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i never thought i’d take an interest in alimony reform: i’ve never been married. the deposits that arrive in my bank account come from my employer. i did “get the house” — but only because i paid for it.
but recently i became involved with someone who’s divorced. and under massachusetts law, he’s required to send weekly checks to his ex-wife, even though she’s been living with another man for years. that make sense to me. there are situations where alimony is needed, but i thought it was supposed to end when the person receiving the checks set up housekeeping with a new partner.
turns out i was right — sort of. in 2011, massachusetts passed the alimony reform act, which was meant to address inequities in the state’s existing alimony laws. under the old law, if your ex moved in with a new partner, even a rich one, but didn’t get married, you would likely still be on the hook for the alimony — for as long as you both shall live, as you once said in better times. almost nothing could change that obligation, including your retirement.
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the alimony reform act, which took effect on march 1, 2012, aimed to give payors a light at the end of the tunnel. it stipulates that ex-spouses who live with a partner for a continuous period of at least three months may forfeit their alimony and that alimony may be terminated once the payor reaches the full social security retirement age. there are a few exceptions to those rules, but basically, it sounds simple, right?
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no. actually nearly as messy as a hollywood divorce, thanks to one small turn of phrase that the supreme judicial court of massachusetts read as ambiguous. “to most lawyers and many judges it was not ambiguous,” says steve hitner, president of the advocacy group massachusetts alimony reform. “there’s a piece of the law that says ‘prospective,’ meaning someone cannot go back and recoup money they’ve already paid. but the sjc took the word ‘prospective’ to mean that the reform act only applied to divorces that take place after it went into effect.”
the sjc basically negated certain key sections of the reform act in several rulings handed down january 30, 2015 — chin v. merriot, rodman v. rodman, and doktor v. doktor. these rulings have a significant impact: in just the decade before the reform act went into effect, there were nearly 170,000 divorces in massachusetts. one of them was peter premo’s. premo, a 56-year-old engineer from worcester, and his wife split in 2010, when cohabitation wasn’t a reason to end alimony. so even though she moved in with her new beau, premo was required to keep paying. when his ex and her partner went to a las vegas wedding chapel, premo thought his check-writing days were over, but he was wrong. it turns out the “just married” bumper sticker she put on her car wasn’t exactly accurate, because the couple never got a marriage license. so under the law, premo was still required to support her, “husband” and all.
denise squillante, a former president of the massachusetts bar association who helped to write the statute, says the alimony revision was in fact intended to apply retroactively. “i was there,” she says. “i know what we meant.”
but because of the sjc rulings, retirement changes nothing and cohabitating ex-spouses who divorced before march 2012 get to treat alimony as the thing no one can put asunder, unless they actually remarry. so at least some of them don’t; call them exes with benefits. a bit droll to see this once puritan state continuing to reward people for living in sin. but for payors like my partner, it isn’t funny. worse, squillante says, “they’re not getting equal protection under the law.” equal protection is the crux of the 14th amendment to the us constitution. the equal protection clause has been used to prevent discrimination in housing and was a cornerstone of the supreme court’s decision to legalize gay marriage — a decision made the same year massachusetts’s sjc effectively decided to create two classes of divorces, depending on when you broke up.
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last year, state lawmakers introduced a bill to fix the language, so the law would cover everyone. it passed unanimously in the house but died in the senate. now, legislators are trying again to set things right. the current version of the “re-reform” bill, h.740, is with the joint committee on the judiciary, which has a hearing scheduled for may 15. if it is blocked a second time, hitner fears it will be years before the issue is revisited. “it will lose momentum,” he says. “that’s what typically happens. but if it pass the second time, we’ll be back.”
in the meanwhile, people who divorced before the law took effect must follow the old rules on alimony, for better or worse. “if i lose my job, if i retire, i still have to pay this money every week,” premo says. “we’ve been divorced for how long? let me go. let me get on with my life.”
louise sloan is a writer in rhode island. send comments to magazine@globe.com . follow us on twitter @bostonglobemag
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pɛnz ˌbiˈfɔr pɛts: ˈeɪmi ˈpɔlɪn siks riˈvɛnʤ ənd ʃi ɪz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ˈsækrəˌfaɪs tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈænəməlz ɪn ˈʃɛltərz tɪ gɪt ɪt. ɪn taɪm, ˈeɪmi ˈtɛnjər ɪn ðə nu jɔrk steɪt ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪʧər wɪl min ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl ənd wɪl bi ˈlɑrʤli fərˈgɑtən. bɪˈkəz ˈpɔlɪn kɛr əˈbaʊt ˈɪʃuz ɛz məʧ ɛz ʃi kɛrz əˈbaʊt ˈtoʊkənz. spəˈsɪfɪkli, ʃi kɛrz əˈbaʊt certificates.”*.” ə pɛn sərˈtɪfɪkət ɪz ə freɪmd ˈkɑpi əv ə bɪl saɪnd baɪ ðə ˈgəvərnər, kəmˈplit wɪθ ðə ˈækʧəwəl pɛn juzd tɪ saɪn ðə bɪl. ˈpɔlɪn laɪks ðə pɛnz ənd ðə sərˈtɪfɪkəts. lɑts əv ðɛm. ʃi pʊts ðɛm ɔn hər wɔl, ə ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ɔl hər ˈpɪrɪk ˈvɪktəriz ðət hæv dən ˈnəθɪŋ ˈsəbstəntɪv tɪ raɪt səm rɔŋ ər ˈtruli ədˈvæns gʊd ˈgəvərnmənt. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, hər ɪˈlɛkʃən tɪ ðə əˈsɛmbli, 121 əv hər bɪlz hæv bɪn saɪnd ˈɪntu lɔ. ɪn 2011 əˈloʊn, ˈpɔlɪn ˈɔθərd 16 bɪlz ðət pæst boʊθ ˈhaʊsɪz, ˈpleɪsɪŋ hər ɪn ðə tɔp 3 əv members.”*.” bət ðɛr ɪz ə ˈrizən fər ðət; ˈæˌkʧuəli tu ˈrizənz: ʃi ɪz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ənd həz ə ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən əv nɑt ˈrɛdɪŋ ðoʊz bɪlz, ˈifɛktɪvli ðə dɪˈzaɪər əv ˈspɛʃəl ˈɪntərɪsts; ənd, ʃi ɪz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ əˈmɛnd ðə bɪlz tɪ ðə pɔɪnt ðət ðeɪ ər ˈlɑrʤli ˈminɪŋləs (ðeɪ ˈivɪn bi kɔld sɪmˈbɑlɪk). ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈpɔlɪn ˌɪntrəˈdust ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən: trænˈspɛrənsi əv ˈʃɛltər ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz act.”*.” ðə bɪl wʊd hæv rikˈwaɪərd nu jɔrk steɪt ˈʃɛltərz tɪ poʊst haʊ ˈmɛni ˈænəməlz ðeɪ seɪv ənd kɪl ˈɔnˌlaɪn ənd tɪ du soʊ kˈwɔrtərli. ɪf ˈʃɛltərz ər trænˈspɛrənt, ˈtækˌspeɪərz ənd ˈænəməl ˈləvərz wɪl dɪˈmænd ˌɪmˈpruvmənt. æt list, ðət ʃʊd hæv bɪn ðə dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ˈɪʃu. bət ˈpɔlɪn kɛr əˈbaʊt ðoʊz ˈɪʃuz ɛz məʧ ɛz ʃi kɛrz əˈbaʊt ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə pɛn sərˈtɪfɪkət fər ðə bɪl. soʊ wɪn kɪl ˈʃɛltərz əˈbʤɛktəd ðət ðeɪ ʃʊd nɑt bi hɛld əˈkaʊntəbəl ənd ðət ˈtækˌspeɪərz ənd ˈænəməl ˈləvərz hæd noʊ raɪt tɪ noʊ ðət ðeɪ wər sˈlɔtərɪŋ ˈænəməlz, ʃi əˈmɛndɪd ɪt soʊ ðət ɪt ˈoʊnli əˈplaɪd tɪ ˈʃɛltərz ðət rɪˈsiv steɪt ˈfəndɪŋ, əv wɪʧ ðɛr wər ˈoʊnli ə ˈkəpəl ɪn ðə ɪnˈtaɪər steɪt. ɪn wən stroʊk əv ðə ˈkiˌbɔrd, ˈpɔlɪn ɪgˈzɛmptɪd ˈoʊvər 95 əv ɔl nu jɔrk steɪt kɪl ˈʃɛltərz. ˈæftər mɔr əˈbʤɛkʃənz, ʃi ˈfərðər əˈmɛndɪd ðə bɪl, ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪŋ ðə rɪkˈwaɪrmənt ðət ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən bi ˈpoʊstɪd ˈɔnˌlaɪn. ɪn fækt, ˈivɪn ˈʃɛltərz wʊd nɑt hæv hæd tɪ əˈfərmətɪvli meɪk ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈpəblɪk. wət wɑz lɛft wɑz ə bɪl ðət dɪd ˈvərʧuəli ˈnəθɪŋ. ˈɛniˌθɪŋ tɪ gɪt əˈnəðər pɛn sərˈtɪfɪkət. kˈwɑntəti fər ˈpɔlɪn, nɑt kˈwɑləti. ɪn ðə reɪs fər pɛn sərˈtɪfɪkəts, ˈpɔlɪn ɪz ðə goʊld ˈmɛdəlɪst, nɑt ðət ˈɛniˌwən ɛls ɪz kəmˈpitɪŋ. wɪn ju ər ðə ˈoʊnli ˈpərsən ɪn ə reɪs ju kriˈeɪtɪd, əv kɔrs wɪn. ɪn fækt, ɛz tɪ hər kwɪk kɪl bɪl (a05449c*), ʃi bɪˈlivz gɪt ɪt, tu. ʃi sɛd soʊ. spəˈsɪfɪkli, ʃi ˈsteɪtɪd ðət wɪn ðə ““emotions”*” əv ðə ““ignorant”*” ənd ““uninformed”*” nu jɔrk ˈhæpən tɪ peɪ hər ˈsæləri ənd huz wɪl ʃi ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ daʊn, ðə bɪl wɪl pæs bɪˈkəz ðə ˈmaɪti ɪz bɪˈhaɪnd ɪt. ənd soʊ æt ðə rɪkˈwɛst əv ɛd sɛrz əv ðə ənd ʤeɪn ˈhɔfmən əv ðə əˈlaɪəns fər nu jɔrk ˈsɪti ˈænəməlz, hər bɪl (wɪʧ ʃi ðɪs wik): ˈwɪsəlˌbloʊər prəˈtɛkʃənz fər ˈrɛˌskjuərz; əˈlaʊz ˈʃɛltərz tɪ tərn ˈrɛˌskjuərz əˈweɪ ɪf ðeɪ kˈwɛʃən ˌɪnhjuˈmeɪn ˈtritmənt ənd kənˈtɪnjud ˈkɪlɪŋ ɪn ðoʊz ˈʃɛltərz; əˈlaʊz ˈʃɛltərz tɪ tərn əˈweɪ ˈrɛskju grups ɪf ðeɪ ər nɑt ˈloʊkəl (ðəs prɪˈzərvɪŋ ʤeɪn paʊər æt ðə ɪkˈspɛns əv ðə ˈænəməlz ənd əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈrʊrəl ˈʃɛltərz tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ˈrɛskju grups ɪn ˈbəfəˌloʊ, ˈsɪrəˌkjuz, ˈrɑˌʧɛstər, ənd nu jɔrk ˈsɪti wɛr hoʊmz ər ɪn ˈgreɪtər əˈbəndəns); əˈlaʊz ˈʃɛltərz tɪ ˈɛnər ˈfɑstər hoʊmz beɪst ɔn ən ˌəndɪˈfaɪnd bɪˈlif ðət ðeɪ ʃʊd (ə ˈtæktɪk əv ˌɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən ənd hərˈæsmənt); ənd, ˈoʊnli əˈlaʊz ˈrɛˌskjuz approved”*” baɪ ðə ˈʃɛltər, ən əˈpruvəl ðət kən bi wɪθˈhɛld fər kˈwɛsʧənɪŋ ðɛr reɪts əv ˈkɪlɪŋ. ɪn ʃɔrt, ˈeɪmi ˈpɔlɪn ɪz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ˈsækrəˌfaɪs ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈænəməlz fər ə freɪmd sərˈtɪfɪkət ənd ə pɛn. ʃi ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ səbˈvərt ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈprɔˌsɛs. ʃi ɪz ˈæskɪŋ ðə ˈspikər əv ðə əˈsɛmbli tɪ du ən əraʊnd ðə kəˈmɪti ˈsɪstəm ənd brɪŋ ðə bɪl dɪˈrɛkli tɪ ðə flɔr, wɛr ˌənɪnˈfɔrmd ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtərz wɪl θɪŋk ðeɪ ər ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈænəməlz bɪˈkəz ðə (kərəpt) ɪz bɪˈhaɪnd ɪt. ɪf ðə sɪz ɪt ɪz gʊd fər ˈænəməlz, ɪt məst bi! dɪˈsɑnəst. ˌəndɛməˈkrætɪk. ənd riˈækʃəˌnɛri. waɪ ɪz ʃi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ goʊ ðət fɑr? waɪ wɪl ðɪs pɛn sərˈtɪfɪkət teɪk ɪts ˈkəvətɪd pleɪs æt ðə ˈsɛnər əv ɔl ðə ˈəðərz ðət əˈdɔrn hər wɔl? waɪ wɪl ðɪs bi ðə sˈwitəst sərˈtɪfɪkət əv ðɛm ɔl, rəˈgɑrdləs əv haʊ məʧ ˈænəməl bləd ɪz ʃɛd tɪ gɪt ɪt? waɪ ɪz ʃi ˈdɪgɪŋ ɪn hər hilz, wɪn moʊst ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtərz wʊd hæv bækt daʊn ɪn ˈdɛfərəns tɪ ðə vɔɪs əv ðə ˈpipəl? bɪˈkəz ðɪs wən ɪz ˈpərsɪnəl. ðɪs wən ɪz ˈdrɪvən baɪ riˈvɛnʤ. θæŋks tɪ tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv nu ˈjɔrkərz hu spoʊk aʊt əˈgɛnst ðə bɪl, 11 ˌkoʊˈspɔnsərz wɪθˈdru ðɛr səˈpɔrt fər ɪt ənd ðə ˈsɛnətər hu ˌɪntrəˈdust ðə bɪl ɔn hər bɪˈhæf wɪθˈdru ɪt ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt. mɔˈroʊvər, ˈɑrtɪkəlz ənd ˌɛdəˈtɔriəlz hæv əˈpɪrd ɪn ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt ˈnuzˌpeɪpər əˈgɛnst hər bɪl, tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv iˈmeɪlz frəm nu ˈjɔrkərz hæv pɔrd ˈɪntu ðə əˈsɛmbli ɪn ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən. ə æd wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn hər ˈhoʊmˌtaʊn ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ənd ə ˈpoʊˌskɑrd ˈmeɪlɪŋ peɪd fər baɪ ˈænəməl ˈləvərz riʧt ˈɛvəri ˈhaʊsˌhoʊld ɪn hər ˈhoʊmˌtaʊn. hər ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ wɑz ˈflədɪd wɪθ ˈkɑmɛnts ɪn ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən (ˌbiˈfɔr ʃi bɪˈgæn ˈbænɪŋ ənd dɪˈlitɪŋ ðoʊz hu dɪsəˈgrid wɪθ hər; wəns əˈgɛn ʃoʊɪŋ hər tru riˈækʃəˌnɛri ənd ˌəndɛməˈkrætɪk ˈkələrz). bət mɔr ðən ðət, hər dɪˈzaɪər tɪ bɪˈkəm ðə ˈkaʊnti ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv əv ˈwɛˌstʧɛstər wɪʧ, æt wən pɔɪnt, wɑz kənˈsɪdərd ə dən dil ɪz naʊ ən ˈoʊpən kˈwɛʃən bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi. ənd ˈpɔlɪn ɪz kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ nu ˈjɔrkərz hu kˈwɛsʧənd hər peɪ. ðoʊ hər ˈtɛnjər wɪl bi ˈlɑrʤli fərˈgɑtən, hər ˈɛfərt tɪ θwɔrt ˈminɪŋfəl ˈʃɛltər rɪˈfɔrm ənd tɪ əˈlaʊ ˈʃɛltərz tɪ kɪl ˈænəməlz ɪn ðə feɪs əv ə ˈrɛskju ɔlˈtərnətɪv wɪl nɑt bi. ˈɛfərt tɪ du soʊ baɪ ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ ə kəmˈpitɪŋ bɪl ðət ˈkoʊdəˌfaɪz ðə ˈstætəs kwoʊ (ənd ˌɪˈnɪʃəli sɔt tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðə paʊər əv ˈʃɛltərz tɪ kɪl ˈænəməlz) wɪl bi məˈmɔriəˌlaɪzd ɪn maɪ ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ fɔrθ bʊk, ˈfrɛndli faɪər. ɪkˈsplɔrɪŋ ðə hɪˈstɔrɪkəl, ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ənd ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃənz bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ənˈlaɪkli səˈpɔrt əˈbjusɪv, kɪl ˈʃɛltərz rɪˈsiv frəm grups laɪk ðə, ˈfrɛndli faɪər ˈænsərz ðə kˈwɛʃən, waɪ? waɪ dɪd ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz wɪʧ wər səˈpoʊzd tɪ hæv bɪn ˈfaʊndɪd ɔn ðə haɪəst aɪˈdilz əv kəmˈpæʃən bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈbɪgəst dɪˈfɛndərz əv ðə ˈænəməl əˈbjuz ənd ˈkɪlɪŋ wɪʧ əˈkərz ˈdeɪli ɪn ɑr ˈsoʊˈkɔld ““shelters.”*.” ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈskəsɪz ðə ˈtæktɪks, ˈprɑksiz, ənd ˈpəpɪts ðeɪ juz tɪ du soʊ. ˈprɑksiz ənd ˈpəpɪts laɪk ˈeɪmi ˈpɔlɪn hu ər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ trəmp tru rɪˈfɔrm ɪn ˈdɛfərəns tɪ ðiz ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz, ˈivɪn ɪf ɪt minz ðə kənˈtɪnjud ˈkɪlɪŋ əv ˈænəməlz ɪn ˈʃɛltərz hu hæv ən ˌɪˈmiˌdiət pleɪs tɪ goʊ. ðət ɪz wət ˈpipəl wɪl rɪˈmɛmbər əv hər. ənd ðə ənˈkɑnʃənəbəl ənd ˈtræʤɪk æˈnælɪsɪs ðət ʃi ɪmˈplɔɪd, wɪn ʃi keɪm tɪ ðə kənˈkluʒən ðət ə pɛn ənd ə pɛn sərˈtɪfɪkət wər wərθ mɔr ðən ðə lɪvz əv ˈænəməlz ə jɪr. wət ju kən du: ɪf ənd ˈoʊnli ɪf ju ər ə nu jɔrk ˈrɛzɪdənt, pliz ˈkɑnˌtækt əˈsɛmbli ˈspikər ˈʃɛldən ˈsɪlvər ənd æsk ɪm nɑt tɪ əˈlaʊ ðɪs bɪl tɪ riʧ ðə əˈsɛmbli flɔr. ðɛr ɪz tɛkst prəˈvaɪdɪd fər ju, bət ɛz ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈædɪŋ jʊr oʊn ˈhɑrtˌfɛlt ənd pəˈlaɪt ˈmɛsɪʤ ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz mɔr ˈifɛktɪv: ɪf ənd ˈoʊnli ɪf ju ər ə nu jɔrk ˈrɛzɪdənt, pliz ˈkɑnˌtækt ðə ˌkoʊˈspɔnsərz əv ðə bɪl ənd æsk ðɛm tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ ðɛr səˈpɔrt. wəns əˈgɛn, tɛkst həz bɪn prəˈvaɪdɪd, bət ɛz ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈædɪŋ jʊr oʊn ˈhɑrtˌfɛlt ənd pəˈlaɪt ˈmɛsɪʤ ɪz ˈhɛlpfəl. ðiz ˈspɑnsərz ər nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ðə ˈɛnəmi; moʊst ər ˈmɪrli ˌənɪnˈfɔrmd ɛz tɪ ðə tru ˌɪnˈtɛnt əv ðɪs ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən: noʊ ˈmætər wɛr ju lɪv, lɛt hər noʊ haʊ ju fil: sɛnd ˈeɪmi ˈpɔlɪn ə pɛn! wɪn ə dɔg ˈsəmθɪŋ, laɪk tɔɪz, wi rɪˈspɑnd baɪ ˈflədɪŋ ðə dɔg wɪθ tɔɪz, soʊ hi kən ˈriəˌlaɪz ðeɪ ɪgˈzɪst ɪn əˈbəndəns ənd ðət ðeɪ soʊ ˈspɛʃəl. sɪns ˈeɪmi ˈpɔlɪn ɪz ˈrisɔrs ˈgɑrdɪŋ pɛnz ənd pɛn sərˈtɪfɪkəts, wi nid tɪ fləd hər wɪθ ðɛm, soʊ ʃi kən ˈriəˌlaɪz ðeɪ soʊ ˈspɛʃəl, tu. ˈsərtənli, ðeɪ wərθ ðə lɪvz əv ˈænəməlz ə jɪr hu ər biɪŋ kɪld ɪn ˈʃɛltərz dɪˈspaɪt ˈrɛskju grups ˈrɛdi, ˈwɪlɪŋ, ənd ˈeɪbəl tɪ seɪv ðɛm. sɛnd ˈeɪmi ˈpɔlɪn ə pɛn. ˈsɪmpli stɪk ɪt ɪn ən ˈɛnvəˌloʊp ənd meɪl ɪt tɪ hər ˈɔfəs. ɪf ju sɛnd ə noʊt wɪθ ðə pɛn, bi pəˈlaɪt! əˈsɛmbliˌwʊmən ˈeɪmi ˈpɔlɪn 700 waɪt pleɪnz roʊd swit 252 ˈskɑrzˌdeɪl, 10583 fər ˈfərðər ˈrɛdɪŋ:
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pens before pets: amy paulin seeks revenge
and she is willing to sacrifice tens of thousands of animals in shelters to get it.
in time, amy paulin’s tenure in the new york state legislature will mean very little and will be largely forgotten. that’s because paulin care about issues as much as she cares about tokens. specifically, she cares about “pen certificates.” a pen certificate is a framed copy of a bill signed by the governor, complete with the actual pen used to sign the bill. paulin likes the pens and the certificates. lots of them. she puts them on her wall, a tribute to all her pyrrhic victories that have done nothing substantive to right some wrong or truly advance good government. according to paulin’s website, “since her election to the assembly, 121 of her bills have been signed into law. in 2011 alone, paulin authored 16 bills that passed both houses, placing her in the top 3% of members.” but there is a reason for that; actually two reasons:
she is willing to introduce anything and has a reputation of not reading those bills, effectively rubber-stamping the desire of special interests; and, she is willing to amend the bills to the point that they are largely meaningless (they even be called symbolic).
a few years ago, for example, paulin introduced legislation: “the transparency of shelter operations act.” the bill would have required new york state shelters to post how many animals they save and kill online and to do so quarterly. if shelters are transparent, taxpayers and animal lovers will demand accountability—and improvement. at least, that should have been the defining issue. but paulin care about those issues as much as she cares about getting the pen certificate for the bill. so when kill shelters objected that they should not be held accountable and that taxpayers and animal lovers had no right to know that they were slaughtering animals, she amended it so that it only applied to shelters that receive state funding, of which there were only a couple in the entire state. in one stroke of the keyboard, paulin exempted over 95% of all new york state kill shelters. after more objections, she further amended the bill, eliminating the requirement that the information be posted online. in fact, even state-funded shelters would not have had to affirmatively make the information public. what was left was a bill that did virtually nothing.
anything to get another pen certificate. quantity for paulin, not quality. in the race for pen certificates, paulin is the gold medalist, not that anyone else is competing. when you are the only person in a race you created, of course you’ll win. in fact, as to her quick kill/quiet kill bill (a05449c), she believes she’ll get it, too. she said so. specifically, she stated that when the “emotions” of the “ignorant” and “uninformed” new york masses—who happen to pay her salary and whose will she is supposed to represent—die down, the bill will pass because the mighty aspca is behind it. and so at the request of ed sayres of the aspca and jane hoffman of the mayor’s alliance for new york city animals, her bill (which she re-amended this week):
eviscerates whistleblower protections for rescuers;
allows shelters to turn rescuers away if they question inhumane treatment and continued killing in those shelters;
allows shelters to turn away rescue groups if they are not local (thus preserving jane hoffman’s power at the expense of the animals and allowing rural shelters to avoid working with rescue groups in buffalo, syracuse, rochester, and new york city where homes are in greater abundance);
allows shelters to enter foster homes based on an undefined belief that they should (a tactic of intimidation and harassment); and,
only allows rescues “if approved” by the shelter, an approval that can be withheld for questioning their rates of killing.
in short, amy paulin is willing to sacrifice thousands of animals for a framed certificate and a pen. she is also willing to subvert the democratic process. she is asking the speaker of the assembly to do an end-run around the committee system and bring the bill directly to the floor, where uninformed legislators will think they are helping animals because the (corrupt) aspca is behind it. if the aspca says it is good for animals, it must be!
it’s dishonest. undemocratic. and reactionary. why is she willing to go that far? why will this pen certificate take its coveted place at the center of all the others that adorn her wall? why will this be the sweetest certificate of them all, regardless of how much animal blood is shed to get it? why is she digging in her heels, when most legislators would have backed down in deference to the voice of the people? because this one is personal. this one is driven by revenge.
thanks to tens of thousands of new yorkers who spoke out against the bill, 11 cosponsors withdrew their support for it and the senator who introduced the bill on her behalf withdrew it in the senate. moreover, articles and editorials have appeared in the district newspaper against her bill, tens of thousands of emails from new yorkers have poured into the assembly in opposition. a half-page ad was published in her hometown newspaper and a postcard mailing paid for by animal lovers reached every household in her hometown. her facebook page was flooded with comments in opposition (before she began banning and deleting those who disagreed with her; once again showing her true reactionary and undemocratic colors). but more than that, her desire to become the county executive of westchester which, at one point, was considered a done deal is now an open question because of the controversy. and paulin is committed to making new yorkers who questioned her pay.
though her tenure will be largely forgotten, her effort to thwart meaningful shelter reform and to allow shelters to kill animals in the face of a rescue alternative will not be. paulin’s effort to do so by introducing a competing bill that codifies the status quo (and initially sought to increase the power of shelters to kill animals) will be memorialized in my upcoming fourth book, friendly fire. exploring the historical,ychological and financial motivations behind the unlikely support abusive, kill shelters receive from groups like the aspca, friendly fire answers the question, why?
why did organizations which were supposed to have been founded on the highest ideals of compassion became the biggest defenders of the animal abuse and killing which occurs daily in our nation’s so-called “shelters.” it also discusses the tactics, proxies, and puppets they use to do so. proxies and puppets like amy paulin who are willing to trump true reform in deference to these organizations, even if it means the continued killing of savable animals in shelters who have an immediate place to go. that is what people will remember of her. and the unconscionable and tragic cost-benefit analysis that she employed, when she came to the conclusion that a pen and a pen certificate were worth more than the lives of 25,000 animals a year.
what you can do:
if – and only if – you are a new york resident, please contact nys assembly speaker sheldon silver and ask him not to allow this bill to reach the assembly floor. there is text provided for you, but as always adding your own heartfelt and polite message is always more effective: http://bit.ly/aehufj
if – and only if – you are a new york resident, please contact the cosponsors of the bill and ask them to withdraw their support. once again, text has been provided, but as always adding your own heartfelt and polite message is helpful. these sponsors are not necessarily the enemy; most are merely uninformed as to the true intent of this legislation: http://bit.ly/iepxgn
no matter where you live, let her know how you feel: www.facebook.com/assemblywomanpaulin
send amy paulin a pen!
when a dog resource-guards something, like toys, we respond by flooding the dog with toys, so he can realize they exist in abundance and that they aren’t so special. since amy paulin is resource guarding pens and pen certificates, we need to flood her with them, so she can realize they aren’t so special, too. certainly, they aren’t worth the lives of 25,000 animals a year who are being killed in nys shelters despite rescue groups ready, willing, and able to save them. send amy paulin a pen. simply stick it in an envelope and mail it to her office. if you send a note with the pen, be polite!
assemblywoman amy paulin
700 white plains road suite 252
scarsdale, ny 10583
for further reading:
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ˈpɪʧˌfɔrk: gɪt ˈɔntu dɪˈklaɪn iii*. haʊ wər ðə ˈgətər pəŋks pərˈsivd baɪ ˈpipəl ɪn ðə sin hu ˈhoʊmləs? ðeɪ wər ˈgɪvɪn ə ˈsərtən kaɪnd əv rɪˈspɛkt bɪˈkəz əv ðɛr ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən. wət aɪ faʊnd ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ɪz ðət ˈjumən ˈneɪʧər tɪ hæv ə ˈfæməli, soʊ ðeɪ fɔrmd nu ˈfæməliz. ðeɪ wər ˈvɛri prəˈtɛktɪv əv iʧ ˈəðər ənd stɪl, tɪ ðɪs deɪ, soʊ ˈmɛni əv ðɛm ər ʤɪst ɛz kloʊz. ˈpɪʧˌfɔrk: baɪ ðə taɪm ju meɪd dɪˈklaɪn iii*, ðə wərld ɛz əp ɪn ɑrmz əˈbaʊt pəŋk kərˈəptɪŋ ðə fɪlm meɪks ðə pɔɪnt ðət ðeɪ wər ˈæˌkʧuəli kərˈəptɪd baɪ ˈfɔrsɪz məʧ ˈkloʊzər tɪ hoʊm.: ɪn 2013 aɪ gɑt maɪ ˈlaɪsəns tɪ bi ə ˈfɑstər ˈpɛrənt, ʤɪst ɛz ə weɪ tɪ traɪ ənd hɛlp ðiz kɪdz. aɪ fil laɪk ju hæv tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ. maɪ krɔs tɪ bɛr æt ðɪs pɔɪnt ɪz haʊ ðə ˈmɛnəli ɪl ər ˈtritɪd ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ɪt ɪz ˈhɔrəbəl. ləv tɪ du ə ˈmuvi ɔn ɪt, bət ju bɪˈkəz əv ˈpraɪvəsi ˈɪʃuz. aɪ wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ traɪ ənd dɪˈrɛkt ə fɪlm əˈbaʊt ˈmɛntəl ˈɪlnəs wəns. aɪ rɪˈmɛmbər ˈstændɪŋ ɪn ˈpætən steɪt ˈhɑˌspɪtəl fər ðə ˈkrɪmənəli ˌɪnˈseɪn duɪŋ ˈrisərʧ ənd ðɛn ˈgɪtɪŋ ɔn ə foʊn ðɛr ənd ˈkɔlɪŋ maɪ ˈeɪʤənt ənd seɪɪŋ, dɪz ðət ˈmuvi æt ˈpɛrəˌmaʊnt stand?”*?” hi sɛd ðət aɪ gɑt ðə ʤɑb. ðət wɑz wərld. soʊ aɪ wɑz ˈiðər goʊɪŋ tɪ du ə ˈmuvi ɔn ðə ˈkrɪmənəli ˌɪnˈseɪn ər wərld. ɪt wɑz ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈtərnɪŋ pɔɪnt ɪn maɪ laɪf. ˈpɪʧˌfɔrk: du ju θɪŋk ju maɪt riˈvɪzɪt ðət ˈprɑʤɛkt?: ɪf aɪ kʊd du ðət ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri, aɪ ˈrɪli wʊd. ðə ˈrizən bɪˈkəm soʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ɪt ɪz bɪˈkəz wɪn aɪ dɪd dɪˈklaɪn iii*, aɪ mɛt maɪ ˈbɔɪˌfrɛnd əv 18 jɪrz. hi ɪz ə ˈwəndərfəl ˈpərsən ənd ɪkˈstrimli ˈbrɪljənt. hi wɑz ˈhoʊmləs fər 10 jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr aɪ mɛt ɪm ənd ənˈfɔrʧənətli əˈfɛktɪd wɪθ ˌskɪtsəˈfriniə. ɛz ˈbrɪljənt ɛz hi ɪz, bɪn ɪn ə ˈmɛntəl ˈhɑˌspɪtəl fər ə jɪr. aɪ hæv ˈlərnɪd ðə ˈaɪˈɛˈnɛs ənd aʊts əv ðət ˈsɪstəm ənd haʊ ðoʊz ˈpipəl ər ˈtritɪd, ənd ɪt ɪz ˈhɔrəbəl. bɪn ˈstrəgəlɪŋ fər əˈbaʊt 10 deɪz naʊ tɪ gɪt ɪm ə ˈblæŋkɪt. ˈpɪʧˌfɔrk: wɑz ðət ə streɪnʤ daɪˈnæmɪk tɪ stɑrt ə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp frəm?: ə ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ɑr 50 naʊ. ɪt wɑz ˈprɪti ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl, aɪ gɛs, fər ɪm tɪ goʊ frəm ˈtoʊtəli ˈhoʊmləs tɪ ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ə 2 ˈmɪljən hoʊm ɔn θri ˈeɪkərz ɪn ˈglæmər ˈsɪti. bət ˈtruli ə pəŋk æt hɑrt ənd hi gɪv ə ʃɪt əˈbaʊt ɔl ðət stəf. ˈplɛnti əv ˈdɪnərz ðət ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd ɪm tɪ goʊ wɪθ mi tɪ ənd hi ʤɪst won’t*. laɪk, wʊd aɪ ˈwɑnə goʊ tɪ ə ˈfəkɪŋ ˈbrædli ˈkupər party?”*?” [læfs] ˈpɪʧˌfɔrk: haʊ dɪd ju fɔl fər iʧ ˈəðər?: waɪl aɪ wɑz ˈkətɪŋ ðə ˈmuvi, aɪ wɑz ˈdraɪvɪŋ daʊn ðə strit ənd aɪ sɔ ɪm ˈsɪtɪŋ ɔn ə bəs bɛnʧ. aɪ pʊld əp ənd æst ɪf hi rɪˈmɛmbərd mi. tərnd aʊt hi hæd bɪn ˈlʊkɪŋ fər mi. wi hæd ˈdɪnər wən naɪt, ənd hi wɑz ˈfəkɪŋ ˈfɪlθi, mæn. aɪ θɔt aɪ wɑz ʤɪst biɪŋ nis ənd baɪɪŋ ðə gaɪ ˈdɪnər, ənd ðɛn wɪn hi gɑt aʊt əv ðə kɑr hi kɪst mi! [læfs] hi sɛd, ju ˈɛvər wɔnt tɪ si mi, aɪ hæŋ aʊt æt ˈbɔrdərz ənd ˈjuʒəwəli ɪn ðə ˈfɪzɪks ər fəˈlɑsəfi aisle.”*.” aɪ wɑz skɛrd əv ɪm æt fərst, bət ðɛn aɪ kɛpt goʊɪŋ bæk ˈɛvəri deɪ tɪ teɪk ɪm tɪ lənʧ. aɪ wɑz wɪθ ɪm fər 19 jɪrz. ɪf ju noʊ ðət ˈmuvi ə ˈbjutəfəl ɪm. ə ˈʤinjəs. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, naʊ ɪn ə ˈmɛntəl ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, bət traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt ɪm aʊt.
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pitchfork: let’s get onto decline iii. how were the gutter punks perceived by people in the scene who weren’t homeless?
ps : they were given a certain kind of respect because of their situation. what i found interesting is that it’s human nature to have a family, so they formed new families. they were very protective of each other and still, to this day, so many of them are just as close.
pitchfork: by the time you made decline iii, the world wasn’t as up in arms about punk corrupting kids—but the film makes the point that they were actually corrupted by forces much closer to home.
ps: in 2013, i got my license to be a foster parent, just as a way to try and help these kids. i feel like you have to do something. my cross to bear at this point is how the mentally ill are treated in the united states. it is horrible. i’d love to do a movie on it, but you can’t because of privacy issues.
i was going to try and direct a film about mental illness once. i remember standing in patton state hospital for the criminally insane doing research and then getting on a phone there and calling my agent and saying, “where does that movie at paramount stand?” he said that i got the job. that was wayne’s world. so i was either going to do a movie on the criminally insane or wayne’s world. it was a critical turning point in my life.
pitchfork: do you think you might revisit that project?
ps: if i could do that documentary, i really would. the reason i’ve become so interested in it is because when i did decline iii, i met my boyfriend of 18 years. he is a wonderful person and extremely brilliant. he was homeless for 10 years before i met him and unfortunately he’s affected with schizophrenia. as brilliant as he is, he’s been in a mental hospital for a year. i have learned the ins and outs of that system and how those people are treated, and it is horrible. i’ve been struggling for about 10 days now to get him a blanket.
pitchfork: was that a strange dynamic to start a relationship from?
ps: there’s a 20-year difference in our age—he’s 50 now. it was pretty incredible, i guess, for him to go from totally homeless to living in a $2 million home on three acres in glamour city. but he’s truly a punk at heart and he doesn’t give a shit about all that stuff. there’s plenty of star-studded dinners that i’ve invited him to go with me to and he just won’t. he’s like, “why would i wanna go to a fucking bradley cooper party?” [laughs]
pitchfork: how did you fall for each other?
ps: while i was cutting the movie, i was driving down the street and i saw him sitting on a bus bench. i pulled up and asked if he remembered me. turned out he had been looking for me. we had dinner one night, and he was fucking filthy, man. i thought i was just being nice and buying the guy dinner, and then when he got out of the car he kissed me! [laughs] he said, “if you ever want to see me, i hang out at borders and i’m usually in the physics or philosophy aisle.” i was scared of him at first, but then i kept going back every day to take him to lunch. i was with him for 19 years. if you know that movie a beautiful mind—that’s him. he’s a genius. unfortunately, now he’s in a mental hospital, but we’re trying to get him out.
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ˌɪnˈgridiənts 2 paʊnz 12 tɪ 15 pər paʊnd) ʃrɪmp, klind, ənd teɪl ɔn 3 ˈɛkstrə ˈvərʤɪn ˈɑlɪv ɔɪl 2 draɪ waɪt waɪn ˈkoʊʃər sɔlt ˈfrɛʃli graʊnd blæk ˈpɛpər 12 ˈbətər, rum ˈtɛmpərəʧər 5 kloʊvz ˈgɑrlɪk, mɪnst kəp mɪnst 3 mɪnst frɛʃ ˈpɑrsli livz 1 mɪnst frɛʃ ˈroʊzˌmɛri livz krəʃt rɛd ˈpɛpər fleɪks 1 ˈgreɪtɪd ˈlɛmən zɛst 2 ˈfrɛʃli skwizd ˈlɛmən ʤus 1 ɛg joʊk kəp ˈpæŋkoʊ brɛd fleɪks ˈlɛmən ˈwɛʤɪz, fər ˈsərvɪŋ ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz fərst ðə ˈəvən tɪ 435 dɪˈgriz ɛf rɪns ənd pæt draɪ klind, ʃrɪmp ˈlivɪŋ ðə teɪlz ɔn. slaɪs daʊn ˈpɑrʃəli θru ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə ʃrɪmp tɪ ˈbətərˌflaɪ ðɛm ənd ðɛn pleɪs ðə ʃrɪmp ɪn ə ˈmɪksɪŋ boʊl. æd ˈɛkstrə ˈvərʤɪn ˈɑlɪv ɔɪl, waɪn, 1 ˈtiˌspun sɔlt, ənd 1 ˈtiˌspun ˈpɛpər ənd tɔs ðə ʃrɪmp ˈʤɛntli ɪn ðə ˈmɪksʧər. əˈlaʊ tɪ sɪt æt rum ˈtɛmpərəʧər waɪl pərˈpɛrɪŋ ðə ˈbətər ənd ˈgɑrlɪk ˈmɪksʧər. naʊ ɪn ə smɔl boʊl, juz ə fɔrk tɪ mæʃ ðə ˈsɔfənd ˈbətər, æd ðə ˈgɑrlɪk,, ˈpɑrsli, ˈroʊzˌmɛri, rɛd ˈpɛpər fleɪks, ˈlɛmən zɛst, ˈlɛmən ʤus, ɛg joʊk, ˈpæŋkoʊ, ˈtiˌspun sɔlt, ənd ˈtiˌspun əv ˈpɛpər ənd kənˈtɪnju tɪ mæʃ ənˈtɪl ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ənd wɛl kəmˈbaɪnd ðɛn sɛt əˈsaɪd. ɪn ən ˈoʊvəl dɪʃ ˈstɑrtɪŋ frəm ðə ˈaʊtər ɛʤ əreɪnʤ ðə ʃrɪmp ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl leɪər wɪθ ðə ˈbətərˌflaɪ kət saɪd daʊn ənd wɪθ ðə teɪlz ˈkərlɪŋ əp ənd təˈwɔrdz ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə dɪʃ ənd pɔr ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈmɑrɪˌneɪd ˈoʊvər ðə ʃrɪmp. naʊ sprɛd ðə ˈbətər ˈmɪksʧər ˈivənli ˈoʊvər ðə tɔp əv ðə pleɪst ʃrɪmp. sɛt ðə dɪʃ ˈoʊvər ə ˈbeɪkɪŋ ʃit ənd beɪk fər 15 tɪ 20 ˈmɪnəts ənˈtɪl hɑt ənd ˈbəbəli. riˈmuv frəm ðə ˈəvən ənd sərv wɪθ ˈlɛmən ˈwɛʤɪz. ˈrɛsəpi əˈdæptɪd frəm ðə ˈbɛrˌfʊt http://www.barefootcontessa.com*/ maɪ ˈreɪtɪŋ: 5 stɑrz: 1 review(s*) ˈkɑpiˌraɪt 2010 ˈrɛsəpi baɪ. baɪ hrecipe*.
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ingredients 2 pounds (12 to 15 per pound) shrimp, cleaned, deveined and tail on
3 tbs extra virgin olive oil
2 tbs dry white wine
kosher salt
freshly ground black pepper
12 tbs unsalted butter, room temperature
5 cloves garlic, minced
1/4 cup minced shallots
3 tbs minced fresh parsley leaves
1 tsp minced fresh rosemary leaves
1/4 tsp crushed red pepper flakes
1 tsp grated lemon zest
2 tbs freshly squeezed lemon juice
1 extra-large egg yolk
2/3 cup panko bread flakes
lemon wedges, for serving
instructions
first preheat the oven to 435 degrees f
rinse and pat dry cleaned, deveined shrimp leaving the tails on. slice down partially through the center of the shrimp to butterfly them and then place the shrimp in a mixing bowl. add extra virgin olive oil, wine, 1 teaspoon salt, and 1 teaspoon pepper and toss the shrimp gently in the mixture. allow to sit at room temperature while preparing the butter and garlic mixture.
now in a small bowl, use a fork to mash the softened butter, add the garlic, shallots, parsley, rosemary, red pepper flakes, lemon zest, lemon juice, egg yolk, panko, 1/2 teaspoon salt, and 1/4 teaspoon of pepper and continue to mash until incorporated and well combined then set aside.
in an oval gratin dish starting from the outer edge arrange the shrimp in a single layer with the butterfly cut side down and with the tails curling up and towards the center of the dish and pour the remaining marinade over the shrimp. now spread the butter mixture evenly over the top of the concentrically placed shrimp. set the gratin dish over a baking sheet and bake for 15 to 20 minutes until hot and bubbly.
remove from the oven and serve with lemon wedges.
recipe adapted from the barefoot contessa http://www.barefootcontessa.com/
my rating: 5 stars: ★★★★★ 1 review(s)
copyright © andicakes 2010.
recipe by yumm yumm yumm.
microformatting by hrecipe.
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gən əˌfɪʃəˈnɑdoʊz laɪk ˈmɑrksmɛn, ˈhəntərz ənd mˈjuziəm ˈkjʊrətərz kən brið ə saɪ əv rɪˈlif, ɛz ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈpɑrləmɛnt həz ˈteɪkən ðə ˈkɑrvɪŋ naɪf tɪ ə kəˈmɪʃən prəˈpoʊzəl ɔn gən kənˈtroʊlz. ˈʤərməni rɪˈpɔrts. ðə ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪʧər həz ˈfaɪnəli kəm əp ɔn tɔp ˈæftər mənθs əv ˈræŋgəlɪŋ ɔn ə kəˈmɪʃən bɪl ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ ˈstrɛŋθən gən lɔz. ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈmɑrkɪt kəˈmɪti ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ 13 ˌʤuˈlaɪ) ˈvoʊtɪd 27 fər, 10 əˈgɛnst, wɪθ wən əbˈstɛnʧən, ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ə rɪˈfɔrm əv ˌjʊrəˈpiən gən lɔ. ˈpriviəsli, ðə ˈsɪvəl ˈlɪbərˌtiz, ˈʤəstɪs ənd hoʊm əˈfɛrz kəˈmɪti (libe*) hæd rɪˈʤɛktɪd ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl noʊˈvɛmbər prəˈpoʊzəl. ɪts ˈmɛmbərz kənˈkludɪd ðət ðə rɪˈfɔrm wɑz tu ˈstrɪnʤənt ɪn ɪts ˈtoʊtəl bæn ɔn ˈwɛpənz ənd rɪkˈwaɪrmənt fər ˈmɛdɪkəl ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃənz, ɛz ɪt wɑz θɔt tɪ bi ənˈdu ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns ɪn ˈpraɪvət lɪvz. kəˈmɪʃənz gən prəˈpoʊzəl ʃɑt daʊn baɪ ˈpɑrləmɛnt kəˈmɪti ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən kəˈmɪʃən wɔnts tɪ meɪk ˈpərʧəsɪŋ ˈfaɪˌrɑrmz ɪn ðə mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt ənd həz ˈsaɪtɪd ðə ˈpɛrɪs əˈtæks ɛz ðə meɪn kənˈtrɪbjutɪŋ ˈfæktər. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈpɑrləmɛnt həz vɔɪst ɪts kənˈsərnz əˈbaʊt haʊ ˈifɛktɪv ɪts prəˈpoʊzəl wɪl bi. ˈʤərməni rɪˈpɔrts. ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən kəˈmɪʃən hæd drɔn əp ə prəˈpoʊzəl ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈæftər ðə ˈbrutəl ˈtɛrərɪst əˈtæks ɪn ˈpɛrɪs læst noʊˈvɛmbər, wɪʧ sɔt tɪ ˈmæsɪvli rɪˈdus ðə iz wɪθ wɪʧ səˈvɪljənz kən geɪn ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈfaɪˌrɑrmz. ðə prəˈpoʊzəl ˈɔlsoʊ sɔt tɪ ˈrɛgjəˌleɪt gənz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ faɪər blæŋks ənd ˈwɛpənz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈkərbɪŋ ðə ˈbumɪŋ ˈɔnˌlaɪn ɑrmz treɪd. ðə ˈpɛrɪs əˈtækərz ˈvaɪtəl ˈwɛpən kəmˈpoʊnənts ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ ˈpərpəˌtreɪtɪd ðə ˌhɔˈrɛndəs sinz æt ðə ˈθiətər ənd ðə steɪd də fræns. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˌpɑrləmɛnˈtɛriənz kənˈkludɪd ðət ðə prəˈpoʊzəl wɑz tu æmˈbɪʃəs. prəˈpoʊzəl ɪz nɑt ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə ˈtɛrərɪst acts,”*,” ˈkɑrəz (ɛp) ˌbiˈfɔr ðə voʊt. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ðə fɛlt ðət ɪt ˈmɪrli riˈstrɪktɪd ðə ˈligəl ˈwɛpənz ˈmɑrkɪt mɔr, ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə blæk ˈmɑrkɪt tɪ tæsk. ðə ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə kəˈmɪti, ˈvɪki fɔrd (ecr*), ðə ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv fər ˈoʊvərˌriʧɪŋ ˌɪtˈsɛlf ənd ˈædɪd ðət ðə nu ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz minz ðət ““sportsmen*, ˈhəntərz ənd wɪl nɑt kəm ˈəndər threat”*”. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl prəˈpoʊzəl wʊd hæv mɛnt ðət gən ˌrɛʤɪˈstreɪʃən wʊd hæv tɪ bi rɪˈnud ˈɛvəri faɪv jɪrz. ˈsərtən ˈwɛpənz, laɪk gənz ənd ˈʃɑtˌgənz, wʊd hæv bɪn riˈklæsəˌfaɪd ɛz ˈkætəˌgɔri ə ˈwɛpənz ˈəndər ðə ˈfaɪˌrɑrmz dɪˈrɛktɪv ənd ɪkˈskludɪd frəm ˈpəblɪk seɪl. ðə ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz deɪt bæk tɪ 1991 ənd wər ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ɪn 2008 ˈwɛpənz ər dɪˈvaɪdɪd ˈɪntu fɔr ˈkætəˌgɔriz (a-d*), wɛˈrɪn ə kəmˈpraɪzɪz proʊˈhɪbətəd ˈwɛpənz laɪk əˈsɔlt ˈraɪfəlz ənd ˈrɑkət ˈlɔnʧərz. ˈfɪnˌlænd sɛts saɪts ɔn ɪgˈzɛmpʃən frəm gən bæn ˈfɪnˌlænd sɛd ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ 16 dɪˈsɛmbər) ɪt wʊd dɪˈmænd səm ɪkˈsɛpʃənz frəm plænd ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈjunjən riˈstrɪkʃənz ɔn ðə juz əv ˈfaɪˌrɑrmz, ˈsaɪtɪŋ ˈnæʃənəl dɪˈfɛns nidz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈpɑrləmɛnt dɪd nɑt ʃɛr ɪts colleagues’*’ vju ðət gənz ʃʊd bi grupt wɪθ səʧ ˈliθəl ˈwɛpənz. ðə ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz, əˈgrid læst mənθ baɪ ðə ˈkaʊnsəl əv ˈmɪnɪstərz, ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət ˈwɛpənz ʃʊd ˈoʊnli bi bænd ɪf ðeɪ hæv ə kəˈpæsɪti əv mɔr ðən 20 raʊnz əv ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən. ˈwɛpənz ðət faɪər fjuər ðən 20 raʊnz, wɪˈθaʊt reloading*, kən kənˈtɪnju tɪ bi ˈpərʧəst baɪ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ɪf ðeɪ mit ðə ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈligəl rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ənd ər ˈmɛmbərz əv ə gən club”*”. əˈbəv ɔl, ðə pɔɪnt əˈbaʊt kəˈpæsɪti həz pruvd tɪ bi ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl əˈməŋ gən ˈɛkspərts, bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz kənˈsɪdərd ˈdaʊtfəl ˈwɛðər ə ˈwɛpən ɪz lɛs ˈdeɪnʤərəs ʤɪst bɪˈkəz ɪt kən ““only”*” teɪk 20 raʊnz. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ˈtɛrərɪst ˈændərz breivik*, hu ˈmərdərd 70 ˈpipəl wɪθ ə ˈwɛpən, wɑz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ə ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd gən kləb. wʊd hæv bɪn ˈhæpiər ɪf ðə ˈkaʊnsəl wʊd hæv bɪn mɔr æmˈbɪʃəs ɪn ɪts rɪˈpɔrt, əˈspɛʃəli ɪn rɪˈgɑrd tɪ weapons,”*,” sɛd avramopoulos*, ðə kəˈmɪʃənər fər hoʊm əˈfɛrz. ə ˈdɪpləˌmæt fər wən əv ðə ˈmɛmbər steɪts toʊld ðət ðɛr wər fɪrz ðət ðə ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz keɪm əˈbaʊt ˈæftər ˈprɛʃər wɑz ɪgˈzərtɪd baɪ ðə gən ˈlɑbi. ˈlɑbi grups ər ˈvɛri ˈæktɪv ɪn ðə parliament,”*,” ðə sɔrs sɛd.
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gun aficionados like marksmen, hunters and museum curators can breathe a sigh of relief, as the european parliament has taken the carving knife to a commission proposal on gun controls. euractiv germany reports.
the legislature has finally come up on top after months of wrangling on a commission bill intended to strengthen gun laws. the internal market committee on wednesday (13 july) voted 27 for, 10 against, with one abstention, in favour of a watered-down reform of european gun law.
previously, the parliament’s civil liberties, justice and home affairs committee (libe) had rejected the commission’s initial november proposal. its members concluded that the reform was too stringent in its total ban on semi-automatic weapons and eu-wide requirement for medical examinations, as it was thought to be undue interference in people’s private lives.
commission's gun proposal shot down by parliament committee the european commission wants to make purchasing firearms in the eu more difficult and has cited the paris attacks as the main contributing factor. however, parliament has voiced its concerns about how effective its proposal will be. euractiv germany reports.
the european commission had drawn up a proposal immediately after the brutal terrorist attacks in paris last november, which sought to massively reduce the ease with which civilians can gain access to firearms. the proposal also sought to regulate guns designed to fire blanks and fully-automatic weapons, as well as curbing the booming online arms trade. the paris attackers sourced vital weapon components on the internet before they perpetrated the horrendous scenes at the bataclan theatre and the stade de france.
however, the parliamentarians concluded that the commission’s proposal was too ambitious. “this proposal is not a response to the terrorist acts,” criticised othmar karas (epp) before the vote. instead, the draft’s scrutineers felt that it merely restricted the legal weapons market more, instead of taking the black market to task.
the chairman of the committee, vicky ford (ecr), criticised the executive for overreaching itself and added that the new compromise means that “sportsmen, hunters and outdoorsmen will not come under threat”.
the executive’s original proposal would have meant that gun registration would have to be renewed every five years. certain semi-automatic weapons, like self-loading guns and shotguns, would have been reclassified as category a weapons under the firearms directive and excluded from public sale.
the guidelines date back to 1991 and were updated in 2008; weapons are divided into four categories (a-d), wherein a comprises prohibited weapons like assault rifles and rocket launchers.
finland sets sights on exemption from eu gun ban finland said on wednesday (16 december) it would demand some exceptions from planned european union restrictions on the use of firearms, citing national defence needs.
however, the parliament did not share its berlaymont’s colleagues’ view that semi-automatic guns should be grouped with such lethal weapons. the compromise, agreed last month by the council of ministers, decided that semi-automatic weapons should only be banned if they have a capacity of more than 20 rounds of ammunition. weapons that fire fewer than 20 rounds, without reloading, can continue to be purchased by individuals if they meet the necessary legal requirements and are members of a “recognised gun club”.
above all, the point about capacity has proved to be controversial among gun experts, because it is considered doubtful whether a semi-automatic weapon is less dangerous just because it can “only” take 20 rounds. additionally, norwegian right-wing terrorist anders breivik, who murdered 70 people with a semi-automatic weapon, was a member of a recognised gun club.
“i would have been happier if the council would have been more ambitious in its report, especially in regard to semi-automatic weapons,” said dimitris avramopoulos, the commissioner for home affairs. a diplomat for one of the member states told afp that there were fears that the compromise came about after pressure was exerted by the gun lobby. “the lobby groups are very active in the parliament,” the source said.
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ctvnews.ca* stæf ə pɪt bʊl ɪz biɪŋ heɪld ɛz ə ˈhɪroʊ baɪ pəˈlis ˈæftər ðə dɔg seɪvd ɪts laɪf ˈdʊrɪŋ ən əˈtæk æt ən ˈɛdməntən hoʊm ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ. pɪt bʊl ʤəmpt ˈɪntu ˈækʃən ˈæftər ə grup əv θri mɛn ənd ə ˈtiˌneɪʤd bɔɪ pʊʃt ðɛr weɪ ˈɪntu ðə əˈpɑrtmənt əv ə ˈfiˌmeɪl ˈvɪktɪm. ʤəmpt tɪ prəˈtɛkt hər ˈoʊnər ˈæftər ðə mɛn əˈlɛʤədli bɪˈkeɪm ˈvaɪələnt. ðə dɔg ˈsəfərd frəm ˈlaɪfθˌrɛtnɪŋ ˈɪnʤəriz ˈæftər ʃi wɑz əˈtækt wɪθ wət pəˈlis dɪˈskraɪb ɛz ə məˈʧɛˌti. ˈɔrdər tɪ seɪv ðə dɔg, ʃi rikˈwaɪərd surgery,”*,” stæf ˈsɑrʤənt. ˈrændi ɪkˈspleɪnd. ɪz ˈkərəntli rɪˈkəvərɪŋ æt ə ˈloʊkəl ˈimərʤənsi vɛt ˈklɪnɪk ɛz ˈloʊkəl pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz pɪʧ ɪn tɪ hɛlp ˈkəvər ðə vɛt bɪl. pəˈlis seɪ ðə əˈtækərz wər əkˈweɪntənsɪz əv ðə ˈvɪktɪm ənd hæv ərˈɛstɪd θri ˈsəˌspɛkts kəˈnɛktɪd tɪ ðə əˈtæk. ɔl θri feɪs ˈsɛvərəl ˈʧɑrʤɪz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ əˈsɔlt ənd ˈkruəlti tɪ ən ˈænəməl. ˈɔfɪsərz ər stɪl ˈsərʧɪŋ fər ə fɔrθ ˈsəˌspɛkt, ˈdɪlən machiskinic*, ənd ərʤ ðə ˈpəblɪk tɪ ˈkɑnˌtækt pəˈlis wɪθ ˈɛni ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ hɪz ˈwɛrəˌbaʊts. wɪθ ə rɪˈpɔrt baɪ bɪl ˈfɔrtjər
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ctvnews.ca staff
a pit bull is being hailed as a hero by police after the dog saved its owner’s life during an attack at an edmonton home on tuesday.
four-year-old pit bull mercey jumped into action after a group of three men and a teenaged boy pushed their way into the apartment of a 30-year-old female victim.
mercey jumped to protect her owner after the men allegedly became violent.
the dog suffered from life-threatening injuries after she was attacked with what police describe as a machete.
“in order to save the dog, she required surgery,” staff sgt. randy wickins explained.
mercey is currently recovering at a local emergency vet clinic as local police officers pitch in to help cover the vet bill.
police say the attackers were acquaintances of the victim and have arrested three suspects connected to the attack. all three face several charges including assault and cruelty to an animal.
officers are still searching for a fourth suspect, 19-year-old dylan machiskinic, and urge the public to contact police with any information regarding his whereabouts.
with a report by ctv edmonton’s bill fortier
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ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, 20 sɛpˈtɛmbər: ˈʤeɪsən ˈhæməl ˈvərsəz. ˈdeɪvɪd praɪs kərɪr ˈnəmbərz ˈhæməl ˈvərsəz. reɪz praɪs ˈvərsəz. oʊz ˌaɪˌpi ˈɪrə slæʃ laɪn (pæst timz) slæʃ laɪn (ˈkɑrənt pleɪərz) ˈʤeɪsən ˈhæməl wɪl meɪk ʤɪst hɪz ˈsɛkənd stɑrt ˈæftər rɪˈtərnɪŋ frəm ðə dl*. hɪz læst stɑrt ɪn tərˈɑntoʊ ˈdɪdənt goʊ soʊ ˈpurli ənd hil bi kɔld ɔn əˈgɛn tɪ hɛlp meɪk əp graʊnd wɪθ ˈtæmpə. ˈpriviəs fɔr ˈaʊtɪŋz ˈvərsəz. ˈtæmpə doʊnt ˌɪnˈspaɪr ə tən əv ˈkɑnfədɛns, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðɛr ˈsɪmələr tɪ hɪz stæts əˈgɛnst tərˈɑntoʊ. sɪks wɔks tɪ tɛn ˈstraɪˌkaʊts ɪn 21 ˈɪnɪŋz noʊ greɪt ʃeɪks, ɛz ɪz ðə 462 ˈnəmbər. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, hɪz ˈnəmbərz æt ðə trop*, hɪz ˈfɔrmər hoʊm pɑrk, ər ˈprɪti ˈsɪmələr tɪ hɪz kərɪr stæts. ʤeɪmz ˈloʊni 996 ɑps, 37 pɑ) həz hɪz ˈnəmbər, ɛz dɪz bɛn ˈzɑbrɪst. ˈɛvən loʊŋˈgɔriə həz ʤɪst wən hɪt ɪn 11 pɑ ˈvərsəz. ˈhæməl. ˈdeɪvɪd praɪs həz ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl kərɪr ˈnəmbərz əˈgɛnst ðə oʊz, ˈivɪn ɪf hi ˈhæzənt bɪn ɛz ʃɑrp ɪn hɪz mɔr ˈrisənt stɑrts. hi straɪks aʊt ˈnɪrli wən pər ˈɪnɪŋ ənd həz əˈlaʊd ʤɪst 6 ˈhoʊmərz ɪn ˈɔlˌmoʊst 100 ˈɪnɪŋz əv wərk. hiz hæd lɛs səkˈsɛs əˈgɛnst ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈlaɪˌnəp (ənd ˈrisəntli). praɪs tɛndz tɪ oʊn nɪk ənd ˈædəm ʤoʊnz, bət mæt həz ə ˈsɑləd 966 ɑps. smɔl ˈsæmpəl, bət boʊθ ˈdæni vəˈlɛnsiə ənd maɪk mɔrs hæv gʊd ˈnəmbərz. mɔrs həz tu ˈɛkstrə beɪs hɪts ɪn ðə sɪks taɪmz hiz feɪst praɪs, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ 1 ˈhoʊmər. ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, 21 sɛpˈtɛmbər: ˈvərsəz. ˈæləks kɑb kərɪr ˈnəmbərz ˈvərsəz. reɪz kɑb ˈvərsəz. oʊz ˌaɪˌpi ˈɪrə slæʃ laɪn (pæst timz) slæʃ laɪn (ˈkɑrənt pleɪərz) gʊd ˌoʊˈleɪ həz ˈlaɪkli feɪst ðə reɪz ˌbiˈfɔr, bət ðɛr ər noʊ noʊn stəˈtɪstɪks. ˈæləks kɑb ɪz wən əv ˈtæmpəz ˈsɛvərəl jəŋ stɑrts ənd hiz ˌɪmˈpruvd ɛz hiz ˈgɔtən ˈoʊldər. hi həz ˈdæzəlɪŋ ˈnəmbərz əˈgɛnst ðə oʊz, əˈlaʊɪŋ lɛs ðən ə 600 ɑps ɪn θri stɑrts. hɪz ɪz ə ˈlɪtəl haɪ frəm ðə 8 wɔks hiz əˈlaʊd ɪn ˈɪnɪŋz, bət hiz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈædɪd 18 ˈstraɪˌkaʊts. hi ˈɔlsoʊ tɛndz tɪ pɪʧ wɛl ɪn hɪz hoʊm pɑrk. noʊ ˈɔriˌoʊl həz riʧt 10 pɑ jɛt, bət mæt dɪz hæv ə ˈhoʊmər ɪn 9 pɑ. kərɪr ˈnəmbərz ˈfɛldmən ˈvərsəz. reɪz ˈhɛlɪksən ˈvərsəz. oʊz ˌaɪˌpi ˈɪrə slæʃ laɪn (pæst timz) slæʃ laɪn (ˈkɑrənt pleɪərz) skɑt ˈfɛldmən həz ˈsɑləd ˈnəmbərz ɪn 11 əˈpɪrənsəz əˈgɛnst ˈtæmpə, bət ðə məˈʤɔrəti hæv bɪn frəm ðə ˈbʊlˌpɛn. hi dɪz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hæv tu ˈsɑləd stɑrts æt ˌtrɑpɪˈkænə fild. hi maɪt feɪs ˈdeɪvɪd dɪˈʤizəs, hu oʊnz ə ɑps ɪn 17 pɑ. hi maɪt ˈɔlsoʊ feɪs luk skɑt ənd bɛn ˈzɑbrɪst, boʊθ əv hum hi həz pɪʧt ˈvɛri əˈgɛnst (ˈzɑbrɪst həz wən ˈsɪŋgəl ɪn 13 trɪps). ˈhɛlɪksən ɪz əˈnəðər əv ˈtæmpəz jəŋ ˈstɑrtərz, bət hiz ˈstrəgəld wɪθ ðə lɔŋ bɔl ðɪs ˈsizən. hiz ˈpoʊstɪŋ hɪz bɛst ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ, bət hiz ɔn peɪs tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə wərst əv hɪz kərɪr. hi dɪz hæv ˈprɪti gʊd ˈnəmbərz əˈgɛnst ðə oʊz (simz tɪ bi ə θim fər ˈtæmpə ˈstɑrtərz), ˌɔlˈðoʊ hiz bɪn homer-prone*. ˈhɛlɪksən ɪz əˈnəðər hu gɪts ˈbɛtər wɪn hi ˈpɪʧɪz æt hoʊm. ˈædəm ʤoʊnz həz ˈteɪkən ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ˈhoʊmər ˈprɑbləm, sˈləgɪŋ 4 ɪn 41 ˈeɪˈbiˈɛs ɑps). krɪs ˈdeɪvɪs həz 2 ɪn 27 ˈeɪˈbiˈɛs, bət həz ə ˈbɛtər ɑps. əˈlɛksi həz nɑt jɛt ˈmænɪʤd ə hɪt ɪn 11 ˈeɪˈbiˈɛs. kərɪr ˈnəmbərz ʧɛn ˈvərsəz. reɪz ˈɑrʧər ˈvərsəz. oʊz ˌaɪˌpi ˈɪrə slæʃ laɪn (pæst timz) slæʃ laɪn (ˈkɑrənt pleɪərz) ʧɛn ɪz ɪn hɪz ˈsɛkənd ˈsizən, bət wɪl ɔˈrɛdi feɪs ðə reɪz fər ən taɪm. ki stæt: 666 ɑps. ðæts pleɪɪŋ wɪθ faɪər raɪt ðɛr. bɛn ˈzɑbrɪst həz greɪt ˈnəmbərz əˈgɛnst ʧɛn, ˈriʧɪŋ beɪs ɪn ˈoʊvər hæf əv hɪz pɑz, bət ʧɛn həz bɪn ˈsɑləd əˈgɛnst ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈlaɪˌnəp. ˈnoʊtəbəl bæts səʧ ɛz ˈdɛzmənd ˈʤɛnɪŋz ənd ˈɛvən loʊŋˈgɔriə hæv bɪn ˈprɪti wɛl ˈsaɪlənst. hiz ˈoʊnli feɪst ðə oʊz twaɪs, bət ˈɑrʧər həz ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd ðə ˈɔriˌoʊl ˈlaɪˌnəp, əˈlaʊɪŋ ʤɪst ə 429 ɑps (ˈivɪn ɪf hɪz ˈrɛkərd ɪz hi həz əˈlaʊd tu ˈhoʊmərz ənd ə ˈnəmbər əv wɔks ɪn ə ʃɔrt spæn, soʊ ðɛr ɪz səm hoʊp. ˈmæni məˈʧɑdoʊ ɪz ənd maɪk mɔrs bət ˈmɛni əv ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈlaɪˌnəp ər hit-less*.
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friday, 20 september: jason hammel vs. david price
career numbers hammel vs. rays
price vs. o's
ip 21.0 98.1 era 5.57 2.65 fip 5.51 2.73 slash line (past teams) .256/.299/.462 .234/.284/.333 slash line (current players) .267/.303/.453 .294/.337/.417
jason hammel will make just his second start after returning from the dl. his last start in toronto didn't go so poorly and he'll be called on again to help make up ground with tampa. hammel's previous four outings vs. tampa don't inspire a ton of confidence, although they're similar to his stats against toronto. six walks to ten strikeouts in 21 innings no great shakes, as is the .462 slg number. additionally, his numbers at the trop, his former home park, are pretty similar to his career stats. james loney (.996 ops, 37 pa) has his number, as does ben zobrist. evan longoria has just one hit in 11 pa vs. hammel.
david price has exceptional career numbers against the o's, even if he hasn't been as sharp in his more recent starts. he strikes out nearly one per inning and has allowed just 6 homers in almost 100 innings of work. he's had less success against the current lineup (and recently). price tends to own nick markakis and adam jones, but matt wieters has a solid .966 ops. small sample, but both danny valencia and mike morse have good numbers. morse has two extra base hits in the six times he's faced price, including 1 homer.
saturday, 21 september: tbd vs. alex cobb
career numbers tbd vs. rays
cobb vs. o's ip - 17.2 era - 2.04 fip - 3.37 slash line (past teams) - .188/.288/.234 slash line (current players) - .196/.297/.250
good ole tbd has likely faced the rays before, but there are no known statistics.
alex cobb is one of tampa's several young starts and he's improved as he's gotten older. he has dazzling numbers against the o's, allowing less than a .600 ops in three starts. his fip is a little high from the 8 walks he's allowed in 17.2 innings, but he's also added 18 strikeouts. he also tends to pitch well in his home park. no oriole has reached 10 pa yet, but matt wieters does have a homer in 9 pa.
career numbers feldman vs. rays
hellickson vs. o's ip 38.0 94.2 era 2.13 3.33 fip 4.03 4.14 slash line (past teams) .183/.288/.244 .228/.279/.383 slash line (current players) .239/.318/.407 .290/.325/.439
scott feldman has solid numbers in 11 appearances against tampa, but the majority have been from the bullpen. he does, however, have two solid starts at tropicana field. he might face david dejesus, who owns a 1.615 ops in 17 pa. he might also face luke scott and ben zobrist, both of whom he has pitched very against (zobrist has one single in 13 trips).
hellickson is another of tampa's young starters, but he's struggled with the long ball this season. he's posting his best so/bb ratio, but he's on pace to allow the worst hr/9 of his career. he does have pretty good numbers against the o's (seems to be a theme for tampa starters), although he's been homer-prone. hellickson is another who gets better when he pitches at home. adam jones has taken advantage of hellickson's homer problem, slugging 4 in 41 abs (1.016 ops). chris davis has 2 in 27 abs, but has a better ops. alexi casilla has not yet managed a hit in 11 abs.
career numbers chen vs. rays
archer vs. o's ip 46.0 10.2
era 2.93 1.69 fip 4.00 6.17 slash line (past teams) .247/.298/.367 .139/.262/.167 slash line (current players) .243/.298/.330 .147/.256/.206
chen is in his second mlb season, but will already face the rays for an 8th time. key stat: .666 ops. that's playing with fire right there. ben zobrist has great numbers against chen, reaching base in over half of his pas, but chen has been solid against the remaining lineup. notable bats such as desmond jennings and evan longoria have been pretty well silenced.
he's only faced the o's twice, but archer has dominated the oriole lineup, allowing just a .429 ops (even if his record is 1-1). he has allowed two homers and a number of walks in a short span, so there is some hope. manny machado is 2-4 and mike morse 2-5, but many of the remaining members of the lineup are hit-less.
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ˈfɔrmər ˈkrɪsʧɪn (screenshot*) ˈfɔrmər əˈmɛrɪkən ənd laɪf ˈæftər heɪt ˈkrɪsʧɪn wɑz ˈdipli dɪˈstərbd baɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ stɑp ə juz. ˈgəvərnmənt ˈproʊˌgræm ðət fɔt ˈvaɪələnt ˌɪkˈstrɛmɪzəm ɪn ɔl fɔrmz frəm ˈtɑrgətɪŋ waɪt suˈprɛməsɪsts. θɪŋk ə mistake,”*,” sɛd, ækˈnɑlɪʤɪŋ ðət praɪər ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃənz hæv ðə θrɛt wɪˈθɪn ɑr oʊn borders.”*.” ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə, hæv ə dəˈmɛstɪk ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ˈɪʃu ðət wi ˈhɑrdli tɔk əˈbaʊt bɪˈkəz soʊ ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə θrɛt ˈkəmɪŋ frəm overseas.”*.” ˈlidər klɑrk ˈmɑrˌtɛl rɪˈkrutɪd tɪ ðə ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ ˈɛriə ˈskɪnˌhɛdz ɪn 1987 wɪn hi wɑz ʤɪst 14 jɪrz oʊld. æt 18 wɑz ˈlidɪŋ ðə grup, wɪθ ˈmɑrˌtɛl ɪn ˈprɪzən. baɪ ðə hi wɑz θru, bət hɪz ˈmɛməriz hɔnt ɪm tɪ ðɪs deɪ. laɪf ˈæftər heɪt ɪn 2009 ə ˌnɑnˈprɔfɪt gɪrd təˈwɔrd ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈpipəl liv heɪt grups. ˈɪmɪʤri əv waɪt səˈprɛməsi həz ʧeɪnʤd ˈoʊvər ðə læst θri decades,”*,” hi ɪkˈspleɪnd. nu ðət wi wər ˈtərnɪŋ mɔr ˈpipəl əˈweɪ ðən wi kʊd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli hæv ɔn ɑr side.”*.” ˌəndərˈstændz waɪ ðiz heɪt grups ər soʊ hɑrd tɪ əˈbændən. ˈnæʃənəlɪsts, ʤɪst laɪk ˈɛni ˈəðər ɪkˈstrimɪst grup, ˈprɑməs paradise,”*,” toʊld vɑks. ˈprɑməs ðət ðə ˈprɑbləmz əv kraɪm ənd ðə ˈprɑbləmz əv genocide’*’ ər goʊɪŋ tɪ goʊ away.”*.” problem,”*,” hi ɪkˈspleɪnd ðət ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi ɪz traɪɪŋ tɪ teɪk [ˈɛniˌθɪŋ] əˈweɪ frəm you.”*.”
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former neo-nazi christian picciolini (screenshot)
former american neo-nazi and life after hate co-founder christian picciolini was deeply disturbed by president trump’s decision to stop a u.s. government program that fought violent extremism in all forms from targeting white supremacists.
“i think that’s a mistake,” picciolini said, acknowledging that prior administrations have “recognized the threat within our own borders.” in trump’s america, “we have a domestic terrorism issue that we hardly talk about because we’re so focused on the threat coming from overseas.”
neo-nazi leader clark martell recruited picciolini to the chicago area skinheads in 1987 when he was just 14 years old. at 18, picciolini was leading the group, with martell in prison. by the mid-’90s he was through, but his memories haunt him to this day.
picciolini co-founded life after hate in 2009, a non-profit geared toward helping people leave hate groups.
“the imagery of white supremacy has changed over the last three decades,” he explained. “we knew that we were turning more people away than we could eventually have on our side.”
picciolini understands why these hate groups are so hard to abandon.
“white nationalists, just like any other extremist group, promise paradise,” picciolini told vox. “they promise that the problems of crime and the problems of ‘white genocide’ are going to go away.”
“the problem,” he explained “is that nobody is trying to take [anything] away from you.”
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ˌbiˈfɔr hju ˈʤæksən wɑz haɪərd ɛz ðə ˈklivlənd braʊnz' hɛd koʊʧ, hi dɪˈskəst ˈʤɑni æt lɛŋθ ɪn ˈmitɪŋz wɪθ ðə timz ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp. ˈʤæksən ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd hi wʊd prɪˈfər ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən muv ɔn frəm ɪf hi tʊk ðə ʤɑb, ənd ˈʤæksən wɑz toʊld baɪ ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp ðət ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðət muv wʊd nɑt bi ə ˈprɑbləm. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈneɪʃən rɪˈpɔrtərz, 31 əv 32 timz wʊd hæv loʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə ræmz wʊd bi ðə ˈoʊnli tim ðət hæd ˈmidiəm ˈɪntəˌrɛst. kən bi riˈlist baɪ ðə braʊnz ɔn ˈfɛbjəˌwɛri. 8 wɪn ðə ˈweɪvər ˈpɪriəd bɪˈgɪnz. hɪrz ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈneɪʃənz teɪk ɔn ðə ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn əˈkrɔs ðə lig: ˈmidiəm st*. luɪs ræmz: ˌbiˈfɔr ðə 2014 ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl dræft, ðə ræmz meɪd noʊ ˈsikrɪt əv ðɛr ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn, ˈwərkɪŋ ɪm aʊt ˈpraɪvətli ənd ˈivɪn dɪˈskəsɪŋ ˈtreɪdɪŋ bæk ˈɪntu ðə fərst raʊnd tɪ əkˈwaɪər ɪm ˌbiˈfɔr hi wɛnt tɪ ˈklivlənd. ˈivɪn ɪn ðə pæst mənθ, koʊʧ ʤɛf ˈfɪʃər sɛd hi stɪl θɪŋks ˈhaɪli əv pəˈtɛnʃəl. baɪ ðə ˈnəmbərz, ðə ræmz hæd ðə wərst kˈwɔrtərˌbæk pərˈdəkʃən ɪn ðə ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ɪn 2015 ðɛr hoʊp ðət nɪk wʊd dɪˈvɛləp ˈɪntu ðə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz kˈwɔrtərˌbæk fər ðə lɔŋ tərm ˈbækˌfaɪərd ənd hi wɑz dɪˈspaɪt ˈsaɪnɪŋ ə ʃɔrt ˈkɑnˌtrækt ɪkˈstɛnʃən ˌbiˈfɔr ˈɛvər pleɪɪŋ ɪn ə geɪm fər ðə tim. ɛz əv naʊ, keɪs ˈkinəm ˈprɑʤɛkts ɛz ðə ˈstɑrtər, ənd ðoʊ hi geɪv ðɛm ə ʧæns tɪ wɪn ɪn ɔl faɪv əv hɪz stɑrts (ˈwɪnɪŋ θri), hiz ˈlɪmɪtɪd. ˈrʊki ʃɔn ˈmænjən ɪz stɪl ɔn ðə ˈrɑstər, bət ðɛrz noʊ ˈtɛlɪŋ wɪn ðə ræmz wɪl vju ɪm ɛz ˈrɛdi tɪ kəmˈpit. ðə nid ɪz ðɛr. ðə ræmz laɪk ənd ðeɪ ˈhævənt ˈhɛzɪˌteɪtɪd tɪ teɪk ˈʧænsɪz ɔn ˈtrəbəld pleɪərz ɪn ðə pæst. ðə ˈoʊnli ˈrizən ðɛr ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ɪm ˈɪzənt ə haɪ ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈmidiəm ɪz ðət ɪts fɛr tɪ ˈwəndər ɪf ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈhɛˌdeɪk brɪŋz tɪ ə tim ðæts ɔˈrɛdi trænˈzɪʃənɪŋ tɪ ə nu ˈsɪti wʊd bi tu məʧ əv ə rɪsk. nɪk ˈwægənər loʊ ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə ˈkɑrdɪnəlz: fərst ɔf, ˈdəzənt fɪt ðə moʊld əv ə brus kˈwɔrtərˌbæk. hiz ʃɔrt ənd ɪz ə run-first*, pleɪər, wɪʧ ˈɪzənt ðə taɪp əv wɔnts. ˈsɛkəndli, ðə ˈkɑrdɪnəlz doʊnt nid ə dɪˈstrækʃən səʧ ɛz ɪn ə kˈwɔrtərˌbæks rum wɪθ ˈkɑrzən ˈpɑmər ənd dru ˈstæntən. ʤɑʃ æˈtlæntə ˈfælkənz: ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ˈfælkənz kʊd juz əˈnəðər ɑrm bɪˈhaɪnd mæt raɪən, ˈwʊdənt bi ðə aɪˈdil ˈkænədɪt. ðə ˈfælkənz nid ˈiðər ən ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈvɛtərən ɑrm ər ən ˈɪnˌkəmɪŋ ˈrʊki ðeɪ kʊd grum. ðeɪ doʊnt nid ə dɪˈstrækʃən, wɪʧ ɪz ʃʊr tɪ bi ˈivɪn ɪf hi klinz əp hɪz ækt ə ˈlɪtəl. pləs, ˈfælkənz əˈfɛnsɪv koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər kaɪl ˈʃænəhæn wɛnt θru ðə ʃoʊ wəns ɔˈrɛdi, læst ˈsizən ɪn ˈklivlənd. vɔn məˈklur ˈbɔltəˌmɔr ˈreɪvənz: ðə ˈreɪvənz hæv ə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ɪn ʤoʊ ənd ðeɪ ɔˈrɛdi əˈdrɛst ðɛr ˈbæˌkəp ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən baɪ ˈsaɪnɪŋ raɪən ˈmælɪt leɪt ɪn ðə 2015 ˈsizən. ðɪs meɪks ɪt ˈvɛri ənˈlaɪkli ðət ˈbɔltəˌmɔr wʊd hæv ˈɛni ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn. ˈæftər ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ɪn ˈmælɪt, waɪ wʊd ðə ˈreɪvənz wɔnt tɪ teɪk ə ʧæns ɔn ə ˈsɛkənd kˈwɔrtərˌbæk wɪθ ə ˈhɪstəri əv bɪˈheɪvjər ˈprɑbləmz? ˈmælɪt ɪz saɪnd θru ðə 2016 ˈsizən, wɪn hi ɪz ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ meɪk ˈmɪljən (pləs ən əˈdɪʃənəl 1 ˈmɪljən ɪf hi pleɪz 10 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈreɪvənz' snæps). ðə ˈreɪvənz ˈtɪpɪkəli doʊnt ˈkɛri θri kˈwɔrtərˌbæks ɔn ðə ˈrɑstər, soʊ ənˈlɛs ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈhæpənz wɪθ ˈmælɪt ðɪs, ðɛr ɪz noʊ nid fər ən əˈdɪʃənəl kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ɪn ˈbɔltəˌmɔr. ˈʤeɪmɪsən ˈhɛnzli ˈbəfəˌloʊ bɪlz: rɛks raɪən həz ʃoʊn ə ˈnɪrli ənˈmæʧt ˈwɪlɪŋnəs tɪ gɪv pleɪərz ˈsɛkənd ˈʧænsɪz, ˈwɛðər ɪts ˈrɪʧi ˌɪnkɔgˈnitoʊ, ər ˈpərsi ˈhɑrvɪn. bət raɪən həz ˈɔlsoʊ lɔŋ ˈkəvətɪd hɪz ˈkɑrənt ˈstɑrtɪŋ kˈwɔrtərˌbæk, ˈteɪlər, ənd ðə bɪlz koʊʧ həz ˈplɛnti ˈraɪdɪŋ ɔn ˈteɪlərz pərˈfɔrməns nɛkst ˈsizən. ˈædɪŋ wʊd kɔz ən ənˈnɛsəˌsɛri dɪˈstrækʃən, ənd ɪf ˈɛvər bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈstɑrtər ɪn ˈbəfəˌloʊ, ɪt wʊd ˈəndərˌmaɪn raɪənz dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ meɪk ˈteɪlər hɪz ˈstɑrtər. maɪk ˈroʊdək ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə ˈpænθərz: ɪf ju kʊd goʊ loʊər ðən loʊ, aɪd seɪ ðət. wən əv ðə kiz tɪ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnəz səkˈsɛs həz bɪn ˈbɪldɪŋ wət ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən laɪks tɪ kɔl ə culture”*” ɪn ðə ˈlɑkər rum. ðə ˈæntɪks əv ˈwʊdənt bi ˈtɑlərˌeɪtəd ər ˈwɔntɪd. pləs ðə ˈpænθərz hæv ˈfrænˌʧaɪz kˈwɔrtərˌbæk kæm ˈnutən taɪd əp lɔŋ tərm. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ˈdɛrɪk ˈændərsən saɪnd fər wən mɔr jɪr, ənd ðeɪ laɪk wət ðeɪv sin aʊt əv ʤoʊ wɛb. ˈdeɪvɪd ˈnutən ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ bɛrz: waɪl ðə aɪˈdiə əv ənd ʤeɪ ˈkətlər ɛz ˈtimˌmeɪts ɪz hɪˈlɛriəs, ðə bɛrz nid ə ˈbæˌkəp kˈwɔrtərˌbæk hu kən ˈæˌkʧuəli pleɪ ɪf ənd wɪn ˈkətlər goʊz daʊn wɪθ ən ˈɪnʤəri. ðə bɛrz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈprɑbəˌbli hæv ˈlɪtəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn əkˈwaɪərɪŋ ə pleɪər wɪθ ə ˈhɪstəri əv biɪŋ səʧ ən dɪˈstrækʃən. ðə bɛrz ər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər gaɪz ɪn ðə weɪk əv ˈfɔrmər dɪˈfɛnsɪv ˈlaɪnmən ˌʤɛrəˈmaɪə ˈmɛltˌdaʊn læst jɪr wɪn hi θˈrɛtənd ˈvaɪələns əˈgɛnst ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən, ənd reɪ məkˈdɑnəldz məˈmɔriəl deɪ ərˈɛst ənd ˈsəbsəkwənt riˈlis. ɪz ə ˈsərkəs. ðə bɛrz ər ˈlaɪkli ˈkɑntɛnt tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ˈdeɪvɪd feɪlz ənd sərʧ fər əˈnəðər kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ˈviə ðə dræft. ʤɛf ˈdɪkərsən ˌsɪnsəˈnæti ˈbɛŋgəlz: wɪθ nuz ðət, waɪl hi wɑz ˈɪntərvˌjuɪŋ tɪ bɪˈkəm ðə braʊnz' hɛd koʊʧ, ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈbɛŋgəlz əˈfɛnsɪv koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər meɪd ə rɪkˈwɛst fər tɪ bi dɛlt əˈweɪ, wʊd ju ˈrɪli θɪŋk hju ˈʤæksənz oʊld tim wʊd wɔnt? ðɛrz ˌæbsəˈlutli noʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn frəm ðə ˈbɛŋgəlz. ˌbiˈsaɪdz, ðeɪ hæv wən əv ðə bɛst ˈbæˌkəp kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz ɪn ðə ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl wɪθ məˈkærən rɪˈlivɪŋ ˈændi ˈdɔltən. məˈkærən ˈnɪrli lɛd ðə ˈbɛŋgəlz tɪ ə wɪn æt ˈdɛnvər, ənd hi ɔl bət hæd ðɛr raʊnd geɪm əˈgɛnst ˈpɪtsbərg ræpt əp læst ˈwiˌkɪnd. ˈkoʊli ˈhɑrvi ˈklivlənd braʊnz: ðə braʊnz dɪd ðɛr tu jɪrz wɪθ ˈʤɑni. ðɛr ˈrɛdi fər əˈnəðər tim tɪ teɪk ɪts tərn. pæt məkˈmænəmən ˈdæləs ˈkaʊˌbɔɪz: weɪt, ˈdəzənt ˈʤɛri ʤoʊnz ləv? doʊnt ðə ˈkaʊˌbɔɪz nid ə ˈbæˌkəp kˈwɔrtərˌbæk? ðə ˈɑrgjəmənts ðət wər meɪd əˈgɛnst ˈsaɪnɪŋ ɪn 2014 ər stɪl ˈvælɪd, ənd ˈdæləs maɪt bi ðə wərst pleɪs fər ɪm tɪ kəm, kənˈsɪdərɪŋ hɪz ˈɪʃuz. ðə ˈpipəl hu wən ðə ˈbætəl ɪn 2014 stɪl wərk fər ðə ˈkaʊˌbɔɪz təˈdeɪ, ənd hɪz pərˈfɔrməns həz nɑt ˈmɪtəˌgeɪtɪd ðə kənˈsərnz. tɑd ˈɑrʧər ˈdɛnvər ˈbrɑŋkoʊz: ðə ˈbrɑŋkoʊz ər ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ɪˈnəf kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ˈɪʃuz wɪˈθaʊt ˈædɪŋ ə ˈprɑʤɛkt səʧ ɛz. ˈpeɪtən ˈmænɪŋz fˈjuʧər ɪz ənˈsərtən ˈæftər ən ˈsizən, bət ˈmænɪŋ ɪz ˈəndər ˈkɑnˌtrækt fər 2016 wɪθ ə ˌstrætəsˈfɪrɪk hɪt əv ˈmɪljən. ðə ˈbrɑŋkoʊz æst ˈmænɪŋ tɪ teɪk ə peɪ kət ˌbiˈfɔr ðɪs pæst ˈsizən 4 ˈmɪljən ənd ɪf hi wər tɪ pleɪ wən mɔr ˈsizən ənd ðə ˈbrɑŋkoʊz ˈwɔntɪd ɪm tɪ du ɪt ɪn ˈdɛnvər, ðə ˈbrɑŋkoʊz wʊd fil laɪk ðeɪ hæv tɪ gɪv ðət ˈkɑnˌtrækt səm əˈtɛnʃən. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ wʊd laɪk tɪ brɑk osweiler*, hu wɑz ɪn hɪz ˈsɛvən stɑrts ɪn rɪˈlif əv ˈmænɪŋ ənd ɪz ən ˌənriˈstrɪktɪd fri ˈeɪʤənt. ʤɛf ˈdiˌtrɔɪt laɪənz: ɪt wʊd bi ˈstənɪŋ tɪ si bɑb kwɪn brɪŋ ɪn, əˈspɛʃəli sɪns kwɪn sɛd æt hɪz fərst nuz ˈkɑnfərəns ðət hi ˈwɔntɪd ðə laɪənz' ˈkəlʧər tɪ wən əv greɪt wərk ˈɛθɪk ənd noʊ ˈigoʊz. wi wɪl kriˈeɪt ə ˈætəˌtud θruaʊt ðə organization.”*.” ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ həz ʃoʊn soʊ fɑr ɪn hɪz tu ˈsizənz ɪn ðə lig həz rən ˈkaʊntər tɪ ðət ˈætəˌtud. pləs, ðə laɪənz hæv ðɛr ˈstɑrtɪŋ kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ɪn ˈmæθju ˈstæfərd. ənd waɪl ɪt ˈwʊdənt hərt tɪ brɪŋ ˈsəmˌwən ɪn tɪ pʊʃ ˈstæfərd, wʊd sim tɪ bi ðə ænˈtɪθəsəs əv ðə gaɪ ðeɪ wʊd wɔnt tɪ hæv ɛz ˈstæfərdz noʊ. 2 əv kɔrs, kwɪn həz noʊ træk ˈrɛkərd tɪ spik əv ɛz ə gm*, soʊ ˈnɛvər seɪ ˈnɛvər, bət ɪt wʊd bi ˈʃɑkɪŋ tɪ si ɪm pʊl ðɪs muv. ˈmaɪkəl ˈrɔθstin grin beɪ ˈpækərz: maɪk məˈkɑrθi ənd tɛd ˈtɑmsən ər ɛz ˈmaɪndfəl əv ðɛr ˈkəlʧər ənd tim ˈkɛmɪstri ɛz ˈɛni ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən ɪn ðə lig. ə pleɪər wɪθ ˈɪʃuz wʊd ˈəpˌsɛt ðət. ɪf ðeɪ hæd ə nid æt kˈwɔrtərˌbæk, wɪʧ ðeɪ doʊnt (ˈivɪn ɪf ðeɪ lɔst skɑt ɪn fri ˈeɪʤənsi, ðɛr haɪ ɔn noʊ. 3 brɛt ˈhəndli), ðɛrz noʊ weɪ ðeɪ wʊd brɪŋ ə dɪˈstræktɪŋ ˈfɪgjər laɪk tɪ grin beɪ. rɑb ˈhjustən ˈtɛksənz: ðə ˈtɛksənz hæd ɪˈnəf ˈdrɑmə æt ðə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk pəˈzɪʃən ɪn 2015 əˈspɛʃəli wɪθ ðɛr ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti tɪ dɪˈpɛnd ɔn ˈmælɪt. ˈmælɪt wɑz riˈlist ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər ˈæftər ˈmɪsɪŋ ə tim flaɪt tɪ ðə ˈtɛksənz' geɪm ɪn maɪˈæmi, əˈməŋ ˈəðər ˈɪʃuz. aɪ doʊnt θɪŋk ðeɪ wʊd bi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ə pleɪər wɪθ ə ˈhɪstəri əv kˈwɛsʧənəbəl dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ. ðeɪ wərənt ðə jɪr hi ˈɛnərd ðə dræft. ˈtɑnjə ˌɪndiəˈnæpəlɪs koʊlts: ˈændru lək ɪz ðə ˈstɑrtər ənd ðə koʊlts prɪˈfər tɪ hæv ə ˈvɛtərən wɪθ ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈbækɪŋ ɪm əp. ðæts waɪ ðeɪ saɪnd ˈvɛtərənz ˈʧɑrli ˈwaɪˌthərst, ʤɑʃ ˈfrimən ənd raɪən ˈlɪndli ˈæftər mæt hasselbeck*, əˈnəðər ˈvɛtərən, gɑt ˈɪnʤərd. ənd ðə koʊlts ər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈsupər boʊlz, nɑt ˈbeɪbiˌsɪtɪŋ ə pleɪər hu kænt sim tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈɪʃuz. maɪk wɛlz ˈʤæksənˌvɪl ˈʤægˌwɑrz: bleɪk ʤɪst keɪm ɔf ə ˈsizən 35 tds*, jɑrdz), ənd ðə ˈʤægˌwɑrz hæv ˈfaɪnəli faʊnd ðə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz ðeɪv bɪn ˈsərʧɪŋ fər sɪns mɑrk ˈbrənəl. noʊ weɪ ðeɪd kənˈsɪdər ɛz' ˈbæˌkəp, ˈiðər. ðə ˈʤægˌwɑrz ər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ʧæd ˈhɛni, ə ˈvɛtərən wɪθ hum həz ə kloʊz riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp. ðə læst θɪŋ ðɪs tim nidz ɪn gəs ˈbrædliz ˈsizən ɪz ə ˈboʊˌtloʊd əv ˈɪʃuz, ənd ðæts wət ju gɪt wɪθ. ˈmaɪkəl dɪˈrɑˌkoʊ ˈkænzəs ˈsɪti ʧifs: ˈæləks smɪθ ɪz ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɛz ˈkænzəs ˈsɪtiz ˈstɑrtɪŋ kˈwɔrtərˌbæk, ənd waɪl ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər ʤɑn ˈdɔrsi ənd koʊʧ ˈændi rid bɪˈliv ɪn ðə nid tɪ dɪˈvɛləp jəŋ ˈpæsərz, ðeɪ ˈwʊdənt bi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ðə dɪˈstrækʃənz ðət ˈsaɪnɪŋ wʊd brɪŋ. ðə ʧifs du ɔˈrɛdi hæv dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛnəl kˈwɔrtərˌbæks ɪn ˈɛrən ˈməri ənd ˈtaɪlər breɪ, bət ðət ˈdəzənt min ðɛr ˈɪzənt rum fər wən mɔr ʤɪst nɑt wən ðət kəmz wɪθ kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈbægɪʤ ˈædəm ˈtaɪkər maɪˈæmi ˈdɑlfənz: waɪl ˌriuˈnaɪtɪŋ ˈfɔrmər ˈtɛksəs kˈwɔrtərˌbæks ənd ˈtimˌmeɪts raɪən ˈtænɪhɪl ənd wʊd bi ˈsəmˈwət ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ, ðə ˈdɑlfənz hæv noʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn. ðeɪ ʤɪst haɪərd ˈædəm geɪz, hu ɪz ðə ˈjəŋgəst hɛd koʊʧ ɪn ðə ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl 37 ðə wərst θɪŋ ðə tim kʊd du ɪz ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli gɪv ɪts ˈrʊki koʊʧ ə juʤ dɪˈstrækʃən. ʤeɪmz ˈwɔkər ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə ˈvaɪkɪŋz: wɑz æt ðə tɔp əv ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz' kˈwɔrtərˌbæk bɔrd wɪθ ˈtɛdi ˈbrɪʤˌwɔtər ˌbiˈfɔr ðə 2014 dræft, ənd koʊʧ maɪk ˈzɪmər sɛd ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz wɪl rɪˈmeɪn ɔn ðə ˈlʊˌkaʊt fər pleɪərz hu kən hɛlp ðɛm æt ðə pəˈzɪʃən. bət ˈbrɪʤˌwɔtər wɪl bi ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz' ˈstɑrtər, ənd ˈzɪmər həz sɛd ɔn ˈsɛvərəl ɔˈkeɪʒənz ðət hi laɪks ðət ˈbrɪʤˌwɔtər həz noʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn biɪŋ ə quarterback.”*.” noʊɪŋ wət wi noʊ əˈbaʊt sɪns hi ˈɛnərd ðə lig, ənd ˈgɪvɪn ˈstætəs ɛz ðə ˈstɑrtər, ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz maɪt nɑt hæv ə tən əv ˈpeɪʃəns wɪθ ənd ɔl ðət kəmz wɪθ ɪm. bɛn nu ˈɪŋglənd ˈpeɪtriəts: ðə ˈpeɪtriəts ər plizd wɪθ tɑm ˈbreɪdi ənd ˈʤɪmi garoppolo*, ənd maɪ sɛns ɪz ðət θruaʊt ðə ˈskaʊtɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs, ðeɪ hæd daʊts ðət kʊd fɪt ɪn tɪ ðɛr ˈkəlʧər. maɪk raɪs nu ˌɔˈrlinz seɪnts: ðə seɪnts wɪl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli nid tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs dru briz, hu tərnz 37 ðɪs wik. bət ðɛr ɔˈrɛdi ˌɪnˈvɛstɪd ɪn wən jəŋ ˈæftər ˈdræftɪŋ ˈgɛrɪt ˈgreɪsən ɪn ðə θərd raʊnd læst jɪr. ənd ɪt wʊd bi səˈpraɪzɪŋ tɪ si ðɛm ˌɪnˈvaɪt ðə ˈpɑsəbəl dɪˈstrækʃənz ðət kʊd kəm wɪθ ˈæftər ðeɪ pleɪst səʧ ən ˈɛmfəsɪs ɔn ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ðə ˈkəlʧər ənd ˈkɛrɪktər ˈoʊvər ðə pæst jɪr. maɪk ˈtrɪplɪt nu jɔrk ʤaɪənts: kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ɪz ðə list əv ðə ʤaɪənts' kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈprɑbləmz, ənd ɪz ɪgˈzæktli ðə taɪp əv ˈsərkəs ʤaɪənts ˈmænɪʤmənt əˈvɔɪdz laɪk ðə pleɪg. aɪ gɛs ju kænt ˈtoʊtəli rul ɪt aʊt ənˈtɪl wi noʊ hu ðə nɛkst ʤaɪənts hɛd koʊʧ ɪz, bət ɪt wʊd bi ˈʃɑkɪŋ tɪ si ðə ʤaɪənts æd ˈsəmˌwən wɪθ ˈɪʃuz tɪ ə kwaɪət kˈwɔrtərˌbæk rum ðət ˌɪnˈkludz ə ˈstɑrtər (ˈilaɪ ˈmænɪŋ) hu ˈnɛvər ˈmɪsɪz ə geɪm ənd ə ˈbæˌkəp (raɪən nassib*) hu ˈnɛvər meɪks ˈɛni weɪvz. dæn grɑtsiˈɑnoʊ nu jɔrk ʤɛts: ðə ʤɛts doʊnt hæv ðə aɪˈdil kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən, bət ðeɪv hæd wərs ə lɔt wərs. ðeɪ hoʊp tɪ raɪən ˌfɪtˈspætrɪk ˌbiˈfɔr ðə stɑrt əv fri ˈeɪʤənsi. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ˈʤinoʊ smɪθ (saɪnd θru 2016 ənd braɪs ˈpɛˌti ɪn ˈbæˌkəp roʊlz. ɪf ðeɪ æd ə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk, ɪt wʊd bi ɪn ðə dræft. ðeɪ doʊnt wɔnt tɪ dil wɪθ ðə ˈsərkəs. tɑd boʊlz pʊt ə lɔt əv hɑrd wərk ˈɪntu ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈkɛmɪstri ənd hi ˈdəzənt wɔnt tɪ ɛnˈdeɪnʤər ɪt baɪ ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ɪn ə ˈprɑbləm ʧaɪld. rɪʧ ʧiˈmini ˈoʊklənd ˈreɪdərz: ðə ˈreɪdərz hæv tərnd ə ˈkɔrnər ənd bɪˈkəm mɔr rɪˈspɛktəbəl ɛz ə ˈfʊtˌbɔl tim ənd, jɛs, ðeɪ ɔˈrɛdi hæv ðɛr ˈfrænˌʧaɪz kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ɪn ˈdɛrɪk kɑr, hu wɑz ə kəmˈpliʃən əˈweɪ frəm ə ˈpæsɪŋ ˈsizən ənd hu ˈɔlsoʊ tɔst 32 ˈtəʧˌdaʊn ˈpæsɪz. ˈdrɑmə həz bɪˈkəm passé*é ɪn ˈoʊklənd, ənˈlɛs jʊr ˈtɔkɪŋ ˈsteɪdiəm ˈɪʃuz, ənd ˈʤɑni ˈfʊtˌbɔl wʊd brɪŋ ˈnəθɪŋ bət ˈdrɑmə tɪ ðə ist beɪ. pɔl guˈtjɛrɛz ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə ˈigəlz: ɪts hɑrd tɪ geɪʤ ðə ˈigəlz' ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈɛniˌwən æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt. θɪŋz wɪl sim ˈklɪrər wəns ðeɪ ˈsɛtəl ɔn ə nu hɛd koʊʧ. ɪf ʧɪp ˈkɛli wər stɪl ɪn ðət sit, hi maɪt bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ˈoʊvərˌlʊk ˈɪʃuz tɪ teɪk ə ʧæns ɔn ðə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk. bət wɪθ ˈkɛli gɔn, ðə ˈigəlz əˈpɪr ˈhɛdɪd təˈwɔrd ə mɔr trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈsɛˌtəp. ˈkɛrɪktər rɪsks ər nɑt ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi ˈwɛlkəm. fɪl ˈʃɛrɪdən ˈpɪtsbərg ˈstilərz: ðə ˈstilərz doʊnt laɪk ˈhɛˌdeɪks. ˌɪnˈdusɪz ðɛm wɪˈθaʊt biɪŋ ˈtæləntɪd ɪˈnəf tɪ ˈɔfˌsɛt ðɛm. bɛn həz ˈstɑrtɪd 169 kərɪr geɪmz ənd hil ˈprɑbəˌbli goʊ æt list 80 mɔr. ðə ˈstilərz laɪk ˈlændri jones’*’ dɪˈvɛləpmənt dɪˈspaɪt hɪz əˈnivən pərˈfɔrmənsɪz ɔn ðə fild. hiz ən ˈædəkˌweɪt ˈbæˌkəp. ənd ðə ˈstilərz hæv ə gʊd faɪv jɪrz tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ə plæn, wɪʧ wɪl bi ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd θru ðə dræft. ˈʤɛrəˌmi ˈfaʊlər sæn diˈeɪgoʊ ˈʧɑrʤərz: ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz ʤɪst saɪnd ˈfɪlɪp ˈrɪvərz tɪ ə ˌfɔˈrjɪr, 83 ˈmɪljən ˈkɑnˌtrækt ɪkˈstɛnʃən læst jɪr. ˈrɪvərz ɪz ˈoʊnli 34 ənd stɪl həz ˈplɛnti əv gʊd jɪrz əˈhɛd. ˈɔlsoʊ ɪz nɑt ə fɪt fər sæn ˌdiˈeɪˌgoʊz skim, wɪʧ rɪˈlaɪz ɔn ə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk dɪˈrɛktɪŋ θɪŋz æt ðə laɪn əv ˈskrɪmɪʤ ənd pleɪɪŋ frəm ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə ˈpɑkət. ˈɛrɪk di. ˈwɪljəmz sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ 49ers*: ðə ˈnaɪnərz hæv mɔr ˈprɛsɪŋ nidz, səʧ ɛz hu ðɛr koʊʧ ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ɪn 2016 ənd waɪl ðeɪ hæv θri ˈəndər ˈkɑnˌtrækt fər nɛkst ˈsizən ˈkoʊlɪn kaepernick*, bleɪn ˈgæbərt ənd ˈdɪlən ˈtɑmsən ðə nu koʊʧ wɪl hæv ə ˈmeɪʤər seɪ ɪn huz ˈəndər ˈsɛnər. pləs, ðɪs ˈfrænˌʧaɪz həz hæd ɪˈnəf ˈdrɑmə ɪn ðə pæst fju mənθs ənd wɪˈθaʊt ˈædɪŋ ðə laɪks əv ˈʤɑni ˈfʊtˌbɔl. pɔl guˈtjɛrɛz siˈætəl ˈsiˌhɔks: pit ˈkɛrəl hæd ə lɔt əv ˈpɑzətɪv θɪŋz tɪ seɪ əˈbaʊt ˌbiˈfɔr ənd ˈæftər ðə ˈsiˌhɔks pleɪd ðə braʊnz ðɪs jɪr. hi əˈspɛʃəli laɪkt ðə weɪ wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ baɪ taɪm wɪθ hɪz lɛgz ənd ˌɪmprəˈvaɪz, ə kˈwɑləti ðət həz hɛlpt ˈrəsəl ˈwɪlsən ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz. bət ˈwɪlsən ɪz ðə ənkˈwɛsʧənd gaɪ ɪn siˈætəl ənd wɪl bi fər jɪrz tɪ kəm. ðə ˈsiˌhɔks maɪt nɑt maɪnd ˈteɪkɪŋ ɔn ɛz ə ˈbæˌkəp, bət waɪ wʊd wɔnt tɪ goʊ tɪ ə pleɪs wɛr hi həz noʊ ʧæns tɪ stɑrt? ðɛrz ʤɪst nɑt məʧ ˈəpˈsaɪd tɪ ə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp fər ˈiðər saɪd. ʃaɪl ˈtæmpə beɪ ˌbəkəˈnirz: ˈwɪnstən ʤɪst pʊt təˈgɛðər wən əv ðə bɛst ˈsizənz baɪ ə ˈrʊki kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ɔn ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈhɪstəri. hi ʤɔɪnd lək ənd ˈnutən ɛz ðə ˈoʊnli ˈrʊki tɪ θroʊ fər mɔr ðən jɑrdz. ðə bəks vju ˈwɪnstən ɛz ə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ənd ər ˈbɪldɪŋ əraʊnd ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈhaɪsmən ˈtroʊfi ˈwɪnər. ðɛrz noʊ pleɪs fər ɪn ˈtæmpə. ˈmaɪkəl dɪˈrɑˌkoʊ ˌtɛnəˈsi ˈtaɪtənz: wi doʊnt noʊ hu wɪl bi ˈkoʊʧɪŋ ðə ˈtaɪtənz ənd hu wɪl bi ˈpisɪŋ təˈgɛðər ðə ˈrɑstər, soʊ ɪts hɑrd tɪ bi ˈsərtən. bət ðə ɑdz nu gaɪz ɪn ðoʊz roʊlz wʊd wɔnt ˈɪʃuz ənd ˈdrɑmə bɪˈhaɪnd ðə kɑm, kəmˈpoʊzd ənd prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈmɑrkəs meɪk ɪt əˈpɪr ˈhaɪli ənˈlaɪkli. pɔl ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈrɛdˌskɪnz: ðɛr ˈfoʊkɪs wɪl bi ɔn kˈwɔrtərˌbæk kərk ˈkəzənz, hu dɪˈrɛktɪd ə ˈsɑləd əˈfɛns ɪn hɪz fərst fʊl ˈsizən ɛz ə ˈstɑrtər. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ wʊd laɪk tɪ ˈbæˌkəp kˈwɔrtərˌbæk koʊlt məˈkɔɪ, ðoʊ ðət wɪl dɪˈpɛnd ɔn hɪz ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn rɪˈtərnɪŋ. ðɛrz ə gʊd ʧæns ðə ˈrɛdˌskɪnz wɪl ˈkɛri ˈoʊnli tu kˈwɔrtərˌbæks nɛkst ˈsizən. bət ðɛrz əˈnəðər ˈfæktər tɪ kənˈsɪdər: ðə ˈrɛdˌskɪnz wɪl sun bi ˈgɪtɪŋ aʊt əv ə ˈmɛrɪʤ tɪ ˈrɑbərt ˈgrɪfɪn iii*, əˈnəðər ˌhaɪˈproʊfaɪl kˈwɔrtərˌbæk hu kriˈeɪtɪd ˈdrɑmə, səm əv ɪt hɪz oʊn duɪŋ ənd ə lɔt əv ɪt bɪˈkəz əv ˈmidiə ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ɪm. bət ðə læst θɪŋ ðeɪd wɔnt tɪ du ɪz saɪn ˈsəmˌwən hu həz ðə boʊθ ðə ˈɪʃuz əv ə ənd ðə haɪ ˈproʊˌfaɪl əv ə ˈgrɪfɪn. ðə ˈrɛdˌskɪnz pleɪərz laɪkt haʊ ðɛr ˈsizən wɑz ənd ðət pleɪd ə roʊl ɪn əˈlaʊɪŋ ðɛm tɪ muv ˈfɔrwərd. ˈsaɪnɪŋ ə gaɪ laɪk, ˈivɪn ɛz ə ˈbæˌkəp, wʊd nɑt meɪk ˈɛni sɛns. ʤɑn kim
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before hue jackson was hired as the cleveland browns' head coach, he discussed johnny manziel at length in meetings with the team's ownership. jackson indicated he would prefer the organization move on from manziel if he took the job, and jackson was told by ownership that making that move would not be a problem.
according to espn.com's nfl nation reporters, 31 of 32 teams would have low interest in manziel -- the rams would be the only team that had medium interest. manziel can be released by the browns on feb. 8, when the waiver period begins.
here's nfl nation's take on the interest in manziel across the league:
medium
st. louis rams: before the 2014 nfl draft, the rams made no secret of their interest in manziel, working him out privately and even discussing trading back into the first round to acquire him before he went to cleveland. even in the past month, coach jeff fisher said he still thinks highly of manziel's potential. by the numbers, the rams had the worst quarterback production in the nfl in 2015. their hope that nick foles would develop into the franchise quarterback for the long term backfired and he was benched despite signing a short contract extension before ever playing in a game for the team. as of now, case keenum projects as the starter, and though he gave them a chance to win in all five of his starts (winning three), he's limited. rookie sean mannion is still on the roster, but there's no telling when the rams will view him as ready to compete. the need is there. the rams like manziel and they haven't hesitated to take chances on troubled players in the past. the only reason their interest in him isn't a high instead of medium is that it's fair to wonder if the potential headache manziel brings to a team that's already transitioning to a new city would be too much of a risk. -- nick wagoner
low
arizona cardinals: first off, manziel doesn't fit the mold of a bruce arians quarterback. he's short and is a run-first, pass-second player, which isn't the type of qb arians wants. secondly, the cardinals don't need a distraction such as manziel in a quarterbacks room with carson palmer and drew stanton. -- josh weinfuss
atlanta falcons: although the falcons could use another arm behind matt ryan, manziel wouldn't be the ideal candidate. the falcons need either an established veteran arm or an incoming rookie they could groom. they don't need a distraction, which manziel is sure to be even if he cleans up his act a little. plus, falcons offensive coordinator kyle shanahan went through the manziel show once already, last season in cleveland. -- vaughn mcclure
baltimore ravens: the ravens have a franchise quarterback in joe flacco and they already addressed their backup situation by signing ryan mallett late in the 2015 season. this makes it very unlikely that baltimore would have any interest in manziel. after bringing in mallett, why would the ravens want to take a chance on a second quarterback with a history of behavior problems? mallett is signed through the 2016 season, when he is scheduled to make $1.5 million (plus an additional $1 million if he plays 10 percent of the ravens' snaps). the ravens typically don't carry three quarterbacks on the 53-man roster, so unless something happens with mallett this offseason, there is no need for an additional quarterback in baltimore. -- jamison hensley
buffalo bills: rex ryan has shown a nearly unmatched willingness to give players second chances, whether it's richie incognito, ik enemkpali or percy harvin. but ryan has also long coveted his current starting quarterback, tyrod taylor, and the bills coach has plenty riding on taylor's performance next season. adding manziel would cause an unnecessary distraction, and if manziel ever became the starter in buffalo, it would undermine ryan's decision to make taylor his starter. -- mike rodak
carolina panthers: if you could go lower than low, i'd say that. one of the keys to carolina's success has been building what the organization likes to call a “strong culture” in the locker room. the off-the-field antics of manziel wouldn't be tolerated or wanted. plus the panthers have franchise quarterback cam newton tied up long term. they also have derek anderson signed for one more year, and they like what they've seen out of third-stringer joe webb. -- david newton
chicago bears: while the idea of manziel and jay cutler co-existing as teammates is hilarious, the bears need a backup quarterback who can actually play if and when cutler goes down with an injury. the bears also probably have little interest in acquiring a player with a history of being such an off-the-field distraction. the bears are looking for high-character guys in the wake of former defensive lineman jeremiah ratliff’s meltdown last year when he threatened violence against members of the organization, and ray mcdonald's memorial day arrest and subsequent release. manziel is a circus. the bears are likely content to develop david fales and search for another quarterback via the draft. -- jeff dickerson
cincinnati bengals: with news that, while he was interviewing to become the browns' head coach, the former bengals offensive coordinator made a request for manziel to be dealt away, would you really think hue jackson's old team would want manziel? there's absolutely no interest in manziel from the bengals. besides, they have one of the best backup quarterback situations in the nfl with aj mccarron relieving andy dalton. mccarron nearly led the bengals to a prime-time win at denver, and he all but had their wild-card round game against pittsburgh wrapped up last weekend. -- coley harvey
cleveland browns: the browns did their two years with johnny manziel. they're ready for another team to take its turn. -- pat mcmanamon
dallas cowboys: wait, doesn't jerry jones love manziel? don't the cowboys need a backup quarterback? the arguments that were made against signing manziel in 2014 are still valid, and dallas might be the worst place for him to come, considering his off-field issues. the people who won the manziel battle in 2014 still work for the cowboys today, and his on-field performance has not mitigated the off-field concerns. -- todd archer
denver broncos: the broncos are dealing with enough quarterback issues without adding a project such as manziel. peyton manning's future is uncertain after an injury-marred season, but manning is under contract for 2016 with a stratospheric salary-cap hit of $21.5 million. the broncos asked manning to take a pay cut before this past season -- $4 million -- and if he were to play one more season and the broncos wanted him to do it in denver, the broncos would feel like they have to give that contract some attention. they also would like to re-sign brock osweiler, who was 5-2 in his seven starts in relief of manning and is an unrestricted free agent. -- jeff legwold
detroit lions: it would be stunning to see bob quinn bring in manziel, especially since quinn said at his first news conference that he wanted the lions' culture to “be one of great work ethic and no egos. we will create a working-class attitude throughout the organization.” everything manziel has shown so far in his two seasons in the league has run counter to that attitude. plus, the lions have their starting quarterback in matthew stafford. and while it wouldn't hurt to bring someone in to push stafford, manziel would seem to be the antithesis of the guy they would want to have as stafford's no. 2. of course, quinn has no track record to speak of as a gm, so never say never, but it would be shocking to see him pull this move. -- michael rothstein
green bay packers: mike mccarthy and ted thompson are as mindful of their locker-room culture and team chemistry as any coach-gm combination in the league. a player with manziel's off-the-field issues would upset that. if they had a need at quarterback, which they don't (even if they lost scott tolzien in free agency, they're high on no. 3 brett hundley), there's no way they would bring a distracting figure like manziel to green bay. -- rob demovsky
houston texans: the texans had enough drama at the quarterback position in 2015, especially with their inability to depend on mallett. mallett was released in october after missing a team flight to the texans' game in miami, among other issues. i don't think they would be interested in a player with a history of questionable decision-making. they weren't the year he entered the draft. -- tania ganguli
indianapolis colts: andrew luck is the starter and the colts prefer to have a veteran with experience backing him up. that's why they signed veterans charlie whitehurst, josh freeman and ryan lindley after matt hasselbeck, another veteran, got injured. and the colts are interested in winning super bowls, not babysitting a player who can't seem to avoid off-the-field issues. -- mike wells
jacksonville jaguars: blake bortles just came off a record-setting season (35 tds, 4,428 yards), and the jaguars have finally found the franchise qb they've been searching for since mark brunell. no way they'd consider manziel as bortles' backup, either. the jaguars are interested in re-signing chad henne, a veteran with whom bortles has a close relationship. the last thing this team needs in gus bradley's make-or-break season is a boatload of off-the-field issues, and that's what you get with manziel. -- michael dirocco
kansas city chiefs: alex smith is established as kansas city's starting quarterback, and while general manager john dorsey and coach andy reid believe in the need to develop young passers, they wouldn't be interested in the distractions that signing manziel would bring. the chiefs do already have developmental quarterbacks in aaron murray and tyler bray, but that doesn't mean there isn't room for one more -- just not one that comes with manziel's considerable baggage -- adam teicher
miami dolphins: while reuniting former texas a&m quarterbacks and teammates ryan tannehill and manziel would be somewhat interesting, the dolphins have no interest in manziel. they just hired adam gase, who is the youngest head coach in the nfl (37). the worst thing the team could do is immediately give its rookie coach a huge distraction. -- james walker
minnesota vikings: manziel was at the top of the vikings' quarterback board with teddy bridgewater before the 2014 draft, and coach mike zimmer said on tuesday the vikings will remain on the lookout for players who can help them at the qb position. but bridgewater will be the vikings' starter, and zimmer has said on several occasions that he likes that bridgewater has no interest in being a “celebrity quarterback.” knowing what we know about manziel since he entered the league, and given bridgewater's status as the starter, the vikings might not have a ton of patience with manziel and all that comes with him. -- ben goessling
new england patriots: the patriots are pleased with tom brady and jimmy garoppolo, and my sense is that throughout the scouting process, they had doubts that manziel could fit in to their hard-driving culture. -- mike reiss
new orleans saints: the saints will eventually need to replace drew brees, who turns 37 this week. but they're already invested in one young qb after drafting garrett grayson in the third round last year. and it would be surprising to see them invite the possible distractions that could come with manziel after they placed such an emphasis on improving the locker-room culture and character over the past year. -- mike triplett
new york giants: quarterback is the least of the giants' considerable problems, and manziel is exactly the type of off-field circus giants management avoids like the plague. i guess you can't totally rule it out until we know who the next giants head coach is, but it would be shocking to see the giants add someone with manziel's issues to a quiet quarterback room that includes a starter (eli manning) who never misses a game and a backup (ryan nassib) who never makes any waves. -- dan graziano
new york jets: the jets don't have the ideal quarterback situation, but they've had worse -- a lot worse. they hope to re-sign ryan fitzpatrick before the start of free agency. they also have geno smith (signed through 2016) and bryce petty in backup roles. if they add a quarterback, it would be in the draft. they don't want to deal with the manziel circus. todd bowles put a lot of hard work into building locker-room chemistry and he doesn't want to endanger it by bringing in a problem child. -- rich cimini
oakland raiders: the raiders have turned a corner and become more respectable as a football team and, yes, they already have their franchise quarterback in derek carr, who was a 13-yard completion away from a 4,000-yard passing season and who also tossed 32 touchdown passes. drama has become passé in oakland, unless you're talking stadium issues, and johnny football would bring nothing but drama to the east bay. -- paul gutierrez
philadelphia eagles: it's hard to gauge the eagles' interest in anyone at the moment. things will seem clearer once they settle on a new head coach. if chip kelly were still in that seat, he might be willing to overlook manziel's off-the-field issues to take a chance on the quarterback. but with kelly gone, the eagles appear headed toward a more traditional nfl setup. character risks are not likely to be welcome. -- phil sheridan
pittsburgh steelers: the steelers don't like headaches. manziel induces them without being talented enough to offset them. ben roethlisberger has started 169 career games and he'll probably go at least 80 more. the steelers like landry jones’ development despite his uneven performances on the field. he's an adequate backup. and the steelers have a good five years to develop a post-roethlisberger plan, which will be executed through the draft. -- jeremy fowler
san diego chargers: the chargers just signed philip rivers to a four-year, $83 million contract extension last year. rivers is only 34 and still has plenty of good years ahead. manziel also is not a fit for san diego's scheme, which relies on a quarterback directing things at the line of scrimmage and playing from inside the pocket. -- eric d. williams
san francisco 49ers: the niners have more pressing needs, such as who their coach is going to be in 2016. and while they have three qbs under contract for next season -- colin kaepernick, blaine gabbert and dylan thompson -- the new coach will have a major say in who's under center. plus, this franchise has had enough drama in the past few months and yars without adding the likes of johnny football. -- paul gutierrez
seattle seahawks: pete carroll had a lot of positive things to say about manziel before and after the seahawks played the browns this year. he especially liked the way manziel was able to buy time with his legs and improvise, a quality that has helped russell wilson over the years. but wilson is the unquestioned guy in seattle and will be for years to come. the seahawks might not mind taking manziel on as a backup, but why would manziel want to go to a place where he has no chance to start? there's just not much upside to a seahawks-manziel relationship for either side. -- sheil kapadia
tampa bay buccaneers: jameis winston just put together one of the best seasons by a rookie quarterback on nfl history. he joined luck and newton as the only rookie qbs to throw for more than 4,000 yards. the bucs view winston as a franchise quarterback and are building around the former heisman trophy winner. there's no place for manziel in tampa. -- michael dirocco
tennessee titans: we don't know who will be coaching the titans and who will be piecing together the roster, so it's hard to be certain. but the odds new guys in those roles would want manziel's issues and drama behind the calm, composed and professional marcus mariota make it appear highly unlikely. -- paul kuharsky
washington redskins: their offseason focus will be on re-signing free-agent quarterback kirk cousins, who directed a solid offense in his first full season as a starter. they also would like to re-sign backup quarterback colt mccoy, though that will depend on his interest in returning. there's a good chance the redskins will carry only two quarterbacks next season. but there's another factor to consider: the redskins will soon be getting out of a marriage to robert griffin iii, another high-profile quarterback who created drama, some of it his own doing and a lot of it because of media interest in him. but the last thing they'd want to do is sign someone who has the both the off-field issues of a manziel and the high profile of a griffin. the redskins players liked how drama-free their season was and that played a role in allowing them to move forward. signing a guy like manziel, even as a backup, would not make any sense. -- john keim
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ˈərli ˈfɪtnəs prɪˈzərvz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ skɪlz 25 jɪrz ˈleɪtər ˈivɪn ɪf ju ər ɔˈrɛdi ɪn ˈmɪdəl eɪʤ ər ˈleɪtər, ðə ˈstədi həz səm gʊd nuz. jəŋ ˈædəlts hu ər ɪn gʊd ˈfɪzɪkəl ʃeɪp pərˈfɔrmd ˈbɛtər ɪn ˈkɑgnɪtɪv tɛsts 25 jɪrz ˈleɪtər, ə nu ˈstədi faɪndz. ðə ˈstədi, ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈʤərnəl nʊˈrɑləʤi, ˈɔlsoʊ faʊnd ðət ˈivɪn ɪf ju gɪt tu məʧ ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ɪn jʊr juθ, ˈnɛvər tu leɪt tɪ stɑrt, ɛz ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts kən stɪl bi sin ˈleɪtər ɔn. wən əv ðə ˈɔθərz, ˈdeɪvɪd ɑr. ˈʤeɪkəbz, sɛd: ˈstədiz ʃoʊ ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts tɪ ðə breɪn əv gʊd hɑrt hɛlθ. ɪz wən mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈstədi ðət ʃʊd riˈmaɪnd jəŋ ˈædəlts əv ðə breɪn hɛlθ ˈbɛnəfɪts əv ˈkɑrdioʊ ˈfɪtnəs ækˈtɪvɪtiz səʧ ɛz ˈrənɪŋ, sˈwɪmɪŋ, ˈbaɪkɪŋ ər ˈkɑrdioʊ ˈfɪtnəs classes.”*.” ɪn ðə ˈstədi, ˈpipəl, huz ˈævərɪʤ eɪʤ wɑz 25 dɪd ə ˈtrɛdˌmɪl tɛst wɪʧ ˈmɛʒərd ðɛr ˈfɪtnəs (ʒu ɛt æl., 2014 ðɪs ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ðɛm ˈrənɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈtrɛdˌmɪl waɪl ðə spid ənd ˌɪnˈklaɪn ˌɪnˈkrist, ənˈtɪl ðeɪ hæd tɪ stɑp. tˈwɛntiˌfaɪv jɪrz ˈleɪtər ðeɪ wər ˈgɪvɪn tɛsts əv dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ, ˈvərbəl ˈmɛməri ənd ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp bɪtˈwin ðɛr ˈθɪŋkɪŋ skɪlz ənd ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈækʃənz. ðə rɪˈzəlts ʃoʊd ðət fər iʧ ˈɛkstrə ˈmɪnət ðeɪ kʊd steɪ ɔn ðə ˈtrɛdˌmɪl æt əraʊnd 25-years-old*, wɪn ðeɪ riʧt bɪtˈwin 43 tɪ 54-years-of-age*, ðeɪ kʊd: ˈriˌkɔl mɔr wərdz ɔn ə ˈmɛməri tɛst, ˌriˈpleɪs mɔr ˈnəmbərz wɪθ ˈsɪmbəlz ɪn ə tɛst. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðiz ˈnəmbərz maɪt nɑt sim ˈstraɪkɪŋ, ˈʤeɪkəbz sɛd: ˈʧeɪnʤɪz wər sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt, ənd waɪl ðeɪ meɪ bi ˈmɑdəst, ðeɪ wər ˈlɑrʤər ðən ðə ˈifɛkt frəm wən jɪr əv ˈeɪʤɪŋ. ˈəðər ˈstədiz ɪn ˈoʊldər ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz hæv ʃoʊn ðət ðiz tɛsts ər əˈməŋ ðə ˈstrɔŋgəst prɪˈdɪktərz əv dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ dɪˈmɛnʃiə ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər. wən ˈstədi ʃoʊd ðət ˈɛvəri əˈdɪʃənəl wərd rɪˈmɛmbərd ɔn ðə ˈmɛməri tɛst wɑz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ən ˈdiˌkris ɪn ðə rɪsk əv dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ dɪˈmɛnʃiə ˈæftər 10 years.”*.” ˈivɪn ɪf ju ər ɔˈrɛdi ɪn ˈmɪdəl eɪʤ ər ˈleɪtər, ðə ˈstədi həz səm gʊd nuz. ðoʊz hu hæd ˈmænɪʤd tɪ bust ðɛr ˈfɪtnəs ˈlɛvəlz ˈoʊvər ðə 25 jɪrz ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ˌɪnˈkrist ˈkɑgnɪtɪv pərˈfɔrməns. ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkrɛdɪt: tɑm ˈwɪgli
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early fitness preserves thinking skills 25 years later
even if you are already in middle age or later, the study has some good news.
young adults who are in good physical shape performed better in cognitive tests 25 years later, a new study finds.
the study, published in the journal neurology, also found that even if you didn’t get too much exercise in your youth, it’s never too late to start, as the benefits can still be seen later on.
one of the study’s authors, david r. jacobs, said:
“many studies show the benefits to the brain of good heart health. “this is one more important study that should remind young adults of the brain health benefits of cardio fitness activities such as running, swimming, biking or cardio fitness classes.”
in the study, 2,747 people, whose average age was 25, did a treadmill test which measured their cardiorespiratory fitness (zhu et al., 2014).
this involved them running on the treadmill while the speed and incline increased, until they had to stop.
twenty-five years later they were given tests of decision-making, verbal memory and the relationship between their thinking skills and physical actions.
the results showed that for each extra minute they could stay on the treadmill at around 25-years-old, when they reached between 43 to 54-years-of-age, they could:
recall 0.12 more words on a memory test,
replace 0.92 more numbers with symbols in a psychomotor test.
although these numbers might not seem striking, jacobs said:
“these changes were significant, and while they may be modest, they were larger than the effect from one year of aging. other studies in older individuals have shown that these tests are among the strongest predictors of developing dementia in the future. one study showed that every additional word remembered on the memory test was associated with an 18-percent decrease in the risk of developing dementia after 10 years.”
even if you are already in middle age or later, the study has some good news.
those who had managed to boost their fitness levels over the 25 years also enjoyed increased cognitive performance.
image credit: tom wigley
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ˈfɔrmər haʊs ˈspikər nut ˈgɪŋgrɪʧ ɪz ˈgɪvɪŋ əp ɔn ˈgɪtɪŋ hɪz neɪm ɔn ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈbælət ɪn vərˈʤɪnjə nɛkst mənθ. kæmˈpeɪn faɪld ˈpeɪpərˌwərk wɪθ ðə juz. kɔrt əv əˈpilz fər ðə fɔrθ ˈsərkət ɪn ˈrɪʧmənd. ə ˈfɛdərəl ʤəʤ dɪˈnaɪd ə rɪkˈwɛst læst mənθ tɪ æd ˈgɪŋgrɪʧ ənd ˈəðər ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈkænədɪts tɪ ðə ˈbælət. juz. ˈdɪstrɪkt ʤəʤ ʤɑn ə. ˈʤɪbni jr*. ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ðət hi θɔt ə prəˈvɪʒən rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ˈkænədɪts tɪ ˈoʊnli juz steɪt ˈrɛzɪdənts tɪ ˈgæðər ˈsɪgnəʧərz wɑz ˌənˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl, bət nən əv ðə ˈkænədɪts hæd kəˈlɛktəd ðə rikˈwaɪərd ˈsɪgnəʧərz rəˈgɑrdləs. ðə əˈpɛˌleɪt kɔrt ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈnaɪd əˈpilz tɪ æd neɪmz tɪ ðə mɑrʧ 6 ˈsupər ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˈbælət. bət ˈgɪŋgrɪʧ kʊd hæv əˈpild ˈfərðər, ˈæskɪŋ ɔl ˈʤəʤɪz tɪ ˌrivˈju ðə keɪs ər ðə juz. səˈprim kɔrt. ˈtɛksəs gəv. rɪk ˈpɛri, ˈfɔrmər ˈsɛnətər rɪk sænˈtɔrəm (pɑ.), ˈgɪŋgrɪʧ (ˈʤɔrʤə.) ənd ˈfɔrmər ˈjuˌtɔ ˈgəvərnər ʤɑn ˈhəntsmən feɪld tɪ kˈwɑləˌfaɪ fər ðə vərˈʤɪnjə ˈbælət, ənd faɪld ə ˈlɔˌsut əˈgɛnst ðə steɪt bɔrd əv ɪˈlɛkʃənz ənd ðə steɪt tɪ ˈʧælənʤ ðə kˌwɑləfəˈkeɪʃən rulz. ˈoʊnli ˈfɔrmər ˌmæsəˈʧusəts ˈgəvərnər mɪt ˈrɑmni ənd rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. rɑn pɔl (tɛks.) kˈwɑləˌfaɪd. rulz ər kənˈsɪdərd ðə ˈtəfəst ɪn ðə ˈneɪʃən. ˈkænədɪts məst kəˈlɛkt ˈsɪgnəʧərz, wɪθ æt list 400 frəm iʧ əv ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈdɪstrɪkts. kæmˈpeɪn toʊld steɪt əˈfɪʃəlz ðət ɪt hæd səbˈmɪtəd ˈsɪgnəʧərz. bət ə ˈrɪʧmənd ˈɛriə fərm haɪərd tɪ kəˈlɛkt ðɛm tərnd ɪn ˈsɪgnəʧərz ðət əˈpɪrd tɪ bi saɪnd baɪ ðə seɪm ˈpərsən. ðə haʊs əv ˈdɛləˌgeɪts pæst ə bɪl læst wik ðət wʊd əˈlaʊ ˈvoʊtərz tɪ raɪt ɪn neɪmz ɔn ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈbæləts ɪn vərˈʤɪnjə, bət ɪt wʊd nɑt pərˈteɪn tɪ ðɪs ˈpraɪˌmɛri.
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former house speaker newt gingrich is giving up on getting his name on the republican presidential ballot in virginia next month.
gingrich’s campaign filed paperwork with the u.s. court of appeals for the fourth circuit in richmond.
a federal judge denied a request last month to add gingrich and other presidential candidates to the ballot.
u.s. district judge john a. gibney jr. indicated that he thought a provision requiring candidates to only use state residents to gather signatures was unconstitutional, but none of the candidates had collected the required 10,000 signatures regardless.
the appellate court also denied appeals to add names to the march 6 super tuesday ballot. but gingrich could have appealed further, asking all judges to review the case or the u.s. supreme court.
texas gov. rick perry, former senator rick santorum (pa.), gingrich (ga.) and former utah governor jon huntsman failed to qualify for the virginia ballot, and filed a lawsuit against the state board of elections and the state gop to challenge the qualification rules.
only former massachusetts governor mitt romney and rep. ron paul (tex.) qualified.
virginia’s ballot-access rules are considered the toughest in the nation. candidates must collect 10,000 signatures, with at least 400 from each of the congressional districts.
gingrich’s campaign told state officials that it had submitted 11,050 signatures. but a richmond area firm hired to collect them turned in 1,500 signatures that appeared to be signed by the same person.
the house of delegates passed a bill last week that would allow voters to write in names on primary ballots in virginia, but it would not pertain to this year’s primary.
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jindal’s* feɪld waɪt haʊs bɪd wɑz mɑrkt baɪ hɪz ˈstrəgəl tɪ ˈklɪrli dɪˈfaɪn ən aɪˈdɛntəˌti ɛz ə ˈkænədɪt. ˈvoʊtərz wər lɛft kənfˈjuzd ɛz tɪ ɪgˈzæktli hu wɑz ənd wət hi stʊd fər. ðə ˈgəvərnər ləˈmɛntɪd ə læk əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈpɑləsi papers”*” ɪn ðə mɪst əv ə ““crazy*, ˌənprɪˈdɪktəbəl ɪˈlɛkʃən season”*” ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ, bət hi wɑz ˈhɑrdli əˈbəv ðə ˈæntɪks əv ðə ˈsizən. spɛnt ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt əˈmaʊnt əv taɪm ɔn ðə kæmˈpeɪn treɪl ˈʧeɪsɪŋ ðə ˈspɑˌtlaɪt ənd dɪd soʊ tɪ ə dɪˈgri ðət stʊd aʊt ɛz ˈivɪn ɪn ə fild wɛr rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈkænədɪts hæv dən ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ frəm ˈteɪkɪŋ ə ˈʧeɪnˌsɔ tɪ ðə tæks koʊd tɪ kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə ˈvɪdioʊ dɪˈpɪktɪŋ ðə ˈmɛni weɪz tɪ dɪˈstrɔɪ ə sɛl foʊn. ˈʤoʊkɪŋli rɪˈmɑrkt ɪn ˈɔgəst ðət bɛst weɪ tɪ meɪk nuz ɪz tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ˈdɑnəld trump.”*.” hi simd tɪ teɪk hɪz oʊn ədˈvaɪs ˈsɪriəsli, ˈɔfərɪŋ əp ə bərɑʒ əv ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm eɪmd æt ðə ˈrilɪˌsteɪt ˈmoʊgəl. ˈplɛnti əv rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kənˈtɛndərz hæv əˈtækt trəmp, bət ɛz hi dɪd soʊ, feɪld tɪ meɪk klɪr waɪ hi wɑz ˈrənɪŋ fər ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs. ɪn ˈkɑntræst, saʊθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə ˈsɛnətər ˈlɪndzi græm həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈstrəgəld tɪ meɪk ə dɛnt ɪn ðə poʊlz, ənd rɪˈzɔrtɪd tɪ ˈteɪkɪŋ ʃɑts æt trəmp, bət həz meɪnˈteɪnd ə klɪr ˌræʃəˈnæl fər hɪz waɪt haʊs dɪˈzaɪər tɪ ˈɛləˌveɪt ðə ˈɪʃu əv ˈfɔrən ˈpɑləsi ɔn ðə kæmˈpeɪn treɪl ənd tɪ pʊʃ fər dɪˈplɔɪmənt əv juz. ˈfɔrsɪz tɪ ˌɪˈrɑk ənd ˈsɪriə., mɔˈroʊvər, ɪz nɑt ə ˈnæʧərəl pəˈlɪtɪkəl pərˈfɔrmər. hɪz əˈtɛmpts tɪ ʧeɪs ðə ˈspɑˌtlaɪt baɪ ˈreɪlɪŋ əˈgɛnst trəmp fɛlt fɔrst. ðə pæst ˈprɛsɪʤd hɪz mɔr ˈrisənt ˈstrəgəlz. əˈmɪd priˈdɪkʃənz ðət hi ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ðə fˈjuʧər əv ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti, dɪˈlɪvərd ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt 2009 steɪt əv ðə ˈjunjən ˈæˌdrɛs. hi wɑz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ʃaɪn, bət ðə pərˈfɔrməns wɑz ˈwaɪdli pænd ɛz ˈɔkwərd. ɪt ˈjildɪd ənˈflætərɪŋ kəmˈpɛrəsənz bɪtˈwin ənd ðə ˌdɪˈsaɪdədli ˈkrɛʤələs ˈkɛrɪktər əv ˈkɛnɪθ ɔn 30 rɑk. ˈnɛvər θɔt ˈbɑbi wʊd rən fər office,”*,” ˈmɛri bɛθ gɪˈloʊ, ˈhaɪˌskul ˈprɪnsəpəl hæd toʊld ˈnuzˌwik ðə ˈpriviəs jɪr. ʤɪst ðə ˈbæksˌlæpɪŋ, type.”*.” æmˈbɪʃən ˈɔlsoʊ əˈpɪrd tɪ kɔz ɪm tɪ streɪ frəm hɪz kɔr pəˈlɪtɪkəl aɪˈdɛntəˌti ɛz ə rɪˈspɛktɪd ˈpɑləsi wɑnk ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈtɛnjər ɛz ˈgəvərnər. dɪˈlɪvərd ən ˌɛnərˈʤɛtɪk rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə 2010 ˈdipˌwɔtər hərˈaɪzən ɔɪl spɪl, bət feɪst ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ frəm ˈfɛloʊ kənˈsərvətɪvz, fər hɪz ˈhændəlɪŋ əv steɪt ˈbəʤɪt ˈʃɔrtˌfɔlz. ðət ˈsɑgə kriˈeɪtɪd ə pərˈsɛpʃən ðət ðə wɛl biɪŋ əv luˌiziˈænə tʊk ə bæk sit tɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌæspərˈeɪʃənz. ɪn ʤun, ˈlɑrʤəst ˈdeɪli ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ˈpəblɪʃt ə ˈlɛtər frəm ə ˈbæˌtɑn ruʒ ˈrɛzɪdənt ðət əˈkjuzd əv biɪŋ mərˈkjʊriəl: ju trəst ˈsəmˌwən hu ɪz soʊ ˈʧeɪnʤəbəl? waɪl aɪ θɪŋk ðət ˈɛnibədi həz ðə raɪt tɪ ʧeɪnʤ maɪnd, həz meɪd ə kərɪr aʊt əv əˈdæptɪŋ hɪz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ dɪˈrɛkʃɪn əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl winds.”*.”
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jindal’s failed white house bid was marked by his struggle to clearly define an identity as a candidate. voters were left confused as to exactly who jindal was and what he stood for.
the governor lamented a lack of interest in “detailed policy papers” in the midst of a “crazy, unpredictable election season” on tuesday, but he was hardly above the antics of the season. jindal spent a significant amount of time on the campaign trail chasing the spotlight and did so to a degree that stood out as attention-seeking even in a field where republican candidates have done everything from taking a chainsaw to the tax code to creating a video depicting the many ways to destroy a cell phone.
jindal jokingly remarked in august that “the best way to make news is to mention donald trump.” he seemed to take his own advice seriously, offering up a barrage of criticism aimed at the real-estate mogul.
plenty of republican presidential contenders have attacked trump, but as he did so, jindal failed to make clear why he was running for president in the first place. in contrast, south carolina senator lindsey graham has also struggled to make a dent in the polls, and resorted to taking shots at trump, but has maintained a clear rationale for his white house bid—a desire to elevate the issue of foreign policy on the campaign trail and to push for deployment of u.s. forces to iraq and syria.
jindal, moreover, is not a natural political performer. his attempts to chase the spotlight by railing against trump felt forced.
the past presaged his more recent struggles. amid predictions that he represented the future of the republican party, jindal delivered the republican response to president obama’s 2009 state of the union address. he was supposed to shine, but the performance was widely panned as awkward. it yielded unflattering comparisons between jindal and the decidedly credulous character of kenneth on 30 rock.
“i never thought bobby would run for office,” mary beth guillot, jindal’s high-school principal had told newsweek the previous year. “he just wasn’t the backslapping, glad-handing type.”
jindal’s ambition also appeared to cause him to stray from his core political identity as a respected policy wonk during his tenure as governor. jindal delivered an energetic response to the 2010 deepwater horizon oil spill, but faced criticism, including from fellow conservatives, for his handling of state budget shortfalls. that saga created a perception that the well being of louisiana took a back seat to the governor’s national political aspirations.
in june, louisiana’s largest daily newspaper published a letter from a baton rouge resident that accused jindal of being mercurial: “can you trust someone who is so changeable? while i think that anybody has the right to change his/her mind, jindal has made a career out of adapting his thinking according to the changing direction of political winds.”
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lərn ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ju nid tɪ noʊ əˈbaʊt wərd ˈɔrdər ənd kənˈʤəŋkʃənz ɪn ˈʤərmən ˈgræmər wɪθ lingolia*. ɪn ðə ˈɛksərˌsaɪzɪz, ju kən ˈpræktɪs wət ju hæv lərnt. koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtɪŋ kənˈʤəŋkʃənz kəˈnɛkt tu meɪn ˈklɔzɪz. səˈbɔrdəˌneɪtɪŋ kənˈʤəŋkʃənz ənd ˈædvərbz kəˈnɛkt ˈklɔzɪz wɪθ ˈklɔzɪz. ˈjuzɪŋ səˈbɔrdəˌneɪtɪŋ kənˈʤəŋkʃənz ənd ˈædvərbz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ðə wərd ˈɔrdər ɪn ðə klɔz. si wɪl dɛn sehen*, si æm strænd. koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtɪŋ kənˈʤəŋkʃənz ɪn ə klɔz ðət ɪz ˌɪntrəˈdust baɪ ə kənˈʤəŋkʃən, ðə ˈsɛntəns ˈstrəkʧər ɪz ɪgˈzæktli ðə seɪm ɛz ɪn ə ˈnɔrməl meɪn klɔz (kənˈʤəŋkʃən ˈsəbʤɪkt ˈfaɪˌnaɪt vərb səm ɪgˈzæmpəl kənˈʤəŋkʃənz ər: ˈeɪbər, dɛn, ˈoʊdər, ənd. ɪgˈzæmpəl: glücklich*, dɛn si hæt. ɪz ˈhæpi, bɪˈkəz ɔn ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ. ɪn ə klɔz ðət ɪz ˌɪntrəˈdust baɪ ə, ðə ˈfaɪˌnaɪt vərb ɪz pleɪst æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈsɛntəns ˈsəbʤɪkt ˈfaɪˌnaɪt vərb). səm ɪgˈzæmpəl (ˈsɛkənˌdɛri kənˈʤəŋkʃənz) ər: bevor*, ˈdiˈeɪ, dæs, fɔlz, wil, wenn*. ɪgˈzæmpəl: si mæʧt ən dər nordsee*, wil si dɑs miər liebt*. ɔn ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ æt ðə nɔrθ si, bɪˈkəz ʃi ləvz ðə ˈoʊʃən. dɪˈpɛndənt ˈklɔzɪz ðət ər ˌɪntrəˈdust baɪ ə ər kɔld ˈklɔzɪz. ˈædvərbz ɪn ə klɔz ðət ɪz ˌɪntrəˈdust baɪ ə ˈædvərb, ðə ˈfaɪˌnaɪt vərb kəmz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt ˈædvərb ˈfaɪˌnaɪt vərb ˈsəbʤɪkt səm ɪgˈzæmpəl ˈædvərbz ər: dæn, schließlich*, trotzdem*, zuvor*.
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learn everything you need to know about word order and conjunctions in german grammar with lingolia. in the exercises, you can practise what you have learnt.
coordinating conjunctions connect two main clauses. subordinating conjunctions and conjunctional adverbs connect main/independent clauses with dependent/subordinate clauses. using subordinating conjunctions and conjunctional adverbs changes the word order in the clause.
sie will den sonnenuntergang sehen, deshalb ist sie jetzt amrand.
coordinating conjunctions
in a clause that is introduced by a conjunction, the sentenceructure is exactly the same as in a normal main clause (conjunction + subject + finite verb + …).
some example conjunctions are: aber, denn, oder, und.
example: kerstin ist glücklich, denn sie hat urlaub. kerstin is happy, because she’s on holiday.
subjunctions
in a clause that is introduced by a subjunction, the finite verb is placed at the end of the sentence (subjunction + subject + … + finite verb).
some example subjunctions (secondary conjunctions) are: bevor, da, dass, falls, weil, wenn.
example: sie macht urlaub an der nordsee, weil sie das meer liebt. she’s on holiday at the north sea, because she loves the ocean.
dependent clauses that are introduced by a subjunction are called conjunctional clauses.
conjunctional adverbs
in a clause that is introduced by a conjunctional adverb, the finite verb comes before the subject (conjunctional adverb + finite verb + subject + …).
some example conjunctional adverbs are: dann, schließlich, trotzdem, zuvor.
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"ˈtʊrɪŋ" hir. fər ˈəðər ˈjuzɪz, si ˈtʊrɪŋ (disambiguation*) ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃən ənd kəmˈpjutər ˈsaɪəntɪst ˈælən ˈmæθɪsən ˈtʊrɪŋ 23 ʤun 1912 7 ʤun 1954 wɑz ən ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃən, kəmˈpjutər ˈsaɪəntɪst, loʊˈʤɪʃən,, fəˈlɑsəfər ənd ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈhaɪli ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl ɪn ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl kəmˈpjutər saɪəns, prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ə əv ðə ˈkɑnsɛpts əv ˈælgərˌɪðəm ənd ˌkɑmpjəˈteɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃin, wɪʧ kən bi kənˈsɪdərd ə ˈmɑdəl əv ə ˈtʊrɪŋ ɪz ˈwaɪdli kənˈsɪdərd tɪ bi ðə ˈfɑðər əv ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl kəmˈpjutər saɪəns ənd ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl dɪˈspaɪt ðiz əˈkɑmplɪʃmənts, hi wɑz ˈnɛvər ˈfʊli ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd ɪn hɪz hoʊm ˈkəntri ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm, du tɪ hɪz ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti, wɪʧ wɑz ðɛn ə kraɪm ɪn ðə. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsɛkənd wərld wɔr, ˈtʊrɪŋ wərkt fər ðə ˈgəvərnmənt koʊd ənd ˈsaɪfər skul (gc&cs*) æt pɑrk, ˈbrɪtənz ˈsɛntər ðət prəˈdust ˈəltrə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns. fər ə taɪm hi lɛd hət 8 ðə ˈsɛkʃən ðət wɑz riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ˈʤərmən ˈneɪvəl. hir, hi dɪˈvaɪzd ə ˈnəmbər əv tɛkˈniks fər ˈspidɪŋ ðə ˈbreɪkɪŋ əv ˈʤərmən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˌɪmˈpruvmənts tɪ ðə ˈpɑlɪʃ ˈmɛθəd, ən ˌɪˌlɛktroʊməˈkænɪkəl məˈʃin ðət kʊd faɪnd ˈsɛtɪŋz fər ðə ɪˈnɪgmə məˈʃin. ˈtʊrɪŋ pleɪd ə ˈpɪvətəl roʊl ɪn ˈkrækɪŋ ˌɪnərˈsɛptɪd ˈkoʊdɪd ˈmɛsɪʤɪz ðət ɪˈneɪbəld ðə ˈælaɪz tɪ dɪˈfit ðə ˈnɑtsiz ɪn ˈmɛni ˈkruʃəl ɪnˈgeɪʤmənts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈbætəl əv ðə əˈtlæntɪk, ənd ɪn soʊ duɪŋ hɛlpt wɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt wɪθ rɪˈspɛkt tɪ ðə ˈifɛkt ˈəltrə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns hæd ɔn ðə lɛŋθ əv ðə bət æt ðə ˈəpər ɛnd ɪt həz bɪn ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd ðət ðɪs wərk ˈʃɔrtənd ðə wɔr ɪn ˈjʊrəp baɪ mɔr ðən tu jɪrz ənd seɪvd ˈoʊvər 14 ˈmɪljən ˈæftər ðə wɔr, ˈtʊrɪŋ wərkt æt ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈlæbrəˌtɔri, wɛr hi dɪˈzaɪnd ðə ˌɔtəˈmætɪk kəmˈpjutɪŋ ˈɪnʤən, wɪʧ wɑz wən əv ðə fərst dɪˈzaɪnz fər ə kəmˈpjutər. ɪn 1948 ˈtʊrɪŋ ʤɔɪnd mæks ˈnumənz kəmˈpjutɪŋ məˈʃin ˈlæbrəˌtɔri æt ðə vɪkˈtɔriə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmænˌʧɛstər, wɛr hi hɛlpt dɪˈvɛləp ðə ˈmænˌʧɛstər ənd bɪˈkeɪm ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl baɪˈɑləʤi. hi roʊt ə ˈpeɪpər ɔn ðə ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈbeɪsɪs əv ənd prɪˈdɪktɪd ˈɑsəˌleɪtɪŋ ˈkɛmɪkəl riˈækʃənz səʧ ɛz ðə riˈækʃən, fərst əbˈzərvd ɪn ðə 1960s*. ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈprɑsɪˌkjutɪd ɪn 1952 fər ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuəl ækts; ðə əˈmɛndmənt hæd ˈmænˌdeɪtɪd ðət "groʊs ˌɪnˈdisənsi" wɑz ə ˈkrɪmənəl ɪn ðə. hi ækˈsɛptɪd ˈkɛmɪkəl ˌkæˈstreɪʃən ˈtritmənt, wɪθ dɪ, ɛz ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv tɪ ˈprɪzən. ˈtʊrɪŋ daɪd ɪn 1954 16 deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr hɪz ˈbərθˌdeɪ, frəm ˈsaɪˌnaɪd ˈpɔɪzənɪŋ. ən ˈɪnkˌwɛst dɪˈtərmənd hɪz dɛθ ɛz ə ˈsuɪˌsaɪd, bət ɪt həz bɪn ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ðə noʊn ˈɛvədəns ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ ˌæksəˈdɛnəl ɪn 2009 ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ən ˈɪntərˌnɛt kæmˈpeɪn, ˈbrɪtɪʃ praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈgɔrdən braʊn meɪd ən əˈfɪʃəl ˈpəblɪk əˈpɑləˌʤi ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənt fər "ðə əˈpɔlɪŋ weɪ hi wɑz ˈtritɪd". kwin ɪˈlɪzəbɪθ ˈgrænɪd ˈtʊrɪŋ ə ˈpɑsʧʊməs ˈpɑrdən ɪn ðə ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ lɔ ɪz naʊ ən ˌɪnˈfɔrməl tərm fər ə 2017 lɔ ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm ðət ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪvli ˈpɑrdənd mɛn ˈkɔʃənd ər kənˈvɪktəd ˈəndər hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ðət ˈaʊˌtlɔd ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuəl ˈərli laɪf ənd ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈɛdət ˈfæməli ˈɛdət ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz bɔrn ɪn ˈmeɪdə veɪl, waɪl hɪz ˈfɑðər, ˈʤuljəs ˈmæθɪsən ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ɔn liv frəm hɪz pəˈzɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˈɪndiən ˈsɪvəl ˈsərvɪs (ics*) æt chatrapur*, ðɛn ɪn ðə ˈmædrəs ˈprɛzɪdənsi ənd ˈprɛzəntli ɪn steɪt, ɪn ˈfɑðər wɑz ðə sən əv ə ˈklərʤiˌmæn, ðə rɛv. ʤɑn ˈrɑbərt ˈtʊrɪŋ, frəm ə ˈskɑtɪʃ ˈfæməli əv ˈmərʧənts ðət hæd bɪn beɪst ɪn ðə ˈnɛðərləndz ənd ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˌbɛrəˈnɛt. ˈməðər, ˈʤuljəs' waɪf, wɑz ˈɛθəl ˈsɛrə ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈstoʊni ˈdɔtər əv ˈɛdwərd ˈwɔlər ˈstoʊni, ʧif ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr əv ðə ˈmædrəs ˈreɪlˌweɪz. ðə wər ə ˈprɑtəstənt ˈʤɛntri ˈfæməli frəm boʊθ ˈkaʊnti ˈtɪpərˌɛri ənd ˈkaʊnti longford*, waɪl ˈɛθəl hərˈsɛlf hæd spɛnt məʧ əv hər ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd ɪn ˈkaʊnti ˈʤuljəs' wərk wɪθ ðə brɔt ðə ˈfæməli tɪ ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈɪndiə, wɛr hɪz ˈgrænˌfɑðər hæd bɪn ə ˈʤɛnərəl ɪn ðə ˈbɛŋgəl ˈɑrmi. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, boʊθ ˈʤuljəs ənd ˈɛθəl ˈwɔntɪd ðɛr ˈʧɪldrən tɪ bi brɔt əp ɪn ˈbrɪtən, soʊ ðeɪ muvd tɪ ˈmeɪdə ˈləndən, wɛr ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz bɔrn ɔn 23 ʤun 1912 ɛz rɪˈkɔrdɪd baɪ ə blu plæk ɔn ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ðə haʊs əv hɪz ˈleɪtər ðə ˌkɑləˈneɪd ˈtʊrɪŋ hæd ən ˈɛldər ˈbrəðər, ʤɑn (ðə ˈfɑðər əv sər ʤɑn ˈdərmət ˈtʊrɪŋ, ˌbɛrəˈnɛt əv ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈfɑðərz ˈsɪvəl ˈsərvɪs kəˈmɪʃən wɑz stɪl ˈæktɪv ənd ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd jɪrz ˈpɛrənts ˈtrævəld bɪtˈwin ˈheɪstɪŋz ɪn ənd ˈɪndiə, ˈlivɪŋ ðɛr tu sənz tɪ steɪ wɪθ ə rɪˈtaɪrd ˈɑrmi ˈkəpəl. æt ˈheɪstɪŋz, ˈtʊrɪŋ steɪd æt ˈbæstən lɑʤ, ˈəpər meɪz hɪl, leonards-on-sea*, naʊ mɑrkt wɪθ ə blu ðə plæk wɑz ənˈveɪld ɔn 23 ʤun 2012 ðə ˈsɛntəˌnɛri əv ˈvɛri ˈərli ɪn laɪf, ˈtʊrɪŋ ʃoʊd saɪnz əv ðə ˈʤinjəs ðət hi wɑz ˈleɪtər tɪ dɪˈspleɪ hɪz ˈpɛrənts ˈpərʧəst ə haʊs ɪn ɪn 1927 ənd ˈtʊrɪŋ lɪvd ðɛr ˈdʊrɪŋ skul ˈhɑləˌdeɪz. ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ mɑrkt wɪθ ə blu skul ˈɛdət ˈpɛrənts ɛnˈroʊld ɪm æt ˈmaɪkəlz, ə deɪ skul æt 20 ˈʧɑrəlz roʊd, leonards-on-sea*, æt ðə eɪʤ əv sɪks. ðə ˈhɛdˌmɪstrəs ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd hɪz ˈtælənt ˈərli ɔn, ɛz dɪd ˈmɛni əv hɪz ˈsəbsəkwənt ˈtiʧərz. bɪtˈwin ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1922 ənd 1926 ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtɪd æt ˈprɛprəˌtɔri skul, ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt skul ɪn ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ əv ɪn ˈsəsɪks (naʊ ist ɪn 1926 æt ðə eɪʤ əv 13 hi wɛnt ɔn tɪ ˈʃərbərn skul, ə ˈbɔrdɪŋ ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt skul ɪn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt taʊn əv ˈʃərbərn ɪn ˈdɔrsɪt. ðə fərst deɪ əv tərm ˌkoʊənˈsaɪdəd wɪθ ðə 1926 ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ɪn ˈbrɪtən, bət hi wɑz soʊ dɪˈtərmənd tɪ əˈtɛnd, ðət hi roʊd hɪz ˈbaɪsɪkəl ˌənəˈkəmpənid 60 maɪəlz 97 km*) frəm ˌsaʊθˈhæmptən tɪ ˈʃərbərn, ˈstɑpɪŋ ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt æt ən ˈnæʧərəl ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃən təˈwɔrdz ˌmæθəˈmætɪks ənd saɪəns dɪd nɑt ərn ɪm rɪˈspɛkt frəm səm əv ðə ˈtiʧərz æt ˈʃərbərn, huz ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən pleɪst mɔr ˈɛmfəsɪs ɔn ðə ˈklæsɪks. hɪz ˈhɛdˈmæstər roʊt tɪ hɪz ˈpɛrənts: "aɪ hoʊp hi wɪl nɑt fɔl bɪtˈwin tu stulz. ɪf hi ɪz tɪ steɪ æt ˈpəblɪk skul, hi məst eɪm æt bɪˈkəmɪŋ ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtɪd. ɪf hi ɪz tɪ bi ˈsoʊəli ə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈspɛʃəlɪst, hi ɪz ˈweɪstɪŋ hɪz taɪm æt ə ˈpəblɪk dɪˈspaɪt ðɪs, ˈtʊrɪŋ kənˈtɪnjud tɪ ʃoʊ rɪˈmɑrkəbəl əˈbɪləˌti ɪn ðə ˈstədiz hi ləvd, ˈsɑlvɪŋ ədˈvænst ˈprɑbləmz ɪn 1927 wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ ˈstədid ˈivɪn ˌɛləˈmɛnʧri ˈkælkjələs. ɪn 1928 ˈeɪʤɪd 16 ˈtʊrɪŋ ɪnˈkaʊnərd ˈælbərt ˈaɪnstaɪnz wərk; nɑt ˈoʊnli dɪd hi græsp ɪt, bət ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl ðət hi ˈmænɪʤd tɪ dɪˈdus ˈaɪnstaɪnz kˈwɛsʧənɪŋ əv ˈnutənz lɔz əv ˈmoʊʃən frəm ə tɛkst ɪn wɪʧ ðɪs wɑz ˈnɛvər meɪd ˈkrɪstəfər ˈmɔrkəm ˈɛdət æt ˈʃərbərn, ˈtʊrɪŋ fɔrmd ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈfrɛndʃɪp wɪθ ˈfɛloʊ ˈpjupəl ˈkrɪstəfər ˈmɔrkəm 1911 1930 hu həz bɪn dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz "fərst ləv". ðɛr riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp prəˈvaɪdɪd ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən ɪn fˈjuʧər endeavours*, bət ɪt wɑz kət ʃɔrt baɪ dɛθ, ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1930 frəm ˌkɑmpləˈkeɪʃənz əv ˈboʊˌvaɪn təˌbərkjəˈloʊsɪs, ˈkɑntræktəd ˈæftər ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ ˌɪnˈfɛktɪd kaʊz mɪlk səm jɪrz ðə ɪˈvɛnt kɔzd ˈtʊrɪŋ greɪt ˈsɑroʊ. hi koʊpt wɪθ hɪz grif baɪ ˈwərkɪŋ ðət məʧ ˈhɑrdər ɔn ðə ˈtɑpɪks əv saɪəns ənd ˌmæθəˈmætɪks ðət hi hæd ʃɛrd wɪθ ˈmɔrkəm. ɪn ə ˈlɛtər tɪ ˈməðər ˈtʊrɪŋ sɛd: aɪ æm ʃʊr aɪ kʊd nɑt hæv faʊnd ˈɛniˌwɛr əˈnəðər kəmˈpænjən soʊ ˈbrɪljənt ənd jɛt soʊ ˈʧɑrmɪŋ ənd unconceited*. aɪ rɪˈgɑrdɪd maɪ ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn maɪ wərk, ənd ɪn səʧ θɪŋz ɛz əˈstrɑnəmi (tɪ wɪʧ hi ˌɪntrəˈdust mi) ɛz ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ bi ʃɛrd wɪθ ɪm ənd aɪ θɪŋk hi fɛlt ə ˈlɪtəl ðə seɪm əˈbaʊt mi aɪ noʊ aɪ məst pʊt ɛz məʧ ˈɛnərʤi ɪf nɑt ɛz məʧ ˈɪntəˌrɛst ˈɪntu maɪ wərk ɛz ɪf hi wər əˈlaɪv, bɪˈkəz ðət ɪz wət hi wʊd laɪk mi tɪ səm hæv ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət dɛθ wɑz ðə kɔz əv ˈeɪθiˌɪzəm ənd əˈpɛrəntli, æt ðɪs pɔɪnt ɪn hɪz laɪf hi stɪl bɪˈlivd ɪn səʧ ˈkɑnsɛpts ɛz ə ˈspɪrɪt, ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əv ðə ˈbɑdi ənd sərˈvaɪvɪŋ dɛθ. ɪn ə ˈleɪtər ˈlɛtər, ˈɔlsoʊ ˈrɪtən tɪ ˈməðər, ˈtʊrɪŋ sɛd: ˈpərsənəli, aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ˈspɪrɪt ɪz ˈrɪli ɪˈtərnəli kəˈnɛktɪd wɪθ ˈmætər bət ˈsərtənli nɑt baɪ ðə seɪm kaɪnd əv ˈbɑdi ɛz rɪˈgɑrdz ðə ˈækʧəwəl kəˈnɛkʃən bɪtˈwin ˈspɪrɪt ənd ˈbɑdi aɪ kənˈsɪdər ðət ðə ˈbɑdi [kən] hoʊld ɔn tɪ ə 'ˈspɪrɪt', waɪlst ðə ˈbɑdi ɪz əˈlaɪv ənd əˈweɪk ðə tu ər ˈfərmli kəˈnɛktɪd. wɪn ðə ˈbɑdi ɪz əsˈlip aɪ ˈkænɑt gɛs wət ˈhæpənz bət wɪn ðə ˈbɑdi daɪz, ðə 'ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm' əv ðə ˈbɑdi, ˈhoʊldɪŋ ðə ˈspɪrɪt ɪz gɔn ənd ðə ˈspɪrɪt faɪndz ə nu ˈbɑdi ˈsunər ər ˈleɪtər, pərˈhæps ˌjunəˈvərsəti ənd wərk ɔn ˈɛdət ˈæftər ˈʃərbərn, ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈstədid ɛz ən ˌəndərˈgræʤəwət frəm 1931 tɪ 1934 æt kɪŋz ˈkɑlɪʤ, wɛr hi wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ˌfərstˈklæs ɪn ˌmæθəˈmætɪks. ɪn 1935 æt ðə eɪʤ əv 22 hi wɑz ɪˈlɛktɪd ə ˈfɛloʊ əv kɪŋz ɔn ðə strɛŋθ əv ə ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən ɪn wɪʧ hi pruvd ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈlɪmət ənˈnoʊn tɪ ðə kəˈmɪti, ðə ˈθɪrəm hæd ɔˈrɛdi bɪn ˈpruvən, ɪn 1922 baɪ ˈvɑldəmɑr ə blu plæk æt ðə ˈkɑlɪʤ wɑz ənˈveɪld ɔn ðə ˈsɛntəˌnɛri əv hɪz bərθ ɔn 23 ʤun 2012 ənd ɪz naʊ ˌɪnˈstɔld æt ðə ˈkɑlɪʤɪz keɪnz ˈbɪldɪŋ ɔn kɪŋz ɪn 1936 ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈpəblɪʃt hɪz ˈpeɪpər "ɔn ˈnəmbərz, wɪθ ən ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən tɪ ðə" ɪn ðɪs ˈpeɪpər, ˈtʊrɪŋ riˈfɔrmjəˌleɪtɪd kərt 1931 rɪˈzəlts ɔn ðə ˈlɪmɪts əv pruf ənd ˌkɑmpjəˈteɪʃən, rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ ˌjunəˈvərsəl ˈfɔrməl ˈlæŋgwɪʤ wɪθ ðə ˈfɔrməl ənd ˈsɪmpəl ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl dɪˈvaɪsɪz ðət bɪˈkeɪm noʊn ɛz ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃinz. ðə (dɪˈsɪʒən ˈprɑbləm) wɑz ərˈɪʤənəli poʊzd baɪ ˈʤərmən ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃən ˈdeɪvɪd ˈhɪlbərt ɪn 1928 ˈtʊrɪŋ pruvd ðət hɪz "ˌjunəˈvərsəl kəmˈpjutɪŋ məˈʃin" wʊd bi ˈkeɪpəbəl əv pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ˈɛni kənˈsivəbəl ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl ˌkɑmpjəˈteɪʃən ɪf ɪt wər ɛz ən ˈælgərˌɪðəm. hi wɛnt ɔn tɪ pruv ðət ðɛr wɑz noʊ səˈluʃən tɪ ðə dɪˈsɪʒən ˈprɑbləm baɪ fərst ʃoʊɪŋ ðət ðə ˈhɔltɪŋ ˈprɑbləm fər ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃinz ɪz undecidable*: ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ˈwɛðər ə ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃin wɪl ˈɛvər hɔlt. kɪŋz ˈkɑlɪʤ, ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ wɛr ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ə ˈstudənt ɪn 1931 ənd bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈfɛloʊ ɪn 1935 ðə kəmˈpjutər rum ɪz neɪmd ˈæftər ɪm. ˌɔlˈðoʊ pruf wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər əˈlɑnzoʊ ˈʧərʧəz ɪkˈwɪvələnt pruf ˈjuzɪŋ hɪz ˈlæmdə əˈproʊʧ ɪz kənˈsɪdərəbli mɔr ækˈsɛsəbəl ənd ˌɪnˈtuətɪv ðən ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˈnoʊʃən əv ə 'ˌjunəˈvərsəl məˈʃin' (naʊ noʊn ɛz ə ˌjunəˈvərsəl ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃin), wɪθ ðə aɪˈdiə ðət səʧ ə məˈʃin kʊd pərˈfɔrm ðə tæsks əv ˈɛni ˈəðər ˌkɑmpjəˈteɪʃən məˈʃin (ɛz ˌɪnˈdid kʊd ˈʧərʧəz ˈlæmdə ˈkælkjələs). əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈθiˌsɪs, ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃinz ənd ðə ˈlæmdə ˈkælkjələs ər ˈkeɪpəbəl əv kəmˈpjutɪŋ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət ɪz. ʤɑn vɔn ˈnumən ækˈnɑlɪʤd ðət ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈkɑnsɛpt əv ðə ˈmɑdərn kəmˈpjutər wɑz du tɪ tɪ ðɪs deɪ, ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃinz ər ə ˈsɛntrəl ˈɑbʤɛkt əv ˈstədi ɪn ˈθɪri əv ˌkɑmpjəˈteɪʃən. frəm sɛpˈtɛmbər 1936 tɪ ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1938 ˈtʊrɪŋ spɛnt moʊst əv hɪz taɪm ˈstədiɪŋ ˈəndər ʧərʧ æt ˈprɪnstən ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd jɪr ɛz ə ʤeɪn ɪˈlaɪzə ˈprɑktər ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ˈfɛloʊ. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ hɪz ˈpjʊrli ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl wərk, hi ˈstədid ənd ˈɔlsoʊ bɪlt θri əv fɔr ˈsteɪʤɪz əv ən ˈbaɪnəˌri ɪn ʤun 1938 hi əbˈteɪnd hɪz ˈpiˌeɪʧˈdi frəm ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌmæθəˈmætɪks æt hɪz ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən, ˈsɪstəmz əv ˈlɑʤɪk beɪst ɔn ˌɪntrəˈdust ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt əv ˈlɑʤɪk ənd ðə ˈnoʊʃən əv ˈrɛlətɪv kəmˈpjutɪŋ, wɛr ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃinz ər ɑgˈmɛntəd wɪθ ˈsoʊˈkɔld ˈɔrəkəlz, əˈlaʊɪŋ ðə ˈstədi əv ˈprɑbləmz ðət ˈkænɑt bi sɑlvd baɪ ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃinz. ʤɑn vɔn ˈnumən ˈwɔntɪd tɪ haɪər ɪm ɛz hɪz ˌpoʊstˈdɑkˌtərəl əˈsɪstənt, bət hi wɛnt bæk tɪ kərɪr ənd ˈrisərʧ ˈɛdət wɪn ˈtʊrɪŋ rɪˈtərnd tɪ ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ, hi əˈtɛndəd ˈlɛkʧərz ˈgɪvɪn ɪn 1939 baɪ ˈlədwɪg əˈbaʊt ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃənz əv ðə ˈlɛkʧərz hæv bɪn ˌrikənˈstrəktɪd vərˈbeɪtəm, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˌɪntərˈʤɛkʃənz frəm ˈtʊrɪŋ ənd ˈəðər ˈstudənts, frəm ˈstudənts' ˈtʊrɪŋ ənd ˈɑrgjud ənd dɪsəˈgrid, wɪθ ˈtʊrɪŋ dɪˈfɛndɪŋ ˈfɔrməˌlɪzəm ənd hɪz vju ðət ˌmæθəˈmætɪks dɪz nɑt dɪˈskəvər ˈɛni ˈæbsəˌlut truθs, bət ˈrəðər ˌɪnˈvɛnts ˈɛdət ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsɛkənd wərld wɔr, ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ə ˈlidɪŋ pɑrˈtɪsəpənt ɪn ðə ˈbreɪkɪŋ əv ˈʤərmən æt pɑrk. ðə hɪˈstɔriən ənd ˈwɔrˌtaɪm ˈkoʊdˌbreɪkər ˈɑsə brɪgz həz sɛd, "ju ˈnidɪd ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl ˈtælənt, ju ˈnidɪd ˈʤinjəs æt ənd wɑz ðət frəm sɛpˈtɛmbər 1938 ˈtʊrɪŋ hæd bɪn ˈwərkɪŋ ˈpɑrtˈtaɪm wɪθ ðə, ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən. hi ˈkɔnsənˌtreɪtɪd ɔn əv ðə ɪˈnɪgmə wɪθ ˈdɪli nɑks, ə ˈsinjər sun ˈæftər ðə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1939 ˈwɔrˌsɔ ˈmitɪŋ æt wɪʧ ðə ˈpɑlɪʃ ˈsaɪfər ˈbjʊroʊ hæd prəˈvaɪdɪd ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ənd frɛnʧ wɪθ ðə ˈditeɪlz əv ðə ˈwaɪrɪŋ əv ɪˈnɪgmə ˈroʊtərz ənd ðɛr ˈmɛθəd əv ɪˈnɪgmə koʊd ˈmɛsɪʤɪz, ˈtʊrɪŋ ənd nɑks ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ wərk ɔn ə lɛs ˈfræʤəl əˈproʊʧ tɪ ðə ðə ˈpɑlɪʃ ˈmɛθəd rɪˈlaɪd ɔn ən ˈɪnsəkjər ˈɪndəˌkeɪtər prəˈsiʤər ðət ðə ˈʤərmənz wər ˈlaɪkli tɪ ʧeɪnʤ, wɪʧ ðeɪ dɪd ɪn meɪ 1940 əˈproʊʧ wɑz mɔr ˈʤɛnərəl, ˈjuzɪŋ fər wɪʧ hi prəˈdust ðə ˈfəŋkʃənəl ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə (ən ˌɪmˈpruvmənt əv ðə ˈpɑlɪʃ tu ˈkɑtɪʤɪz ɪn ðə ˈsteɪbəl jɑrd æt pɑrk ˈtʊrɪŋ wərkt hir ɪn 1939 ənd 1940 ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmuvɪŋ tɪ hət 8 ɔn 4 sɛpˈtɛmbər 1939 ðə deɪ ˈæftər ðə dɪˈklɛrd wɔr ɔn ˈʤərməni, ˈtʊrɪŋ ˌriˈpɔrtəd tɪ pɑrk, ðə ˈwɔrˌtaɪm ˈsteɪʃən əv ˈspɛsəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə wɑz ðə fərst əv faɪv ˈmeɪʤər ədˈvænsɪz ðət ˈtʊrɪŋ meɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə wɔr. ðə ˈəðərz wər: ðə ˈɪndəˌkeɪtər prəˈsiʤər juzd baɪ ðə ˈʤərmən ˈneɪvi; dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ə stəˈtɪstɪkəl prəˈsiʤər fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ məʧ mɔr ɪˈfɪʃənt juz əv ðə dəbd; dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ə prəˈsiʤər fər ˈwərkɪŋ aʊt ðə kæm ˈsɛtɪŋz əv ðə wilz əv ðə lərˈɛnts (ˈtəni) dəbd ənd, təˈwɔrdz ðə ɛnd əv ðə wɔr, ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ə ˈpɔrtəbəl sɪˈkjʊr vɔɪs æt pɑrk ðət wɑz dɪˈlaɪlə. baɪ ˈjuzɪŋ stəˈtɪstɪkəl tɛkˈniks tɪ ðə traɪəl əv ˈdɪfərənt ˌpɑsəˈbɪlətiz ɪn ðə koʊd ˈbreɪkɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs, ˈtʊrɪŋ meɪd ən ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt. hi roʊt tu ˈpeɪpərz dɪˈskəsɪŋ ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl əˈproʊʧɪz, ˈtaɪtəld ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz əv ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti tɪ ənd ˈpeɪpər ɔn stəˈtɪstɪks əv wɪʧ wər əv səʧ ˈvælju tɪ ənd ɪts səkˈsɛsər ðət ðeɪ wər nɑt riˈlist tɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈɑrˌkaɪvz ənˈtɪl ˈeɪprəl 2012 ˈʃɔrtli ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈsɛntəˌnɛri əv hɪz bərθ. ə ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃən, "hu aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd hɪmˈsɛlf ˈoʊnli ɛz ˈrɪʧərd," sɛd æt ðə taɪm ðət ðə fækt ðət ðə ˈkɑntɛnts hæd bɪn riˈstrɪktɪd fər səm 70 jɪrz ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ðɛr ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns, ənd ðɛr ˈrɛləvəns tɪ [hi] sɛd ðə fækt ðət ðə ˈkɑntɛnts hæd bɪn riˈstrɪktɪd "ʃoʊz wət ə trɪˈmɛndəs ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns ɪt həz ɪn ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃənz əv ɑr ˈsəbʤɪkt". ðə ˈpeɪpərz dɪˈteɪld ˈjuzɪŋ "ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl æˈnælɪsɪs tɪ traɪ ənd dɪˈtərmən wɪʧ ər ðə mɔr ˈlaɪkli ˈsɛtɪŋz soʊ ðət ðeɪ kən bi traɪd ɛz kˈwɪkli ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl." ˈrɪʧərd sɛd ðət hæd naʊ "skwizd ðə ʤus" aʊt əv ðə tu ˈpeɪpərz ənd wɑz "ˈhæpi fər ðɛm tɪ bi riˈlist ˈɪntu ðə ˈpəblɪk doʊˈmeɪn". ˈtʊrɪŋ hæd ə ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən fər ˌɛksənˈtrɪsəti æt pɑrk. hi wɑz noʊn tɪ hɪz ˈkɑligz ɛz "prof*" ənd hɪz ˈtritəs ɔn ɪˈnɪgmə wɑz noʊn ɛz ðə əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ hɪˈstɔriən ˈrɑnəld luɪn, ʤæk gʊd, ə hu wərkt wɪθ ˈtʊrɪŋ, sɛd əv hɪz ˈkɑlig: ɪn ðə fərst wik əv ʤun iʧ jɪr hi wʊd gɪt ə bæd əˈtæk əv heɪ ˈfivər, ənd hi wʊd ˈsaɪkəl tɪ ðə ˈɔfəs ˈwɛrɪŋ ə ˈsərvɪs gæs mæsk tɪ kip ðə ˈpɑlən ɔf. hɪz ˈbaɪsɪkəl hæd ə fɔlt: ðə ʧeɪn wʊd kəm ɔf æt ˈrɛgjələr ˈɪntərvəlz. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈhævɪŋ ɪt ˈmɛndɪd hi wʊd kaʊnt ðə ˈnəmbər əv taɪmz ðə ˈpɛdəlz wɛnt raʊnd ənd wʊd gɪt ɔf ðə ˈbaɪsɪkəl ɪn taɪm tɪ əˈʤəst ðə ʧeɪn baɪ hænd. əˈnəðər əv hɪz ˌɛksɛnˈtrɪsɪtiz ɪz ðət hi ʧeɪnd hɪz məg tɪ ðə ˈreɪdiˌeɪtər paɪps tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ɪt biɪŋ waɪl ˈwərkɪŋ æt, ˈtʊrɪŋ, hu wɑz ə ˈtæləntɪd ˌlɔŋˈdistəns ˈrənər, ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli ræn ðə 40 maɪəlz 64 km*) tɪ ˈləndən wɪn hi wɑz ˈnidɪd fər ənd hi wɑz ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˈwərldˌklæs ˈmɛrəˌθɑn ˈtʊrɪŋ traɪd aʊt fər ðə 1948 ˈbrɪtɪʃ oʊˈlɪmpɪk tim bət hi wɑz ˈhæmpərd baɪ ən ˈɪnʤəri. hɪz traɪaʊt taɪm fər ðə ˈmɛrəˌθɑn wɑz ˈoʊnli 11 ˈmɪnəts sloʊər ðən ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈsɪlvər ˈtɑməs ˈrɪʧərdz' oʊˈlɪmpɪk reɪs taɪm əv 2 aʊərz 35 ˈmɪnəts. hi wɑz ˈwɔltən æθˈlɛtɪk kləbz bɛst ˈrənər, ə fækt dɪˈskəvərd wɪn hi pæst ðə grup waɪl ˈrənɪŋ ɪn 1946 ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz əˈpɔɪntɪd ən ˈɔfɪsər əv ðə ˈɔrdər əv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈɛmpaɪər (obe*) baɪ kɪŋ ʤɔrʤ vi fər hɪz ˈwɔrˌtaɪm ˈsərvɪsɪz, bət hɪz wərk rɪˈmeɪnd ˈsikrɪt fər ˈmɛni ˈɛdət wɪˈθɪn wiks əv ərˈaɪvɪŋ æt ˈtʊrɪŋ hæd ˈspɛsəˌfaɪd ən ˌɪˌlɛktroʊməˈkænɪkəl məˈʃin kɔld ðə, wɪʧ kʊd breɪk ɪˈnɪgmə mɔr ˈifɛktɪvli ðən ðə ˈpɑlɪʃ ˈbɑmbə kryptologiczna*, frəm wɪʧ ɪts neɪm wɑz dəraɪvd. ðə, wɪθ ən ɛnˈhænsmənt səˈʤɛstɪd baɪ ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃən ˈgɔrdən, bɪˈkeɪm wən əv ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri tulz, ənd ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd wən, juzd tɪ əˈtæk ðə sərʧt fər ˈpɑsəbəl kərˈɛkt ˈsɛtɪŋz juzd fər ən ɪˈnɪgmə ˈmɛsɪʤ (i.e*., ˈroʊtər ˈɔrdər, ˈroʊtər ˈsɛtɪŋz ənd ˈsɛtɪŋz) ˈjuzɪŋ ə ˈsutəbəl krɪb: ə ˈfrægmənt əv ˈprɑbəbəl. fər iʧ ˈpɑsəbəl ˈsɛtɪŋ əv ðə ˈroʊtərz (wɪʧ hæd ɔn ðə ˈɔrdər əv 1019 steɪts, ər 1022 steɪts fər ðə ðə pərˈfɔrmd ə ʧeɪn əv ˈlɑʤɪkəl dɪˈdəkʃənz beɪst ɔn ðə krɪb, ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ˈnidɪd] ðə dɪˈtɛktɪd wɪn ə ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkʃən hæd əˈkərd ənd ruld aʊt ðət ˈsɛtɪŋ, ˈmuvɪŋ ɔn tɪ ðə nɛkst. moʊst əv ðə ˈpɑsəbəl ˈsɛtɪŋz wʊd kɔz ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkʃənz ənd bi dɪˈskɑrdɪd, ˈlivɪŋ ˈoʊnli ə fju tɪ bi ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd ɪn ˈditeɪl. ə ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkʃən wʊd əˈkər wɪn ən ˈlɛtər wʊd bi tərnd bæk ˈɪntu ðə seɪm ˈlɛtər, wɪʧ wɑz ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl wɪθ ðə ɪˈnɪgmə. ðə fərst wɑz ˌɪnˈstɔld ɔn 18 mɑrʧ baɪ leɪt 1941 ˈtʊrɪŋ ənd hɪz ˈfɛloʊ ˈgɔrdən, ju ˌælɪgˈzændər ənd stɔrt wər ˈfrəˌstreɪtəd. ˈbɪldɪŋ ɔn ðə wərk əv ðə poʊlz, ðeɪ hæd sɛt əp ə gʊd ˈwərkɪŋ ˈsɪstəm fər ɪˈnɪgmə ˈsɪgnəlz, bət ðɛr ˈlɪmɪtɪd stæf ənd mɛnt ðeɪ kʊd nɑt trænzˈleɪt ɔl ðə ˈsɪgnəlz. ɪn ðə ˈsəmər, ðeɪ hæd kənˈsɪdərəbəl səkˈsɛs, ənd ˈʃɪpɪŋ ˈlɔsɪz hæd ˈfɑlən tɪ ˈəndər tənz ə mənθ; ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðeɪ ˈbædli ˈnidɪd mɔr ˈrisɔrsɪz tɪ kip əˈbrɛst əv ˈʤərmən əˈʤəstmənts. ðeɪ hæd traɪd tɪ gɪt mɔr ˈpipəl ənd fənd mɔr θru ðə ˈprɑpər ˈʧænəlz, bət hæd ɔn 28 ɑkˈtoʊbər ðeɪ roʊt dɪˈrɛkli tɪ ˈwɪnstən ˈʧərʧɪl ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ ðɛr ˈdɪfɪˌkəltiz, wɪθ ˈtʊrɪŋ ɛz ðə fərst neɪmd. ðeɪ haʊ smɔl ðɛr nid wɑz kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ ðə væst ɪkˈspɛndɪʧər əv mɛn ənd ˈməni baɪ ðə ˈfɔrsɪz ənd kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ ðə ˈlɛvəl əv əˈsɪstəns ðeɪ kʊd ˈɔfər tɪ ðə ɛz ˈændru ˈhɑʤɪz, baɪˈɑgrəfər əv ˈtʊrɪŋ, ˈleɪtər roʊt, "ðɪs ˈlɛtər hæd ən ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈʧərʧɪl roʊt ə ˈmɛˌmoʊ tɪ ˈʤɛnərəl ismay*, wɪʧ rɛd: "ˈækʃən ðɪs deɪ. meɪk ʃʊr ðeɪ hæv ɔl ðeɪ wɔnt ɔn ɪkˈstrim praɪˈɔrəti ənd rɪˈpɔrt tɪ mi ðət ðɪs həz bɪn dən." ɔn 18 noʊˈvɛmbər, ðə ʧif əv ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈsərvɪs ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ˈɛvəri ˈpɑsəbəl ˈmɛʒər wɑz biɪŋ ðə æt pɑrk dɪd nɑt noʊ əv ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstərz rɪˈspɑns, bət ɛz rɪˈkɔld, "ɔl ðət wi dɪd ˈnoʊtɪs wɑz ðət ˈɔlˌmoʊst frəm ðət deɪ ðə rəf weɪz bɪˈgæn mərˈækjələsli tɪ bi meɪd mɔr ðən tu ˈhənərd wər ɪn ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðə hət 8 ənd ðə ˈneɪvəl ɪˈnɪgmə ˈɛdət ˈtʊrɪŋ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˈtækəl ðə ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈdɪfəkəlt ˈprɑbləm əv ˈʤərmən ˈneɪvəl ɪˈnɪgmə "bɪˈkəz noʊ wən ɛls wɑz duɪŋ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt ənd aɪ kʊd hæv ɪt tɪ ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər 1939 ˈtʊrɪŋ sɑlvd ðə ɛˈsɛnʃəl pɑrt əv ðə ˈneɪvəl ˈɪndəˌkeɪtər ˈsɪstəm, wɪʧ wɑz mɔr ˈkɑmplɛks ðən ðə ˈɪndəˌkeɪtər ˈsɪstəmz juzd baɪ ðə ˈəðər ðət seɪm naɪt, hi ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈsivd əv ðə aɪˈdiə əv, ə səkˈwɛnʃəl stəˈtɪstɪkəl tɛkˈnik (wət ˈeɪbrəˌhæm wɔld ˈleɪtər kɔld səkˈwɛnʃəl æˈnælɪsɪs) tɪ əˈsɪst ɪn ˈbreɪkɪŋ ðə ˈneɪvəl ɪˈnɪgmə, "ðoʊ aɪ wɑz nɑt ʃʊr ðət ɪt wʊd wərk ɪn ˈpræktɪs, ənd wɑz nɑt, ɪn fækt, ʃʊr ənˈtɪl səm deɪz hæd ˈæˌkʧuəli fər ðɪs, hi ˌɪnˈvɛntɪd ə ˈmɛʒər əv weɪt əv ˈɛvədəns ðət hi kɔld ðə bæn. kʊd rul aʊt ˈsərtən ˈsikwənsɪz əv ðə ɪˈnɪgmə ˈroʊtərz, səbˈstænʃəli rɪˈdusɪŋ ðə taɪm ˈnidɪd tɪ tɛst ˈsɛtɪŋz ɔn ðə ˈnidɪd] ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈtrævəld tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər ənd wərkt wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs ˈneɪvi ɔn ðə ˈneɪvəl ɪˈnɪgmə ənd kənˈstrəkʃən ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən; hi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðɛr kəmˈpjutɪŋ məˈʃin ˈlæbrəˌtɔri ɪn ˈdeɪtən, oʊˈhaɪoʊ. riˈækʃən tɪ ðə əˈmɛrɪkən dɪˈzaɪn wɑz fɑr frəm ɪnˌθuziˈæstɪk: ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈproʊˌgræm wɑz tɪ ˈproʊdus 336, wən fər iʧ wil ˈɔrdər. aɪ juzd tɪ smaɪl ˈɪnwərdli æt ðə kənˈsɛpʃən əv hət ruˈtin ˌɪmˈplaɪd baɪ ðɪs ˈproʊˌgræm, bət θɔt ðət noʊ ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈpərpəs wʊd bi sərvd baɪ ˈpɔɪntɪŋ aʊt ðət wi wʊd nɑt ˈrɪli juz ðɛm ɪn ðət weɪ. ðɛr tɛst (əv commutators*) kən ˈhɑrdli bi kənˈsɪdərd kənˈklusɪv ɛz ðeɪ wər nɑt ˈtɛstɪŋ fər ðə baʊns wɪθ ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk stɑp ˈfaɪndɪŋ dɪˈvaɪsɪz. ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi simz tɪ bi toʊld əˈbaʊt rɑdz ər ər ənˈlɛs ðeɪ ər ˈrɪli goʊɪŋ tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs trɪp, hi ˈɔlsoʊ əˈsɪstɪd æt bɛl læbz wɪθ ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv sɪˈkjʊr spiʧ hi rɪˈtərnd tɪ pɑrk ɪn mɑrʧ 1943 ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈæbsəns, ju ˌælɪgˈzændər hæd əˈfɪʃəli əˈsumd ðə pəˈzɪʃən əv hɛd əv hət 8 ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˌælɪgˈzændər hæd bɪn də ˈfæktoʊ hɛd fər səm taɪm (ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈhævɪŋ ˈlɪtəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə ˈdeɪtuˌdeɪ ˈrənɪŋ əv ðə ˈsɛkʃən). ˈtʊrɪŋ bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈʤɛnərəl kənˈsəltənt fər æt ˈnidɪd] ˌælɪgˈzændər roʊt əv ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən: ðɛr ʃʊd bi noʊ kˈwɛʃən ɪn ˈɛniˌwənz maɪnd ðət wərk wɑz ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈfæktər ɪn hət səkˈsɛs. ɪn ðə ˈərli deɪz, hi wɑz ðə ˈoʊnli hu θɔt ðə ˈprɑbləm wərθ ˈtækəlɪŋ ənd nɑt ˈoʊnli wɑz hi praɪˈmɛrəli riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ðə meɪn ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl wərk wɪˈθɪn ðə hət, bət hi ˈɔlsoʊ ʃɛrd wɪθ ənd kin ðə ʧif ˈkrɛdɪt fər ðə ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən əv ðə. ɪt ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ seɪ ðət ˈɛniˌwən ɪz 'ˌæbsəˈlutli ˌɪndɪˈspɛnsəbəl', bət ɪf ˈɛniˌwən wɑz ˌɪndɪˈspɛnsəbəl tɪ hət 8 ɪt wɑz ˈtʊrɪŋ. ðə ˌpaɪəˈnɪrz wərk ˈɔlˌweɪz tɛndz tɪ bi fərˈgɑtən wɪn ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd ruˈtin ˈleɪtər meɪk ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ sim ˈizi ənd ˈmɛni əv ˈjuˈɛs ɪn hət 8 fɛlt ðət ðə ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən wɑz ˈnɛvər ˈfʊli ˈriəˌlaɪzd baɪ ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈɛdət ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1942 ˈtʊrɪŋ dɪˈvaɪzd ə tɛkˈnik tərmd (ər ˈʤoʊkɪŋli fər juz əˈgɛnst ðə lərˈɛnts ˈsaɪfər ˈmɛsɪʤɪz prəˈdust baɪ ðə ˈʤərmənz' nu (ˈsikrɪt ˈraɪtər) məˈʃin. ðɪs wɑz ə ˈroʊtər ˈsaɪfər əˈtæʧmənt ˈtəni æt pɑrk. wɑz ə ˈmɛθəd əv wheel-breaking*, i.e*., ə prəˈsiʤər fər ˈwərkɪŋ aʊt ðə kæm ˈsɛtɪŋz əv hi ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪntrəˈdust ðə ˈtəni tim tɪ ˈtɑmi flaʊərz hu, ˈəndər ðə ˈgaɪdəns əv mæks ˈnumən, wɛnt ɔn tɪ bɪld ðə kəˈlɑsəs kəmˈpjutər, ðə wərldz fərst ˈproʊˌgræməbəl ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk kəmˈpjutər, wɪʧ ˌriˈpleɪst ə ˈsɪmpələr praɪər məˈʃin (ðə hiθ ˈrɑbənsən), ənd huz suˈpɪriər spid əˈlaʊd ðə stəˈtɪstɪkəl tɛkˈniks tɪ bi əˈplaɪd ˈjusfəli tɪ ðə səm hæv mɪˈsteɪkənli sɛd ðət ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ə ki ˈfɪgjər ɪn ðə dɪˈzaɪn əv ðə kəˈlɑsəs kəmˈpjutər. ənd ðə stəˈtɪstɪkəl əˈproʊʧ əv ənˈdaʊtɪdli fɛd ˈɪntu ðə ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt əv ðə lərˈɛnts bət hi wɑz nɑt dɪˈrɛkli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə kəˈlɑsəs dɪˈlaɪlə ˈɛdət ˈfɑloʊɪŋ hɪz wərk æt bɛl læbz ɪn ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ pərˈsud ðə aɪˈdiə əv ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk əv spiʧ ɪn ðə ˈtɛləˌfoʊn ˈsɪstəm. ɪn ðə ˈlætər pɑrt əv ðə wɔr, hi muvd ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ wərk fər ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈreɪdiˌoʊ sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsərvɪs (ˈleɪtər hmgcc*) æt pɑrk. æt ðə pɑrk, hi ˈfərðər dɪˈvɛləpt hɪz ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪks wɪθ ðə əˈsɪstəns əv ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr ˈdɑnəld ˈbeɪli. təˈgɛðər ðeɪ ˌəndərˈtʊk ðə dɪˈzaɪn ənd kənˈstrəkʃən əv ə ˈpɔrtəbəl sɪˈkjʊr vɔɪs kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz məˈʃin ðə məˈʃin wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd fər ˈdɪfərənt ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz, bət ɪt lækt ðə ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti fər juz wɪθ ˌlɔŋˈdistəns ˈreɪdiˌoʊ trænzˈmɪʃənz. ɪn ˈɛni keɪs, dɪˈlaɪlə wɑz kəmˈplitɪd tu leɪt tɪ bi juzd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə wɔr. ðoʊ ðə ˈsɪstəm wərkt ˈfʊli, wɪθ ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪŋ ɪt tɪ əˈfɪʃəlz baɪ ənd ə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ əv ə ˈwɪnstən ˈʧərʧɪl spiʧ, dɪˈlaɪlə wɑz nɑt əˈdɑptəd fər ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈsəltɪd wɪθ bɛl læbz ɔn ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv sigsaly*, ə sɪˈkjʊr vɔɪs ˈsɪstəm ðət wɑz juzd ɪn ðə ˈleɪtər jɪrz əv ðə wɔr. ˈərli kəmˈpjutərz ənd ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ tɛst ˈɛdət bɪtˈwin 1945 ənd 1947 ˈtʊrɪŋ lɪvd ɪn ˈhæmptən, waɪl hi wərkt ɔn ðə dɪˈzaɪn əv ðə eɪs (ˌɔtəˈmætɪk kəmˈpjutɪŋ ˈɪnʤən) æt ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈlæbrəˌtɔri (npl*). hi pərˈzɛnəd ə ˈpeɪpər ɔn 19 ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1946 wɪʧ wɑz ðə fərst dɪˈteɪld dɪˈzaɪn əv ə vɔn ˌɪnkəmˈplit fərst dræft əv ə rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə hæd ˈpriˈdeɪtɪd ˈpeɪpər, bət ɪt wɑz məʧ lɛs dɪˈteɪld ənd, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ʤɑn ɑr. womersley*, ˌsupərɪnˈtɛndənt əv ðə ˌmæθəˈmætɪks dɪˈvɪʒən, ɪt "kənˈteɪnz ə ˈnəmbər əv aɪˈdiəz wɪʧ ər ˈdɑktər. ˌɔlˈðoʊ eɪs wɑz ə ˈfizəbəl dɪˈzaɪn, ðə ˈsikrəsi sərˈaʊndɪŋ ðə ˈwɔrˌtaɪm wərk æt pɑrk lɛd tɪ dɪˈleɪz ɪn ˈstɑrtɪŋ ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt ənd hi bɪˈkeɪm ˌdɪsɪˈluʒənd. ɪn leɪt 1947 hi rɪˈtərnd tɪ ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ fər ə səˈbætɪkəl jɪr ˈdʊrɪŋ wɪʧ hi prəˈdust ə ˈsɛmənəl wərk ɔn ˌɪnˈtɛləʤənt məˈʃinəri ðət wɑz nɑt ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn hɪz waɪl hi wɑz æt ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ, ðə ˈpaɪlət eɪs wɑz biɪŋ bɪlt ɪn hɪz ˈæbsəns. ɪt ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd ɪts fərst ˈproʊˌgræm ɔn 10 meɪ 1950 ənd ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈleɪtər kəmˈpjutərz əraʊnd ðə wərld oʊ məʧ tɪ ɪt, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ ɪˈlɛktrɪk dus ənd ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈbɛndɪks ðə fʊl ˈvərʒən əv eɪs wɑz nɑt bɪlt ənˈtɪl ˈæftər hɪz əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈmɛmˌwɑrz əv ðə ˈʤərmən kəmˈpjutər ˌpaɪəˈnɪr haɪnz ˈbɪlɪŋ frəm ðə mæks plæŋk ˈɪnstɪˌtut fər ˈfɪzɪks, ˈpəblɪʃt baɪ ˈgɛnʃər, düsseldorf*, ðɛr wɑz ə ˈmitɪŋ bɪtˈwin ˈtʊrɪŋ ənd ˈkɑnrəd ɪt tʊk pleɪs ɪn ɪn 1947 ðə ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən hæd ðə fɔrm əv ə kəˈloʊkwiəm. pɑrˈtɪsəpənts wər womersley*, ˈtʊrɪŋ, ˈpɔrtər frəm ˈɪŋglənd ənd ə fju ˈʤərmən ˈrisərʧərz laɪk, ˈwɔlθər, ənd ˈbɪlɪŋ (fər mɔr ˈditeɪlz si ˈhərbərt bruderer*, ˈkɑnrəd ənd daɪ schweiz*). ɪn 1948 ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz əˈpɔɪntɪd ˈridər ɪn ðə ˌmæθəˈmætɪks dɪˈpɑrtmənt æt ðə vɪkˈtɔriə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmænˌʧɛstər. ə jɪr ˈleɪtər, hi bɪˈkeɪm ˈdɛpjəti dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə kəmˈpjutɪŋ məˈʃin ˈlæbrəˌtɔri, wɛr hi wərkt ɔn ˈsɔfˌwɛr fər wən əv ðə ˈərliəst ˈmænˌʧɛstər mɑrk 1 ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs taɪm, hi kənˈtɪnjud tɪ du mɔr ˈæbˌstrækt wərk ɪn ənd ɪn "kəmˈpjutɪŋ məˈʃinəri ənd ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns" (maɪnd, ɑkˈtoʊbər 1950 ˈtʊrɪŋ əˈdrɛst ðə ˈprɑbləm əv ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns, ənd prəˈpoʊzd ən ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ðət bɪˈkeɪm noʊn ɛz ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ tɛst, ən əˈtɛmpt tɪ dɪˈfaɪn ə ˈstændərd fər ə məˈʃin tɪ bi kɔld "ˌɪnˈtɛləʤənt". ðə aɪˈdiə wɑz ðət ə kəmˈpjutər kʊd bi sɛd tɪ "θɪŋk" ɪf ə ˈjumən ˌɪnˈtɛrəˌgeɪtər kʊd nɑt tɛl ɪt əˈpɑrt, θru ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən, frəm ə ˈjumən ɪn ðə ˈpeɪpər, ˈtʊrɪŋ səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ˈrəðər ðən ˈbɪldɪŋ ə ˈproʊˌgræm tɪ ˈsɪmjəˌleɪt ðə ˈædəlt maɪnd, ɪt wʊd bi ˈbɛtər ˈrəðər tɪ ˈproʊdus ə ˈsɪmpələr wən tɪ ˈsɪmjəˌleɪt ə ʧaɪldz maɪnd ənd ðɛn tɪ ˈsəbʤɪkt ɪt tɪ ə kɔrs əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən. ə rɪˈvərst fɔrm əv ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ tɛst ɪz ˈwaɪdli juzd ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt; ðə tɛst ɪz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ dɪˈtərmən ˈwɛðər ðə ˈjuzər ɪz ə ˈjumən ər ə kəmˈpjutər. ɪn 1948 ˈtʊrɪŋ, ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ hɪz ˈfɔrmər ˌəndərˈgræʤəwət ˈkɑlig, d.g*. champernowne*, bɪˈgæn ˈraɪtɪŋ ə ʧɛs ˈproʊˌgræm fər ə kəmˈpjutər ðət dɪd nɑt jɛt ɪgˈzɪst. baɪ 1950 ðə ˈproʊˌgræm wɑz kəmˈplitɪd ənd dəbd ðə ɪn 1952 hi traɪd tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ɪt ɔn ə fɛˈrænti mɑrk 1 bət ˈlækɪŋ ɪˈnəf paʊər, ðə kəmˈpjutər wɑz əˈneɪbəl tɪ ˈɛksəˌkjut ðə ˈproʊˌgræm. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ˈtʊrɪŋ "ræn" ðə ˈproʊˌgræm baɪ ˈflɪpɪŋ θru ðə ˈpeɪʤɪz əv ðə ˈælgərˌɪðəm ənd ˈkɛriɪŋ aʊt ɪts ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz ɔn ə ˈʧɛsˌbɔrd, ˈteɪkɪŋ əˈbaʊt hæf ən aʊər pər muv. ðə geɪm wɑz əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈgɛri ˈkæspərɑv, ˈproʊˌgræm "pleɪd ə ˌrɛkəgˈnaɪzəbəl geɪm əv ðə ˈproʊˌgræm lɔst tɪ ˈkɑlig ˈglɛni, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt ɪz sɛd ðət ɪt wən ə geɪm əˈgɛnst waɪf, hɪz ˈtʊrɪŋ tɛst wɑz ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt, ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪkli proʊˈvɑkətɪv, ənd ˈlæstɪŋ ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ ðə dəˈbeɪt rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns, wɪʧ kənˈtɪnjuz ˈæftər mɔr ðən hæf ə hi ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈvɛntɪd ðə lu ˌdikəmpəˈzɪʃən ˈmɛθəd ɪn juzd təˈdeɪ fər ˈsɑlvɪŋ ˈmeɪtrɪks ˈpætərn fɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl baɪˈɑləʤi ˈɛdət wɪn ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz 39 jɪrz oʊld ɪn 1951 hi tərnd tɪ ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl baɪˈɑləʤi, ˈfaɪnəli ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ hɪz ˈmæstərˌpis "ðə ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈbeɪsɪs əv ˌmɔrfəˈʤɛnəsəs" ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1952 hi wɑz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˌmɔrfəˈʤɛnəsəs, ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ˈpætərnz ənd ʃeɪps ɪn ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈɔrgəˌnɪzəmz. əˈməŋ ˈəðər θɪŋz, hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ˌfɪbəˈnɑʧi phyllotaxis*, ðə ɪgˈzɪstəns əv ˌfɪbəˈnɑʧi ˈnəmbərz ɪn plænt hi səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ə ˈsɪstəm əv ˈkɛmɪkəlz riˈæktɪŋ wɪθ iʧ ˈəðər ənd dɪfˈjuzɪŋ əˈkrɔs speɪs, tərmd ə ˈsɪstəm, kʊd əˈkaʊnt fər "ðə meɪn fəˈnɑmənə əv hi juzd ˈsɪstəmz əv ˈpɑrʃəl ˌdɪfərˈɛnʃəl ɪkˈweɪʒənz tɪ ˈmɑdəl ˌkætəˈlɪtɪk ˈkɛmɪkəl riˈækʃənz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ɪf ə ˈkætəˌlɪst ə ɪz rikˈwaɪərd fər ə ˈsərtən ˈkɛmɪkəl riˈækʃən tɪ teɪk pleɪs, ənd ɪf ðə riˈækʃən prəˈdust mɔr əv ðə ˈkætəˌlɪst ə, ðɛn wi seɪ ðət ðə riˈækʃən ɪz autocatalytic*, ənd ðɛr ɪz ˈpɑzətɪv ˈfidˌbæk ðət kən bi baɪ nɑnˈlɪˌniər ˌdɪfərˈɛnʃəl ɪkˈweɪʒənz. ˈtʊrɪŋ dɪˈskəvərd ðət ˈpætərnz kʊd bi kriˈeɪtɪd ɪf ðə ˈkɛmɪkəl riˈækʃən nɑt ˈoʊnli prəˈdust ˈkætəˌlɪst ə, bət ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈdust ən ˌɪnˈhɪbətər bi ðət sloʊd daʊn ðə pərˈdəkʃən əv ə. ɪf ə ənd bi ðɛn dɪfˈjuzd θru ðə kənˈteɪnər æt ˈdɪfərənt reɪts, ðɛn ju kʊd hæv səm ˈriʤənz wɛr ə ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd ənd səm wɛr bi dɪd. tɪ ˈkælkjəˌleɪt ðə ɪkˈstɛnt əv ðɪs, ˈtʊrɪŋ wʊd hæv ˈnidɪd ə ˈpaʊərfəl kəmˈpjutər, bət ðiz wər nɑt soʊ ˈfrili əˈveɪləbəl ɪn 1951 soʊ hi hæd tɪ juz ˈlɪniər əˌprɑksəˈmeɪʃənz tɪ sɑlv ðə ɪkˈweɪʒənz baɪ hænd. ðiz ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃənz geɪv ðə raɪt kˈwɑləˌteɪtɪv rɪˈzəlts, ənd prəˈdust, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ə ˈjunəˌfɔrm ˈmɪksʧər ðət ˈɑdli ɪˈnəf hæd ˈrɛgjələrli speɪst fɪkst rɛd spɑts. ðə ˈrəʃən ˌbaɪoʊˈkɛmɪst ˈbɔrɪs hæd pərˈfɔrmd ɪkˈspɛrəmənts wɪθ ˈsɪmələr rɪˈzəlts, bət kʊd nɑt gɪt hɪz ˈpeɪpərz ˈpəblɪʃt bɪˈkəz əv ðə kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈprɛʤədɪs ðət ˈɛni səʧ θɪŋ ˈvaɪəleɪtɪd ðə ˈsɛkənd lɔ əv thermodynamics*. wɑz nɑt əˈwɛr əv ˈpeɪpər ɪn ðə ˌfɪləˈsɑfɪkəl trænˈzækʃənz əv ðə rɔɪəl ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈpəblɪʃt ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈstrəkʧər ənd roʊl əv ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ wɑz ˌəndərˈstʊd, wərk ɔn ˌmɔrfəˈʤɛnəsəs rɪˈmeɪnz ˈrɛləvənt təˈdeɪ ənd ɪz kənˈsɪdərd ə ˈsɛmənəl pis əv wərk ɪn ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl wən əv ðə ˈərli ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz əv ˈpeɪpər wɑz ðə wərk baɪ ʤeɪmz ˈməri ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ spɑts ənd straɪps ɔn ðə fər əv kæts, lɑrʤ ənd ˈfərðər ˈrisərʧ ɪn ðə ˈɛriə səˈʤɛsts ðət wərk kən ˈpɑrʃəli ɪkˈspleɪn ðə groʊθ əv "ˈfɛðərz, hɛr ˈfɑlɪkəlz, ðə ˈbrænʧɪŋ ˈpætərn əv ləŋz, ənd ˈivɪn ðə ˌeɪˈsɪmətri ðət pʊts ðə hɑrt ɔn ðə lɛft saɪd əv ðə ɪn 2012 ʃɛθ, ɛt æl. faʊnd ðət ɪn maɪs, rɪˈmuvəl əv ʤinz ˈkɔzɪz ən ˌɪnˈkris ɪn ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈdɪʤɪts wɪˈθaʊt ən ˌɪnˈkris ɪn ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl saɪz əv ðə lɪm, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ʤinz kənˈtroʊl ˈdɪʤɪt fɔrˈmeɪʃən baɪ ˈtunɪŋ ðə ˈweɪvˌlɛŋθ əv ə ˈleɪtər ˈpeɪpərz wər nɑt əˈveɪləbəl ənˈtɪl kəˈlɛktəd wərks əv ə. ɛm. ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ˈpərsɪnəl laɪf ˈɛdət ɪn 1941 ˈtʊrɪŋ prəˈpoʊzd ˈmɛrɪʤ tɪ hət 8 ˈkɑlig ʤoʊn klɑrk, ə ˈfɛloʊ ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃən ənd, bət ðɛr ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt wɑz ˌʃɔrˈtlɪvd. ˈæftər ədˈmɪtɪŋ hɪz ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti tɪ hɪz fiancée*, hu wɑz rɪˈpɔrtədli "ənˈfeɪzd" baɪ ðə ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃən, ˈtʊrɪŋ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət hi kʊd nɑt goʊ θru wɪθ ðə kənˈvɪkʃən fər ˌɪnˈdisənsi ˈɛdət ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1952 ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz 39 wɪn hi ˈstɑrtɪd ə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈɑrnəld ˈməri, ə ˌənɛmˈplɔɪd mæn. ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ˈkrɪsməs, ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈwɔkɪŋ daʊn ˈɑksfərd roʊd wɪn hi mɛt ˈməri ʤɪst ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈrigəl ˈsɪnəmə ənd ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd ɪm tɪ lənʧ. ɔn 23 ˈʤænjuˌɛri, haʊs wɑz burgled*. ˈməri toʊld ˈtʊrɪŋ ðət hi ənd ðə ˈbərglər wər əkˈweɪnɪd, ənd ˈtʊrɪŋ ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðə kraɪm tɪ ðə pəˈlis. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən, hi ækˈnɑlɪʤd ə ˈsɛkʃuəl riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈməri. ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuəl ækts wər ˈkrɪmənəl ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm æt ðət ənd boʊθ mɛn wər ʧɑrʤd wɪθ "groʊs ˌɪnˈdisənsi" ˈəndər ˈsɛkʃən 11 əv ðə ˈkrɪmənəl lɔ əˈmɛndmənt ækt ˌɪˈnɪʃəl kəˈmɪtəl prəˈsidɪŋz fər ðə traɪəl wər hɛld ɔn 27 ˈfɛbruˌɛri ˈdʊrɪŋ wɪʧ səˈlɪsətər "rɪˈzərvd hɪz dɪˈfɛns", i.e*., dɪd nɑt ˈɑrgju ər prəˈvaɪd ˈɛvədəns əˈgɛnst ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz. ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈleɪtər kənˈvɪnst baɪ ðə ədˈvaɪs əv hɪz ˈbrəðər ənd hɪz oʊn səˈlɪsətər, ənd hi ˈɛnərd ə pli əv ðə keɪs, rɪˈʤinə vi. ˈtʊrɪŋ ənd ˈməri, wɑz brɔt tɪ traɪəl ɔn 31 mɑrʧ ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz kənˈvɪktəd ənd ˈgɪvɪn ə ʧɔɪs bɪtˈwin ˌɪmˈprɪzənmənt ənd proʊˈbeɪʃən, wɪʧ wʊd bi kənˈdɪʃənəl ɔn hɪz əˈgrimənt tɪ ˌəndərˈgoʊ ˈhɔrˌmoʊnəl ˈtritmənt dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ rɪˈdus ləˈbaɪˌdoʊ. hi ækˈsɛptɪd ðə ˈɔpʃən əv ˈtritmənt ˈviə ˌɪnˈʤɛkʃənz əv wət wɑz ðɛn kɔld (naʊ noʊn ɛz ər dɪ), ə sɪnˈθɛtɪk oestrogen*; ðɪs ˈtritmənt wɑz kənˈtɪnjud fər ðə kɔrs əv wən jɪr. ðə ˈtritmənt ˈrɛndərd ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈɪmpətənt ənd kɔzd fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈlɪtərəl sɛns priˈdɪkʃən ðət "noʊ daʊt aɪ ʃæl ˈimərʤ frəm ɪt ɔl ə ˈdɪfərənt mæn, bət kwaɪt hu aɪv nɑt faʊnd ˈməri wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ə kənˈdɪʃənəl kənˈvɪkʃən lɛd tɪ ðə rɪˈmuvəl əv hɪz sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈklɪrəns ənd bɑrd ɪm frəm kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ wɪθ hɪz kənˈsəltənsi fər ðə ˈgəvərnmənt kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz (gchq*), ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈsɪgnəlz ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈeɪʤənsi ðət hæd ɪˈvɑlvd frəm ɪn 1946 ðoʊ hi kɛpt hɪz ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ʤɑb. hi wɑz dɪˈnaɪd ˈɛntri ˈɪntu ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈæftər hɪz kənˈvɪkʃən ɪn 1952 bət wɑz fri tɪ ˈvɪzɪt ˈəðər ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈkəntriz. ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈnɛvər əˈkjuzd əv ˈɛspiənɑʤ bət, ɪn ˈkɑmən wɪθ ɔl hu hæd wərkt æt pɑrk, hi wɑz prɪˈvɛnɪd baɪ ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˈsikrɪts ækt frəm dɪˈskəsɪŋ hɪz wɔr dɛθ ˈɛdət ɔn 8 ʤun 1954 ˈhaʊˌskipər faʊnd ɪm dɛd; hi hæd daɪd ðə ˈpriviəs deɪ. ˈsaɪˌnaɪd ˈpɔɪzənɪŋ wɑz ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɛz ðə kɔz əv wɪn hɪz ˈbɑdi wɑz dɪˈskəvərd, ən ˈæpəl leɪ ˌbiˈsaɪd hɪz bɛd, ənd ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ˈæpəl wɑz nɑt ˈtɛstɪd fər ɪt wɑz ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət ðɪs wɑz ðə minz baɪ wɪʧ ˈtʊrɪŋ hæd kənˈsumd ə ˈfeɪtəl doʊs. ən ˈɪnkˌwɛst dɪˈtərmənd ðət hi hæd kəˈmɪtɪd ˈsuɪˌsaɪd. ˈændru ˈhɑʤɪz ənd əˈnəðər baɪˈɑgrəfər, ˈdeɪvɪd ˈlɛvɪt, hæv boʊθ ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ə sin frəm ðə wɔlt ˈdɪzni fɪlm snoʊ waɪt ənd ðə ˈsɛvən dwɔrfs 1937 hɪz ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈfɛri teɪl. boʊθ mɛn ˈnoʊtɪd ðət (ɪn wərdz) hi tʊk "ən əˈspɛʃəli kin ˈplɛʒər ɪn ðə sin wɛr ðə ˈwɪkəd kwin hər ˈæpəl ɪn ðə ˈpɔɪzənəs rɪˈmeɪnz wər ˈkrimeɪtɪd æt kriməˈtɔriəm ɔn 12 ʤun ənd hɪz ˈæʃɪz wər ˈskætərd ɪn ðə ˈgɑrdənz əv ðə kriməˈtɔriəm, ʤɪst ɛz hɪz ˈfɑðərz hæd fəˈlɑsəfi prəˈfɛsər ʤæk ˈkoʊplənd həz kˈwɛsʧənd ˈvɛriəs ˈæˌspɛkts əv ðə ˈkɔrənərz hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈvərdɪkt. hi səˈʤɛstɪd ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən fər ðə kɔz əv dɛθ: ðə ˌæksəˈdɛnəl ˌɪnhəˈleɪʃən əv ˈsaɪˌnaɪd fjumz frəm ən ˌæpərˈætəs juzd tɪ ˌɪˈlɛktrəˌpleɪt goʊld ˈɔntu spunz. ðə pəˈtæsiəm ˈsaɪˌnaɪd wɑz juzd tɪ dɪˈzɑlv ðə goʊld. ˈtʊrɪŋ hæd səʧ ən ˌæpərˈætəs sɛt əp ɪn hɪz ˈtaɪni spɛr rum. ˈkoʊplənd ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ðə ˈɔˌtɑpsi ˈfaɪndɪŋz wər mɔr kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ ˌɪnhəˈleɪʃən ðən wɪθ ˌɪnˈʤɛsʧən əv ðə ˈpɔɪzən. ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈɔlsoʊ həˈbɪʧuəli eɪt ən ˈæpəl ˌbiˈfɔr goʊɪŋ tɪ bɛd, ənd ɪt wɑz nɑt ənˈjuˌʒuəl fər ðə ˈæpəl tɪ bi dɪˈskɑrdɪd ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ˈtʊrɪŋ hæd rɪˈpɔrtədli bɔrn hɪz ˈligəl ˈsɛtˌbæks ənd ˈhɔrˌmoʊn ˈtritmənt (wɪʧ hæd bɪn dɪskənˈtɪnjud ə jɪr ˈpriviəsli) "wɪθ gʊd ˈhjumər" ənd hæd ʃoʊn noʊ saɪn əv dɪˈspɑndənsi praɪər tɪ hɪz dɛθ. hi ˈivɪn sɛt daʊn ə lɪst əv tæsks ðət hi ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ kəmˈplit əˈpɑn rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ hɪz ˈɔfəs ˈæftər ðə ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ ˈməðər bɪˈlivd ðət ðə ˌɪnˈʤɛsʧən wɑz ˌæksəˈdɛnəl, rɪˈzəltɪŋ frəm hər sənz ˈkɛrlɛs ˈstɔrɪʤ əv ˈlæbrəˌtɔri baɪˈɑgrəfər ˈændru ˈhɑʤɪz ðət ˈtʊrɪŋ əreɪnʤd ðə dɪˈlɪvəri əv ðə ɪkˈwɪpmənt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ dɪˈlɪbərətli əˈlaʊ hɪz ˈməðər ˈplɔzəbəl dɪˌnaɪəˈbɪlɪti ɪn rɪˈgɑrd tɪ ˈɛni ˈsuɪˌsaɪd kənˈspɪrəsi θiərɪsts ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ðət ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ðə kɔz əv ˌɪnˈtɛns æŋˈzaɪəti tɪ ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ əˈθɔrətiz æt ðə taɪm əv hɪz dɛθ. ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈsərvɪsɪz fɪrd ðət ˈkɑmjənəsts wʊd ɪnˈtræp ˈprɑmənənt ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkˌʃuəlz ənd juz ðɛm tɪ ˈgæðər ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns. ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz stɪl ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn ˈhaɪli ˈklæsəˌfaɪd wərk wɪn hi wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ə ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuəl hu ɪn ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈkəntriz nɪr ðə aɪərn ˈkərtən. ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈsərvɪsɪz kənˈsɪdərd ɪm tu greɪt ə sɪˈkjʊrəti rɪsk ənd əˈsæsəˌneɪtəd wən əv ðə moʊst ˈbrɪljənt maɪndz ɪn ðɛr ˈtʊrɪŋ bɪˈlivd ɪn ˌɛkstrəˈsɛnsəri ˈnidɪd] ənd ɪt həz bɪn səˈʤɛstɪd ðət hɪz bɪˈlif ɪn meɪ hæv kɔzd hɪz dɪˈprɛst mud. ɛz ə juθ, ˈtʊrɪŋ hæd bɪn toʊld baɪ ə ˈʤɪpsi ðət hi wʊd bi ə ˈʃɔrtli ˌbiˈfɔr hɪz dɛθ, ˈdʊrɪŋ ə tɪ si wɪθ ðə ˈgrinˌbaʊm family,[when*?] ˈtʊrɪŋ əˈgɛn ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ kənˈsəlt ə əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə greenbaums*' ˈdɔtər, ˈbɑrbərə: bət ɪt wɑz ə ˈləvli ˈsəni deɪ ənd ˈælən wɑz ɪn ə ˈʧɪrfəl mud ənd ɔf wi wɛnt... ðɛn hi θɔt ɪt wʊd bi ə gʊd aɪˈdiə tɪ goʊ tɪ ðə ˈplɛʒər biʧ æt ˈblækˌpul. wi faʊnd ə tɛnt ənd ˈælən sɛd hid laɪk tɪ goʊ ɪn soʊ wi ˈweɪtɪd əraʊnd fər ɪm tɪ kəm bæk... ənd ðɪs ˈsəni, ˈʧɪrfəl ˈvɪzəʤ hæd ʃrəŋk ˈɪntu ə peɪl, ˈʃeɪkɪŋ, feɪs. ˈsəmθɪŋ hæd ˈhæpənd. wi doʊnt noʊ wət ðə sɛd bət hi ˈɑbviəsli wɑz ˈdipli ənˈhæpi. aɪ θɪŋk ðət wɑz ˈprɑbəˌbli ðə læst taɪm wi sɔ ɪm ˌbiˈfɔr wi hərd əv hɪz ˈgəvərnmənt əˈpɑləˌʤi ənd ˈpɑrdən ˈɛdət ɪn ˈɔgəst 2009 ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈproʊˌgræmər ʤɑn ˈstɑrtɪd ə pəˈtɪʃən ˈərʤɪŋ ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz fər ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən ɛz ə ðə pəˈtɪʃən rɪˈsivd mɔr ðən ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər, ˈgɔrdən braʊn, ækˈnɑlɪʤd ðə pəˈtɪʃən, riˈlisɪŋ ə ˈsteɪtmənt ɔn 10 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2009 əˈpɑləˌʤaɪzɪŋ ənd dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ðə ˈtritmənt əv ˈtʊrɪŋ ɛz ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈpipəl hæv kəm təˈgɛðər tɪ dɪˈmænd ˈʤəstɪs fər ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ ənd ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən əv ðə əˈpɔlɪŋ weɪ hi wɑz ˈtritɪd. waɪl ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz dɛlt wɪθ ˈəndər ðə lɔ əv ðə taɪm ənd wi kænt pʊt ðə klɑk bæk, hɪz ˈtritmənt wɑz əv kɔrs ˈətərli ˌɔnˈfɛr ənd aɪ æm plizd tɪ hæv ðə ʧæns tɪ seɪ haʊ ˈdipli ˈsɑri aɪ ənd wi ɔl ər fər wət ˈhæpənd tɪ ɪm soʊ ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənt, ənd ɔl ðoʊz hu lɪv ˈfrili θæŋks tɪ ˈælənz wərk aɪ æm ˈvɛri praʊd tɪ seɪ: wɪr ˈsɑri, ju dɪˈzərvd soʊ məʧ ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər 2011 ˈwɪljəm ʤoʊnz kriˈeɪtɪd ən rɪkˈwɛstɪŋ ðət ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənt ˈpɑrdən ˈtʊrɪŋ fər hɪz kənˈvɪkʃən əv "groʊs wi æsk ðə həm ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ grænt ə ˈpɑrdən tɪ ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ fər ðə kənˈvɪkʃən əv "groʊs ˌɪnˈdisənsi". ɪn 1952 hi wɑz kənˈvɪktəd əv "groʊs ˌɪnˈdisənsi" wɪθ əˈnəðər mæn ənd wɑz fɔrst tɪ ˌəndərˈgoʊ ˈsoʊˈkɔld ˌkæˈstreɪʃən. tu jɪrz ˈleɪtər, hi kɪld hɪmˈsɛlf wɪθ ˈsaɪˌnaɪd, ˈeɪʤɪd ʤɪst 41 ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈdrɪvən tɪ ə ˈtɛrəbəl dɪˈspɛr ənd ˈərli dɛθ baɪ ðə ˈneɪʃən hid dən soʊ məʧ tɪ seɪv. ðɪs rɪˈmeɪnz ə ʃeɪm ɔn ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈhɪstəri. ə ˈpɑrdən kən goʊ səm weɪ tɪ ˈhilɪŋ ðɪs ˈdæmɪʤ. ɪt meɪ ækt ɛz ən əˈpɑləˌʤi tɪ ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈəðər geɪ mɛn, nɑt ɛz ˈwɛlˈnoʊn ɛz ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ, hu wər səˈbʤɛktɪd tɪ ðiz ðə pəˈtɪʃən ˈgæðərd ˈoʊvər ənd wɑz səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ˈmænˌʧɛstər ʤɑn liʧ bət ðə rɪkˈwɛst wɑz dɪˈskərɪʤd baɪ ˈʤəstɪs ˈmɪnɪstər lɔrd məkˈnæˌli, hu ə ˈpɑsʧʊməs ˈpɑrdən wɑz nɑt kənˈsɪdərd əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ɛz ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈprɑpərli kənˈvɪktəd əv wət æt ðə taɪm wɑz ə ˈkrɪmənəl. hi wʊd hæv noʊn ðət hɪz wɑz əˈgɛnst ðə lɔ ənd ðət hi wʊd bi ˈprɑsɪˌkjutɪd. ɪt ɪz ˈtræʤɪk ðət ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz kənˈvɪktəd əv ən ðət naʊ simz boʊθ kruəl ənd ˈpɔɪnjənt ˈgɪvɪn hɪz ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ ðə wɔr ˈɛfərt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə lɔ æt ðə taɪm rikˈwaɪərd ə ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən ənd, ɛz səʧ, ˈpɑləsi həz bɪn tɪ əkˈsɛpt ðət səʧ kənˈvɪkʃənz tʊk pleɪs ənd, ˈrəðər ðən traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈɔltər ðə hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈkɑntɛkst ənd tɪ pʊt raɪt wət ˈkænɑt bi pʊt raɪt, ɪnˈʃʊr ˌɪnˈstɛd ðət wi ˈnɛvər əˈgɛn rɪˈtərn tɪ ðoʊz ʤɑn liʧ, ðə fər ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈwɪθɪŋtən səbˈmɪtəd ˈsɛvərəl bɪlz tɪ ənd kæmˈpeɪnd wɪθ ʤoʊnz tɪ sɪˈkjʊr ðə ˈpɑrdən. liʧ meɪd ðə keɪs ɪn ðə haʊs əv ˈkɑmənz ðət ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ ðə wɔr meɪd ɪm ə ˈnæʃənəl ˈhɪroʊ ənd ðət ɪt wɑz "ˈəltəmətli ʤɪst ɪmˈbɛrəsɪŋ" ðət ðə kənˈvɪkʃən stɪl liʧ kənˈtɪnjud tɪ teɪk ðə bɪl θru ˈpɑrləmɛnt ənd kæmˈpeɪnd fər ˈsɛvərəl jɪrz ənˈtɪl ɪt wɑz æt ðə prɛˈmɪr əv ə fɪlm beɪst ɔn laɪf, ðə ˌɪməˈteɪʃən geɪm, ðə prəˈdusərz θæŋkt liʧ fər ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðə ˈtɑpɪk tɪ ˈpəblɪk əˈtɛnʃən ənd sɪˈkjʊrɪŋ hɪz kæmˈpeɪn tərnd tɪ əkˈwaɪərɪŋ ˈpɑrdənz fər ðə ˈəðər mɛn kənˈvɪktəd əv ðə seɪm kraɪm. kæmˈpeɪn geɪnd ˈpəblɪk səˈpɔrt frəm ˈlidɪŋ ˈsaɪəntɪsts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈstivən ɔn 26 ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2012 ə bɪl wɑz ˌɪntrəˈdust ɪn ðə haʊs əv lɔrdz tɪ grænt ə ˈstæʧəˌtɔri ˈpɑrdən tɪ ˈtʊrɪŋ fər ˈəndər ˈsɛkʃən 11 əv ðə ˈkrɪmənəl lɔ əˈmɛndmənt ækt 1885 əv wɪʧ hi wɑz kənˈvɪktəd ɔn 31 mɑrʧ leɪt ɪn ðə jɪr ɪn ə ˈlɛtər tɪ ðə ˈdeɪli ˈtɛləˌgræf, ðə ˈfɪzɪsɪst ˈstivən ˈhɔkɪŋ ənd 10 ˈəðər ˈsɪgnəˌtɔriz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə əˈstrɑnəmər rɔɪəl lɔrd riz, ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə rɔɪəl soʊˈsaɪɪti sər pɔl nərs, ˈleɪdi (hu wərkt fər ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə wɔr) ənd lɔrd ˈʃɑrki (ðə bɪlz ˈspɑnsər) kɔld ɔn praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈdeɪvɪd ˈkæmərən tɪ ækt ɔn ðə ˈpɑrdən ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ɪt wʊd səˈpɔrt ðə ənd ɪt pæst ɪts θərd ˈrɛdɪŋ ɪn ðə lɔrdz ɪn æt ðə bɪlz ˈsɛkənd ˈrɛdɪŋ ɪn ðə haʊs əv ˈkɑmənz ɔn 29 noʊˈvɛmbər 2013 kənˈsərvətɪv ˈkrɪstəfər əˈbʤɛktəd tɪ ðə bɪl, dɪˈleɪɪŋ ɪts ˈpæsɪʤ. ðə bɪl wɑz du tɪ rɪˈtərn tɪ ðə haʊs əv ˈkɑmənz ɔn 28 ˈfɛbruˌɛri bət ˌbiˈfɔr ðə bɪl kʊd bi dəˈbeɪtɪd ɪn ðə haʊs əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ɪˈlɛktɪd tɪ pərˈsid ˈəndər ðə rɔɪəl ˈpərˈɑgətɪv əv ˈmərsi. ɔn 24 dɪˈsɛmbər 2013 kwin ɪˈlɪzəbɪθ saɪnd ə ˈpɑrdən fər kənˈvɪkʃən fər "groʊs ˌɪnˈdisənsi", wɪθ ˌɪˈmiˌdiət əˈnaʊnsɪŋ ðə ˈpɑrdən, lɔrd ˈʧænsələr krɪs ˈgreɪlɪŋ sɛd ˈtʊrɪŋ dɪˈzərvd tɪ bi "rɪˈmɛmbərd ənd ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd fər hɪz fænˈtæstɪk ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ ðə wɔr ˈɛfərt" ənd nɑt fər hɪz ˈleɪtər ˈkrɪmənəl ðə kwin əˈfɪʃəli prəˈnaʊnst ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈpɑrdənd ɪn ˈɔgəst ðə kwinz ˈækʃən ɪz ˈoʊnli ðə fɔrθ rɔɪəl ˈpɑrdən ˈgrænɪd sɪns ðə kənˈkluʒən əv ðə ˈsɛkənd wərld ˈpɑrdənz ər ˈnɔrməli ˈgrænɪd ˈoʊnli wɪn ðə ˈpərsən ɪz ˈtɛknɪkəli ˈɪnəsənt, ənd ə rɪkˈwɛst həz bɪn meɪd baɪ ðə ˈfæməli ər ˈəðər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ˈpɑrti; ˈniðər kənˈdɪʃən wɑz mɛt ɪn rɪˈgɑrd tɪ ɪn ə ˈlɛtər tɪ ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər, ˈdeɪvɪd ˈkæmərən, ˈjumən raɪts ˈædvəˌkeɪt ˈpitər ðə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˈsɪŋgəl aʊt ˈtʊrɪŋ du tɪ hɪz feɪm ənd əˈʧivmənts wɪn ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈəðərz kənˈvɪktəd ˈəndər ðə seɪm lɔ hæv nɑt rɪˈsivd ˈɔlsoʊ kɔld fər ə nu ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu dɛθ: ə nu ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ɪz lɔŋ ˈoʊvərˈdu, ˈivɪn ɪf ˈoʊnli tɪ dɪˈspɛl ˈɛni daʊts əˈbaʊt ðə tru kɔz əv hɪz ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən ðət hi wɑz ˈmərdərd baɪ ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsərvɪsɪz (ər ˈəðərz). aɪ θɪŋk ˈmərdər baɪ steɪt ˈeɪʤənts ɪz ənˈlaɪkli. ðɛr ɪz noʊ noʊn ˈɛvədəns ˈpɔɪntɪŋ tɪ ˈɛni səʧ ækt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈfeɪlɪŋ ðət ðɪs ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti həz ˈnɛvər bɪn kənˈsɪdərd ər ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər 2016 ðə ˈgəvərnmənt əˈnaʊnst ɪts ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən tɪ ɪkˈspænd ðɪs ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪv ɪgzɑnərˈeɪʃən tɪ ˈəðər mɛn kənˈvɪktəd əv ˈsɪmələr hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˌɪnˈdisənsi, ɪn wət wɑz dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz ən "ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ ðə ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ lɔ ɪz naʊ ən ˌɪnˈfɔrməl tərm fər ðə lɔ ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm, kənˈteɪnd ɪn ðə pəˈlisɪŋ ənd kraɪm ækt 2017 wɪʧ sərvz ɛz ən ˈæmnəsti lɔ tɪ ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪvli ˈpɑrdən mɛn hu wər ˈkɔʃənd ər kənˈvɪktəd ˈəndər hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ðət ˈaʊˌtlɔd ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuəl ækts. ðə lɔ əˈplaɪz ɪn ˈɪŋglənd ənd əˈwɔrdz,, ənd ˈtrɪbjuts ˈɛdət ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz əˈpɔɪntɪd ən ˈɔfɪsər əv ðə ˈɔrdər əv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈɛmpaɪər hi wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ɪˈlɛktɪd ə ˈfɛloʊ əv ðə rɔɪəl soʊˈsaɪɪti (frs*) ɪn ˈsɛvərəl θɪŋz ər neɪmd ɪn hɪz ˈɑnər: ˈpɑsʧʊməs ˈtrɪbjuts ˈɛdət ˈvɛriəs ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz hæv peɪd ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ˈtʊrɪŋ baɪ ˈneɪmɪŋ θɪŋz ˈæftər ɪm ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ: ə baɪˈɑgrəfi ˈpəblɪʃt baɪ ðə rɔɪəl soʊˈsaɪɪti ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər waɪl hɪz ˈwɔrˌtaɪm wərk wɑz stɪl ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˈsikrɪts ækt, rɪˈkɔrdɪd: θri rɪˈmɑrkəbəl ˈpeɪpərz ˈrɪtən ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ðə wɔr, ɔn θri dɪˈvərs ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl ˈsəbʤɪkts, ʃoʊ ðə kˈwɑləti əv ðə wərk ðət maɪt hæv bɪn prəˈdust ɪf hi hæd ˈsɛtəld daʊn tɪ wərk ɔn səm bɪg ˈprɑbləm æt ðət ˈkrɪtɪkəl taɪm. fər hɪz wərk æt ðə ˈfɔrən ˈɔfəs hi wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə sɪns 1966 ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ əˈwɔrd həz bɪn ˈgɪvɪn ˈænjuəli baɪ ðə əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən fər kəmˈpjutɪŋ məˈʃinəri fər ˈtɛknɪkəl ər ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz tɪ ðə kəmˈpjutɪŋ kəmˈjunɪti. ɪt ɪz ˈwaɪdli kənˈsɪdərd tɪ bi ðə kəmˈpjutɪŋ wərldz haɪəst ˈɑnər, ɪkˈwɪvələnt tɪ ðə noʊˈbɛl ɔn 23 ʤun 1998 ɔn wət wʊd hæv bɪn ˈbərθˌdeɪ, hɪz baɪˈɑgrəfər, ˈændru ˈhɑʤɪz, ənˈveɪld ən əˈfɪʃəl ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈhɛrɪtɪʤ blu plæk æt hɪz ˈbərθˌpleɪs ɪn ˈwɔrɪŋtən ˈkrɛsənt, ˈləndən, ˈleɪtər ðə ˌkɑləˈneɪd tɪ mɑrk ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv hɪz dɛθ, ə məˈmɔriəl plæk wɑz ənˈveɪld ɔn 7 ʤun 2004 æt hɪz ˈfɔrmər ˈrɛzɪdəns, hollymeade*, ɪn wilmslow*, ɔn 13 mɑrʧ 2000 seɪnt ˈvɪnsɪnt ənd ðə ˈɪʃud ə sɛt əv ˈpoʊstɪʤ stæmps tɪ ˈsɛləˌbreɪt ðə ˈgreɪtəst əˈʧivmənts əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri, wən əv wɪʧ ˈkɛriz ə ˈpɔrtrət əv ˈtʊrɪŋ əˈgɛnst ə ˈbækˌgraʊnd əv rɪˈpitɪd ənd 1s*, ənd ɪz ˈkæpʃənd: 1937 ˈælən ˈθɪri əv ˈdɪʤɪtəl kəmˈpjutɪŋ". ɔn 1 ˈeɪprəl 2003 wərk æt pɑrk wɑz neɪmd ən ɔn 28 ɑkˈtoʊbər 2004 ə brɑnz ˈstæˌʧu əv ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈskəlptɪd baɪ ʤɑn ˈdəbəlju. mɪlz wɑz ənˈveɪld æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈsəri ɪn, ˈmɑrkɪŋ ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv dɛθ; ɪt pɔrˈtreɪz ɪm ˈkɛriɪŋ hɪz bʊks əˈkrɔs ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz wən əv fɔr ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃənz ɪgˈzæmənd ɪn ðə ˌbibiˈsi ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri ɛnˈtaɪtəld ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈnɑlɪʤ ðə ˈprɪnstən əˈləmˌnaɪ ˈwikli neɪmd ˈtʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsɛkənd moʊst sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt əˈləmnəs ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈprɪnstən ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ˈsɛkənd ˈoʊnli tɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤeɪmz ˈmædɪsən. ə 1.5-ton*, ˈstæˌʧu əv ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ənˈveɪld ɔn 19 ʤun 2007 æt pɑrk. bɪlt frəm əˈprɑksəmətli hæf ə ˈmɪljən ˈpisɪz əv wɛlʧ sleɪt, ɪt wɑz ˈskəlptɪd baɪ ˈstivən ˈkɛtəl, ˈhævɪŋ bɪn kəˈmɪʃənd baɪ ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˌbɪljəˈnɛr ˈsɪdni ˈtʊrɪŋ həz bɪn ˈɑnərd ɪn ˈvɛriəs weɪz ɪn ˈmænˌʧɛstər, ðə ˈsɪti wɛr hi wərkt təˈwɔrdz ðə ɛnd əv hɪz laɪf. ɪn 1994 ə strɛʧ əv ðə roʊd (ðə ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti ˌɪnərˈmidiɪt rɪŋ roʊd) wɑz neɪmd "ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ weɪ". ə brɪʤ ˈkɛriɪŋ ðɪs roʊd wɑz ˈwaɪdənd, ənd ˈkɛriz ðə neɪm ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ brɪʤ. ə ˈstæˌʧu əv ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ənˈveɪld ɪn ˈmænˌʧɛstər ɔn 23 ʤun 2001 ɪn ˈsækˌvɪl pɑrk, bɪtˈwin ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈbɪldɪŋ ɔn ˈwɪtˌwərθ strit ənd kəˈnæl strit. ðə məˈmɔriəl ˈstæˌʧu dɪˈpɪkts ðə "ˈfɑðər əv kəmˈpjutər saɪəns" ˈsɪtɪŋ ɔn ə bɛnʧ æt ə ˈsɛntrəl pəˈzɪʃən ɪn ðə pɑrk. ˈtʊrɪŋ ɪz ʃoʊn ˈhoʊldɪŋ ən ˈæpəl. ðə kæst brɑnz bɛnʧ ˈkɛriz ɪn rɪˈlif ðə tɛkst 'ˈælən ˈmæθɪsən ˈtʊrɪŋ ənd ðə ˈmɑtoʊ 'ˈfaʊndər əv kəmˈpjutər saɪəns' ɛz ɪt kʊd əˈpɪr ɪf ɛnˈkoʊdɪd baɪ ən ɪˈnɪgmə məˈʃin: gubj*'. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈminɪŋ əv ðə ˈkoʊdɪd ˈmɛsɪʤ ɪz dɪˈspjutɪd, ɛz ðə 'ju' ɪn 'kəmˈpjutər' ˈmæʧɪz əp wɪθ ðə 'ju' ɪn 'adxuo*'. ɛz ə ˈlɛtər ɛnˈkoʊdɪd baɪ ən ɪˈnɪgmə məˈʃin kən nɑt əˈpɪr ɛz ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ðə ˈækʧəwəl ˈmɛsɪʤ bɪˈhaɪnd ðə koʊd ɪz ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈmɔriəl ˈstæˌʧu plæk ɪn ˈsækˌvɪl pɑrk, ˈmænˌʧɛstər ə plæk æt ðə fit ridz 'ˈfɑðər əv kəmˈpjutər saɪəns, ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃən, loʊˈʤɪʃən, ˈwɔrˌtaɪm ˈkoʊdˌbreɪkər, ˈvɪktɪm əv ˈprɛʤədɪs'. ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə ˈbərtrənd ˈrəsəl kwoʊˈteɪʃən: "ˌmæθəˈmætɪks, ˈraɪtli vjud, pəˈzɛsɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli truθ, bət səˈprim ˈbjuti koʊld ənd ɔˈstɪr, laɪk ðət əv ˈskəlpʧər." ðə ˈskəlptər ˈbɛrid hɪz oʊn oʊld ˈæmˌstræd kəmˈpjutər ˈəndər ðə plɪnθ ɛz ə ˈtrɪbjut tɪ "ðə ˈgɑdˌfɑðər əv ɔl ˈmɑdərn ɪn 1999 taɪm ˈmægəˌzin neɪmd ˈtʊrɪŋ ɛz wən əv ðə 100 moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈpipəl əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ənd ˈsteɪtɪd, "ðə fækt rɪˈmeɪnz ðət ˈɛvriˌwən hu tæps æt ə ˈkiˌbɔrd, ˈoʊpənɪŋ ə ˈsprɛdˌʃit ər ə ˈproʊˌgræm, ɪz ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ən ˌɪnˈkɑrˈneɪʃən əv ə ˈtʊrɪŋ ɪn 2002 ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ræŋkt tˈwɛntiˌfərst ɔn ðə ˌbibiˈsis poʊl əv ðə 100 ˈgreɪtəst ˈbrɪtənz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə ɪn 2006 ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈraɪtər ənd ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃən ʤeɪmz ʧoʊz ˈtʊrɪŋ ɛz wən əv tˈwɛnti ˈpipəl tɪ ˈfiʧər ɪn hɪz bʊk əˈbaʊt ˈfeɪməs hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈfɪgjərz hu meɪ hæv hæd səm əv ðə treɪts əv ɪn 2010 ʤeɪd ˈɛstəbɑn ɛˈstrɑdə pɔrˈtreɪd ˈtʊrɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsoʊˌloʊ mˈjuzɪkəl, ˈaɪˌkɑnz: ðə ˈlɛzbiən ənd geɪ ˈhɪstəri əv ðə wərld, vol*. 4 ɪn 2011 ɪn ðə ˈgɑrdiənz "maɪ ˈhɪroʊ" ˈsɪriz, ˈraɪtər ˈælən ˈgɑrnər ʧoʊz ˈtʊrɪŋ ɛz hɪz ˈhɪroʊ ənd dɪˈskraɪbd haʊ ðeɪ hæd mɛt waɪl aʊt ˈʤɔgɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈərli 1950s*. ˈgɑrnər rɪˈmɛmbərd ˈtʊrɪŋ ɛz "ˈfəni ənd ˈwɪti" ənd sɛd ðət hi "tɔkt ɪn 2006 ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz neɪmd wɪθ ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈrisɔrsɪz ɛz ən ˈhɪstəri mənθ ɪn 2006 ˈbɔstən praɪd neɪmd ˈtʊrɪŋ ðɛr ˈɑnərˌɛri grænd ðə ˈloʊgoʊ əv ˈæpəl ɪŋk. ɪz ˈɔfən ɛˈroʊniəsli rɪˈfərd tɪ ɛz ə ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ˈtʊrɪŋ, wɪθ ðə baɪt mɑrk ə ˈrɛfərəns tɪ hɪz boʊθ ðə dɪˈzaɪnər əv ðə ənd ðə ˈkəmpəˌni dɪˈnaɪ ðət ðɛr ɪz ˈɛni ˈɑməʤ tɪ ˈtʊrɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈstivən fraɪ həz ˌriˈkaʊntɪd ˈæskɪŋ stiv ʤɑbz ˈwɛðər ðə dɪˈzaɪn wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəl, seɪɪŋ ðət ʤɑbz' rɪˈspɑns wɑz, "gɑd, wi wɪʃ ɪt ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2011 ˈpeɪpərz frəm ðə ˈsɛkənd wərld wɔr wər bɔt fər ðə ˈneɪʃən wɪθ ən bɪd baɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈhɛrɪtɪʤ məˈmɔriəl fənd, əˈlaʊɪŋ ðɛm tɪ steɪ æt ɪn 2012 ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˌɪnˈdəktɪd ˈɪntu ðə ˈlɛgəsi wɔk, ən ˈaʊtˌdɔr ˈpəblɪk dɪˈspleɪ ðət ˈsɛləˌbreɪts ˈhɪstəri ənd ðə sɔŋ "ˈælən ɛt lɑ pomme*", baɪ ˈfræŋkəˌfoʊn ˈsælvəˌdɔr ɑˈdɑmoʊ, ɪz ə ˈtrɪbjut tɪ laɪf ənd wərk ˈfiʧərd ɪn ə ˌbibiˈsi ˈʧɪldrənz ˈproʊˌgræm əˈbaʊt ˈfeɪməs ˈsaɪəntɪsts, ˈæbsəˌlut ˈʤinjəs wɪθ dɪk ənd dɑm, fərst ˈbrɔdˌkæst ɔn 12 mɑrʧ 2014 ɔn 17 meɪ 2014 ðə wərldz fərst wərk əv ˈpəblɪk ɑrt tɪ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ˈtʊrɪŋ ɛz geɪ wɑz kəˈmɪʃənd ɪn, kloʊz baɪ tɪ pɑrk wɛr hɪz wərk wɑz ˈkɛrid aʊt. ðə kəˈmɪʃən wɑz əˈnaʊnst tɪ mɑrk ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl deɪ əˈgɛnst ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbiə ənd transphobia*. ðə wərk wɑz ənˈveɪld æt ə ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni ɔn ˈbərθˌdeɪ, 23 ʤun 2014 ənd ɪz pleɪst əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ˈbɪzi ˈwɔtəlɪŋ strit, ðə oʊld meɪn roʊd tɪ ˈləndən, wɛr ˈtʊrɪŋ hɪmˈsɛlf wʊd hæv pæst baɪ ɔn ˈmɛni ɔˈkeɪʒənz. ɔn 22 ɑkˈtoʊbər 2014 ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˌɪnˈdəktɪd ˈɪntu ðə hɔl əv ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2019 ɪn ðə ˌbibiˈsi ˈsɪriz ˈaɪˌkɑnz: ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈpərsən əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri, ˈtʊrɪŋ wɑz ˈvoʊtɪd baɪ vjuərz tɪ bi ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈsɛntəˌnɛri ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃənz ˈɛdət tɪ mɑrk ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv bərθ, ðə ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈsɛntəˌnɛri ædˈvaɪzəri kəˈmɪti (tcac*) ðə ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ jɪr, ə ˈproʊˌgræm əv ɪˈvɛnts əraʊnd ðə wərld laɪf ənd əˈʧivmənts. ðə tcac*, ʧɛrd baɪ ɛs. ˈbɛri ˈkupər wɪθ ˈnɛfju sər ʤɑn ˈdərmət ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈæktɪŋ ɛz ˈɑnərˌɛri ˈprɛzɪdənt, wərkt wɪθ ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈfækəlti ˈmɛmbərz ənd ə brɔd ˈspɛktrəm əv ˈpipəl frəm ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ ˌjunəˈvərsəti ənd pɑrk. ɔn 23 ʤun 2012 ˈgugəl ˈfiʧərd ən ˌɪnərˈæktɪv ˈdudəl wɛr ˈvɪzɪtərz hæd tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðə ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz əv ə ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈʃin, soʊ wɪn rən, ðə ˈsɪmbəlz ɔn ðə teɪp wʊd mæʧ ə prəˈvaɪdɪd ˈsikwəns, ˈfiʧərɪŋ "ˈgugəl" ɪn ðə pɑrk trəst kəˈlæbərˌeɪtɪd wɪθ ˈwɪnɪŋ muvz tɪ ˈpəblɪʃ ən ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ ɪˈdɪʃən əv ðə bɔrd geɪm məˈnɑpəli. ðə geɪmz skwɛrz ənd kɑrdz hæv bɪn rɪˈvaɪzd tɪ tɛl ðə ˈstɔri əv laɪf, frəm hɪz ˈbərθˌpleɪs ɪn ˈmeɪdə veɪl tɪ hət 8 æt ðə geɪm ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludz ə ˈrɛplɪkə əv ən ərˈɪʤənəl bɔrd kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ˈwɪljəm ˈnumən, sən əv ˈmɛnˌtɔr, mæks ˈnumən, wɪʧ ˈtʊrɪŋ pleɪd ɔn ɪn ðə ɪn ðə ˈfɪləˌpinz, ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv fəˈlɑsəfi æt də lɑ seɪl ˈhoʊstɪd ˈtʊrɪŋ 2012 ən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈkɑnfərəns ɔn fəˈlɑsəfi, ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns, ənd ˈkɑgnɪtɪv saɪəns frəm 27 tɪ 28 mɑrʧ 2012 tɪ kəˈmɛmərˌeɪt ðə ˈsɛntəˌnɛri bərθ əv madurai*, ˈɪndiə hɛld ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃənz wɪθ ə ˈproʊˌgræm əˈtɛndəd baɪ ðɛr wɑz ə ˈkɑnfərəns ɪn ˈmænˌʧɛstər ɪn ʤun, ðə ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈsɛntəˌnɛri ˈkɑnfərəns, ə ˈtuˌdeɪ ˈkɑnfərəns ɪn sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ, baɪ ðə acm*, ənd ə ˈbərθˌdeɪ ˈpɑrti ənd ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈsɛntəˌnɛri ˈkɑnfərəns ɪn ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ æt kɪŋz ˈkɑlɪʤ, ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ, ənd ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ, ðə ˈlætər baɪ ðə əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən ɪn ðə saɪəns mˈjuziəm ɪn ˈləndən lɔnʧt ə fri ˌɛksəˈbɪʃən dɪˈvoʊtɪd tɪ laɪf ənd əˈʧivmənts ɪn ʤun 2012 tɪ rən ənˈtɪl ˌʤuˈlaɪ ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2012 ðə rɔɪəl meɪl ˈɪʃud ə stæmp ˈfiʧərɪŋ ˈtʊrɪŋ ɛz pɑrt əv ɪts "ˈbrɪtənz əv dɪˈstɪŋkʃən" ðə ˈləndən 2012 oʊˈlɪmpɪk tɔrʧ fleɪm wɑz pæst ɔn ɪn frənt əv ˈstæˌʧu ɪn ˈsækˌvɪl ˈgɑrdənz, ˈmænˌʧɛstər, ɔn ðə ˈivnɪŋ əv 23 ʤun 2012 ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv hɪz bərθ. ɔn 22 ʤun 2012 ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti ˈkaʊnsəl, ɪn ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp wɪθ ðə ˈlɛzbiən ənd geɪ faʊnˈdeɪʃən, lɔnʧt ðə ˈælən ˈtʊrɪŋ məˈmɔriəl əˈwɔrd, wɪʧ wɪl ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ər grups hu hæv meɪd ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ ðə faɪt əˈgɛnst ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbiə ɪn æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈɑksfərd, ə nu kɔrs ɪn kəmˈpjutər saɪəns ənd fəˈlɑsəfi wɑz ɪˈstæblɪʃt tɪ ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd wɪθ ðə ˈsɛntəˌnɛri əv ˈpriviəs ɪˈvɛnts hæv ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən əv laɪf ənd əˈʧivmənts, æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmænˌʧɛstər, əreɪnʤd baɪ ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈlɑʤɪk kəˈloʊkwiəm ənd ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ soʊˈsaɪɪti fər ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˌmæθəˈmætɪks ɔn 5 ʤun pɔrˈtreɪəl ˈɛdət ɪn ˈθiətər ˈɛdət ɪn ˈlɪtərəʧər ˈɛdət ɪn mˈjuzɪk ˈɛdət ɪn fɪlm ˈɛdət si ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛdət ˈrɛfərənsɪz ˈɛdət ˈsɔrsəz ˈɛdət ˈfərðər ˈrɛdɪŋ ˈɛdət ˈɑrtɪkəlz ˈɛdət
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"turing" redirects here. for other uses, see turing (disambiguation)
mathematician and computer scientist
alan mathison turing obe frs (; 23 june 1912 7 june 1954) was an english mathematician, computer scientist, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher and theoretical biologist.[5] turing was highly influential in the development of theoretical computer science, providing a formalisation of the concepts of algorithm and computation with the turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general-purpose computer.[6][7][8] turing is widely considered to be the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence.[9] despite these accomplishments, he was never fully recognised in his home country during his lifetime, due to his homosexuality, which was then a crime in the.
during the second world war, turing worked for the government code and cypher school (gc&cs) at bletchley park, britain's codebreaking centre that produced ultra intelligence. for a time he led hut 8, the section that was responsible for german naval cryptanalysis. here, he devised a number of techniques for speeding the breaking of german ciphers, including improvements to the pre-war polish bombe method, an electromechanical machine that could find settings for the enigma machine.
turing played a pivotal role in cracking intercepted coded messages that enabled the allies to defeat the nazis in many crucial engagements, including the battle of the atlantic, and in so doing helped win the war.[10][11] counterfactual history is difficult with respect to the effect ultra intelligence had on the length of the war,[12] but at the upper end it has been estimated that this work shortened the war in europe by more than two years and saved over 14 million lives.[10]
after the war, turing worked at the national physical laboratory, where he designed the automatic computing engine, which was one of the first designs for a stored-program computer. in 1948, turing joined max newman's computing machine laboratory at the victoria university of manchester, where he helped develop the manchester computers[13] and became interested in mathematical biology. he wrote a paper on the chemical basis of morphogenesis[1] and predicted oscillating chemical reactions such as the belousov–zhabotinsky reaction, first observed in the 1960s.
turing was prosecuted in 1952 for homosexual acts; the labouchere amendment had mandated that "gross indecency" was a criminal offence in the. he accepted chemical castration treatment, with des, as an alternative to prison. turing died in 1954, 16 days before his 42nd birthday, from cyanide poisoning. an inquest determined his death as a suicide, but it has been noted that the known evidence is also consistent with accidental poisoning.[14]
in 2009, following an internet campaign, british prime minister gordon brown made an official public apology on behalf of the british government for "the appalling way he was treated". queen elizabeth ii granted turing a posthumous pardon in 2013.[15][16][17] the alan turing law is now an informal term for a 2017 law in the united kingdom that retroactively pardoned men cautioned or convicted under historical legislation that outlawed homosexual acts.[18]
early life and education [ edit ]
family [ edit ]
turing was born in maida vale, london,[5] while his father, julius mathison turing (1873–1947), was on leave from his position with the indian civil service (ics) at chatrapur, then in the madras presidency and presently in odisha state, in india.[19][20] turing's father was the son of a clergyman, the rev. john robert turing, from a scottish family of merchants that had been based in the netherlands and included a baronet. turing's mother, julius' wife, was ethel sara turing (née stoney 1881–1976),[5] daughter of edward waller stoney, chief engineer of the madras railways. the stoneys were a protestant anglo-irish gentry family from both county tipperary and county longford, while ethel herself had spent much of her childhood in county clare.[21]
julius' work with the ics brought the family to british india, where his grandfather had been a general in the bengal army. however, both julius and ethel wanted their children to be brought up in britain, so they moved to maida vale,[22] london, where alan turing was born on 23 june 1912, as recorded by a blue plaque on the outside of the house of his birth,[23][24] later the colonnade hotel.[19][25] turing had an elder brother, john (the father of sir john dermot turing, 12th baronet of the turing baronets).[26]
turing's father's civil service commission was still active and during turing's childhood years turing's parents travelled between hastings in england[27] and india, leaving their two sons to stay with a retired army couple. at hastings, turing stayed at baston lodge, upper maze hill, st leonards-on-sea, now marked with a blue plaque.[28] the plaque was unveiled on 23 june 2012, the centenary of turing's birth.[29]
very early in life, turing showed signs of the genius that he was later to display prominently.[30] his parents purchased a house in guildford in 1927, and turing lived there during school holidays. the location is also marked with a blue plaque.[31]
school [ edit ]
turing's parents enrolled him at st michael's, a day school at 20 charles road, st leonards-on-sea, at the age of six. the headmistress recognised his talent early on, as did many of his subsequent teachers.
between january 1922 and 1926, turing was educated at hazelhurst preparatory school, an independent school in the village of frant in sussex (now east sussex).[32] in 1926, at the age of 13, he went on to sherborne school, a boarding independent school in the market town of sherborne in dorset. the first day of term coincided with the 1926 general strike in britain, but he was so determined to attend, that he rode his bicycle unaccompanied 60 miles (97 km) from southampton to sherborne, stopping overnight at an inn.[33]
turing's natural inclination towards mathematics and science did not earn him respect from some of the teachers at sherborne, whose definition of education placed more emphasis on the classics. his headmaster wrote to his parents: "i hope he will not fall between two stools. if he is to stay at public school, he must aim at becoming educated. if he is to be solely a scientific specialist, he is wasting his time at a public school".[34] despite this, turing continued to show remarkable ability in the studies he loved, solving advanced problems in 1927 without having studied even elementary calculus. in 1928, aged 16, turing encountered albert einstein's work; not only did he grasp it, but it is possible that he managed to deduce einstein's questioning of newton's laws of motion from a text in which this was never made explicit.[35]
christopher morcom [ edit ]
at sherborne, turing formed a significant friendship with fellow pupil christopher morcom (1911 1930), who has been described as turing's "first love". their relationship provided inspiration in turing's future endeavours, but it was cut short by morcom's death, in february 1930, from complications of bovine tuberculosis, contracted after drinking infected cow's milk some years previously.[36][37][38]
the event caused turing great sorrow. he coped with his grief by working that much harder on the topics of science and mathematics that he had shared with morcom. in a letter to morcom's mother turing said:
i am sure i could not have found anywhere another companion so brilliant and yet so charming and unconceited. i regarded my interest in my work, and in such things as astronomy (to which he introduced me) as something to be shared with him and i think he felt a little the same about me ... i know i must put as much energy if not as much interest into my work as if he were alive, because that is what he would like me to do.[39]
some have speculated that morcom's death was the cause of turing's atheism and materialism.[40] apparently, at this point in his life he still believed in such concepts as a spirit, independent of the body and surviving death. in a later letter, also written to morcom's mother, turing said:
personally, i believe that spirit is really eternally connected with matter but certainly not by the same kind of body ... as regards the actual connection between spirit and body i consider that the body [can] hold on to a 'spirit', whilst the body is alive and awake the two are firmly connected. when the body is asleep i cannot guess what happens but when the body dies, the 'mechanism' of the body, holding the spirit is gone and the spirit finds a new body sooner or later, perhaps immediately.[41]
university and work on computability [ edit ]
after sherborne, turing studied as an undergraduate from 1931 to 1934 at king's college, cambridge,[5] where he was awarded first-class honours in mathematics. in 1935, at the age of 22, he was elected a fellow of king's on the strength of a dissertation in which he proved the central limit theorem.[42] unknown to the committee, the theorem had already been proven, in 1922, by jarl waldemar lindeberg.[43] a blue plaque at the college was unveiled on the centenary of his birth on 23 june 2012 and is now installed at the college's keynes building on king's parade.[44][45]
in 1936, turing published his paper "on computable numbers, with an application to the entscheidungsproblem" (1936).[46] in this paper, turing reformulated kurt gödel's 1931 results on the limits of proof and computation, replacing gödel's universal arithmetic-based formal language with the formal and simple hypothetical devices that became known as turing machines. the entscheidungsproblem (decision problem) was originally posed by german mathematician david hilbert in 1928. turing proved that his "universal computing machine" would be capable of performing any conceivable mathematical computation if it were representable as an algorithm. he went on to prove that there was no solution to the decision problem by first showing that the halting problem for turing machines is undecidable: it is not possible to decide algorithmically whether a turing machine will ever halt.
king's college, cambridge , where turing was a student in 1931 and became a fellow in 1935. the computer room is named after him.
although turing's proof was published shortly after alonzo church's equivalent proof using his lambda calculus,[47] turing's approach is considerably more accessible and intuitive than church's.[48] it also included a notion of a 'universal machine' (now known as a universal turing machine), with the idea that such a machine could perform the tasks of any other computation machine (as indeed could church's lambda calculus). according to the church–turing thesis, turing machines and the lambda calculus are capable of computing anything that is computable. john von neumann acknowledged that the central concept of the modern computer was due to turing's paper.[49] to this day, turing machines are a central object of study in theory of computation.
from september 1936 to july 1938, turing spent most of his time studying under church at princeton university, in the second year as a jane eliza procter visiting fellow. in addition to his purely mathematical work, he studied cryptology and also built three of four stages of an electro-mechanical binary multiplier.[50] in june 1938, he obtained his phd from the department of mathematics at princeton;[51] his dissertation, systems of logic based on ordinals,[52][53] introduced the concept of ordinal logic and the notion of relative computing, where turing machines are augmented with so-called oracles, allowing the study of problems that cannot be solved by turing machines. john von neumann wanted to hire him as his postdoctoral assistant, but he went back to england.[54]
career and research [ edit ]
when turing returned to cambridge, he attended lectures given in 1939 by ludwig wittgenstein about the foundations of mathematics.[55] the lectures have been reconstructed verbatim, including interjections from turing and other students, from students' notes.[56] turing and wittgenstein argued and disagreed, with turing defending formalism and wittgenstein propounding his view that mathematics does not discover any absolute truths, but rather invents them.[57]
cryptanalysis [ edit ]
during the second world war, turing was a leading participant in the breaking of german ciphers at bletchley park. the historian and wartime codebreaker asa briggs has said, "you needed exceptional talent, you needed genius at bletchley and turing's was that genius."[58] from september 1938, turing had been working part-time with the gc&cs, the british codebreaking organisation. he concentrated on cryptanalysis of the enigma with dilly knox, a senior gc&cs codebreaker.[59] soon after the july 1939 warsaw meeting at which the polish cipher bureau had provided the british and french with the details of the wiring of enigma rotors and their method of decrypting enigma code messages, turing and knox started to work on a less fragile approach to the problem.[60] the polish method relied on an insecure indicator procedure that the germans were likely to change, which they did in may 1940. turing's approach was more general, using crib-based decryption for which he produced the functional specification of the bombe (an improvement of the polish bomba).[61]
two cottages in the stable yard at bletchley park . turing worked here in 1939 and 1940, before moving to hut 8
on 4 september 1939, the day after the declared war on germany, turing reported to bletchley park, the wartime station of gc&cs.[62] specifying the bombe was the first of five major cryptanalytical advances that turing made during the war. the others were: deducing the indicator procedure used by the german navy; developing a statistical procedure for making much more efficient use of the bombes dubbed banburismus; developing a procedure for working out the cam settings of the wheels of the lorenz sz 40/42 (tunny) dubbed turingery and, towards the end of the war, the development of a portable secure voice scrambler at hanslope park that was codenamed delilah.
by using statistical techniques to optimise the trial of different possibilities in the code breaking process, turing made an innovative contribution to the subject. he wrote two papers discussing mathematical approaches, titled the applications of probability to cryptography[63] and paper on statistics of repetitions,[64] which were of such value to gc&cs and its successor gchq that they were not released to the national archives until april 2012, shortly before the centenary of his birth. a gchq mathematician, "who identified himself only as richard," said at the time that the fact that the contents had been restricted for some 70 years demonstrated their importance, and their relevance to post-war cryptanalysis:[65]
[he] said the fact that the contents had been restricted "shows what a tremendous importance it has in the foundations of our subject". ... the papers detailed using "mathematical analysis to try and determine which are the more likely settings so that they can be tried as quickly as possible." ... richard said that gchq had now "squeezed the juice" out of the two papers and was "happy for them to be released into the public domain".
turing had a reputation for eccentricity at bletchley park. he was known to his colleagues as "prof" and his treatise on enigma was known as the "prof's book".[66] according to historian ronald lewin, jack good, a cryptanalyst who worked with turing, said of his colleague:
in the first week of june each year he would get a bad attack of hay fever, and he would cycle to the office wearing a service gas mask to keep the pollen off. his bicycle had a fault: the chain would come off at regular intervals. instead of having it mended he would count the number of times the pedals went round and would get off the bicycle in time to adjust the chain by hand. another of his eccentricities is that he chained his mug to the radiator pipes to prevent it being stolen.[67]
while working at bletchley, turing, who was a talented long-distance runner, occasionally ran the 40 miles (64 km) to london when he was needed for meetings,[68] and he was capable of world-class marathon standards.[69][70] turing tried out for the 1948 british olympic team but he was hampered by an injury. his tryout time for the marathon was only 11 minutes slower than british silver medallist thomas richards' olympic race time of 2 hours 35 minutes. he was walton athletic club's best runner, a fact discovered when he passed the group while running alone.[71][72][73]
in 1946, turing was appointed an officer of the order of the british empire (obe) by king george vi for his wartime services, but his work remained secret for many years.[74][75]
bombe [ edit ]
within weeks of arriving at bletchley park,[62] turing had specified an electromechanical machine called the bombe, which could break enigma more effectively than the polish bomba kryptologiczna, from which its name was derived. the bombe, with an enhancement suggested by mathematician gordon welchman, became one of the primary tools, and the major automated one, used to attack enigma-enciphered messages.[76]
the bombe searched for possible correct settings used for an enigma message (i.e., rotor order, rotor settings and plugboard settings) using a suitable crib: a fragment of probable plaintext. for each possible setting of the rotors (which had on the order of 1019 states, or 1022 states for the four-rotor u-boat variant),[77] the bombe performed a chain of logical deductions based on the crib, implemented electromechanically.[citation needed]
the bombe detected when a contradiction had occurred and ruled out that setting, moving on to the next. most of the possible settings would cause contradictions and be discarded, leaving only a few to be investigated in detail. a contradiction would occur when an enciphered letter would be turned back into the same plaintext letter, which was impossible with the enigma. the first bombe was installed on 18 march 1940.[78]
by late 1941, turing and his fellow cryptanalysts gordon welchman, hugh alexander and stuart milner-barry were frustrated. building on the work of the poles, they had set up a good working system for decrypting enigma signals, but their limited staff and bombes meant they could not translate all the signals. in the summer, they had considerable success, and shipping losses had fallen to under 100,000 tons a month; however, they badly needed more resources to keep abreast of german adjustments. they had tried to get more people and fund more bombes through the proper channels, but had failed.[79]
on 28 october they wrote directly to winston churchill explaining their difficulties, with turing as the first named. they emphasised how small their need was compared with the vast expenditure of men and money by the forces and compared with the level of assistance they could offer to the forces.[79] as andrew hodges, biographer of turing, later wrote, "this letter had an electric effect."[80] churchill wrote a memo to general ismay, which read: "action this day. make sure they have all they want on extreme priority and report to me that this has been done." on 18 november, the chief of the secret service reported that every possible measure was being taken.[80] the cryptographers at bletchley park did not know of the prime minister's response, but as milner-barry recalled, "all that we did notice was that almost from that day the rough ways began miraculously to be made smooth."[81] more than two hundred bombes were in operation by the end of the war.[82]
hut 8 and the naval enigma [ edit ]
turing decided to tackle the particularly difficult problem of german naval enigma "because no one else was doing anything about it and i could have it to myself".[84] in december 1939, turing solved the essential part of the naval indicator system, which was more complex than the indicator systems used by the other services.[84][85]
that same night, he also conceived of the idea of banburismus, a sequential statistical technique (what abraham wald later called sequential analysis) to assist in breaking the naval enigma, "though i was not sure that it would work in practice, and was not, in fact, sure until some days had actually broken."[84] for this, he invented a measure of weight of evidence that he called the ban. banburismus could rule out certain sequences of the enigma rotors, substantially reducing the time needed to test settings on the bombes.[citation needed]
turing travelled to the united states in november 1942[86] and worked with us navy cryptanalysts on the naval enigma and bombe construction in washington; he also visited their computing machine laboratory in dayton, ohio.
turing's reaction to the american bombe design was far from enthusiastic:
the american bombe programme was to produce 336 bombes, one for each wheel order. i used to smile inwardly at the conception of bombe hut routine implied by this programme, but thought that no particular purpose would be served by pointing out that we would not really use them in that way. their test (of commutators) can hardly be considered conclusive as they were not testing for the bounce with electronic stop finding devices. nobody seems to be told about rods or offiziers or banburismus unless they are really going to do something about it.[87]
during this trip, he also assisted at bell labs with the development of secure speech devices.[88] he returned to bletchley park in march 1943. during his absence, hugh alexander had officially assumed the position of head of hut 8, although alexander had been de facto head for some time (turing having little interest in the day-to-day running of the section). turing became a general consultant for cryptanalysis at bletchley park.[citation needed]
alexander wrote of turing's contribution:
there should be no question in anyone's mind that turing's work was the biggest factor in hut 8's success. in the early days, he was the only cryptographer who thought the problem worth tackling and not only was he primarily responsible for the main theoretical work within the hut, but he also shared with welchman and keen the chief credit for the invention of the bombe. it is always difficult to say that anyone is 'absolutely indispensable', but if anyone was indispensable to hut 8, it was turing. the pioneer's work always tends to be forgotten when experience and routine later make everything seem easy and many of us in hut 8 felt that the magnitude of turing's contribution was never fully realised by the outside world.[89]
turingery [ edit ]
in july 1942, turing devised a technique termed turingery (or jokingly turingismus)[90] for use against the lorenz cipher messages produced by the germans' new geheimschreiber (secret writer) machine. this was a teleprinter rotor cipher attachment codenamed tunny at bletchley park. turingery was a method of wheel-breaking, i.e., a procedure for working out the cam settings of tunny's wheels.[91] he also introduced the tunny team to tommy flowers who, under the guidance of max newman, went on to build the colossus computer, the world's first programmable digital electronic computer, which replaced a simpler prior machine (the heath robinson), and whose superior speed allowed the statistical decryption techniques to be applied usefully to the messages.[92] some have mistakenly said that turing was a key figure in the design of the colossus computer. turingery and the statistical approach of banburismus undoubtedly fed into the thinking about cryptanalysis of the lorenz cipher,[93][94] but he was not directly involved in the colossus development.[95]
delilah [ edit ]
following his work at bell labs in the u.s.,[96] turing pursued the idea of electronic enciphering of speech in the telephone system. in the latter part of the war, he moved in order to work for the secret service's radio security service (later hmgcc) at hanslope park. at the park, he further developed his knowledge of electronics with the assistance of engineer donald bayley. together they undertook the design and construction of a portable secure voice communications machine codenamed delilah.[97] the machine was intended for different applications, but it lacked the capability for use with long-distance radio transmissions. in any case, delilah was completed too late to be used during the war. though the system worked fully, with turing demonstrating it to officials by encrypting and decrypting a recording of a winston churchill speech, delilah was not adopted for use.[98] turing also consulted with bell labs on the development of sigsaly, a secure voice system that was used in the later years of the war.
early computers and the turing test [ edit ]
between 1945 and 1947, turing lived in hampton, london,[99] while he worked on the design of the ace (automatic computing engine) at the national physical laboratory (npl). he presented a paper on 19 february 1946, which was the first detailed design of a stored-program computer.[100] von neumann's incomplete first draft of a report on the edvac had predated turing's paper, but it was much less detailed and, according to john r. womersley, superintendent of the npl mathematics division, it "contains a number of ideas which are dr. turing's own".[101] although ace was a feasible design, the secrecy surrounding the wartime work at bletchley park led to delays in starting the project and he became disillusioned. in late 1947 he returned to cambridge for a sabbatical year during which he produced a seminal work on intelligent machinery that was not published in his lifetime.[102] while he was at cambridge, the pilot ace was being built in his absence. it executed its first program on 10 may 1950, and a number of later computers around the world owe much to it, including the english electric deuce and the american bendix g-15. the full version of turing's ace was not built until after his death.[103]
according to the memoirs of the german computer pioneer heinz billing from the max planck institute for physics, published by genscher, düsseldorf, there was a meeting between turing and konrad zuse.[104] it took place in göttingen in 1947. the interrogation had the form of a colloquium. participants were womersley, turing, porter from england and a few german researchers like zuse, walther, and billing (for more details see herbert bruderer, konrad zuse und die schweiz).
in 1948, turing was appointed reader in the mathematics department at the victoria university of manchester. a year later, he became deputy director of the computing machine laboratory, where he worked on software for one of the earliest stored-program computers—the manchester mark 1. during this time, he continued to do more abstract work in mathematics,[105] and in "computing machinery and intelligence" (mind, october 1950), turing addressed the problem of artificial intelligence, and proposed an experiment that became known as the turing test, an attempt to define a standard for a machine to be called "intelligent". the idea was that a computer could be said to "think" if a human interrogator could not tell it apart, through conversation, from a human being.[106] in the paper, turing suggested that rather than building a program to simulate the adult mind, it would be better rather to produce a simpler one to simulate a child's mind and then to subject it to a course of education. a reversed form of the turing test is widely used on the internet; the captcha test is intended to determine whether the user is a human or a computer.
in 1948 turing, working with his former undergraduate colleague, d.g. champernowne, began writing a chess program for a computer that did not yet exist. by 1950, the program was completed and dubbed the turbochamp.[107] in 1952, he tried to implement it on a ferranti mark 1, but lacking enough power, the computer was unable to execute the program. instead, turing "ran" the program by flipping through the pages of the algorithm and carrying out its instructions on a chessboard, taking about half an hour per move. the game was recorded.[108] according to garry kasparov, turing's program "played a recognizable game of chess."[109] the program lost to turing's colleague alick glennie, although it is said that it won a game against champernowne's wife, isabel.[110]
his turing test was a significant, characteristically provocative, and lasting contribution to the debate regarding artificial intelligence, which continues after more than half a century.[111] he also invented the lu decomposition method in 1948,[105] used today for solving matrix equations.[112]
pattern formation and mathematical biology [ edit ]
when turing was 39 years old in 1951, he turned to mathematical biology, finally publishing his masterpiece "the chemical basis of morphogenesis" in january 1952. he was interested in morphogenesis, the development of patterns and shapes in biological organisms. among other things, he wanted to understand fibonacci phyllotaxis, the existence of fibonacci numbers in plant structures.[113] he suggested that a system of chemicals reacting with each other and diffusing across space, termed a reaction-diffusion system, could account for "the main phenomena of morphogenesis".[114] he used systems of partial differential equations to model catalytic chemical reactions. for example, if a catalyst a is required for a certain chemical reaction to take place, and if the reaction produced more of the catalyst a, then we say that the reaction is autocatalytic, and there is positive feedback that can be modelled by nonlinear differential equations. turing discovered that patterns could be created if the chemical reaction not only produced catalyst a, but also produced an inhibitor b that slowed down the production of a. if a and b then diffused through the container at different rates, then you could have some regions where a dominated and some where b did. to calculate the extent of this, turing would have needed a powerful computer, but these were not so freely available in 1951, so he had to use linear approximations to solve the equations by hand. these calculations gave the right qualitative results, and produced, for example, a uniform mixture that oddly enough had regularly spaced fixed red spots. the russian biochemist boris belousov had performed experiments with similar results, but could not get his papers published because of the contemporary prejudice that any such thing violated the second law of thermodynamics. belousov was not aware of turing's paper in the philosophical transactions of the royal society.[115]
although published before the structure and role of dna was understood, turing's work on morphogenesis remains relevant today and is considered a seminal piece of work in mathematical biology.[116] one of the early applications of turing's paper was the work by james murray explaining spots and stripes on the fur of cats, large and small.[117][118][119] further research in the area suggests that turing's work can partially explain the growth of "feathers, hair follicles, the branching pattern of lungs, and even the left-right asymmetry that puts the heart on the left side of the chest."[120] in 2012, sheth, et al. found that in mice, removal of hox genes causes an increase in the number of digits without an increase in the overall size of the limb, suggesting that hox genes control digit formation by tuning the wavelength of a turing-type mechanism.[121] later papers were not available until collected works of a. m. turing was published in 1992.[122]
personal life [ edit ]
in 1941, turing proposed marriage to hut 8 colleague joan clarke, a fellow mathematician and cryptanalyst, but their engagement was short-lived. after admitting his homosexuality to his fiancée, who was reportedly "unfazed" by the revelation, turing decided that he could not go through with the marriage.[123]
conviction for indecency [ edit ]
in january 1952, turing was 39 when he started a relationship with arnold murray, a 19-year-old unemployed man. just before christmas, turing was walking down manchester's oxford road when he met murray just outside the regal cinema and invited him to lunch. on 23 january, turing's house was burgled. murray told turing that he and the burglar were acquainted, and turing reported the crime to the police. during the investigation, he acknowledged a sexual relationship with murray. homosexual acts were criminal offences in the united kingdom at that time,[124] and both men were charged with "gross indecency" under section 11 of the criminal law amendment act 1885.[125] initial committal proceedings for the trial were held on 27 february during which turing's solicitor "reserved his defence", i.e., did not argue or provide evidence against the allegations.
turing was later convinced by the advice of his brother and his own solicitor, and he entered a plea of guilty.[126] the case, regina v. turing and murray, was brought to trial on 31 march 1952.[127] turing was convicted and given a choice between imprisonment and probation, which would be conditional on his agreement to undergo hormonal treatment designed to reduce libido. he accepted the option of treatment via injections of what was then called stilboestrol (now known as diethylstilbestrol or des), a synthetic oestrogen; this treatment was continued for the course of one year. the treatment rendered turing impotent and caused gynaecomastia,[128] fulfilling in the literal sense turing's prediction that "no doubt i shall emerge from it all a different man, but quite who i've not found out".[129][130] murray was given a conditional discharge.[131]
turing's conviction led to the removal of his security clearance and barred him from continuing with his cryptographic consultancy for the government communications headquarters (gchq), the british signals intelligence agency that had evolved from gc&cs in 1946, though he kept his academic job. he was denied entry into the united states after his conviction in 1952, but was free to visit other european countries. turing was never accused of espionage but, in common with all who had worked at bletchley park, he was prevented by the official secrets act from discussing his war work.[132]
death [ edit ]
on 8 june 1954, turing's housekeeper found him dead; he had died the previous day. cyanide poisoning was established as the cause of death.[133] when his body was discovered, an apple lay half-eaten beside his bed, and although the apple was not tested for cyanide,[134] it was speculated that this was the means by which turing had consumed a fatal dose. an inquest determined that he had committed suicide. andrew hodges and another biographer, david leavitt, have both speculated that turing was re-enacting a scene from the walt disney film snow white and the seven dwarfs (1937), his favourite fairy tale. both men noted that (in leavitt's words) he took "an especially keen pleasure in the scene where the wicked queen immerses her apple in the poisonous brew."[135] turing's remains were cremated at woking crematorium on 12 june 1954[136] and his ashes were scattered in the gardens of the crematorium, just as his father's had been.[137]
philosophy professor jack copeland has questioned various aspects of the coroner's historical verdict. he suggested an alternative explanation for the cause of turing's death: the accidental inhalation of cyanide fumes from an apparatus used to electroplate gold onto spoons. the potassium cyanide was used to dissolve the gold. turing had such an apparatus set up in his tiny spare room. copeland noted that the autopsy findings were more consistent with inhalation than with ingestion of the poison. turing also habitually ate an apple before going to bed, and it was not unusual for the apple to be discarded half-eaten.[138] in addition, turing had reportedly borne his legal setbacks and hormone treatment (which had been discontinued a year previously) "with good humour" and had shown no sign of despondency prior to his death. he even set down a list of tasks that he intended to complete upon returning to his office after the holiday weekend.[138] turing's mother believed that the ingestion was accidental, resulting from her son's careless storage of laboratory chemicals.[139] biographer andrew hodges theorised that turing arranged the delivery of the equipment in order to deliberately allow his mother plausible deniability in regard to any suicide claims.[140]
conspiracy theorists pointed out that turing was the cause of intense anxiety to the british authorities at the time of his death. the secret services feared that communists would entrap prominent homosexuals and use them to gather intelligence. turing was still engaged in highly classified work when he was also a practising homosexual who holidayed in european countries near the iron curtain. it is possible that the secret services considered him too great a security risk and assassinated one of the most brilliant minds in their employ.[141]
turing believed in extrasensory perception,[142][143][clarification needed] and it has been suggested that his belief in fortune-telling may have caused his depressed mood. as a youth, turing had been told by a gypsy fortune-teller that he would be a genius.[137] shortly before his death, during a day-trip to st annes-on sea with the greenbaum family,[when?] turing again decided to consult a fortune-teller.[137] according to the greenbaums' daughter, barbara:
but it was a lovely sunny day and alan was in a cheerful mood and off we went... then he thought it would be a good idea to go to the pleasure beach at blackpool. we found a fortune-teller's tent and alan said he'd like to go in so we waited around for him to come back... and this sunny, cheerful visage had shrunk into a pale, shaking, horror-stricken face. something had happened. we don't know what the fortune-teller said but he obviously was deeply unhappy. i think that was probably the last time we saw him before we heard of his suicide."[144]
government apology and pardon [ edit ]
in august 2009, british programmer john graham-cumming started a petition urging the british government to apologise for turing's prosecution as a homosexual.[145][146] the petition received more than 30,000 signatures.[147][148] the prime minister, gordon brown, acknowledged the petition, releasing a statement on 10 september 2009 apologising and describing the treatment of turing as "appalling":[147][149]
thousands of people have come together to demand justice for alan turing and recognition of the appalling way he was treated. while turing was dealt with under the law of the time and we can't put the clock back, his treatment was of course utterly unfair and i am pleased to have the chance to say how deeply sorry i and we all are for what happened to him ... so on behalf of the british government, and all those who live freely thanks to alan's work i am very proud to say: we're sorry, you deserved so much better.[147][150]
in december 2011, william jones created an e-petition[151] requesting that the british government pardon turing for his conviction of "gross indecency":[152]
we ask the hm government to grant a pardon to alan turing for the conviction of "gross indecency". in 1952, he was convicted of "gross indecency" with another man and was forced to undergo so-called "organo-therapy"—chemical castration. two years later, he killed himself with cyanide, aged just 41. alan turing was driven to a terrible despair and early death by the nation he'd done so much to save. this remains a shame on the british government and british history. a pardon can go some way to healing this damage. it may act as an apology to many of the other gay men, not as well-known as alan turing, who were subjected to these laws.[151]
the petition gathered over 37,000 signatures,[17][151] and was supported by manchester mp john leech but the request was discouraged by justice minister lord mcnally, who said:[153]
a posthumous pardon was not considered appropriate as alan turing was properly convicted of what at the time was a criminal offence. he would have known that his offence was against the law and that he would be prosecuted. it is tragic that alan turing was convicted of an offence that now seems both cruel and absurd—particularly poignant given his outstanding contribution to the war effort. however, the law at the time required a prosecution and, as such, long-standing policy has been to accept that such convictions took place and, rather than trying to alter the historical context and to put right what cannot be put right, ensure instead that we never again return to those times.[154]
john leech, the mp for manchester withington (2005–15), submitted several bills to parliament[155] and campaigned with jones to secure the pardon. leech made the case in the house of commons that turing's contribution to the war made him a national hero and that it was "ultimately just embarrassing" that the conviction still stood.[156] leech continued to take the bill through parliament and campaigned for several years until it was passed.[157]
at the premiere of a film based on turing's life, the imitation game, the producers thanked leech for bringing the topic to public attention and securing turing's pardon.[158] his campaign turned to acquiring pardons for the 75,000 other men convicted of the same crime. leech's campaign gained public support from leading scientists, including stephen hawking.[159]
on 26 july 2012, a bill was introduced in the house of lords to grant a statutory pardon to turing for offences under section 11 of the criminal law amendment act 1885, of which he was convicted on 31 march 1952.[160] late in the year in a letter to the daily telegraph, the physicist stephen hawking and 10 other signatories including the astronomer royal lord rees, president of the royal society sir paul nurse, lady trumpington (who worked for turing during the war) and lord sharkey (the bill's sponsor) called on prime minister david cameron to act on the pardon request.[161] the government indicated it would support the bill,[162][163][164] and it passed its third reading in the lords in october.[165]
at the bill's second reading in the house of commons on 29 november 2013, conservative mp christopher chope objected to the bill, delaying its passage. the bill was due to return to the house of commons on 28 february 2014,[166] but before the bill could be debated in the house of commons,[167] the government elected to proceed under the royal prerogative of mercy. on 24 december 2013, queen elizabeth ii signed a pardon for turing's conviction for "gross indecency", with immediate effect.[16] announcing the pardon, lord chancellor chris grayling said turing deserved to be "remembered and recognised for his fantastic contribution to the war effort" and not for his later criminal conviction.[15][17] the queen officially pronounced turing pardoned in august 2014.[168] the queen's action is only the fourth royal pardon granted since the conclusion of the second world war.[169] pardons are normally granted only when the person is technically innocent, and a request has been made by the family or other interested party; neither condition was met in regard to turing's conviction.[170]
in a letter to the prime minister, david cameron, human rights advocate peter tatchell criticised the decision to single out turing due to his fame and achievements when thousands of others convicted under the same law have not received pardons.[171] tatchell also called for a new investigation into turing's death:
a new inquiry is long overdue, even if only to dispel any doubts about the true cause of his death—including speculation that he was murdered by the security services (or others). i think murder by state agents is unlikely. there is no known evidence pointing to any such act. however, it is a major failing that this possibility has never been considered or investigated.[172]
in september 2016, the government announced its intention to expand this retroactive exoneration to other men convicted of similar historical indecency offences, in what was described as an "alan turing law".[173][174] the alan turing law is now an informal term for the law in the united kingdom, contained in the policing and crime act 2017, which serves as an amnesty law to retroactively pardon men who were cautioned or convicted under historical legislation that outlawed homosexual acts. the law applies in england and wales.[175]
awards, honours, and tributes [ edit ]
turing was appointed an officer of the order of the british empire 1946.[75] he was also elected a fellow of the royal society (frs) in 1951.[6] several things are named in his honour:
posthumous tributes [ edit ]
various institutions have paid tribute to turing by naming things after him including:
a biography published by the royal society shortly after turing's death,[6] while his wartime work was still subject to the official secrets act, recorded:
three remarkable papers written just before the war, on three diverse mathematical subjects, show the quality of the work that might have been produced if he had settled down to work on some big problem at that critical time. for his work at the foreign office he was awarded the obe.[6]
since 1966, the turing award has been given annually by the association for computing machinery for technical or theoretical contributions to the computing community. it is widely considered to be the computing world's highest honour, equivalent to the nobel prize.[200]
on 23 june 1998, on what would have been turing's 86th birthday, his biographer, andrew hodges, unveiled an official english heritage blue plaque at his birthplace in warrington crescent, london, later the colonnade hotel.[201][202] to mark the 50th anniversary of his death, a memorial plaque was unveiled on 7 june 2004 at his former residence, hollymeade, in wilmslow, cheshire.[203]
on 13 march 2000, saint vincent and the grenadines issued a set of postage stamps to celebrate the greatest achievements of the 20th century, one of which carries a portrait of turing against a background of repeated 0s and 1s, and is captioned: "1937: alan turing's theory of digital computing". on 1 april 2003, turing's work at bletchley park was named anee milestone.[204] on 28 october 2004, a bronze statue of turing sculpted by john w. mills was unveiled at the university of surrey in guildford, marking the 50th anniversary of turing's death; it portrays him carrying his books across the campus.[178]
turing was one of four mathematicians examined in the bbc documentary entitled dangerous knowledge (2008).[205] the princeton alumni weekly named turing the second most significant alumnus in the history of princeton university, second only to president james madison. a 1.5-ton, life-size statue of turing was unveiled on 19 june 2007 at bletchley park. built from approximately half a million pieces of welsh slate, it was sculpted by stephen kettle, having been commissioned by the american billionaire sidney frank.[206]
turing has been honoured in various ways in manchester, the city where he worked towards the end of his life. in 1994, a stretch of the a6010 road (the manchester city intermediate ring road) was named "alan turing way". a bridge carrying this road was widened, and carries the name alan turing bridge. a statue of turing was unveiled in manchester on 23 june 2001 in sackville park, between the university of manchester building on whitworth street and canal street. the memorial statue depicts the "father of computer science" sitting on a bench at a central position in the park. turing is shown holding an apple. the cast bronze bench carries in relief the text 'alan mathison turing 1912–1954', and the motto 'founder of computer science' as it could appear if encoded by an enigma machine: 'iekyf romsi adxuo kvkzc gubj'. however, the meaning of the coded message is disputed, as the 'u' in 'computer' matches up with the 'u' in 'adxuo'. as a letter encoded by an enigma machine can not appear as itself, the actual message behind the code is uncertain.[207]
turing memorial statue plaque in sackville park, manchester
a plaque at the statue's feet reads 'father of computer science, mathematician, logician, wartime codebreaker, victim of prejudice'. there is also a bertrand russell quotation: "mathematics, rightly viewed, possesses not only truth, but supreme beauty—a beauty cold and austere, like that of sculpture." the sculptor buried his own old amstrad computer under the plinth as a tribute to "the godfather of all modern computers".[208]
in 1999, time magazine named turing as one of the 100 most important people of the 20th century and stated, "the fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a turing machine."[7]
in 2002, turing was ranked twenty-first on the bbc's poll of the 100 greatest britons following a-wide vote.[209] in 2006, british writer and mathematician ioan james chose turing as one of twenty people to feature in his book about famous historical figures who may have had some of the traits of asperger syndrome.[210] in 2010, actor/playwright jade esteban estrada portrayed turing in the solo musical, icons: the lesbian and gay history of the world, vol. 4. in 2011, in the guardian's "my hero" series, writer alan garner chose turing as his hero and described how they had met while out jogging in the early 1950s. garner remembered turing as "funny and witty" and said that he "talked endlessly".[211] in 2006, turing was named with online resources as an lgbt history month icon.[212] in 2006, boston pride named turing their honorary grand marshal.[213]
the logo of apple inc. is often erroneously referred to as a tribute to turing, with the bite mark a reference to his death.[214] both the designer of the logo[215] and the company deny that there is any homage to turing in the design.[216][217] stephen fry has recounted asking steve jobs whether the design was intentional, saying that jobs' response was, "god, we wish it were."[218] in february 2011, turing's papers from the second world war were bought for the nation with an 11th-hour bid by the national heritage memorial fund, allowing them to stay at bletchley park.[219]
in 2012, turing was inducted into the legacy walk, an outdoor public display that celebrates lgbt history and people.[220][221]
the song "alan et la pomme", by francophone singer-songwriter salvatore adamo, is a tribute to turing.[222] turing's life and work featured in a bbc children's programme about famous scientists, absolute genius with dick and dom, first broadcast on 12 march 2014.
on 17 may 2014, the world's first work of public art to recognise turing as gay was commissioned in bletchley, close by to bletchley park where his war-time work was carried out. the commission was announced to mark international day against homophobia and transphobia. the work was unveiled at a ceremony on turing's birthday, 23 june 2014, and is placed alongside busy watling street, the old main road to london, where turing himself would have passed by on many occasions. on 22 october 2014, turing was inducted into the nsa hall of honor.[223][224]
in february 2019, in the bbc eight-part series icons: the greatest person of the 20th century, turing was voted by viewers to be the greatest person.[225]
centenary celebrations [ edit ]
to mark the 100th anniversary of turing's birth, the turing centenary advisory committee (tcac) co-ordinated the alan turing year, a year-long programme of events around the world honouring turing's life and achievements. the tcac, chaired by s. barry cooper with turing's nephew sir john dermot turing acting as honorary president, worked with the university of manchester faculty members and a broad spectrum of people from cambridge university and bletchley park.
on 23 june 2012, google featured an interactive doodle where visitors had to change the instructions of a turing machine, so when run, the symbols on the tape would match a provided sequence, featuring "google" in baudot-murray code.[226]
the bletchley park trust collaborated with winning moves to publish an alan turing edition of the board game monopoly. the game's squares and cards have been revised to tell the story of turing's life, from his birthplace in maida vale to hut 8 at bletchley park.[227] the game also includes a replica of an original hand-drawn board created by william newman, son of turing's mentor, max newman, which turing played on in the 1950s.[228]
in the philippines, the department of philosophy at de la salle university-manila hosted turing 2012, an international conference on philosophy, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science from 27 to 28 march 2012 to commemorate the centenary birth of turing.[229][230] madurai, india held celebrations with a programme attended by 6,000 students.[231]
there was a three-day conference in manchester in june, the alan turing centenary conference, a two-day conference in san francisco, organised by the acm, and a birthday party and turing centenary conference in cambridge organised at king's college, cambridge, and the university of cambridge, the latter organised by the association computability in europe.[232]
the science museum in london launched a free exhibition devoted to turing's life and achievements in june 2012, to run until july 2013.[233] in february 2012, the royal mail issued a stamp featuring turing as part of its "britons of distinction" series.[234] the london 2012 olympic torch flame was passed on in front of turing's statue in sackville gardens, manchester, on the evening of 23 june 2012, the 100th anniversary of his birth.
on 22 june 2012 manchester city council, in partnership with the lesbian and gay foundation, launched the alan turing memorial award, which will recognise individuals or groups who have made a significant contribution to the fight against homophobia in manchester.[235]
at the university of oxford, a new course in computer science and philosophy was established to coincide with the centenary of turing's birth.[236]
previous events have included a celebration of turing's life and achievements, at the university of manchester, arranged by the british logic colloquium and the british society for the history of mathematics on 5 june 2004.[237]
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nɛkst ˈʧæptər ˈteɪkɪŋ ɪt ɔl ɪn ˈteɪkən ʤɪst tu jɪrz, bət ˈprɑʤɛkt ɪz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪgˈzæktli ðə kɑr aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈwɔntɪd ɪt tɪ bi. ɪf ju kɔt ðə læst ˈəpˌdeɪt, noʊ ðət ðə kɑr wɑz ʤɪst əˈbaʊt tɪ goʊ ˈəndər ðə naɪf æt ˈrigəl autosport*, ənd wʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli ɪkˈspɛkt ðə wərk tɪ hæv lɔŋ bɪn ˈfɪnɪʃt. əv kɔrs, ju wʊd bi kərˈɛkt. ˈsɪtɪŋ daʊn tɪ raɪt ðɪs, bɪn bæk ɔn ðə roʊd wɪθ ðə kɑr fər əraʊnd 10 deɪz, ˈhævɪŋ ɔˈrɛdi kəmˈplitɪd səm lɔŋ ˈdɪstəns ənd ə vərˈaɪəti əv ˈdraɪvɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈfrɛʃli ˌɪnˈstɔld ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ pɑrts. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, goʊɪŋ tɪ goʊ bæk tɪ wɛr wi lɛft ɔf ˈpriviəsli ənd goʊ θru ðə hoʊl bɪld ˈprɔˌsɛs. ˌbiˈfɔr aɪ ˈtrævəld tɪ ˈwərkˌʃɑp ɪn ˌsaʊθˈhæmptən, ˈɪŋglənd, wi hæd ɔˈrɛdi ˈfɪtɪd ðə nu ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ koʊld ɛr ˈɪnˌteɪk ənd ˈbriðər pleɪt. ðɪs lɛft fɔr kənˈsɪdərəbəl ʤɑbz stɪl tɪ bi ˈkɛrid aʊt: ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən əv ðə ˈɪnˌteɪk ˈmænɪˌfoʊld, ˈsɪstəm, ənd ˈtunɪŋ. ˌbiˈfɔr wi gɑt ˌəndərˈweɪ, ˈrigəl spɛnt ðə taɪm tɪ ʧɛk ðə kɑr ˈoʊvər tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðeɪ wər ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ə ˈhɛlθi ɪgˈzæmpəl. səm ˈbeɪsˌlaɪn paʊər ˈridɪŋz wər meɪd ɔn ðə ˈpriviəs ˈsɛˌtəp soʊ wi kʊd ˈækjərətli əˈsɛs wət geɪnz wʊd ˈəltəmətli bi meɪd. wɪθ ɪts steɪʤ tu ˈsɔfˌwɛr, ðə kɑr pʊt daʊn ənd ɔn ˈməˌstæŋ wɪθ fjuəl (ˈjuˈɛs 91 ˈɑkteɪn ɪkˈwɪvələnt, bət mɔr ɔn ðət ˈleɪtər). ɪn maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns, ˈməˌstæŋz ər ˈvɛri kənˈsɪstənt ənd ɪgˈzæktli wət wi wʊd nid wɪn ðə taɪm keɪm tɪ tun ðə kɑr. ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pɑrt wɑz ðət wi wər goʊɪŋ tɪ bi kəmˈpɛrɪŋ laɪk fər laɪk ɔn ðə seɪm ˈsɪstəm. ðə fərst pɑrt əv ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs tɪ bi ˈtækəld ˈæftər ðə hɛlθ ʧɛk wɑz ðə ˈɪnˌteɪk ˈmænɪˌfoʊld. ðə ˈfæktəri ˈɪnˌteɪk ɔn ðə ˈɛnʤənz ər rɪˈnaʊnd fər biɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈfræʤəl; meɪd əv ˈplæstɪk, noʊn tɪ kræk, lik ənd ðə ˈrənər flæp ˈsɪstəm ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðɛm tɪ kəmˈplitli feɪl. pləs, ˈəgli ɛz hɛl, soʊ ðət. wɪθ ɪt riˈmuvd, wi ˈmoʊstli bɛn æt ˈrigəl wər ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˌɪnˈspɛkt ðə kənˈdɪʃən əv ðə vælvz ɔn ðə ˈɪnˌteɪk saɪd əv ðə ˈɪnʤən. ˈɛnʤənz ər dɪˈrɛkt ˌɪnˈʤɛkʃən, soʊ noʊ fjuəl ɪz spreɪd ˈoʊvər ðə vælvz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə kəmˈbəsʧən ˈprɔˌsɛs ənˈlaɪk pɔrt ˌɪnˈʤɛkʃən. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ðə fjuəl ɪz spreɪd dɪˈrɛkli ˈɪntu ðə ˈsɪlɪndər. bɪˈkəz ðə ˈfæktəri ˈsɪstəm mɪsts fjuəl ənd ɔɪl bæk ˈɪntu ðə ˈɪnˌteɪk ˈmænɪˌfoʊld, ɪt minz ðət ðə vælvz kən gɪt ˈkəvərd ɪn ˈkɑrbən dɪˈpɑzəts. riˈmuvd ðɪs ˈsɪstəm ənd ɪz ðə meɪn ˈrizən bɪˈhaɪnd ˈrənɪŋ ðə ˈbriðər pleɪt ənd kæʧ kən ˈsɛˌtəp, wɪʧ prɪˈvɛnts ðɪs frəm ˈhæpənɪŋ. stɪl, ðɛr wɑz əraʊnd maɪəlz wərθ əv ˈbɪlˌdəp frəm ðə ˈpriviəs ˈoʊnər. ˈləkəli, ðeɪ ðət ˈbædli əp, bət ɪt meɪd sɛns fər ðɛm tɪ bi klind wɪθ ðə ˈmænɪˌfoʊld ɔf. ˈsoʊkɪŋ ðɛm ɪn ˈpɛtroʊl ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt meɪd ðə ʤɑb ˈɪnfənətli ˈiziər wɪn bɛn gɑt ɪn ðə nɛkst ˈmɔrnɪŋ. soʊ məʧ soʊ ɪn fækt, ðət hi ɔˈrɛdi hæd ðɛm klind baɪ ðə taɪm aɪ əraɪvd. ðə ˈkɑrbən dɪˈpɑzəts ər drɔn aʊt əv ðə vælv ˈʧeɪmbər ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈprɔˌsɛs. wɪθ ðə vælvz klind, hi wɑz ɔˈrɛdi æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv trænsˈfərɪŋ pɑrts ˈoʊvər frəm ðə oʊld ˈmænɪˌfoʊld tɪ ðə nu wən. bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ðə ˈrənərz, ðə fjuəl reɪl ˈmaʊntɪŋ ˈbrækɪt nidz tɪ bi trɪmd fər ɪt tɪ fɪt ɔn ðə nu ˈɪnˌteɪk. ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ səˈplaɪ ə ˈdaɪəˌgræm əv ðɪs ˈbrækɪt, wɪθ ə gaɪd əv wɛr tɪ trɪm ənd haʊ məʧ məˈtɪriəl tɪ riˈmuv soʊ noʊ gɛs wərk ˌɪnˈvɑlvd. fər səm ˈrizən, ðɪs pɑrt əv ðə ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən wɑz ðə bɪt ðət ˈwərid mi ðə moʊst. aɪ gɛs ʤɪst bɪˈkəz ju (ər æt list aɪ) si ðə ˈɪnˌteɪk ɔn ðiz ˈgɪtɪŋ ʧeɪnʤd ˈvɛri ˈɔfən. stɪl, ɪt wɑz ʤɪst əˈnəðər deɪ ɪn ðə ˈɔfəs ənd ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs wɑz ɛz smuð ɛz ju kʊd hoʊp fər. ðə əv ðə nu ˈmænɪˌfoʊld wɑz ɛz ɪkˈspɛktɪd noʊ ˈɪʃuz wɪθ ər ˈfaʊlɪŋ laɪnz ənd noʊ ˌmɑdəfəˈkeɪʃənz rikˈwaɪərd (seɪv fər ðə fjuəl reɪl ˈbrækɪt dɪˈteɪld əˈbəv); ɪt wɑz laɪk ˌɪnˈstɔlɪŋ ə ˈfæktəri pɑrt. wɪθ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ pʊt bæk təˈgɛðər, bɛn ˈstɑrtɪd ðə kɑr ənd wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˌæsərˈteɪn ðət ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ wɑz ˈfɪtɪd ˈprɑpərli ənd ˈrənɪŋ kərˈɛktli. ðɪs ɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pɑrt əv ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈəpˌgreɪdz, ɛz ɪt meɪks məʧ ˈiziər. wɪθ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˈrənɪŋ ɛz ɪt ʃʊd, ðə ˈɪnʤən ˈivɪn θroʊ ə sɛl; wi wər naʊ ˈeɪbəl tɪ muv ˈɔntu ðə nɛkst feɪz əv ðə ˈəpˈgreɪd.. wʊd sər laɪk səm bust? wɪθ ðə ˈɪnˌteɪk ˌɪnˈstɔld ənd ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ kərˈɛktli, ˈfoʊkɪs muvd tɪ ðə ˈəðər saɪd əv ðə ˈɪnʤən. ðə ɪz wɪθ ən, wɪʧ ɪz ə smɔl bət ɪˈfɪʃənt ˈjunɪt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wi hæd riʧt ðə ˈlɪmət əv wət ɪt kʊd əˈʧiv (æt list wɪˈθaʊt ˈsɛndɪŋ ɪt ˈɪntu ðə ˈstrætəsˌfɪr). rɛd wɑz ɪn gʊd ˈkəmpəˌni æt ˈrigəl ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ɪts ˈvɪzɪt, wɪʧ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈhæpənd tɪ bi ðə tɪ pleɪərz ˈklæsɪk. soʊ ɪt wɑz ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈbɪzi wik fər ðə tim. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl keɪm aʊt wɪθ ˈlɪtəl fəs, əˈsaɪdz frəm tu ˈvɛri taɪt boʊlts. wɪθ boʊθ ˈjunɪts ɔn ðə bɛnʧ ˌbiˈsaɪd iʧ ˈəðər, ɪt meɪd ɪt məʧ ˈiziər tɪ si ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə ənd wɪθ ðə ɔn ðə lɛft ənd ɔn ðə raɪt, ju ʃʊd ˈnoʊtɪs ə ˈdɪfərəns, dɪˈspaɪt maɪ əˈpɛrənt ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti tɪ ˈfoʊtəˌgræf ðɛm æt ðə seɪm ˈdɪstəns. wət aɪ kən tɛl ju ɪz ðət ðə ɪz ʤɪst ðət ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈbɪgər ɪn ðə ˈpleɪsɪz ðət kaʊnt, əˈlaʊɪŋ ɪt tɪ muv ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl əˈmaʊnt əv ɛr mɔr ðən ðə ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ˈhaʊzɪŋ tɪ əkˈsɛpt ðə vælv ɪn ðə seɪm loʊˈkeɪʃən ɛz ðə soʊ ɪt hæv tɪ bi ˌriˈloʊkeɪtɪd ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɪn ðə ˈɪnʤən beɪ. nɑt ə ˈvɛri ˌfoʊtəˈʤɛnɪk ˌɪnˈstɔl, ɛz soʊ məʧ ˈhæpənz aʊt əv saɪt, bət ðə ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən wɑz wəns əˈgɛn ˈpərfəktli streɪt ˈfɔrwərd. ɪf aɪ rɪˈmɛmbər raɪt, bɛn dɪd ˈmɛnʃən ðət məʧ mɔr rum tɪ wərk əraʊnd ðə beɪ ˈvərsəz ðə tfsi*. ðeɪ ər ˈsɪmələr ˈʧæsi ənd ˈɛnʤənz, bət aɪ gɛs ðə ˈpækɪʤɪŋ həz ˌɪmˈpruvd bɪtˈwin ðə evolutions*. ə nu ɪgˈzɔst ˈmænɪˌfoʊld ˈgæskət wɑz juzd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. ˈiðər weɪ, ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ wɑz ˈbətənd əp ənd rikəˈnɛktɪd ɪn ə səˈpraɪzɪŋli ʃɔrt əˈmaʊnt əv taɪm. wi (rɛd: bɛn) ðɛn riˈfɪld ðə ˈɪnʤən wɪθ frɛʃ ˈmoʊbəl ˈsupər 3000 kin tɪ stɪk wɪθ fər ə waɪl, ˈhævɪŋ ˈrisəntli ʧeɪnʤd frəm ənd ˌɪnˈstɔld ə nu ɔɪl ˈfɪltər. wəns mɔr, ðə kɑr wɑz ˈstɑrtɪd bət nɑt ˌbiˈfɔr biɪŋ kræŋkt ə fju taɪmz tɪ muv ɔɪl θru ðə ˈɪnʤən ənd ˈɪntu ðə ˈəˌpraɪt ˈfɪltər ənd rən əp tɪ ˈtɛmpərəʧər waɪlst ɪts wər ˈmɑnətərd. ˈɛvəri kəˈnɛkʃən wɑz ˈdəbəl ʧɛkt tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr noʊ liks, ənd wəns bɛn wɑz ˈhæpi ðə kɑr wɑz ʃət daʊn fər ðə naɪt. əˈnəðər gʊd wərk dən. steɪɪŋ kul ɪn ˌsaʊθˈhæmptən ðə əv prəˈdusɪŋ mɔr paʊər ɪz hit, wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈkɪlər əv ˈɛnʤənz. waɪl aɪ maɪt lɪv ɪn ə ˈvɛri maɪld ˈklaɪmɪt, ɪt simd ðət ˈməðər ˈneɪʧər wɑz kin tɪ riˈmaɪnd ˈjuˈɛs ðət ɪt kən, ɔn əˈkeɪʒən, gɪt hɑt ɔn ɑr saɪd əv ðə wərld. wɪθ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈtɛmpərəʧərz əv 30°c/86°f*, ɪt fɛlt ˈsəmˈwət əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ðət ðə læst ˈaɪtəm tɪ bi ˈtækəld wɑz ðə. waɪl nɑt ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈdɪfəkəlt, ɪt ɪz ə ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən wɪθ ðə hoʊl frənt əv ðə kɑr ˈnidɪŋ tɪ bi strɪpt. ˈivɪn æt ðɪs steɪʤ, wɪθ ðə ˈbəmpərz ənd laɪts riˈmuvd, stɪl ˈoʊnli əˈbaʊt hæf weɪ ðɛr. ˈmaʊnɪd bɪtˈwin ðə ˈɛrkənˌdɪʃənɪŋ kənˈdɛnsər ənd ðə ˈwɔtər ˈreɪdiˌeɪtər, ðə ˈfæktəri ɪz ˈjuʒəwəli ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd tɪ bi ˈəpˌgreɪdɪd wəns goʊɪŋ bɪɔnd steɪʤ tu ˈlɛvəlz əv pərˈfɔrməns. əˈgɛn, ˈoʊnli ˈrɪli wɪn ju si ðə nu ənd oʊld ˈsaɪdbaɪˈsaɪd ðət ju kən əˈpriʃiˌeɪt ðə ˈdɪfərənsɪz. ðə ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ juz ˈɛvəri ɪnʧ əv speɪs əˈlaʊd ɪn ðə ˈfæktəri ˈmaʊntɪŋ pəˈzɪʃən, wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ tɪ ˈmɑdəˌfaɪ ər trɪm ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. ə ˈpərˌfɪkt fɪt. dɪˈspaɪt ðɪs, ju kən si ðə ˈɛkstrə ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈθɪknəs ɪn ðə kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə stɑk ˈaɪtəm, wɪʧ əˈlaʊz fər 54 mɔr kɔr ˈvɑljum ðən ˈfæktəri. ˈmeɪbi ðə moʊst drəˈmætɪk ˈdɪfərəns ɪz ɪn ðə, əˈspɛʃəli wɪθ kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən fər ðə məˈtɪriəlz juzd ənd ðə saɪz. ðə pleɪ ðɛr oʊn roʊl ɪn ˈhɛlpɪŋ tɪ ˈdɪsəˌpeɪt hit, wɪθ ˈæˌlɔɪ biɪŋ mɔr ˈifɛktɪv æt ˈkulɪŋ ðən ˈplæstɪk. ˈɔlsoʊ ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl saɪz ˈdɪfərəns ɔn ðə ˈɪnˌlɛt ənd ˈaʊˌtlɛt saɪd əv ðə intercoolers*. bət ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈdɪfərəns ɪz ðə (floʊ ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ˈsɪstəm) ˈsɛˌtəp, wɪʧ dɪˈstrɪbjuts ʧɑrʤ ɛr ˈjunəˌfɔrmli əˈkrɔs ðə ˈɪnˌlɛt saɪd əv ðə, ɪn kəmˈpɛrəsən wɪθ ˈəðərz wɪʧ ʤɪst rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ˈnæʧərəl ɛr floʊ. ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt, kleɪm ðət ðɛr ˌɪnˈkrisɪz hit ˌdɪsɪˈpeɪʃən baɪ 65 ˈvərsəz ˈəðər intercoolers*. ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən biɪŋ ðə ˈɑpəzɪt əv rɪˈmuvəl, bɛn sɛt əˈbaʊt ˈpisɪŋ ðə kɑr bæk təˈgɛðər fər ðə ˈfaɪnəl taɪm. ə ʃeɪm ðət ðɪs ɪz əˈbaʊt ɛz məʧ ju kən si əv ðə nu wɪn ɔl ɪz sɛd ənd dən. wɪθ ðə prəˈvaɪdɪd ˈsɪləkən ˈhoʊzɪz əˈtæʧt ənd ˈtaɪtənd, ɪt wɑz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən. ˈwərkɪŋ dɪˈrɛkli wɪθ ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ɪn sɔlt leɪk ˈsɪti, ˈjuˌtɔ, ədˈvaɪzd ˈjuˈɛs tɪ fɪt ðə kɑr wɪθ ə nu mæp ˈsɛnsər praɪər tɪ ðɛm rɪˈmoʊt ˈtunɪŋ ðə kɑr. frəm ˈsɛvərəl ˈθaʊzənd maɪəlz əˈweɪ. wɪθ ðɪs ˈfaɪnəl pis ˌɪnˈstɔld, ɪt wɑz ˈfaɪnəli taɪm tɪ si ʤɪst haʊ məʧ əv ə ˈdɪfərəns ðɛr wɑz. ˈhæpinəs, ˈnərvəsnəs ənd ɪkˈsaɪtmənt wər ɔl æt ðə fɔr əv maɪ ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz æt ðɪs pɔɪnt. ðɪs wɑz wət aɪ wɑz ˈweɪtɪŋ fər. geɪnz ðə θɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər, ɪz ðət ju ˈrɪli ˈriəˌlaɪz ɪt ənˈtɪl ɪt səˈpraɪzɪz ju frəm taɪm tɪ taɪm. hæd ʃɪpt ˈoʊvər ðɛr wɪʧ wʊd kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt wɪθ maɪ kɑr ɪn fækt, naʊ lɑkt tɪ maɪ kɑr ənd pleɪ ə ˈpɪvətəl roʊl ɪn ðə ˈtunɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs. ðə dɪˈvaɪs əˈlaʊz ðə ˈsɔfˌwɛr tɪ bi kˈwɪkli ənd ˈizəli ˈəˌploʊdɪd tɪ ðə kɑr. səm wiks ˌbiˈfɔr, aɪ prəˈvaɪdɪd wɪθ maɪ ˈditeɪlz, wɪθ wɪʧ ðeɪ sɛt əˈbaʊt kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə beɪs mæp fər maɪ nu ˈsɛˌtəp ɔn fjuəl. waɪl ɛnˈθuziˌæsts kən əˈveɪl əv əp tɪ æt ðə pəmp, ˈaɪrɪʃ ˈdraɪvərz kən ˈoʊnli əkˈwaɪər. ˈbeɪsɪkli, maɪ ʧɔɪs æt ə ˈsərvɪs ˈsteɪʃən ɪz ˈiðər 95 ər ˈdizəl. ˈnəθɪŋ ɛls. ðɪs ˈɑbviəsli pʊts mi æt ə ˌdɪsədˈvænɪʤ wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ pik paʊər, ɛz ɪz əˈprɑksəmətli ɪkˈwɪvələnt tɪ 91 ˈɑkteɪn ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɛz ðə kɑr wʊd bi tund fər frəm ðə get-go*, ɪt wʊd ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə moʊst frəm ɪt waɪl stɪl prəˈtɛktɪŋ ðə ˈɪnʤən æt ðə seɪm taɪm. æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə deɪ, ðɪs ɪz stɪl maɪ ˈdeɪli ˈdraɪvər ənd ˈoʊnli kɑr, soʊ noʊ pɔɪnt ɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪf ɪt ˈoʊnli læsts ə wik. riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti ənd wər goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ki tɪ ðɪs ˈtunɪŋ ˈsɛʃən. wɪθ ðə beɪs faɪl ˈəˌploʊdɪd tɪ ðə kɑr frəm ˈsərvər, ɪt wɑz taɪm tɪ stɑrt. ˈæftər ˈwɔrmɪŋ ðə kɑr əp, bɛn ˈʤɛntli brɔt ɪt θru ðə rɛv reɪnʤ, ˈkloʊsli ˈmɑnətərɪŋ ˈɛvəri ˈditeɪl ˌɪˈmæʤənəbəl. wəns hi wɑz ˈhæpi ðət ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ wɑz ɪn gʊd ˈɔrdər, ðə fərst paʊər rən wɑz pərˈfɔrmd. wɪθ ðət fərst dɪˈstɪŋktɪv əv ɪts nu rɛv limiter*, aɪ ˈweɪtɪd fər ðə kɑr tɪ dɪˈsɛlərˌeɪt ˌbiˈfɔr ðə fərst paʊər ˈfɪgjərz pɑpt əp ɔn skrin. wɪθ ɔn ðə ˈvɛri fərst rən. ɪt ʤɪst soʊ ˈhæpənd ðət ðə ˈæmbiənt ˈtɛmpərəʧər kənˈdəktɪv tɪ juʤ paʊər ˈnəmbərz, bət ˈivɪn æt ðət, aɪ wɑz ɔˈrɛdi ɛkˈstætɪk. aɪ naʊ oʊnd maɪ fərst+ kɑr. əˈnəðər rən wɑz pərˈfɔrmd fər ˈlɔgɪŋ ˈpərpəsɪz, ˌbiˈfɔr ðə kɑr wɑz lɛt kul daʊn ənd boʊθ bɛn ənd krɪs stuərt ˈmɪstər. ˈrigəl autosport*) ɪgˈzæmənd ðə ˈdætə ɪn frənt əv ðɛm. ðeɪ meɪd səm noʊts, ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsɛndɪŋ ðɛm ənd ðə lɔgz əˈkrɔs tɪ ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ, hu ɪn tərn sɛnt bæk ə rɪˈvaɪzd faɪl. ðə spid æt wɪʧ ðɪs ˈhæpənd wɑz ʤɪst ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl. wɪθ ðə kɑr ˈhævɪŋ kuld səˈfɪʃəntli, ðə nu ˈsɔfˌwɛr wɑz ˌɪnˈstɔld ənd ðə ˈdætə ˈgæðərɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs bɪˈgæn wəns əˈgɛn. əˈnəðər pʊl wɑz dən, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ əˈnəðər wɪθ ðə kɑr dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ kənˈsɪstəntli ðə seɪm rɪˈzəlts. ˈtɛmpərəʧərz wər ˈstɛdi, dɪˈspaɪt ðə fərˈoʊʃəs ˈæmbiənt hit. ðɪs taɪm, ðə ˈnəmbərz ˌɪnˈkrist tɪ ənd 325lbs/ft*. ðə ˈrɪli, ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv pɑrt, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪz ðə ʃeɪp əv ðə nu paʊər kərv ɪn kəmˈpɛrəsən tɪ ðə ˈpriviəs steɪt əv tun. fər ˈrɛfərəns, ðə ˈdɑtɪd laɪnz ər ˌbiˈfɔr ənd ðə ˈsɑləd laɪnz ˈæftər, wɪθ rɛd ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ ˈhɔrˌspaʊər ənd blu ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ tɔrk. ə ˈstægərˌɪŋ ˈdɪfərəns ɪn pərˈfɔrməns ənd ə kəmˈplit ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ðə ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪks əv ðə kɑr. ðə ˈtunɪŋ kənˈtɪnjud wɪθ boʊθ ˈrigəl ənd ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt mæp fər ðə kɑr, wɪʧ wʊd dɪˈlɪvər paʊər ənd riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti. ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, ˈrigəl ˈwɔntɪd tɪ əˈlaʊ səm ˈoʊvərˈhɛd ɪn ðə ˈtunɪŋ ʃʊd aɪ ˈɛvər pɪk əp bæd fjuəl. ə ˈmɑrʤən əv ˈɛrər ɪf ju wɪl. aɪ gɑt ðə kɑr bæk ðət naɪt, ʤɪst tɪ pʊt səm ˈizi maɪəlz ɔn ɪt ənd si ɪf ˈɛni ˈɪʃuz əroʊz, ˌbiˈfɔr rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ ˈrigəl ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈmɔrnɪŋ fər ˈfaɪnəl ˈdætə ˈlɔgɪŋ ənd faɪn ˈtunɪŋ. ðə ˈfaɪnəl deɪ wɑz ə ˈpərˌfɪkt rɪˈflɛkʃən əv maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns sɪns ərˈaɪvɪŋ ɪn ˌsaʊθˈhæmptən æt ðət ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ. wɪθ ðə bəlk əv ðə wərk dən, ɪt wɑz ʤɪst ə bɛlts ənd ˈbreɪsɪz kaɪnd əv deɪ ɛz ˈɛvəri ˈəpˈgreɪd wɑz pɔrd ˈoʊvər wəns əˈgɛn, ðə ˈdætə taɪm ənd taɪm əˈgɛn, ənd ðə læst rənz ɔn ðə pərˈfɔrmd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə kɑr wɑz ˈfʊli riˈlist tɪ mi. æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə deɪ, ðə kɑr kənˈsɪstəntli dɪˈlɪvərd ənd rən ˈæftər rən ˈæftər rən, wɪʧ ɪz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ənd 61lbs/ft*. mɔr soʊ, ə kəmˈplitli ˈdɪfərənt paʊər kərv, wɪθ ðə kɑr ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪn ˈɛkˌsɛs əv frəm ɔl ðə weɪ tɪ ɪts rɛv limiter*. æt ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə rɛv reɪnʤ, ˈmeɪkɪŋ (wɪʧ wɑz maɪ ˈpriviəs pik tɔrk ˈfɪgjər) frəm 3,000rpm*. wɛr ˌbiˈfɔr, ðɛr wɑz ə gʊd ʃəv æt ðə ˈbɑtəm, bət ɪt ɔl ˈfɪzəld aʊt bɪɔnd 4,000rpm*. naʊ ˈkɛriɪŋ paʊər ɔl ðə weɪ tɪ ðə limiter*. ˈəndər ˈnɔrməl ˈdeɪli ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz, ðə kɑr ɪz stɪl ɛz ˈdɑsəl ɛz ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz wɑz. ɪˈfɪʃənt ənd rɪˈfaɪnd, ˈævrɪʤɪŋ ɔn ə lɔŋ rən ənd ɪz stɪl ðə seɪm, nis kɑr ðət ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz wɑz. ðət ʧeɪnʤd. wət həz ʧeɪnʤd ɪz wɪn aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ goʊ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈhɑrdər ɔn ðə laʊd ˈpɛdəl; ðə reɪt æt wɪʧ ɪt ˈgæðərz spid, ˈkəpəld wɪθ ðə ʃɪfts frəm ðə ənd səˈpɔrtɪd wɪθ ə ˈprɑpər ˈsaʊnˌtræk frəm ðə ˈɪnˌteɪk ənd ɪgˈzɔst, ɪz ˈbrɛθˌteɪkɪŋ. aɪ ˈkænɑt bɪˈliv ðə seɪm kɑr. ˈvərʧuəli noʊ ˈtərboʊ læg, ənd wɪθ ðə nu paʊər bænd ɪt filz laɪk ə kəmˈplitli ˈdɪfərənt kɑr tɪ draɪv. ˈpriviəsli, ðɛr wɑz ə hɪnt əv tɪ ðə kɑr, ə bɪg rəʃ æt ðə ˈbɑtəm ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ðə paʊər bænd goʊɪŋ ɔf ə klɪf ɛz ðə ræn aʊt əv pəf. bət noʊ mɔr. aʊt əv ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti, aɪ ˈmɛʒərd ɪts pərˈfɔrməns ɔn ə ˈpraɪvət roʊd frəm wɪʧ tʊk ˈsɛkəndz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə fʊl tæŋk əv fjuəl, ə fʊl but ənd ə fʊl bæk sit wərθ əv ˈləgɪʤ. goʊɪŋ baɪ ðiz ˈfɪgjərz, ɪt pʊts ɪt ɪn səm ˈsɪriəs ˌɪˈləstriəs ˈkəmpəˌni. bət æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə deɪ, ɪt ɪz stɪl ʤɪst ə gɔlf. ʤɪst ə ˈrəðər kwɪk wən. ˈpædi məˈgræθ instagram*: tˈwɪtər: ˈkətɪŋ rum flɔr
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taking it all in
it’s taken just two years, but project gti is almost exactly the car i always wanted it to be.
if you caught the last update, you’ll know that the car was just about to go under the knife at regal autosport, and would probably expect the work to have long been finished. of course, you would be correct. sitting down to write this, i’ve been back on the road with the car for around 10 days, having already completed some long distance and a variety of driving with the freshly installed integrated engineering parts.
however, i’m going to go back to where we left off previously and go through the whole build process. before i travelled to regal’s workshop in southampton, england, we had already fitted the new integrated engineering cold air intake and breather plate. this left four considerable jobs still to be carried out: installation of the intake manifold, k04 turbocharger system, uprated front-mount intercooler and tuning.
before we got underway, regal spent the time to check the car over to ensure they were working with a healthy example. some baseline power readings were made on the previous setup so we could accurately assess what gains would ultimately be made. with its stage two software, the car put down 247bhp and 250lbs/ft on regal’s mustang dyno with 95ron fuel (us 91 octane equivalent, but more on that later). in my experience, mustangs are very consistent dynos and exactly what we would need when the time came to tune the car. the most important part was that we were going to be comparing like for like on the same system.
the first part of the process to be tackled after the health check was the intake manifold. the factory intake manifolds on the 2.0-litre tsi engines are renowned for being a little bit fragile; made of plastic, they’re known to crack, leak and the runner flap system inside them to completely fail. plus, they’re ugly as hell, so there’s that.
with it removed, we – mostly ben at regal – were able to inspect the condition of the valves on the intake side of the engine. tsi engines are direct injection, so no fuel is sprayed over the valves during the combustion process unlike port injection. instead, the fuel is sprayed directly into the cylinder.
because the factory pcv system mists unburnt fuel and oil vapours back into the intake manifold, it means that the valves can get covered in carbon deposits. we’ve removed this pcv system and is the main reason behind running the ie breather plate and catch can setup, which prevents this from happening. still, there was around 40,000 miles worth of build-up from the previous owner.
luckily, they weren’t that badly coked up, but it made sense for them to be cleaned with the manifold off. soaking them in petrol overnight made the job infinitely easier when ben got in the next morning.
so much so in fact, that he already had them cleaned by the time i arrived. the carbon deposits are drawn out of the valve chamber during this process.
with the valves cleaned, he was already at the end of the process of transferring parts over from the old manifold to the new one. because of the difference in the runners, the fuel rail mounting bracket needs to be trimmed for it to fit on the new intake. integrated engineering supply a diagram of this bracket, with a guide of where to trim and how much material to remove so there’s no guess work involved.
for some reason, this part of the installation was the bit that worried me the most. i guess it’s just because you don’t (or at least i don’t) see the intake manifolds on these getting changed very often. still, it was just another day in the office and the process was as smooth as you could hope for.
the reinstallation of the new manifold was as expected – no issues with fitment or fouling lines and no modifications required (save for the fuel rail bracket detailed above); it was like installing a factory part.
with everything put back together, ben started the car and was able to ascertain that everything was fitted properly and running correctly. this is an important part of the process during a series of upgrades, as it makes troubleshooting much easier. with everything running as it should, the engine didn’t even throw a cel; we were now able to move onto the next phase of the upgrade..
would sir like some boost?
with the intake installed and operating correctly, focus moved to the other side of the engine. the mk6 gti is factory-equipped with an ihi k03 turbocharger, which is a small but efficient unit. however, we had reached the limit of what it could achieve (at least without sending it into the stratosphere).
red was in good company at regal over the course of its week-long visit, which also happened to be the run-up to players classic. so it was a particular busy week for the team.
the original turbocharger came out with little fuss, asides from two very tight exhaust-side bolts. with both units on the bench beside each other, it made it much easier to see the difference between the k03 and k04.
with the k03 on the left and k04 on the right, you should notice a difference, despite my apparent inability to photograph them at the same distance. what i can tell you is that the k04 is just that little bit bigger in the places that count, allowing it to move a considerable amount of air more than the k03.
integrated engineering also pre-machine the housing to accept the gti’s diverter valve in the same location as the k03, so it doesn’t have to be relocated elsewhere in the engine bay.
it’s not a very photogenic install, as so much happens out of sight, but the installation was once again perfectly straight forward. if i remember right, ben did mention that there’s much more room to work around the mk6 tsi bay versus the mk5 tfsi. they are similar chassis and engines, but i guess the packaging has improved between the evolutions. a new exhaust manifold gasket was used during the process.
either way, everything was buttoned up and reconnected in a surprisingly short amount of time.
we (read: ben) then refilled the engine with fresh 5w40 mobil super 3000 (i’m keen to stick with 5w40 for a while, having recently changed from 5w30) and installed a new oil filter.
once more, the car was started – but not before being cranked a few times to move oil through the engine and into the upright filter – and run up to temperature whilst its vitals were monitored. every connection was double checked to ensure no leaks, and once ben was happy the car was shut down for the night.
another good day’s work done.
staying cool in southampton
the by-product of producing more power is heat, which is the biggest killer of engines. while i might live in a very mild climate, it seemed that mother nature was keen to remind us that it can, on occasion, get hot on our side of the world.
with outside temperatures of 30°c/86°f, it felt somewhat appropriate that the last item to be tackled was the intercooler.
while not particularly difficult, it is a comprehensive installation with the whole front of the car needing to be stripped. even at this stage, with the bumpers and lights removed, you’re still only about half way there.
mounted between the air-conditioning condenser and the water radiator, the factory intercooler is usually recommended to be upgraded once going beyond stage two levels of performance.
again, it’s only really when you see the new and old side-by-side that you can appreciate the differences.
the integrated engineering intercooler was designed to use every inch of space allowed in the factory mounting position, without having to modify or trim anything. it’s a perfect fit. despite this, you can see the extra overall thickness in the intercooler compared to the stock item, which allows for 54% more core volume than factory.
maybe the most dramatic difference is in the end-tanks, especially with consideration for the materials used and the size. the end-tanks play their own role in helping to dissipate heat, with alloy being more effective at cooling than plastic.
there’s also a considerable size difference on the inlet and outlet side of the intercoolers.
but the biggest difference is the ie fds (flow distribution system) setup, which distributes charge air uniformly across the inlet side of the intercooler, in comparison with others which just rely on natural air flow. as a result, ie claim that their fds increases heat dissipation by 65% versus other intercoolers.
installation being the opposite of removal, ben set about piecing the car back together for the final time.
it’s a shame that this is about as much you can see of the new intercooler when all is said and done.
with the provided silicon hoses attached and tightened, it was almost the end of the hardware installation.
working directly with integrated engineering in salt lake city, utah, ie advised us to fit the car with a new map sensor prior to them remote tuning the car. from several thousand miles away.
with this final piece installed, it was finally time to see just how much of a difference there was. happiness, nervousness and excitement were all at the fore of my emotions at this point. this was what i was waiting for.
gains
the thing about living in the future, is that you don’t really realise it until it surprises you from time to time. ie had shipped over their powerlink which would communicate with my car – in fact, it’s now locked to my car – and play a pivotal role in the tuning process.
the obd2 device allows the software to be quickly and easily uploaded to the car. some weeks before, i provided ie with my ecu details, with which they set about creating a base map for my new setup on 95ron fuel. while uk enthusiasts can avail of up to 99ron at the pump, irish drivers can only acquire 95ron. basically, my choice at a service station is either 95 or diesel. nothing else.
this obviously puts me at a disadvantage when it comes to making peak power, as 95ron is approximately equivalent to 91 octane in the united states. however, as the car would be tuned for 95ron from the get-go, it would ensure that i’m getting the most from it while still protecting the engine at the same time.
at the end of the day, this is still my daily driver and only car, so there’s no point in making 400whp if it only lasts a week. reliability and drivability were going to be key to this tuning session.
with the base file uploaded to the car from ie’s server, it was time to start. after warming the car up, ben gently brought it through the rev range, closely monitoring every detail imaginable. once he was happy that everything was in good order, the first power run was performed.
with that first distinctive pop-pop-pop of its new hard-cut rev limiter, i waited for the car to decelerate before the first power figures popped up on screen. 320bhp with 310lbs/ft on the very first run.
it just so happened that the ambient temperature wasn’t conductive to huge power numbers, but even at that, i was already ecstatic. i now owned my first 300bhp+ car.
another run was performed for logging purposes, before the car was let cool down and both ben and chris stewart (that’s mr. regal autosport) examined the data in front of them. they made some notes, before sending them and the logs across to integrated engineering, who in turn sent back a revised file. the speed at which this happened was just incredible.
with the car having cooled sufficiently, the new software was installed and the data gathering process began once again.
another pull was done, followed by another with the car delivering consistently the same results. temperatures were steady, despite the ferocious ambient heat.
this time, the numbers increased to 330bhp and 325lbs/ft. the really, really impressive part, however, is the shape of the new power curve in comparison to the previous state of tune. for reference, the dotted lines are before and the solid lines after, with red representing horsepower and blue representing torque. that’s a staggering difference in performance and a complete change in the driving characteristics of the car.
the tuning continued with both regal and ie working to develop the perfect map for the car, which would deliver power and reliability. in particular, regal wanted to allow some overhead in the tuning should i ever pick up bad fuel. a margin of error if you will.
i got the car back that night, just to put some easy miles on it and see if any issues arose, before returning to regal the following morning for final data logging and fine tuning.
the final day was a perfect reflection of my experience since arriving in southampton at 5:00am that tuesday morning. with the bulk of the work done, it was just a belts and braces kind of day as every upgrade was pored over once again, the data re-examined time and time again, and the last runs on the dyno performed before the car was fully released to me.
at the end of the day, the car consistently delivered 321bhp and 312lbs/ft run after run after run, which is a result of +74bhp and +61lbs/ft. more so, there’s a completely different power curve, with the car making in excess of 300bhp from 5,250rpm all the way to its 7,000rpm rev limiter. at the bottom of the rev range, i’m making 250lbs/ft (which was my previous peak torque figure) from 3,000rpm. where before, there was a good shove at the bottom, but it all fizzled out beyond 4,000rpm. i’m now carrying power all the way to the limiter.
under normal daily driving circumstances, the car is still as docile as it always was. it’s efficient and refined, averaging 35mpg on a long run and is still the same, nice car that it always was. that hasn’t changed.
what has changed is when i decide to go a little harder on the loud pedal; the rate at which it gathers speed, coupled with the shifts from the dsg and supported with a proper soundtrack from the intake and exhaust, is breathtaking. i cannot believe it’s the same car. there’s virtually no turbo lag, and with the new power band it feels like a completely different car to drive. previously, there was a hint of turbo-diesel to the car, a big rush at the bottom followed by the power band going off a cliff as the k03 ran out of puff. but no more.
out of curiosity, i measured its performance – on a private road – from 60-100mph which took 5.9 seconds including a full tank of fuel, a full boot and a full back seat worth of luggage. going by these figures, it puts it in some serious illustrious company. but at the end of the day, it is still just a golf.
just a rather quick one.
paddy mcgrath
instagram: pmcgphotos
twitter: pmcgphotos
paddy@speedhunters.com
cutting room floor
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ˈrɑbənsən əˈkaʊntɪd fər 383 jɑrdz ənd tu ˈtəʧˌdaʊnz ɪn hɪz fərst geɪm ɛz ˈmɪʃɪgənz ˈstɑrtɪŋ kˈwɔrtərˌbæk, ˈlidɪŋ ðə tɪ ə wɪn ˈoʊvər ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ æt ðə bɪg haʊs. ðə pleɪər noʊn ɛz "ˈʃuˌleɪs" bɪˈkəz hi ˈdəzənt leɪs əp hɪz klits geɪv ðə fɪts. "ðeɪ wər laɪk, 'teɪk hɪz ʃu! teɪk hɪz ʃu!'" ˈrɑbənsən rɪˈkɔld. "ðeɪ tʊk ðɛm ɔf, wən əv ðə pleɪz, wɪn aɪ ræn ənd gɑt ə fərst daʊn. "ðeɪ wər traɪɪŋ tɪ sloʊ mi daʊn, aɪ gɛs." ˈrɑbənsən ræn fər 197 jɑrdz ˈsɛtɪŋ ə skul ˈrɛkərd fər ə ənd ə. hi wɑz 19 əv 22 fər 186 jɑrdz ənd ə skɔr. "dɪˈnɑrd ˈrɑbənsənz goʊɪŋ tɪ meɪk ˈpipəl lʊk bæd," koʊʧ ˈrændi ɪdˈsɔl sɛd. ðə ənd ɛmˈbætəld koʊʧ rɪʧ rɑˈdrigɛz ˈdɛspərətli ˈnidɪd ə ˈvɪktəri tɪ stɑrt hɪz θərd ˈsizən ɪn æn ˈɑrbər. ˈmɪʃɪgən lɔst 16 geɪmz ɪn hɪz fərst tu ˈsizənz wɪθ ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈfʊtˌbɔlz ˈwɪnɪŋəst tim ənd ˈvaɪəleɪtɪd ˈmeɪʤər rulz fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn ˈproʊˌgræm ˈhɪstəri. "wiv bɪn θru ə lɔt," rɑˈdrigɛz sɛd. "ðɪs ɪz ʤɪst ə wɪn, bət əm goʊɪŋ tɪ lɛt ɑr gaɪz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ɪt. aɪ toʊld ɑr pleɪərz, 'wiv gɑt ə juʤ geɪm nɛkst wik, wi hæv tɪ kip ðə seɪm ˈfoʊkɪs wi hæd ðə læst fɔr wiks.'" ˈmɪʃɪgən pleɪz æt ˈnoʊtər deɪm, wɪʧ wən ɪts ˈoʊpənər, ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ. ðə' ˈoʊpənər kʊd nɑt hæv gɔn məʧ ˈbɛtər ɛz ðeɪ ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd ən ɪkˈspɪriənst tim kənˈsɪdərd ə kənˈtɛndər ɪn ðə bɪg ist. ðə treɪld baɪ 21 ˈərli ənd hæd ə ʧæns tɪ pʊl wɪˈθɪn ə leɪt ɪn ðə θərd kˈwɔrtər, bət ˈtrænsfər d.j*. ˈʃuˌmeɪt tʊk ə ʃɑt frəm j.t*. flɔɪd ənd ˈfəmbəld ənd rɪˈkəvərd æt ðə ˈmɪʃɪgən 3 "ðət wɑz juʤ," rɑˈdrigɛz sɛd. ðə kraʊd wɑz tu. ə ˈfʊtˌbɔl əˈtɛndəns ˈrɛkərd əv wɑz sɛt æt ðə ˈmɪʃɪgən ˈsteɪdiəm, wɪʧ naʊ həz ˈtaʊrɪŋ ˈstrəkʧərz əˈlɔŋ boʊθ ˈsaɪˌdlaɪnz wɪθ ˈləgʒəri ˈbɑksɪz ənd kləb sits ðət ər pɑrt əv ə 226 ˈmɪljən ˌrɛnəˈveɪʃən. ðə ˈpriviəs mɑrk wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ æt ˈmɪʃɪgən ˈsteɪdiəm ɪn 2003 ðə læst taɪm ðə bit ˈraɪvəl oʊˈhaɪoʊ steɪt. ə ˈvɪdioʊ ˈtrɪbjut wɪθ kiθ ˈʤæksənz ˈbumɪŋ vɔɪs paɪpt ɪn ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni ənd ə mərˈækjələs wɔk baɪ brɑk ˈmilər, huz ˈbrəðər, ˈɛliət, ɪz ə ˈmɪʃɪgən əˈfɛnsɪv ˈlaɪnmən, gɑt ðə kraʊd faɪərd əp ˌbiˈfɔr ˈkɪˌkɔf. ˈdɑktərz toʊld brɑk ˈmilər hi ˈwʊdənt bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ wɔk əˈgɛn ˈæftər hi ənd hɪz ˈbrəðər wər ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ə kɑr ˈæksədənt ɔn ˈkrɪsməs iv ɪn 2007 ðət kɪld ðɛr ˈfɑðər ənd hɪz ˈbrəðərz ˈgərlˌfrɛnd. hɪmˈsɛlf wɪθ tu keɪnz, brɑk ˈmilər sˈloʊli meɪd hɪz weɪ ˈɔntu ðə fild wɪθ hɪz ˈbrəðər æt hɪz saɪd ənd ˈivɪn stɑpt tɪ græb ðə bɪg goʊ blu ˈbænər ðə tim rənz ˈəndər wɪn ðeɪ liv ðə ˈtənəl ənd rən ˈɔntu ðə fild. "ɪt wɑz ə ˈtəʧɪŋ ˈmoʊmənt fər ˈjuˈɛs bɪˈkəz wi noʊ ðə hoʊl ˈstɔri," rɑˈdrigɛz sɛd. wɪn ðə geɪm bɪˈgæn, ðə ˈdɪdənt lɛt ðɛr fænz daʊn. ˈmɪʃɪgənz dɪˈfɛns, wɪʧ wɑz ə juʤ ˈprɑbləm læst ˈsizən, fɔrst ðə tɪ goʊ ɔn ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ draɪv. "læst jɪr, wi wərənt gʊd, soʊ ðɪs jɪr wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ kəm aʊt ənd meɪk ə ˈsteɪtmənt," ˈlaɪnˌbækər kreɪg roʊ sɛd. ˈrɑbənsən bit aʊt læst jɪrz ˈstɑrtər, teɪt ˈfɔrkiər, ənd ˈhaɪli ˈtaʊtɪd ˈfrɛʃmən ˈdɛvɪn ˈgɑrdnər, fər ðə raɪt tɪ teɪk ðə fərst snæp ənd kˈwɪkli ʃoʊd waɪ. hi dɪˈspleɪd hɪz ˈbleɪzɪŋ spid ðɛn pruvd hi kʊd θroʊ, tu, ˈæftər ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈstɪl feɪθ ɪn hɪz ɑrm læst jɪr ɛz ə ˈfrɛʃmən. hi θru ʃɑrp ˈpæsɪz ɪn ðə flæt, ˈoʊvər ðə ˈmɪdəl ənd dip ənd ˈpərfəktli ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd ə pleɪ ɪn wɪʧ hi pəmp feɪkt wən weɪ ənd θru əˈnəðər. ˈrɑbənsən ræn ðə bɔl 29 taɪmz ˈjuʒəwəli baɪ dɪˈzaɪn ənd broʊk stiv smɪθs kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ˈrəʃɪŋ ˈrɛkərd əv 147 jɑrdz, sɛt ɪn 1983 æt ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə. "ðæts ˈkreɪzi," ˈrɑbənsən sɛd. "ðæts ə drim kəm tru." ˈvɪnsɪnt smɪθ, ˈkəmɪŋ ɔf ni ˈsərʤəri, skɔrd hɪz fərst əv tu ˈtəʧˌdaʊnz ɔn ə rən ɔn ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ pəˈzɛʃən ənd ɔn ən pæs ˈərli ɪn ðə fɔrθ tɪ meɪk ɪt ˈrɑbənsən hæd ə rən leɪt ɪn ðə fərst kˈwɔrtər ənd ˈhændɪd ɔf tɪ ˈmaɪkəl ʃɔ fər ə ˈskɔrɪŋ rən ˈərli ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd ðət pʊt ðə əˈhɛd baʊnst bæk wɪθ ə fild goʊl ənd ˈʤɔrdən ˈtɑdmən, hu ræn fər 105 jɑrdz, rəʃt fər ə rən tɪ pʊl wɪˈθɪn æt ˈhæfˌtaɪm. ˈmɪʃɪgən pʊʃt ɪt tɪ wɪθ ə fild goʊl ɪn ðə θərd kˈwɔrtər ˈæftər ə lɔŋ, draɪv. wɑz ɔn ðə vərʤ əv ˈkətɪŋ ðə lɛd tɪ ə ˈtəʧˌdaʊn wɪn ˈʃuˌmeɪt ˈfəmbəld ənd ðət wɑz ðə læst θrɛt. zæk ˈfreɪzər wɑz 18 əv 37 fər 205 jɑrdz, ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈmɛni ˌɑpərˈtunətiz bɪˈkəz əv drɑps ənd ˈɛrənt θroʊz. "aɪ hoʊld ˈɛvəri drɔp ɔn mi," ˈfreɪzər sɛd. "səm əv ðə ˈpæsɪz wər ə ˈlɪtəl lɛft, ə ˈlɪtəl raɪt. əm ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd ɪf ɪts nɑt ɔn ðɛr ʧɛst ɔn ðɛr hænz ɪgˈzæktli."
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robinson accounted for 383 yards and two touchdowns in his first game as michigan's starting quarterback, leading the wolverines to a 30-10 win over uconn on saturday at the bigger-than-ever big house.
the player known as "shoelace" because he doesn't lace up his cleats gave the huskies fits.
"they were like, 'take his shoe! take his shoe!'" robinson recalled. "they took them off, one of the plays, when i ran and got a first down.
"they were trying to slow me down, i guess."
robinson ran for 197 yards -- setting a school record for a qb -- and a td. he was 19 of 22 for 186 yards and a score.
"denard robinson's going to make people look bad," uconn coach randy edsall said.
the wolverines and embattled coach rich rodriguez desperately needed a victory to start his third season in ann arbor. michigan lost 16 games in his first two seasons with college football's winningest team and violated major ncaa rules for the first time in program history.
"we've been through a lot," rodriguez said. "this is just a win, but i'm going to let our guys enjoy it. i told our players, 'we've got a huge game next week, we have to keep the same focus we had the last four weeks.'"
michigan plays at notre dame, which won its opener, on saturday.
the wolverines' opener could not have gone much better as they dominated an experienced uconn team considered a contender in the big east.
the huskies trailed by 21 early and had a chance to pull within a td late in the third quarter, but usc transfer d.j. shoemate took a shot from j.t. floyd and fumbled and obi ezeh recovered at the michigan 3.
"that was huge," rodriguez said.
the crowd was too.
a football attendance record of 113,090 was set at the new-look michigan stadium, which now has towering structures along both sidelines with luxury boxes and club seats that are part of a $226 million renovation. the previous mark was 112,118 -- also at michigan stadium -- in 2003, the last time the wolverines beat rival ohio state.
a video tribute -- with keith jackson's booming voice piped in -- ribbon-cutting ceremony and a miraculous walk by brock mealer, whose brother, elliott, is a michigan offensive lineman, got the crowd fired up before kickoff.
doctors told brock mealer he wouldn't be able to walk again after he and his brother were involved in a car accident on christmas eve in 2007 that killed their father and his brother's girlfriend.
steadying himself with two canes, brock mealer slowly made his way onto the field with his brother at his side and even stopped to grab the big go blue banner the team runs under when they leave the tunnel and run onto the field.
"it was a touching moment for us because we know the whole story," rodriguez said.
when the game began, the wolverines didn't let their fans down.
michigan's defense, which was a huge problem last season, forced the huskies to go three-and-out on the opening drive.
"last year, we weren't good, so this year we wanted to come out and make a statement," linebacker craig roh said.
robinson beat out last year's starter, tate forcier, and highly touted freshman devin gardner, for the right to take the first snap and quickly showed why.
he displayed his blazing speed then proved he could throw, too, after failing to instill faith in his arm last year as a freshman. he threw sharp passes in the flat, over the middle and deep downfield and perfectly executed a play in which he pump faked one way and threw another.
robinson ran the ball 29 times -- usually by design -- and broke steve smith's quarterback rushing record of 147 yards, set in 1983 at minnesota.
"that's crazy," robinson said. "that's a dream come true."
vincent smith, coming off knee surgery, scored his first of two touchdowns on a 12-yard run on the opening possession and on an 11-yard pass early in the fourth to make it 30-10.
robinson had a 32-yard td run late in the first quarter and handed off to michael shaw for a scoring run early in the second that put the wolverines ahead 21-0.
uconn bounced back with a field goal and jordan todman, who ran for 105 yards, rushed for a td run to pull within 21-10 at halftime.
michigan pushed it to 24-10 with a field goal in the third quarter after a long, time-consuming drive. uconn was on the verge of cutting the lead to a touchdown when shoemate fumbled and that was the huskies last threat.
uconn's zach frazer was 18 of 37 for 205 yards, missing many opportunities because of drops and errant throws.
"i hold every drop on me," frazer said. "some of the passes were a little left, a little right. i'm disappointed if it's not on their chest on their hands exactly."
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spacex* wʊd tɛst ə ˈlændɪŋ ˈsɪstəm fər ɪts ˈdrægən ˈspeɪˌskræft æt ɪts tɛst saɪt ɪn məˈgrɛgər, ˈtɛksəs, ˈəndər ən ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈpərˌmɪt ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən (faa*) həz prəˈpoʊzd ˈgrænɪŋ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni. ðə ˈeɪʤənsi həz ˈɪʃud ə dræft ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl əˈsɛsmənt fər ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə riˈuzəbəl lɔnʧ ˈviɪkəl (rlv*) æt ðə ˈtɛksəs saɪt wɛr tɛsts ɪts ˈmərlɪn di ˈɛnʤənz. ˈəndər ðə prəˈpoʊzd ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈpərˌmɪt, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wʊd ˈkɑndəkt əp tɪ 30 tɛsts əv ðə tɪ dɪˈvɛləp tɛkˈniks ðət wɪl əˈlaʊ ə ˈdrægən ˈspeɪˌskræft tɪ təʧ daʊn ɔn lænd ˈrəðər ðən ˈsplæʃɪŋ daʊn ɪn ðə ˈoʊʃən ɛz ðeɪ du ˈkərəntli. ðə kənˈsɪsts əv ə ˈdrægən ˈkæpsəl wɪθ ə ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd trəŋk ðət ɪz 17 fit haɪ ənd 13 fit əˈkrɔs æt ðə beɪs. ðə ˈviɪkəl wʊd juz ə ˈmæksəməm əv 400 ˈgælənz əv prəˈpɛlənt, wɪʧ wʊd kənˈsɪst əv ˈnaɪtrəʤən (nto*) ənd (mmh*). ðə ˈteɪbəl bɪˈloʊ ʃoʊz plæn fər flaɪt ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə.
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spacex would test a propulsive landing system for its dragon spacecraft at its test site in mcgregor, texas, under an experimental permit the federal aviation administration (faa) has proposed granting the company.
the agency has issued a draft environmental assessment for testing the dragonfly reusable launch vehicle (rlv) at the texas site where spacex tests its merlin d engines.
under the proposed experimental permit, the company would conduct up to 30 tests of the rlv to develop techniques that will allow a dragon spacecraft to touch down on land rather than splashing down in the ocean as they do currently.
the dragonfly rlv consists of a dragon capsule with a integrated trunk that is 17 feet high and 13 feet across at the base. the vehicle would use a maximum of 400 gallons of propellant, which would consist of nitrogen tetroxide (nto) and monomethylhydrazine (mmh).
the table below shows spacex’s plan for flight testing the dragonfly rlv.
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ˈnaɪnˈtin sərʧ ənd ˈrɛskju kruz ər naʊ ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ faɪnd ə ˈməʃrum ˈpɪkər hu wɛnt ˈmɪsɪŋ nɪr sˈmɪðərz, b.c*., ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə wik əˈgoʊ. ˈfrænsɪs braʊn, 53 wɑz ˈsɛpərˌeɪtɪd frəm hər ˈpɪkɪŋ kəmˈpænjən ɔkt. 14 ɪn ə rɪˈmoʊt ənd ˈhɛvəli ˈfɔrəstəd ˈɛriə wɛst əv ˈhaɪˌweɪ 16 bɪtˈwin sˈmɪðərz ənd ˈheɪzəltən. "wi hæv faʊnd ə ˈnəmbər əv kluz," sɛd krɪs mushumanski*, ˈpəblɪk riˈleɪʃənz ˈɔfɪsər wɪθ b.c*. sərʧ ənd ˈrɛskju. "ðə sərʧ ɪz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ən ˈɛriə bɪtˈwin θri roʊdz wɪθ ə krik ˈrənɪŋ daʊn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ɪt." ðə sərʧ ˈɛriə wɛr ʤɔɪnd baɪ 19 ˈdɪfərənt graʊnd sɑr grups <ə href="https://twitter.com/pepair_rescue?ref_src=twsrc%5etfw">@pepair_rescue</a*> kənˈtɪnju tɪ sərʧ fər ə ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈməʃrum ˈpɪkər <ə href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/bcsar?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5etfw">#bcsar</a*> <ə href="https://t.co/aorrbad1ty">pic.twitter.com/aorrbad1ty</a*> braʊn, ə fərst ˈneɪʃənz ˈwʊmən, ɪz sɛd tɪ noʊ ðə ˈɛriə ənd həz səm ɪkˈspɪriəns. ʃi wɑz ˈkɛriɪŋ reɪn ənd ˈhaɪkɪŋ gɪr, ɛz wɛl ɛz ə ˈlaɪtər. "ðɛr ɪz ə lɔt əv ˈfɔrɪst ˈɛriə wɛr, ɪf ˈsəmˌbɑdi ˈhəŋkərd daʊn, ðeɪ kʊd gɪt aʊt əv ðə ˈɛləmənts. ðə fjuəl ɪn ˈpleɪsɪz ɪz draɪ ənd wɪr kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ tɪ meɪk ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn ðə sərʧ," sɛd mushumanski*. sɛd ɪn ə riˈlis ðət braʊn ˈkænɑt hir aʊt əv wən əv hər ɪrz. ˈsərʧərz wər sloʊd baɪ snoʊ ənd reɪn ˈərliər ɪn ðə wik bət ˈwɛðər həz sɪns ˌɪmˈpruvd, ˈeɪdɪŋ ˈsərʧərz. ˈnaɪnˈtin sərʧ ənd ˈrɛskju timz frəm əˈkrɔs b.c*. ər naʊ ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə ˈɛfərt tɪ faɪnd ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈməʃrum ˈpɪkər ˈfrænsɪs braʊn. ˈvæli graʊnd sərʧ ənd rescue/facebook*) ðə skeɪl əv ðə ˈɛfərt ɪz ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ɪn ˈnɔrðərn ˈbrɪtɪʃ kəˈləmbiə ɪn "ˈmɛni, ˈmɛni jɪrz" əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ mushumanski*. "ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ wi hæd θri ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptərz ɪn ðə ɛr, ˈspɑtərz ɪn ðə ɛr frəm [ðə prəˈvɪnʃəl ˈimərʤənsi ˈproʊˌgræm], ˈbəlkli ˈvæli ˈæməˌʧər ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs wɪθ kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ənd ðə sælˈveɪʃən ˈɑrmi aʊt ðɛr ˈkʊkɪŋ hɑt milz," hi sɛd. "ðɛrz ə lɔt əv kənˈsərn ˈgɪvɪn ðə əˈmaʊnt əv taɪm ðət həz pæst bət ðə sərʧ ənd ˈrɛskju kəmˈjunɪti kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ gɪt aʊt ðɛr ənd ˈkəvər ðə graʊnd ˈθəroʊli ənd ˈseɪfli."
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nineteen search and rescue crews are now working to find a mushroom picker who went missing near smithers, b.c., almost a week ago.
frances brown, 53, was separated from her picking companion oct. 14 in a remote and heavily forested area west of highway 16 between smithers and hazelton.
"we have found a number of clues," said chris mushumanski, public relations officer with b.c. search and rescue. "the search is focused on an area between three roads with a creek running down the middle of it."
the search area where rcmp joined by 19 different ground sar groups & <a href="https://twitter.com/pepair_rescue?ref_src=twsrc%5etfw">@pepair_rescue</a> continue to search for a missing mushroom picker <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/bcsar?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5etfw">#bcsar</a> <a href="https://t.co/aorrbad1ty">pic.twitter.com/aorrbad1ty</a> —@nechakovallysar
brown, a first nations woman, is said to know the area and has some backcountry experience. she was carrying rain and hiking gear, as well as a lighter.
"there is a lot of forest area where, if somebody hunkered down, they could get out of the elements. the fuel in places is dry and we're continuing to make progress in the search," said mushumanski.
rcmp said in a release that brown cannot hear out of one of her ears.
searchers were slowed by snow and rain earlier in the week but weather has since improved, aiding searchers.
nineteen search and rescue teams from across b.c. are now involved in the effort to find missing mushroom picker frances brown. (comox valley ground search and rescue/facebook)
the scale of the effort is the largest in northern british columbia in "many, many years" according to mushumanski.
"yesterday we had three helicopters in the air, spotters in the air from [the provincial emergency program], bulkley valley amateur radio helping us with communications and the salvation army out there cooking hot meals," he said.
"there's a lot of concern given the amount of time that has passed but the search and rescue community continues to get out there and cover the ground thoroughly and safely."
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mɑr 07 2017 æt nuz ˈninə laɪən ˈɔθər ˈmɛdvəˌdɛv, praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər əv ˈrəʃə, hu ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ən əv ðə ˈrəʃən ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən, ˌɪnˈstrəktɪd əˈθɔrətiz tɪ əˈdɑpt tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪn ðə ˈrəʃən ɪˈkɑnəmi. æt ðə ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ vaɪs prɛˈmɪrz ɔn mɑrʧ 6 ˈmɛdvəˌdɛv əˈfɪʃəli rɪkˈwɛstɪd ˈmɪnɪstriz tɪ faɪnd ˌɑpərˈtunətiz tɪ juz ðə ædˈvæntɪʤɪz əv tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪn ˈpəblɪk ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən. hi ˈsteɪtɪd ɪn hɪz ˈoʊpənɪŋ spiʧ "aɪ æsk tɪ kənˈsɪdər ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ˈjuzɪŋ tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪn ðə ˈsɪstəm əv ˈpəblɪk ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ənd ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi əv ðə ˈrəʃən ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən". əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər, ɪt ɪz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðə weɪ ðɪs tɛkˈnɑləʤi kən mæʧ wɪθ ðə ˈrəʃən ˈsɪstəm əv ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ɪˈkɑnəmi, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈwɛðər ɪt kən hɛlp tɪ gɪt rɪd əv ənˈnɛsəˌsɛri ɪn ˈbɪznɪs. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə rɪˈpɔrt frəm bits.media*, ðə ˈgəvərnmənts ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv plæn əv ˈækʃən fər ðə ˈpɪriəd ənˈtɪl 2025 ˌɪnˈkludz ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ə smɑrt ɪˈkɑnəmi ənd, ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ˈvɛriəs ˈdɪʤɪtəl tɛkˈnɑləʤiz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ. ˈmɛdvəˌdɛv ˌɪnˈstrəktɪd ˈmɪnɪstriz ənd ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ˈfɛdərəl ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈbɑdiz tɪ priˈpɛr ðə dræft əv ðə "ˈdɪʤɪtəl ɪˈkɑnəmi" ˈproʊˌgræm. hi sɛd: "sɪns ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ˈstɔrɪʤ əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd ɪt ɪz ˈsɛpərˌeɪtɪd ˈɪntu blɑks, ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ˈriˌraɪt ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wɪˈθaʊt biɪŋ ˈnoʊtɪst. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ɪt ɪz bɪˈlivd ðət ɪt kən hɛlp tɪ gɪt rɪd əv ənˈnɛsəˌsɛri əv ˈbɪznɪs. aɪ geɪv ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz tɪ ðə ˈmɪnɪstri əv kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ənd ðə ˈmɪnɪstri əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈvɛləpmənt tɪ kənˈsɪdər ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ˈjuzɪŋ ðiz tɛkˈnɑləʤiz ɪn pərˈpɛrɪŋ ðə ˈproʊˌgræm "ˈdɪʤɪtəl economy”*”. ˈmɛdvəˌdɛv strɛst ðət tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪz ɔˈrɛdi juzd baɪ ˈmeɪʤər bæŋks ənd ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃənz. hi kɔld "ə ˈspɛʃəl tɛkˈnɑləʤi". hi ˈɔlsoʊ riˈmaɪndɪd ðət ɪt ɪkˈskludz ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ˌɪnərˈmidiˌɛriz waɪl ðə ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti əv ðə trænˈzækʃənz ɪz kənˈfərmd baɪ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk pɑrˈtɪsəpənts ðɛmˈsɛlvz.
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mar 07, 2017 at 12:24 // news
nina lyon author
dmitry medvedev, prime minister of russia, who is also an ex-president of the russian federation, instructed authorities to adopt blockchain technology in the russian economy.
at the meeting with vice premieres on march 6, dmitry medvedev officially requested ministries to find opportunities to use the advantages of blockchain technology in public administration.
he stated in his opening speech :
"i ask to consider the possibility of using blockchain technology in the system of public administration and the economy of the russian federation".
according to the prime minister, it is necessary to understand the way this technology can match with the russian system of government and economy, as well as whether it can help to get rid of unnecessary bureaucratization in business.
according to a report from bits.media, the government's comprehensive plan of action for the period until 2025 includes the development of a smart economy and, in particular, the introduction of various digital technologies, including blockchain.
dmitry medvedev instructed ministries and interested federal executive bodies to prepare the draft of the "digital economy" program. he said:
"since there is no centralized storage of information and it is separated into blocks, it is impossible to rewrite existing information without being noticed. therefore, it is believed that it can help to get rid of unnecessary bureaucratization of business. i gave instructions to the ministry of communications and the ministry of economic development to consider the possibility of using these technologies in preparing the program "digital economy”.
dmitry medvedev stressed that blockchain technology is already used by major banks and corporations. he called blockchain "a special technology". he also reminded that it excludes the presence of intermediaries while the authenticity of the transactions is confirmed by the network participants themselves.
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ˈmidiə ˈpleɪˌbæk ɪz ənsəˈpɔrtɪd ɔn jʊr dɪˈvaɪs ˈmidiə ˈkæpʃən ˈdeɪˌlaɪt rɪˈvild ðə ˈæftərˌmæθ əv ðə ˌkæmˈboʊdiə stæmˈpid æt list 345 ˈpipəl hæv bɪn kɪld ɪn ə stæmˈpid ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈfɛstɪvəl ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃənz ɪn ðə ˌkæmˈboʊdiən ˈkæpɪtəl, pəˈnɑm pɛn, praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər hən sɛn həz sɛd. juʤ kraʊdz hæd ˈgæðərd ɔn ə smɔl ˈaɪlənd fər ðə ˈfaɪnəl deɪ əv ðə ˈwɔtər ˈfɛstɪvəl, wən əv ðə meɪn ɪˈvɛnts əv ðə jɪr ɪn ˌkæmˈboʊdiə. ðə stæmˈpid tʊk pleɪs ɔn ə brɪʤ, wɪʧ ˈaɪˌwɪtnəsɪz sɛd hæd bɪˈkəm ˈoʊvərˌkraʊdɪd. ˈhənərdz mɔr ˈpipəl wər ˈɪnʤərd ɪn ðə krəʃ. hən sɛn dɪˈskraɪbd ðə stæmˈpid ɛz ðə "ˈbɪgəst ˈtræʤədi" tɪ hɪt ˌkæmˈboʊdiə sɪns ðə mæs ˈkɪlɪŋz ˈkɛrid aʊt baɪ ðə kmɛr ruʒ rəˈʒim ɪn ðə 1970s*. hi sɛd hi hæd ˈɔrdərd ən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ənd dɪˈklɛrd ə ˈnæʃənəl deɪ əv ˈmɔrnɪŋ fər ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə wik. hi ˈɔrdərd ɔl ˈgəvərnmənt ˈmɪnɪstriz tɪ flaɪ ðə ˈneɪʃənz flæg æt half-mast*. ˈgəvərnmənt ˈspoʊksmən toʊld nuz ˈeɪʤənsi ðət mɔr ðən 400 ˈpipəl hæd bɪn ˈɪnʤərd. "moʊst əv ðə dɛθs wər ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ˌsəfəˈkeɪʃən ənd ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈɪnʤəriz," hi sɛd. əˈθɔrətiz hæd ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd ðət mɔr ðən tu ˈmɪljən ˈpipəl wʊd əˈtɛnd ðə ˈfɛstɪvəl. ˈpænɪk broʊk aʊt ˈæftər ə ˈkɑnsərt ɔn ˈdaɪmənd ˈaɪlənd, wɪʧ ˈfɑloʊd ə boʊt reɪs ɔn ðə sæp ˈrɪvər rɪˈgɑrdɪd ɛz ə ˈhaɪˌlaɪt əv ðə fɛˈstɪvətiz. ʃɔn ngu*, ən ɔˈstreɪljən hu wɑz ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ˈfæməli ənd frɛndz ɪn ˌkæmˈboʊdiə, toʊld ðə ˌbibiˈsi tu ˈmɛni ˈpipəl hæd bɪn ɔn ðə brɪʤ. hi sɛd səm əv ðə ˈvɪktɪmz wər ˌɪˈlɛktrəˌkjutɪd. "ðɛr wər tu ˈmɛni ˈpipəl ɔn ðə brɪʤ ənd ðɛn boʊθ ɛndz wər ˈpʊʃɪŋ," hi sɛd. "ðɪs kɔzd ə ˈsədən ˈpænɪk. ðə ˈpʊʃɪŋ kɔzd ðoʊz ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl tɪ fɔl tɪ ðə graʊnd, ðɛn [gɪt] krəʃt. "ˈpænɪk ˈstɑrtɪd ənd æt list 50 ˈpipəl ʤəmpt ɪn ðə ˈrɪvər. ˈpipəl traɪd tɪ klaɪm ɔn tɪ ðə brɪʤ, ˈgræbɪŋ ənd ˈpʊlɪŋ [ɪˈlɛktrɪk] ˈkeɪbəlz wɪʧ keɪm lus ənd ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ʃɑk kɔzd mɔr dɛθs." ˈwɪtnəsɪz spoʊk əv ˈbɑdiz ˈlɪtərɪŋ ðə ˈɛriə. ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, pəˈnɑm pɛnz meɪn ˈmɛdɪkəl fəˈsɪlɪti, wɑz fɪld wɪθ dɛd ˈbɑdiz ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈɪnʤərd, səm əv hum hæd tɪ bi ˈtritɪd ɪn ˈhɔlˌweɪz.
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media playback is unsupported on your device media caption daylight revealed the aftermath of the cambodia stampede
at least 345 people have been killed in a stampede during festival celebrations in the cambodian capital, phnom penh, prime minister hun sen has said.
huge crowds had gathered on a small island for the final day of the water festival, one of the main events of the year in cambodia.
the stampede took place on a bridge, which eyewitnesses said had become overcrowded.
hundreds more people were injured in the crush.
hun sen described the stampede as the "biggest tragedy" to hit cambodia since the mass killings carried out by the khmer rouge regime in the 1970s.
he said he had ordered an investigation and declared a national day of mourning for later in the week. he ordered all government ministries to fly the nation's flag at half-mast.
government spokesman khieu kanharith told afp news agency that more than 400 people had been injured.
"most of the deaths were as a result of suffocation and internal injuries," he said.
authorities had estimated that more than two million people would attend the three-day festival.
panic broke out after a concert on diamond island, which followed a boat race on the tonle sap river regarded as a highlight of the festivities.
sean ngu, an australian who was visiting family and friends in cambodia, told the bbc too many people had been on the bridge.
he said some of the victims were electrocuted.
"there were too many people on the bridge and then both ends were pushing," he said.
"this caused a sudden panic. the pushing caused those in the middle to fall to the ground, then [get] crushed.
"panic started and at least 50 people jumped in the river. people tried to climb on to the bridge, grabbing and pulling [electric] cables which came loose and electrical shock caused more deaths."
witnesses spoke of bodies littering the area.
calmette hospital, phnom penh's main medical facility, was filled with dead bodies as well as the injured, some of whom had to be treated in hallways.
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ˈændi smɪθ wɑz ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ənd ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər fər ðə æˈtlæntə ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɛr taɪm ɪn ðə nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsɑkər lig. hi wɪl naʊ lɛd ɔl ˈsɑkər ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ɛz ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər əv ˈrinoʊ 1868, ə nu juˈnaɪtɪd ˈsɑkər lig kləb ðət wɪl bi əˈfɪliˌeɪtɪd wɪθ ˈmeɪʤər lig sæn ˌhoʊˈzeɪ ˈərθkˌweɪks. ɪn ə prɛs riˈlis, smɪθ sɛd: ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ ʤɔɪn ˈrinoʊ 1868 ɛz ðə kləb kənˈtɪnjuz ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃənz fər ɪts ˌɪˈnɔgərəl ˈsizən. ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən həz meɪd greɪt straɪdz sɪns ðə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ ˈrinoʊ læst sɛpˈtɛmbər, ənd wi ər tɪ muv ˈfɔrwərd fər ə səkˈsɛsfəl 2017 campaign.”*.” wɪθ hɪz muv tɪ ðə, ˈdərti saʊθ ˈsɑkər æst smɪθ əˈbaʊt ðə fˈjuʧər ˈaʊˌtlʊk əv ðə lig ənd wɛr ɪt fɪts ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsɑkər ˈlænˌskeɪp. hi sɛd: θɪŋk ðə həz dən ə greɪt ʤɑb ɪn ðə pæst fju jɪrz pəˈzɪʃənɪŋ ˌɪtˈsɛlf dɪˈrɛkli ˈəndər, wɪʧ həz kriˈeɪtɪd trɪˈmɛndəs groʊθ wɪθ ˈfrænˌʧaɪzɪz ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈəðər ˈmɑrkɪts ˈwɑnɪŋ tɪ bi ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɛz ən əˈfɪliˌeɪt tim ər wɪθ ˌæspərˈeɪʃənz əv bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə fˈjuʧər ˈfrænˌʧaɪz. ðə wɪl ˈdɛfənətli bɪˈkəm ə dɪˈvɪʒən lig ənd beɪst ɔn haʊ kˈwɪkli ɪt ɪz groʊɪŋ, kʊd gɪt tɪ ə pɔɪnt wɛr ɪt kʊd splɪt ˈɪntu ə ənd dɪˈvɪʒən ənd kriˈeɪt pərˈmoʊʃən ənd bɪtˈwin ðə tu. ðət wʊd bi ˈvɛri kul ənd ˈsəmθɪŋ fænz wʊd love.”*.” wən nɪʧ ðət wi ɪkˈsplɔrd ˈərliər ðɪs wik ɪz ðə roʊl əv timz ɪn pleɪər dɪˈvɛləpmənt. wi æst smɪθ əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ðə lig ɪn dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ pleɪərz ɪn ðə juz. ənd hɪz riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ. θɪŋk ðə wɪl bi ɪkˈstrimli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɪn ðə ˈfərðər dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv pleɪərz ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs. əˈspɛʃəli wɪθ timz laɪk ˈrinoʊ ənd ˈfrænˌʧaɪzɪz hu ər ˈfʊli ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd wɪθ ən ˈfrænˌʧaɪz. wən əv ðə goʊlz ɪz tɪ faɪnd ˈjəŋgər pleɪərz hu ər nɑt kwaɪt ˈrɛdi fər ənd ər ə rɑ ˈprɑdəkt ðət nid taɪm ɪn ə prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈætməsˌfɪr tɪ groʊ ənd gɪt ˈrɛdi fər ðə ʤəmp. nɑt ɔl pleɪərz wɪl fɪt ðət moʊld, bət ˈsərtənli ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pis tɪ ðə puzzle.”*.” ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz taɪm ɪn æˈtlæntə, smɪθ sɔ ə greɪt dil əv ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ðə æˈtlæntə ˈsɑkər ˈlænˌskeɪp ɛz æˈtlæntə juˈnaɪtɪd keɪm ˈɪntu fruˈɪʃən. wi æst ɪm əˈbaʊt wət hi siz ðə fˈjuʧər əv æˈtlæntə ˈsɑkər ˈlʊkɪŋ laɪk ənd haʊ ɪt həz ʧeɪnʤd sɪns hi keɪm tɪ ðə ˈsɪti. hi sɛd: fˈjuʧər ɪn æˈtlæntə ɪz. greɪt tɪ si fænz səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈsɑkər æt səʧ ə haɪ ˈlɛvəl ðɛr naʊ ənd æˈtlæntə juˈnaɪtɪd ɪz duɪŋ ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ʤɑb. wɪn aɪ keɪm tɪ æˈtlæntə ɪn 2012 ɪt wɑz nɑt ɪn ə greɪt pleɪs, bət laɪk tɪ θɪŋk wi hæd ə smɔl pɑrt ɪn ˈhɛlpɪŋ tɪ bɪld ðə ˈsɑkər kəmˈjunɪti θru ðə ənd ðə greɪt ɪˈvɛnts ənd sɛl aʊts wi ˈhoʊstɪd ðə pæst fju jɪrz. praʊd əv ˈhɛlpɪŋ tɪ bi ə pɑrt əv ðət groʊθ, bət wət æˈtlæntə juˈnaɪtɪd ɪz duɪŋ naʊ ɪz ʤɪst ɔn əˈnəðər ˈlɛvəl. ðeɪ hæv ril ˈməni səˈpɔrtɪŋ ðɛr ˈɛfərts ənd ðə ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ˈlɛvəl ɪz ˈmæsɪv ənd æˈtlæntə dɪˈzərvz that.”*.” wɪθ hɪz muv tɪ ˈrinoʊ, wi æst smɪθ wət səm əv hɪz ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈmɛməriz wər əv hɪz taɪm hir.
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andy smith was the president and general manager for the atlanta silverbacks during their time in the north american soccer league. he will now lead all soccer operations as the general manager of reno 1868 fc, a new united soccer league club that will be affiliated with major league soccer’s san jose earthquakes.
in a press release, smith said:
“i’m excited to join reno 1868 fc as the club continues preparations for its inaugural season. the organization has made great strides since the franchise was awarded to reno last september, and we are well-positioned to move forward for a successful 2017 campaign.”
with his move to the usl, dirty south soccer asked smith about the future outlook of the league and where it fits in the american soccer landscape. he said:
“i think the usl has done a great job in the past few years positioning itself directly under mls, which has created tremendous growth with mls2 franchises as well as other markets wanting to be involved as an affiliate team or with aspirations of becoming a future mls franchise. the usl will definitely become a 2nd division league and based on how quickly it is growing, could get to a point where it could split into a 2nd and 3rd division and create promotion and relegation between the two. that would be very cool and something fans would love.”
one niche that we explored earlier this week is the role of usl teams in player development. we asked smith about the importance of the league in developing players in the u.s. and his club’s relationship with mls.
“i think the usl will be extremely important in the further development of players in the us. especially with teams like reno and mls2 franchises who are fully integrated with an mls franchise. one of the goals is to find younger players who are not quite ready for mls and are a raw product that need time in a professional atmosphere to grow and get ready for the jump. not all players will fit that mold, but it’s certainly an important piece to the puzzle.”
during his time in atlanta, smith saw a great deal of changes in the atlanta soccer landscape as atlanta united came into fruition. we asked him about what he sees the future of atlanta soccer looking like and how it has changed since he came to the city. he said:
“the future in atlanta is mls. it’s great to see fans supporting soccer at such a high level there now and atlanta united is doing an incredible job. when i came to atlanta in 2012, it was not in a great place, but i’d like to think we had a small part in helping to build the soccer community through the silverbacks and the great events and sell outs we hosted the past few years. i’m proud of helping to be a part of that growth, but what atlanta united is doing now is just on another level. they have real money supporting their efforts and the investment level is massive and atlanta deserves that.”
with his move to reno, we asked smith what some of his favorite memories were of his time here.
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ˈkərklənd, wɑʃ. pəˈlis ər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə ˈhɪtænˌrən ˈdraɪvər hu strək ə ˈbaɪˌsɪklɪst ɪn ə ˈkərklənd ˈpɑrkɪŋ lɔt ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ ðɛn droʊv ɔf, ɪˈludɪŋ ə ˈwɪtnəs hu ʧeɪst ˈæftər ɪm ɪn əˈnəðər ˈviɪkəl. ðə ˈɪnsədənt ənˈfoʊldəd æt əraʊnd 8 a.m*. ɪn ðə ˈpɑrkɪŋ lɔt əv ðə ˈævəˌlɑn əˈpɑrtmənts, nɪr ðə 5800 blɑk əv ˈleɪkvˌju draɪv baɪ ˈkɛrəˌlɑn pɔɪnt, sɛd lt*. maɪk ˈməri əv ðə ˈkərklənd pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt ə ˈviɪkəl strək ðə ˈbaɪsɪkəl ðɛn kɛpt goʊɪŋ, ˈlivɪŋ ðə ˈɪnʤərd ˈbaɪˌsɪklɪst laɪɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈpeɪvmənt. ə ˈwɪtnəs, ə kənˈstrəkʃən ˈwərkər æt ə ˈnɪrˈbaɪ saɪt, əˈtɛmptəd tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ðə səˈspɛkts ˈviɪkəl bət ðə ˈdraɪvər ɪˈludɪd ɪm, ˈməri sɛd. ðə ˈsəˌspɛkt wɑz dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz ə waɪt meɪl ˈdraɪvɪŋ ə ˈsɪlvər ˈmɑdəl əv ə ˈsubəru ˈaʊtˌbæk ˈwægən wɪθ ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈlaɪsəns pleɪt ðət bɪˈgæn wɪθ "ə". ðə ˈbaɪˌsɪklɪst wɑz ˈteɪkən tɪ ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsɛnər ɪn siˈætəl. noʊ ˈəðər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wɑz əˈveɪləbəl əˈbaʊt ðə ˈbaɪˌsɪklɪst ər hɪz ər hər ˈɪnʤəriz. ˈɛniˌwən hu ˈwɪtnəst ðə ˈɪnsədənt ər həz ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ɪt ɪz ərʤd tɪ kɔl ðə ˈkərklənd pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt kraɪm tɪp laɪn æt ər ˈkɑnˌtækt lt*. ˈməri æt
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kirkland, wash. - police are looking for a hit-and-run driver who struck a bicyclist in a kirkland parking lot friday morning then drove off, eluding a witness who chased after him in another vehicle.
the incident unfolded at around 8 a.m. in the parking lot of the avalon apartments, near the 5800 block of lakeview drive by carillon point, said lt. mike murray of the kirkland police department
a vehicle struck the bicycle then kept going, leaving the injured bicyclist lying on the pavement.
a witness, a construction worker at a nearby site, attempted to follow the suspect's vehicle but the driver eluded him, murray said.
the suspect was described as a white male driving a silver 1995-2000 model of a subaru outback wagon with washington license plate that began with "a".
the bicyclist was taken to harborview medical center in seattle. no other information was available about the bicyclist or his or her injuries.
anyone who witnessed the incident or has information about it is urged to call the kirkland police department crime tip line at 425-587-3515 or contact lt. murray at
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ˈkrɪsməs deɪ əv 1066 ˈəʃərd ɪn ə nu ˈɪrə fər ˈləndən. ɪt wɑz ɔn ðət deɪ ðət ˈwɪljəm əv ˈnɔrməndi wɑz kraʊnd kɪŋ ˈwɪljəm aɪ ənd ðə mɪˈdjivəl ˈpɪriəd ˈtruli bɪˈgæn fər ðə ˈsɪti. ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər hɪz ˌkɔrəˈneɪʃən, ˈwɪljəm bɪˈgæn kənˈstrəkʃən əv ðə taʊər əv ˈləndən, ʤɪst ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈsɪti əv ˈləndən, tɪ hɛlp kənˈsɑlɪˌdeɪt hɪz paʊər. æt ðə taɪm, ɪt wɑz ðə ˈtɔlɪst ˈstrəkʧər ɪn ˈləndən, mɛnt tɪ lɔrd ˈoʊvər ðə ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts tɪ riˈmaɪnd ðɛm hu ðɛr nu ˈlidər wɑz. dɪˈsɛnɪnts ɪkˈspændɪd ðə taʊər ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈrɛzɪdəns əv ðə ˈmɑnɑrki ɛz ðə kɪŋz bɪˈkeɪm mɔr ˈɪŋlɪʃ ðən ˈnɔrmən. sən, ˈwɪljəm ii*, bɪˈgæn ˌwɛstˈmɪnstər hɔl ɪn 1097 wɪʧ hæd ðə ˈifɛkt əv ˈfərðər səˈlɪdəˌfaɪɪŋ ˈləndən ɛz ðə ˈkæpɪtəl əv ˈɪŋglənd. praɪər tɪ ðɪs, ðə hɑrt əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl paʊər wɑz wɛˈrɛvər ðə kɪŋ hɛld kɔrt, bət ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ əv ðə hɔl wɑz ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə ˈpæləs əv ˌwɛstˈmɪnstər ənd ðə ˌsɛntrəlɪˈzeɪʃən əv ðət paʊər ɪn wən loʊˈkeɪʃən. waɪl kɪŋz stɪl juzd ðə taʊər əv ˈləndən, ðə ˈpæləs əv ˌwɛstˈmɪnstər bɪˈkeɪm ðɛr hoʊm ənd ðə ˈsɪti əv ˈləndən bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈsɛnər, waɪl ˌwɛstˈmɪnstər bɪˈkeɪm ðə sit əv ˈgəvərnmənt. əv kɔrs, bɪtˈwin ðə taʊər ənd ðə ˈpæləs wɑz wɛr moʊst əv ðə ˈpipəl lɪvd ənd ɛz ðiz pəˈlɪtɪkəl ənd ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃənz fɔrmd, mɔr ˈpipəl flɑkt tɪ ðə ˈsɪti. wət wɑz wəns ə ˈpɑpjələs əv ˈpipəl æt ðə ɛnd əv ˈroʊmən taɪmz bɪˈkeɪm ə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən əv baɪ ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ənd baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðə mɪˈdjivəl ˈpɪriəd. ˈhaʊsɪz wər ˈmoʊstli meɪd əv wʊd wɪθ θæʧt rufs ənd ɛz ðə ˈsɪti bɪˈkeɪm mɔr pækt, ðə hoʊmz gru frəm wən tɪ θri ˈstɔriz, wɪθ ˈəpər ˈlɛvəlz ˈɔfən ˈriʧɪŋ aʊt ˈoʊvər ðə strits. wɛlθ ˈsərtənli hæd ɪts ˈifɛkt ɔn ðə lɪvz əv ðə ˈpipəl əv ˈləndən. hoʊmz əv ðə pur ər ˈmɪdəl klæs wər mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi ˈwʊdən, waɪl ðə ˈwɛlθi kʊd əˈfɔrd tɪ bɪld wɪθ stoʊn. ˈhævɪŋ ə treɪd wɑz ˌæbsəˈlutli ˈvaɪtəl tɪ ˈfaɪndɪŋ wərk ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈlɪvɪŋ, wɪʧ rikˈwaɪərd ðə ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ əv ˈɛni ˈnəmbər əv ðə gɪld hɔlz wɪʧ ˈhændəld ˈɛvəri skɪld pəˈzɪʃən frəm ˈkɑrpəntərz tɪ fishmongers*. jəŋ mɛn ˈʤɛnərəli ˈstɑrtɪd ɛz əˈprɛntəsɪz æt ðə eɪʤ əv 12 wɪθ ðɛr ˈpɛrənts ˈsaɪnɪŋ ðɛm ˈoʊvər tɪ ə ˈmæstər hu wʊd kɛr fər, əˈprɛntɪs, ənd treɪn ɪm. ðə mɔr səkˈsɛsfəl wən wɑz æt hɪz treɪd, ðə mɔr hi kʊd bi ˌgɛrənˈtid tɪ bi əˈməŋ ðə ˈwɛlθiər ˈsɪtɪzənz. ˈmɑnəˌtɛri wɛlθ ðə ˈoʊnli kənˈsərn ɪn ˈləndən ənd ɛz ðə oʊld seɪɪŋ goʊz, teɪk ɪt wɪθ you.”*.” rɪˈlɪʤən, spəˈsɪfɪkli ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti, pleɪd ə ˈmeɪʤər roʊl ɪn ðə ˈdeɪli lɪvz əv ˈsɪtɪzənz ənd lɛft ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ðə ˈlænˌskeɪp. waɪl ə ʧərʧ hæd stʊd ɔn ðə saɪt əv st*. kəˈθidrəl sɪns ðə ˈsɛnʧəri, wɪθ ðə ˈkəmɪŋ əv ðə normans*, wərk bɪˈgæn ɔn ə nu ˈbɪldɪŋ, naʊ noʊn ɛz st*. paul’s”*” ˈæftər ə faɪər dɪˈstrɔɪd ðə ˈpriviəs ʧərʧ ɪn 1087 ˈdʊrɪŋ məʧ əv ðə mɪˈdjivəl ˈpɪriəd, ɪt wɑz ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˈstrəkʧər ɪn ˈləndən. mɔr, ˈnɪrli ˈɛvəri ʤɑb rikˈwaɪərɪŋ haɪər ˈlərnɪŋ wɑz rən baɪ ðə ʧərʧ, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ skulz ənd ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz. wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ self-governance*, ɪt wɑz ˈhɛnri aɪ ðət geɪv ˈləndən ɪts fərst ˈʧɑrtər ðət ɪˈstæblɪʃt ðə ˈligəl ˈsɪstəm, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə ˈʃɛrɪf ənd ʤəʤ səˈlɛktɪd frəm əˈməŋ ðə ˈpipəl (ˈɔlsoʊ noʊn ɛz ðə ˈlɪbərˌti əv ðə ˈsɪti), ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ˈləndən ɛz ɪts oʊn ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈɛntɪti. ˈrɪʧərd aɪ, great-grandson*, wɛnt ə stɛp ˈfərðər baɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤɪŋ raɪt tɪ ˈsɛlfˈgəvərn ɪn 1191 ənd ˈoʊvərˌsiɪŋ ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən əv ɪts fərst meɪər ənd ˈɔldərmɪn ɪn 1192 ˌhaʊˈɛvər, dɪˈspaɪt ðɪs stəˈbɪlɪti, biɪŋ ə ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪti ˈɔlˌweɪz min ðət laɪf wɑz kɑm ənd ˈpisfəl. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst barons’*’ wɔr, luɪs əv fræns keɪm tɪ ˈləndən ənd wɑz heɪld ɛz ðə nu kɪŋ ɪn dɪˈfaɪəns əv kɪŋ ʤɑn, ðət ɪz, ənˈtɪl dɛθ, æt wɪʧ pɔɪnt ðə ˈbɛrənz swɪʧt ðɛr ˈlɔɪəltiz tɪ hɪz sən, kɪŋ ˈhɛnri. ˈoʊvər wən ˈhənərd jɪrz ˈleɪtər, ðə peasants’*’ rɪˈvoʊlt əv 1381 ðə ˈrɛbəlz ˌɪnˈveɪdɪd ðə ˈsɪti əv ˈləndən ənd tʊk kənˈtroʊl əv ðə taʊər əv ˈləndən, ˈɛksəˌkjutɪŋ ˈsɛvərəl ˈprɑmənənt ˈlidərz, bərnd ˈbɪldɪŋz, ənd ˈlutɪd məʧ əv ðə ˈsɪti. ˈleɪtər ɔn, ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə wɔr əv ðə ˈroʊzɪz, ðə ˈsɪti sɔ ˌɪtˈsɛlf tɔrn bɪtˈwin ðə jɔrks ənd ðə ənˈtɪl ˈhɛnri ˈtudər dɪˈfitɪd kɪŋ ˈrɪʧərd æt ðə ˈbætəl əv ˈbɔzwərθ fild ənd bɪˈkeɪm kɪŋ ˈhɛnri vii*, bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ðə ˈtudər ˈdaɪnəsti ənd ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðə mɪˈdjivəl ˈpɪriəd tɪ ə kloʊz.
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christmas day of 1066 ushered in a new era for london. it was on that day that william of normandy was crowned king william i and the medieval period truly began for the city. shortly after his coronation, william began construction of the tower of london, just outside the city of london, to help consolidate his power. at the time, it was the tallest structure in london, meant to lord over the city’s inhabitants to remind them who their new leader was. william’s descendants expanded the tower and eventually became the residence of the monarchy as the kings became more english than norman.
william’s son, william ii, began westminster hall in 1097, which had the effect of further solidifying london as the capital of england. prior to this, the heart of political power was wherever the king held court, but the building of the hall was the beginning of the palace of westminster and the centralization of that power in one location. while kings still used the tower of london, the palace of westminster became their home and the city of london became the economic center, while westminster became the seat of government.
of course, between the tower and the palace was where most of the people lived and as these political and economic concentrations formed, more people flocked to the city. what was once a populace of 8,000 people at the end of roman times became a population of 18,000 by the 12th century and 120,000 by the end of the medieval period. houses were mostly made of wood with thatched roofs and as the city became more packed, the homes grew from one to three stories, with upper levels often reaching out over the streets.
wealth certainly had its effect on the lives of the people of london. homes of the poor or middle class were more likely to be wooden, while the wealthy could afford to build with stone. having a trade was absolutely vital to finding work and making a living, which required the joining of any number of the city’s guild halls which handled every skilled position from carpenters to fishmongers. young men generally started as apprentices at the age of 12 with their parents signing them over to a master who would care for, apprentice, and train him. the more successful one was at his trade, the more he could be guaranteed to be among the city’s wealthier citizens.
monetary wealth the only concern in london and as the old saying goes, “you can’t take it with you.” religion, specifically christianity, played a major role in the daily lives of citizens and left a significant impact on the landscape. while a church had stood on the site of st. paul’s cathedral since the 7th century, with the coming of the normans, work began on a new building, now known as “old st. paul’s” after a fire destroyed the previous church in 1087. during much of the medieval period, it was the largest structure in london. what’s more, nearly every job requiring higher learning was run by the church, including schools and hospitals.
when it comes to self-governance, it was henry i that gave london its first charter that established the city’s legal system, including a sheriff and judge selected from among the people (also known as the liberty of the city), establishing london as its own separate entity. richard i, henry’s great-grandson, went a step further by acknowledging london’s right to self-govern in 1191 and overseeing the election of its first mayor and aldermen in 1192.
however, despite this stability, being a capital city didn’t always mean that life was calm and peaceful. during the first barons’ war, louis viii of france came to london and was hailed as the new king in defiance of king john, that is, until john’s death, at which point the barons switched their loyalties to his son, king henry iii. over one hundred years later, the peasants’ revolt of 1381, the rebels invaded the city of london and took control of the tower of london, executing several prominent leaders, burned buildings, and looted much of the city. later on, during the war of the roses, the city saw itself torn between the yorks and the lancasters until henry tudor defeated king richard iii at the battle of bosworth field and became king henry vii, beginning the tudor dynasty and bringing the medieval period to a close.
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steins* geɪt ˈvaɪtə ənd ˈkəmɪŋ 2015 soʊ tərnz aʊt aɪ wɑz raɪt. nɑt ˈivɪn goʊɪŋ tɪ feɪn səˈpraɪz naʊ geɪt ˈvaɪtə ənd ər ˈkəmɪŋ 2015 ə ˈkəpəl əv wiks əˈgoʊ əˈnərθt səm kəmˈpɛlɪŋ ˈɛvədəns ðət wər goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈbrɪŋɪŋ tɪ kənˈsoʊlz, ˌɔlˈðoʊ aɪ kwaɪt ʃʊr wɪʧ kənˈsoʊlz ɪt wʊd bi ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ. ðɪs ˈivnɪŋ gɑt ɪn təʧ wɪθ ðɛr əˈfɪʃəl əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ənd waɪl ɪt goʊ ˈɪntu ˈditeɪl ɪt kənˈfərmz ðət ðə ˈɔsəm ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈhæpənɪŋ. ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt bɪt əv ðɛr riˈlis bɪˈloʊ; ˈmeɪʤɪz., 5pb*. ənd saɪəns ədˈvɛnʧər ˈkrɪtɪkəli əˈkleɪmd wɪl bi ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ˈpleɪˌsteɪʃən 3 ənd ˈpleɪˌsteɪʃən ˈvaɪtə ˈsɪstəmz ɪn 2015 fər boʊθ ˈjʊrəp ənd nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. aɪ ʃʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli riˈɪtərˌeɪt ɛz ðə prɛs riˈlis dɪz ðət ˈrɪli ɪz ə rɪˈmɑrkəbəl pis əv wərk. ə ˈvɪʒəwəl ˈnɑvəl əv kɔrs ənd wɪθ ðət ˈɔlˌweɪz kəmz ə ˈlɪtəl frəm soʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl, bət ˈhɑrtənɪŋ tɪ si ðət ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ wɪθ ðə laɪks əv danganronpa*. ˈfɑloʊz ðə ˈɛkˌsplɔɪts əv ə grup əv frɛndz hu faɪnd ə weɪ tɪ sɛnd tɛkst ˈmɛsɪʤɪz ˈɪntu ðə pæst ənd ðɛn hæv tɪ dil wɪθ ðə ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv ðɛr ˈmɛdəlɪŋ. ɪf wən əv ðə ˈmɛni hu hæv ˈrisəntli ˈstɑrtɪd ˈrɛdɪŋ stəf laɪk ˈvərʧuz læst rɪˈwɔrd ər danganronpa*, ðɛn bi plizd tɪ noʊ ðət ɪz ən ˈɔrdər əv ˈmægnəˌtud ˈbɛtər ðən boʊθ ðoʊz ˈtaɪtəlz ənd, ˈfræŋkli, ðə ˈfaɪnəst ˈvɪʒəwəl noʊɛl ˈɛvər rɛd. aɪ, fər wən, æm ˈmæsɪvli haɪpt ðət ðɪs ɪz ˈkəmɪŋ. ˈɔlsoʊ, ˈnoʊtɪst ðət raɪs ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈkərəntli hæv ðɪs ˈlɪstɪd ˈɔnˌlaɪn fər ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃən wɪʧ səˈʤɛsts tɪ mi ðət ðɪs wɪl bi ˈgɪtɪŋ ə ˈfɪzɪkəl riˈlis? ˈgɛsɪŋ ˈmænɪʤmənt noʊ ˈsəmθɪŋ aɪ don’t*? ɪf ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ə ˈfɪzɪkəl riˈlis ðɛn maɪ ɔn ðiz geɪt ˈvaɪtə ənd ˈlɪstɪŋz biɪŋ wɛr faɪnd aʊt fərst. ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfɑloʊ ðə nuz fər ˈoʊvər ɔn ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ hir, tu. ˈɔlsoʊ, ˈpəblɪʃər tˈwɪtər naʊ əˈveɪləbəl! ðə ɛl ɪˈdɪʃən əv ɪz ɪkˈsklusɪv tɪ raɪs ˈdɪʤɪtəl. ˈɔrdər ɪt hir!
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steins gate ps vita and ps3 coming 2015
so turns out i was right. i’m not even going to feign surprise now – steins gate ps vita and ps3 are coming 2015. a couple of weeks ago i’d unearthed some compelling evidence that pqube were going to be bringing steins;gate to consoles, although i wasn’t quite sure which consoles it would be coming to. this evening pqube got in touch with their official announcement – and while it go into detail it confirms that the awesome is actually happening.
here’s the important bit of their release below;
mages., 5pb. and science adventure team’s critically acclaimed steins;gate will be coming to playstation 3 and playstation vita systems in 2015, for both europe and north america.
i should probably reiterate – as the press release does – that steins;gate really is a remarkable piece of work. a visual novel of course – and with that always comes a little scepticism from so many people, but heartening to see that changing with the likes of danganronpa.
steins;gate follows the exploits of a group of friends who find a way to send text messages into the past – and then have to deal with the consequences of their meddling. if you’re one of the many who have recently started reading stuff like virtues last reward or danganronpa, then you’ll be pleased to know that steins;gate is an order of magnitude better than both those titles and, frankly, the finest visual noel i’ve ever read. i, for one, am massively hyped that this is coming.
also, i’ve noticed that rice digital currently have this listed online for notification – which suggests to me that this will be getting a physical release? i’m guessing rice’s management know something i don’t? if you’re interested in a physical release – then my money’s on these steins gate ps vita and ps3 listings being where you’ll find out first.
you can also follow the news for steins;gate over on the official facebook page here, too.
also, publisher pqube’s twitter – @pqubegames
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it’s now available! the el psy kongroo edition of steins;gate is exclusive to rice digital. order it here!
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ðɪs ˈstɔri əˈpɪrz ɪn ðə sɛpˈtɛmbər 2017 ˈɪʃu əv ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk ˈmægəˌzin. ˌbiˈfɔr, ɪt wɑz ˌɪnkənˈsivəbəl: ˌbaɪoʊˈmɛdɪkəl ˈtɛstɪŋ ɔn ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈjumən ˈɔrgənz. bət nu ““organs-on-chips”*” tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪz ˈɛmjəˌleɪtɪŋ ðə ˈlɪvər, breɪn, ləŋz, ˌɪnˈtɛstənz, ənd mɔr ɔn ə ʧɪp ðə saɪz əv ə stɪk. ənˈtɪl naʊ ˈsaɪəntɪsts kənˈdəktəd moʊst ˌbaɪoʊˈmɛdɪkəl ˈrisərʧ θru ˈænəməl ˈɔfən trænzˈleɪt tɪ ɪn ə ˈpɛtri dɪʃ, ə ˈstætɪk ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ðət lɛt sɛlz bɪˈheɪv ɛz ɪf ðeɪ ər ɪn ðə ˈjumən ˈbɑdi. ðə kənˈsɪsts əv trænˈspɛrənt ˈʧænəlz laɪnd wɪθ ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈlɪvɪŋ sɛlz ənd pəmpt wɪθ ˈlɪkwɪd kənˈteɪnɪŋ ˈnutriənts, ər bləd, ɔl ˌɪnərˈæktɪŋ ʤɪst ɛz ðeɪ wʊd ɪn ðə ˈbɑdi. ə əˈweɪ frəm hoʊm, ə ˈwɪndoʊ ˈɪntu ˈjumən biology,”*,” sɪz ʤɛrəlˈdin ə. ˈhæməltən, ʧif ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈɔfɪsər əv dɪˈvɛləpər ˈɛmjəˌleɪt, ɪŋk. ðə ʧɪps hæv bɪn juzd tɪ tɛst drugs’*’ ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ˈɔrgənz ənd tɪ ˈrɛplɪˌkeɪt dɪˈzizɪz laɪk ˈæzmə. ðə nɛkst frənˈtɪr: ˈkəstəm ʧɪps ðət ˈɪməˌteɪt ə juˈnik biology—or*, ɛz ˈhæməltən pʊts ɪt, ɔn ə chip.”*.”
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this story appears in the september 2017 issue of national geographic magazine.
before, it was inconceivable: risk-free biomedical testing on living human organs. but new “organs-on-chips” technology is emulating the liver, brain, lungs, intestines, and more on a chip the size of a usb stick. until now scientists conducted most biomedical research through animal testing—which often doesn’t translate to humans—or in a petri dish, a static environment that doesn’t let cells behave as if they are in the human body.
the organ-chip consists of transparent channels lined with thousands of living cells and pumped with liquid containing nutrients, or blood, all interacting just as they would in the body. it’s a “home away from home, a window into human biology,” says geraldine a. hamilton, chief scientific officer of organ-chip developer emulate, inc. the chips have been used to test drugs’ impact on organs and to replicate diseases like asthma.
the next frontier: custom chips that imitate a person’s unique biology—or, as hamilton puts it, “you on a chip.”
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lieutenant-colonel* ˈvɪviən, ao*, mbe*, arrc*, ɛd, 18 dɪˈsɛmbər 1915 3 ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2000 wɑz ən ɔˈstreɪljən ˈɑrmi nərs ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsɛkənd wərld wɔr. ʃi wɑz ðə soʊl sərˈvaɪvɪŋ nərs əv ðə ˈaɪlənd ˈmæsəkər, wɪn ðə ˌʤæpəˈniz kɪld 21 əv hər ˈfɛloʊ ˈnərsɪz ɔn biʧ, ˈaɪlənd (ˌɪndoʊˈniʒə) ɔn 16 ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1942 ˈərli laɪf ˈɛdət ˈvɪviən wɑz bɔrn ɔn 18 dɪˈsɛmbər 1915 ɪn kapunda*, saʊθ ɔˈstreɪljə, tɪ ʤɔrʤ ˈælbərt ənd ˈivə ˈʃɛgɑg). ʃi hæd ə ˈbrəðər, ʤɑn. ʃi treɪnd ɛz ə nərs ənd ˈmɪdˌwaɪf æt ˈbroʊkən hɪl, nu saʊθ weɪlz, ənd bɪˈgæn hər ˈnərsɪŋ kərɪr ɪn ˈhæməltən, vɪkˈtɔriə, ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmuvɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈʤɛsi məkˈfərsən ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ɪn ˈnidɪd] wərld wɔr ˈɛdət ɪn 1941 ˈwɑnɪŋ tɪ ˌɛnˈlɪst, ˌvɑlənˈtɪrd ɛz ə nərs wɪθ ðə rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ɛr fɔrs bət wɑz rɪˈʤɛktɪd fər ˈhævɪŋ flæt fit. ʃi wɑz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʤɔɪn ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈɑrmi ˈnərsɪŋ ˈsərvɪs; əˈsaɪnd tɪ ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈʤɛnərəl ˈhɑˌspɪtəl), ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər 1941 ʃi seɪld fər ˈsɪŋəˌpɔr. ˈæftər ə fju wiks wɪθ ðə, riˈʤɔɪnd ðə ɪn ˈnidɪd] ˌʤæpəˈniz trups ˌɪnˈveɪdɪd ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər 1941 ənd bɪˈgæn tɪ ədˈvæns southwards*, ˈwɪnɪŋ ə ˈsɪriz əv baɪ leɪt ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1942 ðeɪ wər ədˈvænsɪŋ θru ənd ðə wɑz tɪ ɪˈvækjəˌeɪt tɪ ˈsɪŋəˌpɔr. ə ˌʃɔrˈtlɪvd dɪˈfɛns əv ðə ˈaɪlənd ˈɛndɪd ɪn dɪˈfit, ənd, ɔn 12 ˈfɛbruˌɛri, ənd 65 ˈəðər ˈnərsɪz ˈbɔrdɪd ðə brʊk tɪ tu deɪz ˈleɪtər, ðə ʃɪp wɑz səŋk baɪ ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈɛrˌkræft., 21 ˈəðər ˈnərsɪz ənd ə lɑrʤ grup əv mɛn, ˈwɪmən, ənd ˈʧɪldrən meɪd ɪt əˈʃɔr æt biʧ ɔn ˈaɪlənd. ˈəðərz ɔn bɔrd ˈiðər wɛnt daʊn wɪθ ðə ʃɪp ər wər swɛpt əˈweɪ ənd ˈnɛvər sin əˈgɛn. ðə grup wər ʤɔɪnd ðə nɛkst deɪ baɪ ˈəðərz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈtoʊtəl əv əˈbaʊt 100 ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ əˈbaʊt tˈwɛnti ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈsoʊlʤərz frəm əˈnəðər ʃɪp səŋk ˈərliər. ðeɪ ɪˈlɛktɪd tɪ sərˈɛndər tɪ ðə ˌʤæpəˈniz. ən ˈɔfɪsər frəm ðə brʊk wɔkt tɪ muntok*, ə taʊn ɔn ðə əv ðə ˈaɪlənd, tɪ ˈkɑnˌtækt ðə ˌʤæpəˈniz. waɪl hi wɑz əˈweɪ ˈmeɪtrən aɪˈrin ˈdrəmənd, ðə moʊst ˈsinjər əv ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈnərsɪz, səˈʤɛstɪd ðət səˈvɪljən ˈwɪmən ənd ˈʧɪldrən ʃʊd stɑrt ɔf ˈwɔkɪŋ təˈwɔrdz ɪn ən ˈækʃən ðət ˈleɪtər bɪˈkeɪm noʊn ɛz ðə ˈaɪlənd ˈmæsəkər, ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈsoʊlʤərz keɪm ənd kɪld ðə mɛn, ðɛn ˈmoʊʃənd ðə ˈnərsɪz tɪ weɪd ˈɪntu ðə si. ðeɪ ðɛn ðə ˈnərsɪz frəm bɪˈhaɪnd. wɑz strək baɪ ə ˈbʊlət wɪʧ pæst kəmˈplitli θru hər ˈbɑdi, ˈmɪsɪŋ hər ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈɔrgənz, ənd feɪnd dɛθ ənˈtɪl ðə ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈsoʊlʤərz lɛft. ʃi hɪd wɪθ ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈɑrmi ˈpraɪvət ˈsisəl ʤɔrʤ ˈkɪŋzli əv ðə rɔɪəl ˈɑrmi ˈɔrdnəns kɔrz fər 12 deɪz, ˈtɛndɪŋ tɪ hɪz səˈvɪr wundz, ˈoʊnli ðɛn ˈriəˌlaɪzɪŋ ðə ɪkˈstɛnt əv hər oʊn wund, ˌbiˈfɔr biɪŋ ˈkæpʧərd. ðeɪ wər ˈteɪkən ˈɪntu kæpˈtɪvəti, bət ˈkɪŋzli daɪd sun ˈæftər frəm hɪz ˈɪnʤəriz, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˈgənˌʃɑt wund ɪn hɪz wɑz ˌriuˈnaɪtɪd wɪθ sərˈvaɪvərz əv ðə brʊk. ʃi toʊld ðɛm əv ðə ˈmæsəkər, bət nən spoʊk əv ɪt əˈgɛn ənˈtɪl ˈæftər ðə wɔr lɛst ɪt pʊt, ɛz ˈwɪtnəs tɪ ðə ˈmæsəkər, ɪn ˈdeɪnʤər. spɛnt θri ənd hæf jɪrz ɪn kæpˈtɪvəti, təˈgɛðər wɪθ ˈbɛti ˈʤɛfri, ˈwɪlmə ˈɔrəm ənd ˈmɑrgərɪt dryburgh*; dryburgh*, ðə ˈɛldəst, daɪd ɪn kæpˈtɪvəti əraʊnd ðə eɪʤ əv 55 əˈnəðər sərˈvaɪvɪŋ nərs wɑz pæt ˈdɑrlɪŋ, hu daɪd ɪn ˈleɪtər laɪf ˈɛdət ˈvɪviən rɪˈtaɪrd frəm ðə ˈɑrmi ɪn 1947 ənd bɪˈkeɪm dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈnərsɪŋ æt ðə ˈfɛrˌfild ˌɪnˈfɛkʃəs dɪˈzizɪz ˈhɑˌspɪtəl. ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn 1947 ʃi geɪv ˈɛvədəns əv ðə ˈmæsəkər æt ə wɔr kraɪmz traɪəl ɪn ʃi dɪˈvoʊtɪd hərˈsɛlf tɪ ðə ˈnərsɪŋ prəˈfɛʃən ənd tɪ ðoʊz kɪld ɔn ˈaɪlənd, ˈreɪzɪŋ fəndz fər ə ˈnərsɪz' məˈmɔriəl ənd ˈsərvɪŋ ɔn ˈnumərəs kəˈmɪtiz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə ˈpɪriəd ɛz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˈkaʊnsəl əv ðə ɔˈstreɪljən wɔr məˈmɔriəl, ənd ˈleɪtər ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈkɑlɪʤ əv ˈnidɪd] ˈmɛrid ˈkərnəl ˈfrænsɪs wɛst ˈstæθəm ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər 1977 ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ hər neɪm tɪ ˈvɪviən ʃi rɪˈtərnd tɪ ˈaɪlənd ɪn 1992 tɪ ənˈveɪl ə ʃraɪn tɪ ðə ˈnərsɪz hu hæd nɑt sərˈvaɪvd ðə wɔr. ʃi daɪd əv ə hɑrt əˈtæk ɔn 3 ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2000 ˈeɪʤɪd 84 ɪn pərθ, ˈwɛstərn ˈɛdət ɪn 2001 wɑz ˌɪnˈdəktɪd ˈpɑsʧʊməsli tɪ ðə vɪkˈtɔriən ˈɑnər roʊl əv ˈwɪmən. ˈlɛgəsi ˈɛdət ðə ˈvɪviən wɪŋ æt ˈhɑliˌwʊd ˈpraɪvət ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, pərθ (ðə ˈfɔrmər riˌpeɪtriˈeɪʃən ˈʤɛnərəl ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, ˈhɑliˌwʊd) wɑz riˈneɪmd ɪn hər ˈɑnər. ðə rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ɛr fɔrs əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən rənz ðə ˈvɪviən lɑʤ ˈeɪʤɪd kɛr fəˈsɪlɪti ɪn ðə ˈnɔrðərn ˈsəbərbz əv ˈmɑˌnæʃ ˌjunəˈvərsəti (ˈmɛlbərn) ənd ˈistərn hɛlθ (ˈmɛlbərn) hæv neɪmd ðə ʧɛr ɪn ˈpæliətɪv kɛr ˈnərsɪŋ ˈæftər hər. ˈnɔrðərn ˈmɛlbərn ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv ðə oʊld ˈnərsɪz kˈwɔrtərz ɔn ɪts ˈfɛrˌfild ˈkæmpəs ɪn 2010 fər ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈstudənt əˌkɑməˈdeɪʃən. ə ˈkɑmən rum ɪz neɪmd ˈæftər ˈvɪviən, hu wɑz ðə dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈnərsɪŋ fər ˈmɛni jɪrz æt ðə ˈfɛrˌfild noʊts ˈɛdət ˈrɛfərənsɪz ˈɛdət
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lieutenant-colonel vivian bullwinkel, ao, mbe, arrc, ed, fnm (18 december 1915 – 3 july 2000) was an australian army nurse during the second world war. she was the sole surviving nurse of the bangka island massacre, when the japanese killed 21 of her fellow nurses on radji beach, bangka island (indonesia) on 16 february 1942.
early life [ edit ]
vivian bullwinkel was born on 18 december 1915 in kapunda, south australia, to george albert and eva bullwinkel (née shegog). she had a brother, john. she trained as a nurse and midwife at broken hill, new south wales, and began her nursing career in hamilton, victoria, before moving to the jessie mcpherson hospital in melbourne.[citation needed]
world war ii [ edit ]
in 1941, wanting to enlist, bullwinkel volunteered as a nurse with the royal australian air force but was rejected for having flat feet. she was, however, able to join the australian army nursing service; assigned to the 2/13th australian general hospital (2/13th agh), in september 1941 she sailed for singapore. after a few weeks with the 2/10th agh, bullwinkel rejoined the 13th agh in johor baharu.[citation needed]
japanese troops invaded malaya in december 1941 and began to advance southwards, winning a series of victories.[1] by late january 1942 they were advancing through johore and the 13th agh was to evacuate to singapore. a short-lived defence of the island ended in defeat, and, on 12 february, bullwinkel and 65 other nurses boarded the ss vyner brooke to escape.[2]
two days later, the ship was sunk by japanese aircraft. bullwinkel, 21 other nurses and a large group of men, women, and children made it ashore at radji beach on banka island. others on board either went down with the ship or were swept away and never seen again. the group were joined the next day by others making a total of about 100 including about twenty english soldiers from another ship sunk earlier. they elected to surrender to the japanese. an officer from the vyner brooke walked to muntok, a town on the north-west of the island, to contact the japanese. while he was away matron irene drummond, the most senior of the australian nurses, suggested that civilian women and children should start off walking towards muntok.[2]
in an action that later became known as the banka island massacre, japanese soldiers came and killed the men, then motioned the nurses to wade into the sea. they then machine-gunned the nurses from behind. bullwinkel was struck by a bullet which passed completely through her body, missing her internal organs, and feigned death until the japanese soldiers left. she hid with british army private cecil george kingsley of the royal army ordnance corps for 12 days, tending to his severe wounds, only then realizing the extent of her own wound, before being captured. they were taken into captivity, but kingsley died soon after from his injuries, which included a gunshot wound in his abdomen.[2]
bullwinkel was reunited with survivors of the vyner brooke. she told them of the massacre, but none spoke of it again until after the war lest it put bullwinkel, as witness to the massacre, in danger. bullwinkel spent three and half years in captivity, together with betty jeffrey, wilma oram and margaret dryburgh; dryburgh, the eldest, died in captivity around the age of 55. another surviving nurse was pat darling, who died in 2007.[3]
later life [ edit ]
vivian retired from the army in 1947 and became director of nursing at the fairfield infectious diseases hospital. also in 1947 she gave evidence of the massacre at a war crimes trial in tokyo.[4] she devoted herself to the nursing profession and to honouring those killed on bangka island, raising funds for a nurses' memorial and serving on numerous committees, including a period as a member of the council of the australian war memorial, and later president of the australian college of nursing.[citation needed]
bullwinkel married colonel francis west statham in september 1977, changing her name to vivian statham.[5] she returned to bangka island in 1992 to unveil a shrine to the nurses who had not survived the war. she died of a heart attack on 3 july 2000, aged 84, in perth, western australia.[6]
honours [ edit ]
in 2001 bullwinkel was inducted posthumously to the victorian honour roll of women.
legacy [ edit ]
the vivian bullwinkel wing at hollywood private hospital, perth (the former repatriation general hospital, hollywood) was renamed in her honour.
the royal australian air force association runs the vivian bullwinkel lodge aged care facility in the northern suburbs of perth.[10]
monash university (melbourne) and eastern health (melbourne) have named the chair in palliative care nursing after her.
northern melbourne institute of tafe redeveloped the old nurses quarters on its fairfield campus in 2010 for residential student accommodation. a common room is named after vivian bullwinkel, who was the director of nursing for many years at the fairfield hospital.[11]
notes [ edit ]
references [ edit ]
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sɪˈkjʊrəti ɪz ə sˈlɪpəri aɪˈdiə ðiz deɪz əˈspɛʃəli wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ hoʊmz ənd ˈneɪbərˌhʊdz. pərˈhæps ðə moʊst ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪn ˈhaʊzɪŋ ““recovery”*” ɪz ðə roʊl pleɪd baɪ lɑrʤ ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti fərmz. ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz, ðeɪ hæv bɔt əp mɔr ðən ˈmoʊstli fɔrˈkloʊzd ˈhaʊsɪz ˈneɪʃənˈwaɪd ənd tərnd ðɛm ˈɪntu ˈrɛntəl ˈɛmpaɪərz. ɪn ðə ˈfaɪˌnæns ənd ril ɛˈsteɪt wərldz, ðɪs dɪˈvɛləpmənt həz wən preɪz fər ˈhɛlpɪŋ tɪ reɪz hoʊm ˈvæljuz ənd kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə nu ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈprɑdəkt noʊn ɛz ə security.”*.” ˈmɛni ɪˈkɑnəmɪsts ənd ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈædvəˌkeɪts, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hæv ˈblæstɪd ðɪs nu ˈmɑdəl ɛz ə weɪ fər wɔl strit tɪ ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz ɔn ən ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈkraɪsəs baɪ ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈpʊʃɪŋ ˈfæməliz aʊt əv ðɛr hoʊmz, ðɛn ˈtərnɪŋ əraʊnd ənd ˈrɛntɪŋ ðoʊz ˈhaʊsɪz bæk tɪ ðɛm. kɔt ɪn ðə ər tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈfæməliz naʊ ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ðiz ˈpraɪvət hoʊmz. fər ðɛm, nɑt ə kˈwɛʃən əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk dəˈbeɪt, bət əv ˈdeɪli ˈseɪfti ənd stəˈbɪlɪti. əˈməŋ ðɛm ər ðə əv ˈʧændlər, ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə, ə ˈfæməli ɪn wɪʧ ðə mɛn wərk ɪn kənˈstrəkʃən ənd ðə ɔɪl fildz, waɪl ðə ˈwɪmən ˈbæləns ðɛr ˈstədiz wɪθ wərk ənd ˈʧɪldrən, ənd ˈtɑdlərz lərn tɪ dæns ɛz ˈərli ɛz ðeɪ lərn tɪ wɔk. ðɛr ˈstɔri əv ə ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti fərm, ə ˈmɪsɪŋ pul fɛns, ənd ðə dɛθ əv ə ʧaɪld ˈreɪzɪz ˈtrəbəlɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt haʊ, ɛz ə ˈneɪʃən, wi dɪˈfaɪn sɪˈkjʊrəti ɪn ˈhaʊzɪŋ ənd waɪ, ɪn ðə mɪst əv ˈrɛgjələrli tərmd ə ““recovery,”*,” ˈmɛni ˈneɪbərˌhʊdz meɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli bi groʊɪŋ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ˈvəlnərəbəl. ə baɪɪŋ ˈfrɛnzi ɪn ˈərli ˈɔgəst 2013 ðə ʧɛˈdɪloʊ ˈfæməli θru ə pul ˈpɑrti æt ðɛr haʊs ɪn ˈʧændlər. ɪt wɑz ðə sɪksθ ˈbərθˌdeɪ əv ˈbrɛndə sən, ˈʤizəs, ənd ðə ˈfæməli geɪv ɪm ə ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən, kəmˈplit wɪθ ə ɪn ðə ˈdraɪvˌweɪ ənd ə ˈrɛntɪd fər ðə smɔl pul ɪn ðə ˈbæˌkjɑrd. ˈbrɛndə, hər ˈbrəðər braɪən, ənd hər ˈsɪstər krɪˈstin hæd saɪnd ə ˈwənˌjɪr lis ɔn ðə ˈstrəkʧər θri wiks ˈərliər, wɪʧ meɪd ðə ˈpɑrti ˈspɛʃəl. ɪt wɑz ðə fərst ˈfæməli ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən ðət kʊd bi hɛld ɪn ə haʊs. ˈɔlˌweɪz lɪvd ɪn əˈpɑrtmənts, əˈpɑrtmənts, apartments,”*,” sɛd krɪˈstin. ðə θri əv ðɛm wər ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ faɪnd ə pleɪs ðeɪ kʊd əˈfɔrd ðət wɑz bɪg ɪˈnəf fər ðɛr ˈʧɪldrən, ˈpɑrtnər ˌhɑviˈɛr, ənd ðɛr ˈpɛrənts ˈoʊlgə ənd ˈʤizəs. ˈoʊldəst ˈdɔtər,, wɑz soʊ kloʊz tɪ sən ðət ðə tu kɔld iʧ ˈəðər ˈbrəðər ənd ˈsɪstər. ðə ˈoʊnli ˈwəri ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɑrti wɑz ðə pul, ˈkɛrfəli ˈmɑnətərd baɪ ðə ˈædəlts. biɪŋ ənˈfɛnst, ɪt hæd bɪn ə sɔrs əv strɛs sɪns ðeɪ muvd ɪn. rɪˈpitɪd rɪkˈwɛsts tɪ ðə ˈmænɪʤmənt ˈkəmpəˌni ˈoʊvərˌsiɪŋ ðə ˈprɑpərti ðət wən bi ˌɪnˈstɔld hæd rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ˈnəθɪŋ. ðə hæd noʊ aɪˈdiə ðət ðə ril ˈoʊnər wɑz ə ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti fərm kɔld ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈɛlˈpi. ɪt hæd bɪn ˈfaʊndɪd ɪn 2012 baɪ ˈdɑnəld ˈmələn, ə ˈfɔrmər ˈgoʊldmən sɑks ˈpɑrtnər, ənd kərt ʃeɪd, ə ˈfɔrmər ˈmænəʤɪŋ dɪˈrɛktər æt bɛr stərnz, ən ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt bæŋk ðət kəˈlæpst ɪn 2008 ˈprɑˌgrɛs wɑz ˈfaɪˌnænst baɪ ə 400 ˈmɪljən ˈkrɛdɪt laɪn frəm dɔɪʧ bæŋk. ðə seɪm mənθ ðət ðə ˈfæməli ˈrɛntɪd ðə haʊs æt 1471 wɛst kəˈminoʊ kɔrt, ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈpərʧəst mɔr hoʊmz ɪn ˌmɑrɪˈkoʊpə ˈkəntri ðən ˈɛni ˈəðər ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl baɪər. ˈnæʃənəli, ˈblækˌstoʊn, ə ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti ʤaɪənt, həz bɪn ðə ˈlidɪŋ ˈpərʧəsər əv hoʊmz, ˈspɛndɪŋ ˈəpwərdz əv 8 ˈbɪljən bɪtˈwin 2012 ənd 2014 tɪ ˈpərʧəs hoʊmz ɪn əˈbaʊt ə ˈdəzən ˈsɪtiz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪn meɪ 2013 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈmaɪkəl ɔr, dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈsɛnər fər ril ɛˈsteɪt ˈθɪri ənd ˈpræktɪs æt ðə ˈdəbəlju. pi. ˈkɛri skul əv ˈbɪznɪs æt ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə steɪt ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl bɔt ˈnɪrli 200 ˈhaʊsɪz, sərˈpæsɪŋ baɪɪŋ reɪt ðət mənθ ɪn ðə ˈfinɪks ˈɛriə. ðə kənˈdɪʃən ənd koʊd kəmˈplaɪəns əv ðiz ˈhaʊsɪz ˈvɛriz ənd ɪz ˈrɛrli noʊn æt ðə taɪm əv ðə ˈpərʧəs. maɪk ˈændərsən, hu wərks fər ə ˈbɪdɪŋ ˈsərvɪs ˈkɑntræktəd baɪ ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ənd ˈəðər ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti ʤaɪənts tɪ baɪ ˈhaʊsɪz æt ˈɔkʃənz, wɑz ˈsəmˌtaɪmz æst tɪ goʊ aʊt ənd lʊk æt ðə hoʊmz. bət wɪθ ðə ˈstægərˌɪŋ baɪɪŋ reɪt əp tɪ 15 ˈhaʊsɪz ə deɪ æt ðə pik hi kip əp. bi tu ˈmɛni, ju goʊ aʊt ənd lʊk æt them,”*,” hi sɛd. ʤɪst ə ˈgæmbəl. ju ˈnɛvər noʊ wət gɑt into.”*.” ðə haʊs ɔn wɛst kəˈminoʊ kɔrt ðə haʊs ðət wʊd sun bɪˈkəm ðə ʧɛˈdɪloʊ hoʊm wɑz ɪn faɪn ˈstrəkʧərəl kənˈdɪʃən wɪn ðə ˈfæməli saɪnd ðə lis. ɪt sæt ˈveɪkənt fər lɔŋ. ˈərliər ðət jɪr, ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈoʊnər, lɔɪd ˈkɑrtər, soʊld ðə haʊs tɪ əˈvɔɪd fɔrˈkloʊʒər ˈæftər ˈriəˌlaɪzɪŋ ðət hi oʊd mɔr ɔn hɪz ˈmɔrgɪʤ ðən ðə haʊs wɑz wərθ. ˈivɪn noʊ hu ðeɪ soʊld ɪt to,”*,” ˈkɑrtər toʊld mi. ˈtaɪtəl ˈeɪʤənsi ʤɪst sɛnt ðə ˈdɑkjəmənts wɪθ ðə ˈkəriər ənd mɛt mi æt ə starbucks.”*.”) ðɛr wər ə ˈnəmbər əv smɔl rihæb ˈɪʃuz: ə ˈkɑˌkroʊʧ ˌɪnˈfɛˈsteɪʃən, ɔɪl ðət hæd spɪld ɪn ðə ˈdraɪvˌweɪ, ənd ə sˈlɑpi peɪnt ʤɑb. krɪˈstin rɪˈkɔrdɪd səm əv ðiz ˈprɑbləmz ənd ˈəðərz ɔn ə ˌɪnˈspɛkʃən, bət ʃi ˈoʊvərli ˈtrəbəld. aɪ wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ fər wɑz ə pleɪs bɪg ɪˈnəf fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ bi together,”*,” ʃi sɛd. ənˈtɪl ðɛn, ʃi hæd bɪn ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn hər parents’*’ əˈpɑrtmənt ɪn ˈtɛmpi wɪθ ənd hər ˈjəŋgər ˈdɔtər elysiah*. ðə wən ˈsɪriəs ˈprɑbləm wɑz ðə læk əv ðət pul fɛns. ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈfæməli muvd ɪn, krɪˈstin æst ðə ˈgoʊlbə grup, ðə ˈprɑpərti ˈmænɪʤmənt ˈkəmpəˌni haɪərd baɪ ˈprɑˌgrɛs tɪ lis ənd meɪnˈteɪn ˈmɛni əv ɪts ˈhaʊsɪz, tɪ ˌɪnˈstɔl wən. ɛz ʃi ˈriˌkɔlz, ˈleɪsi, ðə ˈprɑpərti ˈeɪʤənt, lɛft fər ə ˈmoʊmənt ənd wɪn ʃi rɪˈtərnd ðeɪ goʊɪŋ tɪ pʊt ɪt up.”*.” krɪˈstin ˈɔfərd tɪ ˈkəvər ðə kɔst ənd wɑz ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ðət ðə ˈfæməli kʊd ˌɪnˈstɔl ðɛr oʊn ˈbɛriər, bət ˈoʊnli ɪf ɪt əˈfɛkt ˈɛni əv ðə ˈlænˌskeɪpɪŋ ənd fɪkst tɪ ˈɛni ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt ˈstrəkʧərz, wɪʧ tɪ krɪˈstin ˈsaʊndɪd ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl. ðə nɛkst wik, ðə ˈfæməli muvd ɪn, ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ˈnərvəs əˈbaʊt ðə ˈfɛnsləs ˈbæˌkjɑrd, əˈspɛʃəli sɪns ðeɪ wər ənˈʃʊr wət stɛps ðeɪ kʊd ˈligəli teɪk ɛz ˈrɛntərz. ˈfɑðər bɪˈgæn kəˈlɛktɪŋ wʊd tɪ bɪld ə ˈbɛriər ɔn ðə ˈpætiˌoʊ ənd ðə ˈfæməli əˈgrid ɔn ə ˈseɪfti plæn: boʊθ frənt ənd bæk dɔrz wər tɪ rɪˈmeɪn lɑkt æt ɔl taɪmz, ənd ˈməltəpəl ˈædəlts hæd tɪ ˈsupərˌvaɪz ðə ˈʧɪldrən ɪf ðeɪ wər ˈaʊtˈsaɪd. krɪˈstin sɪz ʃi kɔld ðə ˈkəmpəˌni əˈnəðər taɪm tɪ æsk fər ə fɛns, əˈgɛn ˈɔfərɪŋ tɪ ˈkəvər ðə kɔst. ˈgoʊlbə kleɪmz ɪt həz noʊ ˈrɛkərd əv ðiz rɪkˈwɛsts. ˈleɪsi (hu dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ʃɛr hər læst neɪm) sɛd ʃi rɪˈmɛmbər ðə, noʊ lɛs ˈwɛðər ðeɪ rɪkˈwɛstɪd ə fɛns. ju nu ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˈprɑpərtiz wi had,”*,” ʃi toʊld mi baɪ foʊn. wɑz ˈoʊvər ə jɪr ago.”*.” ðə ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti ˈbɪznɪs ˈmɑdəl ˈgloʊbəl ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti fərmz hæv nɑt bɪn, hɪˈstɔrɪkəli, ɪn ðə ˈbɪznɪs əv ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ pul ˈfɛnsɪz ənd ðə ˈəðər ˈhæsəlz əv meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ ˈhaʊsɪz. bət ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪt kəˈlæps, ðə aɪˈdiə əv baɪɪŋ ə tən əv ðiz fɔrˈkloʊzd ˈprɑpərtiz ˈsədənli meɪd sɛns, æt list tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstərz. səʧ ˈpərʧəsɪz wər tɪ meɪk ˈməni ɪn θri weɪz: baɪɪŋ ʧip ənd ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ðə ˈhaʊsɪz tɪ geɪn ˈvælju ɛz ðə ˈmɑrkɪt baʊnst bæk; ˈrɛntɪŋ ðɛm aʊt ənd kəˈlɛktɪŋ ˈmənθli ˈrɛntəl ˈpeɪmənts; ənd prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈprɑdəkt noʊn ɛz securities,”*,” ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðə ˈɪnfəməs sɪˈkjʊrətiz ðət ˈtrɪgərd ðə ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈmɛltˌdaʊn əv ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðə baɪɪŋ əv ðə ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti fərmz həz ˈfaɪnəli sloʊd, ɪˈkɑnəmɪsts (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðoʊz æt ðə ˈfɛdərəl rɪˈzərv) hæv ɪkˈsprɛst kənˈsərn əˈbaʊt ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ðət ˈsəmˌdeɪ ðoʊz sɪˈkjʊrətiz kʊd ˈivɪn dɪˈsteɪbəˌlaɪz trænzˈleɪʃən: kræʃ ðə ˈbrɔdər ˈmɑrkɪt. sɪns wɔl strit wɑz ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ðə ərˈɪʤənəl kəˈlæps əv ðə ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪt, ˈmɛni hæv ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪzd ðiz nu ˈpərʧəsɪz ɛz ə lænd græb. ɪn ˈmɛni weɪz, ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˈsiˌiˈoʊ ˈdɑnəld ˈmələn ɪz ðə fər ðɪs ˈɑrgjəmənt. ən ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ˈbæŋkər hu ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ə brif ˈfləri əv feɪm ˈæftər ˈluzɪŋ ə ˈbɪdɪŋ wɔr tɪ ˈælɪk ˈbɔldwən æt ən ɑrt ˈɔkʃən, hi wɑz ðə ˈlidər əv ə tim æt ˈgoʊldmən sɑks ðət ˈɔrkɪˌstreɪtɪd ən ˈɪnfəməs bɛt əˈgɛnst ðə ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪt. noʊn ɛz bɪg short,”*,” ɪt əˈlaʊd ðət ˈkəmpəˌni tɪ meɪk ˈsɪriəs money“*“ wɪn ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi ˈmɛltɪd daʊn, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ oʊn iˈmeɪlz. (ðeɪ wər riˈlist baɪ ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt ˈsəbkəˈmɪti ɔn ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz ɪn 2010 ɛz ˈkɛvɪn ruz jɔrk ˈmægəˌzin həz ˈrɪtən, gaɪ huz moʊst ˈfeɪməs treɪd wɑz ə səkˈsɛsfəl bɛt ɔn ðə ˌfʊlˈskeɪl ˌɪmˈploʊʒən əv ðə ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪt ɪz naʊ sˈwupɪŋ ɪn tɪ pɪk əp ðə ˈpisɪz ɔn ðə ˈəðər end.”*.” ə dɛθ ənˈlaɪk hər ˈkəzən ˈʤizəs, wɑz əˈfreɪd əv ðə pul. ʃi wɑz məʧ mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi faʊnd ˈdænsɪŋ ɪn frənt əv ðə ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən, ər ˈitɪŋ ˈvɛʤtəbəlz, wɪʧ wər tɪ hər səˈpraɪz hər ˈfeɪvərɪt fud. ʃi ləvd ˈkɛʧəp, ənd wəns dɪsˈgəstɪd hər ɔnt ˈbrɛndə baɪ ˈdɪpɪŋ hər ɪnˈtaɪər hænd ˈɪntu ðə ˈkɛʧəp boʊl æt ə ˈrɛˌstrɑnt ənd ˈlɪkɪŋ ðə ˈkɑndəmənt ɔf hər ˈfɪŋgərz. dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ hərˈsɛlf ɛz ˈsəmˌwən hu firsts,”*,” krɪˈstin seɪvd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ əˈbaʊt hər laɪf frəm hər ˈpɑzətɪv ˈprɛgnənsi tɛst tɪ ðə sərˈtɪfɪkət ʃi rɪˈsivd fər ˌvɔlənˈtɪrɪŋ æt ˈərli hɛd stɑrt ˈproʊˌgræm. tɑd stuərt, krɪˈstin ˈlɔjər, rɪˈmɛmbərz biɪŋ ʃɑkt baɪ ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈkipˌseɪks ðə ˈfæməli hæd kəˈlɛktəd ˈoʊvər ʃɔrt laɪf. æst hər fər səm ˈpɪkʧərz əv zahara,”*,” stuərt toʊld mi, krɪˈstin sɛnt mi photos.”*.” əˈbaʊt ə wik ˌbiˈfɔr dɛθ, krɪˈstin riʧt aʊt tɪ hər hɛd stɑrt ˈtiʧər tɪ ˌɪnkˈwaɪr əˈbaʊt sˈwɪmɪŋ ˈlɛsənz. ðə gərl stɪl ʃoʊd ən ɪkˈstrim əˈvərʒən tɪ ðə pul, bət krɪˈstin ˈwɔntɪd tɪ bi ˈkɛrfəl. ðət ˈbərθˌdeɪ ˈpɑrti ˈwiˌkɪnd wɑz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz, ðə ˈmoʊmənt wɪn hər fɪr əv ðə ˈwɔtər məst hæv ɪˈvæpərˌeɪtɪd, bɪˈkəz ðət ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, waɪl krɪˈstin wɑz æt wərk ənd wɑz æt hoʊm rɪˈkəvərɪŋ frəm ə ˈfivər wɪθ hər ˈgrændˌməðər ˈoʊlgə, ðə ˈtɑdlər krɔld aʊt θru ə ˈdɔgi dɔr ənd faʊnd hər weɪ ˈɪntu ðə pul. ˈlɪtərəli wɛnt ˈɪntu shock,”*,” sɪz krɪˈstin ˈæftər ʃi gɑt ə kɔl frəm ˈoʊlgə æt ðə ˈsəbˌweɪ ˈaʊˌtlɛt wɛr ʃi ənd ˈbrɛndə wərkt. tʊk ɔf maɪ ˈeɪprən ənd spɛd ɔf tɪ ðə hospital.”*.” ˈməltəpəl vaɪəˈleɪʃənz ɛz fɑr ɛz ˈligəl ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti goʊz, ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə pul lɔz ər nɑt ˈvɛri ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd. ɪf ə ˈprɑpərti ɪz aʊt əv kəmˈplaɪəns wɪθ ˈsɪti ər steɪt koʊdz, ðə riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ˈpɑsəbəl ˈɪnʤəriz ər dɛθ, səʧ ɛz ə ˈdraʊnɪŋ, fɔlz ɔn ðə ˈoʊnər əv ðə ˈprɑpərti əˈspɛʃəli wɪn ðə ˈɪnʤərd ˈpɑrti ɪz ə ˈmaɪnər. rivˈjuɪŋ ˈfoʊˌtoʊz əv ðə wɛst kəˈminoʊ haʊs ˈteɪkən baɪ ðə pəˈlis ənd ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz, dəg dieker*, ə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈɪnʤəri ˈlɔjər ɪn ˈskɑtsˌdeɪl, ɪkˈspleɪnd ðət ðə pleɪs wɑz ˈklɪrli vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv ˈsɪti code.”*.” ɪf ən ˌɪnˈtɪriər fɛns əraʊnd ə pul ɪz ˈlækɪŋ, ˈsɪti koʊd rikˈwaɪərz wən əv θri priˈkɔʃənz: ðə dɔrz wɪθ pul ˈækˌsɛs nid tɪ bi ənd self-closing*; ðɛr nidz tɪ bi ə paʊər ˈkəvər fər ðə pul; ər ðɛr nidz tɪ bi ˈɑdəbəl əˈlɑrmz ɔn ɔl ðə dɔrz. nən əv ðiz θri θɪŋz ɪgˈzɪstəd æt ðə haʊs æt ðə taɪm əv ðə ˈdraʊnɪŋ, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ boʊθ ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈɛvədəns ənd ˈtɛstɪˌmoʊni frəm ðə ˈfæməli. dieker*, hu həz wərkt ɔn ə ˈsɪmələr ˈrɔŋfəl dɛθ keɪs ɪn wɪʧ ə ʧaɪld draʊnd ɪn ə pul ɪn ˈneɪbərɪŋ ˈglɛnˌdeɪl ˈæftər ˈkrɔlɪŋ θru ə ˈdɔgi dɔr, ɪkˈspleɪnd, ju rɛnt tɪ ə ˈfæməli wɪθ smɔl ˈʧɪldrən, ðə ˈduti ˈəndər ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə lɔ ɪz ðət ðə ˈlænˌdlɔrd nidz tɪ teɪk ðə priˈkɔʃənz əv ə ˈrizənəbli ˈprudənt person.”*.” ɛz hi rivˈjud ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz, hi ˈædɪd, ˈaʊtˈsaɪd fɛns ɪz ɪn vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv ˈsɪti koʊd, also.”*.” nɑt correct”*” ˈpræktɪsɪz wɪn krɪˈstin əraɪvd æt ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, wɑz hʊkt əp tɪ ə ˈbriðɪŋ tub ənd hər ˈstəmək wɑz drəˈmætɪkəli ˌɪnˈfleɪtɪd. ˌhɑviˈɛr, hu wərks ɪn kənˈstrəkʃən, wɑz aʊt əv taʊn ɔn ə ʤɑb. krɪˈstin kɔld tɪ tɛl ɪm tɪ kəm hoʊm, naʊ. ðə ˈdɑktərz ˌɪnˈfɔrmd hər ðət ˈivɪn ɪf ðeɪ kʊd gɪt tɪ brið əˈgɛn, ʃi wʊd hæv ˈsəfərd ˈsɪriəs breɪn ˈdæmɪʤ. krɪˈstin sɛd ʃi ʤɪst ˈwɔntɪd hər ˈdɔtər əˈlaɪv, soʊ ðə ˈdɑktərz kənˈtɪnjud traɪɪŋ tɪ rɪˈsəsɪˌteɪt hər. wər ˈprɛsɪŋ ənd ˈprɛsɪŋ ɔn hər ənd aɪ sɛd, liv hər alone,’”*,’” wɑz haʊ krɪˈstin dɪˈskraɪbd hər ˈfaɪnəl ˈmoʊmənts. sɛd ə prɛr ənd ðə prist blɛst hər ˈbɑdi ənd aɪ ʤɪst fɛl ɔn ðə flɔr ənd ˈstɑrtɪd crying.”*.” ðə ˈfæməli rɪˈtərnd frəm ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ənd bɪˈgæn ə ˈmɔrnɪŋ ˈpɪriəd, bət krɪˈstin steɪ ˈaɪdəl fər lɔŋ. ˈbrɛndə rɪˈmɛmbərz ðət hər ˈsɪstər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli bɪˈgæn əˈtɛndɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃənz fər hər fˈjunərəl. ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs, ɛz krɪˈstin tɛlz ɪt, ʃi kɔld ˈgoʊlbə tɪ lɛt ðə ˈkəmpəˌni noʊ wət hæd ˈhæpənd. ˈrəðər ðən rɪˈsiv kənˈdoʊlənsəz, ʃi wɑz toʊld tɪ səbˈmɪt ə pəˈlis rɪˈpɔrt. krɪˈstin bɪˈgæn riˈsərʧɪŋ ðə ˈsɪti ˈbɪldɪŋ koʊdz ənd lɔz ɔn ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt, ˈoʊnli tɪ faɪnd hərˈsɛlf ˈʃətəld frəm wən ˈeɪʤənsi tɪ ðə nɛkst. ðə ˈsɪti əv ˈʧændlər ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, aɪ lʊkt əp koʊd enforcement,”*,” ʃi rɪˈkɔld. kɔld ə ˈkəpəl əv taɪmz. ɪt wɑz ˈvɛri kənfˈjuzɪŋ; wɪn aɪ kɔld koʊd, ðeɪ sɛd tɪ kɔl [ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv] ˈbɪldɪŋz. ənd wɪn aɪ kɔld ˈbɪldɪŋz, ðeɪ toʊld mi tɪ kɔl code.”*.” ˈfaɪnəli ʃi wɛnt daʊn tɪ ðə koʊd ˈɔfəs ənd toʊld wən əv ðə ˌɪnˈspɛktərz haʊ hər ˈdɔtər hæd daɪd. ʃi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ noʊ ɪf ðɛr wɑz ə vaɪəˈleɪʃən æt ðə haʊs ənd, ɪf soʊ, haʊ tɪ rɪˈpɔrt ɪt. ðə ˌɪnˈspɛktər tʊk hər ˈnəmbər ənd ˈskɛʤʊld ə taɪm tɪ kəm ˌɪnˈspɛkt ðə haʊs. ˌɪnˈstɛd, hi kɔld bæk ðət ˌæftərˈnun ənd lɛft ə ˈvɔɪsˌmeɪl səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət krɪˈstin kɔl ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈbɪldɪŋz. wɪn ʃi ˌriˈkaʊntɪd ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ wɪθ ˈgoʊlbə ənd ðə frəˈstreɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˈsɪti tɪ ðə fˈjunərəl dɪˈrɛktər æt ˈsərvɪs, krɪˈstin wɑz ədˈvaɪzd tɪ faɪnd hərˈsɛlf ə ˈlɔjər. ɪn ə foʊn ˈɪntərvˌju, skɑt ˈgoʊlbə, ˈkoʊˈfaʊndər əv ðə ˈgoʊlbə grup, kleɪmd ðət ˈɪʃuz laɪk ˈdraʊnɪŋz ər koʊd vaɪəˈleɪʃənz ər nɑt ˈkɑmən æt ðə hoʊmz hɪz ˈkəmpəˌni həz ˈmænɪʤd. (pul ˈdraʊnɪŋz ɪn ˌmɑrɪˈkoʊpə ˈkaʊnti, ɪt ʃʊd bi ˈnoʊtɪd, ər rɪˈmɑrkəbli ˈkɑmən; 10 ˈʧɪldrən hæv draʊnd ðɛr soʊ fɑr ɪn 2014 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈseɪfti fərst.) ˈgoʊlbə dɪd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, səˈʤɛst ðət nid tɪ əˈʧiv ə haɪ reɪt əv rɪˈtərnz fər ɪts ˌɪnˈvɛstərz hæd brɔt ə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈprɛʃər ˈpriviəsli ənˈhərd əv tɪ ðə ˈrɛntəl ˈmɑrkɪt. ˈoʊnərz wɔnt tɪ noʊ, məʧ ˈməni dɪd aɪ meɪk ɔn ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl skwɛr fʊt? haʊ məʧ ˈməni dɪd aɪ hæv tɪ pʊt ɪn ˈkæpɪtəl waɪz, ənd haʊ məʧ ˈməni dɪd aɪ meɪk ɔn ðət capital?’…*?’… ɔl əˈbaʊt ˈsprɛdˌʃits wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl owners.”*.” fər ˈprɑˌgrɛs ənd ˈəðər ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl ˌɪnˈvɛstərz, soʊ fɑr ðə rɪˈtərnz ɔn ðɛr ˈrɛntəl hoʊmz ˈɔlˌweɪz pruvd tɪ bi ə ˈstɔri. læst ˈsəmər, əˈnəðər ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti fərm, əˈmɛrɪkən hoʊmz 4 rɛnt, faɪərd ə ˈnəmbər əv ɪts ɪmˈplɔɪiz ˈæftər ˈpoʊstɪŋ ˈlɔsɪz. ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri, ˈdætə ʃoʊd ðət ðə rɛnts ˈblækˌstoʊn wɑz kəˈlɛktɪŋ frəm ˈhaʊsɪz ðət təˈgɛðər meɪd əp ðə kəˈlætərəl fər ðə security”*” hæd dɪˈklaɪnd baɪ ˈlænˌdlɔrdz hæv ˈstrəgəld tɪ tərn ə ˈprɑfɪt waɪl əkˈwaɪərɪŋ hoʊmz ˈfæstər ðən ðeɪ kən fɪl ðɛm wɪθ tenants,”*,” ˈblumbərg nuz ˌriˈpɔrtəd læst ˈɔgəst. skɑt ˈgoʊlbə ɪkˈspleɪnd ðət ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ðɪs gæp bɪtˈwin ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ˈprɑfɪts ənd ˈækʧəwəl wənz lɛd ˈkəmpəˌniz laɪk ˈprɑˌgrɛs tɪ skərt ðə rulz tɪ ˌɪnˈkris rɪˈtərnz. ðeɪ hæv tɪ sɛl tɪ ðɛr ˈstɑˌkhoʊldərz ə ˈsərtən ˈdɔlər əˈmaʊnt, ənd ɪf ɪt kəm tɪ ðət, wɪn sɛd ənd dən, ɪf ðeɪ meɪk ðət məʧ ˈməni aʊt əv ðə hoʊm, ðeɪ hæv tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðət tɪ ðɛr ˈstɑˌkhoʊldərz ər ðə bæŋk ðeɪ lɛnd to.”*.” ðə ˈnɛgətɪv side,”*,” hi kənˈtɪnjud, traɪ tɪ reɪz ðə rɛnts ər du ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət trəˈdɪʃənəli kərˈɛkt tɪ seɪv ˈməni ər aɪ ʃʊd seɪ, tɪ meɪk mɔr ˈməni aʊt əv ðə property.”*.” ðə fɛns ɪn ðə spərɪŋ, waɪl krɪˈstin ənd ˌhɑviˈɛr wər stɪl ˈkoʊpɪŋ wɪθ ðɛr grif, ðə muvd aʊt. gɑt tɪ lərn tɪ lɪv wɪˈθaʊt hər fər ðə rɛst əv ɑr lives,”*,” krɪˈstin toʊld mi. dɛθ əˈfɛktɪd ˈəðər ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz ɛz wɛl. ˈoʊlgə rɪˈmeɪnd ˈhɑrtˌbroʊkən, waɪl ˈbrɛndə fɛlt ðə strɛs əv ˈkipɪŋ ðə ˈfæməli təˈgɛðər, ˈivɪn ɛz ʃi hɛld daʊn ə ˈfʊlˌtaɪm ʤɑb, ˈfɪnɪʃt hər ˈʤunjər jɪr əv ˈkɑlɪʤ, ənd kɛrd fər ˈʤizəs, hu gru ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli wɪθˈdrɔn ənd ˈæŋgri æt skul. æt ðə ˈsɛmɪˌtɛri, krɪˈstin rɪˈmɛmbərz ðə ɪkˈskleɪmɪŋ, ʤɪst soʊ ˈstupɪd! waɪ ðeɪ ʤɪst pʊt əp ə fence?”*?” ɪn fækt, mɔr ðən θri mənθs ˈæftər ðə ˈdraʊnɪŋ, ˈprɑˌgrɛs dɪd ˈfaɪnəli əˈpruv ənd peɪ fər ðə ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən əv ə fɛns æt ðə haʊs. bət ˈivɪn ðət goʊ əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ plæn bɪˈkəz ðə fɛns wɑz ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ˌɪnˈstɔld nɛkst dɔr, æt 1461 wɛst kəˈminoʊ kɔrt. (ðət ˈoʊnər, ˈmaɪkəl hɔrd, rɪˈmɛmbərz rɪˈtərnɪŋ hoʊm tɪ faɪnd ən ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈbɛriər ɪn hɪz ˈbæˌkjɑrd. gɑt bæk ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, wɛnt ˈaʊtˈsaɪd, ənd ðɛr wɑz ə pul fɛns ðət aɪ æst tɪ bi ˌɪnˈstɔld. tu ər θri deɪz ˈleɪtər, aɪ gɑt bæk frəm wərk ənd ɪt wɑz gone.”*.”) krɪˈstin ənd ˈʤizəs ər naʊ pərˈpɛrɪŋ tɪ faɪl ə ˈrɔŋfəl dɛθ sut əˈgɛnst ˈprɑˌgrɛs. soʊ fɑr, rɪfˈjuzd tɪ pʊt daʊn ə ˈdɔlər əˈmaʊnt ɔn ðə ˌkɑmpənˈseɪʃən ðeɪ wʊd əkˈsɛpt. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ si ˈloʊkəl lɔz ɛˈnæktəd ðət wʊd ˌrikˈwaɪər ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl ˌɪnˈvɛstərz laɪk ˈprɑˌgrɛs tɪ hæv ðɛr ˈhaʊsɪz ˌɪnˈspɛktɪd tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ðeɪ ər ɪn kəmˈplaɪəns wɪθ ˈloʊkəl ˈɔrdənənsɪz. ʤɪst wɔnt ðɪs nɑt tɪ ˈhæpən tɪ ˈsəmˌwən else,”*,” sɛd krɪˈstin. ɪmˈplɔɪiz frəm ˈskɑtsˌdeɪl ˈɔfəs dɪd nɑt rɪˈtərn rɪˈpitɪd rɪkˈwɛsts fər ˈkɑmɛnt. rɑb kɔl, ə ˈgræʤəˌweɪt ˈstudənt ɪn ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈərbən ˈplænɪŋ æt ˈɛˈmaɪˈti, həz riˈsərʧt ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl ˌɪnˈvɛstər hoʊmz ɪn æˈtlæntə. wət faʊnd ɪz ðət ðə sɔrt əv ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪti ɪkˈspɪriənst baɪ ðə ɪz ə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃɪŋ ˈfiʧər əv ðə weɪv əv ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp. si ɪt ɛz ə ˈbɪznɪs ˈmɑdəl ðət ɪz control.”*.” hi siz ðə ˈlɑʤɪk bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ˈpraɪvət ˈɛkwəti pʊʃ ˈɪntu ðə ˈrɛntəl ˈmɑrkɪt ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈjuzɪŋ ˈhaʊzɪŋ ɛz ə ɛkˈstrækʃən tool”*” frəm kəmˈjunɪtiz ɛz ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðə wən ˈlɛndərz ənd ˈmɔrgɪʤ ˈkəmpəˌniz ɪmˈplɔɪd ɪn ðə jɪrz ˈlidɪŋ əp tɪ ðə kræʃ. wɔl strit ɪz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ənd ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ dəmp 20 ˈbɪljən ˈɪntu ˈsəmθɪŋ, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ θɪŋk ðeɪ kən, ənd ðeɪ plæn ɔn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə bənʧ əv ˈməni ɔn it,”*,” hi sɪz. taɪm ðeɪ gɑt ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈhaʊzɪŋ, ɪgˈzæktli wət ðeɪ dɪd. ənd ðɛn ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ keɪm ˈkræʃɪŋ down.”*.” ɪn ðə ˈminˌtaɪm, ðə tɛnd tɪ ə greɪv ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə ʧaɪld, sæd pruf əv wət maɪt bi kɔld insecurity”*” ɪn ə nu əˈmɛrɪkən ˈhaʊzɪŋ wərld. ˈrɛgjələr ˈlɔrə ɪz ə ˈʤərnəlɪst ənd ðə ˈɔθər əv ə drim fɔrˈkloʊzd: blæk əˈmɛrɪkə ənd ðə faɪt fər ə pleɪs tɪ kɔl hoʊm. ʃi ɪz ən ˈɛdɪtər fər ˈweɪʤɪŋ nɑnˈvaɪələns ənd həz ˈrɪtən fər ˈpleɪˌbɔɪ, æl ʤəˈzirə əˈmɛrɪkə, rollingstone.com*, mɪz., ðə ˈhəfɪŋtən poʊst, ənd ˈəðər ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz. ˈfɑloʊ ɔn tˈwɪtər ənd ʤɔɪn ˈjuˈɛs ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd ˈtəmblər. ʧɛk aʊt ðə nuəst dɪˈspæʧ bʊk, rəˈbɛkə mɛn ɪkˈspleɪn θɪŋz tɪ 2014 ˈlɔrə
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security is a slippery idea these days — especially when it comes to homes and neighborhoods.
perhaps the most controversial development in america’s housing “recovery” is the role played by large private equity firms. in recent years, they have bought up more than 200,000 mostly foreclosed houses nationwide and turned them into rental empires. in the finance and real estate worlds, this development has won praise for helping to raise home values and creating a new financial product known as a “rental-backed security.” many economists and housing advocates, however, have blasted this new model as a way for wall street to capitalize on an economic crisis by essentially pushing families out of their homes, then turning around and renting those houses back to them.
caught in the crosshairs are tens of thousands of families now living in these private equity-owned homes. for them, it’s not a question of economic debate, but of daily safety and stability. among them are the cedillos of chandler, arizona, a tight-knit family in which the men work in construction and the oil fields, while the strong-willed women balance their studies with work and children, and toddlers learn to dance as early as they learn to walk. their story of a private equity firm, a missing pool fence, and the death of a two-year-old child raises troubling questions about how, as a nation, we define security in housing and why, in the midst of what’s regularly termed a “recovery,” many neighborhoods may actually be growing increasingly vulnerable.
a buying frenzy
in early august 2013, the cedillo family threw a pool party at their house in chandler. it was the sixth birthday of brenda cedillo’s son, jesus, and the family gave him a batman-themed celebration, complete with a piñata in the driveway and a rented waterslide for the small pool in the backyard. brenda, her brother bryan, and her sister christine had signed a one-year lease on the two-story structure three weeks earlier, which made the party special. it was the first family celebration that could be held in a house.
“we’ve always lived in apartments, apartments, apartments,” said christine.
the three of them were excited to find a place they could afford that was big enough for their children, christine’s partner javier, and their parents olga and jesus. christine’s oldest daughter, two-year-old zahara, was so close to brenda’s son that the two called each other brother and sister.
the only worry during the party was the pool, carefully monitored by the adults. being unfenced, it had been a source of stress since they moved in. repeated requests to the management company overseeing the property that one be installed had resulted in nothing. the cedillos had no idea that the house’s real owner was a private equity firm called progress residential lp. it had been founded in 2012 by donald mullen, a former goldman sachs partner, and curt schade, a former managing director at bear stearns, an investment bank that collapsed in 2008. progress was financed by a $400 million credit line from deutsche bank.
the same month that the family rented the house at 1471 west camino court, progress residential purchased more homes in maricopa country than any other institutional buyer. nationally, blackstone, a private equity giant, has been the leading purchaser of single-family homes, spending upwards of $8 billion between 2012 and 2014 to purchase 43,000 homes in about a dozen cities. however, in may 2013, according to michael orr, director of the center for real estate theory and practice at the w. p. carey school of business at arizona state university, progress residential bought nearly 200 houses, surpassing blackstone’s buying rate that month in the phoenix area.
the condition and code compliance of these houses varies and is rarely known at the time of the purchase. mike anderson, who works for a bidding service contracted by progress residential and other private equity giants to buy houses at auctions, was sometimes asked to go out and look at the homes. but with the staggering buying rate — up to 15 houses a day at the peak — he couldn’t keep up. “there’d be too many, you couldn’t go out and look at them,” he said. “it’s just a gamble. you never know what you’ve got into.”
the house on west camino court
the two-story house that would soon become the cedillo family’s home was in fine structural condition when the family signed the lease. it hadn’t sat vacant for long. earlier that year, the former owner, lloyd carter, sold the house to avoid foreclosure after realizing that he owed $100,000 more on his mortgage than the house was worth. (“i didn’t even know who they sold it to,” carter told me. “the title agency just sent the documents with the courier and met me at a starbucks.”)
there were a number of small rehab issues: a cockroach infestation, oil that had spilled in the driveway, and a sloppy paint job. christine recorded some of these problems and others on a walk-through inspection, but she wasn’t overly troubled. “all i was looking for was a place big enough for us to be together,” she said. until then, she had been living in her parents’ apartment in tempe with zahara and her younger daughter elysiah.
the one serious problem was the lack of that pool fence. before the family moved in, christine asked the golba group, the property management company hired by progress to lease and maintain many of its houses, to install one. as she recalls, lacey, the property agent, left for a moment and when she returned “said they weren’t going to put it up.” christine offered to cover the cost and was informed that the family could install their own barrier, but only if it didn’t affect any of the landscaping and wasn’t fixed to any permanent structures, which to christine sounded impossible.
the next week, the family moved in, increasingly nervous about the fenceless backyard, especially since they were unsure what steps they could legally take as renters. christine’s father began collecting wood to build a barrier on the patio and the family agreed on a safety plan: both front and back doors were to remain locked at all times, and multiple adults had to supervise the children if they were outside. christine says she called the company another time to ask for a fence, again offering to cover the cost.
golba claims it has no record of these requests. lacey (who declined to share her last name) said she doesn’t remember the cedillos, no less whether they requested a fence. “if you knew the amount of properties we had,” she told me by phone. “it was over a year ago.”
the private equity business model
global private equity firms have not been, historically, in the business of dealing with pool fences and the other hassles of maintaining single-family houses. but following the housing market collapse, the idea of buying a ton of these foreclosed properties suddenly made sense, at least to investors. such private-equity purchases were to make money in three ways: buying cheap and waiting for the houses to gain value as the market bounced back; renting them out and collecting monthly rental payments; and promoting a financial product known as “rental-backed securities,” similar to the infamous mortgage-backed securities that triggered the housing meltdown of 2007-2008. even though the buying of the private equity firms has finally slowed, economists (including those at the federal reserve) have expressed concern about the possibility that someday those rental-backed securities could even destabilize — translation: crash — the broader market.
since wall street was overwhelmingly responsible for the original collapse of the housing market, many have characterized these new purchases as a land grab. in many ways, progress ceo donald mullen is the poster-child for this argument. an investment banker who enjoyed a brief flurry of fame after losing a bidding war to alec baldwin at an art auction, he was the leader of a team at goldman sachs that orchestrated an infamous bet against the housing market. known as “the big short,” it allowed that company to make “some serious money“ when the economy melted down, according to mullen’s own emails. (they were released by the senate permanent subcommittee on investigations in 2010.) as kevin roose ofnew york magazine has written, “a guy whose most famous trade was a successful bet on the full-scale implosion of the housing market is now swooping in to pick up the pieces on the other end.”
a child’s death
unlike her cousin jesus, two-year-old zahara was afraid of the pool. she was much more likely to be found dancing in front of the television, or eating vegetables, which were — to her family’s surprise — her favorite food. she loved ketchup, and once disgusted her aunt brenda by dipping her entire hand into the ketchup bowl at a restaurant and licking the condiment off her fingers. describing herself as someone who “loves firsts,” christine saved everything about her daughter’s life from her positive pregnancy test to the certificate she received for volunteering at zahara’s early head start program.
tod stewart, christine cedillo’s lawyer, remembers being shocked by the number of keepsakes the family had collected over zahara’s short life. “i asked her for some pictures of zahara,” stewart told me, “and christine sent me 1,200 photos.”
about a week before zahara’s death, christine reached out to her daughter’s head start teacher to inquire about swimming lessons. the girl still showed an extreme aversion to the pool, but christine wanted to be careful. that birthday party weekend was, according to family members, the moment when her fear of the water must have evaporated, because that following wednesday, while christine was at work and zahara was at home recovering from a fever with her grandmother olga, the toddler crawled out through a doggie door and found her way into the pool.
“i literally went into shock,” says christine after she got a call from olga at the subway outlet where she and brenda worked. “i took off my apron and sped off to the hospital.”
multiple violations
as far as legal liability goes, arizona pool laws are not very complicated.
if a property is out of compliance with city or state codes, the responsibility for possible injuries or death, such as a drowning, falls on the owner of the property — especially when the injured party is a minor. reviewing photos of the west camino house taken by the police and investigators, doug dieker, a personal injury lawyer in scottsdale, explained that the place was clearly “in violation of city code.”
if an interior fence around a pool is lacking, city code requires one of three precautions: the doors with pool access need to be self-latching and self-closing; there needs to be a power cover for the pool; or there needs to be audible alarms on all the doors. none of these three things existed at the house at the time of the drowning, according to both photo evidence and testimony from the family.
dieker, who has worked on a similar wrongful death case in which a 16-month-old child drowned in a pool in neighboring glendale after crawling through a doggie door, explained, “anytime you rent to a family with small children, the duty under arizona law is that the landlord needs to take the precautions of a reasonably prudent person.”
as he reviewed the photos, he added, “the outside fence is in violation of city code, also.”
not “traditionally correct” practices
when christine arrived at the hospital, zahara was hooked up to a breathing tube and her stomach was dramatically inflated. javier, who works in construction, was out of town on a job. christine called to tell him to come home, now. the doctors informed her that even if they could get zahara to breathe again, she would have suffered serious brain damage. christine said she just wanted her daughter alive, so the doctors continued trying to resuscitate her.
“they were pressing and pressing on her and i said, ‘just leave her alone,’” was how christine described her daughter’s final moments. “we said a prayer and the priest blessed her body and i just fell on the floor and started crying.”
the family returned from the hospital and began a nine-day mourning period, but christine didn’t stay idle for long. brenda remembers that her sister almost immediately began attending to the preparations for her daughter’s funeral. in the process, as christine tells it, she called golba to let the company know what had happened. rather than receive condolences, she was told to submit a police report.
christine began researching the city building codes and laws on the subject, only to find herself shuttled from one agency to the next. “on the city of chandler website, i looked up code enforcement,” she recalled. “i called a couple of times. it was very confusing; when i called code, they said to call [the department of] buildings. and when i called buildings, they told me to call code.”
finally she went down to the code office and told one of the inspectors how her daughter had died. she wanted to know if there was a violation at the house and, if so, how to report it. the inspector took her number and scheduled a time to come inspect the house. instead, he called back that afternoon and left a voicemail suggesting that christine call the department of buildings. when she recounted the exchange with golba and the frustration with the city to the funeral director at zahara’s service, christine was advised to find herself a lawyer.
in a phone interview, scott golba, cofounder of the golba group, claimed that issues like drownings or code violations are not common at the investor-owned homes his company has managed. (pool drownings in maricopa county, it should be noted, are remarkably common; 10 children have drowned there so far in 2014, according to children’s safety first.)
golba did, however, suggest that progress’s need to achieve a high rate of returns for its investors had brought a financial pressure previously unheard of to the single-family rental market. “institutional owners want to know, ‘how much money did i make on every single square foot? how much money did i have to put in capital wise, and how much money did i make on that capital?’… it’s all about spreadsheets when it comes to institutional owners.”
for progress and other institutional investors, so far the returns on their single-family rental homes haven’t always proved to be a happily-ever-after story. last summer, another private equity firm, american homes 4 rent, fired a number of its employees after posting losses. in february, data showed that the rents blackstone was collecting from 3,207 houses that together made up the collateral for the first-ever “rental-backed security” had declined by 7.6%. “single-family landlords have struggled to turn a profit while acquiring homes faster than they can fill them with tenants,” bloomberg news reported last august.
scott golba explained that sometimes this gap between anticipated profits and actual ones led companies like progress to skirt the rules to increase returns. “initially they have to sell to their stockholders a certain dollar amount, and if it doesn’t come to that, when everything’s said and done, if they can’t make that much money out of the home, they have to explain that to their stockholders or the bank they lend to.”
“on the negative side,” he continued, “they’ll try to raise the rents or do something that isn’t traditionally correct to save money — or i should say, to make more money out of the property.”
the fence
in the spring, while christine and javier were still coping with their grief, the cedillos moved out. “we’ve got to learn to live without her for the rest of our lives,” christine told me.
zahara’s death affected other family members as well. olga remained heartbroken, while brenda felt the stress of keeping the family together, even as she held down a full-time job, finished her junior year of college, and cared for jesus, who grew increasingly withdrawn and angry at school. at the cemetery, christine remembers the six-year-old exclaiming, “it’s just so stupid! why couldn’t they just put up a fence?”
in fact, more than three months after the drowning, progress did finally approve and pay for the installation of a fence at the house. but even that didn’t go according to plan because the fence was initially installed next door, at 1461 west camino court. (that home’s owner, michael hoard, remembers returning home to find an unexpected barrier in his backyard. “i got back saturday, went outside, and there was a pool fence that i hadn’t asked to be installed. two or three days later, i got back from work and it was gone.”)
christine and jesus are now preparing to file a wrongful death suit against progress. so far, they’ve refused to put down a dollar amount on the compensation they would accept. instead, they want to see local laws enacted that would require institutional investors like progress to have their houses inspected to ensure that they are in compliance with local ordinances. “i just want this not to happen to someone else,” said christine. employees from progress’s scottsdale office did not return repeated requests for comment.
rob call, a graduate student in the department of urban planning at mit, has researched institutional investor homes in atlanta. what he’s found is that the sort of vulnerability experienced by the cedillos is a distinguishing feature of the wave of private-equity ownership. “i see it as a business model that is anti-community control.” he sees the logic behind the private equity push into the rental market — essentially using housing as a “wealth extraction tool” from communities — as similar to the one lenders and mortgage companies employed in the years leading up to the 2007-2008 crash.
“if wall street is involved and willing to dump $20 billion into something, it’s because they think they can, and they plan on making a bunch of money on it,” he says. “last time they got involved in housing, that’s exactly what they did. and then everything came crashing down.”
in the meantime, the cedillos tend to a grave instead of a child, sad proof of what might be called “rental-backed insecurity” in a new american housing world.
tomdispatch regular laura gottesdiener is a journalist and the author of a dream foreclosed: black america and the fight for a place to call home. she is an editor for waging nonviolence and has written for playboy, al jazeera america, rollingstone.com, ms., the huffington post, and other publications.
follow tomdispatch on twitter and join us on facebook and tumblr. check out the newest dispatch book, rebecca solnit’s men explain things to me.copyright 2014 laura gottesdiener
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ˈæftər ˈnɪrli ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ ˈgræʤəˌweɪt frəm ˈbeɪˌsaɪd ɪn ðə ˈgrɪpɪŋ ˈsɪriz fəˈnæli əv seɪvd baɪ ðə bɛl, zæk ˈmɔrɪs kənˈfɛst tɪ hɪz frɛndz ˈkɛli, ˈlisə ənd ˈʤɛsi ðət hi hæd bɪn ækˈsɛptɪd ˌjunəˈvərsəti. tˈwɛnti jɪrz ˈleɪtər, həz əbˈteɪnd ðə ˈɛˌseɪ ðət gɑt zæk ˈɪntu jeɪl: ˈɛˌseɪ kˈwɛʃən: pɪk ən ɪkˈspɪriəns frəm jʊr oʊn laɪf ənd ɪkˈspleɪn haʊ ɪt ˈɪnfluənst jʊr dɪˈvɛləpmənt. dɪr jeɪl ˌjunəˈvərsəti ədˈmɪʃən bɔrd: ɛz ə ˈstudənt æt ðə pərˈstiʤəs ˈbeɪˌsaɪd haɪ, aɪv hæd ə ˈplɛθərə əv ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ðət hæv ʃeɪpt hu aɪ æm. bət ðə moʊst ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl? ˈðætɪd bi ðə taɪm aɪ traɪd tɪ skɔr ə swit dil fər maɪ ˈfɛloʊ ˈbeɪˌsaɪd ˈsinjərz ɔn ɑr klæs rɪŋz, ənd ˈlændɪd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ɪn səm ˈskɔldɪŋ hɑt ˈwɔtər. taɪm aʊt! ðɪs ˈstɔriz ˈgɑnə rɑk ðə sɑks ɔf ðoʊz jeɪl stɪfs, noʊ problemo*. ˈbɛtər pæk səm ˈgroʊsəriz əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðɪs ˈɛˌseɪ, bɪˈkəz ɪts ɪn. ðə. bæg. taɪm ɪn! ɪt ɔl ˈstɑrtɪd wɪn aɪ ˈkɑnˌtæktɪd ə rɪŋ ˈseɪlzmən baɪ ðə neɪm əv ʤɛm ˈdaɪmənd. ʤɛm wɑz ə ˈʃeɪdi ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl, noʊ kˈwɛʃən. bət hɪrz ðə θɪŋ: ʤɛm ˈprɑməst hid gɪv mi maɪ klæs rɪŋ fri əv ʧɑrʤ, ənd zæk ˈmɔrɪs ˈɔlˌweɪz lʊks aʊt fər ˈnəmbər wən. taɪm aʊt! ˈmeɪbi aɪ ˈʃʊdəv ʃɛrd əˈnəðər ɪkˈspɪriəns. laɪk ðə taɪm ˈmɪstər. kul ˈjəŋgər ˈbrəðər ˈɔfərd tɪ teɪk mi ənd ˈkɛli ənd ˈʤɛsi ɔn ə ˈræftɪŋ trɪp. ər ðə taɪm aɪ gɑt ə feɪk ˈaɪˈdi tɪ goʊ aʊt ˈdænsɪŋ wɪθ ˈkɑlɪʤ gərlz. taɪm ɪn! soʊ ʤɛm dɪˈlɪvərd ðə rɪŋz, ənd ˈɛvəri ˈbeɪˌsaɪd ˈtaɪgər wɑz stoʊkt. ðeɪ wər ˈmɛgə əˈfɔrdəbəl! ðə ˈoʊnli ˈprɑbləm wɑz ðət ðeɪ tərnd ˈɛvriˌwənz rɪŋ ˈfɪŋgər ə sˈlaɪmi grin ˈkələr. ðə rɪŋz wər meɪd əv feɪk goʊld! taɪm aʊt! ðɪs ɪz ˈtɛrəbəl. aɪ ˈʃʊdəv peɪd skriʧ tɪ raɪt maɪ ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈɛˌseɪ, laɪk sˈleɪtər ənd ˈlisə dɪd. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ɪt filz laɪk aɪ hæv ə saɪd dɪʃ fər breɪnz. mæʃt pəˈteɪtoʊz, ðət ɪz. taɪm ɪn! ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈbeɪˌsaɪd ˈsinjər klæs ˈwɔntɪd tɪ rɪŋ maɪ nɛk. soʊ aɪ dɪˈvaɪzd ə plæn tɪ ˈrɪgəl maɪ weɪ aʊt əv ðə ʤæm. aɪ ˌɛnˈlɪstɪd sˈleɪtər, maɪ ˈbədi, tɪ ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt ʤɛm ˈdaɪmənd ˈɪntu bɪˈkəmɪŋ maɪ ˈbɪznɪs ˈpɑrtnər. ðɛn aɪ meɪd ˈtɔri, maɪ ˈgərlˌfrɛnd, trɪk skriʧ, ɑr pæl, ˈɪntu ˈfɑlɪŋ ɪn ləv wɪθ hər. ʃi koʊərst skriʧ tɪ gɪt riˈvɛnʤ ɔn ʤɛm fər ˈsɛlɪŋ hər ə feɪk rɪŋ. skriʧ əˈblaɪʤd. hi drɛst əp laɪk ə kərˈɑti ˈsɛnˌseɪ, ənd prəˈsidəd tɪ (priˈtɛnd) bit əp mi ənd sˈleɪtər fər ˈgɪtɪŋ ɪn kəˈhuts wɪθ ðə ˈrɑtən rɪŋ ˈseɪlzmən. ɑr ˈgiki frɛndz ˈʤuˌdoʊ muvz ˈtɛrəˌfaɪd ʤɛm, hu sɛd, "aɪl du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ nɑt tɪ gɪt pənʧt baɪ skriʧ! hir ər jʊr klæs rɪŋz meɪd əv ril goʊld ðɪs taɪm fər fri!" ɪt wɑz ˈɔlˌmoʊst tu ˈizi. taɪm aʊt! greɪt seɪv, zæk! naʊ ðɪs laɪk ˈmæʤɪk ˈʤɑnsənz prɪˈfərd weɪ əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈbæskət ə smuð layup*. taɪm ɪn! wɪn aɪ ʤɛm ˈdaɪmənd ˈɪntu ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs klæs rɪŋz fər fri, ɪt tɔt mi ðət ju kən sˈwɪndəl ˈpipəl fər ə ˈpɑzətɪv ˈaʊtˌkəm. ðɪs ˈlɛsən rɑkt maɪ wərld. ɪt meɪd mi praʊd tɪ bi ə ˈbeɪˌsaɪd ˈtaɪgər, ənd ˈgreɪtfəl tɪ hæv səʧ frɛndz. ɪn ˈkloʊzɪŋ, aɪ ˈtruli bɪˈliv ðət wɪn ˈɛlɪhu jeɪl ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd ˈməni ənd bʊks tɪ kriˈeɪt jeɪl ˈkɑlɪʤ ɪn 1718 aɪ, zæk ˈmɔrɪs, wɑz ðə fˈjuʧər əv ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti hi ˌɪˈmæʤənd: ə ˈpɑrti ˈænəməl, huz ˈsikrɪtli ən ˈɛˌghɛd. θæŋk ju fər kənˈsɪdərɪŋ mi fər jeɪlz klæs əv 1997 ɪnˈkloʊzd jul faɪnd maɪ tu ˈlɛtərz əv ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃən: wən frəm maɪ ɛˈstimd ˈprɪnsəpəl, ˈmɪstər. rɑd ˈbɛldɪŋ, ənd ðə ˈəðər frəm mæks, ə ˈfəŋki məˈʤɪʃən hu ˈɔlsoʊ oʊnz ðə ˈdaɪnər wɛr mi ənd maɪ pælz hæŋ aʊt.
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after nearly failing to graduate from bayside in the gripping series finale of saved by the bell, zack morris confessed to his friends kelly, lisa and jessie that he had been accepted to...yale university. twenty years later, collegehumor has obtained the essay that got zack into yale:
essay question: pick an experience from your own life and explain how it influenced your development.
dear yale university admission board:
as a student at the prestigious bayside high, i've had a plethora of experiences that have shaped who i am. but the most influential? that'd be the time i tried to score a sweet deal for my fellow bayside seniors on our class rings, and landed myself in some scalding hot water.
time out! this story's gonna rock the socks off those yale stiffs, no problemo. better pack some groceries alongside this essay, because it's in. the. bag. time in!
it all started when i contacted a ring salesman by the name of gem diamond. gem was a shady individual, no question. but here's the thing: gem promised he'd give me my class ring free of charge, and zack morris always looks out for number one.
time out! maybe i should've shared another experience. like the time mr. belding's cool younger brother offered to take me and kelly and jessie on a rafting trip. or the time i got a fake id to go out dancing with college girls. time in!
so gem delivered the rings, and every bayside tiger was stoked. they were mega affordable! the only problem was that they turned everyone's ring finger a slimy green color. the rings were made of fake gold!
time out! this is terrible. i should've paid screech to write my college essay, like slater and lisa did. sometimes it feels like i have a thanksgiving-dinner side dish for brains. mashed potatoes, that is. time in!
the entire bayside senior class wanted to wring my neck. so i devised a plan to wriggle my way out of the jam. i enlisted slater, my muscle-bound buddy, to intimidate gem diamond into becoming my business partner. then i made tori, my girlfriend, trick screech, our nerdball pal, into falling in love with her. she coerced screech to get revenge on gem for selling her a fake ring. screech obliged. he dressed up like a karate sensei, and proceeded to (pretend) beat up me and slater for getting in cahoots with the rotten ring salesman. our geeky friend's judo moves terrified gem, who said, "i'll do anything not to get punched by screech! here are your class rings - made of real gold this time - for free!" it was almost too easy.
time out! great save, zack! now this essay's like magic johnson's preferred way of making a basket - a smooth layup. time in!
when i bamboozled gem diamond into giving us real-gold class rings for free, it taught me that you can swindle people for a positive outcome. this lesson rocked my world. it made me proud to be a bayside tiger, and grateful to have such mega-cool friends.
in closing, i truly believe that when elihu yale donated money and books to create yale college in 1718, i, zack morris, was the future of the university he imagined: a too-cool-for-school party animal, who's secretly an egghead.
thank you for considering me for yale's class of 1997. enclosed you'll find my two letters of recommendation: one from my esteemed principal, mr. rod belding, and the other from max, a funky magician who also owns the diner where me and my pals hang out.
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ə ˈfɪrləs ənd ˈærəb juθ frəm ˈnæzərɪθ, moʊˈhæmɪd, hu geɪnd feɪm ɛz ə "ˈməzlɪm ˈzaɪənɪst" ənd həz hæd tɪ goʊ ˈəndərˌgraʊnd bɪˈkəz əv dɛθ θrɛts, həz rɪˈkɔrdɪd ənd ˈəˌploʊdɪd ə ˈpaʊərfəl nu ˈvɪdioʊ ˈmɛsɪʤ dɪˈrɛktɪd æt hɪz ˈrɛlətɪv,. "ɛz ju noʊ," hi sɪz ɪn ðə ˈvɪdioʊ ˈmɛsɪʤ, wɪʧ hi ɪn θri ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz, "wi hæv ə ˈtɛrərɪst səˈpɔrtər ɪn ɑr ˈpɑrləmɛnt.... ʃi həz kɔld mi ə ˈstupɪd bɔɪ wɪθ ə tˈwɪstɪd aɪˈdɛntəˌti hu filz ə kənˈtɪnjuəs nid tɪ əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz fər hɪz strɔŋ ˈmæstərz. "wət aɪ hæv tɪ seɪ tɪ hər ɪz lʊk, sˈwiti. ju ər ə ˈtreɪtər hu ɪz ˈrudli ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn ɑr ˈpɑrləmɛnt ənd biɪŋ ˈoʊpənli ˌɪnˈsaɪd ɑr ˈpɑrləmɛnt., ju ər ən əˈbjuzər əv ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈsɪstəm əv ˈɪzriəl., ju doʊnt bɪˈlɔŋ ɪn ˈɪzriəl. "lʊk, wi hæv wən ˌɪzˈreɪli ˈpɑrləmɛnt ənd ðə ˈærəb wərld həz 22 ˈærəb ˈpɑrləˌmɛnts. soʊ, ɪf ju ər nɑt ən ˌɪzˈreɪli ənd ju doʊnt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ˈjuˈɛs ɛz ˌɪzˈreɪliz, ju ər mɔr ðən ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd tɪ gɪt ðə hɛl aʊt əv hir. ju kən ʤɪst flaɪ ənd gɪt aʊt əv hir. ɪf ju ər nɑt ən ˌɪzˈreɪli, ju hæv noʊ raɪt tɪ bi ɪn ɑr ˌɪzˈreɪli ˈpɑrləmɛnt, bɪˈkəz ɪn ðə ˌɪzˈreɪli ˈpɑrləmɛnt ðɛr ər ˈoʊnli ˌɪzˈreɪli ˈpɑrləmɛnt ˈmɛmbərz. ənd wi wɪl si haʊ jul bi ˈtritɪd ðɛr, ɛz ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈwʊmən. ˈəpˌdeɪt mi, ˈhəni., aɪ æm dɪˈklɛrɪŋ ðət aɪ hæv ə ˈsəmər veɪˈkeɪʃən, ənd aɪ æm ˈrɛdi tɪ wərk soʊ aɪ kən gɪt ju ðə ˈməni tɪ liv ˈɪzriəl. ˈsɪmpli, wi doʊnt nid ˈtreɪtərz ɪn ɑr ˈpɑrləmɛnt. wəns, toʊld ju 'goʊ tɪ ˈgɑzə, ju ˈtreɪtər.' gɪt ðə hɛl aʊt əv ˈɪzriəl. frəm moʊˈhɑmɛd: wi ˈdɛfənətli doʊnt nid ˈtreɪtərz ˌɪnˈsaɪd ɑr ˈpɑrləmɛnt." (balad*) rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ ənd ˈvɪdioʊz baɪ seɪɪŋ ðət steɪt əv ˈɪzriəl həz treɪnd ɪm ˈɪntu oʊˈbidiəns. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz, ðə əˈprɛst aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪz wɪθ ðə əˈprɛsər bɪˈkəz hi læks praɪd ənd pəˈlɪtɪkəl awareness.”*.” "hiz frəm ə dɪˈvɔrst ˈfæməli," ʃi snɪft. "hɪz ˈməðər naʊ lɪvz ɪn ˈnæzərɪθ illit*, wɛr hi ˈstədiz æt ə ʤuɪʃ skul." "hiz sˈlizi," ʃi kənˈtɪnjud. "hiz dɪˈstɔrtɪd hɪz aɪˈdɛntəˌti." mʊˈhɑməd wɑz ənˈfeɪzd baɪ səʧ ˈsteɪtmənts ənd vaʊz tɪ wɪθ ðə ʤuɪʃ ˈpipəl ənˈtɪl ðə læst deɪ əv maɪ life.”*.”
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a fearless and independent-minded arab youth from nazareth, mohammed zoabi, who gained fame as a self-declared "muslim zionist" and has had to go underground because of death threats, has recorded and uploaded a powerful new video message directed at his relative, mk hanin zoabi.
"as you know," he says in the video message, which he declaims in three languages, "we have a terrorist supporter in our parliament... hanin zoabi. she has called me aupid boy with a twisted identity who feels a continuous need to apologize for hisrong masters.
"what i have to say to her is – hanin zoabi – look, sweetie. you are a traitor who is rudely sitting in our parliament and being openly anti-semitic inside our parliament. hanin zoabi, you are an abuser of the democratic system of israel. hanin zoabi, you don't belong in israel.
"look, we have one israeli parliament and the arab world has 22 arab parliaments. so, if you are not an israeli and you don't represent us as israelis, you are more than invited to get the hell out of here. you can just fly and get out of here. if you are not an israeli, you have no right to be in our israeli parliament, because in the israeli parliament there are only israeli parliament members. and we will see how you'll be treated there, as a single 45-year-old woman. update me, honey.
"hanin zoabi, i am declaring that i have a summer vacation, and i am ready to work so i can get you the money to leave israel. simply, we don't need traitors in our parliament. once, miri regev told you – 'go to gaza, you traitor.' get the hell out of israel. from mohammad zoabi: we definitely don't need traitors inside our parliament."
mk zoabi (balad) responded to mohammad's pro-israel facebook page and videos by saying that “theate of israel has trained him into obedience. sometimes, the oppressed identifies with the oppressor because he lacks pride and political awareness.”
"he's from a divorced family," she sniffed. "his mother now lives in nazareth illit, where heudies at a jewish school."
"he's sleazy," she continued. "he's distorted his identity."
muhammad was unfazed by suchatements and vows to “stand with the jewish people until the last day of my life.”
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ʤɔɪn ˈjuˈɛs ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, meɪ 28 æt ðə ˈlɛsli bɑrnz ˈmeɪntənəns ənd ˈstɔrɪʤ fəˈsɪlɪti fər dɔrz ˈoʊpən pərˈzɛnəd baɪ greɪt gəlf. fər ðə fərst taɪm ˈɛvər, ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪŋ ðə ˈpəblɪk tɪ teɪk ə pik bɪˈhaɪnd ðə dɔrz əv ðə bɑrnz, ɑr nuəst fəˈsɪlɪti. kəm baɪ fər ə tʊr ɔn ðə nu ˈstritˌkɑr ənd ʧɛk aʊt ðə ˌɛvəˈluʃən əv ɪn ðə ˈsɪti θru ɑr ˌɪnərˈæktɪv ˈviɪkəl dɪˈspleɪ! ðɛr wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈʧɪldrənz ækˈtɪvɪtiz, mˈjuzɪk ənd rəˈfrɛʃmənts fər ˈpərʧəs ɪn səˈpɔrt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd weɪ. wɪn: ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, meɪ 28 frəm 10 a.m*. tɪ 5 p.m*. wɛr: ˈlɛsli bɑrn ˈmeɪntənəns ənd ˈstɔrɪʤ fəˈsɪlɪti 1165 ˈleɪkˌʃɔr ˈbʊləˌvɑrd. i. (ˈɛnər frəm ðə ˈlɛsli strit ənd kəˈmɪʃənərz /nɔrθ ˈsərvɪs ˌɪntərˈsɛkʃən, saʊθ əv leɪk ʃɔr ˈbʊləˌvɑrd) haʊ: plæn jʊr trɪp. ju kən teɪk ðə 83 ʤoʊnz bəs saʊθ frəm ˈsteɪʃən ər ðə 501 kwin ˈstritˌkɑr, ˈɛksət æt ˈlɛsli ənd wɔk saʊθ. əˈbaʊt dɔrz ˈoʊpən ðə ˈænjuəl dɔrz ˈoʊpən tərˈɑntoʊ pərˈzɛnəd baɪ greɪt gəlf rɪˈtərnz ˈɔfərɪŋ fri ənd rɛr ˈækˌsɛs tɪ mɔr ðən 130 ˌɑrkɪˈtɛkʧərəli, hɪˈstɔrɪkəli, ˈkəlʧərəˌli ənd ˈsoʊʃəli sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈbɪldɪŋz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈsɪti. ðə dɔrz ˈoʊpən tərˈɑntoʊ 2016 θim əv re-used*, ənd rɪˈvaɪzd wɪl ɪkˈsplɔr ðə əˈdæptɪv əv ˈbɪldɪŋz θruaʊt tərˈɑntoʊz ˌɑrkəˈtɛkʧərəl ˈhɪstəri.
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join us on saturday, may 28 at the ttc’s leslie barns maintenance and storage facility for doors open presented by great gulf. for the first time ever, we’re inviting the public to take a peek behind the doors of the barns, our newest ttc facility.
come by for a tour on the new streetcar and check out the evolution of streetcars in the city through our interactive ttc vehicle display! there will also be children's activities, music and refreshments for purchase in support of the united way.
when:
saturday, may 28 from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
where:
leslie barn maintenance and storage facility
1165 lakeshore blvd. e.
(enter from the leslie street and commissioners st /north service rd intersection, south of lake shore blvd)
how:
plan your trip. you can take the 83 jones bus south from donlands station or the 501 queen streetcar, exit at leslie st and walk south.
about doors open
the 17th annual doors open toronto presented by great gulf returns offering free and rare access to more than 130 architecturally, historically, culturally and socially significant buildings across the city.
the doors open toronto 2016 theme of re-used, re-visited and revised will explore the adaptive re-use of buildings throughout toronto's architectural history.
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ðə sɪmz geɪm ˈsɪriz həz ˈtɪpɪkəli ˈɔfərd ə rɪˈdɪkjələs ˈnəmbər əv ˈɔpʃənz fər haʊ ɪts ˈvərʧuəl ˈdɛnəzənz lɪv, wərk, pleɪ, ənd ɪt həz ˈnɛvər ʃaɪd əˈweɪ frəm pəˈlɪtɪkəl ɪn ðə "ləv" ˈkætəˌgɔri. ðə ˈoʊnli ˈmeɪʤər ɪkˈsɛpʃən æt ðɪs pɔɪnt həz bɪn ə dɪˌlɪniˈeɪʃən bɪtˈwin ðə ˈsɪriz' θri taɪps əv sims—men*, ˈwɪmən, ənd tərmz əv ˈkɛrɪktər ˈrɛndərɪŋ. ðət ʧeɪnʤd ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ wɪθ ən əˈfɪʃəl ənˈlɑkɪŋ əv ðə sɪmz ˈɔpʃənz tɪ ɔl ˈgroʊˌnəp sɪmz. ˈvɔɪsɪz, ˈwɔkɪŋ staɪlz, ˈkloʊðɪŋ, ækˈsɛsəriz, ənd kən naʊ bi əˈplaɪd tɪ mɛn ənd ˈwɪmən ˌhaʊˈɛvər ˈjuzərz si fɪt. "ðə sɪmz ɪz meɪd baɪ ə dɪˈvərs tim fər ə dɪˈvərs ˈɔdiəns, ənd ɪts ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ðət pleɪərz ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ bi kriˈeɪtɪv ənd ɪkˈsprɛs ðɛmˈsɛlvz θru ɑr geɪmz," ˈmæksiz sɛd ɪn ɪts əˈnaʊnsmɛnt poʊst. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈɔlsoʊ meɪd ə ˈsteɪtmənt tɪ ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs ðət wɑz ˈmaɪndfəl əv ˈpɑpjələr, ˈriˌllaɪf ˈfæʃən ˈʧɔɪsɪz: "ˈfiˌmeɪl sɪmz kən [naʊ] wɛr ʃɑrp mɛnz suts laɪk ˈɛlən [dɪʤɪˈnɛrɛs], ənd meɪl sɪmz kən wɛr hilz laɪk prɪns." ˈfərðər ˈrɛdɪŋ ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ fɪks blɑk ɔn geɪ neɪm ˈʃɛrɪŋ ɪn ðə sɪmz 4 fænz' pæst kəmˈpleɪnts. assumedly*, praɪər geɪmz' ˈmɑdəlz əv boʊθ ˈkɛrɪktərz ənd əˈtæʧt ˈæˌsɛts wər bɪlt ɪn səʧ ə weɪ ɛz tɪ ˌrikˈwaɪər mɔr ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd riˈbɪldz əv θɪŋz laɪk ˈaʊtˌfɪts. ðoʊ wi kænt bi ʃʊr ɪf ðət tʊk soʊ lɔŋ du tɪ ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈrizənz, wi əˈsum ɪt wɑz nɑt fər pəˈlɪtɪkəl wənz du tɪ ˈmæksiz' ˈhɪstəri əv səˈpɔrtɪŋ sɪmz ˈɔpʃənz laɪk geɪ riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps ənd geɪ ˈlændɪd ðə geɪmz ˈleɪtəst ˈɛntri ən "adults-only*" ˈreɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈrəʃə wɪn ɪt lɔnʧt ðɛr ɪn 2014 ˈpɛrənt ˈkəmpəˌni həz hæd ə ˈprɪti lɔŋ ˈhɪstəri əv ˈɔfərɪŋ ˈʤɛndər ənd ˌsɛkʃuˈæləti ˈʧɔɪsɪz fər ɪts ˈəðər geɪmz' ˈhɪroʊz ɛz wɛl. ðə ˈmæksiz ˈsteɪtmənt wɑz ˈkɛrfəl nɑt tɪ ˈfʊli ˈɛnər əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈleɪtəst pəˈlɪtɪkəl dəˈbeɪt baɪ ˈmɛnʃənɪŋ ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ə ˈʤɛndər ˈaʊˈtraɪt, wɪʧ stɪl rikˈwaɪərz ə trɪk tɪ əˈkɑmplɪʃ.
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the sims game series has typically offered a ridiculous number of options for how its virtual denizens live, work, play, and love—and it has never shied away from political blowback in the "love" category. the only major exception at this point has been a delineation between the series' three types of sims—men, women, and children—in terms of 3d character rendering.
that changed on thursday with an official unlocking of the sims 4's customization options to all grown-up sims. voices, walking styles, clothing, accessories, and physiques can now be applied to men and women however users see fit.
"the sims is made by a diverse team for a diverse audience, and it's really important to us that players are able to be creative and express themselves through our games," maxis said in its announcement post. the company also made a statement to the associated press that was mindful of popular, real-life fashion choices: "female sims can [now] wear sharp men's suits like ellen [degeneres], and male sims can wear heels like prince."
further reading ea working to fix block on gay name sharing in the sims 4 fans' past complaints. assumedly, prior games' 3d models of both characters and attached assets were built in such a way as to require more complicated gender-swap rebuilds of things like outfits.
though we can't be sure if that cross-gender customization took so long due to technical reasons, we assume it was not for political ones due to maxis' history of supporting sims options like gay relationships and gay marriage—which landed the game's latest entry an "adults-only" rating in russia when it launched there in 2014. parent company ea has had a pretty long history of offering gender and sexuality choices for its other games' heroes as well.
the maxis statement was careful not to fully enter america's latest political debate by mentioning changing a sim's gender outright, which still requires a console-based trick to accomplish.
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fər jɪrz, əˈstrɑnəmərz hæv bɪn ˈpəzəld baɪ ə kˈwɑndəri noʊn ɛz ðə ˈgloʊbəl ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈprɑbləm, wɪʧ ˈstrəgəlz tɪ pɪn daʊn ðə ˈwɛrəˌbaʊts əv ˌənəˈkaʊntɪd fər ˈmætər ɪn ðə ˈjunəˌvərs. soʊ wɛr həz ɔl ðə ˈmætər gɔn? ˈsaɪəntɪsts meɪ hæv ʤɪst ˈfɪgjərd ɪt aʊt. əˈstrɑnəmərz æt ðə ˈkɑmənˌwɛlθ ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ənd ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈrisərʧ ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz ˈkɑmpækt əreɪ ˈsteɪʃən ɪn ˈistərn ɔˈstreɪljə hæv rɪˈpɔrtədli meɪd ə ˌdɪˈskəvri. ˈjuzɪŋ ˈkɑmpækt əreɪ ˈtɛləˌskoʊps ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ˈɑnˈsaɪt, saɪəns rɪˈpɔrts ðət ˈrisərʧərz meɪ hæv ənˈkəvərd "ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl" ˈɛntɪtiz soʊ lɑrʤ ðət ðeɪ kʊd strɛʧ ðə lɛŋθ əv speɪs ɪt teɪks ərθ tɪ meɪk ə fʊl roʊˈteɪʃən əraʊnd ðə sən. ðə ˈɛntɪtiz ər ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ðə ˌkɑnstəˈleɪʃən, ənd ðə ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈmætər ˈsaɪəntɪsts hæv bɪn ˈsərʧɪŋ fər kʊd bi kənˈteɪnd wɪˈθɪn ðɛm. ɪn ə ˈθərzˌdeɪ prɛs riˈlis, əˈstrɑnəmər ˈdɑktər. kiθ ˈbænɪstər sɛd ðə "ləmps" kʊd ˈdræstɪkli riˈʃeɪp haʊ wi ˌəndərˈstænd haʊ gæs ɪgˈzɪsts ɪn ɑr ˈgæləksi. "ðeɪ kʊd ˈrædɪkli ʧeɪnʤ aɪˈdiəz əˈbaʊt ðɪs ˌɪntərˈstɛlər gæs, wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈgæləksiz stɑr riˈsaɪkəlɪŋ ˈdipoʊ, ˈhaʊzɪŋ məˈtɪriəl frəm oʊld stɑrz ðət wɪl bi ˈɪntu nu wənz," ˈbænɪstər sɛd. "ləmps ɪn ðɪs gæs wərk laɪk ˈlɛnzɪz, ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ ənd ðə ˈreɪdiˌoʊ weɪvz, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɛm əˈpɪr tɪ ˈstrɛŋθən ənd ˈwikən ˈoʊvər ə ˈpɪriəd əv deɪz, wiks ər mənθs." ðə ˈmɪlki weɪ mɔr əˈstrɑnəmərz bɪˈliv ðət ðiz ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl speɪs ˈɛntɪtiz ɪgˈzɪst səm ˈlaɪˌtjɪrz əˈweɪ, ðoʊ ðə ʃeɪp əv ðə ləmps rɪˈmeɪn ənˈnoʊn fər naʊ. "wi kʊd bi ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ə flæt ʃit, ɛʤ ɔn," sɛd ˈdɑktər. ˈrɛnəldz, ɪn ðə riˈlis. "ər wi maɪt bi ˈlʊkɪŋ daʊn ðə ˈbɛrəl əv ə ˈhɑloʊ ˈsɪlɪndər laɪk ə ˈnudəl, ər æt ə sˈfɛrɪkəl ʃɛl laɪk ə ˈheɪzəlˌnət." ɛz ɪf ðət ˈvɪʒəwəl ˈɪzənt ɪˈnəf, ˈsaɪəntɪsts bɪˈliv ðə ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl ˈstrəkʧərz ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈmuvɪŋ æt ə spid əv 30 maɪəlz pər ˈsɛkənd. ənd ˈdɪgɪŋ ˈdipər ˈɪntu ðə ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈprɑbləm, saɪəns ɪkˈspleɪnz ðət wən ˈɛləmənt əv ðə bɪg bæŋ ˈθɪri səˈʤɛsts ðət ˈætəmz ʃʊd meɪk əp 4 əv ɔl ˈmætər ɪn ðə ˈjunəˌvərs. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈæftər ə ˈtæli əv ðə ˈmætər ˈsaɪəntɪsts kən si, ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˈmætər ɔn ˈpeɪpər ˈdəzənt æd əp tɪ 4 ðət minz ðət ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈmætər kænt bi sin.
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for years, astronomers have been puzzled by a quandary known as the global missing baryon problem, which struggles to pin down the whereabouts of unaccounted for matter in the universe. so where has all the matter gone? scientists may have just figured it out.
astronomers at the commonwealth scientific and industrial research organization's compact array station in eastern australia have reportedly made a mind-bending discovery. using compact array telescopes located onsite, ifl science reports that researchers may have uncovered "invisible" entities so large that they could stretch the length of space it takes earth to make a full rotation around the sun. the entities are located in the sagittarius constellation, and the missing matter scientists have been searching for could be contained within them.
in a thursday press release, csiro astronomer dr. keith bannister said the "lumps" could drastically reshape how we understand how gas exists in our galaxy. "they could radically change ideas about this interstellar gas, which is the galaxy's star recycling depot, housing material from old stars that will be refashioned into new ones," bannister said. "lumps in this gas work like lenses, focusing and defocusing the radio waves, making them appear to strengthen and weaken over a period of days, weeks or months."
the milky way more
astronomers believe that these invisible space entities exist some 3,000 light-years away, though the shape of the lumps remain unknown for now. "we could be looking at a flat sheet, edge on," said csiro's dr. cormac reynolds, in the release. "or we might be looking down the barrel of a hollow cylinder like a noodle, or at a spherical shell like a hazelnut."
as if that conceptional visual isn't mind-imploding enough, scientists believe the invisible structures are also moving at a speed of 30 miles per second.
and digging deeper into the missing baryon problem, ifl science explains that one element of the big bang theory suggests that atoms should make up 4% of all matter in the universe. however, after a tally of the matter scientists can see, the amount of matter on paper doesn't add up to 4%. that means that the remaining matter can't be seen.
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əˈmɛrɪkənz ər ˈfætər ðən ðeɪ juzd tɪ bi ˈɛvriˌwən noʊz ðə weɪt ɪz ˈkɔzɪŋ ˈsɪknəs ənd ˈərli dɛθ. ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ˈɪndəstri seɪ ðə paʊnz ər ˈkɔstɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs ðɪs ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən wɪl hæv ˈʃɔrtər lɪvz ðən ðɛr ˈpɛrənts ˈstədiz ʃoʊ ˈlɔŋˈtərm weɪt lɔs ɪˈlusɪv ˈdɑktərz seɪ tɪ kip traɪɪŋ ˈɛniˌweɪ dɪz ɪt ˈɛvər sim laɪk jʊr ˈhirɪŋ ðə seɪm θɪŋz əˈbaʊt weɪt ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər? ˈwɪtnəsɪŋ ðə dɪˈprɛsɪŋ ˈsaɪkəl əv feɪld ˈpəblɪk ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪvz ənd ˈfrutləs ˈpərsɪnəl ˈɛfərts tɪ trɪm ɑr, hu ˈwʊdənt wɪʃ fər ə mɔr ˈhoʊpfəl ˈæŋgəl ər səm ɔlˈtərnətɪv fækts ɔn ðə oʊld ˈstɔri? ˈfɔrʧənətli, ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv vˈjuˌpɔɪnt ɪz aʊt ðɛr, ənd ðoʊz fækts ər əˈveɪləbəl, ˈivɪn ɪf ðeɪ kən bi hɑrd tɪ hir ˈoʊvər ðə səˈsaɪɪtəl ˈklæmər əv fud fɪr ənd ˈbɑdi baɪəs. ˈgɪtɪŋ tɪ ðɪs ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən rikˈwaɪərz ˈtunɪŋ aʊt ðə laʊd "ˈɛvriˌwən noʊz" kleɪmz əˈbaʊt əˈbisəti, ʃeɪp ənd daɪət. ɪt minz kˈwɛsʧənɪŋ hɛlθ "ˈɛkspərts" hu ðɛmˈsɛlvz hæv feɪld tɪ kˈwɛʃən. ɪt rikˈwaɪərz əˈdɑptɪŋ ə nu, mɔr ˈskɛptɪkəl ˈmæntrə, laɪk ðə wən wi juz ɪn ðə ˈmuvmənt noʊn ɛz hɛlθ æt ˈɛvəri size* (haes*). "ʃoʊ mi ðə ˈdætə," wi dɪˈmænd, ənd ju ʃʊd, tu. ˈædvəˌkeɪts ˌɪnˈklud ˈsaɪəntɪsts, ˈdɑktərz, ˈθɛrəpɪsts, ˌdaɪəˈtɪʃənz, ˈfɪtnəs prəˈfɛʃənəlz, ənd ˈraɪtərz, əˈməŋ ˈəðərz. ɪf mɔr ˈdɑktərz, ˈʤərnəlɪsts ənd ˈpəblɪk əˈfɪʃəlz wər tɪ sik ðɛr ˈwɪzdəm, ðeɪ wʊd du lɛs hɑrm, seɪv tæks ˈdɔlərz, ənd hɛlp ˈpipəl lɪv ˈlɔŋgər, ˈhɛlθiər ənd ˈbɛtər. aɪ si ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈɛvəri deɪ ðət ʃoʊz ðət ɑr əbˈsɛʃən ˈoʊvər ˈbɑdi fæt ɪz ə ˈkɔstli, ˈkrɪpəlɪŋ θrɛt tɪ hɛlθ ənd ˌwɛlˈbiɪŋ. aɪ ruˈtinli ˈtæli ðə kɔsts ˈmɛdɪkəl, ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ənd ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl- əv ðə wɔr ɔn əˈbisəti ənd ðə kəˈmərʃəl ˈʤəgərˌnɔt ɪt səˈpɔrts snæks! daɪət pɪlz! ˈsɛnərz wɛr ˈkəstəmərz ˈɔlˌweɪz kəm bæk!). ənd aɪ ˈkɑndəkt ˈrisərʧ ənd raɪt ˈɑrtɪkəlz səˈpɔrtɪŋ ðə ˈpɛrəˌdaɪm wɪθ fækts, rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ ˈɛvriˌwən noʊz ˈsteɪtmənts wɪθ wət ɪz ˈtruli noʊn əˈbaʊt ðə ˈminɪŋ əv ˈbɑdi weɪt. ðə ˈɛvədəns ˈdɛmənˌstreɪts ðət fæt ˈɪzənt ðə ˈbʊgiˌmæn ɪts meɪd aʊt tɪ bi, ənd ðət ə ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn hɛlθ ˈhæbəts, ˈrəðər ðən weɪt, əˈkɑmplɪʃɪz ðə ˈvɛri goʊlz kəˈlɛktɪv ˈθɪnɪs ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ əˈʧiv (ɪf ɪt wər ˈpɑsəbəl ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs). kəmˈpɛrd tɪ kənˈtroʊl grups əv ˈpipəl ɔn weɪt lɔs ˈproʊˌgræmz, ˈpipəl hu əkˈsɛpt ðɛmˈsɛlvz ənd ðɛr ˈbɑdiz ɛz ðeɪ ər tɛnd tɪ ˈɛksərˌsaɪz mɔr ənd it ˈbɛtər. ðeɪ du ˈbɛtər ˈmɛdɪkəli, ɔn bləd ˈprɛʃər, kəˈlɛstərˌɔl, ˈɪnsələn ˌsɛnsɪˈtɪvɪti ənd ˈsɪmələr ˈmɛʒərz, ənd fil ˈhæpiər ɪn ðə lɔŋ rən. ðeɪ əˈdɑpt ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ˈhæbəts. ənd gɛs wɪʧ grup weɪz lɛs, tu jɪrz aʊt? ˈniðər! ɪn ðə ˈstədi aɪ kənˈdəktəd, boʊθ grups ˈɛndɪd əp wɪθ weɪts wɛr ðeɪ ˈstɑrtɪd, ɔlˈbiɪt wɪθ ðə ˈdaɪətərz ˈhævɪŋ ɪnˈdʊrd əˈnəðər ˈwiriɪŋ ənd ˈsaɪkəl. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, ɛz lɔŋ ɛz wɪr ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ɑr ˈbɑdiz wɪʧ ðə ˈdætə ʃoʊz ˈɪzənt goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈhæpən fər moʊst ˈpipəl, ˈɛniˌweɪ wi ər ˈmɪsɪŋ ðə ril ˈbɛnəfɪts ðət kəm frəm ˈkɛrɪŋ fər ɑr ˈbɑdiz. ˈɛvəri wik ər mənθ, əˈnəðər ɪgˈzæmpəl ˈimərʤɪz əv əˈsəmpʃənz əˈbaʊt wət ˈɛvriˌwən noʊz, ˈrəðər ðən wət wi ˈæˌkʧuəli du noʊ, ˈʃeɪpɪŋ dɪˈsɪʒənz ɪn ˈmɛdəsən ənd ˈgəvərnmənt. dɪˈspaɪt ɔl ðə tɔk əˈbaʊt "evidence-based*" ˈpɑləsi, fər ˈɪnstəns, ˈmɛdəˌkɛr ɪz naʊ ˈkəvərɪŋ ˈɛfərts waɪl ðə ˈɛvədəns ˈklɪrli ʃoʊz ðət ðeɪ doʊnt ˌɪmˈpruv hɛlθ ər rɪˈzəlt ɪn səˈsteɪnd weɪt lɔs. ðə fərst ˈleɪdi ɪz dɪˈvoʊtɪŋ hərˈsɛlf tɪ ɪˈrædəˌkeɪtɪŋ ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd əˈbisəti, wɪn ðə ˈleɪtəst əv 55 ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃənz ʃoʊd ən əˈprɑksəˌmeɪt min weɪt lɔs əv... wən paʊnd. ðiz "hɛlθ" ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪvz hæv nɑt ʤɪst feɪld, ðeɪv ˈbækˌfaɪərd, kənˈtrɪbjutɪŋ tɪ ðə raɪz ɪn dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən ənd ˈbʊliɪŋ, əˈməŋ ˈmɛni ˈəðər ˈdæmɪʤɪŋ saɪd ˈifɛkts. wət ɪz noʊn (ˈivɪn ɪf ˈɛvriˌwən kænt əkˈsɛpt ɪt jɛt) ɪz ðət: ˈsteɪbəl fæt ɪz bloʊn aʊt əv prəˈpɔrʃən ɛz ə hɛlθ rɪsk (ˈivɪn ˈdrɛdɪd "ˈtəmi fæt"), bət weɪts ˈkɑmən tɪ ˈdaɪətərz du hɑrm hɛlθ. ðə "ˈaɪərnˌklæd" ˈnoʊʃən ðət əˈbisəti lidz tɪ ˈərli dɛθ ɪz rɔŋ: mɔrˈtæləti ˈdætə ʃoʊ "ˌoʊvərˈweɪt" ˈpipəl, ɔn ˈævərɪʤ, lɪv ˈlɔŋgɪst, ənd ˈmɑdərətli "əˈbis" ˈpipəl hæv ˈsɪmələr lɔnˈʤɛvəti tɪ ðoʊz æt weɪts dimd "ˈnɔrməl" ənd ədˈvaɪzəbəl. laɪf spænz hæv ˈlɛŋθənd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪn ˈlɑkˌstɛp wɪθ ˈoʊvər ðə læst fju ˈdɛkeɪdz, wɪʧ ʃʊd meɪk ju ˈwəndər əˈbaʊt ðə səˈpoʊzd ˈdɛdlinəs əv fæt. wɪn ju kənˈsɪdər ɑr ˈkəlʧərəl priˌɑkjəˈpeɪʃən wɪθ fud ənd weɪt, ðə ˈdætə ɔn ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdərz ənd ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ (əˈməŋ θɪn ˈpipəl, tu), ənd ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈʤəstɪs kənˈsərnz ðət əraɪz frəm ˈweɪʤɪŋ ə wɔr əˈgɛnst ˈbɑdi taɪps, fæt ˈstɪgmə ræŋks ɛz fɑr mɔr ˈdeɪnʤərəs ðən roʊlz ənd roʊlz əv fæt. ənd wɪn ju si hu ərnz wət frəm ðə ˈbɪljənz spɛnt ˈænjuəli ɔn ˈprɑdəkts, prəˈsiʤərz, ənd ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəlz, ɪt bɪˈkəmz klɪr ðət kəˈmərʃəl ˈɪntərɪsts hæv ˈteɪntɪd əˈbisəti bɪˈlifs, ˈpɑləsi ənd ˈrisərʧ. (ɛz ə smɔl ɪgˈzæmpəl, teɪk ðoʊz ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl fæt kɪd ædz ɪn ˈʤɔrʤə; ðə ˌfərˈprɑfɪt hɛlθ kɛr ˈkəmpəˌni bɪˈhaɪnd ðɛm ˈɔlsoʊ sɛlz ˈkɔstli, ənˈpruvən ˈsərʤəri tɪ ˈtiˌneɪʤərz.) lɛt mi ˌɪntərˈʤɛkt hir ðət aɪ noʊ ðɪs poʊst wɪl brɪŋ aʊt ðə ˈjuʒəwəl kru əv ˈheɪtərz, ˈbæʃərz, ðə data-resistant*, ənd ðə ˌsæŋktəˈmoʊniəs "i-lost-weight-and-you-can-too*" ˌtɛstɪˈmoʊniəlz ɪn ðə ˈkɑmɛnts ˈsɛkʃən. fər ðoʊz ˈtɛmptɪd tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt, aɪ seɪ, "ju ər ðə əˈbisəti ˈprɑbləm. bət hɛlp ɪz əˈveɪləbəl." ˈɛni ˈɑrgjəmənt ju kən kəm əp wɪθ, ˈsəmˌwən ɪn ðə ər fæt əkˈsɛptəns kəmˈjunɪtiz həz ɔˈrɛdi rɪˈspɑndɪd. rɛd ðə ˈrisərʧ ˌrivˈju, ər maɪ dɪˈskəʃən əv fæt ˈvərsəz. fæt ˈstɪgmə fər ˈstɑrtərz, ənd ʧɛk aʊt ˈmɛni mɔr ˈrisɔrsɪz əˈveɪləbəl ɔn maɪ ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ər rɛd maɪ bʊk, hɛlθ æt ˈɛvəri saɪz: ðə səˈpraɪzɪŋ truθ əˈbaʊt jʊr weɪt. ðət wərld vju ɪz ɔn ðə weɪn. beɪst ɔn ril ˈɛvədəns, ɔl ðiz ˈɛkspərts ˈriʤɛkt ə fæt ˈfoʊkɪs ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv mɔr ˈhoʊpfəl, mɔr ˈifɛktɪv, ənd ˈʧipər pæθs tɪ gʊd hɛlθ. noʊ ˈmætər wət ˈɛvriˌwən noʊz, ər sɪz ðeɪ du, ˈɛkspərts ˈfɑloʊ ðə ˈɛvədəns ðət ɪts haʊ ju lɪv, nɑt haʊ ju lʊk, ðət meɪks ðə ˈdɪfərəns fər hɛlθ ənd ˌwɛlˈbiɪŋ. ɪf ju hæv hæd ɪˈnəf əv wət ˈɛvriˌwən noʊz əˈbaʊt fæt ənd wɔnt ril ˈænsərz, ðɛrz ə hoʊl kəmˈjunɪti əv foʊks tɪ hɛlp ju faɪnd ðɛm. ðə kəmˈjunɪti ɪz groʊɪŋ, ɛz ɪz ɑr prəˈfɛʃənəl ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən, ðə əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən fər saɪz dɪˈvərsɪti ənd hɛlθ, ənd ə ˈsɪvəl raɪts ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən, ðə ˈnæʃənəl əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən tɪ ədˈvæns fæt əkˈsɛptəns, ˈædvəˌkeɪtɪŋ əˈgɛnst ˈmaɪndləs fæt baɪəs. fər mɔr baɪ ˈlɪndə ˈbeɪkən, ph.d*., mɑ, mɑ, klɪk hir.
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americans are fatter than they used to be ... everyone knows the weight is causing sickness and early death. government and industry say the pounds are costing us ... this generation will have shorter lives than their parents ... studies show long-term weight loss elusive ... doctors say to keep trying anyway ...
does it ever seem like you're hearing the same things about weight over and over? witnessing the depressing cycle of failed public initiatives and fruitless personal efforts to trim our waistlines, who wouldn't wish for a more hopeful angle or some alternative facts on the old story?
fortunately, an alternative viewpoint is out there, and those facts are available, even if they can be hard to hear over the societal clamor of food fear and body bias. getting to this information requires tuning out the loud "everyone knows" claims about obesity, shape and diet. it means questioning health "experts" who themselves have failed to question. it requires adopting a new, more skeptical mantra, like the one we use in the movement known as health at every size (haes). "show me the data," we demand, and you should, too.
haes advocates include scientists, doctors, therapists, dietitians, fitness professionals, and writers, among others. if more doctors, journalists and public officials were to seek their wisdom, they would do less harm, save tax dollars, and help people live longer, healthier and better.
i see information every day that shows that our obsession over body fat is a costly, crippling threat to health and well-being. i routinely tally the costs -- medical, financial and psychological- - of the un-winnable war on obesity and the commercial juggernaut it supports (low-cal snacks! diet pills! weight-loss centers where customers always come back!). and i conduct research and write peer-reviewed articles supporting the haes paradigm with facts, replacing knee-jerk everyone knows statements with what is truly known about the meaning of body weight.
the evidence demonstrates that fat isn't the bogeyman it's made out to be, and that a focus on health habits, rather than weight, accomplishes the very goals collective thinness is supposed to achieve (if it were possible in the first place). compared to control groups of people on weight loss programs, people who accept themselves and their bodies as they are tend to exercise more and eat better. they do better medically, on blood pressure, cholesterol, insulin sensitivity and similar measures, and feel happier in the long run. they adopt longer-lasting exercise habits. and guess which group weighs less, two years out? neither! in the haes study i conducted, both groups ended up with weights where they started, albeit with the dieters having endured another wearying and health-damaging deprivation-loss-regain cycle.
in other words, as long as we're focused on changing our bodies -- which the data shows isn't going to happen for most people, anyway -- we are missing the real benefits that come from caring for our bodies.
every week or month, another example emerges of knee-jerk assumptions about what everyone knows, rather than what we actually do know, shaping decisions in medicine and government. despite all the talk about "evidence-based" policy, for instance, medicare is now covering doctor-prescribed weight-loss efforts while the evidence clearly shows that they don't improve health or result in sustained weight loss. the first lady is devoting herself to eradicating childhood obesity, when the latest meta-analysis of 55 interventions showed an approximate mean weight loss of... one pound. these "health" initiatives have not just failed, they've backfired, contributing to the rise in weight-based discrimination and bullying, among many other damaging side effects.
what is known (even if everyone can't accept it yet) is that:
• stable fat is blown out of proportion as a health risk (even dreaded "tummy fat"), but yo-yoing weights common to dieters do harm health.
• the "ironclad" notion that obesity leads to early death is wrong: mortality data show "overweight" people, on average, live longest, and moderately "obese" people have similar longevity to those at weights deemed "normal" and advisable.
• life spans have lengthened almost in lockstep with waistlines over the last few decades, which should make you wonder about the supposed deadliness of fat.
when you consider our cultural preoccupation with food and weight, the data on eating disorders and mental health (among thin people, too), and the social justice concerns that arise from waging a war against body types, fat stigma ranks as far more dangerous than rolls and rolls of fat. and when you see who earns what from the billions spent annually on weight-loss products, procedures, and pharmaceuticals, it becomes clear that commercial interests have tainted obesity beliefs, policy and research. (as a small example, take those controversial fat kid ads in georgia; the for-profit health care company behind them also sells costly, unproven lap-band surgery to teenagers.)
let me interject here that i know this post will bring out the usual crew of haters, bashers, the data-resistant, and the sanctimonious "i-lost-weight-and-you-can-too" testimonials in the comments section. for those tempted to participate, i say, "you are the obesity problem. but help is available." any argument you can come up with, someone in the haes or fat acceptance communities has already responded. read the research review, or my discussion of fat vs. fat stigma for starters, and check out many more resources available on my website or read my book, health at every size: the surprising truth about your weight. that world view is on the wane.
based on real evidence, all these experts reject a fat focus in favor of more hopeful, more effective, and cheaper paths to good health. no matter what everyone knows, or says they do, haes experts follow the evidence that it's how you live, not how you look, that makes the difference for health and well-being.
if you have had enough of what everyone knows about fat and want real answers, there's a whole community of well-informed folks to help you find them. the haes community is growing, as is our professional organization, the association for size diversity and health, and a civil rights organization, the national association to advance fat acceptance, advocating against mindless fat bias.
for more by linda bacon, ph.d., ma, ma, click here.
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ðə bɛst ʤɑbz ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz treɪd rɪˈfɔrm wɪθ ˈʧaɪnə nɑt mɔr ˈgəvərnmənt ˈstɪmjələs. ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈkænədɪt hu bɛst kənˈveɪz ðɪs ˈsɪŋgjələr, truθ tɪ ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpipəl bɪtˈwin naʊ ənd ɪˈlɛkʃən deɪ wɪl ˈkɛri ðə ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ swɪŋ steɪts əv ˈmɪʃɪgən, oʊˈhaɪoʊ, vərˈʤɪnjə, ənd wɪˈskɑnsən ənd ˈðɛrˈbaɪ wɪn ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən. ðə keɪs fər ˈʧaɪnə treɪd rɪˈfɔrm ɛz boʊθ ə ˈwɪnɪŋ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ənd ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈstrætəʤi ɪz ˈfərmli ˈrutɪd ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri əv treɪd riˈleɪʃənz ənd ɪts dɪˈstrəktɪv ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz. ɪn 2001 ˈʧaɪnə ʤɔɪnd ðə wərld treɪd ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən wɪθ strɔŋ baɪˈpɑrtɪzən səˈpɔrt, ənd ɪn ˈlɑbiɪŋ fər ˈɛntri ˈɪntu ðə, ˈprɛzɪdənt bɪl ˈklɪntən ˈprɑməst ðə fərst taɪm, ˈʧaɪnə wɪl əˈgri tɪ pleɪ baɪ ðə seɪm ˈoʊpən ˈtreɪdɪŋ rulz wi do”*” ənd ðə fərst taɪm ɑr ˈkəmpəˌniz wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ sɛl ənd dɪˈstrɪbjut ˈprɑdəkts ɪn china.”*.” ˌɪnˈstɛd, sɪns 2001 ˈʧaɪnə həz ˈfleɪgrəntli ˈvaɪəleɪtɪd rulz baɪ ˈflədɪŋ ɑr ˈmɑrkɪts wɪθ ˌɪˈligəli ˈsəbsɪˌdaɪzd ˈɛkspɔrts. ˈminˌwaɪl, ““american”*” ˌməlˌtiˈnæʃənəlz laɪk boʊɪŋ, ˈkætəˌpɪlər, ənd hæv ʃət daʊn plænts ɪn ˈsɪtiz laɪk siˈætəl, piˈɔriə, ənd ˈdiˌtrɔɪt waɪl ˈoʊpənɪŋ ˈmæsɪv ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ɪn ˈpleɪsɪz laɪk ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ, ˌʧɛŋˈdu, ənd ˈʃæŋˈhaɪ ɔl tɪ ˈlɛvərɪʤ ˌɪˈligəl ˈsəbsɪdiz ənd ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl ənd ˈwərkər rulz ənd ðɛn dəmp ðɛr ˈprɑdəkts bæk ˈɪntu əˈmɛrɪkən ˈmɑrkɪts. ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ðɪs twɪn əˈsɔlt ɔn ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ beɪs baɪ ʧaɪˈniz ˈkəmpəˌniz ənd ˌməlˌtiˈnæʃənəlz, ɑr wəns greɪt ˈkəntri həz dɪˈvɑlvd ˈɪntu ə ˈziroʊ economy”*” ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪzd baɪ nɪr ˈziroʊ groʊθ ɪn ʤɑbz, ˈweɪʤɪz, ənd, stɑk rɪˈtərnz ˈivɪn ɛz ˈoʊvər ˈfæktəriz hæv ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd əˈlɔŋ wɪθ 6 ˈmɪljən ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ ʤɑbz. hir ɪz ən ˈivɪn mɔr ˈʧɪlɪŋ sɛt əv stəˈtɪstɪks: fər ðə faɪv ənd hæf ˈdɛkeɪdz praɪər tɪ ˈɛntri ˈɪntu ðə, ɑr groʊs dəˈmɛstɪk ˈprɑdəkt gru æt ə reɪt əv pərˈsɛnt. sɪns 2001 ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət reɪt həz ˈfɑlən tɪ ə mɪr pərˈsɛnt ˈænjuəl groʊθ reɪt. ðɪs sloʊər groʊθ, ɪn tərn, həz lɛd tɪ ðə ˈfeɪljər tɪ kriˈeɪt mɔr ðən 20 ˈmɪljən ʤɑbz nɑt koʊˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli, ɪgˈzæktli wət wi nid tɪ pʊt əˈmɛrɪkə bæk tɪ wərk. pərˈhæps ðə moʊst əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ ˈɛləmənt əv ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp ɪz ðə ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti əv soʊ ˈmɛni əv ɑr ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz, ˈʤərnəlɪsts, ənd ˌækəˈdɛmɪks tɪ ˈfərmli kəˈnɛkt ðə dɑts bɪtˈwin ˌɔnˈfɛr treɪd ˈpræktɪsɪz ənd ðə ˈæbʤɛkt ˈfeɪljər əv ˈtrɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz əv ˈgəvərnmənt ˈstɪmjələs tɪ ʤəmp stɑrt ɑr ɪˈkɑnəmi. ˌɪnˈdid, ɛz ˈrisəntli ɛz læst wik ɔn ðə stəmp ɪn oʊˈhaɪoʊ, ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd ðət wi hæv kənˈstrəktɪv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ china”*” ənd ðət ɑr ˈdɪfərənsɪz kən bi riˈzɑlvd θru ““dialogue.”*.” ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈhɪstəri əv hɪz ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ɛz wɛl ɛz ðət əv hɪz ˈprɛdəˌsɛsər həz bɪn ðə ˈæbʤɛkt ˈfeɪljər əv ˈdaɪəˌlɔg tɪ hɔlt ˈmæsɪv ˌɔnˈfɛr treɪd ˈpræktɪsɪz ənd ɪts groʊs ˈjumən raɪts ənd ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl əˈbjuzɪz. ɔn ðə ˈmidiə frənt, ˌɛdəˈtɔriəl bɔrdz əv ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl ˈpeɪpərz laɪk ðə wɔl strit ˈʤərnəl ənd ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl taɪmz hæv bɪn ˈmərkjəri kwɪk tɪ ʤəmp ɔn ˈkænədɪt mɪt ˈrɑmni fər ˈkrækɪŋ daʊn ɔn ˈʧitɪŋ əˈblɪviəs tɪ ðə ˈaɪrəni əv ðiz fri ˈtreɪdər ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz səˈpɔrtɪŋ mərˈkæntəlɪst ənd prəˈtɛkʃənɪst ˈʧitɪŋ. ˈminˌwaɪl, ˈpəndɪts laɪk tɑm ˈfridmən ənd ˌɪnˈsɪst ɑr ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ ʤɑbz ər gɔn fərˈɛvər tɪ ðə ˈfɔrsɪz əv ˌgloʊbəlɪˈzeɪʃən ənd ər ˈnɛvər ˈkəmɪŋ bæk ðɪs dɪˈspaɪt ðə fækt ðət ˈʤərməni həz 25 pərˈsɛnt əv ɪts ˈwərkˌfɔrs ɪn ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ ˈoʊnli 9 pərˈsɛnt hir ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs. pərˈhæps moʊst əˈlɑrmɪŋ, ðə ˌækəˈdɛmɪk wərld ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz bɪˈkəmɪŋ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli koʊˈɑptəd baɪ ʧaɪˈniz ˈfəndɪŋ əv ˈɪnstɪˌtuts ðət ər ˈsprɪŋɪŋ əp æt əˈmɛrɪkən ˌjunəˈvərsətiz ɔl əraʊnd ðə ˈkəntri. fju əv ðiz ˈɪnstɪˌtuts ənd ðə ˌækəˈdɛmɪks ðeɪ ɪmˈplɔɪ ər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ baɪt ðə hænd ðət fidz ðɛm. ɪn ðə ɛnd, ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈvɪktɪmz əv ˌɔnˈfɛr treɪd ˈpræktɪsɪz ər nɑt ʤɪst əˈmɛrɪkən ˌmænjəˈfækʧərərz ənd ˈwərkərz. ɪt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ʧaɪˈniz ˈpipəl ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə ˈmɪljən əv hum daɪ iʧ jɪr fər ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈæksədənts ənd ðə ˈifɛkts əv ɛr pəˈluʃən. gɪt ðə ˈmɑnətər ˈstɔriz ju kɛr əˈbaʊt dɪˈlɪvərd tɪ jʊr inbox*. baɪ ˈsaɪnɪŋ əp, ju əˈgri tɪ ɑr ˈpraɪvəsi ˈpɑləsi ɪn ðɪs ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈsizən, ɪt wʊd bi rɪˈfrɛʃɪŋ tɪ si boʊθ ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈkænədɪts əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ɑr ˈmidiə gɪt ɪt raɪt ɔn ðə ˈʧaɪnə ˈɪʃu. tɪ ðət ɛnd, aɪ wʊd ləv tɪ si boʊθ ˈkænədɪts æst ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ dəˈbeɪts ˈwɛðər ðeɪ bɪˈliv ðət ðə bɛst ʤɑbz ˈproʊˌgræm ˈtruli ɪz treɪd rɪˈfɔrm wɪθ ˈʧaɪnə nɑt mɔr ˈgəvərnmənt ˈspɛndɪŋ. ðɛr ˈænsərz wʊd bi kwaɪt rɪˈvilɪŋ ənd ˈpɑsəbli ʧeɪnʤ ðə kɔrs əv nɑt ʤɪst ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən bət ɑr ɪˈkɑnəmi. ˈpitər nəˈvɑroʊ ɪz ðə dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə nu ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri fɪlm "dɛθ baɪ ˈʧaɪnə" ənd ə ˈbɪznɪs prəˈfɛsər æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv california-irvine*.
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the best jobs program is trade reform with china – not more government stimulus. the presidential candidate who best conveys this singular, ineluctable truth to the american people between now and election day will carry the manufacturing swing states of michigan, ohio, virginia, and wisconsin and thereby win the election.
the case for china trade reform as both a winning political and economic strategy is firmly rooted in the history of u.s.-china trade relations and its destructive consequences. in 2001, china joined the world trade organization with strong bipartisan support, and in lobbying for china’s entry into the wto, president bill clinton promised “for the first time, china will agree to play by the same open trading rules we do” and “for the first time our companies will be able to sell and distribute products in china.”
instead, since 2001, china has flagrantly violated wto rules by flooding our markets with illegally subsidized exports. meanwhile, putatively “american” multinationals like boeing, caterpillar, and gm have shut down plants in cities like seattle, peoria, and detroit while opening massive operations in places like beijing, chengdu, and shanghai – all to leverage china’s illegal subsidies and ultra-lax environmental and worker rules and then dump their products back into american markets.
as a result of this twin assault on america’s manufacturing base by state-run chinese companies and offshoring multinationals, our once great country has devolved into a “triple zero economy” characterized by near zero growth in jobs, wages, and, stock returns even as over 50,000 factories have disappeared along with 6 million manufacturing jobs.
here is an even more chilling set of statistics: for the five and half decades prior to china’s entry into the wto, our gross domestic product grew at a rate of 3.5 percent. since 2001, however, that rate has fallen to a mere 1.6 percent annual growth rate. this slower growth, in turn, has led to the failure to create more than 20 million jobs – not coincidentally, exactly what we need to put america back to work.
perhaps the most astonishing element of the us-china relationship is the inability of so many of our politicians, journalists, and academics to firmly connect the dots between china’s unfair trade practices and the abject failure of trillions of dollars of government stimulus to jump start our economy. indeed, as recently as last week on the stump in ohio, president obama insisted that we have “a constructive economic relationship with china” and that our differences can be resolved through “dialogue.” however, the history of his administration as well as that of his predecessor has been the abject failure of dialogue to halt china’s massive unfair trade practices and its gross human rights and environmental abuses.
on the media front, editorial boards of influential papers like the wall street journal and financial times have been mercury quick to jump on candidate mitt romney for cracking down on china’s cheating – oblivious to the irony of these free trader newspapers supporting china’s mercantilist and protectionist cheating. meanwhile, pundits like tom friedman and fareed zakaria insist our manufacturing jobs are gone forever to the forces of globalization and are never coming back – this despite the fact that germany has 25 percent of its workforce in manufacturing compared with only 9 percent here in the us.
perhaps most alarming, the academic world itself is becoming increasingly co-opted by chinese funding of us-china institutes that are springing up at cash-strapped american universities all around the country. few of these institutes and the academics they employ are willing to bite the hand that feeds them.
in the end, the biggest victims of china’s unfair trade practices are not just american manufacturers and workers. it is also the chinese people – almost a million of whom die each year for industrial accidents and the effects of air pollution.
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in this election season, it would be refreshing to see both presidential candidates along with our media get it right on the china issue. to that end, i would love to see both candidates asked during the upcoming debates whether they believe that the best jobs program truly is trade reform with china – not more government spending. their answers would be quite revealing – and possibly change the course of not just the election but our economy.
– peter navarro is the director of the new documentary film "death by china" and a business professor at the university of california-irvine.
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kloʊz ˈprɛdətərz pleɪərz pleɪ strit ˈhɑki wɪθ ˈneɪbərˌhʊd kɪdz ˈlɛri məˈkɔrmək ðə ˌtɛnɪˈsiən ˈprɛdətərz rɪn, hu tərnz 35 nɛkst mənθ, həz tu jɪrz rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ɔn hɪz ˈkɑnˌtrækt. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ˈændru nɛlz tennessean.com*) ˈsævi məˈnuvərɪŋ həz pəˈzɪʃənd ðə ˈprɛdətərz tɪ ˌriəˈlɪstɪkli ˈʧælənʤ fər ðə ˈstænli kəp fər ðə fɔrˈsiəbəl fˈjuʧər. ðɛr kɔr pleɪərz ər saɪnd tɪ ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈkɑnˌtrækts ðət ʃʊd baɪnd ðɛm θru ðɛr praɪm jɪrz. raɪən ˌʤoʊˈhænsən, ˈvɪktər arvidsson*, ˈfɪlɪp ˈfɔrsbərg, ˈroʊmən josi*, p.k*. ənd ˈmæʃəz ˈɛˌkhoʊlm ər ˈəndər ˈkɑnˌtrækt təˈgɛðər θru ðə ˈsizən. ə sˈmɔlər ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ˈwɪndoʊ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪgˈzɪsts ðət ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪdz wɪθ ðə tu rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ jɪrz ɔn ˈkɑnˌtrækt. ðə ˈvɛtərən, hu tərnz 35 ɔn noʊv. 3 ɪz əˈwɛr əv ðət. ““personally*, ˈɛvəri jɪr ɪz maɪ ˈbɪgəst ʧæns (tɪ wɪn ðə ˈstænli kəp), ənd haʊ aɪ lʊk æt ɪt," rɪn sɛd. "əv kɔrs, ɪt gɪvz ju pis əv maɪnd ðət ju hæv səm əv ðə ki ˈpisɪz fər ə lɔŋ taɪm. "bət ˈpərsənəli əv kɔrs, aɪ hæv ðɪs ənd nɛkst jɪr. haʊ aɪ lʊk æt ɪt." mɔr: ˈprɛdətərz ˈmeɪlˌbæg: wɪl ˈsæmjul ʤərɑrd stɪk ɪn ˈnæʃvɪl, nhl*? rɪn kˈwaɪətɪd ˈdaʊtərz læst ˈsizən wɪn hi kəmˈpaɪld ə ˈævərɪʤ ənd 941 seɪv pərˈsɛnɪʤ θru θri pleɪɔf raʊnz, prəˈpɛlɪŋ ˈnæʃvɪl tɪ ðə ˈstænli kəp ˈfaɪnəl. hi naʊ həz tɪ pruv ðət səʧ ə pərˈfɔrməns ɪz æt hɪz eɪʤ tɪ brɪŋ ðə ˈprɛdətərz bæk ðɛr. rɪn ɪz ðə ˈstɑrtər ðɪs ˈsizən. θri əv ðə fɔr ˈoʊldər rəˈbɛrtoʊ luˈoʊŋgoʊ (ˈflɔrɪdə), ˈhɛnrɪk (nu jɔrk ˈreɪnʤərz) ənd maɪk smɪθ (ˈkælgəri) rɪˈsivd ðɛr ˈkɑrənt ˈkɑnˌtrækts ɪn ðɛr ˈərli 30s*. mɔr: ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ ˈblæˌkhɔks 2 ˈnæʃvɪl ˈprɛdətərz 1 3 θɪŋz wi ˈlərnɪd ˈnuzˌlɛtərz gɪt ðə spɔrts ˈnuzˌlɛtər dɪˈlɪvərd tɪ jʊr wɪr ˈsɑri, bət ˈsəmθɪŋ wɛnt rɔŋ tɔp ənd ˈtrɛndɪŋ spɔrts ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz ju nid tɪ noʊ fər jʊr ˈbɪzi deɪ. pliz traɪ əˈgɛn sun, ər ˈkɑnˌtækt ˈkəstəmər ˈsərvɪs æt dɪˈlɪvəri: ˈdeɪli ˌɪnˈvæləd iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs θæŋk ju! jʊr ˈɔlˌmoʊst saɪnd əp fər spɔrts kip ən aɪ aʊt fər ən iˈmeɪl tɪ kənˈfərm jʊr ˈnuzˌlɛtər ˌrɛʤɪˈstreɪʃən. mɔr ˈnuzˌlɛtərz ðə ˈɑtəˌwɑ ˈsɛnətərz geɪv kreɪg ˈændərsən, 36 ə two-year*, ˈmɪljən ɪkˈstɛnʃən læst mənθ. "ɪn ɑr prɑˈʤɛkʃənz fər ɑr ˈrɑstərz, wi du plænz," ˈprɛdətərz ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər ˈdeɪvɪd sɛd læst mənθ. "ɪts hɑrd tɪ du bɪˈkəz ɪf ju juz, jʊr ˈjuzɪŋ ðə fækt ðət hiz gɑt tu jɪrz rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ (ɔn) hɪz ˈkɑnˌtrækt. bət hi maɪt hæv faɪv jɪrz lɛft ɪn hɪz kərɪr. ənd ɪf ðət wɑz ðə keɪs, ˈhoʊpfəli hil bi wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs." ðə ˈprɛdətərz rɪn, hu wɪl bi 36 wɪn hɪz ˈkɑnˌtrækt ɪkˈspaɪərz ɪn 2019 ˈdəzənt sim far-fetched*, ðoʊ ə rɪˈdust roʊl maɪt əˈkəmpəni ən ɪkˈstɛnʃən. ˈnæʃvɪl ˈɔlsoʊ həz tɪ priˈpɛr fər ɪts fˈjuʧər baɪ ˈfaɪndɪŋ aʊt ɪf ˈsɑroʊs, ðə ligz ˈjəŋgəst, ɪz ə ləˈʤɪtəmət səkˈsɛsər. ˈsɑroʊs ˈstɑrtɪd 19 geɪmz læst ˈsizən ənd ʃʊd rɪˈsiv mɔr ðɪs ˈsizən. ʃʊr ðeɪ θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ðət. ɪz ə greɪt ˈgoʊli. ðə ˈbɑtəm laɪn," rɪn sɛd. "aɪ θɪŋk goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈhæpi ʤɪst ˈsɪtɪŋ ðɛr ˈwɑʧɪŋ mi pleɪ ɔl ðə taɪm. ɪn ðət eɪʤ wɛr ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈbɛtər baɪ ðə deɪ. ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ˈɛvəri deɪ. ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ traɪ tɪ ərn hɪz ˈmɪnəts, ənd ðət kips mi ɔn maɪ toʊz." mɔr: wɪl ˈprɛdətərz ʧɪr ɔn ˈtaɪtənz ˈdʊrɪŋ 'ˈmənˌdeɪ naɪt ˈfʊtˌbɔl'? fər naʊ, ðə ˈprɛdətərz' kris stɪl bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ rɪn, hu ˌɪnˈtɛndz tɪ kip ɪt fər ɛz lɔŋ ɛz hi kən. fil oʊld," rɪn sɛd. "aɪ stɪl fil laɪk aɪ hæv jɪrz lɛft ənd aɪ stɪl fil laɪk aɪ kən ˌɪmˈpruv ənd gɪt ˈbɛtər. aɪ θɪŋk ə ˈmaɪndˌsɛt goʊɪŋ tɪ draɪv ju ənd gɪv ju ˈɛnərʤi ənd gɪv ju strength.”*.” riʧ ˈædəm æt ənd ɔn tˈwɪtər @adamvingan*. nɛkst geɪm ˈprɛdətərz ˈvərsəz. ˈævəˌlænʧ wɪn: 7 p.m*. ˈtuzˌdeɪ tv/radio*: fɑks
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close predators players play street hockey with neighborhood kids larry mccormack / the tennessean
predators goaltender pekka rinne, who turns 35 next month, has two years remaining on his contract. (photo: andrew nelles / tennessean.com)
savvy salary-cap maneuvering has positioned the predators to realistically challenge for the stanley cup for the foreseeable future.
their core players are signed to long-term contracts that should bind them through their prime years. ryan johansen, viktor arvidsson, filip forsberg, roman josi, p.k. subban and mattias ekholm are under contract together through the 2019-20 season.
a smaller championship window, however, exists that coincides with the two remaining years on pekka rinne's contract. the veteran goaltender, who turns 35 on nov. 3, is aware of that.
“personally, every year is my biggest chance (to win the stanley cup), and that’s how i look at it," rinne said. "of course, it gives you peace of mind that you have some of the key pieces for a long time.
"but personally of course, i have this and next year. that’s how i look at it."
more: predators mailbag: will samuel girard stick in nashville, nhl?
rinne quieted doubters last season when he compiled a 1.70 goals-against average and .941 save percentage through three playoff rounds, propelling nashville to the stanley cup final.
he now has to prove that such a performance is replicable at his age to bring the predators back there. rinne is the nhl's fifth-oldest starter this season. three of the four older goaltenders — roberto luongo (florida), henrik lundqvist (new york rangers) and mike smith (calgary) — received their current contracts in their early 30s.
more: chicago blackhawks 2, nashville predators 1 : 3 things we learned
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the ottawa senators gave craig anderson, 36, a two-year, $9.5 million extension last month.
"in our projections for our rosters, we do three-to-five-year plans," predators general manager david poile said last month. "it's hard to do because if you use pekka, you're using the fact that he's got two years remaining (on) his contract. but he might have five years left in his career. and if that was the case, hopefully he'll be with us."
the predators re-signing rinne, who will be 36 when his contract expires in 2019, doesn't seem far-fetched, though a reduced role might accompany an extension.
nashville also has to prepare for its future by finding out if 22-year-old juuse saros, the league's youngest goaltender, is a legitimate successor. saros started 19 games last season and should receive more this season.
“i’m sure they think about that. ... juuse is a great goalie. that’s the bottom line," rinne said. "i don’t think he’s going to be happy just sitting there watching me play all the time. he’s in that age where he’s getting better by the day. he’s improving every day. he’s starting to try to earn his minutes, and that keeps me on my toes."
more: will predators cheer on titans during 'monday night football'?
for now, the predators' crease still belongs to rinne, who intends to keep it for as long as he can.
“i don’t feel old," rinne said. "i still feel like i have years left and i still feel like i can improve and get better. i think that’s a mindset that’s going to drive you and give you energy and give you strength.”
reach adam vingan at avingan@tennessean.com and on twitter @adamvingan.
next game
predators vs. avalanche
when: 7 p.m. tuesday
tv/radio: fox tn/102.5-fm
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oʊld ˈɪŋlɪʃ "frɑg," ə dɪˈmɪnjətɪv əv frosc*, forsc*, "frɑg," ə ˈkɑmən ʤərˈmænɪk wərd bət wɪθ ˈdɪfərənt fɔrˈmeɪʃənz ðət ər ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn (cognates*: oʊld nɔrs froskr*, ˈmɪdəl dəʧ vorsc*, ˈʤərmən frɔʃ "frɑg"), ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈlɪtərəli "ˈhɑpər," frəm paɪ rut *preu*- "tɪ hɑp" (sɔrs ˈɔlsoʊ əv ˈsænskrɪt "hɑps," ˈrəʃən "tɪ hɑp, ʤəmp"). ˈwɑtkɪnz kɔlz ðə oʊld ˈɪŋlɪʃ ən "əbˈskjʊr ɪkˈsprɛsɪv ˈsəfɪks." ðə ˈlætən wərd fər ɪt (ˈrænə) ɪz ˈɪməˌteɪtɪv əv ˈkroʊkɪŋ. ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn ˈmɪdəl ˈɪŋlɪʃ ɛz frok*, vrogge*, frugge*, ənd wɪθ ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈplʊrəl fɔrm froggen*. kəˈlætərəl ˈmɪdəl ˈɪŋlɪʃ fɔrmz frude*, ər frəm oʊld nɔrs "frɑg," ənd ˈneɪtɪv ɔlˈtərnətɪv fɔrm "frɑg" sərˈvaɪvd ɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈdaɪəˌlɛkts ˈɪntu ðə 19c*. aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz it frɑgz rɪˈgrɛtfəli; ðeɪ riˈmaɪnd wən soʊ məʧ əv ˈmɪnɪˌʧʊr ˈjumən θaɪz, ənd meɪk wən fil ənd ˈhɔrəd [eɪʧ. ˈɛlən braʊn, "ə gərlz ˈwɑndərɪŋz ɪn ˈhəŋgəri," 1896 ɛz ə ˈbrɪtɪʃ dərˈɑgəˌtɔri tərm fər "ˈfrɛnʧmæn," 1778 (ʃɔrt fər frog-eater*), bət ˌbiˈfɔr ðət 1650s*) ɪt mɛnt "dəʧ" (frəm "ˈmɑrʃi lænd," ɪn ˈrɛfərəns tɪ ðɛr ˈkəntri). tɪ hæv ə frɑg ɪn ðə θroʊt "bi hɔrs" ɪz frəm 1892 frəm frɑg ɛz ə neɪm fər ə ləmp ər sˈwɛlɪŋ ɪn ðə maʊθ 1650s*) ər θroʊt ˌɪnˈfɛkʃənz ˈkɔzɪŋ ə ˈkroʊkɪŋ saʊnd.
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old english frogga "frog," a diminutive of frosc, forsc, frox "frog," a common germanic word but with different formations that are difficult to explain (cognates: old norse froskr, middle dutch vorsc, german frosch "frog"), probably literally "hopper," from pie root *preu- "to hop" (source also of sanskrit provate "hops," russian prygat "to hop, jump"). watkins calls the old english -gga an "obscure expressive suffix."
the latin word for it (rana) is imitative of croaking. also in middle english as frok, vrogge, frugge, and with sometimes plural form froggen. collateral middle english forms frude, froud are from old norse frauðr "frog," and native alternative form frosk "frog" survived in english dialects into the 19c.
i always eat fricasseed frogs regretfully; they remind one so much of miniature human thighs, and make one feel cannibalistic and horrid .... [h. ellen brown, "a girl's wanderings in hungary," 1896]
as a british derogatory term for "frenchman," 1778 (short for frog-eater), but before that (1650s) it meant "dutch" (from frog-land "marshy land," in reference to their country). to have a frog in the throat "be hoarse" is from 1892, from frog as a name for a lump or swelling in the mouth (1650s) or throat infections causing a croaking sound.
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liv ðɪs ˈlunəˌtɪk ““debate”*” bɪˈhaɪnd. wɪθ ə ˈsɪmpəl (ˈtɛmpərˌɛri, ənd ˈɔpʃənəl) sidechain*, wən kən baɪ ə ““refund”*” ɔn ənˈwɔntɪd bitcoin-blocksizes*. ðə ˈpraɪsɪz əv ðiz ˈriˌfəndz gɪv ˈjuˈɛs ˈɪnfoʊ wɪʧ ɪz klɪr, ˈækjərət, ənd ˌənˈbaɪəst (ənˈlaɪk ðə ˈɪnfoʊ wi ˈkərəntli gɪt). ðə governance”*” ˈprɑbləm waɪ ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən ˈmætərz dɪˈzæstər həz strək ðə kəmˈjunɪti. fər ðə fərst taɪm, ˈsəmθɪŋ həz bɪn prəˈpoʊzd: ə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ʧeɪnʤ fork”*”). ˌɔrdəˈnɛrəli, ðə wʊd prəˈtɛkt ðə kəmˈjunɪti frəm ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˈkɔzɪŋ ˈsɪriəs ˈdæmɪʤ tɪ bitcoin”*”. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, təˈdeɪ ðeɪ meɪk ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən ˈmændəˌtɔri ənd ˈdeɪnʤərəs. ɔl ˈjuzərz, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ər ˌɛkspərˈtiz ər ˈəðər ˈvərʧu, wɪl bi fɔrst tɪ əˈdɑpt wɪˈʧɛvər ˈnɛtˌwərk ðeɪ θɪŋk ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls ɪz əˈdɑptɪŋ. ðɪs kəmˈpəlʃən minz ðət, fər ðə fərst taɪm, ðə əˈpɪnjən əv ðə ˈɪgnərənt ˈmæsɪz (ɪf mɪsˈlɛd, ər ˈmɪrli dɪˈvaɪdɪd) kən ˈæˌkʧuəli dɪˈstrɔɪ. ðə ˈprɑbləm ˈɪnfoʊ wɪθ ðə steɪks ðɪs haɪ, ənd wɪθ əˈpɪnjənz əv ˌənɪnˈfɔrmd kəmˈjunɪti members”*” naʊ ə kaɪnd əv ““asset”*” ““votes”*” ɪn ə pseudo-democracy*), ˈnəθɪŋ kʊd bi mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ðən ə ˈræʃənəl ənd pərˈdəktɪv dɪˈskəʃən əv ðə ˈrɛləvənt fækts. ənd ðɪs ɪz ˈmɪrli ðə fərst hɑrd fork”*”, əv hu noʊz haʊ ˈmɛni. ðə priˈdɪkʃən ˈmɑrkɪt səˈluʃən baɪ ˈoʊnli ðə ju wɔnt. ðə ˈfulɪʃnəs əv ˈəðərz. vju ɔl əv ðə ˈrɛləvənt ɪn wən loʊˈkeɪʃən. ə gʊd fɪt priˈdɪkʃən ˈmɑrkɪts (pms*) ɪkˈsɛl æt aggregating*, ˈfɪltərɪŋ, ənd ˈbrɔdˌkæstɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ðeɪ wərk bɛst wɪn wi hæv: ˈmɛni, ˌhɛtərəˈʤinjəs, ðə ˈprɑbləm həz ˈmɛni ˈfæsəts ənd pərˈspɛktɪvz, iʧ əv ənˈnoʊn ˈrɛləvəns ənd riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti, wɪʧ məst ɔl bi kənˈsɪdərd ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli). ə klɪr ənd ˈmɛʒərəbəl, ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər) ənd ˌɪnˈkris). (ˈɔpʃənəl) ˈfəndɪŋ tɪ ˈsəbsɪˌdaɪz ðə ˈmɑrkɪt (tɪ hɛlp ‘‘pay’*’ fər ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən). kən ˈizəli ˈaʊˌʧaɪn ðə, ðə subreddit*, mɔr bɪˈloʊ), ənd ðə ɔlˈtərnətɪv (wɪʧ, ɪn ðɪs keɪs, ɪz ə ˈrəðər ˌdɪskənˈsərtɪŋ ðə ˈdæmɪʤ dən tɪ ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən baɪ ə kənˈtɛnʃəs hɑrd fɔrk ɪz pəˈtɛnʃəli ˌkætəˈstrɑfɪk). kənˈsɪdər ðə priˈdɪkʃən ˈmɑrkɪt (əˈbəv). ɪt ɪz ˌɪnˈhɛrəntli ˈvaɪəbəl (kən ˈpæsɪvli ɪnˈtaɪs ˈtreɪdɪŋ) ɪn tu weɪz: ɪt prəˈdusɪz ə ““bitusd”*” wɪθ ðə ˈpərʧəs əv steɪts 1 2 ɪt kriˈeɪts ˈɑrbɪˌtrɑʒ ˌɑpərˈtunətiz bɪtˈwin ðə ˈrilˌwərld ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt ðə ˌhɔrəˈzɑntəl dɪˈmɛnʃən (steɪt 1 ˈvərsəz. 3 ənd 2 ˈvərsəz. 4 ɪt əˈlaʊz ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz tɪ ˌɪnˈʃʊr əˈgɛnst ðə trænˈzɪʃən tɪ ə nu (ər əˈgɛnst ðə ˈfeɪljər tɪ trænˈzɪʃən). ˈpərʧəsɪz əv 1 3 grænt ðə ˈoʊnər kæʃ (ɪn) ɪf dɪz nɑt ˌɪnˈkris ɪts, ənd ˈpərʧəsɪz əv 2 4 grænt ðə ˈoʊnər kæʃ ɪf dɪz ˌɪnˈkris ɪts. bɛst əv ɔl, ɪt əˈlaʊz ˈjuzərz tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈtruli ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri: meɪk ˈpərʧəsɪz ˈiðər əv wən taɪp əv ər ðə ˈəðər; ɪf ɪˈvɑlvz ɪn ə dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ɪn wɪʧ ˈtreɪdərz du nɑt əˈpruv, ðiz ˈtreɪdərz gɪt ɔl əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt bæk. əv ðə dəˈbeɪt (fər ˈgreɪtər ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈditeɪl, ʧɛk aʊt ðə tæb əv maɪ ɪkˈsɛl ʃit ər ə ˈgugəl dɑks ˈsprɛdˌʃit aɪ θru təˈgɛðər fər ðɪs poʊst.) ə portfolio”*” (pɪp), həz steɪts 1 3 4 ˈpərʧəst ɪn spɪˈsɪfɪk kˈwɑntətiz: 1 əv 1 1 əv 3 ənd ɪˈnəf əv 4 tɪ əˈʧiv ə ˈtoʊtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ˈaʊˌtleɪ əv 1 ˈjunɪt 1, 1 mbtc*, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə). ɪf ðə feɪlz tɪ 4 wɪl bi ˈwərθləs, bət 1 ənd 3 məst təˈgɛðər bi wərθ 1 ˈjunɪt, prəˈdusɪŋ ðə fʊl ˈriˌfənd. ɪf ðə dɪz ənd 3 ər wərθ ˈziroʊ, bət ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ʃɛrz əv 4 grænt ˈtreɪdərz ə lɔŋ pəˈzɪʃən ɪn ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt. ðə kˈwɑntəti əv 4 ʃɛrz, dɪˈtərmənd ˈərliər, wɪl sɛl fər ən əˈmaʊnt əv ˈrɛvəˌnu ðət, kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ðə ˈgɪvɪn ərˈɪʤənəl kɔst əv 1 ˈjunɪt, ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈrɛplɪˌkeɪts ðə rɪˈtərn ɔn ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt ˌɪtˈsɛlf. baɪɪŋ ðə pɪp ɪz laɪk baɪɪŋ ə ““bitcoin”*” ðət ju kən rɪˈtərn ɪf ðə ˌɪnˈkris. əv kɔrs, noʊ lunch”*” ɪn ˈfaɪˌnæns: ɛz ðə ˈmɑrkɪt in”*” ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz əˈbaʊt ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp bɪtˈwin ənd ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt (si bɪˈloʊ), ðə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈkɑrənt ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt wɪl ˈæˌkʧuəli dɪˈvərʤ ˈɪntu tu (wɪʧ ɪz desireable*, si bɪˈloʊ). ðə pɪp wɪl bɪˈkəm mɔr ɪkˈspɛnsɪv (ənd ˈɔfər loʊər rɪˈtərnz) ɪf ðə ˈmɑrkɪt bɪˈlivz ðət ən ˌɪnˈkrist wʊd rɪˈzəlt ɪn ə ˈrɛlətɪvli haɪər ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt. ˈkɑnvərsli, ɪf ðə ˈmɑrkɪt fɛlt ðət ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ðə wʊd lɛd tɪ ə ˈrɛlətɪvli loʊər ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt, ðə pɪp wʊd bɪˈkəm ˈʧipər (ənd ˈɔfər haɪər rɪˈtərnz). ɛz ˈɔlˌweɪz, ˈmɑrkɪts rɪˈwɔrd ðoʊz hu ˈərliəst prəˈvaɪd ˈækjərət ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðə moʊst. ɪt ʃʊd bi ˈɑbviəs ðət ðɪs ˈlɑʤɪk ɪz aɪˈdɛntɪkəl fər ðə ˈkɑnvərs ““anti-increase”*” pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ (kənˈsɪstɪŋ əv steɪts 2 4 3 wɪʧ ɛnˈtaɪtəlz ˈtreɪdərz tɪ ““bitcoin”*” ənˈlɛs ðə ˌɪnˈkrisɪz, ɪn wɪʧ keɪs ðeɪ gɪt ə ˈriˌfənd. ˈəðər pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊz ɪgˈzɪst, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl 1 2 3 ə kaɪnd əv fɪr portfolio”*”: wən goʊz lɔŋ ɪf ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk kips ðə 1, goʊz ʃɔrt ɪf ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ðə, bət, rəˈgɑrdləs əv wɪʧ ˈhæpənz, gɪts rɪˈfəndɪd ɪf ðə praɪs əv kəˈlæpsɪz (ə fʊl ˈriˌfənd, ɪn [si bɪˈloʊ], ɪf ðə praɪs kəˈlæpsɪz tɪ 0 ðə ˈmɪnəməm ˈvælju ɪn ðɪs ɪgˈzæmpəl). win-win-win*: ˈpraɪsɪz kriˈeɪt rɪˈlaɪəbəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɛz ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈprɑˌgrɛsəz, ˈɔnˌlʊkərz wʊd, təˈdeɪ, bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ juz ˈkɑrənt ˈmɑrkɪt ˈpraɪsɪz tɪ si ənd kəmˈpɛr tu fˈjuʧər ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪts: ðə fərst wɛr ðə fˈjuʧər ˈjuzɪz ə 1, ənd ðə ˈsɛkənd wɛr ðə fˈjuʧər ˈjuzɪz ə 1. frəm ðɛr, ðə kəmˈjunɪti wʊd noʊ ðə ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz əv ðə wi ˌɪnˈkris ðə, wɪl fɔl tɪ ðoʊz hu ““disagree”*” ər ˈiðər laɪɪŋ, ˈʧuzɪŋ nɑt tɪ ˈmæksəˌmaɪz ðɛr ɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈvælju, ər ɪkˈspɪriənsɪŋ səm kaɪnd əv ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd əv (ər ““bias”*”). ɔl θri taɪps kən (ənd ʃʊd) bi ˈseɪfli ˌɪgˈnɔrd. ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə ˈjunɪts əˈstut ˈridərz wɪl ˈnoʊtɪs ðət, wɪn ðə ˈjuzər gɪts ðɛr ““refund”*”, ɪt wɪl bi 1 (tɪ mæʧ ðə ˈsɪŋgəl wɪʧ ðeɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstɪd). ðɪs ɪz ˈrəðər əˈnɔɪɪŋ, ɛz, baɪ ðə taɪm ðɪs ˈriˌfənd ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈsɛtəlz, bitcoin”*” kʊd bi ˈsəmθɪŋ wi laɪk: ə bigblock-bitcoin*, ə smallblock-bitcoin*, ər səm ˈwərθləs ˈʃæˌdoʊ əv ˈfɔrmər ˈglɔri. ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈprɑbləm ɪz: ɪn ðə taɪm bɪtˈwin ɑr ənd ðə pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ (boʊθ taɪmz fər 1), ðə ˈvælju əv ðət 1 maɪt hæv ˈfɑlən. tɪ ɪˈskeɪp ɔl əv ðiz ˈprɑbləmz, ɪt wʊd bi nis ɪf wi wər ˈbɛtɪŋ ɪn ˈsəmθɪŋ non-btc*, laɪk ˈjuˈɛs ˈdɔlərz (ər goʊld, djia*, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə). tɪ du ðət ˌpɪrtoʊˈpɪr maɪt sim, æt fərst glæns, tɪ bi ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl. ˈivɪn blockstream*, ˈkræftɪŋ ðɛr pɛg, kən ˈoʊnli roʊl aʊt kəmˈpitɪŋ rɪˈfəndəbəl ɪn, nɑt ɪn usd*. wət kaɪnd əv ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈmæʤɪk kʊd ɪˈneɪbəl ˈsəmθɪŋ soʊ ˈbjutəfəl? wɛl, aɪ θɪŋk ˈiziər ðən ɪt lʊks: ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ðə praɪs əv fɔl ɪgˈzæktli tɪ ˈziroʊ (ˈmeɪkɪŋ boʊθ ðə ənd kəmˈplitli ˈvæljuləs [ənd, ɪn fækt, ðə rate”*” ˈvæljuz ʃʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli bi rate)”*)” fər ðɪs ənd ˈəðər ˈrizənz]), ˈpərʧəsɪz əv steɪts wʊd geɪn ˈvælju ɛz ðə fˈjuʧər praɪs fɔlz, ənd luz ˈvælju ɛz ðə fˈjuʧər praɪs ˈraɪzɪz. ðə prɪˈsaɪs mæθ gɪts ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd, bət ɪt stɪl ʧɛks aʊt: wən kən spɛnd ɛks ˈdɔlərz ɔn ˈsəmθɪŋ, ənd ɪf ðə du wət ju wɔnt ɪt tɪ du, gɪt æt list ɛks ˈdɔlərz bæk. ɪf ðə dɪz du wət ju wɔnt ɪt tɪ du, ju gɪt mɔr kæʃ ɪf jʊr goʊl ˈmɛtrɪk (ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪt ɪz) ˌɪnˈkrisɪz, ənd lɛs kæʃ ɪf ɪt ˈdiˌkrisɪz. ɪf ɪt stɪl filz ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl, hir ər səm sˈniki ˈfaɪˌnæns trɪks ðət ðoʊz əv ju ɪn ðə kəmˈpjutər saɪəns dɪˈpɑrtmənt maɪt nɑt noʊ əˈbaʊt. wɪθ ˈlɛvərɪʤ (ənd ˈkeɪviˌæts), ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən kən bɪˈkəm ˌrɛplɪˈkeɪʃən. ɪf ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈpraɪsɪz fər ˈsəmθɪŋ ər 25 ənd ˈfaɪnəl ˈpraɪsɪz ˈkænɑt goʊ əˈbəv ðɛn ɪt maɪt sim ðət ðə haɪəst ˈpɑsəbəl rɪˈtərn wʊd bi ˈməltəˌplaɪɪŋ ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt baɪ 4 ər 300 bət ɪf ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt fɔlz frəm 300 tɪ 30 ɪt wɪl hæv ˈdiˌkrist baɪ ə ˈfæktər əv 10 haʊ kən wi ˈɛvər hoʊp tɪ wɪn ɪˈnəf bæk tɪ meɪk əp fər ɑr ˈlɔsɪz (ɛks ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ɛz ðə ˈmɑrkɪts mɪn ənd mæks gɪt haɪər, ənd ˈkloʊzər, wi hæv ðə rɪˈvərs ˈprɑbləm. ɪf ðə mɪn ɪz ənd ðə mæks ɪz ðə piɛm ˈpraɪsɪz maɪt ʃɪft frəm tɪ wɪʧ wʊd ˈməltəˌplaɪ ən ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt baɪ 5 400 dɪˈspaɪt ðə fækt ðət ðɪs (ˈprɑbəˌbli) ˌkɔrəˈspɑndz tɪ ə ʃɪft frəm tɪ (ə rɪˈtərn əv ə ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl səˈluʃən tɪ ðiz ˈprɑbləmz: ˌɪnˈvɛst ə pərˈsɛnɪʤ əv ðə ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ˈprɪnsəpəl. ˈsəmˌwən ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛst 500 maɪt ˈoʊnli ˈæˌkʧuəli spɛnd 70 ɔn ðə pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ, ənd kip ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ 430 ɪn kæʃ, ðə pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ ənd rɪˈdusɪŋ ðə ˈmægnəˌtud əv ðə rɪˈtərnz. ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋli, wən kən stɑrt wɪθ 500 ənd juz dɛt tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛst mɔr ðən 100 ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ðə ˈmægnəˌtud əv ðə rɪˈtərnz. əv kɔrs, ɔl əv ðɪs stɑps ˈwərkɪŋ ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ɪf ðə ˈriˌllaɪf ˈvælju ˈkræʃɪz ˈɪntu ˈiðər ðə mɪn ər mæks baʊnd. æt ðɪs pɔɪnt wi noʊ ˈlɔŋgər hæv ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈpərfəktli ˈkɔrəˌleɪtəd wɪθ ðə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈæˌsɛt (ɪn fækt ɪt ɪz naʊ kəmˈplitli uncorrelated*). ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈfleɪts ðə ɪn ɔl dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli (ˈoʊnli ə ˈsɪŋgəl dɪˈgri əv ˈfridəm ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˈhɪtɪŋ ə ˈsɪŋgəl target”*”). ðɛr ɪz əv ˈivɪn ˈgreɪtər kəmˈplɛksɪti tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs boʊθ ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz (ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈməltəpəl treɪdz ɪn ˈməltəpəl ˈmɑrkɪts, fər ðət ˈmæʤɪk kəmz wɪθ nu əˈsəmpʃənz ənd ˈwɔrnɪŋz wɪʧ ər aʊt əv ðə skoʊp əv ðɪs poʊst. ˈɑrbɪˌtrɑʒ ˌgɛrənˈtiz ðət pv(forward*) spɑt ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ˈəpər dɪˈmɛnʃən rɪˈfərz ˈoʊnli tɪ ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt ɔn ə ˈsɪŋgəl fˈjuʧər deɪt, ðə praɪs əv ðət dɪˈmɛnʃən (ðə praɪs əv ˈvərsəz wɪl ˈɔlˌweɪz træk ðə ˈkɑrənt ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt ɔn ɔl deɪts, æt ɔl taɪmz. tɪ si waɪ, ˌɪˈmæʤən ˈɛni keɪs wɛr ðə piɛm praɪs ˈdɪfərd frəm ˈkɑrənt praɪs səm interest”*”. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, seɪ ðə piɛm praɪs ɪz 400 bət ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈrilˌwərld ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt ɪz 300 ɪn ðɪs keɪs, ˈɛniˌwən kən ˈkɑndəkt ˈprɑfətəbəl ˈɑrbɪˌtrɑʒ baɪ ˈʃɔrtɪŋ ɪn ðə piɛm (ˈpərʧəsɪŋ wɪʧ gɪts ðə ˌɪnˈvərs əv ə btc-return*, ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ 400 ənd baɪɪŋ ə ˈrilˌwərld (wɪʧ gɪts ðə [non-inverse*] btc-return*, ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ 300 wɪn ðə ˈvæljuz ˈikwəˌlaɪz ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər ðə ˈɑrbɪˌtrɑʒər wɪl ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ˈprɑfɪts (əv ˈtreɪdərz ˈkɑnstəntli sik aʊt ənd ˌɛkˈsplɔɪt ðiz ˈprɑfɪts, ɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ ðət ðə træks ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt æt ɔl taɪmz. ˌpɑsəˈbɪlətiz wi kən hæv ɛz ˈmɛni ˈmɑrkɪts ɛz wi laɪk, ɔn ɛz ˈmɛni ˈtɑpɪks ɛz ðə ““oracles”*” (bɪˈloʊ) wɪl ˈtɑlərˌeɪt. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, wən maɪt ˈproʊdus wən wɪθ 8 steɪts: 4 əˈgɛnst 2 ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt ɪkˈstrimz (ˌɪnˈstɛd əv [tɔp: ““base”*”, ˈbɑtəm: 1mb”*”], [lɛft: raɪt: wi kʊd ɪkˈstɛnd ðɪs tɪ [tɔp: ““base”*”, ˈəpər: mb”*”, loʊər: mb”*”, ˈbɑtəm: mb”*”], [lɛft: raɪt: ðɪs wʊd əˈlaʊ ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ˌɪnˈfər ðə ““optimal”*” blɑk saɪz fər ðɪs ˈmɛtrɪk. səm ˈproʊˌtɛst ðə ˈtaɪmɪŋ əv ðə (tɪ ðɛm, ˈəltəmətli ˈnɛsəˌsɛri) ˌɪnˈkris; tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ðə ˈɑptɪməl ˈtaɪmɪŋ wɪʧ wi kʊd ˌɪnˈstɛd ˈleɪbəl ðə roʊz tɪ 8 ˈæftər deɪt 1 ˌɪnˈkris tɪ 8 ˈæftər deɪt 2 etc”*”. ɪt wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈjusfəl tɪ juz ˈdɪfərənt goʊl ˈmɛtrɪks tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ˈəðər kənˈsərnz: ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn infrastructure”*”, əv fʊl noʊdz 6 mənθ average)”*)”, ˌprɑpəˈgeɪʃən taɪm 6 mənθ average)”*)”, əv əˈnəðər hɑrd fɔrk ˈæftər ðɪs one”*”, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. ɪn ɔl ˈkeɪsɪz, ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz kən prɪˈdɪkt ðə ˈifɛkt əv ðə ɔn iʧ ˈmɛtrɪk, ənd bi rɪˈwɔrdɪd ɪf kərˈɛkt, ənd ˈpənɪʃt ɪf ˌɪnkərˈɛkt. ðiz priˈdɪkʃənz əˈbaʊt ðə fˈjuʧər, ˈproʊdus ˈmɑrkɪt ˈpraɪsɪz (rɪˈlaɪəbəl ˈdætə) fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ɪgˈzæmɪn təˈdeɪ. ˈpræktɪkəl dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ˈgəvərnəns ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪz nɑt ɪf governance”*” ɪz ə ˈsɛntrəl pɔɪnt əv ˈfeɪljər. jɛt, ˌɪnˈfɔrməl ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz ər ənˈsteɪbəl ənd ˌɪnɪˈfɛktɪv. ˈmɑrkɪts ər -baɪ fɑr- ðə moʊst ɪˈfɪʃənt ənd ˈskeɪləbəl ˈgəvərnəns ˈstrəkʧər, ənd ðeɪ ər ˈɔlsoʊ (naʊ) ˈkeɪpəbəl əv biɪŋ dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd. ðɪs rɪkˈwaɪrmənts maɪ oʊn ˈprɑʤɛkt fər ɪnˈtaɪərli priˈdɪkʃən ˈmɑrkɪts ɪz ˈnɪrli ˈfɪnɪʃt, bət ɪt stɪl rikˈwaɪərz kwaɪt ə bɪt əv ˈfɔrməl ˌrivˈju ənd ˈtɛstɪŋ. ˈminˌwaɪl wi kən strɪp ɪt daʊn tɪ ðə bɛr, well-behaved*, ˈpisɪz ənd æsk ðə ˈfɛdərˌeɪtɪd ““functionaries”*” tɪ du ʤɪst ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr (ɪnˈtaɪərli non-judgemental*) wərk. ˌɪnˈgridiənts ɪn ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈfɛdərˌeɪtɪd pɛg (peɪʤ 17 ɪn səm ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ər grup (““oracle(s)”*)”) tɪ ˈækjərətli rɪˈpɔrt (ˈæftər ðə fækt) ə fju ˈsɪmpəl ˈdætə pɔɪnts: ɔn ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈʧɔɪsɪz 1, 6, 20). nuˈmɛrɪkli ɔn ˈɛni ˈrɛləvənt goʊl ˈmɛtrɪks ɪn wɪʧ wi ər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd (ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər, ðə ˈnəmbər əv fʊl noʊdz, kɔst tɪ rən ə fʊl noʊd, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə). ɔn ˈɛni səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈʧɔɪsɪz wi maɪt bi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn tæks, ˈlaɪtɪŋ ˈnɛtˌwərk dɪˈplɔɪmənt, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə). tɪ ““trust”*” ðət ðə ˈsɔfˌwɛr həz bɪn əˈsɛmbəld kərˈɛktli. (ˈɔpʃənəl bət ˈhɛlpfəl) səm ˈməni tɪ pleɪs æt ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə tɪ ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli ˌɪmˈbju ɪt wɪθ lɪkˈwɪdɪti. ˈrɛsəpi ˈtɛknɪkəl əˈgrimənt ɔn ˌfizəˈbɪləti (si əˈbəv) ənd dɪˌzaɪrəˈbɪlɪti (si bɪˈloʊ). strɪp daʊn ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ wərk hir (ənd hir ənd ðə ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən hir) tɪ ə element”*” kənˈsɪstɪŋ əv ʤɪst ə fju ˈmɑrkɪts (ənd ˈpərpəsfəli ˈlækɪŋ ˈɛni əˈbɪləˌtiz ˈəðər ðən: 1 dɪˈpɑzət, 2 wɪθˈdrɔ, ɪn ðiz 4 ˈmɑrkɪts, 7 fɪks ˈfaɪnəl ˈpraɪsɪz). səˈlɛkʃən əv ðə (ˈpɑsəbli: ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz hu oʊn ər ˈmænɪʤ ˈlɔŋˈtərm, ˈrɛpjətəbəl ər ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz, ər ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz hu ər ˈwɛlθi). tɛst, ənd tərn ɔn ðə sidechain*. ˈtreɪdərz treɪd, wi lərn wət tɪ du. məʧ ˈleɪtər, fɪks ˈfaɪnəl ˈpraɪsɪz baɪ səbˈmɪtɪŋ ðɛr saɪnd ˈænsərz. ˈtreɪdərz rɪˈdim æt ˈfaɪnəl ˈpraɪsɪz. ˈɛvriˌwən gɪts wət ðeɪ bɔt. ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs, ɔl lərn ə lɔt əˈbaʊt dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ˈmɑrkɪts,, ənd ˈsteɪʤɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪts tɪ. ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt kʊd ˈizəli bi rɪˈpitɪd fər ˈɛvəri nu ˈgəvərnəns kˈwɛʃən. ɑr ˈkɑrənt ɔlˈtərnətɪvz sək aɪ rɪˈfər tɪ ɑr ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔlˈtərnətɪvz: /r/bitcoin*, ˈmeɪlɪŋ lɪsts, ənd chatrooms*. ðeɪ wərk ənd ðɛr ˈprɑbləmz wɪl ˈdipən ɛz bɪˈkəmz mɔr ˈpɑpjələr ənd mɔr ˈvæljəbəl (θˈrɛtənɪŋ). ðə ˈbeɪsɪks briz θru ðə ˈkərəntli noʊn ˈprɑbləmz wɪθ ðə ɔlˈtərnətɪvz, ˈmeɪnli r/bitcoin*: ðət ðoʊz hu sik ˌɛkspərˈtiz ˈvælədeɪt (ər ˈivɪn aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ) wət ðeɪ rɛd, ðoʊz wɪθ ˌɛkspərˈtiz rɪˈpɔrt frəˈstreɪʃən æt ˈhævɪŋ ðɛr vjuz ər ˌmɪsrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd, baɪəs goʊz ˌəndɪˈtɛktɪd (ər over-detected*), ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz ər ˈduplɪˌkeɪtɪd (ər mɪˈspleɪst), ˈfɑlɪŋ ˈreɪʃiˌoʊz ˌɪnˈvaɪt ə ˈsɛptɪk fjuˈtɪləti ˈɪntu iʧ ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən. ˈɔlˌmoʊst noʊ wən ɪz pəˈlaɪt, ənd, ɪn fækt, ˈɛvriˌwən ˈʤɛnərəli bɪˈheɪvz ɪn ə weɪ ðət wʊd draɪv ɔf ˈɛni ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ˈpərsən (bət ɪf ðeɪ soʊ ˈkrɪtɪkəl, θɪŋz maɪt ˈivɪn bi wərs). ðə əˈloʊn ˈoʊˈkeɪ, teɪk ɪt tɪ ðə nɛkst ˈlɛvəl. ˈæftər ɔl, ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈgəvərnəns əv ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt. ɔn ðə ə fju ˈpipəl raɪt, ənd ˈmɛni ˈpipəl rɛd. ðə (ˈspoʊkən) θɔts əv ˈsɑkrəˌtiz ɔn ðə ˈrɪtən wərd ər wərθ ˈmɛnʃənɪŋ: ðɪs ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən [ˈraɪtɪŋ] ju hæv ˌɪnˈvɛntɪd ən ɪˈlɪksər nɑt əv ˈmɛməri, bət əv riˈmaɪndɪŋ; ənd ju ˈɔfər jʊr ˈpjupəlz ðə əˈpɪrəns əv ˈwɪzdəm, nɑt tru ˈwɪzdəm, fər ðeɪ wɪl rɛd ˈmɛni θɪŋz wɪˈθaʊt ˌɪnˈstrəkʃən ənd wɪl ˈðɛrˌfɔr sim tɪ noʊ ˈmɛni θɪŋz, wɪn ðeɪ ər fər ðə moʊst pɑrt ˈɪgnərənt ənd hɑrd tɪ gɪt əˈlɔŋ wɪθ, sɪns ðeɪ ər nɑt waɪz, bət ˈoʊnli əˈpɪr waɪz. hi hu θɪŋks, ðɛn, ðət hi həz lɛft bɪˈhaɪnd ɪm ˈɛni ɑrt ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ, ənd hi hu rɪˈsivz ɪt ɪn ðə bɪˈlif ðət ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ wɪl bi klɪr ənd ˈsərtən, wʊd bi ən ˈətərli ˈsɪmpəl ˈpərsən, ənd ɪn truθ ˈɪgnərənt əv ðə ˈprɑfəsi əv ˈæmən, ɪf hi θɪŋks ˈrɪtən wərdz ər əv ˈɛni juz ɪkˈsɛpt tɪ riˈmaɪnd ðə ˈmætər əˈbaʊt wɪʧ ðeɪ ər written.”*.” –(–(socrates*, 274c-275b*, ˈɛmfəsɪs ˈædɪd) ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli, ɪz juzd tɪ ɪˈneɪbəl ə ˈdaɪəˌlɔg (ðə ““ama”*”). ɪn səʧ ˈkeɪsɪz, ˈɛvriˌwən hu æst ə kˈwɛʃən wʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈmɛrət socrates’*’ əˈpruvəl. ɔn ˈmeɪlɪŋ lɪsts, ðə ər ˈsimɪŋli ðə ˈoʊnli ˈrɛləvənt ˈsɛkʃənz əv ðə ɪnˈtaɪər dɪˈskəʃən (ˈəðər ðən tɪ steɪt laɪk məst bi careful”*” ər skeɪl ðə weɪ ɪt ɪz kənˈfɪgjərd raɪt now”*”). maɪ ˈpərsɪnəl əˈpɪnjən ɪz ðət, frəm ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ““discussion”*” ðəs fɑr, aɪ hæv (rɪˈlaɪəbli) ˈlərnɪd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈnəθɪŋ. ɪf ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, aɪ hæv ˈoʊnli ˈlərnɪd əˈbaʊt hu, ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤəli, aɪ dɪsˈlaɪk (wɪʧ dɪz nɑt ˈrɪli hɛlp wɪθ ðə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ kˈwɛʃən). ðə steɪt əv ðə dəˈbeɪt simz tɪ rɪˈflɛkt noʊ ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈɪnfoʊ ˌwətsoʊˈɛvər, ˌɪnˈstɛd ˈmɪrli ðə ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ əv (ˈjuzərz hu spɛnd mɔr ɔn trænˈzækʃən fiz ðən ɔn ðɛr fʊl noʊdz) tɪ (ˈjuzərz hu spɛnd mɔr ɔn ðɛr fʊl noʊdz ðən ɔn trænˈzækʃən fiz), ənd hu wɑz frɛndz wɪθ hu ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən ˈstɑrtɪd. ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɪz nɑt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv ju ˈnoʊtɪst ə bɪg ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ˈɑrgjəmənts ɪkˈspɪriənst ɪn ril laɪf, ənd ˈɑrgjəmənts ɪkˈspɪriənst ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt? waɪl ðə ˈriˌllaɪf ˈɑrgjəmənts ˈəltəmətli ˈproʊdus ðə fəˈnɑməˌnɑn əv ““agreement”*”, sim mɔr kənˈtɛnʃəs. aɪ θɪŋk ðət ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz əv exit”*”: ðoʊz hu lərn ðə ˈænsər liv ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən (ənd du soʊ wɪˈθaʊt ˈɔltərɪŋ ðə steɪt: noʊ ˈhævɪŋ tɪ ədˈmɪt ðət ðeɪ wər rɔŋ, noʊ ˈfilɪŋ ˈɑbləˌgeɪtɪd tɪ goʊ bæk ənd kənˈvɪns ˈəðərz, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə). seɪ ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt həz vjuərz, əv wɪʧ əˈgri wɪθ ə ˈgɪvɪn ˈsteɪtmənt, ənd 5 dɪsəˈgri. wət wɪl ðə ˈpəblɪk si ɪn ðə ˈkɑmɛnts ˈsɛkʃən? 1 ˈprɪnsəpəl dɪˈsɛntər ˈɑrgjuɪŋ wɪθ 1 ˈprɪnsəpəl ɪnˈdɔrsər free-exits)…until*? ɪf wən drɑps aʊt, əˈnəðər ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ teɪk hɪz pleɪs. əbˈzərvərz wɪl hæv noʊ ˈizi weɪ tɪ tɛl wɪn (ɪf) ðə dəˈbeɪt həz kənˈkludɪd, ər wət ðə kənˈkluʒən wɑz. ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, noʊ wən kən tɛl haʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl əˈgri wɪθ ˈsəmθɪŋ. hir ɪz ən ˈɪntərˌnɛt dɪˈskəʃən kənˈteɪnɪŋ ə ““debate”*” ˈoʊvər haʊ ˈmɛni deɪz ðɛr ər ɪn ə wik. ðə ““debate”*” kən, ɪf ju ər nɑt ˈkɛrfəl, ˈɔlˌmoʊst meɪk ju ˈivɪn wən əv moʊst fækts. ˌɪˈmæʤən ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl keɪɑs ən debate”*” kən du tɪ ju, wɪn ju ɔˈrɛdi noʊ ðət ðə ˈɪʃu ɪz ə ˈsɛtəld wən (æt ““seven”*”). fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈpərsən həz ˈgɪvɪn əp ɔn pruf əv steɪk, tɪ ðə pɔɪnt wɛr ɪt ɪz ˈoʊpənli læft æt ənd ˈrɪdəˌkjuld æt ˈkɑnfərənsəz. bət ju noʊ ɪt frəm ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, wɛr ɪt simz laɪk ““pro-pos”*” ənd ““anti-pos”*” ər iʧ wən əv tu pɔɪnts əv vju. ðə ˈtɛknɪkəl ɪˈlit ər ˈsɪmpli taɪərd əv rɪˈpitɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz. jɛt ðə vɔɪs əv ðə ˈmɑrkɪt spiks ˈtaɪrləsli. ðə ˈpiˈoʊˈɛs ˈhoʊlˌdaʊts ˈstrəgəl tɪ əbˈteɪn əv marketcap*, ənd mɔr ˈtɛlɪŋ fər ən upstart–*– kəˈmænd ˈɔlˌmoʊst nən əv ðə ˈfəndɪŋ ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt. ðeɪ kənˈsɪstəntli luz tɪ laɪk ənd dogecoin*. maɪ ˈmɛsɪʤ: ˈmɑrkɪts dɪˈskəʃənz. maɪ kənˈsərnz wɪθ ðɪs aɪˈdiə ðət ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt goal-metric”*” ˈæˌkʧuəli (ɪt ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ veɪg, laɪk ɪz sɛt fər fˈjuʧər hɑrd forks’*’). ðət ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt bi ˈmɛʒərəbəl ənˈtɪl ðə fɑr fˈjuʧər ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk sərˈvaɪvz, wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈteɪˌkoʊvər, ənˈtɪl wɪʧ minz ðət ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz maɪt nid tɪ lɑk ɪn ðɛr bɛts fər ə lɔŋ taɪm. ðət ˈfɔrsɪz ˌɪnərˈfɪr wɪθ ðə ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt əv ðɪs aɪˈdiə. ðə ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl ɔn boʊθ saɪdz si ðɪs ɛz ə ˈʧælənʤ tɪ ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl nɪʧ ɛz blockchain-experts*, ənd kənˈspaɪər tɪ ˈriʤɛkt ðə aɪˈdiə (ər dɪˈskɑrd ðə aɪˈdiə) ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ðɛr məˈnɑpəli ɔn ˈrɛləvəns. kənˈkluʒən sim tɪ bi ˈduəbəl, ðeɪ wʊd əˈlaʊ tɪ əv ðə ɪn wɪʧ ðeɪ ər ˈkərəntli træpt, ənd əˈlaʊ ðə kəmˈjunɪti ɛz ə hoʊl tɪ geɪn ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈhaɪli rɪˈlaɪəbəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ðə ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv ə ˌɪnˈkris (ˈɪnfoʊ wɪʧ ɪz ˈvæljəbəl ənd wɪʧ wi ˈkərəntli du nɑt hæv). pliz ɪˈneɪbəl ˈʤɑvəˌskrɪpt tɪ vju ðə ˈkɑmɛnts paʊərd baɪ.
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leave this lunatic “debate” behind. with a simple (temporary, and optional) sidechain, one can buy a “refund” on unwanted bitcoin-blocksizes. the prices of these refunds give us unanimously-agreed info which is clear, accurate, and unbiased (unlike the info we currently get).
the “decentralized governance” problem
why the blocksize conversation matters
disaster has struck the bitcoin community. for the first time, something un-ignoreable has been proposed: a protocol change (“hard fork”).
ordinarily, the protocol’s network-effects would protect the community from “anyone capable of causing serious damage to bitcoin”. however, today they make the blocksize conversation mandatory and dangerous. all users, regardless of intelligence or expertise or other virtue, will be forced to adopt whichever network they think everyone else is adopting.
this compulsion means that, for the first time, the opinion of the ignorant masses (if misled, or merely divided) can actually destroy bitcoin.
the problem isn’t tech…it’s info
with the stakes this high, and with “the opinions of uninformed community members” now a kind of “asset” (manipulable “votes” in a pseudo-democracy), nothing could be more important than a rational and productive discussion of the relevant facts.
and this is merely the first “contentious hard fork”, of who knows how many.
the prediction market solution
buy only the bitcoin-type you want. bet-on / profit-from the foolishness of others. view all of the relevant blocksize-info in one easy-to-understand location.
a good fit
prediction markets (pms) excel at aggregating, filtering, and broadcasting information.
they work best when we have:
many, heterogeneous information-sources (ie, the problem has many facets and perspectives, each of unknown relevance and reliability, which must all be considered simultaneously). a clear and measurable goal-metric (ie, usd/btc exchange rate in the future) and decision-metric (blocksize increase). (optional) funding to subsidize the market (to help ‘pay’ for the information).
pms can easily outshine the talk-alternative (ie, the bitcoin subreddit, more below), and the wait-and-see alternative (which, in this case, is a rather disconcerting one…as the damage done to bitcoin’s reputation by a contentious hard fork is potentially catastrophic).
consider the 2x2 prediction market (above).
it is inherently viable (can passively entice trading) in two ways: it produces a “bitusd” with the purchase of states {1, 2}.
it creates arbitrage opportunities between the real-world exchange rate the pm’s horizontal dimension (state 1 vs. 3, and 2 vs. 4). it allows individuals to insure against the transition to a new blocksize (or against the failure to transition). purchases of {1, 3} grant the owner cash (in btc) if bitcoin does not increase its blocksize, and purchases of {2, 4} grant the owner cash if bitcoin does increase its blocksize. best of all, it allows users to do something truly extraordinary: make purchases either of one type of bitcoin or the other; if bitcoin evolves in a direction in which traders do not approve, these traders get all of their original investment back.
opt-out of the debate
(for greater technical detail, check out the blocksize tab of my msr excel sheet or a browser-friendlier google docs spreadsheet i threw together for this post.)
a “pro-increase portfolio” (pip), has states {1, 3, 4*} purchased in specific quantities: 1 of {1}, 1 of {3}, and enough of {4} to achieve a total investment outlay of 1 unit (1 btc, 1 mbtc, etc).
if the blocksize fails to increase…share {4} will be worthless, but {1} and {3} must together be worth 1 unit, producing the full refund.
if the blocksize does increase…{1} and {3} are worth zero, but the remaining shares of {4} grant traders a long position in the bitcoin exchange rate. the quantity of {4} shares, determined earlier, will sell for an amount of revenue that, combined with the given original cost of 1 unit, always replicates the return on the bitcoin exchange rate itself.
buying the pip is like buying a “bitcoin” that you can return if the blocksize doesn’t increase.
of course, there’s no “free lunch” in finance: as the market “prices in” expectations about the relationship between blocksize and exchange rate (see below), the single current btc exchange rate will actually diverge into two (which is desireable, see below). the pip will become more expensive (and offer lower returns) if the market believes that an increased blocksize would result in a relatively higher exchange rate. conversely, if the market felt that increasing the blocksize would lead to a relatively lower exchange rate, the pip would become cheaper (and offer higher returns). as always, markets reward those who earliest provide accurate information the most.
it should be obvious that this logic is identical for the converse “anti-increase” portfolio (consisting of states {2, 4, 3*}), which entitles traders to “bitcoin” unless the blocksize increases, in which case they get a refund. other portfolios exist, for example {1, 2, 3*}, a kind of “hard-fork fear portfolio”: one goes long bitcoin if the network keeps the 1 mb blocksize, goes short bitcoin if the network increases the blocksize, but, regardless of which happens, gets refunded if the price of bitcoin collapses (a full refund, in btc [see below], if the price collapses to $0, the minimum value in this example).
win-win-win: prices create reliable information
as trading progresses, onlookers would, today, be able to use current market prices to see and compare two future exchange rates: the first where the future blockchain uses a 1 mb blocksize, and the second where the future blockchain uses a >1 mb blocksize. from there, the community would know the implications of the blocksize-decision (ie “if we increase the blocksize, bitcoin will fall to $150”). those who “disagree” are either lying, choosing not to maximize their expected value, or experiencing some kind of psychological episode of self-ignorance (or “bias”). all three types can (and should) be safely ignored.
changing the units
astute readers will notice that, when the user gets their “refund”, it will be 1 sidechained-bitcoin (to match the single sidechained-bitcoin which they invested). this is rather annoying, as, by the time this refund actually settles, “a bitcoin” could be something we don’t like: a bigblock-bitcoin, a smallblock-bitcoin, or some worthless shadow of bitcoin’s former glory. the general problem is: in the time between our purchase-of and sale-of the portfolio (both times for 1 btc), the value of that 1 btc might have fallen. to escape all of these problems, it would be nice if we were betting in something non-btc, like us dollars (or gold, djia, etc).
to do that peer-to-peer might seem, at first glance, to be impossible. even blockstream, arduously crafting their 2-way peg, can only roll out competing blockchains refundable in btc, not in usd. what kind of technical magic could enable something so beautiful?
well, i think it’s easier than it looks:
as long as the price of btc doesn’t fall exactly to zero (making both the btc and sidechained-btc completely valueless [and, in fact, the “exchange rate” values should probably be “log(exchange rate)” for this and other reasons]), purchases of states 1-4 would gain value as the future usd/btc price falls, and lose value as the future usd/btc price rises.
the precise math gets a little more complicated, but it still checks out: one can spend x dollars on something, and if the blocksize doesn’t do what you want it to do, get at least x dollars back. if the blocksize does do what you want it to do, you get more cash if your goal metric (whatever it is) increases, and less cash if it decreases.
if it still feels impossible, here are some sneaky finance tricks that those of you in the computer science department might not know about.
with leverage (and caveats), correlation can become replication.
if initial prices for something are .25, and final prices cannot go above 1.0, then it might seem that the highest possible return would be multiplying one’s investment by 4, or +300%. but if the exchange rate falls from $300 to $30, it will have decreased by a factor of 10. how can we ever hope to win enough bitcoin back (x4) to make up for our losses (x 1/10)?
on the other hand, as the markets min and max get higher, and closer, we have the reverse problem. if the min is 1,000 and the max is 1,005, the pm prices might shift from 0.2 to 1.0, which would multiply an investment by 5 (+400%), despite the fact that this (probably) corresponds to a shift from 1,001 to 1,005 (a return of ~000.399%).
there’s a theoretical solution to these problems: invest a percentage of the investment principal. someone looking to invest $500 might only actually spend 70$ on the portfolio, and keep the remaining $430 in cash, de-levering the portfolio and reducing the magnitude of the gain/loss returns. correspondingly, one can start with $500, and use debt to invest more than 100%, increasing the magnitude of the returns.
of course, all of this stops working immediately if the real-life value crashes into either the min or max bound. at this point we no longer have something perfectly correlated with the underlying asset (in fact it is now completely uncorrelated). it also inflates the risk-return in all directions simultaneously (only a single degree of freedom capable of hitting a single “mandatory target”). there is finance-magic of even greater complexity to address both limitations (involving multiple trades in multiple markets, for example)…but that magic comes with new assumptions and warnings which are out of the scope of this post.
arbitrage guarantees that pv(forward) = spot
although the upper dimension refers only to the exchange rate on a single future date, the price of that dimension (the price of sum(1,2,3,4) versus sum(states 5,6,7,8)) will always track the current usd/btc exchange rate on all dates, at all times.
to see why, imagine any case where the pm price differed from “the current bitcoin price + some interest”. for example, say the pm price is $400, but the current real-world exchange rate is $300. in this case, anyone can conduct profitable arbitrage by shorting in the pm (purchasing sum(1,2,3,4), which gets the inverse of a btc-return, expecting +$400) and buying a real-world btc (which gets the [non-inverse] btc-return, expecting -$300); when the values equalize in the future the arbitrageur will enjoy risk-free profits (of fv($100)). traders constantly seek out and exploit these risk-free profits, ensuring that the upper-dimension tracks the usd/btc exchange rate at all times.
possibilities
we can have as many markets as we like, on as many topics as the “oracles” (below) will tolerate.
for example, one might produce one with 8 states: 4 blocksize-possibilities against 2 exchange rate extremes (instead of [ [top: “base”, bottom: “ > 1mb”], [left: “$0”, right: “$50000”] ] we could extend this to [ [top: “base”, upper: “2 mb”, lower: “8 mb”, bottom: “20 mb”], [left: “$0”, right: “$50000”] ]). this would allow us to infer the “optimal” block size for this metric. some protest the timing of the (to them, ultimately necessary) blocksize increase; to address the optimal timing which we could instead label the rows “increase to 8 mb blocksize after date 1, increase to 8 mb blocksize after date 2 etc”.
it would also be useful to use different goal metrics to address other concerns: “vc investment in bitcoin infrastructure”, “number of full nodes (6 month average)”, “average blockchain propagation time (6 month average)”, “likelihood of another hard fork after this one”, etc. in all cases, individuals can predict the effect of the blocksize on each metric, and be rewarded if correct, and punished if incorrect. these incentive-compatible predictions about the future, produce market prices (reliable data) for us to examine today.
practical decentralized governance
the bitcoin network is not p2p if “protocol governance” is a central point of failure. yet, informal internet conversations are unstable and ineffective. markets are -by far- the most efficient and scalable governance structure, and they are also (now) capable of being decentralized.
this idea’s requirements
my own project for entirely p2p prediction markets is nearly finished, but it still requires quite a bit of formal review and testing. meanwhile we can strip it down to the bare, well-behaved, older/already-proven pieces and ask the federated “functionaries” to do just a little more (entirely non-judgemental) work.
ingredients
semi-trust in the sidechains technology, including federated peg (page 17).
semi-trust in some individuals or group (“oracle(s)”) to accurately report (after the fact) a few simple data points: true/false on a number of blockchain choices (1 mb, 6 mb, 20 mb). numerically on any relevant goal metrics in which we are interested (the exchange rate in the future, the number of full nodes, cost to run a full node, etc). true/false on any supporting choices we might be interested in (meni’s pigouvian tax, lighting network deployment, etc).
to “trust” that the software has been assembled correctly.
(optional but helpful) some money to place at the center of the msr to permanently imbue it with liquidity.
recipe
technical agreement on feasibility (see above) and desirability (see below). strip down the existing work here (and here and the documentation here) to a bare-bones “temporary element” consisting of just a few predefined markets (and purposefully lacking any abilities other than: [1] deposit btc, [2] withdraw btc, [3-6] buy/sell/redeem/donate-liquidity in these 4 predefined markets, [7] oracle-functionaries fix final prices). selection of the oracle-functionaries (possibly: individuals who own or manage long-term, reputable bitcoin-businesses or organizations, or individuals who are bitcoin wealthy). test, and turn on the sidechain. traders trade, we learn what to do. much later, oracle-functionaries fix final prices by submitting their signed answers. traders redeem at final prices. everyone gets what they bought.
in the process, we’d all learn a lot about decentralized markets, sidechains, and staging updates to bitcoin. the experiment could easily be repeated for every new governance question.
our current alternatives suck
i refer to our conversation / information alternatives: /r/bitcoin, mailing lists, and chatrooms. they don’t work and their problems will deepen as btc becomes more popular and more valuable (threatening).
the basics
let’s breeze through the currently known problems with the alternatives, mainly r/bitcoin: that those who seek expertise can’t validate (or even identify) what they read, those with expertise report frustration at having their views de-emphasized or misrepresented, bias goes undetected (or over-detected), conversations are duplicated (or misplaced), falling signal-to-noise ratios invite a septic futility into each stultified conversation. almost no one is polite, and, in fact, everyone generally behaves in a way that would drive off any thinking person (but if they weren’t so critical, things might even be worse).
the do-er alone learneth
ok, let’s take it to the next level. after all, this is the governance of bitcoin we’re talking about.
on the subreddit/mailing-list a few people write, and many people read.
the (spoken) thoughts of socrates on the written word are worth mentioning:
“for this invention [writing] … you have invented an elixir not of memory, but of reminding; and you offer your pupils the appearance of wisdom, not true wisdom, for they will read many things without instruction and will therefore seem to know many things, when they are for the most part ignorant and hard to get along with, since they are not wise, but only appear wise. … he who thinks, then, that he has left behind him any art in writing, and he who receives it in the belief that anything in writing will be clear and certain, would be an utterly simple person, and in truth ignorant of the prophecy of ammon, if he thinks written words are of any use except to remind him-who-knows the matter about which they are written.” –(socrates, phaedrus 274c-275b, emphasis added)
occasionally, reddit is used to enable a dialogue (the “ama”). in such cases, everyone who asked a question would probably merit socrates’ approval. on mailing lists, the q&a are seemingly the only relevant sections of the entire discussion (other than to state mind-numbing tautologies like “we must be careful” or “bitcoin won’t scale the way it is configured right now”).
my personal opinion is that, from the entire blocksize “discussion” thus far, i have (reliably) learned almost nothing. if anything, i have only learned about who, individually, i dislike (which does not really help with the underlying blocksize question). the state of the debate seems to reflect no technical info whatsoever, instead merely the ratio of bigblock-users (users who spend more on transaction fees than on their full nodes) to smallblock-users (users who spend more on their full nodes than on transaction fees), and who was friends with who before the conversation started.
the internet is not representative
haven’t you noticed a big difference between arguments experienced in real life, and arguments experienced on the internet? while the real-life arguments ultimately produce the phenomenon of “agreement”, netizens seem more contentious.
i think that this is because of “free exit”: those who learn the answer leave the conversation (and do so without altering the conversation’s state: no having to admit that they were wrong, no feeling obligated to go back and convince others, etc). say a website has 10,000,000 viewers, of which 5,000 agree with a given statement, and 5 disagree. what will the public see in the comments section? 1 principal dissenter arguing with 1 principal endorser (9,999,998 free-exits)…until? if one arguer drops out, another is likely to take his place. observers will have no easy way to tell when (if) the debate has concluded, or what the conclusion was. on the internet, no one can tell how many people agree with something.
here is an internet discussion containing a “debate” over how many days there are in a week. the “debate” can, if you are not careful, almost make you second-guess even one of life’s most self-evident facts. imagine the internal chaos an “internet debate” can do to you, when you don’t already know that the issue is a settled one (at “seven”).
for example, almost every technical person has given up on proof of stake, to the point where it is openly laughed at and ridiculed at conferences. but you wouldn’t know it from the internet, where it seems like “pro-pos” and “anti-pos” are each one of two equally-endorsed points of view. the technical elite are simply tired of repeating themselves.
yet the voice of the market speaks tirelessly. the pos holdouts struggle to obtain 1/250th of bitcoin’s marketcap, and –even more telling for an upstart– command almost none of the space’s vc funding / capital investment. they consistently lose to completely-valueless copycoins like litecoin and dogecoin.
that’s my message: markets > discussions.
my concerns with this idea
that “the really important goal-metric” actually isn’t easily-measurable (it is something vague, like ‘precedent is set for future hard forks’). that the important goal-metric won’t be measurable until the far future (it’s something like “bitcoin survives, without a government takeover, until 2020”) which means that individuals might need to lock in their bets for a long time. that legal/regulatory forces interfere with the establishment of this idea. the influential heavy-hitters on both sides see this as a challenge to their personal niche as blockchain-experts, and conspire to reject the idea (or discard the idea) in order to maintain their monopoly on relevance.
conclusion
blocksize pms seem to be doable, they would allow bitcoin-owners to opt-out of the low-quality decision-process in which they are currently trapped, and allow the community as a whole to gain access to highly reliable information about the consequences of a blocksize increase (info which is valuable and which we currently do not have).
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ðə læst fju deɪz ɪn ˈgloʊbəl ˈfaɪˌnæns hæv bɪn mɑrkt baɪ drəˈmætɪk dɪˈvɛləpmənts ɪn ðə ˈɛnərʤi ˈsɛktər. ɔɪl ˈpraɪsɪz hæv kəˈlæpst baɪ əˈbaʊt 40 pərˈsɛnt sɪns ðɪs jɪrz pik ɪn ʤun. ðə ˈpləmətɪŋ ɔɪl ˈpraɪsɪz hæv hæd ˈnɛgətɪv ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz ɔn ɪˈkɑnəmiz əˈkrɔs ðə wərld, frəm ˈmɔˌskaʊ tɪ kərˈɑkəs tɪ ˌteɪˈrɑn. ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ɪz ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli bæd ɪn ˈrəʃə wɛr ðə ʃɑk əv ʃˈrɪŋkɪŋ ˈɛnərʤi ˈrɛvəˌnu ɪz ˈdəbəld baɪ ə ˈmɑnəˌtɛri ˈkraɪsəs. ʤɪst ɪn ðə pæst wik ðə ˈrəʃən ˈrubəl lɔst 17 pərˈsɛnt əv ɪts ˈvælju ɪn tu deɪz; ɪts ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈdɔlər həz kəˈlæpst baɪ ˈoʊvər 50 pərˈsɛnt sɪns ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə jɪr. ˈbælənsɪŋ ən ˈbəʤɪt ðə ˈɛnərʤi ˈkraɪsəs həz ɪts ˈɔrəʤən ɪn ə ˈgloʊbəl ˈsərpləs əv krud ɔɪl səˈplaɪ rɪˈzəltɪŋ frəm ə ˈræpɪd ɪkˈspænʧən əv ɔɪl pərˈdəkʃən ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ dɪsˈweɪd əˈdɪʃənəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts ɪn pərˈdəkʃən əv ʃeɪl ɔɪl ənd tɑr sændz ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə, ənd wɛʤ ə wɔr ɔn ˈmɑrkɪt ʃɛrz, ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə həz ˌvɑlənˈtɛrəli gɔn fɑr əˈbəv ɪts ˈpriviəs ˈoʊˌpɛk pərˈdəkʃən kəˈmɪtmənt. səm hæv sin ðɪs muv ɛz ə plɑt baɪ ðə əˈmɛrɪkənz tɪ ˈpənɪʃ ˈkəntriz laɪk ˌɪˈrɑn ənd ˈrəʃə. ˌɪnˈdid, ðə ʃɑrp ˈdiˌkris ɪn ɔɪl ˈpraɪsɪz tɪ 60 pər ˈbɛrəl ɪz fɑr bɪˈloʊ ðə ˈbreɪˌkivən pɔɪnt fər ˈkəntriz səʧ ɛz ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪlə ənd ˌɪˈrɑn hu nid 140 pər ˈbɛrəl tɪ ˈbæləns ðɛr ˈbəʤɪt ənd kənˈtɪnju wɪθ ðɛr ˈpɑləsiz əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈspɛndɪŋ ənd ˌɪmˈpɔrts əv ˈvaɪtəl gʊdz. ðə ˈrəʃən ɪˈkɑnəmi ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈvɛri ˈvəlnərəbəl tɪ səʧ praɪs ˌfləkʧuˈeɪʃənz ɛz ðə ˈɛnərʤi ˈsɛktər əˈkaʊnts fər əˈbaʊt hæf əv ðə steɪts ˈrɛvəˌnuz ənd ə kˈwɔrtər əv ɪts groʊs dəˈmɛstɪk ˈprɑdəkt. ˈgæmbəl tɪ əˈsum ðət ðə wɛst wʊd nɑt kənˈfrənt ɪm ˈoʊvər juˈkreɪn bɪˈkəz əv ˈɛnərʤi sɪˈkjʊrəti kənˈsərnz wɑz ə mɪˈskælkjəˈleɪʃən əv ðə ˈfɔrsɪz æt pleɪ. ðə ʃˈrɪŋkɪŋ ɔɪl ˈrɛvəˌnuz ˈkəpəld wɪθ ðə ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈsæŋkʃən ˈpækɪʤɪz hæv dɪˈstrɔɪd ˌɪnˈvɛstərz' ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪn ðə ˈrəʃən ɪˈkɑnəmi, rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn ˈrɛkərd ˈlɛvəlz əv ˈkæpɪtəl flaɪt ənd ə ˈplənʤɪŋ ˈrubəl. ðə ˈrəʃən ˈsɛntrəl bæŋk ˈdɛspərətli traɪd tɪ ˈɔfˌsɛt ðə ˈmɑnəˌtɛri kəˈlæps baɪ ə hɪˈstɔrɪk ˈɪntəˌrɛst reɪt raɪz tɪ 17 pərˈsɛnt ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt, ˈdræstɪkli ˈhæmpərɪŋ fˈjuʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ðə ˈkəntri. ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈɔlsoʊ spɛnt ə kəˈlɑsəl əˈmaʊnt əv ˈfɔrən rɪˈzərvz tɪ seɪv ɪts ˈkərənsi ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt. ˈivɪn ɪf ðiz muvz ˈmænɪʤ tɪ hɔlt ðə ˈfərðər kəˈlæps əv ðə ˈrəʃən ˈkərənsi, ðə ˈrubəl baɪ naʊ həz lɔst kwaɪt ə lɔt əv ɪts ˈvælju, səˈvɪrli ˈhərtɪŋ ˈrəʃənz' ˈpərʧəsɪŋ paʊər ənd ˈtrɪgərɪŋ ˌɪnˈfleɪʃən. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈrəʃən ˈmɪnɪstri əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈvɛləpmənt, fud ˈpraɪsɪz ɪn ˈrəʃə wɪl ˌɪnˈkris baɪ 12 pərˈsɛnt baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðɪs jɪr, ənd kənˈsərvətɪv ˈɛstəˌmeɪts fər ðə fərst mənθs əv 2015 ɔˈrɛdi sɛt ˌɪnˈfleɪʃən æt 10 pərˈsɛnt. waɪl ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈɑrgjuz ðət ə wik ˈrubəl wɪl ˌɪnˈkris ðə kəmˈpɛtɪtɪvnɪs əv ɪts ˈɛkspɔrts, ðə ˈdaʊnˌsaɪd wɪl bi ðə ˈlaɪkli ˌɪnkəˈpæsəti əv ˈrəʃən ˈkəmpəˌniz ənd bæŋks tɪ ˌriɪmˈbərs ðə ɪn dɛts tɪ ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈkrɛdɪtərz ˈskɛʤʊld fər 2015 ðə ˈlævɪʃ ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧərz ənd ɛnˈdɛmɪk kərˈəpʃən ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsoʊʧi geɪmz hæv rɪˈdust ðɛr ˈsɔlvənsi, ənd ðə ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧərz ˈnidɪd fər ðə 2018 wərld kəp wɪl bi hɑrd tɪ ˈfaɪˌnæns. ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd baɪ ˈsæŋkʃənz ənd ˈwikənd baɪ ə kəˈlæpsɪŋ ˈkərənsi ənd lɑrʤ ˈkæpɪtəl flaɪt, ˈrəʃə ˈkænɑt əˈfɔrd ə ʃɑrp fɔl ɪn ɔɪl ˈkəntri ˈluzɪz fər ˈɛvəri ˈdɔlər ˈdiˌkris ɪn ðə praɪs əv ɔɪl. ðə wəns ˈkəmfərtəbəl rɪˈzərv əv ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd baɪ ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn simz naʊ fɑr frəm səˈfɪʃənt tɪ əˈlaʊ ˈputɪn tɪ ˈsætɪsˌfaɪ hɪz æmˈbɪʃənz. ˈæftər əˈbændənɪŋ ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ əv ðə saʊθ strim ˈɛnərʤi ˈkɔrɪdər təˈwɔrdz ˈjʊrəp, ˈrəʃən ˈfaɪˌnæns ˈmɪnɪstər ˈrisəntli əˈnaʊnst ðə ˈkəntri kʊd nɑt əˈfɔrd ɪts ˈskɛʤʊld riˈɑrməmənt ˈproʊˌgræm. waɪl ˈputɪn ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ˈvɛri haɪ ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti ˈreɪtɪŋz əv 80 pərˈsɛnt sɪns ðə ˌænɛkˈseɪʃən əv kraɪˈmiə, ˈsɛvərəl ˈrisənt poʊlz hæv ʃoʊn ðət ðə ˈrəʃən ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ɪz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli kənˈsərnd baɪ ðə pərˈspɛktɪv əv ˌriˈsɛʃən ənd ˈfɔltərɪŋ ˈpərʧəsɪŋ paʊər. səʧ ˈsɛnəmənts ər ˌɪˈnɛvətəbli θˈrɛtənɪŋ tɪ ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl stəˈbɪlɪti əv ə rəˈʒim. ˈæftər ɔl, ɪt wɑz ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈtərˌmɔɪl ənd nɑt ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri dɪˈfit ðət ræn boʊθ ˈjɛltsən ənd ˈgɔrbəˌʧɔf aʊt əv paʊər. pərˈhæps ˈputɪn wɑz ˈhoʊpɪŋ ðət pleɪɪŋ ɔn ˌnæʃənəˈlɪstɪk ˈsɛnəmənts, ˈskoʊldɪŋ juˈkreɪn ənd əˈnɛksɪŋ kraɪˈmiə wʊd teɪk əˈtɛnʃən əˈweɪ frəm ðə sˈloʊˌdaʊn əv ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, hɪz muvz ˈoʊnli pərˈpɛʧəˌweɪtɪd ðə dɪˈtɪriərˌeɪʃən əv ðə ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ɪn ˈrəʃə. ˈivɪn ɪf ðə ˈdɛpjəti ˈfaɪˌnæns ˈmɪnɪstər traɪz tɪ priˈtɛnd ðət ðə ˈrəʃən ɪˈkɑnəmi ɪz ˈmɪrli "əˈʤəstɪŋ tɪ ðə nu ˌriˈæləˌtiz əv ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl treɪd", ˈgloʊbəl ˌɪnˈvɛstərz hæv ɔˈrɛdi flɛd ənd ˈsæŋkʃənd ə ˈkəntri ðət həz bɪn əˈneɪbəl tɪ dɪˈvərsəˌfaɪ ɪts ɪˈkɑnəmi tɪ ˈmɪtəˌgeɪt ən ˈɛnərʤi praɪs ˈdiˌkris æt ə taɪm əv wik ˈgloʊbəl dɪˈvɛləpmənt. ðə ˈrisənt əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ðət ˈmɔˌskaʊ wɑz kənˈsɪdərɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ɪts oʊn ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt speɪs ˈsteɪʃən ɪz ʤɪst əˈnəðər smoʊk skrin tɪ ðə ˈrəʃən ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. æt ðə ˈkɑrənt reɪt əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk mɪsˈfɔrʧənz, ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn maɪt nɑt ˈivɪn hæv ðə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl minz tɪ dɪˈzaɪn ɪt ɔn ˈpeɪpər. ˈrɛmi pjɛt ɪz əˈsɪstənt prəˈfɛsər əv ˈpəblɪk ˈpɑləsi, dɪˈploʊməsi ənd ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl pəˈlɪtɪkəl ɪˈkɑnəmi æt ˌkəˈtɑr ˌjunəˈvərsəti.
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the last few days in global finance have been marked by dramatic developments in the energy sector. oil prices have collapsed by about 40 percent since this year's peak in june. the plummeting oil prices have had negative consequences on economies across the world, from moscow to caracas to tehran.
the situation is particularly bad in russia where the shock of shrinking energy revenue is doubled by a monetary crisis. just in the past week the russian rouble lost 17 percent of its value in two days; its exchange rate to the us dollar has collapsed by over 50 percent since the beginning of the year.
balancing an oil-dependent budget
the energy crisis has its origin in a global surplus of crude oil supply resulting from a rapid expansion of oil production in the us. in order to dissuade additional investments in production of shale oil and tar sands in north america, and wedge a war on market shares, saudi arabia has voluntarily gone far above its previous opec production commitment. some have seen this move as a plot by the americans to punish countries like iran and russia.
indeed, the sharp decrease in oil prices to $60 per barrel is far below the breakeven point for countries such as venezuela and iran who need $140 per barrel to balance their budget and continue with their policies of social spending and subsidised imports of vital goods. the russian economy is also very vulnerable to such price fluctuations as the energy sector accounts for about half of the state's revenues and a quarter of its gross domestic product.
putin's gamble to assume that the west would not confront him over ukraine because of energy security concerns was a miscalculation of the forces at play. the shrinking oil revenues coupled with the economic sanction packages have destroyed investors' confidence in the russian economy, resulting in record levels of capital flight and a plunging rouble.
the russian central bank desperately tried to offset the monetary collapse by a historic interest rate rise to 17 percent overnight, drastically hampering future investment in the country. on wednesday, moscow also spent a colossal amount of foreign reserves to save its currency exchange rate. even if these moves manage to halt the further collapse of the russian currency, the rouble by now has lost quite a lot of its value, severely hurting russians' purchasing power and triggering inflation.
according to the russian ministry of economic development, food prices in russia will increase by 12 percent by the end of this year, and conservative estimates for the first months of 2015 already set inflation at 10 percent.
while moscow argues that a weak rouble will increase the competitiveness of its exports, the downside will be the likely incapacity of russian companies and banks to reimburse the $120bn in debts to international creditors scheduled for 2015. the lavish infrastructures and endemic corruption during the sochi games have reduced their solvency, and the infrastructures needed for the 2018 world cup will be hard to finance.
unafforable programmes
isolated by sanctions and weakened by a collapsing currency and large capital flight, russia cannot afford a sharp fall in oil revenue.the country loses $2bn for every dollar decrease in the price of oil. the once comfortable reserve of $450bn enjoyed by the kremlin seems now far from sufficient to allow putin to satisfy his ambitions. after abandoning the building of the south stream energy corridor towards europe, russian finance minister recently announced the country could not afford its scheduled $500bn rearmament programme.
while putin enjoyed very high popularity ratings of 80 percent since the annexation of crimea, several recent polls have shown that the russian population is increasingly concerned by the perspective of recession and faltering purchasing power. such sentiments are inevitably threatening to the political stability of a regime. after all, it was economic turmoil and not military defeat that ran both yeltsin and gorbachev out of power.
perhaps putin was hoping that playing on nationalistic sentiments, scolding ukraine and annexing crimea would take attention away from the slowdown of the economy. unfortunately, his moves only perpetuated the deterioration of the economic situation in russia.
even if the deputy finance minister aleksey moiseev tries to pretend that the russian economy is merely "adjusting to the new realities of international trade", well-informed global investors have already fled and sanctioned a country that has been unable to diversify its economy to mitigate an ineluctable energy price decrease at a time of weak global development.
the recent announcement that moscow was considering developing its own independent space station is just another smoke screen to hypnotise the russian population. at the current rate of economic misfortunes, the kremlin might not even have the financial means to design it on paper.
remi piet is assistant professor of public policy, diplomacy and international political economy at qatar university.
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ˈməri ˈrɪvər neɪmd ɔˈstreɪljəz wərst ˈrɪvər fər ˈdraʊnɪŋz, wɪθ 43 dɛθs ɪn 10 jɪrz ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ðə ˈməri ˈrɪvər həz bɪn neɪmd ɔˈstreɪljəz wərst ˈrɪvər fər ˈdraʊnɪŋz ɪn rɔɪəl laɪf ˈseɪvɪŋ ɔˈstreɪljəz ˌrivˈju. ðə ˌrivˈju ʃoʊd ˈpipəl ər ˈdraʊnɪŋ ɪn ˈrɪvərz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri, wɪθ 43 ˈpipəl ˈhævɪŋ draʊnd ɪn ðə ˈməri ˈrɪvər bɪtˈwin 2002 ənd 2012 ˈælkəˌhɑl wɑz faʊnd tɪ bi ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈfæktər ɪn ˈdraʊnɪŋz, wɪθ ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ pleɪɪŋ ə roʊl ɪn mɔr ðən ˌwənˈθərd əv ɔl ˈrɪvər ˈdraʊnɪŋz, ənd ˈɔlˌmoʊst hæf əv ðoʊz ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈmɪdəˌleɪgd ˈpipəl. ˈθərˈtin pər sɛnt əv ɔl ˈdraʊnɪŋ ˈvɪktɪmz rɪˈkɔrdɪd ə bləd ˈælkəˌhɑl ˈkɑntɛnt əv ər ˈgreɪtər fɔr taɪmz ðə ˈligəl ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈlɪmət. moʊst ˈvɪktɪmz wər mɛn ənd moʊst ˈpipəl draʊnd waɪl kloʊz tɪ hoʊm, nɑt ɔn ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ. tɔp 10 ˈrɪvər ˈdraʊnɪŋ blæk spɑts 1 ˈməri ˈrɪvər 2 ˈbrɪzˌbeɪn ˈrɪvər (qld*) 3 ˈrɪvər (vɪk) 4 swɔn ˈrɪvər (wɑ) 5 ˈrɪvər (nsw*) 6 ˈrɪvər (nsw*) 7 ˈsændi krik (qld*) 8 ˈrɪvər (tas*) 9 ˈkæθərɪn ˈrɪvər (nt*) 10 ˈrɪvər (nsw*) ˈbrɪzˌbeɪn ˈrɪvər wɑz ðə ˈsɛkənd moʊst ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈrɪvər, wɪθ ðə ɪn θərd pleɪs. rɔɪəl laɪf ˈseɪvɪŋ ʧif ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈʤəstɪn sɛd ˈrɪvərz kʊd ləl ˈpipəl ˈɪntu ə fɔls sɛns əv sɪˈkjʊrəti. "taɪm ənd əˈgɛn wi si ˈpipəl ˈteɪkɪŋ ənˈnɛsəˌsɛri rɪsks ðət ˈɔfən hæv ˈtræʤɪk ˈaʊtˌkəmz, əˈspɛʃəli wɛr ˈælkəˌhɑl ɪz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd," hi sɛd. ɪn ˈtoʊtəl, 735 ˈpipəl draʊnd ɪn ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɪvərz ɪn ðə ˈpɪriəd. "ɪts haɪ taɪm ðət ˈpipəl ˈtritɪd ˈrɪvərz wɪθ ðə seɪm rɪˈspɛkt ðeɪ hæv ˈlərnɪd tɪ ʃoʊ wɪn ˈrɛkriˌeɪtɪŋ æt ðə biʧ," ˈmɪstər sɛd. ɪt kəmz ɛz ən ˈərliər rɪˈpɔrt ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ðə ˈdeɪnʤərz əv ɔˈstreɪljəz ˈrɪvərz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə speɪt əv ˈdraʊnɪŋz ˈoʊvər ˈsəmər. ðə ˈrisənt ˈfɛdərəl ˈbəʤɪt ˌɪnˈkludɪd 15 ˈmɪljən ˈoʊvər faɪv jɪrz tɪ sərf laɪf ˈseɪvɪŋ ənd ˈwɔtər ˈseɪfti ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz fər ˈwɔtər ˈseɪfti kæmˈpeɪnz ənd ˈdraʊnɪŋ priˈvɛnʃən ˈproʊˌgræmz. ˈtɑpɪks: ˈrɪvərz, accidents---other*, community-organisations*, ˈriʤənəl, ɔˈstreɪljə, nsw*, vɪk, qld*, nt*, wɑ, fərst ˈpoʊstɪd
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murray river named australia's worst river for drownings, with 43 deaths in 10 years
updated
the murray river has been named australia's worst river for drownings in royal life saving australia's 10-year review.
the review showed people are drowning in rivers across the country, with 43 people having drowned in the murray river between 2002 and 2012.
alcohol was found to be a major factor in drownings, with drinking playing a role in more than one-third of all river drownings, and almost half of those involving middle-aged people.
thirteen per cent of all drowning victims recorded a blood alcohol content of 0.2 or greater - four times the legal driving limit.
most victims were men and most people drowned while close to home, not on holiday.
top 10 river drowning black spots 1. murray river
2. brisbane river (qld)
3. yarra river (vic)
4. swan river (wa)
5. hawkesbury river (nsw)
6. murrumbidgee river (nsw)
7. sandy creek (qld)
8. derwent river (tas)
9. katherine river (nt)
10. macquarie river (nsw)
queensland's brisbane river was the second most dangerous river, with the yarra in third place.
royal life saving chief executive justin scarr said rivers could lull people into a false sense of security.
"time and again we see people taking unnecessary risks that often have tragic outcomes, especially where alcohol is involved," he said.
in total, 735 people drowned in australian rivers in the 10-year period.
"it's high time that people treated rivers with the same respect they have learned to show when recreating at the beach," mr scarr said.
it comes as an earlier report in february identified the dangers of australia's rivers following a spate of drownings over summer.
the recent federal budget included $15 million over five years to surf life saving and water safety organisations for water safety campaigns and drowning prevention programs.
topics: rivers, accidents---other, community-organisations, regional, australia, nsw, vic, qld, nt, wa, tas
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ðə juz. ˈsɛnɪt ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˌɪntrəˈdust ən hɪˈstɔrɪk bɪl ðət wʊd ɛnd ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən ɔn ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə. ˈsɛnətərz ˈkɔˌri ˈbʊkər (d-nj*), rænd pɔl (r-ky*) ənd ˈkrɪstən (d-ny*) pərˈzɛnəd ðə kəmˈpæʃənət ˈækˌsɛs, ˈrisərʧ ɪkˈspænʧən, ənd rɪˈspɛkt steɪts (carers*) ækt, wɪʧ wʊd riˈklæsɪˌfaɪ ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə ənd rɪˈdus ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈrɛgjəˌleɪt ðə drəg, ˌɪnˈkris ˈrisərʧ ˈɛfərts, ənd əˈlaʊ fɪˈzɪʃənz tɪ ˈligəli prəˈskraɪb ðə drəg tɪ ˈvɛtərənz. ənd ˈpeɪʃənz dɪˈzərv ˈfɛdərəl lɔz ðət ər fɛr ənd kəmˈpæʃənət, ənd steɪts ʃʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ sɛt ðɛr oʊn ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə ˈpɑləsiz wɪˈθaʊt ˈfɛdərəl interference,”*,” sɛd sɛn. ˈbʊkər æt ðə ənˈveɪlɪŋ. naʊ, ɑr ˈvɛtərənz ər proʊˈhɪbətəd frəm ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈtritmənt ðeɪ soʊ ˈdɛspərətli nid tɪ rɪˈliv ðɛr peɪn ənd suffering.”*.” ˈdɑktərz æt ðə ˈkərəntli ər proʊˈhɪbətəd frəm priˈskraɪbɪŋ ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə tɪ ðɛr ˈpeɪʃənz. waɪl 23 steɪts ˈkərəntli ˈpərˌmɪt ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə, ðə ɪz kənˈtroʊld baɪ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ðoʊz dɑks məst əˈbaɪd baɪ ˈfɛdərəl lɔ rəˈgɑrdləs əv wɛr ðeɪ ˈpræktɪs. ʃʊd ðɪs bɪl pæs, ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈvɛtərənz wɪl bi pərˈmɪtɪd tɪ rɪˈsiv prəˈskrɪpʃənz fər ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə. ˈgəvərnmənt prɪˈvɛnt ˈdɑktərz frəm priˈskraɪbɪŋ ˈmɛdəsən ðət həz bɪn ʃoʊn tɪ work,”*,” sɛd sɛn.. ðə ækt wʊd riˈklæsɪˌfaɪ ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə frəm ə ˈskɛʤʊl aɪ drəg, wɪʧ ðə juz. drəg ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ˈeɪʤənsi dɪˈfaɪnz ɛz drəgz wɪθ ˈkərəntli ækˈsɛptɪd ˈmɛdɪkəl juz ənd ə haɪ pəˈtɛnʃəl fər abuse”*” səʧ ɛz ˈhɛroʊən ər ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi, tɪ ðə əˈbjuz potential”*” ˈskɛʤʊl ˌklæsəfəˈkeɪʃən laɪk ər ˈrɪtəlɪn. ðə bɪl wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ ˈoʊpən nu ˌɑpərˈtunətiz fər ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈrisərʧ əv ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə, wɪʧ trəˈdɪʃənəli həz bɪn wən əv ðə moʊst ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd drəgz ɪn ðə ˈrisərʧ fild. sɪns 1999 ˈɛniˌwən kənˈdəktɪŋ ˈrisərʧ ɔn ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə məst ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈsiv ˈspɛʃəl ˌrɛʤɪˈstreɪʃən frəm ðə di ə ˌdɛzɪgˈneɪʃən noʊ ˈəðər ˈskɛʤʊl aɪ drəg ˈrisərʧ rikˈwaɪərz. ðə ækt wʊd riˈmuv ðət riˈstrɪkʃən. ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ðə ˈsɛnətərz æt ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni wər ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə ˈædvəˌkeɪt keɪt hɪnts ənd hər ˈdɔtər ˈmɔrgən, hu ˈsəfərz frəm səˈvɪr ˈɛpɪˌlɛpsi. ðə ˈməðər əv ə ʧaɪld wɪθ ə səˈvɪr ˈsiʒər dɪˈsɔrdər, ˈæŋkʃəsli ˈweɪtɪŋ tɪ gɪt ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ə ˌmɛdəˈkeɪʃən ðət ɪz ɔˈrɛdi ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈəðərz ɪz unbearable,”*,” sɛd hɪnts. sɛn. ˈbʊkər sɛd ðət ˈmɛni ˈbɪznɪsɪz ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfɪrfəl əv ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən ənd ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ðɪs bɪl wʊd əˈlaʊ ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈbæŋkɪŋ ˈsərvɪsɪz tɪ ləˈʤɪtəmət ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə ˈbɪznɪsɪz, wɪʧ ˈkərəntli ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt ˈoʊvər 1 ˈbɪljən ɪn ˈænjuəl ˈrɛvəˌnu ənd ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ groʊ sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli. -bræd ˈbroʊkər
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the u.s. senate on tuesday introduced an historic bill that would end the federal prohibition on medical marijuana.
senators cory booker (d-nj), rand paul (r-ky) and kristen gillibrand (d-ny) presented the compassionate access, research expansion, and respect states (carers) act, which would reclassify marijuana and reduce the government’s ability to regulate the drug, increase research efforts, and allow va physicians to legally prescribe the drug to veterans.
“doctors and patients deserve federal laws that are fair and compassionate, and states should be able to set their own medical marijuana policies without federal interference,” said sen. booker at the bill’s unveiling. “right now, our veterans are prohibited from getting the medical treatment they so desperately need to relieve their pain and suffering.”
doctors at the va currently are prohibited from prescribing medical marijuana to their patients. while 23 states currently permit medical marijuana, the va is controlled by the federal government and those docs must abide by federal law regardless of where they practice. should this bill pass, military veterans will be permitted to receive prescriptions for medical marijuana.
“the government shouldn’t prevent doctors from prescribing medicine that has been shown to work,” said sen. gillibrand.
the carers act would reclassify marijuana from a schedule i drug, which the u.s. drug enforcement agency defines as drugs with “no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse” such as heroin or lsd, to the “less abuse potential” schedule ii classification like oxycodone or ritalin.
the bill would also open new opportunities for medical research of marijuana, which traditionally has been one of the most regulated drugs in the research field. since 1999, anyone conducting research on marijuana must also receive special registration from the dea — a designation no other schedule i drug research requires. the carers act would remove that restriction.
joining the senators at tuesday’s ceremony were medical marijuana advocate kate hintz and her daughter morgan, who suffers from severe epilepsy. “as the mother of a child with a severe seizure disorder, anxiously waiting to get access to a medication that is already helping thousands of others is unbearable,” said hintz.
sen. booker said that many businesses are also fearful of prosecution and noted that this bill would allow financial institutions to provide banking services to legitimate marijuana businesses, which currently generate over $1 billion in annual revenue and expected to grow significantly.
-brad broker
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bərˈiə, oʊˈhaɪoʊ ɪt ˈdəzənt lʊk laɪk braʊnz rɪˈsivər dweɪn boʊ wɪl bi siɪŋ ðə fild ˈɛniˌtaɪm sun. braʊnz koʊʧ maɪk pɛˈtini meɪd ɪt klɪr ðət ðə "tɔp fɔr gaɪz ər ɪnˈtrɛnʧt,'' ənd ðət ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ kənˈtrɪbjut ɔn ˈspɛʃəl timz ɪz ə juʤ ˈfæktər bɪɔnd ðoʊz fɔr. ðeɪ ər ˈtrævɪs ˈbɛnʤəmən, braɪən ˈhɑrˌtlaɪn, ˈændru ˈhɔkɪnz ənd ˈteɪlər ˈgeɪbriəl. "wi meɪk ðət dɪˈsɪʒən iʧ wik,'' sɛd pɛˈtini. "wi bɪld ə plæn ənd si wɛr wi ər frəm ə dɛpθ ˈstændˌpɔɪnt. wi tɔk əˈbaʊt ðə ˈmɪnəməm pəˈzɪʃən rɪkˈwaɪrmənts. ðə tɔp fɔr gaɪz ər ɪnˈtrɛnʧt. ˈmɑrlən mʊr ɪz duɪŋ ən ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ʤɑb ɔn ˈspɛʃəl timz wɪn hiz əˈveɪləbəl, ənd ðɛn ɪt ʤɪst goʊz bæk tɪ ðə læst kˈwɛʃən. ðɛn ju ˈgɑtə wərk ˈbækwərdz frəm ˈspɛʃəl timz." boʊ, hu ˈsəfərd ə ˈhæmˌstrɪŋ ˈɪnʤəri ðət kɔzd ɪm tɪ mɪs moʊst əv ˈtreɪnɪŋ kæmp, həz bɪn ˌɪˈnæktɪv fɔr aʊt əv sɪks geɪmz ðɪs ˈsizən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə læst tu ɛz ˈhɛlθi ˈskræʧɪz. ˈhɛdɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə sæn diˈeɪgoʊ geɪm ðə wik ˌbiˈfɔr ðət, boʊ vaʊd "ɪts stɑrts ˈsənˌdi,'' ənd sɛd hi fɛlt ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˈlɪvɪŋ əp tɪ hɪz ˈstætəs ɛz ə praɪˈɔrəti ˈsaɪnɪŋ. ˌɪnˈstɛd, hi wɑz ˈtɑrgətɪd ˈoʊnli wəns ðət geɪm ənd feɪld tɪ kæʧ ðə kənˈtɛstəd bɔl. hi həz noʊ rɪˈsɛpʃənz ðɪs ˈsizən ənd həz pleɪd ˈoʊnli 12 snæps. bət əˈfɛnsɪv koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər ʤɑn dɪfiˈlipoʊ swɔr ˈθərzˌdeɪ ðət ðə braʊnz wɪl nid boʊ æt səm pɔɪnt ðɪs ˈsizən. ðə braʊnz ər ˈprɑbəˌbli rɪˈləktənt tɪ kət ɪm bɪˈkəz əv hɪz bɪg ˈkɑnˌtrækt. boʊ saɪnd ə dil ɪn ðə wərθ ˈmɪljən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ 9 ˈmɪljən ˌgɛrənˈtid.
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berea, ohio -- it doesn't look like browns receiver dwayne bowe will be seeing the field anytime soon.
browns coach mike pettine made it clear that the "top four guys are entrenched,'' and that the ability to contribute on special teams is a huge factor beyond those four. they are travis benjamin, brian hartline, andrew hawkins and taylor gabriel.
"we make that decision each week,'' said pettine. "we build a plan and see where we are from a depth standpoint. we talk about the minimum position requirements. the top four guys are entrenched. marlon moore is doing an outstanding job on special teams when he's available, and then it just goes back to the last question. then you gotta work backwards from special teams."
bowe, who suffered a hamstring injury that caused him to miss most of training camp, has been inactive four out of six games this season, including the last two as healthy scratches.
heading into the san diego game the week before that, bowe vowed "it's starts sunday,'' and said he felt capable of living up to his status as a priority free-agent signing.
instead, he was targeted only once that game and failed to catch the contested ball. he has no receptions this season and has played only 12 snaps.
but offensive coordinator john defilippo swore thursday that the browns will need bowe at some point this season.
the browns are probably reluctant to cut him because of his big contract. bowe signed a two-year deal in the offseason worth $12.5 million, including $9 million guaranteed.
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hobbiton™*™ ˈmuvi sɛt ɪz praʊd tɪ ˈɔfər ˈpækɪʤɪz ɪn ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈrʊrəl tʊrz ˈɛlˈtiˈdi. beɪst ɪn ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ, ˈrʊrəl tʊrz ˈɛlˈtiˈdi ɪz nu ˈziləndz ˈlɑrʤəst fɑrm steɪ ənd əˌkɑməˈdeɪʃən prəˈvaɪdər wɪθ ən ɪkˈstɛnsɪv reɪnʤ əv hoʊsts θruaʊt ðə nɔrθ saʊθ ˈaɪləndz əv nu ˈzilənd. ə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fɑrm steɪz ər əˈveɪləbəl əraʊnd ðə ˈbjutəfəl ˈrʊrəl ˈdɪstrɪkt, ˈɔfərɪŋ greɪt əˌkɑməˈdeɪʃən. steɪɪŋ ɔn ə fɑrm əˈlaʊz ju tɪ hæv ə tru teɪst əv ðə ˈrʊrəl kəmˈjunɪti. ðə ˌɪnˈkludz ə θri kɔrs ˈdɪnər ˈfiʧərɪŋ frɛʃ nu ˈzilənd ˈproʊdus, ˌkɑmpləˈmɛnʧi bɪr ər waɪn, əˌkɑməˈdeɪʃən wɪθ ə ˌkɑntəˈnɛnəl ər kʊkt ˈbrɛkfəst. ˌɪnˈkluʒənz: θri kɔrs ˈdɪnər ˈfiʧərɪŋ frɛʃ nu ˈzilənd ˈproʊdus glæs əv ˌkɑmpləˈmɛntəri bɪr ər waɪn bɛd ənd ˈbrɛkfəst (ˌkɑntəˈnɛnəl ər kʊkt) dɪz nɑt ˌɪnˈklud: ˈmuvi sɛt tʊr ˈtrænsfərz fɑrm əˈdɪʃənəl milz ˈrʊrəl tʊrz kən ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɔfər bɛd ˈbrɛkfəst əˌkɑməˈdeɪʃən æt ˈloʊkəl ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ənd ˈkəntri hoʊmz wɪˈθɪn ðə ənd sərˈaʊndɪŋ ˈriʤənz. fər mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈpraɪsɪŋ ər tɪ meɪk ə ˈbʊkɪŋ pliz ˈkɑnˌtækt ˈrʊrəl tʊrz.
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hobbiton™ movie set is proud to offer farmstay packages in partnership with rural tours ltd. based in cambridge, rural tours ltd is new zealand's largest farm stay and specialised accommodation provider with an extensive range of hosts throughout the north & south islands of new zealand.
a number of unique farm stays are available around the beautiful rural matamata district, offering great country-style accommodation. staying on a farm allows you to have a true taste of the rural community.
the farmstay includes a three course dinner featuring fresh new zealand produce, complementary beer or wine, accommodation with a continental or cooked breakfast.
farmstay inclusions:
three course dinner featuring fresh new zealand produce
glass of complimentary beer or wine
bed and breakfast (continental or cooked)
does not include:
hobbiton movie set tour
transfers to/from farm
additional meals
rural tours can also offer bed & breakfast accommodation at local residential and country homes within the matamata and surrounding regions.
for more information & pricing or to make a booking please contact rural tours.
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ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈgɛti ˈɪmɪʤɪz ðə wərld bæŋk həz ədˈmɪtəd ðə groʊθ əv ˈgloʊbəl fri treɪd həz nɑt bɪn ə səkˈsɛs fər ɔl. ən ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈbrifɪŋ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt sin baɪ ðə ˌbibiˈsi sɪz ðə ˈifɛkts əv ɔn ədˈvænst ɪˈkɑnəmiz ɪz "ˈɔfən əˈnivən" ənd "meɪ hæv lɛd tɪ ˈraɪzɪŋ weɪʤ ˌɪnɪkˈwɑləti". ðə bæŋk, wɪʧ prəˈvaɪdz loʊnz tɪ dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˈkəntriz, ˈɔlsoʊ sɪz ðət "əˈʤəstmənt kɔsts", səʧ ɛz ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈpipəl hu hæv lɔst ðɛr ʤɑbz, hæv bɪn haɪər ðən ɪkˈspɛktɪd. ˈdɑktər ʤɪm kɪm, ðə hɛd əv ðə wərld bæŋk, toʊld ðə ˌbibiˈsi ðət hi ˌəndərˈstʊd waɪ ˈpipəl wər ˈæŋgri ɪn ədˈvænst ɪˈkɑnəmiz dɪˈspaɪt ðə fækt ðət fri treɪd wɑz wən əv ðə "moʊst ˈpaʊərfəl" ˈdraɪvərz əv groʊθ ənd prɑˈspɛrəti. "aɪ hir ðɛm ənd ðeɪ ər seɪɪŋ ðət maɪ laɪf ɪz nɑt ˈbɛtər ðən maɪ ˈpɛrənts ənd maɪ ˈʧɪldrənz laɪf dɪz nɑt lʊk laɪk ɪts goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈbɛtər ðən maɪn," hi toʊld mi. "soʊ ðɛr ɪz ə ril kənˈsərn bət ðə ˈænsər ɪz tɪ hæv mɔr roʊˈbəst ˈsoʊʃəl sɪˈkjʊrəti programmes*, soʊ ju hæv ə ˈseɪfti nɛt. ənd ðɛn ju nid tɪ gɪt ˈsɪriəs əˈbaʊt ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə skɪlz ju nid fər ðə ʤɑbz əv ðə fˈjuʧər." ˈʧaɪnə ˈifɛkt ˈdɑktər kɪm sɛd ðət 20 əv ʤɑbz lɔst ɪn ədˈvænst ɪˈkɑnəmiz kʊd bi lɪŋkt tɪ treɪd, wɪθ ðə rɛst daʊn tɪ ɔtəˈmeɪʃən ənd ðə nid fər nu skɪlz. hi sɛd ˈgəvərnmənts ˈnidɪd tɪ du mɔr tɪ səˈpɔrt ðoʊz hu hæd lɔst ðɛr ʤɑbz. ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt, ˈrɪtən baɪ wərld bæŋk ɪˈkɑnəmɪsts, dɪz seɪ ðət "treɪd həz pleɪd ə ˈpaʊərfəl roʊl ɪn kriˈeɪtɪŋ ʤɑbz ənd kənˈtrɪbjutɪŋ tɪ ˈraɪzɪŋ ˈɪnˌkəmz ɪn ədˈvænst ɪˈkɑnəmiz", ɛz wɛl ɛz ɪn ˈimərʤɪŋ ɪˈkɑnəmiz. bət ɪt ˈhaɪˌlaɪts ˈprɑbləmz ðət hæv bɪn kriˈeɪtɪd. "ˈrisənt ˈɛvədəns fər ðə ˈjuˈɛs səˈʤɛsts ðət əˈʤəstmənt kɔsts fər ðoʊz ɪmˈplɔɪd ɪn ˈsɛktərz ɪkˈspoʊzd tɪ ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən frəm ˈʧaɪnə ər məʧ haɪər ðən ˈpriviəsli θɔt," ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt sɪz. "waɪl treɪd meɪ hæv kənˈtrɪbjutɪd tɪ ˈraɪzɪŋ ˌɪnɪkˈwɑləti ɪn haɪ ˈɪnˌkəm ɪˈkɑnəmiz, soʊ həz ˌtɛknəˈlɑʤɪkəl ʧeɪnʤ ənd ðə ˈwikənɪŋ əv ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz ðət juzd tɪ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ðə ˈɪntərɪsts əv ˈleɪbər. "ˈgɪvɪn ˈoʊvərˌɔl ɪˈfɪʃənsi geɪnz, ðə dɪsˈloʊˈkeɪʃən ˈifɛkts əv treɪd ɪn ədˈvænst ɪˈkɑnəmiz məst bi əˈdrɛst θru ˈstrɔŋgər ˈseɪfti nɛts ənd ɛnˈhænst skɪlz ənd ˈflɛksəbəl ˈleɪbər ˈmɑrkɪts." ˈtərgət ˈdɑktər kɪm sɛd ðət ɪf dɪˈvɛləpt ˈkəntriz stɑrt θroʊɪŋ əp treɪd ˈbɛriərz, æmˈbɪʃəs ˈtɑrgəts tɪ ɪˈrædəˌkeɪt ˈpɑvərti baɪ 2030 kʊd bi mɪst bɪˈkəz ˈgloʊbəl ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk groʊθ wʊd bi sloʊər. "ɪt wɪl bi məʧ, məʧ ˈhɑrdər tɪ əˈʧiv [ðə ˈpɑvərti ˈtɑrgəts], ðɛrz noʊ kˈwɛʃən," ˈdɑktər kɪm toʊld mi. ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈrɔɪtərz "wi kən bɪld ɔl ðə ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər wi wɔnt ənd wi kən ˌɪnˈkris treɪd əˈməŋ ðə ˈimərʤɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪt ˈkəntriz, [bət] æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə deɪ ɪf ˈgloʊbəl treɪd dɪz nɑt groʊ æt ə mɔr roʊˈbəst reɪt ɪt ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈvɛri hɑrd tɪ meɪk ðoʊz ˈtɑrgəts. "ɪf ɔl ðə dɪˈvɛləpt ˈkəntriz kloʊz ðɛr ˈbɔrdərz, ɪts goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt ənd ɪts goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt fər ðoʊz ˈkəntriz ɛz wɛl." aɪ æst ɪm dɪˈrɛkli ɪf ðə ˈtərgət kʊd bi mɪst. "wi ˈvɛri wɛl kʊd, ˌæbsəˈlutli, ɪts ˈpɑsəbəl," hi sɛd. mɔr prəˈpoʊzəlz tɪ ɛnd ɪkˈstrim ˈpɑvərti dɪˈfaɪnd ɛz ˈɛniˌwən ˈlɪvɪŋ ɔn lɛs ðən ə deɪ wər pʊt təˈgɛðər baɪ ə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz kəˈmɪti ʧɛrd baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd ˈkæmərən ɪn 2013 ˈdɑktər kɪm sɛd ðət ˈækʃən baɪ ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz laɪk ðə wərld bæŋk, wɪʧ prəˈvaɪdz loʊnz tɪ dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˈkəntriz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə groʊθ əv fri treɪd hæd ˈlɪftɪd ˈmɪljənz əv ˈpipəl aʊt əv ˈpɑvərti. hi sɛd ðət ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz hæd tɪ du mɔr tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðə ædˈvæntɪʤɪz əv ˈgloʊbəl treɪd fər ədˈvænst ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈimərʤɪŋ ɪˈkɑnəmiz.
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image copyright getty images
the world bank has admitted the growth of global free trade has not been a success for all.
an internal briefing document seen by the bbc says the effects of globalisation on advanced economies is "often uneven" and "may have led to rising wage inequality".
the bank, which provides loans to developing countries, also says that "adjustment costs", such as helping people who have lost their jobs, have been higher than expected.
dr jim kim, the head of the world bank, told the bbc that he understood why people were angry in advanced economies despite the fact that free trade was one of the "most powerful" drivers of growth and prosperity.
"i hear them and they are saying that my life is not better than my parents and my children's life does not look like it's going to be better than mine," he told me.
"so there is a real concern but the answer is to have more robust social security programmes, so you have a safety net. and then you need to get serious about getting the skills you need for the jobs of the future."
china effect
dr kim said that 20% of jobs lost in advanced economies could be linked to trade, with the rest down to automation and the need for new skills.
he said governments needed to do more to support those who had lost their jobs.
the document, written by world bank economists, does say that "trade has played a powerful role in creating jobs and contributing to rising incomes in advanced economies", as well as in emerging economies.
but it highlights problems that have been created.
"recent evidence for the us suggests that adjustment costs for those employed in sectors exposed to import competition from china are much higher than previously thought," the document says.
"while trade may have contributed to rising inequality in high income economies, so has technological change and the weakening of institutions that used to represent the interests of labour.
"given overall efficiency gains, the dislocation effects of trade in advanced economies must be addressed through stronger safety nets and enhanced skills and flexible labour markets."
target
dr kim said that if developed countries start throwing up trade barriers, ambitious targets to eradicate poverty by 2030 could be missed because global economic growth would be slower.
"it will be much, much harder to achieve [the poverty targets], there's no question," dr kim told me.
image copyright reuters
"we can build all the infrastructure we want and we can increase trade among the emerging market countries, [but] at the end of the day if global trade does not grow at a more robust rate it is going to be very hard to make those targets.
"if all the developed countries close their borders, it's going to be very difficult and it's going to be very difficult for those countries as well."
i asked him directly if the target could be missed.
"we very well could, absolutely, it's possible," he said.
more
proposals to end extreme poverty - defined as anyone living on less than $1.25 a day - were put together by a united nations committee chaired by david cameron in 2013.
dr kim said that action by organisations like the world bank, which provides loans to developing countries, as well as the growth of free trade had lifted millions of people out of poverty.
he said that international organisations had to do more to explain the advantages of global trade for advanced as well as emerging economies.
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ˈtəkər wɑz ðə ˈfɑðər əv ˈɔzwɔld, hu ˈtɛrəˌraɪzd ˈgɑθəm ˈsɪti ɛz ðə "ˈpɛŋgwən" ɪn əˈdəlˌthʊd. ˈkɑntɛnts ʃoʊ] baɪˈɑgrəfi ə ˈprɑmənənt ˈdɪstrɪkt əˈtərni, ˈlɪtəl ɛls wɑz noʊn əv ˈtəkər, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt wɑz əˈsumd ðət ðə ˈfæməli wɑz ˈvɛri ˈwɛlθi, ˈiðər ɛz ˈwɛlθi ər hæd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɛz məʧ ˈməni ɛz ðə weɪn ˈfæməli. əˈbændənɪŋ ˈɔzwɔld ˈtəkərz fərst sən wɑz ˈɔzwɔld, hu wɑz ˈtritɪd ˈpurli ɔn əˈkaʊnt əv hɪz dɪˈfɔrməti ənd ˈvaɪələnt bɪˈheɪvjər. ˈtəkər ənd hɪz waɪf, ˈɛstər, hæd ˈtrəbəl əkˈsɛptɪŋ ˈɔzwɔld ənd dɪd nɑt bɪˈliv ðət haɪ soʊˈsaɪɪti wʊd ˈwɛlkəm ɪm. ˈɔzwɔldz əˈbjuz əv ðə ˈfæməli kæt kənˈfərmd ˈtəkərz ənd maɪndz ðət ˈɔzwɔld hæd ðə ˈmænərˌɪzəmz əv ə ˈfɛrəl ˈænəməl ənd ðeɪ gɑt rɪd əv ɪm baɪ ˈpʊʃɪŋ hɪz ˈbeɪbi ˈkɛrəʤ ˈɪntu ə ˈdreɪnɪʤ strim ˈɪntu ðə suər. ˈtəkər ənd ˈɛstər ðɛn lʊkt wɪθ ˈsɑroʊ ˈæftər ðeɪ dəmpt ˈɔzwɔld. ðə ˈkɛrəʤ ðɛn ˈfloʊtɪd tɪ ˈɑrtɪk wərld əv ðə oʊld zu, wɛr ˈɔzwɔld wɑz dɪˈskəvərd baɪ ˈɛmpərər ˈpɛŋgwənz ənd wɑz reɪzd baɪ zookeepers*, prɪˈzuməbli. mɪˈstɪriəs dɛθ "aɪ θɪŋk hi noʊz hu hɪz ˈpɛrənts ər. ðɛrz ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛls." tɪ alfred[src*] ˈtəkər, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈɛstər, daɪd æt ə ˈrɛlətɪvli jəŋ eɪʤ, ˈəndər mɪˈstɪriəs ˈɔzwɔld ˈleɪtər meɪd ə ˈpəblɪk ʃoʊ əv ˈpleɪsɪŋ ˈroʊzɪz ɔn ˈtəkər ənd ˈgreɪvˌstoʊn ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ʃoʊ ðət hi hæd fərˈgɪvən ðɛm boʊθ. ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ˈɔzwɔld ˈtruli hæd səm dɛpθ əv ˈfilɪŋ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðət ʃəreɪd wɑz ənˈklɪr. ðə ˈpəblɪk eɪt ɪt əp, bət ˈbætˌmæn ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ si θru ˈɔzwɔld ənd ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət hi nu hu hɪz ˈpɛrənts wər ɔl əˈlɔŋ. bɪˈhaɪnd ðə sinz ðə neɪm ˈtəkər ərˈɪʤəˌneɪtəd frəm ðə skrɪpt, ɛz wɛl ɛz hɪz ˌɑkjəˈpeɪʃən ɛz ə d.a*. ɪt wɑz ˌɪmˈplaɪd ðət ˈɔzwɔld meɪ hæv rɪˈtərnd ənd ˈmərdərd ˈtəkər ənd ˈɛstər jɪrz ˈərliər. ˈtrɪviə ˈtəkərz neɪm wɑz sin ɔn hɪz ˈhɛdˌstoʊn ənd wɑz ɔn ˈnuzˌpeɪpər prɑps. ˈfɑðər wɑz nɑt aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɪn moʊst ˈkɑmɪk continuities*, ənd ˈtəkər wɑz ən ərˈɪʤənəl ˈkɛrɪktər fər ˈbætˌmæn rɪˈtərnz daɪæn ˈsælɪnʤər pleɪd ˈɛstər. ðət mɑrkt ðə ˈsɛkənd taɪm ɪn ə tɪm ˈbərtən pərˈdəkʃən ðət pɔl ənd daɪæn ˈsælɪnʤər pleɪd ə ˈkəpəl. ðə fərst taɪm wɑz ɪn pi bɪg ədˈvɛnʧər wɪn pleɪd ˈpiˌwi ˈhərmən ənd ˈsælɪnʤər pleɪd sɪˈmoʊn, ðə trək stɑp ˈweɪtrəs. wɪn pleɪd ˈpiˌwi ˈhərmən ənd ˈsælɪnʤər pleɪd sɪˈmoʊn, ðə trək stɑp ˈweɪtrəs. pɔl ðə roʊl əv ˈfɑðər ɪn ˈgɑθəm fər tu ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsizən. ðət ˈvərʒən wɑz kɔld ɛˈlaɪʤə væn dɑl. fər tu ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsizən. ðət ˈvərʒən wɑz kɔld ɛˈlaɪʤə væn dɑl. ˈbərʤəs ˈmɛrɪdɪθ, hu pleɪd ˈpɛŋgwən ɪn ðə ˈbætˌmæn ˈsɪriz, wɑz kənˈsɪdərd tɪ pleɪ ˈfɑðər, bət hɪz ˈɪlnəs prɪˈvɛnɪd ɪm frəm ɪt.
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tucker cobblepot was the father of oswald cobblepot, who terrorized gotham city as the "penguin" in adulthood.
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biography
a prominent district attorney, little else was known of tucker cobblepot, although it was assumed that the cobblepot family was very wealthy, either as wealthy or had almost as much money as the wayne family.
abandoning oswald
tucker's first son was oswald, who was treated poorly on account of his deformity and violent behavior. tucker and his wife, esther, had trouble accepting oswald and did not believe that gotham's high society would welcome him. oswald's abuse of the family cat confirmed tucker's and esther's minds that oswald had the mannerisms of a feral animal and they got rid of him by pushing his baby carriage into a drainage stream into the sewer. tucker and esther then looked with sorrow after they dumped oswald. the carriage then floated to arctic world of the old zoo, where oswald was discovered by emperor penguins and was raised by zookeepers, presumably.
mysterious death
"i think he knows who his parents are. there's something else." ―batman to alfred[src]
tucker, along with esther, died at a relatively young age, under mysterious circumstances.[1]
oswald later made a public show of placing roses on tucker and esther's gravestone in order to show that he had forgiven them both. whether or not oswald truly had some depth of feeling during that charade was unclear. the public ate it up, but batman started to see through oswald and speculated that he knew who his parents were all along.
behind the scenes
the name tucker originated from the script, as well as his occupation as a d.a. it was implied that oswald may have returned and murdered tucker and esther years earlier.
trivia
tucker's name was seen on his headstone and was bylined on newspaper props.
penguin's father was not identified in most comic continuities, and tucker was an original character for batman returns .
. diane salinger played esther cobblepot. that marked the second time in a tim burton production that paul reubens and diane salinger played a couple. the first time was in pee wee's big adventure , when reubens played pee-wee herman and salinger played simone, the truck stop waitress.
, when reubens played pee-wee herman and salinger played simone, the truck stop waitress. paul reubens reprised the role of penguin's father in gotham , for two episodes in the second season. that version was called elijah van dahl.
, for two episodes in the second season. that version was called elijah van dahl. burgess meredith, who played penguin in the 1960s batman series, was considered to play penguin's father, but his illness prevented him from it.
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luˌiziˈænə ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtərz əˈgrid tɪ peɪ ʤɪst mɔr ðən tɪ riˈzɑlv ə ˈfɛdərəl ˈlɔˌsut ðət əˈkjuzd steɪt əˈfɪʃəlz ənd ˌɪnˈspɛktərz əv hərˈæsɪŋ ənd dɪˈskrɪməˌneɪtɪŋ əˈgɛnst ə grup əv neɪl səˈlɑn ˈoʊnərz, kɔrt ˈpeɪpərz ʃoʊ. ˈrɛkərdz faɪld ɪn ˈfɛdərəl kɔrt dɪˈskloʊz ˈɛni tərmz əv ðə ˈsɛtəlmənt əˈgrimənt ɪn ʤun. bət ðə ˈmɑnəˌtɛri ˈvælju, pləs ən əˈdɪʃənəl 400 fər kɔrt kɔsts, ɪz dɪˈskloʊzd ɪn ə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt əbˈteɪnd baɪ ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs θru ə ˈpəblɪk ˈrɛkərdz rɪkˈwɛst. fɔr səˈlɑn ˈoʊnərz ðə ˈsɛtəlmənt prəˈsidz wɛnt tɪ fɔr səˈlɑn ˈoʊnərz ənd ðɛr əˈtərniz. ðə dil riˈzɑlvd ðɛr kleɪmz əˈgɛnst ðə luˌiziˈænə steɪt bɔrd əv ˌkɑzməˈtɑləʤi ənd tu bɔrd ˌɪnˈspɛktərz. ðə ˈpleɪnɪfs kleɪmd ðə bɔrd ˌdɪsprəˈpɔrʃənətli ˈtɑrgətɪd səˈlɑn ˈoʊnərz fər ˈfrikˌwɛnt ˌɪnˈspɛkʃənz, faɪnz ənd ˈdɪsəpləˌnɛri ˈhirɪŋz bɪˈkəz əv ðɛr reɪs. bɔrd ˈlɔjərz dɪˈnaɪd ðɛr wɑz ˈɛni ˈɛvədəns əv ˈreɪʃəl baɪəs ɪn ðɛr ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri ækˈtɪvɪtiz. ðə ˈpleɪnɪfs sɛd ˈbɪznɪsɪz əˈkaʊnt fər 9 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈrəfli səˈlɑnz ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd baɪ ðə steɪt ˈeɪʤənsi, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ hɛr səˈlɑnz, bət peɪd æt list 80 pərˈsɛnt əv ɔl faɪnz ɪn iʧ jɪr bɪtˈwin 2011 ənd 2013 səˈlɑnz kloʊzd, ɪmˈplɔɪiz dɪˈteɪnd wən ˈpleɪnəf, ti. nuˈjɛn, kleɪmd ən ˌɪnˈspɛktər ənˈlɔfəli dɪˈteɪnd hər ənd hər ɪmˈplɔɪiz fər əˈbaʊt tu aʊərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ə 2013 ˌɪnˈspɛkʃən. juz. ˈdɪstrɪkt ʤəʤ braɪən ˈʤæksən ruld ɪn ə priˈtraɪəl ˈɔrdər ðət ðoʊz dɪˈtɛnʃənz wər unreasonable.”*.” əˈnəðər ˈpleɪnəf, maɪ θi nuˈjɛn, kleɪmd hər səˈlɑn wɑz ʃət daʊn fər θri mənθs baɪ ðə bɔrd ˈæftər ðeɪ ˈfɔlsli səˈspɛktɪd hər əv ˈfrɔduləntli trænsˈfərɪŋ ðə ˈbɪznɪs frəm ɪts ˈpriviəs ˈoʊnər, ˈsɪmpli bɪˈkəz ʃi ənd ðə ˈpriviəs ˈoʊnər hæd ðə seɪm læst neɪm. wən əv ðə plaintiffs’*’ əˈtərniz ɪz ˈfɔrmər juz. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ““joseph”*” kaʊ, ə nu ˌɔˈrlinz rɪˈpəblɪkən hu wɑz ðə fərst tɪ sərv ɪn ˈkɑŋgrəs.
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louisiana regulators agreed to pay just more than $100,000 to resolve a federal lawsuit that accused state officials and inspectors of harassing and discriminating against a group of vietnamese-american nail salon owners, court papers show.
records filed in federal court didn’t disclose any terms of the settlement agreement in june. but the deal’s monetary value, $100,000 plus an additional $400 for court costs, is disclosed in a document obtained by the associated press through a public records request.
four salon owners
the settlement proceeds went to four salon owners and their attorneys. the deal resolved their claims against the louisiana state board of cosmetology and two board inspectors.
the plaintiffs claimed the board disproportionately targeted asian-american salon owners for frequent inspections, fines and disciplinary hearings because of their race. board lawyers denied there was any evidence of racial bias in their regulatory activities.
the plaintiffs said vietnamese-owned businesses account for 9 percent of the roughly 7,500 salons regulated by the state agency, including hair salons, but paid at least 80 percent of all board-imposed fines in each year between 2011 and 2013.
salons closed, employees detained
one plaintiff, thoa t. nguyen, claimed an inspector unlawfully detained her and her employees for about two hours during a 2013 inspection. u.s. district judge brian jackson ruled in a pretrial order that those detentions were “objectively unreasonable.”
another plaintiff, mai thi nguyen, claimed her salon was shut down for three months by the board after they falsely suspected her of fraudulently transferring the business from its previous owner, simply because she and the previous owner had the same last name.
one of the plaintiffs’ attorneys is former u.s. rep. anh “joseph” cao, a new orleans republican who was the first vietnamese-american to serve in congress.
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bərˈlɪn pəˈlis seɪ ˈsuɪˌsaɪd ənd nɑt ˈtɛrər ˌɪnˈtɛnt simz tɪ hæv ˈprɑmptɪd ə kɑr ˈdraɪvər tɪ kræʃ ˈɪntu ðə ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti. hi ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈpɑzətəd ə bæg wɪθ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə. bərˈlɪn əˈθɔrətiz ɔn ˈkrɪsməs deɪ sɛd ðɛr proʊb wɑz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn əˈtɛmptəd ˈɑrsən ˈstɛmɪŋ frəm ə prɪˈzumd ˈsuɪˌsaɪd bɪd, seɪɪŋ ðɛr ˈpræktɪs ɪn səʧ ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz wɑz tɪ wɪθˈhoʊld ˈditeɪlz. ðə ˈdraɪvər səˈsteɪnd ˈmaɪnər ˈɪnʤəriz ənd wɑz biɪŋ ˈtritɪd ɪn ˈhɑˌspɪtəl fər ə hɛd wund, pəˈlis ˈædɪd. leɪt ɔn ˈsənˌdi, ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmɪdˌnaɪt, ðə kɑr kræʃt θru ðə fərst sɛt əv glæs dɔrz əv ˈwɪli brænt haʊs, ðə ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz əv ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti (spd*). pəˈlis ˈleɪtər ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ sɛd ðə mæn hæd ˈɔlsoʊ ədˈmɪtəd ˈpleɪsɪŋ ə bæg kənˈteɪnɪŋ gæs ˈkɑrtrəʤəz ənd ˈbɑrbɪˌkju ˈlaɪtɪŋ ˈsəbstənsɪz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈkɑnrəd ˈædəˌnaʊr haʊs, ðə ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz əv ˈʧænsələr ˈænʤələ kənˈsərvətɪv ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˈdɛməˌkræts (cdu*). ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ə ˈsɛnər ˈdɔrˌmæn hæd ˈnoʊtɪst ən ənˈnoʊn ˈpərsən dəˈpɑzɪtɪŋ ðə bæg əˈbaʊt ən aʊər ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmɪdˌnaɪt ɔn ˈsənˌdi. skɔrʧ mɑrks æt ðə ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz, ˌɪˈnɪʃəl fleɪmz wər baɪ ðə ˈbɪldɪŋz ˈsprɪŋkələr ˈsɪstəm. ˈpɪkʧərz frəm ðə sin ʃoʊd bərn mɑrks ənd ˈmɛltɪd sit ˈkəvərɪŋz ənd ˈfɪtɪŋz. fjuəl ˈkænɪstərz æt ðə ˈɛntrəns ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ɪkˈsplɔrəˌtɔri tɔks ðə ɪz pɑrt əv ˈʧænsələr ˈænʤələ ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈkɛrˌteɪkər ˈkæbənət ənd ɪz əˈbaʊt tɪ ˈoʊpən ɪkˈsplɔrəˌtɔri tɔks ɔn ˈwɛðər tɪ ˈgəvərn ɛz ˈpɑrtnər fər əˈnəðər fɔr jɪrz, ə ˈprɑspɛkt rɪˈʤɛktɪd baɪ səm hu wʊd prɪˈfər ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən. ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ wər ɪn ðə hænz əv bərˈlɪn pəˈlis ənd ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsərvɪsɪz. ðə ˈʤərmən ˈkæpɪtəl ɪz stɪl ɔn ɛʤ ˈæftər ɪts dɪˈsɛmbər 2016 əˈtæk wɪn ə ˈtɛrərɪst ˈhaɪˌʤækt ə trək ənd kɪld 12 ˈpipəl æt ə ˈsɛntrəl ˈsɪti ˈkrɪsməs ˈmɑrkɪt. (ˈrɔɪtərz, dpa*)
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berlin police say suicide and not terror intent seems to have prompted a car driver to crash into the headquarters of germany’s social democratic party. he also deposited a bag with flammables outside the cdu.
berlin authorities on christmas day said their probe was focused on attempted arson stemming from a presumed suicide bid, saying their practice in such situations was to withhold details.
the 58-year-old driver sustained minor injuries and was being treated in hospital for a head wound, police added.
late on sunday, just before midnight, the blue-colored car crashed through the first set of glass doors of willy brandt house, the headquarters of the center-left social democratic party (spd).
police later on monday said the man had also admitted placing a bag containing gas cartridges and barbecue lighting substances outside konrad adenauer house, the headquarters of chancellor angela merkel's conservative christian democrats (cdu).
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a cdu center doorman had noticed an unknown person depositing the bag about an hour before midnight on sunday.
scorch marks
at the spd headquarters, initial flames were quenched by the building's sprinkler system. pictures from the scene showed burn marks and melted seat coverings and fittings.
fire-deformed fuel canisters at the entrance
controversial exploratory talks
the spd is part of chancellor angela merkel's post-september election caretaker cabinet and is about to open exploratory talks on whether to govern as partner for another four years, a prospect rejected by some who would prefer opposition.
investigations on monday were in the hands of berlin police and the city-state's security services.
the german capital is still on edge after its december 2016 attack when a terrorist hijacked a truck and killed 12 people at a central city christmas market.
ipj/rc (reuters, dpa)
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ˈpoʊstɪd baɪ ˈkæθi gɪl, tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈpɑləsi ˈænəlɪst ɔn ˈfɛbjəˌwɛri 6 2010 ɪn ˈpɑləˌtɪks waɪt haʊs meɪks fʊl ˈkɑpiˌraɪt kleɪm ɔn ˈfoʊˌtoʊz lɛt mi ˈprɛfəs ðɪs poʊst baɪ riˈmaɪndɪŋ foʊks ðət (aɪ æm nɑt ə ˈlɔjər). ðə juz. ˈgəvərnmənt ˈpɑləsi ɔn ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs ənd ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ɪz ˈprɪti straightfoward*: ˈfoʊˌtoʊz prəˈdust baɪ ˈfɛdərəl ɪmˈplɔɪiz ɛz pɑrt əv ðɛr ʤɑb riˌspɑnsəˈbɪlətiz ər ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd ðɛr ər noʊ juz. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt riˈstrɪkʃənz ɔn ˌriprəˈdəkʃən, dərˈɪvɪtɪv wərks, ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən, pərˈfɔrməns, ər dɪˈspleɪ əv ðə work.”*.” waɪ, ðɛn, ɪz ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə waɪt haʊs əˈsərtɪŋ ðət noʊ wən bət organizations”*” kən juz ɪts ˈflɪkər ˈfoʊˌtoʊz? waɪ ɪz ɪt əˈsərtɪŋ ðət məˌnɪpjəˈleɪʃən ɪz proʊˈhɪbətəd? waɪ ɪz ɪt əˈsərtɪŋ ðət ˈfoʊˌtoʊz meɪ nɑt bi juzd ɪn ər pəˈlɪtɪkəl məˈtɪriəlz, ˈædvərˌtaɪzmənts, iˈmeɪlz, ˈprɑdəkts, pərˈmoʊʃənz ðət ɪn ˈɛni weɪ səˈʤɛsts əˈpruvəl ər ɛnˈdɔrsmənt əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt, ðə fərst ˈfæməli, ər ðə waɪt house”*”? ðə ““easy”*” ˈænsər ɪz ðət ðɪs əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ə waɪt haʊs rɪˈspɑns tɪ læst ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi rɪˈzəltɪŋ frəm ə ˈbɪlˌbɔrd ðət ˌɪmˈplaɪd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ɛnˈdɔrst ðə ˈwɛðərˌpruf koʊ. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni juzd ən əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs ˈfoʊˌtoʊ əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪn wən əv ðə ˈʤækɪts ɛz ðə ˈbeɪsɪs fər ə taɪmz skwɛr ˈbɪlˌbɔrd. (ðə ˈbɪlˌbɔrd keɪm daʊn ə fju deɪz ˈæftər ɪt wɑz lɔnʧt; ðə ˈkəmpəˌni hæd ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd ɪt tɪ hæv ə tu mənθ ˈlaɪfˌspæn.) ˈmeɪbi ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈpitə (ˈpipəl fər ðə ˈɛθɪkəl ˈtritmənt əv ˈænəməlz) ˈjuzɪŋ ən ˈɪmɪʤ əv fərst ˈleɪdi mɪˈʃɛl ˌoʊˈbɑmə ɪn ən ““anti-fur”*” æd. ðɪs ˈɔlsoʊ ˈhæpənd ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, aɪ maɪt æd. ər ˈmeɪbi ə (bɪˈleɪtɪd) rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə fˈjʊrɔr (ənd ˈlɔˌsut ˈkrɪmənəl ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən) ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd baɪ ən ˈɑrtɪst hu ˈvaɪəleɪtɪd ˈkɑpiˌraɪt wɪn hi ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd ən ˌeɪˈpi ˈɪmɪʤ ˈɪntu ə ˈpoʊstər ðət bɪˈkeɪm ən ˈaɪkɑn fər ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn. ˌwəˈtɛvər ðə ˈrizən, ðə əˈsərʃən əv ðiz ““rights”*” simz tɪ bi ɪn dɪˈrɛkt ˈkɑntræst tɪ əˈfɪʃəl ˈgəvərnmənt ˈpɑləsi ənd ɪz ˈsərtənli ɪn dɪˈrɛkt ˈkɑntræst tɪ ˈrizənəbəl ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz baɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk, ˈgɪvɪn ðət ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ər biɪŋ prəˈdust wɪθ ˈtækˌspeɪər (ie*, ˈpəblɪk) ˈməni. aɪˈrɑnɪkli, ðə seɪm ˈflɪkər peɪʤ ðət kleɪmz (ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪkˈsklusɪv) ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈɔlsoʊ lɪŋks tɪ ðə juz. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈpɑləsi ˈsteɪtmənt. ənd ɪn stɑrk ˈkɑntræst waɪt haʊs ˈækʃənz ɪn meɪ 2009 wɪn waɪərd ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ɪts ˈflɪkər ˈfoʊˌtoʊz hæd bɪn meɪd domain”*” ˈɪmɪʤɪz. ðə waɪt haʊs hæd bɪn ˈjuzɪŋ ə kriˈeɪtɪv ˈkɑmənz ˈlaɪsəns, bət ˈmɛni hæd ˈnoʊtɪd ðət wərks bi copyright.”*.” kəmˈpɛr ðə juz. ˈsteɪtɪd ˈpɑləsi ɔn ˈkɑpiˌraɪt wɪθ ðə ˈkɑrənt kleɪmz meɪd baɪ ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə waɪt haʊs. fərst, frəm: ə wərk ðət ɪz ə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈgəvərnmənt wərk, priˈpɛrd baɪ ən ˈɔfɪsər ər ɪmˈplɔɪi əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈgəvərnmənt ɛz pɑrt əv ðət əˈfɪʃəl ˈdutiz, ɪz nɑt ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd ðɛr ər noʊ juz. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt riˈstrɪkʃənz ɔn ˌriprəˈdəkʃən, dərˈɪvɪtɪv wərks, ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən, pərˈfɔrməns, ər dɪˈspleɪ əv ðə wərk. ˈɛniˌwən meɪ, wɪˈθaʊt riˈstrɪkʃən ˈəndər juz. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt lɔz, ˌriprəˈdus ðə wərk ɪn ˈkɑpiz ɪn prɪnt ər ɪn ˈdɪʤɪtəl fɔrm; priˈpɛr dərˈɪvɪtɪv wərks əv ðə wərk; pərˈfɔrm ðə wərk ˈpəblɪkli; dɪˈspleɪ ðə wərk; dɪˈstrɪbjut ˈkɑpiz ər ˈdɪʤətəli ˈtrænsfər ðə wərk tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk baɪ seɪl ər ˈəðər ˈtrænsfər əv ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp, ər baɪ ˈrɛntəl, lis, ər ˈlɛndɪŋ. ˈkeɪviˌæts ˈəðər ˈpərsənz meɪ hæv raɪts ˈiðər ɪn ðə wərk ˌɪtˈsɛlf ər ɪn haʊ ðə wərk ɪz juzd, səʧ ɛz pəˈblɪsɪti ər ˈpraɪvəsi raɪts. nɑt ɔl wərk ðət əˈpɪrz ɔn ˈjuˈɛs ˈgəvərnmənt ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ɪz kənˈsɪdərd tɪ bi ə ˈjuˈɛs ˈgəvərnmənt wərk. ʧɛk wɪθ ðə ˈkɑntɛnt ˈkjʊrətər tɪ si ˈwɛðər ðə wərk ɪz ə ˈjuˈɛs ˈgəvərnmənt wərk. wərks priˈpɛrd fər ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈgəvərnmənt baɪ ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈkɑnˌtræktərz meɪ bi prəˈtɛktɪd baɪ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt, wɪʧ meɪ bi oʊnd baɪ ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈkɑnˌtræktər ər baɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈgəvərnmənt.. ˈsɛkənd, ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ biɪŋ juzd ɔn ðə waɪt haʊs ˈflɪkər əˈkaʊnt ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðə ˈflɪkər peɪʤ lɪŋks tɪ ðə saɪt ðət sɪz ˈgəvərnmənt ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ər, ˈifɛktɪvli, ˈpəblɪk doʊˈmeɪn: ðɪs əˈfɪʃəl waɪt haʊs ˈfoʊtəˌgræf ɪz biɪŋ meɪd əˈveɪləbəl ˈoʊnli fər ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən baɪ nuz ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz fər ˈpərsɪnəl juz ˈprɪnɪŋ baɪ ðə subject(s*) əv ðə ˈfoʊtəˌgræf. ðə ˈfoʊtəˌgræf meɪ nɑt bi məˈnɪpjəˌleɪtɪd ɪn ˈɛni weɪ ənd meɪ nɑt bi juzd ɪn kəˈmərʃəl ər pəˈlɪtɪkəl məˈtɪriəlz, ˈædvərˌtaɪzmənts, iˈmeɪlz, ˈprɑdəkts, pərˈmoʊʃənz ðət ɪn ˈɛni weɪ səˈʤɛsts əˈpruvəl ər ɛnˈdɔrsmənt əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt, ðə fərst ˈfæməli, ər ðə waɪt haʊs. ðə fərst θɪŋ aɪ dɪd wɑz ʧɛk tɪ si ɪf ðə fəˈtɑgrəfər pit ˈsuzə wɑz ˈfriˌlænsər ər stæf. ɪt tərnz aʊt ðət hi ɪz ɔn liv frəm oʊˈhaɪoʊ ˌjunəˈvərsəti ənd ɪz boʊθ ðə əˈfɪʃəl waɪt haʊs fəˈtɑgrəfər ənd dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə waɪt haʊs ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈɔfəs. ɪt wʊd bi ˈrizənəbəl tɪ əˈsum ðət hɪz ˈɔfəs wɑz ˌɪnstrəˈmɛnəl ɪn ˈkræftɪŋ ðə əˈbəv ˈlæŋgwɪʤ. ɪt wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈrizənəbəl tɪ əˈsum ðət ðɪs ˈpɑləsi wɑz ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ˈæftər duəl ɪmˈbɛrəsmənts. maɪ kˈwɛʃən: dɪz ðə waɪt haʊs hæv ðə əˈθɔrəti tɪ rɪˈvərs ðə ˈblæŋkɪt ɪz noʊ copyright”*” ˈpɑləsi əv ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt, ˈsɪmpli bɪˈkəz ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt laɪk hɪz (ˈnɑnˈwaɪt haʊs oʊnd) ˈfoʊˌtoʊ biɪŋ juzd ɪn wət əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ən ɛnˈdɔrsmənt? ənd ɪz ðɪs ðə ˈoʊnli ˈrikɔrs əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ðə waɪt haʊs tɪ prɪˈvɛnt əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd juz əv ˈpərsɪnəl ˈɪmɪʤɪz? aɪ noʊ ðə ˈænsər tɪ ðə fərst kˈwɛʃən laɪk tɪ θɪŋk ðə ˈænsər ɪz ““no”*”) bət ðɛr simz tɪ bi ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ lɔ ðət prəˈtɛkts ðə frəm əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd juz əv ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ðɛr ˈpərsənz tɪ ˌɪmˈplaɪ ən ɛnˈdɔrsmənt. ɛz pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ ˌriˈpɔrtəd ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, nu jɔrk lɔ prəˈtɛkts ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz frəm əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd juz əv ðɛr ˈɪmɪʤ fər ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ: ə ˈkəpəl əv ˈsɔrsəz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə nu jɔrk ˈlɔjər hu noʊz ðə steɪt lɔ ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu wɛl, seɪ ðə ɔn kwaɪt θɪn ˈligəl aɪs, ˈsaɪtɪŋ ˈsɛkʃən 50 əv nu jɔrk ˈsɪvəl raɪts lɔ, wɪʧ sɪz ðət ˈpərsən, fərm ər ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən ðət ˈjuzɪz fər ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈpərpəsɪz, ər fər ðə ˈpərpəsɪz əv treɪd, ðə neɪm, ˈpɔrtrət ər ˈpɪkʧər əv ˈɛni ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈpərsən wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ fərst əbˈteɪnd ðə ˈrɪtən kənˈsɛnt əv səʧ ˈpərsən, ər ɪf ə ˈmaɪnər əv hɪz ər hər ˈpɛrənt ər ˈgɑrdiən, ɪz ˈgɪlti əv ə misdemeanor.”*.” pərˈhæps ðə waɪt haʊs riˈmaɪndɪd ðə ˈwɛðərˌpruf koʊ. əv ðə pərˈtɪkjələrz əv nu jɔrk lɔ ənd səkˈsidɪd ɪn ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə ˈbɪlˌbɔrd pʊld wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ tɪ faɪl ə ˈlɔˌsut. ðə ˈpitə ““endorsement”*” ɪz nɑt ɛz ə vaɪəˈleɪʃən, ɛz mɪˈʃɛl ˈɔfəs həz ˈpəblɪkli kənˈfərmd (meɪ 2009 ʤun 2009 ðət ʃi dɪz nɑt wɛr fər, wɪʧ ɪz wət ðə ˈpitə æd sɪz. tɪ ðə waɪt haʊs, aɪ səˈʤɛst ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ðət (ˌənɛnˈfɔrsəbəl, ɪn maɪ əˈpɪnjən) ˈkɑpiˌraɪt kleɪm: ə riˈmaɪndər ðət ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs meɪ nɑt bi juzd ɪn ˈɛni ˈmænər ðət səˈʤɛsts əˈpruvəl ər ɛnˈdɔrsmənt əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt, ðə fərst ˈfæməli, ər ðə waɪt haʊs, ˈwɛðər ðə ɛnˈdɔrsmənt ɪz kəˈmərʃəl ər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ɪn ˈneɪʧər. ə gʊd riˈmaɪndər. ju kʊd ˈɔlˌmoʊst kɔl ɪt ə ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs əˈnaʊnsmɛnt. ənd ˈsərtənli lɛs ðən ðə kˈwɛsʧənəbəl ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˈkərəntli ɪn juz. ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ðɛr rɪˈspɛktɪv ˈoʊnərz ənd ˈpəblɪʃt hir ˈəndər fɛr juz (ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən, ˈkɑmənˌtɛri). klɪk ˈɪmɪʤ tɪ bi rɪˈfərd tɪ ərˈɪʤənəl saɪt.
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posted by kathy gill, technology policy analyst on feb 6, 2010 in politics |
white house makes full copyright claim on photos
let me preface this post by reminding folks that ianal (i am not a lawyer).
the u.s. government policy on photographs and copyright is pretty straightfoward: photos produced by federal employees as part of their job responsibilities are “not subject to copyright in the united states and there are no u.s. copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work.”
why, then, is the obama white house asserting that no one but “news organizations” can use its flickr photos? why is it asserting that manipulation is prohibited? why is it asserting that photos may not be used in “commercial or political materials, advertisements, emails, products, promotions that in any way suggests approval or endorsement of the president, the first family, or the white house”?
the “easy” answer is that this appears to be a heavy-handed white house response to last month’s controversy resulting from a billboard that implied the president endorsed the weatherproof garmet co. the company used an associated press photo of the president in one of the company’s jackets as the basis for a times square billboard. (the billboard came down a few days after it was launched; the company had intended it to have a two month lifespan.)
maybe a response to peta (people for the ethical treatment of animals) using an image of first lady michelle obama in an “anti-fur” ad. this also happened in january, i might add.
or maybe a (belated) response to the furor (and lawsuit + criminal investigation) generated by an artist who violated copyright when he modified an ap image into a poster that became an icon for obama’s presidential campaign.
whatever the reason, the assertion of these “rights” seems to be in direct contrast to official government policy and is certainly in direct contrast to reasonable expectations by the public, given that the photos are being produced with taxpayer (ie, public) money. ironically, the same flickr page that claims (almost exclusive) copyright also links to the u.s. copyright policy statement.
and in stark contrast white house actions in may 2009, when wired reported that its flickr photos had been made “public domain” images. the white house had been using a creative commons license, but many had noted that “government works be copyright.”
let’s compare the u.s. stated policy on copyright with the current claims made by the obama white house.
first, from usa.gov:
a work that is a united states government work, prepared by an officer or employee of the united states government as part of that person’s official duties, is not subject to copyright in the united states and there are no u.s. copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. anyone may, without restriction under u.s. copyright laws, reproduce the work in copies in print or in digital form;
prepare derivative works of the work;
perform the work publicly;
display the work;
distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. caveats other persons may have rights either in the work itself or in how the work is used, such as publicity or privacy rights.
not all work that appears on us government websites is considered to be a us government work. check with the content curator to see whether the work is a us government work. works prepared for the united states government by independent contractors may be protected by copyright, which may be owned by the independent contractor or by the united states government..
second, here’s the language being used on the white house flickr account — even though the flickr page links to the usa.gov site that says government photos are, effectively, public domain:
this official white house photograph is being made available only for publication by news organizations and/or for personal use printing by the subject(s) of the photograph. the photograph may not be manipulated in any way and may not be used in commercial or political materials, advertisements, emails, products, promotions that in any way suggests approval or endorsement of the president, the first family, or the white house.
the first thing i did was check to see if the photographer — pete souza — was freelancer or staff. it turns out that he is on leave from ohio university and is both the official white house photographer and director of the white house photo office. it would be reasonable to assume that his office was instrumental in crafting the above language.
it would also be reasonable to assume that this policy was implemented after january’s dual embarrassments.
here’s my question: does the white house have the authority to reverse the blanket “there is no copyright” policy of the federal government, simply because the president like his (non-white house owned) photo being used in what appears to be an endorsement? and is this the only recourse available to the white house to prevent unauthorized use of personal images?
i know the answer to the first question (i’d like to think the answer is “no”) but there seems to be existing law that protects the obamas from unauthorized use of images of their persons to imply an endorsement. as politico reported in january, new york law protects individuals from unauthorized use of their image for advertising:
a couple of sources, including a new york lawyer who knows the state law on the issue well, say the company’s on quite thin legal ice, citing section 50 of new york civil rights law, which says that “a person, firm or corporation that uses for advertising purposes, or for the purposes of trade, the name, portrait or picture of any living person without having first obtained the written consent of such person, or if a minor of his or her parent or guardian, is guilty of a misdemeanor.”
perhaps the white house reminded the weatherproof garmet co. of the particulars of new york law and succeeded in getting the billboard pulled without having to file a lawsuit. the peta “endorsement” is not as black-and-white a violation, as michelle obama’s office has publicly confirmed (may 2009, june 2009) that she does not wear fur, which is what the peta ad says.
to the white house, i suggest the following change in that (unenforceable, in my opinion) copyright claim:
a reminder that photographs may not be used in any manner that suggests approval or endorsement of the president, the first family, or the white house, whether the endorsement is commercial or political in nature.
it’s a good reminder. you could almost call it a public service announcement. and certainly less heavy-handed than the questionable language currently in use.
photos copyright their respective owners and published here under fair use (education, commentary). click image to be referred to original site.
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sæn ˈpeɪdroʊ, ˈaɪvəri koʊst (ˈrɔɪtərz) ˈkoʊkoʊ ˈfɑrmərz ɪn tɔp groʊər ˈaɪvəri koʊst ər ˈpæsɪŋ əp ˈfərtəˌlaɪzər ənd ˈpɛstəˌsaɪd ˈtritmənts ənd ər ˌɪnˈstɛd ˈspɛndɪŋ ðɛr rɪˈdust ˈərnɪŋz ðɪs ˈsizən ɔn ɛˈsɛnʃəlz laɪk fud, ˈhɛlθˌkɛr ənd skul fiz ɛz ə drɔp ɪn wərld ˈpraɪsɪz hɪts hoʊm. faɪl ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ə ˈfɑrmər pərˈpɛrz tɪ kət ˈkoʊkoʊ pɑdz æt ə ˈkoʊkoʊ fɑrm ɪn agboville*, ˈaɪvəri koʊst ˈeɪprəl 24 2017 ðə ˈfeɪljər tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛst ɪn pərˈpɛrɪŋ ˌplænˈteɪʃənz fər ðə nɛkst ˈsizən, wɪʧ ˈoʊpənz ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər, rɪsks ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɛm ˈvəlnərəbəl tɪ pɛsts ənd dɪˈziz ənd kʊd lɛd tɪ rɪˈdust ˈaʊtˌpʊt. nɑt wət ˈɪntərɪsts mi raɪt naʊ. aɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ˈrisɔrsɪz ɔn ˈkoʊkoʊ ənd lɛt ˌmaɪˈsɛlf starve,”*,” sɛd n’guessan*, hu fɑrmz 10 ˈhɛkˌtɑrz 25 ˈeɪkərz) nɪr ðə ˈwɛstərn taʊn əv soubre*. aɪ prɪˈfər tɪ kip ðə ˈməni fər ˈmɛdəsən, fud ənd tɪ peɪ fər maɪ ˈʧɪldrən tɪ goʊ tɪ school.”*.” ˈkoʊkoʊ fˈjuʧərz ɪn nu jɔrk ənd ˈləndən hæv ˈfɑlən baɪ əraʊnd ə θərd sɪns læst jɪr. ðə slaɪd prəˈvoʊkt ə weɪv əv ˈɛkspɔrt ˈkɑnˌtrækt dɪˈfɔlts ɪn ˈaɪvəri koʊst ðət kriˈeɪtɪd ə glət əv binz ðət ˈoʊnli sərvd tɪ draɪv ˈpraɪsɪz daʊn ˈfərðər. ˈfɑrmərz sɛd ə ˈmɪnəməm prəˈdusər praɪs əv fræŋks pər ˈkɪləˌgræm, wɪʧ ɪz mɛnt tɪ bi ˌgɛrənˈtid baɪ ðə ˈkɔfi ənd ˈkoʊkoʊ ˈkaʊnsəl (ccc*), wɑz ˈlɑrʤli ˌɪgˈnɔrd baɪ baɪərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə meɪn krɑp. ðə slæʃt ðə ˈfɑrmər praɪs tɪ 700 fər ðə mid-crop*, bət ˈfɑrmərz toʊld ˈrɔɪtərz læst wik ðət ðeɪ wər stɪl rɪˈsivɪŋ ˈoʊnli əraʊnd 500. hæv dɛts frəm læst ˈfərtəˌlaɪzər. maɪ ˈkoʊkoʊ sɛl wɛl ðɪs ˈsizən, soʊ fər mi ˈmeɪntənəns ənd ˈtritɪŋ maɪ ˌplænˈteɪʃən wɪθ ˈkɛmɪkəlz ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt thing,”*,” sɛd bəˈnɔɪt djedje*, hu fɑrmz nɪr ðə taʊn əv duekoue*. ˈfɑrmərz ɪn ðə ˈriʤənz əv soubre*, gueyo*, buyo*, ɛt sæn ˈpeɪdroʊ ɔl ˈsɪmələrli sɛd ðeɪ hæd nɑt ˌɪnˈvɛstɪd ɪn ənd ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈtritmənts əˈgɛnst pɛsts ənd dɪˈziz. ˈrɔɪtərz spoʊk wɪθ 15 ˈvɛndərz əv ˈfərtəˌlaɪzər ənd ˈprɑdəkts ɪn ˈaɪvəri ˈwɛstərn groʊɪŋ ˈriʤənz. nən hæd riʧt mɔr ðən ə kˈwɔrtər əv ðɛr ˈtərˌnoʊvər frəm læst ˈsizən. hæd ðə seɪm stɑk fər faɪv mənθs ənd toʊld maɪ səˈplaɪər ɪn æbɪˈʤɑn ðət aɪ teɪk ˈɛni mɔr ðɪs jɪr, bɪˈkəz ʤɪst nɑt working,”*,” sɛd coulibaly*, ə ˈfərtəˌlaɪzər ˈdilər ɪn bonon*, ɪn ðə ˈriʤən əv daloa*. læst ˈsizən hi sɛd hi riˈplɛnɪʃt hɪz stɑks θri taɪmz du tɪ dɪˈmænd. ˈwərid əˈbaʊt ðɪs ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən bət aɪ noʊ wət ðə səˈluʃən ɪz. ðə ˈfɑrmərz hæv ˈnəθɪŋ tɪ baɪ ˈfərtəˌlaɪzər ənd ˈəðər ˈprɑdəkts wɪθ. ðət ɪz ˈdeɪnʤərəs fər ðə nɛkst production,”*,” ən ɪkˈspɔrtər toʊld ˈrɔɪtərz.
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san pedro, ivory coast (reuters) - cocoa farmers in top grower ivory coast are passing up fertilizer and pesticide treatments and are instead spending their reduced earnings this season on essentials like food, healthcare and school fees as a drop in world prices hits home.
file photo: a farmer prepares to cut cocoa pods at a cocoa farm in agboville, ivory coast april 24, 2017. reuters/luc gnago
the failure to invest in preparing plantations for the next season, which opens in october, risks making them vulnerable to pests and disease and could lead to reduced output.
“that’s not what interests me right now. i can’t focus resources on cocoa and let myselfarve,” said fulbert n’guessan, who farms 10 hectares (25 acres) near the western town of soubre. “so i prefer to keep the money for medicine, food and to pay for my children to go to school.”
cocoa futures in new york and london have fallen by around a third since last year. the slide provoked a wave of export contract defaults in ivory coast that created a glut of beans that only served to drive prices down further.
farmers said a minimum producer price of 1,100 cfa francs ($1.88) per kilogram, which is meant to be guaranteed by the coffee and cocoa council (ccc), was largely ignored by buyers during the october-to-march main crop.
the ccc slashed the farmer price to 700 cfa francs/kg for the april-to-september mid-crop, but farmers told reuters last week that they wereill receiving only around 500 cfa francs/kg.
“i have debts from last year’s fertilizer. my cocoa didn’t sell well this season, so for me maintenance and treating my plantation with chemicals isn’t the most important thing,” said benoit djedje, who farms near the town of duekoue.
farmers in the regions of soubre, gueyo, buyo, kahin et san pedro all similarly said they had not invested in fertilisers and chemical treatments against pests and disease.
reuters spoke with 15 vendors of fertilizer and phytosanitary products in ivory coast’s western growing regions. none had reached more than a quarter of their turnover from last season.
“i’ve had the sameock for five months and i’ve told my supplier in abidjan that i won’t take any more this year, because it’s just not working,” said cheick coulibaly, a fertilizer dealer in bonon, in the region of daloa.
last season he said he replenished hisocks three times due to demand.
“i’m worried about this situation but i don’t know what the solution is. the farmers have nothing to buy fertilizer and other products with. that is dangerous for the next year’s production,” an abidjan-based exporter told reuters.
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•* ðə 2016 ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən əˈwɔrdz ɛz ðeɪ ˈhæpənd huz ɪn ðə kləb? klɪk hir tɪ faɪnd ˈɛvəri ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən pleɪər ˈskɪpər ʤoʊəl həz bɪn neɪmd ˈkæptən əv ðə 2016 ˈvərʤɪn ɔˈstreɪljə ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən tim ɪn ə ˈlaɪˌnəp ðət ˌɪnˈkludz naɪn debutants*. nil ðə ˈlidɪŋ pəˈzɛʃən ˈwɪnər ɪn 2016 wɑz wən əv ˈsɛvərəl ənˈləki oʊˈmɪʃənz, wɪθ nɔrθ ˈmɛlbərn ki dɪˈfɛndər ˈrɑbi ˈtɑrənt ˈɔlsoʊ ˈmɪsɪŋ aʊt. ənd ˌsupərˈstɑr ˈtiˌmeɪt ˈpætrɪk ˈdeɪnʤərˌfild wər neɪmd əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd iʧ ˈəðər ˈæftər ə ˈbrɪljənt ˈsizən ɛz ə double-act*. aɪ kænt weɪt fər ˈbraʊnˌloʊ, sɪz ˈdeɪnʤərˌfild ɪt wɑz fɪθ səˈlɛkʃən ɪn ən ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən tim ənd ðə θərd taɪm hi həz bɪn neɪmd ˈkæptən ˈæftər ˈərnɪŋ ðə ˈɑnər ɪn 2013 ənd 2014 ˈoʊnli weɪn ˈkɛri (fɔr taɪmz) həz bɪn neɪmd ˈskɪpər mɔr taɪmz. ɪt wɑz ən ˈɑnər hi sɛd hi wʊd ˈfʊli əˈpriʃiˌeɪt ənd hoʊld dɪr wɪn rɪˈflɛktɪŋ ɔn hɪz kərɪr. "ˈmeɪbi wən deɪ wɪn aɪ ˈfɪnɪʃ əp ənd lʊk bæk ˈoʊvər ðə neɪmz, ənd ˈprɑbəˌbli stɪl si ə fju əv ðiz gaɪz ˈrənɪŋ əraʊnd," hi sɛd. "əˈspɛʃəli ðə jəŋ wənz, ənd ˈmeɪbi stɪl 'bəd' (læns ˈfræŋklɪn) ðə weɪ ðət ˈkɑnˌtrækts goʊɪŋ. "ɪts ə ˈvɛri ˈspɛʃəl ˈɑnər. ɪts hɑrd tɪ pʊt ˈɪntu wərdz, bət wən ðət aɪl ˈʧɛrɪʃ nɑt ˈoʊnli naʊ bət ˈleɪtər ɔn ɪn laɪf tu." θri 2016 ɔl ɔˈstreɪljənz (l-r*) ˈpætrɪk ˈdeɪnʤərˌfild, ʤoʊəl ənd ˈkɔri ɪnˈraɪt ənd ˈpɑrtnərz. ˈpɪkʧər: ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ˈmaɪnər prɛˈmɪrz ðə ˈsɪdni swɔnz ˈdɑməˌneɪt ðə 22 wɪθ faɪv pleɪərz səˈlɛktɪd, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ dɪˈfɛndər deɪn ənd luk ˈpɑrkər, hu wɑz səˈlɛktɪd ɔn ðə bɛnʧ. ʤɑʃ ˈkɛnədi ənd dæn ər neɪmd ɔn ðə centreline*, waɪl ˌsupərˈstɑr læns ˈfræŋklɪn ɪz neɪmd æt ˈsɛntər. ˈfræŋklənz səˈlɛkʃən kæpt ɔf ə ˈpɪriəd ðət ˈstɑrtɪd ɔn ðə iv əv læst jɪrz ˈfaɪnəlz ˈsɪriz wɪn hi wɪθˈdru frəm pleɪɪŋ tɪ sik ˈtritmənt fər dɪˈprɛʃən. "aɪ hæd tɪ meɪk ə dɪˈsɪʒən wɪθ maɪ laɪf 12 mənθs əˈgoʊ ənd ɪts ˈsəmθɪŋ aɪ ˈnidɪd tɪ du fər ˌmaɪˈsɛlf," ˈfræŋklɪn sɛd. "əm ˈrɪli plizd ðət aɪ dɪd ðət ənd tɪ kəm aʊt əv ɪt ðə ˈəðər saɪd ˈrɪli, ˈrɪli ˈhæpi. "aɪ wɑz ˈfɔrʧənət ɪˈnəf tɪ hæv ðət səˈpɔrt əraʊnd mi tɪ hɛlp mi θru ðə təf taɪmz, ənd həz bɪn ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈfæktər ɪn mi biɪŋ ɪn ə gʊd pleɪs." ənd ˈædəˌleɪd iʧ hæd θri pleɪərz neɪmd, wɪθ ˈvɛtərən kæt dɪˈfɛndər ˈkɔri ɪnˈraɪt neɪmd æt. ɪt ɪz hɪz sɪksθ ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən səˈlɛkʃən. ˈædəˌleɪd ˈrɔri sloʊn wɑz səˈlɛktɪd ɪn ðə tim əv ðə jɪr fər ðə fərst taɪm ɔn ə wɪŋ ənd ˈɔlsoʊ neɪmd. dɪˈfɛndər ˈdænjəl ənd stɑr ˈfɔrwərd ˈɛdi bɛts ərnd ðɛr ˈsɛkənd səˈlɛkʃənz. kroʊ ˈrɔri sloʊn wɑz neɪmd ˈæftər ˈərnɪŋ hɪz fərst ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈʤækɪt. ˈpɪkʧər: ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ɪn ˈtoʊtəl 10 timz wər ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd, wɪθ ˈrɪʧmənd, wɛst koʊst, ˈgreɪtər ˈwɛstərn ˈsɪdni ənd ðə ˈwɛstərn ˈbʊlˌdɔgz ɔl wɪθ tu pleɪərz ɪn ðə tim əˈnaʊnst æt ˌɛksəˈbɪʃən ˈsɛntər. ˈdɑmənənt ˈmɛlbərn bɪg mæn mæks wɑz ðə ˈoʊnli rək neɪmd ɪn ðə skwɑd, ˌgɛrənˈtiɪŋ ɪm səˈlɛkʃən ɪn ðə ˈfaɪnəl 22 fər ðə fərst taɪm ˈæftər ə sʊˈpərb ˈsizən. ˈkoʊlmən ʤɑʃ ˈkɛnədi ɪz neɪmd æt fʊl ˈfɔrwərd fər ðə ˈsɛkənd streɪt ˈsizən ˈæftər ˈkɪkɪŋ 80 goʊlz, waɪl goʊld koʊst ˈfɔrwərd tɑm lɪnʧ 66 goʊlz) wɑz neɪmd ɪn ə ˈpɑkət. nɔrm smɪθ ˈsɪrəl wɑz neɪmd ɪn hɪz θərd ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən tim æt, wɪθ ˈgreɪtər ˈwɛstərn ˈsɪdni ˈtoʊbi grin ɔn ðə ˈɑpəzɪt flæŋk. ðə 2016 ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən laɪn (l-r*): ˈtoʊbi grin, læns ˈfræŋklɪn ənd ˈsɪrəl. ˈpɪkʧər: ˈfoʊˌtoʊz wɛst koʊst dɪˈfɛndər ˈʤɛrəˌmi məˈgəvərn wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ səˈlɛktɪd fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn ə ðət ˌɪnˈkludz ˈrɪʧmənd stɑr ˈæləks ræns fər ðə θərd kənˈsɛkjətɪv ˈsizən. ræns, ˈwaɪdli əˈkleɪmd ɛz ðə geɪmz ˈstænˌdaʊt ki dɪˈfɛndər ðɪs jɪr, həz bɪn neɪmd æt full-back*, wɪθ məˈgəvərn ɪn ə ˈpɑkət ɛz ðə θərd tɔl dɪˈfɛndər. ˈgreɪtər ˈwɛstərn ˈsɪdni dɪˈfɛndər hiθ ʃɔ ɪz neɪmd æt ɪn hɪz ˈsɛkənd ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən, ˈhævɪŋ lɛd ðə fər riˈbaʊnd 172 ənd ˈævərɪʤ ˈmitərz geɪnd ə geɪm). ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈmæθju bɔɪd wɑz neɪmd ɔn ðə ˌɪnərˈʧeɪnʤ əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ˈwɛstərn ˈbʊlˌdɔgz ˈtiˌmeɪt ˈmɑrkəs bontempelli*, ˈrɪʧmənd stɑr ˈdəstɪn ˈmɑrtɪn ənd ˈpɑrkər, hu wər ɔl səˈlɛktɪd fər ðə fərst taɪm. ðə klæs əv 2016 ˈpɪkʧər: ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ˈoʊvərˌlʊkt ɪn ðə wər ˈkɑrltən pɛr keɪd ˈsɪmpsən ənd sæm ˈdɑʧərti, ˈrɔri lɛrd, ənd pɔrt ˈʤæspər ˈpɪtərd. ʤæk ˈstivən mɪst aʊt ɔn wət wʊd hæv bɪn hɪz fərst ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən səˈlɛkʃən, ɛz dɪd wɛst koʊsts luk ʃui ənd ˈkɑlɪŋˌwʊd ˈædəm ˈtrɛlɔr. ɪn ɔl ðɛr wər ˈoʊnli ˈsɛvən pleɪərz frəm ðə 2015 ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən tim neɪmd əˈgɛn ðɪs jɪr. ˈfaɪnəlɪst nɔrθ ˈmɛlbərn wɑz əˈməŋ eɪt timz wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈprɛzəns ɪn ðɪs jɪrz tim, əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðə ˈbrɪzˌbeɪn laɪənz, ˈkɑrltən, ˈkɑlɪŋˌwʊd, essendon*,, pɔrt ˈædəˌleɪd ənd. ˈædəˌleɪd ki dɪˈfɛndər ˈdænjəl həz bɪn səˈlɛktɪd ɪn hɪz ˈsɛkənd ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən tim, neɪmd æt ˈsɛntər. wət ðə pleɪərz sɛd ˈvɛri praʊd əv ɑr ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈbʊlˌdɔg ˈduoʊ ɪn ənd ˈmæθju "kiθ" bɔɪd. greɪt mɛn ənd klæs pleɪərz. əˈnəðər greɪt eɪeɪ tim. bɑb ˈmərfi sɛpˈtɛmbər 1 2016 wɛl dən tɪ ðə meɪər əv (northhampton*) ðə ˈɔlbəni bɔɪ ɔn ðɛr nɑdz #gəv nɪk (@realnaitanui*) sɛpˈtɛmbər 1 2016 yessssss*!!! kənˈgræts tɪ ənd fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə tim! səʧ ə ˈprɪvɪlɪʤ tɪ pleɪ wɪθ ðɛm boʊθ ˈistən wʊd (@easton_wood*) sɛpˈtɛmbər 1 2016 9 12 18 29 soʊ soʊ stɪf 4 27 ˈʃʊdəv kɪkt streɪt ˈbroʊti smɪθ sɛpˈtɛmbər 1 2016 huz ɪn ðə kləb? klɪk hir tɪ faɪnd ˈɛvəri ɔl ɔˈstreɪljən pleɪər
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• the 2016 all australian awards as they happened
• who's in the club? click here to find every all australian player
geelong skipper joel selwood has been named captain of the 2016 virgin australia afl all australian team in a line-up that includes nine debutants.
fremantle ball-magnet lachie neale – the afl's leading possession winner in 2016 – was one of several unlucky omissions, with north melbourne key defender robbie tarrant also missing out.
selwood and superstar teammate patrick dangerfield were named alongside each other on-ball after a brilliant season as a midfield double-act.
• i can't wait for brownlow, says nerveless dangerfield
it was selwood's fifth selection in an all australian team and the third time he has been named captain after earning the honour in 2013 and 2014. only wayne carey (four times) has been named skipper more times.
it was an honour he said he would fully appreciate and hold dear when reflecting on his career.
"maybe one day when i finish up and look back over the names, and probably still see a few of these guys running around," he said.
"especially the young ones, and maybe still 'bud' (lance franklin) the way that contract's going.
"it's a very special honour. it's hard to put into words, but one that i'll cherish not only now but later on in life too."
geelong's three 2016 all australians (l-r) patrick dangerfield, joel selwood and corey enright and partners. picture: afl photos
minor premiers the sydney swans dominate the 22, with five players selected, including first-time defender dane rampe and midfielder luke parker, who was selected on the bench.
onballers josh kennedy and dan hannebery are named on the centreline, while superstar lance franklin is named at centre half-forward.
franklin's selection capped off a 12-month period that started on the eve of last year's finals series when he withdrew from playing to seek treatment for depression.
"i had to make a decision with my life 12 months ago and it's something i needed to do for myself," franklin said.
"i'm really pleased that i did that and to come out of it the other side ... really, really happy.
"i was fortunate enough to have that support around me to help me through the tough times, and footy has been a major factor in me being in a good place."
geelong and adelaide each had three players named, with veteran cat defender corey enright named at half-back. it is his sixth all australian selection.
adelaide midfielder rory sloane was selected in the team of the year for the first time on a wing and also named vice-captain. defender daniel talia and star forward eddie betts earned their second selections.
crow rory sloane was named vice-captain after earning his first all australian jacket. picture: afl photos
in total 10 teams were represented, with richmond, west coast, greater western sydney and the western bulldogs all with two players in the team announced at melbourne's exhibition centre.
dominant melbourne big man max gawn was the only ruck named in the 40-man squad, guaranteeing him selection in the final 22 for the first time after a superb season.
coleman medallist josh kennedy is named at full forward for the second straight season after kicking 80 goals, while gold coast forward tom lynch (66 goals) was named in a pocket.
hawthorn's norm smith medallist cyril rioli was named in his third all australian team at half-forward, with greater western sydney debutant toby greene on the opposite flank.
the 2016 all australian half-forward line (l-r): toby greene, lance franklin and cyril rioli. picture: afl photos
west coast defender jeremy mcgovern was also selected for the first time in a backline that includes richmond star alex rance for the third consecutive season.
rance, widely acclaimed as the game's standout key defender this year, has been named at full-back, with mcgovern in a pocket as the third tall defender.
greater western sydney defender heath shaw is named at half-back in his second team-of-the-year nomination, having led the afl for rebound 50s (172) and average metres gained (562m a game).
third-time all australian matthew boyd was named on the interchange alongside western bulldogs teammate marcus bontempelli, richmond star dustin martin and parker, who were all selected for the first time.
the class of 2016. picture: afl photos
overlooked in the backline were carlton pair kade simpson and sam docherty, adelaide's rory laird, and port adelaide's jasper pittard.
st kilda midfielder jack steven missed out on what would have been his first all australian selection, as did west coast's luke shuey and collingwood midfielder adam treloar.
in all there were only seven players from the 2015 all australian team named again this year.
finalist north melbourne was among eight teams without a presence in this year's team, alongside the brisbane lions, carlton, collingwood, essendon, fremantle, port adelaide and st kilda.
adelaide key defender daniel talia has been selected in his second all australian team, named at centre half-back.
what the players said
very proud of our all australian bulldog duo in @mbontempelli4 and matthew "keith" boyd. great men and class players. another great aa team. bob murphy (@bobmurphy02) september 1, 2016
well done to the mayor of mooniemia (northhampton) & the albany boy on their #allaustralian nods #jk #gov nic naitanui (@realnaitanui) september 1, 2016
yessssss!!! congrats to bonti and boydy for making the #allaustralian team! such a privilege to play with them both easton wood (@easton_wood) september 1, 2016
#9 #12 #18 ⭐️
#29 so so stiff
#4 #27 should've kicked straight #allaustralian brodie smith (@brodiesmith33) september 1, 2016
• who's in the club? click here to find every all australian player
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ʤoʊ ˈʃiən, ðə blu jays’*’ dɪˈrɛktər əv ˌænəˈlɪtɪks, rɪˈmɛmbərz wɪn hi fərst hərd ˈmeɪʤər lig ˈbeɪsˈbɔl wɑz ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ˌɪnˈstɔlɪŋ tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪn ˈɛvəri ˈbɔlˌpɑrk. wɑz ə moment,”*,” hi sɛd. θɪŋk ˈɛvriˌbɑdi sɔ ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz. ʤeɪz dɪˈrɛktər əv ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ʤoʊ ˈʃiən rɪˈmɛmbərz wɪn hi fərst hərd ˈmeɪʤər lig ˈbeɪsˈbɔl wɑz ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ˌɪnˈstɔlɪŋ tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪn ˈɛvəri ˈbɔlˌpɑrk. wɑz ə moment.”*.” ˈlukəs stɑr ˈlukəs tərˈɑntoʊ stɑr hæd pɪʧ ˈtrækɪŋ, wi hæd hɪt ˈtrækɪŋ, ənd ɪf ðɪs aɪˈdiə wərkt wi wʊd hæv səm ˈmɛʒər əv wɛr ðə ˈfildərz wər, wɪʧ ˈoʊpənd əp ə lɔt əv kˈwɛsʧənz ðət ˌbiˈfɔr ju wər ʤɪst ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪŋ ɔn. səm əv ðoʊz kˈwɛsʧənz ər ˈænsərəbəl now.”*.” wɑz ənˈveɪld tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk læst ˈsizən, bət frənt ˈɔfəsɪz hæv hæd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə rimz əv ˈdætə fər ə fju jɪrz naʊ. ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi træks ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri ˈmoʊmənt ɪn ˈɛvəri geɪm, ˈreɪnʤɪŋ frəm ðə ˈɛksət vəˈlɑsətiz ɔn ˈbætɪd bɔlz tɪ ðə rut ɪˈfɪʃənsiz, ˈdɪstənsɪz ˈkəvərd ənd fʊt spid əv ˈaʊtˌfildərz, tɪ ðə ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz pər ˈmɪnət əv ˈɛvəri pɪʧ ənd ðə spid əv θroʊz meɪd baɪ ˈɛvəri pleɪər. ðɪs ɪz ɔn tɔp əv ɔl ðə ˈdætə ðət həz bɪn kəˈlɛktəd sɪns 2008 pɑrt straɪk zoʊn ˈɑrtɪkəl kənˈtɪnjud bɪˈloʊ pɑrt ˈpɪʧɪŋ ˈɪnʤəriz fər frənt ˈɔfəsɪz, ðə ˈbɪgəst geɪn həz bɪn ɪn tərmz əv ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ dɪˈfɛns, wɪʧ əv ɔl ðə ˈfæsəts əv ðə geɪm həz ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ðə ˈtəfəst tɪ ˈmɛʒər. timz kən naʊ rɪˈlaɪ ɔn mɔr ðən ʤɪst ðə aɪ tɛst tɪ ʤəʤ ə reɪnʤ, rut ɪˈfɪʃənsi ənd spid ɪn ðə fild. wɛr ðə gaɪz ər wɪn ðeɪ stɑrt, ðət həz ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə blaɪnd spɑt fər dɪˈfɛnsɪv metrics,”*,” ˈʃiən sɛd. noʊ wɛr ðə bɔl ɛndz, bət ju noʊ haʊ fɑr ðə gaɪ hæd tɪ goʊ tɪ gɪt tɪ ɪt. biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ pɪn ðət daʊn həz hɛlpt ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ˈbɛtər stɑrt tɪ ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt defence.”*.” ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ kəˈlɛkt ðə ˈdætə, ˈjuzɪz ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈɑptɪkəl ˈkæmərəz ənd ˈreɪˌdɑr ɪkˈwɪpmənt ˌɪnˈstɔld ɪn ˈɛvəri ˈbɔlˌpɑrk ðət træk ðə prɪˈsaɪs loʊˈkeɪʃən ənd ˈmuvmənt əv ðə bɔl ənd ˈɛvəri pleɪər ɔn ðə fild. səm timz hæv bɪn ˈoʊpən əˈbaʊt haʊ ðə nu ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən həz ˈɪnfluənst ðɛr dɪˈsɪʒən ˈmeɪkɪŋ. ðə ˈhjustən ˈæstroʊs pləkt ˈkɑlɪn məˈkju ɔf ˈweɪvərz ə ˈkəpəl jɪrz əˈgoʊ ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ laɪkt ðə spɪn reɪt əv hɪz, waɪl ðə nu jɔrk mɛts ˈɑptɪd tɪ goʊ wɪθ ˈlukəs ˈdudə ˈoʊvər aɪk ˈdeɪvɪs æt fərst beɪs læst jɪr bɪˈkəz əv haɪər ˈɛksət vəˈlɑsətiz ɔn ˈbætɪd bɔlz. ər səm kˈwɛsʧənz ðət ɪt ˈoʊpənd əp ðət wi ˈivɪn θɪŋk tɪ æsk before,”*,” ˈʃiən sɛd. hi ɪˈlæbərˌeɪt ˈɛni ˈfərðər fər fɪr əv dɪˈvəlʤɪŋ steɪt ˈsikrɪts. ˈɑrtɪkəl kənˈtɪnjud bɪˈloʊ ðə nu ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ haʊ fænz wɔʧ ənd ˌəndərˈstænd ðə geɪm. ˈɛksət vəˈlɑsəti ɪz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli bɪˈkəmɪŋ pɑrt əv ðə ˈævərɪʤ vərˈnækjələr, ənd ˈivɪn juzd ɔn ɪn səm ˈbɔlˌpɑrks. ˈkərəntli wɛb strimz wən geɪm iʧ wik wɪθ ˈrilˌtaɪm ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən əv ˈɛksət vəˈlɑsətiz, spɪn reɪt ənd ɔl ðə ˈəðər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. kʊd səm əv ðoʊz ˈɛləmənts ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli bi ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ˈɪntu ˈrɛgjələr ˈbrɔdˌkæsts ər ˈivɪn dɪˈspleɪd ɪn ðə ˈbɔlˌpɑrk? kən ˈsərtənli si ðət happening,”*,” sɛd maɪk, ən ˈænəlɪst fər hu ˈfoʊkɪsɪz ɔn. waɪl ə spɪn reɪt kən bi təf tɪ ræp jʊr hɛd əraʊnd wɪˈθaʊt ˈɔlsoʊ ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ðə ˈrɛləvənt ˈkɑntɛkst, ðə ˈɛksət vəˈlɑsəti əv ə ˈbætɪd bɔl ər ðə fʊt spid əv ən ˈaʊtˌfildər ɪz ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli klɪr. ðə ˈbrɔdˌkæst kʊd ʃoʊ, fər ˈɪnstəns, haʊ məʧ mɔr graʊnd ʤeɪz ˈsɛntər ˈfildər ˈkɛvɪn ˈpɪlər ˈtɪpɪkəli ˈkəvərz ðən hɪz ˈkaʊntərˌpɑrt ɔn ðə əˈpoʊzɪŋ tim ər ə pəˈtɛnʃəl rɪˈpleɪsmənt ɔf ðə bɛnʧ. kənˈsidz ɪt meɪ sim laɪk tu məʧ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən fər ðə ˈævərɪʤ fæn. bət moʊst əv ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ɪz mɔr ækˈsɛsəbəl ðən moʊst ədˈvænst stəˈtɪstɪks. goʊ tɪ ə bɔl geɪm ənd seɪ, ‘‘oh*, aɪ sɔ hæf ə wɪn əˈbəv rɪˈpleɪsmənt today,’*,’ hi sɛd. wərk ðət weɪ. bət ju kən goʊ ənd seɪ, sɔ pug θroʊ ə ˈleɪzər frəm raɪt fild ənd naʊ aɪ noʊ ɪt wɑz 98 m.p.h*. ənd ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv tɪ me.’*.’ fʊt spid, ˈdɪstəns ˈkəvərd, ˈbætɪd bɔl vəˈlɑsəti stəf ˈɔlˌweɪz sin ənd ʤɪst ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈnəmbərz tɪ ðət stuff.”*.” fər, wət kəmz nɛkst ɪz ˈivɪn mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ. kʊd, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, wən deɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈmɛʒər dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ ɔn ðə fild? ˈjuzɪŋ strɛŋθ əv θroʊ ənd ə spid, kʊd ɪt dɪˈtərmən ˈwɛðər ən ˈaʊtˌfildər ʃʊd hæv θroʊn streɪt hoʊm ˈrəðər ðən hɪt ðə mæn fər ə ˈriˌleɪ? kʊd ɪt ˈækjərətli reɪt ə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ weɪv ə ˈrənər ˈhoʊmər? ˈfɪgjərɪŋ aʊt ðə ˈænsərz tɪ stəf ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈwɔntɪd tɪ noʊ ɪz cool,”*,” sɪz, ˈivɪn ˈkulər ɪz ˈfɪgjərɪŋ aʊt wət ðə raɪt nɛkst kˈwɛʃən is.”*.” ðə trækt pleɪz soʊ fɑr ðɪs ˈsizən: bɛst rut ɪˈfɪʃənsi ˈkɑrloʊs gɑnˈzɑləz pər sɛnt ðə ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ ˈrɑkiz ˈaʊtˌfildər tʊk ðə moʊst ɪˈfɪʃənt rut ˈoʊvər ə ˈdɪstəns əv æt list 90 fit ðɪs ˈsizən, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ, wɪn hi ræn 105 fit wɪθ ə rut tɪ træk daʊn ˈstɑrlɪn flaɪ bɔl ɔn ʤun 14 ˈstrɔŋgəst θroʊ ˈɛrən hɪks m.p.h*. ðə ˈjæŋkiz lɛft ˈfildər meɪd ðə ˈhɑrdəst θroʊ ɪn ˈhɪstəri ˈərliər ðɪs jɪr wɪn hi gənd daʊn ˈdæni hu traɪd tɪ tæg frəm θərd ɔn ə ˈsækrəˌfaɪs flaɪ wɪθ ə m.p.h*. ˈrɑkət. ˈfæstəst tɔp spid ˈbɪli ˈhæməltən m.p.h*. ðə ˌsɪnsəˈnæti reds’*’ skɔrd frəm ˈsɛkənd ɔn ə pæst bɔl əˈgɛnst ðə kəbz ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ, ˈriʧɪŋ ə tɔp spid əv m.p.h*. ɔn ðə basepaths*. haɪəst ˈɛksət vəˈlɑsəti hoʊm rən maɪk traʊt m.p.h*. ðə marlins’*’ ˌʤiæŋˈkɑˌrloʊ ˈstæntən ɪz ɪn ə lig əv hɪz oʊn ɪn tərmz əv ðə ˈɛksət vəˈlɑsəti əv hɪz ˈbætɪd bɔlz, bət ðə l.a*. angels’*’ traʊt həz ðə ˈhoʊmər soʊ fɑr ðɪs ˈsizən. ˈeɪprəl blæst ɔf ˈkænzəs ˈsɪti riˈlivər ˈsɔriə ən əˈspɛʃəli lɔŋ ˈhoʊmər, bət hi sɛnt ɪt aʊt ɔn ə roʊp æt ə spid əv m.p.h*. haɪəst spɪn reɪt ˈtiˌmeɪt, ˈgɛrɪt ˈrɪʧərdz, θru ə ɪn ˈeɪprəl ðət spən æt ə reɪt əv ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz pər ˈmɪnət ðə haɪəst spɪn reɪt əv ˈɛni pɪʧ trækt ðɪs ˈsizən. hi ˌɪnˈdust ə wik frəm ˈɔstən ˈʤæksən wɪθ ðə pɪʧ. noʊt: ðɪs ˈstɔri həz bɪn ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd frəm ə ˈpriviəs ˈvərʒən ðət ˌɪnkərˈɛktli ˈsteɪtɪd ðət ʤeɪz ˈaʊtˌfildər ˈkɛvɪn ˈpɪlər hæd ðə bɛst rut ɪˈfɪʃənsi tɪ ə flaɪ bɔl. ˈθərzˌdeɪ: ə ˈʃɔrtər ˈskɛʤʊl.
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joe sheehan, the blue jays’ director of analytics, remembers when he first heard major league baseball was working on installing player-tracking technology in every ballpark. “it was a light-bulb moment,” he said. “i think everybody saw the potential implications.
jays director of analytics joe sheehan remembers when he first heard major league baseball was working on installing player-tracking technology in every ballpark. “it was a light-bulb moment.” lucas oleniuk/toronto star ( lucas oleniuk / toronto star )
“we had pitch tracking, we had hit tracking, and if this idea worked we would have some measure of where the fielders were, which opened up a lot of questions that before you were just speculating on. some of those questions are answerable now.” statcast was unveiled to the public last season, but front offices have had access to the reams of data for a few years now. the technology tracks almost every moment in every game, ranging from the exit velocities on batted balls to the route efficiencies, distances covered and foot speed of outfielders, to the revolutions per minute of every pitch and the speed of throws made by every player. this is on top of all the pitch-tracking data that has been collected since 2008. part 1:automated strike zone
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part 2:ending pitching injuries for front offices, the biggest gain has been in terms of evaluating defence, which of all the facets of the game has always been the toughest to measure. teams can now rely on more than just the eye test to judge a player’s range, route efficiency and speed in the field. “knowing where the guys are when they start, that has always been something of a blind spot for defensive metrics,” sheehan said. “you know where the ball ends, but you don’t know how far the guy had to go to get to it. being able to pin that down has helped us to better start to evaluate defence.” in order to collect the data, statcast uses a series of high-resolution optical cameras and radar equipment installed in every major-league ballpark that track the precise location and movement of the ball and every player on the field. some teams have been open about how the new information has influenced their decision making.
the houston astros plucked collin mchugh off waivers a couple years ago in part because they liked the spin rate of his curveball, while the new york mets opted to go with lucas duda over ike davis at first base last year because of duda’s higher exit velocities on batted balls. “there are some questions that it opened up that we didn’t even think to ask before,” sheehan said. he wouldn’t elaborate any further for fear of divulging state secrets.
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the new information is also changing how fans watch and understand the game. exit velocity is increasingly becoming part of the average fan’s vernacular, and even used on scoreboards in some ballparks. currently web streams one statcast-infused game each week with real-time illustration of exit velocities, spin rate and all the other information. could some of those elements eventually be incorporated into regular broadcasts or even displayed in the ballpark? “i can certainly see that happening,” said mike petriello, an analyst for.com who focuses on statcast. while a pitch’s spin rate can be tough to wrap your head around without also understanding the relevant context, the exit velocity of a batted ball or the foot speed of an outfielder is immediately clear. the broadcast could show, for instance, how much more ground jays centre fielder kevin pillar typically covers than his counterpart on the opposing team or a potential replacement off the bench. petriello concedes it may seem like too much information for the average fan. but most of the information provided by statcast is more accessible than most advanced statistics. “you can’t go to a ball game and say, ‘oh, i saw half a win above replacement today,’ ” he said. “it doesn’t work that way. but you can go and say, ‘i saw yasiel puig throw a laser from right field and now i know it was 98 m.p.h. and that’s impressive to me.’ foot speed, distance covered, batted ball velocity it’s stuff you’ve always seen and it’s just putting numbers to that stuff.” for petriello, what comes next is even more interesting. could statcast, for example, one day be able to measure decision-making on the field? using strength of throw and a base-runner’s speed, could it determine whether an outfielder should have thrown straight home rather than hit the cut-off man for a relay? could it accurately rate a third-base coach’s decision to wave a runner homer? “while figuring out the answers to stuff you’ve always wanted to know is cool,” petriello says, “what’s even cooler is figuring out what the right next question is.” statcast the top-five tracked plays so far this season: best route efficiency carlos gonzalez 99.4 per cent the colorado rockies outfielder took the most efficient route over a distance of at least 90 feet this season, according to statcast, when he ran 105 feet with a near-perfect route to track down starlin castro’s fly ball on june 14. strongest throw aaron hicks 105.5 m.p.h. the yankees left fielder made the hardest throw in statcast history earlier this year when he gunned down oakland’s danny valancia who tried to tag from third on a sacrifice fly with a 105.5 m.p.h. rocket. fastest top speed billy hamilton 21.6 m.p.h. the cincinnati reds’ speedster scored from second on a passed ball against the cubs earlier this month, reaching a top speed of 21.6 m.p.h. on the basepaths. highest exit velocity home run mike trout 120.5 m.p.h. the marlins’ giancarlo stanton is in a league of his own in terms of the exit velocity of his batted balls, but the l.a. angels’ trout has the hardest-hit homer so far this season. trout’s april blast off kansas city reliever joakim soria wasn’t an especially long homer, but he sent it out on a rope at a speed of 120.5 m.p.h. highest spin rate trout’s teammate, right-hander garrett richards, threw a curveball in april that spun at a rate of 3,487 revolutions per minute the highest spin rate of any pitch tracked this season. he induced a weak groundout from austin jackson with the pitch. editor’s note: this story has been updated from a previous version that incorrectly stated that jays outfielder kevin pillar had the best route efficiency to a fly ball. thursday: a shorter schedule.
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haɪd pɑrk wɪl bi trænsˈfɔrmd ˈɪntu ə ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ˈdaɪmənd fər ə quick-fire*, ˈvərʒən əv ðə geɪm ˈnɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr sin ɪn ˈjʊrəp. ðə ˈmeɪʤər lig ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ˈteɪˌkoʊvər wɪl si stɑrz əv ðə geɪm teɪk tɪ ðə fild tɪ smæʃ ɛz ˈmɛni hoʊm rənz ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl əˈgɛnst ðə klɑk. ˈlɛʤəndz ˈkɑrloʊs, klɪf flɔɪd ənd ʃɔn grin wɪl bi əˈməŋ ðə bɪg ˈhɪtərz ɪn ðə ˈbɔstən rɛd sɑks vi lɑ ˈdɑʤərz rən derby”*”. grin, hu həz hɪt 328 hoʊm rənz ɪn hɪz kərɪr, wɪl pʊl ɔn ðə lɑ ˈdɑʤərz ˈʤərzi, waɪl ənd flɔɪd, hu hæv skɔrd 286 ənd 233 hoʊm rənz ɪn ðɛr kərɪrz rɪˈspɛktɪvli, wɪl pleɪ fər ðə ˈbɔstən rɛd sɑks. ðə ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃən fər ðə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 4 ˈbætəlˌgraʊndz ˈʃoʊˌdaʊn wɪl bɪˈgɪn ˈæftər ˈʤəstɪn ˈbibər ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz ðə meɪn steɪʤ fər ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈsəmər taɪm haɪd pɑrk ˈfɛstɪvəl tu deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr. kɪŋz əv liɑn ˈrɛzəˌmeɪ ðə ˈfɛstɪvəl əˈgɛn ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 6 flɔɪd, hu pleɪd fər ðə ˈbɔstən rɛd sɑks, nu jɔrk mɛts ənd ˈtæmpə beɪ reɪz, toʊld ðə ˈstændərd ɪt wʊd bi ““amazing”*” tɪ bi ə pɑrt əv ə geɪm wɪʧ ɪz ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ““grow”*” ɪn ðə uk*. ˈspikɪŋ frəm əˈmɛrɪkə hi sɛd: traɪɪŋ tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ɪz greɪt, ənd ðə geɪm əv ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ɪz greɪt, ənd tɪ bi ə pɑrt əv ðɪs ɪz əˈmeɪzɪŋ. ““intensity-wise*, gɪt ðə əˈdrɛnələn goʊɪŋ ʤɪst ɛz ɪf wi wər goʊɪŋ tɪ pleɪ ə ˈmeɪʤər lig ˈbeɪsˈbɔl game.”*.” hi ˈædɪd: ɪz ə greɪt ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪv tɪ ˈʤəmpˌstɑrt ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət həz bɪn lacking.”*.” ðə ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ˈteɪˌkoʊvər ɪz ðə ˈleɪtəst əˈtɛmpt baɪ əˈmɛrɪkən geɪmz ʧifs tɪ ˌɪmˈpɔrt spɔrts frəm ðə ˈjuˈɛs. ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, ˈbɪgəst stɑrz rɪˈtərnd tɪ ðə 02 ərˈinə fər ðə ˈsɛvənθ ˈrɛgjələr ˈsizən geɪm ɪn ˈləndən wɪn ðə ˌɪndiˈænə ˈpeɪsərz tʊk ɔn ðə ˈdɛnvər ˈnəgəts. ˈləndən wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ hoʊst fɔr ˈnæʃənəl ˈfʊtˌbɔl lig ˈmæʧɪz fər ðə fərst taɪm ðɪs jɪr. ˈləndən meɪər kɑn həz sɛd hi wɔnts tɪ meɪk ˈləndən ðə ˈspɔrtɪŋ ˈkæpɪtəl əv ðə world”*” ənd siz mɔr ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ənd ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl geɪmz ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ɛz pɑrt əv ðɪs ˈvɪʒən. ˈʧɑrli hɪl, ˈmænəʤɪŋ dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈjʊrəp, sɛd: ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ən ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ ˈsteɪtmənt əv ˌɪnˈtɛnt fər ˈmeɪʤər lig ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ɪn ˈjʊrəp. pɑrk ɪz ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt loʊˈkeɪʃən tɪ brɪŋ ə əv ɑr geɪm tɪ ˈləndən wɪθ tu əv ðə moʊst ˈpɑpjələr timz ɪn ðə spɔrt ðə rɛd sɑks ənd ðə ˈdɑʤərz sɛt tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə naɪt əv bɪg ˈhɪtɪŋ ɔn ðə meɪn stage.”*.” ðə fri ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ɪˈvɛnt wɪl rən frəm tɪ 10pm*. ðə spɔrt wɪl bi mɪkst wɪθ strit fud ənd ˈjuˈɛs mˈjuzɪk.
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hyde park will be transformed into a baseball diamond for a quick-fire, twenty20 cricket-style version of the game never before seen in europe.
the major league baseball takeover will see stars of the game take to the field to smash as many home runs as possible against the clock.
ex-pro mlb legends carlos peña, cliff floyd and shawn green will be among the big hitters in the boston red sox v la dodgers “home run derby”.
green, who has hit 328 home runs in his career, will pull on the la dodgers jersey, while peña and floyd, who have scored 286 and 233 home runs in their careers respectively, will play for the boston red sox.
the park’s transformation for the july 4 mlb battlegrounds showdown will begin after justin bieber headlines the main stage for the british summer time hyde park festival two days before. kings of leon resume the festival again on july 6.
floyd, who played for the boston red sox, new york mets and tampa bay rays, told the standard it would be “amazing” to be a part of a game which is helping baseball “grow” in the uk.
speaking from america he said: “they’re trying to establish something that is great, and the game of baseball is great, and to be a part of this is amazing.
“intensity-wise, get the adrenaline going just as if we were going to play a major league baseball game.”
he added: “this is a great initiative to jumpstart something that has been lacking.”
the baseball takeover is the latest attempt by american games chiefs to import sports from the us.
in january, basketball’s biggest stars returned to the 02 arena for the seventh regular season game in london when the indiana pacers took on the denver nuggets. london will also host four national football league matches for the first time this year.
london mayor sadiq khan has said he wants to make london the “undisputed sporting capital of the world” and sees more nba and nfl games in particular as part of this vision.
charlie hill, managing director of mlb europe, said: “this represents an exciting statement of intent for major league baseball in europe.
“hyde park is the perfect location to bring a flavour of our game to london with two of the most popular teams in the sport — the red sox and the dodgers — set to provide a night of big hitting on the main stage.”
the free baseball event will run from 5pm to 10pm. the sport will be mixed with street food and us music.
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ˌvɛˈraɪzən ɪz əˈbaʊt tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðə praɪs əv jʊr ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈdætə plæn, əˈsumɪŋ ju hæv hɛld ˈɔntu ɪt fər ɔl ðiz jɪrz. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈsɔrsəz əv ɑrz, jʊr ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈdætə plæn wɪl si ə ʤəmp ɪn praɪs əv 20 pər mənθ ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər, wɪʧ ɛˈsɛnʃəli meɪks ɪt pər mənθ ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ɪf ju ər stɪl ˈhæŋɪŋ ɔn tɪ ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈdætə, ɪkˈspɛkt ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃən frəm ˌvɛˈraɪzən ˈviə bɪl ˌɪnˈsərt ər ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃən æt səm pɔɪnt ðɪs mənθ (ɑkˈtoʊbər). dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn jʊr ˈkɑnˌtrækt ˈstætəs, ju ʃʊd ðɛn hæv 60 deɪz tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ əkˈsɛpt ðə ˌɪnˈkris ər ʧeɪnʤ tɪ əˈnəðər plæn. ɪf ju ɪn ə ˈkɑnˌtrækt, ðɛn jʊr 20 ˌɪnˈkris meɪ stɑrt ɛz ˈərli ɛz noʊˈvɛmbər 15 ənd ɪn keɪs ju wər ˈwəndərɪŋ, ˈkəstəmər əˈgrimənt dɪz ˌɪnˈdid seɪ ðət ðeɪ kən ˈpraɪsɪz ər ˈɛni ˈəðər tərm əv jʊr ˈsərvɪs ər ðɪs əˈgrimənt æt ˈɛni taɪm, bət prəˈvaɪd ˈnoʊtɪs fərst, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈrɪtən ˈnoʊtɪs ɪf ju hæv service.”*.” əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ æt list wən sɔrs, ðɪs nu praɪs haɪk dɪz hæv wən ˈædɪd ˈboʊnəs, wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈɔpʃən tɪ teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv dɪˈvaɪs ˌɪnˈstɔlmənt plæn wɪˈθaʊt ˈluzɪŋ jʊr ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈdætə. ðə aɪˈdiə hir ɪz ðət ɪf ju ər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ peɪ ðə ˈɛkstrə 20 pər mənθ ɔn jʊr ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈdætə plæn, ðət ju kən ðɛn ˈəpˈgreɪd ənd kip jʊr plæn. riʧ aʊt tɪ ˌvɛˈraɪzən fər ˈkɑmɛnt ənd ˈəpˌdeɪt ðɪs poʊst ɪf ðeɪ rɪˈspɑnd. ˈəpˌdeɪt: hir ɪz ˈsteɪtmənt. ɛz ˈdætə juz kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ groʊ, wi kənˈtɪnjuəsli ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt ðə praɪs əv ɑr plænz ənd ˈsərvɪs. ðɪs ʧeɪnʤ wɪl əˈlaʊ ˌvɛˈraɪzən tɪ kənˈtɪnju tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ðə haɪəst ˈnɛtˌwərk pərˈfɔrməns fər ɔl ɑr ˈkəstəmərz, waɪl stɪl prəˈvaɪdɪŋ greɪt ˈvælju fər ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə rɪˈlaɪəbəl ˈwaɪrlɪs ˈsərvɪs. ðət ˈvælju ɪz ˈəndərˌpɪnd baɪ ɑr 100 ˈbɪljən+ ˈnɛtˌwərk ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt sɪns 2000 wɪʧ paʊərz ðə riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti əv ə ˌvɛˈraɪzən ɪkˈspɪriəns. ju tɛl ˈjuˈɛs ɪz ə 20 ˌɪnˈkris ɪn jʊr ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈdætə plæn stɪl wərθ ɪt? ˈəpˌdeɪt 2 hir ər səm əˈdɪʃənəl ˈditeɪlz əˈbaʊt hu ɪt ˌɪmˈpækts ənd wɪn. ˈɛdət: lʊks laɪk ðə vərʤ wɑz ɪn ə fju ˈmɪnəts ˌbiˈfɔr ˈjuˈɛs.
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verizon is about to increase the price of your unlimited data plan, assuming you have held onto it for all these years. according to sources of ours, your unlimited data plan will see a jump in price of $20 per month in november, which essentially makes it $49.99 per month instead of $29.99.
if you areill hanging on to unlimited data, expect notification from verizon via bill insert or notification at some point this month (october). depending on your contractatus, you should then have 60 days to decide if you want to accept the increase or change to another plan. if you aren’t in a contract, then your $20 increase mayart as early as november 15. and in case you were wondering, verizon’s customer agreement does indeed say that they can “change prices or any other term of your service or this agreement at any time, but we’ll provide notice first, including written notice if you have postpay service.”
according to at least one source, this new price hike does have one added bonus, which is the option to take advantage of verizon’s device installment plan without losing your unlimited data. the idea here is that if you are willing to pay the extra $20 per month on your unlimited data plan, that you can then upgrade and keep your plan.
we’ll reach out to verizon for comment and update this post if they respond.
update: here is verizon’satement.
as data use continues to grow, we continuously evaluate the price of our plans and service. this change will allow verizon to continue to maintain the highest network performance for all our customers, whileill providing great value for access to the nation’s reliable wireless service. that value is underpinned by our $100 billion+ network investment since 2000, which powers the reliability of a verizon customer’s experience.
you tell us – is a $20 increase in your unlimited data planill worth it?
update 2: here are some additional details about who it impacts and when.
edit: looks like the verge was in a few minutes before us.
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ðə ˈkɑmədi ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt ʃoʊ wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfiʧər tim ˈkæptənz ˈrɪʧərd ˈɑsmən ənd ʤɑʃ widdicombe*. iʧ ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd ɪz bɪlt əraʊnd wən ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr neɪm ənd ðə ˈnumərəs ˈpipəl, pæst ənd ˈprɛzənt hu hæv ʃɛrd ɪt. ðə tu ˈpænəlz əv θri, iʧ kəmˈpoʊzd əv ˈkæptən pləs gɛst kəˈmidiən ənd hɪˈstɔriən, wɪl ˈbætəl ɪt aʊt tɪ ˈɑrgju ðət ðeɪ hæv faʊnd ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈoʊnər əv ðət neɪm. su ˈpərkɪnz sɪz: ˈhibru, ðə neɪm ˈsuzən minz 'ˈgreɪsfəl ˈlɪli' ɪn kmɛr ɪt minz 'gərl wɪθ ðə bæd pənz' ənd ɪn ˈeɪnʧənt ˈæzˌtɛk ɪt ˈtrænsˌleɪts ɛz 'ʃi wɪθ ðə hɛr ənd ˈdərti ˈglæsɪz'. ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈsuzən kænt weɪt tɪ gɪt stək ˈɪntu ə hoʊl hoʊst əv ˈdeɪvɪdz, ˈpitərz, ənd wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv ə mægˈnɪfɪsənt ˈrɪʧərd ənd ə ˈwəndərfəl ˈʤɑˌʃuə." kɪm ˈʃɪlɪŋˌlɔ, kənˈtroʊlər ˌbibiˈsi tu ənd ˌbibiˈsi fɔr, ædz: ki ənd ˈoʊnli kəˈnɛkt tɪ ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈʧælənʤ ənd mɑk ðə wik, ˌbibiˈsi tu həz sɪˈmɛntɪd ə juˈnik ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən fər ˈklɛvər kˈwɪzɪz laɪk noʊ ˈəðər ˈʧænəl ənd θrɪld ðət ˌɪnˈsərt neɪm hir ɪz ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ɑr ˈlaɪˌnəp. wɪθ ðə tərˈɪfɪk su ˈpərkɪnz æt ðə hɛlm əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðə fænˈtæstɪk ʤɑʃ ənd ˈrɪʧərd ju æsk fər ˈbɛtər ˈkəmpəˌni ənd ðɪs ʃoʊ ˈprɑməsəz tɪ bi boʊθ ˌɛnərˈteɪnɪŋ ənd enlightening.”*.” ˈælən ˈtaɪlər, ˈæktɪŋ kənˈtroʊlər. ˌbibiˈsi ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt kəˈmɪʃənɪŋ, sɪz: neɪm hir həz ən ˈɛnviəbəl ˈlaɪˌnəp ɪn su, ʤɑʃ ənd ˈrɪʧərd. ðə ˈpaɪlət ˈbrɪljəntli kəmˈbaɪnd ˈhjumər ənd ˈhɪstəri tɪ ˈsəmˌhaʊ muv frəm ʤɔrʤ tɪ ʤɔrʤ ˈkluni ˈviə ʤɔrʤ ˈmaɪkəl ənd ʤɔrʤ ˈbərnhɑrd ʃɔ. aɪ stɪl noʊ haʊ ɪt dɪd ðət bət aɪ du noʊ ðət ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ siɪŋ ˈgroʊˌnəp, ˌɪnˈtɛləʤənt, ˈfəni ˈpipəl ˈhərlɪŋ neɪmz æt iʧ ˈəðər." ðə kəˈmɪʃən ˈfɑloʊz ə səkˈsɛsfəl ˈpaɪlət ˈərliər ðɪs jɪr. ɪt wɪl bi baɪ 12 jɑrd pərˈdəkʃənz ənd blæk dɔg ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən. ˈmɑrgərɪt æn ˈdɔrti ɪz ðə ˈsɪriz prəˈdusər ənd ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv prəˈdusər ɪz pɔl məˈgɛtəgən. ɪt wɑz kəˈmɪʃənd baɪ kɪm ˈʃɪlɪŋˌlɔ, kənˈtroʊlər ˌbibiˈsi tu ənd fɔr ənd ˈælən ˈtaɪlər, ˈæktɪŋ kənˈtroʊlər ˌbibiˈsi ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt kəˈmɪʃənɪŋ. ɛm
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the six-part comedy entertainment show will also feature team captains richard osman and josh widdicombe. each episode is built around one particular name and the numerous people, past and present who have shared it. the two panels of three, each composed of captain plus guest comedian and historian, will battle it out to argue that they have found the greatest owner of that name.
sue perkins says: ”in hebrew, the name susan means 'graceful lily' - in khmer it means 'girl with the bad puns' and in ancient aztec it translates as 'she with the cockerel hair and dirty glasses'. this particular susan can't wait to get stuck into a whole host of davids, peters, jonathans and gertrudes - with the help of a magnificent richard and a wonderful joshua."
kim shillinglaw, controller bbc two and bbc four, adds: “from qi and only connect to university challenge and mock the week, bbc two has cemented a unique reputation for clever quizzes like no other channel and i’m thrilled that insert name here is joining our line-up. with the terrific sue perkins at the helm alongside the fantastic josh and richard you couldn’t ask for better company and this show promises to be both entertaining and enlightening.”
alan tyler, acting controller. bbc entertainment commissioning, says: “insert name here has an enviable a-list line-up in sue, josh and richard. the pilot brilliantly combined humour and history to somehow move from st george to george clooney via george michael and george bernhard shaw. i still know how it did that but i do know that i’m looking forward to seeing grown-up, intelligent, funny people hurling names at each other."
the commission follows a successful pilot earlier this year. it will be co-produced by 12 yard productions and black dog television. margaret anne doherty is the series producer and executive producer is paul mcgettigan. it was commissioned by kim shillinglaw, controller bbc two and four and alan tyler, acting controller bbc entertainment commissioning.
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faɪl- ɪn ðɪs ˌʤuˈlaɪ 6 2017 faɪl ˈfoʊˌtoʊ, ˈfɔrmər ˈʃɛrɪf ʤoʊ livz ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈkɔrˌthaʊs ɪn ˈfinɪks, ariz*. ə ˈfɛdərəl ˈlɔˌsut sɛt tɪ goʊ tɪ traɪəl dɛk. 2017 mɑrks ðə ˈleɪtəst ɪn ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈligəl ˈækʃənz brɔt əˈgɛnst beɪst ɔn ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ðət hi pərˈsud ə ˈkrɪmənəl keɪs tɪ gɪt pəˈblɪsɪti ənd ɪmˈbɛrəs ən ˈædvərˌsɛri. ðə ˈlɔˌsut wɑz faɪld baɪ wən əv sɛn. ʤɛf sənz, hu əˈlɛʤɪz pərˈsud ˈfɛləni ˈænəməl ˈkruəlti ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst ɪm ənd hɪz ɪn ə bɪd tɪ du pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈdæmɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈsɛnətər ənd ˈgɑrnər pəˈblɪsɪti fər ðə ˈlɔmən. (ˌeɪˈpi wæŋ, faɪl) ˈfinɪks (ˌeɪˈpi) ə ˈfɛdərəl ˈlɔˌsut sɛt tɪ goʊ tɪ traɪəl nɛkst mənθ mɑrks ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈligəl ˈækʃən brɔt əˈgɛnst ˈfɔrmər ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə ˈʃɛrɪf ʤoʊ ˈoʊvər ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ðət hi pərˈsud ə ˈkrɪmənəl keɪs tɪ gɪt pəˈblɪsɪti ənd ɪmˈbɛrəs ən ˈædvərˌsɛri. ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈpoʊnənt ɪn ðɪs keɪs: juz. sɛn. ʤɛf fleɪk. wən əv sənz faɪld ə ˈlɔˌsut, seɪɪŋ pərˈsud ˈfɛləni ˈænəməl ˈkruəlti ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst ɪm ənd hɪz ɪn ə bɪd tɪ du pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈdæmɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈsɛnətər ənd geɪn pəˈblɪsɪti. ˈɔstən fleɪk ənd hɪz waɪf wər ʧɑrʤd ɪn ðə dɛθs əv 21 dɔgz ɪn ʤun 2014 æt ə ˈkɛnəl ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd baɪ hɪz ˌɪnˈlɔz. ðə fleɪks wər ˈwɑʧɪŋ ðə dɔgz wɪn ðə ˌɪnˈlɔz wər aʊt əv taʊn. ðə dɔgz daɪd wɪn ən ɛr kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ ˈjunɪt feɪld ɪn ə smɔl rum wɛr ðə ˈænəməlz spɛnt ðə naɪt. ðə keɪs əˈgɛnst ðə fleɪks wɑz dɪsˈmɪst æt ðə rɪkˈwɛst əv ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz, ənd ðə ˈoʊnərz əv ðə ˈkɛnəl ˈplidɪd ˈgɪlti tɪ ˈænəməl ˈkruəlti ˈʧɑrʤɪz ˈæftər ən ˈɛkspərt dɪˈtərmənd ðə ɛr kənˈdɪʃənər feɪld bɪˈkəz ðə ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz ˈprɑpərli meɪnˈteɪn ɪt. ðə ˈlɔˌsut, wɪʧ ɪz ˈskɛʤʊld fər traɪəl ɔn dɛk. 5 əˈlɛʤɪz ðət wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛnt ɔn ˈlɪŋkɪŋ ðə fleɪks tɪ ðə dɛθs, goʊɪŋ soʊ fɑr ɛz tɪ ˈkɑndəkt sərˈveɪləns ɔn ðə hoʊm. ðə sut ˈɔlsoʊ sɪz ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz ɪgˈzæmənd foʊn ˈrɛkərdz tɪ si ɪf ðə ˈjəŋgər fleɪk kɔld hɪz ˈfɑðər ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə taɪm hi wɑz ˈwɑʧɪŋ ðə dɔgz. ˈlɔjərz fər ˈɔstən fleɪk ənd hɪz hæv sɛd ðə ˈsɛnətər dɪsəˈgrid wɪθ ˈoʊvər ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ənd wɑz ˈkrɪtɪkəl əv ðə ˈmuvmənt kˈwɛsʧənɪŋ ðə ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti əv ˈbɑrək bərθ sərˈtɪfɪkət. ɪn ə ˌdɛpəˈzɪʃən, əkˈsɛpt riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst ðə ˈkəpəl ənd wɑz əˈneɪbəl tɪ saɪt ˈɛni ˈɛvədəns tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz. bət hi stɪl ɪkˈsprɛst ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪn hɪz ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz. æm goʊɪŋ baɪ wət maɪ dɪˈtɛktɪvz əˈkɑmplɪʃt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɛr investigation,”*,” sɛd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2016 ˌdɛpəˈzɪʃən. hæd ðə nəts ənd boʊlts ɔˈrɛdi. aɪ dɪˈfɛnd maɪ ˈpipəl. aɪ hæv ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪn ðɛm. aɪ hæv tɪ noʊ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ goʊɪŋ on.”*.” ənd ˈʤɛfri ˈlɛnərd, ən əˈtərni ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ ˌmɑrɪˈkoʊpə ˈkaʊnti ənd ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈʃɛrɪf, dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə keɪs. ˈstivən mɑnˈtɔɪə, ən əˈtərni fər ˈɔstən fleɪk ənd hɪz ˈfɔrmər waɪf, ˈloʊgən braʊn, sɛd ðə ˈɔfəs hæv ˈɛvədəns ʃoʊɪŋ hɪz klaɪənts ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ hərt ðə dɔgz, jɛt stɪl ʧɑrʤd ðɛm wɪθ kraɪmz ðət ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪd ðɛm ənd kənˈtrɪbjutɪd tɪ ðə dɪˈmaɪz əv ðɛr ˈmɛrɪʤ. splæʃt ðɛr neɪmz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɛz ðə ˈmərdərərz əv 21 dɔgz. ɪt ˈrɪli ˈrævɪʤd ðɛm emotionally,”*,” mɑnˈtɔɪə sɛd, ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðət ˈɔstən fleɪk wɑz 21 ənd hɪz waɪf wɑz 20 æt ðə taɪm. ə ˈrulɪŋ ɪn ˈɔgəst baɪ juz. ˈdɪstrɪkt ʤəʤ nil weɪk dɪsˈmɪst ə ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən ˌæləˈgeɪʃən frəm ðə ˈlɔˌsut bət dɪˈtərmənd ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz hæv ˈprɑbəbəl kɔz tɪ ʧɑrʤ ðə ˈkəpəl. kʊd ðəs ˈrizənəbli faɪnd ðət ðə ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ʧɑrʤd ðə fleɪks beɪst ɔn ˈprɛʃər frəm arpaio,”*,” weɪk roʊt. ðə ˈprɑsɪˌkjutər hu brɔt ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz sɛd ɪn ə kɔrt ˈfaɪlɪŋ ðət ʃi ˈprɛʃərd baɪ ˈɔfəs tɪ ˈprɑsəˌkjut ðə ˈkəpəl ənd ðət ðə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˈprɛzənt ðə keɪs tɪ ə grænd ˈʤʊri wɑz meɪd baɪ hər ənd hər ˌsupərˈvaɪzərz. ðə ˌmɑrɪˈkoʊpə ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs neɪmd ɛz ə ˈpɑrti ɪn ðə ˈlɔˌsut. ðə ˈlɔˌsut ˈspɛsəˌfaɪ haʊ məʧ ˈməni ðə ˈjəŋgər fleɪk ənd hɪz ˈɛksˈwaɪf ər ˈsikɪŋ. bət ðeɪ ˈpriviəsli sɔt 4 ˈmɪljən ɪn ə ˈnoʊtɪs əv kleɪm ə priˈkərsər tɪ ə ˈlɔˌsut. ɪt ðə fərst taɪm həz bɪn əˈkjuzd əv əp ˈʧɑrʤɪz ɪn ən ˈænəməl ˈkruəlti keɪs. hi lɔnʧt ən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən əˈgɛnst ə pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsər frəm ðə ˈfinɪks ˈsəbərb əv ˈʧændlər ˈoʊvər ə 2007 dɛθ əv ə pəˈlis dɔg ðət wɑz lɛft ɪn ə hɑt ˈviɪkəl fər 12 aʊərz ɪn ˈblɪstərɪŋ ˈsəmər hit. ðə ˈɔfɪsər wɑz ʧɑrʤd wɪθ ˈænəməl əˈbjuz bət ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli əkˈwɪtɪd. hi faɪld ə ˈlɔˌsut əˈlɛʤɪŋ brɔt ðə ˈkrɪmənəl keɪs soʊ ðə ˈʃɛrɪf kʊd ˌɛkˈsplɔɪt ðə pəˈblɪsɪti. ˈtækˌspeɪərz peɪd tɪ ðə ˈɔfɪsər tɪ ˈsɛtəl ðə keɪs. ˈfɑloʊ ʤæk æt twitter.com/jacquesbilleaud*. hɪz wərk kən bi faʊnd æt
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file- in this july 6, 2017, file photo, former sheriff joe arpaio leaves the federal courthouse in phoenix, ariz. a federal lawsuit set to go to trial dec. 2017, marks the latest in a series of legal actions brought against arpaio based on allegations that he pursued a trumped-up criminal case to get publicity and embarrass an adversary. the malicious-prosecution lawsuit was filed by one of sen. jeff flake’s sons, who alleges arpaio pursued felony animal cruelty charges against him and his then-wife in a bid to do political damage to the senator and garner publicity for the lawman. (ap photo/angie wang, file)
phoenix (ap) a federal lawsuit set to go to trial next month marks the latest legal action brought against former arizona sheriff joe arpaio over allegations that he pursued a trumped-up criminal case to get publicity and embarrass an adversary.
the political opponent in this case: u.s. sen. jeff flake.
one of flake’s sons filed a malicious-prosecution lawsuit, saying arpaio pursued felony animal cruelty charges against him and his then-wife in a bid to do political damage to the senator and gain publicity.
austin flake and his wife were charged in the heat-exhaustion deaths of 21 dogs in june 2014 at a kennel operated by his in-laws. the flakes were watching the dogs when the in-laws were out of town.
the dogs died when an air conditioning unit failed in a small room where the animals spent the night.
the case against the flakes was dismissed at the request of prosecutors, and the owners of the kennel pleaded guilty to animal cruelty charges after an expert determined the air conditioner failed because the operators didn’t properly maintain it.
the lawsuit, which is scheduled for trial on dec. 5, alleges that arpaio was intent on linking the flakes to the deaths, going so far as to conduct surveillance on the senator’s home. the suit also says arpaio’s investigators examined phone records to see if the younger flake called his father during the time he was watching the dogs.
lawyers for austin flake and his then-wife have said the senator disagreed with arpaio over immigration and was critical of the movement questioning the authenticity of then-president barack obama’s birth certificate.
in a deposition, arpaio didn’t accept responsibility for bringing the charges against the couple and was unable to cite any evidence to support the allegations. but he still expressed confidence in his investigators.
“i am going by what my detectives accomplished during their investigation,” arpaio said during the july 2016 deposition. “they had the nuts and bolts already. i defend my people. i have confidence in them. i don’t have to know everything that’s going on.”
arpaio and jeffrey leonard, an attorney representing maricopa county and the former sheriff, declined to comment on the case.
stephen montoya, an attorney for austin flake and his former wife, logan brown, said the sheriff’s office didn’t have evidence showing his clients intended to hurt the dogs, yet still charged them with crimes that devastated them and contributed to the demise of their marriage.
“it splashed their names across the internet as the murderers of 21 dogs. it really ravaged them emotionally,” montoya said, noting that austin flake was 21 and his wife was 20 at the time.
a ruling in august by u.s. district judge neil wake dismissed a defamation allegation from the lawsuit but determined investigators didn’t have probable cause to charge the couple.
“a factfinder could thus reasonably find that the prosecutors initially charged the flakes based on pressure from arpaio,” wake wrote.
the prosecutor who brought the allegations said in a court filing that she wasn’t pressured by arpaio’s office to prosecute the couple and that the decision to present the case to a grand jury was made by her and her supervisors. the maricopa county attorney’s office isn’t named as a party in the lawsuit.
the lawsuit doesn’t specify how much money the younger flake and his ex-wife are seeking. but they previously sought $4 million in a notice of claim a precursor to a lawsuit.
it isn’t the first time arpaio has been accused of trumping up charges in an animal cruelty case.
he launched an investigation against a police officer from the phoenix suburb of chandler over a 2007 death of a police dog that was left in a hot vehicle for 12 hours in blistering summer heat.
the officer was charged with animal abuse but eventually acquitted. he filed a lawsuit alleging arpaio brought the criminal case so the sheriff could exploit the publicity.
taxpayers paid $775,000 to the officer to settle the case.
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follow jacques billeaud at twitter.com/jacquesbilleaud. his work can be found at https://www.apnews.com/search/jacques%20billeaud .
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ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə ˈpeɪʃənz tɪ ˈræli æt ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪriəsli ɪl ˈpeɪʃənz ənd ðɛr ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz wɪl ˈgæðər ˈmənˌdeɪ æt p.m*. ɪn ðə meɪn roʊˈtəndə əv ðə steɪt ˈkæpɪtəl ˈbɪldɪŋ, əˈʤeɪsənt tɪ ðə ˈweɪtɪŋ room,”*,” ə sɪmˈbɑlɪk ˈɔfəs kənˈstrəktɪd baɪ ˈpeɪʃənz ənd ðɛr ˈfæməliz tɪ brɪŋ əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv dɪˈleɪz ɪn əˈpruvɪŋ s.b*. 3 ðə kəmˈpæʃənət juz əv ˈkænəbəs ækt; ˈpeɪʃənz ənd ˈkɛrˌgɪvərz wɪl dɪˈskəs wət ðeɪ ər ɪnˈdʊrɪŋ ɛz ðeɪ weɪt fər ðə haʊs tɪ ʤɔɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt ɪn əˈdɑptɪŋ ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ˈhɛrɪsbərg, pɑ ə grup əv ˈsɪriəsli ɪl ˈpeɪʃənz ənd ðɛr ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz wɪl hoʊld ə prɛs ˈkɑnfərəns ənd ˈræli ˈmənˌdeɪ ɪn səˈpɔrt əv ˈɛndɪŋ ðə weɪt fər ˈligəl ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈkænəbəs. sɪns ˈərli noʊˈvɛmbər, ˈpeɪʃənz ənd ðɛr ˈkɛrˌgɪvərz hæv spɛnt ðɛr deɪz ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl roʊˈtəndə ɪn ðə ˈweɪtɪŋ room,”*,” ə ˈsɪmjəˌleɪtɪd ˈɔfəs, ɛz ə weɪ tɪ brɪŋ əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv dɪˈleɪz. ðə prɛs ˈkɑnfərəns wɪl teɪk pleɪs əˈʤeɪsənt tɪ ðə ˈweɪtɪŋ rum æt p.m*., ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ˈpeɪʃənz ðə rum tɪ ɪkˈsprɛs ðɛr frəˈstreɪʃən wɪθ ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz. ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz frəm kæmˈpeɪn fər kəmˈpæʃən wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl fər ˈɪntərvˌjuz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə ɪˈvɛnt. ˈɑrtɪkəl kənˈtɪnjuz ˈæftər æd ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ðə ˈsɛnɪt əˈpruvd ˈsɛnɪt bɪl 3 ə ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈkænəbəs bɪl, ɔn meɪ 12 2015 beɪst ɔn ˈkɑmɛnts meɪd baɪ əˈfɪʃəlz, səˈpɔrtərz hɛld aʊt hoʊp ðə bɪl wʊd bi əˈpruvd æt ðə ɛnd əv ˈsəmər, ðɛn ɪn ðə fɔl, ðɛn baɪ ðə ɛnd əv 2015 ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ə voʊt stɪl həz nɑt bɪn ˈskɛʤʊld, ənd ðə bɪl naʊ həz ˈɔlˌmoʊst 200 əˈmɛndmənts faɪld. ɛnd əv ðə jɪr həz kəm ənd gɔn, ənd ɑr ˈpeɪʃənz ər noʊ ˈkloʊzər tɪ relief,”*,” sɛd luk ʃʊlts, ə ˈrɛzɪdənt hu ˈsəfərz frəm ˈkrɑnɪk peɪn. bɪn eɪt mənθs sɪns ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈkænəbəs bɪl pæst, ənd stɪl ˈweɪtɪŋ ɔn ðə haʊs tɪ voʊt ɔn ə ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv bɪl. wi wɔnt ðɛm tɪ noʊ ðət ɪt ɪz ˌənækˈsɛptəbəl tɪ əˈlaʊ ɑr ˈfæməliz tɪ kənˈtɪnju ˈsəfərɪŋ. ðə taɪm tɪ ækt ɪz now.”*.” tægz: 2016 ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən
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pennsylvania medical marijuana patients to rally at capitol seriously ill patients and their family members will gather monday at 2:30 p.m. in the main rotunda of the state capitol building, adjacent to the “still waiting room,” a symbolic doctor’s office constructed by patients and their families to bring attention to legislative delays in approving s.b. 3, the compassionate use of cannabis act; patients and caregivers will discuss what they are enduring as they wait for the house to join the senate in adopting medical marijuana legislation
harrisburg, pa — a group of seriously ill patients and their family members will hold a press conference and rally monday in support of ending the wait for legal access to medical cannabis.
since early november, patients and their caregivers have spent their days in the capitol rotunda in the “still waiting room,” a simulated doctor’s office, as a way to bring attention to legislative delays.
the press conference will take place adjacent to the waiting room at 2:30 p.m., followed by patients deconstructing the room to express their frustration with lawmakers. representatives from campaign for compassion will be available for interviews following the event.
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the senate approved senate bill 3, a comprehensive medical cannabis bill, on may 12, 2015. based on comments made by officials, supporters held out hope the bill would be approved at the end of summer, then in the fall, then by the end of 2015.
however, a vote still has not been scheduled, and the bill now has almost 200 amendments filed.
“the end of the year has come and gone, and our patients are no closer to relief,” said luke shultz, a bernville resident who suffers from chronic pain. “it’s been eight months since the senate medical cannabis bill passed, and we’re still waiting on the house to vote on a comprehensive bill. we want them to know that it is unacceptable to allow our families to continue suffering. the time to act is now.”
tags: 2016 legislation
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nextstl* həz ˈlərnɪd ðə ˈhaɪli ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ˈsɛkənd feɪz əv ˌridɪˈvɛləpmənt æt ˈjunjən ˈsteɪʃən wɪl ˈfiʧər ə 70 ˈmɪljən əmˈjuzmənt pɑrk əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈvɛriɪŋ ˈriˌteɪl ˈaʊˌtlɛts. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈdɑkjəmənts əbˈteɪnd baɪ, ˈjunjən ˈsteɪʃən ˈoʊnər ˈlɑʤɪŋ ˌhɑspəˈtæləti ˈmænɪʤmənt (lhm*) ɪz rɪkˈwɛstɪŋ ˈmɪljən ɪn ˈməni tɪ əˈsɪst ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt. bɪˈlivz ðə əmˈjuzmənt pɑrk kʊd drɔ əˈprɑksəmətli wən ˈmɪljən ˈvɪzɪtərz ˈænjuəli. ðə ˈsɛkənd feɪz əv ðə 120 ˈmɪljən ˈjunjən ˈsteɪʃən ˌridɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ kriˈeɪt 350 nu fʊl ənd ˈpɑrtˈtaɪm ʤɑbz. ðə əmˈjuzmənt pɑrk wɪl ˈkəvər 26 ˈeɪkərz ənd ˌɪnˈklud ə ˈfɛrɪs wil ənd ˈəðər raɪdz, ˈrɛˌstrɑnts, ənd lɪv ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt. ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt ɪz biɪŋ ˈfaɪˌnænst baɪ ˈɛnərˌpraɪz bæŋk ənd trəst. ˈkɔrpərˈeɪʃən. ɪz ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈkɑnˌtræktər ənd ˈlɔrəns grup ɪz ˈɑrkəˌtɛkt. {ˈlʊkɪŋ ist ɔn ˌjuˈʤiniə strit təˈwɔrd ðə treɪn ʃɛd ˈɪmɪʤ baɪ pɔl} ðə 50 ˈmɪljən feɪz wən ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˌrɛnəˈveɪʃən əv ðə hɪˈstɔrɪk grænd hɔl, wɪʧ ˈɔlsoʊ sərvz ɛz ðə ˈlɑbi fər ðə st*. luɪs ˈjunjən ˈsteɪʃən hoʊˈtɛl. ðə grænd hɔl, wɪθ ɪts sˈwipɪŋ ˈɑrʧˌweɪ, ˈfrɛskoʊ ənd goʊld lif dɪˈteɪlɪŋ, moʊˈzeɪɪks ənd ɑrt glæs ˈwɪndoʊz, stændz 65 fit æt ɪts ˈtɔlɪst pɔɪnt. {ðə ˌɪˈmækjələtli ˈrɛnəˌveɪtɪd grænd hɔl ɪz hoʊm tɪ ə ˈleɪzər laɪt ʃoʊ ˈɪmɪʤ baɪ pɔl} ðə ˈsɛkənd feɪz wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈklud hɪˈstɔrɪk ˌriəˌbɪləˈteɪʃən. ˌɪnˈtɛndz tɪ ˈrɛnəˌveɪt ðə treɪn ˈdipoʊ ʃɛd. ˈnoʊtɪd ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr ʤɔrʤ eɪʧ. ˈpɛˌgræm dɪˈzaɪnd ðə ɪˈnɔrmɪs treɪn ʃɛd. ɪt wɑz nɑt ˈoʊnli wən əv ðə ˈlɑrʤəst treɪn ʃɛdz ˈɛvər bɪlt, bət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkəvərd ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈnəmbər əv træks æt ðə taɪm ɪt wɑz kənˈstrəktɪd. ˈərliər ðɪs jɪr, əˈnaʊnst ən ɪkˈskərʒən treɪn bɪld ɛz ðə ˈpoʊlər ɪkˈsprɛs, beɪst ɔn ðə ˈpɑpjələr bʊk, wʊd dɪˈpɑrt ˈjunjən ˈsteɪʃən. ðə treɪn raɪdz bɪˈgɪn noʊˈvɛmbər 22 ðə aɪˈdiə həz pruvd tɪ bi ˈpɑpjələr. læst mənθ, hæf ə ˈdəzən əˈdɪʃənəl deɪts wər ˈædɪd tɪ ðə ˈkæləndər. {ˌɪˈmæʤənɪŋ haʊ ə ˈfɛrɪs wil æt ˈjunjən ˈsteɪʃən maɪt əˈpɪr} əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈdɑkjəmənts, ɪkˈspɛkts ðə ˈsɛkənd feɪz əv ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt wɪl əˈlaʊ ðə ˈsɪti tɪ ˈmæksəˌmaɪz ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl əv pərˈdəktɪv ˈprɑpərtiz ɪn ðɪs ˈpɔrʃən əv ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn. kleɪmz ˈpɑrkɪŋ ənd ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ˌɪmˈpruvmənts wɪl ɔgˈmɛnt ˈprɑpərtiz kloʊz baɪ ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə juz. poʊst ˈɔfəs, ˈsɛnər, ənd ˈpiˌbɑdi ˈɑprə haʊs. ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 2012 ˈpərʧəst ðə ˈnɪrli ˈveɪkənt ˈprɑpərti fər 20 ˈmɪljən. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈtɛndz tɪ ˈjutəˌlaɪz ˈfɛdərəl hɪˈstɔrɪk ˌprɛzərˈveɪʃən ənd məˈzʊri hɪˈstɔrɪk tæks ˈkrɛdɪts əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈbraʊnˌfild tæks ˈkrɛdɪts ɔn ðə ˈsɛkənd feɪz əv ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt. mɔr ðən 28 ˈmɪljən ɪn ˈsəbsɪdiz ˈtoʊtəl tɪ riˈvæmp ðə ˈnæʃənəl hɪˈstɔrɪk ˈlændˌmɑrk ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn ˈæŋkər. ən əˈtɛmpt tɪ riʧ fər ˈkɑmɛnt wɑz ˌənsəkˈsɛsfəl. ðə nɛkst ˈskɛʤʊld st*. luɪs bɔrd əv ˈɔldərmən ˈmitɪŋ rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðɪs ˈprɑʤɛkt ɪz ɔn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 7 2015 æt 8am*. wɪl ˈəpˌdeɪt ɛz nu ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən bɪˈkəmz əˈveɪləbəl. {ðə treɪn ʃɛd həz bɪn ˈpɑrʃəli dɪˈvɛləpt ˈɪntu ə hoʊˈtɛl, ˈrɛˌstrɑnts, ənd ˈriˌteɪl ʃɑps ˈɪmɪʤ baɪ pɔl} {ə smɔl pɑnd wɪθ boʊt ˈrɛntəlz ənd əˈʤeɪsənt ˈrɛˌstrɑnts fɪlz pɑrt əv ðə ʃɛd ˈɪmɪʤ baɪ pɔl} {ə vju əv ðə ʃɛd ˈlʊkɪŋ nɔrθ əˈkrɔs ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈpɑrkɪŋ lɔt} *tɔp ˈɪmɪʤ baɪ pɔl ɔn ˈflɪkər
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nextstl has learned the highly anticipated second phase of redevelopment at union station will feature a $70 million amusement park along with varying retail outlets. according to documents obtained by nextstl, union station owner lodging hospitality management (lhm) is requesting $18.5 million in tif money to assist the project.
lhm believes the amusement park could draw approximately one million visitors annually. the second phase of the $120 million union station redevelopment is expected to create 350 new full and part-time jobs.
the amusement park will cover 26 acres and include a ferris wheel and other rides, restaurants, and live entertainment. the project is being financed by enterprise bank and trust. paric corp. is the general contractor and lawrence group is architect.
{looking east on eugenia street toward the train shed – image by paul sableman}
the $50 million phase one included renovation of the historic grand hall, which also serves as the lobby for the st. louis union station hotel. the grand hall, with its sweeping archway, fresco and gold leaf detailing, mosaics and art glass windows, stands 65 feet at its tallest point.
{the immaculately renovated grand hall is home to a laser light show – image by paul sableman}
the second phase will also include historic rehabilitation. lhm intends to renovate the 11.5-acre train depot shed. noted engineer george h. pegram designed the enormous single-span train shed. it was not only one of the largest train sheds ever built, but it also covered the greatest number of tracks at the time it was constructed.
earlier this year, lhm announced an excursion train billed as the polar express, based on the popular children’s book, would depart union station. the train rides begin november 22. the idea has proved to be popular. last month, half a dozen additional dates were added to the calendar.
{imagining how a ferris wheel at union station might appear}
according to the documents, lhm expects the second phase of the development will allow the city to maximize the potential of productive properties in this portion of downtown. lhm claims parking and infrastructure improvements will augment properties close by including the u.s. post office, scottrade center, and peabody opera house.
in october 2012, lhm purchased the nearly vacant property for $20 million. the company also intends to utilize federal historic preservation and missouri historic tax credits along with brownfield tax credits on the second phase of the project. more than $28 million in subsidies total to revamp the national historic landmark downtown anchor.
an attempt to reach lhm for comment was unsuccessful. the next scheduled st. louis board of alderman meeting regarding this project is on january 7, 2015 at 8am. nextstl will update as new information becomes available.
{the train shed has been partially developed into a hotel, restaurants, and retail shops – image by paul sableman}
{a small pond with boat rentals and adjacent restaurants fills part of the shed – image by paul sableman}
{a view of the shed looking north across the existing parking lot}
*top image by paul sableman – pasa47 on flickr
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wɪn frɛd lɑˈloʊndi fərst saɪnd əp tɪ ˌvɑlənˈtɪr æt ɪnʧ pɑrk ərˈinə ɪn 1964 hi ˈnɛvər drimd ðət 50 jɪrz ˈleɪtər, hi wʊd stɪl bi ˌvɔlənˈtɪrɪŋ ɪn ˈhæməltən ˈʤunjər ˈhɑki. "ɪt ˈnɛvər ˈɛnərd maɪ maɪnd," lɑˈloʊndi sɪz. "aɪ ˈnɛvər ˈivɪn θɔt əv ɪt." jɛt ɔn ə koʊld ˈfɛbruˌɛri naɪt ɪn 2015 ɛz ðə ˈævəˌlænʧ kɪk ɔf ðɛr pleɪɔf ˈsɪriz əˈgɛnst ðə naɪˈægrə fɔlz ˈkeɪnəks, ə frɛd lɑˈloʊndi ɪz ðɛr ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈtɪkɪts ənd duɪŋ hɪz pɑrt tɪ hɛlp ˈloʊkəl ˈhɑki səkˈsid ɪn hɪz kəmˈjunɪti. "aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ fər ðə kɪdz," hi sɪz. "aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd ənd ʤɪst kɛpt goʊɪŋ, ənd goʊɪŋ, ənd goʊɪŋ." ðə ˈsizən mɑrks ˈsizən ɛz ə ˌvɑlənˈtɪr ɪn ˈhæməltən ˈhɑki. hɪz kərɪr, wɪʧ həz sin ɪm wərk ˈθaʊzənz əv geɪmz fər ˈsɛvərəl ˈdɪfərənt timz, ˈstɑrtɪd wɪθ ə ˈʃəvəl ənd ən ˈərli ˈweɪˌkəp kɔl. "aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd aʊt wɪn maɪ wər pleɪɪŋ æt ɪnʧ pɑrk. aɪ wɑz ə ˌvɑlənˈtɪr wɪθ ðə ˈpiˌwi dɪˈvɪʒən. aɪ hæd tɪ goʊ ˈoʊvər ðɛr ənd ˈʃəvəl snoʊ ɔf ðə aɪs æt 5 ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ ˈstɑrtɪd æt 6 ɪn ðə 50 jɪrz sɪns, hiz wərkt wɪθ eɪt ˈdɪfərənt ˈʤunjər ˈhɑki timz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ hɪz ˈkɑrənt roʊlz ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈtɪkɪts fər ðə jr*. bi ˈævəˌlænʧ ənd jr*. ə ˈhæməltən rɛd wɪŋz. lɑˈloʊndi sɪz hi gɪts ɔl ðə peɪ hi nidz ɪn noʊɪŋ hi hæd ə pɑrt ɪn ˈhɛlpɪŋ kɪdz riʧ ðə nɛkst ˈlɛvəl. "aɪ doʊnt æsk fər ˈməni. aɪ ˈnɛvər hæv ɪn 50 jɪrz. wɪn aɪ hir ðət ə kɪd meɪd ɪt ˈsəmˌwɛr bɪg, aɪ fil ʤɪst ɛz gʊd ɛz hi dɪz, bɪˈkəz aɪ noʊ aɪ dɪd ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ hɛlp gɪt ɪm ðɛr." waɪl lɑˈloʊndi wɑz ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈstoʊni krik ˈwɔrjərz ɪn 2011 wən əv ðoʊz pleɪərz rɪˈtərnd tɪ wərk ɪn ˈʤunjər ˈhɑki, kəmˈplitɪŋ ðə ˈsərkəl ənd ˈlidɪŋ tɪ ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈmitɪŋ. ˈfɔrmər ˈhæməltən ˈkɪlti bi raɪən fərst mɛt lɑˈloʊndi ɛz ə ˈrʊki ɪn ðə ˈsizən. hi wɛnt ɔn tɪ ə ˈlɛŋθi proʊ kərɪr ɪn ʤəˈpæn ˌbiˈfɔr rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ koʊʧ ðə ˈwɔrjərz ɪn 2011 əˈpɑn hɪz rɪˈtərn, hi wɑz səˈpraɪzd tɪ faɪnd lɑˈloʊndi wɑz stɪl ˌvɔlənˈtɪrɪŋ.
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when fred lalonde first signed up to volunteer at inch park arena in 1964, he never dreamed that 50 years later, he would still be volunteering in hamilton junior hockey.
"it never entered my mind," lalonde says. "i never even thought of it."
yet on a cold february night in 2015, as the ancaster avalanche kick off their first-round playoff series against the niagara falls canucks, a now-74-year-old fred lalonde is there taking tickets and doing his part to help local hockey succeed in his community.
"i wanted to do something for the kids," he says. "i started and just kept going, and going, and going."
the 2014-15 season marks lalonde's 50th season as a volunteer in hamilton hockey. his career, which has seen him work thousands of games for several different teams, started with a shovel and an early wake-up call.
"i started out when my stepsons were playing at inch park. i was a volunteer with the peewee division. i had to go over there and shovel snow off the ice at 5 in the morning, because they started at 6."
in the 50 years since, he's worked with eight different junior hockey teams, including his current roles taking tickets for the jr. b ancaster avalanche and jr. a hamilton red wings. lalonde says he gets all the pay he needs in knowing he had a part in helping kids reach the next level.
"i don't ask for money. i never have in 50 years. when i hear that a kid made it somewhere big, i feel just as good as he does, because i know i did something to help get him there."
while lalonde was working with the stoney creek warriors in 2011, one of those players returned to work in junior hockey, completing the circle and leading to an interesting meeting.
former hamilton kilty b ryan kuwabara first met lalonde as a 15-year-old rookie in the 1987-1988 season. he went on to a lengthy pro career in japan before returning to coach the warriors in 2011. upon his return, he was surprised to find lalonde was still volunteering.
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ə mæn hu hæd tɪ weɪt faɪv jɪrz tɪ hæv hɪz neɪm klɪrd əv ““unfounded”*” əˈbjuz ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz wɑz dɪˈnaɪd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ si hɪz ˈgrænˌʧɪldrən, ˈivɪn ðoʊ hi wɑz daɪɪŋ. ɪt ənˈtɪl ˈæftər ðə mæn hæd daɪd ðət hɪz neɪm wɑz ɪgˈzɑnərˌeɪtɪd, bət hi wɑz əˈfɔrdəd ðə ʧæns tɪ si hɪz ˈgrænˌʧɪldrən ˌbiˈfɔr hi pæst əˈweɪ. ðə keɪs ɪz ʤɪst wən əv ðoʊz dɪˈteɪld ɪn ˈteɪkɪŋ stɑk, ə rɪˈpɔrt ˈpəblɪʃt ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ baɪ ðə ˈɑmbədzmən ɔn haʊ ˈtuzlə ˈhændəlz ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz əv əˈbjuz əˈgɛnst ˈædəlts. ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən faʊnd lɔŋ dɪˈleɪz wər ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪk əv səʧ ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃənz, ənd ðɪs keɪs ɪz wən səʧ ɪgˈzæmpəl. tʊk ˈsɛvərəl interventions”*” rɪˈfərd tɪ ɪn ðə rɪˈpɔrt ɛz ˈmɪstər lɪnʧ, ɪt ˈditeɪlz haʊ hi ənd hɪz waɪf ˌɪˈnɪʃəli hæd ˈsupərˌvaɪzd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðɛr ˈgrænˌʧɪldrən hu wər ɪn ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈfɑstər kɛr. ðə lɪnʧ ˈfæməli ˈɔlsoʊ hæd tu ˈtiˌneɪʤ ˈʧɪldrən ˈlɪvɪŋ wɪθ ðɛm wɪn ən ˌæləˈgeɪʃən wɑz meɪd (baɪ ðə ˈməðər əv ðə ˈgrænˌʧɪldrən) əv hɪˈstɔrɪk əˈbjuz əˈgɛnst ˈmɪstər lɪnʧ. ðɪs ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˈgrænˌʧɪldrən wɑz ˈsəbsəkwəntli pʊt ɔn hoʊld baɪ ðə (ənd ðɛn ˈtuzlə) ɔn ðə fʊt əv ðiz ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz. ðə gardaí*í wər kɔld ɪn tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə kleɪmz ənd, ˈæftər ə faɪl wɑz sɛnt tɪ ðə dpp*, ɪt wɑz dɪˈtərmənd ðət ðɛr wɑz evidence”*” tɪ pərˈsid wɪθ ə ˈkrɪmənəl keɪs. dɪˈspaɪt ðɪs, ðə sɛd ɪt wʊd bi kənˈdəktɪŋ ən investigation”*” ˈɪntu ðə kleɪmz. tu jɪrz ˈæftər ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz wər meɪd, ðə roʊt tɪ lɪnʧ ənd toʊld ɪm ðət ðə kleɪmz wər kənˈsɪdərd ““inconclusive”*”. æt ðɪs taɪm, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, noʊ ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti əˈsɛsmənt əv ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz hæd bɪn ˈəndərˌteɪkən baɪ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz ənd noʊ rɪsk əˈsɛsmənt hæd bɪn meɪd ɪn rɪˈgɑrd tɪ ˈtiˌneɪʤ ˈʧɪldrən ˈlɪvɪŋ æt hoʊm. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃən mɛnt ðət lɪnʧ si hɪz ˈgrænˌʧɪldrən, bət stɪl hæd hɪz oʊn ˈʧɪldrən ˈlɪvɪŋ æt hoʊm. wɪn ðə riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ʧaɪld prəˈtɛkʃən ˈsərvɪsɪz wɑz ˈtrænsfərd tɪ ˈtuzlə, ɪt wɑz ðɛn ðət ðə ˈɑmbədzmən bɪˈkeɪm ˌɪnˈvɑlvd. ˈtuzlə əˈgrid tɪ pərˈfɔrm ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əˈsɛsmənt əv rɪsk bət, du tɪ ˈfeɪlɪŋ hɛlθ, hi wɑz əˈneɪbəl tɪ du ðə əˈsɛsmənt. wɑz ə ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt case,”*,” ˈɑmbədzmən ˈpitər ˈtɪndəl sɛd æt ðə lɔnʧ əv ðə rɪˈpɔrt ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ. æt ðɪs steɪʤ, jɪrz hæd pæst ənd hɪz hɛlθ wɑz ˈfeɪlɪŋ. hi wɑz ˈvɛri ɪl ənd ˈwɔntɪd tɪ si hɪz ˈgrænˌʧɪldrən. ɪt tʊk ˈsɛvərəl ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃənz frəm ðɪs ˈɔfəs tɪ meɪk ɪt ˈhæpən. ˈæftər ðə ˈɑmbədzmən bɪˈkeɪm ˌɪnˈvɑlvd, lɪnʧ wɑz ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈgrænɪd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ si hɪz ˈgrænˌʧɪldrən. hi daɪd səm mənθs ˈleɪtər. æt ðə taɪm əv hɪz dɛθ, hi hæd nɑt bɪn ɪgˈzɑnərˌeɪtɪd frəm ðɪs ˌæləˈgeɪʃən. mɔr ðən faɪv jɪrz ˈæftər ðə ərˈɪʤənəl kəmˈpleɪnt wɑz meɪd, ˈtuzlə ðɛn ækˈnɑlɪʤd ðət ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃən wɑz ““unfounded”*”. soʊ wət ˈhæpənd? ˈtɪndəl aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ðət ə ki pɑrt əv ðə lɔŋ dɪˈleɪ ɪn ˈgɪtɪŋ ðɪs əˈbjuz ˌæləˈgeɪʃən ˈprɑpərli lʊkt æt ənd ˈhændəld wɑz ðə ˌæləˈkeɪʃən əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz tɪ ðə keɪs. hi sɛd: əv ðə ˈrizən fər ɔl əv ðɪs ɪz ˈtuzlə dɪd nɑt hæv ə səˈfɪʃənt ˈlɛvəl əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz tɪ mit dɪˈmænd. ðɛr wɑz ə ˈtərˌnoʊvər əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz ɔn ðɪs keɪs, ənd iʧ taɪm ðɛr wɑz ə handover…*… [ɪt] lidz tɪ ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi ənd dɪˈleɪ. ðə ˈɑmbədzmən kɔld ɪt ə example”*” əv wət ˈhæpənz wɪn ðɛr ər ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt ɪt ˈsɪstəmz ɪn pleɪs. mæn daɪd wɪˈθaʊt hɪz neɪm biɪŋ cleared,”*,” ˈtɪndəl sɛd. kən bi ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd ənd tɪ riʧ ə kənˈkluʒən ɪn ðiz ˈkeɪsɪz. bət ðɛr wər dɪˈleɪz ɪt pərˈsud wɪθ səˈfɪʃənt ˈərʤənsi. ðə ˈɑmbədzmən sɛd ðət, ɪn ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪŋ ˈkeɪsɪz səʧ ɛz ðɪs, ɪt wɑz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ si ˈwɛðər ðə dɪˈleɪz hir ər ˈsɪmpli ə ““once-off”*” ər ˌɪnˈdɪkətɪv əv mɔr sɪˈstɛmɪk ˈɪʃuz wɪˈθɪn ˈtuzlə. ɪn ðɪs rɪˈgɑrd, ɪts ˈɔdɪt əv ˈtuzlə faʊnd: lɔŋ dɪˈleɪz ɪn ðə ˌæləˈkeɪʃən əv ˈkeɪsɪz ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz əv əˈbjuz tɪ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz. lɔŋ dɪˈleɪz ɪn ˈkɑnˌtæktɪŋ ˈpipəl hu meɪd ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz. lɔŋ dɪˈleɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈɪntərvˌjuz kəˈmɛnst wɪθ ðə ˈpərsən ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ən ˌæləˈgeɪʃən əv əˈbjuz ənd ɪn kənˈkludɪŋ əˈsɛsmənts. sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt dɪˈleɪz ɪn rɪˈspɑndɪŋ tɪ kəmˈpleɪnənts. ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə challenges”*” ɪt ˈfeɪsɪz ɪn ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz əv əˈbjuz dɪˈteɪld ɪn ðə rɪˈpɔrt, ˈtuzlə sɛd: məst ˈdɛləkətli ˈbæləns ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl rights…*… ˈtuzlə məst ɪnˈʃʊr ðət nən əv ðiz raɪts ɪz briʧt, waɪl æt ɔl taɪmz rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ fɛr, ˌɪmˈpɑrʃəl ənd əˈbʤɛktɪv. ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈligəl ˈfreɪmˌwərk wɪθ rɪˈspɛkt tɪ ˈmænəʤɪŋ ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ɪz ˌɪˈnædəkˌweɪt ənd nɑt ɪkˈwɪpt tɪ mit boʊθ ðə nidz əv ˈʧɪldrən ənd prəˈtɛkt ðə raɪts əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz əˈgɛnst hum ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz hæv bɪn meɪd. əˈnɑnəməs ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ɪn əˈnəðər keɪs ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪd ɪn ðə rɪˈpɔrt, ə mæn rɪˈfərd tɪ ɛz ˈmɪstər smɪθ hæd kəmˈpleɪnd əˈbaʊt ðə weɪ ðə ˈsoʊʃəl wərk dɪˈpɑrtmənt hæd ˈhændəld ən əˈnɑnəməs ˌæləˈgeɪʃən meɪd əˈgɛnst ɪm. wɑz ə ˈʤɛnəlmən hu wərkt wɪθ children,”*,” ˈtɪndəl sɛd. əˈnɑnəməs ˌæləˈgeɪʃən wɑz meɪd tɪ gardaí*í hu ˈnoʊtəˌfaɪd ˈtuzlə. ɪt tʊk ən ˈɔfəl lɔŋ taɪm tɪ sɑlv ðɪs case.”*.” wɪn ðə keɪs wɑz rɪˈfərd baɪ gardaí*í tɪ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz, ˈditeɪlz əˈbaʊt ðə neɪm ənd foʊn ˈnəmbər əv ðə əˈlɛʤd ˈvɪktɪm wər nɑt prəˈvaɪdɪd tɪ ˈtuzlə. mɛnt ðət ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz hæd noʊ minz əv ˈkɑnˌtæktɪŋ ðə əˈlɛʤd ˈvɪktɪm tɪ ˈkɑndəkt ə ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti əˈsɛsmənt ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ ˈmɪstər smith,”*,” ðə rɪˈpɔrt sɛd. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ɪn ðə rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃən ðə moʊst ˈbeɪsɪk ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wɑz lacking”*”. ðɛr wɑz noʊ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn wɛr ər wɪn ðə əˈlɛʤd ˈɪnsədənt əˈkərd. ɪt hæd bɪn əˈlɛʤd ðət smɪθ hæd ˈæktɪd əˈgrɛsɪvli təˈwɔrdz əˈnəðər ˈædəlt ɪn ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ə ʧaɪld. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðɪs ˌæləˈgeɪʃən wɑz wɪθˈdrɔn, ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz stɪl ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˈɪntərvˌju smɪθ tɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm ɪm əv ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃən ənd sik hɪz rɪˈspɑns. sɪks mənθs ˈæftər ˈtuzlə wɑz toʊld əˈbaʊt ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃən, ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz sɛnt ə ˈlɛtər tɪ smɪθ, ˈsteɪtɪŋ ðət ðeɪ wɪʃt tɪ mit ɪm rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ən əˈlɛʤd ˈɪnsədənt ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ hɪmˈsɛlf ənd əˈnəðər ˈpərsən. ˈlɛtər kɔzd ˈmɪstər smɪθ kənˈsɪdərəbəl distress,”*,” ðə rɪˈpɔrt sɛd. ˈtɪndəl ɪkˈspændɪd ɔn ðɪs ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ ənd sɛd ðə mæn θɔt hi wɑz æt rɪsk əv ˈluzɪŋ hɪz ʤɑb ˈoʊvər ðɪs. smɪθ hæd tɪ rɪŋ ˈtuzlə tɪ faɪnd aʊt mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt wət wɑz biɪŋ kleɪmd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈmitɪŋ. ɪn ðə weɪk əv ðə ˈmitɪŋ, ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz æst gardaí*í fər ˈkɑnˌtækt ˈditeɪlz əv ðə ˈpərsən hu hæd meɪd ðə kəmˈpleɪnt ənd, tu mənθs ˈleɪtər, wər prəˈvaɪdɪd wɪθ ðɪs ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ə foʊn ˈnəmbər, bət nɑt ə neɪm, wɑz prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ðə gardaí*í, ˌhaʊˈɛvər. ə mənθ ˈleɪtər, smɪθ wɑz toʊld ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃən wɑz ““unfounded”*”. ðə rɪˈpɔrt sɛd: ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkərz ɪkˈspleɪnd tɪ ˈmɪstər smɪθ ðət ðə əˈsɛsmənt hæd ˈteɪkən ˈlɔŋgər ðən ɪkˈspɛktɪd, ɛz ðə əˈlɛʤd ˈvɪktɪm dɪd nɑt meɪk ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ðɛm. ˈmɪstər smɪθ wɑz ˌəndərˈstændəbli ˈhaɪli kənˈsərnd əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈgɑrdə ˈvɛtɪŋ ˈstætəs, ɛz ðɪs kʊd hæv ə ˈmeɪʤər ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn hɪz employment…*… ˈmɪstər laɪf ənd ˈlaɪvliˌhʊd wɑz pʊt ɔn hoʊld ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd əv taɪm du tɪ ðə ənˈsərtənti əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈgɑrdə ˈvɛtɪŋ. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv rɪˈfərɪŋ smɪθ tɪ ðə ˈgɑrdə ˈvɛtɪŋ ˈbjʊroʊ, ə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkər geɪv ðət wɑz misleading”*”. ˈæftər əˈnəðər tu mənθs hi wɑz toʊld hɪz ˈvɛtɪŋ wʊd nɑt bi əˈfɛktɪd bɪˈkəz ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃən wɑz ““unfounded”*”. smɪθ wɑz ˈɪʃud wɪθ ə ˈrɪtən əˈpɑləˌʤi baɪ ˈtuzlə ˈæftərwərdz. ˈtɪndəl ˈædɪd ðət, waɪl ɪt ɪz ʤɑb tɪ ˈseɪfˌgɑrd ˈʧɪldrən, ɪt ɪz fər ðə gardaí*í tɪ brɪŋ ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃənz. ˈridrɛs æt ðə kloʊz əv prɛs ˈkɑnfərəns, ə rɪˈpɔrtər æst dɪˈrɛktər əv kˈwɑləti əˈʃʊrəns braɪən li wət ˈridrɛs wɑz ˈɔfərd tɪ ˈfæməli. ðə kˈwɛʃən wɑz nɑt ˈænsərd dɪˈrɛkli, ənd soʊ ɪt wɑz æst ə ˈsɛkənd taɪm. ˈrɪtən əˈpɑləˌʤi ənd əˈproʊpriˌeɪt redress,”*,” li sɛd.
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a man who had to wait five years to have his name cleared of “unfounded” abuse allegations was denied access to see his grandchildren, even though he was dying.
it wasn’t until after the man had died that his name was exonerated, but he was afforded the chance to see his grandchildren before he passed away.
the case is just one of those detailed in taking stock, a report published yesterday by the ombudsman on how tusla handles allegations of abuse against adults. the investigation found long delays were characteristic of such examinations, and this case is one such example.
“it took several interventions”
referred to in the report as mr lynch, it details how he and his wife initially had supervised access to their grandchildren who were in long-term foster care.
the lynch family also had two teenage children living with them when an allegation was made (by the mother of the grandchildren) of historic abuse against mr lynch.
this access to the grandchildren was subsequently put on hold by the hse (and then tusla) on the foot of these allegations.
the gardaí were called in to investigate the claims and, after a file was sent to the dpp, it was determined that there was “insufficient evidence” to proceed with a criminal case.
despite this, the hse said it would be conducting an “internal investigation” into the claims. two years after the original allegations were made, the hse wrote to lynch and told him that the claims were considered “inconclusive”.
at this time, however, no credibility assessment of the allegations had been undertaken by social workers and no risk assessment had been made in regard to lynch’s teenage children living at home.
in other words, the allegation meant that lynch couldn’t see his grandchildren, but still had his own children living at home.
when the responsibility for child protection services was transferred to tusla, it was then that the ombudsman became involved.
tusla agreed to perform an independent assessment of risk but, due to lynch’s failing health, he was unable to do the assessment.
“this was a very difficult case,” ombudsman peter tyndall said at the launch of the report yesterday.
at this stage, years had passed and his health was failing. he was very ill and wanted to see his grandchildren. it took several interventions from this office to make it happen.
after the ombudsman became involved, lynch was eventually granted access to see his grandchildren.
he died some months later. at the time of his death, he had not been exonerated from this allegation.
more than five years after the original complaint was made, tusla then acknowledged that the allegation was “unfounded”.
so what happened?
tyndall identified that a key part of the long delay in getting this abuse allegation properly looked at and handled was the allocation of social workers to the case.
he said: “part of the reason for all of this is tusla did not have a sufficient level of social workers to meet demand.
there was a turnover of social workers on this case, and each time there was a handover… [it] leads to inconsistency and delay.
the ombudsman called it a “classic example” of what happens when there are insufficient it systems in place.
“this man died without his name being cleared,” tyndall said. “it can be complicated and time-consuming to reach a conclusion in these cases.
but there were delays – it wasn’t pursued with sufficient urgency.
the ombudsman said that, in highlighting cases such as this, it was important to see whether the delays here are simply a “once-off” or indicative of more systemic issues within tusla.
in this regard, its audit of tusla found:
long delays in the allocation of cases involving allegations of abuse to social workers.
long delays in contacting people who made allegations.
long delays before interviews commenced with the person subject to an allegation of abuse and in concluding assessments.
significant delays in responding to complainants.
in response to the “significant challenges” it faces in investigating allegations of abuse detailed in the report, tusla said: “tusla must delicately balance constitutional rights… tusla must ensure that none of these rights is breached, while at all times remaining fair, impartial and objective.
the current legal framework with respect to managing allegations is inadequate and not equipped to meet both the needs of children and protect the rights of individuals against whom allegations have been made.
anonymous allegations
in another case highlighted in the ombudsman’s report, a man – referred to as mr smith – had complained about the way the social work department had handled an anonymous allegation made against him.
“this was a gentleman who worked with children,” tyndall said. “an anonymous allegation was made to gardaí who notified tusla. it took an awful long time to solve this case.”
when the case was referred by gardaí to social workers, details about the name and phone number of the alleged victim were not provided to tusla.
“this meant that social workers had no means of contacting the alleged victim to conduct a credibility assessment before meeting with mr smith,” the report said.
furthermore, in the report on the allegation “even the most basic information was lacking”. there was no information on where or when the alleged incident occurred.
it had been alleged that smith had acted aggressively towards another adult in the presence of a child. although this allegation was withdrawn, social workers still decided to interview smith to inform him of the allegation and seek his response.
six months after tusla was told about the allegation, social workers sent a letter to smith, stating that they wished to meet him regarding an alleged incident involving himself and another person.
“this letter caused mr smith considerable distress,” the report said. tyndall expanded on this yesterday and said the man thought he was at risk of losing his job over this. smith had to ring tusla to find out more information about what was being claimed before the meeting.
in the wake of the meeting, social workers asked gardaí for contact details of the person who had made the complaint and, two months later, were provided with this information. a phone number, but not a name, was provided by the gardaí, however.
a month later, smith was told the allegation was “unfounded”. the report said:
the social workers explained to mr smith that the assessment had taken longer than expected, as the alleged victim did not make contact with them. mr smith was understandably highly concerned about his garda vetting status, as this could have a major impact on his employment… mr smith’s life and livelihood was put on hold during this period of time due to the uncertainty about his garda vetting.
instead of referring smith to the garda vetting bureau, a social worker gave “information that was misleading”. after another two months he was told his vetting would not be affected because the allegation was “unfounded”. smith was issued with a written apology by tusla afterwards.
tyndall added that, while it is tusla’s job to safeguard children, it is for the gardaí to bring prosecutions.
redress
at the close of yesterday’s press conference, a reporter asked tusla’s director of quality assurance brian lee what redress was offered to lynch’s family.
the question was not answered directly, and so it was asked a second time.
“a written apology and appropriate redress,” lee said.
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ˈprivˌju: vi bluz ðə hɛd tɪ ˈɑklənd tɪ teɪk ɔn ðə bluz ðɪs wik ənd ər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ðɛr ˈsɛkənd əˈweɪ wɪn əv ðə ˈsizən. ɔl aɪz hæv bɪn ɔn ðə bluz ðɪs wik ˈæftər ðeɪ əˈnaʊnst ðət ˈmɑrʃəl wɪl bi ˈpɑrtɪŋ weɪz wɪθ ðə kləb. ðə fɔrm ðə ər ˈkərəntli ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn pəˈzɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈsupər ˈrəgbi ˈlædər waɪlst ðə bluz ər ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn pəˈzɪʃən. hɛd tɪ hɛd ɪn ðə læst faɪv ˈmæʧɪz ðeɪ hæv pleɪd əˈgɛnst iʧ ˈəðər, ðə bluz hæv wən θri ənd ðə hæv wən tu. ðɪs ˈsizən ðə bluz hæv hæd faɪv ˈlɔsɪz ənd θri wɪnz waɪlst ðə hæv hæd faɪv wɪnz ənd θri ˈlɔsɪz. ðə timz ðə hæv neɪmd ən ənˈʧeɪnʤd ˈstɑrtɪŋ tim fər ðɪs mæʧ. bil ɪz sɛt tɪ pleɪ ˈæftər ˈkəmɪŋ ɔf ˈərli ɪn ðə mæʧ əˈgɛnst ðə bʊlz. ɔn ðə bɛnʧ, ˈwɪklɪf kəmz ɪn; ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɛr ɪz stɪl wən rɪˈpleɪsmənt tɪ bi oʊˈmɪtɪd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə geɪm. hæv pleɪd θri saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑn timz ˈoʊvər ðə pæst mənθ ənd ðeɪ hæv ɔl bɪn ɑrm ˈrɛsəlz. ˈmaɪkəl sɛd ɪn ðə prɛs ˈkɑnfərəns ˈæftər ðə bʊlz mæʧ ðət hi wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ pleɪɪŋ nu ˈzilənd saɪdz ɛz ɪt wʊd sut haʊ ðə pleɪ. ðə ðə nu ˈzilənd saɪdz tɛnd tɪ pleɪ mɔr əˈtækɪŋ ˈrəgbi ənd θraɪv ɪn ˈbroʊkən pleɪ ənd bɪˈlivz hɪz saɪd həz ðə ˈfaɪrˌpaʊər tɪ ˈprɑspər pleɪɪŋ ðɪs staɪl. ðə bluz hæv meɪd ə fju ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ðɛr ˈstɑrtɪŋ laɪn əp. ˈpitər kəmz ˈɪntu ðə ˈstɑrtɪŋ saɪd ənd ˈpʊʃɪz ɔl blæk, ˈstivən tɪ ðə bɛnʧ. bluz koʊʧ ʤɑn ˈkərwɔn sɛd ðɪs wɑz ðə kəmˈpit əˈgɛnst ðə ““big*, strong”*” pæk. ˈsaɪmən ˈhɪki rɪˈpleɪsɪz krɪs noʊks ˈæftər hi wɑz ɪn ðə blues’*’ lɔs tɪ ðə ˈhərəˌkeɪnz læst wik ənd ɔl blæk rɪˈtərnz tɪ ðə saɪd ˈæftər ˈsəfərɪŋ frəm ə taɪt kæf. ˈɔlsoʊ, fræŋk riˈgeɪnz hɪz wɪŋ spɑt ənd kəmz ˈɔntu ðə bɛnʧ ənd ɪz sɛt tɪ pleɪ fər ðə fərst taɪm sɪns ˈsəfərɪŋ ə ˈmaɪnər stroʊk. dɪˈspaɪt ðɛr pəˈzɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈlædər ðɪs bluz saɪd ɪz nɑt wən tɪ ˌdɪsrɪˈgɑrd. ðɛr saɪd ɪz stækt wɪθ ɔl blæks ənd ðeɪ ər jɛt tɪ luz ə mæʧ æt ˈidən pɑrk ðɪs jɪr. ənd ðə bluz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd bæks meɪ pruv tɪ bi ə ˈhændˌfʊl ənd wɪl nid tɪ bi kənˈteɪnd. ki ðə frənt roʊ ðə frənt roʊ ˈbætəl wɪl bi ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈkɑntɛst. ðə ɔl blæk frənt roʊ əv ˈʧɑrli faumuina*, ˈkivən ənd ˈtoʊni ˈwʊdˌkɑk wɪl teɪk ɔn kepu*, ənd bɛn ˈrɑbənsən. ˈhoʊpfəli ðə ˈkɑntɛst wɪl nɑt bɪˈkəm ə mɛs ənd sloʊ ðə geɪm daʊn. ʤəroʊm vi ʤæk boʊθ pleɪərz ər ɪkˈstrimli ˈfɪzɪkəl ənd aɪ æm ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ siɪŋ iʧ əv ðɛm pʊl ɔf səm ˈkrənʧɪŋ ˈtækəlz ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ tɪ hɛlp ðɛr tim gɪt ðə ˈəpər hænd. priˈdɪkʃən ˈidən pɑrk ɪz ə təf pleɪs tɪ wɪn (ʤɪst æsk ðə ˈwɑləbiz) ənd ðə hæv nɑt bɪn ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli səkˈsɛsfəl ɔn ðə roʊd ðɪs ˈsizən, ər ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz. dɪˈspaɪt ðɪs aɪ bɪˈliv ðə hæv ðə mɛn ənd ðə geɪm staɪl tɪ teɪk aʊt ðə mæʧ, bət ɪt wɪl bi kloʊz. baɪ 4 tim lɪsts bluz: 15 ˈʧɑrəlz piutau*, 14 fræŋk, 13 ˈfrænsɪs, 12, 11 visinia*, 10 ˈsaɪmən ˈhɪki, 9 brɪn hɔl, 8 ˈpitər, 7 luk breɪd, 6 ʤəroʊm, 5 tɑm ˈdɑnɛli, 4 ˈpætrɪk tuipulotu*, 3 ˈʧɑrli faumuina*, 2 ˈkivən, 1 ˈtoʊni ˈwʊdˌkɑk. riˈpleɪsmənts: 16 ʤeɪmz ˈpɑrsənz, 17 sæm prattley*, 18 ˈæŋgəs ta’avao*, 19 ˈheɪdən trɪgz, 20, 21 ˈstivən, 22 wɛst, 23 ˈpitə: 15 ˈɪzriəl folau*, 14 kæm ˈkrɔfərd, 13 ˈædəm ashley-cooper*, 12 bil, 11 rɑb hɔrn, 10 ˈbərnərd ˈfoʊli, 9 nɪk fɪps, 8 deɪv ˈdɛnɪs (si), 7 ˈmaɪkəl ˈhupər, 6 ʤæk, 5 keɪn ˈdəgləs, 4 wɪl ˈskɛltən, 3 kepu*, 2 noʊ, 1 bɛn ˈrɑbənsən. riˈpleɪsmənts: 16 latu*, 17 ˈʤɛrəˌmi tilse*, 18 ˈpædi raɪən, 19 pæt məˈkəʧən, 20 ˈwɪklɪf, 21 ˈbrɛndən məˈkɪbən, 22 læns, 23 mæt
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preview: waratahs v blues
the waratahs head to auckland to take on the blues this week and are looking for their second away win of the season. all eyes have been on the blues this week after they announced that benji marshall will be parting ways with the club.
the form
the waratahs are currently sitting in 4th position on the super rugby ladder whilst the blues are sitting in 10th position. head to head in the last five matches they have played against each other, the blues have won three and the waratahs have won two. this season the blues have had five losses and three wins whilst the waratahs have had five wins and three losses.
the teams
the waratahs have named an unchanged starting team for this week’s match. kurtley beale is set to play after coming off early in the match against the bulls. on the bench, wycliff palu comes in; however, there is still one replacement to be omitted before the game.
waratahs have played three south african teams over the past month and they have all been arm wrestles. michael cheika said in the press conference after the bulls match that he was looking forward to playing new zealand sides as it would suit how the waratah’s play. the the new zealand sides tend to play more attacking rugby and thrive in broken play and cheika believes his side has the firepower to prosper playing this style.
the blues have made a few changes to their starting line up. peter saili comes into the starting side and pushes all black, steven luatua to the bench. blues coach john kirwan said this was the compete against the “big, strong” waratahs pack. five-eight simon hickey replaces chris noakes after he was concussed in the blues’ loss to the hurricanes last week and all black midfielder ma’a nonu returns to the side after suffering from a tight calf. also, frank halai regains his wing spot and piri weepu comes onto the bench and is set to play for the first time since suffering a minor stroke.
despite their position on the ladder this blues side is not one to disregard. their side is stacked with all blacks and they are yet to lose a match at eden park this year. ma’a nonu and the blues outside backs may prove to be a handful and will need to be contained.
key match-ups
the front row
the front row battle will be an interesting contest. the all black front row of charlie faumuina, keven mealamu and tony woodcock will take on sekope kepu, tatafu polota-nau and benn robinson. hopefully the scrum contest will not become a mess and slow the game down.
jerome kaino v jacques potgieter
both players are extremely physical and i am looking forward to seeing each of them pull off some crunching tackles on friday to help their team get the upper hand.
prediction
eden park is a tough place to win (just ask the wallabies) and the waratahs have not been particularly successful on the road this season, or in recent years. despite this i believe the waratahs have the men and the game style to take out the match, but it will be close.
waratahs by 4
team lists
blues: 15. charles piutau, 14. frank halai, 13. francis saili, 12. ma’a nonu, 11. lolagi visinia, 10. simon hickey, 9. bryn hall, 8. peter saili, 7. luke braid, 6. jerome kaino, 5. tom donnelly, 4. patrick tuipulotu, 3. charlie faumuina, 2. keven mealamu, 1. tony woodcock.
replacements: 16. james parsons, 17. sam prattley, 18. angus ta’avao, 19. hayden triggs, 20. piri weepu, 21. steven luatua, 22. ihaia west, 23. pita ahki
waratahs: 15 israel folau, 14. cam crawford, 13. adam ashley-cooper, 12. kurtley beale, 11. rob horne, 10. bernard foley, 9. nick phipps, 8. dave dennis (c), 7. michael hooper, 6. jacques potgieter, 5. kane douglas, 4. will skelton, 3. sekope kepu, 2. tatafu polota nau, 1. benn robinson.
replacements: 16. tolu latu, 17. jeremy tilse, 18. paddy ryan, 19. pat mccutcheon, 20. wycliff palu, 21. brendan mckibbin, 22 jono lance, 23. matt carraro/stephen hoiles
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ðɛr ɪz ə ˌɪˈluməˌneɪtəd rɑg ˈloʊgoʊ æt ðə beɪs əv ðə dɪˈspleɪz, ɛz wɛl ɛz greɪt kənɛkˈtɪvɪti ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ənd pɔrts. ˈpaʊərfəl ˈbɪlˌtɪn ˈstɛriˌoʊ ˈspikərz wɪθ ˈɪrˌfoʊn ʤæks ər ˈfiʧərd fər lɛs ˈklətər ɔn ðə dɛsk. boʊθ stændz ər fʊl əˈʤəstəbəl ənd maʊnt kəmˈpætəbəl. ɪz fər ðoʊz hu hæv ðə bɛst ənd dɪˈmænd ðə bɛst (ju nid ə ˌhɛˈluvə ˈsɪstəm tɪ rən ðɪs fər ˈgeɪmɪŋ), bət ɪt ˈsərtənli ˈdəzənt hərt tɪ ˈjɔrsɛlf. ðɪs ˈfiʧərz ə 3840 ɛks 2160 ˌrɛzəˈluʃən fər ðə ˈʃɑrpnəs kəmˈpɛrd tɪ! həz ə 2560 ɛks 1440 ˌrɛzəˈluʃən, ənd ɪz ðə fərst dɪˈspleɪ wɪθ ə rɪˈfrɛʃ reɪt fər fər ənˈraɪvəld sˈmuðnəs! æt ðɪs ˌrɛzəˈluʃən, ju wɪl faɪnd ɪt ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ rən ɔl jʊr geɪmz sˈmuðli, ˌɔlˈðoʊ fər səm geɪmz ɪt ɪz stɪl ə ˈstrəgəl ˈivɪn fər ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈsɪstəmz aʊt ðɛr. ˈmɛni wʊd ˈɑrgju ðət ɪz ðə swit spɑt bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ˈrɪli, ˈrɪli ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ rən ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɪn 4k*! boʊθ 27 dɪˈspleɪz ˈfiʧər sˈwɪʧɪŋ (ips*) ˈpænəlz wɪθ rɪˈspɑns taɪm,, fər ɛnˈhænsmənts, tɛkˈnɑləʤi fər ˈvɪʒwəlz, blu laɪt ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤiz tɪ prəˈtɛkt jʊr aɪz ənd rɪˈdus ˈdʊrɪŋ lɔŋ ˈsɛʃənz əv ˈgeɪmɪŋ. ˈhævɪŋ ɔl ðət grənt ɪn jʊr rɪg tɪ paʊər jʊr geɪmz wʊd bi ˈminɪŋləs ɪf ju doʊnt hæv ə greɪt dɪˈspleɪ tɪ du ɪt ˈʤəstɪs. ɪf jʊr freɪm reɪt ɪz kæpt baɪ jʊr dɪˈspleɪ, jʊr ˈtrəsti ol*' 19 ˈɪzənt ˈkətɪŋ ɪt ˌɛniˈmɔr, ðə ˈpɪksəlz ər soʊ bɪg ju kən ˈlɪtərəli kaʊnt ðɛm, ər ðə ˈtɪrɪŋ ɪn geɪmz ɪz ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ju tɪ tɪrz, ɪts taɪm tɪ ˈəpˈgreɪd wən əv ðə kəmˈpoʊnənts ðɛr ɪz (əˈpɑrt frəm jʊr keɪs). ə greɪt dɪˈspleɪ kən bi jʊr bɛst frɛnd fər ˈmɛni jɪrz ənd wɪθ ənd ˌrɛzəˈluʃənz ɛz ðə ˈsilɪŋ, rɑg swɪft ənd swɪft ˈgeɪmɪŋ dɪˈspleɪz woʊnt bi ˈnidɪŋ ən ˈəpˈgreɪd fər ə lɔŋ taɪm (lʊk æt haʊ lɔŋ həz bɪn əraʊnd!). riˈpəblɪk əv ˈgeɪmərz əˈnaʊnsɪz swɪft ənd swɪft ˈleɪtəst ˈgeɪmɪŋ dɪˈspleɪz wɪθ ˈpænəlz ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi ʤɔɪn ðə rɑg swɪft ˈlaɪˌnəp ki pɔɪnts ˈgeɪmɪŋ dɪˈspleɪz ˈfiʧər sˈwɪʧɪŋ (ips*) ˈpænəlz ənd ʃɑrp ənd ˈvɪʒwəlz fər ənd rɪˈspɛktɪvli boʊθ dɪˈspleɪz hæv ˈbɪlˌtɪn fər smuð, ˌfæstˈpeɪst ˈvɪʒwəlz, wɪθ biɪŋ ðə fərst dɪˈspleɪ wɪθ ə rɪˈfrɛʃ reɪt ˈfiʧərɪŋ ðə fər ɛnˈhænsmənts, ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi wɪθ sɪks priˈsɛt dɪˈspleɪ moʊdz fər ˈvɪʒwəlz ˈtaɪˌpeɪ, ˈtaɪˈwɑn ɑkˈtoʊbər, 2015 riˈpəblɪk əv ˈgeɪmərz (rɑg) təˈdeɪ əˈnaʊnst swɪft ənd swɪft ˈgeɪmɪŋ dɪˈspleɪz wɪθ ˈpænəlz fər waɪd vjuɪŋ ˈæŋgəlz ənd rɪʧ, braɪt ˈkələrz. rɑg swɪft dɪˈlɪvərz 2560 ɛks 1440 ˈvɪʒwəlz waɪl rɑg swɪft həz ən əˈstaʊndɪŋ 3840 ɛks 2160 ˌrɛzəˈluʃən. boʊθ dɪˈspleɪz ˈfiʧər nvidia®*® g-sync™*™ tɛkˈnɑləʤi tɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt skrin ˈtɪrɪŋ, ˈmɪnəˌmaɪz ˈstətərɪŋ, ənd rɪˈdus ˈɪnˌpʊt læg. rɑg swɪft ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə fərst dɪˈspleɪ wɪθ ə rɪˈfrɛʃ reɪt fər ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈvɪʒwəlz. boʊθ dɪˈspleɪz hæv blu laɪt ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤiz tɪ prəˈtɛkt users’*’ aɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈmɛrəˌθɑn ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈsɛʃənz. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ɛnˈhænsmənts laɪk ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤiz gɪv ˈjuzərz ən ædˈvæntɪʤ ɪn ðə ˈgeɪmɪŋ ərˈinə. ˈlaɪˌflaɪk ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈvɪʒwəlz ðiz rɑg swɪft ˈsɪriz ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈmɑnətərz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ə nu ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən əv dɪˈspleɪz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈgeɪmərz wɪθ ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv ˈlɛvəlz əv ˈditeɪl. rɑg swɪft həz ə 2560 ɛks 1440 ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ˈpænəl, dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ ˈgreɪtər ˈɪmɪʤ ˈditeɪl ənd əp tɪ 77 mɔr ˌɑnˈskrin ˈdɛskˌtɑp speɪs ðən ˈstændərd fʊl dɪˈspleɪz. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkəvərz ðə fʊl ˈkələr ˈgæmət. rɑg swɪft prəˈdusɪz ˈbɪljən dɪˈspleɪ ˈkələrz 10-bit*) ənd ˈkəvərz ðə fʊl ˈgæmət. ɪt dɪˈlɪvərz ʃɑrp 3840 ɛks 2160 ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ˈɪmɪʤɪz ənd krɪsp tɛkst. wɪθ ə ˈpɪksəl ˈdɛnsɪti əv 163ppi*, ɪt prəˈvaɪdz ˈjuzərz wɪθ ənˈmæʧt ˈlɛvəlz əv ˈditeɪl. ɪt ˈfiʧərz fɔr taɪmz ðə ˌɑnˈskrin ˈdɛskˌtɑp speɪs əv fʊl ənd dɪˈlɪvərz krɪsp ənd ʃɑrp ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈvɪʒwəlz. boʊθ dɪˈspleɪz dɪˈlɪvər suˈpɪriər ˈɪmɪʤɪz wɪθ ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ˈkələrz θæŋks tɪ tɛkˈnɑləʤi. ˈjuzərz kən ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ waɪd vjuɪŋ ˈæŋgəlz wɪθ ˈmɪnəməl dɪˈstɔrʃən ənd ˈkələr ʃɪft ˈivɪn wɪn vjuɪŋ ðə dɪˈspleɪ frəm ɪkˈstrim pəˈzɪʃənz. ənd ˈsimləs ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ ðə rɑg swɪft ˈsɪriz ɪz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ðə ˈfæstəst ənd sˈmuðəst ˈgeɪmɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ˌɪˈmæʤənəbəl. rɑg swɪft ɪz ðə fərst dɪˈspleɪ wɪθ ə rɪˈfrɛʃ reɪt tɪ rɪˈdus læg ənd ˈmoʊʃən blər, ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈgeɪmərz ðə ˈəpər hænd ɪn ˌfæstˈpeɪst first-person-shooters*, ˈreɪsɪŋ, ˈrilˌtaɪm ˈstrætəʤi, ənd spɔrts geɪmz. ˈjuzərz kən səˈlɛkt bɪtˈwin 60 120 ənd rɪˈfrɛʃ reɪts ɔn ðə flaɪ wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv ðə ˈtərboʊ ki. ˈjuzərz kən ˈfʊli ɪkˈspɪriəns rɑg swɪft rɪˈfrɛʃ reɪt ɪf ˈjuzɪŋ ə nvidia®*® geforce®*® gtx™*™ 960 ər haɪər ˈgræfɪks ˈprɑˌsɛsər. boʊθ rɑg swɪft ənd swɪft boʊst dɪˈspleɪ tɛkˈnɑləʤi fər smuð, ˈsimləs ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ. ðɪs tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈsɪŋkrəˌnaɪzɪz ðə rɪˈfrɛʃ reɪt tɪ ðə ˈgræfɪks ˈprɑˌsɛsər tɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt skrin ˈtɪrɪŋ, ənd ˈmɪnəˌmaɪz dɪˈspleɪ ˈstətər ənd ˈɪnˌpʊt læg. ˈfiʧərz rɑg swɪft ˈsɪriz dɪˈspleɪz ˈfiʧər ðə tɪ gɪv ˈgeɪmərz ˈoʊvərˌleɪz, ˈtaɪmər ˈfəŋkʃənz, ənd ə freɪmz pər ˈsɛkənd) ˈkaʊntər. ðə ˈoʊvərˌleɪ prəˈvaɪdz fɔr ˈdɪfərənt ˈɔpʃənz, soʊ ˈjuzərz kən səˈlɛkt ðə wən ðət bɛst suts ðə geɪm ˈkərəntli biɪŋ pleɪd. ˈɔlsoʊ ən ˌɑnˈskrin ˈtaɪmər ðət kən bi pəˈzɪʃənd ɔn ðə lɛft əv ðə dɪˈspleɪ tɪ kip trækt əv ɪˈlæpst geɪm taɪm; waɪl ðə ˈkaʊntər lɛts ˈjuzərz noʊ haʊ sˈmuðli ðə geɪm ɪz ˈrənɪŋ. tɛkˈnɑləʤi prəˈvaɪdz əp tɪ sɪks priˈsɛt dɪˈspleɪ moʊdz (ˈsinəri, ˈreɪsɪŋ, ˈsɪnəmə, rts/rpg*,, ənd) tɪ sut ˈdɪfərənt geɪm ˈʒɑnrəz. ðɪs juˈnik ˈfiʧər kən bi ˈizəli ˈækˌsɛst θru ə ər ðə ɔn skrin dɪˈspleɪ (osd*) ˈsɛtɪŋz ˈmɛnju. ɪkˈstɛnsɪv kənɛkˈtɪvɪti ˈɔpʃənz boʊθ rɑg ənd rɑg hæv ə waɪd əreɪ əv kənɛkˈtɪvɪti ˈɔpʃənz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ənd. tu pɔrts prəˈvaɪd kənˈvinjənt kənɛkˈtɪvɪti æt spidz əv əp tɪ ðət əv ənd ðeɪ kən ˈɔlsoʊ ˈmoʊbəl dɪˈvaɪsɪz. boʊθ dɪˈspleɪz ˈfiʧər ə pɛr əv ˈspikərz ənd ə ˈɪrˌfoʊn ʤæk fər ˈɑdiˌoʊ. ən ˌərgəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈzaɪn ˈfiʧər hɛlps ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ənd haɪd ˈkeɪbəlz tɪ kip ðə ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈɛriə ˈtaɪdi. dɪˈzaɪnd fər ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈmɛrəˌθɑnz ənd ˈsɛˌtəps rɑg swɪft ˈsɪriz dɪˈspleɪz ər dɪˈzaɪnd fər ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈmɛrəˌθɑnz. blu laɪt tɛkˈnɑləʤi rɪˈdusɪz blu laɪt ɪˈmɪʃən baɪ əp tɪ 70 ənd həz fɔr ˈdɪfərənt ˈfɪltər ˈsɛtɪŋz ðət ər ˈizəli ˈækˌsɛst ɔn ðə ˈmɛnju ˈviə ə ˈʤɔɪˌstɪk. tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈɔlsoʊ hɛlps rɪˈdus ˌɑnˈskrin ˈflɪkər fər ə mɔr ˈkəmfərtəbəl ˈgeɪmɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns. boʊθ dɪˈspleɪz hæv ˌəndərˈgɔn ˈstrɪnʤənt pərˈfɔrməns tɛsts ənd ər ˈsərtəˌfaɪd baɪ ˈlæbrəˌtɔriz, ə ˈgloʊbəl prəˈvaɪdər əv ˈtɛknɪkəl, ˈseɪfti, ənd ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃən ˈsərvɪsɪz, tɪ bi ənd tɪ ɪˈmɪt loʊ blu laɪt ˈlɛvəlz rɑg swɪft ˈsɪriz dɪˈspleɪz hæv bɪn ənd prəˈvaɪd fʊl tɪlt, sˈwɪvəl, ˈpɪvət, ənd haɪt əˈʤəstmənt soʊ ˈgeɪmərz kən faɪnd ðɛr prɪˈfərd vjuɪŋ pəˈzɪʃən. boʊθ dɪˈspleɪz hæv ðət meɪk ðɛm aɪˈdil fər ˈsimləs ˈsɛˌtəps; ðeɪ kən ˈɔlsoʊ bi wall-mounted*. əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti ˈpraɪsɪŋ rɑg swɪft wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl ˈwərldˈwaɪd frəm ɑkˈtoʊbər 2015 ənd rɑg swɪft wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl ˈwərldˈwaɪd frəm noʊˈvɛmbər 2015 pliz ˈkɑnˌtækt jʊr ˈloʊkəl ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv fər ˈfərðər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ˈpænəl size(diagonal*) 68.6cm*) 68.6cm*) ˈpænəl ˈbæˌklaɪt/ taɪp ˈkələr ˈgæmət 100 100 tru ˌrɛzəˈluʃən dp*: (əp tɪ 60hz*): 24hz*) 60hz*) dp*: (əp tɪ): 60hz*) ˈpɪksəl pɪʧ 163ppi*) 109ppi*) ˈbraɪtnəs (mæks.) 300cd/m²*² 350cd/m²*² vjuɪŋ ˈæŋgəl 178°(h*) 178°(v*) 178°(h*) 178°(v*) dɪˈspleɪ ˈkələrz 10-bit*) 8-bit*) rɪˈspɑns taɪm (greɪ tɪ greɪ) (greɪ tɪ greɪ) ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈfiʧərz ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən ˈʤɔɪˌstɪk ˈtaɪmər ˈkaʊntər) ˈreɪsɪŋ ˈsɪnəmə /ˈstændərd moʊdz) ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən ˈʤɔɪˌstɪk ˈtaɪmər ˈkaʊntər) ˈreɪsɪŋ ˈsɪnəmə /ˈstændərd moʊdz) ˈtərboʊ ki 60-120-165hz*) aɪ kɛr tɛkˈnɑləʤi loʊ blu laɪt (tuv-certified*) ˈflɪkər fri (tuv-certified*) loʊ blu laɪt (tuv-certified*) ˈflɪkər fri (tuv-certified*) ˈstɛriˌoʊ ˈspikər ɛks 2 ɛks 2 ˈɪnˌpʊt ˈaʊtˌpʊt ˈɪrˌfoʊn ʤæk ˈɪrˌfoʊn ʤæk ˌərgəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈzaɪn tɪlt: sˈwɪvəl: ˈpɪvət: 90°(clockwise*) haɪt əˈʤəstmənt: jɛs) kəmˈpætəbəl: 100 ɛks 100 maʊnt smɑrt ˈkeɪbəl ˈmænɪʤmənt tɪlt: sˈwɪvəl: ˈpɪvət: 90°(clockwise*) haɪt əˈʤəstmənt: jɛs) kəmˈpætəbəl: 100 ɛks 100 maʊnt smɑrt ˈkeɪbəl ˈmænɪʤmənt dɪˈmɛnʃən ɛks ɛks (wxhxd*) ɛks ɛks (wxhxd*) weɪt nɛt weɪt (ɛst.): nɛt weɪt (ɛst.): əˈbaʊt ɪz ə ˈwərldˈwaɪd kənˈsumər ˈnoʊtˌbʊk ˈvɛndər ənd ˈmeɪkər əv ðə best-selling*, moʊst motherboards*. ə ˈlidɪŋ ˈɛnərˌpraɪz ɪn ðə nu ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈɪrə, dɪˈzaɪnz ənd ˌmænjəˈfækʧərz ˈprɑdəkts ðət ˈpərfəktli mit ðə nidz əv ˈdɪʤɪtəl hoʊm ənd ˈɔfəs, wɪθ ə brɔd pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ ðət ˌɪnˈkludz motherboards*, ˈgræfɪks kɑrdz, ˈɑptɪkəl draɪvz, dɪˈspleɪz, ˈdɛskˌtɑp ənd ˈpiˈsiz, ˈnoʊtˌbʊks, netbooks*, ˈsərvərz, ˌməltiˈmidiə dɪˈvaɪsɪz, ˈwaɪrlɪs səˈluʃənz, ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ dɪˈvaɪsɪz, ˈtæbləts, ənd wearables*. ˈdrɪvən baɪ ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən ənd kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ kˈwɑləti, wən əˈwɔrdz ɪn 2014 ənd ɪz ˈwaɪdli ˈkrɛdɪtɪd wɪθ ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnaɪzɪŋ ðə ˈpiˈsi ˈɪndəstri wɪθ ɪts pc™*™. həz mɔr ðən ɪmˈplɔɪiz əraʊnd ðə gloʊb wɪθ ə ˈwərldˌklæs tim əv ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz. ˈkəmpəˌni ˈrɛvəˌnu fər 2014 wɑz əˈprɑksəmətli ˈbɪljən. 1 ˌspɛsəfəˈkeɪʃənz, ˈkɑntɛnt ənd ˈprɑdəkt əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti ər ɔl ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ʧeɪnʤ wɪˈθaʊt ˈnoʊtɪs ənd meɪ ˈdɪfər frəm ˈkəntri tɪ ˈkəntri. ˈækʧəwəl pərˈfɔrməns meɪ ˈvɛri dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz, ˈjusɪʤ, ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ənd ˈəðər ˈfæktərz. fʊl ˌspɛsəfəˈkeɪʃənz ər əˈveɪləbəl æt
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there is a illuminated rog logo at the base of the displays, as well as great connectivity including displayport 1.2, hdmi and usb 3.0 ports. powerful built-in stereo speakers with earphone jacks are featured for less clutter on the desk. both stands are full adjustable and vesa mount compatible.
pg27aq is for those who have the best and demand the best (you need a helluva system to run this for gaming), but it certainly doesn't hurt to future-proof yourself. this features a 4k/uhd (3840 x 2160) resolution for four-times the sharpness compared to full-hd!
pg279q has a/wqhd (2560 x 1440) resolution, and is the world’s first display with a 165hz refresh rate for for unrivaled smoothness! at this resolution, you will find it possible to run all your games smoothly, although for some games it is still a struggle even for the majority of systems out there. many would argue that wqhd is the sweet spot because it is really, really difficult to run everything in 4k!
both 27" displays feature in-plane switching (ips) panels with 4ms response time, nvidia g-sync, asus-exclusive gameplus hotkeys for in-game enhancements, gamevisual technology for optimized visuals, ultra-low blue light and flicker-free technologies to protect your eyes and reduce eye-strain during long sessions of gaming.
having all that grunt in your rig to power your games would be meaningless if you don't have a great display to do it justice. if your frame rate is capped by your display, your trusty ol' 19" isn't cutting it anymore, the pixels are so big you can literally count them, or the tearing in games is bringing you to tears, it's time to upgrade one of the longest-serving components there is (apart from your case). a great display can be your best friend for many years and with/wqhd and 4k/uhd resolutions as the ceiling, rog swift pg279q and swift pg27aq gaming displays won't be needing an upgrade for a long time (look at how long 1080p full-hd has been around!).
asus republic of gamers announces swift pg279q and swift pg27aq
latest gaming displays with ips panels and nvidia g-sync technology join the asus rog swift line-up
key points
27-inch gaming displays feature in-plane switching (ips) panels and sharp/wqhd and 4k/uhd visuals for pg279q and pg27aq respectively
both displays have built-in nvidia g-sync for smooth, fast-paced visuals, with pg279q being the world’s first display with a 165hz refresh rate
featuring the asus-exclusive gameplus hotkey for in-game enhancements, and gamevisual technology with six preset display modes for optimized visuals
taipei, taiwan (16th october, 2015) — asus republic of gamers (rog) today announced swift pg279q and swift pg27aq gaming displays with 27-inch ips panels for wide 178-degree viewing angles and rich, bright colors. rog swift pg279q delivers/wqhd (2560 x 1440) visuals while rog swift pg27aq has an astounding 4k/uhd (3840 x 2160) resolution. both displays feature nvidia® g-sync™ technology to eliminate screen tearing, minimize stuttering, and reduce input lag. rog swift pg279q is also the world’s first display with a 165hz refresh rate for incredibly-smooth gaming visuals. both displays have ultra-low blue light and flicker-free technologies to protect users’ eyes during marathon gaming sessions. in addition, asus-exclusive enhancements like gameplus and gamevisual technologies give users an advantage in the gaming arena.
lifelike gaming visuals
these rog swift pg series gaming monitors represent a new generation of displays designed to provide gamers with impressive levels of detail. rog swift pg279q has a/wqhd (2560 x 1440) resolution panel, delivering greater image detail and up to 77% more onscreen desktop space than standard full hd displays. it also covers the full srgb color gamut.
rog swift pg27aq produces 1.07 billion display colors (10-bit) and covers the full srgb gamut. it delivers sharp 4k/uhd (3840 x 2160) resolution images and crisp text. with a pixel density of 163ppi, it provides users with unmatched levels of detail. it features four times the onscreen desktop space of full hd and delivers crisp and sharp gaming visuals.
both displays deliver superior images with outstanding colors thanks to ips technology. users can enjoy wide 178-degree viewing angles with minimal distortion and color shift even when viewing the display from extreme positions.
ultra-smooth and seamless gameplay
the rog swift series is designed to provide the fastest and smoothest gaming experiences imaginable. rog swift pg279q is the world’s first display with a 165hz refresh rate to reduce lag and motion blur, giving gamers the upper hand in fast-paced first-person-shooters, racing, real-time strategy, and sports games. users can select between 60, 120, and 144hz refresh rates on the fly with the help of the turbo key. users can fully experience rog swift pg279q’s 165hz refresh rate if they’re using a nvidia® geforce® gtx™ 960 or higher graphics processor.
both rog swift pg279q and swift pg27aq boast nvidia g-sync display technology for smooth, seamless gameplay. this technology synchronizes the display's refresh rate to the pc’s nvidia geforce gtx graphics processor to eliminate screen tearing, and minimize display stutter and input lag.
gamer-centric features
rog swift series displays feature the asus-exclusive gameplus hotkey to give gamers crosshair overlays, timer functions, and a frames per second (fps) counter. the crosshair overlay provides four different crosshair options, so users can select the one that best suits the game currently being played. there’s also an onscreen timer that can be positioned on the left of the display to keep tracked of elapsed game time; while the fps counter lets users know how smoothly the game is running.
asus-exclusive gamevisual technology provides up to six preset display modes (scenery, racing, cinema, rts/rpg, fps, and srgb) to suit different game genres. this unique feature can be easily accessed through a hotkey or the on screen display (osd) settings menu.
extensive connectivity options
both rog pg279q and rog pg27aq have a wide array of connectivity options including displayport 1.2 and hdmi. two usb 3.0 ports provide convenient pass-through connectivity at speeds of up to 10-times that of usb 2.0, and they can also quick-charge mobile devices.
both displays feature a pair of 2-watt speakers and a 3.5mm earphone jack for immersive in-game audio. an ergonomic cable-management design feature helps organize and hide cables to keep the gaming area tidy.
designed for gaming marathons and multi-display setups
rog swift pg series displays are designed for gaming marathons. asus ultra-low blue light technology reduces blue light emission by up to 70%, and has four different blue-light filter settings that are easily accessed on the osd menu via a 5-way joystick. flicker-free technology also helps reduce onscreen flicker for a more comfortable gaming experience.
both displays have undergone stringent performance tests and are certified by tüv rheinland laboratories, a global provider of technical, safety, and certification services, to be flicker-free and to emit low blue light levels
rog swift pg series displays have been ergonomically-designed and provide full tilt, swivel, pivot, and height adjustment so gamers can find their preferred viewing position. both displays have super-narrow 6mm bezels that make them ideal for seamless multi-display setups; they can also be vesa wall-mounted.
availability & pricing
rog swift pg279q will be available worldwide from october 2015, and rog swift pg27aq will be available worldwide from november 2015. please contact your local asus representative for further information.
pg27aq pg279q panel size(diagonal) 27in (68.6cm) widescreen (16:9) 27in (68.6cm) widescreen (16:9) panel backlight/ type wled / ips wled / ips color gamut 100% srgb 100% srgb true resolution dp: 3840x2160 (up to 60hz) hdmi: 3840x2160 (24hz) / 1920x1080 (60hz) dp: 2560x1440 (up to 165hz) hdmi: 2560x1440 (60hz) pixel pitch 0.155mm (163ppi) 0.233mm (109ppi) brightness (max.) 300cd/m² 350cd/m² viewing angle (cr≧10) 178°(h) / 178°(v) 178°(h) / 178°(v) display colors 1.07b (10-bit) 16.7m (8-bit) response time 4ms (gray to gray) 4ms (gray to gray) asus-exclusive gaming features 5-way osd navigation joystick gameplus (crosshair / timer / fps counter) gamevisual (fps / rts / rpg / racing / srgb / cinema /standard modes) 5-way osd navigation joystick gameplus (crosshair / timer / fps counter) gamevisual (fps / rts / rpg / racing / srgb / cinema /standard modes) turbo key (60-120-165hz) eye care technology low blue light (tuv-certified) flicker free (tuv-certified) low blue light (tuv-certified) flicker free (tuv-certified) stereo speaker 2w x 2 2w x 2 input / output 1x displayport1.2, 1x hdmi1.4, 2x usb3.0, earphone jack 1x displayport1.2, 1x hdmi1.4, 2x usb3.0, earphone jack ergonomic design tilt: +20° ~ -5° swivel: +60° ~ -60° pivot: 90°(clockwise) height adjustment: yes (0~120 mm) vesa compatible: 100 x 100 mm mount super-narrow bezel smart cable management tilt: +20° ~ -5° swivel: +60° ~ -60° pivot: 90°(clockwise) height adjustment: yes (0~120 mm) vesa compatible: 100 x 100 mm mount super-narrow bezel smart cable management dimension 619.77 x 552.53 x 237.9mm (wxhxd) 619.77 x 552.53 x 237.9mm (wxhxd) weight net weight (est.): 7.2kg net weight (est.): 7.0kg
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about asus
asus is a worldwide top-three consumer notebook vendor and maker of the world’s best-selling, most award-winning motherboards. a leading enterprise in the new digital era, asus designs and manufactures products that perfectly meet the needs of today’s digital home and office, with a broad portfolio that includes motherboards, graphics cards, optical drives, displays, desktop and all-in-one pcs, notebooks, netbooks, servers, multimedia devices, wireless solutions, networking devices, tablets, smartphones and wearables. driven by innovation and committed to quality, asus won 4,326 awards in 2014 and is widely credited with revolutionizing the pc industry with its eee pc™. asus has more than 16,000 employees around the globe with a world-class r&d team of 5,200 engineers. company revenue for 2014 was approximately us$14.5 billion.
[1] specifications, content and product availability are all subject to change without notice and may differ from country to country. actual performance may vary depending on applications, usage, environment and other factors. full specifications are available at http://www.asus.com
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ðɪs 1986 fərˈɑri 328 ʃoʊz maɪəlz ənd wɑz ərˈɪʤənəli ə ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə kɑr meɪnˈteɪnd baɪ moʊˈdɛnə ˈmoʊtərz ɪn ˈrɛdˌwʊd ˈsɪti ənˈtɪl ˈpərʧəst baɪ ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈoʊnər ɪn 2002 ənd ʃɪpt tɪ ðə nu jɔrk. paʊərd baɪ ə kwɑd kæm pɛrd tɪ ə ˈmænjuəl ˈgɪrˌbɑks, ðɪs ɪgˈzæmpəl rɪˈsivd ɪts læst ˈmeɪʤər ˈsərvɪs ɪn 2015 ðə wərk wɑz pərˈfɔrmd baɪ ˈɑrˈpiˈɛm ɪn vergennes*, vərˈmɑnt ənd ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə nu ˈtaɪmɪŋ bɛlt, ˈwɔtər pəmp, riˈfərbɪʃmənt əv ðə ˌɪgˈnɪʃən ˈsɪstəm, ənd mɔr. ˈdrɪvən əˈbaʊt 600 maɪəlz sɪns, ðə kɑr həz ˈɔlsoʊ bɪn ˈfɪtɪd wɪθ ə ɪgˈzɔst ənd ˈæftərˌmɑrkɪt ˈstɛriˌoʊ. ðə ˈsɛlɪŋ ˈdilər ɪz naʊ ˈɔfərɪŋ ɪt ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈoʊnər wɪθ ˈrɛkərdz ˈdeɪtɪŋ bæk tɪ 1998 ənd ə klin nu jɔrk ˈtaɪtəl ɪn ðə ˈkɑrənt neɪm. riˈpeɪntəd ɪn 1998 ðə kɑr həz rɪˈpɔrtədli bɪn ˈdrɪvən ˈrɛgjələrli ˈoʊvər ðə læst 15 jɪrz, ənd ðə məˈtælɪk ˈfɪnɪʃ ʃoʊz ə fju mɑrks ənd stoʊn ʧɪps ˈprɛzənt ɔn ðə loʊ noʊz ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt. ðə ˈfɔrwərd dɛk lɪd wɑz mɔr ˈrisəntli rɪˈpɛrd ənd riˈpeɪntəd tɪ kərˈɛkt fər ə kræk nɪr ðə hʊd strət, ənd ðə ʧɪn ˈspɔɪlər wɑz rɪˈpɛrd baɪ ˈɑrˈpiˈɛm ɛz ˈnoʊtɪd ɪn ən əˈtæʧt ˈɪnvɔɪs. ðə wilz ər kərˈɛkt ˈkɑnkeɪv ˈaɪtəmz, əˈproʊpriˌeɪt fər ən ˈərli pərˈdəkʃən 328 nu taɪərz wər ˈfɪtɪd baɪ ˈɑrˈpiˈɛm ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə moʊst ˈrisənt ˈsərvɪs. ðə tɔp ɪn ðə ˈkæbən bɪˈhaɪnd ðə sits ənd ɪz ˈfərðər dɪˈteɪld ɪn ðə ˈgæləri bɪˈloʊ. ðə bɑr ənd ˈwɪndˌʃild əˈtæʧmənt pɔɪnt ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈpɪkʧərd wɪθ ðə tɔp riˈmuvd. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈnɛroʊ spɛr rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ðə ˈfɔrwərd kəmˈpɑrtmənt wɪθ ɪts ˈwɔrnɪŋ ˈleɪbəl stɪl əˈfɪkst. ðə ˈkæbən ɪz əˈpoʊlstərd ɪn tæn ˈlɛðər wɪθ ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈkɑrpəts, ɛz wɛl ɛz blæk ˈlɛðər ɔn ðə dæʃ ənd dɔr pʊlz. ɔl ˌɪnˈtɪriər ˈfiʧərz rɪˈpɔrtədli wərk ɛz ðeɪ ʃʊd, frəm ðə ˌɪnstrəˌmɛnˈteɪʃən tɪ ðə ɛr kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ. ə ˈælˌpaɪn ˈstɛriˌoʊ wɪθ ˈsiˈdi pleɪər ɪz ˈfɪtɪd, ɛz ər nɑnˈstændərd dɔr ˈspikərz. səm kən bi sin ɔn ðə sit, ənd ðə ˈlɛðər ɔn ðə sits ɪz ˈnoʊtəbli ˈdɑrkər ðən ðə tæn ˈlɛðər ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɪn ðə ˈkæbən. ðə kwɑd kæm ɪz əˈpɑrt frəm ə ɪgˈzɔst ˈfɪtɪd ɪn 1998 ðə læst ˈmeɪʤər ˈsərvɪs wɑz pərˈfɔrmd baɪ ˈɑrˈpiˈɛm ɪn vergennes*, vərˈmɑnt ɪn 2015 ənd ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə nu ˈtaɪmɪŋ bɛlt ənd ˈwɔtər pəmp. waɪl æt ˈɑrˈpiˈɛm, ðə ˌɪgˈnɪʃən ˈsɪstəm wɑz ˈoʊvərˌhɔld, ðə breɪks ˈsərvɪst, ðə ɔɪl wɑz ʧeɪnʤd, ənd ðə ˈkulənt ˈsɪstəm wɑz fləʃt. ðə ˈsɛlər həz ˈrɛkərdz fər ɔl ˈmeɪʤər ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈstrɛʧɪŋ bæk tɪ ðə leɪt 1990s*, ðoʊ ðeɪ hæv mɪˈspleɪst səm əv ðə ˈrɛkərdz fər mɔr ˈmaɪnər ˈrisənt ˈsərvɪsɪz laɪk ɔɪl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz. ðə ˈsɛlər həz ˈædɪd əˈbaʊt maɪəlz ˈdʊrɪŋ 15 jɪrz əv ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp, ənd həz ˈdrɪvən ðə kɑr əˈbaʊt maɪəlz ɪn ðə læst faɪv jɪrz. ðə fʊl ˈɪnvɔɪs fər ðə 2015 ˈmeɪʤər ˈsərvɪs ɪz əˈtæʧt ɪn ðə ˈgæləri əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə frəm ðɛr 2002 ˈpərʧəs. ðə ˈpriviəs rɪˈsits fər ðə maɪl ˈsərvɪs ənd ðə ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən əv ðə ɪgˈzɔst ər ˈɔlsoʊ ʃoʊn. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl tul roʊl ɪz stɪl ɪn pleɪs ɪn ðə rɪr ˈkɑrˌgoʊ ˈɛriə, wɪʧ ɪz ˈækˌsɛst ˈviə ə ˈzɪpər ˈkloʊʒər. ˈnumərəs ˈfoʊˌtoʊz dɪˈteɪlɪŋ ðə ˈəndərˌsaɪd ər prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪn ðə ˈgæləri bɪˈloʊ.
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this 1986 ferrari 328 gts shows 49,655 miles and was originally a california car maintained by modena motors in redwood city until purchased by the current owner in 2002 and shipped to the new york. powered by a 3.2-liter quad cam v8 paired to a 5-speed manual gearbox, this example received its last major service in 2015. the work was performed by rpm in vergennes, vermont and included a new timing belt, water pump, refurbishment of the ignition system, and more. driven about 600 miles since, the car has also been fitted with a tubi-style exhaust and aftermarket stereo. the selling dealer is now offering it on behalf of the current owner with records dating back to 1998 and a clean new york title in the current owner’s name.
repainted in 1998, the car has reportedly been driven regularly over the last 15 years, and the grigio metallic finish shows a few marks and stone chips present on the low nose as a result. the forward deck lid was more recently repaired and repainted to correct for a crack near the hood strut, and the chin spoiler was repaired by rpm as noted in an attached invoice.
the wheels are correct concave 16″ items, appropriate for an early production 328. new tires were fitted by rpm during the most recent service.
the targa top stows in the cabin behind the seats and is further detailed in the gallery below. the targa bar and windshield attachment point are also pictured with the top removed.
the original narrow spare remains in the forward compartment with its warning label still affixed.
the cabin is upholstered in tan leather with matching carpets, as well as black leather on the dash and door pulls. all interior features reportedly work as they should, from the instrumentation to the air conditioning. a 1990s-vintage alpine stereo with cd player is fitted, as are non-standard door speakers.
some creasing can be seen on the driver’s seat, and the leather on the seats is notably darker than the tan leather elsewhere in the cabin.
the 3.2-liter quad cam v8 is unmodified apart from a tubi-style exhaust fitted in 1998. the last major service was performed by rpm in vergennes, vermont in 2015 and included a new timing belt and water pump. while at rpm, the ignition system was overhauled, the brakes serviced, the oil was changed, and the coolant system was flushed. the seller has records for all major services stretching back to the late 1990s, though they have misplaced some of the records for more minor recent services like oil changes.
the seller has added about 20k miles during 15 years of ownership, and has driven the car about 2k miles in the last five years. the full invoice for the 2015 major service is attached in the gallery along with the seller’s ppi from their 2002 purchase. the previous owner’s receipts for the 30k mile service and the installation of the tubi-style exhaust are also shown.
the original tool roll is still in place in the rear cargo area, which is accessed via a zipper closure.
numerous photos detailing the underside are provided in the gallery below.
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ˈʤərnəlɪst mɑrk eɪmz ɪz ðə ˈfaʊndər əv ðə ˈɛkˌsaɪl, ˈɛkˌsaɪld ˈɔnˌlaɪn ənd ˈrɛgjələr kənˈtrɪbjətər tɪ ˈpɑndoʊ ˈdeɪli. ɪn ˈrəʃə, hi wərkt ɔn ðə səˈtɪrɪkəl, hɑrd ˈhɪtɪŋ ˈpeɪpər ðə ˈɛkˌsaɪl wɪθ ˈʤərnəlɪst mæt frəm ðə leɪt ənˈtɪl ɪt wɑz ʃət daʊn baɪ ˈmidiə ˈsɛnsərˌʃɪp ɑrm ɪn 2008 ames’*’ ˈhɪstəri wɪθ ðə ˈɛkˌsaɪl bɪˈgɪnz wɪθ ɪm fliɪŋ ðə ˈjuˈɛs æt ðə stɑrt əv ðə ˈklɪntən jɪrz, ənd ˈhɛdɪŋ tɪ ˈrəʃə æt ðə ɛnd əv 1993 ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈjunjən ˈɪrə, hi dɪˈskraɪbz ˈmɔˌskaʊ ɛz biɪŋ ˈkæpɪtəl əv ə kəˈlæpst empire”*”. ˈlɪtəl ˈvɔɪsɪz ɪgˈzɪstəd æt ðə taɪm ðət wər ˈspikɪŋ aʊt əˈbaʊt ˈrəʃə biɪŋ ˈpləndərd blaɪnd wɪθ ðə əˈsɪstəns əv ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl kəmˈjunɪti, spəˈsɪfɪkli ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˌnioʊˈlɪbərəl firesale*, ðɛr wər ˈsɛvərəl əˌsæsəˈneɪʃənz əv ˈʤərnəlɪsts ənd pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈfɪgjərz, ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈrəʃən meɪl laɪf ɪkˈspɛktənsi wɛnt frəm 68 tɪ 56 ənd ˈsuɪˌsaɪd reɪts ˈskaɪˌrɑkətɪd. dɪˈspaɪt ɔl ðə ˈhɔrərz ðət trænˈspaɪərd, ðə ˈjɛltsən ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən wɑz pɔrˈtreɪd ɛz biɪŋ fən, ənd ˈʤɑli, ənd ˈmeɪnˌstrim ˈfɔrən rəvˈjuz əv hɪz ˈprɛzɪdənsi wər ˌɪnˈtɛnsli ˈpɑzətɪv bɪˈkəz hi poʊzd noʊ θrɛt tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ˈɪntərɪsts. kwaɪt ðə ˈkɑntræst tɪ haʊ ðə ˈputɪn ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ɪz vjud təˈdeɪ θru ˈwɛstərn lɛnz. ˈrɑbi ˈmɑrtɪn əv ˈmidiə ruts spiks tɪ mɑrk əˈbaʊt hɪz ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn ˈrəʃə, ðə ˈlɛgəsi əv ðə kərəpt ˈbɔrɪs ˈjɛltsən jɪrz ˈæftər ðə fɔl əv ðə ussr*, ðə ˌnioʊˈlɪbərəl ˈpɪlɪʤɪŋ əv ðə ˈkəntri, ənd kəmˈplɛksɪtiz əv ðə ˈkɑrənt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wɔr. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ dɪˈrɛkli ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ðə ˈpɔdˌkæst, klɪk ðə daʊn ˈɛroʊ ˈaɪkɑn ɔn ðə raɪt əv ðə dɪˈspleɪ. ðɪs ˈmidiə ruts ˈpɔdˌkæst ɪz ðə ˈprɑdəkt əv ˈmɛni lɔŋ aʊərz əv hɑrd wərk ənd ləv. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ ɑr vɔɪs, pliz kənˈsɪdər səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs ɛz wi kənˈtɪnju tɪ spik frəm ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈpɑrti laɪnz. ˈivɪn ðə sˈmɔləst doʊˈneɪʃənz hɛlp ˈjuˈɛs wɪθ ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ kɔsts. ˈlɪsən tɪ ɔl ˈpriviəs ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz əv ˈmidiə ruts ˈreɪdiˌoʊ hir. ˈfɑloʊ
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journalist mark ames is the founder of the exile, exiled online and regular contributor to pando daily. in russia, he worked on the satirical, hard hitting paper the exile with journalist matt taibbi from the late 90s until it was shut down by moscow’s media censorship arm in 2008.
ames’ history with the exile begins with him fleeing the us at the start of the clinton years, and heading to russia at the end of 1993. living in the post-soviet union era, he describes moscow as being “the capital of a collapsed empire”.
little voices existed at the time that were speaking out about russia being plundered blind with the assistance of the international community, specifically the united states. during the country’s neoliberal firesale, there were several assassinations of journalists and political figures, the average russian male life expectancy went from 68 to 56, and suicide rates skyrocketed.
despite all the horrors that transpired, the yeltsin administration was portrayed as being fun, and jolly, and mainstream foreign reviews of his presidency were intensely positive because he posed no threat to us interests. quite the contrast to how the putin administration is viewed today through western lens.
robbie martin of media roots speaks to mark about his experience in russia, the oft-ignored legacy of the corrupt boris yeltsin years after the fall of the ussr, the neoliberal pillaging of the country, and complexities of the current information war.
if you want to directly download the podcast, click the down arrow icon on the right of the soundcloud display.
this media roots podcast is the product of many long hours of hard work and love. if you want to encourage our voice, please consider supporting us as we continue to speak from outside party lines. even the smallest donations help us with operating costs.
listen to all previous episodes of media roots radio here.
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ˌuˈbuˌtu ˈdɛskˌtɑp nɑt ə gʊd aɪˈdiə ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd: ʤun 12 2017 wɪn aɪ fərst rɛd ðə neɪm əv ðɪs ˈdɛskˌtɑp ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt, aɪ θɔt ɪt wɑz səm nu pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrti ɪn ðə uk*. bət ðɛn aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ɪt stændz fər ˌuˈbuˌtu ˈjuzər ˈɪnərˌfeɪs. naʊ, ðɪs ɪz ən ˌənəˈfɪʃəl spɪn əv ˌuˈbuˌtu, ˈfiʧərɪŋ ə fɔrkt ˈdɛskˌtɑp, ˈpriviəsli ˈjunɪti, dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ bi ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv tɪ ðə dɪˈfɔlt ˌuˈbuˌtu ɪkˈspɪriəns, kriˈeɪtɪd ɪn ˈʧaɪnə, ˈmoʊstli fər ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈɔdiəns, wɪθ ə dɪˈstɪŋkt fil. dip brɛθ. ðæts ðə ˈlɛŋθi əˈfɪʃəl ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən, bət dɪz ɪt wərk? wɪθ ˈtɛstɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ˈjuˈɛs, wɪθ səm ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈfeɪvərəbəl rɪˈzəlts ənd ə ˌrɛnəˈsɑns ɪn hoʊp, aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˈdɛdəˌkeɪt ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv aʊərz ˈtɛstɪŋ ðɪs nu ˈdɛskˌtɑp ɪn ˈpɛrəˌlɛl tɪ ˈjunɪti, ðɪs ɛz ə priˈkərsər tɪ ə pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌfʊlˈbloʊn ˈdɛskˌtɑp ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən. ʃæl wi bɪˈgɪn? ˈsɛˌtəp ənd ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən kəmz wɪθ ɪts oʊn, soʊ wəns ju hæv ðət kənˈfɪgjərd, ʤɪst ˌɪnˈstɔl ðə trænˈzɪʃənəl ˈpækɪʤ. ðə rɛst wɪl sɔrt ˌɪtˈsɛlf aʊt. ɪt tʊk ə waɪl, aɪ hæv tɪ seɪ, bət ðɛn, aɪ hæd ðə nu ˈdɛskˌtɑp æt maɪ dɪˈspoʊzəl. ˌɪnˈstɔl ɪt wɑz æt fərst glæns kəmz wɪθ ə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈdɛskˌtɑp leɪaʊt ˈbɑtəm ˈpænəl ðət kəmˈbaɪnz ɔl ðə bɪts ənd ˈpisɪz. ðə ˌsɪməˈlɛrəti tɪ ˈwɪndoʊz ɪz ˈmɪnəməl, boʊθ ɪn ðə ˈstaɪlɪŋ ɛz wɛl ɛz bɪˈheɪvjər, wɪʧ ɪz waɪ ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈrɛfərənsɪz tɪ ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈlaɪknəs ər ˈbæfəlɪŋ. aɪ hæv tɪ seɪ aɪ ˈwəzənt ˈhæpi wɪθ ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns, raɪt əˈweɪ. aɪ traɪd ˈædɪŋ nu ˈaɪˌkɑnz tɪ ðə ˈɛriə əˈʤeɪsənt tɪ ðə ˈmɛnju ˈbətən ənd kəmˈplitli feɪld duɪŋ soʊ. ˈniðər dɪd dræg drɔp frəm ðə ˈmɛnju (ˈfeɪvərɪts ənd ˈsɛkʃən) nɔr ˈdrægɪŋ ˈaɪˌkɑnz frəm ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp wərk, ənd ˈoʊnli ðə tu ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈaɪˌkɑnz rɪˈmeɪnd ðɛr. aɪ faʊnd noʊ weɪ tɪ æd mɔr. ðaʊ ʃæl nɑt pæs! piz. ˈmɛni ˈaɪkɑn staɪlz. ðə faɪl ˈmænɪʤər ˈaɪkɑn ˈjuzɪz ə staɪl ðət ɪz ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðə ˈsɪstəm ˈaɪkɑn θim ðət aɪ wɑz ˈjuzɪŋ (ɪt ˈhæpənz tɪ bi ˈmoʊkə). aɪ hæd ˈsɛvərəl ˈdɛskˌtɑp ˈaɪˌkɑnz, wɪʧ aɪ ˈdɪdənt wɔnt tɪ juz, bət ɪt tərnz aʊt ju ˈkænɑt dɪˈlit ðɛm. ju məst dɪˈseɪbəl ðɛr ˌvɪzəˈbɪlɪti ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈsɪstəm ˈsɛtɪŋ ˈmɛnju. wi hæv noʊm tɪ θæŋk fər ðɪs. ˈɔlsoʊ, ðə ˈaɪˌkɑnz wər nɑt əreɪnʤd ɪn ə nis weɪ, wɪθ ˈvərtɪkəl ˈspeɪsɪŋ ðət fɛlt ˈiðər tu ˈnɛroʊ ər tu waɪd bət ˈnɛvər raɪt. ˈsaɪdˌbɑr stəf. piz. kəmz wɪθ ɪts oʊn staɪl. pleɪɪŋ wɪθ ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz, aɪ dɪˈskəvərd noʊ lɛs ðən faɪv dɪˈstɪŋkt staɪlz juzd ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈdɛskˌtɑp, ənd ðɪs ɪz ə nu ˈrɛkərd, kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə rɪˈzəlts aɪv faʊnd ɪn lxqt*. fərst, moʊst æps juz ˈwɪndoʊz 8 laɪk ˌdɛkərˈeɪʃənz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɑz ˈjuzɪŋ səm ˈəgli θɪŋ ðət dɪd nɑt kənˈfɔrm tɪ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. ɪt fɛlt ˈvərtɪkli strɛʧt, ɛz ðə ˈwɪndoʊ ˈbətənz wər ɔl rɔŋ, ənd ɪt wɑz ˈoʊvərˌfloʊɪŋ ɔn boʊθ saɪdz baɪ ə gʊd fju ˈpɪksəlz. ə ˈsɪmələr bət ˈəltəmətli ˈdɪfərənt staɪl ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ juzd fər ðə tul. aɪ gɛs wi hæv noʊm ˈoʊvərˌraɪdz gɔn bæd. ðə fɔrθ ˈstaɪlɪŋ bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ ðə ˈsɛtɪŋz ˈmɛnju, wɪθ ˈkələrfəl, skwɛr ˈaɪˌkɑnz ðət du nɑt lʊk laɪk ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɛls ɪn ðə ˈsɪstəm. ənd ðɛrz mɔr. æd tɪ ˈdɛskˌtɑp, ˈəðər ˈaɪˌkɑnz stɪl. ɪts ˈæˌkʧuəli sɪks staɪlz, ɪf wi kaʊnt ðə faɪl ˈmænɪʤər. ðə ˈsɛtɪŋz ˈmɛnju ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˌprɑbləˈmætɪk, ˈjuzɪŋ ə staɪl ðət ɪz əˈgɛn ˈdɪfərənt frəm ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɛls, ˈaɪˌkɑnz ənd tɛkst ðət du nɑt hæv ə ˈjunəˌfɔrm ˈvərtɪkəl əˈlaɪnmənt, ənd ˈkætəˌgɔriz ðət ər ˈsəmˈwət ˈrændəm ənd ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ ˈfɑloʊ. ðə ˈstændərd ˌuˈbuˌtu ˈmɛnju ˈɔfərz ɔl ðə ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈɔpʃənz ˈəndər ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈəmˌbrɛlə. ðɪs wən wɑz sɔrt əv duɪŋ ðət ɪn ə ˈkɑnvəˌlutəd weɪ. ðɛr ər stɪl mɔr ˈprɑbləmz hir (æt list fɔr), lɛts si ɪf ju kən spɑt ðɛm. ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt leɪaʊt, kənfˈjuzɪŋ floʊ, ˈvɪʒəwəl bəgz, ˈkələrfəl ˈaɪkɑn θimz. ðə ˈmɛnju sərʧ ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti ɪz nɑt ˌɔtəˈmætɪk. ju kən ˌɪnˈvoʊk ɪt, bət ju ˈkænɑt ʤɪst taɪp, ju nid tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ðə ˈkərsər ˈɪntu ðə sərʧ bɑks. ðə æps ər ˈlɪstɪd ɛz ˈiðər ˈfeɪvərɪts ər ɔl, ju doʊnt hæv ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti ˈkætəˌgɔriz. traɪɪŋ tɪ æd ˈʃɔrtˌkəts frəm ðə ˈmɛnju ˈoʊnli wərks fər ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp ənd nɑt fər ðə ˈpænəl. ðɛrz ə mɪks əv ˈbrɪtɪʃ ənd ˈjuˈɛs ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃənz, ənd ˈɛləmənts səʧ ɛz ðə riˈsaɪkəl bɪn, ˈrəbɪʃ bɪn, ˈweɪstˌbæskət ər rɪˈfərd tɪ ɪn ə hæˈphæzərd ˈfæʃən. aɪ naʊ hæv tu skrin lɑks, boʊθ ˈdɪfərənt ˈvɪʒwəli, boʊθ, ənd boʊθ ˈəgli. aɪ hæv tɪ ˈɪnˌpʊt maɪ ˈpæsˌwərd twaɪs tɪ gɪt bæk tɪ ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp, soʊ ðɪs ɪz əˈnəðər rəˈgrɛʃən kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ˈsɪmpəl, smuð ənd ˈɛləgənt səˈluʃən ðæts pɑrt əv ðə dɪˈfɔlt ˈjunɪti ˈsɛˌtəp. pərˈfɔrməns wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ meh*. ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp wɑz ˈsəmˈwət laggy*, wɪʧ goʊz əˈgɛnst ɪts ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən ɛz ə ˈlaɪtˈweɪt ɔlˈtərnətɪv. ˈjunɪti wɑz fɑr mɔr kənˈsɪstənt, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn rɪˈspɑns ˈoʊvərˌɔl. ðə grəb ˈmɛnju həz ʧeɪnʤd ənd ɪt rɛd ˌuˈbuˌtu. noʊ. ˈsɑri. ðɪs ɪz rɔŋ. aɪ æm ˈjuzɪŋ ˌuˈbuˌtu wɪθ ɛz ə tɛst ˈdɛskˌtɑp. waɪ wʊd ju ʧeɪnʤ ɪt? ðə seɪm goʊz tɪ ðə splæʃ skrin, wɪʧ ˈfiʧərz ə ˈstɪltɪd ˌænəˈmeɪʃən. pləs, pɑrt əv ðə but ˈprɔˌsɛs naʊ ˈɔlsoʊ hæd ˈmɛsɪʤɪz dɪˈspleɪd ɔn ðə skrin, wɪʧ hæd nɑt ˈhæpənd wɪθ stɑk ˈjunɪti. bət ðə wərst pɑrt ɪz ˈvɛri ˌɪnˈtrusɪv. wəns aɪ swɪʧt bæk tɪ ˈjunɪti, aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd maɪ ˈdɛskˌtɑp hæd bɪn kəmˈplitli ʧeɪnʤd. ˈjunɪti hæd ðə ˈlɔnʧər æt ðə ˈbɑtəm, ɪt hæd ˈdɛskˌtɑp ˈaɪˌkɑnz, ɪt wɑz ˈjuzɪŋ ə nu θim (jɛt əˈnəðər), ənd soʊ fɔrθ. aɪ doʊnt maɪnd ˈhævɪŋ ˈməltəpəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts saɪd baɪ saɪd, bət ðeɪ məst nɑt təʧ wən əˈnəðər. ɪf səˈluʃənz ˈkænɑt wɪˈθaʊt ˌɪnərˈfɪrɪŋ, ðɛn ðeɪ ʃʊd nɑt. aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ riˈmuv æt ðɪs pɔɪnt, bət ðɛn ðə ˈsɪstəm dɪd nɑt rɪˈvərt bæk tɪ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl steɪt. aɪ stɪl hæd ˌuˈbuˌtu strɪŋz ɪn maɪ lɑk skrin, ðə ˈwɛlkəm skrin, wɪʧ aɪ θɪŋk ɪz ˈfɔrməli noʊn ɛz ˈjunɪti greeter*, grəb, splæʃ, ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ. æt ðɪs pɔɪnt, aɪ nɑt ˈoʊnli skrəbd ðə frəm maɪ æpt ˈsɔrsəz, aɪ hæd tɪ ðə ˈpækɪʤɪz dɪˈlɪvərd wɪθ ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp (riˈmuvɪŋ ʤɪst ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp ˈpækɪʤ ɪz nɑt ɪˈnəf), ənd ðɪs fɪkst ðə grəb ənd ðə splæʃ, bət nɑt ðə rɛst. wɪθ riˈmuvd frəm maɪ ˈsɪstəm, ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp ˈtaɪtəl ɪz stɪl ˌuˈbuˌtu. ɪz ðɪs ˌuˈbuˌtu? noʊ. soʊ waɪ du aɪ stɪl si ðə ˈtaɪtəl? naʊ, aɪ ˌɪnˈstɔld ənd ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈstɑrtɪd məˈnɪpjəˌleɪtɪŋ ˈdɪfərənt strɪŋz, traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt rɪd əv ˈlɛfˌtoʊvərz. ɪt tərnz aʊt ðət ʧeɪnʤd ðə dɪˈfɔlts ənd sɛt nu wənz. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, aɪ ˈivɪn kriˈeɪtɪd maɪ oʊn poʊ faɪl fər ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp, ənd ðɪs stɪl dɪd nɑt hɛlp, ɛz aɪ gɛs həz lɛft ə hoʊl bənʧ əv ˈəðər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə pleɪs. ənd ðə strɪŋ ɪz stɪl ðɛr ɪn ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp ˈtaɪtəl! əm ˈhækɪŋ maɪ oʊn ˈdɛskˌtɑp bæk tɪ ðə dɪˈfɔlts ɪts səˈpoʊzd tɪ hæv. sæd. stɪl ðɛr; məˈlɪʃəs bɪˈheɪvjər θru ˈlaʊzi ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən. aɪ æm ˈkɑntəmˌpleɪtɪŋ ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈɪnstəns bɪˈkəz ɪt wɪl teɪk mi lɛs taɪm duɪŋ ðət ˈrəðər ðən ˈklinɪŋ ə ˈsɪstəm. ðɪs ɪz ˈvɛri, ˈvɛri bæd. wət ər ðə kənˈdɪʃənz wɛr ju ˈæˌkʧuəli nid tɪ ˌriɪnˈstɑl ə bɑks? rɛr. soʊ ju kən ˌɪˈmæʤən ðə mɛs ðət livz bɪˈhaɪnd. ðɪs ɪz ɪkˈstrimli ˌənprəˈfɛʃənəl, bɪˈkəz ðɪs ˈdɛskˌtɑp ɛˈsɛnʃəli dɪz nɑt hæv ˈɛni ənˈdu ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti. kənˈkluʒən ðɛr ər ˈsɛvərəl ˈfaɪndɪŋz hir. wən, dɪz nɑt lʊk ər bɪˈheɪv laɪk ˈwɪndoʊz ɪn ˈɛni weɪ, nɔr ɪz ɪt ə ˈsutəbəl rɪˈpleɪsmənt ɛz səʧ, ˈoʊnli ˈwɪʃfəl ˈθɪŋkɪŋ. mɔˈroʊvər, ɪt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn noʊ weɪ suˈpɪriər tɪ ˈjunɪti, bi ɪt ɪkˈspɪriəns, kənˈsɪstənsi ər pərˈfɔrməns. ɪts ˈbəgi, ənd ɪt kəmz wɪθ ə ˈreɪnˌboʊ əv ˈklæʃɪŋ staɪlz ənd ˈprɑbləmz. tu, ðə rɪˈmuvəl ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz ə mɛs. ˈpeɪnfəl, ənd tɪ bi fræŋk, ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl. ɪt ʃʊd nɑt teɪk soʊ məʧ taɪm traɪɪŋ tɪ rɪˈstɔr jʊr ˈdɛskˌtɑp tɪ dɪˈfɔlts. ju gɪt rɪd əv ðə ˈpækɪʤɪz, ənd ðə stəf ɪz stɪl ðɛr. ˈsɪriəsli? wət! æm aɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ˈwɪndoʊz mi? θri, stɪk wɪθ ˈjunɪti, ər ɪf ju doʊnt laɪk ɪt, goʊ fər ər xfce*. bət nɑt ðɪs. aɪ æm ˈrɪli səˈpraɪzd baɪ maɪ tɛst təˈdeɪ. aɪ wɑz ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ səʧ gʊd θɪŋz, ˌɪnˈstɛd aɪ hæd tɪ ˈbætəl frəˈstreɪʃən ənd ˈæŋgər, ənd aɪ ˈweɪstɪd ˈprɛʃəs taɪm traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt rɪd əv ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ʃʊd bi ə ˈsɪmpəl one-liner*. aɪ doʊnt noʊ waɪ ər haʊ, bət aɪ faɪnd tɪ bi ənˈsutəbəl fər deɪ tɪ deɪ juz, ənd aɪ məst ˈkɔʃən ju əˈgɛnst ˈjuzɪŋ ɪt, bɪˈkəz ɪt ˈrɛndərz ˌɪrɪˈvərsəbəl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp, ənd ˈɔltərz ðə lʊk əv ˈəðər ˈdɛskˌtɑps. ənˈtɪl ðə nɛkst taɪm, rɪˈgrɛtfəli jʊrz, dedoimedo*. ʧɪrz.
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ubuntu & ukui desktop - not a good idea
updated: june 12, 2017
when i first read the name of this desktop environment, i thought it was some new political party in the uk. but then i realized it stands for ubuntu kylin user interface. now, this is an unofficial spin of ubuntu, featuring a forked mate-based desktop, previously unity, designed to be an alternative to the default ubuntu experience, created in china, mostly for the local audience, with a distinct windows-like feel. deep breath. that's the lengthy official definition, but does it work?
with zesty zapus testing behind us, with some relatively favorable results and a renaissance in hope, i decided to dedicate a handful of hours testing this new desktop in parallel to unity, this as a precursor to a potential full-blown desktop evaluation. shall we begin?
setup and installation
ukui comes with its own ppa, so once you have that configured, just install the transitional package. the rest will sort itself out. it took a while, i have to say, but then, i had the new desktop at my disposal.
sudo apt-get install ukui-desktop ukui-desktop-environment
it was ukui at first glance
ukui comes with a traditional desktop layout - bottom panel that combines all the bits and pieces. the similarity to windows is minimal, both in the styling as well as behavior, which is why online references to this particular likeness are baffling.
i have to say i wasn't happy with the experience, right away. i tried adding new icons to the quicklaunch area adjacent to the menu button and completely failed doing so. neither did drag & drop from the menu (favorites and all-apps section) nor dragging icons from the desktop work, and only the two existing icons remained there. i found no way to add more.
thou shall not pass! p.s. many icon styles.
the file manager icon uses a style that is different from the system icon theme that i was using (it happens to be moka). i had several desktop icons, which i didn't want to use, but it turns out you cannot delete them. you must disable their visibility using the system setting menu. we have gnome to thank for this. also, the icons were not arranged in a nice way, with vertical spacing that felt either too narrow or too wide but never right.
sidebar stuff. p.s. comes with its own style.
playing with applications, i discovered no less than five distinct styles used in a single desktop, and this is a new record, compared to the results i've found in lxqt. first, most apps use windows 8 like decorations. however, gedit was using some ugly thing that did not conform to anything. it felt vertically stretched, as the window buttons were all wrong, and it was overflowing on both sides by a good few pixels. a similar but ultimately different style is also used for the screenshot tool. i guess we have gnome overrides gone bad. the fourth styling belongs to the ukui settings menu, with colorful, square icons that do not look like anything else in the system. and there's more.
add to desktop, other icons still. it's actually six styles, if we count the file manager.
the settings menu is also problematic, using a style that is again different from everything else, icons and text that do not have a uniform vertical alignment, and categories that are somewhat random and difficult to follow. the standard ubuntu menu offers all the necessary options under a single umbrella. this one was sort of doing that in a convoluted way.
there are still more problems here (at least four), let's see if you can spot them.
inconsistent layout, confusing flow, visual bugs, colorful icon themes.
the menu search functionality is not automatic. you can invoke it, but you cannot just type, you need to focus the cursor into the search box. the apps are listed as either favorites or all, you don't have functionality categories. trying to add shortcuts from the menu only works for the desktop and not for the panel. there's a mix of british and us english definitions, and elements such as the recycle bin, rubbish bin, wastebasket are referred to in a haphazard fashion.
i now have two screen locks, both different visually, both ukui, and both ugly. i have to input my password twice to get back to the desktop, so this is another regression compared to simple, smooth and elegant solution that's part of the default unity setup.
performance was also meh. the desktop was somewhat laggy, which goes against its definition as a lightweight alternative. unity was far more consistent, and also snappier in response overall.
the grub menu has changed - and it read ubuntu kylin. no. sorry. this is wrong. i am using ubuntu with ukui as a test desktop. why would you change it? the same goes to the splash screen, which features a stilted waterflow-like animation. plus, part of the boot process now also had messages displayed on the screen, which had not happened with stock unity.
but the worst part ...
ukui is very intrusive. once i switched back to unity, i realized my desktop had been completely changed. unity had the launcher at the bottom, it had desktop icons, it was using a new theme (yet another), and so forth. i don't mind having multiple environments side by side, but they must not touch one another. if gnome-based solutions cannot co-exist without interfering, then they should not.
i decided to remove ukui at this point, but then the system did not revert back to the original state. i still had ubuntu kylin strings in my lock screen, the welcome screen, which i think is formally known as unity greeter, grub, splash, everything.
at this point, i not only scrubbed the ppa from my apt sources, i had to auto-remove the packages delivered with the desktop (removing just the desktop package is not enough), and this fixed the grub and the splash, but not the rest. with ukui removed from my system, the desktop title is still ubuntu kylin.
is this ubuntu kylin? no. so why do i still see the title?
now, i installed dconf-editor and actually started manipulating different strings, trying to get rid of ukui leftovers. it turns out that ukui changed the defaults and set new ones. furthermore, i even created my own po file for the desktop, and this still did not help, as i guess ukui has left a whole bunch of other changes all over the place. and the kylin string is still there in the desktop title!
i'm hacking my own desktop back to the defaults it's supposed to have. sad.
still there; malicious behavior through lousy implementation.
i am contemplating reinstalling this particular zesty instance because it will take me less time doing that rather than cleaning a half-broken system. this is very, very bad. what are the conditions where you actually need to reinstall a box? rare. so you can imagine the mess that ukui leaves behind. this is extremely unprofessional, because this desktop essentially does not have any undo functionality.
conclusion
there are several findings here. one, ukui does not look or behave like windows in any way, nor is it a suitable replacement as such, only wishful thinking. moreover, it is also in no way superior to unity, be it experience, consistency or performance. it's buggy, and it comes with a rainbow of clashing styles and problems.
two, the removal process is a mess. painful, and to be frank, impossible. it should not take so much time trying to restore your desktop to defaults. you get rid of the packages, and the stuff is still there. seriously? what! am i using windows me?
three, stick with unity, or if you don't like it, go for kde or xfce. but not this. i am really surprised by my test today. i was expecting such good things, instead i had to battle frustration and anger, and i wasted precious time trying to get rid of something that should be a simple one-liner. i don't know why or how, but i find ukui to be unsuitable for day to day use, and i must caution you against using it, because it renders irreversible changes in the desktop, and alters the look of other gnome-based desktops. until the next time, regretfully yours, dedoimedo.
cheers.
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æˈtlæntə ˈæftər ˈɛkstrəˌkeɪtɪŋ ðə mɛts aʊt əv ðə eɪθ ˈɪnɪŋ ˈfraɪˌdeɪ naɪt, lʊkt ˈhæmpərd ɛz hi wɔkt ɔf ðə maʊnd ənd ˈɪntu ðə ˈdəˌgaʊt. wɪn hi əraɪvd, ˈæftər ˈkləʧɪŋ hɪz lɛft lɛg, hi wɑz lʊkt ˈoʊvər baɪ ðə mɛts ˈkoʊʧɪŋ stæf. waɪl mɛts ˈmænɪʤər ˈtɛri ˈkɑlɪnz sɪz ðət ɪt wɑz ʤɪst ə kræmp fər ənd hi ɪz "ˈoʊˈkeɪ," ðə ˈkloʊzər sɛd ðət hi wɪl bi əˈneɪbəl tɪ pɪʧ fər ðə nɛkst deɪ ər tu. hɪz lɛft grɔɪn, hi sɪz, ɪz "taɪt." bət hi, tu, sɛd hi ɪz "ˈoʊˈkeɪ." fɛlt ðə ˈtaɪtnəs ɔn hɪz læst tu ˈpɪʧɪz əv ðə ˈɪnɪŋ. naʊ fər pəˈtɛnʃəli ə fju deɪz ðə mɛts wɪl hæv tɪ goʊ wɪˈθaʊt ðɛr dɪˈpɛndəbəl ɑrm ɪn ðə naɪnθ ˈɪnɪŋ. ɪt ɪz əˈnəðər dɪŋ fər ə kləb ɔˈrɛdi lɔŋ ɔn ˈɪnʤəriz ðɪs ˈsizən. rɪˈleɪtɪd: ðə ki tɪ mɛts' ˈmaɪkəl səkˈsɛs? ə lɔt əv paɪn tɑr maɪk meɪ bi riʧt æt mvorkunov@njadvancemedia.com*. ˈfɑloʊ ɪm ɔn tˈwɪtər @mike_vorkunov*. faɪnd mɛts ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk.
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atlanta — after extricating the mets out of the eighth inning friday night, jeurys familia looked hampered as he walked off the mound and into the dugout. when he arrived, after clutching his left leg, he was looked over by the mets coaching staff.
while mets manager terry collins says that it was just a cramp for familia and he is "ok," the closer said that he will be unable to pitch for the next day or two. his left groin, he says, is "tight."
but he, too, said he is "ok."
familia felt the tightness on his last two pitches of the inning.
now for potentially a few days the mets will have to go without their dependable arm in the ninth inning.
it is another ding for a club already long on injuries this season.
related: the key to mets' michael cuddyer's success? a lot of pine tar
mike vorkunov may be reached at mvorkunov@njadvancemedia.com. follow him on twitter @mike_vorkunov. find nj.com mets on facebook.
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noʊ wən wɔnts tɪ saʊnd laɪk ðɛr ˈʤəʤɪŋ ˈsəmˌwən ɛls ənd ðɛr ˈʧɔɪsɪz, ənd wɪr ˈsərtənli nɑt ˈpɔɪntɪŋ ˈɛni ˈfɪŋgərz æt ˈsoʊfi ˈtænər. bət stɪl, æt fərst hər dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˈmɛri hərˈsɛlf dɪz gɪv ðə ˌɪmˈprɛʃən əv ˈhævɪŋ bɪn ˈteɪkən ɔn ðə rɔŋ saɪd əv θri ˈbɑtəlz əv waɪn. ɪt ɪz ə θɪŋ ðoʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl hæv plɛʤd ðɛmˈsɛlvz tɪ ðɛmˈsɛlvz, soʊ ðət ðeɪ kən ləv ənd rɪˈspɛkt ˈəðərz ɪn ðə 'kərˈɛkt' weɪ. ɪts kɔld 'sologamy*', ənd ɪts səˈpɔrtərz kleɪm ɪt lidz tɪ ə ˈhæpiər laɪf. soʊ ðɛr ɪz ə ˈrizən tɪ ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr raɪm. ˈtænər ˈmɛrid hərˈsɛlf bæk ɪn 2015 ənd həz ˈnɛvər lʊkt bæk, ˌɔlˈðoʊ həz sɪns ˈʧitɪd ɔn hərˈsɛlf, ənd naʊ ʃiz əˈpɪrd ɔn ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt hər riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp ənd ɪts ˈbɛnəfɪts. ˈkrɛdɪt: ˈmɔrnɪŋ ʃi ədˈmɪts ðət ɪt ˈdəzənt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ɪkˈsklud hər frəm ˈɛvər ˈhævɪŋ sɛks ər biɪŋ ˈɪnɪmət wɪθ əˈnəðər ˈpərsən əˈgɛn, bət ˌɪnˈstɛd ɪz ʤɪst ə minz əv rɪˈʤɛktɪŋ bæd riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps. ˈtænər 'ˈʧitɪd' ɔn hərˈsɛlf wɪθ ə ˈbɛrɪt, ə ˈpræktɪsɪŋ ˈsəmˌwən hu ˈɛnərz ˈɪnɪmət riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps wɪθ mɔr ðən wən ˈpɑrtnər ˈhævɪŋ ə məˈnɑgəməs riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ hər. ðeɪ ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli splɪt ˈæftər faɪv mənθs, wɪθ ˈwɑnɪŋ tɪ deɪt mɔr ðən wən ˈwʊmən əˈgɛn ənd ˈsoʊfi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪŋ ʃi dɪˈzərvd ˈbɛtər. ɪz ðə ˈhəniˌmun ˈoʊvər fər ðə ˈwʊmən hu ˈmɛrid hərˈsɛlf? :ˈwɛdɪŋ: wɪr ˈʧætɪŋ naʊ tɪ ˈsoʊfi ˈtænər hu ˈmɛrid hərˈsɛlf ðɛn hæd ən əˈfɛr! ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ (@thismorning*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 24 2017 ˈspikɪŋ tɪ əˈmændə ˈhoʊldən, ʃi sɛd: ɪz əˈbaʊt. ɪts seɪɪŋ ðət ənd ɪz ɛz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɛz roʊˈmæntɪk riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps. "ɪt ˈdəzənt min jʊr rɪˈʤɛktɪŋ ɔl ˈəðər ˈminɪŋfəl riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps ɪn jʊr laɪf ənd bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə nən fərˈɛvər mɔr. ɪt minz jʊr rɪˈʤɛktɪŋ bæd riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps. "ɪf ˈoʊnli ðɛr wɑz mɔr ɪn ðə wərld, wi ˈwʊdənt nid ˈsɛrəˌmoʊniz laɪk ðɪs. "ðɪs ɪz ə ˈsteɪtmənt wɪʧ lʊks tɪ reɪz ðə ˈproʊˌfaɪl əv, seɪɪŋ ɪts ɛz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɛz roʊˈmæntɪk ləv ənd duɪŋ ɪt ɛz ə ˈfɔrməl ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni ɛz ˈɛniˌwən ɛls wʊd hæv ə ˈwɛdɪŋ. "ˈmɛriɪŋ ˈjɔrsɛlf ɪz ə ˈlaɪˈflɔŋ kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ bi riˈspɑnsəbəl fər jʊr oʊn ˈhæpinəs, soʊ dɪˈvɔrs ɪz nɑt ən ˈɔpʃən." ˈkrɛdɪt: ˈmɔrnɪŋ ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd hɪmˈsɛlf tɪ ðə seɪm kɔz ənd ˈmɛrid hɪmˈsɛlf, prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt əv əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd hɪz ˈfɔrmər fleɪm. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə sɛlf ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, 85 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə wərldz ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ər əˈfɛktɪd baɪ læk əv, wɪθ ˈdɑktər ʤoʊ ˈrubɪn rɪˈvilɪŋ ðət ɪts ə 'faʊnˈdeɪʃənəl ˈfæktər ɪn ˈmɛni səˈsaɪɪtəl ˈɪʃuz'. ˈfiʧərd ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkrɛdɪt: ˈmɔrnɪŋ
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no one wants to sound like they're judging someone else and their choices, and we're certainly not pointing any condemnatory fingers at sophie tanner. but still, at first her decision to marry herself does give the impression of having been taken on the wrong side of three bottles of wine.
it is a thing though - many people have pledged themselves to themselves, so that they can love and respect others in the 'correct' way. it's called 'sologamy', and its supporters claim it leads to a happier life. so there is a reason to this particular rhyme.
tanner married herself back in 2015 and has never looked back, although has since cheated on herself, and now she's appeared on this morning to talk about her relationship and its benefits.
credit: itv/this morning
she admits that it doesn't necessarily exclude her from ever having sex or being intimate with another person again, but instead is just a means of rejecting bad relationships.
tanner 'cheated' on herself with a ruari barrett, a practicing polyamorist - someone who enters intimate relationships with more than one partner - having a monogamous relationship with her.
they eventually split after five months, with ruari wanting to date more than one woman again and sophie deciding she deserved better.
is the honeymoon over for the woman who married herself? :wedding: we're chatting now to sophie tanner who married herself - then had an affair!
- this morning (@thismorning) october 24, 2017
speaking to amanda holden, she said: "self-marriage is about self-love. it's saying that self-compassion and self-care is as important as romantic relationships.
"it doesn't mean you're rejecting all other meaningful relationships in your life and becoming a nun forever more. it means you're rejecting bad relationships.
"if only there was more self-love in the world, we wouldn't need ceremonies like this.
"this is a statement which looks to raise the profile of self-love, saying it's as important as romantic love and doing it as a formal ceremony as anyone else would have a wedding.
"marrying yourself is a lifelong commitment to be responsible for your own happiness, so divorce is not an option."
credit: itv/this morning
eventually ruari dedicated himself to the same cause and married himself, promoting the concept of self-love alongside his former flame.
according to the self esteem-system website, 85 percent of the world's population are affected by lack of self-compassion, with dr joe rubin revealing that it's a 'foundational factor in many societal issues'.
featured imageit: itv/this morning
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ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈdeɪnə ˌməntriˈɔl boʊsts ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˈnəmbər əv ˈrɛˌstrɑnts pər ˈkæpɪtə ɪn ˈkænədə ənd ˈsɛkənd haɪəst ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. wi ˈɔlsoʊ lɛd ðə ˈneɪʃən ɪn ðə ˈævərɪʤ əv ˈdaɪnɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ɔn ə ˈmənθli ˈbeɪsɪs. noʊ dɪˈnaɪɪŋ ˌməntriˈɔlərz ləv ðɛr restos*. bət fər ˈɛvəri ˈdaɪnɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns wi hæv, wi fərˈgɛt ðɛrz ə hoʊl bɪˈhaɪnd ðə sinz wərld ˈəntu ˌɪtˈsɛlf ðət meɪd ɪt ˈpɑsəbəl. ðɪs wʊd bi ðə ˈsərvɪs ˈɪndəstri. ənd ʤɪst laɪk ɪn ðə ˌaɪˈkɑnɪk ˈmuvi ˈweɪtɪŋ, fər ˈɛvəri 10 ˈfrɛndli ənd rɪˈspɛktfəl ˈkəstəmərz ðɛr ɪz wən ðət meɪks ju wɔnt tɪ pənʧ feɪs. nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ðə ˈdeɪtuˌdeɪ ˌriˈæləˌtiz əv ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ðɪs ˈbɪznɪs. ðiz ər ʤɪst ə fju əv ðə ˈstrəgəlz əv ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsərvɪs ˈɪndəstri ɪn ˌməntriˈɔl. 1 ðə ˌɪnˈvərtɪd ʃɪft wərk gɪt juzd tɪ ˈwərkɪŋ ˈɛvəri ˈmænər əv ɪˈvɛnt frəm tɪ ðə hæbz pleɪɔfs ˈsizən ˈlɪtərəli ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ ˈhæpənɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsɪti ju kən ˌgɛrənˈti jul bi ˈwɑʧɪŋ θru ðə taɪərd aɪz əv ə ˈsərvər hu ˈoʊnli wɛnt tɪ bɛd æt 6am*. ənd fərˈgɛt jʊr frɛndz hu wərk ənd ˈpɑrti ˈθərzˌdeɪ ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ. ɪn ðə ˈɪndəstri ˈrɛdi tɪ reɪʤ ˈsənˌdi -ˈtuzˌdeɪ. bət ˌoʊˈkeɪ, meɪk nu frɛndz. hæv tɪ. bɪˈkəz ðə ˈoʊnli ˈpipəl aʊt ˌbiˈsaɪdz ˈpipəl ˈwərkɪŋ ðə bɑr sin, ər ˈkripi ˈəŋkəl bɑb koʊ. bɪn ɔn ə ˈprɪti ˈstɛdi ˈbɛndər sɪns 1999 2 ðə ˈheɪtrəd əˈgɛnst juˈmænɪti fʊl dɪˈskloʊʒər, ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsərvɪs ˈɪndəstri wɪl meɪk ju groʊ tɪ heɪt ɔl ˈpipəl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli. nɑt fərˈɛvər, ʤɪst brif spərts əv heɪt. ə spərt hir, ən əˈsɔlt ʧɑrʤ ðɛr. ˈtoʊtəli ˈnɔrməl. ə ˈmɪksʧər əv ðə ˈstrɛsfəl ˈætməsˌfɪr, lɔŋ aʊərz, ənd rɪkˈwaɪrmənt tɪ ˌɪnˈdəlʤ ðə wɪmz əv ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl ˈpərsən noʊ ˈmætər haʊ rɪˈdɪkjələs. ju wɔnt aɪs kjubz wɪθ noʊ ˈbəbəlz ɪn ðɛm? noʊ ˈprɑbləm. ju ˈdɪdənt noʊ ðət ˈbərgər hæd mit ɪn ɪt? aɪl hæv ðə ʃɛf wɪp ju əp ˈsəmθɪŋ lɛs kənfˈjuzɪŋ. ˈɔlsoʊ ðə tɪps. laɪk ə ˈnaɪtli ˈreɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm əv haʊ ju ˈmɛʒər ɛz ə ˈpərsən. ənd ɔn ðoʊz naɪts wɪn ju wərkt 9 aʊərz streɪt wɪˈθaʊt ˈivɪn soʊ məʧ ɛz ə ˈbæθˌrum breɪk, smaɪld soʊ məʧ jʊr ʧiks hərt, ənd meɪd ˈbɛrli ɪˈnəf ˈməni tɪ ˈkəvər jʊr ˈubər raɪd hoʊm, ɪts ˈnɔrməl ðət sidz əv heɪt əˈgɛnst juˈmænɪti ər ˈplænɪd dip wɪˈθɪn jʊr soʊl. 3 ðə ˈtʊrɪsts ɪn ˌməntriˈɔl ˈpipəl ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsərvɪs ˈɪndəstri meɪk lɛs ðən ˈmɪnəməm weɪʤ ənd tɪp aʊt, wɪʧ minz ðeɪ peɪ ə pərˈsɛnɪʤ əv ðɛr seɪlz tɪ ðə ˈrɛˌstrɑnt ənd ɪts ɪmˈplɔɪiz. ɪf ju tɪp ðɛn jʊr mil ɪz ˈkɔstɪŋ ðɛm. ənd aɪ gɪt ɪt, ə ˈkəlʧərəl θɪŋ, ðeɪ tɪp ɪn jʊr ˈkəntri. bət lərn ðə rulz əv ðə roʊd ˈbədi! wi kəm tɪ jʊr ˈkəntri ənd traɪ tɪ ˌɪmˈpɑrt ɑr ˌməntriˈɔl ˈhæbəts ɔn ju. wi ɪnˈkərəʤ ju tɪ rɪˈspɛkt iʧ ˈdɪfərənsɪz, hæv lɑts əv sɛks, smoʊk laɪk ɪts goʊɪŋ aʊt əv staɪl, ənd ˈpɑrti laɪk ðə ˈroʊlɪŋ stoʊnz ˈsərkə 1970 wɛl, ˈmeɪbi wi du wət wi wɔnt. rəˈgɑrdləs, tɪp ər gɪt ɔf ðə pɑt. 4 ðə ˈpipəl ðət meɪk ˈstupɪd ʤoʊks noʊ ju ˈkænɑt sɪt ɪn ðə sˈmoʊkɪŋ ˈsɛkʃən. 5 ðə ˈɛndləs ˈbæʧələr ˈpɑrtiz ðeɪ wɔk ɪn ɔf əv ˈkrɛsənt wɪθ ðɛr bloʊ əp sɛks dɑlz, ənd ðə grum hu həz ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl bɔl ənd ʧeɪn əraʊnd hɪz ˈæŋkəl. ɪn taʊn frəm wən əv ðə ˈistərn steɪts, ənd jɛs ˈsəmˈwət ˈʧɑrmɪŋ wɪn, ju noʊ, ðeɪ biɪŋ bəˈlɪʤərənt ənd əbˈsin. ʃʊd wi goʊ tonight”*” ɪz jʊr kju tɪ tɛl ðɛm ɪgˈzæktli haʊ fɑr əˈweɪ ðə ˈnɪrəst strɪp ʤɔɪnt ɪz. du ju hæv aɪz sər? pliz ʤɪst goʊ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ənd ˈoʊpən ðɛm ənd ju wɪl faɪnd ðə strɪp kləb. ɪn səm weɪz ðɛr ðə aɪˈdil ˈkəstəmərz; ðeɪ ʤoʊk əraʊnd, ðeɪ ˈɔrdər ˈsɪmpəl mit ənd fraɪ ˈdɪʃɪz, ənd ðeɪ tɪp wɛl. gɑd blɛs əˈmɛrɪkə. ˈoʊnli ðə æs smæk ðət ju kən kəmˈpleɪn əˈbaʊt ɛz ə ˈsərvər, ənd ˈrɪli, soʊ lɔŋ ɛz nɑt ˈkɛriɪŋ ə treɪ fʊl əv drɪŋks, ðə hɑrm? ʤɪst ˈkɪdɪŋ! təʧ mi ənd aɪ wɪl kræk ju ɪn ðə ʤɔ. noʊ, ju fərˈgɑtən. ˈprɪti hɑrd nɑt tɪ rɪˈmɛmbər ðə grup əv tɛn ˈdrəŋkən ˈleɪdiz ɪn ðɛr niɑn grin ˈliəˌtɑrd ˈaʊtˌfɪts ənd ˈblæˌkaʊt bridezilla*. noʊ nid tɪ ʃrik, jʊr sˈlɪpəri ˈnɪpəl ʃɑts ər ɔn ðə weɪ. 6 ðə ˈfæməliz wi gɪt ɪt. spɛnt ɔl wik kupt əp ɪn ðə haʊs wɪθ ðiz ˈænəməlz ju kɔl ˈʧɪldrən ənd wɔnt tɪ ʃoʊ soʊˈsaɪɪti wət ə ˈhæpi ˈfəŋkʃənɪŋ ˈfæməli ju ər. bət ju ər ɪn ˈpəblɪk naʊ. ɪf ðət ˈpɪkəld ˈeɪliən ju kip rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ɛz ə ˈbeɪbi kraɪz wən mɔr waɪl ju sɪt ðɛr laɪk ðə moʊst ˈnɔrməl saʊnd ɪn ðə wərld aɪ wɪl goʊ fʊl ˈræmboʊ ɔn ju. ənd stɑp ˈɔrdərɪŋ θɪŋz ðət ɔn ðə ˈmɛnju. noʊ wi du nɑt hæv ə ˈpɔrʃən əv ðə nu jɔrk steɪk! 7 ðə ˈwɔtər ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈdɪnər rəʃ, wi ər ɪn ðə ʤus ənd ˌɔlˈðoʊ jʊr əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈdaɪʤɛst ðət glæs əv ˈwɔtər ˈpɑrtɪkəl baɪ ˈpɑrtɪkəl ɪz ˈsəmˈwət ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv, wi ər hir tɪ flɪp ˈteɪbəlz. goʊ goʊ goʊ! 8 ðə smɔl ˈtɪpərz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈbɛtər nɑt tɪ tɪp ðən tɪ gɪv ðə ˈweɪtrəs hu həz ˈoʊvər ju fər ðə pæst tu aʊərz waɪl ˈmænəʤɪŋ ə ˈsɛkʃən əv eɪt ˈəðər ˈteɪbəlz ðə ˈdɔlər ju faʊnd ɪn jʊr bæk ˈpɑkət. ðət smɔl tɪp sɪz ˈriəˌlaɪz ˈtɪpɪŋ ɪz ə θɪŋ səˈpoʊzd tɪ du, bət ʤɪst nɑt wərθ ðə ˈstændərd dɪˈgreɪdɪŋ. ɪf ðə ˈsərvɪs wɑz bæd, wən θɪŋ. bət ənˈlɛs jʊr soʊ pur ðət ju hæd tɪ swɪʧ jʊr ˈtuθˌpeɪst fər ə mɪnt ˈfleɪvərd ərb ju stoʊl frəm jʊr ˈneɪbərz ˈgɑrdən ðɛn stɪl nɑt ən ɪkˈskjuz. ɪf ju əˈfɔrd ˈtɪpɪŋ, ju əˈfɔrd goʊɪŋ tɪ ə restaurant/bar*. sɛst taʊt. ənd ɪf jʊr ˈjuzɪŋ ə groupon*, jʊr tɪp ɪz nɑt beɪst ɔn ðə kɔst əv jʊr mil ˈæftər ðə ˈdɪskaʊnt. ɪf ju baɪ ə pɛr əv ʃuz ɔn seɪl ju teɪk ʤɪst wən ʃu, du ju? 9 ðə aɪ wɔnt tɪ bi rud bət [ˌɪnˈsərt rud ˈkɑmɛnt hir] wi wɔnt ju tɪ bi rud ˈiðər. soʊ pliz ʤɪst ɛnd jʊr ˈkɑmɛnt ðɛr. ɪf wi fərˈgɑt ˈsəmθɪŋ, ər ju wʊd laɪk tɪ æsk ˈjuˈɛs fər ˈsəmθɪŋ, ʤɪst du soʊ ɪn ə kaɪnd ənd rɪˈspɛktfəl weɪ. 10 ðə ˈpipəl ju ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈmərdərd ˈdæmɪt. ju sɛd ju wɔnt ˈɛni təˈmɑtoʊz. ju feɪld tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ðɪs wɑz ə ˈdɛdli ˈælərʤi. naʊ ju ər dɛd. ər ju ˈhæpi naʊ?
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photo cred - dana
montreal boasts the largest number of restaurants per capita in canada and second highest in north america. we also lead the nation in the average of full-service dining experiences on a monthly basis. no denying montrealers love their restos. but for every dining experience we have, we forget there's a whole behind the scenes world unto itself that made it possible.
this would be the service industry. and just like in the iconic movie waiting, for every 10 friendly and respectful customers there is one that makes you want to punch face. not to mention the day-to-day realities of working in this business.
these are just a few of the struggles of working in the service industry in montreal.
1. the inverted shift work
get used to working every manner of event from grandprix to the habs playoffs season - literally anything exciting happening in the city you can guarantee you'll be watching through the tired eyes of a server who only went to bed at 6am. and forget your friends who work 9-5 and party thursday - saturday. in the industry ready to rage sunday -tuesday. but okay, you’ll make new friends. you’ll have to. because the only people out besides people working the bar scene, are creepy uncle bob & co. who’ve been on a pretty steady bender since 1999.
2. the hatred against humanity
full disclosure, working in the service industry will make you grow to hate all people eventually. not forever, just brief spurts of hate. a spurt here, an assault charge there. totally normal. a mixture of the stressful atmosphere, long hours, and requirement to indulge the whims of every single person no matter how ridiculous. you want ice cubes with no bubbles in them? no problem. you didn't know that burger had meat in it? i'll have the chef whip you up something less confusing.
also the tips. they’re like a nightly rating system of how you measure as a person. and on those nights when you worked 9 hours straight without even so much as a bathroom break, smiled so much your cheeks hurt, and made barely enough money to cover your uber ride home, it's normal that seeds of hate against humanity are planted deep within your soul.
3. the tourists
in montreal people working in the service industry make less than minimum wage and tip out, which means they pay a percentage of their sales to the restaurant and its employees. if you tip then your meal is costing them. and i get it, a cultural thing, they tip in your country. but learn the rules of the road buddy! we come to your country and try to impart our montreal habits on you. we encourage you to respect each other’s differences, have lots of sex, smoke like it's going out of style, and party like the rolling stones circa 1970. well, maybe sometimes…often…okay we do what we want. regardless, tip or get off the pot.
4. the people that make stupid jokes
no you cannot sit in the smoking section.
5. the endless bachelor parties
they walk in off of crescent with their blow up sex dolls, and the groom who has the traditional ball and chain around his ankle. they’re in town from one of the eastern states, and yes somewhat charming when, you know, they being belligerent and obscene. “where should we go tonight” is your cue to tell them exactly how far away the nearest strip joint is. do you have eyes sir? please just go outside and open them and you will find the strip club. in some ways they're the ideal customers; they joke around, they order simple meat and fry dishes, and they tip well. god bless america. only the ass smack that you can complain about as a server, and really, so long as not carrying a tray full of drinks, what’s the harm? just kidding! touch me and i will crack you in the jaw.
no, bachelorettes you weren’t forgotten. pretty hard not to remember the group of ten drunken ladies in their neon green leotard outfits and blackout bridezilla. no need to shriek, your slippery nipple shots are on the way.
6. the families
we get it. you’ve spent all week cooped up in the house with these animals you call children and want to show society what a happy functioning family you are. but you are in public now. if that pickled alien you keep referring to as a baby cries one more while you sit there like the most normal sound in the world i will go full rambo on you. and stop ordering things that on the menu. no we do not have a child’s portion of the new york steak!
7. the water sippers
this is the dinner rush, we are in the juice and although your ability to digest that glass of water particle by particle is somewhat impressive, we are here to flip tables. go go go!
8. the small tippers
it’s almost better not to tip than to give the waitress who has slaved over you for the past two hours while managing a section of eight other tables the dollar you found in your back pocket. that small tip says “i realize tipping is a thing supposed to do, but just not worth the standard 15%.” degrading. if the service was bad, one thing. but unless you're so poor that you had to switch your toothpaste for a mint flavored herb you stole from your neighbours garden then still not an excuse. if you afford tipping, you afford going to a restaurant/bar. c'est tout.
and if you're using a groupon, your tip is not based on the cost of your meal after the discount. if you buy a pair of shoes on sale you take just one shoe, do you?
9. the i want to be rude but [insert rude comment here]
we want you to be rude either. so please just end your comment there. if we forgot something, or you would like to ask us for something, just do so in a kind and respectful way.
10. the people you almost murdered
dammit. you said you want any tomatoes. you failed to mention this was a deadly allergy. now you are dead. are you happy now?
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ardie* ˈfukwə ɪz ˈwərid ðət bɪn tu ˈfəni. gɪt tu ˈmɛni læfs, dɪd i?”*?” hi æsks, sˈlaɪdɪŋ ˈɪntu ə sit nɛkst tɪ mi ɪn ðə bæk roʊ. hi həz ʤɪst ˈfɪnɪʃt ə sɛt æt ɔn ˈbrɔdˌweɪ, ðə ˈkɑmədi kləb stɛps frəm taɪmz skwɛr, wɛr hi ɪz ˈoʊpənɪŋ ˈtreɪsi ˈlaɪˌnəp əv ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ ˈwiˌkɪnd ʃoʊz. ðə saʊnd əv əˈplɔz ɪz stɪl ˈrɪŋɪŋ θruaʊt ðə kləb, ənd ɪz ˈvɪzəbli aʊt əv brɛθ, hɪz ˈfɔrhɛd drɛnʧt ɪn swɛt frəm ðə hit əv ðə ˈspɑˌtlaɪts. ˈizi tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd waɪ ˈoʊvərˈʃædoʊɪŋ ˈtreɪsi wʊd nɑt bi ɔn tɪ du lɪst. ðɪs ɪz wən əv ðɛr fərst pərˈfɔrmənsɪz təˈgɛðər, ənd ɛz ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ ækt, ən ənˈspoʊkən rul ðət wən dɪz nɑt ˈaʊˌʧaɪn ðə ˈhɛˌdlaɪnər., ðə ˈsizənd haɪp mæn, ɪz əˈwɛr əv hɪz pleɪs ɪn ðə ˈpɛkɪŋ ˈɔrdər. ʤɪst hir tɪ meɪk ðə kraʊd happy,”*,” hi sɪz. θruaʊt ðə naɪt, ˈdutifəli pleɪz ðə roʊl əv right-hand-man*, ˈʧætɪŋ wɪθ ˈtreɪsi, ˈlæfɪŋ æt hɪz ʤoʊks ənd ˈflæʃɪŋ bɪg, ˌsɪkəˈfæntɪk smaɪlz hɪz weɪ. bət wɪn ˈtreɪsi ɪz aʊt əv ˈɪrˌʃɑt, deflates*, ɛz ɪf ðə fɔrs ðət prəˈpɛlz ɪm soʊ əˈkrɔs ðə steɪʤ hæd bɪn snəft aʊt. aɪ æsk ɪf ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt ðə ʃoʊ, ənd hi ʃrəgz mi ɔf, ɛz hi ˈɔfən dɪz wɪn kˈwɛsʧənd: kɛr. ɪt ˈmætər. ʤɪst ə show.”*.” ənd ðɛn, ˈleɪtər, ɛz wi ˈveɪkeɪt ðə grin rum tɪ meɪk weɪ fər ˈtreɪsi ənd hɪz ˌɑntʊˈrɑʒ: wən ˈpərsən ɪz hir tɪ si me.”*.” ˈwɑʧɪŋ pərˈfɔrm, wən wʊd ˈnɛvər θɪŋk ɪm ˈkeɪpəbəl əv səʧ ˈmɛlənˌkɑli. wən əv ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv æt ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛlər, ðə oʊld ˈgrɛnɪʧ ˈvɪlɪʤ ˈstænˌdəp ˈhɑtˌspɑt ðət həz sərvd ɛz ə ˈbridɪŋ graʊnd fər ˈmɛni əv ðə tɔp ˈkɑmɪks, hɪz ʤɑb tɪ kip ˈpipəl ˈhæpi, ˈivɪn ɪf ðə ˈhɛˌdlaɪnərz ʃʊd kræʃ ənd bərn. ənd jɪrz əv ˈpræktɪs hæv tɔt ðə oʊld ˈkɑmɪk haʊ tɪ kip ən ˈɔdiəns ˈhæpi. drɛst ˈʃɑrpli, hɪz sˈlɛndər freɪm ˌɪmˈpɛkəbli ˈaʊtˌfɪtɪd wɪθ ˈbleɪzərz ənd pləkt streɪt frəm ðə ˈpeɪʤɪz əv gq*, straɪdz ənd baʊndz əˈkrɔs ðə steɪʤ, ˈbæntərɪŋ wɪθ ðə kraʊd ənd ˈrɪpɪŋ ɔn ˈdɪfərənt ˈɔdiəns ˈmɛmbərz ləvd ju ɔn ril ˈhaʊsˌwaɪvz əv atlanta,”*,” hi ʃaʊts tɪ wən ˈtæki, ˈmɪdəˌleɪgd blɑnd ənd ˈwɪnɪŋ hɑrts baɪ ˈflæʃɪŋ hɪz ˈtreɪdˌmɑrk, grɪn. ɪn frənt əv ðə kraʊd, ɪz ˈfɪrləs, ənd ɪt ɪz ðɪs ˈsimɪŋ ˌɪnˌvɪnsəˈbɪlɪti ðət meɪks ɪm səʧ ə səkˈsɛsfəl ˈoʊpənɪŋ ækt. waɪl ˈəðər ˈkɑmɪks rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ðə ˈɛmˈsi tɪ wɔrm əp ðə rum, həz ˈnɛvər bɪn əˈfreɪd əv wət ðə ˈɔdiəns θɪŋks. aɪ goʊ ɔn steɪʤ, aɪ du ˌwəˈtɛvər aɪ wɔnt. nɑt əˈfreɪd əv ðə crowd,”*,” hi sɪz. kɛr ɪf ðeɪ bud ɔl ðə ˈkɑmɪks ənd ər ˈhoʊldɪŋ ˈraɪfəlz. aɪ care.”*.” hɪz ˈkɑnfədɛns kʊd bi mɪˈsteɪkən fər ˈkɑkinəs, ər pərˈhæps ˈmɪrli ðə iz ðət kəmz wɪθ jɪrz əv ˈpræktɪs. ənd jɛt ɪt simz ðət, ɪn ðə snəg ˈbraɪtnəs əv ðə ˈspɑˌtlaɪts, ˈtruli dɪz fil seɪf. ˌɑnˈsteɪʤ, hi kənˈtroʊlz ðə rum. ˈkɑmədi, fər ɔl ɪts kəmˈplɛksɪtiz, həz ə ˈbaɪnəˌri ˈaʊtˌkəm, ˈsaɪləns ər ˈlæftər, ənd ɪz ə ˈmæstər əv ðə saɪəns əv ˈhjumər. hi noʊz wət tɪ ɪkˈspɛkt. wəns hi livz ðə steɪʤ ðət laɪf, wɪθ ɪts kruəl twɪsts ənd tərnz, kən gɪt ˈskɛri. ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə jɪr əˈgoʊ, ɔn meɪ 12th*, 2012 sən wɛnt aʊt tɪ pleɪ ˈbæskətˌbɔl wɪθ frɛndz. wɑz ən æθˈlɛtɪk, ˈpɑpjələr bɔɪ wɪθ ˈhænsəm ˈfiʧərz, ðə ˈstraɪkɪŋ ʤəˈnɛtɪk ˈmɪksʧər əv hɪz blæk ˈfɑðər ənd ˈɪndiən ˈməðər. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə geɪm, hi wɑz ˈfeɪtəli ˈɪnʤərd ˈæftər ˈteɪkɪŋ ən ˈɛlˌboʊ tɪ ðə hɑrt. hi wɑz hɪt, sɪz, raɪt æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt hɪz hɑrt skɪpt ə bit, ˈsɛndɪŋ ɪm ɪn tɪ ʃɑk. hi daɪd ɪn ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ˈleɪtər ðət deɪ. laɪk ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt haʊ hɪz sən daɪd, pərˈhæps bɪˈkəz stɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk sɛns əv ˈsəmθɪŋ ənˈfæðəməbəl, haʊ səʧ ə mənˈdeɪn ˈbæskətˌbɔl ˈɪnʤəri kʊd hæv səʧ ˌənfɔrˈsiəbəl ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz. wət wɑz soʊ ˈdɪfərənt əˈbaʊt ðɪs geɪm frəm ðə ˈmɪljənz əv ˈəðərz pleɪd iʧ deɪ? wət meɪd ðɪs ˈɛlˌboʊ soʊ ˈfɔrsfəl, ðɪs kəˈlɪʒən soʊ ˈfeɪtəl? waɪ ɪn ðɪs dɪd ðə hɑrt dɪˈvərt frəm ɪts ˈjuʒəwəl, ˈsislɪs ˈrɪðəm? fər ðə rɛst əv hɪz laɪf, wɪl ˈwəndər wɛr gɑd wɑz ɔn ðət deɪ. ənd wər ɪkˈstrimli kloʊz, ənd hɪz ˈpæsɪŋ tərnd laɪf ˈəpˈsaɪd daʊn. həz ə ˈdɔtər tu, frəm əˈnəðər riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp, bət ʃi wɑz reɪzd baɪ hər ˈməðər. baɪ ɔl əˈkaʊnts, wɑz hɪz hoʊl wərld. naʊ ɪz feɪst wɪθ ˈhævɪŋ tɪ pɪk əp ðə ˈpisɪz əv hɪz laɪf, waɪl stɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk ɪt ɪn ən ˈɪndəstri ðət ɪz ˈhoʊpləsli kruəl ɔn ɪts bɛst deɪz. ɪn hɪz vju, hi hæv ə ʧɔɪs. ləv pərˈfɔrmɪŋ. ɔl aɪ gɑt. aɪ hæv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɛls. aɪ hæv anything,”*,” sɪz. gɑt tɪ meɪk ðɪs wərk. ənd nɑt ˈivɪn ðət aɪ wɔnt tɪ meɪk ɪt wərk, ʤɪst goʊɪŋ tɪ wərk kɔz aɪ seɪ ɪts goʊɪŋ tɪ work.”*.” ˈfukwə gru əp ɪn ˈʤərzi ˈsɪti, nu ˈʤərzi, ɛz pɑrt əv ə lɑrʤ, ˈfæməli. hɪz ˈfɑðər wərks ɪn ˈprɑpərti dɪˈvɛləpmənt waɪl hɪz ˈməðər ənd ˈsɪstər oʊn ə ʧeɪn əv ˈpriˌskulz ɪn ˈʤərzi ˈsɪti. wərk ˈrɪli hɑrd. ðeɪ ər ˈvɛri pərˈdəktɪv, ˈpɑzətɪv people,”*,” ɪkˈspleɪnz, hu əˈtrɪˌbjuts hɪz wərk ˈɛθɪk ənd ˈpɑzətɪv ˈaʊˌtlʊk tɪ ðə ɪgˈzæmpəl sɛt baɪ hɪz ˈfæməli. gɪt ðət frəm maɪ ˈpɛrənts, ðət rɪˈzɪljənsi ənd riˈsɔrsfəlnəs. noʊ ˈmætər wət ˈhæpənz ju faɪnd ə weɪ tɪ meɪk ɪt work.”*.” bət groʊɪŋ əp ɛz pɑrt əv ə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəli səkˈsɛsfəl ˈfæməli ɪn ə pur ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, hæd tɪ ˈtəfən əp kˈwɪkli. wɑz ˈtɑrgətɪd baɪ ə lɔt əv ˈbʊliz. soʊ aɪ bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈbʊli ˈkɪlər, wɛr aɪ bɪˈgæn tɪ pɪk faɪts wɪθ ˈpipəl məʧ ˈbɪgər ðən me,”*,” hi sɪz. waɪl hi ˈrɛrli pɪks faɪts ˈnaʊəˌdeɪz, hi ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ɔn ðə dɪˈfɛnsɪv: ˈɔlˌweɪz ɪn maɪ mɛnˈtælɪti. aɪ ˈnɛvər ˈhɛzəˌteɪt, ʤɪst, goʊ raɪt now.”*.” ˈivɪn ˌbiˈfɔr ðə dɛθ əv hɪz sən, laɪf wɑz nɑt ˈizi fər. hi əp hard,”*,” ənd həz feɪst hɪz ʃɛr əv ædˈvərsɪˌti ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz, frəm dɛθs ɪn ðə ˈfæməli tɪ ˈstrəgəlz wɪθ ˈælkəˌhɔˌlɪzəm ənd drəg əˈdɪkʃən, ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi həz bɪn drəg fri fər ˈoʊvər faɪv jɪrz naʊ ənd ˈnɛvər drɪŋks ɔn ðə ʤɑb. ɛz hi pʊt ɪt, pərˈhæps hyperbolically*, groʊ əp goʊɪŋ tɪ ðə biʧ ənd goʊɪŋ tɪ pɑrks, aɪ gru əp goʊɪŋ tɪ ʤeɪl. wɪʧ ɪz ˈprɑbəˌbli waɪ dɪˈvɛləpt səʧ ə nis ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən. ˈpipəl hu lɪv ðə ˈhɑrdəst ər ˈɔfən ðə nicest.”*.” fərst gɑt hɪz stɑrt ɪn ˈkɑmədi waɪl əˈtɛndɪŋ ˈrətgərz ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ˈdʊrɪŋ wɪʧ taɪm hi ˈɔfən wɛnt tɪ si ʃoʊz æt ðə əˈpɑloʊ ˈθieɪtər. ɪt wɑz ˈæftər siɪŋ ə pərˈfɔrməns baɪ ʃɔn weɪənz, hu wɑz əˈbaʊt ðə seɪm eɪʤ ɛz ɪm æt ðə taɪm, ðət ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət hi ɔt tɪ gɪv ˈkɑmədi ə ʃɑt. waɪl, ənˈlaɪk ˈmɪstər. weɪənz, hæv ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts əv ˈfeɪməs ˈfæməli tɪ hɛlp ɪm gɪt hɪz fʊt ɪn ðə dɔr, wət hi dɪd hæv wɑz ˈtælənt. hi ˈstɑrtɪd ˈfrikˌwɛntɪŋ ˈkɑmədi kləbz ənd ˌbiˈfɔr lɔŋ, hi wɑz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə neɪm fər hɪmˈsɛlf ɪn ðə nu jɔrk ˈstænˌdəp sin, ˈroʊˌteɪtɪŋ θru ðə ˈmɛni ˈkɑmɪk ərˈinəz, əˈpɪrɪŋ ɔn ʃoʊz laɪk ˈkɑmədi ʤæm ənd bæd bɔɪz əv ˈkɑmədi, ənd ˈsərvɪŋ ɛz ə ˈfɪksʧər æt ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛlər sɪns ðə 90’s*. wɪn aɪ æst ˈtreɪsi əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈʧoʊzən ˈoʊpənər, ˈtreɪsi mɪns wərdz ɪn ˈpreɪzɪŋ. greɪt. fuckin’*’ funny.”*.” ˈtreɪsi pɔɪnts əraʊnd æt ðə ˈɔdiəns ɛz ɪf tɪ pruv hɪz pɔɪnt, hu ər ˈlæfɪŋ ɛz strəts ənd ˌprɑməˈneɪdz krɔs ðə steɪʤ. ə proʊ. bɪn duɪŋ ðɪs ə lɔŋ taɪm, bɪn duɪŋ ðɪs ɛz lɔŋ ɛz aɪ have”*” kənˈtɪnjuz ˈtreɪsi. jɛt waɪl ˈtruli ləvz ˈkɑmədi, hi teɪks ə ˈlɛˌzeɪ fɛr ˈætəˌtud tɪ ðə ˈɪndəstri saɪd əv θɪŋz, ənd hæv ə lɔt əv ˈpeɪʃəns fər ðə stɑr məˈʃin ðət səraʊndz ɪt. ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt pərˈfɔrmɪŋ. ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɛls aɪ θɪŋk about,”*,” hi sɪz. ˈnɛvər ˈrɪli kɛrd əˈbaʊt hu wɑz ˈgɪtɪŋ wət ənd waɪ wɑz ˈsəmˌwən ɛls ˈfərðər əˈlɔŋ. gɑt ˈbɪgər problems.”*.” læst fɔl, ə ˈkəpəl əv deɪz ˈæftər ðə ʃoʊz æt, ənd aɪ mit ɪn ðə ˌviˌaɪˈpi rum əv ðə fæt blæk ˈpʊsiˌkæt, ə ˈgrɛnɪʧ ˈvɪlɪʤ ˈwɔtərɪŋ hoʊl ðət, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ ˈəndərˌgraʊnd, ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛlər ənd ðə əˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ˈɑlɪv tri café*é, ɪz pɑrt əv ˈoʊnər noʊm ˈmɪni ˈɛmpaɪər æt ˈblikər ənd məkˈdugəl. ðə laʊnʤ wɪθ lɪv ˌkɛriˈoʊki ənd grups əv gərlz ɪn stəˈlɛtoʊz ɪz ˈhɑrdli ʧɪrz, bət ˈsərtənli ðə pleɪs wɛr ˈɛvriˌbɑdi noʊz neɪm, ənd ðə ˈkɑmɪk kən ˈbɛrli meɪk ɪt θri fit wɪˈθaʊt biɪŋ stɑpt fər ə həg ər kɪs ɔn ðə ʧik. hi simz tɪ bi ɔn ə fərst neɪm ˈbeɪsɪs wɪθ ˈɛvəri ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ðoʊz əv ðə əˈtræktɪv ˈfiˌmeɪl vərˈaɪəti bət hɪz ədˈmaɪrərz ər əv ˈɛvəri straɪp, ənd blæk ənd waɪt, jəŋ ənd oʊld, meɪl ənd ˈfiˌmeɪl kəm əp tɪ ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ðə naɪt tɪ əˈsərt ðɛmˈsɛlvz ɛz ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈfukwə fæn kləb. ˈʤɛnəˌviv ʤɔɪ, ə ˈpɛpi blɑnd ˈkɑmɪk hu ɪz ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ frəm lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs, sɪŋz hɪz ˈpreɪzɪz. ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi mɛt hu ləv ðɪs gaɪ, ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi aɪ noʊ hu θɪŋk amazing,”*,” ˈgəʃɪz ˈʤɛnəˌviv, hu mɛt fɔr jɪrz əˈgoʊ wɪn ʃi ˈstɑrtɪd duɪŋ ˈkɑmədi. ɛls ɪn ðə wərld kʊd ˈnɛvər pʊl ɔf biɪŋ soʊ ˈpɑzətɪv ənd ˈwəndərfəl kɔz θɪŋk ðeɪ wər ə bɪg fæt ˈfoʊni, bət ɪn hɪz keɪs ɪts wən ˈhənərd pərˈsɛnt ril ənd wən ˈhənərd pərˈsɛnt genuine.”*.” ˈsərtənli həz hɪz ʃɛr əv ədˈmaɪrərz, bət ðət min ðət əˈfreɪd tɪ meɪk ˈɛnəmiz, ənd ˈizi tɪ si ˈtreɪsɪz əv ðə ˈlɪtəl bɔɪ frəm ðə hʊd hu fɔt hɪz weɪ θru ædˈvərsɪˌti. nis ɪf aɪ ləv ju. ɪf aɪ ləv ju aɪ ˈbɛtər nɑt si ju baɪ yourself,”*,” hi sɪz, ˈflæʃɪŋ ə ˈʧiki grɪn. ˈkərəntli wərks æt ðə ˈsɛlər ənd ˈstænˌdəp, bət hi juzd tɪ wərk æt ˈəðər kləbz ənˈtɪl hɪz ˈtɛndənsi tɪ spik hɪz maɪnd kɔzd ɪm tɪ rən əˈfaʊl əv səm əv ðə ˈoʊnərz ənd gɪt bænd. kɔz aɪ tɔk tu məʧ. aɪ du ðət sɪt bæk ənd stɛr ɪn ɔ shit,”*,” ɪkˈspleɪnz. wɪn ju wɔk ɪn ðə rum ˈgɑnə meɪk fən əv ju, ˈgɑnə stɑrt ˈtɔkɪŋ ʃɪt tɪ you.”*.” waɪl meɪ hæv bərnd ə fju ˈbrɪʤɪz ɪn hɪz deɪ, ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛlər ɪz ɪn ˈmɛni weɪz hoʊm tɪ, ənd noʊm, hu ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz ˈrisəntli ˈleɪbəld ɛz ðə ˈmaɪkəl ˈkɔrliˌoʊni əv ðə nu jɔrk ˈkɑmədi kləb sin (nɑt kwaɪt raɪt, hi kleɪmz, bət teɪk ɪt), həz ˈnəθɪŋ bət preɪz fər hɪz stɑr ˈɛmˈsi. ɪz ə gʊd ˈɛmˈsi ə greɪt ˈɛmˈsi bɪˈkəz ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪnli ˈfrɛndli ənd ɪkˈsaɪtɪd ˈɛvəri taɪm hi gɪts aʊt ɔn stage,”*,” sɪz noʊm. həz ə kaɪnd əv bɔɪɪʃ ɪnˈθuziˌæzəm wɪʧ meɪks ðə ʃoʊ unique.”*.” ənd, ɪn vju, ˈluzɪŋ hɪz sən əˈfɛktɪd hɪz kˈwɑləti ɛz ə pərˈfɔrmər. fərst ɪt wɑz ˈdɪfəkəlt fər ɪm ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ju kʊd dɪˈtɛkt ðət ɪt wɑz ˈdɪfəkəlt, bət naʊ aɪ θɪŋk bæk tɪ ðə seɪm ɛz hi was”*” hi sɪz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈæftər ˈspɛndɪŋ ən ˈivnɪŋ wɪθ, ɪt ɪz hɑrd tɪ bi kənˈvɪnst ðət ˈmɪstər. həz ɪt raɪt. dɪˈspaɪt hɪz ˈmɛni ədˈmaɪrərz, hɪz ˈfɑloʊərz ənd tˈwɪtər ˈfɑloʊərz, ɛz wi sɪt ənd tɔk ɪn ðə ˌviˌaɪˈpi rum əv ðə fæt blæk ˈpʊsiˌkæt, əˈweɪ frəm ðə kraʊdz, kəmz əˈkrɔs ɛz ə mæn hu ɪz ˈvɛri məʧ əˈloʊn. hi linz bæk ɔn ðə ˈbɛnʧɪz ðət laɪn ðə rum, ˈgræʤuəli ˈsɪŋkɪŋ ˈdipər ənˈtɪl ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪnˈtaɪərli ˌhɔrəˈzɑntəl, hɪz lɔŋ lɛgz ˈrɛstɪŋ əp əˈgɛnst ə poʊl. hi simz ɪgˈzɔstɪd, ˈsægɪŋ ˈəndər ðə weɪt əv hɪz grif, ɛz ɪf ɪt ɪz ɔl hi kən du tɪ kip hɪmˈsɛlf ˈəˌpraɪt. aɪ æsk ɪm ˈwɛðər hɪz ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərk həz hɛlpt ɪm gɪt θru hɪz dɛθ. ər səˈpɔrtɪv wɪn ðeɪ si you,”*,” hi sɪz, wɪn ˈsɪtɪŋ hoʊm əˈloʊn ənd ðət ʃɪt hɪts ju, ju gɑt ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi. æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə naɪt wɪn ju tərn ðət ˈkɔrnər, baɪ yourself.”*.” ənd ðɛn ə ˈmɪnət ˈleɪtər lip əp, goʊɪŋ tɪ ʧɛk ɔn ən ˈɔrdər əv bɪrz ər ʃaʊt ˌkɛriˈoʊki ˈlɪrɪks daʊn ðə stɛrz æt ən əkˈweɪntəns ˈkrunɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈmaɪkrəˌfoʊn ɪn ðə rum bɪˈloʊ. hɪz mud ˈɑsəˌleɪts, ˈmænɪk tɪ dɪˈprɛsɪv, ˈtitərɪŋ ɔn ðə brɪŋk əv ˈnɔrməlsi. ˈtrækɪŋ bæk θru ˈprɛzəns ɔn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ðiz pæst fju mənθs peɪnts ə ˈvɪvɪd ˈpɔrtrət əv hɪz əps ənd daʊnz. hɪz poʊsts ˈtrævəl frəm ˈətər dɪˈspɛr: ˈpipəl wər pʊt ɔn ðɪs ərθ ˈpjʊrli tɪ ˈsəfər. aɪ bɪˈliv aɪ æm 1 əv ðoʊz ˈpipəl. ɔl əˈloʊn ɪn ðə ˈjunəˌvərs. ənd ðɪs ɪz maɪ fate,”*,” tɪ rɪˈzɪljəns ənd ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən: strɔŋ. ənd ðɛn fuqua”*” ənd ɪz beautiful…*… teɪk ðə gɪfts ju hæv fər granted!”*!” ˈdɑkjəmənɪŋ hɪz ˈstrəgəl ˈɔnˌlaɪn həz bɪn ə ˈmeɪʤər pɑrt əv hɪz rɪˈkəvəri ˈprɔˌsɛs, ənd klɪr ðət ɪz moʊst ˈkəmfərtəbəl ɪn frənt əv ə ˈmaɪkrəˌfoʊn, ˈwɛðər ɔn steɪʤ ər ˈviə ðə paʊər əv ə twit. ʤɪst wɔnt tɪ noʊ ðət ˈwɛðər aɪ sərˈvaɪv ðɪs, ɛnd əp ɪn ən ˌɪnˈseɪn əˈsaɪləm, ər ðə mɔrg, nɑt əˈʃeɪmd əv ˈdɑkjəmənɪŋ ðə process”*” hi ɔn ʤun 4th*. hɪz ˈfeɪsˌbʊk poʊsts ər mɛt wɪθ tɛnz, ˈivɪn ˈhənərdz, əv laɪks, əv ˌsɑləˈdɛrəti frəm ðə væst ˈriʧɪz əv hɪz ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərk, ənd plænz tɪ kənˈtɪnju ˈʃɛrɪŋ hɪz θɔts fər ɔl tɪ si. waɪl hi dɪz nɑt noʊ wət hɪz kərɪr hoʊldz, hi ɪz dɪˈtərmənd tɪ meɪk ə ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri əˈbaʊt hɪz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz. əˈbaʊt wət spəˈsɪfɪkli, aɪ æsk? aɪ survived,”*,” hi sɪz. aɪ survive.”*.” bət ˈsəmˌhaʊ, wən ˈsɛnsɪz ðət hi wɪl sərˈvaɪv. ˈsɪftɪŋ θru ðə ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃənəl kwoʊts hi ˈpɛpərz hɪz ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd tˈwɪtər wɪθ, wən gɪts ə sɛns əv haʊ ˈbædli filz ðə nid tɪ steɪ ˈpɑzətɪv, tɪ klɪŋ tɪ hɪz ˈmæksəmz, ˈivɪn ɪf hi meɪ ˈsəmˌtaɪmz daʊt hɪz oʊn əˈbɪləˌti tɪ si ðɛm θru. ˈpipəl gɪv up,”*,” hi sɪz. ˈpipəl leɪ daʊn ər ʃət ðɛmˈsɛlvz aʊt, ənd ðeɪ goʊ pur mi, ər ðeɪ θɪŋk ðə wərld oʊz ðɛm something.”*.” hi ˈfɪksɪz mi wɪθ hɪz ˌɪnˈtɛns geɪz. ðə wərld oʊ ju ʃɪt, laɪf oʊ ju ʃɪt, soʊ ju maɪt ɛz wɛl teɪk ˈɛvəri ˌɑpərˈtunəti ənd ɪkˈspænd ɔn ɪt ənd gɪt tɪ ðə nɛkst ˈlɛvəl. weɪst jʊr taɪm ˈsɪtɪŋ bæk ənd ˈwəndərɪŋ waɪ dɪd ðɪs ˈhæpən tɪ me.”*.” ˈkɑmədi ɪz ən ˌənprɪˈdɪktəbəl ˈbɪznɪs. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz, ˌɑpərˈtunətiz kəm əˈlɔŋ wɪn ju list ɪkˈspɛkt ðɛm. ənd soʊ ɪt ˈhæpənz ðət, sɪns wi fərst mɛt æt sɪks mənθs əˈgoʊ, həz ɪkˈspɪriənst ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə ˌrɛnəˈsɑns. sɪks mənθs əˈgoʊ, wɪθ noʊ ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən ənd noʊ ˈmeɪʤər plænz fər fɪlm ər ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ɪn ðə wərks, simd laɪk wən əv ðoʊz ˈkɑmɪks hu, dɪˈspaɪt hɪz ˈtælənt, wɑz ˈdɛstɪnd tɪ fɔl θru ðə kræks. jɛt ɛz hi ˈstrəgəld tɪ riˈbɪld hɪmˈsɛlf ɪn ðə weɪk əv hɪz dɛθ, hi faʊnd ən ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd frɛnd ənd ˈmɛnˌtɔr ɪn ðə laɪks əv ˈtreɪsi ˈmɔrgən. ɛz ðə tu bɪˈgæn ˈtʊrɪŋ təˈgɛðər mɔr ənd mɔr ɪn ðə ˈərli nu jɪr ənd ˈspɛndɪŋ lɔŋ aʊərz ɔn ðə roʊd, faʊnd ˈtreɪsi ˈteɪkɪŋ ən ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn hɪz kərɪr. wɑz laɪk, ˈrɪli ˈfəni, wət ˈhæpənd tɪ ju? waɪ ju mɔr səkˈsɛsfəl? hi sɛd, goʊɪŋ tɪ hɛlp ju wɪθ jʊr ˈbɪznɪs sense,”*,” sɪz. bɪn ˈmɛntərɪŋ mi, businesswise.”*.” ɪn mɑrʧ, əˈkəmpənid ˈtreɪsi ɔn ə bəs tʊr əv ðə ˌmɪdˈwɛst ɛz pɑrt əv ðə maɪ french”*” tʊr. ˈkruzɪŋ θru væst ɪkˈspænsɪz əv kɔrn bɛlt, θru ˈwɪʧəˌtɔ ənd dɪ mɔɪnz, ˈrɑˌʧɛstər ənd ˈfɑrˌgoʊ, ðə tu fɔrmd ə bɑnd bɪɔnd ðət əv mɪr ˈkɑligz. ˈbɑndɪd laɪk ə family,”*,” sɪz. læft təˈgɛðər, wi ˈoʊpənd əp əˈbaʊt ˈpərsɪnəl θɪŋz ɪn ɑr lives.”*.” ɪn ˈeɪprəl, pərˈfɔrmd wɪθ ˈtreɪsi ənd ə ˈlaɪˌnəp əv ˈəðər blæk ˈkɑmɪks æt ˈmædɪsən skwɛr ˈgɑrdən. hir, ðə ʤoʊks ðət hi hæd spɛnt jɪrz pərˈfɛktɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈbeɪsmənt mɛt ðə ˈskrutəni əv ə ərˈinə. hi kɪld. ɪn meɪ, əˈkəmpənid ˈtreɪsi ənd hɪz ˈfæməli ɔn ə ˈstænˌdəp tʊr əv ɔˈstreɪljə. “[“[tracy*] sɛd aɪ teɪk frɛndz tɪ ɔˈstreɪljə, aɪ teɪk ˈfæməli tɪ ɔˈstreɪljə. ənd maɪ family,”*,” sɪz. daʊn ˈəndər, wɑz səˈpraɪzd tɪ rɪˈsiv ðə ˈdɪvɪˌdɛndz ərnd frəm jɪrz əv ˈʧɑrmɪŋ ðə kraʊdz æt ˈstænˌdəp ənd ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛlər. əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri, ˈpipəl hu hæd sin ɪm pərˈfɔrm ɪn nu jɔrk ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz keɪm aʊt əv ðə ˈwʊdˌwərk, ˈwaɪnɪŋ ənd ˈdaɪnɪŋ ɪm æt faɪn ˈrɛˌstrɑnts ənd ˈtʊrɪŋ ɪm əraʊnd ðɛr ˈsɪtiz. ˈpipəl wər soʊ nis. ðeɪ ʃoʊd mi ə lɔt əv ləv, ɔf steɪʤ ənd ɔn stage,”*,” sɪz əv hɪz taɪm ɪn ɔˈstreɪljə. hæd ə ball.”*.” lɔŋ gɔn ər ðə deɪz wɪn wɑz ˈwərid əˈbaʊt ˈgɪtɪŋ tu ˈmɛni læfs ər əˈbaʊt ˈstilɪŋ ˈθəndər. naʊ, ðə ˈhaɪˌrɑrki bɪtˈwin ˈoʊpənər ənd ˈhɛˌdlaɪnər həz ˈivənd aʊt ɪn tɪ ə ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp. “[“[tracy*] wɔnts mi tɪ goʊ aʊt ənd hɪt ðɛm ˈrɪli hɑrd, bɪˈkəz hi sɪz ɪt sɪz ɪt ˌɪnˈspaɪrz ɪm tɪ gɪv ə ˈrɪli gʊd show,”*,” sɪz. sɪz ˈwɑʧɪŋ mi gɪts ɪm ɪn ðə mud fər ˈkɑmədi. wɪʧ ɪz ə juʤ compliment.”*.” naʊ, bæk ɪn mænˈhætən, kərɪr ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ðət fər soʊ lɔŋ simd ˌənəˈteɪnəbəl hæv ˈbeɪgən tɪ əˈveɪl ðɛmˈsɛlvz. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ hɪz ˈjuʒəwəl ˈhoʊstɪŋ ʤɑbz æt ðə ˈsɛlər ənd ˈstænˌdəp, hi wərks ɛz ðə ˈstudiˌoʊ ˈkɑmɪk fər ˈnɪki ˈsɛrə lɪv, ə gɪg hi wɪl bi kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ wɪn ðə ʃoʊ gɪts rɪˈnud nɛkst ˈsizən. ðɪs ˈsəmər, hi wɪl bi əˈkəmpəniɪŋ ˈtreɪsi ɔn ə lɪv ˈneɪʃən ˈspɑnsərd tʊr əv ðə steɪts. ɪn ðə fɔl, hi wɪl bi ˈtrævəlɪŋ wɪθ ˈtreɪsi tɪ ˈləndən ənd duˈbaɪ. hi ɪz ˈivɪn ɪn tɔks tɪ ˈproʊdus hɪz oʊn hæf aʊər ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛntrəl ˈspɛʃəl. ər ə lɔt əv ˈpipəl bɪˈhaɪnd mi raɪt now,”*,” sɪz. fil ˈvɛri ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk əˈbaʊt ðə fˈjuʧər, frəm ə kərɪr standpoint.”*.” hi stɪl θɪŋks əˈbaʊt hɪz sən ˈɛvəri deɪ. ˈivɪn ɔn tʊr, əˈbaʊt tɪ teɪk ðə steɪʤ ɪn səm kəˈsinoʊ ɪn ˈsɪdni ənd ˈmɛlbərn, wʊd faɪnd hɪmˈsɛlf ˈstændɪŋ ˈbækˈsteɪʤ ɪn ə ˈkɔrnər, kraɪɪŋ ənd ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt hɪz sən. stɪl hæv tɪ goʊ ˈɪntu ə ˈkɔrnər ənd kraɪ ə lot,”*,” sɪz. aɪ wʊd ʤɪst bi ɪn ðə ˈɔdiəns ˈwɑʧɪŋ ˈtreɪsi ənd aɪ wʊd θɪŋk əv maɪ sən ənd haʊ məʧ hi wʊd ləv tɪ bi ə pɑrt əv ðɪs. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz aɪ fil laɪk ʤɪst ˈwɑʧɪŋ θɪŋz θru hɪz eyes.”*.” ənd jɛt, ənˈlaɪk sɪks mənθs əˈgoʊ, hi ɪz ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪt aʊt əv bɛd ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ. hi klinz hɪz əˈpɑrtmənt. hi socializes*. hi koʊps. bɪtˈwin hɪz gɪgz wɪθ ˈtreɪsi, hɪz gɪg æt ˈɛmˈtiˈvi ənd hɪz ˈrɛgjələr ˈbʊkɪŋz æt ðə ˈsɛlər ənd ˈstænˌdəp, hi hæv soʊ məʧ taɪm tɪ sɪt əraʊnd ənd fil ˈsɑri fər hɪmˈsɛlf. ˈloʊnli ɔl ðə taɪm. maɪ sən wɑz ˈrɪli ɔl aɪ hæd. bət laɪf goʊz ɔn ənd ˈnəθɪŋ aɪ kən du əˈbaʊt ɪt. ðə ˈjunəˌvərs ɪz ˌɪnˈdɪfərənt, ju ʤɪst hæv tɪ kip ˈpʊʃɪŋ, ju hæv tɪ kip working,”*,” sɪz. ˌɪmˈpɛrətɪv ðət aɪ kip ˈpʊʃɪŋ forward.”*.” wən ˈwiˌkɪnd, aɪ stɑp baɪ ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛlər tɪ wɔʧ pərˈfɔrm hɪz sɛt. ɔn steɪʤ, hi ɪz ɛz ˌɛnərˈʤɛtɪk ɛz ˈɔlˌweɪz, ˈkɔlɪŋ aʊt ˈvɛriəs ˈɔdiəns ˈmɛmbərz wɪθ hɪz fəˈmɪljər ˈrɑstər əv ˌɪnˈsəlts. ləv ju ɔn ril ˈhaʊsˌwaɪvz əv philadelphia!”*!” hi ˈhɑlərz æt səm ˈskæntəli klæd waɪf, ənd ɪz mɛt wɪθ bɪg læfs. ðə kraʊd its əp hɪz ʃtɪk, ənd ˈɛnərʤi prəˈpɛlz ðə ʃoʊ səkˈsɛsfəli ˈfɔrwərd, ˈivɪn wɪn ðə ˈəðər ˈkɑmɪks ɪn ðə ˈlaɪˌnəp ˈfɔltər. ˈhæŋɪŋ əraʊnd ˈæftər ðə ʃoʊ, ɛz aɪ wɔʧ ɪm pæl əraʊnd wɪθ ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈɔdiəns, ˈʤoʊkɪŋ ənd ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈfoʊˌtoʊz wɪθ ðɛm, hɪz bɪg grɪn ˈlaɪtɪŋ əp maɪ fid, aɪ hɛlp bət bi ˌɪmˈprɛst æt hɪz rɪˈzɪljəns. ɪt məst teɪk ə lɔt tɪ kənˈtɪnju tɪ kip ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈpipəl smaɪl ɪn ðə feɪs əv soʊ məʧ peɪn. bət həz ˈnɛvər hæd ɪt ˈizi, ˈivɪn ˌbiˈfɔr ðə lɔs əv hɪz sən. soʊ, aɪ θɪŋk, pərˈhæps ðə oʊld kəˈmidɪk hæv ɪt raɪt. pərˈhæps bɪˈkəz əv ðə peɪn ðət hi kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ ɑpt fər ˈlæftər, ˈivɪn ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ stɛrd feɪs fərst ɪn tɪ ðə ˈdɑrknəs. ˈmeɪbi, ɛz hi sɪz, waɪ ˈpipəl laɪk ɪm soʊ məʧ. θɪŋk aɪ kəm frəm ə pleɪs əv nɑt biɪŋ ˈbɛtər ðən you,”*,” sɪz. noʊ wət ɪts laɪk tɪ nɑt hæv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. aɪ noʊ wət ɪts laɪk tɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns lɔs. soʊ wɪn ju ˌəndərˈstænd ðət ðɛn ju ʤɪst ˈrɪli wɔnt tɪ ˌɛnərˈteɪn ˈpipəl. ˈmeɪbi ju ʤɪst traɪ ə ˈlɪtəl harder.”*.” ər ˈmeɪbi ʤɪst ˈgræbɪŋ æt strɔz, traɪɪŋ hɪz bɛst tɪ meɪk ˈminɪŋ aʊt əv ˈminɪŋləs ˈtræʤədi, wɪn ˈrɪli, ɪt ðət ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd. ˈmeɪbi, ɪn ðə wərdz əv ˈtreɪsi ˈmɔrgən, ʤɪst fuckin’*’ ˈfəni. ˈfoʊˌtoʊ baɪ ˈkɔri ˈmɛltən. ˈænə ˈsɪlmən ɪz ə ˈfriˌlæns ˈʤərnəlɪst ənd ˈgræʤəˌweɪt ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm ˈstudənt æt nyu*.
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ardie fuqua is worried that he’s been too funny. “i didn’t get too many laughs, did i?” he asks, sliding into a seat next to me in the back row.
he has just finished a 25-minute set at caroline’s on broadway, the argyle-patterned comedy club steps from times square, where he is opening tracy morgan’s lineup of thanksgiving weekend shows. the sound of applause is still ringing throughout the 300-seat club, and ardie is visibly out of breath, his forehead drenched in sweat from the heat of the spotlights.
it’s easy to understand why overshadowing tracy would not be on ardie’s to do list. this is one of their first performances together, and as the opening act, it’s an unspoken rule that one does not outshine the headliner. ardie, the seasoned hype man, is aware of his place in the pecking order. “i’m just here to make the crowd happy,” he says.
throughout the night, ardie dutifully plays the role of right-hand-man, chatting animatedly with tracy, laughing at his jokes and flashing big, sycophantic smiles his way. but when tracy is out of earshot, ardie deflates, as if the animating force that propels him so jubilantly across the stage had been snuffed out. i ask if he’s excited about the show, and he shrugs me off, as he often does when questioned: “i don’t care. it doesn’t matter. it’s just a show.” and then, later, as we vacate the green room to make way for tracy and his entourage: “not one person is here to see me.”
watching ardie perform, one would never think him capable of such melancholy. one of a handful of mc’s at the comedy cellar, the 30-year old greenwich village standup hotspot that has served as a breeding ground for many of the country’s top comics, it’s his job to keep people happy, even if the headliners should crash and burn. and years of practice have taught the 41-year old comic how to keep an audience happy. dressed sharply, his slender 6’3” frame impeccably outfitted with blazers and button-ups plucked straight from the pages of gq, ardie strides and bounds across the stage, bantering with the crowd and ripping on different audience members — “i loved you on real housewives of atlanta,” he shouts to one tacky, middle-aged blonde — and winning hearts by flashing his trademark, ear-to-ear grin.
in front of the crowd, ardie is fearless, and it is this seeming invincibility that makes him such a successful opening act. while other comics rely on the mc to warm up the room, ardie has never been afraid of what the audience thinks. “when i go on stage, i do whatever i want. i’m not afraid of the crowd,” he says. “i don’t care if they booed all the comics and are holding rifles. i don’t care.”
his confidence could be mistaken for cockiness, or perhaps merely the ease that comes with years of practice. and yet it seems that, in the snug brightness of the spotlights, ardie truly does feel safe. onstage, he controls the room. comedy, for all its complexities, has a binary outcome, silence or laughter, and ardie is a master of the science of humor. he knows what to expect. it’s once he leaves the stage that life, with its cruel twists and turns, can get scary.
* * *
almost a year ago, on may 12th, 2012, ardie’s 19-year-old son jamaal went out to play basketball with friends. jamaal was an athletic, popular boy with handsome features, the striking genetic mixture of his black father and indian mother. during the game, he was fatally injured after taking an elbow to the heart. he was hit, says ardie, right at the moment his heart skipped a beat, sending him in to shock. he died in the hospital later that day.
ardie doesn’t like talking about how his son died, perhaps because he’s still trying to make sense of something unfathomable, how such a mundane basketball injury could have such unforeseeable consequences. what was so different about this game from the millions of others played each day? what made this elbow so forceful, this mid-court collision so fatal? why in this split-second did the heart divert from its usual, ceaseless rhythm? for the rest of his life, ardie will wonder where god was on that day.
ardie and jamaal were extremely close, and his passing turned ardie’s life upside down. ardie has a daughter too, from another relationship, but she was raised by her mother. by all accounts, jamaal was his whole world. now ardie is faced with having to pick up the pieces of his life, while still trying to make it in an industry that is hopelessly cruel on its best days. in his view, he doesn’t have a choice.
“i love performing. it’s all i got. i don’t have anything else. i don’t have anything,” says ardie. “so i’ve got to make this work. and it’s not even that i want to make it work, it’s just going to work cause i say its going to work.”
* * *
ardie fuqua grew up in jersey city, new jersey, as part of a large, close-knit family. his father works in property development while his mother and sister own a chain of preschools in jersey city. “they work really hard. they are very productive, positive people,” explains ardie, who attributes his work ethic and positive outlook to the example set by his family. “i get that from my parents, that resiliency and resourcefulness. no matter what happens you find a way to make it work.”
but growing up as part of a financially successful family in a poor neighborhood, ardie had to toughen up quickly. “i was targeted by a lot of bullies. so i became the bully killer, where i began to pick fights with people much bigger than me,” he says. while he rarely picks fights nowadays, he is always on the defensive: “that’s always in my mentality. i never hesitate, it’s just, let’s go right now.”
even before the death of his son, life was not easy for ardie. he “grew up hard,” and has faced his share of adversity over the years, from deaths in the family to struggles with alcoholism and drug addiction, although he has been drug free for over five years now and never drinks on the job. as he put it, perhaps hyperbolically, “i didn’t grow up going to the beach and going to parks, i grew up going to jail. which is probably why i’ve developed such a nice disposition. people who live the hardest are often the nicest.”
ardie first got his start in comedy while attending rutgers university, during which time he often went to see shows at the apollo theater. it was after seeing a performance by shawn wayans, who was about the same age as him at the time, that ardie realized that he ought to give comedy a shot. while, unlike mr. wayans, ardie didn’t have the benefits of famous family to help him get his foot in the door, what he did have was talent. he started frequenting comedy clubs and before long, he was making a name for himself in the new york standup scene, rotating through the city’s many comic arenas, appearing on shows like hbo’s def comedy jam and bad boys of comedy, and serving as a fixture at the comedy cellar since the 90’s.
when i asked tracy about his chosen opener, tracy doesn’t mince words in praising ardie. “he’s great. he’s fuckin’ funny.” tracy points around at the audience as if to prove his point, who are laughing uproariously as ardie struts and promenades exaggeratedly cross the stage. “ardie’s a pro. we’ve been doing this a long time, he’s been doing this as long as i have” continues tracy.
yet while ardie truly loves comedy, he takes a laissez faire attitude to the industry side of things, and doesn’t have a lot of patience for the star machine that surrounds it. “i’m excited about performing. everything else i don’t think about,” he says. “i never really cared about who was getting what and why was someone else further along. i’ve got bigger problems.”
* * *
last fall, a couple of days after the shows at caroline’s, ardie and i meet in the vip room of the fat black pussycat, a greenwich village watering hole that, along with the village underground, the comedy cellar and the adjoining olive tree café, is part of owner noam dworman’s mini empire at bleecker and macdougal.
the multi-room lounge with live karaoke and groups of girls in stilettos is hardly cheers, but it’s certainly the place where everybody knows ardie’s name, and the comic can barely make it three feet without being stopped for a hug or kiss on the cheek. he seems to be on a first name basis with every member of the wait-staff – particularly those of the attractive female variety – but his admirers are of every stripe, and black and white, young and old, male and female come up to ardie over the course of the night to assert themselves as card-carrying members of the ardie fuqua fan club.
genevieve joy, a peppy blonde comic who is visiting from los angeles, sings his praises. “there’s nobody i’ve met who doesn’t love this guy, there’s nobody i know who doesn’t think he’s amazing,” gushes genevieve, who met ardie four years ago when she started doing comedy. “anybody else in the world could never pull off being so positive and wonderful cause you’d think they were a big fat phony, but in his case its one hundred percent real and one hundred percent genuine.”
ardie certainly has his share of admirers, but that doesn’t mean that he’s afraid to make enemies, and it’s easy to see traces of the little boy from the hood who fought his way through adversity. “i’m nice if i love you. if i don’t love you i better not see you by yourself,” he says, flashing a cheeky grin. ardie currently works at the cellar and standup ny, but he used to work at other clubs until his tendency to speak his mind caused him to run afoul of some of the owners and get banned. “it’s cause i talk too much. i don’t do that sit back and stare in awe shit,” explains ardie. “like when you walk in the room i’m gonna make fun of you, i’m gonna start talking shit to you.”
while ardie may have burned a few bridges in his day, the comedy cellar is in many ways home to ardie, and noam dworman, who the new york times recently labeled as the michael corleone of the new york comedy club scene (not quite right, he claims, but he’ll take it), has nothing but praise for his star mc.
“ardie is a good mc –he’s a great mc – because he’s genuinely friendly and excited every time he gets out on stage,” says noam. “he has a kind of boyish enthusiasm which makes the show unique.” and, in noam’s view, losing his son hasn’t affected his quality as a performer. “at first it was difficult for him and sometimes you could detect that it was difficult, but now i think he’s back to the same as he was” he says.
* * *
however, after spending an evening with ardie, it is hard to be convinced that mr. dworman has it right. despite his many admirers, his 2,873 instagram followers and 5,300 twitter followers, as we sit and talk in the vip room of the fat black pussycat, away from the crowds, ardie comes across as a man who is very much alone. he leans back on the pillow-covered benches that line the room, gradually sinking deeper until he’s almost entirely horizontal, his long legs resting up against a pole. he seems exhausted, sagging under the weight of his grief, as if it is all he can do to keep himself upright. i ask him whether his social network has helped him get through his son’s death.
“people are supportive when they see you,” he says, “but when you’re sitting home alone and that shit hits you, you ain’t got nobody. at the end of the night when you turn that corner, you’re by yourself.”
and then a minute later he’ll leap up, going to check on an order of beers or shout karaoke lyrics down the stairs at an acquaintance crooning on the microphone in the room below. his mood oscillates, manic to depressive, teetering on the brink of normalcy.
tracking back through ardie’s presence on social media these past few months paints a vivid portrait of his ups and downs. his posts travel from utter despair: “some people were put on this earth purely to suffer. i believe i am 1 of those people. i’m all alone in the universe. and this is my fate,” to resilience and inspiration: “theres strong. and then theres ardie fuqua” and “life is beautiful… dont take the gifts you have for granted!”
documenting his struggle online has been a major part of his recovery process, and it’s clear that ardie is most comfortable in front of a microphone, whether on stage or via the amplificatory power of a tweet. “i just want ya’ll to know that whether i survive this, end up in an insane asylum, or the morgue, i’m not ashamed of documenting the process” he tweeted on june 4th.
his facebook posts are met with tens, even hundreds, of likes, outpourings of solidarity from the vast reaches of his social network, and ardie plans to continue sharing his thoughts for all to see. while he does not know what his career holds, he is determined to make a documentary about his experiences. about what specifically, i ask?
“how i survived,” he says. “if i survive.”
but somehow, one senses that he will survive. sifting through the motivational quotes he peppers his facebook and twitter with, one gets a sense of how badly ardie feels the need to stay positive, to cling to his maxims, even if he may sometimes doubt his own ability to see them through.
“some people give up,” he says. “some people lay down or shut themselves out, and they go poor me, or they think the world owes them something.” he fixes me with his intense gaze. “but the world don’t owe you shit, life don’t owe you shit, so you might as well take every opportunity and expand on it and get to the next level. don’t waste your time sitting back and wondering why did this happen to me.”
* * *
comedy is an unpredictable business. sometimes, opportunities come along when you least expect them. and so it happens that, since we first met at caroline’s six months ago, ardie has experienced something of a mid-career renaissance.
six months ago, with no representation and no major plans for film or television in the works, ardie seemed like one of those comics who, despite his talent, was destined to fall through the cracks.
yet as he struggled to rebuild himself in the wake of his son’s death, he found an unexpected friend and mentor in the likes of tracy morgan. as the two began touring together more and more in the early new year and spending long hours on the road, ardie found tracy taking an interest in his career. “he was like, you’re really funny, what happened to you? why aren’t you more successful? he said, i’m going to help you with your business sense,” says ardie. “he’s been mentoring me, businesswise.”
in march, ardie accompanied tracy on a two-week bus tour of the midwest as part of the “excuse my french” tour. cruising through vast expanses of corn belt, through wichita and des moines, rochester and fargo, the two formed a bond beyond that of mere colleagues. “we bonded like a family,” says ardie. “we laughed together, we opened up about personal things in our lives.”
in april, ardie performed with tracy and a lineup of other black comics at madison square garden. here, the jokes that he had spent years perfecting in the comedy cellar’s 150-seater basement met the scrutiny of a 20,000-seater arena. he killed.
in may, ardie accompanied tracy and his family on a two-week standup tour of australia. “[tracy] said i don’t take friends to australia, i take family to australia. and you’re my family,” says ardie.
down under, ardie was surprised to receive the dividends earned from years of charming the crowds at standup ny and the comedy cellar. across the country, people who had seen him perform in new york over the years came out of the woodwork, wining and dining him at fine restaurants and touring him around their cities. “the people were so nice. they showed me a lot of love, off stage and on stage,” says ardie of his time in australia. “i had a ball.”
long gone are the days when ardie was worried about getting too many laughs or about stealing tracy’s thunder. now, the hierarchy between opener and headliner has evened out in to a partnership. “[tracy] wants me to go out and hit them really hard, because he says it says it inspires him to give a really good show,” says ardie. “he says watching me gets him in the mood for comedy. which is a huge compliment.”
now, back in manhattan, career opportunities that for so long seemed unattainable have begun to avail themselves. in addition to his usual hosting jobs at the cellar and standup ny, he works as the studio warm-up comic for mtv’s nikki & sara live, a gig he will be continuing when the show gets renewed next season. this summer, he will be accompanying tracy on a 30-city live nation sponsored tour of the states. in the fall, he will be traveling with tracy to london and dubai. he is even in talks to produce his own half hour comedy central special.
“there are a lot of people behind me right now,” says ardie. “i feel very optimistic about the future, from a career standpoint.”
he still thinks about his son every day. even on tour, about to take the stage in some casino in sydney and melbourne, ardie would find himself standing backstage in a corner, crying and thinking about his son.
“i still have to go into a corner and cry a lot,” says ardie. “sometimes i would just be in the audience watching tracy and i would think of my son and how much he would love to be a part of this. sometimes i feel like i’m just watching things through his eyes.”
and yet, unlike six months ago, he is able to get out of bed in the morning. he cleans his apartment. he socializes. he copes. between his gigs with tracy, his warm-up gig at mtv and his regular bookings at the cellar and standup ny, he doesn’t have so much time to sit around and feel sorry for himself.
“i’m lonely all the time. my son was really all i had. but life goes on and there’s nothing i can do about it. the universe is indifferent, you just have to keep pushing, you have to keep working,” says ardie. “it’s imperative that i keep pushing forward.”
* * *
one weekend, i stop by the comedy cellar to watch ardie perform his set. on stage, he is as energetic as always, calling out various audience members with his familiar roster of insults. “i love you on real housewives of philadelphia!” he hollers at some scantily clad stepford wife, and is met with big laughs. the crowd eats up his shtick, and ardie’s energy propels the show successfully forward, even when the other comics in the lineup falter.
hanging around after the show, as i watch him pal around with members of the audience, joking and taking photos with them, his big grin lighting up my instagram feed, i can’t help but be impressed at his resilience. it must take a lot to continue to keep making people smile in the face of so much pain. but ardie has never had it easy, even before the loss of his son. so, i think, perhaps the old comedic clichés have it right. perhaps it’s because of the pain that he continues to opt for laughter, even after having stared face first in to the darkness. maybe, as he says, that’s why people like him so much.
“i think i come from a place of not being better than you,” says ardie. “i know what its like to not have anything. i know what its like to experience loss. so when you understand that then you just really want to entertain people. maybe you just try a little harder.”
or maybe he’s just grabbing at straws, trying his best to make meaning out of meaningless tragedy, when really, it isn’t that complicated.
maybe, in the words of tracy morgan, he’s just fuckin’ funny.
photo by corey melton.
anna silman is a freelance journalist and graduate journalism student at nyu.
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ˈstɔri ˈhaɪˌlaɪts ðə ˈɛfərt ɪz ɪn dɪˈfɛns əv plænd ˈpɛrənˌthʊd, huz ˈfəndɪŋ səm wɔnt tɪ teɪk əˈweɪ ɪts ˈnæʧərəli ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd ən ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈɑrgjəmənt əˈbaʊt əˈbɔrʃən (ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn) ˈwɪmən kənˈsərnd əˈbaʊt rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈɛfərts tɪ teɪk ˈfəndɪŋ əˈweɪ frəm plænd ˈpɛrənˌthʊd hæv ˈteɪkən tɪ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə wɪθ ə ˈhæʃˌtæg ɪnˈkərəʤɪŋ ˈəðərz tɪ "ʃaʊt jʊr əˈbɔrʃən." ɪt wɪl səˈpraɪz noʊ wən ðət ɪts tərnd ˈɪntu ə bɪt əv ə faɪt, wɪθ ənd ˈpɑrtəzənz ˈdukɪŋ ɪt aʊt ənd ə ˈkædri əv ðoʊz hu θɪŋk ðə hoʊl aɪˈdiə ɪz ə ˈlɪtəl tu məʧ θroʊɪŋ rɑks, ɛz wɛl. ðə ˈmuvmənt ˈstɑrtɪd ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ wɪθ ə ˈfeɪsˌbʊk poʊst baɪ ə ˈwʊmən neɪmd əˈmiljə, hu ˌriˈkaʊntɪd ðə ˈstɔri əv hər əˈbɔrʃən ənd ðə ˈlɛvəl əv ˈgrætəˌtud" ʃi fɛlt ˈæftərwərd. "aɪ æm ˈtɛlɪŋ ju ðɪs təˈdeɪ bɪˈkəz ðə ˈnɛrətɪv əv ðoʊz ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ diˈfənd plænd ˈpɛrənˌthʊd rɪˈlaɪz ɔn ðə əˈsəmpʃən ðət əˈbɔrʃən ɪz stɪl ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ bi ˈwɪspərd əˈbaʊt," roʊt. "ˈplɛnti əv ˈpipəl stɪl bɪˈliv ðət ɔn səm ˈlɛvəl ɪf ju ər ə gʊd ˈwʊmən əˈbɔrʃən ɪz ə ʧɔɪs wɪʧ ʃʊd əˈkəmpənid baɪ səm ˈlɛvəl əv ˈsædnəs, ʃeɪm, ər rɪˈgrɛt. bət ju noʊ wət? aɪ hæv ə gʊd hɑrt ənd ˈhævɪŋ ən əˈbɔrʃən meɪd mi ˈhæpi ɪn ə ˈtoʊtəli ənkˈwɑlɪˌfaɪd weɪ. waɪ ˈwʊdənt aɪ bi ˈhæpi ðət aɪ wɑz nɑt fɔrst tɪ bɪˈkəm ə ˈməðər?" siˈætəl ˈraɪtər ˈlɪndi wɛst tʊk ə əv ðə poʊst ənd ˈædɪd ðə ˈhæʃˌtæg.
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story highlights the effort is in defense of planned parenthood, whose funding some want to take away
it's naturally generated an online argument about abortion
(cnn) women concerned about republican efforts to take funding away from planned parenthood have taken to social media with a hashtag encouraging others to "shout your abortion."
it will surprise no one that it's turned into a bit of a fight, with abortion-rights and anti-abortion partisans duking it out and a not-insignificant cadre of those who think the whole idea is a little too much throwing rocks, as well.
the movement started saturday with a facebook post by a woman named amelia bonow, who recounted the story of her abortion and the "inexpressible level of gratitude" she felt afterward.
"i am telling you this today because the narrative of those working to defund planned parenthood relies on the assumption that abortion is still something to be whispered about," bonow wrote. "plenty of people still believe that on some level -- if you are a good woman -- abortion is a choice which should accompanied by some level of sadness, shame, or regret. but you know what? i have a good heart and having an abortion made me happy in a totally unqualified way. why wouldn't i be happy that i was not forced to become a mother?"
seattle writer lindy west took a screenshot of the post and added the #shoutyourabortion hashtag.
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baɪ baɪ ˈneɪθən ˈsælənt mɑr 2 2016 ɪn tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈmaʊntən vju ˈgugəl rəʃt timz əv ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz tɪ ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn ˈmaʊntən vju ɔn ˈvælənˌtaɪnz deɪ tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt waɪ wən əv ðə ˈkəmpəniz kɑz strək ə ˈpəblɪk bəs. ˈgugəl həz bɪn ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə ˈsɛnsər ənd ˌɛsˌjuˈviz ɔn ˈpəblɪk roʊdz sɪns 2014 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ðə tɛk ʤaɪənt ðət əˈgrimənt rikˈwaɪərz iʧ kɑr hæv ə ˈjumən ˈɑpərˌeɪtər tɪ teɪk kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ˈviɪkəl ɪf ˈnɛsəˌsɛri, bət ðə ˈɑpərˌeɪtər dɪd nɑt fil ðə nid tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin. ðɛr wər noʊ ˈɪnʤəriz. "wi sɔ ðə bəs, wi trækt ðə bəs, wi θɔt ðə bəs wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ sloʊ daʊn, wi ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ pʊl aʊt, ðɛr wɑz səm moʊˈmɛntəm ˌɪnˈvɑlvd," krɪs, hɛd əv sɛd kɑr dɪd hæv səm riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ðə kræʃ æt ðə ˈkɔrnər əv ɛl kəˈminoʊ ril ənd ˈkæstroʊ strit, bət ɪt wɑz "nɑt blæk ənd waɪt." ðə əˈkərd wɪn ðə kɑr muvd sˈlaɪtli tɪ ðə lɛft tɪ gɪt əraʊnd ə ˈhæzərd ɪn ðə leɪn ɪt wɑz ɪn. ðə ˈgugəl sɛd ðə tɛst ˈdraɪvər əˈsumd ðə bəs wʊd jild tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə ˌɛsˌjuˈvi tɪ muv əraʊnd ðə ˈhæzərd bət ɪt dɪd nɑt. ðə rɪˈpɔrt dɪd nɑt ˈæˌdrɛs fɔlt ənd ðə "noʊ dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən əv ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti həz bɪn meɪd," ən əˈθɔrəti ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən sɛd ɪn ə ˈrɪtən ˈsteɪtmənt, ðə ˌeɪˈpi sɛd. bət ˈgugəl kˈwɪkli ækˈnɑlɪʤd ɪn ə ˈrɪtən ˈsteɪtmənt ðət ɪt bɔr æt list ˈpɑrʃəl riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ðə kræʃ. "wi ˈklɪrli bɛr səm riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti, bɪˈkəz ɪf ɑr kɑr ˈhædənt muvd ðɛr ˈwʊdənt hæv bɪn ə kəˈlɪʒən," ˈsteɪtmənt sɛd. ˈgugəl sɛd ɪts ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz wər ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə kɑrz ˈsɔfˌwɛr soʊ ɪt wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ðət ˈbəsɪz maɪt nɑt jild ɛz rɪˈlaɪəbli ɛz ˈəðər kɑz maɪt, ənd kɔld ðə kræʃ "ə ˈklæsɪk ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðə nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃən ðæts ə ˈnɔrməl pɑrt əv ˈdraɪvɪŋ." "wɪr ɔl traɪɪŋ tɪ prɪˈdɪkt iʧ ˈəðərz ˈmuvmənts," ˈgugəl sɛd. bət ə ˈnoʊtɪd ˈkrɪtɪk əv kɑr ˈprɑʤɛkt sɛd ðə kræʃ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd waɪ səʧ ˈviɪkəlz ʃʊd nɑt bi əˈlaʊd ɔn ˈpəblɪk roʊdz. ðə ˌeɪˈpi sɛd. "ˈklɪrli, ˈroʊˌbət kɑz kænt rɪˈlaɪəbli koʊp wɪθ ˈɛvriˈdeɪ ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz," sɛd ʤɑn ɛm. ˈsɪmpsən əv ðə nɑnˈprɑfət "ðɛr nidz tɪ bi ə ˈlaɪsənst ˈdraɪvər hu kən teɪk ˈoʊvər, ˈivɪn ɪf ɪn ðɪs keɪs ðə tɛst ˈdraɪvər feɪld tɪ stɛp ɪn ɛz hi ʃʊd hæv," hi sɛd. ˈgugəl həz bɪn ˈprɛʃərɪŋ steɪt ənd ˈfɛdərəl əˈθɔrətiz tɪ ˈligəˌlaɪz ðə juz əv ˈviɪkəlz, ˈivɪn wɪn ˈpipəl hæv ˈlɪmɪtɪd weɪz əv ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ, ðə ˌeɪˈpi sɛd. ðə kɑr, wən əv 22 ˈspɛʃəli ɪkˈwɪpt ˈlɛksəs ˌɛsˌjuˈviz biɪŋ ˈtɛstɪd ɪn ðə ˈɛriə əraʊnd ˈgugəl ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz ənd ɪn ˈɔstən, tɛks., strək ə ˈpəblɪk bəs æt ðə ˌɪntərˈsɛkʃən əv tu əv ˈmaʊntən ˈbɪziəst strits ɪn ðə ˌæftərˈnun əv ˈfɛbjəˌwɛri. 14 ɪn wət ɪz əˈpɛrəntli ðə fərst ˈæksədənt ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ə kɑr ɪn wɪʧ ðə ˈviɪkəl wɑz æt list ˈpɑrtli æt həz bɪn ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə ˈsɛnsər ənd ˌɛsˌjuˈviz ɔn ˈpəblɪk roʊdz sɪns 2014 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs ðə tɛk ʤaɪənt ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðə ˈæksədənt tɪ ðə ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ɛz rikˈwaɪərd ˈəndər ɪts ˈtɛstɪŋ əˈgrimənt wɪθ ðə əˈgrimənt rikˈwaɪərz iʧ kɑr hæv ə ˈjumən ˈɑpərˌeɪtər tɪ teɪk kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ˈviɪkəl ɪf ˈnɛsəˌsɛri, bət ðə ˈɑpərˌeɪtər dɪd nɑt fil ðə nid tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin. ðɛr wər noʊ sɔ ðə bəs, wi trækt ðə bəs, wi θɔt ðə bəs wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ sloʊ daʊn, wi ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ pʊl aʊt, ðɛr wɑz səm moʊˈmɛntəm ˌɪnˈvɑlvd," krɪs, hɛd əv ˈgugəl 'ɛs kɑr ˈprɑʤɛkt, toʊld ðə sɛd kɑr dɪd hæv səm riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ðə kræʃ æt ðə ˈkɔrnər əv ɛl kəˈminoʊ ril ənd ˈkæstroʊ strit, bət ɪt wɑz "nɑt blæk ənd əˈkərd wɪn ðə kɑr muvd sˈlaɪtli tɪ ðə lɛft tɪ gɪt əraʊnd ə ˈhæzərd ɪn ðə leɪn ɪt wɑz ˈmaʊntən vju bəs, wɪʧ wɑz ˈkɛriɪŋ 15 ˈpæsənʤərz, dɪd nɑt sloʊ ər muv ˈoʊvər tɪ əˈkɑməˌdeɪt ðə ʧeɪnʤ ənd ðə ˈviɪkəlz strək iʧ sɛd ðə tɛst ˈdraɪvər əˈsumd ðə bəs wʊd jild tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə ˌɛsˌjuˈvi tɪ muv əraʊnd ðə ˈhæzərd bət ɪt dɪd rɪˈpɔrt dɪd nɑt ˈæˌdrɛs fɔlt ənd ðə ˈsænə ˈklɛrə ˈvæli ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən əˈθɔrəti sɛd ɪt wɑz ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ðə dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən əv ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti həz bɪn meɪd," ən əˈθɔrəti ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən sɛd ɪn ə ˈrɪtən ˈsteɪtmənt, ðə ˌeɪˈpi ˈgugəl kˈwɪkli ækˈnɑlɪʤd ɪn ə ˈrɪtən ˈsteɪtmənt ðət ɪt bɔr æt list ˈpɑrʃəl riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ðə ˈklɪrli bɛr səm riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti, bɪˈkəz ɪf ɑr kɑr ˈhædənt muvd ðɛr ˈwʊdənt hæv bɪn ə kəˈlɪʒən," ˈsteɪtmənt sɛd ɪts ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz wər ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə kɑrz ˈsɔfˌwɛr soʊ ɪt wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ðət ˈbəsɪz maɪt nɑt jild ɛz rɪˈlaɪəbli ɛz ˈəðər kɑz maɪt, ənd kɔld ðə kræʃ "ə ˈklæsɪk ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðə nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃən ðæts ə ˈnɔrməl pɑrt əv ɔl traɪɪŋ tɪ prɪˈdɪkt iʧ ˈəðərz ˈmuvmənts," ˈgugəl ə ˈnoʊtɪd ˈkrɪtɪk əv kɑr ˈprɑʤɛkt sɛd ðə kræʃ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd waɪ səʧ ˈviɪkəlz ʃʊd nɑt bi əˈlaʊd ɔn ˈpəblɪk roʊdz. ðə ˌeɪˈpi said."clearly*, ˈroʊˌbət kɑz kænt rɪˈlaɪəbli koʊp wɪθ ˈɛvriˈdeɪ ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz," sɛd ʤɑn ɛm. ˈsɪmpsən əv ðə nɑnˈprɑfət kənˈsumər ˈwɑʧˌdɔg "ðɛr nidz tɪ bi ə ˈlaɪsənst ˈdraɪvər hu kən teɪk ˈoʊvər, ˈivɪn ɪf ɪn ðɪs keɪs ðə tɛst ˈdraɪvər feɪld tɪ stɛp ɪn ɛz hi ʃʊd hæv," hi həz bɪn ˈprɛʃərɪŋ steɪt ənd ˈfɛdərəl əˈθɔrətiz tɪ ˈligəˌlaɪz ðə juz əv ˈviɪkəlz, ˈivɪn wɪn ˈpipəl hæv ˈlɪmɪtɪd weɪz əv ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ, ðə ˌeɪˈpi sɛd. mɔr əˈbaʊt ˈgugəl,, kɑz, ˈmaʊntən vju, ˈæksədənt mɔr nuz frəm ˈgugəl kɑz ˈmaʊntən vju ˈæksədənt ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ˈlɛksəs ˌɛsˌjuˈvi kənˈsumər ˈwɑʧˌdɔg
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by by nathan salant mar 2, 2016 in technology mountain view - google rushed teams of software engineers to downtown mountain view on valentine's day to figure out why one of the company's self-driving cars struck a public bus. google has been testing the sensor and camera-equipped suvs on public roads since 2014, according to the the tech giant that agreement requires each car have a human operator to take control of the vehicle if necessary, but the operator did not feel the need to intervene. there were no injuries. "we saw the bus, we tracked the bus, we thought the bus was going to slow down, we started to pull out, there was some momentum involved," chris urmson, head of urmson said google's car did have some responsibility for the crash at the corner of el camino real and castro street, but it was "not black and white." the low-speed fender-bender occurred when the car moved slightly to the left to get around a hazard in the right-turn lane it was in. the google said the test driver assumed the bus would yield to allow the suv to move around the right-lane hazard but it did not. the dmv report did not address fault and the "no determination of liability has been made," an authority spokeswoman said in a written statement, the ap said. but google quickly acknowledged in a written statement that it bore at least partial responsibility for the crash. "we clearly bear some responsibility, because if our car hadn't moved there wouldn't have been a collision," google's statement said. google said its engineers were changing the car's software so it would be able to anticipate that buses might not yield as reliably as other cars might, and called the crash "a classic example of the negotiation that's a normal part of driving." "we're all trying to predict each other's movements," google said. but a noted critic of google's self-driving car project said the crash demonstrated why such vehicles should not be allowed on public roads. the ap said. "clearly, google's robot cars can't reliably cope with everyday driving situations," said john m. simpson of the nonprofit "there needs to be a licensed driver who can take over, even if in this case the test driver failed to step in as he should have," he said. google has been pressuring state and federal authorities to legalize the use of computer-operated vehicles, even when people have limited ways of intervening, the ap said. the car, one of 22 specially equipped lexus suvs being tested in the area around google headquarters and in austin, tex., struck a public bus at the intersection of two of mountain view's busiest streets in the afternoon of feb. 14, in what is apparently the first accident involving a self-driving car in which the vehicle was at least partly at fault.google has been testing the sensor and camera-equipped suvs on public roads since 2014, according to the associated press the tech giant reported the accident to the california dmv as required under its testing agreement with the state.that agreement requires each car have a human operator to take control of the vehicle if necessary, but the operator did not feel the need to intervene. there were no injuries."we saw the bus, we tracked the bus, we thought the bus was going to slow down, we started to pull out, there was some momentum involved," chris urmson, head of google 's self-driving car project, told the ap.urmson said google's car did have some responsibility for the crash at the corner of el camino real and castro street, but it was "not black and white."the low-speed fender-bender occurred when the car moved slightly to the left to get around a hazard in the right-turn lane it was in.the mountain view bus, which was carrying 15 passengers, did not slow or move over to accommodate the change and the vehicles struck each other.google said the test driver assumed the bus would yield to allow the suv to move around the right-lane hazard but it did not.the dmv report did not address fault and the santa clara valley transportation authority said it was investigating the accident."no determination of liability has been made," an authority spokeswoman said in a written statement, the ap said.but google quickly acknowledged in a written statement that it bore at least partial responsibility for the crash."we clearly bear some responsibility, because if our car hadn't moved there wouldn't have been a collision," google's statement said.google said its engineers were changing the car's software so it would be able to anticipate that buses might not yield as reliably as other cars might, and called the crash "a classic example of the negotiation that's a normal part of driving.""we're all trying to predict each other's movements," google said.but a noted critic of google's self-driving car project said the crash demonstrated why such vehicles should not be allowed on public roads. the ap said."clearly, google's robot cars can't reliably cope with everyday driving situations," said john m. simpson of the nonprofit consumer watchdog "there needs to be a licensed driver who can take over, even if in this case the test driver failed to step in as he should have," he said.google has been pressuring state and federal authorities to legalize the use of computer-operated vehicles, even when people have limited ways of intervening, the ap said. more about google, selfdriving, cars, mountain view, accident more news from google selfdriving cars mountain view accident liability california lexus suv dmv consumer watchdog
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mæn əˈkjuzd əv ˈbərnɪŋ ˈʧɪldrən wɪθ ˈlaɪtər ˈkɑpiˌraɪt baɪ ɔl raɪts rɪˈzərvd sɔl ˈnɪkɔləz ˈʤæksən ɪn ə kɔrt əˈpɪrəns ɔn mɑrʧ 28 2016 (koin*) ˈvɪdioʊ ˈpɔrtlənd, ɔr. (koin*) ə mæn ɪz biɪŋ hɛld ɔn ə ˌɪnˈdaɪtmənt ðət əˈkjuzɪz ɪm əv əˈsɔltɪŋ θri ˈʧɪldrən. ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ə grænd ˈʤʊri ˌɪnˈdaɪtɪd sɔl ˈnɪkɔləz ˈʤæksən wɪθ 10 kaʊnts əv ˈkrɪmənəl mɪˈstritmənt ənd 7 kaʊnts əv əˈsɔlt. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈprɑbəbəl kɔz ˌæfəˈdeɪvət, faɪld æt ðə taɪm əv ˈʤæksənz ərˈɛst, ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈstɑrtɪd bæk ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2015 wɪn pəˈlis spoʊk wɪθ ə gərl hu hæd rən əˈweɪ frəm hoʊm. ðə gərl toʊld ˈgrɛʃəm pəˈlis ðət ˈʤæksən, hər ˈməðərz ˈbɔɪˌfrɛnd, wɑz ˈspæŋkɪŋ hər ˈbrəðər wɪθ ə brəʃ ənd ðət ɪz waɪ ʃi hæd rən əˈweɪ. pəˈlis ˈnoʊtəˌfaɪd dhs*. wən əv ðə ˈʧɪldrən meɪd ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ðət ˈʤæksən "wɪps ðɛm ˈfrikwɛntli ənd ˈɔlsoʊ bərnz ðɛm wɪθ ˈlaɪtərz," əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts. ʧaɪld əˈbjuz ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz ˈnoʊtɪd ðət wən əv ðə ˈʧɪldrən hæd ˈskɑrɪŋ əˈkrɔs ðə ˈəpər ənd loʊər bæk. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt baɪ ɔl raɪts rɪˈzərvd sɔl ˈnɪkɔləz ˈʤæksən, 36 ʃoʊn ɪn ə ʤeɪl ˈbʊkɪŋ ˈfoʊˌtoʊ prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ˌməlˈnoʊmə ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt baɪ ɔl raɪts rɪˈzərvd sɔl ˈnɪkɔləz ˈʤæksən, 36 ʃoʊn ɪn ə ʤeɪl ˈbʊkɪŋ ˈfoʊˌtoʊ prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ˌməlˈnoʊmə ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs. ʧaɪld əˈbjuz ˈdɑktərz ˈnoʊtɪd ðət əˈnəðər ʧaɪld hæd bərnz tɪ ðɛr lɛft pɑm ðət wʊd bi kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ ə ˈlaɪtər bərn, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts. əˈnəðər ʧaɪld meɪd ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ðət ˈʤæksən wɪθˈhɛld fud frəm ðə ˈsɪblɪŋz. ɔn mɑrʧ 17 ˈʤæksən wɑz ərˈɛstɪd baɪ dɪˈtɛktɪvz əˈsaɪnd tɪ ðə ˌməlˈnoʊmə ˈkaʊnti ʧaɪld əˈbjuz tim. ˈrɛkərdz ʃoʊ ðət hi həz 5 ˈfɛləni, 1 ˌmɪsdəˈminər ənd 4 proʊˈbeɪʃən vaɪəˈleɪʃən kənˈvɪkʃənz. hɪz ˈfɛləni ˈrɛkərd ˌɪnˈkludz kənˈvɪkʃənz fər ˈaɪˈdi θɛft ənd θɛft. ˈʤæksən həz bɪn ˈɔrdərd nɑt tɪ hæv ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ðə ˈʧɪldrən. hi ɪz ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ əˈpɪr ɪn kɔrt ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ æt a.m*. æt ðə ˌməlˈnoʊmə ˈkaʊnti ˈʤəstɪs ˈsɛnər. nən əv ðə ʧaɪld ər baɪəˈlɑʤɪkli ˈʤæksənz.
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man accused of burning children with lighter copyright by koin - all rights reserved saul nickolas jackson in a court appearance on march 28, 2016 (koin) [ + - ] video
portland, ore. (koin) – a 36-year-old man is being held on a 17-count indictment that accuses him of assaulting three children.
on friday, a grand jury indicted saul nickolas jackson with 10 counts of first-degree criminal mistreatment and 7 counts of third-degree assault.
according to a probable cause affidavit, filed at the time of jackson's arrest, the investigation started back in july 2015 when police spoke with a girl who had run away from home.
the girl told gresham police that jackson, her mother's boyfriend, was spanking her brother with a brush and that is why she had run away.
police notified dhs. one of the children made allegations that jackson "whips them frequently and also burns them with lighters," according to court documents.
child abuse investigators noted that one of the children had scarring across the upper and lower back.
copyright by koin - all rights reserved saul nickolas jackson, 36, shown in a jail booking photo provided by multnomah county sheriff's office.
copyright by koin - all rights reserved saul nickolas jackson, 36, shown in a jail booking photo provided by multnomah county sheriff's office.
child abuse doctors noted that another child had burns to their left palm that would be consistent with a lighter burn, according to court documents.
another child made allegations that jackson withheld food from the siblings.
on march 17, jackson was arrested by detectives assigned to the multnomah county child abuse team.
records show that he has 5 felony, 1 misdemeanor and 4 probation violation convictions. his felony record includes convictions for id theft and first-degree theft.
jackson has been ordered not to have contact with the children.
he is scheduled to appear in court on monday at 9:30 a.m. at the multnomah county justice center. none of the child are biologically jackson's.
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““a* kwaɪət deɪ ɔn ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ front”*” ræn ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈhɛˌdlaɪn ɔn peɪʤ 9 təˈdeɪ, ənd ˌɪnˈdid ɪt kʊd ɪkˈstɛnd ˈsəmˈwət tɪ ðə ˈpeɪpər, wɪθ ðə nuz biɪŋ ə ˈvɛri fəˈmɪljər mɪks. ðə ˈjuʒəwəl rɪˈpɔrts əv ˈæˌlaɪd səkˈsɛsɪz (si ˈpeɪʤɪz 9 ənd 10 ənd lɛs ˈpɑzətɪv rɪˈpɔrts əˈbaʊt ðə ˈsɛntrəl paʊərz (fər ɪgˈzæmpəl juz əv ˈdəmi ˈsoʊlʤərz ɔn ðə dəʧ ˈbɔrdər ɔn peɪʤ 9 waɪlst ɪt wɑz əˈnəðər flæg deɪ ɪn ˈbrɪtən, ðɪs taɪm fər ðə ˈseɪlərz (peɪʤ 8 wɪθ əˈnəðər wən kɔld əv ˈɑnər day”*” plænd fər ə taɪm (peɪʤ 12 əˈmɛrɪkən ˈʤərnəlɪsts prəˈvaɪd ən ˈɑrtɪkəl əˈbaʊt ðə frɛnʧ ˈɑrmi (peɪʤ 8 ənd ən ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ ðə ˈʤərmən kraʊn prɪns hu kəmˈpleɪnz ðət əˈmɛrɪkə ɪz nɑt səˈfɪʃəntli ˈnutrəl (peɪʤ 10 waɪlst frəm ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ saɪd ə rɪˈpɔrt əˈbaʊt ðə ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz əv kɑr skˈwɑdrənz əˈtæʧt tɪ ðə ˈrəʃən ˈɑrmi əˈpɪrz ɔn peɪʤ 7
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“a quiet day on the british front” ran the central headline on page 9 today, and indeed it could extend somewhat to the paper, with the news being a very familiar mix. there’s the usual reports of allied successes (see pages 9 and 10) and less positive reports about the central powers (for example germany’s use of dummy soldiers on the dutch border on page 9) whilst it was another flag day in britain, this time for the sailors (page 8), with another one called “roll of honour day” planned for a month’s time (page 12). american journalists provide an article about the french army (page 8) and an interview with the german crown prince who complains that america is not sufficiently neutral (page 10) whilst from the british side a report about the experiences of armoured car squadrons attached to the russian army appears on page 7.
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ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ ˈsɪti (afp*) ˈmɛksəkən ˈprɛzɪdənt ɛnˈrikeɪ ˈpɛnə ˈniətoʊ kənˈdɛmd ˈtɛksəs ˈgəvərnər rɪk ˈpɛriz dɪˈplɔɪmənt əv trups tɪ ðə ˈbɔrdər tɪ kərb ˌɪˈligəl ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən, ˈkɔlɪŋ ðə muv "ənˈplɛzənt" ənd "dɪˈplɔrəbəl." "ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli ənˈplɛzənt, aɪ θɪŋk ɪt ɪz ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnsəbəl," ˈpɛnə ˈniətoʊ sɛd ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ ɛl ˌjunəˈvərsəl ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ˈpəblɪʃt ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ. ˈpɛnə ˈniətoʊ sɛd ðə dɪˈplɔɪmənt goʊz əˈgɛnst ðə ˈneɪbərli taɪz ðət hæv bɪn ɪˈstæblɪʃt wɪθ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt. "ðɪs ˈætəˌtud ɪz ˈtoʊtəli dɪˈplɔrəbəl ənd dɪz nɑt riˈzɑlv ə ˈprɑbləm ə ˈprɑbləm ðət wi hæv tɪ feɪs ɪn ə ʤɔɪnt ˈmænər," hi sɛd. ˈpɛri, ə rɪˈpəblɪkən sin ɛz ə ˈlaɪkli ˈkænədɪt fər ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪn 2016 ˈɔrdərd ðə dɪˈplɔɪmənt ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə ˈsəmər sərʤ əv ˌənəˈkəmpənid ʧaɪld ˈmaɪgrənts æt ðə ˈbɔrdər. ðə fərst ˈnæʃənəl gɑrd trups əraɪvd æt ðə ˈbɔrdər læst mənθ. ˈpɛriz ˈɔfəs ˈɪʃud ə ˈsteɪtmənt ðɪs wik seɪɪŋ trups hæd ˌvɑlənˈtɪrd tɪ fɪl ðə pəˈzɪʃənz hi ˈɔθərˌaɪzd ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 21 ðə sərʤ rɪˈvaɪvd ə dɪˈvaɪsɪv dəˈbeɪt ˈoʊvər ˌɪˈligəl ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, wɪθ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈteɪkɪŋ faɪər frəm foʊz ənd ˈælaɪz ˈæftər hi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ dɪˈleɪ ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən rɪˈfɔrm ənˈtɪl ˈæftər noʊˈvɛmbərz ˈmɪdˌtərm ɪˈlɛkʃənz. ˈjuˈɛs əˈθɔrətiz seɪ ðeɪ kɔt mɔr ðən ˌənəˈkəmpənid ˈʧɪldrən æt ðə ˈbɔrdər wɪθ ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ bɪtˈwin ɑkˈtoʊbər 2013 ənd ˈɔgəst ðɪs jɪr, ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə ˈtuˈfoʊld ˌɪnˈkris frəm ðə ˈpriviəs ˈfɪskəl jɪr. bət ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈʧɪldrən ˈtrævəlɪŋ əˈloʊn moʊst frəm ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkə həz drɑpt ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsəmər, frəm ə pik əv ɪn ʤun tɪ læst mənθ.
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mexico city (afp) - mexican president enrique pena nieto condemned texas governor rick perry's deployment of troops to the border to curb illegal immigration, calling the move "unpleasant" and "deplorable."
"it is not only unpleasant, i think it is reprehensible," pena nieto said in an interview with el universal newspaper published on friday.
pena nieto said the deployment goes against the neighborly ties that have been established with the us federal government.
"this attitude is totally deplorable and does not resolve a problem a problem that we have to face in a joint manner," he said.
perry, a republican seen as a likely candidate for president in 2016, ordered the deployment in july following a summer surge of unaccompanied child migrants at the border.
the first national guard troops arrived at the border last month.
perry's office issued a statement this week saying 2,200 troops had volunteered to fill the 1,000 positions he authorized on july 21.
the surge revived a divisive debate over illegal immigration in the united states, with president barack obama taking fire from foes and allies after he decided to delay immigration reform until after november's midterm elections.
us authorities say they caught more than 66,000 unaccompanied children at the border with mexico between october 2013 and august this year, almost a twofold increase from the previous fiscal year.
but the number of children traveling alone -- most from central america -- has dropped over the summer, from a peak of 10,622 in june to 3,141 last month.
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ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri səbˈmɪʃən tɪ ˈsɛnɪt ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ˈtrɪgərz ˈleɪbər kɔlz fər ʤɔrʤ ˈbrændɪs tɪ rɪˈzaɪn, bət əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl meɪnˈteɪnz ðɛr wɑz ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl sɪz hi wɑz nɑt ˈfʊli kənˈsəltɪd ɔn rɪˈvoʊkɪŋ ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp ər ˈmɛrɪʤ ɪkˈwɑləti ðə ˈkɑmənˌwɛlθ səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl həz sɛd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt dɪd nɑt sik hɪz ˈkaʊnsəl ɪn ən ˈɔrdərli weɪ ɔn ˈsɛnsɪtɪv ˈligəl prəˈpoʊzəlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈwɛðər ɪts kənˈtɛnʃəs ˈpɑləsi tɪ rɪˈvoʊk ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp fər duəl ˈnæʃənəlz wɑz ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl ənd ðə ˈligəl ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəmz prəˈpoʊzd tɪ pərˈsu ˈmɛrɪʤ ɪkˈwɑləti. ðə ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz ər kənˈteɪnd ɪn ən ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri səbˈmɪʃən ˈʤəstɪn ˈglizən həz meɪd tɪ ə ˈsɛnɪt ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ˈɪntu ə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl dɪˈsɪʒən meɪd baɪ ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl, ʤɔrʤ ˈbrændɪs, tɪ stɑp ðə ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈligəl ədˈvaɪs tɪ ˈɛniˌwən ɪn ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɪˈθaʊt ɪkˈsplɪsət əˈpruvəl. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt klɪr ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz prəˈsidɪŋ ɔn ˈsɛnsɪtɪv ˈpɑləsi ˈmætərz wɪθ ˈoʊnli ˌɪntərˈmɪtənt ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən, ˈglizən ˌɪnˈsɪsts ɛmˈfætɪkəli ɪn hɪz səbˈmɪʃən ðət ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl dɪd nɑt kənˈsəlt ɪm ˌbiˈfɔr ˈɪʃuɪŋ ə nu dɪˈrɛktɪv riˈstrɪktɪŋ hɪz skoʊp tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈligəl ədˈvaɪs əˈkrɔs ðə ˈgəvərnmənt. dɪd ʤɔrʤ ˈbrændɪs mɪsˈlid ˈpɑrləmɛnt ˈoʊvər səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz? ˈrɪʧərd ˈæklənd rɛd mɔr əˈkaʊnt dɪˈrɛkli ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkts ə ˈsteɪtmənt ˈbrændɪs meɪd tɪ ˈpɑrləmɛnt əˈbaʊt ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. ˈleɪbər həz kɔld fər ˈbrændɪs tɪ rɪˈzaɪn ˈoʊvər ðə əˈfɛr. ðə səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl sɛd hi hæd ˈrɪtən tɪ ˈbrændɪs ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər 2015 rɪkˈwɛstɪŋ ə ˈmitɪŋ əˈbaʊt kənˈsərnz hi hæd əˈbaʊt liˈeɪˌzɑn prəˈsiʤərz bɪtˈwin ˈeɪʤənsiz ənd hɪz ˈɔfəs əˈbaʊt ˈsɛnsɪtɪv ˈligəl ˈɪʃuz. noʊ taɪm æt ðət ˈmitɪŋ dɪd ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɪndəˌkeɪt hi wɑz kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ˈɪʃuɪŋ ə ˈligəli ˈbaɪndɪŋ dɪˈrɛkʃɪn kənˈsərnɪŋ ðə pərˈfɔrməns əv ðə ˈfəŋkʃənz əv ðə səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl ər ə rɪkˈwaɪrmənt ðət ə ˈkɑmənˌwɛlθ ˈpərsən əv ˈbɑdi kʊd ˈoʊnli əˈproʊʧ ðə səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl ˈæftər rɪˈsivɪŋ ðə əˈtərni ədˈvæns approval,”*,” ˈglizən sɪz ɪn hɪz səbˈmɪʃən. hi sɪz hæd hi bɪn kənˈsəltɪd wʊd hæv meɪd ə səbˈmɪʃən tɪ ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl, ɪn ðə ˈstrɔŋgəst terms”*” ðət ðə ʧeɪnʤ ʃʊd nɑt pərˈsid. bət ˈbrændɪs, ɪn ə ˈlɛŋθi səbˈmɪʃən tɪ ðə ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ðət həz nɑt jɛt bɪn meɪd ˈpəblɪk, ɪz kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ tɪ ˈɑrgju ðət ˈglizən wɑz kənˈsəltɪd æt ðɛr ˈmitɪŋ ðə ˈvɛri ˈɪʃu [ˈsəbsəkwəntli] dɛlt wɪθ baɪ ðə dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ənd ðə ˈgaɪdəns note”*”. ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl sɪz ðət ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɑz ðə meɪn ˈpərpəs əv ðɛr ˈmitɪŋ, ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi ækˈnɑlɪʤɪz ˈəðər ““unrelated”*” ˈɪʃuz wər ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈskəst. ˈbrændɪs goʊz ɔn tɪ seɪ ɪn hɪz səbˈmɪʃən ðət hi həz rɪˈsivd noʊ kəmˈpleɪnts əˈbaʊt haʊ ðə nu dɪˈrɛktɪv ɪz ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ˈpræktɪs ənd ˈglizən həz nɑt rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən əv 16 ˈɔgəst tɪ dɪˈskəs ˈɛni kənˈsərnz wɪθ me”*”. ðə ˈʃæˌdoʊ əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl, mɑrk ˈdreɪfəs, həz sɛd səbˈmɪʃən ənd ɪts ““unequivocal”*” rɪˈbətəl əv brandis’*’ əˈkaʊnt əv ðɛr ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃənz səˈʤɛsts ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl həz mɪsˈlɛd ðə ˈpɑrləmɛnt. ˈbrændɪs həz əˈtɛmptəd ðɪs paʊər græb ənd ðɛn ˈkəvərd ɪt əp baɪ ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðət hi hæd kənˈsəltɪd ðə solicitor-general,”*,” ˈdreɪfəs sɛd. ɪt wɑz rɪˈvild ðət ˈsɛnətər ˈbrændɪs dɪd nɑt kənˈsəlt ðə səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl, ənd hi ˌɪgˈnɔrd ə ˈlɛtər ðə səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl hæd ˈrɪtən tɪ ɪm, ɪkˈsprɛsɪŋ hɪz ˌdɪsætɪsˈfækʃən əˈbaʊt ðə decision.”*.” ˈbrændɪs həz mɪsˈlɛd ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈpɑrləmɛnt ənd laɪd tɪ ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈpipəl. hi həz noʊ ʧɔɪs bət tɪ resign.”*.” ðə grinz hæv ˈɔlsoʊ ɪkˈsprɛst əˈlɑrm ðət ðə səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl wɑz nɑt kənˈsəltɪd ɪn ən ˈɔrdərli weɪ əˈbaʊt ki ˈligəl ˈmætərz. ər ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz frəm ðə səˈlɪsətər general,”*,” sɛd ðə grinz ˈsɛnətər nɪk məˈkɪm, hu pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ɪn ˈsɛnɪt ˈhirɪŋz. ɪz klɪr ðət ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈvərʒən əv ðə əˈmɛndmənts tɪ ðə ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp ækt wɑz ˈteɪbəld wɪˈθaʊt ˈsikɪŋ ədˈvaɪs frəm ðə səˈlɪsətər general,”*,” məˈkɪm sɛd. ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛz ˈsɪriəs ənd ˈdræstɪk ɛz riˈmuvɪŋ ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp frəm ən ɔˈstreɪljən ˈsɪtɪzən tɪ nɑt hæv bɪn beɪst ɔn ðə ədˈvaɪs əv ðə səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl ʃoʊz ə ˈgəvərnmənt æt bɛst dɪˈsɪntrɪstɪd ɪn ðə rul əv lɔ, ənd æt wərst kəmˈplitli kənˈtɛmpʧuəs əv it.”*.” məˈkɪm sɛd ðə ““sidelining”*” əv ˈglizən frəm dɪˌlɪbərˈeɪʃənz əˈbaʊt ˈmɛrɪʤ ɪkˈwɑləti ən ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈfeɪljər wɪʧ ˈklɪrli geɪv raɪz tɪ səʧ kənˈsərn baɪ ˈmɪstər ˈglizən ðət hi reɪzd ɪt wɪθ ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ənd hɪz department”*”. ɪn hɪz ˌkɔrəˈspɑndəns ˈglizən sɪz hi wɑz æst tɪ prəˈvaɪd ən əˈpɪnjən ɔn ðə ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp prəˈpoʊzəl ɪn ˈɔgəst 2014 ˈdʊrɪŋ ɪts fərst ˌɪtəˈreɪʃən. mɑrʧ 2015 ɛz aɪ ˈlərnɪd məʧ ˈleɪtər, ðə prəˈpoʊzəl wɑz sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli rɪˈvaɪzd wɪˈθɪn ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ənd ˈbɔrdər protection,”*,” hi sɪz. hi sɪz ədˈvaɪs wɑz sɔt ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst θri mənθs frəm ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt səˈlɪsətər ɛz ðə prəˈpoʊzəlz wər rɪˈfaɪnd. baɪ ˈæksədənt, ðə ˈmætər keɪm tɪ maɪ əˈtɛnʃən əˈgɛn ɪn ʤun frəm lɔz tɪ ˈstrɪpɪŋ ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp wi məst əˈpoʊz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ steɪt kənˈtroʊl ˈʤeɪsən ˈwɪlsən rɛd mɔr ˈglizən ðɛn prəˈsidəd tɪ prəˈvaɪd səm ədˈvaɪs ˈəndər əˈkjut taɪm kənˈstreɪnts ɔn ðə nɛkst version”*”. ðə bɪl wɑz ˈsəbsəkwəntli ˈteɪbəld, wɪθ ˈfərðər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz, wɪˈθaʊt ˈsikɪŋ hɪz ədˈvaɪs. ə ki ˈɪʃu θruaʊt ðə proʊˈtræktɪd ˌɪnˈtərnəl dəˈbeɪt ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən prəˈpoʊzəl wɑz ðə ˌkɑnstɪˌtuʃəˈnælɪti ər ˈəðərˌwaɪz əv ðə ʧeɪnʤ. ðə səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl meɪks ðə pɔɪnt ðət hɪz ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz ˈstɪpjəˌleɪt ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ˈərli ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃənz ɪn ˈmætərz wɛr ɪt ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ əˈpɪr ɪn prəˈsidɪŋz kənˈsərnɪŋ ðoʊz ˈmætərz. hi sɪz ɪn hɪz ˌkɔrəˈspɑndəns tɪ ˈbrændɪs hi ɪz ˈsɛtɪŋ aʊt hɪz kənˈsərnz ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðeɪ kən bi dɪˈskəst ““constructively”*”.
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extraordinary submission to senate inquiry triggers labor calls for george brandis to resign, but attorney general maintains there was consultation
solicitor general says he was not fully consulted on revoking citizenship or marriage equality
the commonwealth solicitor general has said the government did not seek his counsel in an orderly way on sensitive legal proposals, including whether its contentious policy to revoke citizenship for dual nationals was constitutional and the legal mechanisms proposed to pursue marriage equality.
the revelations are contained in an extraordinary no-holds-barred submission justin gleeson has made to a senate inquiry into a controversial decision made by the attorney general, george brandis, to stop the solicitor-general giving legal advice to anyone in the government without brandis’s explicit approval.
in addition to making it clear the government was proceeding on sensitive policy matters with only intermittent consultation, gleeson insists emphatically in his submission that the attorney general did not consult him before issuing a new directive restricting his scope to provide legal advice across the government.
did george brandis mislead parliament over solicitor general changes? | richard ackland read more
gleeson’s account directly contradicts a statement brandis made to parliament about the process. labor has called for brandis to resign over the affair.
the solicitor general said he had written to brandis in november 2015 requesting a meeting about concerns he had about liaison procedures between agencies and his office about sensitive legal issues.
“at no time at that meeting did the attorney general indicate he was considering issuing a legally binding direction concerning the performance of the functions of the solicitor general or a requirement that a commonwealth person of body could only approach the solicitor general after receiving the attorney general’s advance approval,” gleeson says in his submission.
he says had he been consulted “i would have made a submission to the attorney general, in the strongest terms” that the change should not proceed.
but brandis, in a lengthy submission to the inquiry that has not yet been made public, is continuing to argue that gleeson was consulted at their one-hour meeting “about the very issue [subsequently] dealt with by the direction and the guidance note”.
the attorney general says that conversation was the main purpose of their meeting, although he acknowledges other “unrelated” issues were also discussed.
brandis goes on to say in his submission that he has received no complaints about how the new directive is working in practice and gleeson has not responded to “an invitation of 16 august to discuss any concerns with me”.
the shadow attorney general, mark dreyfus, has said gleeson’s submission and its “unequivocal” rebuttal of brandis’ account of their consultations suggests the attorney general has misled the parliament.
“senator brandis has attempted this power grab and then covered it up by claiming that he had consulted the solicitor-general,” dreyfus said.
“today it was revealed that senator brandis did not consult the solicitor general, and he ignored a letter the solicitor general had written to him, expressing his dissatisfaction about the decision.”
“senator brandis has misled the australian parliament and lied to the australian people. he has no choice but to resign.”
the greens have also expressed alarm that the solicitor general was not consulted in an orderly way about key legal matters. “these are extraordinary revelations from the solicitor general,” said the greens senator nick mckim, who participated in wednesday’s senate hearings.
“it is clear that the final version of the amendments to the citizenship act was tabled without seeking advice from the solicitor general,” mckim said.
“for something as serious and drastic as removing citizenship from an australian citizen to not have been based on the advice of the solicitor general shows a government at best disinterested in the rule of law, and at worst completely contemptuous of it.”
mckim said the “sidelining” of gleeson from deliberations about marriage equality “is an extraordinary failure which clearly gave rise to such concern by mr gleeson that he raised it with the attorney general and his department”.
in his correspondence gleeson says he was asked to provide an opinion on the citizenship proposal in august 2014 during its first iteration.
“in march 2015, as i learned much later, the proposal was significantly revised within the department of immigration and border protection,” he says.
he says advice was sought over the next three months from the australian government solicitor as the proposals were refined. “almost by accident, the matter came to my attention again in june 2015.”
from lock-out laws to stripping citizenship – we must oppose increasing state control | jason wilson read more
gleeson then proceeded to provide some “urgent advice under acute time constraints on the next version”. the bill was subsequently tabled, with further changes, without seeking his advice.
a key issue throughout the government’s protracted internal debate over the citizenship revocation proposal was the constitutionality or otherwise of the change.
the solicitor general makes the point that his guidelines stipulate the importance of early consultations in matters where it is likely to appear in proceedings concerning those matters.
he says in his correspondence to brandis he is setting out his concerns in writing to ensure they can be discussed “constructively”.
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ɪz nɔrθ ˌkɔˈriə ˌɪˈræʃənəl? ər dɪz ɪt ʤɪst priˈtɛnd tɪ bi? nɔrθ ˌkɔˈriə həz ˈgɪvɪn ðə wərld ˈæmpəl ˈrizən tɪ æsk: θrɛts əv wɔr, ɔˈkeɪʒənəl əˈtæks əˈgɛnst saʊθ ˌkɔˈriə, ˌɛkˈsɛntrɪk ˈlidərz ənd ˌprɑpəˈgændə. ɛz ɪts ˈnukliər ənd ˈmɪsəl ˈproʊˌgræmz hæv groʊn, ðɪs pæst wik wɪθ ə fɪθ ˈnukliər tɛst, ðət kənˈsərn həz groʊn mɔr ˈərʤənt. bət pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsaɪəntɪsts hæv rɪˈpitɪdli ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd ðɪs kˈwɛʃən ənd, taɪm ənd əˈgɛn, ˈimərʤd wɪθ ðə seɪm ˈænsər: nɔrθ bɪˈheɪvjər, fɑr frəm ˈkreɪzi, ɪz ɔl tu ˈræʃənəl. ɪts bəˈlɪʤərəns, ðeɪ kənˈklud, əˈpɪrz ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ə wik, ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd ˈgəvərnmənt ðət wʊd ˈəðərˌwaɪz səˈkəm tɪ ðə ˈfɔrsɪz əv ˈhɪstəri. ɪts ˌprɑvəˈkeɪʃənz ˌɪntrəˈdus trɪˈmɛndəs ˈdeɪnʤər, bət steɪv ɔf wət ˈpjɔŋˈjæŋ siz ɛz ðə ˈivɪn ˈgreɪtər θrɛts əv ˌɪnˈveɪʒən ər kəˈlæps. ˈdɛni rɔɪ, ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsaɪəntɪst, roʊt ɪn ə 1994 ˈʤərnəl ˈɑrtɪkəl ðət ðə ɛz ə state’”*’” ənd fər violence”*” hæd tɪ nɔrθ advantage,”*,” ˈkipɪŋ mɔr ˈpaʊərfəl ˈɛnəmiz æt beɪ. bət ðɪs ˈɪmɪʤ, hi kənˈkludɪd, wɑz ə ˈprɑdəkt əv ˌmɪsəndərˈstændɪŋ ənd propaganda.”*.”
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is north korea irrational? or does it just pretend to be?
north korea has given the world ample reason to ask: threats of war, occasional attacks against south korea, eccentric leaders and wild-eyed propaganda. as its nuclear and missile programs have grown, this past week with a fifth nuclear test, that concern has grown more urgent.
but political scientists have repeatedly investigated this question and, time and again, emerged with the same answer: north korea’s behavior, far from crazy, is all too rational.
its belligerence, they conclude, appears calculated to maintain a weak, isolated government that would otherwise succumb to the forces of history. its provocations introduce tremendous danger, but stave off what pyongyang sees as the even greater threats of invasion or collapse.
denny roy, a political scientist, wrote in a still-cited 1994 journal article that the country’s “reputation as a ‘crazy state’” and for “reckless violence” had “worked to north korea’s advantage,” keeping more powerful enemies at bay. but this image, he concluded, was “largely a product of misunderstanding and propaganda.”
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ɑkˈtoʊbər 13 2010 ˈɛdwərd, dɪˈrɛktər əv ʤɔrʤ ˈmeɪsən ˈsɛnər fər ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən, θɪŋks ðət məʧ əv ðə ˈjuˈɛs həz ðə rɔŋ aɪˈdiə ɔn ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ. waɪl ə lɑrʤ məˈʤɔrəti θɪŋk ðət ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ, hi pɔɪnts aʊt ðət ðeɪ ər tu ənˈsərtən əˈbaʊt ðə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈɛvədəns. məˈʤɔrəti əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpəblɪk, ɑr ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, ənd ɑr ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən nuz dɪˈrɛktərz hæv ɔl riʧt ən ɛˈroʊniəs kənˈkluʒən səˈʤɛstɪd baɪ ˈɪndəstriz wɪθ ə ˈvɛstɪd ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə ˈstætəs quo,”*,” toʊld ˈsɪmpəl ˈklaɪmɪt. ““namely*, ðə məˈʤɔrəti bɪˈliv ðət ðɛr ɪz kənˈsɪdərəbəl dɪsəˈgrimənt əˈməŋ ˈsaɪəntɪsts əˈbaʊt ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ. ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈstədiz hæv ʃoʊn ðət ˈoʊvər 95 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈlidɪŋ ˈɛkspərts ɔn ˈklaɪmɪt saɪəns ˈæktɪv ˈklaɪmɪt saɪəns ˈrisərʧərz hæv kənˈkludɪd ðət ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ ən ˌɪnˈkris ɪn ðə ˈgloʊbəl min ˈtɛmpərəʧər ˈrɛlətɪv tɪ ə ˈɪrə ˈbeɪsˌlaɪn ɪz ril ənd ðət ɪt ɪz ˈlɑrʤli human-caused.”*.” “4c”*” ˈsɛntər ˈpəblɪʃt ɪts θərd ˈsərˌveɪ əv ˈjuˈɛs ˈpəblɪk əˈpɪnjən ɔn ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ʤun ənd ˌʤuˈlaɪ, kənˈdəktəd ˈʤɔɪntli wɪθ jeɪl ˌjunəˈvərsəti tɪ gɪt ˈoʊvər 1000 ˈaʊˌtlʊk. ɪt faʊnd ðət twɛlv aʊt əv ˈɛvəri tˈwɛnti ˈpipəl ˈsərˌveɪd θɪŋk ðət ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ, kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ʤɪst fɔr aʊt əv tˈwɛnti ðət don’t*. baɪ ˈkɑntræst ˈoʊnli ˈsɛvən aʊt əv tˈwɛnti θɔt ˈsaɪəntɪsts əˈgrid ðət ɪt ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ, waɪl naɪn aʊt əv tˈwɛnti θɔt ðət ðɛr wɑz ə lɔt əv dɪsəˈgrimənt. pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈɪnfluəns ˌɔlˈðoʊ moʊst əv ðə ˈpipəl æst du θɪŋk ðət ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ, ðə ʤun rɪˈzəlts ər stɪl loʊər ðən ðə fərst ˈsərˌveɪ kənˈdəktəd ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər 2008 wɪn ˌfɔrˈtin aʊt əv tˈwɛnti fɛl ˈɪntu ðɪs grup. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt ɪz ə slaɪt ˌɪmˈpruvmənt frəm ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsərˌveɪ, kənˈdəktəd ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, wɪʧ faʊnd ðət ʤɪst 11 əv əv 20 θɔt ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ. səm əv ðɪs ɪz du tɪ ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈjuˈɛs ˈpɑləˌtɪks, wɪʧ ɪkˈspleɪnz həz ˈvɛri lɑrʤ ˌɪmˈpækt, fər ˈbɛtər ənd worse”*”. ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm, aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ə groʊɪŋ prəˈpɔrʃən əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpəblɪk wɪl kəm tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðət ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ ɪz ril, human-caused*, ənd ə ˈsɪriəs θrɛt tɪ ˈpipəl hir ənd elsewhere,”*,” sɛd. sɛd, æt ˈprɛzənt, ðə ˈɪʃu ɪz biɪŋ dɪˈfaɪnd ˈlɑrʤli ɪn pəˈlɪtɪkəl tərmz, ənd ðɛr ɪz groʊɪŋ ˈprɛʃər ɔn pəˈlɪtɪkəl kənˈsərvətɪvz nɑt tɪ əkˈsɛpt ðə kənˈkluʒənz əv ðə ˈklaɪmɪt scientists.”*.” ˈwɛðərɪŋ ðə daʊt ˌhaʊˈɛvər, noʊts, ðɛr ər ˈpipəl ðət ðə ˈpəblɪk ər mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ trəst ðən ðɛr pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈlidərz ɔn ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ. wən səʧ grup ɪz ˈwɛðər ˈfɔrˌkæstərz. ðə ˈjuˈɛs, ðə ˈpəblɪk filz ðə ər ə ˈkrɛdəbəl sɔrs əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ, ənd ənˈlaɪk ˈɛni ˈəðər prəˈfɛʃənəlz ər ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ðət ər sin ɛz ˈkrɛdəbəl, hæv ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ spik tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk frequently,”*,” hi sɛd. ˈəðər wərdz, ðeɪ hæv boʊθ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk ənd ðə trəst əv ðə public.”*.” jɛt, wɪn ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ðɛr rɪˈspɑns tɪ læst ““climategate”*” ˈskændəl, faʊnd ðət wər mɔr ˈɪnfluənst baɪ pəˈlɪtɪkəl bɪˈlifs ðən hi θɔt ðeɪ wʊd bi. hæd əˈsumd ðət: (ə) mɔr krəˈdɛnʃəld hæv mɔr ˈtreɪnɪŋ ɪn saɪəns, ˌmitiərˈɑləʤi spəˈsɪfɪkli; (bi) wɪθ mɔr ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈtreɪnɪŋ wɪl bi mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ əˈsɛs ðə ˈɪʃu θru ə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk lɛnz, ˈrəðər ðən θru ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl lɛnz; ənd (si) ˈgɪvɪn ðət ðə væst məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈklaɪmɪt ˈsaɪəntɪsts hæv riʧt ðə seɪm kənˈkluʒən əˈbaʊt ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ mɔr krəˈdɛnʃəld wʊd bi mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ riʧ ðə seɪm kənˈkluʒən [ɛz ðə ˈklaɪmɪt ˈsaɪəntɪsts] ðən lɛs krəˈdɛnʃəld weathercasters,”*,” hi ɪkˈspleɪnd. list wən əv maɪ əˈsəmpʃənz wɑz ˈklɪrli wrong.”*.” soʊ, ˈrəðər ðən riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ˈəðər grups tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðɛr wərk fər ðɛm, kɔlz ɔn ˈrisərʧərz tɪ wərk ˈhɑrdər ɔn ˈklɪrɪŋ əp ˈɛni ˌmɪsəndərˈstændɪŋz ɔn ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ. ˈsaɪəntɪsts ənd ðoʊz əv ˈjuˈɛs hu ər ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ðɛm tɪ ʃɛr wət ðeɪ noʊ wɪθ ðə ˈbrɔdər ˈpəblɪk nid tɪ du ə ˈbɛtər ʤɑb əv ˈklɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ ˈkrɪtɪkəl fækts fər ðə public,”*,” hi sɛd. sərv ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈɪntərɪsts tɪ dɪˈnaɪ ˈprɑbləmz ðət ər ril. ˈhoʊpfəli, wi kən gɪt bɪɔnd ˈhævɪŋ ənˈhɛlpfəl dəˈbeɪts əˈbaʊt wət saɪəns həz ɔˈrɛdi ʃoʊn tɪ bi ril, ənd ˌɪnˈstɛd ˈfoʊkɪs ɑr ˈpæʃənət dəˈbeɪts ɔn wət wi ʧuz tɪ du əˈbaʊt ðə problem.”*.” ˈædvərˌtaɪzmənts
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october 13, 2010 — andyextance
edward maibach, director of george mason university’s center for climate change communication, thinks that much of the us has the wrong idea on climate change. while a large majority think that global warming is happening, he points out that they are too uncertain about the underlying evidence.
“the majority of the american public, our tv weathercasters, and our tv news directors have all reached an erroneous conclusion suggested by industries with a vested interest in the status quo,” maibach told simple climate. “namely, the majority believe that there is considerable disagreement among scientists about whether or not global warming is happening. a number of studies have shown that over 95 percent of the leading experts on climate science – active climate science researchers – have concluded that global warming – an increase in the global mean temperature relative to a pre-industrial era baseline – is real and that it is largely human-caused.”
maibach’s “4c” centre published its third survey of us public opinion on climate change in june and july, conducted jointly with yale university to get over 1000 people’s outlook. it found that twelve out of every twenty people surveyed think that global warming is happening, compared to just four out of twenty that don’t. by contrast only seven out of twenty thought scientists agreed that it is happening, while nine out of twenty thought that there was a lot of disagreement.
political influence
although most of the people asked do think that global warming is happening, the june results are still lower than the first 4c survey conducted in november 2008, when fourteen out of twenty fell into this group. however, it is a slight improvement from the second 4c survey, conducted in january, which found that just 11 of of 20 thought climate change is happening. some of this is due to internal us politics, which maibach explains has “a very large impact, for better and worse”.
“over the long-term, i believe that a growing proportion of the american public will come to understand that climate change is real, human-caused, and a serious threat to people here and elsewhere,” said maibach. “that said, at present, the issue is being defined largely in political terms, and there is growing pressure on political conservatives not to accept the conclusions of the climate scientists.”
weathering the doubt
however, maibach notes, there are people that the public are more likely to trust than their political leaders on climate change. one such group is weather forecasters. “in the us, the public feels the weathercasters are a credible source of information about global warming, and unlike any other professionals or organizations that are seen as credible, weathercasters have an opportunity to speak to the public frequently,” he said. “in other words, they have both access to the public and the trust of the public.”
yet, when investigating their response to last november’s “climategate” scandal, maibach found that weathercasters were more influenced by political beliefs than he thought they would be. “i had assumed that: (a) more credentialed weathercasters have more training in science, meteorology specifically; (b) weathercasters with more scientific training will be more likely to assess the issue through a scientific lens, rather than through a political lens; and (c) given that the vast majority of climate scientists have reached the same conclusion about climate change more credentialed weathercasters would be more likely to reach the same conclusion [as the climate scientists] than less credentialed weathercasters,” he explained. “at least one of my assumptions was clearly wrong.”
so, rather than relying on other groups to explain their work for them, maibach calls on researchers to work harder on clearing up any misunderstandings on global warming. “climate scientists – and those of us who are working with them to share what they know with the broader public – need to do a better job of clarifying critical facts for the public,” he said. “it doesn’t serve society’s long-term interests to deny problems that are real. hopefully, we can get beyond having unhelpful debates about what science has already shown to be real, and instead focus our passionate debates on what we choose to do about the problem.”
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ˈmɛʒərmənts ər ˈteɪkən frəm ˈækʧəwəl pɑrts, ər nɑt beɪst ɔn ərˈɪʤənəl ˌspɛsəfəˈkeɪʃənz, ənd əˈplaɪ tɪ ɔl ˈmɑdəlz ənˈlɛs ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˈnoʊtɪd. θrɛd daɪˈæmətər ənd skru lɛŋθs ər ˈævrɪʤɪz əv ˈsɛvərəl ɪgˈzæmpəlz ənd ˈvɛri əˈməŋ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl pɑrts. ðə θrɛd ˈpætərn ɔn skruz ənd ˈəðər ˈsɛkənˌdɛri pɑrts əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ 55 dɪˈgri ˈwɪtˌwərθ ˈpætərn. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə rɪˈsivər ənd ˈbɛrəl ər ə 60 dɪˈgri ˈpætərn əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈmaɪrən ˈpɛtroʊ əv ˈeɪsɪz eɪts ˈkəstəm gənz ənd klɑrk ˈmægnəsən. ðɛr əˈsɪstəns ɪn ˈmɛʒərɪŋ ðiz ɪz ˈgreɪtli əˈpriʃiˌeɪtɪd. ˈrəʃə bɔt ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈtulɪŋ frəm ˈɪŋglənd ənd ðə wɑz bɪlt tɪ ən ɪnʧ ˈpætərn ɛz ðə ˈmɛtrɪk ˈsɪstəm ˈwəzənt əˈdɑptəd ənˈtɪl ˈæftər ðə ˌrɛvəˈluʃən. ɔl ˈsəbsəkwənt meɪnˈteɪnd ðə seɪm ˈpætərnz ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr skruz frəm ðə ˈərliəst wɪl fɪt ðə læst ənd vaɪs ˈvərsə. ɔl ənd fʊl saɪz ˈpɪkʧərz ər tɪ ðə seɪm skeɪl wɪθ iʧ ˈəðər. ðə sɪmˈplɪsɪti əv ðə dɪˈzaɪn ɪz ˈɪləˌstreɪtɪd baɪ ðə fækt ðət ðɛr ər ˈoʊnli 5 ˈdɪfərənt θrɛd ˈsaɪzɪz aʊt əv 11 θˈrɛdɪd pɑrts ɔn ə ˈtɪpɪkəl ˈmɑdəl.
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measurements are taken from actual parts, are not based on original specifications, and apply to all models unless otherwise noted. thread diameter and screw lengths are averages of several examples and vary among individual parts. the thread pattern on screws and other secondary parts appears to be the english 55 degree whitworth pattern. however, the receiver and barrel are a 60 degree pattern according to myron petro of aces & eights custom guns and clark magnuson. their assistance in measuring these is greatly appreciated. russia bought the original tooling from england and the m91 was built to an inch pattern as the metric system wasn't adopted until after the revolution. all subsequent mosins maintained the same patterns and therefore screws from the earliest m91s will fit the last m44s and vice versa. all thumbnails and full size pictures are to the same scale with each other. the simplicity of the mosin nagant design is illustrated by the fact that there are only 5 different thread sizes out of 11 threaded parts on a typical russian/soviet model.
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ˈæftər ɪt bɪˈkeɪm noʊn ðət dɪˈrɛktər ˈændru ˈstæntən wɑz dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ə ˈfɑloʊˌəp fɪlm tɪ ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈnɛmoʊ, ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən ræn waɪld ɔn wət ðə ˈstɔri wʊd ˌɪnˈvɑlv. wʊd ˈnɛmoʊ gɪt lɔst əˈgɛn? wʊd ɔl əv ðə meɪn ˈkɛrɪktərz rɪˈtərn? ɪt wɑz ˈpriviəsli ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ˈælbərt brʊks (ˈmɑrlɪn) ənd ˈɛlən dɪʤɪˈnɛrɛs (ˈdɔri) wʊd bi bæk. təˈdeɪ, wi hæv ˈlərnɪd ðət ðə fɪlm wɪl bi ˈtaɪtəld ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈdɔri. faɪnd mɔr ˈditeɪlz ˈæftər ðə breɪk! ðə ˈtaɪtəl kənˈfərmz ðət ðə ˈfɑloʊˌəp wɪl ˈsɛnər ɔn ðə hɪˈlɛriəs ˈkɛrɪktər wɪθ səˈvɪr ˈmɛməri ˌɪmˈpɛrmənt. bɪˈloʊ ɪz ðə prɛs riˈlis riˈlist ʤɪst naʊ baɪ. wɪn ˈdɔri sɛd kip swimming’*’ ɪn fɪlm ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈnɛmoʊ, ʃi kʊd nɑt hæv ˌɪˈmæʤənd wət wɑz ɪn stɔr fər hər (nɑt ðət ʃi kʊd rɪˈmɛmbər). ˈɛlən dɪʤɪˈnɛrɛs, vɔɪs əv ðə blu tɑŋ fɪʃ, rɪˈvild ˈditeɪlz təˈdeɪ əˈbaʊt ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈdɔri ən ədˈvɛnʧər ˈdaɪvɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈθiətərz ɔn noʊv. 25 2015 hæv ˈweɪtɪd fər ðɪs deɪ fər ə lɔŋ, lɔŋ, lɔŋ, lɔŋ, lɔŋ, lɔŋ time,’*,’ sɛd dɪʤɪˈnɛrɛs. nɑt mæd ɪt tʊk ðɪs lɔŋ. aɪ noʊ ðə ˈpipəl æt ˈpɪksɑr wər ˈbɪzi kriˈeɪtɪŋ tɔɪ ˈstɔri 16 bət ðə taɪm ðeɪ tʊk wɑz wərθ ɪt. ðə skrɪpt ɪz fænˈtæstɪk. ənd ɪt həz ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ aɪ ləvd əˈbaʊt ðə fərst wən: gɑt ə lɔt əv hɑrt, ˈrɪli ˈfəni, ənd ðə bɛst pɑrt ɪz gɑt ə lɔt mɔr dory.’*.’ dɪˈrɛktər ənd ˈpɪksɑr ˈvɛtərən ˈændru ˈstæntən teɪks ˈɔdiənsəz bæk tɪ ðə ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈəndərˌwɔtər wərld kriˈeɪtɪd ɪn ðə ərˈɪʤənəl fɪlm. ɪz noʊ ˈdɔri wɪˈθaʊt ellen,’*,’ sɛd ˈstæntən. wən ðə hɑrts əv ˈmuˌviˌgoʊərz ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ɑr tim hir æt ˈpɪksɑr. wən θɪŋ wi stɑp ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt wɑz waɪ ʃi wɑz ɔl əˈloʊn ɪn ðə ˈoʊʃən ɔn ðə deɪ ʃi mɛt ˈmɑrlɪn. ɪn ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈdɔri, ʃi wɪl bi ˌriuˈnaɪtɪd wɪθ hər ləvd wənz, ˈlərnɪŋ ə fju θɪŋz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈminɪŋ əv ˈfæməli əˈlɔŋ ðə way.’*.’ əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈstæntən, ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈdɔri teɪks pleɪs əˈbaʊt ə jɪr ˈæftər ðə fərst fɪlm, ənd ˈfiʧərz rɪˈtərnɪŋ ˈfeɪvərɪts ˈmɑrlɪn, ˈnɛmoʊ ənd ðə tæŋk gæŋ, əˈməŋ ˈəðərz. sɛt ɪn pɑrt əˈlɔŋ ðə ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ˈkoʊˌstlaɪn, ðə ˈstɔri ˈɔlsoʊ ˈwɛlkəmz ə hoʊst əv nu ˈkɛrɪktərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə fju hu wɪl pruv tɪ bi ə ˈvɛri ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pɑrt əv laɪf. ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈnɛmoʊ wən ðə 2003 əˈkædəmi award®*® fər bɛst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər; ðə fɪlm wɑz ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd fər θri əˈdɪʃənəl oscars®*® (bɛst ˈraɪtɪŋ, ərˈɪʤənəl ˈskrinˌpleɪ; bɛst mˈjuzɪk, ərˈɪʤənəl skɔr; bɛst saʊnd ˈɛdɪtɪŋ). ɪt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd fər ə ˈgoʊldən globe®*® əˈwɔrd fər bɛst ˈmoʊʃən ər mˈjuzɪkəl. ɪn 2008 ðə əˈmɛrɪkən fɪlm ˈɪnstɪˌtut neɪmd nemo”*” əˈməŋ ðə tɔp 10 ˈgreɪtəst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlmz ˈɛvər meɪd. æt ðə taɪm əv ɪts riˈlis, nemo”*” wɑz ðə haɪəst ˈgroʊsɪŋ ˈmuvi əv ɔl taɪm. ˈkərəntli ðə fɔrθ haɪəst ˈgroʊsɪŋ ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlm ˈwərldˈwaɪd. ðə fɪlm həz mɔr ðən 16 ˈmɪljən laɪks ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk, ənd ˈdɔri wɪθ mɔr ðən 24 ˈmɪljən ɪz ðə moʊst laɪkt ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈkɛrɪktər frəm ə ˈdɪzni ər fɪlm. ðɪs ɪz ðə fərst əˈfɪʃəl ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən əv ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt baɪ ˈpɪksɑr ənd ˈstæntən. kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə fɪlm əraʊnd ˈdɔri, hu stoʊl ˈmɛni əv ðə sinz ʃi wɑz ɪn ɪn ðə fərst fɪlm, wɪl bi ə ˈdɛləkət ˈbæləns, ɛz tu məʧ əv ðə ˈkɛrɪktər kʊd ˌoʊvərˈwɛlm ðə ˈɔdiəns. hər ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti tɪ dɪˈvɛləp kloʊz riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps ɪn ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈnɛmoʊ wɑz ˈtræʤɪk bət keɪm tɪ ə ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ kənˈkluʒən wɪn ʃi wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈriˌkɔl ˈmɑrlɪn ənd ˈnɛmoʊ ənd faʊnd ə weɪ tɪ kəˈnɛkt wɪθ ðɛm. ɪt wɪl bi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ tɪ si wɛr ˈstæntən ənd hɪz tim teɪk ˈdɔri ənd ðə rɛst əv ðə kæst ðɪs taɪm. aɪ æm ʃʊr ðeɪ ər əˈwɛr əv ðə ˈdeɪnʤərz əv riˈtrɛdɪŋ ðə graʊnd əv ðə fərst fɪlm, soʊ aɪ æm ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ siɪŋ haʊ ðɪs ˈsikwəl wɪl ˈdɪfər θəˈmætɪkli ɛz wɛl ɛz ɪn ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈstɔri. ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈdɔri əraɪvz ɪn ˈθiətərz ɔn noʊˈvɛmbər 25 2015
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after it became known that director andrew stanton was developing a follow-up film to finding nemo, speculation ran wild on what the story would involve. would nemo get lost again? would all of the main characters return? it was previously reported that albert brooks (marlin) and ellen degeneres (dory) would be back. today, we have learned that the film will be titled finding dory. find more details after the break!
the title confirms that the follow-up will center on the hilarious character with severe memory impairment. below is the press release released just now by disney/pixar.
when dory said ‘just keep swimming’ in 2003’s oscar®-winning film finding nemo, she could not have imagined what was in store for her (not that she could remember). ellen degeneres, voice of the friendly-but-forgetful blue tang fish, revealed details today about disney/pixar’s finding dory an all-new big-screen adventure diving into theaters on nov. 25, 2015. ‘i have waited for this day for a long, long, long, long, long, long time,’ said degeneres. ‘i’m not mad it took this long. i know the people at pixar were busy creating toy story 16. but the time they took was worth it. the script is fantastic. and it has everything i loved about the first one: it’s got a lot of heart, it’s really funny, and the best part is it’s got a lot more dory.’ director and pixar veteran andrew stanton takes audiences back to the extraordinary underwater world created in the original film. ‘there is no dory without ellen,’ said stanton. ‘she won the hearts of moviegoers all over the world—not to mention our team here at pixar. one thing we couldn’t stop thinking about was why she was all alone in the ocean on the day she met marlin. in finding dory, she will be reunited with her loved ones, learning a few things about the meaning of family along the way.’ according to stanton, finding dory takes place about a year after the first film, and features returning favorites marlin, nemo and the tank gang, among others. set in part along the california coastline, the story also welcomes a host of new characters, including a few who will prove to be a very important part of dory’s life. finding nemo won the 2003 academy award® for best animated feature; the film was nominated for three additional oscars® (best writing, original screenplay; best music, original score; best sound editing). it was also nominated for a golden globe® award for best motion picture–comedy or musical. in 2008, the american film institute named “finding nemo” among the top 10 greatest animated films ever made. at the time of its release, “finding nemo” was the highest grossing g-rated movie of all time. it’s currently the fourth highest grossing animated film worldwide. the film has more than 16 million likes on facebook, and dory with more than 24 million is the most liked individual character from a disney or disney/pixar film.
this is the first official confirmation of the film’s development by pixar and stanton. creating a film around dory, who stole many of the scenes she was in in the first film, will be a delicate balance, as too much of the character could overwhelm the audience. her character’s inability to develop close relationships in finding nemo was tragic but came to a satisfying conclusion when she was able to recall marlin and nemo and found a way to connect with them. it will be interesting to see where stanton and his team take dory and the rest of the cast this time. i am sure they are aware of the dangers of retreading the ground of the first film, so i am looking forward to seeing how this sequel will differ thematically as well as in the overall story.
finding dory arrives in theaters on november 25, 2015.
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ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈtoʊni spɛns, dɪˈrɛktər ənd əv ˈkæθlɪk nuz ˈsərvɪs sɪns 2004 ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪdli rɪˈzaɪnd frəm ðət pəˈzɪʃən ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ æt ðə rɪkˈwɛst əv ə juz. ˈbɪʃəps' ˈkɑnfərəns əˈfɪʃəl. ɪn ˈrisənt deɪz spɛns hæd bɪn əˈtækt baɪ kənˈsərvətɪv ˈkæθlɪk blɔgz fər hi hæd ˈpoʊstɪd əˈbaʊt ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈfridəm bɪlz ɪn nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə ənd ˈʤɔrʤə. ðiz saɪts əˈkjuzd spɛns əv "prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ðə əˈʤɛndə." "ðə fɑr raɪt ənd ðɛr trups ˈstɑrtɪd ˈkəmɪŋ ˈæftər mi əˈgɛn ənd ɪt wɑz tu məʧ fər ðə usccb*," spɛns toʊld ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju ˈθərzˌdeɪ. "ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈʤɛnərəl [əv ðə juz. ˈbɪʃəps' ˈkɑnfərəns] æst fər maɪ ˌrɛzɪgˈneɪʃən, bɪˈkəz ðə ˈkɑnfərəns hæd lɔst ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪn maɪ əˈbɪləˌti tɪ lɛd," spɛns toʊld. ðə əˈbrəptnəs əv dɪˈpɑrʧər wɑz səˈpraɪzɪŋ ənd ðoʊz hu noʊ ɪm seɪ spɛns filz "ˈʃætərd." saɪn əp fər ˈkɑpi dɛsk ˈdeɪli, ənd wɪl iˈmeɪl ju ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd nuz ənd əˈpɪnjən ˈɑrtɪkəlz iʧ ˈwikˌdeɪ. saɪn əp naʊ ˈkæθlɪk nuz ˈsərvɪs ɪz ən ˈɔfəs əv ðə juz. ˈkɑnfərəns əv ˈkæθlɪk ˈbɪʃəps ənd spɛns wɑz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈsinjər stæf. ðoʊ pɑrt əv ðə ˈbɪʃəps' ˈkɑnfərəns, ðə nuz ˈsərvɪs ɪz ˌfaɪˈnænʃəli baɪ "prəˈvaɪdɪŋ nuz ˈstɔriz, ˈfiʧərz ənd rəvˈjuz tɪ peɪɪŋ klaɪənts ðət ər boʊθ ˈsɛkjələr ənd rɪˈlɪʤəs nuz ˈaʊˌtlɛts," əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈnoʊtɪs ɔn ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. spɛns əˈtɛndəd ə ˈrɛgjələrli ˈskɛʤʊld stæf ˈstɔri ˈmitɪŋ æt 2 p.m*. ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. ˈsəmˌtaɪm ˈleɪtər, ˈæftər ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ mɑnˈsinjər. ʤeɪ. braɪən ˈbrænzˌfild, ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv ðə ˈbɪʃəps' ˈkɑnfərəns, spɛns wɑz ɛˈskɔrtɪd frəm ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈɔfəs ˈbɪldɪŋ wɪˈθaʊt biɪŋ əˈlaʊd tɪ spik tɪ hɪz ˈnuzˌrum stæf. stæf ɪn ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈɔfəs wər toʊld əv ˈlivɪŋ ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər 4 p.m*., ənd ʤeɪmz ɛl. ˈrɑʤərz, ʧif kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˈɔfɪsər fər ðə ˈbɪʃəps' ˈkɑnfərəns, sɛnt ən iˈmeɪl ˈmɛˌmoʊ tɪ ɔl stæf "tɪ ʃɛr nuz əv ˈtoʊni ˈstɛpɪŋ daʊn ɛz, ˈifɛktɪv təˈdeɪ." ðə ˈmɛˌmoʊ ˈɔlsoʊ sɛd ðət ˈrɑʤərz wʊd bi əˈsumɪŋ ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv ˈdutiz ɔn ən ˈɪnərəm ˈbeɪsɪs ənd ðət ə sərʧ fər hɪz rɪˈpleɪsmənt wʊd bɪˈgɪn ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli. əbˈteɪnd ə ˈkɑpi əv ðə ˈmɛˌmoʊ ənd ɪn ə ˈtɛləˌfoʊn ˈɪntərvˌju ˈrɑʤərz kənˈfərmd ðət hi hæd sɛnt ɪt. spɛns hæd "stɛpt daʊn" ɪz haʊ "aɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ɪt," ˈrɑʤərz toʊld. hi sɛd hi ˈdɪdənt noʊ wət prɪˈsɪpɪˌteɪtɪd ðə ˌrɛzɪgˈneɪʃən ənd sɛd ðət ɪt "wʊd bi maɪ ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ" ðət spɛns əˈnaʊnst hɪz ˈstɛpɪŋ daʊn tɪ ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri sɪns ðət ɪz ðə ˈpərsən hi rɪˈpɔrts tɪ ɛz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ˈsinjər stæf. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ˈblɔgərz frəm ˈwɛbˌsaɪts əv ðə ˈɪnstɪˌtut, ðə ʧərʧ ˈmɪlətənt ənd ˈpoʊstɪd ˈstɔriz ɪn ðə læst wik ðət əˈkjuzd spɛns əv ˈɪʃuɪŋ "ˈpəblɪk ˈsteɪtmənts dɪˈkraɪɪŋ prəˈpoʊzd ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ɪn ˈsɛvərəl steɪts ðət wʊd prəˈtɛkt rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈfridəm ənd dɪˈnaɪ mɛn priˈtɛndɪŋ tɪ bi ˈwɪmən ðə 'raɪt' tɪ ˈɛnər ˈwɪmənz ˈbɑθˌrumz." ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈsteɪtmənts wər ˈpoʊstɪŋz spɛns hæd meɪd tɪ hɪz tˈwɪtər əˈkaʊnt ɪn ˈərli ˈeɪprəl ənd mɑrʧ əˈbaʊt rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈfridəm ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ˈəndər dəˈbeɪt ɪn nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə, ˈʤɔrʤə ənd ˌtɛnəˈsi ənd əˈbaʊt ən ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪn ðə əˈtlæntɪk əˈbaʊt geɪ ˈstudənts æt ˌivænˈʤɛlɪkəl ˈkɑlɪʤɪz. spɛns, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ðɪs ɔn mɑrʧ 24 prəˈtɛkʃənz gɪt fləʃt ɛz ˈgəvərnər saɪnz bɪl ˈoʊvər #bathroomwars*." dɪˈpɑrʧər ˈfɑloʊz tu ˈəðər haɪ ˈlɛvəl dɪˈpɑrʧərz baɪ juz. ˈbɪʃəps' ˈkɑnfərəns stæf ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz. ˈsɪstər. ˈmɛri æn wɔlʃ, ə ˈlɔŋˌtaɪm ˈmidiə riˈleɪʃənz ˈmænɪʤər æt ðə ˈkɑnfərəns, rɪˈzaɪnd ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2014 wɔlʃ daɪd ɔn ˈeɪprəl 28 2015 ˈhɛlən ˈɑsmən rɪˈzaɪnd ɛz ðə ˈkɑnfərəns kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən dɪˈrɛktər ɪn ˈsəmər əv 2015 bət steɪd ɔn ɛz koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər əv poʊp ˈfrænsɪs' ˈvɪzɪt tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts læst fɔl. ˌɔlˈðoʊ boʊθ dɪˈpɑrʧərz wər ˈvɑləntɛri, wɑz toʊld ðət wɔlʃ ənd ˈɑsmən wər ˈprɛʃərd tɪ rɪˈzaɪn. spɛns həz ə lɔŋ ˈhɪstəri ɪn ˈkæθlɪk ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm, ˈstɑrtɪŋ æt ðə ˌtɛnəˈsi ˈrɛʤɪstər, daɪˈɑsəsən ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ɪn ˈnæʃvɪl, tɛn., səm 30 jɪrz əˈgoʊ. ɪn 2010 ðə ˈkæθlɪk prɛs əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd ˈkænədə əˈwɔrdɪd ɪm ðɛr haɪəst ˈɑnər, ðə st*. ˈfrænsɪs də seɪlz əˈwɔrd. spɛns wɑz ənd ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər əv ðə ˌtɛnəˈsi ˈrɛʤɪstər ɪŋk., wɪʧ ˈpəblɪʃɪz ðə ˌtɛnəˈsi ˈrɛʤɪstər, ˈnuzˌpeɪpər əv ðə ˈnæʃvɪl ˈdaɪəˌsiz, frəm 1989 tɪ 1998 ˌbiˈfɔr ðət, hi wɑz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt ˈɛdɪtər ənd ˈmænəʤɪŋ ˈɛdɪtər æt ðə ˈnuzˌpeɪpər. hi ˈɔlsoʊ sərvd ɛz ðə kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz dɪˈrɛktər frəm 1992 tɪ 1998 hi sərvd ɛz ˈkæθlɪk prɛs əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən ˈprɛzɪdənt frəm 1994 tɪ 1996 ənd ˈoʊvərˌsɔ ðə ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt əv ðə ˈkæθlɪk ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈnɛtˌwərk ənd ðə ˈkæθlɪk prɛs faʊnˈdeɪʃən. hi ˈɔlsoʊ wɑz ə əv ðə ˌæpəˈlæʧən prɛs ˈprɑʤɛkt əv kənˈtəki ənd ˌtɛnəˈsi, ʧɛrd ðə liˈeɪˌzɑn kəˈmɪti wɪθ ɪn ənd ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ðə əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz 1998 kənˈvɛnʃən. hi ˈɔlsoʊ sərvd ɔn ðə kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz kəˈmɪti fər ðə juz. ˈkɑnfərəns əv ˈkæθlɪk ˈbɪʃəps ənd ɔn ɪts ˈsəbkəˈmɪti fər ˈplænɪŋ, wɪʧ dɪˈvaɪzd ðə ˈkɑnfərənsɪz strəˈtiʤɪk plæn fər kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz, əˈdɑptəd ɪn 1997 ɪn əˈdɪʃən, spɛns həz bɪn ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ædˈvaɪzəri bɔrd fər ðə ˈkæθlɪk kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən kæmˈpeɪn. ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˌbiˈfɔr ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ, spɛns wɑz ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər əv ədˈvænsmənt kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz æt ˈvændərbɪlt ˌjunəˈvərsəti ɪn ˈnæʃvɪl, wɛr hi ˈoʊvərˌsɔ ən əˈsɔrtmənt əv ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, səm ˈfənˌdreɪsɪŋ ənd speechwriting*. hi ˈɔlsoʊ koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd məʧ əv ðə ˌjunəˈvərsətiz saɪəns ənd ˈrisərʧ kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən. ˌbiˈfɔr ðət, hi hæd bɪn dɪˈrɛktər əv əˈləmˌnaɪ ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti. frəm spɛns sərvd ɛz ə tɪ ðə pɑnˈtɪfəkəl ˈkaʊnsəl fər ˈsoʊʃəl kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz. [ˈdɛnɪs ˈkoʊˈdeɪ ɪz ˈɛdɪtər əv ˈnæʃənəl ˈkæθlɪk rɪˈpɔrtər. tɑm ˈrɑbərts, ˈɛdɪtər æt lɑrʤ kənˈtrɪbjutɪd tɪ ðɪs ˈstɔri. səm məˈtɪriəl ˈɔlsoʊ kəmz frəm ˈkæθlɪk nuz ˈsərvɪs.]
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washington — tony spence, director and editor-in-chief of catholic news service since 2004, unexpectedly resigned from that position wednesday at the request of a u.s. bishops' conference official.
in recent days spence had been attacked by conservative catholic blogs for tweets he had posted about controversial religious freedom bills in north carolina and georgia. these sites accused spence of "promoting the lgbt agenda."
"the far right blogsphere and their troops started coming after me again and it was too much for the usccb," spence told ncr in an interview thursday.
"the secretary general [of the u.s. bishops' conference] asked for my resignation, because the conference had lost confidence in my ability to lead cns," spence told ncr.
the abruptness of spence's departure was surprising and those who know him say spence feels "shattered."
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catholic news service is an office of the u.s. conference of catholic bishops and spence was a member of the conference senior staff. though part of the bishops' conference, the news service is financially self-supporting by "providing news stories, features and reviews to paying clients that are both secular and religious news outlets," according to a notice on the conference website.
spence attended a regularly scheduled staff story meeting at 2 p.m. on wednesday. sometime later, after meeting with msgr. j. brian bransfield, the general secretary of the bishops' conference, spence was escorted from the conference office building without being allowed to speak to his newsroom staff.
staff in the washington office were told of spence's leaving shortly after 4 p.m., and james l. rogers, chief communications officer for the bishops' conference, sent an email memo to all cns staff "to share news of tony stepping down as editor-in-chief, effective today."
the memo also said that rogers would be assuming spence's administrative duties on an interim basis and that a search for his replacement would begin immediately.
ncr obtained a copy of the memo and in a telephone interview rogers confirmed that he had sent it.
spence had "stepped down" is how "i understand it," rogers told ncr. he said he didn't know what precipitated the resignation and said that it "would be my understanding" that spence announced his stepping down to the general secretary since that is the person he reports to as a member of senior staff.
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bloggers from websites of the lepanto institute, the church militant and lifesitenews.com posted stories in the last week that accused spence of issuing "public statements decrying proposed legislation in several states that would protect religious freedom and deny men pretending to be women the 'right' to enter women's bathrooms."
the public statements were postings spence had made to his twitter account in early april and march about religious freedom legislation under debate in north carolina, georgia and tennessee and about an article in the atlantic about gay students at evangelical colleges.
spence, for example tweeted this on march 24: "lgbt protections get flushed as nc governor signs bill over #bathroomwars."
spence's departure follows two other high level departures by u.s. bishops' conference staff involved in communications. sr. mary ann walsh, a longtime media relations manager at the conference, resigned in july 2014. walsh died on april 28, 2015.
helen osman resigned as the conference communication director in summer of 2015, but stayed on as coordinator of pope francis' visit to the united states last fall.
although both departures were voluntary, ncr was told that walsh and osman were pressured to resign.
spence has a long history in catholic journalism, starting at the tennessee register, diocesan newspaper in nashville, tenn., some 30 years ago.
in 2010, the catholic press association of the united states and canada awarded him their highest honor, the st. francis de sales award.
spence was editor-in-chief and general manager of the tennessee register inc., which publishes the tennessee register, newspaper of the nashville diocese, from 1989 to 1998. before that, he was associate editor and managing editor at the newspaper. he also served as the diocese's communications director from 1992 to 1998.
he served as catholic press association president from 1994 to 1996 and oversaw the establishment of the catholic advertising network and the catholic press foundation. he also was a co-founder of the appalachian press project of kentucky and tennessee, chaired the cpa's liaison committee with cns in 1997-98 and organized the association's 1998 convention.
he also served on the communications committee for the u.s. conference of catholic bishops and on its subcommittee for planning, which devised the conference's strategic plan for communications, adopted in 1997. in addition, spence has been a member of the advisory board for the catholic communication campaign.
immediately before joining cns, spence was executive director of advancement communications at vanderbilt university in nashville, where he oversaw an assortment of publications, as well as a website, some fundraising and speechwriting. he also coordinated much of the university's science and research communication. before that, he had been director of alumni publications at the university.
from 2006-2011, spence served as a consultor to the pontifical council for social communications.
[dennis coday is editor of national catholic reporter. tom roberts, ncr editor at large contributed to this story. some material also comes from catholic news service.]
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soʊˈfiə ˈfilɪŋ hopeful”*” əˈbaʊt fˈjuʧər θri mənθs ˈæftər ðə waɪt ˈbəʤɪt prəˈpoʊzəl əˈpɪrd tɪ spɛl dum fər ˌstrætəsˈfɪrɪk əbˈzərvəˌtɔri fər ˌɪnfrərˈɛd əˈstrɑnəmi ˈfəndɪŋ kət ðət wʊd hæv ˈlaɪkli rikˈwaɪərd ˈmɔθˈbɔlɪŋ ðə ˈtɛləˌskoʊp ɪn əˈfɪʃəlz ər ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk ɪˈnəf əˈbaʊt ðə fˈjuʧər ðət ðeɪ ər ˈmuvɪŋ əˈhɛd wɪθ plænz fər fˈjuʧər ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən ˈsaɪkəlz ənd ˈmeɪntənəns əv ðə ˈɛrˌkræft. ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən simz tɪ hæv tərnd əraʊnd, ənd ˈvɛri ˈhoʊpfəl raɪt now,”*,” sɛd ˈɛrɪk jəŋ, saɪəns ˈmɪʃən ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz dɪˈrɛktər fər soʊˈfiə, ɪn ə taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə əbˈzərvəˌtɔri æt ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˌæstrəˈnɑmɪkəl soʊˈsaɪɪti (aas*) ˈmitɪŋ ɪn ˈbɔstən ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˈivnɪŋ. ðət ˈɑptɪˌmɪzəm wɑz beɪst, æt ðət taɪm, ɔn ðə 70 ˈmɪljən ˌɪnˈkludɪd fər soʊˈfiə ɪn ðə ˈkɑmərs, ˈʤəstɪs, ənd saɪəns (cjs*) əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃənz bɪl ðə haʊs pæst læst wik. sɪns taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ, ˈsɛnɪt əˈproʊpriˌeɪtərz hæv prəˈvaɪdɪd 87 ðə seɪm ɛz soʊˈfiə ɪn ɪts ˈfɪskəl jɪr 2015 ˈspɛndɪŋ bɪl. jəŋ ˈkrɛdɪtɪd frəm ðoʊz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈfɛdərəl government”*” fər ðə ˈtərnərˌaʊnd ɪn ˈfɔrʧənz ɪn ðə læst θri mənθs, ɛz wɛl ɛz ən ˌɪnˈkris ɪn saɪəns ˈfəndɪŋ ˈoʊvərˌɔl fər ˈnæsə ɪn ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl bɪlz. ˈvɛri pɑrt əv ðə ˈmɛsɪʤ ɪz ðət soʊˈfiə ɪz ˈbɛnəfɪtɪŋ bɪˈkəz saɪəns ˈoʊvərˌɔl ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ ˌɪnˈkrist ɪn ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl actions,”*,” hi sɛd. (ðə ənˈsteɪtɪd ɔlˈtərnətɪv, əv kɔrs, wʊd bi soʊˈfiə ˈgɪtɪŋ ən ˌɪnˈkris æt ðə ɪkˈspɛns əv ˈəðər saɪəns ˈproʊˌgræmz.) jəŋ sɛd ðət wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˈkɑnfədɛns ðət soʊˈfiə wɪl bi ˈfəndɪd fər 2015 ðə ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz ˈmuvɪŋ əˈhɛd wɪθ ˈlɔŋˈtərm plænz əbˈzərvəˌtɔri. ðət ˌɪnˈkludz ə ˈskɛʤʊld maintenance”*” fər ðə 747 ˈɛrˌkræft ɪn ˈʤərməni, ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ bɪˈgɪn æt ðə ɛnd əv ʤun. ə kɔl fər prəˈpoʊzəlz fər əv soʊˈfiə ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz, wɪʧ wɪl rən frəm mɑrʧ 2015 tɪ ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2016 rɪˈmeɪnz ˌəndərˈweɪ, wɪθ prəˈpoʊzəlz du nɛkst mənθ.
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sofia feeling “very hopeful” about future
three months after the white house’s budget proposal appeared to spell doom for nasa’s stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy (sofia)—a funding cut that would have likely required mothballing the telescope in 2015—project officials are optimistic enough about the observatory’s future that they are moving ahead with plans for future observation cycles and maintenance of the aircraft.
“the situation seems to have turned around, and we’re very hopeful right now,” said erick young, science mission operations director for sofia, in a town hall meeting about the observatory at the american astronomical society (aas) meeting in boston tuesday evening. that optimism was based, at that time, on the $70 million included for sofia in the commerce, justice, and science (cjs) appropriations bill the house passed last week. since tuesday’s town hall meeting, senate appropriators have provided $87 million—effectively the same as 2014—for sofia in its fiscal year 2015 cjs spending bill.
young credited “advocacy from those outside the federal government” for the turnaround in sofia’s fortunes in the last three months, as well as an increase in science funding overall for nasa in the congressional bills. “a very importart part of the message is that sofia is benefitting because science overall is getting increased in the congressional actions,” he said. (the unstated alternative, of course, would be sofia getting an increase at the expense of other science programs.)
young said that with the increasing confidence that sofia will be funded for 2015, the program is moving ahead with long-term plans observatory. that includes a scheduled “heavy maintenance” for the 747 aircraft in germany, scheduled to begin at the end of june. a call for proposals for “cycle 3″ of sofia observations, which will run from march 2015 to january 2016, remains underway, with proposals due next month.
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←* ˈsaɪdˌbɑr ˌælɪgˈzændər wɑz ə ˈrəʃən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri hɪˈstɔriən hu lɪvd ɪn ðə fərst hæf əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. hi wɑz ðə ˈɔθər əv ə juˈnik bʊk hɪˈstɔrɪkəl dɪˈskrɪpʃən əv ˈkloʊðɪŋ ənd ˈwɛpənz əv ˈrəʃən troops”*” wɪθ dɪˈteɪld dɪˈskrɪpʃənz əv ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ənd ˈsɪvəl ˈkloʊðɪŋ ɪn ˈrəʃə frəm 862 æd ənˈtɪl ðə reɪn əv ˈɛmpərər ˈnɪkələs aɪ. ˈrəʃən ˈkloʊðɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz. ʃərt. ðɪs bʊk, ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn st*. ˈpitərzbərg ɪn ɪz tɪ ðɪs deɪ wən əv ðə moʊst ˈpɑpjələr ˈsɔrsəz əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈkɑstum. lʊk æt səm ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv ˈrəʃən ˈsɪvəl ənd ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kloʊðz əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz. sɔrs: ˈhjuməs. ˈrəʃən ˈkloʊðɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz. azyam*, ənd kæp. ənd kæp. ðə taʊn əv ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri. ferez’*’ ənd kæp. ohoben’*’ ənd kæp. ənd kæp. ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ nɪr ðə taʊn əv ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ˈrəʃən fər koʊt ənd kæp. koʊts ənd kæps. ðə taʊn əv ˈsɛrəˌtɔv ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri. ˈpɑlɪʃ koʊt ənd kæp. ðə taʊn əv ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ənd kæp. ðə taʊn əv ˈæstrəkɑn ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri. ənd kæp. ˈpæləs əv zɑr əˈlɛkˌseɪ mikhailovich*. zipun*, tafya*, ənd kæp. ənd kæp. ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈkrɛmlɪn ənd ˈɑrməri. ˈrəʃən ˈɑrməmənt ɪn ðə ðə ˈsɛkənd hæf əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz. ɪn ənd aɪərn kæps. ˈrəʃən ˈɑrməmənt ɪn ðə ðə ˈsɛkənd hæf əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz. ɪn ənd wɪθ yelovets*. ðə taʊn əv ˈnɑvgərˌɑd ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ɪn ənd hɛlm. ɪn kolontar’*’ wɪθ ənd ˈpeɪpər kæp. ɪn ənd. ɪn ənd misyurk*. ɪn ənd ˈkɑpər kæp. ɪn ənd hɛlm. ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈkrɛmlɪn ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ɪn tu ənd yerihonka*. ˈeɪnʧənt ˈkæsəl əv ɪn lɪˈvoʊnjə. ɪn, ənd yerihonka*. ˈmaʊnɪd ɪn 1678 ɪn 1613 ʧərʧ əv st*. ˈbæzəl ənd ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn wɔl ɪn ˈmɔˌskaʊ ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri. əv ənd ˈaɪvən ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈrɛʤəmənts ɪn 1674 ˈrəʃən ˈhɑrnɪs ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz. tægz: noʊ tægz ðə ˈmænʃən əv mɪˈkeɪl ɪn wən əv ðə moʊst bɪˈzɑr ˈmɑnjəmənts tɪ ˈlɛnɪn ɪn ˈrəʃə noʊ ˈkɑmɛnts jɛt.
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alexander vasilevich viskovatov was a russian military historian who lived in the first half of the 19th century.
he was the author of a unique multi-volume book “the historical description of clothing and weapons of russian troops” with detailed descriptions of the military and civil clothing in russia from 862 ad until the reign of emperor nicholas i.
russian clothing in the 14th-18th centuries. shirt.
this book, published in st. petersburg in 1841-1862, is to this day one of the most popular sources of information about the history of military costume. let’s look at some examples of russian civil and military clothes of the 14th-18th centuries. source: humus.
russian clothing in the 14th-18th centuries. azyam, sermyaga and cap.
kaftan and cap. the town of torzhok in the early 17th century.
ferez’ and cap.
ohoben’ and cap.
odnoryadka tafiya and cap. the village near the town of tver in the 17th century.
russian fur coat and cap.
tursky coats and gorlatnaya caps. the town of saratov in the early 17th century.
polish coat and gorlatnaya cap. the town of pskov in the 17th century.
terlik and murmolka cap. the town of astrakhan in the early 17th century.
tursky kaftan and murmolka cap. kolomna palace of tsar alexei mikhailovich.
zipun, tafya, and cap.
platno and gorlatnaya cap. moscow kremlin and armory.
russian armament in the 14th – the second half of the 17th centuries. men-at-arms in tegilyay and iron caps.
russian armament in the 14th – the second half of the 17th centuries. man-at-arms in bakhterets and shishak with yelovets. the town of novgorod in the 16th century.
man-at-arms in bakhterets and helm.
man-at-arms in kolontar’ with barmitsa and paper cap.
men-at-arms in yushman and shishak.
man-at-arms in yushman and misyurk.
man-at-arms in kuyak and copper cap.
man-at-arms in zertsalo and helm. moscow kremlin in the 17th century.
voivode in two armors and yerihonka. ancient castle of neilauzen in livonia.
voivode in zertsalo, privoloka and yerihonka.
mounted zhiltsy in 1678.
streltsy in 1613. church of st. basil and the kremlin wall in moscow in the early 17th century.
streltsy of lutokhin’s and ivan poltev’s moscow strelets regiments in 1674.
russian harness in the 14th-18th centuries.
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baɪ ʤɑn ˈʤæksən ˈmɪlər həz hæd ə ˈprɛzəns ə lɔŋ taɪm, ənd ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli ðɛr aɪ fild kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ðə hir ɔn ðə ə ˈnəmbər du tɪ ðə fækt ðət, ɛz ðɛr seɪlz ˈfɪgjərz dɪˈvaɪdɪd əp ˈɪntu tu ˈɛntriz iʧ, oʊɪŋ tɪ ðə fækt ðət boʊθ ˈɪʃuz hæd ə ˈkəvər ˈvɛriənt praɪst æt ə ˈdɔlər tɪ ðə əp ˈjunɪt tərmz, ˈrəðər ðən fərst ənd ˈsɛkənd, wɪʧ ðeɪ wʊd hæv bɪn wɪθ aɪˈdɛntɪkəl ˈkəvər ˈpraɪsɪz. ðɪs lɛd tɪ ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈɑrtɪkəlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə wən əm riˈæktɪŋ tɪ ðoʊz ˌɪnˈklaɪnd kən ˈfɑloʊ maɪ tˈwɪtər rɪˈspɑns ˈsəməri fər ðə twitter-impaired*, ðə ˈpræktɪs goʊz bæk ə lɔŋ weɪ. ɪn ðə ˈərli deɪz əv ˈvɛriənts, iʧ ˈvərʒən ˈtɛndɪd tɪ gɪt ɪts oʊn laɪn ˈaɪtəm ɪn ðə ʧɑrts ˈpəblɪʃt baɪ ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪti ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ənd ˈdaɪmənd ˈkɑmɪk dɪˈstrɪbjətərz; ˈnəθɪŋ wɑz kəmˈbaɪnd. ðə ˈrizən wɑz ˈsɪmpəl: ðɛn, ɛz naʊ, ðə dɪˈstrɪbjətər ʧɑrt ˈɪzənt ə ˈskɔrˌbɔrd. ðə ˈpərpəs ˈɪzənt tɪ seɪ wəts 1 bət ˈrəðər haʊ ʃɑps ˈɔrdərd ˈtaɪtəlz ˈrɛlətɪv tɪ ˈəðər ˈtaɪtəlz. soʊ ɪt wɑz ðət ɪn 1991 ˈɛvəri ˈkəvər ɪts oʊn ˈlɪstɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈteɪbəlz. (ɪts hɑrd tɪ bɪˈliv, bət ðɛr wɑz ə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti nɑt hæv tɑpt ðə ʧɑrts, hæd əˈnəðər əv ðət ˈɪrəz ˈblɑkˌbəstər bʊks ˈhæpənd əˈlɔŋ ðət mənθ.) ˈməltəpəl ˈlɪstɪŋz fər ˈtaɪtəlz əˈspɛʃəli fər "dəˈləks" ˈvərsəz ˈnuzˌstænd ɪˈdɪʃənz ˈɔfərd tɪ ðə dɪˈrɛkt ˈmɑrkɪt wər ə ˈkɑmən ðə 2000s*, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈprɪnɪŋ ədˈvænsɪz meɪd ɪt ˈiziər tɪ du əv ˈvɛriənts, ənd ðə ˈnəmbər əv ðɛm ɪkˈsploʊdɪd. ɪt bɪˈkeɪm ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ breɪk ðɛm aʊt ənd stɪl fɪt ɔl ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈɪʃuz ˈɪntu ðə ʧɑrts inmagazine*, wɛr ðə ˈteɪbəlz ræn ənˈtɪl ðə ˈtaɪtəl sist ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən æt ðə ɛnd əv 2008 ˈdaɪmənd ʧoʊz tɪ mərʤ praɪst ˈvɛriənts ənd ˈsɛkənd ənd ˈleɪtər ˈprɪnɪŋz ɪn ðə ˈræŋkɪŋz bɪˈkəz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɔl hæd ðə seɪm (ər noʊ) ˈkəvər praɪs, ənd wɛr ðɛr wɑz ə ˈvɛriənt praɪs, ɪt wɑz ˈɔfən kwaɪt ˈdɪfərənt, laɪk ə "ˈplætənəm ɪˈdɪʃən," wɪʧ ˈrɪli ˈdɪdənt bɪˈlɔŋ ɪn ðə seɪm ˈgrupɪŋ əv ðə ˈdɪfərˈɛntli praɪst bʊks ˈbroʊkən aʊt ˈsɛpərətli ɪz ˈʤɛnərəli ə gʊd θɪŋ, boʊθ fər ˈænəlɪsts hu hæv ən ˈiziər taɪm ˈmeɪkɪŋ sɛns əv haʊ ˈmɛni ˈdɔlərz ən ˈɪʃu brɔt ɪn ənd fər kəˈlɛktərz, hu ər sərvd baɪ noʊɪŋ haʊ ˈmɛni ˈkəvərz, seɪ, ər aʊt ɪn ðə waɪld ˈrɛlətɪv tɪ ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈrɛgjələr ˈvərʒənz. soʊ ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl, ɪts bɪn ə gʊd ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz baɪ ˈdaɪmənd, wɪʧ sɔt ə ˈbæləns bɪtˈwin ðə ˈmərʤɪŋ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ (wɪʧ wʊd sərv ðə "spɔrts fænz" hu kɛr əˈbaʊt wət bʊks ɪn fərst pleɪs) ənd wət sərvz ɪts ˈriˌteɪlərz (wɪʧ ɪz mɔr ˈditeɪl ɔn wət, spəˈsɪfɪkli, həz bɪn ordered).comichron*, əv kɔrs, wɪl ˈpəblɪʃ ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪz riˈlist bət ˈæftər jɪrz əv duɪŋ ðɪs aɪ du bɪˈliv ðɛrz ə swit spɑt bɪtˈwin ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ tu məʧ ˈditeɪl iʧ mənθ ənd tu ˈlɪtəl; ˈdaɪməndz ˈkɑrənt ˈmɛθəd simz tɪ ˌɪnˈhæbət ðət spɑt wɛl. ðət sɛd, sɪns wi ˈpəblɪʃ mɔr ðən wən kaɪnd əv ˈteɪbəl æt, wi hæv ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ mərʤ ˈaɪtəmz wɪn ðə taɪp əv rɪˈpɔrt kɔlz fər ɪt. soʊ waɪl ɛz wɪθ ˈkɑmˌboʊ pæks ɪn 2011 wi prɪˈzərv ˈdaɪməndz ʧɑrt ˈɔrdər ɪn ɑr ˈmənθli ˈteɪbəlz, ɪn ðə ˈteɪbəlz ðət ˈrɪli ər əˈbaʊt "huz fərst," laɪk si ˈjuˈɛs mərʤ ˈɪʃuz ðət ər ˈəðərˌwaɪz aɪˈdɛntɪkəl ɪkˈsɛpt fər ðɛr ˈkəvərz, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˈkəvər praɪs.
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by john jackson miller
comichron has had a presence onfor a long time, and occasionally there i field questions about the datasets here on the site.generated a number due to the fact that, as noted,andsaw their sales figures divided up into two entries each, owing to the fact that both issues had a lenticular cover variant priced at a dollar higher.owing to the bifurcation,andended up beingin unit terms, rather than first and second, which they would have been with identical cover prices. this led to a number of articles, including the one i'm reacting to here:...and those inclined can follow my twitter response threadin summary for the twitter-impaired, the practice goes back a long way. in the early days of variants, each version tended to get its own line item in the charts published by capital city distribution and diamond comic distributors; nothing was combined. the reason was simple: then, as now, the distributor chart isn't a scoreboard. the purpose isn't to say what's #1, but rather how shops ordered titles relative to other titles. so it was that in 1991, every cover ofgot its own listing in the tables. (it's hard to believe, but there was a possibility thatmight not have topped the charts, had another of that era's blockbuster books happened along that month.) multiple listings for titles especially for "deluxe" versus newsstand editions offered to the direct market were a common sight.by the 2000s, however, printing advances made it easier to do micro-runs of variants, and the number of them exploded. it became impossible to break them out and still fit all the important issues into the charts inmagazine, where the tables ran until the title ceased publication at the end of 2008. diamond chose to merge identically priced variants and second and later printings in the rankings because almost all had the same (or no) cover price, and where there was a variant price, it was often quite different, like a $9.99 "platinum edition," which really didn't belong in the same grouping of copies.having the differently priced books broken out separately is generally a good thing, both for analysts who have an easier time making sense of how many dollars an issue brought in and for collectors, who are served by knowing how many lenticular covers, say, are out in the wild relative to the number of regular versions. so in general, it's been a good compromise by diamond, which sought a balance between the merging everything (which would serve the "sports fans" who care about what book's in first place) and what serves its retailers (which is more detail on what, specifically, has been ordered).comichron, of course, will publish whatever is released but after years of doing this i do believe there's a sweet spot between publishing too much detail each month and too little; diamond's current method seems to inhabit that spot well. that said, since we publish more than one kind of table at comichron, we have the ability to merge items when the type of report calls for it. so while as with dc's combo packs in 2011 we preserve diamond's chart order in our monthly tables, in the tables that really are about "who's first," like ouryou'll see us merge issues that are otherwise identical except for their covers, regardless of cover price.
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liverpool’s* ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪti wɑz ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl ɛz ðeɪ bit ðɪs ˈivnɪŋ. ɪz ə ˈrɪli ˈrəðər rɛr ənd ˈraɪtli soʊ. tɪ skɔr fɔr æt ˈɛni prɛˈmɪr lig graʊnd wɪˈθaʊt rɪˈplaɪ teɪks ə ˈvɛri gʊd pərˈfɔrməns ənd ðət ɪz ɪgˈzæktli wət ˈlɪvərˌpul ˈmænɪʤd ðɪs ˈivnɪŋ. ɪn ˈwɪnɪŋ ju kən nid ə bɪt əv ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ, ə bɪt əv lək, ə sˈmætərɪŋ əv ˈʤinjəs, kənˈsɪstənt kˈwɑləti ənd ˈtɛmˌpoʊ, ənd ə dɪˈzaɪər tɪ wərk fər wən əˈnəðər. ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ ðə læst əv ðə fɔr ɪt ɪz hir ðət wi si ˈlɪvərˌpul kəˈlɛktɪvli bi ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv. noʊ pleɪər ɔn ðə pɪʧ təˈdeɪ hɪd. ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl ˈwɔntɪd tɪ wərk fər hɪz ˈkɑligz. ɔl geɪm ju sɔ ˈlɪvərˌpul pleɪərz fərst tɪ ðə bɔl. ʤoʊ ˈgoʊmɛz æt raɪt bæk ˈmeɪkɪŋ mɑrk laɪf ə ˈmɪzəri; ˈændi ˈrɑbərtsən ɪt frəm ʤɪst ɪn frənt əv hɪz mæn; rəˈbɛrtoʊ taɪm ənd əˈgɛn ʤɪst ðɛr wɛr hɪz əˈpoʊnənt məst ˈnɛvər wɑz ɪm, ˈwɪnɪŋ hɪz geɪm əv ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈwɔrˌfɛr θru ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðə pɪʧ. noʊ taɪm tɪ rɛst fər ˈɛni pleɪərz hu meɪk əp ðət skwɛr bɪtˈwin ˈsɛntər bæk ənd ˈsɛntər midfield*. ɪt məst bi ɪgˈzɔstɪŋ tɪ pleɪ əˈgɛnst. ðə kənˈsɪstənt kˈwɑləti ənd ˈtɛmˌpoʊ wɑz sɛt ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðə pɑrk. ˈʤɔrdən ˈhɛndərsən meɪd hɪmˈsɛlf ˈkɑnstəntli əˈveɪləbəl ənd lʊkt, əˈspɛʃəli ˈərli ɪn ðə geɪm, tɪ pɪn bæk. hi wɑz ˈpæsɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə pæθs əv hɪz ˈtimˌmeɪts boʊθ lɔŋ ənd ʃɔrt ənd hi wɑz ˈfɔrsɪŋ ðə ˈɪʃu. fɪˈlipeɪ wɑz ˈkəmɪŋ ˌɪnˈsaɪd, siɪŋ wət ðɛr wɑz ðət kʊd bi dən. bət mɔr ðən ˈɛniˌwən ˈæləks wɑz ˈərʤənsi pərˈsɑnəˌfaɪd. hi lɛt hɪz ˈtimˌmeɪts rɛst lɛt əˈloʊn hɪz əˈpoʊnənts, ˈpɪŋɪŋ ðə bɔl ˈɪntu fit ənd ˈspɪnɪŋ ənd ˈrənɪŋ ɔf. ɪt wɑz ən ˈɛksələnt pərˈfɔrməns, wən ˈwərði əv ə goʊl ənd wən fʊl əv dɪˈrɛkt, ˈvərtɪkəl ˈfʊtˌbɔl. ʃʊd kəm ɔf ðət pɪʧ təˈdeɪ ˈfilɪŋ laɪk ə ˈlɪvərˌpul pleɪər, ˈfilɪŋ laɪk ə ˈlɪvərˌpul midfielder*. fər ðə læst fju wiks hi həz bɪn ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ bət fər mi ɪt həz ˈɔfən fɛlt laɪk səm əv ðə preɪz həz bɪn ə bɪt əv ə strɛʧ, ə bɪt əv ə rɪˈlif. nɑt təˈdeɪ. təˈdeɪ wɑz ɪm ˈrənɪŋ ðə ʃoʊ ɪn ə klɑp tim, ɛz ə klɑp pleɪər, ʃoʊɪŋ ðə kˈwɑlətiz ðət wər ˈlækɪŋ əˈgɛnst ˈɛvərtən ənd ɪn səʧ ˈpeɪnfəli ʃɔrt səˈplaɪ əˈgɛnst wɛst brɑm. teɪk jʊr pɪk frəm ðə əv ˈʤinjəs bət kriˈeɪtɪŋ əv taɪm ˌbiˈfɔr ˈgɪvɪŋ ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈfʊtˌbɔl wərld ðə aɪz fər ðə ˈoʊpənər wɑz trɪˈmɛndəs. sərvd ˈnoʊtɪs hi wɑz ˈfilɪŋ ˈfrɪski wɪθ ðə fri kɪk ənd ðə ˈɛfərt wɪʧ ˈfɑloʊd bət ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ goʊl wɑz ə greɪt ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ə ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈgreɪtər fil fər ðə geɪm ðən ðə kraʊd ənd ðə ˈkæmərəz. hi ʃʊd du loʊdz əv θɪŋz ˈrəðər ðən wət hi dɪd; hi dɪd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˈpərfəktli. ə ˈmeɪkɪŋ fulz əv ˈjuˈɛs ɔl du tɪ hɪz kˈwɑləti. təʧ fər ðə ˈsɛkənd wɪl bɪˈkəm ˈtɛstəmənt tɪ nɑt ˈlɛtɪŋ ə kɔz bi lɔst bət ðə ˈfoʊkɪs ʃʊd ˈæˌkʧuəli bi ɔn ðə ˈkʊʃən əv ðə təʧ waɪl ɔn ðə strɛʧ. ə bɔl bæk ˈɪntu ðə bɑks ənd wən wɪʧ wʊd bi ɔl tu ˈizəli lɔst hæd nɑt əˈblaɪʤd wɪθ ðə ˈstupɪŋ ˈhɛdər. wi kən tu ˈɔfən luz ɪn ðə ˈtækəlz ənd ðə wərk reɪt, dæm ɪm wɪθ ˌɪnkərˈɛkt preɪz. ə ˈsəmpʧwəs ənd wən wɪʧ həz naʊ aʊtˈskɔrd hɪz rɪˈtərn frəm læst ˈsizən ɪn ɔl ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃənz. ɪt rɪˈmeɪnz ˈædˌvɛnt. ðə ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃən ʃʊd bi ðɛr ðət hi ɪkˈsidz 20 ənd ˈpɑsəbli 25 wi kən glɔs ˈoʊvər ənd ðə tɔp ˈskɔrər, ðoʊ wi du nid tɪ bi əˈwɛr ðət ˈkipɪŋ moʊˈhɑmɛd ˈsælə ɔf hɪz lɛft ən ˈɔpʃən ənd ðət jɛt əˈgɛn ɔl əv frənt θri həz skɔrd. ðɪs ɪz ˈwərði əv rɪˈflɛkʃən ɛz boʊθ ə ˈpɑzətɪv ənd ə ˈnɛgətɪv. ə ˈpɑzətɪv bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ˈglɔriəs, ɪt ɪz θri goʊlz ˈmɪnəməm, ə ˈnɛgətɪv ðət pərˈhæps ðɪs saɪd stɪl həz tɪ bi pleɪɪŋ tu wɛl tɪ ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ wɪn. wɪʧ brɪŋz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ðə lək. ðə ˈʤinjəs ˈoʊpənz ðə ˈskɔrɪŋ ənd ðə kˈwɑləti ˌdɪˈsaɪdz ðə skeɪl əv ðə wɪn, bət ˈɛfərt ˈhɪtɪŋ ðə poʊst ənd ˈbaʊnsɪŋ bæk aʊt stɑpt ˌæftərˈnun frəm bɪˈkəmɪŋ ˈstɪki. ðət wɑz fər hɪz ˈmætər bət wɑz ðə keɪs, ˈlɪvərˌpul ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə ˈbɛnəfɪt əv ə dɪˈsɪʒən riˈmaɪndɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs ðɛr ər ˈmɛni ənˈbælənst weɪz fər ɪt ɔl tɪ ˈbæləns aʊt ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ə ˈsizən. streɪnʤ wət kən bɪˈkəm ər kən groʊ tɪ fil mənˈdeɪn. ˈlɪvərˌpul təˈdeɪ pleɪd ðə sɔrt əv ˈfʊtˌbɔl ðət ˈɑrgjuəbli ˈoʊnli ðeɪ ənd ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti ər ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ɪn ðə ˈkəntri ənd jɛt ˈfilɪŋz kən pərˈsɪst ðət ðeɪ ər əˈweɪ frəm wɛr ðeɪ ʃʊd bi. ˌəndərˈstændəbəl ənd kən ˈoʊnli bi pʊt tɪ bɛd baɪ rɪˈzəlts. ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt fər ðə mɑrʧ tɪ kənˈtɪnju ənd fər ənˈbitən rənz nɑt tɪ ˌəndərˈwɛlm. ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðət ɪn ðɪs ˈsizən əv faɪv ˈvɛri gʊd ˈfʊtˌbɔl timz ənd wən greɪt wən, ˈwɑʧɪŋ ə ˈvɛri gʊd saɪd wɪʧ meɪ wɛl bi ðə wən bɛst pleɪst tɪ bɪˈkəm greɪt ˈoʊvər taɪm. ju wɪn ˈvɛri ˈɔfən ɪn ðɪs θɪŋ əv ɑrz. rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˈwɛðər ˈlɪvərˌpul bɪˈkəm greɪt ər nɑt ðeɪ ər soʊ ˈvaɪbrənt æt taɪmz. ðeɪ ər ə ʤɔɪ ənd ðeɪ ʃʊd brɪŋ ʤɔɪ. ˈnɛvər lɛt wɪnz bɪˈkəm mənˈdeɪn. ðeɪ ər ðə ˈæbsəˌlut ˈbɪznɪs. ˈɑrsənəl wɪl bi ə ril tɛst bət ðiz lædz kʊd wɛl bi ˈrɛdi tɪ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ðɛmˈsɛlvz əˈweɪ frəm əˈgɛn. simz tɪ hæv faʊnd wət hi noʊz hi kən bi gʊd æt wɪθ ðə lædz əraʊnd ɪm. aɪ θɪŋk ˈkruʃəl ənd ɪt minz ðət ˈlɪvərˌpul hæv gɑt ə ˈvɛri gʊd footballer.”*.” wɛl ɪn, səbˈskraɪb tɪ ˈlɪsən tɪ ɑr poʊst mæʧ ʃoʊ: ðə ræp (@theanfieldwrap*) 17 dɪˈsɛmbər 2017 ˈrisənt poʊsts: pics*: ˈdeɪvɪd ˈfoʊˌtoʊ laɪk ðə ræp ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ˈfɑloʊ ˈjuˈɛs ɔn tˈwɪtər
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liverpool’s intensity was exceptional as they beat bournemouth 0-4 this evening.
nil-four is a really rather rare scoreline and rightly so. to score four at any premier league ground without reply takes a very good performance and that is exactly what liverpool managed this evening.
in winning 0-4 you can need a bit of everything, a bit of luck, a smattering of genius, consistent quality and tempo, and a desire to work for one another. starting with the last of the four it is here that we see liverpool collectively be the most impressive. no player on the pitch today hid. every single footballer wanted to work for his colleagues. all game you saw liverpool players first to the ball.
joe gomez at right back making mark pugh’s life a misery; andy robertson nicking it from just in front of his man; roberto firmino time and again just there where his opponent must never was him, winning his game of psychological warfare through the middle of the pitch. no time to rest for any bournemouth players who make up that square between centre back and centre midfield. it must be exhausting to play against.
the consistent quality and tempo was set in the middle of the park. jordan henderson made himself constantly available and looked, especially early in the game, to pin bournemouth back. he was passing into the paths of his teammates both long and short and he was forcing the issue. philippe coutinho was coming inside, seeing what there was that could be done. but more than anyone alex oxlade-chamberlain was urgency personified. he wouldn’t let his teammates rest let alone his opponents, pinging the ball into feet and spinning and running off. it was an excellent performance, one worthy of a goal and one full of direct, vertical football.
oxlade-chamberlain should come off that pitch today feeling like a liverpool player, feeling like a liverpool midfielder. for the last few weeks he has been improving but for me it has often felt like some of the praise has been a bit of a stretch, a bit of a relief. not today. today was him running the show in a jürgen klopp team, as a jürgen klopp player, showing the qualities that were lacking against everton and in such painfully short supply against west brom.
take your pick from the smatterings of genius but coutinho’s creating of time before giving the entire football world the eyes for the opener was tremendous. he’d served notice he was feeling frisky with the free kick and the lofted effort which followed but the opening goal was a great example of a footballer having a greater feel for the game than the crowd and the cameras. he should do loads of things rather than what he did; he did everything perfectly. a footballer making fools of us all due to his quality.
firmino’s touch for the second will become testament to not letting a cause be lost but the focus should actually be on the cushion of the touch while on the stretch. it’s a beautifully-weighted ball back into the box and one which would be all too easily lost had dejan lovren not obliged with the stooping header. we can too often lose firmino in the tackles and the work rate, damn him with incorrect praise. he’s a sumptuous footballer and one which has now outscored his return from last season in all competitions. it remains advent. the expectation should be there that he exceeds 20 and possibly 25.
we can gloss over liverpool’s and the country’s top scorer, though we do need to be aware that keeping mohamed salah off his left isn’t an option and that yet again all of liverpool’s first-choice front three has scored. this is worthy of reflection as both a positive and a negative. a positive because it is glorious, it is three goals minimum, a negative that perhaps this side still has to be playing too well to expect to win.
which brings us to the luck. the genius opens the scoring and the quality decides the scale of the win, but jermain defoe’s effort hitting the post and bouncing back out stopped liverpool’s afternoon from becoming sticky. that firmino was offside for his doesn’t matter but was the case, liverpool getting the benefit of a refereeing decision reminding us there are many unbalanced ways for it all to balance out over the course of a season.
it’s strange what can become or can grow to feel mundane. liverpool today played the sort of football that arguably only they and manchester city are capable of in the country and yet feelings can persist that they are away from where they should be. that’s understandable and can only be put to bed by results. it’s important for the march to continue and for unbeaten runs not to underwhelm. it’s important to acknowledge that in this season of five very good football teams and one great one, we’re watching a very good side which may well be the one best placed to become great over time. you don’t win 0-4 very often in this thing of ours.
regardless of whether liverpool become great or not they are so vibrant at times. they are a joy and they should bring joy. never let 0-4 wins become mundane. they are the absolute business.
arsenal will be a real test but these lads could well be ready to enjoy themselves away from anfield again.
“he seems to have found what he knows he can be good at with the lads around him. i think that’s crucial and it means that liverpool have got a very good footballer.” well in, @alex_oxchambo 👊
subscribe to listen to our post match show: https://t.co/ckgroy9m3k pic.twitter.com/qjhkkmlhlv — the anfield wrap (@theanfieldwrap) 17 december 2017
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ðə ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈvɛnts ˈmænɪʤmənt ˈjunɪt hæv kɛpt faɪlz ɔn ðə ənd ˈɑrtəzən event”*” sɪns æt list 2010 ðə ˈænjuəl ˈbərnɪŋ mæn ˈfɛstɪvəl kɪks ɔf ðɪs wik ɪn blæk rɑk ˈdɛzərt. əˈməŋ ðoʊz peɪɪŋ kloʊz əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ðə fɛˈstɪvətiz wɪl bi ðə ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈvɛnts ˈmænɪʤmənt ˈjunɪt, hu hæv kɛpt faɪlz ɔn ““burners”*” sɪns æt list 2010 ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ə 2012 ˈfridəm əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ækt rɪkˈwɛst baɪ kɑŋ, ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ riˈlist ə faɪl rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə 2010 ˈfɛstɪvəl wɪʧ ɪt ɛˈroʊniəsli aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪz ɛz ðə 14th*, ˈrəðər ðən 24th*, ˌɪtəˈreɪʃən. ðə faɪl rɪˈpitɪdli steɪts ðət ˈbərnɪŋ mæn ɪz kənˈsɪdərd ˈkəlʧərəl ənd ˈɑrtəzən ɪˈvɛnt, wɪʧ prəˈmoʊts fri ɪkˈsprɛʃən baɪ ðə participants,”*,” ənd noʊts ðət ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈseɪfti kənˈsərnz ər kraʊd kənˈtroʊl ənd ˌɪˈligəl drəg juz. ɛz ɪz ˈɔfən ðə keɪs, ðə moʊst ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ pɑrts əv ðə faɪl ər ðə moʊst ˈhɛvəli rɪˈdæktɪd. fərst ɪz ðɪs noʊt ˈərli ɔn ðət du tɪ mɪˈstɪriəs events,”*,” ðə ˈfɛstɪvəl wʊd bi juzd ɛz ə sɔrt əv case”*” sɪˈnɛrioʊ wɪʧ meɪ ər meɪ nɑt bi rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðɪs ˈtænəˌlaɪzɪŋli rɪˈdæktɪd pis əv ɪkˈwɪpmənt ər ˌpərsəˈnɛl wɪʧ ðə ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi prəˈvaɪdɪŋ. hu ər wət wɑz prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪz ə ˈmætər əv kənˈʤɛkʧər, bət ˈpərsənəli, bi ˈkjʊriəs tɪ si haʊ ðə sɛl foʊn ˈtrækɪŋ tɛkˈnɑləʤi wʊd fɛr əp əˈgɛnst blæk rɑk noʊˈtɔriəsli bæd ˈsɛljələr rɪˈsɛpʃən. ˈsɛkənd ˈaɪtəm əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪz ðɪs ˈpɛrəˌgræf, wɪʧ kʊd pəˈtɛnʃəli ˌɪmˈplaɪ ðət səm ˈbərnərz wər ˈæˌkʧuəli ˌəndərˈkəvər pəˈlis ˈspɑrkɪŋ ðə dəˈbeɪt ˈoʊvər ˈwɛðər ðə tərm ““plainclothes”*” əˈplaɪz ɪn ðɪs ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ faɪlz, rɪkˈwɛsts wər meɪd fər ərˈɛst rɪˈpɔrts ənd faɪnz. ˈiðər səˈpraɪzɪŋli ər ˌənsərˈpraɪzɪŋli, nɑt ə lɔt ɪn ðɛm bət ɪf ju wər ˈwəndərɪŋ ʤɪst wət ɪt ɪz hæv tɪ du tɪ gɪt ərˈɛstɪd æt ˈbərnɪŋ mæn, ðə ˈænsər ɪz ˈfɪzɪkəli əˈsɔltɪŋ ə pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsər. rɛd ðə fʊl faɪl ɔn ðə rɪkˈwɛst peɪʤ, ər ɛmˈbɛdɪd bɪˈloʊ: ˈɪmɪʤ baɪ ʤɛf stərnz ˈviə ˈflɪkər ənd ɪz ˈlaɪsənst ˈəndər ˈsiˈsi
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the bureau’s special events management unit have kept files on the “cultural and artisan event” since at least 2010
the 29th annual burning man festival kicks off this week in nevada’s black rock desert. among those paying close attention to the festivities will be the fbi’s special events management unit, who have kept files on “burners” since at least 2010.
in response to a 2012 freedom of information act request by inkoo kang, the fbi released a 16-page file regarding the 2010 festival - which it erroneously identifies as the 14th, rather than 24th, iteration.
the file repeatedly states that burning man is considered “a cultural and artisan event, which promotes free expression by the participants,” and notes that the biggest safety concerns are crowd control and illegal drug use.
as is often the case, the most interesting parts of the file are the most heavily redacted.
first is this note early on that due to mysterious “past events,” the festival would be used as a sort of “test case” scenario …
which may or may not be related to this tantalizingly redacted piece of equipment or personnel which the semu is going to be providing.
who or what was provided is a matter of conjecture, but personally, i’d be curious to see how the fbi’s cell phone tracking technology would fare up against black rock city’s notoriously bad cellular reception.
second item of interest is this paragraph, which could potentially imply that some burners were actually undercover police - sparking the debate over whether the term “plainclothes” applies in this situation.
in addition to the fbi files, requests were made for arrest reports and fines. either surprisingly or unsurprisingly, there’s not a lot in them - but if you were wondering just what it is you’d have to do to get arrested at burning man, the answer is physically assaulting a police officer.
read the full file on the request page, or embedded below:
image by geoff stearns via flickr and is licensed under cc by-sa 2.0
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kɪdz hu lɪv ə ˈlævɪʃ ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl ˈkərtəsi əv ðɛr rɪʧ ˈpɛrənts kən ˈjuʒəwəli kaʊnt ɔn fˈjuʧər ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl sɪˈkjʊrəti, ənd ə kənˈtɪnjud laɪf əv ˈləgʒəri. wən pəˈtɛnʃəl ɛr hu wɪl nɑt ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm səʧ ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd wɛlθ ɪz ˈʤeɪˈsi ʧæn, sən əv ˌaɪˈkɑnɪk ˈækʃən ˈmuvi stɑr ˈʤæki ʧæn. nɪˈgeɪtɪŋ ən ˈərliər plɛʤ tɪ liv ˈoʊnli hæf hɪz ˈfɔrʧən tɪ ˈʧɛrɪti, ðə ˈɛldər ʧæn rɪˈvild ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 2012 ðət hi ˌɪnˈstɛd ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ gɪv hɪz ɪnˈtaɪər ˈfɔrʧən tɪ ˈʧɛrɪti, ˈtoʊtəli hɪz ˈɔfˌsprɪŋ ər ˈəðər ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz. bət waɪ? gɪt kəmˈpitɪŋ ˈpərsɪnəl loʊn ˈɔfərz ɪn ˈmɪnəts kəmˈpɛr reɪts frəm ˈməltəpəl ˈvɛtɪd ˈlɛndərz. dɪˈskəvər jʊr loʊəst ˈɛlɪʤəbəl reɪt. faɪnd maɪ bɛst reɪt ɪts kwɪk, fri ənd hərt jʊr ˈkrɛdɪt skɔr hi bɪˈlivz ɪn hɑrd wərk hi (ˈʤeɪˈsi) ɪz ˈkeɪpəbəl, hi kən meɪk hɪz oʊn ˈməni. ɪf hi ɪz nɑt, ðɛn hi wɪl ʤɪst bi ˈweɪstɪŋ maɪ money.”*.” ˈʤæki ʧæn ˈkəmɪŋ frəm ˈpɛrənts ðət wər ʧaɪˈniz ˈsɪvəl wɔr ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz, ˈʤæki ʧæn bɪˈgæn ˈtreɪnɪŋ ɪn ˈdrɑmə ənd ˈmɑrʃəl ɑrts ɛz ə smɔl ʧaɪld, ənd ˈstɑrtɪd hɪz kərɪr æt eɪʤ 5 hi gru tɪ bɪˈkəm ən ˈækʃən ˌkɔriˈɑgrəfər, stənt pərˈfɔrmər, kəˈmidiən, ənd ˌɑntrəprəˈnʊr, ənd həz wərkt wɪθ ðə ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri brus li. naʊ fər ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl hɪts səʧ ɛz ˈʃæŋˈhaɪ nun ənd ðə rəʃ aʊər ˈfrænˌʧaɪz, həz əˈmæst ə nɛt wərθ əv əˈprɑksəmətli 130 ˈmɪljən ənd həz əˈpɪrd ɪn ˈoʊvər 150 fɪlmz. hi ˈtruli ˈstɑrtɪd frəm ðə ˈbɑtəm, wərkt hɑrd, ənd bɪˈkeɪm ˈfeɪməs ɔn hɪz oʊn skɪl ənd ˌdɛdəˈkeɪʃən. (ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə) nis, bət nɑt ðət nis ˌɔlˈðoʊ ʧæn həz hɪz ˈfæməli, hɪz ˈɔfˌsprɪŋ hæv ˈbɛnəfɪtɪd frəm ðə lɑrˈgɛs əv ðə ˈɛldər ʧæn. fər ˈɪnstəns, hɪz sən ˈʤeɪˈsi, naʊ ɪn hɪz ˈərli 30s*, spɛnt hɪz ˈərli laɪf ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn mægˈnɪfɪsənt ˈmænʧənz, ˌɛnˈʤɔɪɪŋ ˈlævɪʃ veɪˈkeɪʃənz, rɪˈsivɪŋ ən ˈɛksələnt ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ənd ˈivɪn ðə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl səˈpɔrt əv hɪz ˈfeɪməs ˈfɑðər ɪn əˈtɛmptɪŋ tɪ lɔnʧ ə ˈmuvi kərɪr. bət waɪl ˈʤæki ʧæn kən pɔɪnt tɪ ə strɪŋ əv hɪts, ðə ˈjəŋgər 20 ˈstɑrɪŋ ˈmuvi roʊlz hæv ˈlɑrʤli bɪn əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ flɑps. əˈməŋ ðə moʊst spɛkˈtækjələr ˈfeɪljərz wɑz ə ˈmuvi hɪz ˈfɑðər, ˈdəbəl ˈtrəbəl, wɪʧ groʊst ə ˈpɔltri ɪn ˈtɪkɪt seɪlz, dɪˈspaɪt ˈhɛvi pərˈmoʊʃən. ɪn spaɪt əv hɪz pæst ˌʤɛnərˈɑsəti təˈwɔrd hɪz sən, ʧæn ɪkˈsprɛst ə dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən tɪ stɪk tɪ hɪz dɪˈsɪʒən ɪm əˈpɑn hɪz dɛθ. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ʧæn, ɪf hɪz sən wɑz səkˈsɛsfəl ɪn ˈkæpɪtəˌlaɪzɪŋ ɔn ðə ædˈvæntɪʤɪz hi həz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd θruaʊt hɪz laɪf, hi wʊd nɑt nid ən ˌɪnˈhɛrətəns. ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ɪf hɪz sən feɪld tɪ meɪk ə səkˈsɛs əv hɪmˈsɛlf, ðə ˈɛldər ʧæn ˈsteɪtɪd ðət ˈɛni ˈməni hi ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd wʊd bi ˈweɪstɪd. ˈʤæki həz bɪn ˈfrəˌstreɪtəd wɪθ ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl ənd ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈtrəbəlz fər ə lɔŋ taɪm, soʊ noʊ səˈpraɪz ðət hi trəst ɪm wɪθ 130 ˈmɪljən. laɪk ˈəðərz, hi bɪˈlivz ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd ˈməni ɪz ə ““curse”*” ʧæn ɪz nɑt əˈloʊn əˈməŋ səˈlɛbrɪtiz hu hæv dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ pæs əˈlɔŋ ðɛr ˈfɔrʧənz tɪ ðɛr ˈɔfˌsprɪŋ. ˈglɔriə ˈvændərbɪlt, hu ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd hər wɛlθ frəm ˈreɪˌlroʊd ənd ˈʃɪpɪŋ ˈmoʊgəl kɔrˈniljəs ˈvændərbɪlt, dɪˈklɛrd ɪn ˈeɪprəl 2014 ðət hər sən, ˈnuzˌmæn ˈændərsən ˈkupər, wɪl ˌɪnˈhɛrət ˈnəθɪŋ frəm əˈprɑksəmətli 200 ˈmɪljən ˈfɔrʧən hər əˈpɑn hər dɛθ. ˈglɔriə ˈvændərbɪlt, ðə ˈklæsɪk ˈlɪtəl rɪʧ girl,”*,” ˈsteɪtɪd ðət ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪŋ ˈməni wɑz ə ““curse.”*.” hər sən ˈændərsən ɪz nɑt ˈsəfərɪŋ ˌfaɪˈnænʃəli; rɪˈpɔrtədli ˈərnɪŋ 11 ˈmɪljən ˈænjuəli frəm hɪz ˈkɑnˌtrækt wɪθ ˈkeɪbəl ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn. həz ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd ə lɔt əv ˈməni ðət həz gɔn ɔn tɪ du θɪŋz ɪn ðɛr oʊn laɪf? frəm ðə taɪm aɪ wɑz groʊɪŋ əp, ɪf aɪ fɛlt ðət ðɛr wɑz səm pɑt əv goʊld ˈweɪtɪŋ fər mi, aɪ noʊ ðət aɪ bɪn soʊ motivated.”*.” ˈændərsən ˈkupər kəmˈpoʊzər ˈændru lɔɪd ˈwɛbər, ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ənd ˈkeɪbəl ˈmoʊgəl tɛd ˈtərnər, ˈfɔrmər nu jɔrk ˈsɪti meɪər ˈmaɪkəl ˈblumbərg, ˈwɔrən ˈbəfət ənd ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ˈfaʊndər bɪl geɪts hæv ˈɔlsoʊ əˈnaʊnst ðət ðɛr ˈʧɪldrən wɪl nɑt geɪn ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd wɛlθ frəm ðɛm. geɪts həz ˈsteɪtɪd ðət hɪz ˈʧɪldrən wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ əbˈteɪn ə ˌfərstˈklæs ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl minz tɪ dil wɪθ ˈɛni ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈɪʃuz, bət ðət ðeɪ wʊd bi ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ wərk fər ðɛr ˈɪnˌkəm ʤɪst laɪk ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv əˈmɛrɪkənz. hi ɪz noʊn fər hɪz fɪˈlænθrəpi bɪl geɪts, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ hɪz waɪf məˈlɪndə ənd ˌɪnˈvɛstər ˈbəfət hæv ˈteɪkən ðɛr riˈzɑlv ə stɛp ˈfərðər, ˈfɔrmɪŋ ən ɪkˈsklusɪv əˌfɪliˈeɪʃən əv ˌbɪljəˈnɛrz ɪn ən əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən noʊn ɛz ðə ˈgɪvɪŋ plɛʤ. ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈgɪvɪŋ plɛʤ, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈklud ˈtərnər, ˈblumbərg ənd ˈlukəs, meɪk ə ˈpəblɪk ˌdɛklərˈeɪʃən tɪ ˈdoʊˌneɪt æt list hæf əv ðɛr ˈtoʊtəl wɛlθ tɪ ˈʧɛrɪti ənd fɪˈlænθrəpi waɪl ðeɪ ər ˈlɪvɪŋ əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈlivɪŋ ˈʧɛrətəbəl ˈlɛgəsiz ˈæftər ðeɪ daɪ. ʧæn, hu ɪz ˈoʊnli ə multi-millionaire*, ɪz nɑt əˈfɪliˌeɪtɪd wɪθ ðə ˈgɪvɪŋ plɛʤ, bət ædˈmaɪrz geɪts ənd ˈbəfət. ˈivɪn ˌbiˈfɔr hɪz ˈfæməli, hi plɛʤd tɪ ˈdoʊˌneɪt hæf hɪz wɛlθ tɪ ˈʧɛrɪti əˈpɑn hɪz dɛθ. hi ɪz ə ˈjunəˌsɛf ˈgʊdˈwɪl æmˈbæsədər, kæmˈpeɪnz əˈgɛnst ˈænəməl əˈbjuz, fər ˌkɑnsərˈveɪʃən, ənd ˈfaʊndɪd ðə ˈʤæki ʧæn ˈʧɛrətəbəl faʊnˈdeɪʃən ɪn 1988 tɪ prəˈvaɪd eɪd tɪ ˈvɪktɪmz əv ˈnæʧərəl dɪˈzæstərz ənd ˈɪlnəs. ðə hɑrd wərk ˈʤæki pʊt ˈɪntu hɪz kræft ənd kərɪr ɪz əˈmeɪzɪŋ, ənd hɪz ˌʤɛnərˈɑsəti təˈwɔrdz ðə ˌdɪsədˈvænɪʤd ɪz well-recognized*. noʊ ˈwəndər waɪ ʧæn ˈgɪvɪŋ hɪz ˈfɔrʧən tɪ hɪz ə naʊ mæn tɪ dɪˈpɛnd ɔn hɪz ˈfɑðər fər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ kʊd bi kənˈsɪdərd ˈkɑmɪkəl. ʃɛr ðɪs poʊst: iˈmeɪl
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kids who live a lavish lifestyle courtesy of their rich parents can usually count on future financial security, and a continued life of luxury. one potential heir who will not benefit from such inherited wealth is jaycee chan, son of iconic action movie star jackie chan. negating an earlier pledge to leave only half his fortune to charity, the elder chan revealed in october 2012 that he instead intended to give his entire fortune to charity, totally disinheriting his offspring or other family members. but why?
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he believes in hard work
“if he (jaycee) is capable, he can make his own money. if he is not, then he will just be wasting my money.” – jackie chan
coming from parents that were chinese civil war refugees, jackie chan began training in drama and martial arts as a small child, and started his career at age 5. he grew to become an award-winning action choreographer, stunt performer, comedian, and entrepreneur, and has worked with the legendary bruce lee. he’s now world-famous for international hits such as shanghai noon and the rush hour franchise, has amassed a net worth of approximately $130 million and has appeared in over 150 films. he truly started from the bottom, worked hard, and became famous on his own skill and dedication. (wikipedia)
he’s nice, but not that nice
although chan has disinherited his family, his offspring have benefitted from the largesse of the elder chan. for instance, his son jaycee, now in his early 30s, spent his early life living in magnificent mansions, enjoying lavish vacations, receiving an excellent education and even the financial support of his famous father in attempting to launch a movie career. but while jackie chan can point to a string of hits, the younger chan’s 20 starring movie roles have largely been associated with flops. among the most spectacular failures was a movie co-starring his father, 2012’s double trouble, which grossed a paltry $9,000 in ticket sales, despite heavy promotion.
in spite of his past generosity toward his son, chan expressed a determination to stick to his decision disinherit him upon his death. according to chan, if his son was successful in capitalizing on the advantages he has enjoyed throughout his life, he would not need an inheritance. on the other hand, if his son failed to make a success of himself, the elder chan stated that any money he inherited would be wasted.
jackie has been frustrated with jaycee’s expensive lifestyle and financial troubles for a long time, so it’s no surprise that he doesn’t trust him with $130 million.
like others, he believes inherited money is a “curse”
chan is not alone among celebrities who have declined to pass along their fortunes to their offspring. gloria vanderbilt, who inherited her wealth from railroad and shipping mogul cornelius vanderbilt, declared in april 2014 that her son, newsman anderson cooper, will inherit nothing from approximately $200 million fortune her upon her death. gloria vanderbilt, the classic “poor little rich girl,” stated that inheriting money was a “curse.” her son anderson is not suffering financially; reportedly earning $11 million annually from his contract with cable network cnn.
“who has inherited a lot of money that has gone on to do things in their own life? from the time i was growing up, if i felt that there was some pot of gold waiting for me, i don’t know that i would’ve been so motivated.” – anderson cooper
composer andrew lloyd webber, baseball and cable mogul ted turner, former new york city mayor michael bloomberg, super-investor warren buffet and microsoft founder bill gates have also announced that their children will not gain inherited wealth from them. gates has stated that his children would be able to obtain a first-class education as well as the financial means to deal with any medical issues, but that they would be expected to work for their income just like the majority of americans.
he is known for his philanthropy
bill gates, along with his wife melinda and investor buffet have taken their resolve a step further, forming an exclusive affiliation of billionaires in an association known as the giving pledge. members of the giving pledge, which include turner, bloomberg and lucas, make a public declaration to donate at least half of their total wealth to charity and philanthropy while they are living along with leaving charitable legacies after they die.
chan, who is only a multi-millionaire, is not affiliated with the giving pledge, but admires gates and buffet. even before disinheriting his family, he pledged to donate half his wealth to charity upon his death. he is a unicef goodwill ambassador, campaigns against animal abuse, for conservation, and founded the jackie chan charitable foundation in 1988 to provide aid to victims of natural disasters and illness.
the hard work jackie put into his craft and career is amazing, and his generosity towards the disadvantaged is well-recognized. it’s no wonder why chan isn’t giving his fortune to his son–for a now 31-year-old man to depend on his father for anything could be considered comical.
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ɪf jʊr ˈloʊkəl ˈblɑkˌbəstər kloʊzd ɪts dɔrz ˌbiˈfɔr ju kʊd rɪˈtərn ðət ˈoʊvərˈdu ˌdiˌviˈdi ju ʤɪst faʊnd ˈəndər jʊr kaʊʧ, ɪn lək ju kən stɪl drɔp ɪt ɔf. ðə ˈoʊnli kæʧ ɪz ðət ju maɪt hæv tɪ draɪv tɪ əˈlæskə tɪ du ɪt. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈblɑkˌbəstər ˈʃətərd ɪts rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈaʊˌtlɛts ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2014 ɪts ˈwɛbˌsaɪt lɪsts ˈrəfli 50 stɔrz ðət rɪˈmeɪn ˈoʊpən ɪn səʧ loʊˈkeɪʃənz ɛz bɛnd, ˈɔrəˌgɑn; grænd fɔrks, nɔrθ dəˈkoʊtə; ənd ˈivɪn ə taʊn kɔld ðə nɔrθ poʊl, əˈlæskə, ɔn 320 nɔrθ ˈsænə klɔz leɪn, tɪ bi ɪgˈzækt. (hæt tɪp tɪ fər ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðə lɪst.) ju wər tɪ goʊ ˈɪntu ˈɛni əv ɑr stɔrz ɪn əˈlæskə ɔn ə ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ər ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ naɪt, bi səˈpraɪzd haʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl ər ɪn there,”*,” sɪz ˈælən peɪn, ðə ˈoʊnər əv mɔr ðən 20 əv ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ stɔrz. ənd ðə rɛst əv ðə sərˈvaɪvɪŋ ˈblɑkˌbəstərz ər ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈblɑkˌbəstərz ɪn neɪm ˈoʊnli. wɪθ ðə ˈkɔrpərət ˈsupərˌstrəkʧər dɪˈzɑlvd, ðeɪ ˈɔpərˌeɪt ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli, ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪŋ ðɛr oʊn weɪ θru ən ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ʃˈrɪŋkɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪt. ˈɔlsoʊ naʊ ˈtɛknɪkəli ˈklæsəˌfaɪd ɛz ˌlaɪsənˈsiz ˈrəðər ðən ˌfrænʧaɪˈziz, sɪns ðə ˈoʊnərz peɪ ə ˈmənθli fi fər ðə raɪt tɪ juz ðə ˈblɑkˌbəstər neɪm. ənd ðə ˈblɑkˌbəstər neɪm ɪz ˈrɪli ɔl ðət ɪgˈzɪsts əv ðə ˈvɪdioʊ ˈrɛntəl stɔr ʧeɪn, wɪʧ ə mɪr ˈdɛkeɪd əˈgoʊ, ˈboʊstɪd ə ˈmɑrkɪt ˈvælju əv 5 ˈbɪljən, wɪθ stɔrz stæft baɪ tin fɪlm bəfs ˈfɪlˌmeɪkərz. vju ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ðə ˈblɑkˌbəstər stɔr ɪn nɔrθ poʊl, əˈlæskə mɔr ðə ˈblɑkˌbəstər ˈvɪdioʊ stɔr ɪn nɔrθ poʊl, əˈlæskə. bət wɪn ðə ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən ˈstəmbəld, ɪt ˈstəmbəld hɑrd. ðə sidz fər ɪts dɪˈmaɪz wər ˈɑrgjuəbli ˈplænɪd ɪn 2002 wɪn ˈblɑkˌbəstər hæd ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ˈpərʧəs ə ˈflɛʤlɪŋ ˈsərvɪs kɔld (kriˈeɪtɪd, ɛz ðə ˈstɔri goʊz, baɪ dɪsˈgrənəld ˈrɛntər rid ˈheɪstɪŋz, hu wɑz ənˈhæpi əˈbaʊt oʊɪŋ 40 ɪn leɪt fiz fər ə ˈkɑpi əv əˈpɑloʊ 13 fər ə mɪr 50 ˈmɪljən ənd pæst. ˈsəbsəkwəntli faʊnd ɪts ˈfʊtɪŋ ənd ɪts pleɪd frəm ðɛn ɔn, ˌənsəkˈsɛsfəli ˈlɔnʧɪŋ ɪts oʊn səbˈskrɪpʃən ˈsərvɪs ɪn 2004 baɪ 2010 ə ˈdræstɪkli ˈblɑkˌbəstər faɪld fər ˈbæŋkrəptsi, ənd wɑz ˈpərʧəst ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ jɪr baɪ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni dɪʃ ˈnɛtˌwərk, fər məʧ, məʧ lɛs ðən 5 ˈbɪljən: traɪ 320 ˈmɪljən. dɪʃ kɛpt ðə ˈblɑkˌbəstər neɪm fər ɪts ɔn dɪˈmænd ˈsərvɪs, blockbuster@home*, ənd spɛnt ðə nɛkst tu jɪrz ˈkloʊzɪŋ daʊn ˈfɪzɪkəl stɔrz. noʊv. 9 2013 wɑz ðə læst deɪ ˈkəstəmərz kʊd juz ðɛr ˈblɑkˌbəstər kɑrdz tɪ rɛnt ə ˌdiˌviˈdi əˈproʊpriɪtli ɪˈnəf, ðɪs ɪz ðə ɛnd hoʊldz ðə ˈɑnər əv biɪŋ ðə læst ˈmuvi ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈɛvər ˈrɛntɪd. ˈʤænjuˌɛri 12 2014 bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈfaɪnəl deɪ əv ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz fər loʊˈkeɪʃənz, ˈlivɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ˈoʊnli ðoʊz. vju ˈfoʊˌtoʊz
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if your local blockbuster closed its doors before you could return that overdue dvd you just found under your couch, you’re in luck — you canill drop it off. the only catch is that you might have to drive to alaska to do it. although blockbuster shuttered its remaining corporate-owned brick-and-mortar outlets in january 2014, its bare-bones website lists roughly 50ores that remain open in such locations as bend, oregon; grand forks, north dakota; and even a town called the north pole, alaska, on 320 north santa claus lane, to be exact. (hat tip to reddit for finding the list.) “if you were to go into any of ourores in alaska on a friday or saturday night, you’d be surprised how many people are in there,” says alan payne, the owner of more than 20 of the remainingores.
payne’s and the rest of the surviving blockbusters are essentially binos — blockbusters in name only. with the corporate superstructure dissolved, they operate independently, navigating their own way through an increasingly shrinking market. they’re also now technically classified as licensees rather than franchisees, since the owners pay a monthly fee for the right to use the blockbuster name. and the blockbuster name is really all that exists of the once-mighty video rentalore chain, which a mere decade ago, boasted a market value of $5 billion, with 9,000oresaffed by 60,000 know-it-all teen film buffs and/or wanna-be filmmakers.
view photos the blockbusterore in north pole, alaska more
the blockbuster videoore in north pole, alaska.
but when the corporationumbled, itumbled hard. the seeds for its demise were arguably planted in 2002 when blockbuster had the opportunity to purchase a fledgling rental-by-mail service called netflix (created, as theory goes, by disgruntled renter reed hastings, who was unhappy about owing $40 in late fees for a copy of apollo 13) for a mere $50 million — and passed. netflix subsequently found its footing and its almost-owner played catch-up from then on, unsuccessfully launching its own subscription service in 2004. by 2010, a drastically slimmed-down blockbuster filed for bankruptcy, and was purchased the following year by the satellite-tv company dish network, for much, much less than $5 billion: try $320 million.
dish kept the blockbuster name for its on demand service, blockbuster@home, and spent the next two years closing down physicalores. nov. 9, 2013 was the last day customers could use their blockbuster cards to rent a dvd — appropriately enough, this is the end holds the honor of being the last movie the company ever rented. january 12, 2014 became the final day of operations for corporate-owned locations, leaving behind only those independently-operated binos.
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38 509 kəˈnæl nu ˌɔˈrlinz lɑ 70130 504 wɛl fər fæst fud aɪ wɑz ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈprɛst!! ðə ɪmˈplɔɪiz wər kwɪk ənd əˈtɛntɪv. aɪ wɑz bɪtˈwin əˈpɔɪntmənts ənd hæd əˈbaʊt 5 ˈmɪnəts tɪ faɪnd ə pleɪs tɪ it. wɑz ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ ən ˈoʊvərˌpraɪst ˈsænwɪʧ wɪθ ə slaɪs əv bif ənd ˈjɛloʊ ʧiz, bət aɪ ˈɔrdərd ə ˈbrɪskət ˈsænwɪʧ ˈkɑmˌboʊ. ðə ˈkərli fraɪz wər ˈɛksələnt, ðə ˈsænwɪʧ wɑz ˈfɪlɪŋ, meɪd wɛl, ənd hæd ə tən əv mit ɔn ɪt. ðə ˈmɛnju ˈɔlsoʊ hæd ə ˈrubən. ðoʊz kən bi fju ənd fɑr bɪtˈwin (laɪk ɔn kəˈnæl, ˈmeɪbi mɑrt, ənd ˈkutər braʊnz). aɪ wɑz ˈrɛdɪŋ ɔn ə pleɪs ˈnɪrˈbaɪ wɪθ ˈvɛri pur ˈreɪtɪŋz ənd ˈpraɪsɪz. ˈgɔrdən hæd ə ril loʊ ˈreɪtɪŋ ɛz wɛl. laɪk wən ˈpərsən ər ˈmeɪkɪŋ fud ɪn nu ˌɔˈrlinz wət mˈjuzɪk ɪz tɪ ˈbrænsən." wɛl æt ðɪs ˈɑrbiz fər 10 ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ tæks ðɛr wɑz ən əpˈstɛrz, lɑts əv ˈtʊrɪsts ˈhævɪŋ ə greɪt taɪm ɪkˈskleɪmɪŋ "si bɪl, aɪ toʊld ju ðət ju kən it ˈɛniˌwɛr ɪn ˈnoʊlə ənd ɪts greɪt!!!!" aɪ wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ "ˈməðərz" bət ə tən əv ˈgreɪvi ɔn jʊr sut ˈdɪdənt sit wɛl wɪθ mi. ənd ðeɪ praɪd ðɛmˈsɛlvz wɪθ sˈlɑpi fər mi ɔn ðɪs deɪ, ənd ðə ðoʊ ʤɪst kənˈsumd taɪm ˈkɑntəmˌpleɪtɪŋ ɪt. "ˈsɑri əm leɪt, aɪ hæd tɪ græb lənʧ wɪθ ˈsərvɪs aʊt ðə dɔr ənd wɑz traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt maɪ sut klind ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli. ˈdəzənt saʊnd tu gʊd, ɛ? ˈfɔrʧənətli ðɪs ˈɑrbiz wɑz ðə bɛst θɪŋ ðət ˈhæpənd ɔl deɪ, ənd ɪt ˈdɪdənt kɔst 250 aɪ wʊd hæv ˈteɪkən ə pɪk, bət wɑz ɪn tu məʧ əv ə ˈhəri. bɪg sˈlaɪsɪz əv ˈbrɪskət ˈmaɪnəs ðə fæt, ðə roʊst bif, səm leɪərz əv ˈəðər mits ˈkəvərd wɪθ ˈmɛltɪd swɪs. ʃoʊz haʊ ə ˈlɪtəl ʧeɪnʤ kən goʊ ə lɔŋ weɪ. naʊ əm goʊɪŋ tɪ ðə wən wən ˈvɛtərənz tɪ si ɪf ðeɪ kən "kip əp" wɪθ mɔr ðən ə fju ɪn laɪn wɪˈθaʊt ˈgɪtɪŋ dɪˈstræktɪd!!! aɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ˈmɪstər. ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ soʊ məʧ ˈməni frəm ðə fud ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪŋ haʊ tɪ pil ənd kʊk ˈkɛrəts, hɪz kɔr sɔrs əv ˈɪnˌkəm ɪz ɪn ə fri fɔl. wɪn wərd gɪts aʊt əˈbaʊt 250 ˈbɑtəlz əv waɪn pɛrd wɪˈθaʊt ə sommelier*. hɪz ˈstætəs ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ fɔl ənd hɪz beɪs (ˈrɛˌstrɑnts) wɪl teɪk ə hɪt. baɪ ðə gɑdz ðɪs ɪz wən əv ðə wərst ˈɑrbiz ˈrɛˌstrɑnts aɪ hæv ˈɛvər bɪn tɪ! ˈsɪriəsli tɪ ɔl ðoʊz ˈtʊrɪsts hu kəm hir frəm aʊt əv taʊn. waɪ wʊd ju kəm ɔl ðə weɪ frəm hu noʊz wɛr tɪ ən ˈɛriə ðət ɪz wərld rɪˈnaʊn fər ˈkrioʊl, ˈsiˌfud ənd soʊl fud ʤɪst tɪ it æt ə ˈgɑrbɪʤ fæst fud ˈrɛˌstrɑnt ðət ju kən faɪnd ˈɛniˌwɛr ɛls əraʊnd ðə wərld? aɪ ˈtoʊtəli ˌəndərˈstænd haʊ ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ɪt ɪz ɪn ðə frɛnʧ kˈwɔrtər ənd haʊ ˈsəmˌwən meɪ wɔnt tɪ seɪv səm ˈməni. ɪf ju ˈwɑnə seɪv səm skræʧ ʧɛk aʊt ˈpɑˌpaɪz, məkˈdɑnəldz, ˈsəbˌweɪ ər ɔl ðə ˈəðər fæst fud ˈrɛˌstrɑnts ɪn ðə ˈɛriə. hir ər səm ˈrizənz aɪ heɪt ˈɑrbiz ɔn kəˈnæl strit! loʊˈkeɪʃən ɪz ˈvɛri ˈdərti. ðeɪ ˈhɑrdli ˈɛvər mɑp ðə flɔrz ər klin ɔf ə ˈteɪbəl. ˈnɛvər stɑk ðə ˈkɑndəmənts. ˈɛvəri taɪm aɪ ˈnidɪd ˈkɛʧəp ˈhɔrsi sɔs ðeɪ wər ˈɔlˌweɪz aʊt. 3 rud ənd ˈvɛri ˈsərli stæf, wɪn ðə ˈkɑndəmənts ər aʊt ənd ju æsk ðɛm fər ˈkɛʧəp ˈpækɪts. ðeɪ gɪv ju səm ˈdərti lʊks bɪˈkəz ju meɪd ðɛm du səm wərk. ɪt simz tɪ mi ðət ˈɛvriˌwən gɪts ðə ˈtʊrɪst ˈtritmənt hir. ˈɔlˌweɪz hæv ðə ˈsɛkənd flɔr ˈɛriə kloʊzd ɔf. aɪ gɛs ðeɪ du ðət bɪˈkəz ðə stæf ɪz tu ˈleɪzi tɪ klin əp ðə fərst flɔr ˈɛriə tɪ bɪˈgɪn wɪθ. ðɛr ər tənz əv ˈrizənz ðət aɪ wʊd juz tɪ dɪs ðɪs pleɪs bət ðɪs ˈsɪmpəl ˌrivˈju wʊd nɑt bi ˈædəkˌweɪt ɪˈnəf tɪ ˈkəvər ɪt. aɪ stɪl doʊnt ˌəndərˈstænd waɪ ˈsɛvərəl ˈpipəl ɔn ðə ˈnoʊlə jɛlp tɔk θrɛdz hæv ən əbˈsɛʃən wɪθ ðɪs pleɪs. həm ˈmeɪbi ðeɪ dɪd tu ˈmɛni drəgz wɪn ðeɪ wər ˈjəŋgər. ɪn ʃɔrt ɪf ju ər ə ˈtʊrɪst ʧɛk aʊt səm əv ðə haɪ ˈreɪtɪd ˈpleɪsɪz ɔn jɛlp. ɪf ju ər ə ʧip skeɪt baɪ səm brɛd ənd lənʧ mit æt ˌɪnˈstɛd əv goʊɪŋ hir! piz aɪ θɪŋk səm əv ðə ˈəðər rəvˈjuz aɪ rɛd əˈbaʊt ðɪs pleɪs wər ˈprɪti ˈfəni! aɪ kən kaʊnt haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz aɪv ˈitən æt ən ˈɑrbiz, əˈprɑksəmətli 11 aɪv ˈɔlˌweɪz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ðɛr fud, ɪts ə greɪt weɪ tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus ˈjɔrsɛlf tɪ roʊst bif, ˌhaʊˈɛvər ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈsəmθɪŋ aɪ kən it ˈɛvriˈdeɪ, (əm traɪɪŋ tɪ steɪ sˈlɛndər ənd ɔl, lɔl noʊ ˈrɪli aɪ æm! waɪl ˈhævɪŋ ə tɪf wɪθ maɪ ˈhəni, əm ˈstɑrvɪŋ ˈæftər ə 9 aʊər draɪv frəm ˈdæləs bæk hoʊm tɪ nu ˌɔˈrlinz, (ðə draɪv ʃʊd ˈnɛvər bi ðət lɔŋ, bət ðɛr wɑz ˈtræfɪk ənd ɔl ðət ʤæz) ˈɛni hu hiz goʊz ˈɪntu kəˈsinoʊ ənd əm laɪk skru ðɪs, əm ˈhəŋgri, aɪ nid fud ənd fæst! aɪv ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈnoʊtɪst ðə ˈɑrbiz ɔn kəˈnæl, bət wɑz ˈɔlˌweɪz laɪk meh*, ɪts ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈdərti ɪn ðɛr, ənd gɛs wət? ɪt wɑz, oʊ maɪ ðɛr wɑz ə roʊʧ ɔn ðə ˈbænɪstər ɛz sun ɛz aɪ wɔkt ɪn, əm ʃʊr lɑts əv ˈpleɪsɪz aɪv ˈitən hæv ˈroʊʧɪz (jək!) bət tɪ si wən, aɪ wɑz dɪsˈgəstɪd, aɪ ræn aʊt ənd naʊ aɪ fil ˈvɛri ˈdɪfərˈɛntli əˈbaʊt ˈɑrbiz. sæd tɪ seɪ bɪˈkəz aɪ ˈrɪli ˈwɔntɪd ɪt. ðɪs ɪz ðə prɛˈmɪr ˈɑrbiz loʊˈkeɪʃən ɪn ðə ɪnˈtaɪər wərld. ˈɑrbiz meɪks ə ˈdisənt roʊst bif fər ə dɪsˈgəstɪŋ fæst fud ʧeɪn. moʊst əv ðə ˈsænwɪʧɪz ənd ðə ˈkərli faɪərz ər ə kət əˈbəv jʊr ˈtɪpɪkəl fæst fud səˈlɛkʃən. ɔn ðə ɛʤ əv ðə frɛnʧ kˈwɔrtər, wɪʧ ɪz hoʊm tɪ səm əv ðə bɛst gəˌstrɑˈnɑmɪk dɪˈlaɪts ɪn ðə wərld, wən wʊd æsk "waɪ" ˈpipəl it səʧ drəʤ ɛz fæst fud? wɛl ˈʤɛnərəli aɪ wʊd seɪ ðeɪ ər drəŋk ər ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˈəndər ðə ˈɪnfluəns əv səm maɪnd ˈɔltərɪŋ ˈsəbstəns. aɪ bɪˈliv aɪ ʃʊd kənˈfɛs aɪv ˈitən ɪn ðɪs ˈɑrbiz ə grænd ˈtoʊtəl əv wən taɪm ɪn maɪ laɪf, bæk ˈdʊrɪŋ maɪ ˈkɑlɪʤ deɪz, wɪn aɪ wɑz ɪn ʤɪst səʧ ə bɪr ˌɪnˈdust ˈɔltərd steɪt ənd aɪ ˈsɔrli ˈnidɪd səm ˈkərli fraɪz. ɪn ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈkɑntɛkst, loʊˈkeɪʃən ər rɛlm aɪ wʊd moʊst ˈlaɪkli reɪt ˈɑrbiz əraʊnd ə 1 2 ər 3 stɑr ʤɔɪnt ənd əm noʊn ɛz ə ˈrəðər strɪkt jɛlp rivˈjuər soʊ ju maɪt æsk ˈjɔrsɛlf, "waɪ 5 stɑrz?" wɛl fər wən ˈrizən ənd ðət maɪ frɛnd wʊd bi ðə praɪm loʊˈkeɪʃən əv ðə ˈbɑθˌrumz ɪn ðɪs ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt! ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈkɑrnəvəl ˈsizən wɪn ðə ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ərʤ tɪ riˈlis ðə ˈblædər ˌɪnˈvɛriəbli ˈhæpənz ˈæftər ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ fərˈmɛntəd ˈbɛvrɪʤɪz ðɪs ˈɑrbiz həz praɪm ril ɛˈsteɪt ɔn ðə pəreɪd rut tɪ əˈsɪst ju frəm ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ ðə ˈpəblɪk tɪ jʊr ˈdɛspərɪt nid tɪ rɪˈliv ˈjɔrsɛlf. ˈpəblɪk riˈlis əv ðə ˈblædər ɪn nu ˌɔˈrlinz ɪz wən əv ðə moʊst fraʊnd əˈpɑn əˈfɛnsɪz baɪ ðə ˈɔfɪsərz əv ðə nu ˌɔˈrlinz pəˈlis ənd ðeɪ ər wɛl noʊn fər ərˈɛstɪŋ əˈfɛndərz ənd ðɛn wɪθ ðə ʃɪr ˈvɑljum əv əˈfɛndərz ʤeɪld ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈkɑrnəvəl ˈpipəl hæv bɪn lɔst fər wiks ɪn ðə pleɪs ðət ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi ˈwɪʃɪz tɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns ðət ʃæl nɑt bi ˈspoʊkən əv. soʊ jɛs maɪ kəmˈpeɪtriəts ðɪs ˈɑrbiz kən seɪv jʊr ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən, jʊr fɛˈstɪvətiz ənd jʊr ˈblædər frəm ɪkˈsploʊdɪŋ soʊ ˈblɛsɪŋz bi əˈpɑn ðɪs ˈmɛkə əv bərt ("wɛr ðə ˈloʊkəlz it wɑz ˈpɪkɪŋ əp ˈdɪnər fər ə frɛnd hu wɑz ˈraɪtɪŋ ɪn ðɛr rum wɪn aɪ sɔ nɑt wən roʊʧ bət ˈmɛni, ðeɪ wər ˈprɑbəˌbli drɔn baɪ ɔl ðə ˈrəbɪʃ ɔn ðə flɔr ɪn ðə ˈkɪʧən. kənˈsɪdərɪŋ haʊ ˈɛmti ðɪs pleɪs wɑz (ðɛr wɑz ˈlɪtərəli noʊ wən ɪn ðɛr) ju wʊd θɪŋk ðə pleɪs wʊd bi klin. ðɛr ər ˈmɛni ˈmɛni ˈbɛtər ˈdaɪnɪŋ ˈɔpʃənz wɪˈθɪn ˈwɔkɪŋ ˈdɪstəns du nɑt kəm hir. ɪf jʊr ˈdɛspərɪt fər ə ʧip mil goʊ raʊnd ðə ˈkɔrnər tɪ ˈdeɪzi duks jul peɪ əˈbaʊt ðə seɪm praɪs ənd ðə fud ɪz soʊ məʧ ˈbɛtər. kloʊz ðɪs pleɪs. pur ʃoʊɪŋ fər ðə ˈɑrbiz ʧeɪn. ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi rənz aʊt əv roʊst bif. moʊst əv ðə ɪmˈplɔɪiz hæv ˈætəˌtudz frəm wət aɪ hæv əbˈzərvd. bɪn hir 3 taɪmz ənd ˈnəθɪŋ ˈʧeɪnʤɪz. seɪv jʊr lis ˈməni. aɪ ˈwʊdənt ˈnɔrməli ˌrivˈju fæst fud, bət ɛz ə ˈsərvɪs tɪ ˈəðər ˈtʊrɪsts: ðɪs pleɪs ɪz ˈtɛrəbəl. ɪf ju θɪŋk ðət baɪ goʊɪŋ tɪ ə ˈnæʃənəl ʧeɪn ˈrɛˌstrɑnt jul bi ˈgɪtɪŋ ə noʊn, rɪˈlaɪəbəl ˈprɑdəkt, jʊr rɔŋ. ðə fud ɪz ˈtɛknɪkəli ðə seɪm, bət ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ ɪz ˈfɪlθi. əpˈstɛrz smɛlz ˈfəŋki, ənd ˈɛvəri ˈsərfəs həz ə leɪər əv ˈsəmθɪŋ. aɪ fɛlt laɪk aɪ ʃʊd wɑʃ maɪ hænz ˈæftər ˈteɪkɪŋ maɪ ʧɛr ɔf ðə ˈteɪbəl (ʧɛrz wər ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəlz ənd ðə ˈkɛʧəp pəmp ˈɛmti æt nun). wɪn aɪ traɪd tɪ skut maɪ ˈteɪbəl baɪ ˈlɪftɪŋ ɪt frəm bɪˈloʊ, maɪ ˈfɪŋgərz keɪm əˈweɪ wɪθ ə ˈtæki ˈsəbstəns (nɑt wən əv ðɛr ˈsɔsɪz). æt ðət pɔɪnt, aɪ dɪd goʊ wɑʃ maɪ hænz. ɪn ðə ˈbæθˌrum, ðə ˈfɔsət ɪz ˈbroʊkən ənd spreɪz ˈɛvriˌwɛr, ənd ðɛr ər noʊ taʊəlz, ˈoʊnli ə ˈʤəŋki ˈhitər (wɪʧ ɪz ʤɪst ɛz wɛl, aɪ səˈpoʊz, sɪns ˈtəʧɪŋ θɪŋz ɪn ðɪs ˈrɛˌstrɑnt ˈwəzənt ə gʊd aɪˈdiə). aɪ draɪd maɪ hænz ɔn maɪ slivz, ənd fɛlt ˈfɔrʧənət fər ɪt. wɪn aɪ gɑt bæk tɪ ðə ˈʃɛrətən əˈkrɔs ðə strit, aɪ ˈnoʊtɪst ðɛr ˈrɛˌstrɑnt həz 10 lənʧ ˈspɛʃəlz (e.g*., remoulade*, ˈkætˌfɪʃ poʊ bɔɪ, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə.), ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈwiˌkɛndz. aɪ hæd peɪd 8 fər ðə skɪn ˈkrɔlɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns æt ˈɑrbiz. ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈikwəl. ɪn ə ˈsɪti əv gəˌstrɑˈnɑmɪk ˈwəndər ənd dɪˈlaɪt, ˈɛvəri wəns ɪn ə waɪl ju kəm əˈkrɔs ə ˈhɪdən ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈtrɛʒər. ðɪs ɪz ðət pleɪs. ə- əˈtroʊʃəs ɑr- ˈræʧət bi bɪˈzɑr waɪ jaɪks ɛs sæd, sæd, sæd... ˈoʊˈkeɪ, soʊ ɪt ɪz ˈtoʊtəli ɑr fɔlt fər ˈitɪŋ æt ðɪs arbys*. bət ˈæftər ə lɔŋ deɪ əv ˈitɪŋ ˈrɪli gʊd fud (si ˌrivˈju frəm kəˈmændərz ˈpæləs ənd, jɛs kəˈmændərz ˈpæləs tɪ ˈɑrbiz ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər fɔl frəm greɪs). wi ˈdɪdənt hæv ðə ˈɛnərʤi ər ˈstəmək kəˈpæsɪti tɪ sɪt θru əˈnəðər juʤ mil ðət deɪ, bət wər əˈfreɪd tɪ hɛd bæk tɪ ðə hoʊˈtɛl ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈsəmθɪŋ fər ˈdɪnər. wi pɑpt ˈɪntu ˈɑrbiz ˈæftər ˈbaɪˌpæsɪŋ ɔl əv ðə ˈskɛri ˈlʊkɪŋ daɪvz əˈlɔŋ ˈbərbən strit. ɪn ðə ˈdɪstəns wi sɔ ˈɑrbiz wɪʧ ˈʤɛnərəli ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts "seɪf" fæst fud. oʊ maɪ frɪr. əˈpɑn ərˈaɪvɪŋ, ðə ˈmænɪʤər hæd tɪ prɑmpt wən əv hɪz ˈsɛvən ˈwərkərz ˈhæŋɪŋ aʊt bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ˈkaʊntər tɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli teɪk ɑr ˈɔrdər. ˈæftər səm ˈprɑdɪŋ, aɪ wɑz ˈweɪtɪd ɔn baɪ ə jəŋ ˈleɪdi hu ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ðət ʃi wɑz sˈləgɪʃ, ʃi hæd tɪ wərk ənˈtɪl ɪt wɑz ˈoʊnli æt ðət pɔɪnt. ˈoʊˈkeɪ, faɪn aɪ gɪt ɪt! aɪ traɪd tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ hər ənd prəˈsidəd wɪθ maɪ ˈɔrdər. ɔl aɪ ˈwɔntɪd wɑz ə ˈklæsɪk wɪʧ ˈklɪrli ˈmɛni ˈpeɪtrənz doʊnt ˈɔrdər frəm ðɪs loʊˈkeɪʃən ɛz ðə prɛp kʊk rɪˈpitɪdli æst ðə kæˈʃɪr "ʃi ˈɔrdərd ə?" ɛz ɪf aɪ hæd ˈɔrdərd ˈkæviˌɑr ənd kweɪl ɛgz. sɪt bæk, ɪt gɪts wərs wi ˈnoʊtɪst ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ krɑk pɑt sloʊ ˈkʊkər ɔn ðə ˈkaʊntər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ðə ˈhændəl ɔn ðə lɪd wɑz ˈmɪsɪŋ ənd ðeɪ hæd ɪt rɪgd əp wɪθ səm sɔrt əv waɪər. wɪn wi æst wət ɪt wɑz juzd fər ðeɪ sɛd ɪt wɑz juzd tɪ kip ðə oʊ ʤəs sɔs wɔrm. ˈʃʊrli, ðɪs rɪgd əp krɑk pɑt ˈkænɑt bi ə pɑrt əv ðə ˈkəstəˌmaɪzd ˈstændərˌdaɪzd ˈɑrbiz ˈfrænˌʧaɪz plæn. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, wi ˈweɪtɪd ˈnɪrli 10 ˈmɪnəts, waɪl ðeɪ frid ən ˈɔrdər əv stɪks fər maɪ frɛnd. aɪ gɛs ɪt wɑz ə sloʊ naɪt fər ðə stæf ðə gaɪ ˈwərkɪŋ ðə dip fraɪər θɔt ɪt wʊd bi kul tɪ θroʊ ðə stɪks tɪ ðə prɛp kʊk hu wɑz ˈweɪtɪŋ tɪ pleɪs ðɛm ɪn ðə bæg əv kɔrs, ðə bæg slɪpt frəm ðə prɛp kʊks hænz ənd ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə flɔr. ʃi ðɛn prəˈsidəd tɪ æsk maɪ frɛnd ɪf ʃi ˈwɔntɪd ðə stɪks ðət hæd ˈfɑlən ɔn ðə flɔr (sɪns, ɪn hər wərdz, ðə ˈækʧəwəl stɪks ˈhædənt hɪt ðə flɔr) ər ɪf wi wər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ weɪt fər ðɛm tɪ fraɪ əp əˈnəðər bæʧ! jɛp, ju gɛst ɪt əˈnəðər 10 fər ðɛm tɪ fraɪ əˈnəðər bæʧ! ˈlɛsən ˈlərnɪd. aʊt əv ɔl əv ðə ˈɑrbiz loʊˈkeɪʃənz aɪv ˈɛvər bɪn tɪ, ðɪs wən ɪz ðə bɛst. ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ ðət ɪt ɪz ɪn ɪz ˈprɛʃəs. ðɛr ɪz ən ˈəpər ˈlɛvəl fər mɔr ˈsitɪŋ. ˈɔlsoʊ, ðə ˈpipəl hu wər ˈwərkɪŋ wər bɪɔnd nis! ðeɪ brɔt ɑr fud tɪ ˈjuˈɛs əpˈstɛrz. ɛz fɑr ɛz fud ɪt wɑz ðə seɪm ɛz ˈɔlˌweɪz. ˈsərvɪs ˌhaʊˈɛvər dɪd stænd aʊt ɪn ə ˈvɛri ˈpɑzətɪv weɪ frəm wət aɪ hæd ərˈɪʤənəli ɪkˈspɛktɪd. lɛt mi pliz tɛl jɔl əˈbaʊt ɑr ɪkˈspɪriəns æt ðə ˈɑrbiz kəˈnæl strit loʊˈkeɪʃən. ˈnɔrməl ɪkˈspɪriəns goʊɪŋ ɪn, aɪ ðɛn wɔʧ ˈsəmˌwən ˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə stɛrz, ˈʧɛkɪŋ ˈpeɪpər ɛz tɪ əˈlaʊ ðɛm əpˈstɛrz. ˈæftər maɪ mil, aɪ æsk wɛr ðə ˈrɛˌstrum ɪz. əpˈstɛrz. jɛp. wi hæv ə ˈrɛˌstrum ˈnɑtsi. aɪ ʃoʊ ɪm maɪ rɪˈsit. aɪ goʊ əpˈstɛrz tɪ ðə ˈvɛri ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈtɔɪlət. wən əv ðə θri stɔlz hæv ˈtɔɪlət ˈpeɪpər. wən. aɪ kəm ˈdaʊnˈstɛrz ənd aɪ tɛl ˈnɑtsi ðət hɪz ˈvɛri ˈkəvətɪd ˈrɛˌstrum həz ˈoʊnli wən roʊl əv ˈpeɪpər. wən. hi ðɛn tɛlz mi ðət ɪz nɑt hɪz ʤɑb. hmmmmmmmmm*. weɪt. ˈɛniˌweɪ, ju si wɛr ðɪs ɪz goʊɪŋ. ənd boʊθ maɪ mɑm ənd ˈhəzbənd naʊ nid tɪ goʊ tɪ ðə ˈrɛˌstrum. ər ðeɪ əˈlaʊd????? nooooooo*, bɪˈkəz aɪ ɔˈrɛdi juzd ðə rɪˈsit. wət ðə fəʤ???? ɪts ˈnɪrli æm, ənd jʊr ˈstəmbəlɪŋ bæk frəm ˈbərbən strit təˈwɔrdz jʊr hoʊˈtɛl nɛkst dɔr tɪ ðɪs ˈɑrbiz. bət weɪt! leɪt naɪt ˈmənˌʧiz! ðə niɑn laɪts ˈbɛkən..... ənd soʊ hir aɪ æm æt æm, ˈitɪŋ maɪ 3 roʊst bif ˈsænwɪʧ wɪʧ tʊk 18 ˈmɪnəts tɪ gɪt bɪˈkəz ðə ˈrɛˌstrɑnt stæf muvd sloʊər ðən məˈlæsəz, ˌɛnərˈteɪnɪŋ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf baɪ ˈkaʊntɪŋ haʊ ˈmɛni drəŋk ˈpipəl kən faɪnd ðə ˈbæθˌrum əpˈstɛrz wɪˈθaʊt ˈtrɪpɪŋ ɔn ðɛr ˈfeɪsɪz. (baɪ ðə weɪ, aʊt əv 10 ˈpipəl, 7 əv ðɛm trɪpt ɔn ðə stɛrz. waʊ. ðət wɑz wərθ ðə 3 praɪs əv ədˈmɪʃən.) ˈsərvɪs ɛz ˈjuʒəwəl ɪn nu ˌɔˈrlinz ɪz ˌmidiˈoʊkər, ənˈfrɛndli aɪ kænt ˈʤɛnərəˌlaɪz, bət ðæts haʊ ɪt ɪz ɪn kəˈnæl ənd ˈbərbən ðə frɛnʧ ˈmɑrkɪt həz ˈnaɪsər ˈpipəl aɪ ˈrɪli laɪk ðɛr ˈbrɪskət ˈsænwɪʧ, ənd laɪk "ˈɪˌdiəts" wi ˈweɪtɪd bɪˈkəz əv ɪt. ɪt tʊk ðɛm 45 ˈmɪnəts tɪ teɪk ɑr ˈɔrdər sərv ɑr fud. ðə pleɪs wɑz nɑt ɪkˈstrimli ˈbɪzi. ðɛr wər ˈprɑbəˌbli əˈbaʊt 15 ˈkəstəmərz ˈtoʊtəl. aɪv ˈnɛvər sin ˈɛniˌθɪŋ laɪk ðɪs ˌbiˈfɔr! ˌæbsəˈlutli "noʊ heɪst!" ðɪs pleɪs gɪvz nu ˈminɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈætəˌtud! ɪf ðɪs ɪz haʊ ðə "bɪg ˈizi" dɪz fæst ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi gɑt taɪm fər ðət! ˌənbəˈlivəbəl! ˈreɪˌsɪzəm æt ɪts bɛst. ɪkˈstrimli min, ˌənprəˈfɛʃənəl, ənd lɛs ðən ˈkərtiəs stæf. ɪf ju ər əˈmɛrɪkən ənd bɪˈliv ɪn ə ˈfrutfəl əˈmɛrɪkən ɪˈkɑnəmi, doʊnt səˈpɔrt ə ˈbɪznɪs ðət bɪˈlivz ɪn əˈprɛʃən ənd dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən. wi ər ɔl ˈikwəl ˈɔfəl. pur ˈsərvɪs, bət wət ʃʊd ju ɪkˈspɛkt fər leɪt naɪt ˈsərvɪs. ʤɪst græb ə slaɪs əv ˈpitsə ər hɪt əp ˈkrɪstəl aɪ ˈdɪdənt noʊ ðɛr wɑz ə bæd ˈɑrbiz ɪn ðə ˈkaʊnti bət ðɪs pleɪs pruvd mi rɔŋ. wɪθ wən ˈpərsən ɪn frənt əv mi, aɪ ˈweɪtɪd ˈnɪrli 10 ˈmɪnəts fər maɪ tərn ˈoʊnli tɪ bi kət ɔf baɪ ə rud kɪd. ðə kæˈʃɪr tʊk hɪz ˈɔrdər ɪn frənt əv maɪn ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈtɛlɪŋ ɪm tɪ gɪt ɪn laɪn. ɛz əm ˈɔrdərɪŋ aɪ faɪnd aʊt ðeɪ ər aʊt əv roʊst bif. wət? ˈɑrbiz ɪz aʊt əv roʊst bif? kloʊz ðə frənt dɔrz! haʊ kən ju bi ˈoʊpən wɪˈθaʊt roʊst bif? ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlərnɪd ðeɪ wər aʊt əv milkshakes*. ɪmˈplɔɪiz wər ˈtɔkɪŋ ɔn ðɛr sɛl foʊnz æt ðə frənt ˈkaʊntər ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈhɛlpɪŋ gɛsts. ˈhɔrəbli ˈmænɪʤd ˈrɛˌstrɑnt. ˈɔfəl ˈkəstəmər ˈsərvɪs. ðeɪ trit ju laɪk ju hæv dən ˈsəmθɪŋ rɔŋ. ðə fud wɑz koʊld ənd fər arbys*. ən ɪmˈbɛrəsmənt tɪ fæst fud. ˈplɛnti əv ˈpipəl bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ˈkaʊntər bət ðeɪ ˈdɪdənt gɪv ə dɑrn əˈbaʊt ˈmuvɪŋ fæst ənd ˈsərvɪŋ ðə ˈoʊnli 5 əv ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ðə stɔr. ən ɪmˈbɛrəsmənt.
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38
509 canal st
new orleans , la 70130
(504) 561-1235
well for fast food i was really impressed!! the employees were quick and attentive. i was between appointments and had about 5 minutes to find a place to eat. was expecting an overpriced sandwich with a slice of beef and yellow cheese, but i ordered a brisket sandwich combo. the curly fries were excellent, the sandwich was filling, made well, and had a ton of meat on it. the menu also had a reuben. those can be few and far between (like on canal, maybe verti mart, and cooter browns). i was reading on a besh place nearby with very poor ratings and $$$$ prices. gordon biersch had a real low rating as well. like one person stated--"we are making food in new orleans what music is to branson." well at this arby's for $10 including tax $?, there was an upstairs, lots of tourists having a great time exclaiming "see bill, i told you that you can eat anywhere in nola and it's great!!!!" i was going to "mother's" but a ton of gravy on your suit didn't seat well with me. and they pride themselves with sloppy "debris"-not for me on this day, and the though just consumed time contemplating it. "sorry i'm late, i had to grab lunch with service out the door and was trying to get my suit cleaned simultaneously. doesn't sound too good, eh? fortunately this arby's was the best thing that happened all day, and it didn't cost $250. i would have taken a pic, but was in too much of a hurry. big slices of brisket minus the fat, the roast beef, some layers of other meats covered with melted swiss. shows how a little change can go a long way. now i'm going to the one one veterans to see if they can "keep up" with more than a few in line without getting distracted!!! i imagine mr. besh is making so much money from the food network demonstrating how to peel and cook carrots, his core source of income is in a free fall. when word gets out about $250 bottles of wine paired without a sommelier. his status is going to fall and his base (restaurants) will take a hit.
by the gods this is one of the worst arby's restaurants i have ever been to! seriously to all those tourists who come here from out of town. why would you come all the way from who knows where to an area that is world renown for creole, seafood and soul food just to eat at a garbage fast food restaurant that you can find anywhere else around the world? i totally understand how expensive it is in the french quarter and how someone may want to save some money. if you wanna save some scratch check out popeye's, mcdonald's, subway or all the other fast food restaurants in the area. here are some reasons i hate arby's on canal street! 1.this location is very dirty. they hardly ever mop the floors or clean off a table. 2.they never stock the condiments. every time i needed ketchup horsey sauce they were always out. 3. rude and very surly staff, when the condiments are out and you ask them for ketchup packets. they give you some dirty looks because you made them do some work. it seems to me that everyone gets the tourist treatment here. 4.they always have the second floor area closed off. i guess they do that because the staff is too lazy to clean up the first floor area to begin with. there are tons of reasons that i would use to dis this place but this simple review would not be adequate enough to cover it. i still don't understand why several people on the nola yelp talk threads have an obsession with this place. hmm maybe they did too many drugs when they were younger. in short if you are a tourist check out some of the high rated places on yelp. if you are a cheap skate buy some bread and lunch meat at rouses instead of going here! p.s i think some of the other reviews i read about this place were pretty funny!
i can count how many times i've eaten at an arby's, approximately 11, i've always enjoyed their food, it's a great way to introduce yourself to roast beef, however it is not something i can eat everyday, (i'm trying to stay slender and all, lol no really i am! sooooo while having a tiff with my honey, i'm starving after a 9 hour drive from dallas back home to new orleans, (the drive should never be that long, but there was traffic and all that jazz) any who he's goes into harrahs casino and i'm like screw this, i'm hungry, i need food and fast! i've always noticed the arby's on canal, but was always like meh, it's probably dirty in there, and guess what? it was, oh my there was a roach on the banister as soon as i walked in, i'm sure lots of places i've eaten have roaches (yuck!) but to see one, i was disgusted, i ran out and now i feel very differently about arby's. sad to say because i really wanted it.
this is the premiere arby's location in the entire world. arby's makes a decent roast beef for a disgusting fast food chain. most of the sandwiches and the curly fires are a cut above your typical fast food selection. on the edge of the french quarter, which is home to some of the best gastronomic delights in the world, one would ask "why" people eat such drudge as fast food? well generally i would say they are drunk or otherwise under the influence of some mind altering substance. i believe i should confess i've eaten in this arby's a grand total of one time in my life, back during my college days, when i was in just such a beer induced altered state and i sorely needed some curly fries. in any other context, location or realm i would most likely rate arby's around a 1, 2 or 3 star joint and i'm known as a rather strict yelp reviewer so you might ask yourself, "why 5 stars?" well for one reason and that my friend would be the prime location of the bathrooms in this establishment! during carnival season when the biological urge to release the bladder invariably happens after drinking fermented beverages this arby's has prime real estate on the parade route to assist you from exposing the public to your desperate need to relieve yourself. public release of the bladder in new orleans is one of the most frowned upon offenses by the officers of the new orleans police and they are well known for arresting offenders and then with the sheer volume of offenders jailed during carnival people have been lost for weeks in the place that nobody wishes to experience that shall not be spoken of. so yes my compatriots this arby's can save your reputation, your festivities and your bladder from exploding so blessings be upon this mecca of burt ("where the locals eat ® ©").
was picking up dinner for a friend who was writing in their room when i saw not one roach but many, they were probably drawn by all the rubbish on the floor in the kitchen. considering how empty this place was (there was literally no one in there) you would think the place would be clean. there are many many better dining options within walking distance do not come here. if you're desperate for a cheap meal go round the corner to daisy dukes you'll pay about the same price and the food is so much better.
close this place. poor showing for the arby's chain. nobody runs out of roast beef. most of the employees have attitudes from what i have observed. been here 3 times and nothing changes. save your lease money.
i wouldn't normally review fast food, but as a service to other tourists: this place is terrible. if you think that by going to a national chain restaurant you'll be getting a known, reliable product, you're wrong. the food is technically the same, but the building is filthy. upstairs smells funky, and every surface has a layer of ... something. i felt like i should wash my hands after taking my chair off the table (chairs were on the tables and the ketchup pump empty at noon). when i tried to scoot my table by lifting it from below, my fingers came away with a tacky yellow-orange substance (not one of their sauces). at that point, i did go wash my hands. in the bathroom, the faucet is broken and sprays everywhere, and there are no towels, only a junky heater (which is just as well, i suppose, since touching things in this restaurant wasn't a good idea). i dried my hands on my sleeves, and felt fortunate for it. when i got back to the sheraton across the street, i noticed their restaurant has $10 lunch specials (e.g., remoulade, catfish po boy, etc.), including on the weekends. i had paid $8 for the skin crawling experience at arby's.
there is no equal. in a city of gastronomic wonder and delight, every once in a while you come across a hidden unexpected treasure. this is that place.
a- atrocious r- ratchet b - bizarre y - yikes s - sad, sad, sad... ok, so it is totally our fault for eating at this arbys. but after a long day of eating really good food (see review from commanders palace - and, yes ... commander's palace to arby's is a major fall from grace). we didn't have the energy or stomach capacity to sit through another huge meal that day, but were afraid to head back to the hotel w/o having a little something for dinner. we popped into arby's after bypassing all of the scary looking dives along bourbon street. in the distance we saw arby's which generally represents "safe" fast food. au contraire my n'orleans frere. upon arriving, the manager had to prompt one of his seven workers hanging out behind the counter to actually take our order. after some prodding, i was waited on by a young lady who indicated that she was sluggish, b/c she had to work until 4am - it was only 9pm at that point. ok, fine - i get it! i tried to encourage her and proceeded with my order. all i wanted was a classic blt - which clearly many patrons don't order from this location as the prep cook repeatedly asked the cashier "she ordered a blt?" as if i had ordered caviar and quail eggs. sit back, b/c it gets worse ... we noticed an interesting crock pot / slow cooker on the counter ... interesting b/c the handle on the lid was missing and they had it rigged up with some sort of wire. when we asked what it was used for - they said it was used to keep the au jus sauce warm. surely, this rigged up crock pot cannot be a part of the customized / standardized arby's franchise plan. additionally, we waited nearly 10 minutes, while they fried an order of mozzarella sticks for my friend. i guess it was a slow night for the staff b/c the guy working the deep fryer thought it would be cool to throw the mozz sticks to the prep cook who was waiting to place them in the bag ... of course, the bag slipped from the prep cook's hands and landed on the floor. she then proceeded to ask my friend if she wanted the mozzarella sticks that had fallen on the floor (since, in her words, the actual mozzarella sticks hadn't hit the floor) or if we were willing to wait for them to fry up another batch! yep, you guessed it ... another 10 mins for them to fry another batch! lesson learned.
out of all of the arby's locations i've ever been to, this one is the best. the building that it is in is precious. there is an upper level for more seating. also, the people who were working were beyond nice! they brought our food to us upstairs. as far as food it was the same as always. service however did stand out in a very positive way from what i had originally expected.
let me please tell y'all about our experience at the arby's canal street location. normal experience going in, i then watch someone guarding the stairs, checking paper as to allow them upstairs. after my meal, i ask where the restroom is. upstairs. yep. we have a bona-fide restroom nazi. i show him my receipt. i go upstairs to the very important toilet. one of the three stalls have toilet paper. one. i come downstairs and i tell stairs/toilet nazi that his very coveted restroom has only one roll of paper. one. he then tells me that is not his job. hmmmmmmmmm. wait. anyway, you see where this is going. and both my mom and husband now need to go to the restroom. are they allowed????? nooooooo, because i already used the receipt. what the f'ing fudge????
it's nearly 2:00 am, and you're stumbling back from bourbon street towards your hotel next door to this arby's. but wait! late night munchies! the neon lights beckon..... and so here i am at 2:00 am, eating my $3 roast beef sandwich which took 18 minutes to get because the restaurant staff moved slower than molasses, entertaining myself by counting how many drunk people can find the bathroom upstairs without tripping on their faces. (by the way, out of 10 people, 7 of them tripped on the stairs. wow. that was worth the $3 price of admission.)
service as usual in new orleans is mediocre, unfriendly i can't generalize, but that's how it is in canal and bourbon the french market has nicer people
i really like their brisket sandwich, and like "idiots" we waited because of it. it took them 45 minutes to take our order & serve our food. the place was not extremely busy. there were probably about 15 customers total. i've never seen anything like this before! absolutely "no haste!" this place gives new meaning to the laissez-faire attitude! if this is how the "big easy" does fast food....ain't nobody got time for that! unbelievable!
racism at its best. extremely mean, unprofessional, and less than courteous staff. if you are american and believe in a fruitful american economy, don't support a business that believes in oppression and discrimination. we are all equal
awful. poor service, but what should u expect for late nite service. just grab a slice of pizza or hit up krystal
i didn't know there was a bad arby's in the county but this place proved me wrong. with one person in front of me, i waited nearly 10 minutes for my turn only to be cut off by a rude kid. the cashier took his order in front of mine instead of telling him to get in line. as i'm ordering i find out they are out of roast beef. what? arby's is out of roast beef? close the front doors! how can you be open without roast beef? also learned they were out of milkshakes. employees were talking on their cell phones at the front counter instead of helping guests. horribly managed restaurant.
awful customer service. they treat you like you have done something wrong. the food was cold and bad...even for arbys.
an embarrassment to fast food. plenty of people behind the counter but they didn't give a darn about moving fast and serving the only 5 of us in the store. an embarrassment.
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ˌoʊˈkeɪ hir ɪz ðə ə) aɪ peɪ fər 60 ˈəˌploʊd wɪθ ˌvɛˈraɪzən ənd maɪ ər faɪn. aɪ lɪv ɪn saʊθ ˈflɔrɪdə ənd æm traɪɪŋ tɪ pleɪ ðə geɪm kəmˈpɛtɪtɪvli. 65 ˈdaʊnˌloʊd 59 ˈəˌploʊd ˈævərɪʤ ˈæftər 10 tɛsts ˈɛvəri lig geɪm 5 lig geɪmz təˈdeɪ) bi) wɪn ɪn geɪm, aɪ kəˈnɛkt tɪ tu ˈdɪfərənt ˈsərvərz fər sɪmˈplɪsɪti lɛts kɔl ðɛm ˈsərvər ə ənd ˈsərvər bi. wɪn kəˈnɛktɪŋ tɪ ˈsərvər ə aɪ gɪt əraʊnd ˈleɪtənsi wɪθ 0 læg, wɪn aɪ kəˈnɛkt tɪ ˈsərvər bi, aɪ gɪt 100 ˈleɪtənsi ənd ˈkreɪzi ˈskɪpɪŋ wɪʧ aɪ əˈsum ɪz ˈpækɪt lɔs. maɪ ˈɪntərˌnɛt, wɪn ˈpɪŋɪŋ ˈəðər saɪts, ɪz nɑt ˈɛni ˈpækɪt lɔs, ˈɔlsoʊ wɪn aɪ pɪŋ ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈpækɪt lɔs (ˌhaʊˈɛvər aɪ kən əˈʃʊr ju ðɪs ˈskɪpɪŋ ɪz nɑt ðə rɪˈzəlts əv 100 ˈleɪtənsi). si) aɪ nid tɪ faɪnd səm sɔrt əv ə səˈluʃən, aɪ ˈsɪmpli kænt hoʊp tɪ gɪt ɔn ˈsərvər ə ˈɛvriˌtaɪm aɪ pleɪ, ɪts ə ʧæns ənd təˈdeɪ aɪ gɑt ˈsərvər ə 2 taɪmz ənd ˈsərvər bi 3 taɪmz. aɪ wʊd laɪk səm hɛlp. di) ɔl maɪ frɛndz ɪn ðə ˈɛriə ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ˌvɛˈraɪzən ənd ðeɪ ər ˈlægɪŋ laɪk ˈkreɪzi tu (ðɪs həz bɪn ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ fər 2 wiks). maɪ frɛndz ðət hæv ər nɑt ˈlægɪŋ æt ɔl wɪʧ lidz mi tɪ bɪˈliv ðɪs ɪz ən ˈprɑbləm ðət raɪət ʃʊd ˈkɑnˌtækt ənd əˈtɛmpt tɪ fɪks. i) wɪn kəˈnɛktɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkən nɔrθ ˈsərvər aɪ æm ˈgɪtɪŋ 5 pɪŋ ənd noʊ læg, ðɪs ɪz əˈmeɪzɪŋ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, aɪ kænt spik ˈspænɪʃ ənd ˈɔlsoʊ aɪ kænt pleɪ ɪn ðə ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkən sin kəmˈpɛtɪtɪvli bɪˈkəz əv ðə rulz (kænt bi ə proʊ ɪn ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkə ənˈlɛs ju ər ə ˈrɛzɪdənt əv ðə ˈkəntri) [ˈɛdət 1 aɪ kɔld ənd ðeɪ sɛd ɪt wɑz ən ˈɪʃu wɪθ kəˈnɛktɪŋ tɪ ðə lig ˈsərvərz (noʊ də). ðeɪ sɛd ðeɪ hæv nɑt ʧeɪnʤd ˈɛniˌθɪŋ rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ pɔrts ðət wʊd kɔz ðɪs ˈɪʃu ˈminɪŋ ɪts raɪət ðət ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ [ˈɛdət fər ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, aɪ wɪl tɪ troubleshoot*, aɪ bɪˈliv aɪ hæv faʊnd ə səˈluʃən, ɪt rɪˈgɑrdz pɔrt ˈfɔrwərdɪŋ əv ɔl ðə lig ˈsərvərz, aɪ æm stɪl ˈtɛstɪŋ, soʊ fɑr 0 ˈpækɪt lɔs [ˈɛdət 3 səˈluʃən feɪld, ˈmeɪbi wɪθ ðə əˈtɛnʃən frəm ənd wi kʊd gɪt ə rɛd poʊst ˈsəmˌtaɪm sun kip ˈbəmpɪŋ foʊks. [ˈɛdət θrɛd http://www.reddit.com/r/leagueoflegends/comments/1q7h2u/unplayable_lag_with_verizon_fios_and_riot_is*/ fər ˌvɪzəˈbɪlɪti pliz [ˈɛdət 5 kwoʊt: eliv*: heɪ gaɪz! pliz ʧɛk aʊt ðɪs θrɛd ˈoʊvər hir. wi ər ˈkərəntli ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ! θæŋk ju soʊ məʧ fər rɪˈplaɪɪŋ tɪ maɪ θrɛd aɪ hoʊp ju gaɪz kən riˈzɑlv ðə ˈɪʃu sun! ˈɔlsoʊ aɪ wɔnt tɪ ˈklɛrəˌfaɪ, ɪts nɑt ɪgˈzæktli haɪ pɪŋ, ɪts haɪ ˈpækɪt lɔs, aɪ əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz fər ðə mɪsˈlidɪŋ ˈtaɪtəl
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okay here is the isssue
a) i pay for 60 download/60 upload with verizon fios and my speedtests are fine. i live in south florida and am trying to play the game competitively.
5ms
65 download
59 upload
average after 10 tests before/after every league game (5 league games today)
b) when in game, i connect to two different servers for simplicity , lets call them server a and server b. when connecting to server a , i get around 70-80 latency with 0 lag, when i connect to server b, i get 100 latency and crazy skipping which i assume is packet loss. my internet, when pinging other sites, is not incuring any packet loss, also when i ping http://www.leagueoflegends.com there is no packet loss (however i can assure you this skipping is not the results of 100 latency).
c) i need to find some sort of a solution, i simply can't hope to get on server a everytime i play, its a 50/50 chance and today i got server a 2 times and server b 3 times. i would like some help.
d) all my friends in the area also have verizon fios and they are lagging like crazy too (this has been ongoing for 2 weeks). my friends that have brightouse are not lagging at all which leads me to believe this is an isp problem that riot should contact fios and attempt to fix.
e) when connecting to the latin american north server i am getting 5 ping and no lag, this is amazing, however, i cant speak spanish and also i cant play in the latin american scene competitively because of the rules (cant be a pro in latin america unless you are a resident of the country)
[edit 1] i called fios and they said it was an issue with connecting to the league servers (no duh). they said they have not changed anything regarding ports that would cause this issue meaning its riot that changes something
[edit 2]thanks for the information, i will continute to troubleshoot, i believe i have found a solution, it regards port forwarding of all the league servers, i am still testing, so far 0% packet loss
[edit 3] solution failed, maybe with the attention from hsgg and scara we could get a red post sometime soon ^.^ keep bumping folks.
[edit 4]reddit thread - http://www.reddit.com/r/leagueoflegends/comments/1q7h2u/unplayable_lag_with_verizon_fios_and_riot_is/ upvote for visibility please !
[edit 5] quote: eliv: hey guys! please check out this thread over here. we are currently investigating!
http://forums.na.leagueoflegends.com/board/showthread.php?p=42862084#post42862084
thank you so much for replying to my thread i hope you guys can resolve the issue soon! also i want to clarify, its not exactly high ping, its high packet loss, i apologize for the misleading title
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rɪˈpɔrts əv ə mæn ˈkɛriɪŋ ə gən nɪr ist ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə ˌjunəˈvərsətiz ˈkæmpəs kɔzd ən ˈəˌprɔr ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti wɑz pleɪst ɔn ˈlɑkˌdaʊn fər ˈsɛvərəl aʊərz, ɛz pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz wɪθ ˈwɛpənz drɔn ˈkænvəst ðə ˈkæmpəs. əˈfɪʃəlz sɛnt aʊt əˈlərts tɪ ˈfækəlti, stæf ənd ˈstudənts əraʊnd 10 a.m*. ˈæftər ˈgɪtɪŋ tu 911 kɔlz rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ðə səˈspɪʃəs mæn. ðeɪ lʊkt æt sərˈveɪləns ˈvɪdioʊ ɔn ə ˈbɪzi ˈθəroʊˌfɛr θru ðə hɑrt əv ˈkæmpəs, ənd ˈspɑtɪd ə mæn wɪθ wət əˈpɪrd tɪ bi ə gən ˈstɪkɪŋ aʊt əv ə ˈbækˌpæk. ˈæftər ən ˌɪnˈtɛns sərʧ, ðə ˈgrinvɪl pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt kɔt əp wɪθ ðə mæn ənd ˈlərnɪd hi ˈdɪdənt hæv ə ˈwɛpən ɪt wɑz ən ˈəmˌbrɛlə. klɪk hir tɪ wɔʧ ðə sərˈveɪləns ˈvɪdioʊ əv ðə mæn ðət ˈtrɪgərd ðə əˈlərt əˈθɔrətiz sɛd ˈrumərz ˈsprɛdɪŋ ɔn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə saɪts kriˈeɪtɪd greɪt ˈɑbstəkəlz fər pəˈlis, ˈkɔzɪŋ ðɛm tɪ "ʧeɪs goʊsts." "θru ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd tˈwɪtər, θɪŋz ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ dɪˈvɛləp. ˈɑbviəsli, ə bənʧ əv ˈrumərz wər goʊɪŋ əraʊnd. soʊ ˈɑnəstli, aɪ θɪŋk ˈpipəl ɔn ˈkæmpəs ˈdɪdənt noʊ wət tɪ bɪˈliv," sɛd ˈstudənt mæt ˈɛdwərd. "wɪn ju du θɪŋz ðət kɔz fɪkˈtɪʃəs ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ goʊ aʊt, ɪt ˈhɪndərz ðə ˈækʧəwəl ˈɛfərts əv pəˈlis ˈeɪʤənsi. ɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli dɪˈleɪz ˈjuˈɛs, ənd ðæts ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðə ˈpərsən wɪr ˈlʊkɪŋ fər," sɛd ˈsɑrʤənt. ˈkɑrltən ˈwɪljəmz wɪθ ðə ˈgrinvɪl pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt. ˈʧænsələr stiv ˈbælərd sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ðət ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti wɑz "rɪˈlivd ðət ðə rɪˈpɔrts əv ðɪs ˈɪnsədənt tərnd aʊt tɪ bi ənˈfaʊndɪd." "ist ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə ˌjunəˈvərsəti wɪl ˈɔlˌweɪz ɛr ɔn ðə saɪd əv ˈkæmpəs ˈseɪfti wɪn ðiz ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz əraɪz," ˈbælərd wɛnt ɔn tɪ seɪ ɪn ðə ˈsteɪtmənt. "ɑr rɪˈspɑns baɪ ˈfækəlti, stæf, ənd ˈstudənts wɑz ˈtaɪmli ənd prəˈfɛʃənəl. wi əˈpriʃiˌeɪt ðə kənˈsərn əv ðə ˈpɛrənts əv ɑr ˈstudənts, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə koʊˈɑpərˌeɪtɪv ˈɛfərts əv ðə ˈgrinvɪl pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt ənd ðə pɪt ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs ɛz ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ðɪs ˈɪnsədənt." ˈgrinvɪl ɪz əˈbaʊt 85 maɪəlz ist əv ˈrɔli. rɪˈpɔrt ə ˈtaɪpoʊ sɛnd tɪp gɪt əˈlərts si klɪk fɪks ˈfɑloʊ ɔn tˈwɪtər bɪˈkəm ə fæn ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk
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reports of a man carrying a gun near east carolina university's campus caused an uproar wednesday.
the university was placed on lockdown for several hours, as police officers with weapons drawn canvassed the campus.
ecu officials sent out alerts to faculty, staff and students around 10 a.m. after getting two 911 calls reporting the suspicious man.
they looked at surveillance video on a busy thoroughfare through the heart of campus, and spotted a man with what appeared to be a gun sticking out of a backpack.
after an intense search, the greenville police department caught up with the man and learned he didn't have a weapon - it was an umbrella.
click here to watch the surveillance video of the man that triggered the alert
authorities said rumors spreading on social media sites created great obstacles for police, causing them to "chase ghosts."
"through facebook and twitter, things started to develop. obviously, a bunch of rumors were going around. so honestly, i think people on campus didn't know what to believe," said student matt edward.
"when you do things that cause fictitious information to go out, it hinders the actual efforts of police agency. it actually delays us, and that's finding the person we're looking for," said sgt. carlton williams with the greenville police department.
ecu chancellor steve ballard said in a statement wednesday that the university was "relieved that the reports of this incident turned out to be unfounded."
"east carolina university will always err on the side of campus safety when these situations arise," ballard went on to say in the statement. "our response by faculty, staff, and students was timely and professional. we appreciate the concern of the parents of our students, as well as the cooperative efforts of the greenville police department and the pitt county sherriff's office as the university responded to this incident."
greenville is about 85 miles east of raleigh.
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əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˌənkənˈfərmd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ərˈɪʤəˌneɪtɪŋ frəm ˈeɪʒə, ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ ɪz eɪmd tɪ dɪˈrɛkli ˈraɪvəl wɪθ ðə ˈsæmˌsəŋ ˈgæləksi noʊt 4 tɪ du ðət, ɪz sɛd tɪ ɪkˈwɪp ðə wɪθ ə ˈstaɪləs. mɔr spəˈsɪfɪkli, ðə ɪz sɛd tɪ spɔrt ə dɪˈspleɪ wɪθ ə ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ənd ˈvɛri ˈnɛroʊ bezels*, ˈeɪkɪn tɪ ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəli, ðə ɪz bɪˈlivd tɪ kəm aʊt wɪθ ə sˈnæpˌdrægən 810 chipset*, əv ræm ənd ˈstɔrɪʤ ˌvɛriˈeɪʃənz. faɪld fər ə ˈtreɪdˌmɑrk əv ðə ʤi pɛn" ˈmɑnɪkər ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ. wɪr ˈlaɪkli tɪ si ðə ˈkəmpəˌni traɪ tɪ ˈɛmjəˌleɪt ðə səkˈsɛs əv ðə ˈsæmˌsəŋ ɛs pɛn ənd wərk ɔn ə ˈməltəˌtud əv ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈfiʧərz ðət ɪˈneɪbəl suˈpɪriər ˈməltiˌtæskɪŋ ðən ɪts kəmˈpɛtɪtərz ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ ʤi pɛn. waɪl ðə ˈrumər ˈɪzənt bækt əp baɪ ˈsɑləd ˈɛvədəns, ɪt dɪz sim ˈplɔzəbəl fər tɪ traɪ ənd teɪk ɔn ðə ˈgæləksi noʊt 4 ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ əˈlaɪnz wɪθ ˈpriviəs rɪˈpɔrts ðət wɪl bi ɪts proʊ ˈlaɪˌnəp. wɪθ 2015 fæst əˈproʊʧɪŋ, ɪts ə ˈmætər əv taɪm fər mɔr ˈɛvədəns ənd ˈrumərz əv ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ tɪ pɑp əp. sɔrs ˈviə
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according to unconfirmed information originating from asia, the upcoming lg g4 is aimed to directly rival with the samsung galaxy note 4. to do that, lg is said to equip the g4 with a stylus.
more specifically, the lg g4 is said to sport a 5.3" display with a qhd resolution and very narrow bezels, akin to the g3. internally, the g4 is believed to come out with a snapdragon 810 chipset, 4gb of ram and 32gb/64gb storage variations.
lg filed for a trademark of the "lg g pen" moniker earlier this month. we're likely to see the company try to emulate the success of the samsung s pen and work on a multitude of software features that enable superior multitasking than its competitors using the upcoming g pen.
while the rumor isn't backed up by solid evidence, it does seem plausible for lg to try and take on the galaxy note 4. it also aligns with previous reports that lg will be axing its pro lineup.
with mwc 2015 fast approaching, it's a matter of time for more evidence and rumors of the upcoming lg g4 to pop up.
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ˈɛdɪtɪd baɪ ʤɑn ˈhɛndrɪks bi. bi. ˈwɔrfild wəns dɪˈklɛrd ðət ðɛr ər "ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli ˈoʊnli tu ˈdɑktrənz əv sælˈveɪʃən: ðət sælˈveɪʃən ɪz frəm gɑd, ənd ðət sælˈveɪʃən ɪz frəm ɑrˈsɛlvz. ðə ˈfɔrmər ɪz ðə ˈdɔktərɪn əv ˈkɑmən ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti; ðə ˈlætər ɪz ðə ˈdɔktərɪn əv ˌjunəˈvərsəl heathenism*." ðɪs ˈsteɪtmənt freɪmz ðə ˌnɛvərˈɛndɪŋ ˈbætəl bɪtˈwin ˌɑgəˈstɪniənz ənd pɪˈleɪʤiənz θru ʧərʧ ˈhɪstəri ˈoʊvər ðə ɪkˈstɛnt ðət ðə greɪs əv kraɪst seɪvz ˈjuˈɛs. ˈɔgəˌstin tɔt ðət bɪˈkəz ˈjumən biɪŋz ər bɔrn ɪn ərˈɪʤənəl sɪn ənd ər ˈətərli ˈɪmpətənt tɪ rɪˈdim ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðət sælˈveɪʃən məst, nɑt ɪn pɑrt, bət ˈhoʊli bi frəm gɑd. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, sɪns mænz wɪl ɪz ɪn ˈbɑndɪʤ tɪ sɪn, ˈoʊnli gɑdz greɪs ɪn kraɪst, wɪʧ hi moʊst ˈfrili bɪˈstoʊz ɔn hum hi wɪl, minz ðət gɑd əˈloʊn dɪˈzərvz ðə ˈglɔri fər sælˈveɪʃən., ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, rɪˈʤɛktɪd ərˈɪʤənəl sɪn baɪ əˈsərtɪŋ ðət ˈædəm wɑz ˈmɪrli ə bæd ɪgˈzæmpəl ənd wi kʊd hɛlp ɑrˈsɛlvz θru ə ˈmɔrəl ˌɪmˈpruvmənt skim. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ sælˈveɪʃən kəmz əˈbaʊt θru ˈfɑloʊɪŋ kraɪsts ˈmɔrəl ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈrəðər ðən ˈædəmz'. ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ˈɔgəˌstin tɔt ðə ˈbɪblɪkəl ˈdɔktərɪn ðət sælˈveɪʃən ɪz ə fri gɪft əv ˈmərsi tɪ ðoʊz hum gɑd ʤɔɪnz tɪ kraɪst, ˈkloʊðɪŋ ðɛm ɪn hɪz ˈraɪʧəsnəs ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɛm əˈlaɪv baɪ hɪz greɪs. əˈgɛn, bi. bi. ˈwɔrfild sɛd, "ˈɔgəˌstin [wɑz wən əv ðə ˈərli ˈfaʊndərz] əv ˈroʊmən kəˈθɔləˌsɪzəm ənd ðə ˈɔθər əv ðət ˈdɔktərɪn əv greɪs wɪʧ ɪt həz bɪn ðə ˈkɑnstəntli pərˈsud ˈɛfərt əv ˈroʊmən kəˈθɔləˌsɪzəm tɪ ˈnutrəˌlaɪz, ənd wɪʧ ɪn ˈvɛri fækt ˈiðər məst bi ˈnutrəˌlaɪzd baɪ, ər wɪl ˈnutrəˌlaɪz, ˈroʊmən kəˈθɔləˌsɪzəm. tu ˈʧɪldrən wər ˈstrəgəlɪŋ ɪn ðə wum əv hɪz maɪnd. ðɛr kən bi noʊ daʊt wɪʧ wɑz ðə ʧaɪld əv hɪz hɑrt. hɪz ˈdɔktərɪn əv ðə ʧərʧ hi hæd rɪˈsivd hoʊl frəm hɪz ˈprɛdəˌsɛsərz, ənd hi geɪv ɪt ˈmɪrli ðə priˈsɪʒən ənd vaɪˈtæləti wɪʧ ˌɪnˈʃʊrd ɪts pərˈsɪstəns. hɪz ˈdɔktərɪn əv greɪs wɑz ɔl hɪz oʊn: ɪt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ðə ˈvɛri kɔr əv hɪz biɪŋ ɪt wɑz ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl, hæd taɪm bɪn əˈlaʊd, ðət hɪz ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd ˈdɔktərɪn əv ðə ʧərʧ, tu, wɪθ ɔl ɪts ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz, wʊd hæv gɔn daʊn ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt, ənd ˈɔgəˌstin wʊd hæv bəkˈwiθt tɪ ðə ʧərʧ, nɑt "ˈprɑbləmz," bət ə ˈθəroʊli wərkt aʊt ˈsɪstəm əv ˌivænˈʤɛlɪkəl rɪˈlɪʤən. ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪʧ ˈɔgəˌstin bəkˈwiθt tɪ ðə ʧərʧ fər səˈluʃən, ðə ʧərʧ rikˈwaɪərd ə ˈθaʊzənd jɪrz tɪ sɑlv. bət ˈivɪn soʊ, ɪt ɪz ˈɔgəˌstin hu geɪv ˈjuˈɛs ðə ˌrɛfərˈmeɪʃən. fər ðə ˌrɛfərˈmeɪʃən, ˈɪnwərdli kənˈsɪdərd, wɑz ʤɪst ðə ˈəltəmət traɪəmf əv ˈdɔktərɪn əv greɪs ˈoʊvər ˈdɔktərɪn əv ðə ʧərʧ. (ˈwɔrfild, ˈkælvɪn ənd ˈɔgəˌstin, ðə ˈbaɪbəl ɪz ɑr əˈθɔrəti ɪn ɔl ˈmætərz əv ɑr feɪθ. bət ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ haʊ ðə ʧərʧ ˌɪnˈtərprətəd ðə ˈbaɪbəl θru ɪts ˈhɪstəri gɪvz ˈjuˈɛs ə greɪt dil əv ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv hu wi ər naʊ. ˈpɔɪntɪŋ aʊt ðə ˈvɛriəs streɪnz əv ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti, ðət ɪz, wɪʧ wənz hæv rɪˈmeɪnz ˈfeɪθfəl tɪ ˈskrɪpʧər ənd wɪʧ hæv ˈdiviˌeɪtɪd, meɪ hɛlp ˈjuˈɛs tɪ si mɔr ˈklɪrli wɛr wi meɪ hæv gɔn əˈstreɪ. "fər baɪ greɪs ju hæv bɪn seɪvd θru feɪθ, wɪʧ ɪz ə gɪft frəm gɑd, soʊ ðət noʊ mæn kən boʊst." "...noʊ wən kən kəm tɪ mi ənˈlɛs ɪt ɪz ˈgrænɪd ɪm baɪ ðə ˈfɑðər." ʤɑn "greɪs dɪz nɑt dɪˈstrɔɪ ðə wɪl bət ˈrəðər rɪˈstɔrz ɪt." ˈɔgəˌstin "lɛt gɑd gɪv wət hi kəˈmændz, ənd kəˈmænd wət hi wɪl." ˈɔgəˌstin ˈteɪbəl əv ˈkɑntɛnts ˈprɛfəs ˈdɔktərɪn əv ðə ˈbɑndɪʤ əv ðə wɪl kənˈtræstɪŋ ˈɔgəˌstin ənd ðə ˈkaʊnsəl əv ˈɔrɪnʤ 529 æd) wɪθ ðə ˈkaʊnsəl əv trɛnt 1563 a.a*. hɑʤ pelagianism*, bi. bi. ˈwɔrfild ˈɔgəˌstin ðə pɪˈleɪʤiən ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi ˈɑrθər si. ðə ˈlivən əv ˈsɪnərˌʤɪzəm ðə ərˈɪʤənəl dəˈbeɪt: hɪˈstɔrɪk ˈdɑkjəmənts ɔn greɪs əˈloʊn ˈɔgəˌstin ə ˈtritəs ɔn greɪs ənd fri wɪl ˈɔgəˌstin ə ˈtritəs ɔn ˈneɪʧər ənd greɪs, əˈgɛnst ˈɔgəˌstin ə ɔn rɪˈbjuk ənd greɪs ˈɔgəˌstin ə ˈtritəs ɔn ðə greɪs əv kraɪst ənd ərˈɪʤənəl sɪn ˈɔgəˌstin ə ˈtritəs ɔn ðə ˌpriˌdɛstəˈneɪʃən əv ðə seɪnts ˈɔgəˌstin ə ˈtritəs ɔn ðə gɪft əv ˌpərsəˈvɪrəns ˈɔgəˌstin ə wərk ɔn ðə prəˈsidɪŋz əv ʤəroʊm əˈgɛnst ðə pɪˈleɪʤiənz (bʊk 1 ʤəroʊm əˈgɛnst ðə pɪˈleɪʤiənz (bʊk 2 ʤəroʊm əˈgɛnst ðə pɪˈleɪʤiənz (bʊk 3 ˈkænənz əv ðə ˈkaʊnsəl əv ˈɔrɪnʤ 529 rɪˈfɔrmɪŋ ðə ʧərʧ ˈluθər -ki kwoʊts frəm ɔn ðə ˈbɑndɪʤ əv ðə wɪl 1525 ˈkælvɪn ðə nəˈsɛsɪti əv rɪˈfɔrmɪŋ ðə ʧərʧ 1543 ˈkælvɪn ə ˈtritəs əv ðə ɪˈtərnəl ˌpriˌdɛstəˈneɪʃən əv gɑd 1552 ˈkælvɪn ðə fɔl ənd rɪˈvoʊlt əv ˈædəm ˈkælvɪn 1559 ˈkælvɪn mæn həz naʊ bɪn dɪˈpraɪvd əv ˈfridəm əv ʧɔɪs 1559 ˈkælvɪn ˈoʊnli θɪŋz kəm fɔrθ frəm mæn 1559 ˈkælvɪn haʊ gɑd wərks ɪn mɛnz hɑrts 1559 ˈkælvɪn ˌrɛfjuˈteɪʃən əv ðə əˈbʤɛkʃənz ɪn dɪˈfɛns əv fri wɪl 1559 ˈkælvɪn ˈfɑlən mæn ɔt tɪ sik rɪˈdɛmʃən ɪn kraɪst 1559 kənˈfɛʃənz ənd kridz ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt əv ðə ˌrɛfərˈmeɪʃən ðə kənˈfɛʃən əv feɪθ 1561 ðə ˈhaɪdəlbərg ˈkætəˌkɪzəm 1563 ðə ˈɑrtɪkəlz əv rɪˈlɪʤən ðə kənˈfɛʃən əv feɪθ 1647 ˈkælvɪnɪst ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi faɪv ˈɑrtɪkəlz əv 1610 ˈkænənz əv dɔrt 1618 ˌjunəˈvərsəl əˈtoʊnmənt baɪ ʤɑn ɛl. ˈθɪri əv rɪˈdɛmʃən baɪ r.l*. ˈdæbni əv fri wɪl ɪn ðə ˈfɑlən steɪt baɪ ˈkrɪstəfər nɛs ðə ˈaɪdəl əv fri wɪl baɪ ʤɑn oʊən kwoʊts ɔn greɪs baɪ st*. ˈɔgəˌstin ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi bɪtˈwin ˈwaɪtˌfild ənd ˈwɛsli 1740 fri greɪs: ə ˈsərmən baɪ ʤɑn ˈwɛsli (ˈklæsɪk) ˈɔgəˌstin baɪ ˈɑrθər si., frəm ˈɔgəˌstin tɪ ðə ˌrɛfərˈmeɪʃən baɪ ˈɑrθər si.,
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edited by john hendryx
b. b. warfield once declared that there are "fundamentally only two doctrines of salvation: that salvation is from god, and that salvation is from ourselves. the former is the doctrine of common christianity; the latter is the doctrine of universal heathenism." this statement frames the never-ending battle between augustinians and pelagians through church history over the extent that the grace of christ saves us. augustine taught that because human beings are born in original sin and are utterly impotent to redeem themselves, that salvation must, not in part, but wholly be from god. in other words, since man's will is in bondage to sin, only god's grace in christ, which he most freely bestows on whom he will, means that god alone deserves the glory for salvation. pelagius, on the other hand, rejected original sin by asserting that adam was merely a bad example and we could help ourselves through a moral improvement scheme. according to pelagius salvation comes about through following christ's moral example, rather than adams'. on the other hand, augustine taught the biblical doctrine that salvation is a free gift of mercy to those whom god joins to christ, clothing them in his righteousness and making them alive by his grace.
again, b. b. warfield said, "augustine [was one of the early founders] of roman catholicism and the author of that doctrine of grace which it has been the constantly pursued effort of roman catholicism to neutralize, and which in very fact either must be neutralized by, or will neutralize, roman catholicism. two children were struggling in the womb of his mind. there can be no doubt which was the child of his heart. his doctrine of the church he had received whole from his predecessors, and he gave it merely the precision and vitality which insured its persistence. his doctrine of grace was all his own: it represented the very core of his being . . . it was inevitable, had time been allowed, that his inherited doctrine of the church, too, with all its implications, would have gone down before it, and augustine would have bequeathed to the church, not "problems," but a thoroughly worked out system of evangelical religion. . . . the problem which augustine bequeathed to the church for solution, the church required a thousand years to solve. but even so, it is augustine who gave us the reformation. for the reformation, inwardly considered, was just the ultimate triumph of augustine's doctrine of grace over augustine's doctrine of the church. (warfield, calvin and augustine, 321-22)
the bible is our authority in all matters of our faith. but investigating how the church interpreted the bible through its history gives us a great deal of understanding of who we are now. pointing out the various strains of christianity, that is, which ones have remains faithful to scripture and which have deviated, may help us to see more clearly where we may have gone astray.
"for by grace you have been saved through faith, which is a gift from god, so that no man can boast." - eph 2:8-9
"...no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the father." - john 6:65
"grace does not destroy the will but rather restores it." - augustine
"let god give what he commands, and command what he will." - augustine
table of contents
preface
augustine's doctrine of the bondage of the will
contrasting augustine and the council of orange (529 ad) with the council of trent (1563)
a.a. hodge - pelagianism, semi-pelagianism & augustinianism
b. b. warfield - augustine & the pelagian controversy
arthur c. custance - the leven of synergism
the original debate: historic documents on grace alone
augustine - a treatise on grace and free will
augustine - a treatise on nature and grace, against pelagius
augustine - a treatiuse on rebuke and grace
augustine - a treatise on the grace of christ and original sin
augustine - a treatise on the predestination of the saints
augustine - a treatise on the gift of perseverance
augustine - a work on the proceedings of pelagius
jerome - against the pelagians (book 1)
jerome - against the pelagians (book 2)
jerome - against the pelagians (book 3)
canons of the council of orange - 529
reforming the church
luther -key quotes from on the bondage of the will - 1525
calvin - the necessity of reforming the church - 1543
calvin - a treatise of the eternal predestination of god - 1552
calvin - the fall and revolt of adam - calvin - inst 2.1 - 1559
calvin - man has now been deprived of freedom of choice -inst 2.2 - 1559
calvin - only damnable things come forth from man - inst 2.3 - 1559
calvin - how god works in men's hearts - inst 2.4 - 1559
calvin - refutation of the objections in defense of free will - inst 2.5 - 1559
calvin - fallen man ought to seek redemption in christ - inst 2.6 - 1559
confessions and creeds coming out of the reformation
the belgic confession of faith - 1561
the heidelberg catechism - 1563
the thirty-nine articles of religion
the wesminster confession of faith - 1647
calvinist / arminianism controversy
five arminians articles of remonstrance - arminain 1610
canons of dort - 1618
universal atonement by john l. girardeau
arminian theory of redemption by r.l. dabney
of free will in the fallen state by christopher ness
the arminian idol of free will by john owen
appendices
quotes on effectual grace by st. augustine
controversy between whitefield and wesley - 1740
free grace: a sermon by john wesley (classic arminian)
augustine by arthur c. custance, ph.d
from augustine to the reformation by arthur c. custance, ph.d
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ɛz ˈpriviəsli ˌriˈpɔrtəd, ˈkæstroʊ ˈmeɪnˌsteɪ zɑˈpɑtə ˈmɛksəkən grɪl 4150 st*.) həz bɪn ˈrənɪŋ ɔn ˌʃɔrtˈtərm lis ɪkˈstɛnʃənz frəm ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈoʊnər lɛs nɑˈtɑli fər ðə læst ˈsɛvərəl jɪrz. ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ, ðə ˈoʊnər, ˈhɔrheɪ ˈpɛrɛz, toʊld ˈjuˈɛs ɪt wɪl əˈfɪʃəli kloʊz əp ʃɑp nɛkst mənθ. traɪd əˈgɛn ðɪs jɪr tɪ wərk aʊt ə ˈlɔŋˈtərm lis wɪθ ɑr landlord,”*,” roʊt ˈpɛrɛz ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ. fɑr, [nɑˈtɑli] ɪz stɪl nɑt ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ ɑr ˈtɛnənsi fər mɔr ðən ə fju ˈɛkstrə mənθs ɛz ə smɔl ˈbɪznɪs, wi ˈkænɑt kənˈtɪnju tɪ ˈɔpərˌeɪt ɔn lis extensions.”*.” nɑˈtɑli oʊnz ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈveɪkənt ˈbɪldɪŋz ɪn ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, ənd ɛz wi ˌriˈpɔrtəd læst wik, hi ɪz əˈlɛʤədli ə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər ənd ʃɛf əˈweɪ frəm ˈoʊpənɪŋ ə loʊˈkeɪʃən əv ˈhæmbərgər ɪn ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈpætiˌoʊ speɪs ɔn ˈkæstroʊ strit, wɪʧ həz bɪn ˈveɪkənt sɪns 1999 nɑˈtɑli həz rɪˈsivd ˈneɪbərˌhʊd ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈveɪkənt ˈpætiˌoʊ speɪs. ˈpɛrɛz toʊld ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ ðət hi wɑz ˈoʊpən tɪ ˈsaɪnɪŋ ə nu ˈlɔŋˈtərm lis wɪθ nɑˈtɑli, ənd ðət hi wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə ˈmɪnəməm θˈriˌjɪr lis tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə ˈrɛˌstrɑnt tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛst ɪn ɪkˈwɪpmənt ənd ˈkɪʧən ˌɪmˈpruvmənts, ənd tɪ prəˈvaɪd mɔr stəˈbɪlɪti fər ɪts 14 ˈfʊlˌtaɪm ɪmˈplɔɪiz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈprɑpərti ˈoʊnər wɑz nɑt ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd. nɑˈtɑli toʊld ˈjuˈɛs ðət zɑˈpɑtə wɑz ˌɪnˈfɔrmd θri jɪrz əˈgoʊ ðət hi hæd fˈjuʧər plænz fər ɪts ˈbɪldɪŋ. ˈpərpəs əv ðə ɪkˈstɛnʃənz wɑz tɪ gɪv zɑˈpɑtə taɪm tɪ faɪnd ə nu location,”*,” hi sɛd. ““however*, əˈpɛrəntli zɑˈpɑtə həz nɑt faʊnd ə nu location.”*.” əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ nɑˈtɑli, ˈpɛrɛz rɪˈʤɛktɪd əˈnəðər ˌʃɔrtˈtərm lis ɪkˈstɛnʃən ˈɔfər ðət wʊd hæv kɛpt zɑˈpɑtə ɪn ˈbɪznɪs ənˈtɪl ˈeɪprəl 30th*, 2017 ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt, lis wɪl ɪkˈspaɪr ɔn ɑkˈtoʊbər 31st*; ɪts ˈfaɪnəl deɪ ɪn ˈbɪznɪs wɪl ɑkˈtoʊbər 14th*. ðə həz bɪn ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ ɔn ənd ˈkɑlɪŋˌwʊd fər ˈnɪrli 23 jɪrz. ˈpɛrɛz θæŋkt ˈkəstəmərz səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs θru ɑr faɪt tɪ steɪ ɪn ðə ˈkæstroʊ ənd fər ʃoʊɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs ju ˈwɔntɪd ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ðə neighborhood.”*.” ɪts ənˈklɪr ˈwɛðər zɑˈpɑtə wɪl ˈoʊpən ə nu loʊˈkeɪʃən, bət ˈpɛrɛz sɛd ðət hi həz ə əv gʊd leads.”*.” ˈpɛrɛz ˈɔlsoʊ θæŋkt ˈkæstroʊ merchants’*’ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdænjəl fər ɑr ˈlænˌdlɔrd ˈmɪstər. nɑˈtɑli tɪ ˈlɪsən tɪ ənd rɪˈspɛkt ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd ɛz pɑrt əv hɪz dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ process.”*.” toʊld ˈjuˈɛs ðət ɪf nɑˈtɑli plænz tɪ ɪkˈspænd toʊd hɔl ər liv speɪs ˈɛmti, hi wɪl feɪs strɔŋ ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən æt ˈsɪti hɔl ənd ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm ɪn ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd." ɪz ˈrɪli ə shame,”*,” sɛd, hu sɛd ðət ðə jʊˈrikə ˈvæli ˈmərʧənts' əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən ənd ðə ˈkæstroʊ ˈɔlsoʊ ərʤd nɑˈtɑli tɪ wərk wɪθ ˈpɛrɛz. heɪt tɪ si əˈnəðər ˈɛmti ˈstɔrˌfrɑnt, əˈspɛʃəli wɪn ðɛr sim tɪ bi ə gʊd ˈrizən fər ɪt. aɪ hoʊp ðə speɪs ˈɪzənt ˈɛmti ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ðə ˈpætiˌoʊ həz ril blaɪt ɔn ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd." ˈfɑloʊ ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ fər fˈjuʧər ˈəpˌdeɪts ənd əˈʤəstmənts tɪ ɪts aʊərz əv ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən.
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as we’ve previously reported, two-decade-old castro mainstay zapata mexican grill (4150 18th st.) has been running on short-term lease extensions from building owner les natali for the last several years. yesterday, the taqueria's owner, jorge perez, told us it will officially close up shop next month.
“we tried again this year to work out a long-term lease with our landlord,” wrote perez on zapata’s facebook page. “so far, [natali] is still not interested in continuing our tenancy for more than a few extra months ... as a small business, we cannot continue to operate on single-year lease extensions.”
natali owns a number of vacant buildings in the neighborhood, and as we reported last week, he is allegedly a general manager and chef away from opening a location of hamburger mary’s in the former patio space on castro street, which has been vacant since 1999.
natali has received neighborhood criticism over his vacant patio space.
perez told us in july that he was open to signing a new long-term lease with natali, and that he was looking for a minimum three-year lease to allow the restaurant to invest in equipment and kitchen improvements, and to provide more stability for its 14 full-time employees. however, the property owner was not interested.
natali told us that zapata was informed three years ago that he had future plans for its building. “the purpose of the extensions was to give zapata time to find a new location,” he said. “however, apparently zapata has not found a new location.” according to natali, perez rejected another short-term lease extension offer that would have kept zapata in business until april 30th, 2017.
as a result, zapata’s lease will expire on october 31st; its final day in business will october 14th. the taqueria has been located in the building on 18th and collingwood for nearly 23 years.
perez thanked zapata’s customers “for supporting us through our fight to stay in the castro ... and for showing us you wanted us in the neighborhood.” it's unclear whether zapata will open a new location, but perez said that he has a “couple of good leads.”
perez also thanked castro merchants’ president daniel bergerac for “encouraging our landlord mr. natali to listen to and respect the neighborhood as part of his decision-making process.” bergerac told us that if natali plans to expand toad hall or leave zapata's space empty, he will face “very strong opposition at city hall ... and criticism in the neighborhood."
“this is really a shame,” said bergerac, who said that the eureka valley merchants' association and the castro cbd also urged natali to work with perez. “i hate to see another empty storefront, especially when there doesn’t seem to be a good reason for it. i hope the space isn't empty as long as the patio has been—a real blight on the neighborhood."
follow zapata’s facebook page for future updates and adjustments to its hours of operation.
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there’s* stɪl ə greɪt dil ðət wi noʊ əˈbaʊt ˈdaɪnəˌsɔrz, bət ˈrisərʧərz hæv ʤɪst meɪd ən ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ðət gɪvz ˈjuˈɛs ə ˈklɪrər ˈpɪkʧər əv wət ðiz ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri bists wər laɪk wɪn ðeɪ roʊmd ðə ərθ ˈmɪljənz əv jɪrz əˈgoʊ: ˈprɑmənənt ˌpeɪliənˈtɑləʤɪsts frəm əraʊnd ðə wərld hæv kəˈlɛktɪvli əˈgrid tɪ stɑrt seɪɪŋ ðət hæd ˈbjutəfəl ˈsɪŋɪŋ ˈvɔɪsɪz, bɪˈkəz ə nis θɔt ənd nɑt laɪk ˈhərtɪŋ ˈɛniˌwən. waʊ. ðɪs ɪz ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˌdɪˈskəvri ðət, waɪl nɑt ˈtɛknɪkəli tru, ɪz ˌɪˈnɑkjuəs ɪˈnəf ðət wi kən ˈprɑbəˌbli ɔl ʤɪst roʊl wɪθ ɪt. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ˌpeɪliənˈtɑləʤɪsts əraɪvd æt ðə ˌmɑnjəˈmɛnəl əˈgrimənt ˈərliər ðɪs wik æt ðə 2017 nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkɑnfərəns ɪn æn ˈɑrbər, mi wɛr ðeɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət ðeɪ θɪŋk əv ˈɛni ril ˈnɛgətɪv ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz tɪ ˈtɛlɪŋ ˈɛvriˌwən ðət laɪkt tɪ sɪŋ ˈhæpi sɔŋz wɪn ðeɪ wər əraʊnd ˈəðər ˈfrɛndli ˈdaɪnəˌsɔrz ənd ˈskɛri sɔŋz wɪn ðeɪ ræn ˈɪntu ti. rexes*. ðeɪ ˈfərðər əˈgrid ðət ɪt wʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli pʊt ə smaɪl ɔn ˈprɪti məʧ feɪs tɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ə hərd əv ðə ˈspaɪki ʤʊˈræsɪk ˈkriʧərz ˈmɛrəli ˈʃəˈfʊlɪŋ ɪn pleɪs waɪl ˈbɛltɪŋ aʊt ə nis ˈbərθˌdeɪ sɔŋ fər ə pterodactyl*, ənd ðeɪ ˈfɪgjərd ðeɪ kʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈpəblɪʃ ə ˈpeɪpər seɪɪŋ ðət ðɪs wɑz ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈhæpənd wɪˈθaʊt əpˈsɛtɪŋ ˈɛnibədi tu məʧ. wət ən ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ, ɔlˈbiɪt ˈfæbrɪˌkeɪtɪd, glɪmps ˈɪntu ðə pæst! lɔŋ ɛz noʊ ˈgɪtɪŋ bɛnt aʊt əv ʃeɪp əˈbaʊt ɪt, ðə hɑrm ɪn seɪɪŋ ðət sæŋ ˈləvli songs?”*?” sɛd jeɪl ˌpeɪliənˈtɑləʤɪst ˈʤɛni ˈsaɪmənz, lɛd ˈrisərʧər əv ðə tim ðət əˈnaʊnst ðə ˌdɪˈskəvri. nɑt laɪk ˈruɪnɪŋ ˈɛni əv ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈrisərʧ ɔn stɪl seɪɪŋ ðət ðeɪ wər wɪθ prəˈtɛktɪv pleɪts ɔn ðɛr bæks ənd ɔl ðət. ʤɪst kaɪnd əv fən tɪ θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ðɛm əraʊnd ɪn ðə wʊdz, ˈsɪŋɪŋ ˈhæpi sɔŋz əˈbaʊt ɔl ðə ˈdɪfərənt θɪŋz ðeɪ see.”*.” ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt wɛl, noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ju fil əˈbaʊt ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈmɛθədz, ju hæv tɪ əˈgri ðət ðət dɪz saʊnd ˈprɪti ˈɔsəm. θri ʧɪrz fər ðɪs ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl nu ˌdɪˈskəvri!
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there’s still a great deal that we don’t know about dinosaurs, but researchers have just made an exciting announcement that gives us a clearer picture of what these extraordinary beasts were like when they roamed the earth millions of years ago: prominent paleontologists from around the world have collectively agreed to start saying that stegosauruses had beautiful singing voices, because a nice thought and not like they’re hurting anyone.
wow. this is an incredible scientific discovery that, while not technically true, is innocuous enough that we can probably all just roll with it.
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paleontologists arrived at the monumental agreement earlier this week at the 2017 north american paleontological conference in ann arbor, mi where they decided that they couldn’t think of any real negative consequences to telling everyone that stegosauruses liked to sing happy songs when they were around other friendly dinosaurs and scary songs when they ran into t. rexes. they further agreed that it would probably put a smile on pretty much anyone’s face to imagine a herd of the spiky jurassic creatures merrily shuffling in place while belting out a nice birthday song for a pterodactyl, and they figured they could probably publish a paper saying that this was something that actually happened without upsetting anybody too much.
what an exciting, albeit fabricated, glimpse into the past!
“as long as no one’s getting bent out of shape about it, what’s the harm in saying that stegosauruses sang lovely songs?” said yale paleontologist jenny simons, lead researcher of the team that announced the discovery. “it’s not like we’re ruining any of the existing research on stegosauruses—we’re still saying that they were herbivores with protective plates on their backs and all that. just kind of fun to think about them waddling around in the woods, singing happy songs about all the different things they see.”
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well, no matter how you feel about the team’s scientific methods, you have to agree that that does sound pretty awesome. three cheers for this incredible new discovery!
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θæŋk ju fər ˈpərʧəsɪŋ θru lɪŋks ənd ædz ɔn ðɪs saɪt. ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ dɪˈsɛmbər 17 2008 ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd dɛk 19 2008 ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ fər ðə proʊ slɑt ˈjuzɪz ðə seɪm mɑrˈvɛl juzd ɪn ðə ˈspiˌdi ˈtɛmˌpoʊ kɑrd, wɪʧ juzd wɪθ greɪt rɪˈzəlts fər jɪrz. si ðə ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ˈhɑrdˌwɛr peɪʤ fər mɔr, ənd pliz səˈpɔrt saɪt ˈspɑnsər baɪ baɪɪŋ ðə ˈsɑnɪt kɑrdz ənd ˈəðər ˈaɪtəmz æt. ˈgɪvɪn ðə raɪt pərˈfɔrməns ˈɪʃuz ˌɪntrəˈdust baɪ dɪˈsɛmbər 2008 ˈəpˌdeɪt ənd ðə ʧeɪnʤ ɪn bɪˈheɪvjər frəm mæk ɑs ɛks tɪ (dɪˈteɪld bɪˈloʊ), rɪˈzəlts pərˈzɛnəd hir məst bi ˌəndərˈstʊd ɪn ˈkɑntɛkst əv ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk proʊ ˈmɑdəl ənd ɪts, ənd ˈsɪstəm ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈvərʒən. pliz du nɑt əˈsum ðət wən brænd ər əˈnəðər ɪz noʊ gʊd; ˈʧeɪnʤɪz liv fˈjuʧər bɪˈheɪvjər ɪn daʊt, ənd ˈvɛndərz maɪt kəm əp wɪθ workarounds*. ənd ɪkˈspɛktɪd pərˈfɔrməns ənˈtɪl ˈrisəntli, ɔl ðə proʊ səˈluʃənz səʧ ɛz ðə wər beɪst ɔn ðə ˈsɪləkən ˈɪmɪʤ, ə səˈluʃən ˈlɪmɪtɪd tɪ əˈbaʊt 140mb/sec*, ər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈdəbəl ðə spid əv ðə ˈfæstəst ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈlæpˌtɑp hɑrd draɪvz. ðɪs ɪz ə ˈvɛri gʊd ˈlɛvəl əv pərˈfɔrməns, gʊd fər ə bɪg ˌɪmˈpruvmənt ɪn ˈfoʊˌtoʊˌʃɑp spid wɪθ lɑrʤ faɪlz. juzd ðə kɑrd fər ˈnɪrli tu jɪrz. ɪt həz bɪn 100 rɪˈlaɪəbəl, ənd ˈɔfərz ˈvɛri gʊd pərˈfɔrməns fər ɪts ˈmɑdəst praɪs. nu kɪd ɔn ðə blɑk ðə nu kɪd ɔn ðə blɑk (dɛk 2008 ɪz ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ ɪt ˈjuzɪz ə mɑrˈvɛl, ðə seɪm wən juzd ɪn ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ fər ðə mæk proʊ; ðɪs ˈɔfərz sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli haɪər pərˈfɔrməns. boʊθ kɑrdz ər ˈɛksələnt pərˈfɔrmərz. ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ kɑrd ɪz əˈbaʊt 280 kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ ˈoʊnli 115 fər ðə (ˈpraɪsɪz ɛz əv dɛk 2008 ˈvərʒən ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɪn mɪd dɪˈsɛmbər 2008 ˈæpəl riˈlist ðə proʊ ˈəpˌdeɪt fər ðə nu (leɪt 2008 proʊ. ˈʃɔrtli ðɛˈræftər, mæk ɑs ɛks wɑz riˈlist. boʊθ ˈʧeɪnʤɪz kɔzd mɑrkt ˈdɪfərənsɪz ɪn pərˈfɔrməns. ðɪs ˌrivˈju juzd ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt fər ðə proʊ, ənd mæk ɑs ɛks rɪˈzəlts wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt wɪˈθaʊt mæk ɑs ɛks ər ˈərliər wɪl bi ˈvɛri ˈdɪfərənt. ðə ʧɔɪs əv dɪsk juˈtɪləti ˈvərsəz ˌɪntrəˈdusɪz əˈnəðər mɑrkt ˈdɪfərəns ɛz wɛl. ðə ˈnumərəs ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃənz əv soʊ ˈmɛni ˈfæktərz (ənd hɑrd draɪv ˈmɑdəlz) bɪˈkəmz soʊ ənˈwildi ðət ðɪs ˌrivˈju ˈsɛtəld ɔn ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ: fər ðə leɪt 2008 proʊ: proʊ ˈəpˌdeɪt mæk ɑs ɛks dɪsk juˈtɪləti ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl hɑrd drive(s*) kən ˌɪmˈpruv pərˈfɔrməns ɪn səm sɪˈnɛrioʊz, ˈsəmˌtaɪmz drəˈmætɪkəli, bət ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈwɪrdnəs əv ˈleɪtəst ˈʧeɪnʤɪz, ðɪs ɪz ən ˈɛksərˌsaɪz lɛft fər ðə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən. ˈəpˌdeɪt ðə proʊ ˈəpˌdeɪt kɪlz raɪt pərˈfɔrməns ɔn əˈdæptərz ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈsɪləkən ˈɪmɪʤ, bət ənd ənˈklɪr wət ˈvɛndərz kən du əˈbaʊt ɪt, ɪkˈsɛpt ðət ˈjuzɪŋ simz tɪ hɛlp (mɔr ðən 2x*!). səʧ kɑrdz ˌɪnˈklud ðoʊz frəm, caldigit*, ˈsɑnɪt ˈvərʒən), lacie*, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə). ðə ˈsɑnɪt proʊ ɪz nɑt əˈfɛktɪd. θæŋks tɪ ˈmaɪkəl bin əv fər ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðɪs ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən tɪ maɪ əˈtɛnʃən. hi həz ˈtɛstɪd ˈsɛvərəl ˈsɪləkən ˈɪmɪʤ kɑrdz frəm ˈəðər ˈvɛndərz ənd faʊnd ðə sˈloʊˌdaʊn tɪ bi ˈjunəˌfɔrm əˈməŋ ʃɔrt ən ˈhɛˌdeɪk fər ˈɛvəri ˈvɛndər ˈjuzɪŋ ðət. ə ˈvɛri gʊd ˈrizən tɪ kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ ˌprɛfərˈɛnʃəli, ˈivɪn ˈgɪvɪn ɪts haɪər kɔst. ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ kɑrd ˈjuzɪz ðə mɑrˈvɛl, ənd ɪz nɑt əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt ˈɪʃu. ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌgɛrənˈti ðət ˈæpəl wɪl fɪks ðə pərˈfɔrməns ˈprɑbləm sin wɪθ ðə ˈsɪləkən kɑrdz, nɔr ˈɛni ˌgɛrənˈti ðət ˈæpəl maɪt nɑt ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈgreɪd spid fər ðə mɑrˈvɛl wɪθ ə fˈjuʧər ˈəpˌdeɪt! ˈtɛstɪŋ ˈbækˌgraʊnd rɪˈzəlts kˈwoʊtɪd hir ər wɪθ ə straɪpt reɪd ˈjuzɪŋ ə straɪp saɪz, ənd wɪθ dɪsk juˈtɪləti. ˈʤɛnərəli prəˈdusɪz suˈpɪriər pərˈfɔrməns, əˈspɛʃəli ɔn raɪts. ˈməltəpəl draɪvz wər ˈtɛstɪd, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə hɪˈtɑʧi ðə ˈsiˌgeɪt ðə ˈsiˌgeɪt ənd ðə ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl wɪθ kənˈsɪstənt rɪˈzəlts (ˈvɛriɪŋ spidz). ðə ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl ri 3 wɑz ˈʧoʊzən ɛz ðə child”*” fər ðə rɪˈzəlts hir, bɪˈkəz ɪt ˈɔfərz kənˈsɪstəntli ˈɛksələnt pərˈfɔrməns. si ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ˈhɑrdˌwɛr. haʊ ˈtrænsfər saɪz əˈfɛkts θˈruˌpʊt maɪ ˈstændərd test”*” ˈjuzɪz ʧəŋks (ðə size”*”), bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ə ˌriəˈlɪstɪk saɪz juzd baɪ ril ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz səʧ ɛz ˈfoʊˌtoʊˌʃɑp ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən dɪˈvɛləpərz ʃʊd teɪk noʊt əv ðiz ˈfɪgjərz, ənd əˈvɔɪd koʊd ðət ridz ər raɪts blɑks əv ə fju ˈkɪloʊˌbaɪts æt ə taɪm. ˈfæstər spidz ər əˈʧivd wɪθ ˈlɑrʤər ʧəŋks. hir ɪz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl əv haʊ ðə ʧəŋk saɪz ˈɪnˌfluənsɪz səˈsteɪnd ˈtrænsfər spid: proʊ, ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ, 2 ɛks ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 2gb/start*, 3 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz) ʧəŋk saɪz raɪt rɛd ˈmɛni ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz raɪt ɪn ʧəŋks ər sˈmɔlər. səʧ ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ər nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ si haɪ θˈruˌpʊt spidz wɪθ ə straɪpt reɪd ɔn ðə proʊ. ɔn ðə mæk proʊ ðə sˈmɔlər ʧəŋk ˈsaɪzɪz ər lɛs əˈfɛktɪd, bət stɪl ˈʤɛnərəli ˌrikˈwaɪər ər ˈlɑrʤər ʧəŋks fər ˈɑptɪməl səˈsteɪnd ˈtrænsfər spidz. rɪˈzəlts ˈɛriə tɛst əˈkrɔs ðə draɪv ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ ˈɛriə tɛst ˈjusɪʤ fər kənˈtroʊlərz ʃʊd bi ɪn ðə 10 reɪnʤ. bət ɔn ðə proʊ (leɪt 2008 raɪts (bət nɑt ridz) ʧu əp 100 əv wən əv ðə kɔrz ðɪs ɪz nɑt tru wɪθ ðə 2007! ðɪs ɪz ˌprɑbləˈmætɪk ɪf ðə ˈproʊˌgræm ˈnidɪŋ ðə ˈdætə ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ˈɛni sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt əˈmaʊnt əv ˈdætə ˈkrənʧɪŋ. ˈsɑnɪt ɪz ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈɪʃu. ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ ɪz ə ˈvɛri strɔŋ pərˈfɔrmər ɪn tərmz əv θˈruˌpʊt. spidz ʃoʊn hir ˌɪnˈkris baɪ əˈbaʊt 10 wɪθ ʧəŋks ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ʧəŋks. ðiz ər ˈɛksələnt rɪˈzəlts fər ðə proʊ, ˌɪnˈdid ənˈprɛsɪˌdɛntɪd praɪər tɪ dɛk 2008 ðə ˈɔfərz ˈfæstər raɪts baɪ əˈbaʊt 20 ðən ðə 2007 ˈvərsəz 153mb/sec*). spidz ˈnæʧərəli fɔl ɔf frəm ðə ˈfæstər tɪ ðə sloʊər saɪd əv ðə draɪv waɪ. ðə ˈfɪgjərz æt ðə 100 mɑrk ʃʊd ˈʤɛnərəli bi ˌɪgˈnɔrd ɛz ðət ˈɛriə ɪz ˈhaɪli ˈvɛriəbəl. proʊ --ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz 3 ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 2gb/1mb*, 3 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz) ˈɛriə 1.82tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 182 185 10 181 187 20 181 188 30 181 187 40 181 187 50 180 185 60 175 177 70 163 162 80 148 151 90 132 133 100 110 111 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: proʊ 2007 --ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz 3 ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 2gb/1mb*, 3 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz) ˈɛriə 1.82tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 153 184 10 154 183 20 153 183 30 153 183 40 153 183 50 153 182 60 153 176 70 153 162 80 148 151 90 131 132 100 126 135 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈɛriə tɛst ðə pərˈfɔrmd ˈpurli ɔn ðə proʊ. ðɪs ɪz du tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt. raɪt spidz praɪər tɪ ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt wər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈdəbəl ðə ˈfɪgjərz sin bɪˈloʊ! ɔl kɑrdz ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈsɪləkən ˈɪmɪʤ ər ˈlaɪkli tɪ si ɪgˈzæktli ðə seɪm ““hit”*” (ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈɛvəri ɪn leɪt 2008 ɪkˈsɛpt ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ). ðɪs ɪz ə nɑt ə ˈɪʃu. wɪθ ðə 2007 proʊ, raɪt spidz ər məʧ suˈpɪriər, əˈbaʊt ɛz gʊd ɛz kən bi ɪkˈspɛktɪd frəm ˈɛni kɑrd beɪst ɔn ɪts. proʊ -aɪ 3 -ti -si ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 2gb/1mb*, 3 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz) ˈɛriə 1.82tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 129 10 130 20 129 30 129 40 130 50 129 60 129 70 129 80 129 90 131 100 118 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: proʊ (ˈpriviəs ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən) -aɪ 3 -ti -si ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 2gb/1mb*, 3 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz) ˈɛriə 1.82tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 131 128 10 131 129 20 130 129 30 129 129 40 130 129 50 128 129 60 130 129 70 130 128 80 131 129 90 131 128 100 111 111 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: pɔrt ˌməltəpləˈkeɪʃən pərˈfɔrməns wɪθ ˈstɔrɪʤ ˈlɪmɪtɪd ɔn ðə proʊ, ənd ˈoʊnli tu pɔrts əˈveɪləbəl, pɔrt ˌməltəpləˈkeɪʃən ɪz ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv tɪ kənˈsɪdər. ɔn ðə mæk proʊ pərˈfɔrməns ɪz səˈvɪrli θˈrɑtəld wɪθ mɔr ðən 2 draɪvz waɪ, bət ɔn ðə proʊ, pɔrt ˌməltəpləˈkeɪʃən pərˈfɔrməns kənˈstreɪnts mæʧ ˈrizənəbli wɛl wɪθ ðə ˈmæksəməm θˈruˌpʊt əv ðə slɑt. rɪˈzəlts bɪˈloʊ ər fər ˈrɛfərəns, frəm ə mæk proʊ wɪθ fɔr 4 draɪvz. fər mɔr, si ðə waɪ ju ʃʊd əˈvɔɪd pɔrt ˌməltəpləˈkeɪʃən peɪʤ. pɔrt ˌməltəpləˈkeɪʃən, mæk proʊ kwɑd kɔr, ˈsɑnɪt, 4 ɛks ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 1gb/1mb*, 1 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃən) ˈɛriə 3.63tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 206 231 10 209 230 20 208 227 30 201 229 40 201 228 50 208 230 60 197 229 70 208 229 80 209 230 90 207 225 100 210 218 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: pərˈfɔrməns wɪθ 4 draɪvz ɪz ɛˈsɛnʃəli ðə seɪm ɛz wɪθ ˈoʊnli 2 draɪvz kəˈnɛktɪd kənˈvɛnʃənəli 2 ˈkeɪbəlz), bət wɪθ kənˈsɪstənt pərˈfɔrməns əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum (fɔr draɪvz ˈreɪzɪz ˈmɪnəməm pərˈfɔrməns fər ðə sloʊ ˈɛriə əv ðə draɪvz). ˈsɑnɪt proʊ 4 straɪpt draɪvz pɔrt ˌməltəpləˈkeɪʃən ənd ˈəðər ˈbɑtəlˌnɛks spid ɔn ðə proʊ, bət kənˈsɪstənt əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum wɪθ fɔr draɪvz. raɪt pərˈfɔrməns ɪz ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪŋ, ˈæpəl həz ˈklɪrli ˈbroʊkən ˈsəmθɪŋ wɪθ mæk ɑs ɛks ˈəpˌdeɪt ɔn ðə nu (leɪt 2008 proʊ. rɛd ənd raɪt spidz ʃoʊn bɪˈloʊ wɪl bi 10 haɪər wɪn ˈvɛri lɑrʤ ʧəŋks ər juzd). ɔn ðə ˈpriviəs ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən proʊ ˈjuzɪŋ mæk ɑs ɛks ðə ˈsɑnɪt proʊ ˈdraɪvər kɔzd ə ˈkərnəl ˈpænɪk (kræʃ) wɪn ðə məˈʃin ɪz pʊt tɪ slip. ˈsɑnɪt kənˈfərmz ðɪs ˈɪʃu ənd ɪz ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ə fɪks. ðə tɛmp proʊ wɑz ərˈɪʤənəli ˈeɪbəl tɪ səˈsteɪn fər raɪts ɪn wən tɛst, bət ɪn ˈsəbsəkwənt tɛsts kʊd nɑt ɪkˈsid ðə ˈfɪgjərz ʃoʊn. proʊ pɔrt ˈməltəˌplaɪd, 4 ɛks ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 512mb/1mb*, 3 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz) ˈɛriə 3.63tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 178 10 177 20 177 30 177 40 176 50 177 60 173 70 175 80 172 90 168 100 176 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: proʊ 2007 pɔrt ˈməltəˌplaɪd, 4 ɛks ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl -ti -si ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 2gb/1mb*, 1 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃən) ˈɛriə 3.63tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 108 172 10 109 169 20 109 170 30 109 169 40 109 170 50 108 170 60 109 170 70 108 170 80 109 168 90 108 169 100 109 170 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: 4 straɪpt draɪvz ɔn ðə, ðə ʤɪst ˈwərkɪŋ; ˈɛvəri əˈtɛmpt rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn ə ˈsɪstəm hæŋ rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ə fɔrst riˈbut. ðə draɪv ənd ðə meɪd noʊ ˌɪmˈpruvmənt., ˈdɪfərənt ˈkeɪbəlz, straɪp saɪz ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˌɛtˈsɛtərə hæd noʊ ˈifɛkt, ˈvərsəz, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. ˈfaɪnəli, ˈrənɪŋ prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ, wɪʧ klinz əp ɔl ˈtreɪsɪz əv ðə draɪv ənd kæˈʃeɪ, ðɛn ðə ˈdraɪvər sɑlvd ðə ˈprɑbləm. prɪˈzuməbli ðɪs ʃʊd bi pɑrt əv ðə ˈnɔrməl ˌɪnˈstɔl, sɪns ɪt dɪd ðə trɪk (praɪər tɪ ðət aɪ hæd ðə ˈdraɪvər wɪθ ðə ˈjuʒəwəl ˌɪnˈstɔlər). aɪ ˈɛndɪd əp ˈweɪstɪŋ aʊərz riˈzɑlvɪŋ ðɪs ˈɪʃu. ðə sloʊ pərˈfɔrməns ɔn raɪts sin hir ɪz əˈpɛrəntli ðə ˈkɑnsəkwəns əv ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt ənd mæk ɑs ɛks ðɪs ɪz ˈɔlˌmoʊst nɑt ə ˈɪʃu; ɪt ɪz ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ əˈfɛkt ˈɛvəri ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈsɪləkən ˈɪmɪʤ. proʊ pɔrt ˈməltəˌplaɪd, 4 ɛks ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 2gb/1mb*, 1 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃən) ˈɛriə 3.63tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 121 10 121 20 121 30 121 40 121 50 121 60 121 70 121 80 121 90 121 100 120 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: proʊ 2007 ˈmɑdəl) pɔrt ˈməltəˌplaɪd, 4 ɛks ˈwɛstərn ˈdɪʤɪtəl -ti -si ˈævrɪʤɪz fər 2gb/1mb*, 1 ˌɪtəˈreɪʃən) ˈɛriə 3.63tb*) raɪt rɛd 0 105 120 10 104 119 20 105 119 30 105 119 40 104 119 50 105 119 60 104 119 70 105 119 80 105 119 90 103 119 100 104 119 ˈævərɪʤ raɪt spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈævərɪʤ rɛd spid əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɑljum: ˈpraɪsɪŋ pərˈfɔrməns dɪz kəm æt ə praɪs, ˈrəfli 280 fər ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ ˈvərsəz 115 fər ðə ɛz əv dɪˈsɛmbər 2008 du ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt ðə praɪs ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv ðə ˈtoʊtəl kɔst fər ðə kənˈtroʊlər ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ðə hɑrd drive(s*) ðə enclosure(s*), ənd ðə mæk ˈsɪstəm ɛz ə hoʊl. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, kənˈsɪdər ə ˈsɛˌtəp: ˈbəndəl 309 2 ɛks hɪˈtɑʧi 218 527 ɪnˈkloʊʒər 199 ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ 280 2 ɛks hɪˈtɑʧi 218 697 ˈdɪfərəns 170 32 mɔr ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ. ɪf ðə goʊl ɪz pərˈfɔrməns ɪf ju ər ˈjuzɪŋ fər lɑrʤ ˈfoʊˌtoʊˌʃɑp faɪlz), ju dɪˈsɪʒən ɪz klɪr, əˈspɛʃəli ɔn ðə proʊ. kənˈkluʒənz ðə ˈsɑnɪt ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ wɪθ ɪts mɑrˈvɛl ɪz ðə spid ʧæmp ɛz əv dɪˈsɛmbər 2008 spidz ər səbˈstænʃəli haɪər ðən wɪθ maɪ ˈfɔrmər ˈfeɪvərɪt, ðə. pliz noʊt ðət ðə haɪ pərˈfɔrməns sin hir rikˈwaɪərz mɔr ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ““pro”*” kɑrd, nɑt ðə ˈrɛgjələr ˈvərʒən (wɪʧ laɪk ðə ˈɔfərɪŋ ɪz beɪst ɔn ðə ˈsɪləkən ˈɪmɪʤ ənd ˈlaɪkli tɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns ðə seɪm ˈɪʃuz ənd pərˈfɔrməns). wɪn ˈʧuzɪŋ ɔn ðə proʊ fər pərˈfɔrməns ˈrizənz, ðə haɪər praɪs əv ðə ˈtɛmˌpoʊ proʊ ɪz ˈizəli ˈʤəstəˌfaɪd fər bɪg ʤɑbz, səʧ ɛz ˈfoʊˌtoʊˌʃɑp. ənd fər ˈbæˌkəps əv lɑrʤ ˈdætə sɛts, ðə haɪər səˈsteɪnd θˈruˌpʊt wɪl kət ðə taɪm daʊn kənˈsɪdərəbli. ˈsɪstəm ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈvərʒən, ˈvərʒən ənd proʊ ˈvɛriənt hæv ə lɑrʤ ˈɪnfluəns ɔn pərˈfɔrməns, pliz ˌrivˈju ðə tɛst pərˈæmətərz ˈkɛrfəli.
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sonnet tempo sata pro expresscard/34
december 17, 2008 updated dec 19 2008
the sonnet tempo sata pro expresscard/34 for the macbook pro expresscard/34 slot uses the same marvell chipset used in the speedy tempo e4p pci-express card, which i’ve used with great results for years. see the recommended hardware page for more, and please support site sponsor owc by buying the sonnet cards and other items at owc.
given the write performance issues introduced by apple’s december 2008 efi firmware update 1.6, and the change in behavior from mac os x 10.5.5 to 10.5.6 (detailed below), results presented here must be understood in context of the specific macbook pro model and its firmware, and system software version. please do not assume that one brand or another is no good; apple’s changes leave future behavior in doubt, and vendors might come up with workarounds.
chipsets and expected performance
until recently, all the macbook pro expresscard/34 solutions such as the firmtek seritek/2sm2-e were based on the silicon image si-3132 chipset, a solution limited to about 140mb/sec, or almost double the speed of the fastest internal laptop hard drives. this is a very good level of performance, good for a big improvement in photoshop speed with large files.
i’ve used the firmtek seritek/2sm2-e card for nearly two years. it has been 100% reliable, and offers very good performance for its modest price.
new kid on the block
the new kid on the block (dec 2008) is the sonnet tempo sata pro expresscard/34. it uses a marvell chipset, the same one used in the sonnet tempo e4p for the mac pro; this chipset offers significantly higher performance. both cards are excellent performers.
the sonnet tempo sata pro card is about $280 compared with only $115 for the firmtek seritek/2sm2-e (prices as of dec 2008).
version changes everything !!!!!!!
in mid december 2008, apple released the macbook pro efi firmware update 1.6, for the new unibody (late 2008) macbook pro. shortly thereafter, mac os x 10.5.6 was released. both changes caused marked differences in performance.
this review used the 1.6 firmware update for the macbook pro 2.8ghz unibody, and mac os x 10.5.6. results without the firmware update and/or without mac os x 10.5.5 or earlier will be very different.
the choice of apple’s disk utility vs softraid introduces another marked difference as well. the numerous combinations of so many factors (and hard drive models) becomes so unwieldy that this review settled on using the following:
for the late 2008 unibody macbook pro: macbook pro efi firmware update 1.6,
mac os x 10.5.6
apple’s disk utility
western digital re3 hard drive(s)
softraid can improve performance in some scenarios, sometimes dramatically, but given the overall weirdness of apple’s latest changes, this is an exercise left for the reader’s particular configuration.
apple’s firmware update 1.6
the macbook pro efi firmware update 1.6 kills write performance on expresscard sata adapters using the silicon image sii-3132 chipset, but , and unclear what vendors can do about it, except that using softraid seems to help (more than 2x!). such cards include those from firmtek, caldigit, sonnet (non-pro version), lacie, etc). the sonnet sata pro is not affected.
thanks to michael bean of amug for bringing this explanation to my attention. he has tested several silicon image si-3132-based cards from other vendors and found the slowdown to be uniform among them—in short an apple-induced headache for every vendor using that chipset. a very good reason to consider the sonnet tempo sata pro preferentially, even given its higher cost.
the sonnet tempo sata pro card uses the marvell chipset, and is not affected by the firmware update issue. there is no guarantee that apple will fix the performance problem seen with the silicon image-based cards, nor any guarantee that apple might not also degrade speed for the marvell chipset with a future firmware update!
testing background
results quoted here are with a 2-drive striped raid using a 32k stripe size, and with apple’s disk utility. softraid generally produces superior performance, especially on writes.
multiple drives were tested, including the hitachi deskstar 7k1000, the seagate 1.5tb 7200.11, the seagate 1tb es.2 and the western digital re3, with consistent results (varying speeds). the western digital re 3 was chosen as the “poster child” for the results here, because it offers consistently excellent performance. see recommended hardware.
how transfer size affects throughput
my standard disktester “area test” uses 1mb chunks (the “transfer size”), because it is a realistic size used by real applications such as photoshop cs3/cs4. application developers should take note of these figures, and avoid performance-sapping code that reads or writes blocks of a few kilobytes at a time.
faster speeds are achieved with larger chunks. here is an example of how the chunk size influences sustained transfer speed:
# macbook pro 2.8ghz, sonnet tempo sata pro, 2 x western digital re3 1tb ----- averages for "wd2" (2gb/start, 3 iterations) -----
chunk size write mb/sec read mb/sec
32k 70.2 73.0
64k 94.9 98.2
128k 114.8 131.8
256k 152.4 158.2
512k 182.2 175.7
1mb 181.9 185.8
2mb 188.6 191.0
4mb 190.4 194.9
8mb 191.3 196.7
16mb 192.0 198.4
32mb 192.4 198.9
64mb 192.9 199.2
128mb 193.0 199.8
many applications write in chunks 128k or smaller. such applications are not going to see high throughput speeds with a striped raid on the macbook pro. on the mac pro the smaller chunk sizes are less affected, but still generally require 256k or larger chunks for optimal sustained transfer speeds.
results — area test across the drive
sonnet tempo sata pro — area test
cpu usage for expresscard/34 controllers should be in the 10% range. but on the unibody 2.8ghz macbook pro (late 2008), writes (but not reads) chew up 100% of one of the cores . this is not true with the 2.4ghz (2007) mbp! this is problematic if the program needing the data is using any significant amount of data crunching. sonnet is looking into the issue.
the sonnet tempo sata pro is a very strong performer in terms of throughput. speeds shown here increase by about 10% with 32mb chunks instead of 1mb chunks. these are excellent results for the macbook pro, indeed unprecedented prior to dec 2008.
the unibody 2.8ghz mbp offers faster writes by about 20% than the 2007 mbp 2.4ghz (182mb/sec vs 153mb/sec). speeds naturally fall off from the faster to the slower side of the drive why. the figures at the 100% mark should generally be ignored as that area is highly variable.
# unibody macbook pro 2.8ghz disktester run-area-test --iterations 3 --test-size 2g --chunk-size 1m wd ----- averages for "wd2" (2gb/1mb, 3 iterations) -----
area (1.82tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 182 185
10% 181 187
20% 181 188
30% 181 187
40% 181 187
50% 180 185
60% 175 177
70% 163 162
80% 148 151
90% 132 133
100% 110 111
average write speed across the volume: 165mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 168mb/sec # macbook pro 2.4ghz (2007) disktester run-area-test --iterations 3 --test-size 2g --chunk-size 1m wd ----- averages for "wd2" (2gb/1mb, 3 iterations) -----
area (1.82tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 153 184
10% 154 183
20% 153 183
30% 153 183
40% 153 183
50% 153 182
60% 153 176
70% 153 162
80% 148 151
90% 131 132
100% 126 135
average write speed across the volume: 148mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 168mb/sec
firmtek seritek/2sm2-e — area test
the firmtek seritek performed poorly on the 2.8ghz unibody macbook pro. this is due to apple’s efi firmware update. write speeds prior to the update were almost double the figures seen below! all cards using the silicon image si-3132 chipset are likely to see exactly the same “hit” (essentially every sata expresscard/34 in late 2008 except the sonnet tempo sata pro). this is a not a firmtek-specific issue.
with the 2.4ghz (2007) macbook pro, write speeds are much superior, about as good as can be expected from any card based on its chipset.
# unibody macbook pro 2.8ghz disktester run-area-test -i 3 -t 2g -c 1m wd ----- averages for "wd2" (2gb/1mb, 3 iterations) -----
area (1.82tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 76.9 129
10% 77.0 130
20% 77.4 129
30% 78.4 129
40% 77.5 130
50% 81.0 129
60% 77.6 129
70% 77.6 129
80% 77.1 129
90% 78.6 131
100% 77.6 118
average write speed across the volume: 77.9mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 128mb/sec # macbook pro 2.4ghz (previous generation) disktester run-area-test -i 3 -t 2g -c 1m wd ----- averages for "wd2" (2gb/1mb, 3 iterations) -----
area (1.82tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 131 128
10% 131 129
20% 130 129
30% 129 129
40% 130 129
50% 128 129
60% 130 129
70% 130 128
80% 131 129
90% 131 128
100% 111 111
average write speed across the volume: 128mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 127mb/sec
port multiplication performance
with storage limited on the macbook pro, and only two esata ports available, port multiplication is an alternative to consider. on the mac pro performance is severely throttled with more than 2 drives why, but on the macbook pro, port multiplication performance constraints match reasonably well with the maximum throughput of the expresscard/34 slot.
results below are for reference, from a quad-core 3.0ghz mac pro with four (4) drives. for more, see the why you should avoid port multiplication page.
# port multiplication, firmtek seritek/5pm # mac pro quad core 3.0ghz, sonnet e4p, 4 x western digital re3 1tb ----- averages for "wd4" (1gb/1mb, 1 iteration) -----
area (3.63tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 206 231
10% 209 230
20% 208 227
30% 201 229
40% 201 228
50% 208 230
60% 197 229
70% 208 229
80% 209 230
90% 207 225
100% 210 218
average write speed across the volume: 206mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 228mb/sec
performance with 4 port-multiplied drives is essentially the same as with only 2 drives connected conventionally (2 cables), but with consistent performance across the volume (four drives raises minimum performance for the slow area of the drives).
sonnet sata pro — port-multiplied 4 striped drives
port multiplication and other bottlenecks flat-line speed on the macbook pro, but consistent across the volume with four drives.
write performance is disappointing, apple has clearly broken something with mac os x 10.5.6 and/or firmware update 1.6 on the new unibody (late 2008) macbook pro.
read and write speeds shown below will be ~10% higher when very large chunks are used (eg 32mb).
on the previous generation macbook pro using mac os x 10.5.6, the sonnet sata pro driver 2.1.6 caused a kernel panic (crash) when the machine is put to sleep. sonnet confirms this issue and is working on a fix.
# the temp sata pro was originally able to sustain 160mb/sec for # writes in one test, but in subsequent tests could not # exceed the figures shown. # unibody macbook pro 2.8ghz # port multiplied firmtek seritek/5pm, 4 x western digital re3 ----- averages for "wdx4" (512mb/1mb, 3 iterations) -----
area (3.63tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 55.4 178
10% 56.0 177
20% 55.5 177
30% 55.9 177
40% 55.7 176
50% 55.3 177
60% 55.8 173
70% 55.4 175
80% 55.8 172
90% 55.6 168
100% 55.0 176
average write speed across the volume: 55.6mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 175mb/sec
# macbook pro 2.4ghz (2007) # port multiplied firmtek seritek/5pm, 4 x western digital re3 disktester run-area-test -t 2g -c 1m wd ----- averages for "wd4" (2gb/1mb, 1 iteration) -----
area (3.63tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 108 172
10% 109 169
20% 109 170
30% 109 169
40% 109 170
50% 108 170
60% 109 170
70% 108 170
80% 109 168
90% 108 169
100% 109 170
average write speed across the volume: 109mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 170mb/sec
firmtek seritek/2sm2-e — port-multiplied 4 striped drives
on the 2.8ghz mbp, the firmtek seritek just wasn’t working; every attempt resulting in a system hang requiring a forced reboot. reinstalling the drive and re-flashing the expresscard made no improvement., different cables, 64k stripe size instead of 32k etc had no effect, diskutility vs softraid, etc. finally, running firmtek_31xx_uinstall.command provided by firmtek, which cleans up all traces of the drive and cache, then reinstalling the driver solved the problem. presumably this should be part of the normal install, since it did the trick (prior to that i had re-installed the driver with the usual installer). i ended up wasting 4-5 hours resolving this issue.
the slow performance on writes seen here is apparently the consequence of the efi 1.6 firmware update and mac os x 10.5.6. this is almost certaily not a firmtek-specific issue; it is is likely to affect every expresscard/34 using the silicon image sii-3132 chipset.
# unibody macbook pro 2.8ghz # port multiplied firmtek seritek/5pm, 4 x western digital re3 ----- averages for "wd4" (2gb/1mb, 1 iteration) -----
area (3.63tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 57.7 121
10% 56.1 121
20% 56.1 121
30% 56.0 121
40% 55.8 121
50% 58.2 121
60% 55.6 121
70% 62.2 121
80% 58.2 121
90% 56.0 121
100% 55.9 120
average write speed across the volume: 57.1mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 121mb/sec
# macbook pro 2.4ghz (2007 model) # port multiplied firmtek seritek/5pm, 4 x western digital re3 disktester run-area-test -t 2g -c 1m wd ----- averages for "wd4" (2gb/1mb, 1 iteration) -----
area (3.63tb) write mb/sec read mb/sec
0% 105 120
10% 104 119
20% 105 119
30% 105 119
40% 104 119
50% 105 119
60% 104 119
70% 105 119
80% 105 119
90% 103 119
100% 104 119
average write speed across the volume: 104mb/sec
average read speed across the volume: 119mb/sec
pricing
performance does come at a price, roughly $280 for the sonnet tempo sata pro vs $115 for the firmtek seritek as of december 2008. do evaluate the price difference in the context of the total cost for the expresscard/34 controller itself, the hard drive(s) the enclosure(s), and the mac system as a whole.
for example, consider a 2-drive esata setup:
seritek/2ensm2-e bundle = $309 + 2 x 1tb hitachi ($218) = $527
seritek/2en2 enclosure = $199 + sonnet tempo pro = $280 + 2 x 1tb hitachi = $218 = $697
difference = $170 = 32% more using the sonnet tempo sata pro. if the goal is performance (eg if you are using esata for large photoshop files), you decision is clear, especially on the unibody macbook pro.
conclusions
the sonnet tempo sata pro expresscard/34 with its marvell chipset is the speed champ as of december 2008: speeds are substantially higher than with my former favorite, the firmtek seritek/2sm2-e.
please note that the high performance seen here requires sonnet’s more expensive “pro” card, not the regular version (which like the firmtek offering is based on the silicon image chipset and likely to experience the same issues and performance).
when choosing esata on the macbook pro for performance reasons, the higher price of the tempo sata pro expresscard/34 is easily justified for big jobs, such as photoshop. and for backups of large data sets, the higher sustained throughput will cut the time down considerably.
system software version, firmware version and macbook pro variant have a large influence on performance, please review the test parameters carefully.
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ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsənˌdiz ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl dəˈbeɪt æt ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˌjunəˈvərsəti ɪn st*. luɪs, ˈdɑnəld trəmp əˈpɪrd tɪ lum ˈoʊvər ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən waɪl ʃi əˈdrɛst ðə ˈmɑdərˌeɪtərz ənd ˈɔdiəns. ənd laɪk ðə ˈmɪljənz əv ˈpipəl hu wɔʧt ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl sˈləgˌfɛst, ˈklɪntən tʊk ˈnoʊtɪs. ɪn fækt, ˈdʊrɪŋ ən əˈpɪrəns ɔn ðə ˈɛlən dɪʤɪˈnɛrɛs ʃoʊ, ˈɛrɪŋ ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ˈklɪntən ˈdɪdənt mɪns wərdz əˈbaʊt hər ˈraɪvəlz bɪˈheɪvjər, seɪɪŋ hi "stɔkt" hər ɔn steɪʤ waɪl ʃi əˈdrɛst ðə ˈmɑdərˌeɪtərz ənd ˈɔdiəns. "bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃən əv ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈvɪdioʊ, ənd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət keɪm aʊt ɔn 'ˈækˌsɛs ˈhɑliˌwʊd,' ju noʊ, hi wɑz ˈrɪli ɔl rɔt əp, ənd ju kʊd ʤɪst sɛns haʊ məʧ ˈæŋgər hi had,”*,” ˈklɪntən toʊld dɪʤɪˈnɛrɛs, rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈvɪdioʊ əv trəmp ˈmeɪkɪŋ lud ˈkɑmɛnts əˈbaʊt ˈwɪmən wɪθ ʃoʊz ˈfɔrmər hoʊst, ˈbɪli bʊʃ. "ənd soʊ, hi wɑz ˈrɪli traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈdɑməˌneɪt ənd ðɛn ˈlɪtərəli stɔk mi əraʊnd ðə stage.”*.” wɑz soʊ ɑd, bɪˈkəz goʊ tɪ tɔk tɪ somebody,”*,” ʃi rɪˈkɔld, aɪ wʊd ʤɪst fil ðɪs ˈprɛzəns bɪˈhaɪnd mi, ənd ju noʊ, aɪ θɔt, 'woʊ ðɪs ɪz ˈrɪli wɪrd.'" trəmp həz dɪˈnaɪd ““stalking”*” ˈklɪntən ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə dəˈbeɪt ɪn ən əˈtɛmpt tɪ ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt hər. æt ə kæmˈpeɪn ɪˈvɛnt ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ deɪ, hi dɪˈskraɪbd ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən frəm hɪz oʊn pərˈspɛktɪv: ““so*, əm ˈstændɪŋ æt maɪ ˈpoʊdiəm baɪ maɪ ʧɛr. ʃi wɔks əˈkrɔs ðə rum. ʃiz ˈstændɪŋ ɪn frənt əv mi, raɪt nɛkst tɪ mi. ənd ðə nɛkst deɪ aɪ sɛd wət dɪd ðə ˈpeɪpər seɪ? ðeɪ sɛd, 'hi ˌɪnˈveɪdɪd hər speɪs.'" me,”*,” hi sɛd, læst speɪs ðət aɪ wɔnt tɪ ˌɪnˈveɪd ɪz hər speɪs. bɪˈliv mi. aɪ doʊnt wɔnt tɪ ˌɪnˈveɪd hər space.”*.” ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən sɪz ˈdɑnəld trəmp meɪks hər wɔnt tɪ 'ənˈpləg ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ər ʤɪst lʊk æt kæt gifs*' ˈdɑnəld trəmp kɔlz 'ˈvɪʃəs' ˈsɛkʃuəl əˈsɔlt ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz 'ˈaʊˈtraɪt laɪz' dɪʤɪˈnɛrɛs ˈɔlsoʊ æst ˈklɪntən əˈbaʊt ðə ˈleɪtəst ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz əv trəmp ˈsɛkʃuəli əˈsɔltɪŋ ˈwɪmən. ˈklɪntən ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪzd ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ɛz ɔn ˈmɛni levels,”*,” bət ˈkɔʃənd, wɔnt ˈɛnibədi tɪ θɪŋk ðət ðɪs ɪˈlɛkʃən ɪz ˈoʊvər. bɪˈkəz bɪn soʊ ˌənprɪˈdɪktəbəl ənˈtɪl naʊ, ðət nɑt ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ fər ˈgrænɪd." ˈklɪntən ˈɔlsoʊ preɪzd mɪˈʃɛl fər hər spiʧ dɪˈnaʊnsɪŋ ˈtritmənt əv ˈwɪmən. spiʧ ðət ʃi geɪv, aɪ θɪŋk, pʊt ˈɪntu wərdz wət soʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl ər ˈfilɪŋ. ənd nɑt ʤɪst ˈwɪmən ənd gərlz. mɛn ənd boys,”*,” ˈklɪntən sɛd. θɪŋk wət mɪˈʃɛl ˌoʊˈbɑmə həz soʊ ˈpaʊərfli ɪkˈsprɛst, ɪz: wi ər ˈbɛtər ðən this.”*.”
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during sunday's presidential debate at washington university in st. louis, donald trump appeared to loom over hillary clinton while she addressed the moderators and audience.
and like the millions of people who watched the political slugfest, clinton took notice.
in fact, during an appearance on the ellen degeneres show, airing friday, clinton didn't mince words about her rival's behavior, saying he "stalked" her on stage while she addressed the moderators and audience.
"because of the revelation of the public video, and everything that came out on 'access hollywood,' you know, he was really all wrought up, and you could just sense how much anger he had,” clinton told degeneres, referring to the recently-leaked video of trump making lewd comments about women with show's former host, billy bush. "and so, he was really trying to dominate and then literally stalk me around the stage.”
“it was so odd, because i’d go to talk to somebody,” she recalled, “and i would just feel this presence behind me, and you know, i thought, 'whoa this is really weird.'"
trump has denied “stalking” clinton during the debate in an attempt to intimidate her.
at a campaign event the following day, he described the situation from his own perspective: “so, i'm standing at my podium by my chair. she walks across the room. she's standing in front of me, right next to me. and the next day i said what did the paper say? they said, 'he invaded her space.'"
“believe me,” he said, “the last space that i want to invade is her space. believe me. i don't want to invade her space.”
hillary clinton says donald trump makes her want to 'unplug the internet -- or just look at cat gifs'
donald trump calls 'vicious' sexual assault allegations 'outright lies'
degeneres also asked clinton about the latest allegations of trump sexually assaulting women.
clinton characterized the allegations as “distressing on many levels,” but cautioned, “i don’t want anybody to think that this election is over. because it’s been so unpredictable until now, that i’m not taking anything for granted."
clinton also praised michelle obama’s for her speech denouncing trump’s treatment of women.
“the speech that she gave, i think, put into words what so many people are feeling. and not just women and girls. men and boys,” clinton said. “i think what michelle obama has so powerfully expressed, is: we are better than this.”
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ˈlɛʤɪsˌleɪʧərz əˈkrɔs ˈjuˈɛs hæv pleɪst ˈhərdəlz tɪ ˈmɛni ˈvoʊtərz hu wʊd tɛnd tɪ kæst ðɛr ˈbælət fər ˈdɛməˌkræts ɪn 2007 ˈʧɑrli krɪst, ðə ðɛn rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈgəvərnər əv ˈflɔrɪdə, əˈstɑnɪʃt pəˈlɪtɪkəl frɛnd ənd foʊ əˈlaɪk baɪ ˈpʊtɪŋ ə stɑp tɪ wət hi sɔ ɛz ðə ˈpræktɪs əv wɪθˈhoʊldɪŋ ðə voʊt frəm riˈlist ˈprɪzənərz. hi əˈnaʊnst ðət nɑnˈvaɪələnt ˈfɔrmər ˈfɛlənz hu hæd dən ðɛr taɪm wʊd ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli hæv ðɛr raɪt tɪ voʊt rɪˈstɔrd tɪ ðɛm. ɪt wɑz noʊ smɔl əˈfɛr. ɪn ˈflɔrɪdə, ˈmɪljən ˈpipəl hæv praɪər ˈfɛləni kənˈvɪkʃənz, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɪs ə ˈvɛri ˈsaɪzəbəl ʧəŋk əv ə ˈtoʊtəl ˈɛlɪʤəbəl ɪˈlɛktərət əv 11 ˈmɪljən. ˈfɔrmər ˈfɛlənz ər ˌdɪsprəˈpɔrʃənətli drɔn frəm pur ənd məˈnɔrəti kəmˈjunɪtiz, ənd ɛz səʧ, ɪf ðeɪ voʊt æt ɔl, ðeɪ tɛnd tɪ lin ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə dɪˈsɪʒən baɪ ə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈgəvərnər ɔl ðə mɔr rɪˈmɑrkəbəl. bət ɪt læst lɔŋ. fɔr jɪrz ˈleɪtər, səkˈsɛsər ɛz ˈgəvərnər, ðə ti ˈpɑrti ˈfeɪvərɪt rɪk skɑt, meɪd ə pɔɪnt əv rɪˈvərsɪŋ ðə dɪˈsɪʒən. ðət kʊd pruv ˈkruʃəl ɔn 4 noʊˈvɛmbər fər ˈkænədɪts, nɑt list fər skɑt hɪmˈsɛlf, hu ɪz ɪn ə ˈbɪtər faɪt fər, wɪθ poʊlz ˈpʊtɪŋ ɪm wɪθ hɪz ˈʧælɪnʤər nən ˈəðər ðən ˈʧɑrli krɪst, naʊ ˈstændɪŋ ɛz ə ˈdɛməˌkræt. ðə skɑt ˈvərsəz krɪst reɪs ɪz pərˈhæps ðə moʊst ˈglɛrɪŋ ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ə ˈneɪʃənˈwaɪd trɛnd ðət ɪz ˈbɛrɪŋ daʊn ɔn ðə ˈmɪdˌtərm ɪˈlɛkʃənz, naʊ ʤɪst tu wiks əˈweɪ. ˈoʊvər ðə pæst fɔr jɪrz, rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈlidərz hæv ɪkˈspoʊzd ðɛmˈsɛlvz tɪ ðə ʧɑrʤ əv ˈkɑnflɪkt əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst baɪ ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ ə ræft əv riˈstrɪktɪv ˈvoʊtɪŋ rulz əˈkrɔs 22 steɪts, ˈpleɪsɪŋ ˈhərdəlz ɪn ðə weɪ əv ˈvoʊtərz, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli frəm ˈbækˌgraʊndz. lɔt əv ˈpipəl ər nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ voʊt ɪn ðɪs ɪˈlɛkʃən bɪˈkəz əv rɪk scott,”*,” sɛd ˈkæθərɪn culliton-gonzalez*, dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈvoʊtər prəˈtɛkʃən fər ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈreɪʃəl ˈʤəstɪs grup ðə ədˈvænsmənt ˈprɑʤɛkt. sin taɪm ənd taɪm əˈgɛn ˈɪnstənsɪz əv ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ðə ˈvoʊtɪŋ rulz fər ðɛr oʊn pəˈlɪtɪkəl geɪn. ˈsəmθɪŋ rɔŋ əˈbaʊt that.”*.” ə ˈrisəntli ˈpəblɪʃt ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˈpeɪpər rivˈjud ˈvoʊtər ˈaɪˈdi lɔz ˌɪntrəˈdust bɪtˈwin 2001 ənd 2012 ɪt faʊnd ə ˈstraɪkɪŋ ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən bɪtˈwin taɪt ɪˈlɛkʃənz ənd ðə ˈprɛvələns əv riˈstrɪkʃənz brɔt ɪn baɪ rɪˈpəblɪkənz. ðə ˌækəˈdɛmɪks keɪm əp wɪθ ə ˈstɑrtlɪŋ kənˈkluʒən, ðət ɪˈlɛkʃənz ər kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv, ðə ˈfərθərəns əv riˈstrɪktɪv ˈvoʊtər ˈaɪˈdi lɔz ɪz ə minz əv meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ rɪˈpəblɪkən səˈpɔrt waɪl kərˈteɪlɪŋ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ɪˈlɛktərəl gains”*”. ðə ənˈspoʊkən ˈpərpəs əv ðə rul ˈʧeɪnʤɪz, ðeɪ faʊnd, wɑz ˈmɑrʤənəli kərˈteɪl ðə pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən əv ˈvoʊtərz ˈtɪpɪkəli əˈlaɪnd wɪθ ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk party”*”. ɪˈlɪzəbɪθ ˈmæknəˌmɛrə, ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə lig əv ˈwɪmən ˈvoʊtərz, sɛd ðət ɛz hɛd əv ə nɑnˈpɑrtəzən ˈvoʊtɪŋ raɪts ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ʃi kʊd nɑt ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə ˈmoʊtɪvz əv ðoʊz ˈfreɪmɪŋ ðiz nu lɔz. bət, ʃi sɛd, ɪt wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəl ər nɑt, aɪ seɪ, bət ðiz lɔz ər kriˈeɪtɪŋ ˈkɑnflɪkts əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɛz ðeɪ ər pæst baɪ steɪt əˈfɪʃəlz hu ðɛn stænd fər ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈəndər ðə seɪm tərmz. wi ər ˈvɛri kənˈsərnd ðət ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ər ˌɪnərˈfɪrɪŋ wɪθ ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈprɑsɛsəz fər ˈhaɪli pəˈlɪtɪkəl purposes.”*.” fər ˈwɛndi ˈwaɪsər, hɛd əv ðə dɪˈmɑkrəsi ˈproʊˌgræm æt nu jɔrk ˈbrɛnən ˈsɛnər fər ˈʤəstɪs, səʧ ˈkɑnflɪkts əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst kən ˈoʊnli bi dɛlt wɪθ baɪ ðə kɔrts. ˈkrɪtɪkəli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt fər ðə ˈfɛrnəs əv ɑr ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈsɪstəm, ənd fər trəst ɪn ɪt, ðət kɔrts prɪˈvɛnt ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz hu hæv ə steɪk ɪn ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm ˈpʊʃɪŋ θru riˈstrɪkʃənz ðət prɪˈvɛnt ˈpipəl voting.”*.” əˈməŋ ðə taɪt ˈkɑntɛsts wɛr riˈstrɪktɪv ˈvoʊtɪŋ lɔz wɪl bi ɪn pleɪs ɔn 4 noʊˈvɛmbər ˈhævɪŋ bɪn ˌɪntrəˈdust ər səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz hu stænd tɪ ˈbɛnəfɪt ˈpərsənəli frəm ðɛm ər: nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə, ˈjuˈɛs ˈsɛnɪt reɪs ˌɪnˈkəmbənt ˈsɛnətər keɪ ˈheɪgən, ə ˈdɛməˌkræt, ɪz ɪn ə kloʊz reɪs wɪθ rɪˈpəblɪkən tɑm ˈtɪlɪs (ʃi lidz ɪm 48 tɪ 43 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈhəfɪŋtən poʊl), ənd ˈkɑmənˌteɪtərz hæv səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ðə rɪˈzəlt meɪ ˈpɪvət ɔn ðə ˈtərˌnaʊt əv ðə ˈæfrɪkɑn əˈmɛrɪkən voʊt. ˈtɪlɪs ɪz ˈspikər əv nɔrθ haʊs əv ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz ənd ɪn ðət roʊl wɑz ə ki ˈɑrkəˌtɛkt əv 589 ə nu lɔ ðət θroʊz ˈsɛvərəl ˈɑbstəkəlz ɪn ðə weɪ əv ˈvoʊtərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə ˈwɪtlɪŋ daʊn əv ˈərli ˈvoʊtɪŋ deɪz, ən ɛnd tɪ ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər tɪ voʊt ənd kæst ə ˈbælət ɔn ðə seɪm deɪ, ənd ə ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən ɔn ˈvoʊtɪŋ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd hoʊm ˈpriˌsɪŋkt. ɔl ðoʊz fɔrmz əv ˈvoʊtɪŋ ˈərli, same-day*, ənd ər əˈspɛʃəli ˈpɑpjələr əˈməŋ ˈæfrɪkɑn əˈmɛrɪkənz. ðə ˈgɑrdiən æst ˈɔfəs tɪ rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ðə kˈwɛʃən əv ˈkɑnflɪkt əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst, bət ðɛr wɑz noʊ ˌɪˈmiˌdiət rɪˈplaɪ. ˈkænzəs, ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt reɪs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt krɪs ɪz ɪn ə ˈstrəgəl fər əˈgɛnst ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈʧælɪnʤər ʤin. ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən wɪl bi hɛld ˈəndər ə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl nu lɔ ˌpaɪəˈnɪrd baɪ hɪmˈsɛlf ðət ˈifɛktɪvli strɪps ðə raɪt tɪ voʊt ɪn steɪt ɪˈlɛkʃənz frəm ˈɛniˌwən əˈneɪbəl tɪ ˈproʊdus pruf əv ðɛr ˈjuˈɛs ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp. ˈɔfəs dɪd nɑt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ˈgɑrdiən kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ə ˈpɑsəbəl ˈkɑnflɪkt əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst. bət ɪt dɪd tɛl ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz ˈrisəntli ðət ˈkænzənz moʊst əv hum ər ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi baɪ dɪnt əv ðɛr ˈhævɪŋ bɪn ˈɪməgrənts wər ɪn ə steɪt əv ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈlɪmboʊ ˈhævɪŋ feɪld tɪ nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪt ðə nu ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp ˈhərdəl pleɪst ɪn ðɛr weɪ baɪ hɪmˈsɛlf. ˈloʊkəl poʊlz pʊt əˈhɛd, bət baɪ ˈoʊnli ə stəˈtɪstɪkəli ˌɪməˈtɪriəl 3 wɪˈskɑnsən, reɪs ˌɪnˈkəmbənt rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈgəvərnər skɑt ˈwɔkər saɪnd ə nu lɔ ðət dɪˈmændz ə strɪkt fɔrm əv ˈfoʊˌtoʊ aɪˌdɛntəfəˈkeɪʃən æt ˈpoʊlɪŋ ˈsteɪʃənz. əˈbaʊt ˈrɛʤɪstərd ˈvoʊtərz ɪn ðə steɪt ˈkərəntli du nɑt mit ðə rɪkˈwaɪrmənt ə səbˈstænʃəl ˈnəmbər ˈgɪvɪn ðə reɪs ðət ˈwɔkər hɪmˈsɛlf ɪz lɑkt ɪn 48 tɪ hɪz ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk 47 ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ ðə ˈjuˈɛs səˈprim kɔrt blɑkt ðə nu lɔ. bət ˈvoʊtɪŋ raɪts ˈɛkspərts fɪr ðət ðə kənfˈjuʒən sərˈaʊndɪŋ ðə ˌtɛmpərˈɛrəli ˈfroʊzən nu rulz wɪl stɪl ækt ɛz ə səˈprɛsənt ɔn ɪˈlɛkʃən deɪ. ˈʤɔrʤə, reɪs ˈsɪtɪŋ rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈgəvərnər ˈneɪθən dil 47 ɪz ˈbɛrli əˈhɛd əv ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk kənˈtɛndər ˈʤeɪsən ˈkɑrtər, ˈfɔrmər ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈʤɪmi ˈgrændˌsən 43 dil əˈpruvd ɪn 2011 ə rɪˈdəkʃən ɪn ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈərli ˈvoʊtɪŋ deɪz ənd riˈstrɪkʃənz tɪ ˈvoʊtər ˌrɛʤɪˈstreɪʃən draɪvz. ˈtɛksəs, reɪs rɪˈpəblɪkən grɛg ˈæbət ɪz ˈbætəlɪŋ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈkænədɪt ˈwɛndi ˈdeɪvɪs fər ðə ʧɛr. ˈhəfɪŋtən poʊl pʊts ˈæbət ˈkəmfərtəbli əˈhɛd æt 51 tɪ 39 bət ɪf ðə reɪs wər kloʊz ɪˈnəf ðət ðə nu ˈvoʊtər ˈaɪˈdi lɔ, wən əv ðə ˈtəfəst ɪn ðə ˈkəntri, maɪt hæv hæd səm ˈifɛkt, ɪt wʊd hæv bɪn du tɪ ˈɛfərts dɪˈfɛndɪŋ ɪt ɪn hɪz roʊl ɛz ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl. ðə səˈprim kɔrt ruld ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ðət ðə lɔ, wɪʧ ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪz ˈrɪʤɪd rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ɔn ˈvoʊtərz, kən goʊ əˈhɛd ɪn ðɪs ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈsaɪkəl. ðə nu kənˈdɪʃənz wɪl ˌɪmˈpækt ɔl ˈfɛdərəl ənd steɪt ɪˈlɛkʃənz ɪn ˈtɛksəs, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ oʊn. ɪn ən ˈərliər ˈrulɪŋ, ˈfɛdərəl ʤəʤ gɑnˈzɑləs ˈrɑmoʊs hæd ˈnoʊtɪd ðət mɔr ðən ˈrɛʤɪstərd ˈvoʊtərz ɪn ˈtɛksəs wər ˈvəlnərəbəl tɪ ˈluzɪŋ ðɛr voʊt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ lækt ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ aɪˌdɛntəfəˈkeɪʃən ˈmænˌdeɪtɪd baɪ ðə nu lɔ. əv ðoʊz, ə ˌdɪsprəˈpɔrʃənɪt ˈnəmbər, ðə ʤəʤ faʊnd, wər ˈæfrɪkɑn əˈmɛrɪkən ənd hɪˈspænɪk grups ðət ˈvoʊtɪd ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk (baɪ 93 ənd 71 rɪˈspɛktɪvli, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈɛksət poʊlz) ɪn 2012
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legislatures across us have placed hurdles to many would-be voters who would tend to cast their ballot for democrats
in 2007 charlie crist, the then republican governor of florida, astonished political friend and foe alike by putting a stop to what he saw as the state’s iniquitous practice of withholding the vote from released prisoners. he announced that non-violent former felons who had done their time would automatically have their right to vote restored to them.
it was no small affair. in florida, 1.3 million people have prior felony convictions, making this a very sizeable chunk of a total eligible electorate of 11 million. former felons are disproportionately drawn from poor and minority communities, and as such, if they vote at all, they tend to lean democratic, making the decision by a republican governor all the more remarkable.
but it didn’t last long. four years later, crist’s successor as governor, the tea party favourite rick scott, made a point of reversing the decision.
that could prove crucial on 4 november for florida’s gop candidates, not least for scott himself, who is in a bitter fight for re-election, with polls putting him neck-and-neck with his challenger – none other than charlie crist, now standing as a democrat.
the scott versus crist race is perhaps the most glaring example of a nationwide trend that is bearing down on the midterm elections, now just two weeks away. over the past four years, republican leaders have exposed themselves to the charge of conflict of interest by introducing a raft of restrictive voting rules across 22 states, placing hurdles in the way of would-be voters, particularly from democratic-leaning backgrounds.
“a lot of people are not going to be able to vote in this election because of rick scott,” said katherine culliton-gonzalez, director of voter protection for the national racial justice group the advancement project. “we’ve seen time and time again instances of politicians implementing changes to the voting rules for their own political gain. there’s something wrong about that.”
a recently published academic paper reviewed voter id laws introduced between 2001 and 2012. it found a striking correlation between tight elections and the prevalence of voter-id restrictions brought in by republicans.
the academics came up with a startling conclusion, that “where elections are competitive, the furtherance of restrictive voter id laws is a means of maintaining republican support while curtailing democratic electoral gains”. the unspoken purpose of the rule changes, they found, was “to marginally curtail the participation of voters typically aligned with the democratic party”.
elisabeth macnamara, president of the league of women voters, said that as head of a non-partisan voting rights organization she could not comment on the motives of those framing these new laws. but, she said, “whether it was intentional or not, i can’t say, but these laws are creating conflicts of interest as they are passed by state officials who then stand for election under the same terms. we are very concerned that politicians are interfering with electoral processes for highly political purposes.”
for wendy weiser, head of the democracy program at new york university’s brennan center for justice, such conflicts of interest can only be dealt with by the courts. “it’s critically important for the fairness of our democratic system, and for people’s trust in it, that courts prevent politicians who have a stake in the outcome pushing through restrictions that prevent people voting.”
among the tight contests where restrictive voting laws will be in place on 4 november having been introduced or supported by republican politicians who stand to benefit personally from them are:
north carolina, us senate race
incumbent senator kay hagan, a democrat, is in a close race with republican thom tillis (she leads him 48% to 43%, according to the huffington post’s poll aggregator), and commentators have suggested that the result may pivot on the turnout of the african american vote.
tillis is speaker of north carolina’s house of representatives and in that role was a key architect of hb 589, a new law that throws several obstacles in the way of voters, including a whittling down of early voting days, an end to the ability to register to vote and cast a ballot on the same day, and a prohibition on voting outside one’s home precinct. all those forms of voting – early, same-day, and out-of-precinct – are especially popular among democratic-leaning african americans.
the guardian asked tillis’s office to respond to the question of conflict of interest, but there was no immediate reply.
kansas, secretary of state race
secretary of state kris kobach is in a tooth-and-nail struggle for re-election against democratic challenger jean schodorf. the election will be held under a controversial new law – pioneered by kobach himself – that effectively strips the right to vote in state elections from anyone unable to produce proof of their us citizenship.
kobach’s office did not immediately respond to guardian questions about a possible conflict of interest. but it did tell the new york times recently that 22,000 kansans – most of whom are likely to be democratic-leaning by dint of their having been immigrants – were in a state of electoral limbo having failed to negotiate the new citizenship hurdle placed in their way by kobach himself.
local polls put schodorf ahead, but by only a statistically immaterial 3%.
wisconsin, governor’s race
incumbent republican governor scott walker signed a new voter-id law that demands a strict form of photo identification at polling stations. about 300,000 registered voters in the state currently do not meet the requirement – a substantial number given the whistle-tight race that walker himself is locked in (48% to his democratic challenger’s 47%).
earlier this month the us supreme court blocked the new law. but voting rights experts fear that the confusion surrounding the temporarily frozen new rules will still act as a suppressant on election day.
georgia, governor’s race
sitting republican governor nathan deal (47%) is barely ahead of democratic contender jason carter, former president jimmy carter’s grandson (43%). deal approved in 2011 a reduction in the number of early voting days and restrictions to voter registration drives.
texas, governor’s race
republican greg abbott is battling democratic candidate wendy davis for the governor’s chair. huffington post’s poll aggregator puts abbott comfortably ahead at 51% to davis’s 39%, but if the race were close enough that the state’s new voter id law, one of the toughest in the country, might have had some effect, it would have been due to abbott’s efforts defending it in his role as the state’s attorney general.
the supreme court ruled on saturday that the law, which imposes rigid photo-identification requirements on would-be voters, can go ahead in this year’s election cycle. the new conditions will impact all federal and state elections in texas, including abbott’s own.
in an earlier ruling, federal judge nelva gonzales ramos had noted that more than 600,000 registered voters in texas were vulnerable to losing their vote because they lacked the photo identification mandated by the new law. of those, a disproportionate number, the judge found, were african american and hispanic – groups that voted overwhelmingly democratic (by 93% and 71% respectively, according to exit polls) in 2012.
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ɑr ˈstədi ɪz ðə fərst ðət əˈtɛmpts tɪ dɪˈsoʊsieɪt ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt əv dɪˈstɪŋkt ɪn ˈkænəbəs juz ənd dɪˈpɛndəns. wi faʊnd ə rɪˈdəkʃən ɪn, ənd ˈtoʊtəl ˈvɑljum kənˈfaɪnd tɪ ˈjuzərz ˈrɛlətɪv tɪ boʊθ ənd ˈjuzərz. ənd ˈjuzərz dɪd nɑt ˈdɪfər sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ɪn ˈvɑljumz ər ˈtoʊtəl. ðɪs ˈfaɪndɪŋ ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ ˈmɛni ˈəðər ˈstədiz ɪn ˈrɛgjələr ˈkænəbəs ˈjuzərz ðət hæv ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ˈvɑljum rɪˈdəkʃən (lɔrɛnˈzɛti ɛt æl. 2015 ɛt æl. 2016 bət ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfərðər səˈʤɛsts ðət rɪˈdust ˈvɑljum ɪz ˈdrɪvən baɪ ər kənˈfaɪnd tɪ ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ənd tɪ dɪˈpɛndənt ˈjuzərz. ðɪs meɪ əˈkaʊnt fər dɪˈvərʤənt ˈfaɪndɪŋz wɛrˈbaɪ səm ˈstədiz hæv hæd lɛs dɪˈpɛndənt ˈjuzərz feɪl tɪ ʃoʊ rɪˈdust ˈvɑljum ɪn ˈkænəbəs ˈjuzərz (lɔrɛnˈzɛti ɛt æl. 2016c*; ˈwaɪlənd ɛt æl. 2015 ɛt æl. 2015 ɪkˈsplɔrəˌtɔri rəˈgrɛʃən æˈnælɪsɪs ˈfərðər ˈkænəbəs ˈifɛkts ɔn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs. rɪˈdust raɪt ənd ˈvɑljumz wər əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm ˈkænəbəs ˈdoʊsɪʤ ɪn dɪˈpɛndənt ˈjuzərz ˈoʊnli. dɪˈpɛndəns ɪn ˈjuzərz ˈɪndɛksɪz juz, əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ˈnɛgətɪv ˈmɛntəl ənd ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz, ˈrəðər ðən kˈwɑntəti əv juz pər seɪ (piˈoʊntɛk ɛt æl. 2008 wi ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪzd dɪˈpɛndəns ɪn ɑr ˈstədi beɪst ɔn ˈskɔrɪŋ (i.e*., wɪθ ə əv 4 ənd əˈbəv ɛz dɪˈpɛndənt) ɔn ə skeɪl əv haʊ ““out-of-control”*” ˈjuzərz bɪˈliv ðɛr ˈkænəbəs juz tɪ bi ənd ˈwɛðər ðeɪ ɪgˈzɪbɪt ˈdɪfɪˌkəltiz ˈstɑpɪŋ ər ˈwəri əˈbaʊt goʊɪŋ wɪˈθaʊt ˈkænəbəs ɛt æl. 1995 ɑr ənd grups ˈdɪfərd ˈoʊnli ɪn ˈmənθli ˈkænəbəs juz ənd nɑt ɪn ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm ɪkˈspoʊʒər ər eɪʤ əv ˈɔnˌsɛt əv juz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈkɑrənt ˈmənθli ˈkænəbəs juz dɪd nɑt prɪˈdɪkt ˈvɑljumz ɪn ðə ˈməltəpəl rəˈgrɛʃən æˈnælɪsɪs, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ˈrisənt ˈlɛvəl əv juz tɪ hæv ə ˈmɪnəməl ˈɪnfluəns ɔn ˈvɑljum. ˈpriviəs ˈstədiz hæv nɪˈglɛktɪd tɪ kənˈsɪdər dɪˈpɛndəns ɪn ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ hɑrmz, ənd ɛz səʧ, ðɪs ˈifɛkt həz gɔn ənˈnoʊtɪst. ɪn fˈjuʧər, aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪɪŋ ˈjuzərz wɪθ dɪˈpɛndənt ˈsɪmptəmz wɪl bi ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, ɪn boʊθ ˈrisərʧ ənd ˈklɪnɪkəl ˈsɛtɪŋz, tɪ əˈlaʊ fər mɔr ˈtɑrgətɪd ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən. waɪl ðə ɪz ən ˈifɛktɪv ˈskrinɪŋ ˈɪnstrəmənt əˈgɛnst ˈkænəbəs dɪˈpɛndəns (piˈoʊntɛk ɛt æl. 2008 ɪt ʃʊd bi kənˈsɪdərd ɪn ˈæˌʤəŋkt tɪ mɔr ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ˌdaɪəgˈnɑstɪk ənd ˈvæləˌdeɪtɪŋ kraɪˈtɪriə ɪn fˈjuʧər tɪ ˈifɛktɪvli ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ˈprɑbləmz ɪn ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ɑr rɪˈzəlts səˈʤɛst ðət ˈkænəbəs dɪˈpɛndəns ɪz ki ɪn ˈvɑljum ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz. ˈsɪmptəm skɔrz ənd ˈgloʊbəl ˈfəŋkʃənɪŋ (gæf, bdi*, stai-t*, keɪp ˈweɪtɪd ˈfrikwənsi (bɛk ɛt æl. 1961 hɔl 1995 ɛt æl. 2006 ˈspilbərgər 2010 dɪd nɑt ˈɪnfluəns ˈvɑljumz (ˌsəpləˈmɛntəˌri fɪg. 1 waɪl ˈaɪˈkju wɑz ˈpɑzətɪvli əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ lɛft ənd ˈvɑljumz, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət boʊθ ˈgreɪtər dɪˈpɛndəns ənd loʊər ˈaɪˈkju ər əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ sˈmɔlər, ɪt wɑz ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs əˈkaʊntɪd fər ɛz ɪn ðə grup æˈnælɪˌsiz, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ðə lɪŋk bɪtˈwin ˈkænəbəs dɪˈpɛndəns ənd sˈmɔlər ɪz roʊˈbəst ənd spɪˈsɪfɪk. ðə ˌspɛsəˈfɪsəti əv ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt əv ənd ɪn ˈkænəbəs dɪˈpɛndəns ɪz ˈfərðərˌmɔr əv ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns ɛz ˈænəˌlaɪzɪŋ spɪˈsɪfɪk meɪ bi ə ˈjusfəl minz tɪ dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ ðə ˌdɪfərˈɛnʃəl ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt əv ˈvɛriəs ˈsəbstənsɪz əv əˈbjuz ɔn mɔrˈfɑləʤi. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ə ˈpriviəs ˈstədi ɔn ˈvɑljum ɪn ˈkrɑnɪk ˌsɪgəˈrɛt sˈmoʊkərz ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ðət kˈwɑntəti əv ˌsɪgəˈrɛts smoʊkt ənd təˈbæˌkoʊ dɪˈpɛndəns wər əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ sˈmɔlər ənd ɛt æl. 2013 wi əˈdrɛst ðə ˈɪnfluəns əv təˈbæˌkoʊ juz ɪn ɑr ˌsəpləˈmɛntəˌri məˈtɪriəl 1 ənd ˈoʊnli faʊnd ə wik ˈpɑzətɪv ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən bɪtˈwin ˈvɑljum ənd ˈmənθli təˈbæˌkoʊ juz. ɑr ənd ˈjuzərz wər əˈdɪʃəˌnəli mæʧt baɪ ˈlɛvəl əv təˈbæˌkoʊ juz (pi 33 ˈmɪnəˌmaɪzɪŋ ɪts kənˈfaʊndɪŋ ˈɪnfluəns ɔn əbˈzərvd ənd ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz. ðɪs ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən əˈgriz wɪθ ə ˈpriviəs ˈstədi ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪŋ noʊ sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ˈkænəbəs ˈjuzərz wɪθ ˈmɪnəməl təˈbæˌkoʊ juz ənd ˈjuzərz hu juzd boʊθ ˈkænəbəs ənd təˈbæˌkoʊ ɛt æl. 2015 ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈstədi ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ən ˈifɛkt əv ˈkænəbəs ənd tobacco”*” juz ɔn ˈmɛməri pərˈfɔrməns ɛt æl. 2015 ɛz səʧ, dɪˈspaɪt noʊ əbˈzərvəbəl ˈstrəkʧərəl ˈdɪfərənsɪz, fˈjuʧər ˈstədiz ʃʊd stɪl kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfəŋkʃənəl ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv kəmˈbaɪnd ˈkænəbəs ənd təˈbæˌkoʊ juz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈjutəˌlaɪz æˈnælɪˌsiz ɛz ə mɔr əˈproʊʧ tɪ dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃɪŋ ðə ˈifɛkts əv ˈsəbstənsɪz əv əˈbjuz ɔn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs. ɑr rɪˈzəlts ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪd ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈmɑdərˌeɪtərz tɪ ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz. ˈfərstli, ðə əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən bɪtˈwin ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm ˈkænəbəs juz ənd rɪˈdust ənd ˈvɑljumz ɪn ðə grup wɑz kənˈfaɪnd tɪ ðə raɪt, bət nɑt lɛft ˈhɛmɪsˌfɪr. ðɪs meɪ bi du tɪ ðə dɪˈstɪŋkt ʤin ɪkˈsprɛʃən ˈpætərn ɪn ðə raɪt ənd lɛft ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ˈnɛsəˌsɛri fər ðə ˈfəŋkʃənəl dɪˈvɪʒən əv ˈmɛməri ˈprɑsɛsəz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðə raɪt ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ɪz səˈʤɛstɪd tɪ bi ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈspeɪʃəl ˈmɛməri, waɪl ðə lɛft ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ɪz mɔr ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˈmɛməri (ˈbərʤəs ɛt æl. 2002 ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ðɛr ɪz ə trɛnd təˈwɔrdz ə ˈvɑljum ɪn ˈnɔrməl ˈædəlts (peɪˈdrɑzə ɛt æl. 2004 wɪʧ meɪ rɪˈzəlt ɪn ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz ɪn ðə raɪt ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs biɪŋ mɔr əˈpɛrənt. ˈvɛriəs ˈəðər ˈstədiz hæv əbˈzərvd ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ˈkænəbəs juz, ˈwɛðər ɪn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ər ˈəðər breɪn ˈriʤənz ɛt æl. 2008 ɛt æl. 2011 ɛt æl. 2012 smɪθ ɛt æl. 2015 ɛt æl. 2016 ɪn səm, ðə ˈstədiz ˈhaɪˌlaɪt ðə nid tɪ kənˈsɪdər ˌæbərˈeɪʃənz ɪn ˌhɛməsˈfɪrɪk ˌeɪˈsɪmətri ɛz ə ˈkɑnsəkwəns əv ˈkænəbəs dɪˈpɛndəns. wi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnoʊtɪst ˈdɪfərənsɪz, ɪn wɪʧ ənd wər sˈmɔlər ɪn ˈfiˌmeɪlz ɛz kəmˈpɛrd tɪ meɪlz. ðɪs ɪz ənsərˈpraɪzɪŋ ɛz sɛks ˈhɔrˌmoʊnz hæv bɪn ʃoʊn tɪ ˈɪnfluəns ɪkˈsprɛʃən (rib ɛt æl. 2010 ənd meɪlz ənd ˈfiˌmeɪlz du ɪgˈzɪbɪt ˈdɪfərənt ˌlɑnʤəˈtudənəl əv ˈvɑljum ʧeɪnʤ ˈdʊrɪŋ ˌædəˈlɛsənt (səˈzuki ɛt æl. 2005 ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈʤɛndər ˈdɪfərənsɪz dɪd nɑt ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz, ənd ɑr,, ənd grups wər wɛl mæʧt baɪ ˈʤɛndər, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ˈʤɛndər dɪd nɑt ˈkɑnˌfaʊnd ðə əbˈzərvd ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz. ɑr ˈfaɪndɪŋ əv sˈmɔlər ˈvɑljumz spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ðə ənd ɪn ˈjuzərz ɪz ˈrɛləvənt tɪ ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ðə ˈfəŋkʃənəl ˌɪmˈpɛrmənt ɪn ˈkrɑnɪk ˈkænəbəs ˈjuzərz. ðə ˈfɑloʊ ə ˈwənˈweɪ ˈpæθˌweɪ, frəm ðə ˈkɔrtɛks, θru tɪ ðə, ənd ðɛn ðə, wɪθ iʧ ˈriʤən ˈsərvɪŋ ə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈfəŋkʃən ɪn ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ pæθ (ɑmɑˈræl ənd ˈwɪtər 1989 ˈgɪlbərt ənd 2009 ðə ənd ər ˈkrɪtɪkəl tɪ səˈpɔrt ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən, ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ, ənd rɪˈtrivəl əv ɪˈvɛnts, əˈlaʊɪŋ ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs tɪ mɔr ɪˈfɪʃəntli ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ˈmɛməri (ˈkɛsnər 2007 ˈnoʊtəbli, ˈmɛməri ˌɪmˈpɛrmənt ɪz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈfrikwɛntli əbˈzərvd ˈprɑbləmz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ˈhɛvi ənd pərˈsɪstənt ˈkænəbəs juz ɛt æl. 2016 wɪʧ meɪ bi baɪ ˈvɑljum ˈdɛfɪsɪts ɪn ənd spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ˈkrɑnɪk dɪˈpɛndənt ˈkænəbəs ˈjuzərz. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, ðə ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər saɪt fər ˈædəlt, wɪʧ ɪz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt nu ˈnʊrɑnz ðət ˈɪnəˌgreɪt ˈɪntu ˈnʊrəl ˈnɛtˌwərks baɪ ˈsɛndɪŋ prɑˈʤɛkʃənz tɪ ðə (ˈʧeɪmbərz 2013 ðɪs ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪtɪd ɪn fəˈsɪləˌteɪtɪŋ nu ˈmɛməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən 2002 ɛt æl. 2004 ənd ɪz səˈprɛst baɪ ɪkˈspoʊʒər tɪ əˈdɪktɪv ˈsəbstənsɪz (e.g*., ˈoʊpiəts, ˈnɪkəˌtin, ənd koʊˈkeɪn) (ˈʧeɪmbərz 2013 ɛz səʧ, ˈɔltərd ˈvɑljum ɪn ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz meɪ bi ˈmidiˌeɪtɪd baɪ ˌɪmˈpɛrd. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ noʊt ðət ˈɛvədəns ɔn ðə ˈifɛkt əv ɔn həz bɪn ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt, wɪθ ˈfaɪndɪŋz əv rɪˈdust, ˌɪnˈkrist, ər noʊ ʧeɪnʤ ɪn wɪn ər ədˈmɪnɪstərd ɪn ˈænəməl ˈstədiz (ʤɑŋ ɛt æl. 2005 ˈkɑkmən ɛt æl. 2006 ɛt æl. 2010 ɛt æl. 2016 ðɪs meɪ bi du tɪ ðə vərˈaɪəti əv juzd ɪn ðiz ˈstədiz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ sɪnˈθɛtɪk (ʤɑŋ ɛt æl. 2005 ɛt æl. 2010 ənd (ˈkɑkmən ɛt æl. 2006 ənd (cbd*) ɛt æl. 2016. əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst, ɪz səˈʤɛstɪd tɪ bi ənd meɪ bi prəˈtɛktɪv əˈgɛnst ðə ˈifɛkt əv ɔn ðə breɪn ənd ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ɛt æl. 2011 ɛt æl. 2016 ˈfərðər ˈstədiz ər ˈwɔrəntɪd tɪ tɛst ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt əv ɪn ˈkænəbəs dɪˈpɛndəns, wɪθ ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr əˈtɛnʃən tɪ taɪps əv ˈkɑmpaʊnd, ənd meɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ˈθɛrəpiz (e.g*., ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ɛt æl. 2016 tɪ hɛlp trit ˈkænəbəs dɪˈpɛndəns. ðɛr ər ˈsɛvərəl pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz tɪ ɑr ˈstədi. ˈfərstli, wi ər əˈneɪbəl tɪ ˈpɑrʃəl aʊt ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz ðət ər ˈʤɛnərəl əˈkrɔs ˈsəbstənsɪz ˈvərsəz ðoʊz ðət ər spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ˈkænəbəs dɪˈpɛndəns. wi dɪd nɑt juz ðə skeɪl tɪ kˈwɑntɪˌfaɪ ˈəðər ˈsəbstəns (i.e*., təˈbæˌkoʊ ər ˈælkəˌhɑl) dɪˈpɛndəns. ˈminˌwaɪl, ˈælkəˌhɑl dɪˈpɛndəns ɛz əˈsɛst baɪ ˈɔdɪt (ˈsɔndərz ɛt æl. 1993 wɑz wɛl mæʧt əˈkrɔs ðə grup. ˈgɪvɪn ðət meɪ spæn əˈkrɔs ˈdɪfərənt ˈsəbstənsɪz (kub ənd 2010 fˈjuʧər ˈstədiz ʃʊd ɪgˈzæmɪn ðə dɪˈstɪŋkt ənd ˌɪnərˈæktɪv ˈifɛkt əv ˈvɛriəs ˈsəbstənsɪz ɪn ˌɪnˈfɔrmɪŋ neuroalterations*. ˈsɛkəndli, wi ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðə ˈpɑsəbəl ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ˈækjərəsi əv ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd ˈælgərˌɪðəm ɪn ðə ˈdɪfərənt subfields*. væn ɛt æl. 2009 ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd gʊd daɪs ˌsɪməˈlɛrəti ˌkoʊəˈfɪʃənt ənd ənd ənd ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən ɑr 91 pi 0002, ɑr 83 pi 0028, ɑr 60 pi 066 ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən ˈdætə nɑt prəˈvaɪdɪd fər ənd bɪtˈwin ðə ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd ˈmɛθəd ənd goʊld ˈstændərd ˈmænjuəl ˌsɛgmənˈteɪʃən. ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, ðə ˌvɛriˈeɪʃən ɪn ˈækjərəsi wɪn ˈlɑrʤər ˈstrəkʧərz səʧ ɛz ənd, ˈvərsəz sˈmɔlər ˈstrəkʧərz səʧ ɛz meɪ rɪˈzəlt ɪn ˌdɪfərˈɛnʃəl ˌsɛnsɪˈtɪvɪti ɪn dɪˈtɛktɪŋ ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ðiz ˈriʤənz. ˈfaɪnəli, ɑr ˈstədi ˈsæmpəl wɑz əˈnivən, wɪθ 39 ˈjuzərz ənd 22 ˈjuzərz. waɪl wi dɪd nɑt faɪnd ən əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən bɪtˈwin juz ˈvɛriəbəlz ənd ˈvɑljumz ɪn ðə ˈjuzərz, ðə məʧ sˈmɔlər ˈsæmpəl saɪz əv ðə ˈjuzərz meɪ hæv ˈlɪmɪtɪd ɑr əˈbɪləˌti tɪ dɪˈtɛkt ə stəˈtɪstɪkəli sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈifɛkt. fˈjuʧər ˈstədiz ʃʊd əˈtɛmpt tɪ ˌriprəˈdus ɑr ˈifɛkt ɪn ˈlɑrʤər ˈsæmpəlz. tɪ kənˈklud, ɑr ˈstədi ɪkˈstɛndz ɔn ˈpriviəs ˈfaɪndɪŋz əv ˌɔltərˈeɪʃən ɪn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ɪn ˈkænəbəs ˈjuzərz tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə mɔr əˈproʊʧ tɪ ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ˈriʤənəl- ənd ˌɪnərˈækʃənz. wi ʃoʊ ðət ˌɔltərˈeɪʃən ɪn ˈkænəbəs ˈjuzərz meɪ bi spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ðə ˈsiˈeɪ ənd ˈriʤənz ənd kənˈfaɪnd tɪ dɪˈpɛndənt ˈjuzərz. ˈfərðər ˈstədiz ʃʊd ɪkˈsplɔr ðə ˈfəŋkʃənəl ənd bɪˈheɪvjərəl ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz əv ðiz ˈifɛkts.
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our study is the first that attempts to dissociate the involvement of distinct hippocampal subregions in cannabis use and dependence. we found a reduction in hippocampal ca1, ca2/3, ca4/dg, and total hippocampal gm volume confined to cb-dep users relative to both hc and cb-nondep users. hc and cb-nondep users did not differ significantly in hippocampal subregional volumes or total gm. this finding is not only consistent with many other studies in regular cannabis users that have demonstrated hippocampal volume reduction (lorenzetti et al. 2015; yücel et al. 2016) but also further suggests that reduced volume is driven by or confined to particular subregions and to dependent users. this may account for divergent findings whereby some studies have had less dependent users fail to show reduced hippocampal volume in cannabis users (lorenzetti et al. 2016c; weiland et al. 2015; mashhoon et al. 2015). exploratory regression analysis further explicates cannabis effects on the hippocampus. reduced right ca2/3 and ca4/dg subregional volumes were associated with lifetime cannabis dosage in dependent users only.
dependence in cb users indexes out-of-control use, associated with negative mental and physical consequences, rather than quantity of use per se (piontek et al. 2008). we characterized dependence in our study based on sds scoring (i.e., with a cut-off of 4 and above as dependent) on a scale of how “out-of-control” users believe their cannabis use to be and whether they exhibit difficulties stopping or worry about going without cannabis (gossop et al. 1995). our cb-dep and cb-nondep groups differed only in monthly cannabis use and not in lifetime exposure or age of onset of use. however, current monthly cannabis use did not predict hippocampal subregional volumes in the multiple regression analysis, suggesting recent level of use to have a minimal influence on hippocampal volume. previous studies have neglected to consider dependence in examining cannabis-related harms, and as such, this dependence-specific effect has gone unnoticed. in future, identifying users with dependent symptoms will be important, in both research and clinical settings, to allow for more targeted intervention. while the sds is an effective screening instrument against cannabis dependence (piontek et al. 2008), it should be considered in adjunct to more extensive diagnostic and validating criteria in future to effectively represent cannabis-related problems in the population.
our results suggest that cannabis dependence is key in hippocampal subregion volume alterations. psychopathology symptom scores and global functioning (gaf, bdi, stai-t, cape weighted frequency (beck et al. 1961; hall 1995; konings et al. 2006; spielberger 2010)) did not influence hippocampal subregional volumes (supplementary fig. 1). while iq was positively associated with left ca2/3 and ca4/dg volumes, suggesting that both greater dependence and lower iq are associated with smaller hippocampal subregions, it was nevertheless accounted for as covariate in the group analyses, suggesting that the link between cannabis dependence and smaller hippocampal subregions is robust and specific. the specificity of the involvement of ca2/3 and ca4/dg subregions in cannabis dependence is furthermore of importance as analyzing specific hippocampal subregions may be a useful means to distinguish the differential involvement of various substances of abuse on hippocampal morphology. for example, a previous study on hippocampal subregion volume in chronic cigarette smokers demonstrated that quantity of cigarettes smoked and tobacco dependence were associated with smaller subiculum and presubiculum (durazzo et al. 2013). we addressed the influence of tobacco use in our supplementary material 1 and only found a weak positive correlation between subiculum volume and monthly tobacco use. our cb-nondep and cb-dep users were additionally matched by level of tobacco use (p = .33), minimizing its confounding influence on observed dependence-specific ca2/3 and ca4/dg alterations. this observation agrees with a previous study demonstrating no significant hippocampal volumetric difference between cannabis users with minimal tobacco use and users who used both cannabis and tobacco (filbey et al. 2015). however, the study demonstrated an effect of “combined cannabis and tobacco” use on memory performance (filbey et al. 2015). as such, despite no observable structural differences, future studies should still consider the functional consequences of combined cannabis and tobacco use, as well as utilize hippocampal subregional analyses as a more fine-grained approach to distinguishing the dependence-specific effects of substances of abuse on the hippocampus.
our results highlighted a number of moderators to hippocampal alterations. firstly, the association between lifetime cannabis use and reduced ca2/3 and ca4/dg subregional volumes in the cb-dep group was confined to the right, but not left hemisphere. this may be due to the distinct gene expression pattern in the right and left hippocampus necessary for the functional division of memory processes. for example, the right hippocampus is suggested to be involved in spatial memory, while the left hippocampus is more involved in episodic memory (burgess et al. 2002). furthermore, there is a trend towards a right>left hippocampal volume in normal adults (pedraza et al. 2004), which may result in alterations in the right hippocampus being more apparent. various other studies have observed hemisphere-specific alterations associated with cannabis use, whether in the hippocampus or other brain regions (yücel et al. 2008; demirakca et al. 2011; cousijn et al. 2012; smith et al. 2015; koenders et al. 2016). in sum, the studies highlight the need to consider aberrations in hemispheric asymmetry as a consequence of cannabis dependence. we also noticed gender-related differences, in which ca2/3 and ca4/dg were smaller in females as compared to males. this is unsurprising as sex hormones have been shown to influence cb1r expression (riebe et al. 2010), and males and females do exhibit different longitudinal trajectories of hippocampal volume change during adolescent neurodevelopment (suzuki et al. 2005). however, gender differences did not interact with cannabis-dependence-related alterations, and our hc, cb-dep, and cb-nondep groups were well matched by gender, suggesting that gender did not confound the observed dependence-specific alterations.
our finding of smaller hippocampal volumes specific to the subregions ca1, ca2/3, and ca4/dg in cb-dep users is relevant to understanding the functional impairment in chronic cannabis users. the hippocampal subregions follow a one-way trisynaptic pathway, from the entorhinal cortex, through to the dg, ca3, ca1, and then the subiculum, with each region serving a specific function in the information processing path (amaral and witter 1989; gilbert and brushfield 2009). the hippocampal subregions ca1, ca3, and dg are critical to support representation, encoding, and retrieval of events, allowing the hippocampus to more efficiently organize information and short-term memory (kesner 2007). notably, memory impairment is one of the most frequently observed problems associated with heavy and persistent cannabis use (broyd et al. 2016), which may be subserved by volume deficits in ca3 and dg specific to chronic dependent cannabis users.
additionally, the dg is a major site for adult neurogenesis, which is the ability to generate new neurons that integrate into hippocampal neural networks by sending axonal projections to the ca3 (chambers 2013). this process is implicated in facilitating new memory formation (eisch 2002; kempermann et al. 2004) and is suppressed by exposure to addictive substances (e.g., opiates, nicotine, and cocaine) (chambers 2013). as such, altered dg volume in cannabis-dependent individuals may be mediated by impaired neurogenesis. however, it is important to note that evidence on the effect of cannabinoids on hippocampal neurogenesis has been inconsistent, with findings of reduced, increased, or no change in neurogenesis when cannabinoids are administered in animal studies (jiang et al. 2005; kochman et al. 2006; alén et al. 2010; schiavon et al. 2016). this may be due to the variety of cannabinoids used in these studies, including synthetic (jiang et al. 2005; alén et al. 2010) and non-synthetic (thc (kochman et al. 2006) and cannabidiol (cbd) (schiavon et al. 2016)) cannabinoids. of interest, cbd is suggested to be non-psychogenic and may be protective against the effect of thc on the brain and hippocampus (demirakca et al. 2011; yücel et al. 2016). further studies are warranted to test the involvement of neurogenesis in cannabis dependence, with particular attention to types of cannabinoid compound, and may inform the development of pro-neurogenic therapies (e.g., exercise (kandola et al. 2016)) to help treat cannabis dependence.
there are several potential limitations to our study. firstly, we are unable to partial out dependence-specific alterations that are general across substances versus those that are specific to cannabis dependence. we did not use the sds scale to quantify other substance (i.e., tobacco or alcohol) dependence. meanwhile, alcohol dependence as assessed by audit (saunders et al. 1993) was well matched across the group. given that dependence-specific neuroadaptations may span across different substances (koob and volkow 2010), future studies should examine the distinct and interactive effect of various substances in informing dependence-related neuroalterations. secondly, we acknowledge the possible difference in accuracy of freesurfer’s automated algorithm in segmenting the different subfields. van leemput et al. (2009) demonstrated good dice similarity coefficient (ca2/3 and subiculum = 0.74; ca4/dg and presubiculum = 0.68; ca1 = 0.62) and correlation (ca2/3, r = .91, p ≤ .0002; ca4/dg, r = .83, p ≤ .0028; subiculum, r = .60, p ≤ .066; correlation data not provided for presubiculum and ca1) between the automated method and gold standard manual segmentation. nevertheless, the variation in accuracy when segmenting larger structures such as ca2/3 and ca4/dg, versus smaller structures such as ca1, may result in differential sensitivity in detecting changes in these regions. finally, our study sample was uneven, with 39 cb-dep users and 22 cb-nondep users. while we did not find an association between cb use variables and subregional volumes in the cb-nondep users, the much smaller sample size of the cb-nondep users may have limited our ability to detect a statistically significant effect. future studies should attempt to reproduce our dependence-related effect in larger samples.
to conclude, our study extends on previous findings of neuroanatomical alteration in the hippocampus in cannabis users to provide a more fine-grained approach to understanding regional- and dependence-specific interactions. we show that hippocampal alteration in cannabis users may be specific to the ca and dg regions and confined to dependent users. further studies should explore the functional and behavioral implications of these subregional effects.
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sɪns ən ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən, ˈspɪˌrhɛdɪd baɪ ðə ˈtərkɪʃ ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ənd ðə fri ˈsɪriən ˈɑrmi (fsa*), ˈlɪˌbərˌeɪtɪd frəm ðə ˈtɛrər grups kənˈtroʊl leɪt ˈfɛbruˌɛri, ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən æt ðə taʊn həz ˈgræʤuəli rɪˈtərnd tɪ ˈnɔrməl ɛz stɔrz ənd bəˈzɑrz hæv ˈbeɪgən tɪ ˈɔpərˌeɪt. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə rɪˈpɔrt ɪn ˈlidɪŋ ðə ˈtərkɪʃ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˈdeɪli, ˈsɑbə, ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ɔn ðə graʊnd ɪn ˈɔlsoʊ ʃoʊd ðət ˌrɛstərˈeɪʃən ənd kənˈstrəkʃən wərks kənˈtɪnjud æt fʊl spid, ɛz ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈpipəl rɪˈtərnɪŋ hoʊm sərˈpæst ˈæftər ˈtərki ənd ðə hæv klɪrd səm əv ˈmeɪʤər ˈstrɔŋˌhoʊldz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ,, ənd, ˈtərkiz ʧif əv ˈʤɛnərəl stæf hæd ˈərliər sɛd ðət ˈtərki wʊd prəˈvaɪd ˈnɛsəˌsɛri əˈsɪstəns tɪ ˈsɪriənz rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ, ənd hɛlp ˈnɔrməˌlaɪz laɪf ɪn ðə taʊn. tɪ ðət ɛnd, wɪθ ˈtərkiz səˈpɔrt, ɪz ˈgræʤuəli rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ ˈnɔrməl. ˈʧɪldrən hir ər ˈgɪtɪŋ ðɛr ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən æt ˈnuli ˈoʊpənd skulz. ˈspikɪŋ tɪ ˈsɑbə, ðə ˈloʊkəlz sɛd, ðeɪ wər traɪɪŋ tɪ fərˈgɛt ðə lɔŋ ˈnaɪtˌmɛr, wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv ˈtərki. əˈlɔŋ wɪθ skulz, stɔrz ənd bəˈzɑr ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn ðə naʊ taʊn. mɔr ðən nu ˈrɛzɪdənsɪz wɪl bi bɪlt ðɛr wɪθ ˈtərkɪʃ eɪd. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ðə ˈriʤən wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ə nu ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, bɪlt wɪθ səˈpɔrt frəm ˈtərkiz ˈmɪnɪstri əv hɛlθ. ɪn ðə ˈminˌtaɪm, ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, wɪʧ wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈpɛrd ənd rɪˈstɔrd baɪ ˈtərkɪʃ ˈmɪnɪstri əv hɛlθ, ɪz naʊ ˈsərvɪŋ ˈloʊkəl ˈsɪtɪzənz. ˈsɑlɛh qasem*, ən ˈloʊkəl toʊld ˈsɑbə ðət hi wɑz pərˈpɛrɪŋ tɪ riˈoʊpən hɪz stɔr. "maɪ stɔr wɑz kəmˈplitli dɪˈstrɔɪd. bət, ɔl ˌrɛstərˈeɪʃən wərk, ɪkˈsɛpt səm peɪnt ʤɑb ɪz lɛft. aɪ wɪl sun ˈoʊpən maɪ ˈmoʊtərˌsaɪkəl stɔr." ˈminˌwaɪl, ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti əv ˈloʊkəl ˈsɪtɪzənz ɪn ðə ˈriʤən ɪz biɪŋ meɪnˈteɪnd baɪ ðə ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz, ˈwərkɪŋ əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd fri ˈsɪriən pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz. ˈæŋkərə lɔnʧt ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən juˈfreɪtiz ʃild ɔn ˈɔgəst. 24 tɪ sɪˈkjʊr ˈtərkiz ˈsəðərn ˈbɔrdər. ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən wɑz kəmˈplitɪd ɪn leɪt mɑrʧ, ənd əˈfɪʃəlz əˈnaʊnst ðət mɔr ðən skwɛr ˈkɪləˌmitərz 770 skwɛr maɪəlz) əv lænd ɪn ˈnɔrðərn ˈsɪriə wɑz ˈlɪˌbərˌeɪtɪd frəm, ənd mɔr ðən ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts wər kɪld. ðə həz nɑt ˈoʊnli geɪnd graʊnd baɪ ˈlɪˌbərˌeɪtɪŋ ðə strəˈtiʤɪk taʊnz əv ənd wɪʧ ɪt kleɪmd wʊd bi ðə saɪt əv ə ˈdumzˌdeɪ wɔr ənd, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ kriˈeɪtɪd ə sɪˈkjʊr ənd ˈsteɪbəl ˈɛriə fər ðə rɪˈtərn əv ˈloʊkəlz hu flɛd tɪ ˈtərki du tɪ əˈtrɑsətiz. tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈsɪriənz flɛd tɪ ˈtərkiz ˌsaʊˈθistərn ˈprɑvənsəz ənd wər rɪˈtərnd tɪ ðə ˈlɪˌbərˌeɪtɪd ˈɛriəz ˈæftər ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən wɑz kəmˈplitɪd. sɪns ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz bɪˈgæn, ðə ˈtərkɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ˈmɛni ˈtərkɪʃ ɛŋˈgoʊz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə rɛd ˈkrɛsənt, hæv bɪn ˈeɪdɪŋ ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz, nɑt ˈoʊnli ðoʊz ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈtərki, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn ˈbɔrdər ˈɛriəz ˌɪnˈsaɪd ˈsɪriə. ðə ˈtərkɪʃ rɛd ˌjuˌmænəˈtɛriən eɪd həz ɪkˈsidɪd 2 ˈbɪljən (əraʊnd 560 ˈmɪljən) sɪns ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə ˈsɪriən ˈsɪvəl wɔr, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. ˈtərki, ˈhoʊstɪŋ mɔr ˈsɪriən ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz ðən ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈkəntri ɪn ðə wərld, sɪz ɪt həz spɛnt əraʊnd 25 ˈbɪljən ˈhɛlpɪŋ ənd ˈʃɛltərɪŋ ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðət taɪm. ˈsɪriə həz bɪn lɑkt ɪn ə ˈvɪʃəs ˈsɪvəl wɔr sɪns ˈərli 2011 wɪn ðə bəˈʃɑr əˈsɑd rəˈʒim ˈruθləsli krækt daʊn ɔn ˈproʊˌtɛsts, wɪʧ ˌɪˈrəptɪd ɛz pɑrt əv ðə ˈærəb spərɪŋ ˈəˌpraɪzɪŋz. sɪns ðɛn, mɔr ðən ə kˈwɔrtər əv ə ˈmɪljən ˈpipəl hæv bɪn kɪld ənd mɔr ðən 10 ˈmɪljən hæv bɪn dɪˈspleɪst əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz.
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since an anti-daesh operation, spearheaded by the turkish military and the free syrian army (fsa), liberated al-bab from the terror group's control late february, the situation at the town has gradually returned to normal as stores and bazaars have begun to operate.
according to a report in leading the turkish language daily, sabah, the situation on the ground in al-bab also showed that restoration and construction works continued at full speed, as the number of people returning home surpassed 50,000.
after turkey and the fsa have cleared some of major daesh strongholds, including dabiq, jarablus, and al-bab, turkey's chief of general staff hulusi akar had earlier said that turkey would provide necessary assistance to syrians returning to al-bab, and help normalize life in the town.
to that end, with turkey's support, al-bab is gradually returning to normal. children here are getting their education at newly opened schools.
speaking to sabah, the locals said, they were trying to forget the 4-year long nightmare, with the help of turkey. along with schools, stores and bazaar also re-opened in the now daesh-free town. more than 8,000 new residences will be built there with turkish aid.
in addition, the region will also have a new 200-bed hospital, built with support from turkey's ministry of health.
in the meantime, the al-hiqma hospital, which was also repaired and restored by turkish ministry of health, is now serving local citizens.
saleh qasem, an al-bab local told sabah that he was preparing to reopen his store.
"my store was completely destroyed. but, all restoration work, except some paint job is left. i will soon open my motorcycle store."
meanwhile, the security of local citizens in the daesh-free region is being maintained by the fsa's special forces, working alongside free syrian police officers.
ankara launched operation euphrates shield on aug. 24 to secure turkey's southern border. the operation was completed in late march, and officials announced that more than 2,000 square kilometers (770 square miles) of land in northern syria was liberated from daesh, and more than 2,500 terrorists were killed.
the turkey-backed fsa has not only gained ground by liberating the strategic towns of jarablus and dabiq — which it claimed would be the site of a doomsday war — and al-bab, but also it also created a secure and stable area for the return of locals who fled to turkey due to daesh atrocities. tens of thousands of syrians fled to turkey's southeastern provinces and were returned to the liberated areas after the operation was completed.
since operations began, the turkish government and many turkish ngos, including the red crescent, have been aiding refugees, not only those living in turkey, but also in crisis-hit border areas inside syria.
the turkish red crescent's humanitarian aid has exceeded tl 2 billion (around $560 million) since the beginning of the syrian civil war, according to the organization.
turkey, hosting more syrian refugees than any other country in the world, says it has spent around $25 billion helping and sheltering refugees during that time.
syria has been locked in a vicious civil war since early 2011 when the bashar assad regime ruthlessly cracked down on pro-democracy protests, which erupted as part of the arab spring uprisings.
since then, more than a quarter of a million people have been killed and more than 10 million have been displaced across the war-battered country, according to the united nations.
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wikimedia* ˈkɑmənz ðə ˈbɑmˌʃɛl rɪˈpɔrts frəm ˈblumbərg ˈmɑrkɪts ˈdɛlvɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ɪˈvɛnts ðət trænˈspaɪərd əˈmɪd ðə 2008 ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈkraɪsəs ʤɪst kip ˈkəmɪŋ, ənd ðɪs taɪm ɪt kənˈsərnz səm ˈdubiəs ˈækʃənz baɪ ˈfɔrmər ˈtrɛʒəri ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri hæŋk ˈpɔlsən. ðə nuəst ɪkˈspoʊz baɪ ˈrɪʧərd ˈtaɪtəlbaʊm rɪˈvilz ðət ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2008 ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈpɔlsən mɛt wɪθ ˈsɛvərəl hɛʤ fənd ˈmænɪʤərz ənd toʊld ðɛm ðət ə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈteɪˌkoʊvər əv ˈfæni meɪ ənd ˈfrɛdi mæk wɑz ə ˈvɛri ril ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti. ʤɪst ə wik praɪər tɪ ðət ˈmitɪŋ, hi hæd ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪd ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt ənd toʊld ˈmidiə ˈaʊˌtlɛts ðət ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən ɪn ˈfæni ənd ˈfrɛdi wɑz nɪr ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl. ɪn keɪs ˈɛnibədi nidz ə rɪˈfrɛʃər: ˈfæni ənd ˈfrɛdi wər beɪld aʊt baɪ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt ɔn sɛpt. 6 2008 ˈpɔlsən, ɛz ˈmɛni noʊ, ɪz ˈfeɪməs fər biɪŋ ðə ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv ˈgoʊldmən sɑks frəm 1999 tɪ 2006 ðə ˌɑntʊˈrɑʒ əv hɛʤ ˈfəndərz hi əˈdrɛst ðət deɪ ˌɪnˈkludɪd æt list faɪv ˈfɔrmər hu hæd gɔn ˈɪntu ðə hɛʤ fənd ˈɪndəstri. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludɪd... səʧ ˈboʊldˌfeɪs neɪmz ɛz loʊn paɪn ˈkæpɪtəl ˈfaʊndər ˈstivən ˈmændəl, sɪŋ əv ˈkæpɪtəl ˈmænɪʤmənt ˈɛlˈpi ənd ˈdænjəl ɑk əv ˈkæpɪtəl ˈmænɪʤmənt grup. ˈblumbərg ˈmɑrkɪts noʊts ðət ðə grup əv ˈmænɪʤərz kʊd hæv ˈprɑfətəd ɔf ðə ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈpɔlsən geɪv ðɛm, bət ɪt ɪz nɑt klɪr ɪf ðə hɛʤ ˈfəndərz æt ðə ˈmitɪŋ wər ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈfæni ənd ˈfrɛdi ʃɛrz æt ðə taɪm ənd ɪt ɪz nɪr ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ træk ʃɔrt stɑk stales*" ˈjuzɪŋ ˈpəblɪk ˈdɑkjəmənts. ðɛr həz bɪn noʊ ˈɛvədəns ðət ðə ˈmænɪʤərz ˈtreɪdɪd ɔn ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. lɔ prəˈfɛsərz toʊld ˈblumbərg ðət ˈpɔlsən "broʊk noʊ lɔ" dɪˈspaɪt dɪˈskloʊzɪŋ nɑnˈpəblɪk ˌɪnˈsaɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. rɛd ðə fʊl ˈɑrtɪkəl æt ˈblumbərg
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wikimedia commons the bombshell reports from bloomberg markets delving into the events that transpired amid the 2008 financial crisis just keep coming, and this time it concerns some dubious actions by former treasury secretary hank paulson.
the newest expose by richard teitelbaum reveals that in july 2008, then-treasury secretary paulson met with several hedge fund managers and told them that a government takeover of fannie mae and freddie mac was a very real possibility.
just a week prior to that meeting, he had testified in the senate and told media outlets that government intervention in fannie and freddie was near impossible.
in case anybody needs a refresher: fannie and freddie were infamously bailed out by the federal government on sept. 6, 2008.
paulson, as many know, is famous for being the ceo of goldman sachs from 1999 to 2006. the entourage of hedge funders he addressed that day included at least five former goldmanites who had gone into the hedge fund industry. they also included...
... such boldface names as lone pine capital llc founder stephen mandel, dinakar singh of tpg-axon capital management lp and daniel och of och-ziff capital management group llc.
bloomberg markets notes that the group of managers could have profited off the the information paulson gave them, but it is not clear if the hedge funders at the meeting were trading fannie and freddie shares at the time and it is near impossible to track "firm-specific short stock stales" using public documents. there has been no evidence that the managers traded on paulson's information.
law professors told bloomberg that paulson "broke no law" despite disclosing non-public inside information.
read the full article at bloomberg >
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ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən tɪ əˈnaʊns nu plæŋks əv əˈsaɪləm ˈpɑləsi, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ skim tɪ baɪ ənˈseɪf əˈsaɪləm boʊts ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ə ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈgəvərnmənt wʊd baɪ ˈvɛsəlz frəm ˈoʊnərz hu maɪt bi ˈtɛmptɪd tɪ sɛl ðɛm tɪ sˈməgələrz, ɛz pɑrt əv ɪts ˈɛfərts tɪ dɪˈtər əˈsaɪləm ˈsikərz frəm ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ɔˈstreɪljə. ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ˈlidər ˈtoʊni ˈæbət wɪl əˈnaʊns ðə nu plæŋk əv ðə ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈpɑləsi ɪn ˈdɑrwɪn təˈdeɪ, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ plænz tɪ dɪˈplɔɪ mɔr ɔˈstreɪljən pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz ənd bust ˌɪndoʊˈniʒəz sərʧ ənd ˈrɛskju ˈfəndɪŋ. ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ˈspoʊksmən skɑt ˈmɔrɪsən həz toʊld æm ðə ˈpɑləsi rɪˈflɛkts ə ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn dɪˈtərənts. "ðət wɪl ˌɪnˈklud ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ frəm sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˈəpˌgreɪdɪŋ ɑr ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt ɪn ʤɔɪnt ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz wɪθ ˌɪndoʊˈniʒən ˈnæʃənəl pəˈlis," hi sɛd. "ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludz ɑr kəmˈjunɪti ˈaʊˌtriʧ ˈproʊˌgræm, wɪʧ wʊd ˌɪnˈvɑlv ˈbaʊntiz ˈwərkɪŋ θru ˈvɪlɪʤɪz, baɪɪŋ boʊts bæk wɛr ju kən. ki pɔɪnts ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈgəvərnmənt əˈnaʊnsɪz skim tɪ baɪ ˈvɛsəlz hoʊps skim wɪl dɪˈtər əˈsaɪləm ˈsikərz ˈpɑləsi kɔst wɪl bi əˈnaʊnst təˈdeɪ piɛm ˈkɛvɪn rəd slæmz plæn ɛz "ˌɪrəˈspɑnsəbəl" sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt kəmˈpoʊnənt əv skim ɪz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˌɪndoʊˈniʒəz sərʧ ənd ˈrɛskju ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz ˈpɑləsi wɪl bi dən θru wɪθ ˈloʊkəl əˈfɪʃəlz "bət ˈɔlsoʊ ʤɪst prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ðə əˈwɛrnəs, laɪk wi dɪd ˈæftər ðə ˈbɑli ˈbɑmɪŋz wɪθ ˈkaʊntərˌtɛrərˌɪzəm, tɪ reɪz əˈwɛrnəs ðət ˈpipəl sˈməgəlɪŋ ɪz ə ˈkrɪmənəl ækˈtɪvɪti ənd ɪts θɪŋz ðət ˈʃʊdənt bi ɪnˈkərəʤd ər səˈpɔrtɪd." ˈmɪstər ˈmɔrɪsən sɪz ðə kɔst əv ðə ˈpɑləsi wɪl bi əˈnaʊnst baɪ ˈmɪstər ˈæbət təˈdeɪ. ˈʃɔrtən, rəd ˈrɪdəˌkjul plæn tɪ baɪ 'ˈkləŋkərz' ˈleɪbər bɪl ˈʃɔrtən həz ˈrɪdəˌkjuld ðə skim, dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ɪt ɛz "ə ˈmærəˌtaɪm ˈvərʒən əv kæʃ fər ˈkləŋkərz". "wɪr goʊɪŋ tɪ hæv ə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈʤɛnərəl ˈraɪtɪŋ ʧɛks fər ˈɛvəri ˈliki boʊt ɪn ˈeɪʒə," hi sɛd. "wi ɔl noʊ ðət ðə ˈriʤənəl ˈsɛtəlmənt əˈgrimənt ɪz ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ hæv ən ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ˈpipəl sˈməgələrz. ðə ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ər ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈdɛspərɪt. "weɪt tɪl ðə nuz gɪts aʊt θru ˈeɪʒə ðət ɪf juv gɑt ə ˈliki ənˈseɪf boʊt ðət ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈtækˌspeɪər ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ baɪ ɪt ɔf ju. "aɪ doʊnt noʊ hu drimd ɪt əp bət əm ʃʊr ðə ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈpɑrti ʃʊd bi ˈteɪkɪŋ ðət ˈpərsən ənd ˈpʊtɪŋ ðɛm ɪn ˈwɪtnəs prəˈtɛkʃən." praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈkɛvɪn rəd ˈɔlsoʊ weɪd ɪn, dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ðə ˈpɑləsi ɛz "ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪnli ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ". "ˈmɪstər ˈæbəts plæn tɪ hæv, ɪt simz, ə ˈʤɛnərəl, ˈsɪtɪŋ æt ðə ɛnd əv ə ˈʤɛti wɪθ ə ʧɛk bʊk tɪ baɪ bæk ˈfɪʃɪŋ boʊts ɪn ˌɪndoʊˈniʒə, ɪz əˈbaʊt ɛz ˌɪrəˈspɑnsəbəl ɛz hɪz plæn fər ə peɪd pərˈɛntəl liv skim wɪʧ gɪvz tɪ ˌmɪljəˈnɛrz," hi sɛd. ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈplɛʤɪz fəndz tɪ ˌɪndoʊˈniʒən ˈrɛskju ˈsərvɪs ˈmɪstər ˈmɔrɪsən sɪz ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt kəmˈpoʊnənt əv ðɛr nu ˈpɑləsi ɪz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ðə kəˈpæsɪti əv ˌɪndoʊˈniʒəz sərʧ ənd ˈrɛskju ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli əˈlɔŋ ðə ˈsəðərn ˈʤɑvə koʊst. "ðɪs ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈbɪldɪŋ ðə ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti tɪ rɪˈspɑnd ɪn ˌɪndoʊˈniʒəz sərʧ ənd ˈrɛskju zoʊn, nɑt ʤɪst ðə ˈvɛsəlz, bət ðə ˈmeɪntənəns ənd ðə səˈpɔrt fər ˈrənɪŋ ðoʊz ˈsərvɪsɪz," hi sɛd. "[ɪts ˈɔlsoʊ əˈbaʊt] ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ɑr oʊn ˈɛriəl sərˈveɪləns tɪ ˈərliər dɪˈtɛkt ˈvɛsəlz wɛr wi kən ənd juz ðət ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ˈrɛˌskjuz ər pʊt ɪn pleɪs ənd mɔr ˈrɛdəli wɛˈrɛvər ˈpɑsəbəl." ˈmɪstər ˈmɔrɪsən sɪz ɔl ˈæˌspɛkts əv ðə ˈpɑləsi wɪl bi dən θru kˌwɔpərˈeɪʃən wɪθ ˈloʊkəl əˈfɪʃəlz. "ˈriʤənəl kˌwɔpərˈeɪʃən ˈɪzənt əˈbaʊt tɔk, ɪts əˈbaʊt ˈæˌkʧuəli duɪŋ θɪŋz," hi sɛd. "wi nid tɪ sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˈəpˌskeɪl ðə wərk ðət ɪz biɪŋ dən θruaʊt ðə ˈriʤən nɑt ʤɪst ɪn ˌɪndoʊˈniʒə bət ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn məˈleɪʒə ənd ˈɛˈsɑˈraɪ ˈlæŋkə." ˈtɑpɪks: ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz, ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən, community-and-society*, federal-government*, government-and-politics*, abbott-tony*, ɔˈstreɪljə, ˌɪndoʊˈniʒə fərst ˈpoʊstɪd
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coalition to announce new planks of asylum policy, including scheme to buy unsafe asylum boats
updated
a coalition government would buy unseaworthy vessels from owners who might be tempted to sell them to smugglers, as part of its efforts to deter asylum seekers from coming to australia.
opposition leader tony abbott will announce the new plank of the coalition policy in darwin today, along with plans to deploy more australian police officers and boost indonesia's search and rescue funding.
opposition immigration spokesman scott morrison has told am the policy reflects a single-minded focus on deterrents.
"that will include everything from significantly upgrading our involvement in joint operations with indonesian national police," he said.
"it also includes our community outreach program, which would involve bounties ... working through villages, buying boats back where you can.
key points coalition government announces scheme to buy unseaworthy vessels
hopes scheme will deter asylum seekers
policy cost will be announced today
pm kevin rudd slams plan as "irresponsible"
significant component of scheme is increasing indonesia's search and rescue capabilities
policy will be done through co-operation with local officials
"but also just promoting the awareness, like we did after the bali bombings with counterterrorism, to raise awareness that people smuggling is a criminal activity and its things that shouldn't be encouraged or supported."
mr morrison says the cost of the policy will be announced by mr abbott today.
shorten, rudd ridicule plan to buy 'clunkers'
labor frontbencher bill shorten has ridiculed the scheme, describing it as "a maritime version of cash for clunkers".
"we're going to have a three-star military general writing cheques for every leaky boat in south-east asia," he said.
"we all know that the regional settlement agreement is starting to have an impact on people smugglers. the opposition are getting desperate.
"wait till the news gets out through south-east asia that if you've got a leaky unsafe boat that the australian taxpayer is going to buy it off you.
"i don't know who dreamed it up but i'm sure the liberal party should be taking that person and putting them in witness protection."
prime minister kevin rudd also weighed in, describing the policy as "genuinely interesting".
"mr abbott's plan to have, it seems, a 3-star general, sitting at the end of a jetty with a cheque book to buy back fishing boats in indonesia, is about as irresponsible as his plan for a paid parental leave scheme which gives $75,000 to millionaires," he said.
coalition pledges funds to indonesian rescue service
mr morrison says a significant component of their new policy is increasing the capacity of indonesia's search and rescue capabilities, particularly along the southern java coast.
"this is about building the capability to respond in indonesia's search and rescue zone, not just the vessels, but the maintenance and the support for running those services," he said.
"[it's also about] increasing our own aerial surveillance to earlier detect vessels where we can and use that information to ensure that rescues are put in place and more readily wherever possible."
mr morrison says all aspects of the policy will be done through cooperation with local officials.
"regional cooperation isn't about talk, its about actually doing things," he said.
"we need to significantly upscale the work that is being done throughout the region - not just in indonesia but also in malaysia and sri lanka."
topics: refugees, immigration, community-and-society, federal-government, government-and-politics, abbott-tony, australia, indonesia
first posted
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ˈkərdɪʃ ˈklɛrɪk ˈɑmɑd ˈsɛntənst tɪ ə jɪr ənd ə hæf ɪn ˈprɪzən baɪ ˈɑzloʊ ˈdɪstrɪkt kɔrt. ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈɑzloʊ ˈdɪstrɪkt kɔrt ˈsɛntənst ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈkərdɪʃ ˈklɛrɪk ˈɑmɑd, ˈbɛtər noʊn ɛz ˈmələ, tɪ ə jɪr ənd ə hæf ɪn ˈprɪzən ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ fər θˈrɛtənɪŋ ə ˈkərdɪʃ ˈæktɪvɪst. "ðə θrɛts wər meɪd ˈəndər ˈægrəˌveɪtɪŋ ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz," ðə kɔrt sɛd ɪn ɪts ˈrulɪŋ, ˈsaɪtɪd baɪ ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈnuzˌpeɪpər. ðə θˈrɛtənɪŋ ˈsteɪtmənts wər meɪd ɪn ˈɪntərvˌjuz wɪθ ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ənd ˈkərdɪʃ ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri, wən mənθ ˈæftər wɑz riˈlist ˈæftər ˈsərvɪŋ tu jɪrz ɪn ʤeɪl fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ θrɛts əˈgɛnst θri kərdz ənd kənˈsərvətɪv ˈpɑrti ˈlidər ˈərnə ˈsoʊlbərg, naʊ praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər əv ˈnɔrˌweɪ. wɑz ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈlidər əv ðə ˈmɪlətənt grup, ˈæktɪv ɪn ˌɪˈrɑk ənd ˈsɪriə frəm 2001 ənˈtɪl ɪts ˈmərʤər wɪθ ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt ɪn ðə grup ˈkɛrid aʊt ˈnumərəs ˈdɛdli əˈtæks, ənd ɪz ˈwaɪdli rɪˈgɑrdɪd ɛz ə ˈtɛrərɪst ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. ðə ˈmələ fərst keɪm tɪ ˈnɔrˌweɪ ɛz ə ˈrɛfjuʤi ɪn 1991 ənd həz sɪns rɪˈpitɪdli ˈtrævəld tɪ ðə ˈmɪdəl ist. hi həz bɪn ɔn ðə ˈjuˈɛn ˈtɛrər lɪst sɪns 2006 ðoʊ ˌnɔrˈwiʤən əˈθɔrətiz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ dɪˈpɔrt ˈɑmɑd ɪn 2003 ˈoʊvər ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti kənˈsərnz, ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈjumən raɪts ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃənz bæn ˈɑzloʊ frəm rɪˈtərnɪŋ ɪm tɪ ˌɪˈrɑk, wɛr hi ɪz ˈwɔntɪd ɔn ˈtɛrər ˈʧɑrʤɪz.
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kurdish cleric najmuddin faraj ahmad sentenced to a year and a half in prison by oslo district court.
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moscow (sputnik)the oslo district court sentenced controversial kurdish cleric najmuddin faraj ahmad, better known as mullah krekar, to a year and a half in prison on friday for threatening a kurdish activist.
"the threats were made under aggravating circumstances," the court said in its ruling, cited by the local aftenposten newspaper.
the cleric's threatening statements were made in interviews with norwegian and kurdish television in february, one month after krekar was released after serving two years in jail for making threats against three kurds and conservative party leader erna solberg, now prime minister of norway.
krekar was the original leader of the ansar al-islam militant group, active in iraq and syria from 2001 until its merger with islamic state in mid-2014.
the group carried out numerous deadly attacks, and is widely regarded as a terrorist organization.
the mullah first came to norway as a refugee in 1991, and has since repeatedly traveled to the middle east. he has been on the un terror list since 2006.
though norwegian authorities decided to deport faraj ahmad in 2003 over national security concerns, international human rights obligations ban oslo from returning him to iraq, where he is wanted on terror charges.
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ɛz pɑrt əv ðɪs jɪrz geɪm dɪˈzaɪn ˈʧælənʤ, ˈʤeɪsən ˈrɔrər, ðə kriˈeɪtər əv ðə ˈkæsəl ˈdɔktərɪn ənd slip ɪz dɛθ, rɪˈvild ðət hid meɪd ənd ˈhɪdən ə geɪm ɪn ðə hoʊp ðət ɪt ˈwʊdənt bi pleɪd fər ˈθaʊzənz əv jɪrz. ðə geɪm, kɔld ə geɪm fər ˈsəmˌwən, wɑz ˈbɛrid baɪ ˈrɔrər ˈsəmˌwɛr ɪn ðə nəˈvɑdə ˈdɛzərt. əv kɔrs, baɪ ðə taɪm ɪts əˈnərθt wi kʊd ɔl bi ɛnsˈleɪvd baɪ ˈeɪliənz, ˈroʊˌbəts, mˈjutənts, ˈivɪn hu noʊz ɪf wɪl gɪt breɪks fər ˈgeɪmɪŋ? ðə ˈʧælənʤ ə sɔrt əv fər jʊr hɛd æsks pɑrˈtɪsəpənts tɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ə geɪm əraʊnd ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr θim. ðɪs jɪr, ðə θim wɑz wɑz "juˈmænɪtiz læst geɪm". wɪl raɪt, stiv ənd ˈhɑrvi smɪθ ɔl tʊk pɑrt, bət ɪt wɑz aɪˈdiə ðət wən. prɪˈzuməbli bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz boʊθ ril ənd mæd. "aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ meɪk ə geɪm ðət ɪz nɑt fər raɪt naʊ, ðət aɪ wɪl ˈnɛvər pleɪ ənd ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi naʊ ˈlɪvɪŋ wʊd ˈɛvər pleɪ," ˈrɔrər sɛd. ðə bɔrd geɪm wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ðə rulz ˈɪntu ə kəmˈpjutər, ənd ˈlɛtɪŋ ən eɪaɪ faɪnd ˈbæləns ˈɪʃuz, ðɛn əˈpɑn ðɛm. ðɪs ɪnˈʃʊrd ðət ˈrɔrər hɪmˈsɛlf wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnɛvər pleɪ ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈvərʒən. hi ðɛn kriˈeɪtɪd 18 baɪ 18 ɪnʧ bɔrd, ənd ˈpisɪz, frəm taɪˈteɪniəm, ˈkɑpid ðə rulz tɪ ɑrˈkaɪvəl, ˈæsəd fri ˈpeɪpər, sild ðə ˈpeɪʤɪz ˌɪnˈsaɪd ə tub, ðɛn pʊt ðə tub ˌɪnˈsaɪd ə taɪˈteɪniəm ˈbæˌtɑn. hi ðɛn ˈbɛrid ɪt ɔl ˈsəmˌwɛr ɪn ðə ˈdɛzərt. ɪn ðə hoʊp ɪt wɪl faʊnd ˈsəmˌdeɪ ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər, ˈrɔrər geɪv iʧ ˈsɛʃən əˈtɛnˈdi ən ˈɛnvəˌloʊp kənˈteɪnɪŋ ˈməltəpəl ˈgipiˈɛs koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪts ˈoʊvər wən ˈmɪljən ɪn ˈtoʊtəl. ˈrɔrər ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ðət ɪf wən ˈpərsən ʧɛkt wən loʊˈkeɪʃən ˈɛvəri deɪ, ɪt kʊd teɪk ˈoʊvər jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə geɪm ɪz dɪˈskəvərd. ðə koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪts wər kəˈlɛktəd əp baɪ ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz fər collation*, ɪn ðə hoʊps əv dɪˈskəvərɪŋ ɪt ə ˈlɪtəl ˈərliər. ɪf ðeɪ gɪt ˈpoʊstɪd ˈɔnˌlaɪn, wɪl ˈprɑbəˌbli hæv ɪt wɪˈθɪn ðə wik. pleɪərz ər ˈnəθɪŋ ɪf nɑt ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd. θæŋks, ˈpɑlɪˌgɑn
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