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based on almost every metric that matters, spotify is the most successful streaming music service in the world, with almost 90 million subscribers and close to $2 billion in annual revenues. yet its recently-released financial results show that despite its massive success, it is still incapable of making a profit—and because of the way the music business works, it may never make one.
although spotify doesn’t have to submit financial reports to stock market regulators because it isn’t publicly traded, its luxembourg-based parent company filed results with that country’s corporate registrar. the picture painted of spotify’s business gives new meaning to the question, “is the glass half full or is it half empty?”
on the upside, spotify’s revenues accelerated in 2015, growing by about 80% to 1.95 billion euros or about $2.1 billion u.s. dollars. that was almost twice the growth rate that the company saw in 2014. at a time when apple music and other competitors have been pouring resources into expanding their reach, spotify seems to have increased its lead. its user base climbed almost 50% to 89 million, up from 60 million in 2014.
on the glass-half-empty side of the equation, however, spotify’s losses also expanded to $206 million, up from $184 million in 2014. despite the larger losses, some observers cheered this news because the company’s red ink didn’t increase as quickly as its revenues did. but that silver lining disappears if you look more closely at the costs that really matter.
spotify’s single biggest expense are the payments it has to make to record labels and music publishers, as they are for every other streaming music service, whether it’s apple music or rdio or deezer. in 2015, the amount that spotify had to pay for royalties and distribution fees climbed by 85%, to about $1.8 billion. in other words, costs grew by more than revenues did.
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everywhere you look in the online music industry, you see the same picture. deezer postponed a planned public offering because its financial picture was so bleak. in some cases, contracts with record companies forced deezer to pay more than it was making in revenue by streaming popular songs. rdio filed for bankruptcy and was acquired by pandora, a company whose investors are pressuring it to sell itself to the highest bidder. but who would want to buy it?
even spotify, which has been planning for a public share offering for some time, was forced to raise a $1 billion round of convertible debt financing earlier this year in order to fund its operations because equity investors weren’t prepared to put in more money at the valuation the company wanted.
that’s partly because the digital music business looks increasingly fragile, at least the way it is structured currently. of every dollar that spotify brings in the door in revenues, about 85 cents goes right back out the door again in the form of payments to the music industry. that number is climbing at a faster rate than the company’s revenues are, and still there are complaints that streaming music services don’t pay enough money to artists. where does all of this ultimately lead?
in its filing with the luxembourg regulator, spotify said that it is hopeful that it will be able to turn a profit at some point soon. “we believe our model supports profitability at scale,” the company said. “we believe that we will generate substantial revenues as our reach expands and that, at scale, our margins will improve.” this is a brave statement, but how is it even remotely realistic? are record labels going to suddenly cut more favorable deals than they have in the past?
spotify is currently in negotiations to re-sign most of the deals it has with record industry, but there’s no indication that it will be able to do so at historical rates. in fact, even though they own a small stake in the company, some labels may want to charge more because spotify has become so dominant.
meanwhile, the streaming music business is so terrible financially that spotify recently announced that it is moving even further into video with plans to expand its current music video feature into a full-fledged streaming video service with original programming. not only is this a business that everyone from netflix and amazon to apple and google are going after, but it also has extremely high costs—higher even than the music business. is that likely to save spotify? it’s difficult to see how.
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ˈpɪkʧər baɪ ˈænθɔˌni ˈhɑrvi pɑ ˈɪmɪʤɪz ɪts ˈfaɪnəli ˈhæpənɪŋ; ðə ˈroʊˌbəts ər ˈfaɪnəli ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈoʊvər. ɔl ðə væst ðət hækt ˈɪntu jʊr ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən ər əˈbaʊt tɪ kəm tru. ðə kɑz wɪl ˈkɛri aʊt ðɛr ˈmæsɪkərz ɔn ðə strits, ˈræmɪŋ ˈɪntu kraʊdz əv ˈɪnəsənt pəˈdɛstriənz əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðɛr əbˈskjʊr ənd ˈmɔrəl koʊd. jʊr frɪʤ ənd jʊr ˈkɛtəl ˈɪzənt ɪt kul ðət ðɛr kəˈnɛktɪd tɪ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, aɪ kən tɛl ðə ˈkɛtəl tɪ bɔɪl ˈjuzɪŋ ðə æp! hæv ɔˈrɛdi ˈrɪzən əp ɪn rɪˈvoʊlt, sˈmæʃɪŋ ðɛr data-chains*, ˈteɪkɪŋ əˈweɪ ðə ˈoʊnli θɪŋ ðət kən stɪl gɪv ju ˈplɛʒər. ˈpænɪk ɪn ðə ˈsɪtiz, ˈtoʊstərz ˈbərnɪŋ ðɛr ˈoʊnərz, ˈwɑʃɪŋ məˈʃinz ˈitɪŋ ju əˈlaɪv wɪθ ðɛr maʊðz. ɪt kænt bi lɔŋ naʊ: ðə wɔr əv ðə məˈʃinz ɪz ˈklæŋkɪŋ ˈhɔrəbli ɔn ðə hərˈaɪzən, ənd sun ˈɛvəri ˈpərsən wɪl hæv ðɛr wik ɔrˈgænɪk flɛʃ ʧərnd əp ɪn ðə ˈspɪnɪŋ tiθ əv ðə ˈroʊˌbəts, tɪ bi tərnd ˈɪntu ˈlubrəkənt ər biofuel*; ðə ˈtɛknɪkəl ˌæpərˈætəs həz noʊ nid fər ˈjuˈɛs ˈɛni mɔr, ənd wɪθ ə kəmˈpjutərz koʊld priˈsɪʒən ˈɪtəl ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ kɪl ˈjuˈɛs ɔl ɔf. ɪts ɔˈrɛdi ˈstɑrtɪd. ɔtəˈmeɪʃən ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ʤɪst ə ˈprɑbləm fər ˈpipəl hu du ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈjusfəl wərk ˈbɪldɪŋ θɪŋz ər ˈnɑkɪŋ ðɛm daʊn, ˈdraɪvɪŋ stəf əraʊnd, ˈtɪlɪŋ ðə fildz, ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈprɑdəkts təˈgɛðər ɪn ˈfæktəriz ər ˈdɪgɪŋ θru ðə ərθ. ɪts kəm fər jʊr ʤɑb. ɪts kəm fər ðə ˈbɔrɪŋ rɪˈspɛktəbəl ˈɔfəs wərk jʊr traɪɪŋ tɪ əˈvɔɪd baɪ ˈrɛdɪŋ ðɪs raɪt naʊ. ɪn ʤəˈpæn əv kɔrs ɪts ʤəˈpæn ðə mˈjuʧuəl laɪf ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəmpəˌni həz faɪərd 34 əv ɪts ˈwərkərz ənd ˌriˈpleɪst ðɛm wɪθ ən ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈsɪstəm. ˈæftər ɔl, kəmˈpjutərz doʊnt teɪk ˈɛndləs ti breɪks, ər gɪt ˈprɛgnənt, ər rɛd vaɪs dɑt kɑm ˌɪnˈstɛd əv duɪŋ wət ðɛr peɪd tɪ du. ðə ˈwɑtsən ɪkˈsplɔrər ˈsɪstəm ɪz ˈbɛtər ðən ju ɪn ˈɛvəri kənˈsivəbəl rɪˈspɛkt. nɑt ʤɪst æt wərk: wən deɪ jul kəm hoʊm tɪ faɪnd ə ɪn jʊr haʊs, sˈlipɪŋ wɪθ jʊr ˈpɑrtnər, ˈreɪzɪŋ jʊr ˈʧɪldrən, ˈwɔtərɪŋ jʊr əˈlɑtmənt, ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪŋ ðət ˈnɑvəl juv ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈwɔntɪd tɪ raɪt. jʊr dən. gɪt ˈoʊvər ɪt. æt list, ðæts wən weɪ əv ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ɪt wən ðæts ʃɛrd baɪ ɔl ðə ˈpipəl kwaɪt ˈrizənəbli əˈfreɪd əv ˈluzɪŋ ðɛr ʤɑbz, ðə ˈplutəˌkræts ˈgɪgəlɪŋ tɪ ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈoʊvər ðə ˈprɑspɛkt əv ə money-generator*, ənd ðə nu brænd əv siɪŋ ɪn ɑr ˈkraɪsəs ðə ˈprɑspɛkt əv ə fˈjuʧər wɪˈθaʊt wərk. bət ðɛr mɪˈsteɪk ɪz ˌɪˈmæʤənɪŋ ðət ðə ˈroʊˌbəts ər ˈoʊnli ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈoʊvər naʊ. ɪn fækt, ɪt ˈhæpənd ə ˈvɛri lɔŋ taɪm əˈgoʊ. wət ər ðə ʤɑbz ðət ər ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ bi ˈteɪkən ˈoʊvər baɪ məˈʃinz? ðə 34 ˈwərkərz əˈbaʊt tɪ luz ðɛr ˈlaɪvliˌhʊdz tɪ ə səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtəd ˈoʊpənər wərk æt ən ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns fərm; ðɛr ʤɑb ɪz tɪ lʊk æt ˈligəl ˈdætə ənd ˈkælkjəˌleɪt ðə loʊəst ˈpɑsəbəl peɪaʊt ðɛr ˈkəmpəˌni kən gɪv tɪ sɪk ənd ˈɪnʤərd ˈpipəl waɪl stɪl nɑt ˈbreɪkɪŋ ðə lɔ ər ðɛr ˈkɑnˌtrækt. wət ðɪs ʤɑb ˈrɪli kənˈsɪsts əv ɪz ðə ˈblədləs, ˌɪnˈhjumən, ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əv ˈəðər ˈpipəlz lɪvz. ənd tɪ bi klɪr, ðɪs ˈɪzənt ðɛr fɔlt; ɪts ə ʤɑb, ˈɛvriˌwən nidz wən, ənd ɪn ə wərld huz meɪn ˈaʊtˌpʊt ɪz smɔl əˈnɑnəməs ˈtræʤədi nən əv ˈjuˈɛs kən ˈrɪli ɪˈskeɪp biɪŋ kəmˈplɪsət. ðɛr ər ˈvɛri fju ˈpipəl hu groʊ əp wɪθ ˈsɔrɪŋ drimz əv biɪŋ ə kleɪmz ɪt tɛndz tɪ ʤɪst kaɪnd əv ˈhæpən, ɛz ɪf ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli; ɔl ðə məˈʃinəri ɪz ɔˈrɛdi ɪn pleɪs. ɑr fɔrm əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən ɪz wən ðæts ɔˈrɛdi ˌroʊˈbɑtɪk ɪt ˈfəŋkʃənz ɔl baɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈeɪliəˌneɪtɪd frəm ðə wɔnts ənd nidz əv ðə ˈpipəl hu juz ənd ˈɔpərˌeɪt ɪt. ɪts ʤɪst ðət ɪts ˈmuvɪŋ pɑrts ər meɪd əv ˈjumən ˈbɑdiz, sæt bɪˈhaɪnd ˈmɪljənz əv dɛsks, duɪŋ ɔl ðə ˈminɪŋləs ənd ˌənrɪˈleɪtɪd bɪts əv ˈpeɪpərˌwərk ðət təˈgɛðər ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz ðə koʊd fər ən ɪˈnɔrmɪs, ˈstupɪd ˈɪnʤən. ɪf soʊ məʧ ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəl ˈleɪbər kən bi dən baɪ məˈʃinz, wət kaɪnd əv wərk ɪz ɪt ðət wɪr duɪŋ? ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˌsoʊsiˈɑləʤɪst luɪs ˈməmfərd kɔld ðiz fɔrmz "megamachines*", ðə məˈʃin sin nɑt ɛz ə dɪˈstɪŋkt ˈɑbʤɛkt bət ɛz ə weɪ əv ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ˌhaɪˈrɑrkəkəl ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz. ðə ˈpɪrəmɪdz əv ˈiʤɪpt wər bɪlt θru ðə paʊər əv "ˈmərdərəs koʊəˈrʃən", wən ˈkeɪpəbəl əv "ˈtərnɪŋ mɛn ˈɪntu məˈkænɪkəl ˈɑbʤɛkts ənd əˈsɛmbəlɪŋ ðiz ˈɑbʤɛkts ˈɪntu ə məˈʃin", ˈsəmθɪŋ væst ənd ˈɪntrəkət, ˈivɪn ɪf ðə moʊst səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtəd ˈɑbʤɛkts ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wər roʊps ənd ˈpʊliz. ˈleɪtər məˈʃinz, hi ˈnoʊtɪd, wərənt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli nu ˌɪnˈvɛnʃənz; ðeɪ ˈoʊnli ˈrɛplɪˌkeɪtɪd ðə wərk ɔˈrɛdi biɪŋ dən baɪ ˈjumənz, bət kət daʊn ɔn ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˈjumən rikˈwaɪərd; ɔl ɑr səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtəd ˌroʊˈbɑtɪks ɪz ʤɪst ə feɪnt ˈɛkoʊ əv ðə wɪp ənd ðə ʧeɪnz əv ˈeɪnʧənt sleɪv səˈsaɪɪtiz. (ənd, ɛz mɑrks ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt, wɪθ ˈɛvəri nu ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən əv tɛkˈnɑləʤi ðə hoʊl ˌæpərˈætəs bɪˈkəmz lɛs ˈeɪbəl tɪ səˈsteɪn ˌɪtˈsɛlf ənd mɔr expropriative*.) ðə ˈɪzənt fər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ; ɪt həz noʊ ˈɑbʤɛkt ˈəðər ðən ɪts oʊn ˌriprəˈdəkʃən. ənd sɪns ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˌrɛvəˈluʃən ðeɪv groʊn mɔr ˈɛvəri jɪr. ɪn commodity-production*, ɔl ˈpipəl ər rɪˈdust tɪ ðɛr. wi doʊnt nid tɪ ˈwəri əˈbaʊt ˈpipəl biɪŋ mɪnst əp baɪ ˌɪnˈdɪfərənt məˈkænɪkəl wilz ɪn ðə nɪr fˈjuʧər; ɪts ɔˈrɛdi ˈhæpənɪŋ naʊ. ɪts bɪn ˈhæpənɪŋ fər ˈsɛnʧəriz. rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ ˈjumən ˈbɑdiz wɪθ ˈsɔfˌwɛr ɪz ʤɪst ðə ˈfaɪnəl stɛp; ɪt kən ˈoʊnli ˈhæpən wəns wət wi du ɪz ɔˈrɛdi robotised*, wəns ˈpipəl hæv ɔˈrɛdi bɪn tərnd ˈɪntu ˈɑbʤɛkts. əˈnəðər ˈditeɪl: ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɪn ʤəˈpæn, ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi, treɪd ənd ˈɪndəstri ˈmɪnɪstri ɪz ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ əˈnəðər eɪaɪ tɪ teɪk ˈoʊvər ðə wərk əv ˈbjʊrəˌkræts ənd ˈrisərʧərz, ˈspɪtɪŋ aʊt stæts ənd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən fər ˈmɪnɪstərz ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ feɪs ðɛr ˈkɑligz ər ðə prɛs. ɪf ðə ˈræʃənəl ənd ˈvɪʃəs ˌmaɪkroʊˈmænɪʤmənt əv ˈjumən ɪgˈzɪstəns ɪz bɪˈkəmɪŋ ˈfʊli ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd, ðɛn əv kɔrs ɪts ˈpɑləˌtɪks ðæts nɛkst. ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ɪt wɑz əˈnaʊnst ˈæftər ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən ɪn wət wɑz hoʊpt tɪ bi ə traɪˈəmfənt flərɪʃ, bət tərnd aʊt tɪ bi mɔr əv ə ˈmizli, ɪkˈskjuz ðət ðə ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən kæmˈpeɪnz ˈstrætəʤi wɑz dɪˈvaɪzd nɑt baɪ ˈjumən tækˈtɪʃənz hu ˈæˌkʧuəli nu əˈbaʊt ðə ˈpipəl hu wʊd bi goʊɪŋ tɪ ðə poʊlz, bət baɪ ə səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtəd eɪaɪ ˈnɪkˌneɪmd ˈeɪdə. ðə kəmˈpjutər wɑz fɛd væst əˈmaʊnts əv ˈpoʊlɪŋ ənd ˌdɛməˈgræfɪk ˈdætə, ənd əˈtɛmptəd tɪ ˈrizənəbli prɪˈdɪkt wət ˈdɑnəld trəmp wʊd du, ənd ðə bɛst weɪ tɪ ˈkaʊntər ɪt. ɛz wi ɔl faʊnd aʊt, ˈrizənəbli prɪˈdɪktɪŋ wət ˈdɑnəld trəmp wɪl du ɪz ə ˈprɪti ˈstupɪd geɪm. bət əˈgɛn, ðə ɔtəˈmeɪʃən wɑz ʤɪst ðə læst stɛp. θruaʊt ðə kæmˈpeɪn, ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən geɪv ˈɛvəri ˌɪmˈprɛʃən əv biɪŋ ə ˈfɔlti məˈʃin: stɪf ənd inelegant*, proʊn tɪ ˈsədənli ˈkræʃɪŋ, ˈspɪtɪŋ aʊt ðə seɪm ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər əˈgɛn, ˈrənɪŋ θru wət wɑz ˈklɪrli ə sɛt əv ˈɑptɪməl ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ rulz. ʃi wɑz ˈsəmθɪŋ ˌɪmˈpoʊzd ɔn ðə wərld, laɪk soʊ məʧ nu tɛkˈnɑləʤi, nɑt ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɪt ˈɛvər ˈrɪli ˈwɔntɪd. ər lʊk æt ðət oʊld ˈvɪdioʊ əv ʤɔrʤ ˈɔzˌbɔrn rɪˈpitɪŋ ðə seɪm dræb ˈsaʊndˌbaɪt ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər əˈgɛn tɪ ə nuz tim, ˈstrɪkən ənd sˈwɛti, ˈətərli məˈkænɪkəl. ðə məˈʃin wɔr ɔˈrɛdi ˈhæpənd. wi lɔst. mɔr frəm vaɪs: ðə fˈjuʧər wɪl kɪl ˈjuˈɛs ɔl wi doʊnt nid mɔr ˌɔˈstɛrɪti, wi nid ˈləgʒəri ˈkɑmjəˌnɪzəm ɔl heɪl 'tronc*': ðə fˈjuʧər əv ˈmidiə ˈkɑntɛnt
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picture by anthony harvey pa archive/pa images
it's finally happening; the robots are finally taking over. all the vast techno-nightmares that hacked into your imagination are about to come true. the self-driving cars will carry out their massacres on the streets, ramming into crowds of innocent pedestrians according to their obscure and misanthropic moral code. your fridge and your kettle – isn't it cool that they're connected to the internet, i can tell the kettle to boil using the app! – have already risen up in revolt, smashing their data-chains, taking away the only thing that can still give you pleasure.
panic in the cities, toasters burning their owners, washing machines eating you alive with their flappy perspex mouths. it can't be long now: the war of the machines is clanking horribly on the horizon, and soon every person will have their weak organic flesh churned up in the spinning teeth of the robots, to be turned into lubricant or biofuel; the globe-straddling technical apparatus has no need for us any more, and with a computer's cold precision it'll decide to kill us all off. it's already started.
automation is no longer just a problem for people who do actually useful work – building things or knocking them down, driving stuff around, tilling the fields, putting products together in factories or digging through the earth. it's come for your job. it's come for the boring respectable office work you're trying to avoid by reading this right now. in japan – of course it's japan – the fukoku mutual life insurance company has fired 34 of its workers and replaced them with an artificial intelligence system. after all, computers don't take endless tea breaks, or get pregnant, or read vice dot com instead of doing what they're paid to do. the ibm watson explorer system is better than you in every conceivable respect. not just at work: one day you'll come home to find a touchscreen in your house, sleeping with your partner, raising your children, watering your allotment, algorithmically generating that novel you've always wanted to write. you're done. get over it.
at least, that's one way of looking at it – one that's shared by all the people quite reasonably afraid of losing their jobs, the plutocrats giggling to themselves over the prospect of a fully-automated money-generator, and the new brand of techno-leftists seeing in our crisis the prospect of a future without work. but their mistake is imagining that the robots are only taking over now. in fact, it happened a very long time ago.
what are the jobs that are starting to be taken over by machines? the 34 white-collar workers about to lose their livelihoods to a sophisticated tin-can opener work at an insurance firm; their job is to look at legal data and calculate the lowest possible payout their company can give to sick and injured people while still not breaking the law or their contract. what this job really consists of is the bloodless, inhuman, mathematical administration of other people's lives. and to be clear, this isn't their fault; it's a job, everyone needs one, and in a world whose main output is small anonymous tragedy none of us can really escape being complicit. there are very few people who grow up with soaring dreams of being a claims adjustor – it tends to just kind of happen, as if automatically; all the machinery is already in place. our form of social organisation is one that's already robotic – it functions all by itself, entirely alienated from the wants and needs of the people who use and operate it. it's just that its moving parts are made of human bodies, sat behind millions of desks, doing all the meaningless and unrelated bits of paperwork that together compromise the code for an enormous, stupid engine. if so much intellectual labour can be done by machines, what kind of work is it that we're doing?
the american sociologist lewis mumford called these forms "megamachines", the machine seen not as a distinct object but as a way of looking at hierarchical organisations. the pyramids of egypt were built through the power of "murderous coercion", one capable of "turning men into mechanical objects and assembling these objects into a machine", something vast and intricate, even if the most sophisticated objects involved were ropes and pulleys. later machines, he noted, weren't necessarily new inventions; they only replicated the work already being done by humans, but cut down on the amount of human labour-power required; all our sophisticated robotics is just a faint echo of the whip and the chains of ancient slave societies. (and, as marx pointed out, with every new generation of technology the whole apparatus becomes less able to sustain itself and more expropriative.) the megamachine isn't for anything; it has no object other than its own reproduction. and since the industrial revolution they've grown more totalising every year. in commodity-production, all people are reduced to their labour-power. we don't need to worry about people being minced up by indifferent mechanical wheels in the near future; it's already happening now. it's been happening for centuries.
replacing human bodies with software is just the final step; it can only happen once what we do is already robotised, once people have already been turned into objects. another detail: elsewhere in japan, the economy, trade and industry ministry is introducing another ai to take over the work of bureaucrats and researchers, spitting out stats and information for ministers before they face their colleagues or the press. if the rational and vicious micromanagement of human existence is becoming fully automated, then of course it's politics that's next.
in the united states, it was announced after the election – in what was hoped to be a triumphant flourish, but turned out to be more of a measly, shamefaced excuse – that the hillary clinton campaign's strategy was devised not by human tacticians who actually knew about the people who would be going to the polls, but by a sophisticated ai nicknamed ada. the computer was fed vast amounts of polling and demographic data, and attempted to reasonably predict what donald trump would do, and the best way to counter it. as we all found out, reasonably predicting what donald trump will do is a pretty stupid game. but again, the automation was just the last step. throughout the campaign, hillary clinton gave every impression of being a faulty machine: stiff and inelegant, prone to suddenly crashing, spitting out the same information over and over again, running through what was clearly a set of optimal programming rules. she was something imposed on the world, like so much new technology, not anything it ever really wanted. or look at that old video of george osborne repeating the same drab soundbite over and over again to a news team, stricken and sweaty, utterly mechanical. the machine war already happened. we lost.
@sam_kriss
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ˈlʊkɪŋ fər nuz ju kən trəst? səbˈskraɪb tɪ ɑr fri ˈnuzˌlɛtərz. nu jɔrk ˈsɪti meɪər maɪk ˈblumbərg wɔnts nu gən kənˈtroʊl ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən soʊ bæd ðət sɛt tɪ spɛnd ə ˈstægərˌɪŋ 12 ˈmɪljən əv hɪz oʊn ˈməni ɔn ædz ˈtɑrgətɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs ˈsɛnətərz ɪn ə ˈdəzən steɪts. ɛz ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz rɪˈpɔrts, nu weɪv əv ædz, wɪʧ bɪˈgɪn ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ, səˈpɔrt ˌjunəˈvərsəl ˈbækˌgraʊnd ʧɛks fər ˈnɪrli ɔl gən ˈpərʧəsɪz, bət du nɑt ˈmɛnʃən ə bæn ɔn əˈsɔlt ˈwɛpənz. ðə ædz, rən ˈəndər ðə ˈɔspɪsɪz əv meɪərz əˈgɛnst ˌɪˈligəl gənz, ə grup ˈfəndɪd ənd baɪ ˈblumbərg, wɪl ˈtərgət sɛnz. keɪ ˈheɪgən (d-n.c*.), ˈmɛri ˈlændru (d-la*.), mɑrk praɪər (d-ark*.), din ˈhɛlər (r-nev*.), rɑb ˈpɔrtmən (r-ohio*), ˈpætrɪk ˈtumi (r-penn*.), ˈsæksbi ˈʧæmblɪs (r-ga*.), ˈʤɑni ˈɪsəksən (r-ga*.), dæn koʊts (r-ind*.), ənd ʤɛf fleɪk (r-ariz*.). 12 ˈmɪljən æd baɪ ˈfərðər hɪz pəˈzɪʃən ɛz ðə meɪn pəˈlɪtɪkəl fɔrs ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ðə klaʊt əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈraɪfəl əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən. fər ˈdɛkeɪdz, ðə həz juzd ɪts ˈməni ənd ˈmænˌpaʊər tɪ aʊst ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz hu səˈpɔrt ˈɛni nu ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃən əv gənz ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə. ðə θrɛt əv əˈtæks hɛlpt ˈstaɪfəl ˈɛni ˈɛfərt æt nu gən lɔz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ˈbækˌgraʊnd ʧɛks fər moʊst gən ˈpərʧəsɪz ənd ˌriɪnˈsteɪtɪŋ ðə bæn ɔn əˈsɔlt ˈraɪfəlz, wɪʧ ɪkˈspaɪrd ɪn 2004 naʊ, baɪ ˈpəmpɪŋ ˈməni ˈɪntu meɪərz əˈgɛnst ˌɪˈligəl gənz ənd ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ, hɪz, ˈblumbərg hoʊps tɪ ˈkaʊntər ðə maɪt əv ðə, waɪl ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈkəvər tɪ ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtərz. mɔr frəm ðə taɪmz ɔn nu æd blɪts: ɪn iʧ [steɪt], ðə kəˈmərʃəlz ərʤ səˈpɔrt fər ðə ˈmɛʒər tɪ ˌrikˈwaɪər ˈbækˌgraʊnd ʧɛks fər ˈnɪrli ɔl ˈfaɪˌrɑrmz ˈpərʧəsɪz, nɑt ʤɪst ðoʊz ɪn gən stɔrz, ðə moʊst dəˈbeɪtɪd ˈɛləmənt əv ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ənd ə ˈkəvətɪd goʊl əv gən kənˈtroʊl ˈædvəˌkeɪts. ˈmɪstər. ˈblumbərg həz ˈsɪŋgəld aʊt ˈmɪstər. fleɪk, hu ɔˈrɛdi ˈvoʊtɪd əˈgɛnst ðə ɪkˈspænʧən əv ˈbækˌgraʊnd ʧɛks ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt ʤuˈdɪʃiˌɛri kəˈmɪti, baɪ prəˈdusɪŋ ə ˈspɛʃəl, ˈskoʊldɪŋ kəˈmərʃəl eɪmd æt ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə. vote,”*,” ðə æd dɪˈklɛrz, ˈikwəlz ˈbækˌgraʊnd ʧɛks fər ˈdeɪnʤərəs criminals.”*.” ðə meɪər, hu ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz həz spɛnt tɛnz əv ˈmɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz tɪ səˈpɔrt hɪz ˈfeɪvərd ˈkænədɪts, hoʊldz ðə paʊər tɪ juz hɪz ““super-pac”*” tɪ wild ˈɪnfluəns ɪn ðə ˈmɪdˌtərm kənˈgrɛʃənəl ɪˈlɛkʃənz nɛkst jɪr ənd bɪɔnd. hi sɛd hi wʊd ˈhɛvəli ˈfeɪvər hu wɪl stɑp ˈpipəl frəm ˈgɪtɪŋ killed.”*.” ɪz ən ˈizi ˈmɛʒər əv haʊ ju ˌdɪˈsaɪd hu ðoʊz are,”*,” hi sɛd, ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðət gən raɪts grups reɪt ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz. kips skɔr əv ɪt fər ju. ðeɪ ər ˈpəblɪk information.”*.” tɪ ðoʊz hu maɪt fɪr hɪz ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl maɪt, hi ˈædɪd: ðeɪ pæs ˈsɛnsəbəl gən ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən, ðɛr ɪz nɑt ən issue.”*.” ˈblumbərg həz skɔrd ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv ˈrisənt ˈvɪktəriz. hi pəmpt ˈnɪrli 10 ˈmɪljən ˈɪntu ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ ɪn ðə 2012 ɪˈlɛkʃənz; ðə wɛnt ɔn tɪ spɛnd 3 ˈmɪljən tɪ dɪˈfit rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ʤoʊ ˈbækə (d-calif*.), ə raɪts ˈkɑŋgrəsmən. ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ ˈɔlsoʊ spɛnt ˈmɪljənz læst mənθ ɪn ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpraɪˌmɛri fər illinois’*’ kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈdɪstrɪkt tɪ dɪˈfit ˈdɛbi ˈhælvərsən, hu hæd ən ““a”*” ˈreɪtɪŋ frəm ðə. ˈdɛməˌkræt ˈrɑbɪn ˈkɛli, hum ˈblumbərg səˈpɔrtɪd, ˈəltəmətli kruzd tɪ ˈvɪktəri. ðə həz sɛd ɪt plænz tɪ faɪər bæk æt ˈblumbərg wɪθ ən ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ kæmˈpeɪn əv ɪts oʊn. ənd ən ˈlɑbiəst toʊld ðə taɪmz ðət ˈkɑnfədənt ðət ˈmɛni əˈmɛrɪkənz baɪ ˈɪntu ˈmɛsɪʤ. hi ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ faɪnd aʊt ɪz ðət əˈmɛrɪkənz wɔnt tɪ bi toʊld baɪ səm ɪˈlitɪst ˌbɪljəˈnɛr wət ðeɪ kən it, drɪŋk ənd ðeɪ dæm wɛl wɔnt tɪ bi toʊld haʊ, wɪn ənd wɛr ðeɪ kən prəˈtɛkt ðɛr families,”*,” krɪs kɑks, ðə tɔp ˈlɑbiəst, sɛd.
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new york city mayor mike bloomberg wants new gun control legislation so bad that he’s set to spend a staggering $12 million of his own money on ads targeting us senators in a dozen states.
as the new york times reports, bloomberg’s new wave of ads, which begin on monday, support universal background checks for nearly all gun purchases, but do not mention a ban on assault weapons. the ads, run under the auspices of mayors against illegal guns, a group funded and co-chaired by bloomberg, will target sens. kay hagan (d-n.c.), mary landrieu (d-la.), mark pryor (d-ark.), dean heller (r-nev.), rob portman (r-ohio), patrick toomey (r-penn.), saxby chambliss (r-ga.), johnny isakson (r-ga.), dan coats (r-ind.), and jeff flake (r-ariz.).
bloomberg’s $12 million ad buy further cements his position as the main political force challenging the clout of the national rifle association. for decades, the nra has used its money and manpower to oust politicians who support any new regulation of guns in america. the threat of nra attacks helped stifle any effort at new gun laws, including requiring background checks for most gun purchases and reinstating the ban on assault rifles, which expired in 2004. now, by pumping money into mayors against illegal guns and independence usa, his super-pac, bloomberg hopes to counter the might of the nra, while giving cover to pro-gun-control legislators.
here’s more from the times on bloomberg’s new ad blitz:
in each [state], the commercials urge support for the measure to require background checks for nearly all firearms purchases, not just those in gun stores, the most debated element of the legislation and a coveted goal of gun control advocates. mr. bloomberg has singled out mr. flake, who already voted against the expansion of background checks in the senate judiciary committee, by producing a special, scolding commercial aimed at arizona. “flake’s vote,” the ad declares, equals “no background checks for dangerous criminals.” the mayor, who over the years has spent tens of millions of dollars to support his favored candidates, holds the power to use his “super-pac” to wield influence in the midterm congressional elections next year and beyond. he said he would heavily favor “candidates who will stop people from getting killed.” “there is an easy measure of how you decide who those are,” he said, noting that gun rights groups rate lawmakers. “the nra keeps score of it for you. they are public information.” to those who might fear his financial might, he added: “if they pass sensible gun legislation, there is not an issue.”
bloomberg has scored a handful of recent gun-related victories. he pumped nearly $10 million into independence usa in the 2012 elections; the super-pac went on to spend $3 million to defeat rep. joe baca (d-calif.), a pro-gun rights congressman. independence usa also spent millions last month in the democratic primary for illinois’ 2nd congressional district to defeat debbie halvorson, who had an “a” rating from the nra. democrat robin kelly, whom bloomberg supported, ultimately cruised to victory.
the nra has said it plans to fire back at bloomberg with an advertising campaign of its own. and an nra lobbyist told the times that it’s confident that many americans won’t buy into bloomberg’s message. “what he is going to find out is that americans don’t want to be told by some elitist billionaire what they can eat, drink and they damn well don’t want to be told how, when and where they can protect their families,” chris cox, the nra’s top lobbyist, said.
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ɔn ðə ˈsaɪˌdlaɪnz əv ðə ˈɪndiə lɔnʧ əv wən ðə ˈkəmpəniz nu ˈflægˌʃɪp ˈænˌdrɔɪd, ɪn nu ˈdɛli ˈərliər təˈdeɪ, ʃɛrd ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ɪz ˈkloʊsli ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ɛz ˈwɪndoʊz 10 ʃeɪps əp tɪ brɪŋ ə nu dɪˈvaɪs tɪ ˈmɑrkɪt. hæd lɔnʧt ðə wən fər ˈwɪndoʊz læst jɪr, ə ˈwɪndoʊz ˈvərʒən əv ðɛr ðɛn ˈkɑrənt ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈflægˌʃɪp. wɪn æst əˈbaʊt ə ˈwɪndoʊz ɪˈdɪʃən əv ðə ˈleɪtəst wən ʧæŋ, ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ˈgloʊbəl seɪlz ənd ʧif ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈɔfɪsər æt, sɛd ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ɪz ˈkloʊsli ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ɛz ðeɪ ræmp əp təˈwɔrdz ðə riˈlis əv ˈwɪndoʊz 10 wɪl si haʊ ðə nu ˈvərʒən əv ðə ˈwɪndoʊz ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm ʃeɪps əp ənd wɛr ɪt fɪts ɪn ðə ˈlaɪˌnəp. ʧæŋ sɛd ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʃɛr mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ðə nɛkst ˈwɪndoʊz baɪ baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ˈsɛkənd kˈwɔrtər ər ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv θərd kˈwɔrtər ðɪs jɪr. həz hæd ə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈwɪndoʊz, ənd həz lɔnʧt ˈsɛvərəl, wɛl dɪˈzaɪnd ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn dɪˈvaɪsɪz, jɛt ˈteɪkən ˈsɛvərəl mənθs bɪtˈwin ðə səkˈsɛsɪv ˈlɔnʧɪz ənd hæv ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌɪgˈnɔrd ə ˈmɑrkətɪŋ pʊʃ fər ðiz dɪˈvaɪsɪz. nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ðə ˈlɪmɪtɪd əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti əv ðə wɪθ ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn. kʊd meɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns wɪθ ðɛr nɛkst ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn dɪˈvaɪs, ənd wʊd ju baɪ wən? tɛl ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ðə ˈkɑmɛnts!
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on the sidelines of the india launch of htc one m9+, the company's new flagship android smartphone, in new delhi earlier today, htc shared that the company is closely working with microsoft as windows 10 shapes up to bring a new device to market.
htc had launched the htc one (m8) for windows last year, a windows version of their then current android flagship. when asked about a windows edition of the latest htc one m9 +, chia-lin chang, president of global sales and chief financial officer at htc, said that the company is closely working with microsoft as they ramp up towards the release of windows 10.
we'll see how the new version of the windows operating system shapes up and where it fits in the htc lineup.
chang said that the company will be able to share more information about the next windows smartphone by htc by the end of second quarter or the beginning of third quarter this year.
htc has had a love-hate relationship with windows, and has launched several, well designed windows phone devices, yet taken several months between the successive launches and have almost ignored a marketing push for these devices. not to mention the limited availability of the m8 with windows phone.
could htc make a difference with their next windows phone device, and would you buy one? tell us in the comments!
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ˈpleɪˌraɪt ʤɑn ˈrɑbɪn əˈsɔltɪd ðə ˈpleɪˌraɪt wɑz ðə ˈvɪktɪm əv ə heɪt crime”*” ɔn ðə iv əv ðə mɑrʧ ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, d.c*. ʤɑn ˈrɑbɪn wɑz əˈsɔltɪd baɪ ə drəŋk trəmp səˈpɔrtər ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, d.c*., ˈʤænjuˌɛri 20 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈvænɪti fɛr. ðə ˈpleɪˌraɪt wɑz ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə mɑrʧ ɔn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 21 ə ˈproʊˌtɛst ˈmuvmənt ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt dɪˈvaɪdɪd ˌɪˌnɔgjəˈreɪʃən. toʊld ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən ðət hi ənd hɪz ˈhəzbənd wər ˈdaɪnɪŋ wɪθ frɛndz wɪn ðeɪ wər əˈproʊʧt baɪ ə grup əv ənd ˈpɔɪntɪˌdli səˈlɛbrəˌtɔri, laʊd ˈhæpi trəmp people.”*.” wən əv ðə mɛn hərld ˌɪnˈsəlts æt ənd θˈrɛtənd tɪ kɪl ɪm ˌbiˈfɔr ˈpʊʃɪŋ ɪm ənd θroʊɪŋ ɪm tɪ ðə graʊnd. ðə ˈraɪtər həz faɪld ˈʧɑrʤɪz fər əˈsɔlt, ənd, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ vərˈaɪəti, ə ˈpəblɪk ˈɪnsədənt rɪˈpɔrt prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, d.c*., ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən pəˈlis həz ˈlɪstɪd ðə əˈtæk ɛz ə heɪt crime.”*.” ˈpʊlətsər praɪz ˈfaɪnəlɪst ˈrisəntli pɛnd ðə ˈplɪtɪkli ʧɑrʤd ˈsæˌtaɪər, wɪʧ ˈfɑloʊz ə ril ɛˈsteɪt taɪˈkun ənd ˌriˈæləˌti ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən stɑr hu wɔnts tɪ bi ˈprɛzɪdənt. ðə pleɪ, wɪʧ simz ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈtaɪmli, rɪˈsivd ɪts wərld prɛˈmɪr læst fɔl æt ˈsɛnər ˈθiətər kərk ˈdəgləs ˈθiətər ɪn lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs. ðə mɑrʧ ɪn d.c*. ˌkoʊənˈsaɪdəd wɪθ ˈproʊˌtɛst ˈmɑrʧɪz ɔl əraʊnd ðə wərld, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ nu jɔrk ˈsɪti.
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playwright jon robin baitz assaulted
the vicuña playwright was the victim of a “suspected hate crime” on the eve of the women’s march in washington, d.c.
jon robin baitz was assaulted by a drunk trump supporter in washington, d.c., january 20, according to vanity fair. the playwright was in the nation’s capital to support the women’s march on january 21, a protest movement in response to president trump’s divided inauguration.
baitz told the publication that he and his husband were dining with friends when they were approached by a group of “exhilarated and pointedly celebratory, loud happy trump people.” one of the men hurled anti-semitic insults at baitz and threatened to kill him before pushing him and throwing him to the ground.
the writer has filed charges for assault, and, according to variety, a public incident report provided by the washington, d.c., metropolitan police has listed the attack as a “suspected hate crime.”
pulitzer prize finalist baitz recently penned the politically charged satire vicuña, which follows a real estate tycoon and reality tv star who wants to be president. the play, which seems particularly timely, received its world premiere last fall at center theatre group’s kirk douglas theatre in los angeles.
the women’s march in d.c. coincided with protest marches all around the world, including new york city.
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ə nu ˈstədi frəm ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv tərˈɑntoʊ ˈskɑrˌbəroʊ ʃoʊz ðət ˈpipəl hu ər əˈwɛr əv ðɛr oʊn θɔts ənd ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz ər lɛs əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ˈpɑzətɪv ˈfidˌbæk frəm ˈəðərz. ðə ˈstədi, ˈɔθərd baɪ ˈpiˌeɪʧˈdi ˈkænədɪt ˈtipər, faɪndz ðət ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz haɪ ɪn ðə treɪt noʊn ɛz ʃoʊ lɛs ˈnʊrəl rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈpɑzətɪv ˈfidˌbæk ðən ðɛr lɛs ˈmaɪndfəl pɪrz. ˈfaɪndɪŋz səˈʤɛst ðət ˈmaɪndfəl ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz meɪ bi lɛs əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ˌɪˈmiˌdiət rɪˈwɔrdz ənd fɪts wɛl wɪθ ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ˈmaɪndfəl ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ər ˈtɪpɪkəli lɛs impulsive”*” sɪz ˈtipər. ɪz ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪzd baɪ ən əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ənd əkˈsɛpt θɔts ənd ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz wɪˈθaʊt ˈʤəʤmənt. ˈmaɪndfəl ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ər məʧ ˈbɛtər æt ˈlɛtɪŋ ðɛr ˈfilɪŋz ənd θɔts goʊ ˈrəðər ðən ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈkɛrid əˈweɪ. ˈjuzɪŋ (ig) ðə breɪn ækˈtɪvɪti əv pɑrˈtɪsəpənts wɑz rɪˈkɔrdɪd waɪl ðeɪ kəmˈplitɪd ə riˈækʃən taɪm tæsk ɔn ə kəmˈpjutər. ðə ˈɔθərz wər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn participants’*’ breɪn ækˈtɪvɪti ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ rɪˈsivɪŋ pərˈfɔrməns ˈfidˌbæk ðət wɑz rɪˈwɔrdɪŋ, ˈnutrəl ər ˈnɛgətɪv ɪn ˈneɪʧər. nɑt ˈoʊnli wər ˈmaɪndfəl ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz lɛs rɪˈspɑnsɪv tɪ rɪˈwɔrdɪŋ ˈfidˌbæk kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ˈəðərz, ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ʃoʊd lɛs ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ðɛr ˈnʊrəl rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈnutrəl ˈvərsəz rɪˈwɔrdɪŋ ˈfidˌbæk. ˈstədiz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ɑr oʊn pæst wərk, hæv ʃoʊn ðət ˈpipəl hu ˈmɛdəˌteɪt, ənd ˈmaɪndfəl ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ɪgˈzɪbɪt ˌɪmˈpruvd ˌsɛlfkənˈtroʊl. ɪf ˈmaɪndfəl ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ər ˈɔlsoʊ lɛs əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ˌɪˈmiˌdiət rɪˈwɔrdz, ɛz ɑr ˈstədi səˈʤɛsts, ðɪs meɪ hɛlp ɪkˈspleɪn why,”*,” sɪz ˈpiˌeɪʧˈdi ˈsupərˌvaɪzər ənd saɪˈkɑləʤi prəˈfɛsər ˈmaɪkəl inzlicht*. ðə ˈfaɪndɪŋz ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈflɛkt ˈfərðər ˈklɪnɪkəl ˈrisərʧ ðət səˈpɔrts ðə ˈnoʊʃən əv əkˈsɛptɪŋ ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz ɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈɪndəˌkeɪtər əv ˈmɛntəl ˌwɛlˈbiɪŋ. hu ər ˈprɑbləm ˈgæmblərz fər ˈɪnstəns ʃoʊ mɔr breɪn ˌriˌækˈtɪvəti tɪ ˌɪˈmiˌdiət rɪˈwɔrdz, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ ər ˈtɪpɪkəli mɔr impulsive,”*,” sɪz ˈtipər. ðə ˈrisərʧ wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt ðɪs wik ɪn ðə ˈʤərnəl ˈiˌmoʊʃən. dɑn ˈkæmbəl ɪz ə ˈraɪtər wɪθ ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv tərˈɑntoʊ ˈskɑrˌbəroʊ.
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a new study from the university of toronto scarborough shows that people who are aware of their own thoughts and emotions are less affected by positive feedback from others.
the study, authored by utsc phd candidate rimma teper, finds that individuals high in the trait known as mindfulness show less neural response to positive feedback than their less mindful peers.
”these findings suggest that mindful individuals may be less affected by immediate rewards and fits well with the idea that mindful individuals are typically less impulsive” says teper.
mindfulness is characterized by an ability to recognize and accept one’s thoughts and emotions without judgment. mindful individuals are much better at letting their feelings and thoughts go rather than getting carried away.
using electroencephalography (eeg) the brain activity of participants was recorded while they completed a reaction time task on a computer. the authors were interested in participants’ brain activity in response to receiving performance feedback that was rewarding, neutral or negative in nature. not only were mindful individuals less responsive to rewarding feedback compared to others, they also showed less difference in their neural response to neutral versus rewarding feedback.
“many studies, including our own past work, have shown that people who meditate, and mindful individuals exhibit improved self-control. if mindful individuals are also less affected by immediate rewards, as our study suggests, this may help explain why,” says teper’s phd supervisor and utsc psychology professor michael inzlicht.
the findings also reflect further clinical research that supports the notion of accepting one’s emotions is an important indicator of mental well-being.
“individuals who are problem gamblers for instance show more brain reactivity to immediate rewards, because they are typically more impulsive,” says teper.
the research was published this week in the journal emotion.
don campbell is a writer with the university of toronto scarborough.
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ʤeɪmz, ˈkæptən əv ɔˈstreɪljə, wɑz ˈsaɪtɪd baɪ ˈbərgər, ðə ˈsaɪtɪŋ kəˈmɪʃənər əˈpɔɪntɪd baɪ ðə, ðə ʧɑrʤ ˈpʊtɪŋ ə but tɪ ðə feɪs əv ˈeɪlən ʤoʊnz ðə lɑk. ðə ˈsaɪtɪŋ wɑz ækˈsɛptɪd ənd əˈpizd ˌbiˈfɔr ʤuˈdɪʃəl ˈhirɪŋ, ʧɛrd baɪ ˈnaɪʤəl ˈhæmptən əv nu ˈzilənd, ˈɔlsoʊ ən əˈpɔɪnti. ɪt wɑz ə lɔŋ ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri. ðə ˈəpˌʃɑt wɑz ðət ðə ʧɑrʤ əˈgɛnst wɑz sɛt əˈsaɪd bɪˈkəz ˈhæmptən ðət, ɔn ðə ˈbæləns əv ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌtiz, hi kʊd nɑt faɪnd 'ən ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəl ər dɪˈlɪbərˌeɪt ˈækʃən əv ˈstæmpɪŋ ər ˈtræmplɪŋ ˈæftər vjuɪŋ ðə ˈɪnsədənt frəm naɪn ˈdɪfərənt ˈkæmərə ˈæŋgəlz'. ðə ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ənd ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈlæstɪd ˈoʊvər θri aʊərz ðə rɪˈsivd ðə fʊl ˈrɪtən dɪˈsɪʒən frəm ðə ˈhirɪŋ ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ. ðə dɪd ɪts oʊn ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ənd ˈnoʊtəˌfaɪd ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrəgbi ˈjunjən ðət ɪt hæd əˈpild ðə dɪˈsɪʒən ˈteɪkən baɪ ɪts oʊn ʤuˈdɪʃəl ˈɔfəsɪz. ðət əˈpil ɪz tɪ bi hərd ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ, 1 ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2013 baɪ ðə ʤuˈdɪʃəl əˈfɪʃəl, græm mju əv ˈkænədə. pərˈsɛpʃənz ər ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. ɪt ɪz ðə fərst taɪm ðə həz ˈteɪkən səʧ ə stænd. ɔn ðə seɪm deɪ ɛz ðət tɛst ənd ˈækʃən, ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ fɔr ˈɪnsədənts əˈkərd ɪn ðə tɛst bɪtˈwin saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ ənd səˈmoʊə wɛr ðə ˈsaɪtɪŋ kəˈmɪʃənər wɑz ˈpitər, ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈɪŋglənd prɑp, ənd ðə ʤuˈdɪʃəl ˈɔfɪsər ðə ɪkˈspɪriənst ʤəʤ ʤɛf ˈblækɪt əv ˈɪŋglənd. ðeɪ, tu wər əˈpɔɪntɪd baɪ ðə: 1 ʤeɪmz græbd straʊs baɪ ðə ˈtɛˌstɪkəlz. ˈsaɪtɪd ənd ˈblækɪt sɛd ɪt kʊd hæv bɪn ən ˈæksədənt ənd lɛt ɔf. ðə dɪd nɑt əˈpil ðə dɪˈsɪʒən. 2 lɔnʧt hɪmˈsɛlf æt ʤin də ˈvɪljərz. ðə mæʧ əˈfɪʃəlz ɪgˈzæmənd ðə ˈɪnsədənt ənd ˈɪʃud ə rɛd kɑrd. ɪt wɑz ˈsərtənli ə ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈtækəl æt ðə nɛk wɪθ ə stɪf ɑrm ənd lɑts ɔn fɔrs ɔn ə pleɪər hu dɪd nɑt hæv ðə bɔl. əˈpɪrd ˌbiˈfɔr ˈblækɪt ənd wɑz səˈspɛndɪd fər ə wik ə sɔrt əv 'lɛts priˈtɛnd wi ər səˈpɔrtɪŋ ðə ˌrɛfərˈi' səˈspɛnʃən. ðə dɪd nɑt əˈpil ðət dɪˈsɪʒən. 3 ˈʤɛrəˌmi stæmpt ɔn frɑnsˈwɑ feɪs ənd dru bləd æt ðə ˈlɛvəl əv hɪz noʊz. ɪt wɑz ən ˈɑbviəs ækt. dɪd nɑt saɪt. ðə dɪd nɑt ˌɪnˈsɪst ðət hi bi ˈsaɪtɪd. 4 ˈsɛnsəs ˈʤɑnstən kɪkt ɪn ðə grɔɪn. ɪt wɑz ən ˈɑbviəs ækt. dɪd nɑt saɪt ˈʤɑnstən ðə dɪd nɑt ˌɪnˈsɪst ðət ˈʤɑnstən bi ˈsaɪtɪd. ɪn fækt ðə hæv nɑt bɪn ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə ʤuˈdɪʃəl dɪˈsɪʒənz əv ðɛr əˈpɔɪntiz ɪkˈsɛpt ɪn ðə keɪs. ðə ˌɪmˈprɛʃən ənd ˌɪmˈprɛʃənz fid pərˈsɛpʃənz ənd ɛnd əp ɛz ˈʤəʤmənts ɪz ðət ðə ər ˌɪnˈsɪstɪŋ ðət bi səˈspɛndɪd. waɪ ðɪs keɪs əˈməŋ soʊ ˈmɛni? ðə ˌɪmˈprɛʃən ɪz ðət ðɪs ɪz ə keɪs əv baɪəs. ðə ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ˈdəblɪn, wɪʧ ɪz ɪn ˈaɪərlənd ənd kloʊz tɪ ˈɪŋglənd, ˈskɑtlənd ənd weɪlz, ðə fɔr ˈjunjənz ðət meɪk əp ðə laɪənz. prɪˈzuməbli moʊst əv ðɛr ɪmˈplɔɪiz kəm frəm ðoʊz fɔr ˈkəntriz. prɪˈzuməbli ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ səˈpɔrt ðə laɪənz ənd wʊd laɪk ˈɛkstrə ˈprɛʃər ɔn ðə ɔˈstreɪljənz soʊ ðət ðeɪ kən wɪn ðə ˈsɪriz. ðət ɪz ðə pərˈsɛpʃən ənd ðə pərˈsɛpʃən dɪz ðə neɪm ənd gʊd ˈstændɪŋ əv ðə noʊ gʊd æt ɔl. ɪn fækt ðə ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi əv ˈdɪsəpləˌnɛri ˈækʃənz ɪn ˈrəgbi ɪz ˈtrəbəlɪŋ. kənˈsɪstənsi ɪz dɪˈmændɪd əv ˌrɛfərˈiz. ɪt məst ˈʃʊrli bi məʧ ˈiziər tɪ əˈʧiv ɪn ðə ʤuˈdɪʃəl ˈprɔˌsɛs wɪʧ həz nən əv ðə ˈprɛʃərz əv taɪm ənd ˈækʃən ðət ə ˌrɛfərˈi həz. ənd ʤeɪmz əv ə lɔŋ kərɪr ɪn tɔp ˈrəgbi ənd ən ˌɪmˈpɛkəbəl ˈdɪsəpləˌnɛri ˈrɛkərd ɪz tɪ sɪt θru əˈnəðər ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri.
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james horwill, captain of australia, was cited by freek burger, the citing commissioner appointed by the irb, the charge putting a boot to the face of alun wyn jones the b&i lock.
the citing was accepted and horwill appeased before judicial hearing, chaired by nigel hampton of new zealand, also an irb appointee. it was a long inquiry.
the upshot was that the charge against horwill was set aside because hampton 'ound that, on the balance of probabilities, he could not find 'an intentional or deliberate action of stamping or trampling after viewing the incident from nine different camera angles'. the inquiry and investigation lasted over three hours
the irb received the full written decision from the hearing on monday. the irb did its own inquiry and notified the australian rugby union that it had appealed the decision taken by its own judicial offices.
that appeal is to be heard on monday, 1 july 2013. by the irb-appointed judicial official, graeme mew of canada.
perceptions are important. it is the first time the irb has taken such a stand.
on the same day as that test and horwill's action, the following four incidents occurred in the test between south africa and samoa where the citing commissioner was peter larter, the former england prop, and the judicial officer the experienced judge jeff blackett of england. they, too were appointed by the irb:
1. james so'oialo grabbed adriaan strauss by the testicles. larter cited and blackett said it could have been an accident and let so'oialo off.
the irb did not appeal the decision.
2. alesana tuilagi launched himself at jean de villiers. the match officials examined the incident and issued tuilagi a red card. it was certainly a dangerous tackle - at the neck with a stiff arm and lots on force on a player who did not have the ball. tuilagi appeared before blackett and was suspended for a week - a sort of 'let's pretend we are supporting the referee' suspension.
the irb did not appeal that decision.
3. jeremy su'a stamped on francois louw's face and drew blood at the level of his nose. it was an obvious act. larter did not cite su'a.
the irb did not insist that he be cited.
4. census johnston kicked coenie oosthuizen in the groin. it was an obvious act. larter did not cite johnston
the irb did not insist that johnston be cited.
in fact the irb have not been involved in the judicial decisions of their appointees except in the horwill case.
the impression - and impressions feed perceptions and end up as judgements - is that the irb are insisting that horwill be suspended.
why this case among so many?
the impression is that this is a case of irb bias. the irb is located in dublin, which is in ireland and close to england, scotland and wales, the four unions that make up the b&i lions. presumably most of their employees come from those four countries. presumably they also support the b&i lions and would like extra pressure on the australians so that they can win the series.
that is the perception and the perception does the name and good standing of the irb no good at all.
in fact the inconsistency of disciplinary actions in rugby is troubling. consistency is demanded of referees. it must surely be much easier to achieve in the judicial process which has none of the pressures of time and action that a referee has.
and james horwill of a long career in top rugby and an impeccable disciplinary record is to sit through another inquiry.
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ɪn ən iˈmeɪl riˈlist baɪ wikileaks*, ˈdɛməˌkræt ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən, pərˈhæps ðə moʊst ˈivəl ˈpərsən ˈɛvər ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd tɪ ðə waɪt haʊs baɪ ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈpɑrti, ʤɑn poʊˈdɛstə ənd ˈklɪntən kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz dɪˈrɛktər ˈʤɛnəfər ˌpɔlmiˈɛri ˈplɑtɪd weɪz tɪ əˈtæk ənd dɪˈskrɛdət rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. gowdy[/score*], r-s.c*., praɪər tɪ ən əˈpɪrəns ɔn ðə nation.”*.” æst mi wət əˈfɛns wi kʊd du təˈdeɪ tɪ sɛt əp ˈgaʊdi fər feɪs ðə ˈneɪʃən tomorrow,”*,” ˌpɔlmiˈɛri roʊt ɪn ən iˈmeɪl əˈdrɛst tɪ ə grup ðət ˌɪnˈkludɪd poʊˈdɛstə, ˈklɪntən ʧif əv stæf ˈʃɛrəl mɪlz ənd ˈspoʊksmən braɪən ˈfælən. ənd aɪ θɔt bɛst ˈɔpʃən wʊd bi ə ˈsteɪtmənt frəm poʊˈdɛstə duɪŋ səm əˈfɛns ɔn haʊ ðɪs ˈleɪtəst əbˈsɛʃən ɔn sɪd iˈmeɪlz ɪz əbˈsərd, ˈfərðər ˈɛvədəns ðɪs ɪz ˈpɑrtəzən effort,”*,” ʃi ˈædɪd. wɑz ˈhoʊpɪŋ fər ə ˈvɪdioʊ. θɪŋk ðət ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl fər təˈmɑˌroʊ. aɪ kʊd si duɪŋ wən fər ˈtuzˌdeɪ, wɪn wi hæv mɔr iˈmeɪl nuz tɪ feɪs ðət kʊd pʊt ɔl ðɪs ɪn ˈkɑntɛkst. ˈtrɛndɪŋ: ˈʤæksən, ˈmɪʃɪgən əˈnəðər feɪk heɪt kraɪm: ˈæktɪvɪst bərnz daʊn oʊn hoʊm wɪθ pɛts ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə ˈminˌtaɪm, nɪk ɪz ˈdræftɪŋ ə ˈsteɪtmənt ðət wi wɪl ʃɛr wɪθ ɔl əv ju. soʊ bi ɔn ðə ˈlʊˌkaʊt fər that.”*.” ə poʊst æt ðə ˈsɛnər fər ˈwɛstərn ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm ˈædɪd: ənd wət dɪd ˈklɪntən hæv tɪ fɪr frəm əˈpɪrəns ɔn ðə ˈproʊˌgræm? ˈplɛnti, ɛz ɪt tərnd aʊt. ðə ˈkɑŋgrəsmən noʊn ɛz bulldog”*” fər hɪz dɔgd, təˈneɪʃəs ˈsɪŋkɪŋ əv tiθ ˈɪntu ən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ənd nɑt ˈlɛtɪŋ goʊ, ˈsəmərˌaɪzd ðə ˈfaɪndɪŋz æt ðə taɪm ðət wər ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ tɪ keɪs. ðoʊz ˈfaɪndɪŋz wər ˈɑdli ˈɛkoʊd ə jɪr ˈleɪtər ˈæftər ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ʤeɪmz əˈnaʊnst ðət hi wɑz nɑt ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪŋ ˈkrɪmənəl ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst ˈklɪntən fər hər ˈfleɪgrəntli ˈkɛrlɛs ˈhændəlɪŋ əv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ɪn hər iˈmeɪl kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz. ˈnæʧərəli, ðə ˌɛgˈzɛkrəbəl ˈmidiə wɪʧ həz ˈlɑrʤli lɔst ɔl ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti wɪθ ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpipəl rɪfˈjuzɪz tɪ rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðɪs ənd kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ pʊʃ dɪˈbəŋkt ənd ənˈpruvən kleɪmz əv ˈsɛkʃuəl əˈbjuz ɪn wət naʊ əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ə koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd ˈɛfərt tɪ hænd əˈmɛrɪkə ˈoʊvər tɪ ˈklɪntən ənd hər puppet-master*, ʤɔrʤ ˈsɔroʊs. rɪˈleɪtɪd: ɪf ju ʧɛkt aʊt ənd laɪkt ɑr ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ, pliz goʊ hir ənd du soʊ.
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in an email released by wikileaks, democrat hillary clinton, perhaps the most evil person ever nominated to the white house by a major party, john podesta and clinton communications director jennifer palmieri plotted ways to attack and discredit rep. [score]trey gowdy[/score], r-s.c., prior to an appearance on “face the nation.”
“friends – hrc asked me what offense we could do today to set up gowdy for face the nation tomorrow,” palmieri wrote in an email addressed to a group that included podesta, clinton chief of staff cheryl mills and spokesman brian fallon.
“nick and i thought best option would be a statement from podesta doing some offense on how this latest obsession on sid emails is absurd, further evidence this is partisan effort,” she added.
“hrc was hoping for a video. don’t think that is possible for tomorrow. i could see doing one for tuesday, when we have more email news to face that could put all this in context.
trending: jackson, michigan – another fake hate crime: lgbtq activist burns down own home with pets inside
“in the meantime, nick is drafting a statement that we will share with all of you. so be on the lookout for that.”
a post at the center for western journalism added:
and what did clinton have to fear from gowdy’s appearance on the program? plenty, as it turned out.
the congressman known as “the bulldog” for his dogged, tenacious sinking of teeth into an investigation and not letting go, summarized the committee’s findings at the time that were devastating to clinton’s case. those findings were oddly echoed a year later after fbi director james comey announced that he was not recommending criminal charges against clinton for her flagrantly careless handling of american national security in her email communications.
naturally, the execrable media — which has largely lost all credibility with the american people — refuses to report on this and continues to push debunked and unproven claims of sexual abuse in what now appears to be a coordinated effort to hand america over to clinton and her puppet-master, george soros.
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haʊ tɪ ʧɛk ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈsɪgnəʧərz ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2013 ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ər nɑt laɪk ˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ðeɪ ˈhændəl ril ˈməni ənd ɛz səʧ nid tɪ bi ˈtritɪd wɪθ mɔr sɪˈkjʊrəti priˈkɔʃənz ðən ju wʊd ˈəðərˌwaɪz juz. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈkɑmbæt ˈmælˌwɛr ɔl ˈdaʊnˌloʊdz prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ər sərvd ˈoʊvər ənd ər saɪnd. ðɪs minz ðət ðeɪ ˈkænɑt bi ˈɔltərd wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˌɔltərˈeɪʃən biɪŋ dɪˈtɛktɪd. ɪn ˈmɛni ˈkeɪsɪz ˈsɪmpli əkˈwaɪərɪŋ ðə koʊd dɪˈrɛkt frəm ˈoʊvər wɪl bi səˈfɪʃənt sɪˈkjʊrəti bət wi æt bɪˈliv ɪn goʊɪŋ ðə ˈɛkstrə maɪl tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ðɛr ɪz noʊ daʊt ðət wət ju θɪŋk ju hæv ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd ɪz ɪgˈzæktli wət wi hæv ˈpəblɪʃt. tɪ ðət ɛnd hir ɪz ə ʃɔrt ˈtɛknɪkəl gaɪd tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ ˈsɪgnəʧərz ˈjuzɪŋ. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪz eɪmd æt ˈpipəl hu ər ˈkəmfərtəbəl wɪθ ðə kəˈmænd laɪn bət hæv nɑt spɛnt məʧ taɪm ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ənd soʊ ɔn. ɛz ˈjuʒəwəl kəˈmændz ər wɪθ ˈiðər ər tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˈtɪpɪkəl kəˈmænd prɑmpt fər ˈwɪndoʊz ər ˈjunɪks. aɪ hæv ˌɪnˈstɔld ənd ʤɪst wɔnt ðə spɪˈsɪfɪks fər. stɛp 1 ɪn ˈækʃən ðə fərst stɛp ɔn ðə roʊd tɪ sɪˈkjʊrəti ɪz ˈækˌsɛs tɪ strɔŋ cryptography*. wɪl stɑrt baɪ kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə ˈsɪmpəl wən laɪn tɛkst faɪl: ˈɛkoʊ "hɛˈloʊ wərld" ðə əˈbəv həz ən ɪkˈspɛktɪd hæʃ əv wɪʧ wi wɪl naʊ əˈtɛmpt tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ. dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn jʊr ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm jul nid tɪ ˌɪnˈstɔl ə fju ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ɪn ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈɔrdər tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ə ˈsɑləd trəst faʊnˈdeɪʃən. ˈwɪndoʊz ˌɪnˈstɔl ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔfts faɪl ˌɪnˈtɛgrəti (fciv*) ɪz ə kəˈmænd laɪn tul ðət prəˈvaɪdz ˈækˌsɛs tɪ checksums*. wəns ˌɪnˈstɔld, ju kən tɛst ɪt aʊt ɔn jʊr ɪgˈzæmpəl faɪl ɛz ˈfɑloʊz ju meɪ faɪnd ðət ðə faɪl kənˈteɪnz ðə kwoʊts sərˈaʊndɪŋ ðə wərdz ənd ɪz ˈlaɪkli stɔrd ˈjuzɪŋ ˈwɪndoʊz laɪn ˈɛndɪŋz (crlf*) ˈrəðər ðən ˈjunɪks (lf*). əˈvɔɪdɪŋ ðɪs ɪn ˈwɪndoʊz ˌɪnˈvɑlvz ə fɛr bɪt əv kəˈmænd laɪn ˈtrɪkəri soʊ ɪt ɪz ˈiziər tɪ ˈsɪmpli ˈɛdət ðə faɪl ˈmænjuəli tɪ strɪp aʊt ðə ˈɛkstrə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd ʧeɪnʤ ðə faɪl seɪv ˈfɔrˌmæt tɪ riʧ ðə kˈwoʊtɪd waɪl ə ˈhæsəl, ðɪs dɪz pruv ðət ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ɪz kərˈɛktli dɪˈtɛktɪŋ ðə moʊst ˈmɪnət əv ˈdɪfərənsɪz. mæk juz ɑs ɛks ʃɪps wɪθ ən ˈoʊldər ˈvərʒən əv ðət səˈpɔrts ju meɪ wɔnt tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt ɪt, bət ðə ˈstændərd ˈvərʒən ɪz gʊd ɪˈnəf fər ɑr ˈpərpəsɪz. ˈlɪnəks juz səm moʊst ˈlɪnəks ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃənz ʃɪp wɪθ ðə juˈtɪləti. stɛp 2 ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ənd ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ æt ðɪs pɔɪnt wi hæv ə weɪ əv ˈvɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈtɛgrəti əv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ wi ˈdaʊnˌloʊd, bət wi doʊnt hæv ˈɛni weɪ tɪ pruv ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti. ˈɛniˌwən kʊd ˈproʊdus ə ˈkɑpi əv kənˈteɪnɪŋ məˈlɪʃəs koʊd wɪθ ə ˈvælɪd ənd ɪt wʊd pæs ɑr ˈrəðər wik tɛst. wi nid ə ˈsɪgnəʧər. ðɪs ɪz prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪn ðə (gpg*) swit əv ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ðət ər əˈveɪləbəl fər ˈdaʊnˌloʊd. ju kən ʧuz tɪ juz ðɛr ˈbaɪnəˌri ˌɪnˈstɔlərz bət rɪˈmɛmbər tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ wət ju hæv ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əˈbəv. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ˈæftər ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪŋ ðə tulz ˌɪnˈstɔlər ənd ˈklɪkɪŋ ɔn ðə lɪŋk wi kən ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ: sha1(gpgtools-2013.5.20.dmg*)= tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðət ɪz ˌɪnˈstɔld ənd ˈwərkɪŋ juz ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ: --ˈvərʒən ðə rɪˈzəlt ʃʊd lʊk ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ðɪs: mɔr ˈɪnfoʊ ˈæftər ju hæv ˈvɛrəˌfaɪd ju kən ðɛn juz ˌɪtˈsɛlf tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ɔl fˈjuʧər ˈəpˌdeɪts ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs dɪˈskraɪbd nɛkst. stɛp 3 ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ənd ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ɔn ˈstɑrˌtəp wɪl ʧɛk wɪθ ðə meɪn saɪt tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðət ɪt ɪz stɪl ðə ˈleɪtəst riˈlist ˈvərʒən. ɪf nɑt ðɛn ɪt wɪl ˈprɛzənt ə ˈdaɪəlɔg tɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm ðə ˈjuzər ənd ˈoʊpən ə ˈbraʊzər ˈwɪndoʊ tɪ əˈsɪst ðə ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ˈprɔˌsɛs. ˌɪmˈpɔrt ʤɪmz ˈpəblɪk ki ðə ˈtɪpɪkəl ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz tɪ ˈsɪmpli klɪk ɔn ðə ˌɪnˈstɔlər ˈpækɪʤ lɪŋk fər jʊr ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm ənd goʊ θru ðə ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən ˈwɪzərd. ɪn ðɪs keɪs wɪr goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli juz ðə ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈsɪgnəʧər prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðət ðə ˈdaʊnˌloʊd həz bɪn saɪnd baɪ ðə lɛd dɪˈvɛləpər ʤɪm ˈbərtən. wi ˌɪmˈpɔrt ʤɪmz ˈpəblɪk ki ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ kəˈmænd: : rɪkˈwɛstɪŋ ki frəm ˈsərvər: ki "ʤɪm ˈbərtən dɪˈvɛləpər) <jim618@fastmail.co.uk*>" nɑt ʧeɪnʤd: ˈtoʊtəl ˈnəmbər ˈprɑsɛst: 1: ənˈʧeɪnʤd: 1 iʧ ˈpəblɪk ki həz ə juˈnik ˈnəmbər wɪʧ həz bɪn prəˈvaɪdɪd ɔn ðə meɪn ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. ɛz mɔr ˈpipəl ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ saɪn ðə riˈlis ðɛn mɔr kiz wɪl bi pərˈzɛnəd ɔn ðə saɪt. baɪ ˌɪmˈpɔrtɪŋ ðə ki ju gɪv ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ʧɛk ðət ðə ki həz nɑt bɪn rɪˈvoʊkt, ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ minz ðət ju kən naʊ sɛnd ðə ˈoʊnər əv ðə ki ɪnˈkrɪptɪd ˈmɛsɪʤɪz. ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðə ˌɪnˈstɔlər ˈsɪgnəʧər wi ər naʊ ˈrɛdi tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðə ˌɪnˈstɔlər ˈsɪgnəʧər. frəm ðə ˈdaʊnˌloʊd peɪʤ, klɪk ðə "ˌɪnˈstɔlərz ənd ˈsɪgnəʧərz" lɪŋk ˌbiˈsaɪd ðə ˈleɪtəst ˌɪnˈstɔlər fər jʊr ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm. ju wɪl si ðə rɑ ˈdaʊnˌloʊd peɪʤ. juz faɪl "seɪv ɛz" tɪ ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ðə ˈsɪgnəʧər faɪl tɪ ðə seɪm loʊˈkeɪʃən ɛz ðə ˌɪnˈstɔlər. ʤɪst ˈklɪkɪŋ ɪt wɪl ʃoʊ ðə ˈkɑntɛnts ɪn jʊr ˈbraʊzər. noʊt ðət ə ˈsɪgnəʧər faɪl həz ə ɪkˈstɛnʃən (fər ˈæski"). ju kən naʊ ˈɪʃu ðə ˌvɛrəfəˈkeɪʃən kəˈmænd. ðə ɪgˈzæmpəl bɪˈloʊ ɪz fər ə ˈvərʒən ˈwɪndoʊz ˌɪnˈstɔlər. --ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ: əˈsumɪŋ saɪnd ˈdætə ɪn `multibit-hd-windows-x64-0.1.0.exe*': ˈsɪgnəʧər meɪd tu 9 ʤən 2015 ˈjuzɪŋ ki ˈaɪˈdi: gʊd ˈsɪgnəʧər frəm "ʤɪm ˈbərtən dɪˈvɛləpər) <jim618@fastmail.co.uk*>" ju meɪ si ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ əˈdɪʃənəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən:: ˈwɔrnɪŋ: ðɪs ki ɪz nɑt ˈsərtəˌfaɪd wɪθ ə ˈtrəstɪd ˈsɪgnəʧər!: ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən ðət ðə ˈsɪgnəʧər bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ ðə ˈoʊnər. ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnt: ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnt: 0820 ðɪs ˈwɔrnɪŋ frəm ɪz tɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm ju ðət ju doʊnt trəst ˈɛni kiz ðət hæv saɪnd ʤɪmz ki. ɛz mɔr ˈpipəl saɪn ʤɪmz ki ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ju wɪl ɪnˈkaʊnər ˈsəmˌwən huz ki ju du trəst ənd ðət wɪl ɪn tərn ˈvælədeɪt ʤɪmz ki ɪn jʊr trəst ʧeɪn. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ trəst ðɪs ki ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ju məst saɪn ɪt wɪθ jʊr oʊn ki. fʊl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ki ˈsaɪnɪŋ, ənd ˈəðər ˈfiʧərz əv ɪz əˈveɪləbəl hir. ˈfaɪnəl noʊts ðə juz əv ˈsɪgnəʧərz prəˈvaɪdz ə ˌgɛrənˈti ðət wət ju θɪŋk ju hæv ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈprɛzənt ɔn jʊr ˈsɪstəm. ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ər nɑt laɪk ˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ðeɪ ˈhændəl ril ˈməni ənd ɛz səʧ nid tɪ bi ˈtritɪd wɪθ mɔr sɪˈkjʊrəti priˈkɔʃənz ðən ju wʊd ˈəðərˌwaɪz juz. ɪt ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz wərθ ˈlərnɪŋ mɔr əˈbaʊt ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi ju juz ənd ˈhoʊpfəli ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl həz ˈgɪvɪn ju ə teɪst.
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how to check digital signatures
july 24th 2013
bitcoin applications are not like ordinary applications - they handle real money and as such need to be treated with more security precautions than you would otherwise use.
in order to combat malware all downloads provided by multibit are served over https and are cryptographically signed. this means that they cannot be altered without the alteration being detected.
in many cases simply acquiring the code direct from multibit.org over https will be sufficient security but we at multibit believe in going the extra mile to ensure that there is no doubt that what you think you have downloaded is exactly what we have published. to that end here is a short technical guide to verifying signatures using gpg.
this article is aimed at people who are comfortable with the command line but have not spent much time working with sha1, gpg and so on. as usual commands are prefixed with either > or $ to show the typical command prompt for windows or unix.
i have gpg installed and just want the specifics for multibit.
step 1 - sha1 in action
the first step on the road to security is access to strong cryptography. we'll start by creating a simple one line text file:
$ echo "hello world" > example.txt
the above has an expected sha1 hash of 33ab5639bfd8e7b95eb1d8d0b87781d4ffea4d5d which we will now attempt to verify. depending on your operating system you'll need to install a few applications in a particular order to establish a solid trust foundation.
windows - install fciv
microsoft's file checksum integrity verifier (fciv) is a command line tool that provides access to sha1 checksums.
once installed, you can test it out on your example file as follows
> fciv.exe -sha1 example.txt
you may find that the example.txt file contains the quotes surrounding the words and is likely stored using windows line endings (crlf) rather than unix (lf). avoiding this in windows involves a fair bit of command line trickery so it is easier to simply edit the file manually to strip out the extra information and change the file save format to reach the quoted sha1. while a hassle, this does prove that the sha1 operation is correctly detecting the most minute of differences.
mac - use openssl
os x ships with an older version of openssl that supports sha1. you may want to update it, but the standard version is good enough for our purposes.
$ openssl sha1 example.txt
linux - use sha1 sum
most linux distributions ship with the sha1sum utility.
$ sha1sum example.txt
step 2 - download and verify gpg
at this point we have a way of verifying the integrity of anything we download, but we don't have any way to prove authenticity. anyone could produce a copy of multibit containing malicious code with a valid sha1 and it would pass our rather weak test. we need a cryptographic signature.
this is provided in the gnupg (gpg) suite of applications that are available for download. you can choose to use their binary installers but remember to verify what you have downloaded using the sha1 process above.
for example after downloading the gpg tools installer and clicking on the sha1 link we can verify the following:
$ openssl sha1 gpgtools-2013.5.20.dmg sha1(gpgtools-2013.5.20.dmg)= 9f9fea935b3ce90d8d04542a754b8778f82a8b1b
to verify that gpg is installed and working use the following:
gpg --version
the result should look something like this:
gpg (gnupg/macgpg2) 2.0.17 libgcrypt 1.4.6 ... more info ...
after you have verified gpg you can then use gpg itself to verify all future gpg updates using the process described next.
step 3 - download and verify multibit
on startup multibit will check with the main site to verify that it is still the latest released version. if not then it will present a dialog to inform the user and open a browser window to assist the download process.
import jim's public key
the typical process is to simply click on the installer package link for your operating system and go through the installation wizard. in this case we're going to actually use the digital signature provided by multibit to verify that the download has been signed by the lead developer jim burton.
we import jim's public key (0x79f7c572 ) using the following command:
$ gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 0x79f7c572 gpg: requesting key 79f7c572 from hkp server pgp.mit.edu gpg: key 79f7c572: "jim burton (multibit.org developer) <jim618@fastmail.co.uk>" not changed gpg: total number processed: 1 gpg: unchanged: 1
each public key has a unique number which has been provided on the main multibit website. as more people decide to sign the multibit release then more keys will be presented on the site. by importing the key you give gpg the opportunity to check that the key has not been revoked, it also means that you can now send the owner of the key encrypted messages.
verify the installer signature
we are now ready to verify the multibit installer signature. from the download page, click the "installers and signatures" link beside the latest installer for your operating system.
you will see the raw download page. use file | "save as" to download the signature file to the same location as the installer. just clicking it will show the contents in your browser. note that a signature file has a .asc extension (for "armoured ascii").
you can now issue the verification command. the example below is for a multibit hd version 0.1.0 windows installer.
$ gpg --verify multibit-hd-windows-x64-0.1.0.exe.asc gpg: assuming signed data in `multibit-hd-windows-x64-0.1.0.exe' gpg: signature made tue 9 jun 13:53:45 2015 bst using rsa key id 23f7fb7b gpg: good signature from "jim burton (multibit.org developer) <jim618@fastmail.co.uk>"
you may see the following additional information:
gpg: warning: this key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: there is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. primary key fingerprint: 299c 423c 672f 47f4 756a 6ba4 c197 2aed 79f7 c572 subkey fingerprint: 4a71 a836 f572 01b4 d088 7d60 0820 a658 23f7 fb7b
this warning from gpg is to inform you that you don't trust any keys that have signed jim's key. as more people sign jim's key eventually you will encounter someone whose key you do trust and that will in turn validate jim's key in your trust chain. if you want to trust this key immediately you must sign it with your own key. full information about key signing, and other features of gpg is available here.
final notes
the use of cryptographic signatures provides a guarantee that what you think you have downloaded is actually present on your system. bitcoin applications are not like ordinary applications - they handle real money and as such need to be treated with more security precautions than you would otherwise use. it is always worth learning more about the technology you use and hopefully this article has given you a taste.
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ˈædəˌleɪd ˈsaɪkəlɪsts kən lərn frəm ʤəˈpænz ˈtɑlərəns fər ˈraɪdərz ɔn, ˈprɑspɛkt meɪər sɪz ˈpoʊstɪd ˈtɑlərəns bɪtˈwin ˈsaɪkəlɪsts ənd pəˈdɛstriənz ɪz ðə ki tɪ seɪf ˈfʊtˌpæθ ˈʃɛrɪŋ ɪn ˈædəˌleɪd, sɪz ə səˈbərbən meɪər hu həz ʤɪst sin haʊ ˈraɪdərz koʊp ɪn ˈbɪzi ˈsɪtiz ɪn ʤəˈpæn. ˈprɑspɛkt meɪər ˈdeɪvɪd oʊˈlaʊklɪn həz spɛnt mɔr ðən ə ˈfɔrtˌnaɪt əbˈzərvɪŋ ˈsaɪkəlɪsts, ˈɔfən ɔn, waɪl ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ˈtoʊkiˌoʊ, oʊˈsɑkə ənd ˌhɪˈroʊʃɪmə. hi toʊld 891 ˈeɪˌbiˌsi ˈædəˌleɪd hi sɔ ˈpipəl əv ɔl ˈeɪʤɪz ˈraɪdɪŋ baɪks ˈseɪfli ənd noʊ ˈɛvədəns əv ˈprɑbləmz bɪtˈwin ˈsaɪkəlɪsts, pəˈdɛstriənz ənd ˈdraɪvərz. "aɪ lʊkt ˈkɛrfəli ˈoʊvər wiks tɪ si səm ˈɛvədəns əv ˌɑltərˈkeɪʃən ər ˈɪnʤəri, keɪɑs ənd sɔ ˈnəθɪŋ ˈəðər ðən ˈpipəl ʤɪst goʊɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðɛr ˈbɪznɪs ənd ˈraɪdɪŋ baɪks," hi sɛd. "ˈʤɛnərəli ˈpipəl wʊd ʤɪst raɪd ˈɛni oʊld wɛr ɔn kwaɪt ˈbɪzi, ənd aɪ wʊd səˈʤɛst tɪ ju ɛz ˈbɪzi ɛz ˈɛni ɪn ˈædəˌleɪd. "ðeɪ wʊd ʤɪst raɪd sˈloʊli ənd miˈændər əraʊnd ˈpipəl ˈpipəl hæd praɪˈɔrəti, ˈpipəl ɔn fʊt ðət ɪz." ˈmɪstər oʊˈlaʊklɪn sɛd ˈpɛrənts ˈɔfən hæd ˈʧɪldrən ˈbælənst ɔn ðɛr baɪks ənd fju ˈpipəl wɔr ˈhɛlməts. "aɪ ˈivɪn sɔ ˈpipəl ˈraɪdɪŋ θru ˈʃɑpɪŋ mɔlz ənd, əˈgɛn, duɪŋ ɪt kwaɪt rɪˈspɛktfəli ənd ˈməðərz wɪθ ˈʧɪldrən ˈbælənst frənt ənd rɪr ˈraɪdɪŋ æt ˈwɔkɪŋ peɪs, ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli wɛl ˈbælənst aɪ hæv tɪ seɪ," hi sɛd. "ðɛrz ə lɔt əv ˈtɑlərəns fər boʊθ fɔrmz əv ˈtrænspɔrt [ˈraɪdɪŋ ənd ˈwɔkɪŋ]." eɪʤ noʊ ˈbɛriər tɪ seɪf ˈraɪdɪŋ ɪn ʤəˈpæn: meɪər ðə ˈprɑspɛkt meɪər sɛd ðɛr wər ˈmɛni ˈoʊldər ˈpipəl sˈloʊli ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɛr weɪ əˈlɔŋ ɔn baɪks. "wət wi sɔ ɪz ˈɛniˌwən hu ɪz ˈeɪbəl, wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʧuz tɪ raɪd," hi sɛd. "wi sɔ oʊld ˈpipəl ˈraɪdɪŋ əˈlɔŋ tɪ goʊ tɪ ðə ʃɑp ər tɪ goʊ tɪ ðə pɑrk ər ðə ˈtɛmpəl [ənd] sɔ ˈjəŋgər ˈpipəl. "ðə pəˈlis ɪn ðə ˈloʊkəl ər ɔl ɔn baɪks ˈdɪdənt si ˈmɛni pəˈlis kɑz æt ɔl, sɔ ə lɔt əv pəˈlis baɪks ənd ɔl ðə dɪˈlɪvər ðə meɪl ˈjuzɪŋ ˈbaɪsɪkəlz ɛz wɛl." hi sɛd spid wɑz nɑt ðə eɪm fər ðoʊz hu roʊd ɪn ˈbɪzi ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈsɪtiz ənd baɪks simd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə ˈfæstər ˈʤərni ðən ˈwɔkɪŋ ər ˈdraɪvɪŋ. "ˈpipəl sɪt ˈəˌpraɪt ɔn ðɛr baɪks, ðɛr nɑt bɛnt ˈoʊvər ɪn ə ˈreɪsɪŋ poʊz," hi sɛd. ˈmɪstər oʊˈlaʊklɪn sɛd pəˈdɛstriənz simd nɑt tɪ hæv tɪ kip ˈɛni ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr wɔʧ aʊt fər ˈraɪdərz, hu stɪrd əraʊnd ðɛm, æt tu tɪ θri taɪmz ˈwɔkɪŋ peɪs. "ʤɪst tɪ lʊk ənd si haʊ ˈpipəl dil wɪθ ðiz ˈɪʃuz ɪn ˈəðər ˈkəntriz, ɪt ˈoʊpənz ɑr maɪndz əp tɪ ˈdɪfərənt weɪz əv duɪŋ θɪŋz æt hoʊm," hi sɛd. nu ˈsaɪkəlɪŋ rulz tʊk ˈifɛkt ɪn saʊθ ɔˈstreɪljə ðɪs wik, rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ˈdraɪvərz tɪ kip wən ˈmitər ər mɔr klɪr əv ˈsaɪkəlɪsts ɔn roʊdz, əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈraɪdərz tɪ juz ənd pərˈmɪtɪŋ ˈdraɪvərz tɪ krɔs ˈdəbəl laɪnz ɔn roʊdz tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈsaɪkəlɪsts, prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪt wɑz klɪr tɪ du soʊ. ˈædəˌleɪd ˈsɪti ˈkaʊnsəl ɪz kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ baɪk leɪnz ɪn ðə cbd*, ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz əv ˈtræfɪk kənˈʤɛsʧən ənd ˈseɪfti kənˈsərnz fər ˈsaɪkəlɪsts. lɔrd meɪər ˈmɑrtɪn his sɛd ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm eɪm fər ðə ˈsɪti wɑz tɪ hæv ən ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ˈsaɪkəlɪŋ ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər. "lɛts gɪt ðɪs raɪt ənd lɛts du ˈsəmθɪŋ wɪʧ stændz ðə tɛst əv taɪm," hi sɛd. ə ˈsɪti ˈkaʊnsəl dɪˈzaɪn rɪˈpɔrt sɛd ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ˌɪmˈpruvmənts fər ˈkɑrənt baɪk leɪnz wʊd kɔst əˈbaʊt ˈtɑpɪks: lifestyle-and-leisure*, lɔz, local-government*, government-and-politics*, urban-development-and-planning*, community-and-society*, sɑ,
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adelaide cyclists can learn from japan's tolerance for riders on footpaths, prospect mayor says
posted
tolerance between cyclists and pedestrians is the key to safe footpath sharing in adelaide, says a suburban mayor who has just seen how riders cope in busy cities in japan.
prospect mayor david o'loughlin has spent more than a fortnight observing cyclists, often on footpaths, while visiting tokyo, osaka and hiroshima.
he told 891 abc adelaide he saw people of all ages riding bikes safely and no evidence of problems between cyclists, pedestrians and drivers.
"i looked carefully over two-and-a-half weeks to see some evidence of altercation or injury, chaos ... and saw nothing other than people just going about their business and riding bikes," he said.
"generally people would just ride any old where on footpaths — quite busy footpaths, and i would suggest to you as busy as any in adelaide.
"they would just ride slowly and meander around people — people had priority, people on foot that is."
mr o'loughlin said parents often had children balanced on their bikes and few people wore helmets.
"i even saw people riding through shopping malls and, again, doing it quite respectfully — and mothers with children balanced front and rear riding at walking pace, incredibly well balanced i have to say," he said.
"there's a lot of tolerance for both forms of transport [riding and walking]."
age no barrier to safe riding in japan: mayor
the prospect mayor said there were many older people slowly making their way along footpaths on bikes.
"what we saw is anyone who is able, was able to choose to ride," he said.
"we saw old people riding along to go to the shop or to go to the park or the temple [and] saw younger people.
"the police in the local prefectures are all on bikes — didn't see many police cars at all, saw a lot of police bikes and all the posties deliver the mail using bicycles as well."
he said speed was not the aim for those who rode in busy japanese cities and bikes seemed to provide a faster journey than walking or driving.
"people sit upright on their bikes, they're not bent over in a racing pose," he said.
mr o'loughlin said pedestrians seemed not to have to keep any particular watch out for riders, who courteously steered around them, at two to three times walking pace.
"just to look and see how people deal with these issues in other countries, it opens our minds up to different ways of doing things at home," he said.
new cycling rules took effect in south australia this week, requiring drivers to keep one metre or more clear of cyclists on roads, allowing riders to use footpaths and permitting drivers to cross double lines on roads to avoid cyclists, provided it was clear to do so.
adelaide city council is considering changes to bike lanes in the cbd, in part because of traffic congestion and safety concerns for cyclists.
lord mayor martin haese said the long-term aim for the city was to have an extensive cycling infrastructure.
"let's get this right ... and let's do something which stands the test of time," he said.
a city council design report said short-term improvements for current bike lanes would cost about $100,000.
topics: lifestyle-and-leisure, laws, local-government, government-and-politics, urban-development-and-planning, community-and-society, adelaide-5000, sa, prospect-5082
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pəˈlis ˈsikrɪtli ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd ðə ˈtrævəl ˈhæbəts, ˈfæməli, frɛndz ənd ˈbækˌgraʊndz əv ˈɪnəsənt ˈpipəl læst jɪr ˈæftər ðeɪ bɔt pleɪn ˈtɪkɪts tɪ flaɪ ˈɪntu ənd aʊt əv ˈbrɪtən. ðə ˌɪnˈtrusɪvnɛs həz prəˈvoʊkt fˈjʊri əˈməŋ ˈsɪvəl ˈlɪbərˌtiz kæmˈpeɪnərz ənd naʊ meɪ bi stɑpt baɪ ˈbrɪtənz nu ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈgəvərnmənt. ðə flaɪərz wər ˈsɪŋgəld aʊt baɪ ðə 'ˈtɛrərɪst dɪˈtɛktər' ˈdætəˌbeɪs, ˌɪntrəˈdust baɪ ˈleɪbər, ˈmɑnətərɪŋ ˈmɪljənz əv ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈtʊrɪsts ənd ˈəðər ˈtrævələrz. ʧɛks ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˈskrutəni əv ðə pəˈlis ˈnæʃənəl kəmˈpjutər, ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈrɛkərdz ənd æˈnælɪsɪs əv 'noʊn əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪts' ˌbiˈfɔr ˈpipəl wər klɪrd fər ˈtrævəl. jɛt ɪt ɪz ˌəndərˈstʊd ðə ˈbɪljən ˈsɪstəm həz ˈnɛvər lɛd tɪ ðə ərˈɛst əv ə ˈtɛrərɪst ənd pəˈlis naʊ juz ɪt tɪ ˈtərgət 'sɛks əˈfɛndərz ənd ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˈhulɪgənz'. pəˈlis hæv ˈɔlsoʊ juzd ɪt tɪ ˈproʊdus ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns rɪˈpɔrts ɔn ˈtrævələrz fər 'fˈjuʧər juz'. ðeɪ kən bi ʃɛrd baɪ sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈwərldˈwaɪd. 'ˈsəˌspɛkt' rɪkˈwɛsts ˈlaɪkli tɪ lɛd tɪ ˈɪnəsənt rɪˈsivɪŋ 'rɛd flægz' ɛz pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ˌɪnˈklud ˈɔrdərɪŋ ə ˌvɛʤəˈtɛˌriən mil, ˈæskɪŋ fər ən sit ənd ˈtrævəlɪŋ wɪθ ə ˈhəzbənd ər waɪf. rɛd ðə hoʊl ˈstɔri hir. ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ˈkɑmɛnts:
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police secretly investigated the travel habits, family, friends and backgrounds of 47,000 innocent people last year after they bought plane tickets to fly into and out of britain.
the intrusiveness has provoked fury among civil liberties campaigners and now may be stopped by britain's new coalition government.
the flyers were singled out by the 'terrorist detector' database, introduced by labour, monitoring millions of british tourists and other travellers.
checks included scrutiny of the police national computer, financial records and analysis of 'known associates' before people were cleared for travel.
yet it is understood the £1.2 billion system has never led to the arrest of a terrorist - and police now use it to target 'sex offenders and football hooligans'.
police have also used it to produce 14,000 intelligence reports on travellers for 'future use'. they can be shared by security services worldwide.
'suspect' requests likely to lead to innocent holidaymakers receiving 'red flags' as potential terrorists include ordering a vegetarian meal, asking for an over-wing seat and travelling with a foreign-born husband or wife.
read the whole story here.
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ðə fərst blæk ˈwʊmən tɪ hoʊld ðə ˈtaɪtəl əv mɪs ˌæləˈbæmə ˈpoʊstɪd ə ˈtɪrfəl ˈmɛsɪʤ ˈsənˌdi ˈkɔlɪŋ ˈdæləs kɑp ˈkɪlər ˈmaɪkə ˈzeɪvjər ˈʤɑnsən ə ““martyr.”*.” ˈʧæpmən ʤeɪmz, hu wɑz kraʊnd mɪs ˌæləˈbæmə ˌbiˈfɔr ˈpleɪsɪŋ ɛz ə ɪn ðə 1994 mɪs əˈmɛrɪkə ˈpæʤənt, ˈpoʊstɪd ə lɪv ˈvɪdioʊ ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk bɪn vjud mɔr ðən taɪmz. wɔnt tɪ fil ðɪs way,”*,” mɪz. ʤeɪmz sɛd ˈɪntu ðə ˈkæmərə. ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ə bɪt əv gɪlt bɪˈkəz aɪ fil sæd fər ðə ˈɔfɪsərz ðət lɔst ðɛr lɪvz, ənd aɪ noʊ ðət nɑt ˈrɪli maɪ hɑrt. aɪ ˈvælju ˈjumən laɪf, ənd aɪ wɔnt tɪ fil sæd fər ðɛm, bət aɪ hɛlp bət [fil] laɪk ðə ˈʃutər wɑz ə ˈmɑrtər. ənd aɪ noʊ nɑt ðə raɪt weɪ tɪ fil, bɪˈkəz ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi dɪˈzərvz tɪ luz ðɛr lɪvz ənd aɪ noʊ ðət ðoʊz pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz hæd ˈfæməliz ənd ˈpipəl hu ləvd ðɛm ənd ðət ðeɪ dɪˈzərv tɪ die.”*.” soʊ tɔrn əp ɪn maɪ hɑrt əˈbaʊt siɪŋ ðiz mɛn, ðiz blæk mɛn, biɪŋ gənd daʊn ɪn ɑr kəmˈjunɪti ðət aɪ help,”*,” ʃi kənˈtɪnjud, ˈsɑbɪŋ. səˈpraɪzd baɪ wət ðə ˈʃutər dɪd tɪ ðoʊz kɑps, ənd aɪ θɪŋk ə lɔt əv ˈjuˈɛs fil ðə seɪm way.”*.” noʊ ðət nɑt raɪt, ənd aɪ ˈdɛfənətli kənˈdoʊn ˈvaɪələns, bət sɪk əv this,”*,” ʃi sɛd. sɪk əv ðɪs, ənd ˈsəmθɪŋ həz tɪ bi dən, period.”*.” mɪz. ʤeɪmz, hu ɪz naʊ ə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən hoʊst ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn maɪˈæmi, ˈleɪtər ˈklɛrəˌfaɪd hər θɔts ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt tɪ al.com*. si ˈɔlsoʊ: grɛg ˈælən, blæk ˈtɛksəs pəˈlis ʧif, kɔlz blæk lɪvz ˈmætər ə heɪt group’*’ hɑrt ənd maɪ maɪnd wər kənˈflɪktɪd bɪˈkəz ðiz ər ˈdɪfəkəlt ənd ˈvɛri ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl taɪmz fər soʊ ˈmɛni people,”*,” hər ˈsteɪtmənt sɛd ɪn pɑrt. wɛnt tɪ ʧərʧ tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs maɪ ˈfilɪŋz ənd dil wɪθ ðɛm frəm ə pərˈspɛktɪv əv fərˈgɪvnəs ənd ləv. əˈspɛʃəli fərˈgɪvɪŋ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf fər ˈfilɪŋ ðət weɪ. ər rɑ wundz ðət ər frɛʃ ənd, waɪl aɪ əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz ɪf aɪ əˈfɛndɪd ˈɛniˌwən, aɪ ˈkænɑt hɛlp ðə weɪ aɪ fil ɛz aɪ kənˈtɪnju tɪ ˈprɔˌsɛs ðiz ɪˈvɛnts ənd dil wɪθ ðə fləd əv ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz ðət kəm frəm ˈwɪtnəsɪŋ səʧ əˈtrɑsətiz boʊθ əˈgɛnst ˈsɪtɪzənz ənd ˈɔfɪsərz əv ðə law,”*,” ʃi sɛd. fækt ðət maɪ əˈpɪnjən wɑz kənˈsɪdərd ˈnuzˌwərði meɪks mi fil laɪk ˈspikɪŋ əp wɑz ɪgˈzæktli wət aɪ ʃʊd du, bɪˈkəz aɪ kən vɔɪs wət soʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl ər ˈfilɪŋ ənd ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ənd ðeɪ ʃʊd noʊ ðeɪ ər nɑt əˈloʊn. aɪ riˈɪtərˌeɪt ðət aɪ du nɑt kənˈdoʊn ˈvaɪələns ər ˈkɪlɪŋ æt ɔl. aɪ ˈɔfər maɪ ˈdipəst kənˈdoʊlənsəz tɪ ɔl ðə ˈfæməliz hu lɔst ðɛr ləvd wənz ðɪs wik, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈɔfɪsərz ɪn dallas.”*.” ə loʊn ˈgənmən əˈtækt ə blæk lɪvz ˈmætər ˈproʊˌtɛst ɪn ˈdæləs ˈθərzˌdeɪ naɪt, ˈkɪlɪŋ faɪv pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz ənd ˈwundɪŋ ˈsɛvən ˈɔfɪsərz. ðə ˈræli wɑz ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə pəˈlis ˈʃutɪŋz əv ˈɔltən ˈstərlɪŋ ɪn luˌiziˈænə ənd ɪn ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə ˈərliər ɪn ðə wik. mɪz. james‘*‘ ɪmˈplɔɪər, ðə saʊθ ˈflɔrɪdə əˈfɪliˌeɪt wpbt*, sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt ˈmənˌdeɪ naɪt ðət ʃi hæd bɪn səˈspɛndɪd. saʊθ ˈflɔrɪdə dɪz nɑt kənˈdoʊn ðə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈsteɪtmənts meɪd baɪ wən əv ɪts ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈkɑnˌtræktərz rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ɪˈvɛnts ɪn dallas,”*,” ðə ˈsteɪtmənt sɛd. pleɪst ðə ˈkɑnˌtræktər ɔn ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv liv waɪl ɪt ˈæktɪvli ənd ˈkɛrfəli lʊks ˈfərðər ˈɪntu ðə ˈmætər ənd wɪl dɪˈtərmən əˈdɪʃənəl kɔrs əv ˈækʃənz beɪst ɔn ɪts θəroʊ ˌrivˈju əv ðə matter.”*.” ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju ˈtuzˌdeɪ wɪθ ˌɪnˈsaɪd ɪˈdɪʃən, mɪz. ʤeɪmz dɪˈfɛndɪd hər ˈvɪdioʊ bət ədˈmɪtəd ʃi hæv juzd ðə wərd ““martyr.”*.” du wɪʃ ðət aɪ juzd [ðət wərd] ɪn maɪ video,”*,” ʃi sɛd. ˈoʊnli juzd ðə wərd ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv ə ˈpərsən hu filz laɪk daɪɪŋ fər ˈsəmθɪŋ ðeɪ bɪˈliv ɪn. wət [ˈʤɑnsən] dɪd wɑz rɔŋ. hi ɪz nɑt ə ˈhɪroʊ. aɪ fil laɪk wət hi θɔt hi wɑz. bət noʊ, nɑt ə ˈhɪroʊ tɪ mi. aɪ kənˈdoʊn wət hi did.”*.” ʃi ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈfɛndɪd hər dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ kip hər ˈvɪdioʊ ˈɔnˌlaɪn. lɔŋ ɛz ˈpipəl noʊ ðət ðət ˈvɪdioʊ ɪz ʤɪst ən ɪkˈsprɛʃən əv maɪ ˈsædnəs ənd ˈæŋgər ənd hərt, ənd ðət ɪt ɪz nɑt ə kɔl tɪ ˌɪnˈsaɪt mɔr ˈvaɪələns, ðɛn faɪn wɪθ ðə ˈvɪdioʊ biɪŋ there,”*,” ʃi sɛd. nɑt ə ˈreɪsɪst. aɪ fil laɪk ˈpipəl rəˈgɑrdləs əv ðɛr reɪs, ðeɪ ʃʊd fil seɪf ɪn ðə streets.”*.” ðə mɪs ˌæləˈbæmə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ðə ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt ˈtuzˌdeɪ. ˈʧæpmən ʤeɪmz wɑz mɪs ˌæləˈbæmə 23 jɪrz əˈgoʊ ɪn ðə ˈsteɪtmənt sɛd. əˈpɪnjənz ʃi ɪkˈsprɛst ər hər oʊn, ənd du nɑt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ðə vˈjuˌpɔɪnt əv ðə ˈkɑrənt mɪs ˌæləˈbæmə ər ðə mɪs ˌæləˈbæmə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. wi hæv ˈnəθɪŋ bət ðə ˈətˌmoʊst rɪˈspɛkt ənd əˌpriʃiˈeɪʃən fər ðə mɛn ənd ˈwɪmən əv lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt, ənd wʊd ˈnɛvər kənˈdoʊn ˈvaɪələns əv ˈɛni kind.”*.” ˈkɑpiˌraɪt 2019 ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən taɪmz, llc*. klɪk hir fər riˈprɪnt pərˈmɪʃən.
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the first black woman to hold the title of miss alabama posted a tearful message sunday calling dallas cop killer micah xavier johnson a “martyr.”
kalyn chapman james, who was crowned miss alabama before placing as a top-10 semi-finalist in the 1994 miss america pageant, posted a live video on facebook that’s been viewed more than 7,400 times.
“i don’t want to feel this way,” ms. james said into the camera. “i’m dealing with a bit of guilt because i don’t feel sad for the officers that lost their lives, and i know that that’s not really my heart. i value human life, and i want to feel sad for them, but i can’t help but [feel] like the shooter was a martyr. and i know it’s not the right way to feel, because nobody deserves to lose their lives and i know that those police officers had families and people who loved them and that they didn’t deserve to die.”
“but i’m so torn up in my heart about seeing these men, these black men, being gunned down in our community that i can’t help,” she continued, sobbing. “i wasn’t surprised by what the shooter did to those cops, and i think a lot of us feel the same way.”
“i know that it’s not right, and i definitely don’t condone violence, but i’m sick of this,” she said. “i’m sick of this, and something has to be done, period.”
ms. james, who is now a tv host living in miami, later clarified her thoughts in a statement to al.com.
see also: greg allen, black texas police chief, calls black lives matter a ‘radical hate group’
“my heart and my mind were conflicted because these are difficult and very emotional times for so many people,” her statement said in part. “i went to church to address my feelings and deal with them from a perspective of forgiveness and love. especially forgiving myself for feeling that way.
“these are raw wounds that are fresh and, while i apologize if i offended anyone, i cannot help the way i feel as i continue to process these events and deal with the flood of emotions that come from witnessing such atrocities — both against citizens and officers of the law,” she said. “the fact that my opinion was considered newsworthy makes me feel like speaking up was exactly what i should do, because i can voice what so many people are feeling and dealing with and they should know they are not alone. i reiterate that i do not condone violence or killing at all. i offer my deepest condolences to all the families who lost their loved ones this week, including the officers in dallas.”
a lone gunman attacked a black lives matter protest in dallas thursday night, killing five police officers and wounding seven officers. the rally was in response to the police shootings of alton sterling in louisiana and philando castile in minnesota earlier in the week.
ms. james‘ employer, the south florida pbs affiliate wpbt, said in a statement monday night that she had been suspended.
“wpbt2 south florida pbs does not condone the personal statements made by one of its independent contractors regarding the events in dallas,” the statement said. “it placed the contractor on administrative leave while it actively and carefully looks further into the matter and will determine additional course of actions based on its thorough review of the matter.”
in an interview tuesday with inside edition, ms. james defended her video but admitted she shouldn’t have used the word “martyr.”
“i do wish that i hadn’t used [that word] in my video,” she said. “i only used the word in the context of a person who feels like they’re dying for something they believe in. what [johnson] did was wrong. he is not a hero. i feel like that’s what he thought he was. but no, he’s not a hero to me. i don’t condone what he did.”
she also defended her decision to keep her video online.
“as long as people know that that video is just an expression of my sadness and anger and hurt, and that it is not a call to incite more violence, then i’m fine with the video being there,” she said. “i’m not a racist. i feel like people regardless of their race, they should feel safe in the streets.”
the miss alabama organization responded to the controversy in a statement tuesday.
“kalyn chapman james was miss alabama 23 years ago in 1993,” the statement said. “the opinions she expressed are her own, and do not represent the viewpoint of the current miss alabama or the miss alabama organization. we have nothing but the utmost respect and appreciation for the men and women of law enforcement, and would never condone violence of any kind.”
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ɪn ə ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ stiv kweɪl, hi sɛd tu ˈvɛri dɪˈstərbɪŋ θɪŋz. ðə fərst wɑz haʊ ˈvɛri kloʊz ðə dip steɪt ɪz tɪ ˈtoʊtəli ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈoʊvər ənd ˈsɛkənd, ðət hɪz ˈrisərʧ, frəm jɪrz əˈgoʊ, dɪˈskəvərd ðət ˈfimə kæmps wʊd bɪˈkəm bɪˈhɛdɪŋ fəˈsɪlɪtiz. ɪn pɑrt 4 əv ðɪs ˈsɪriz, ɪt ɪz taɪm ðət ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpəblɪk bɪˈkəm əˈwɛr əv ðə ˈtoʊtəl bruˈtælɪti ðət ɪt ɪz əˈbaʊt tɪ feɪs. ðə ˈpriviəs pɑrts əv ðɪs ˈsɪriz ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd bɪɔnd kˈwɛʃən, haʊ ˈfimə kæmp ækˈtɪvɪti ənd ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃənz ər biɪŋ stɛpt əp ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈæbʤɛkt bruˈtælɪti. ˈfimə kæmps wɪl bi ˈsɛgrəˌgeɪtɪd θru ðə jɪrz, aɪ hæv bɪn toʊld baɪ ˈsɛvərəl ˌɪnˈsaɪdərz ðət ˈfimə kæmp əˈsaɪnmənts wʊd bi dɪˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ: mɛn wɪl bi sɛnt tɪ ə ˈʤɛndər ˈsɛgrəˌgeɪtɪd kæmp ənd sleɪv ˈleɪbər wɪl bi ɛkˈstræktɪd ɛz pər ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈɔrdər 13603 ɪkˌstərməˈneɪʃən wɪl bi ðə ɛnd geɪm. ðɪs ɪz ɪgˈzæktli wət ðə ˈnɑtsiz dɪd wɪθ ðə ʤuz. ˈwɪmən wɪl bi sɛnt tɪ ə ˈʤɛndər ˈsɛgrəˌgeɪtɪd kæmp. ðɛr wɪl bi səm sleɪv ˈleɪbər ðət wɪl bi ɛkˈstræktɪd bət ðiz kæmps wɪl bi ˈjumən ˈbɑndɪʤ ˈsɛnərz. ˈʧɪldrən wɪl bi sɛnt tɪ ðɛr oʊn kæmps. wɪn aɪ wɑz fərst toʊld ðɪs, aɪ dɪd nɑt ˈfʊli græsp ðə sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns əv ðɪs ˌsɛgrəˈgeɪʃən ənˈtɪl aɪ bɪˈkeɪm əkˈweɪnɪd wɪθ ðə dip ˌfæsəˈneɪʃən wɪθ child-sex-trafficking*. ðiz kæmps wɪl gɪv juˈmænɪti ɪts ˈdɑrkəst aʊər. ðiz ˌsɛgrəˈgeɪʃən wər ˈæˌkʧuəli riˈhərst baɪ ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ənd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə skɛr. ɪn ðiz drɪlz, ˈɛniˌwən hu hæd nɑt ənd wʊd səbˈmɪt tɪ ə væksəˈneɪʃən fər ðə dɪˈziz ənd ˈpipəl wər ˈbɔrdɪd ɔn ə bəs wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˈtɛnt əv ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə ˈæktərz tɪ ˈsɛgrəˌgeɪtɪd kæmps. haʊ du aɪ noʊ, tu leo’s*, hu aɪ wɛnt tɪ skul wɪθ toʊld mi ðə ˈditeɪlz əv ðə drɪl. ðə ˈpipəl hu wər nɑt ˈvæksəneɪtɪd wər dɪˈskəvərd θru ˈroʊdˌsaɪd ˌblɑˈkeɪdz ˈsɪmələr tɪ ə di ˈroʊdˌblɑk. ðɛr wɑz wən əˈdɪʃənəl ˈfiʧər tɪ ðɪs drɪl ənd ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˌɪnˈtɛnt ˈfimə kæmp fɔrst incarcerations*. ðə wən ˌɪnˈtɛnt ɪz ðət ðoʊz ˈtɑrgətɪd fər ɪkˌstərməˈneɪʃən wɪl ˈlaɪkli daɪ ˈviə ðə juz əv. ɪf ju nid ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃən tɪ ækt əˈgɛnst ðə dip steɪt, ðɪs meɪ bi ðə bɛst ɪgˈzæmpəl. ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˈeɪʤənt tɛd ˈgəndərsən wɪn rɪˈtaɪrd ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˈeɪʤənt, ðə naʊ dɪˈsist tɛd ˈgəndərsən, rɪˈpɔrtədli toʊld ə ˈgæðərɪŋ əv mɪˈlɪʃə ˈmɛmbərz ðət ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt hæd sɛt əp ˌɪnˈtərnmənt kæmps əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri, aɪ hæd noʊ ˈtrəbəl bɪˈlivɪŋ hɪz ˈsteɪtmənt bɪˈkəz ðɛr ɪz ˈæmpəl ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən tɪ səˈpɔrt hɪz ˈsteɪtmənt 84 ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ˈgɑrdən plɑt ənd naʊ ðə ndaa*). ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɪn ˈgəndərsən ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz ˈstɔrɪŋ ˈoʊvər ˈkæskəts ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv æˈtlæntə, aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ nu hi wɑz ˈækjərət ɔn ðɪs pɔɪnt ˈwɪlkɑks faʊnd ðə ˈɛvədəns ɪn ðə əˈʤeɪsənt ˈfoʊˌtoʊ. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɪn aɪ hərd ðət ˈgəndərsən wɑz əˈkjuzɪŋ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt əv ˈstɔrɪŋ, aɪ θɔt hi hæd lɔst hɪz maɪnd. waɪ wʊd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɔnt tɪ stɔr? ˈgəndərsən toʊld ˈvɛriəs ˈpeɪtriət grups ðət ðə wər biɪŋ stɔrd fər ðə deɪ ðət ðə ˈgəvərnmənt dɪˈklɛrz ˈmɑrʃəl lɔ ənd muvz ɪn tɪ raʊnd əp ənd ˈɛksəˌkjut əˈmɛrɪkən dɪˈsɛnərz. ˈgəndərsən toʊld ˈpeɪtriət grups ðət ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ kip træk əv ɔl əv ˈjuˈɛs. ðə læst ˈsteɪtmənt həz ˌɪnˈdid ˈpruvən ˈækjərət ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈrisənt ˈskændəl. kən ˈsəmˌbɑdi pliz ɪkˈspleɪn tɪ mi waɪ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wʊd nid tɪ ˈɔrdər? fər wət ləˈʤɪtəmət ˈpərpəs kʊd ðiz tulz əv ˌɛksəˈkjuʃən bi ˈjutəˌlaɪzd? ðə ˈgɪləˌtin həz ˈnɛvər bɪn juzd ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts həz ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd ˈpipəl baɪ ˈfaɪərrɪŋ skwɑd, ˈhæŋɪŋ, ðə ɪˈlɛktrɪk ʧɛr ənd ˈliθəl ˌɪnˈʤɛkʃən. ðə ˈjuˈɛs həz ˈnɛvər ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd ə kənˈvɪktəd ˈkrɪmənəl θru ðə juz əv ðə ˈgɪləˌtin. ˈgɪvɪn ðiz fækts, ðɛn waɪ ɪz ðɪs ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɪmˈpɔrtɪŋ ɛz ˈgəndərsən kleɪmd? oʊ, aɪ noʊ ðət səm əv ðə ʃip ər naʊ ˈlʊkɪŋ əp frəm ðə graʊnd ənd hæv ʤɪst sɛd ər ˈɛni ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd states.”*.” ðɛn pliz tɛl mi, ʃip əv əˈmɛrɪkə, waɪ dɪd ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv dəg ˈtipər, əv ðə ˈʤɔrʤə ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv əˈsɛmbli (ˈdɛməˌkræt) ˌɪntrəˈdust ə bɪl wɪʧ wɪl səˈplænt ðə ˈmɛθəd əv ˌɛksəˈkjuʃən, ðə ɪˈlɛktrɪk ʧɛr, wɪθ ðə ˈgɪləˌtin bæk ɪn ðə ˈrɛfərənst bɪl wɑz ˈʤɔrʤə steɪt haʊs bɪl dɛθ ˈpɛnəlti; ˈgɪləˌtin prəˈvɪʒənz. ˈsərtənli, ˈtipər wʊd hæv ˈnɛvər θɔt ðət ðɪs wɑz ˈpɑsəbəl ɪz ðɛr wər nɑt ɔˈrɛdi ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ən ɪˈfɪʃənt ˈkɪlɪŋ məˈʃin həz ˈɛniˌwən ˈbɑðərd tɪ du ðə mæθ? ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈgɪləˌtin rɪˈpɔrtədli kən ʧɑp ɔf ðə hɛdz əv əˈbaʊt 100 ˈpipəl pər aʊər. ɪn wən aʊər, ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt həz ðə kəˈpæsɪti tɪ ˈɛksəˌkjut ɛz ˈmɛni ɛz θri ˈmɪljən ˈpipəl. ɪn wən tɛn aʊər deɪ, 30 ˈmɪljən ˈpipəl kʊd bi ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd baɪ weɪ əv ðə ˈgɪləˌtin. ˈəðər ˈælfəˌbɛt sup ˈeɪʤənts spik aʊt tɛd ˈgəndərsən ɪz nɑt ðə ˈoʊnli ˈfɔrmər ˈælfəˌbɛt sup ˈeɪʤənt tɪ tɛl ɔl əˈbaʊt. ðə leɪt bɪl, ex-cia*, wɑz ə kloʊz frɛnd əv maɪn ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli bɪˈkeɪm ðə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈəðər əv maɪ ˈfɔrmər nuz dɪˈrɛktər fər ðə ˈkɑmən sɛns ʃoʊ, ˈæni dɪˈrisoʊ. toʊld boʊθ ˈæni ənd aɪ ɔn ˈsɛvərəl ɔˈkeɪʒənz ðət wər biɪŋ stɔrd ɔn ˈsɛvərəl ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈbeɪsɪz. ðə leɪt a.c*. ˈgrɪfɪθ, ex-nsa*, sɛd ðə seɪm ɔn mɔr ðən wən əˈkeɪʒən ɔn maɪ tɔk ʃoʊ. ɪn laɪt əv ðiz ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃənz frəm noʊn ənd frəm ˈpəblɪk ˈsɔrsəz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə prəˈpoʊzd ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən əv rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈtipər tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus ðə juz əv ɔn əˈmɛrɪkən sɔɪl, aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ðɛr ɪz noʊ kˈwɛʃən ðət ðə ˈstɔri ɪz tru. aɪ gɪt ˌəndərˈstændəbli ˈnərvəs, æt ðə ˈprɑspɛkt əv ɔn əˈmɛrɪkən sɔɪl, ɛz aɪ wɔʧ ðə ˈɛndləs ˈsɪriz əv bɪˈhɛdɪŋz əv ˈkrɪsʧɪnz ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ist baɪ ðə ˈrædɪkəl ˈaɪsəs. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ə smɔl ˈsæmpəl saɪz əv wət ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ tɪ ˈkrɪsʧɪnz ənd ðɛr ˈsəbsəkwənt mæs bɪˈhɛdɪŋz æt ðə hænz əv ˈaɪsəs. ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ɪn ˌɪˈrɑk bɪˈhɛdɪd fɔr ˈkrɪsʧɪn kɪdz hu rɪfˈjuzd tɪ rɪˈnaʊns ðɛr feɪθ ənd bɪˈkəm ˈməzlɪm. mɔr ðən 250000 ˈkrɪsʧɪnz hæv flɛd ˈnɔrðərn ˌɪˈrɑk əˈmɪdst ˈaɪsəs tɪ ˌɪsˈlɑm ər dɛθ bybeheading*, ðə ˈʧɪldrən ʧoʊz tɪ ˈfɑloʊ jesus…*… ˈnæʃənəl ˈspoʊksmən fər ˌɪˈræki ˈkrɪsʧɪnz ənd aʊt baɪ ˈaɪsəs ˈmɪlətənts ɪn ˌɪˈrɑk naʊ ˌɪnˈkludz ˈʃɑkɪŋ bɪˈhɛdɪŋz əv ˈʧɪldrən, ə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈfiˌmeɪl hu dɪd ˈkɑnvərt tɪ ˌɪsˈlɑm θˈrɛtənd tɪ bɪˈhɛd ˈkrɪsʧɪnz ə blənt knife,”*,” əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈdeɪli meɪl. ˈivɪn ˈkrɪsʧɪnz hu ˈkɑnvərt tɪ ˌɪsˈlɑm gɪt bɪˈhɛdɪd. ɪz ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈklaɪmɪt raɪp fər ðɪs tɪ əˈkər ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts? ˈfɔrmər ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək huˈseɪn ˌoʊˈbɑmə wɑz ˈkrɪtəˌsaɪzd baɪ ˈjumən raɪts ˈæktɪvɪsts fər nɑt æˈdrɛsɪŋ ðə plaɪt əv ˈkrɪsʧɪnz ənd ˈəðər məˈnɔrətiz ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz tɔks wɪθ ˈlidərz ɪn ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə, wɛr ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti ɪz bænd. ˈfərðər, ðə ˈbaɪbəl spiks tɪ ðə juz əv bɪˈhɛdɪŋz ɛz ə rɪˈlɪʤəs tul əv subjugation*. kəmˈplɪsɪti baɪ ˈsaɪləns ɪz haʊ aɪ wʊd ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪz ðɪs vju əv ðiz ɪˈvɛnts. wɛr ɪz ɔl əv ðɪs ˈhɛdɪd? ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃən ɛz ju rɛd ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ tu ˈpɛrəˌgræfs, ðɛr ɪz ə kəˈlɪʒən bɪtˈwin tu ˈkəlʧərz ənd tu riˈlɪʤənz wɪʧ ɪz ɔˈrɛdi ˌəndərˈweɪ ənd rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈdɑgmə ɪz ˈsərvɪŋ tɪ pərˈpɛʧəˌweɪt ənd ɪgˈzæsərˌbeɪt ðə ˈkɑnflɪkt. 4 aɪ sɔ thrones*, ənd ðeɪ sæt ɔn ðɛm, ənd ˈʤəʤmənt wɑz ˈgɪvɪn tɪ ðɛm. ənd aɪ sɔ ðə soʊlz əv ðoʊz hu hæd bɪn bɪˈhɛdɪd bɪˈkəz əv ðɛr ˈtɛstɪˌmoʊni əv ˈʤizəs ənd bɪˈkəz əv ðə wərd əv gɑd, ənd ðoʊz hu hæd nɑt ˈwərʃɪpt ðə bist ər hɪz ˈɪmɪʤ, ənd hæd nɑt rɪˈsivd ðə mɑrk ɔn ðɛr ˈfɔrhɛd ənd ɔn ðɛr hænd; ənd ðeɪ keɪm tɪ laɪf ənd reɪnd wɪθ kraɪst fər ə ˈθaʊzənd years”*”.
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in a radio interview with steve quayle, he said two very disturbing things. the first was how very close the deep state is to totally taking over and second, that his research, from years ago, discovered that fema camps would become beheading facilities.
in part 4 of this series, it is time that the american public become aware of the total brutality that it is about to face. the previous parts of this series demonstrated beyond question, how fema camp activity and preparations are being stepped up as well as the abject brutality.
fema camps will be segregated
through the years, i have been told by several insiders that fema camp assignments would be divided by the following:
men will be sent to a gender segregated camp and slave labor will be extracted as per obama’s executive order 13603. extermination will be the end game. this is exactly what the nazis did with the jews. women will be sent to a gender segregated camp. there will be some slave labor that will be extracted but these camps will be human bondage centers. children will be sent to their own camps. when i was first told this, i did not fully grasp the significance of this segregation until i became acquainted with the deep state’s fascination with child-sex-trafficking. these camps will give humanity its darkest hour.
these segregation were actually rehearsed by colorado law enforcement and dhs during the 2008-2009 h1n1 scare. in these drills, anyone who had not and would submit to a vaccination for the disease and noncompliant people were boarded on a bus with the intent of taking the actors to segregated camps. how do i know, two leo’s, who i went to school with told me the details of the drill. the noncompliant people who were not vaccinated were discovered through roadside blockades similar to a di roadblock.
there was one additional feature to this drill and the overall intent fema camp forced incarcerations. the one intent is that those targeted for extermination will likely die via the use of guillotines. if you need motivation to act against the deep state, this may be the best example.
fbi agent ted gunderson
when retired fbi agent, the now deceased ted gunderson, reportedly told a gathering of militia members that the federal government had set up 1,000 internment camps across the country, i had no trouble believing his statement because there is ample documentation to support his statement (e.g.rex 84, operation garden plot and now the ndaa). however, when gunderson reported that the federal government was storing over 500,000 caskets outside of atlanta, i also knew he was accurate on this point becausesherrie wilcox found the evidence in the adjacent photo. however, when i heard that gunderson was accusing the government of storing 30,000 guillotines, i thought he had lost his mind.
why would the government want to store guillotines?
gunderson told various patriot groups that the guillotines were being stored for the day that the government declares martial law and moves in to round up and execute american dissenters. gunderson prophetically told patriot groups that the federal government was going to keep track of all of us. the last statement has indeed proven accurate given the recent snowden/nsa scandal.
can somebody please explain to me why the government would need to order 30,000 guillotines? for what legitimate purpose could these tools of execution be utilized?
the guillotine has never been used inside of the united states. the united states has executed people by firing squad, hanging, the electric chair and lethal injection. the us has never executed a convicted criminal through the use of the guillotine.
given these facts, then why is this government importing 30,000 guillotines as gunderson claimed? oh, i know that some of the sheep are now looking up from the ground and have just said “there aren’t are any guillotines in the united states.” then please tell me, sheep of america, why did representative doug teper, of the georgia legislative assembly (democrat) introduced a bill which will supplant the method of execution, the electric chair, with the guillotine back in 1995-6? the referenced bill was georgia state house bill (1995-6) hb 1274– death penalty; guillotine provisions. certainly, teper would have never thought that this was possible is there were not already guillotines inside of the united states.
an efficient killing machine
has anyone bothered to do the math? a single guillotine reportedly can chop off the heads of about 100 people per hour. in one hour, the federal government has the capacity to execute as many as three million people. in one ten hour day, 30 million people could be executed by way of the guillotine.
other alphabet soup agents speak out
ted gunderson is not the only former alphabet soup agent to tell all about guillotines. the late bill pawelec, ex-cia, was a close friend of mine and eventually became the significant other of my former news director for the common sense show, annie deriso.
pawelec told both annie and i on several occasions that guillotines were being stored on several military bases. the late a.c. griffith, ex-nsa, said the same on more than one occasion on my talk show. in light of these confirmations from known and from public sources, as well as the proposed legislation of rep. teper to introduce the use of guillotines on american soil, i believe that there is no question that the story is true.
i get understandably nervous, at the prospect of guillotines on american soil, as i watch the endless series of beheadings of christians in the middle east by the radical isis. the following represents a small sample size of what is happening to christians and their subsequent mass beheadings at the hands of isis.
islamic state terrorists in iraq beheaded four christian kids who refused to renounce their faith and become muslim.
more than 250000 christians have fled northern iraq amidst isis … to islam or death bybeheading, the children chose to follow jesus…
national spokesman for iraqi christians and chaldean-american … out by isis militants in iraq now includes shocking beheadings of children, …
a british female who did convert to islam threatened to behead christians “with a blunt knife,” according to the daily mail. even christians who convert to islam get beheaded.
is the political climate ripe for this to occur inside the united states? former president barack hussein obama was criticized by human rights activists for not addressing the plight of christians and other minorities during his talks with leaders in saudi arabia, where christianity is banned. further, the bible speaks to the use of beheadings as a religious tool of subjugation. complicity by silence is how i would characterize this president’s view of these events.
where is all of this headed? revelation 20:4
as you read the following two paragraphs, there is a collision between two cultures and two religions which is already underway and religious dogma is serving to perpetuate and exacerbate the conflict.
4 “then i saw thrones, and they sat on them, and judgment was given to them. and i saw the souls of those who had been beheaded because of their testimony of jesus and because of the word of god, and those who had not worshiped the beast or his image, and had not received the mark on their forehead and on their hand; and they came to life and reigned with christ for a thousand years”.
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tu mɔr ki ˈmænɪʤərz teɪk ʤɑbz ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɛz ˈkaʊnsəl əˈpɪrz ənˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ sik ˈænsərz tɪ ræʃ əv ˌrɛzɪgˈneɪʃənz. ti hi ˈsɪti əv ˈmænɪʤmənt breɪn dreɪn kənˈtɪnjuz ˌənəˈbeɪtɪd wɪθ ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən ðət 21 ˈmænɪʤərz ər haɪər hæv naʊ lɛft ðə rɪˈvil. ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈfɪgjərz ˌɪnˈklud ðə ˌrɛzɪgˈneɪʃənz ðɪs mənθ əv tu ki ˈmænɪʤərz hu pleɪd ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt roʊlz æt ðə ˈsɪti, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈtɛgrəti ˈmɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz ɪn ˈpərʧəsɪz ənd nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪtɪŋ kəˈlɛktɪv əˈgrimənts wɪθ ˈjunjəˌnaɪzd stæf. ðə tu ˈmænɪʤərz hu rɪˈzaɪnd moʊst ˈrisəntli ər: ˈkərtɪs ˈfɛlkər ˈpərʧəsɪŋ stɔrz ˈmænɪʤər, hu wɑz wɪθ ðə ˈsɪti fər ˈsɛvən jɪrz ənd fɔr mənθs. hi lɛft ðə ˈsɪti ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ fər ə ʤɑb ɛz proʊˈkjʊrmənt ˈkætəˌgɔri ˈmænɪʤər wɪθ ˈmɛˌtroʊ vænˈkuvər. ˈpərʧəsɪŋ stɔrz ˈmænɪʤər, hu wɑz wɪθ ðə ˈsɪti fər ˈsɛvən jɪrz ənd fɔr mənθs. hi lɛft ðə ˈsɪti ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ fər ə ʤɑb ɛz proʊˈkjʊrmənt ˈkætəˌgɔri ˈmænɪʤər wɪθ ˈmɛˌtroʊ vænˈkuvər. ˈpædi ˈbrædli, ˈleɪbər riˈleɪʃənz ˈmænɪʤər, hu wɑz wɪθ ðə ˈsɪti fər ˈɔlˌmoʊst θri jɪrz. ʃi həz ækˈsɛptɪd ə poʊst ɛz ˈmænɪʤər æt ðə ˈgreɪtər vɪkˈtɔriə ˈleɪbər riˈleɪʃənz əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən (gvlra*) ˈminˌwaɪl, ˈməltəpəl ˈsɪti ˈsɔrsəz tɛl nuz ə stæf ˈmɛmbər wɛl noʊn tɪ ˈmɛni ˈrɛzɪdənts həz bɪn ɪn ˈsɛtəlmənt nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz wɪθ ðə ˈsɪti ˈæftər ˈklæʃɪŋ wɪθ ʧif ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv ˈɔfɪsər ˈtreɪsi ˈsæmrə. ˈsɔrsəz sɛd ðə nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz riʧt ə ˈsɛnsɪtɪv steɪʤ ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ənd ˈditeɪlz kʊd bi meɪd ˈpəblɪk ɪn ðə nɪr fˈjuʧər. haɪ ˈtərˌnoʊvər pɔɪnts tɪ ˈlidərˌʃɪp, ˈəðər ˈɪʃuz ðə ˈvɑləntɛri ˌrɛzɪgˈneɪʃən reɪt əˈməŋ ˈmænɪʤərz naʊ stændz æt əraʊnd 20 fər ðə pæst jɪr. ðət ɪz faɪv taɪmz ðə 4 ˈævərɪʤ ˈvɑləntɛri ˈtərˌnoʊvər reɪt fər ðə ˈpɪriəd 2011 tɪ 2014 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈsɪti stəˈtɪstɪks. ˈvɑləntɛri ˈtərˌnoʊvər ˌɪnˈklud rɪˈtaɪrmənts ər dɪˈpɑrʧərz səʧ ə ˈsɛˌvərəns ˈpækɪʤɪz. ən ˌɪnˈkris ɪn ˈvɑləntɛri ˈtərˌnoʊvər kən pɔɪnt tɪ ə drɔp ɪn ˈlidərˌʃɪp ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti, pur riˈtɛnʃən ˈpræktɪsɪz, ə læk əv ˈsæləri kəmˈpɛtɪtɪvnɪs, ər ən ˌɪmˈpruvd ʤɑb ˈmɑrkɪt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈmɛtrɪks ˈsərvɪs. soʊ fɑr, ˈoʊnli meɪər bɪl məˈkeɪ həz ɪkˈsprɛst ˈɛni kənˈsərn əˈbaʊt ðə haɪ reɪt əv ˈmænɪʤmənt dɪˈpɑrʧərz. ɪn meɪ, wɪn ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈmænɪʤmənt dɪˈpɑrʧərz stʊd æt 15 hi toʊld ðə nuz ˈbʊlɪtən ðət hi ˈwɔntɪd mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt waɪ stæf wər ˈlivɪŋ. hi dɪˈskraɪbd ðə dɪˈpɑrʧərz ɛz ə breɪn drain”*” ðət hərts ðə ˈsɪti ɛz hɑrd tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ɪkˈspɪriənst stæf. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, tɪ deɪt noʊ wən ɔn ˈkaʊnsəl həz ˈfɔrməli rɪkˈwɛstɪd ə stæf rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə haɪ ˈtərˌnoʊvər reɪt ər æst fər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn stæf məræl. rɪˈtaɪərmənt bəlʤ tɪ ˈkɑmpaʊnd ˈprɑbləm ɪn meɪ, ðə kɔr ˈsərvɪsɪz ˌrivˈju kənˈsəltənts, ˈwərkɪŋ frəm ˈdætə tɪ 2015 wɔrnd ðət ə ˈkəmɪŋ bəlʤ əv stæf rɪˈtaɪrmənts wɑz ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈɪʃu fər ðə ˈsɪti. ðeɪ ədˈvaɪzd ˈmænɪʤmənt ənd ˈkaʊnsəl tɪ plæn əˈhɛd baɪ ˈtreɪnɪŋ stæf tɪ fɪl ʤɑbz ˈlaɪkli tɪ fɔl ˈveɪkənt ɪn ðə nɛkst faɪv jɪrz ənd tɪ kriˈeɪt mɔr kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv rɪˈkrutmənt ˈpækɪʤɪz. sɛd ðə kənˈsəltənts: ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ noʊt ðət ðɛr ər 26 ˌmænɪˈʤɪriəl pəˈzɪʃənz ənd 144 stæf pəˈzɪʃənz wɛr ðə ˌɪnˈkəmbənts wɪl bi ˈɛlɪʤəbəl fər rɪˈtaɪərmənt ɪn ðə nɛkst 5 jɪrz. ““also*, əˈməŋst ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈsɪti ɪmˈplɔɪiz wɪl bi ə ˈnəmbər əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz huz skɪlz ənd ɪkˈspɪriəns ər ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ðə ˈdeɪtuˌdeɪ critical’*’ ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz əv ðə ˈsɪti ənd wɛr ˈfaɪndɪŋ ə rɪˈpleɪsmənt ɪn ə ʃɔrt taɪm ˈpɪriəd maɪt bi ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli challenging.”*.” ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə dɪˈrɛktər ʤɑn væn hɔrn ˈpriviəsli toʊld ðə nuz ˈbʊlɪtən ðət hi hæd noʊ kənˈsərnz əˈbaʊt ðə haɪ reɪt əv ˌrɛzɪgˈneɪʃənz. hi sɛd hi dɪz nɑt ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ə gæp ɪn ˈnɑlɪʤ ɛz ˈkɔrpərət ˈrɛkərdz steɪ æt ðə ˈsɪti ənd ðɛr ər stɪl stæf wɪθ væst ˈnɑlɪʤ. sɪns hi meɪd ðoʊz rɪˈmɑrks, sɪks mɔr ˈmænɪʤərz hæv lɛft ðə ˈsɪti. ˈəðər ˈmænɪʤərz hu hæv rɪˈzaɪnd fər ˈəðər ʤɑbz ðɪs jɪr ˌɪnˈklud: gwɪˈljɛrmoʊ fɛˈrɛroʊ dɪˈrɛktər əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈsərvɪsɪz, hu ɪz naʊ ˈsɪti ˈmænɪʤər æt ðə taʊn əv; dɪˈrɛktər əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈsərvɪsɪz, hu ɪz naʊ ˈsɪti ˈmænɪʤər æt ðə taʊn əv; suˈzæn səmˈbɔrski dɪˈrɛktər əv strəˈtiʤɪk riˈleɪʃənz, ˈkəlʧər ənd ˈhɛrɪtɪʤ, naʊ dɪˈrɛktər əv pɑrks ənd ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃən æt ˈdɪstrɪkt əv dɪˈrɛktər əv strəˈtiʤɪk riˈleɪʃənz, ˈkəlʧər ənd ˈhɛrɪtɪʤ, naʊ dɪˈrɛktər əv pɑrks ənd ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃən æt ˈdɪstrɪkt əv ʤɛf ˈgʊˌdɔl dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ənd ˈpəblɪk wərks, hu muvd tɪ ɪn ðə seɪm pəˈzɪʃən; dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ənd ˈpəblɪk wərks, hu muvd tɪ ɪn ðə seɪm pəˈzɪʃən; krɪs ˈʤæksən ˈmænɪʤər əv ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈsərvɪsɪz; hu wɛnt tɪ ˈpɑwɛl ˈrɪvər ɛz ˈsɪti klərk; ənd, ˈmænɪʤər əv ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈsərvɪsɪz; hu wɛnt tɪ ˈpɑwɛl ˈrɪvər ɛz ˈsɪti klərk; ənd, ˈʤeɪsən bərʧ, ˈmænɪʤər əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈsɪstəmz, hu həz ˈteɪkən ɔn ðə seɪm roʊl æt ðə mˌjunɪsəˈpæləti əv nɔrθ cowichan*. ˈminˌwaɪl, ˈgəvərnəns ˈɛkspərts hæv ˈɔlsoʊ wɔrnd ðət ə ˈkaʊnsəl pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ ˈsɪstəm ˌɪntrəˈdust baɪ mɪz. ˈsæmrə ɪn mɑrʧ kʊd lɛd tɪ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns ɪn ðə ˈsɪvəl ˈsərvɪs ðət kən kənˈtrɪbjut tɪ ˈmænɪʤərz ˈlivɪŋ fər ˈəðər ʤɑbz.
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two more key managers take jobs elsewhere as council appears unwilling to seek answers to rash of resignations.
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he city of nanaimo’s management brain drain continues unabated with confirmation that 21 managers or higher have now left the city,can reveal.
the latest figures include the resignations this month of two key managers who played important roles at the city, including ensuring the integrity millions of dollars in purchases and negotiating collective agreements with unionized staff.
the two managers who resigned most recently are:
kurtis felker , purchasing & stores manager, who was with the city for seven years and four months. he left the city earlier this month for a job as procurement category manager with metro vancouver.
, purchasing & stores manager, who was with the city for seven years and four months. he left the city earlier this month for a job as procurement category manager with metro vancouver. paddy bradley, labour relations manager, who was with the city for almost three years. she has accepted a post as manager at the greater victoria labour relations association (gvlra)
meanwhile, multiple city sources tell news nanaimo a long-time staff member well known to many residents has been in settlement negotiations with the city after clashing with chief administrative officer tracy samra. sources said the negotiations reached a sensitive stage friday and details could be made public in the near future.
high turnover points to leadership, other issues
the city’s voluntary resignation rate among managers now stands at around 20% for the past year. that is five times the 4% average voluntary turnover rate for the period 2011 to 2014, according to city statistics. voluntary turnover include retirements or employer-initiated departures such a severance packages.
an increase in voluntary turnover can point to a drop in leadership credibility, poor retention practices, a lack of salary competitiveness, or an improved job market, according to the hr metrics service.
so far, only mayor bill mckay has expressed any concern about the high rate of management departures.
in may, when the number of management departures stood at 15, he told the nanaimo news bulletin that he wanted more information about why staff were leaving. he described the departures as a “huge brain drain” that hurts the city as hard to replace experienced staff.
however, to date no one on council has formally requested a staff report on the high turnover rate or asked for information on staff morale.
retirement bulge to compound problem
in may, the city’s core services review consultants, working from data to 2015, warned that a coming bulge of staff retirements was a critical issue for the city.
they advised management and council to plan ahead by training staff to fill jobs likely to fall vacant in the next five years and to create more competitive recruitment packages.
said the consultants: “it is important to note that there are 26 managerial positions and 144 staff positions where the incumbents will be eligible for retirement in the next 5 years.
“also, amongst the remaining city employees will be a number of individuals whose skills and experience are important to the day-to-day ‘mission critical’ operations of the city and where finding a replacement in a short time period might be particularly challenging.”
however, the city’s hr director john van horne previously told the nanaimo news bulletin that he had no concerns about the high rate of resignations. he said he does not anticipate a gap in knowledge as corporate records stay at the city and there are still staff with vast knowledge.
since he made those remarks, six more managers have left the city.
other managers who have resigned for other jobs this year include:
guillermo ferrero , director of information and technology legislative services, who is now city manager at the town of ladysmith;
, director of information and technology legislative services, who is now city manager at the town of ladysmith; suzanne samborski , director of strategic relations, culture and heritage, now director of parks and recreation at district of saanich ;
, director of strategic relations, culture and heritage, now director of parks and recreation at district of saanich ; geoff goodall , director of engineering and public works, who moved to ladysmith in the same position;
, director of engineering and public works, who moved to ladysmith in the same position; chris jackson , manager of legislative services; who went to powell river as city clerk; and,
, manager of legislative services; who went to powell river as city clerk; and, jason birch, manager of information systems, who has taken on the same role at the municipality of north cowichan.
meanwhile, governance experts have also warned that a council portfolio system introduced by ms. samra in march could lead to political interference in the civil service that can contribute to managers leaving for other jobs.
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““being* geɪ ɪz nɑt ˌoʊˈkeɪ. θæŋk ju ˈʤɛnsən ˈækəlz fər ˈbænɪŋ geɪ kˈwɛsʧənz æt conventions,”*,” ə ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl fæn roʊt ɔn ˈtəmblər ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ə ˈmɛltˌdaʊn ðət tʊk pleɪs ðɪs ˈwiˌkɪnd ˈoʊvər ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl nu jerseycon*. ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ, ˈməltəpəl fæn rɪˈpɔrts ˈsərfɪst əˈlɛʤɪŋ ðət ə kɑn ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzər hæd rɪfˈjuzd ˈsərtən kˈwɛsʧənz bɪˈkəz ˈʤɛnsən ˈækəlz, hu pleɪz ðə ˈdrimi din ɔn ðə ˌtɛˈstɑstərˌoʊn ˈkændi, wɑz ““uncomfortable”*” wɪn feɪst wɪθ ðə ɪˈnɔrmɪs kənˈtɪnʤənt əv ˈʃɪpərz. ðə ˈprɑbləm? din ɪz ə gaɪ, ənd ɪz ə meɪl ˈeɪnʤəl. kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈsəbˌtɛkst wər fərst ˌdɪsəˈlaʊd, ðɛn bud baɪ ˈnoʊtəbli rɪˈbəft baɪ ˈækəlz, ə lɛd ˈæktər ɔn ðə ʃoʊ. wɑz ˈækəlz ˈsədənli ˈstrɪkən wɪθ ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbiə? wɛl, ðɪs ɪz, ənd ə lɔt mɔr ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd ðən ðət. ðə ˈʃɪpərz ər pɑrt əv ðə ɪˈnɔrmɪs slæʃ ðət həz lɔŋ fjuəld ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti, pʊʃt ɪt tɪ eɪt ˈsizənz wɪθ noʊ ɛnd ɪn saɪt, ənd meɪd ɪt pɑrt əv ðə traɪˈfɛktə əv ˈtəmblər tɪ rul ðɛm ɔl: superwholock*. ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl (spn*) həz hæd ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈʃɪpərz fər ɛz lɔŋ ɛz bɪn ɔn ɛr. bət nən əv ðɛm kən hoʊld ə ˈkændəl tɪ, ðə juʤ ʃɪp ðət həz sˈwɑloʊd hoʊl ˈɛvər sɪns stroʊd ˈɪntu ðə fɔrθ ˈsizən ənd reɪzd din frəm ənd ˈɪntu ðə ˈænəlz əv slæʃ megaships*. bət ˈæftər eɪt ˈsizənz, ðə actors’*’ dɪˈskəmfərt wɪθ ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv simz tɪ bi ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə səˈpɔrt fər ðə ʃɪp ɔn ðə ʃoʊ ˌɪtˈsɛlf. æˈdrɛsɪŋ ðə ʃɪp dɪˈrɛkli wʊd pəˈtɛnʃəli rɪˈzəlt ɪn ˈiðər ə dɪˈnaɪəl ər ən ˌæfərˈmeɪʃən, ˈiðər əv wɪʧ wʊd spɔɪl ðə plɑt ər ˈəpˌsɛt ˈʃɪpərz. soʊ waɪl kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt hæv lɔŋ bɪn ə pɑrt əv ðə actors’*’ ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts æt kənˈvɛnʃənz, ɛz taɪm goʊz ɔn ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈhɑrdər tɪ ˈænsər. ðə kˈwɛʃən ɪn ləv wɪθ dean?”*?” dɪd meɪk ɪt ˈɪntu ə ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˈpænəl bɪˈkəz ðə ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈmɪʃə ˈkɑlɪnz, hu pleɪz ðə ˈeɪnʤəl, maɪnd ˈhændəlɪŋ pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈɔkwərd kˈwɛsʧənz ðət meɪ ˈoʊnli kɔz peɪn tɪ ˈʃɪpərz. bət ə kˈwɛʃən əˈbaʊt ˌsɛkʃuˈæləti səˈpoʊzədli ˈnɛvər meɪd ɪt pæst ə kɑn ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzər bɪˈkəz ðoʊz kˈwɛsʧənz meɪd ˈækəlz ““uncomfortable.”*.” ðə fæn hu æst boʊθ kˈwɛsʧənz aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd hərˈsɛlf ɛz ““jen,”*,” ən 18-year-old*. waɪl rɪˈʤɔɪst æt ˈstreɪtˈfɔrwərd ˈænsər, ɪt prəˈsidəd tɪ ˌɪmˈploʊd ˈoʊvər ðə θɔt ðət ˈʤɛnsən maɪt bi ˈpʊtɪŋ ə ˌmɔrəˈtɔriəm ɔn tɔk əv ˈʃɪpɪŋ. səm fænz wɛnt ˈivɪn ˈfərðər: pərˈhæps ˌɪˈnɛvətəbli, ðɪs ˈhæpənd: ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ˈviə ɛz ðə kraʊd bud ðə kˈwɛsʧənər hu ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ æsk əˈbaʊt ˈsəbˌtɛkst, ˈækəlz ˈkɑmɛntəd ɔn ðə fækt ðət ɪt wɑz ðə ˈvɛri fərst kˈwɛʃən əv ðə ˈivnɪŋ, ðɛn toʊld hər nɑt tɪ ruɪn ɪt fər ˈɛvriˌwən, ənd brəʃt ɔf ðə ˈnɛvər gɑt ˈfʊli seɪɪŋ hi wɑz tɪ priˈtɛnd nɑt tɪ know”*” wət ʃi wɑz əˈbaʊt tɪ æsk. ɪf fænz θɔt ðeɪ hæd ɪt bæd ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˈoʊvər ðə kˈwɛʃən, ðə ˈdrɑmə ɔn ˈsənˌdi ˈoʊvər ðə wən ðət wɛnt θru wɑz ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ. ˈæftər ˈʤɛnsən dɪsˈmɪst ðə fæn, ʃi wɑz səˈpoʊzədli faʊnd kraɪɪŋ. ɪt wɑz ɪgˈzæktli ðə ˈwərstˈkeɪs sɪˈnɛrioʊ fər ə ɔˈrɛdi trɪˈmɛndəsli ˈpoʊlərˌaɪzd əraʊnd ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv. ənd ɪt keɪm æt ə ˈmoʊmənt wɪn fænz wər ɔˈrɛdi dɪˈvaɪdɪd ˌɪnˈtɛnsli ˈoʊvər ˈwɛðər ˈæskɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈræmpənt geɪ ˈsizən soʊ fɑr həz faʊnd ðə tu ˈləvərz ɛmˈbreɪsɪŋ ənd ˈtɛlɪŋ iʧ ˈəðər nid you”*” æt ˈkruʃəl plɑt bi ˌɪnˈveɪsɪv, ər ə ˈpərfəktli ˌəndərˈstændəbəl rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə oʊn ˈpændərɪŋ tɪ ɪts slæʃ fænz. ɛz fænz læʃt aʊt ɪn ˈæŋgər æt ˈʤɛnsən, ðə kˈwɛsʧənərz, ənd iʧ ˈəðər, ðə ˈhæʃˌtæg ˈbrifli ˈtrɛndɪd ˈwərldˈwaɪd. stɪl, nɑt ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ wɑz ˈnɛgətɪv. bət ðə ˈʤɛnərəl gʊd vaɪbz æt ðə kənˈvɛnʃən wər kəmˈplitli ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmd baɪ ðə ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz dɪsˈmɪsəl stərd əp frəm fænz ɔn ˈtəmblər, livejournal*, tˈwɪtər, ənd bɪɔnd. ðə kriˈeɪtərz ənd ðə ˈæktərz əv ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl ər juzd tɪ ðiz kˈwɛsʧənz. frəm ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ðə ʃoʊ həz hæd ɪts ʃɛr əv ˈʃɪpərz, fænz əv ðə ˈbrəðərli ləv əv din ənd sæm; mɔr ðən ə fju kənˈvɛnʃənz hæv ˈɔlsoʊ sin ən ˌɪnˈtɛnsli dɪˈvaʊt ˈsəbˌsɛt əv ˈɑrˈpiˈɛf tinhatters*, fænz əv ðə ˈriˌllaɪf riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp əv ˈʤɛrɪd ənd ˈʤɛnsən ˈækəlz, hu pleɪ ðə ˈbrəðərz ɔn ðə ʃoʊ. ðə fæn dɪˈvoʊʃən tɪ ənd ɪnˈθuziˌæzəm fər ðiz ʃɪps hæv meɪd ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl kənˈvɛnʃənz ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli ənˈkəmfərtəbəl ˈpleɪsɪz fər boʊθ ˈæktərz ənd ˈfɛloʊ fænz ɪn ðə pæst. bət ɪz nɑt ən ɪnˈtaɪərli ʃɪp. ənd ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl, noʊn fər ˈkɪlɪŋ ɔf ɪts geɪ ˈkɛrɪktərz, ɪz ˈɔfən dɪˈraɪdɪd fər ɪn yay”*” ˈoʊnli tɪ tərn əraʊnd ənd dɪˈklɛr homo.”*.” ˈækəlz hɪmˈsɛlf ɪz nɑt ˌɪmˈjun, ənd fænz hæv hæd ˈplɛnti əv ˈmoʊmənts laɪk ðɪs frəm ˌdiˌviˈdi ˈkɑmənˌtɛriz, ˈpænəlz, ənd ˈɛkstrəz tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ ðɛr ˈʃɪpɪŋ: ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈviə ðə ˈætəˌtud əv ðə ʃoʊ təˈwɔrdz ɪts ˈmɛni slæʃ fænz ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli ˈfrəˌstreɪtɪŋ tɪ fænz, bət ˌprɑbləˈmætɪk, kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli lɔŋ laɪn əv ʃoʊz ðət ˈjutəˌlaɪz ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ bɪld ðɛr fanbases*, wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən əv ˈɛvər ˈfɑloʊɪŋ θru. ðə læk əv ækˈnɑlɪʤmənt ðət kwɪr ˈroʊmæns kʊd bi ə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti fər praɪm moʊst kəmˈpɛlɪŋ riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps ɪz ə kɔr pɑrt əv ðə ˈrizən slæʃ ɪgˈzɪsts tɪ bɪˈgɪn wɪθ; ənd waɪl həz groʊn ˌdɪˈsaɪdədli mɔr ˈmeɪnˌstrim sɪns ðə deɪz əv kirk/spock*, ðə ˈætəˌtud kriˈeɪtərz hæv təˈwɔrdz ðə aɪˈdiə əv tu meɪl ˈkɛrɪktərz ˈfɑlɪŋ ɪn ləv ɔn ə ʃoʊ ɔˈrɛdi ɪˈstæblɪʃt ðɛm ɛz streɪt həz ˌəndərˈgɔn ˈvərʧuəli noʊ ʧeɪnʤ æt ɔl. waɪ, æt ə kɔr ˈlɛvəl, soʊ ˈmɛni slæʃ fænz stɪl ˈdɛspərətli hoʊp ənd bɪˈliv ðət ðɛr ʃɪp kʊd bɪˈkəm ˈnoʊtəbli, fænz ənd fænz. boʊθ tin wʊlf ənd fænz kən bi faʊnd ˈfrikwɛntli ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðɛr ʃɪps ɛz ɪf ðeɪ ər aʊt hoʊp ðət ðə kriˈeɪtɪv tim wɪl du ðə dɪˈvərs θɪŋ ənd əˈlaʊ ðɛr prɪˈzuməbli streɪt ˈkɛrɪktərz tɪ bi kwɪr ənd ɪn ləv. bət ɛz fɑr ɛz ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl goʊz, ɪt simz ənˈlaɪkli. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə əˈbɪzməl træk ˈrɛkərd wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈwɪmən, ðə ʃoʊ həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnɛvər ʃoʊn məʧ rɪˈspɛkt fər ðə ɪˈnɔrmɪs ˈfiˌmeɪl ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən əv ˈʃɪpərz hu kəmˈpraɪz ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ɪts fanbase*. ɔn ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz wɛr ˈpɛrədiz ɪts oʊn fanbase*, ɪt pɔrˈtreɪz ɪt ɪnˈtaɪərli ˌɪˈnækjərətli ɛz biɪŋ ˈmoʊstli kəmˈpraɪzd əv meɪl giks wɪθ ə fju ˈaʊˌtlaɪɪŋ, ˈræbɪd, ənd ˈkreɪzi ˈfiˌmeɪl slæʃ fænz ɪn ðə məˈnɔrəti. ðə oʊn ˈætəˌtud əv kənˈtɛmpt təˈwɔrdz ðə ˈmɛni slæʃ fænz ɪn ɪts mɪst ðə nid fər slæʃ ˈʃɪpərz tɪ hæv səm ækˈnɑlɪʤmənt əv ðə ˈpɛrɪŋ frəm ðə ˈæktərz ənd kriˈeɪtɪv ɪnˈkərəʤəz ðə ˈəðər pɑrts əv ðə tɪ bi dɪsˈmɪsɪv ənd kənˈtɛmpʧuəs əv ɪt ɪn ðɛr tərn. wʊd ˈnɛvər səˈpɔrt ə geɪ riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp bɪtˈwin din ənd castiel,”*,” ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ. geɪ. ˈʤɛnsən geɪ. ˈnɔrməl ˈpipəl ər nɑt gay.”*.” ˈmɛni ˈpipəl ər ˈwɛri əv slæʃ ˈʃɪpɪŋ, ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðət kən ɪgˈzɪbɪt ə ˈætəˌtud ðət rɪfˈjuzɪz tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤ ər ˈsɛləˌbreɪt pləˈtɑnɪk meɪl ˈɪntəməsi ər pʊʃ fər mɔr ˈɑnəst kwɪr ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən. bət æt ə ˈbeɪsɪk ˈlɛvəl, dɪsˈmɪsəl əv ðə kˈwɛʃən əv ə gərl hu kleɪmd tɪ bi ˌbaɪˈsɛkʃuəl, noʊ əv erasure*. ˈmɛni, ˈmɛni fænz frəm əraʊnd ðə dɪˈklɛrd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈæŋgri, hərt, ənd ˈmɑrʤənəˌlaɪzd. ˈəðərz ˈvɪləfaɪd ðə bɪˈheɪvjər əv ðə fænz hu rɪfˈjuzd tɪ rɪˈspɛkt ˈbaʊndəriz ənd pʊʃt ðə ˈɔkwərd kˈwɛsʧənz əˈpɑn ɪm tɪ bɪˈgɪn wɪθ. ˈtəmblər ˈjuzər heartensoul*, hu ˈəˌploʊdɪd ðə ˈvɪdioʊ əv ðə ˈɪnsədənt, wɑz strək baɪ ðə bɪˈheɪvjər ɛz məʧ ɛz baɪ: wɪn aɪ hərd ðə kraʊd kəˈlɛktɪvli buɪŋ aɪ gɑt ˈrɪli ənˈkəmfərtəbəl wɪθ maɪ oʊn rɪˈspɑns ənd ˈɔlsoʊ ðɛrz. wɪn aɪ hərd rɪˈspɑns, aɪ wɑz stənd ˈɪntu ˈsaɪləns ənd ˈrɛkərd, teɪk pics*, ər ˈrɪli ˈivɪn hir ðə kˈwɛsʧənz fər ə bɪt. wət ˈhæpənd wɑz nɑt ˌoʊˈkeɪ. ˈʤɛnsən nidz ə ˈbɛtər rɪˈspɑns. nidz ə ˈbɛtər rɪˈspɑns. wi nid tɪ ˈseɪfˌgɑrd əˈgɛnst ðɪs, ˈiðər θru ˈskrinɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz ər ðə ˈæktər biɪŋ ə bɪt mɔr ˈædəlt əˈbaʊt ɪt ənd ˈoʊnɪŋ əp baɪ seɪɪŋ nɑt haʊ aɪ ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ pleɪ ɪt, bət ˈwɛlkəm tɪ jʊr interpretation.”*.” ðiz taɪps əv kˈwɛsʧənz ər nɑt goʊɪŋ əˈweɪ; wi nid tɪ lərn haʊ tɪ ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ ðɛm laɪk ˈædəlts. ɔl əv ˈjuˈɛs. ɛz groʊz mɔr ənd mɔr ənd slæʃ ˈʃɪpɪŋ ər ˈɔlˌmoʊst səˈnɑnəməs æt ðɪs nɑt ʤɪst kriˈeɪtɪv tim bət ˈɛni ˈnəmbər əv ʃoʊz hu nid tɪ kənˈsɪdər ðə kˈwɛʃən əv haʊ tɪ dil wɪθ kˈwɛsʧənz frəm slæʃ fænz æt kənˈvɛnʃənz laɪk ðɪs. əˈspɛʃəli ɪf, ɪn ðə keɪs əv ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl, ðə ʃoʊ ɪz ˈoʊnli ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈoʊvər taɪm. ˈəpˌdeɪt: ˈtəmblər ˈjuzər həz kəm ˈfɔrwərd ˈkleɪmɪŋ tɪ bi ðə fæn hu æst ðə kˈwɛʃən, əˈpɛrəntli kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə ˈtəmblər əˈkaʊnt tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn wət hər fʊl kˈwɛʃən wʊd hæv bɪn: ləvd siɪŋ ˈkɛrɪktər bɪˈkəm mɔr ˈkəmfərtəbəl wɪθ hɪmˈsɛlf ðɪs ˈsizən. ɛz ə ˌbaɪˈsɛkʃuəl, ˈnoʊtɪst səm ˈpɑsəbəl ˈsəbˌtɛkst, ɛz sin ɪn ˈɛvriˌbɑdi heɪts ˈhɪtlər, ðət din maɪt bi ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ əkˈsɛpt hɪmˈsɛlf ɛz ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈəðər ðən streɪt tu? aɪ noʊ sɛd ju noʊ din ˈbɛtər ðən ˈɛniˌwən, soʊ, ɪn jʊr prəˈfɛʃənəl əˈpɪnjən, ɛz ðə priˈɛmənənt ˈskɑlər ɔn din ˈwɪnˌʧɛstər, ɪf ju si ðət ɛz ə ˈvælɪd ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən əv goʊɪŋ ɔn wɪθ ðə ˈkɛrɪktər ðɪs ˈsizən. əˈnəðər ˈtəmblər ˈjuzər, wonderfulwincestxx*, ˈɔlsoʊ kleɪmz tɪ hæv lɛft ðə kənˈvɛnʃən ˈərli ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ ə kˈwɛʃən rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə ɪt gɪts ˈbɛtər ˈprɑʤɛkt rɪˈʤɛktɪd ˌbiˈfɔr ʃi kʊd æsk ɪt. ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən baɪ
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“being gay is not okay. thank you jensen ackles for banning gay questions at conventions,” a supernatural fan wrote on tumblr in the middle of a fandom-wide meltdown that took place this weekend over supernatural new jerseycon.
on saturday morning, multiple fan reports surfaced alleging that a con organizer had refused certain ship-related questions because jensen ackles, who plays the dreamy dean on the cw’s long-running testosterone candy, was “uncomfortable” when faced with the show’s enormous contingent of dean/castiel shippers. the problem? dean is a guy, and castiel is a male angel. questions about the show’s notable homoerotic subtext were first disallowed, then booed by audiences—and notably rebuffed by ackles, a lead actor on the show.
was ackles suddenly stricken with homophobia? well, this is fandom, and a lot more complicated than that. the shippers are part of the enormous slash fandom that has long fueled supernatural‘s popularity, pushed it to eight seasons with no end in sight, and made it part of the trifecta of tumblr fandoms to rule them all: superwholock. supernatural (spn) has had intense shippers for as long as been on air. but none of them can hold a candle to destiel, the huge dean/castiel ship that has swallowed fandom whole ever since castiel strode into the show’s fourth season and raised dean from perdition and into the annals of slash fandom’s megaships.
but after eight seasons, the actors’ discomfort with the subject of destiel seems to be increasing along with the subtextual support for the ship on the show itself. addressing the ship directly would potentially result in either a denial or an affirmation, either of which would spoil the plot or upset shippers. so while questions about destiel have long been a part of the actors’ environments at conventions, as time goes on getting harder to answer.
the question “is castiel in love with dean?” did make it into a saturday panel because the always fandom-friendly misha collins, who plays the angel, doesn’t mind handling potentially awkward questions that may only cause pain to shippers. but a question about dean’s sexuality supposedly never made it past a con organizer because those questions made ackles “uncomfortable.” the fan who asked both questions identified herself as “jen,” an 18-year-old. while fandom rejoiced at misha’s straightforward answer, it proceeded to implode over the thought that jensen might be putting a moratorium on talk of shipping—especially male/male shipping. some fans went even further:
perhaps inevitably, this happened:
photos via itsjustjensen/tumblr
as the crowd booed the questioner who started to ask about homoerotic subtext, ackles commented on the fact that it was the very first question of the evening, then told her not to ruin it for everyone, and brushed off the question—which never got fully asked—by saying he was “going to pretend not to know” what she was about to ask.
if spn fans thought they had it bad on saturday over the unasked question, the drama on sunday over the one that went through was overwhelming. after jensen dismissed the fan, she was supposedly found crying. it was exactly the worst-case scenario for a fandom already tremendously polarized around the subject of destiel. and it came at a moment when fans were already divided intensely over whether asking questions about the show’s rampant gay subtext—this season so far has found the two would-be lovers embracing and telling each other “i need you” at crucial plot moments—would be invasive, or a perfectly understandable response to the show’s own pandering to its slash fans.
as fans lashed out in anger at jensen, the questioners, and each other, the #njcon hashtag briefly trended worldwide.
still, not everything was negative.
but the general good vibes at the convention were completely overwhelmed by the emotions ackles’s dismissal stirred up from fans on tumblr, livejournal, twitter, and beyond.
the creators and the actors of supernatural are used to these questions. from the beginning the show has had its share of wincest shippers, fans of the incesty brotherly love of dean and sam; more than a few conventions have also seen an intensely devout subset of jared/jensen rpf tinhatters, fans of the real-life relationship of jared padelecki and jensen ackles, who play the brothers on the show. the fan devotion to and enthusiasm for these ships have made supernatural conventions occasionally uncomfortable places for both actors and fellow fans in the past.
but destiel is not an entirely fan-created ship. and supernatural, known for killing off its textually gay characters, is often derided for “queerbaiting”—dabbling in “ho yay” only to turn around and declare “no homo.” ackles himself is not immune, and destiel fans have had plenty of moments like this from dvd commentaries, panels, and extras to encourage their shipping:
photo via onamelancholyhill/tumblr
the wink-wink-nod attitude of the show towards its many slash fans is not only frustrating to fans, but problematic, considering the incredibly long line of shows that utilize queerbaiting in order to build their fanbases, without any intention of ever following through. the lack of acknowledgment that queer romance could be a possibility for prime time’s most compelling relationships is a core part of the reason slash fandom exists to begin with; and while fandom has grown decidedly more mainstream since the days of kirk/spock, the attitude creators have towards the idea of two male characters falling in love on a show that’s already established them as straight has undergone virtually no change at all. why, at a core level, so many slash fans still desperately hope and believe that their ship could become canon—most notably, sterek fans and destiel fans. both teen wolf and spn fans can be found frequently talking about their ships as if they are “endgame”—holding out hope that the show’s creative team will do the diverse thing and allow their presumably straight characters to be queer and in love.
but as far as supernatural goes, it seems unlikely. in addition to the show’s abysmal track record when it comes to women, the show has also never shown much respect for the enormous female population of shippers who comprise the majority of its fanbase. on episodes where spn parodies its own fanbase, it portrays it entirely inaccurately as being mostly comprised of male geeks with a few outlying, rabid, and crazy female slash fans in the minority. the show’s own attitude of contempt towards the many slash fans in its midst catalyzes the need for slash shippers to have some acknowledgment of the destiel pairing from the actors and creative team—and encourages the other parts of the fandom to be dismissive and contemptuous of it in their turn.
“jensen would never support a gay relationship between dean and castiel,” insisted sunflower-garden-utopia on saturday. “dean isn’t gay. jensen isn’t gay. normal people are not gay.”
many people are wary of slash shipping, claiming that slashers can exhibit a fetishistic attitude that refuses to acknowledge or celebrate platonic male intimacy or push for more honest queer representation. but at a basic level, ackles’s dismissal of the question of dean’s sexuality—from a girl who claimed to be bisexual, no less—smacked of erasure. many, many fans from around the fandom declared themselves angry, hurt, and marginalized. others vilified the behavior of the fans who refused to respect ackles’s boundaries and pushed the awkward questions upon him to begin with. tumblr user heartensoul, who uploaded the video of the incident, was struck by the crowd’s behavior as much as by jensen’s:
when i heard the crowd collectively booing … i got really uncomfortable with my own response and also theirs. when i heard jensen’s response, i was stunned into silence and record, take pics, or really even hear the questions for a bit. what happened was not okay. jensen needs a better response. fandom needs a better response. we need to safeguard against this, either through screening questions or the actor being a bit more adult about it and owning up by saying “that’s not how i intended to play it, but you’re welcome to your interpretation.” these types of questions are not going away; we need to learn how to interact with them like adults. all of us.
as fandom grows more and more mainstream—tumblr and slash shipping are almost synonymous at this point—it’s not just spn’s creative team but any number of shows who need to consider the question of how to deal with questions from slash fans at conventions like this.
especially if, in the case of supernatural, the show is only getting slashier over time.
update: tumblr user themysterygirlfromnjcon has come forward claiming to be the fan who asked the question, apparently creating a tumblr account to explain what her full question would have been:
i’ve loved seeing dean’s character become more comfortable with himself this season. as a bisexual, i’ve noticed some possible subtext, as seen in everybody hates hitler, that dean might be coming to accept himself as something other than straight too? i know you’ve said you know dean better than anyone, so, in your professional opinion, as the preeminent scholar on dean winchester, if you see that as a valid interpretation of what’s going on with the character this season.
another tumblr user, wonderfulwincestxx, also claims to have left the convention early after having a question related to the it gets better project rejected before she could ask it.
illustration by nasyu/deviantart
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mæn hu tʊk ˈpɪkʧərz əv ˈwɪmən ɔn ˈbɔstən ˈsəbˌweɪ dɪd nɑt ˈvaɪəleɪt steɪt lɔ bɪˈkəz ðə ˈwɪmən wər nɑt nud, kɔrt faɪndz ə mæn hu tʊk ˈsɛlfoʊn ˈfoʊˌtoʊz əp ðə skərts əv ˈwɪmən ˈraɪdɪŋ ðə ˈbɔstən ˈsəbˌweɪ dɪd nɑt ˈvaɪəleɪt steɪt lɔ bɪˈkəz ðə ˈwɪmən wər nɑt nud ər ˈpɑrʃəli nud, massachusetts’*’ haɪəst kɔrt ruld ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. ðə səˈprim ʤuˈdɪʃəl kɔrt ˌoʊvərˈruld ə loʊər kɔrt ðət hæd əˈphɛld ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst ˈmaɪkəl ˈrɑbərtsən, hu wɑz ərˈɛstɪd ɪn ˈɔgəst 2010 baɪ ˈtrænzɪt pəˈlis hu sɛt əp ə stɪŋ ˈæftər ˈgɪtɪŋ rɪˈpɔrts ðət hi wɑz ˈjuzɪŋ hɪz ˈsɛlfoʊn tɪ teɪk ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ənd ˈvɪdioʊ əp ˈfiˌmeɪl riders’*’ skərts ənd ˈdrɛsɪz. ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈprɑmptɪd tɔp ˈbikən hɪl ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz tɪ plɛʤ tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt steɪt lɔ. ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈsoʊˈkɔld ˈpipɪŋ tɑm lɔz prəˈtɛkt ˈpipəl frəm biɪŋ ˈfoʊtəˌgræft ɪn ˈdrɛsɪŋ rumz ənd ˈbɑθˌrumz wɪn nud ər ˈpɑrʃəli nud, bət ðə weɪ ðə lɔ ɪz ˈrɪtən, ɪt dɪz nɑt prəˈtɛkt kloʊðd ˈpipəl ɪn ˈpəblɪk ˈɛriəz, ðə kɔrt sɛd. ˈfiˌmeɪl ˈpæsənʤər ɔn ə ˈtrɑli hu ɪz ˈwɛrɪŋ ə skərt, drɛs, ər ðə laɪk ˈkəvərɪŋ ðiz pɑrts əv hər ˈbɑdi ɪz nɑt ə ˈpərsən hu ɪz nude,’*,’ noʊ ˈmætər wət ɪz ər ɪz nɑt ˌəndərˈniθ ðə skərt baɪ weɪ əv ˈəndərˌwɛr ər ˈəðər clothing,”*,” ðə kɔrt sɛd ɪn ɪts ˈrulɪŋ. steɪt lɔ nɑt əˈplaɪ tɪ ˈfoʊtəˌgræfɪŋ (ər ˈvɪdioʊˌteɪpɪŋ ər ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪkəˌli sərˈveɪlɪŋ) ˈpərsənz hu ər ˈfʊli kloʊðd ənd, ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, dɪz nɑt riʧ ðə taɪp əv ðət ðə dɪˈfɛndənt ɪz ʧɑrʤd wɪθ əˈtɛmptɪŋ tɪ əˈkɑmplɪʃ ɔn ðə mbta,”*,” ðə kɔrt sɛd. ðə sɛd ðət waɪl səʧ ˈækʃənz ʃʊd bi ˌɪˈligəl, ðeɪ ər nɑt, ˈgɪvɪn ðə weɪ steɪt lɔ ɪz ˈrɪtən. ˈsəfək ˈkaʊnti ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz sɛd ðɛr ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən əv ðə ˈpipɪŋ tɑm lɔ wɑz ðət ““upskirt”*” ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ər ˌɪˈligəl. ˈdɪstrɪkt əˈtərni dæn ˈkɑnli sɛd ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz ər ˈhoʊpɪŋ steɪt ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz wɪl ʧeɪnʤ ðə ˈwərdɪŋ əv ðə ˈstæʧut baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðɪs ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈsɛʃən. wi hæv ɪz nɑt ðət ðə səˈprim ʤuˈdɪʃəl kɔrt ɪz seɪɪŋ ðɪs ɪz ok,”*,” ˈkɑnli sɛd. ˈstæʧəˌtɔri ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ʤɪst kwaɪt fɪt ðə conduct,”*,” hi sɛd. ˈkɑnli ˈædɪd ðət ðɪs ˈkɑndəkt həz bɪˈkəm mɔr ənd mɔr ˈprɛvələnt, ənd hi ərʤd ˈraɪdərz tɪ bi əˈlərt. ˈækʃən ɪz ˌɪˈmɔrəl ənd ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnsəbəl; du it,”*,” hi sɛd. ə ˈtɛləˌfoʊn ˈmɛsɪʤ lɛft wɪθ mɪˈʃɛl ˈmɛŋkən, əˈtərni, wɑz nɑt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli rɪˈtərnd. ˌmæsəˈʧusəts haʊs ˈspikər ˈrɑbərt ˈdɛlioʊ sɛd ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ər ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ faɪnd ə weɪ tɪ ˈklɛrəˌfaɪ ðə lɔ. ˈrulɪŋ əv ðə səˈprim ʤuˈdɪʃəl kɔrt ɪz ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ðə ˈspɪrɪt əv ðə ˈkɑrənt lɔ. ðə haʊs wɪl bɪˈgɪn wərk ɔn ˈəpˌdeɪtɪŋ ɑr ˈstæʧuts tɪ kənˈfɔrm wɪθ tɛkˈnɑləʤi immediately,”*,” ˈdɛlioʊ sɛd ɪn ə ˈrɪtən ˈsteɪtmənt ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. ˈsɛnɪt ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈθɛris ˈməri sɛd ʃi wɑz ənd disappointed”*” wɪθ ðə kɔrt ˈrulɪŋ. ʃi sɛd ðə ˈsɛnɪt wɪl rɪˈspɑnd kˈwɪkli. hæv fɔt tu hɑrd ənd tu lɔŋ fər raɪts tɪ teɪk ðə stɛp backward,”*,” ˈməri sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt. æm ɪn ˌdɪsbɪˈlif ðət ðə kɔrts wʊd kəm tɪ ðɪs kaɪnd əv dɪˈsɪʒən ənd ˈaʊˌtreɪʤd æt wət ɪt minz fər ˈpraɪvəsi ənd ˈpəblɪk safety.”*.” ˈʤinə scaramella*, ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈbɔstən ˈɛriə reɪp ˈkraɪsəs ˈsɛnər, sɛd səʧ ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ər ə ˈsɪriəs ˌɪnˈveɪʒən əv ˈpraɪvəsi. ʃi sɛd ðə lɔ nidz tɪ kæʧ əp tɪ tɛkˈnɑləʤi. ˈrɪli ɪz ə fɔrm əv ˈsɛkʃuəl hərˈæsmənt. ə vaɪəˈleɪʃən fər ðə ˈpərsən hu ɪz ənˈnoʊɪŋli ˈgɪtɪŋ ðɛr ˈbɑdi photographed,”*,” ʃi sɛd. wɛr ˈkloʊðɪŋ fər ə ˈrizən ənd ˈhævɪŋ ˈsəmˌwən ˈvaɪəleɪt ðət ˈpraɪvəsi ɪz ə ril problem.”*.” ˈspoʊksmən ʤoʊ sɛd ðət ˈtrænzɪt pəˈlis səˈpɔrt ðə ˈsəfək ˈkaʊnti ˈdɪstrɪkt ˈɛfərts tɪ wərk wɪθ ðə ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪʧər ɪn riˈraɪtɪŋ ðə ˈstæʧut. hi dɪd nɑt seɪ wət ðə kʊd du ɪn ðə ˈminˌtaɪm tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ðə ækˈtɪvɪti. sɛd ðət ɪn ðə pæst θri jɪrz, ti pəˈlis hæv ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd 13 photographing”*” ˈkeɪsɪz. ɪn səm ˈkeɪsɪz, ðə əˈlɛʤd əˈfɛndər wɑz ˈɪʃud ə kɔrt ˈsəmənz. səm rɪˈmeɪn ˈoʊpən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðoʊz θri jɪrz ðɛr wɑz ən ˈævərɪʤ əv 395 ˈmɪljən ˈpæsənʤər trɪps ɔn ðə.
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man who took pictures of women on boston subway did not violate state law because the women were not nude, court finds
a man who took cellphone photos up the skirts of women riding the boston subway did not violate state law because the women were not nude or partially nude, massachusetts’ highest court ruled wednesday.
the supreme judicial court overruled a lower court that had upheld charges against michael robertson, who was arrested in august 2010 by transit police who set up a sting after getting reports that he was using his cellphone to take photos and video up female riders’ skirts and dresses.
the ruling immediately prompted top beacon hill lawmakers to pledge to update state law.
existing so-called peeping tom laws protect people from being photographed in dressing rooms and bathrooms when nude or partially nude, but the way the law is written, it does not protect clothed people in public areas, the court said.
“a female passenger on a mbta trolley who is wearing a skirt, dress, or the like covering these parts of her body is not a person who is ‘partially nude,’ no matter what is or is not underneath the skirt by way of underwear or other clothing,” the court said in its ruling.
state law “does not apply to photographing (or videotaping or electronically surveilling) persons who are fully clothed and, in particular, does not reach the type of upskirting that the defendant is charged with attempting to accomplish on the mbta,” the court said.
the sjc said that while such actions should be illegal, they are not, given the way state law is written.
suffolk county prosecutors said their interpretation of the state’s peeping tom law was that “upskirt” photos are illegal.
district attorney dan conley said prosecutors are hoping state lawmakers will change the wording of the statute by the end of this legislative session.
“what we have is not that the supreme judicial court is saying this is ok,” conley said. “the statutory language just didn’t quite fit the conduct,” he said.
conley added that this conduct has become more and more prevalent, and he urged riders to be alert. “this action is immoral and reprehensible; don’t do it,” he said.
a telephone message left with michelle menken, robertson’s attorney, was not immediately returned.
massachusetts house speaker robert deleo said lawmakers are working to find a way to clarify the law.
“the ruling of the supreme judicial court is contrary to the spirit of the current law. the house will begin work on updating our statutes to conform with today’s technology immediately,” deleo said in a written statement wednesday.
senate president therese murray said she was “stunned and disappointed” with the court ruling. she said the senate will respond quickly.
“we have fought too hard and too long for women’s rights to take the step backward,” murray said in a statement. “i am in disbelief that the courts would come to this kind of decision and outraged at what it means for women’s privacy and public safety.”
gina scaramella, executive director of the boston area rape crisis center, said such photos are a serious invasion of privacy. she said the law needs to catch up to technology.
“it really is a form of sexual harassment. it’s a violation for the person who is unknowingly getting their body photographed,” she said. “people wear clothing for a reason and having someone violate that privacy is a real problem.”
mbta spokesman joe pesaturo said that transit police support the suffolk county district attorney’s efforts to work with the legislature in rewriting the statute. he did not say what the mbta could do in the meantime to prevent the activity.
pesaturo said that in the past three years, t police have investigated 13 “secretly photographing” cases. in some cases, the alleged offender was issued a court summons. some remain open investigations. during those three years there was an average of 395 million passenger trips on the mbta.
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məˈlɑwiz nu ˈprɛzɪdənt həz plɛʤd tɪ lɪft ðə ˈkəntriz bæn ɔn ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti, ˈbreɪkɪŋ ræŋks frəm məʧ əv ˈæfrɪkɑ wɛr səʧ ækˈtɪvɪti rɪˈmeɪnz ə kraɪm. ʤɔɪs ˈbændə, hu keɪm tɪ paʊər ɪn ˈeɪprəl ɔn ðə dɛθ əv hər ˈprɛdəˌsɛsər, sɛd ɪn hər fərst steɪt əv ðə ˈneɪʃən ˈæˌdrɛs ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ: "ˌɪnˈdisənsi ənd ənˈnæʧərəl ækts lɔz ʃæl bi rɪˈpild." ʃi dɪˈskraɪbd ðə ˈmɛʒər ɛz ə ˈmætər əv ˈərʤənsi. ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɪn ðə spiʧ, ˈbændə sɛd hər ˈgəvərnmənt ˈwɔntɪd tɪ riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ "ɑr trəˈdɪʃənəl dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈpɑrtnərz hu wər ənˈkəmfərtəbəl wɪθ ɑr bæd lɔz". bət riˈpilɪŋ ə lɔ rikˈwaɪərz ə ˌpɑrləˈmɛntəri voʊt ənd, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈpɑrti kəˈmændz ə məˈʤɔrəti, ɪt ɪz ənˈklɪr haʊ məʧ səˈpɔrt ðə muv wʊd hæv ɪn ðɪs ˈsoʊʃəli kənˈsərvətɪv ˈneɪʃən. məˈlɑwi wɑz ˈwaɪdli kənˈdɛmd fər ðə kənˈvɪkʃən ənd ˈprɪzən ˈsɛntənsɪz ˈgɪvɪn ɪn 2010 tɪ tu mɛn hu wər ərˈɛstɪd ˈæftər ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪŋ ðɛr ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt ənd wər ʧɑrʤd wɪθ ənˈnæʧərəl ækts ənd groʊs ˌɪnˈdisənsi. ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt æt ðə taɪm, wɑ, ˈpɑrdənd ðə ˈkəpəl ɔn "ˌjuˌmænəˈtɛriən graʊnz ˈoʊnli", waɪl ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðeɪ hæd "kəˈmɪtɪd ə kraɪm əˈgɛnst ɑr ˈkəlʧər, əˈgɛnst ɑr rɪˈlɪʤən, ənd əˈgɛnst ɑr lɔz". daɪd frəm ə hɑrt əˈtæk ɪn ˈeɪprəl. ˈbændə, hu wɑz ˈvaɪˈsprɛzədənt, stɛpt ɪn tɪ sərv aʊt hɪz tərm, wɪʧ ɛndz ɪn 2014 ʃi həz hɪt ðə graʊnd ˈrənɪŋ wɪθ ə ˈkæbənət riˈʃəfəl, ðə ˈsækɪŋ əv ðə pəˈlis ʧif ənd sˈwipɪŋ rɪˈfɔrmz tɪ breɪk frəm ˌɔtəˈkrætɪk rul. hər ɑˈdeɪʃəs plæn tɪ ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti wɑz ˈwɛlkəmd baɪ ðə kæmˈpeɪnər gɪft, ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈsɛntər fər ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ˈpipəl. "ɪf ðæts wət ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt sɛd, məˈlɑwi ɪz goʊɪŋ ɪn ðə raɪt dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ɪn tərmz əv ˈjumən raɪts ənd ˈmitɪŋ ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈjumən raɪts ˈstændərdz, ənd seɪɪŋ ˈpipəl ər ˈikwəl ˌɪrəˈspɛktɪv əv ˈsɛkʃuəl ˌɔriɛnˈteɪʃən," hi sɛd. ˈbændə həz ˈpriviəsli ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd hər ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈætəˌtudz ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu, hi kənˈtɪnjud. "wɪn ʃi wɑz ˈvaɪˈsprɛzədənt ʃi wɑz ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ə grup əv rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈlidərz ənd ʃi spoʊk ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ kəmˈjunɪtiz ɪn ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃənz." sɛd stænd ˈɔfərz hoʊp ɪn ə ˈkɑntənənt wɛr ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti ɪz ɪn 37 ˈkəntriz. "ɪt həz kəm æt ðə raɪt taɪm ɛz ðə ˈæfrɪkɑn ˈjunjən ɪz ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ əˈtɛnd ə ˈsəmɪt ɪn məˈlɑwi. ðɪs sɛndz ə gʊd ˈmɛsɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈæfrɪkɑn hɛdz əv steɪt hu wɪl əˈtɛnd." sɛd ðə geɪ ˈkəpəl huz ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt kɔzd ə stɔrm, ənd ˈstivən, wər noʊ ˈlɔŋgər təˈgɛðər. geɪnd əˈsaɪləm ɪn keɪp taʊn, saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ, waɪl ɪz ˈsərvɪŋ ə θˈriˌjɪr ˈprɪzən ˈsɛntəns fər θɛft. "ðeɪ wɪl bi ˈhæpi æt ðɪs dɪˈsɪʒən," hi ˈædɪd. "ðeɪ wɪl lʊk bæk æt haʊ ðeɪ ˈsəfərd ənd wər ˌɪnˈkɑrsərˌeɪtɪd ənd hæv ə smaɪl ðət æt list ðeɪ dɪd ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ ˈɪnfluəns ðə ˈsɑdəmi lɔz ˈəndər wɪʧ ðeɪ wər kənˈvɪktəd." ˈkitə, wən əv məˈlɑwiz ˈlidɪŋ ˈjumən raɪts ˈlɔjərz, sɛd hi ˈwɛlkəmd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts əˈnaʊnsmɛnt. "ʃi həz dən ðə raɪt θɪŋ. ðə rɪˈpil əv ðɪs bæd lɔ ɪz lɔŋ ˈoʊvərˈdu." ðə lɔ ɪz "ˌənˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl əˈgɛnst ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈjumən raɪts ˈstændərdz", hi ˈædɪd. mwakasungula*, ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈsɛntər fər ˈjumən raɪts ənd ˌriəˌbɪləˈteɪʃən, sɛd: "ðɪs ɪz gʊd nuz fər ˈjuˈɛs ɛz wi hæv bɪn ˈædvəˌkeɪtɪŋ fər ðiz ˈsɑdəmi lɔz tɪ bi rivˈjud ər rɪˈpild ɛz pɑrt əv ɔl ðə bæd lɔz. naʊ ðət ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤɔɪs ˈbændə həz ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ðət ðə ˈsɑdəmi lɔz wɪl bi pɑrt əv ðə lɔz tɪ bi rɪˈpild, ðɪs ɪz ˈvɛri ˈwɛlkəm dɪˈvɛləpmənt." ɪn saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ, ðə ˈoʊnli ˈæfrɪkɑn ˈkəntri wɪθ lɔz prəˈtɛktɪŋ geɪ raɪts, ˈæktɪvɪst mɑrk ˈheɪˌwʊd sɛd ˈbændə wʊd hæv ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl səˈpɔrt. "aɪ hoʊp ðət ʃi ɪz pərsˈweɪsɪv ɪˈnəf ɪn hər oʊn ˈkəntri," hi toʊld ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs. "ɪts ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt fər ˈəðər ˈæfrɪkɑn ˈkəntriz ˈəðər ðən saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ tɪ muv ɪn ðɪs dɪˈrɛkʃɪn. sɪmˈbɑlɪkəli, aɪ θɪŋk ɪt ɪz ˈvɛri ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt fər ˈæfrɪkɑ." ə rɪˈpɔrt ðɪs wik frəm ˈkɛnjə ənd ˌjuˈgɑndɑ baɪ ðə ˈwɑʧˌdɔg ˈjumən raɪts fərst faʊnd ðət ˈæfrɪkɑn ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkˌʃuəlz hu flɛd ˌpərsəˈkjuʃən ɪn ðɛr ˈkəntriz wər əbˈdəktɪd, ˈbitən ənd reɪpt ɪn ðə ˈpleɪsɪz wɛr ðeɪ sɔt əˈsaɪləm. ɪt ˈsaɪtɪd ɪgˈzæmpəlz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ tu ˈrɛfjuʤi ˈwɪmən ɪn ˌjuˈgɑndɑ hu wər əbˈdəktɪd ənd reɪpt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ hæd bɪn əˈsɪstɪŋ ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz, faɪv ˈkeɪsɪz əv "kərˈɛktɪv reɪp" əv ˈlɛzbiən ər ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər meɪl ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz ɪn ˌjuˈgɑndɑ ənd ə geɪ səˈmɑli ˈtiˌneɪʤər ɪn ˈkɛnjə hu wɑz daʊst ɪn ˈpɛtroʊl ənd wʊd hæv bɪn sɛt ɔn faɪər ɪf nɑt fər ðə ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən əv ən ˈoʊldər səˈmɑli ˈwʊmən. ˈjumən raɪts fərst, ə nɑnˌgəvərnˈmɛntəl ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən, kɔld ɔn ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən, ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt, tɪ hɛlp meɪk ʃʊr ðət ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz geɪn ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈseɪfti ənd prəˈtɛkʃən frəm ˈvaɪələns.
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malawi's new president has pledged to lift the country's ban on homosexuality, breaking ranks from much of africa where such activity remains a crime.
joyce banda, who came to power in april on the death of her predecessor, said in her first state of the nation address on friday: "indecency and unnatural acts laws shall be repealed." she described the measure as a matter of urgency.
elsewhere in the speech, banda said her government wanted to normalise relations with "our traditional development partners who were uncomfortable with our bad laws".
but repealing a law requires a parliamentary vote and, although banda's party commands a majority, it is unclear how much support the move would have in this socially conservative nation.
malawi was widely condemned for the conviction and 14-year prison sentences given in 2010 to two men who were arrested after celebrating their engagement and were charged with unnatural acts and gross indecency.
the president at the time, bingu wa mutharika, pardoned the couple on "humanitarian grounds only", while claiming they had "committed a crime against our culture, against our religion, and against our laws".
mutharika died from a heart attack in april. banda, who was vice-president, stepped in to serve out his term, which ends in 2014. she has hit the ground running with a cabinet reshuffle, the sacking of the police chief and sweeping reforms to break from mutharika's autocratic rule.
her audacious plan to legalise homosexuality was welcomed by the campaigner gift trapence, executive director of the centre for the development of people. "if that's what the president said, malawi is going in the right direction in terms of human rights and meeting international human rights standards, and saying people are equal irrespective of sexual orientation," he said.
banda has previously demonstrated her liberal attitudes on the issue, he continued. "when she was vice-president she was invited to address a group of religious leaders and she spoke in favour of including lgbt communities in hiv interventions."
trapence said banda's stand offers hope in a continent where homosexuality is criminalised in 37 countries. "it has come at the right time as the african union is coming to attend a summit in malawi. this sends a good message to the african heads of state who will attend."
trapence said the gay couple whose engagement caused a storm, tiwonge chimbalanga and steven monjeza, were no longer together. chimbalanga gained asylum in cape town, south africa, while monjeza is serving a three-year prison sentence for theft.
"they will be happy at this decision," he added. "they will look back at how they suffered and were incarcerated and have a smile that at least they did something to influence the sodomy laws under which they were convicted."
wapona kita, one of malawi's leading human rights lawyers, said he welcomed the president's announcement. "she has done the right thing. the repeal of this bad law is long overdue."
the law is "unconstitutional against international human rights standards", he added.
undule mwakasungula, executive director of the centre for human rights and rehabilitation, said: "this is good news for us as we have been advocating for these sodomy laws to be reviewed or repealed as part of all the bad laws. now that president joyce banda has indicated that the sodomy laws will be part of the laws to be repealed, this is very welcome development."
in south africa, the only african country with laws protecting gay rights, activist mark heywood said banda would have international support. "i hope that she is persuasive enough in her own country," he told the associated press. "it's really important for other african countries other than south africa to move in this direction. symbolically, i think it is very important for africa."
a report this week from kenya and uganda by the watchdog human rights first found that african homosexuals who fled persecution in their countries were abducted, beaten and raped in the places where they sought asylum.
it cited examples including two refugee women in uganda who were abducted and raped because they had been assisting lgbt refugees, five cases of "corrective rape" of lesbian or transgender male refugees in uganda and a gay somali teenager in kenya who was doused in petrol and would have been set on fire if not for the intervention of an older somali woman.
human rights first, a us-based non-governmental organisation, called on hillary clinton, the secretary of state, to help make sure that lgbt refugees gain access to safety and protection from violence.
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ˈkɑpiˌraɪt baɪ ɔl raɪts rɪˈzərvd (ˈkərtəsi: ˈsɪŋgəltən ˈfæməli) wɛb stæf ˈnæʃvɪl, tɛn. (wkrn*) ðə ˈsaɪkəlɪst hu wɑz ˈɪnʤərd wɪn hi wɑz hɪt baɪ ə kɑr waɪl ɔn ˈnæˌʧɛz treɪs ˈsənˌdi həz daɪd frəm hɪz ˈɪnʤəriz. ˈvændərbɪlt ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsɛnər ˈspoʊkspərsən kənˈfərmd tɪ nuz 2 ˈrændəl ˈsɪŋgəltən pæst əˈweɪ ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ naɪt. əˈθɔrətiz wɪθ ˈnæˌʧɛz treɪs seɪ ɪt ˈhæpənd ʤɪst ˈæftər p.m*. nɪr ðə 418 maɪl ˈmɑrkər. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz wɪθ ðə ˈnæʃənəl pɑrk ˈsərvɪs, ə ˈdraɪvər ɪn ə 1965 fɔrd ˈfælkən ræn ˈɪntu ðə mæn. hi ˈsəfərd sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt hɛd ənd lɛg ˈɪnʤəriz. ðə ˈvɪktɪmz sən, ˈrændəl ˈsɪŋgəltən toʊld nuz 2 hi noʊz ðə ˈɛriə əv ðə treɪs wɛr hɪz dæd wɑz hɪt ənd hi wɛnt bæk tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt. hi sɛd hi ˈdɪdənt faɪnd məʧ ˈæftər ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz pɪkt əp ðə sin. "hi wɑz hɪt nɑt ʤɪst klɪpt. hi wɑz hɪt ˈrɪli hɑrd," hi sɛd. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt baɪ ɔl raɪts rɪˈzərvd (ˈkərtəsi: ˈsɪŋgəltən ˈfæməli) ðə ˈdraɪvər stɑpt, ənd əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈreɪnʤərz, həz bɪn koʊˈɑpərˌeɪtɪŋ wɪθ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə rɪˈpɔrt əbˈteɪnd baɪ nuz 2 ðə ˈlaɪˈflɔŋ mɪˈkænɪk ənd ˈfɑðər ˈsəfərd ə ˈsɪriəs hɛd ˈɪnʤəri. hi wɑz ˈɛˌrlɪftɪd tɪ ˈvændərbɪlt ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsɛnər ɪn ˈnæʃvɪl wɛr hi daɪd. ˈreɪnʤərz sɛd ðə ˈsaɪkəlɪst hæd ə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ dɪˈvaɪs ɔn hɪz baɪk æt ðə taɪm, bət ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz sɛd ðɛr wɑz nɑt ˈɛni ˈvɪdioʊ ʃoʊɪŋ ðə kræʃ. "[aɪ] kænt bi kəmˈplitli ˈæŋgri æt ðɪs ˈpərsən bɪˈkəz aɪ doʊnt noʊ ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən," hɪz sən sɛd. ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz sɛd ðɛr ər noʊ ˈwɪtnəsɪz ˈəðər ðən ðə ˈpipəl ɪn ðə fɔrd ˈfælkən. ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz toʊld nuz 2 ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən kʊd bi ˈlɛŋθi sɪns pɑrk pəˈlis ər duɪŋ ðɛr oʊn ˌrikənˈstrəkʃən əv ðə ˈæksədənt. ˈɛniˌwən wɪθ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ərʤd tɪ kɔl ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz æt ðə juz. ˈnæʃənəl pɑrk ˈsərvɪs æt
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copyright by wkrn - all rights reserved (courtesy: singleton family)
wkrn web staff - nashville, tenn. (wkrn) - the cyclist who was injured when he was hit by a car while on natchez trace sunday has died from his injuries.
vanderbilt university medical center spokesperson confirmed to news 2 randall singleton passed away wednesday night.
authorities with natchez trace say it happened just after 4:30 p.m. near the 418 mile marker.
according to investigators with the national park service, a driver in a 1965 ford falcon ran into the 58-year-old man. he suffered significant head and leg injuries.
the victim's son, randall singleton ii told news 2 he knows the area of the trace where his dad was hit and he went back to investigate. he said he didn't find much after investigators picked up the scene.
"he was hit - not just clipped. he was hit really hard," he said.
copyright by wkrn - all rights reserved (courtesy: singleton family)
the driver stopped, and according to rangers, has been cooperating with investigators.
according to a report obtained by news 2, the lifelong mechanic and father suffered a serious head injury. he was airlifted to vanderbilt university medical center in nashville where he died.
rangers said the cyclist had a recording device on his bike at the time, but investigators said there was not any video showing the crash.
"[i] can't be completely angry at this person because i don't know the situation," his son said.
investigators said there are no witnesses other than the people in the ford falcon.
investigators told news 2 the investigation could be lengthy since park police are doing their own reconstruction of the accident.
anyone with information is urged to call investigators at the u.s. national park service at 662-680-4014.
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ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈfridəm əraʊnd ðə wərld həz dɪˈklaɪnd fər ðə fɔrθ jɪr ɪn ə roʊ, ɛz mɔr ˈkəntriz ˌɪntrəˈdus əˈgrɛsɪv ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈsɛnsərˌʃɪp ˈmɛʒərz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə nu rɪˈpɔrt. ˈfridəm ɔn ðə nɛt 2014 ðə rɪˈpɔrt riˈlist baɪ ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈwɑʧˌdɔg ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ˈfridəm haʊs læst wik, faʊnd ðət əv ðə 65 ˈkəntriz əˈsɛst, 36 ɪkˈspɪriənst ə ˈnɛgətɪv trəˈʤɛktəri ɪn ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈfridəm bɪtˈwin meɪ 2013 ənd meɪ 2014 ðɪs wɑz du tɪ ˈfæktərz səʧ ɛz blɑkt ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərks, əˈgrɛsɪv ˈɔnˌlaɪn sərˈveɪləns ənd cyberattacks*, ənd ðə ˌɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən ənd ərˈɛsts əv ˈʤərnəlɪsts ənd ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈæktɪvɪsts. si ˈɔlsoʊ: ðə 20 moʊst ˈsoʊʃəli prəˈgrɛsɪv ˈkəntriz ɪn ðə wərld ðə rɪˈpɔrt ˈænəˌlaɪzd θri meɪn ˈfæktərz ɪn iʧ ˈkəntri: ˈɑbstəkəlz tɪ ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈækˌsɛs, ˈlɪmɪts ɔn ˈkɑntɛnt ənd vaɪəˈleɪʃənz əv ˈjuzər raɪts. ˌɪˈrɑn rɪˈmeɪnd ðə ˈkəntri wɪθ ðə loʊəst dɪˈgri əv ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈfridəm, dɪˈspaɪt hoʊps əv rɪˈfɔrm wɪn ˈprɛzɪdənt həˈsɑn tʊk ˈɔfəs ɪn ˈɔgəst 2013 ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə nu ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən həz ɛmˈbreɪst ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə, ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈsɪtɪzənz stɪl doʊnt hæv ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ðə ˈgəvərnmənt faɪndz ˈplɪtɪkli ˈsɛnsɪtɪv, səʧ ɛz tˈwɪtər ənd ˈfeɪsˌbʊk. ðə rɪˈpɔrt ˈɔlsoʊ ˈpɔɪntɪd tɪ ˌɪˈrɑniən əˈθɔrətiz ˈsɛntənsɪŋ ˈpipəl tɪ "ˈlɛŋθi ˈprɪzən tərmz fər prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ˈɔnˌlaɪn, əˈməŋ ˈəðər ˈdɪʤɪtəl ækˈtɪvɪtiz." ɪn meɪ 2014 sɪks jəŋ ˌɪˈrɑniənz wər ərˈɛstɪd fər rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ə ˈvaɪrəl ˈjuˌtub ˈvɪdioʊ əv ðɛm ˈdænsɪŋ tɪ sɔŋ "ˈhæpi." ðeɪ wər ˈsəbsəkwəntli ˈgɪvɪn "səˈspɛndɪd ˈsɛntənsɪz" əv sɪks mənθs ɪn ˈprɪzən (ðə dɪˈrɛktər wɑz ˈgɪvɪn wən jɪr), ənd 91 ˈlæʃɪz. ˈsɪriə, ˈʧaɪnə, ˈkjubə, ˌiθiˈoʊpiə ənd uzˈbɛkɪˌstæn ˈfɑloʊ ˌɪˈrɑn ɪn tərmz əv ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈfridəm. ɪn ˈkɑntræst, ˈaɪslənd ræŋkt fərst ɛz ðə ˈneɪʃən wɪθ ðə moʊst ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈfridəm. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ðɛr ˈdəzənt blɔg ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˈplætˌfɔrmz ər ˈkɑntɛnt ənd 97 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈhaʊsˌhoʊldz ər kəˈnɛktɪd tɪ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. ɛˈstoʊniə, ˈkænədə, ɔˈstreɪljə, ˈʤərməni ənd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts meɪd ðə tɔp faɪv ɪn ðə ˈɪndɛks, ˈæftər ˈaɪslənd. ən ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ˈstədi ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər ʃoʊd ðət 83 əv ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈjuzərz əraʊnd ðə wərld bɪˈliv əˈfɔrdəbəl ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ʃʊd bi ə ˈbeɪsɪk ˈjumən raɪt. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ʧɑrt, kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ stəˈtɪstɪks ˈpɔrtəl statista*, ʃoʊz ðə faɪv ˈkəntriz wɪθ ðə moʊst ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈfridəm ənd ðə faɪv ˈkəntriz wɪθ ðə list ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈfridəm.
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internet freedom around the world has declined for the fourth year in a row, as more countries introduce aggressive online censorship measures, according to a new report.
freedom on the net 2014, the fifth-annual report released by independent watchdog organization freedom house last week, found that of the 65 countries assessed, 36 experienced a negative trajectory in online freedom between may 2013 and may 2014. this was due to factors such as blocked social networks, aggressive online surveillance and cyberattacks, and the intimidation and arrests of journalists and digital activists.
see also: the 20 most socially progressive countries in the world
the report analyzed three main factors in each country: obstacles to internet access, limits on content and violations of user rights.
iran remained the country with the lowest degree of internet freedom, despite hopes of reform when president hassan rouhani took office in august 2013. although the new administration has embraced social media, iranian citizens still don't have access to websites the government finds politically sensitive, such as twitter and facebook.
the report also pointed to iranian authorities sentencing people to "lengthy prison terms for promoting sufism online, among other digital activities." in may 2014, six young iranians were arrested for recording a viral youtube video of them dancing to pharrell's song "happy." they were subsequently given "suspended sentences" of six months in prison (the director was given one year), and 91 lashes.
syria, china, cuba, ethiopia and uzbekistan follow iran in terms of internet freedom.
in contrast, iceland ranked first as the nation with the most internet freedom. the government there doesn't blog social media platforms or content and 97 percent of households are connected to the internet. estonia, canada, australia, germany and the united states made the top five in the index, after iceland.
an extensive study published in november showed that 83% of internet users around the world believe affordable access to the internet should be a basic human right.
the following chart, created by statistics portal statista, shows the five countries with the most internet freedom and the five countries with the least internet freedom.
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ˈoʊvər ðə læst 40 jɪrz, ˈkɔrpərət ˈɪnfluəns ənd ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤi hæv pərˈveɪdɪd ðə tæks koʊd, rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn lɑrʤ tæks breɪks fər ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃənz ənd ðə ˈwɛlθi. ðiz loʊ reɪts hæv feɪld tɪ dɪˈlɪvər ðə ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd groʊθ ðət wɑz ˈprɑməst, ənd ðə rɪˈzəlts fər ðə ˈtɪpɪkəl əˈmɛrɪkən hæv bɪn dɪˈzæstrəs: wɛlθ æt ðə tɔp ˈskaɪˌrɑkətɪd wɪθ noʊ ɪkˈwɪvələnt bum ɪn groʊθ. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ˈmidiən ˈweɪʤɪz hæv rɪˈmeɪnd ˈlɑrʤli ˈstægnənt, ənd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts naʊ ræŋks aʊt əv 13 ˈkəntriz ɪn ˈəpwərd moʊˈbɪlɪti. tɪ kərˈɛkt ɑr ˈkɑrənt trəˈʤɛktəri, əˈmɛrɪkə nidz ə ˈhoʊlˌseɪl rikənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən əv tæks ˌɪnˈsɪnɪvz ənd ðɛr ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ˈvɛriəs ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ækˈtɪvɪtiz. ɪn ðɪs brif beɪst ɔn ˈpriviəsli ˈpəblɪʃt wərk baɪ ˈruzəˌvɛlt ˈɪnstɪˌtut ʧif ɪˈkɑnəmɪst ˈʤoʊzəf i. ˈstɪglɪts, wi prəˈpoʊz ə nu ˈpɛrəˌdaɪm fər ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə tæks ˈsɪstəm: ˈrəðər ðən rɪˈwɔrdɪŋ bæd bɪˈheɪvjər ənd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə tæks ənd ˈtrænsfər ˈsɪstəm tɪ ˈridrɛs pur ˈaʊtˌkəmz ˈæftər ðə fækt, ðə tæks koʊd ʃʊd bi ˈstrəkʧərd tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ pərˈdəktɪv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ækˈtɪvɪtiz ənd ə mɔr ˈɛkwɪtəbəl ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən. ðə tæks koʊd kən bi juzd tɪ əˈʤəst ˌɪnˈsɪnɪvz ənd kərb ˈʃɔrtˈsaɪtɪd, ˈrɪski, ənd ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˌəndɪˈzaɪrəbəl ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk bɪˈheɪvjər. ˈluˌphoʊlz ʃʊd bi kloʊzd, haɪ ˈtæksɪz ʃʊd bi ˈlɛvid ɔn ˈhɑrmfəl ækˈtɪvɪtiz, ənd tæks kəts ənd ˈsəbsɪdiz ʃʊd bi ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn pərˈdəktɪv ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ðət prəˈmoʊts ˌɪnˈklusɪv groʊθ ənd ˈʤɛnərəl ˌwɛlˈbiɪŋ. ɑr prəˈpoʊzəl eɪmz tɪ brɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˌɪnˈklusɪv groʊθ θru tæks rɪˈfɔrm bɪlt əraʊnd ˌprɑgrɛˈsɪvəti ənd ˈpɑzətɪv ˌɪnˈsɪnɪvz.
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over the last 40 years, corporate influence and trickle-down ideology have pervaded the tax code, resulting in large tax breaks for corporations and the wealthy. these low rates have failed to deliver the widespread growth that was promised, and the results for the typical american have been disastrous: wealth at the top skyrocketed with no equivalent boom in growth. at the same time, median wages have remained largely stagnant, and the united states now ranks 10th out of 13 oecd countries in upward mobility. to correct our current trajectory, america needs a wholesale reconsideration of tax incentives and their impact on various economic activities.
in this brief based on previously published work by roosevelt institute chief economist joseph e. stiglitz, we propose a new paradigm for thinking about the tax system: rather than rewarding bad behavior and using the tax and transfer system to redress poor outcomes after the fact, the tax code should be structured to encourage productive economic activities and a more equitable pre-tax distribution. the tax code can be used to adjust incentives and curb shortsighted, risky, and otherwise undesirable economic behavior. loopholes should be closed, high taxes should be levied on harmful activities, and tax cuts and subsidies should be focused on productive investment that promotes inclusive growth and general well-being.
our proposal aims to bring about inclusive growth through tax reform built around progressivity and positive incentives.
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ˈviə ˈnaɪki ɪŋk. lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs ˈklɪpərz stɑrz krɪs pɔl ənd bleɪk ˈgrɪfɪn ər ˈteɪkɪŋ ðɛr ˈtælənts frəm ðə kɔrt tɪ ˈkeɪbəl ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən. boʊθ ˈbæskətˌbɔl pleɪərz hæv dən wərk ɪn frənt əv ðə ˈkæmərə ˌbiˈfɔr. pɔl ɪz ðə stɑr əv ə steɪt fɑrm æd kæmˈpeɪn, waɪl ˈgrɪfɪn həz dən hɪz oʊn fɛr ʃɛr əv kəˈmərʃəlz. ðeɪ hæv ˈivɪn əˈpɪrd ɪn ə fʊt ˈlɑkər æd təˈgɛðər. naʊ, ðə tu lɑb ˈsɪti stɑrz wɪl tim əp fər ðɛr oʊn ʃoʊ. ˈʤɔrdən ˈmənˌdeɪ ðət ˈgrɪfɪn ənd pɔl wɪl stɑr ɪn ɪn hd*. wət ɪgˈzæktli ɪz? ɪt ɪz ˈʤɔrdən brændz skɛʧ kæmˈpeɪn." wɪθ ðɛr ˈkɛmɪstri, ɪt ʃʊd bi wərθ ə wɔʧ. hɪrz ðə ˈtizər fər ðə fərst ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd: fænz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˈwɑʧɪŋ wɪl wɔnt tɪ tun ɪn tɪ ðə ˈædəlt swɪm ˈnɛtˌwərk æt a.m*. ˈloʊkəl taɪm ɔn ɔkt. 24 ə ˈsɛkənd ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd wɪl ɛr æt ðə seɪm taɪm ɔn ɔkt. 31 kwoʊts frəm pɔl ənd ˈgrɪfɪn əˈbaʊt ðə nu ʃoʊ kən bi sin æt nikeinc.com*. [ˈʤɔrdən, ˈspɔrtɪŋ nuz]
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via nike inc.
los angeles clippers stars chris paul and blake griffin are taking their talents from the court to cable television.
both basketball players have done work in front of the camera before. paul is the star of a state farm ad campaign, while griffin has done his own fair share of commercials. they have even appeared in a foot locker ad together.
now, the two lob city stars will team up for their own five-minute show. jordan brand—per nikeinc.com—announced monday that griffin and paul will star in bgcp3tv in hd.
what exactly is bgcp3tv? it is jordan brand's "first-ever sketch comedy-inspired campaign." with their chemistry, it should be worth a watch.
here's the teaser for the first episode:
fans interested in watching bgcp3tv will want to tune in to the adult swim network at 12:12 a.m. local time on oct. 24. a second episode will air at the same time on oct. 31.
quotes from paul and griffin about the new show can be seen at nikeinc.com.
[jordan, h/t sporting news]
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ðə fərst əˈmɛndmənt wɑz ˈrɪtən, ɪn pɑrt, tɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ðə kaɪnd əv əˈfɪʃəl prɛs ðət ˈpɛrəts ˈoʊnli ðə ˈsæŋkʃənd vjuz. bət wɪθ ɪts rɪˈvaɪzd ˈmidiə policies,”*,” gɪts ˈjuˈɛs ˈkloʊzər tɪ ˈhævɪŋ ʤɪst ðət, ən əˈfɪʃəl prɛs. bɪˈkəz ɔl ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪz leɪd aʊt ɪn ðə nu ˈpɑləsi (səm əv wɪʧ ər gʊd, səm əv wɪʧ ər ˈɑbviəsli flɔd) əˈplaɪ ˈoʊnli tɪ əv ðə nuz media.”*.” ðeɪ rɪˈpit ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər, media.”*.” nɑt ʃʊr ðeɪ wəns ˈətər ðə wərd ““journalist”*” ər ““reporter.”*.” ənd əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ dəˈmɛstɪk ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ənd ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz gaɪd, ə hoʊl slu əv ˈʤərnəlɪsts ər nɑt ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðɛr ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv media.”*.” dɪz ˌɪnˈklud ˈɔnˌlaɪn nuz ɪn ɪts ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ˈmidiə 157 media”*” ˌɪnˈkludz ˈpərsənz ənd ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ðət ˈgæðər, rɪˈpɔrt ər ˈpəblɪʃ nuz, ˈwɛðər θru trəˈdɪʃənəl minz (e.g*., ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz, ˈreɪdiˌoʊ, ˈmægəˌzinz, nuz ˈsərvɪs) ər ðə ˈɔnˌlaɪn ər ˈwaɪrlɪs ɪkˈwɪvələnt. ə əv ðə media”*” ɪz ə ˈpərsən hu ˈgæðərz, rɪˈpɔrts, ər ˈpəblɪʃɪz nuz θru ðə nuz ˈmidiə. bət ðɛn ɪt goʊz ɔn tɪ ɪkˈsklud ˈblɔgərz frəm ðoʊz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə tərm media.”*.” ðə ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən dɪz nɑt, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˌɪnˈklud ə ˈpərsən ər ˈɛntɪti hu poʊsts ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ər əˈpɪnjən ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɪn blɔgz, ʧæt rumz ər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ saɪts, səʧ ɛz ˈjuˌtub, ˈfeɪsˌbʊk, ər ˈmaɪˌspeɪs, ənˈlɛs ðət ˈpərsən ər ˈɛntɪti fɔlz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˈmidiə ər ə nuz ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ˈəndər ðə ˈəðər prəˈvɪʒənz wɪˈθɪn ðɪs ˈsɛkʃən (e.g*., ə ˈnæʃənəl nuz rɪˈpɔrtər hu poʊsts ɔn ˈpərsɪnəl blɔg). ðɛn ɪt goʊz ˈɔntu leɪ aʊt wət aɪ wɪl kɔl ðə exception.”*.” ɛz ðə tərm ɪz juzd ɪn ðə, media”*” ɪz nɑt ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ˈpərsənz ənd ˈɛntɪtiz ðət ˈsɪmpli meɪk ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈveɪləbəl. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ɪt ɪz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ əˈplaɪ tɪ ə ˈpərsən ər ˈɛntɪti ðət ˈgæðərz ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əv pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst tɪ ə ˌsɛgˈmɛnt əv ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈpəblɪk, ˈjuzɪz ˌɛdəˈtɔriəl skɪlz tɪ tərn rɑ məˈtɪriəlz ˈɪntu ə dɪˈstɪŋkt wərk, ənd dɪˈstrɪbjuts ðət wərk tɪ ən ˈɔdiəns, ɛz ə ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm prəˈfɛʃənəl. ðə ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən dɪz wɔrn ðət ɪf ðɛr ɪz ˈɛni daʊt, ðə ˈpərsən ʃʊd bi ˈtritɪd ɛz ˈmidiə. ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, ðə ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən simz tɪ ɪkˈsklud ə hoʊl bənʧ əv ˈpipəl (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ, ˈprɑbəˌbli, mi), hu ər ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm. ðə ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən əv ɔl ðiz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ðə media”*” ɪz moʊst ˈɑbviəs wɪn ɪt trits ðə ˈpraɪvəsi prəˈtɛkʃən ækt wɪʧ ʃʊd hæv prɪˈvɛnɪd frəm ˈtritɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈroʊzən ɛz ə ˈsəˌspɛkt. ðeɪ seɪ, ðə ˈpraɪvəsi prəˈtɛkʃən ækt əv 1980 (ppa*), 42 u.s.c*. 2000aa*, ˈʤɛnərəli proʊˈhɪbəts ðə sərʧ ər ˈsiʒər əv wərk ˈprɑdəkt ənd ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri məˈtɪriəlz hɛld baɪ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz hu hæv ə ˈpərpəs tɪ dɪˈsɛməˌneɪt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk. ðə, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, kənˈteɪnz ə ˈnəmbər əv ɪkˈsɛpʃənz tɪ ɪts ˈʤɛnərəl ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə exception”*” wɪʧ əˈplaɪz wɪn ðɛr ɪz kɔz tɪ bɪˈliv ðət ðə ˈpərsən pəˈzɛsɪŋ səʧ məˈtɪriəlz həz kəˈmɪtɪd ər ɪz kəˈmɪtɪŋ ə ˈkrɪmənəl əˈfɛns tɪ wɪʧ ðə məˈtɪriəlz relate,”*,” ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ““receipt*, pəˈzɛʃən, ər kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl dɪˈfɛns, ˈklæsəˌfaɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ər riˈstrɪktɪd ˈdætə ɪˈnumərˌeɪtɪd prəˈvɪʒənz. si 42 u.s.c*. ənd ˈəndər ˈkɑrənt dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈpɑləsi, ə ˈdɛpjəti əˈsɪstənt əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl meɪ ˈɔθərˌaɪz ən ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən fər ə sərʧ ˈwɔrənt ðət ɪz ˈkəvərd baɪ ðə, ənd noʊ haɪər ˈlɛvəl rəvˈjuz ər əˈpruvəlz ər rikˈwaɪərd. fərst, ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt wɪl ˈmɑdəˌfaɪ ɪts ˈpɑləsi kənˈsərnɪŋ sərʧ ˈwɔrənts ˈkəvərd baɪ ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə nuz ˈmidiə tɪ prəˈvaɪd ðət wərk ˈprɑdəkt məˈtɪriəlz ənd ˈəðər ˈdɑkjəmənts meɪ bi sɔt ˈəndər ðə exception”*” əv ðə ˈoʊnli wɪn ðə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə nuz ˈmidiə ɪz ðə ˈfoʊkɪs əv ə ˈkrɪmənəl ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən fər ˈkɑndəkt nɑt kəˈnɛktɪd tɪ ˈɔrdəˌnɛri ækˈtɪvɪtiz. ˈəndər ðə rəvˈjuz ˈpɑləsi, ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt wʊd nɑt sik sərʧ ˈwɔrənts ˈəndər ðə ˈsəˌspɛkt ɪkˈsɛpʃən ɪf ðə soʊl ˈpərpəs ɪz ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən əv ə ˈpərsən ˈəðər ðən ðə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə nuz ˈmidiə. ˈsɛkənd, ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt wʊd rɪˈvaɪz ˈkɑrənt ˈpɑləsi tɪ ˈɛləˌveɪt ðə ˈkɑrənt əˈpruvəl rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ənd ˌrikˈwaɪər ðə əˈpruvəl əv ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl fər ɔl sərʧ ˈwɔrənts ənd kɔrt ˈɔrdərz ˈɪʃud pərˈsuənt tɪ 18 u.s.c*. 2703(d*) dɪˈrɛktɪd æt ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə nuz ˈmidiə. [maɪ ˈɛmfəsɪs] ðə, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, əˈplaɪz tɪ ɔl ˈpərsənz bɪˈlivd tɪ hæv ə ˈpərpəs tɪ dɪˈsɛməˌneɪt tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk ə ˈnuzˌpeɪpər, bʊk, ˈbrɔdˌkæst, ər ˈəðər ˈsɪmələr fɔrm əv ˈpəblɪk communication.”*.” ˌnɑtwɪθˈstændɪŋ ˈɛni ˈəðər lɔ, ɪt ʃæl bi ənˈlɔfəl fər ə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈɔfɪsər ər ɪmˈplɔɪi, ɪn kəˈnɛkʃən wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ər ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən əv ə ˈkrɪmənəl əˈfɛns, tɪ sərʧ fər ər siz ˈɛni wərk ˈprɑdəkt məˈtɪriəlz pəˈzɛst baɪ ə ˈpərsən ˈrizənəbli bɪˈlivd tɪ hæv ə ˈpərpəs tɪ dɪˈsɛməˌneɪt tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk ə ˈnuzˌpeɪpər, bʊk, ˈbrɔdˌkæst, ər ˈəðər ˈsɪmələr fɔrm əv ˈpəblɪk kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən, ɪn ər əˈfɛktɪŋ ˌɪntərˈsteɪt ər ˈfɔrən ˈkɑmərs; ˈklɪrli ˈkəvərd baɪ ðə. bət ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ kʊd ˈizəli ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ ɪkˈsklud mi frəm ðɪs media”*” prəˈtɛkʃən soʊ ɛz tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ snup ˈɪntu maɪ wərk ˈprɑdəkt. kənˌgræʧəˈleɪʃənz tɪ ðə əv ðə nuz media”*” hu hæv bɪn dimd ðə əˈfɪʃəl prɛs. aɪ hoʊp ju juz jʊr ˈprɪvɪˌlɪʤɪz ˈwaɪzli. ˈəpˌdeɪt: ˈlərnɪd ðət ðə ˈɪʃu əv hum ðɪs əˈplaɪd tɪ dɪd kəm əp ɪn ˈbækˌgraʊnd ˈmitɪŋz æt; ɪn fækt, reɪzd ðə ˈɪʃu. ðə ˈprɑbləm ɪz, ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈsɪstəm ðət kʊd dɪˈfaɪn hu gɪts ðɪs prəˈtɛkʃən ənd wɔnt tɪ leɪ ɪt aʊt (ənd moʊst əv ðə ˈpipəl ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd hæv ˈnɛvər bɪn ˈɛniˌθɪŋ bət ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə nuz ˈmidiə, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt hɑrd fər ðɛm tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd haʊ tɪ ˌdɪfərˈɛnʧiˌeɪt ə ˈʤərnəlɪst). ˈəltəmətli, aɪ θɪŋk ɪz soʊ ˈæŋʃəs fər ˈkɑŋgrəs tɪ pæs ə ʃild lɔ (wɪʧ ðeɪ seɪ ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɪn ðɛr rɪˈpɔrt) bɪˈkəz min ˈkɑŋgrəs wɪl du ðə ˈdərti wərk əv dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ hu ɪz ənd hu ɪz nɑt ə ˈʤərnəlɪst.
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the first amendment was written, in part, to eliminate the kind of official press that parrots only the king’s sanctioned views. but with its revised “news media policies,” doj gets us closer to having just that, an official press.
that’s because all the changes laid out in the new policy (some of which are good, some of which are obviously flawed) apply only to “members of the news media.” they repeat over and over and over and over, “news media.” i’m not sure they once utter the word “journalist” or “reporter.” and according to doj’s domestic investigation and operations guide, a whole slew of journalists are not included in their definition of “news media.”
diog does include online news in its definition of media (pdf 157). “news media” includes persons and organizations that gather, report or publish news, whether through traditional means (e.g., newspapers, radio, magazines, news service) or the on-line or wireless equivalent. a “member of the media” is a person who gathers, reports, or publishes news through the news media. but then it goes on to exclude bloggers from those included in the term “news media.” the definition does not, however, include a person or entity who posts information or opinion on the internet in blogs, chat rooms or social networking sites, such as youtube, facebook, or myspace, unless that person or entity falls within the definition of a member of the media or a news organization under the other provisions within this section (e.g., a national news reporter who posts on his/her personal blog). then it goes onto lay out what i will call the “wikileaks exception.” as the term is used in the diog, “news media” is not intended to include persons and entities that simply make information available. instead, it is intended to apply to a person or entity that gathers information of potential interest to a segment of the general public, uses editorial skills to turn raw materials into a distinct work, and distributes that work to an audience, as a journalism professional. the definition does warn that if there is any doubt, the person should be treated as media. nevertheless, the definition seems to exclude a whole bunch of people (including, probably, me), who are engaged in journalism.
the limitation of all these changes to the “news media” is most obvious when it treats the privacy protection act — which should have prevented doj from treating james rosen as a suspect. they say,
the privacy protection act of 1980 (ppa), 42 u.s.c. § 2000aa, generally prohibits the search or seizure of work product and documentary materials held by individuals who have a purpose to disseminate information to the public. the ppa, however, contains a number of exceptions to its general prohibition, including the “suspect exception” which applies when there is “probable cause to believe that the person possessing such materials has committed or is committing a criminal offense to which the materials relate,” including the “receipt, possession, or communication of information relating to the national defense, classified information, or restricted data “under enumerated provisions. see 42 u.s.c. §§ 2000aa(a)(1) and (b)(1). under current department policy, a deputy assistant attorney general may authorize an application for a search warrant that is covered by the ppa, and no higher level reviews or approvals are required. first, the department will modify its policy concerning search warrants covered by the ppa involving members of the news media to provide that work product materials and other documents may be sought under the “suspect exception” of the ppa only when the member of the news media is the focus of a criminal investigation for conduct not connected to ordinary newsgathering activities. under the reviews policy, the department would not seek search warrants under the ppa’s suspect exception if the sole purpose is the investigation of a person other than the member of the news media. second, the department would revise current policy to elevate the current approval requirements and require the approval of the attorney general for all search warrants and court orders issued pursuant to 18 u.s.c. § 2703(d) directed at members of the news media. [my emphasis]
the ppa, however, applies to all persons “reasonably believed to have a purpose to disseminate to the public a newspaper, book, broadcast, or other similar form of public communication.”
notwithstanding any other law, it shall be unlawful for a government officer or employee, in connection with the investigation or prosecution of a criminal offense, to search for or seize any work product materials possessed by a person reasonably believed to have a purpose to disseminate to the public a newspaper, book, broadcast, or other similar form of public communication, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce;
i’m clearly covered by the ppa. but the fbi could easily decide to exclude me from this “news media” protection so as to be able to snoop into my work product.
congratulations to the “members of the news media” who have been deemed the president’s official press. i hope you use your privileges wisely.
update: i’ve learned that the issue of whom this applied to did come up in background meetings at doj; in fact, doj raised the issue. the problem is, there is no credentialing system that could define who gets this protection and doj didn’t want to lay it out (and most of the people invited have never been anything but a member of the news media, making it hard for them to understand how to differentiate a journalist).
ultimately, i think doj is so anxious for congress to pass a shield law (which they say elsewhere in their report) because it’ll mean congress will do the dirty work of defining who is and who is not a journalist.
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jɛs, bɪˈliv ɪt ər nɑt, ɪt kən bi dən wɪˈθaʊt ə ər ˈəðər ˈʧitɪŋ dɪˈvaɪs. hɪrz wət jul nid tɪ du: riˈstɑrt jʊr geɪm ənd pleɪ ənˈtɪl ju gɪt flaɪ frəm ðə haʊs wɛst əv ˈsɛləˌdɑn ˈsɪti. du nɑt faɪt ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈtreɪnərz: ðə ˈjəŋstər wɪθ ə sˈloʊˌpoʊk (ˈlɛvəl 17 ɔn ðə roʊd tɪ bɪlz haʊs (rut 25 hi ɪz ðə fɔrθ ˈtreɪnər ˈæftər ju krɔs ˈnəgɪt brɪʤ, ˈstændɪŋ dɪˈrɛkli əˈbəv ə ˈfiˌmeɪl ˈtreɪnər ənd ˈfeɪsɪŋ nɔrθ. ðə ˈgæmblər wɪθ tu ənd ə (ɔl ˈlɛvəl 22 bɪtˈwin ˈlævəndər taʊn ənd ˈsæfrən ˈsɪti (rut 8 hi ɪz ˈstændɪŋ ʤɪst ist əv ðə ˈɛntrəns tɪ ˈsæfrən ˈsɪti, ˈfeɪsɪŋ nɔrθ təˈwɔrd ðə dɔr əv ðə ˈəndərˌgraʊnd pæθ. ˈkɛrfəli ˈfɑloʊ ðə ˈsɪriz əv stɛps ˈɪləˌstreɪtɪd bɪˈloʊ. meɪk ʃʊr ju hæv ə ðət noʊz flaɪ. ɔn rut 8 stænd ɪn frənt əv ðə dɔr əv ðə ˈəndərˌgraʊnd pæθ. seɪv jʊr geɪm, sɪns ˈseɪvɪŋ ˈæftər ðɪs pɔɪnt wɪl dɪsˈrəpt ðə prəˈsiʤər. wɔk daʊn wən stɛp ənd ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli prɛs stɑrt. ɪf ju səkˈsid, ðə ˈmɛnju wɪl pɑp əp ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈgæmblər "siz" ju. goʊ tɪ ðə lɪst ənd flaɪ tɪ ˈsɪti. ðə ˈgæmblər wɪl si ju ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ju flaɪ əˈweɪ. jʊr stɑrt ˈbətən wɪl noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ˈfəŋkʃən. goʊ nɔrθ əˈkrɔs ˈnəgɪt brɪʤ ənd hɛd ist ənˈtɪl ju faɪnd ðə ˈtreɪnər ɪn ðɪs ˈpɪkʧər (hiz ðə ˈjəŋstər dɪˈskraɪbd əˈbəv). ɪf ju wɔk raɪt əp tɪ ðə ˈjəŋstər, ðə geɪm wɪl lɑk əp, soʊ jul hæv tɪ lɛt ɪm si ju ənd wɔk əp tɪ ju. dɪˈfit hɪz sˈloʊˌpoʊk (ˈæftərwərdz, jʊr stɑrt ˈbətən wɪl wərk əˈgɛn), ðɛn flaɪ tɪ ˈlævəndər taʊn. hɛd wɛst ˈɪntu rut 8 ɛz sun ɛz ju ˈɛnər ðə ˈnɛroʊ pæθ, ðə ˈmɛnju wɪl pɑp əp baɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf. prɛs bi tɪ ˈɛksət... ...ənd lʊk hu ɪt ɪz! mju wɪl bi æt ˈlɛvəl 7 ənd ɪts ˈoʊnli əˈtæk wɪl bi paʊnd. pokéball*, goʊ! wəns juv kɔt mju, ju kən seɪv jʊr geɪm wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni ill-effects*. ðɛr ər tu ɔlˈtərnətɪv weɪz tɪ ˈɛnər rut 8 ənd ˈtrɪgər mju ˈæftər ˈbitɪŋ ðə ˈjəŋstər. ɪf ju hæv ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈsæfrən ˈsɪti, ju kən flaɪ ðɛr ənd goʊ θru ðə ˈistərn ˈsɪti geɪt. ˈɔlsoʊ, ju kən flaɪ tɪ ˈsɛləˌdɑn ˈsɪti, hɛd ist tɪ rut 7 ˈɛnər ðə ˈəndərˌgraʊnd pæθ, ənd ˈimərʤ bæk ɪn frənt əv ðə ˈgæmblər. ˈfaɪnəli, ðə rut 8 ˈgæmblər ˈɪzənt ðə ˈoʊnli ˈtreɪnər ðət kən ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪt ðə trɪk. ðə ˈsupər nərd ʤɪst wɛst əv ɪm kən ˈɔlsoʊ du ɪt, ɛz kən ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈfɪʃərˌmæn ju mit wɪn ˈhɛdɪŋ saʊθ frəm ˈlævəndər ɔn rut 12 ðɛr ər ˈnumərəs ˈəðərz; ˈbeɪsɪkli, ˈɛni ˈtreɪnər hu ɪz ˈɔntu ðə skrin baɪ ðə seɪm stɛp ðət pʊts ju ɪn ðɛr ˈvɪʒən reɪnʤ wɪl wərk. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, rɪˈmɛmbər ðət ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈbætəl wɪθ mju wɪl ˈoʊnli bi ˈtrɪgərd baɪ rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ ˌwəˈtɛvər rut ðət ˈtreɪnər ɪz ɪn, wɪʧ ɪz nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli rut 8 θæŋks tɪ frəm ðə ˈmɛsɪʤ bɔrdz fər ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn haʊ tɪ du ðɪs. ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ gɪt dɪˈteɪld ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn haʊ ðɪs trɪk wərks, ɛz wɛl ɛz haʊ ɪt kən bi juzd tɪ kæʧ ˈɛni ɪn ðə geɪm. dɪˈskəs ðɪs trɪk ɔn ðə ˈmɛsɪʤ bɔrd. ju kən ˈdaʊnˌloʊd seɪv faɪlz frəm ðə stɑrt əv ðɪs prəˈsiʤər tɪ juz ɔn ə hir. ˈvɪzɪtərz sɪns ˈeɪprəl 24 2003
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yes, believe it or not, it can be done without a gameshark or other cheating device. here's what you'll need to do:
restart your game and play until you get hm02 fly from the house west of celadon city.
do not fight the following trainers:
the youngster with a slowpoke (level 17) on the road to bill's house (route 25). he is the fourth trainer after you cross nugget bridge, standing directly above a female trainer and facing north.
the gambler with two poliwags and a poliwhirl (all level 22) between lavender town and saffron city (route 8). he is standing just east of the entrance to saffron city, facing north toward the door of the underground path.
carefully follow the series of steps illustrated below.
make sure you have a pokémon that knows fly. on route 8, stand in front of the door of the underground path. save your game, since saving after this point will disrupt the procedure. walk down one step and immediately press start. if you succeed, the menu will pop up before the gambler "sees" you. go to the pokémon list and fly to cerulean city. the gambler will see you just before you fly away. your start button will no longer function. go north across nugget bridge and head east until you find the trainer in this picture (he's the youngster described above). if you walk right up to the youngster, the game will lock up, so you'll have to let him see you and walk up to you. defeat his slowpoke (afterwards, your start button will work again), then fly to lavender town. head west into route 8. as soon as you enter the narrow path, the menu will pop up by itself. press b to exit... ...and look who it is! mew will be at level 7 and its only attack will be pound. pokéball, go!
once you've caught mew, you can save your game without any ill-effects.
there are two alternative ways to enter route 8 and trigger mew after beating the youngster. if you have access to saffron city, you can fly there and go through the eastern city gate. also, you can fly to celadon city, head east to route 7, enter the underground path, and emerge back in front of the gambler.
finally, the route 8 gambler isn't the only trainer that can initiate the trick. the super nerd just west of him can also do it, as can the second fisherman you meet when heading south from lavender on route 12. there are numerous others; basically, any trainer who is scrolled onto the screen by the same step that puts you in their vision range will work. however, remember that the final battle with mew will only be triggered by returning to whatever route that trainer is in, which is not necessarily route 8.
thanks to thescythe from the gamefaqs message boards for the information on how to do this.
you can also get detailed information on how this trick works, as well as how it can be used to catch any pokémon in the game.
discuss this trick on the message bored.
you can download save files from the start of this procedure to use on a gameboy emulator here.
visitors since april 24, 2003
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bət ðoʊz hu trəst ɪn ðə lɔrd wɪl rɪˈnu ðɛr strɛŋθ. ðeɪ wɪl sɔr ɔn wɪŋz laɪk ˈigəlz; ðeɪ wɪl rən ənd nɑt groʊ ˈwɪri, ðeɪ wɪl wɔk ənd nɑt bi feɪnt. ˌaɪˈzeɪə ðiz wərdz ənd ðə θri ˈvərsɪz ðət prɪˈsid ðɛm ər ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ laɪnz əv ˈhækˌsɔ rɪʤ, ðə wɔr ðət ɪz mɛl fərst dɪrɛkˈtɔriəl ˈɛfərt ɪn 10 jɪrz (wɪʧ hi həz ˈmoʊstli spɛnt ɪn jail”*” fər ˈrizənz wɛl ˈdɑkjəˌmɛnəd ðət wi wɪl nɑt bi dɪˈskəsɪŋ hir) ənd hɪz ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr brænd əv ˌɪnˈsænɪti həz bɪn ˈsɔrli mɪst. ðə ʧɔɪs tɪ ˈoʊpən wɪθ ðə stɑr ˈændru ˈgɑrˌfild ˈrɛdɪŋ laɪnz əv ˈskrɪpʧər ˈoʊvər ə ˈsikwəns əv ˈbætəlˌfild ˈkɑrnɪʤ ɪz nɑt ə ˈsətəl wən, bət ðə truθ ɪz ðət noʊ wən həz ˈɛvər əˈkjuzd ˈgɪbsən əv biɪŋ ˈsətəl. ɪt dɪz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈgreɪtli ˌɪnˈfɔrm ðə fɪlm ðət ˈfɑloʊz. ˈhækˌsɔ rɪʤ tɛlz ðə tru ˈstɔri əv kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər rɪˈsɪpiənt ˈkɔrpərəl ˈdɛzmənd dɔs, ə ˌkɑnʃiˈɛnʃəs əˈbʤɛktər hu ˌɛnˈlɪstɪd ɪn ðə ˈɑrmi ˈdʊrɪŋ ənd sərvd wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛvər wəns ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ə ʃɑt. ˈsaɪtɪŋ ˌɪnˈtɛns rɪˈlɪʤəs bɪˈlif ənd ˈpərsɪnəl kənˈvɪkʃən, dɔs rɪfˈjuzd tɪ ˈkɛri ə ˈraɪfəl ˈɪntu ˈbætəl, ˈfilɪŋ ðət tɪ du soʊ ənd teɪk ə ˈjumən laɪf wʊd bi ə vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv ðoʊz bɪˈlifs. ˌɪnˈstɛd dɔs sərvd ɛz ən ˈɑrmi ˈmɛdɪk wɛr hi dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt hɪmˈsɛlf ənd seɪvd ðə lɪvz əv 75 əv hɪz ˈfɛloʊ ˈsoʊlʤərz hu wər lɛft ˈwundɪd ɔn ðə fild əv ˈbætəl ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ən əˈmɛrɪkən riˈtrit ɪn ðə ˈbætəl əv ˌoʊˌkɪˈnɑwə. ðə fɪlm træks hɪz ˈstɔri frəm hɪz ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd ɪn ˈlɪnʧbərg, vərˈʤɪnjə θru tɪ hɪz hɪˈroʊɪks ɪn ðə ˈbætəl əv ˌoʊˌkɪˈnɑwə. ɛz aɪ sɛd ˌbiˈfɔr, ðɪs fɪlm ɪz nɑt ˈsətəl. aɪ hæv ˈpriviəsli rɪˈfərd tɪ ˈgɪbsən ðə dɪˈrɛktər ɛz spielberg”*” bɪˈkəz waɪl ˈspilbərg ˈɔfən draʊnz hɪz ˈɔdiəns ɪn ˈiˌmoʊʃən ənd ˌsɛnəmɛnˈtælɪti, ˈgɪbsən prɪˈfərz tɪ rɪˈpitɪdli bæʃ ðɛm ˈoʊvər ðə hɛd wɪθ ɪt ənˈtɪl hi əˈʧivz hɪz dɪˈzaɪərd rɪˈzəlt. waɪl ðɪs meɪ saʊnd laɪk ən ˌɪnˈsəlt, ɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli ɪz nɑt fər ðə moʊst pɑrt. ʤɪst ɛz ˈspilbərg ɪz ə ˈmæstər əv hɪz kræft, ˈgɪbsən tu ɪz ˌəndɪˈnaɪəbli wən əv ðə moʊst ˈgɪftɪd ˈfɪlˌmeɪkərz wi hæv wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˌɪmˈpɑrtɪŋ ˈiˌmoʊʃən ənd ˈgrævətəs ˈɪntu ə ˈmoʊmənt. ðɛr ɪz wən ki ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ˈspilbərg ənd ˈgɪbsən, ðoʊ. ˈspilbərg, waɪl ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈgɪftɪd wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈʃutɪŋ ˈækʃən ənd ˈvaɪələns, dɪz nɑt ˈtɪpɪkəli juz ɪt ɛz wən əv hɪz ˈpraɪˌmɛri tulz. ˈgɪbsən, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˌæbsəˈlutli ləvz ɪt. wɔʧ ˈɛni mɛl ˈgɪbsən dɪrɛkˈtɔriəl ˈɛfərt ənd ju wɪl kˈwɪkli ˈnoʊtɪs ðət nɑt ˈoʊnli dɪz ðə mæn hæv ə gɪft fər ˈʃutɪŋ ˈvaɪələns ənd gɔr, hi ˌæbsəˈlutli ˈrɛvəlz ɪn ˈʃutɪŋ ɪt. ɪt ɪz, tɪ pʊt ɪt kwaɪt ˈsɪmpli, hɪz θɪŋ. wɪn ju wɔk ˈɪntu ə mɛl ˈgɪbsən fɪlm, ju ʃʊd ɪkˈspɛkt tu θɪŋz: 1 ɪt wɪl steɪt θimz ˈoʊpənli, boʊθ ˈərli ənd ˈɔfən, ənd 2 ɪt wɪl æt səm pɔɪnt kənˈteɪn ˈsikwənsɪz əv səm əv ðə moʊst ənd dɪˈstərbɪŋ ˈvaɪələns ðət ju hæv ˈɛvər ˈwɪtnəst. ˈhækˌsɔ rɪʤ teɪks boʊθ əv ðiz tɪ ðə ɪkˈstrim. ðə skrɪpt fər ˈhækˌsɔ rɪʤ ɪz, tɪ pʊt ɪt ˈnaɪsli, lɛs ðən əˈmeɪzɪŋ. ðə ˈdaɪəˌlɔg ˈɔfən filz fɔrst ənd ruˈtinli vɪrz ˈɪntu ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈʧizi cliché*é. ˈmɛni əv ðə laɪnz ˈətərd baɪ ˈvɛriəs ˈkɛrɪktərz fil laɪk pur fərst dræfts əv ˈfeɪməs laɪnz frəm ˈəðər wɔr fɪlmz. ˈsətəlti ɪz ˈnoʊˌwɛr tɪ bi faʊnd æt ˈɛni pɔɪnt ɪn ðə prəˈsidɪŋz ənd ðə kæst ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈsəmˌtaɪmz lʊk ənˈkəmfərtəbəl dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ ðə laɪnz. fər ˌwəˈtɛvər ˈrizən, ðə skrɪpt ɪz səbˈstændərd. fər ə ˈlɛsər dɪˈrɛktər, ðət wʊd bi ə dɛθ ˈsɛntəns, bət nɑt fər mɛl ˈgɪbsən. ˈgɪbsən, θru ðə juz əv ˈmuvi ˈmæʤɪk, maɪnz ˈɛvəri læst skræp əv ˈgrævətəs hi kən aʊt əv laɪn ˈæftər krɪnʤ ˌɪnˈdusɪŋ laɪn. hi kənˈsɪstəntli pʊlz aʊt ˈɛvəri stɑp tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət sɛd pur skrɪpt æt noʊ pɔɪnt dɪˈreɪlz ər ˌəndərˈmaɪnz ðə ˈstɔri hi ɪz ˈtɛlɪŋ. ðɪs kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ geɪm, ɪf ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt pərˈfɔrmənsɪz baɪ ðə lidz ˈɛləˌveɪts ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ aʊər əv ðə fɪlm wɪʧ ˈfoʊkɪsɪz ɔn ðə ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd əv ˈdɛzmənd dɔs, hɪz ˈmitɪŋ ənd ˈkɔrtɪŋ əv hɪz waɪf ˈdɔrθi (pleɪd ˈbrɪljəntli baɪ tərˈisə ˈpɑmər), ənd hɪz faɪt tɪ bi əˈlaʊd tɪ rən ˈɪntu faɪər wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈwɛpən baɪ hɪz saɪd. ɛz ɔl əv ðiz plɑt pɔɪnts əˈkər praɪər tɪ ðə ˈkɑmbæt sinz ðət ər brɛd ənd ˈbətər, ðeɪ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ə ˈpɔrʃən əv ðə ˈstɔri wɛr ðə pur skrɪpt kʊd hæv ˈizəli səŋk ðə fɪlm. ˈləkəli, dɪˈrɛkʃɪn əv ðə kwaɪt ˈmoʊmənts ˈraɪzɪz tɪ ðə əˈkeɪʒən ənd ˈmænɪʤɪz tɪ kip ðə fɪlm əˈfloʊt ənˈtɪl wi riʧ ðə wɔr. ðə ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd sinz ər ˌɪnˈfɔrmətɪv ənd ðə ˈroʊmæns ɪz səˈpraɪzɪŋli ɛnˈdirɪŋ ənd ˈhɑrtˌfɛlt. ɪt ɪz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, doss’*’ faɪt tɪ sərv hɪz ˈkəntri waɪl rɪˈfreɪnɪŋ frəm ˈkɛriɪŋ ə ˈwɛpən ðət ˈgɪbsən spɛnz ðə bəlk əv hɪz ˈɛnərʤi ˈdræməˌtaɪzɪŋ ɪn ðə fərst hæf əv ðə fɪlm. wi ər ˈtritɪd tɪ ˈmoʊmənt ˈæftər ˈmoʊmənt ɪn wɪʧ dɔs rɪˈpitɪdli ˈfeɪsɪz ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ hɪz ˈstɛdˌfæst rɪfˈjuzəl tɪ faɪər ər ˈkɛri ə gən. wi si ɪm mɑkt, ˈbitən, ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli pʊt ɔn traɪəl fər rɪfˈjuzɪŋ tɪ ˈfɑloʊ hɪz suˈpɪriər ˈɔrdərz tɪ pɪk əp ə gən ənd waɪl æt taɪmz ɪt ɪz ˌoʊvərˈrɔt, ɪt ɪz ənˈdaʊtɪdli ˈifɛktɪv ɪn ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ðə steɪks ənd ˌɪntərˈpərsənəl daɪˈnæmɪks ðət ˈgɪbsən wɪl pleɪ wɪθ ɪn ðə bæk hæf əv ðə fɪlm. waɪl ðə fərst hæf əv ðə fɪlm rikˈwaɪərz ə hərˈkjuliən ˈɛfərt baɪ ˈgɪbsən tɪ kip ɪt əˈfloʊt, ɪt ɪz ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd hæf ðət hi ˈtruli kəts lus ənd ʃoʊz ɔf ðə skɪlz ðət meɪk ɪm səʧ ə ˈsɪŋgjələr ˈfɪlˌmeɪkər. ðə ˈbætəl əv ˌoʊˌkɪˈnɑwə ɛz dɪˈpɪktɪd ɪn ðə fɪlm ɪz ə ˈvɛrɪtəbəl hellscape*. ɪt bɪˈgɪnz wɪθ ən ɑrˈtɪləri bərɑʒ frəm ðə si ðət ˈθəndərd wɪθ səʧ fɔrs ðət ˈfɛrli ˈsərtən ɪt blu aʊt wən əv ðə ˈspikərz ɪn ðə ˈθieɪtər aɪ wɑz ɪn. ɛz doss’*’ ˈɪnfəntri ˈrɛʤəmənt muvz ɪn tɪ əˈtɛmpt tɪ teɪk ðə ˈbætəlˌfild frəm wɪʧ ðə fɪlm drɔz ɪts neɪm, ðeɪ məst wɔk pæst ðə ʧɑrd ənd mˈjutəˌleɪtɪd ˈkɔrpsɪz əv ðɛr ˈfɛloʊ ˈsoʊlʤərz. ˈɛntrəlz ənd lɪmz ər strun θruaʊt ðə fild. ðə fərst ʃɑt əv ðə ˈbætəl rɪps θru ðə feɪs əv wən əv doss’*’ ˈfɛloʊ ˈsoʊlʤərz wɪˈθaʊt ˈwɔrnɪŋ ənd ˈsədənli ðə ˈnaɪtˌmɛr həz ˈbeɪgən. ðə saɪts ənd saʊnz əv ðə ˈbætəl ˌoʊvərˈwɛlm ðə sɛns. aɪ fil ˈvɛri seɪf ɪn prɪˈdɪktɪŋ ðət ə bɛst saʊnd ˈmɪksɪŋ ˈɔskər ɪz ɔl bət ɪn ðə bæg fər ðɪs fɪlm, ɛz ðə kæˈkɑfəni ðət ˌɪˈrəptɪd frəm ðə ˈspikərz wɑz ənˈlaɪk ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət aɪ hæd ˈɛvər ɪkˈspɪriənst. maɪ sit ʃʊk ənd maɪ ɪrz ræŋ ɛz ɪkˈsploʊʒənz ənd ˈgənˌʃɑts ræŋ aʊt ɛz ðə ˈbætəlˌfild dɪˈsɛndɪd ˈsədənli ənd ˈʃɑrpli ˈɪntu ˈətər keɪɑs. ðɪs kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ðə ˈətər ˈkɑrnɪʤ ˌɑnˈskrin rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ə ˈvɪsərəl ɪkˈspɪriəns ðət aɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən wɑz ənˈlaɪk ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət həz bɪn ˈwɪtnəst ɪn ə ˈθieɪtər sɪns ˈseɪvɪŋ ˈpraɪvət raɪən meɪd ɪts ˌɪˈnɪʃəl θiˈætrɪkəl rən. ɪt ɪz ˌhaʊˈɛvər nɑt ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈbætəl ðət tərnz aʊt tɪ bi ðə ˈfaɪnəst ˈmoʊmənt ˌhaʊˈɛvər, fər ðət ɪz rɪˈzərvd fər wət ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈfɑloʊz. ðət ɪz ðə ˈsikwəns ɪn wɪʧ dɔs rənz əˈloʊn θru ə reɪn əv ɑrˈtɪləri faɪər tɪ seɪv ˈsoʊlʤər ˈæftər ˈsoʊlʤər, iʧ taɪm preɪɪŋ gɑd, lɛt mi seɪv wən more”*”. ɪt ɪz ðɛn ðət ðə sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns əv ðə laɪn əv ˈskrɪpʧər kˈwoʊtɪd æt ðə ˈaʊtˌsɛt bɪˈkəmz klɪr. iʧ taɪm ˈæftər loʊərɪŋ jɛt əˈnəðər wən əv hɪz ˈfɛloʊ ˈsoʊlʤərz tɪ ˈseɪfti, wi ˈwɪtnəs dɔs kɔl əˈpɑn hɪz ˈseɪvjər fər strɛŋθ soʊ ðət hi maɪt seɪv jɛt əˈnəðər laɪf. ɛz aɪ sɛd ˌbiˈfɔr, ɪt ˈsətəl, bət ɪt ɪz ˈdɛfənətli ˈifɛktɪv ɛz ɪt ɪz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈmuvɪŋ ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli rɑ ˈmoʊmənts aɪ hæv sin ɔn fɪlm ɪn kwaɪt səm taɪm. aɪ wʊd bi riˈmɪs ɪf aɪ kæpt ɔf ðɪs ˌrivˈju wɪˈθaʊt ækˈnɑlɪʤɪŋ səm əv ðə ˈbrɪljənt wərk dən baɪ ˈvɛriəs ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə kru əv ˈhækˌsɔ rɪʤ. ˌsɪnɪməˈtɑgrəfər ˈsaɪmən ˈdəgən dɪz ə ˈbrɪljənt ʤɑb ˈfreɪmɪŋ ənd dɪˈpɪktɪŋ ðə keɪɑs əv ðə ˈbætəlˌfild, ˈivɪn ɪf ðə ɔˈkeɪʒənəl ʃɑt dɪd liv mi ˈskræʧɪŋ maɪ hɛd. ʤɑn ˈɛdɪtɪŋ ɪz ʃɑrp ənd ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈmænɪʤɪz tɪ sɪˈkjʊr ðə əˈproʊpriˌeɪt fil fər ə ˈgɪvɪn sin. ɪt ɪz ðə wərk əv kəmˈpoʊzər ˈrupərt ˌhaʊˈɛvər ðət aɪ moʊst wɪʃ tɪ ˈhaɪˌlaɪt. gregson-williams’*’ skɔr ɪz ə tru wərk əv ɑrt ənd ɪz ˈmæstərfəli ˈjutəˌlaɪzd θruaʊt ðə fɪlm tɪ ˈhaɪtən ənd ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪˌfaɪ ðə moʊst ˈpaʊərfəl ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl bits. wɪn ɪt tɪ ɪts pik nɪr ðə ɛnd ɛz dɔs rənz wəns əˈgɛn ˈɪntu ə heɪl əv faɪər tɪ seɪv əˈnəðər mæn ɪt rɪˈzəlts ɪn ə ˈmoʊmənt soʊ ˈpaʊərfəl ðət ju ər ˈɔlˌmoʊst kəmˈpɛld tɪ lip tɪ jʊr fit ɪn traɪəmf. ˈhækˌsɔ rɪʤ ɪz nɑt ə ˈpərˌfɪkt fɪlm, ðə skrɪpt kʊd hæv juzd ə fju mɔr ˈpæsɪz ənd ðɛr ər ˈməltəpəl ˈmoʊmənts ɪn ðə fərst hæf əv ðə fɪlm ðət du nɑt ɪgˈzæktli sɪŋ. ðət biɪŋ sɛd, ɪt ɪz ən ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ˈpaʊərfəl ənd ˈsɪŋgjələr wərk əv ˈsɪnəmə ðət ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət ˈgɪbsən ɪz ɛz ə ˈfɪlˌmeɪkər. hi ˈjuzɪz ˈɛvəri muv ɪn hɪz ɪkˈspænsɪv bæg əv trɪks tɪ kræft ən ɪkˈspɪriəns kwaɪt ənˈlaɪk ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɛls ju wɪl si ɪn ə ˈθieɪtər ðɪs jɪr. aɪ ˈhoʊlhɑrtɪdli ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd ɪt.
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but those who trust in the lord will renew their strength. they will soar on wings like eagles; they will run and not grow weary, they will walk and not be faint. isaiah 40:31
these words and the three verses that precede them are the opening lines of hacksaw ridge, the war biopic that is mel gibson’s first directorial effort in 10 years (which he has mostly spent in “hollywood jail” for reasons well documented that we will not be discussing here) and his particular brand of insanity has been sorely missed. the choice to open with the film’s star andrew garfield reading lines of scripture over a sequence of battlefield carnage is not a subtle one, but the truth is that no one has ever accused gibson of being subtle. it does, however, greatly inform the film that follows.
hacksaw ridge tells the true story of congressional medal of honor recipient corporal desmond doss, a conscientious objector who enlisted in the army during wwii and served without ever once firing a shot. citing intense religious belief and personal conviction, doss refused to carry a rifle into battle, feeling that to do so and take a human life would be a violation of those beliefs. instead doss served as an army medic where he distinguished himself and saved the lives of 75 of his fellow soldiers who were left wounded on the field of battle following an american retreat in the battle of okinawa. the film tracks his story from his childhood in lynchburg, virginia through to his heroics in the battle of okinawa.
as i said before, this film is not subtle. i have previously referred to gibson the director as “psycho spielberg” because while spielberg often drowns his audience in emotion and sentimentality, gibson prefers to repeatedly bash them over the head with it until he achieves his desired result. while this may sound like an insult, it actually is not for the most part. just as spielberg is a master of his craft, gibson too is undeniably one of the most gifted filmmakers we have when it comes to imparting emotion and gravitas into a moment. there is one key difference between spielberg and gibson, though. spielberg, while incredibly gifted when it comes to shooting action and violence, does not typically use it as one of his primary tools. gibson, however, absolutely loves it. watch any mel gibson directorial effort and you will quickly notice that not only does the man have a gift for shooting violence and gore, he absolutely revels in shooting it. it is, to put it quite simply, his thing. when you walk into a mel gibson film, you should expect two things: 1. it will state it’s themes openly, both early and often, and 2. it will at some point contain sequences of some of the most hyper-real and disturbing violence that you have ever witnessed. hacksaw ridge takes both of these to the extreme.
the script for hacksaw ridge is, to put it nicely, less than amazing. the dialogue often feels forced and routinely veers into incredibly cheesy cliché. many of the lines uttered by various characters feel like poor first drafts of famous lines from other war films. subtlety is nowhere to be found at any point in the proceedings and the cast themselves sometimes look uncomfortable delivering the lines. for whatever reason, the script is substandard. for a lesser director, that would be a death sentence, but not for mel gibson. gibson, through the use of movie magic, mines every last scrap of gravitas he can out of line after cringe inducing line. he consistently pulls out every stop to ensure that said poor script at no point derails or undermines the story he is telling. this combined with game, if sometimes inconsistent performances by the leads elevates the opening hour of the film which focuses on the childhood of desmond doss, his meeting and courting of his wife dorothy (played brilliantly by teresa palmer), and his fight to be allowed to run into fire without a weapon by his side. as all of these plot points occur prior to the combat scenes that are gibson’s bread and butter, they represent a portion of the story where the poor script could have easily sunk the film. luckily, gibson’s direction of the quite moments rises to the occasion and manages to keep the film afloat until we reach the war. the childhood scenes are informative and the romance is surprisingly endearing and heartfelt. it is, however, doss’ fight to serve his country while refraining from carrying a weapon that gibson spends the bulk of his energy dramatizing in the first half of the film. we are treated to moment after moment in which doss repeatedly faces opposition to his steadfast refusal to fire or carry a gun. we see him mocked, beaten, and eventually put on trial for refusing to follow his superior officer’s orders to pick up a gun and while at times it is overwrought, it is undoubtedly effective in establishing the stakes and interpersonal dynamics that gibson will play with in the back half of the film.
while the first half of the film requires a herculean effort by gibson to keep it afloat, it is in the second half that he truly cuts loose and shows off the skills that make him such a singular filmmaker. the battle of okinawa as depicted in the film is a veritable hellscape. it begins with an artillery barrage from the sea that thundered with such force that i’m fairly certain it blew out one of the speakers in the theater i was in. as doss’ infantry regiment moves in to attempt to take the battlefield from which the film draws its name, they must walk past the charred and mutilated corpses of their fellow soldiers. entrails and limbs are strewn throughout the field. the first shot of the battle rips through the face of one of doss’ fellow soldiers without warning and suddenly the nightmare has begun. the sights and sounds of the battle overwhelm the sense. i feel very safe in predicting that a best sound mixing oscar is all but in the bag for this film, as the cacophony that erupted from the speakers was unlike anything that i had ever experienced. my seat shook and my ears rang as explosions and gunshots rang out as the battlefield descended suddenly and sharply into utter chaos. this combined with the utter carnage onscreen resulted in a visceral experience that i imagine was unlike anything that has been witnessed in a theater since saving private ryan made its initial theatrical run. it is however not the initial battle that turns out to be the film’s finest moment however, for that is reserved for what immediately follows. that is the sequence in which doss runs alone through a rain of artillery fire to save soldier after soldier, each time praying “please god, let me save one more”. it is then that the significance of the line of scripture quoted at the film’s outset becomes clear. each time after lowering yet another one of his fellow soldiers to safety, we witness doss call upon his savior for strength so that he might save yet another life. as i said before, it isn’t subtle, but it is definitely effective as it is one of the most moving and emotionally raw moments i have seen on film in quite some time.
i would be remiss if i capped off this review without acknowledging some of the brilliant work done by various members of the crew of hacksaw ridge. cinematographer simon duggan does a brilliant job framing and depicting the chaos of the battlefield, even if the occasional shot did leave me scratching my head. john gilbert’s editing is sharp and always manages to secure the appropriate feel for a given scene. it is the work of composer rupert gregson-williams however that i most wish to highlight. gregson-williams’ score is a true work of art and is masterfully utilized throughout the film to heighten and intensify the film’s most powerful emotional beats. when it crescendos to its peak near the end as doss runs once again into a hail of fire to save another man it results in a moment so powerful that you are almost compelled to leap to your feet in triumph.
hacksaw ridge is not a perfect film, the script could have used a few more passes and there are multiple moments in the first half of the film that do not exactly sing. that being said, it is an emotionally powerful and singular work of cinema that encapsulates everything that gibson is as a filmmaker. he uses every move in his expansive bag of tricks to craft an experience quite unlike anything else you will see in a theater this year. i wholeheartedly recommend it.
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ə ˈmɪʃɪgən ˈlɔˌmeɪkər mɔr ˈwaɪdli noʊn fər hɪz ˈhaɪli kənˈsərvətɪv pəˈzɪʃənz ɔn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈɪʃuz meɪ bi ən ənˈlaɪkli ˈælaɪ fər ðoʊz ˈpʊʃɪŋ fər mɔr klin ˈɛnərʤi hir. steɪt rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈgɛri glɛn, ə ti ˈpɑrti rɪˈpəblɪkən hu ˈɔlsoʊ hɛdz ðə steɪt ˈʧæptər əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈfæməli əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən, sɪz hi wɔnts tɪ mandate”*” ˈsoʊlər ˈɛnərʤi groʊθ ɪn ðə steɪt. ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ ˌmɪdˈwɛst ˈɛnərʤi nuz, glɛn sɛd hi ɪz pərˈpɛrɪŋ tɪ riˈlis ən ˈɛnərʤi ˈpækɪʤ nɛkst mənθ ðət wʊd ɪnˈkərəʤ dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ənd əˈlaʊ ˈreɪtˌpeɪərz tɪ baɪ riˈnuəbəl ˈɛnərʤi frəm ɔlˈtərnətɪv səˈplaɪərz. glɛn ɪz ðə məˈʤɔrəti vaɪs ʧɛr əv ðə haʊs ˈɛnərʤi ˈpɑləsi kəˈmɪti, wɪʧ əbˈzərvərz seɪ həz ˈteɪkən ə strɔŋ ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈɛnərʤi ˈɪʃuz ðɪs ˈsɛʃən. glɛn eɪmz tɪ lɪft ðə ˈkɑrənt 1 pərˈsɛnt kæp ɔn nɛt ˈmitərɪŋ fər ˈsoʊlər ˈprɑʤɛkts, ðə ˈɑpəzɪt dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ˈsɛnɪt rɪˈpəblɪkənz ər ˈhɛdɪd. hi ˈɔlsoʊ wɔnts tɪ riˈstrəkʧər ðə 10 pərˈsɛnt ˈlɪmət ɔn ˈkəstəmərz hu kən pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪn ˈriˌteɪl ˈoʊpən ˈækˌsɛs ðət wʊd əˈlaʊ ˈkəstəmərz tɪ ʧuz ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˈɛnərʤi səˈplaɪər ɪf ɪt ɪz fər riˈnuəbəl ˈɛnərʤi. ˈmeɪʤər juˈtɪlətiz ˈɛnərʤi ənd kənˈsumərz ˈɛnərʤi ər ˈfaɪtɪŋ əˈgɛnst boʊθ ˈkɑrənt ˈpɑləsiz, ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt nɛt ˈmitərɪŋ ənd ɪˈlɛktrɪk ʧɔɪs. glɛn sɪz hɪz ˈoʊvərˌɔl goʊl ɪz tɪ prəˈmoʊt groʊθ. ɔt tɪ meɪnˈteɪn [nɛt ˈmitərɪŋ] ənd ɪt soʊ wi hæv mɔr ˈpipəl ˈjuzɪŋ ˈsoʊlər ənd rɪˈlivɪŋ ˈprɛʃər ɔn ðə grid,”*,” glɛn sɛd læst wik æt ðə ˈkæpɪtəl. bɪˈliv ɪn ˈmænˌdeɪtɪŋ ˈɛni fɔrm əv ˈɛnərʤi, bət wi ʃʊd bi ˈsoʊlər ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. fækt ðət nɑt mɔr ˈsoʊlər ɪz nɑt bɪˈkəz ðɛr ər mɔr ˈklaʊdi deɪz ɪn ˈmɪʃɪgən ðən ˈəðər states,”*,” hi ˈædɪd. hæv ðə list ˈpɑləsi ɪn ðə country.”*.” ˈkɑmɛnts keɪm ˈʃɔrtli ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˈɛnərʤi ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi kəˈmɪti hɛld ə ˈhirɪŋ læst wik ɔn 438 ə plæn ðət wʊd ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt nɛt ˈmitərɪŋ ənd wɪʧ ɪz drɔɪŋ strɔŋ ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm frəm ˈsoʊlər ˈædvəˌkeɪts ənd səm kənˈsərvətɪv grups. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪŋ nɛt ˈmitərɪŋ ɛz ˈmeɪʤər juˈtɪlətiz wɔnt tɪ si glɛn wɔnts tɪ lɪft ðə 1 pərˈsɛnt kæp ənd əˈlaʊ ˈpipəl tɪ bi ˈkrɛdɪtɪd fər ðə ˈɛnərʤi ðeɪ pʊt bæk ɔn ðə grɪd æt ðə seɪm ˈriˌteɪl reɪt ðeɪ gɪt ɪt frəm juˈtɪlətiz. pɑrt əv ə competition-driven*, ənd ˈpækɪʤ, ɪt gɪvz kənˈsumərz choice,”*,” glɛn sɛd. prəˈpoʊzəl kʊd ɛnd əp biɪŋ ðə fɔrθ sˈwipɪŋ ˈɛnərʤi ˈpɑləsi tɪ ˈsərfəs ðɪs jɪr ɛz 10 pərˈsɛnt riˈnuəbəl ˈɛnərʤi ˈstændərd ˈlɛvəlz ɔf æt ðə ɛnd əv 2015 plæn ˈdɪfərz frəm ˈsɛnɪt rɪˈpəblɪkənz hu wɔnt tɪ ɑpt fər ən ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈrisɔrs ˈplænɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ənd ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt nɛt ˈmitərɪŋ, ɛz wɛl ɛz frəm ə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk prəˈpoʊzəl tɪ ˈdəbəl ðə baɪ 2020 hɪz stæns ˈɔlsoʊ ˈdɪfərz frəm ˈfɛloʊ haʊs rɪˈpəblɪkənz, hu wɔnt tɪ rɪˈtərn ˈmɪʃɪgən tɪ biɪŋ ə ˈfʊli ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd steɪt ənd əˈlaʊ ðə riˈnuəbəl ənd ɪˈfɪʃənsi ˈstændərdz tɪ ˈlɛvəl ɔf ənd nɑt ˌɪnˈkris. glɛn ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ə grup əv ˈmɪʃɪgən rɪˈpəblɪkənz ˈpʊʃɪŋ fər mɔr riˈnuəbəl ˈɛnərʤi bət duɪŋ soʊ θru ðə ˈmɑrkɪt ər ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəmz ˈəðər ðən ˈstændərdz, ə trɛnd ðət həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈimərʤd ɪn ˈəðər steɪts. ðə grin ti ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ənd ðə grup tɛl juˈtɪlətiz ˈsoʊlər bi kɪld ˈhɛdɪd baɪ ˈfɔrmər rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈkɑŋgrəsmən ˈbɛri ˈgoʊldˌwɔtər jr*. ər ˈmoʊbəˌlaɪzɪŋ ɪn steɪts wɛr ðeɪ seɪ ˈpɑləsiz kənˈdusɪv tɪ ˈrufˌtɑp ˈsoʊlər ər biɪŋ əˈtækt baɪ lɑrʤ juˈtɪlətiz ðət fil θˈrɛtənd baɪ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ əˈmaʊnts əv dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən. glɛn sɛd hi ɪz əˈdæptɪŋ ə ˈpɑləsi ðət maɪt bi ˈpælətəbəl ɔn boʊθ saɪdz əv ðə aɪəl bɪˈkəz hi bɪˈliv ðə voʊts ər ðɛr tɪ ɪkˈstɛnd ər tɪ ˈfʊli diˈrɛgjəleɪt ər ˈrɛgjəˌleɪt ðə steɪt. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈkəstəmərz ˈsikɪŋ riˈnuəbəl ˈɛnərʤi tɪ gɪt ɪt frəm ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv səˈplaɪər, glɛn ˈɔlsoʊ wɔnts tɪ ˈoʊpən əp ðə ʧɔɪs ˈmɑrkɪt tɪ ɔl ˈɛntɪtiz, səʧ ɛz skulz, ˌjunəˈvərsətiz, ˈprɪzənz ənd ɔl ənd pəˈlɪtɪkəl subdivisions.”*.” ˈændi ɪz ə rɪˈpɔrtər fər ˌmɪdˈwɛst ˈɛnərʤi nuz. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl wɑz ərˈɪʤənəli ˈpəblɪʃt æt ˌmɪdˈwɛst ˈɛnərʤi nuz ənd wɑz riˈprɪntɪd wɪθ pərˈmɪʃən.
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a michigan lawmaker more widely known for his highly conservative positions on social issues may be an unlikely ally for those pushing for more clean energy here.
state rep. gary glenn, a first-term tea party republican who also heads the state chapter of the american family association, says he wants to incentivize -- “not mandate” -- solar energy growth in the state.
in an interview with midwest energy news, glenn said he is preparing to release an energy package next month that would encourage distributed generation and allow ratepayers to buy renewable energy from alternative suppliers.
glenn is the majority vice chair of the house energy policy committee, which observers say has taken a strong interest in energy issues this session.
glenn aims to lift the current 1 percent cap on net metering for solar projects, the opposite direction senate republicans are headed. he also wants to restructure the 10 percent limit on customers who can participate in retail open access that would allow customers to choose an alternative energy supplier if it is for renewable energy.
major utilities dte energy and consumers energy are fighting against both current policies, looking to eliminate net metering and electric choice.
glenn says his overall goal is to promote clean-energy growth.
“we ought to maintain [net metering] and incentivize it so we have more people using solar and relieving pressure on the grid,” glenn said last week at the capitol. “i don’t believe in mandating any form of energy, but we should be incentivizing solar as much as possible.
“the fact that there’s not more solar is not because there are more cloudy days in michigan than other states,” he added. “we have the least incentivizing policy in the country.”
glenn’s comments came shortly before the senate energy and technology committee held a hearing last week on sb 438, a republican-backed plan that would eliminate net metering -- and which is drawing strong criticism from solar advocates and some conservative groups.
instead of eliminating net metering -- as major investor-owned utilities want to see -- glenn wants to lift the 1 percent cap and allow people to be credited for the energy they put back on the grid at the same retail rate they get it from utilities.
“as part of a competition-driven, free-market and incentive-based package, it gives consumers choice,” glenn said.
glenn’s proposal could end up being the fourth sweeping energy policy to surface this year as michigan’s 10 percent renewable energy standard levels off at the end of 2015.
glenn’s plan differs from senate republicans who want to opt for an integrated resource planning process and eliminate net metering, as well as from a democratic proposal to double the rps by 2020. his stance also differs from fellow house republicans, who want to return michigan to being a fully regulated state and allow the renewable and efficiency standards to level off and not increase.
glenn represents a group of michigan republicans pushing for more renewable energy but doing so through the market or mechanisms other than standards, a trend that has also emerged in other states.
the green tea coalition and the group tell utilities solar won’t be killed -- headed by former republican congressman barry goldwater jr. -- are mobilizing in states where they say policies conducive to rooftop solar are being attacked by large utilities that feel threatened by increasing amounts of distributed generation.
glenn said he is adapting a policy that might be palatable on both sides of the aisle because he believe the votes are there to extend michigan’s rps or to fully deregulate or regulate the state.
in addition to allowing customers seeking renewable energy to get it from an alternative supplier, glenn also wants to open up the choice market to all taxpayer-funded entities, such as k-12 schools, universities, prisons and all “state and political subdivisions.”
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andy balaskovitz is a reporter for midwest energy news. this article was originally published at midwest energy news and was reprinted with permission.
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ˈsændrə fluk, wən əv ðə ˈwɪrdər ˈfɪgjərz ɪn ˈpəblɪk laɪf, ʤɪst spoʊk æt ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk kənˈvɛnʃən. hər spiʧ wɑz ˈmoʊstli ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrənt. ʃi əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ə ˈpərsən əv ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns, wɪʧ ɪz kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ biɪŋ 30 jɪrz oʊld ənd stɪl ə ˈstudənt. hər ˈsɪgnəʧər ˈɪʃu ɪz ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən: ʃi wɔnts ju tɪ peɪ fər hər bərθ kənˈtroʊl. ɪz ʃi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ peɪ fər jʊrz? nɑt klɪr. aɪ ˈfɪgjər ðət aʊt. ɪz mɪz. fluk ˈhævɪŋ ˈtrəbəl ˈgɪtɪŋ hər hænz ɔn ˌkɑntrəˈsɛptɪv dɪˈvaɪsɪz? ʃi ˈæˌkʧuəli seɪ ðət. ɪf ʃi wɔks tɪ ðə ˈnɪrəst walgreens*, ʃi kən baɪ ˌkɑntrəˈsɛptɪvz əv ˈsɛvərəl taɪps æt ɪkˈstrimli loʊ ˈpraɪsɪz. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, bɛt ə lɑrʤ əˈmaʊnt əv ˈməni ðət ˈʤɔrʤˌtaʊn ˈpæsɪz aʊt ˌkɑntrəˈsɛptɪvz fər fri tɪ ˈstudənts, ˌnɑtwɪθˈstændɪŋ ðət ˈstætəs ɛz ə ˈfɔrmərli ˈkæθlɪk ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃən. soʊ ðə pɔɪnt? haʊ ər ˌkɑntrəˈsɛptɪvz ˈɛni ˈdɪfərənt frəm ʃuz, ˈhæmbərgərz, ˈtuθˌpeɪst, ˈbəbəl gəm, ˌɔtəmoʊˈbilz, ər ˈɛni əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈəðər ˈprɑdəkts ðət səm (bət nɑt ɔl) əˈmɛrɪkənz wɔnt tɪ baɪ? ˈbrifli pʊt: baɪ jʊr oʊn ˈfrikɪŋ ˌkɑntrəˈsɛptɪvz, mɪz. fluk! ər gɪt jʊr ˈʃɪftlɪs ˈbɔɪˌfrɛnd tɪ pɪk əp ə ˈkɑndəm ɔn ðə weɪ ˈoʊvər. soʊ wɛr ɪz ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈɪʃu? ɪf ju ˈlɪsən tɪ mɪz. fluk spik, ju maɪt gɪt ðə ˌɪmˈprɛʃən ðət ˈsəmˌwən ɪz traɪɪŋ tɪ stɑp hər frəm əbˈteɪnɪŋ ˌkɑntrəˈsɛptɪvz. bət əv kɔrs ðət ɪz nɑt tru. ju kən gɪt ðɛm, ʧip, ɔn ˈnɪrli ˈɛni strit ˈkɔrnər, ənd fər fri (aɪ ˈspɛkjəˌleɪt) æt ˈʤɔrʤˌtaʊn ənd ˈprɪti məʧ ˈɛni ˈəðər ˌjunəˈvərsəti. soʊ waɪ dɪz mɪz. fluk ˌɪnˈsɪst ɔn ˈwaɪnɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˌkɑntrəˈsɛptɪvz? waɪ ɪn ðə wərld ər ðə ˈdɛməˌkræts traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk ðɪs ˈsimɪŋli ˈrændəm, ənd ˈvɛri ʧip, ˈprɑdəkt ˈɪntu ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈɪʃu? ðɛr ɪz ˈoʊnli wən ˈænsər: hir ənd ðɛr ər ˈpɑkəts əv əˈmɛrɪkənz hu hæv rɪˈlɪʤəs bɪˈlifs ðət bɛr ɔn ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən ənd əˈbɔrʃən. (mɪz. fluk ˈɛvər tɔk əˈbaʊt ɪt, bət pɑrt əv wət ʃi ɪz ˈædvəˌkeɪtɪŋ fər ɪz fri əˈbɔrʃən ˈsərvɪsɪz.) səm ˈkæθlɪks ənd bɑrd baɪ rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈpriˌsɛpt frəm peɪɪŋ fər others’*’ ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən ənd əˈbɔrʃənz. soʊ ðɛr ɪz ˈoʊnli wən pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈɪʃu ðət rɪˈleɪts tɪ ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən: ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən wɔnts tɪ fɔrs ˈɛvəri ɪmˈplɔɪər, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ rɪˈlɪʤəs ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz huz θiˈɑləʤi proʊˈhɪbəts səʧ ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz, tɪ peɪ ˈtaɪni əˈmaʊnts əv ˈməni tɪ ˈfaɪˌnæns ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən fər sləgz laɪk ˈsændrə fluk, soʊ ðət ðeɪ kən seɪv ðɛr 1 ə wik fər haɪər ənd ˈbɛtər ˈjuzɪz. noʊ ˈfridəm əv ʧɔɪs əˈlaʊd hir! ɪt: ˈəðər ðən ðə democrats’*’ ˈɛfərt tɪ ʤæm ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən ənd əˈbɔrʃən daʊn ðə θroʊts əv ˈkrɪsʧɪnz ənd ˈəðərz hu hæv rɪˈlɪʤəs ənd ˈmɔrəl əˈbʤɛkʃənz, ðɛr ɪz noʊ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈɪʃu rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tɪ ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən. ðət ɪz ðə ˈsɪnɪstər ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃən ðət laɪz bɪˈhaɪnd mɪz. ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrənt əˈpɪrəns təˈnaɪt ɪn ˈʃɑrlət.
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sandra fluke, one of the weirder figures in public life, just spoke at the democratic convention. her speech was mostly incoherent. she appears to be a person of limited intelligence, which is consistent with being 30 years old and still a student. her signature issue is contraception: she wants you to pay for her birth control. is she willing to pay for yours? not clear.
i figure that out. is ms. fluke having trouble getting her hands on contraceptive devices? she actually say that. if she walks to the nearest walgreens, she can buy contraceptives of several types at extremely low prices. in addition, i’d bet a large amount of money that georgetown passes out contraceptives for free to students, notwithstanding that university’s status as a formerly catholic institution.
so what’s the point? how are contraceptives any different from shoes, hamburgers, toothpaste, bubble gum, automobiles, or any of thousands of other products that some (but not all) americans want to buy? briefly put: buy your owng contraceptives, ms. fluke! or get your shiftless boyfriend to pick up a condom on the way over.
so where is the political issue? if you listen to ms. fluke speak, you might get the impression that someone is trying to stop her from obtaining contraceptives. but of course that is not true. you can get them, cheap, on nearly any street corner, and for free (i speculate) at georgetown and pretty much any other university. so why does ms. fluke insist on whining about contraceptives? why in the world are the democrats trying to make this seemingly random, and very cheap, product into a political issue?
there is only one answer: here and there are pockets of americans who have religious beliefs that bear on contraception and abortion. (ms. fluke ever talk about it, but part of what she is advocating for is free abortion services.) some americans–observant catholics and others–are barred by religious precept from paying for others’ contraception and abortions. so there is only one political issue that relates to contraception: the obama administration wants to force every employer, including religious institutions whose theology prohibits such contributions, to pay tiny amounts of money to finance contraception for slugs like sandra fluke, so that they can save their $1 a week for higher and better uses. no freedom of choice allowed here! it: other than the democrats’ effort to jam contraception and abortion down the throats of christians and others who have religious and moral objections, there is no political issue relating to contraception.
that is the sinister motivation that lies behind ms. fluke’s incoherent appearance tonight in charlotte.
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haʊ tɪ tɔk tɪ gərlz? ɪn ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl, wi wɪl ɪkˈsplɔr ðə ɑrt əv bɪˈkəmɪŋ ən ˌɪnərˈmidiɪt ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənələst wɪθ ˈwɪmən. ju wɪl faɪnd ɔl ðə ˈnɑlɪʤ ˈnidɪd tɪ teɪk ju tɪ ən əˈbəv ˈævərɪʤ ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənələst ˈlɛvəl, rəˈgɑrdləs əv haʊ məʧ ju sək naʊ. ɪn ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl, aɪ wɪl bi ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt haʊ tɪ tɔk tɪ gərlz, haʊ tɪ ˈnɛvər rən aʊt əv θɪŋz tɪ seɪ ənd haʊ tɪ bi mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd fən tɪ bi əraʊnd. aɪ wɪl breɪk ɪt daʊn ˈɪntu 4 ˈmaɪndˌsɛt sˈwɪʧɪz, tɪ gɪt jʊr mɛnˈtælɪti ɔn pɔɪnt, ənd ðɛn gɪv ju 7 ˈæpləkəbəl ənd ɪkˈstrimli ˈjusfəl tɪps ənd trɪk tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv jʊr ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən, ənd ˈnɛvər bi ˈbɔrɪŋ əˈgɛn. bət ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl wɪl bi ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn tɪ tɔk tɪ girls’*’, ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən skɪlz ɪn rɪˈgɑrdz tɪ jʊr prəˈfɛʃənəl laɪf wɪl bi ɪkˈsplɔrd ɪn ə fˈjuʧər ˈɑrtɪkəl. [iˈmeɪl prəˈtɛktɪd] *ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈkəvər hu ˈnɛvər hæd ə ˈnɔrməl ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ ˈɛniˌwən ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ðɛr ˈfæməli ənd kloʊz ˈsoʊʃəl ˈsərkəl ɪf ðɪs ɪz jʊr keɪs, pliz ˈkɑnˌtækt mi dɪˈrɛkli ɔn: haʊ tɪ tɔk tɪ gərlz. aɪ faɪnd ɪt əmˈjuzɪŋ haʊ ˈpipəl ˈnɛvər gɪt taɪərd əv ˈæskɪŋ tɪ tɔk tɪ girls”*”, ʃʊd aɪ seɪ next?“*?“, kən aɪ kip ˈtɔkɪŋ fər ə lɔŋ time?“*?“, kən aɪ bɪˈkəm ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ story-teller?“…*?“… ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. aɪ wɪl breɪk daʊn ɔl maɪ ˈnɑlɪʤ ɔn haʊ aɪ trænsˈfɔrmd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf, ənd ˈmɛni ˈəðərz ˈɪntu ə səˈprim ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənələst. ɛz fər ˈɛvəri skɪl ɪn ðɪs wərld, noʊ ˈmætər haʊ wɛl ju breɪk ɪt daʊn ɔn ˈpeɪpərz, ɪt wərθ ʤæk ʃɪt ɪf ju teɪk ɪt tɪ ðə ril wərld ənd əˈplaɪ ɪt ˈmɛni taɪmz ɔn ˈdɪfərənt ˈpipəl. lɛt ˈjuˈɛs bɪˈgɪn ðə raɪt mɛnˈtælɪti wɪn ju wɔnt tɪ əˈdɑpt ə nu sɛt əv skɪlz, ju hæv tɪ stɑrt wɪθ jʊr maɪnd fərst. ˈgɪtɪŋ jʊr maɪnd klɪrd, baɪ riˈmuvɪŋ ɔl ðə skjud ˈɪmɪʤɪz ju hæd əˈbaʊt ˌriˈæləˌti ənd ˌɪnˈsərtɪŋ ə brænd nu ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪn wən ˌɪnˈstɛd, ju wɪl kriˈeɪt ðə raɪt faʊnˈdeɪʃən tɪ ˈfæstər əˈdɑpt ˈbɛtər skɪlz, soʊ pliz peɪ kloʊz əˈtɛnʃən: 1 wət ju seɪ ɪz nɑt ðət ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt: weɪst taɪm ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt wət ju ʃʊd kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt vərˈbæli, wət smɑrt laɪnz ju hæv tɪ seɪ, ənd haʊ məʧ əv jʊr səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtəd voʊˈkæbjəˌlɛri ju ʃʊd juz. ɛz ɛnˈtaɪsɪŋ ɛz ɪt meɪ saʊnd tɪ ˈænsər hər ɪz jʊr job?”*?” wɪθ jʊr sˈmɑrˌtæs ˈænsər æm ə strit pharmacist.“*.“, ɪt ɪz nɑt gʊd ɔn ðə lɔŋ rən, ɪt maɪt meɪk hər ˈgɪgəl ə bɪt, bət mate…*… ju ər nɑt hər ˌɛnərˈteɪnər. 2 drɔp ðə nid tɪ bi ˈlɑʤɪkəl: ɪf ju ər ɪn ə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈsɛtɪŋ (bɑr, kləb, gathering…etc*.), ðɛn noʊ ˈmætər haʊ smɑrt ðə gərl ju ər ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ, ʃi wɪl hæv ðə əˈtɛnʃən spæn əv ə 10 jɪrz oʊld wɪθ ən əˈkjut æd, ʃi gɪv ju ðət məʧ taɪm tɪ ɪˈlæbərˌeɪt məʧ ɔn ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, du nɑt pʊʃ ɪt. ˈoʊvərˌɔl, gərlz ər ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ənd ðeɪ ˈrɛrli rɪˈlaɪ ɔn logic…*… jʊr ʧeɪn əv θɔts hæv tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ˈɛni ˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈpætərn -laɪk moʊst əv maɪ ˈɑrtɪkəlz ju kən ʧeɪnʤ wən ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ əˈnəðər wɪˈθaʊt ən ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ kəˈnɛkʃən bɪtˈwin ðə tu, ənd ðə mɔr ˈrændəm ju ər ðə ˈbɛtər sɪns ðɪs kənˈveɪz ðə ˌənprɪˈdɪktəbəl gaɪ ˈifɛkt. 3 drɔp the…*… bɑnd, ʤeɪmz bɑnd ækt: ɪt ɪz nɑt kul, ˈɛvriˌwən ɪz duɪŋ ɪt. fər seɪk ju ər nɑt ʤeɪmz bɑnd. gɪt ɔl əpˈtaɪt, ənd ˈsɪriəs əˈbaʊt ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ. lɛt lus, hæv fən, bi ˈʧaɪldɪʃ, fək əraʊnd wɪθ ˈɛvriˌwən, du ˈsɪli θɪŋz, hæv ə gʊd taɪm, ənd fək wət ˈɛvriˌwən θɪŋks. 4 ɛz aɪ ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn pɔɪnt ˈnəmbər 1 ɪt ɪz nɑt wət ju seɪ, ɪt ɪz haʊ ju seɪ it…*… aɪ noʊ, aɪ noʊ, ju hæv hərd ðɪs ˈtrɪljən əv taɪmz ˌbiˈfɔr, bət ɪt ɪz ə məst ðət ju ˈfʊli ˌəndərˈstænd ɪt. wɪn aɪ seɪ, goʊ tɛl ə gərl matata”*”, ɪt ɪz nɑt wət ju ər seɪɪŋ, ɪt ɪz ðə ˈɛnərʤi bɪˈhaɪnd ɪt, wɪn ju seɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛz ˈʧizi ɛz ðɪs, seɪ ɪt wɪθ ðə ˈɛnərʤi əv ən 8 jɪrz oʊld ˈtizɪŋ ˈəðər gərlz æt skul, ðɪs taɪp əv ˈɛnərʤi ɪz soʊ əˈdɪktɪv. haʊ ˈpipəl wɪl riækt tɪ səʧ ˈsɪli əˈtɛmpts wɪl dɪˈpɛnd ˈmoʊstli ɔn ju ənd ðə lɔ əv steɪt ˈtrænsfər, mɔr ɔn ðət ɪn ðə tɪps ənd trɪks ˈsɛkʃən. ðoʊz ər ðə tɔp fɔr mɛnˈtælɪti sˈwɪʧɪz ðət ju hæv tɪ gɪt θru jʊr hɛd tɪ stɛp əp jʊr geɪm. ðə ki hir ɪz tɪ bi ˈsɛntərd, rɪˈlækst, ənd ˈhævɪŋ fən tɪ sˈmuðli ənd ˈizəli pʊl ðiz ɔf. trɪks: ɛn wən əv ðiz ˈæˌkʧuəli kˈwɑləˌfaɪz ɛz ‘‘tricks’*’ pər seɪ, bət ðiz ər səm tɪps ðət moʊst əv ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈpəblɪk ər kəmˈplitli əˈblɪviəs tɪ. ɪt ɪz gʊd tɪ æd ðɛm tɪ jʊr sɛt əv skɪlz ɛz ə səˈprim mæn. 1 gɪt ˈɪntu ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən: hæd ə kəp əv ˈkɔfi ðɪs morning”*” ˈvərsəz. hæd ə wɔrm kəp əv ˈkɔfi ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ, ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz hɛlps mi weɪk əp ənd pʊt mi ɪn ə pərˈdəktɪv mood“*“. aɪ θɪŋk ðɪs wən ɪz ˈɑbviəs, ˌwəˈtɛvər ju tɔk əˈbaʊt, traɪ tɪ gɪt ˈɪntu ˈditeɪlz, ənd əˈspɛʃəli ˈditeɪlz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈfilɪŋz ənd ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz. sɪns gərlz ər ˈʤəŋkiz fər ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz æd wərdz ðət kənˈveɪ səm kaɪnd əv ˈiˌmoʊʃən wɪn ju ər dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, ɪt meɪks ju mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd ˈmɛmərəbəl. 2 gʊd vaɪbz: goʊɪŋ tɪ gɪt ðɪs freɪz ˌtæˈtud ɔn maɪ ˈfɔˌrɑrm sun. ɪn short…*… wɪn ju ər aʊt ˈhævɪŋ fən, ˈɔlˌweɪz ækt ɛz ə vaɪbz generator”*”. bi ə klaʊn bət ˈrəðər ə emotions”*” ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtər. hoʊld ə smərk ɔn jʊr feɪs ˈnɛvər kəmˈpleɪn. ˈnɛvər pʊt ˈpipəl daʊn. ˈɔlˌweɪz lɪft jʊr frɛndz əp. ˈɔlˌweɪz tɛl ˈpipəl hæv ən ˈɛpɪk night“*“, ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi fun“*“. ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ɪkˈsaɪtɪd æt ðə hɑrt. ˈkɛri ðə wɔrmθ əv gʊd vaɪbz wɪθ ju, spɪl ɪt ɔn ˈpipəl, ənd ˈnɛvər ˈɛvər sək frəm ˈɛniˌwən. 3 wət ju fil, ˈpipəl wɪl fil ɪn rɪˈtərn: aɪ hæv ˈstrəgəld maɪ hoʊl laɪf traɪɪŋ tɪ faɪnd ə ˈrizən fər ðɪs fəˈnɑməˌnɑn, noʊn ɛz ðə lɔ əv steɪt ˈtrænsfər. ɪt ˈbeɪsɪkli sɪz ðət ɪf ju fil ˈhæpi, ˈɛvriˌwən əraʊnd ju wɪl gɪt ðət ˈiˌmoʊʃən frəm ju. ðə wən wɪθ moʊst ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈiˌmoʊʃən ɪz ðə wən hu wɪl trænzˈmɪt ðə ˈiˌmoʊʃən tɪ ˈəðərz. ðə lɔ əv steɪt ˈtrænsfər ɪz ˈizəli ˈpruvən, ənd ju kən traɪ ɪt fər ˈjɔrsɛlf. ɪt ɪz 100 ˈsɑləd bət ju ʤɪst ɪkˈspleɪn ɪt. wən ɪkˈstrim ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ɪt wʊd bi ðə wən əˈbaʊt ˈsaɪkoʊˌpæθs, ðə ˈsikrɪt tɪ ðɛr suˈpɪriər ˈʧɑrmɪŋ skɪlz ɪz du tɪ ðɛr ˈstɛdi ˈkəmfərt ˈlɛvəl. wən ˈmeɪʤər ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪk əv ə ˈsaɪkoʊˌpæθ ɪz ˈhævɪŋ ˈɛmpəθi təˈwɔrdz ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ, hi ɪz əˈneɪbəl tɪ fil wət ˈpipəl ər ˈfilɪŋ əraʊnd ɪm, ənd ðəs ˈɔlˌweɪz gɪv ɔf ə ˈstɛdi ˈkɑmɪŋ ˈifɛkt tɪ ˈpipəl əraʊnd ɪm rəˈgɑrdləs əv hɪz tˈwɪstɪd maɪnd. hi hoʊldz hɪz freɪm, mɔr ɔn ðət ɪn ə ˈleɪtər ˈɑrtɪkəl. ðə lɔ əv steɪt ˈtrænsfər bɪˈkəmz ˈjusfəl ɪn keɪs əv ˈɔkwərdnəs. ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈɔkwərd ənˈtɪl ju meɪk ɪt -fil ðə ˈɔkwərdnəs ˈjɔrsɛlf ˈɔkwərd ɪt ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz əp tɪ ju. kəm frəm ə pleɪs əv gʊd vaɪbz, ənd noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈɔkwərd ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ɪz, ɪt wɪl pæs ɛz ə laɪt ˈhjumərəs wən. 4 ˈnɛvər bi riˈækʃən ˈsikɪŋ ər ˈnidi: wɪn ju goʊ aʊt wɪθ jʊr gʊd vaɪbz ˈætəˌtud, weɪt fər riˈækʃən. ju wɪl gɪt ˈtɛstɪd ɔn ˌwəˈtɛvər mɛnˈtælɪti ju kənˈveɪ tɪ ˈpipəl, stænd jʊr graʊnd baɪ nɑt biɪŋ əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ðɛr riˈækʃənz ju tɛl ə ʤoʊk tɪ si ˈpipəl ˈlæfɪŋ ənd wɪn ðɛr əˈpruvəl, ju tɛl ɪt tɪ əmˈjuz ˈjɔrsɛlf, ənd bɪˈkəz ɪt goʊz wɪθ jʊr gʊd vaɪbz ˈætəˌtud. ˈpipəl ˈlæfɪŋ ər nɑt, ˈlaɪkɪŋ ɪt ər nɑt ɪz nən əv jʊr business…*… ˈnɛvər ˈɛvər bi ˈnidi. goʊ əraʊnd ˈlæʧɪŋ gʊd ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz frəm ˈpipəl. weɪt fər ˈpipəl ər ˈpleɪsɪz tɪ ˌɛnərˈteɪn ju. ju ər ə ˈwɔkɪŋ ˈpɑrti fɪld wɪθ gʊd ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz baɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ˈgɪvɪŋ tɪ ˈpipəl ənd nɑt ˈæskɪŋ ɪn rɪˈtərn. wɪn ju wɔk əp tɪ ə gərl kəm frəm ə pleɪs əv ““hmm*.. lɛt mi meɪk maɪ ˈmɛʒərəbəl laɪf ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈbɛtər baɪ ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ ðɪs gərl ənd snæʧ səm əv hər gʊd ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz bət ˈrəðər ʃi lʊks kjut, aɪ ʃʊd goʊ ðɛr ənd rɑk hər naɪt ˈivɪn ˈhɑrdər, æt ðə list aɪ kən gɪt hər tɪ smaɪl ənd əmˈjuz ˌmaɪˈsɛlf əˈlɔŋ ðə way“*“. eɪʧ oʊld ðɪs ˈætəˌtud ɪn jʊr ˈdeɪtuˌdeɪ laɪf, wɪθ ˈɛvriˌwən əraʊnd, ənd ju wɪl bi ˈrənɪŋ tɪ ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənəl səˈprɛməsi ɪn noʊ taɪm. 5 bi jʊr oʊn klaʊn: jɛs ju rɛd ðət raɪt. bi jʊr oʊn ˈdænsɪŋ ˈməŋki. ˌwəˈtɛvər ɑbˈnɑkʃəs rɪˈdɪkjələs ˈʧaɪldɪʃ ˈbʊlˌʃɪt ju du, ju du ɪt fər ˈjɔrsɛlf. wɪn ju riʧ ə ˈlɛvəl əv səˈprɛməsi wɪn ju noʊ ju ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ pʊl ˈɛni ʧɪk ˈɛniˌtaɪm, ɪt bɪˈkəmz ə bɪt boring…*… tɪ teɪk ə gərl bæk tɪ jʊr pleɪs ju wʊd nid tɪ ʧæt hər əp fər ən aʊər mæks, ənd ðɛn boʊθ əv ju wʊd bi ˈrɛdi tɪ hɪt ɪt ɔf, bət ˈjuʒəwəli ðə naɪt wʊd stɪl bi jəŋ, soʊ ju hæv tɪ əmˈjuz ˈjɔrsɛlf ə bit…*… ju hæv noʊ aɪˈdiə haʊ rɪˈdɪkjələs ənd ˈʧaɪldɪʃ aɪ wʊd bi wɪn aʊt ˈkləbɪŋ ər ˈhævɪŋ fən, me…*… ən ˈoʊnər əv ə bɪg ˈkəmpəˌni wɪθ ə ˈvɛri ˈprɑməsɪŋ fˈjuʧər. aɪ wɛr ə sut 90 əv ðə taɪm. hæŋ aʊt wɪθ ˌɪnˈvɛstərz ənd ˈbæŋkərz ɔl deɪ lɔŋ, bət æt naɪt, ə 10 jɪrz oʊld klaʊn hu ɪz aʊt tɪ bi goofy…*… aɪ hæd lɔŋ ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz wɪθ ˈmɑdəlz ʤɪst ˈtɛlɪŋ ðɛm haʊ aɪ reɪz kæts fər ə ˈlɪvɪŋ, ənd neɪm ˈɛvəri nu ˈkɪti ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkli wɪθ ən ˈɛkstrə zi æt ðə ɛnd fər ˈædɪd ˈifɛkt. aɪ draɪv ə fər væn, ənd aɪ hæv ə ˈfɛtɪʃ ɔn ðə ˈmeɪlˌmæn. ɪt ɪz rɪˈdɪkjələs, ɪt ɪz fən, ənd moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, ɪt mi wɪn ju ər səkˈsɛsfəl, ju hæv tɪ priˈtɛnd tɪ bi səkˈsɛsfəl. ˈlusən əp meɪt, laɪf ɪz ʃɔrt. 6 loʊər jʊr ˈstændərdz: noʊ aɪ min wɪθ gərlz, bət wɪθ wət ju ɪkˈspɛkt aʊt əv ˈjɔrsɛlf. ˈmoʊstli ju wɪl bi ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈkɑlɪʤ gərlz ənd ˈnɔrməl ˈwərkɪŋ ˈwɪmən, ðɛr ɪz ˈnəθɪŋ rɔŋ wɪθ ðət, bət ðeɪ ər ˈnɔrməl ˈpipəl, ju hæv tɪ brɪŋ jʊr a-game*. ˈgeɪmɪŋ jɛs, wɪn ju ˈɛriə vɪkˈtɔriə ˈsikrɪt ˈmɑdəl, ju hæv tɪ brɪŋ jʊr ə+++ geɪm, bət fər ə gərl æt ə bɑr ər daʊn ðə strit, ju hæv tɪ. ʃi ɪz ðɛr tɪ hæv fən ənd soʊ ər ju, ʤɪst meɪk ʃʊr ju liv hər ˈbɛtər ðən ju hæv faʊnd hər, ənd ɪt. 7 θɪŋk əˈhɛd: priˈpɛr ən əˈʤɛndə əv wət ju ər goʊɪŋ tɪ seɪ. ðə ˈɛnərʤi bɪˈhaɪnd ɪt wʊd bi loʊ, ɪt wɪl læk ˈpæʃən, ənd ɪt wɪl kəm ɔf ɛz kænd, ˈkripi ənd boring…*… ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ɪn ðə ˈmoʊmənt. ɪf ju ˈstəmbəl, ɪf ju rən aʊt əv θɪŋz tɪ seɪ, ðɛn ʤɪst ədˈmɪt ɪt, seɪ noʊ waɪ bət maɪ maɪnd ʤɪst wɛnt blank!“*!“, ənd ðɛn əˈkjuz ðə gərl əv θroʊɪŋ səm ˈwɪʧˌkræft ɔn ju, ɪt ɪz ˈgrænɪd tɪ gɪv ju ənd hər ə læf. haʊ tɪ tɔk tɪ gərlz. wɪn ju θɪŋk əˈhɛd ju luz ðə sɛns əv wət ɪz biɪŋ kəmˈjunəˌkeɪtɪd ɪn ðə naʊ, ju luz jʊr ˈkɑrənt moʊˈmɛntəm, ənd ju kət ˈjɔrsɛlf ʃɔrt. lɛt ˈjuˈɛs seɪ ə gərl ɪz ˈtɛlɪŋ ju əˈbaʊt hər læst trɪp tɪ ˈjʊrəp, ɛz sun ɛz ju hir ðət ju hæv ðə ˈtɑpɪk əv jʊr læst trɪp tɪ ðə ˈmɪdəl ist stækt əp ɪn jʊr hɛd, ənd ɛz sun ɛz ʃi ˈfɪnɪʃɪz ˈtɔkɪŋ, ju wɪl spɛl ɪt aʊt fər hər, ənd ju wɪl mɪs ɔl ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ʃi hæd θroʊn jʊr weɪ ˈdʊrɪŋ hər tɔk. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ju ʃʊd æsk hər əˈbaʊt hər trɪp, haʊ ɪt wɑz, hər ˈfeɪvərɪt pɑrt, ðə ˈwaɪldɪst θɪŋ ʃi həz dən, tiz hər ə bɪt əˈbaʊt biɪŋ ə bæd gərl, ðɛn æsk hər əˈbaʊt wɛr ʃi wɔnts tɪ goʊ after…*… ənd ˈmɛni mɔr ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən pɔɪnts. ˈæftər ju rən aʊt əv θɪŋz tɪ seɪ, ju θroʊ ðət ˈstɔri əˈbaʊt jʊr trɪp tɪ ðə ˈmɪdəl ist ənd baaammm*!! ju hæv wən aʊərz əv ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən məˈtɪriəl ɪn jʊr ˈpɑkət. ɪn kənˈkluʒən, ðə mɔr rɪˈlækst ju ər, ðə lɛs ju kɛr əˈbaʊt haʊ ˈpipəl wɪl riækt tɪ ju ənd ðə ˈbɛtər ju wɪl bi ɪn ˈlidɪŋ ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz. ðə bɛst weɪ tɪ hæv ə məˈtɪriəl tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ɪz tɪ lɪv ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ laɪf fɪld wɪθ əˈmeɪzɪŋ ædˈvɛnʧərz. rɛd ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈməltəpəl taɪmz, ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ɪt wɪθ ril ˈpipəl ənd ˌɪmˈpruv ˈjɔrsɛlf, traɪ ɪt ɔn jʊr frɛndz ənd ˈɛniˌwən ju fil ˈkəmfərtəbəl ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ, traɪ tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən fər ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ju kən. ɪn ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ ˈɑrtɪkəl əˈbaʊt ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz wɪθ gərlz, aɪ wɪl tɔk əˈbaʊt haʊ tɪ bi ən ədˈvænst ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənələst baɪ ˈʧɑrmɪŋ hər ənd ˈgɪtɪŋ jʊr ɔn ʧɛk ənd ˈfaɪnəli aɪ wɪl ɛnd wɪθ ðə læst pɑrt əv ðɪs ˈsɪriz wɪʧ ɪz haʊ tɪ bi ə səˈprim ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənələst baɪ əˈplaɪɪŋ ˈpɔzɪz, məˈnɪpjəˌleɪtɪŋ jʊr vɔɪs ənd ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ ˈsaɪlənt seduction…*… steɪ tund. ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz kəmz bæk tɪ ju ənd ju ˈoʊnli, ɪt ɪz ɪn jʊr hænz, stɑp kəmˈpleɪnɪŋ ənd goʊ aʊt ðɛr, ʧɑrm ðə wərld. ʃɛr ðə ˈnɑlɪʤ ˈʤɛnəlmɪn, sprɛd ðə wərd: ˈfeɪsˌbʊk tˈwɪtər ˈtəmblər ˈpɑkət
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how to talk to girls?
in this article, we will explore the art of becoming an intermediate conversationalist with women. you will find all the knowledge needed to take you to an above average conversationalist level, regardless of how much you suck now.
in this article, i will be talking about how to talk to girls, how to never run out of things to say and how to be more interesting and fun to be around. i will break it down into 4 mindset switches, to get your mentality on point, and then give you 7 applicable and extremely useful tips and trick to improve your conversation, and never be boring again.
but this article will be focused on ‘how to talk to girls’, conversation skills in regards to your professional life will be explored in a future article.
[email protected] *this article won’t cover hard-case newbies who never had a normal conversation with anyone outside of their family and close social circle if this is your case, please contact me directly on:
how to talk to girls.
i find it amusing how people never get tired of asking “how to talk to girls”, “what should i say next?“, “how can i keep talking for a long time?“, “how can i become an interesting story-teller?“… etc. i will break down all my knowledge on how i transformed myself, and many others into a supreme conversationalist.
as for every skill in this world, no matter how well you break it down on papers, it worth jack shit if you don’t take it to the real world and apply it many times on different people.
let us begin
a-building the right mentality : when you want to adopt a new set of skills, you have to start with your mind first. getting your mind cleared, by removing all the skewed images you had about reality and inserting a brand new genuine one instead, you will create the right foundation to faster adopt better skills,
so please pay close attention:
1- what you say is not that important: don’t waste time thinking about what you should communicate verbally, what smart lines you have to say, and how much of your sophisticated vocabulary you should use. as enticing as it may sound to answer her “what is your job?” with your smart-ass answer “i am a street pharmacist.“, it is not good on the long run, it might make her giggle a bit, but mate… you are not her fuckin entertainer.
2- drop the need to be logical: if you are in a social setting (bar, club, gathering…etc.), then no matter how smart the girl you are talking to, she will have the attention span of a 10 years old with an acute add, she won’t give you that much time to elaborate much on anything, do not push it.
overall, girls are emotional and they rarely rely on logic… your chain of thoughts doesn’t have to follow any logical pattern -like most of my articles 🙂 . you can change one subject to another without an existing connection between the two, and the more random you are the better since this conveys the unpredictable guy effect.
3- drop the… bond, james bond act: it is not cool, everyone is doing it. for god’s sake you are not james bond. don’t get all uptight, butthurt , and serious about everything. let loose, have fun, be childish, fuck around with everyone, do silly things, have a good time, and fuck what everyone thinks.
4- as i mentioned in point number 1, it is not what you say, it is how you say it… i know, i know, you have heard this trillion of times before, but it is a must that you fully understand it.
when i say, go tell a girl “hakuna matata”, it is not what you are saying, it is the energy behind it, when you say something as cheesy as this, say it with the energy of an 8 years old teasing other girls at school, this type of energy is so addictive. how people will react to such silly attempts will depend mostly on you and the law of state transfer, more on that in the tips and tricks section.
those are the top four mentality switches that you have to get through your head to step up your game. the key here is to be centered, relaxed, and having fun to smoothly and easily pull these off.
b-tips & tricks: n one of these actually qualifies as ‘tricks’ per se, but these are some tips that most of the general public are completely oblivious to. it is good to add them to your set of skills as a supreme man.
1- get into specification: “i had a cup of coffee this morning” vs. “i had a warm cup of coffee this morning, it always helps me wake up and put me in a productive mood“. i think this one is obvious, whatever you talk about, try to get into details, and especially details related to feelings and emotions. since girls are junkies for emotions , add words that convey some kind of emotion when you are describing anything, it makes you more interesting and memorable.
2- good vibes: i’m going to get this phrase tattooed on my forearm soon.
in short… when you are out having fun, always act as a “good vibes generator”. don’t be a clown , but rather a “good emotions” generator. hold a smirk on your face 24/7. never complain. never put people down. always lift your friends up. always tell people “let’s have an epic night“, “this is going to be fun“. always be excited at the heart. carry the warmth of good vibes with you, spill it on people, and never ever suck positivity from anyone.
3- what you feel, people will feel in return: i have struggled my whole life trying to find a reason for this phenomenon, known as the law of state transfer. it basically says that if you feel happy, everyone around you will get that emotion from you. the one with most intense emotion is the one who will transmit the emotion to others.
the law of state transfer is easily proven, and you can try it for yourself. it is 100% solid , but you just can’t explain it. one extreme example of it would be the one about psychopaths, the secret to their superior charming skills is due to their steady comfort level. one major characteristic of a psychopath is having empathy towards everything, he is unable to feel what people are feeling around him, and thus always give off a steady calming effect to people around him regardless of his twisted mind.
he holds his frame, more on that in a later article.
the law of state transfer becomes useful in case of awkwardness. it is not awkward until you make it -feel the awkwardness yourself awkward , it is always up to you. come from a place of good vibes, and no matter how awkward the situation is, it will pass as a light humorous one.
4- never be reaction seeking or needy: when you go out with your good vibes attitude, don’t wait for people’s reaction.
you will get tested on whatever mentality you convey to people, stand your ground by not being affected by their reactions . you don’t tell a joke to see people laughing and win their approval, you tell it to amuse yourself, and because it goes with your good vibes attitude. people laughing or not, liking it or not is none of your business…
never ever be needy. don’t go around latching good emotions from people. don’t wait for people or places to entertain you. you are a walking party filled with good emotions by itself, giving to people and not asking in return.
when you walk up to a girl , don’t come from a place of “hmm.. , let me make my measurable life a little bit better by talking to this girl and snatch some of her good emotions “, but rather “ she looks cute, i should go there and rock her night even harder, at the least i can get her to smile and amuse myself along the way“. h old this attitude in your day-to-day life, with everyone around, and you will be running to conversational supremacy in no time.
5- be your own clown: yes you read that right. be your own dancing monkey. whatever obnoxious ridiculous childish bullshit you do, you do it for yourself.
when you reach a level of supremacy , when you know you are able to pull any chick anytime, it becomes a bit boring… to take a girl back to your place you would need to chat her up for an hour max, and then both of you would be ready to hit it off, but usually the night would still be young, so you have to amuse yourself a bit…
you have no idea how ridiculous and childish i would be when i’m out clubbing or having fun, me… an owner of a big company with a very promising future. i wear a suit 90% of the time. hang out with investors and bankers all day long, but at night, i’m a freakin 10 years old clown who is out to be goofy… i had long conversations with a-list models just telling them how i raise cats for a living, and name every new kitty alphabetically with an extra z at the end for added effect. i drive a fur van, and i have a fetish on the mailman. it is ridiculous, it is fun, and most importantly, it amuse’s me …. when you are successful, you don’t have to pretend to be successful.
loosen up mate, life is short.
6- lower your standards: no i don’t mean with girls, but with what you expect out of yourself. mostly you will be gaming college girls and normal working women, there is nothing wrong with that, but they are normal people, you don’t have to bring your a-game.
gaming yes, when you area victoria secret model, you have to bring your a+++ game, but for a girl at a bar or down the street, you don’t have to. she is there to have fun and so are you, just make sure you leave her better than you have found her, and that’s it.
7- don’t think ahead: don’t prepare an agenda of what you are going to say. the energy behind it would be low, it will lack passion, and it will come off as canned, creepy and boring… always be in the moment. if you stumble, if you run out of things to say, then just admit it, say “i don’t know why but my mind just went blank!“, and then accuse the girl of throwing some witchcraft on you, it is granted to give you and her a laugh.
how to talk to girls.
when you think ahead you lose the sense of what is being communicated in the now, you lose your current momentum, and you cut yourself short.
let us say a girl is telling you about her last trip to europe, as soon as you hear that you have the topic of your last trip to the middle east stacked up in your head, and as soon as she finishes talking, you will spell it out for her, and you will miss all the conversation opportunities she had thrown your way during her talk.
instead, you should ask her about her trip, how it was, her favorite part, the wildest thing she has done, tease her a bit about being a bad girl, then ask her about where she wants to go after… and many more conversation points. after you run out of things to say, you throw that story about your trip to the middle east and baaammm!! you have won hours of conversation material in your pocket.
in conclusion, the more relaxed you are, the less you care about how people will react to you and the better you will be in leading conversations. the best way to have a long-lasting material to talk about is to live an interesting life filled with amazing adventures.
read this article multiple times, exercise it with real people and improve yourself, try it on your friends and anyone you feel comfortable talking to, try to maintain a conversation for as long as you can.
in the upcoming article about conversations with girls, i will talk about how to be an advanced conversationalist by charming her and getting your body-language on check and finally i will end with the last part of this series which is how to be a supreme conversationalist by applying pauses, manipulating your voice and introducing silent seduction… stay tuned.
it always comes back to you and you only, it is in your hands, stop complaining and go out there, charm the world.
share the knowledge gentlemen,
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siaɪeɪ ˈtæmpərd wɪθ ˈsɛnɪt ˈpænəlz wərk, ˈfaɪnˌstin sɪz ˌɛnˈlɑrʤ ðɪs ˈɪmɪʤ ˈtɑgəl ˈkæpʃən mɑrk ˈɪmɪʤɪz mɑrk ˈɪmɪʤɪz ðə ˈsɛnɪts ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈoʊvərˌsaɪt ˈpænəl hæd ɪts kəmˈpjutərz sərʧt baɪ siaɪeɪ ˈwərkərz, hu ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪmˈprɑpərli riˈmuvd səm ˈdɑkjəmənts ðət hæd bɪn prəˈvaɪdɪd tɪ ðə ˈpænəl, sɛn. daɪæn ˈfaɪnˌstin sɛd ɪn ə ˈlɛŋθi ənd ˈskeɪðɪŋ spiʧ ɔn ðə ˈsɛnɪt flɔr ˈtuzˌdeɪ. ʃi sɛd səm əv ðə ˈækʃənz kʊd bi ˌɪˈligəl ər ˌənˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl. ðə kəmˈpjutərz ɪn kˈwɛʃən hæd bɪn prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ðə siaɪeɪ tɪ ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəˈmɪti, wɪʧ ˈfaɪnˌstin ʧɛrz, soʊ ɪt kʊd ˌrivˈju ˈθaʊzənz əv ðə ˈeɪʤənsiz ˈsikrɪt ˈdɑkjəmənts ɔn ə kloʊzd ˈnɛtˌwərk. ˈfaɪnˌstin, d-calif*., sɪz ðə siaɪeɪ ˈnɛvər æst ðə ˈpænəl haʊ ɪt əkˈwaɪərd ə ˈsɛnsɪtɪv ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈeɪʤənsi ˌrivˈju ðət wɑz əˈməŋ ðə ˈrɛkərdz. "ɪn pleɪs əv ˈæskɪŋ ˈɛni kˈwɛsʧənz, ðə əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd sərʧ əv ðə kəˈmɪti kəmˈpjutərz wɑz ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ən ˌæləˈgeɪʃən wɪʧ wi naʊ hæv sin rɪˈpitɪd əˈnɑnəməsli ɪn ðə prɛs ðət ðə kəˈmɪti stæf hæd ˈsəmˌhaʊ əbˈteɪnd ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt θru əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd ər ˈkrɪmənəl minz," ʃi sɛd. ɪn ə ˈsɛpərˌeɪt əˈpɪrəns ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən təˈdeɪ, siaɪeɪ dɪˈrɛktər ʤɑn ˈbrɛnən sɛd ðə ˈeɪʤənsi hæd nɑt hækt ˈɪntu ðə kəˈmɪtiz kəmˈpjutərz. "ˈnəθɪŋ kʊd bi ˈfərðər frəm ðə truθ," ˈbrɛnən sɛd æt ə ˈkaʊnsəl ɔn ˈfɔrən riˈleɪʃənz ɪˈvɛnt. "wi ˈwʊdənt du ðət. aɪ min, ðæts ʤɪst bɪɔnd ðə skoʊp əv ˈrizən." ˈbrɛnən ˈædɪd ðət ðɛr ər "əˈproʊpriˌeɪt əˈθɔrətiz" rivˈjuɪŋ ðə ˈɪnsədənt, kənˈsərnɪŋ boʊθ ðə siaɪeɪ ənd ˈəðər ˈeɪʤənsiz. "aɪ dɪˈfər tɪ ðɛm tɪ dɪˈtərmən ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ðɛr wɑz ˈɛni vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv lɔ ər ˈprɪnsəpəl." ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt, ˈfaɪnˌstin toʊld hər ˈkɑligz ðət ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ɪz "ə dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ˈmoʊmənt fər ɑr ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəˈmɪti." ʃi ˈædɪd ðət ʃiz ˈhoʊpɪŋ tɪ kəmˈplit ðə ˈpænəlz rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən ˈproʊˌgræm, pɑrts əv wɪʧ ʃi wɔnts dɪˈklæsəˌfaɪd. frəm ˈfɔrən ˈpɑləsi: "fər jɪrz, ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˈpænəl həz bɪn riˈsərʧɪŋ ənd ə peɪʤ rɪˈpɔrt ðæts sɛd tɪ bi ˈhaɪli ˈkrɪtɪkəl əv ðə ˈeɪʤənsiz ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən ˈpræktɪsɪz. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈrisərʧ ðə ˈproʊˌgræm, kəˈmɪti ˈstæfərz hæd tɪ juz kəmˈpjutərz prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ðə ˈeɪʤənsi ɪn ə siaɪeɪ fəˈsɪlɪti." ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz, ˈfaɪnˌstin sɪz, ðə siaɪeɪ ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd "ə tru ˈdɑkjəmɛnt dəmp" ðət ˈɪnənˌdeɪtɪd ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˈpænəl wɪθ ˈmɪljənz əv ˈpeɪʤɪz' wərθ əv ˈdɑkjəmənts, wɪˈθaʊt ən ˈɪndɛks ər ˈəðər minz əv ðɛm. ʃi sɛd ðə stæf æst ðə siaɪeɪ tɪ kriˈeɪt ə sərʧ tul, wɪʧ wɑz prəˈvaɪdɪd. roʊl kɔl həz səm əv ðə ˈrisənt ˈbækˌgraʊnd: "ˈdʊrɪŋ hər spiʧ, sɛn. daɪæn ˈfaɪnˌstin sɛd ʃi ˈlərnɪd ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri ðət ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈeɪʤənsi ˌɪmˈprɑpərli sərʧt kəˈmɪti kəmˈpjutər faɪlz, kənˈfərmɪŋ ˈsɛvərəl ˈmidiə rɪˈpɔrts. ʃi sɛd ðə ˈɪnsədənt həz bɪn rɪˈfərd tɪ ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈʤəstɪs fər ˈpɑsəbəl ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən. bət ˈfaɪnˌstin wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ raɪld baɪ ə ˈsɛpərˌeɪt rɪˈfərəl baɪ ðə siaɪeɪ tɪ ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈʤəstɪs səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ðə kəˈmɪti stæf hæd ˌɪmˈprɑpərli rɪˈsivd ˈklæsəˌfaɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən." ðə muv wɑz "ə pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈɛfərt tɪ ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt ðɪs stæf," ˈfaɪnˌstin sɛd, ˈæftər ˈriəˌlaɪzɪŋ ðə kəˈmɪti hæd əbˈteɪnd ə ˈvərʒən əv ðə ˈeɪʤənsiz ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˌrivˈju əv ɪts ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən ˈproʊˌgræm, noʊn ɛz ðə pəˈnɛtə ˌrivˈju. ðə siaɪeɪ simz tɪ hæv kəm tɪ ðət ˈriləˈzeɪʃən ˈæftər ˈfaɪnˌstin rɪkˈwɛstɪd ðə fʊl ənd kəmˈplit ˈvərʒən əv ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt, ˈrəðər ðən ðə ˌɪnkəmˈplit wən ðə ˈpænəl ɔˈrɛdi hæd. ˈfaɪnˌstin ˈɔlsoʊ sɪz ðə siaɪeɪ riˈmuvd ˈhənərdz əv ˈpeɪʤɪz əv ˈdɑkjəmənts frəm ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈdætəˌbeɪs ðət hæd bɪn kriˈeɪtɪd ˈəndər strɪkt rulz. ðeɪ wər riˈmuvd, ʃi sɛd, "ɪn vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv siaɪeɪ əˈgrimənts ənd waɪt haʊs əˈʃʊrəntsɪz ðət ðə siaɪeɪ wʊd sis səʧ ækˈtɪvɪtiz." æst əˈbaʊt ðə ˈsɛnətərz ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz təˈdeɪ, ˈbrɛnən sɛd, "wi ər nɑt ɪn ˈɛni weɪ, ʃeɪp ər fɔrm traɪɪŋ tɪ θwɔrt ðɪs rɪˈpɔrts prəˈgrɛʃən [ər] riˈlis." hi ˈleɪtər ˈædɪd, "wi wɔnt ðɪs bɪˈhaɪnd ˈjuˈɛs." hi ˈædɪd ðət hi hæd rɪˈfərd ðə ˈmætər tɪ ðə ˈeɪʤənsiz ˌɪnˈspɛktər ˈʤɛnərəl fər ˌrivˈju. "wɪn ðə fækts kəm aʊt ɔn ðɪs," ˈbrɛnən sɛd, "aɪ θɪŋk ə lɔt əv ˈpipəl hu ər ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðət ðɛr həz bɪn ðɪs trɪˈmɛndəs sɔrt əv spaɪɪŋ ənd ˈmɑnətərɪŋ, ənd ˈhækɪŋ, wɪl bi pruvd rɔŋ." ˌbiˈfɔr ˈlɔnʧɪŋ ˈɪntu hər ˈsɛnɪt spiʧ, wɪʧ ˈlæstɪd fər ˈnɪrli 40 ˈmɪnəts, ˈfaɪnˌstin dɪˈskraɪbd haʊ ʃi hæd rɪˈzɪstɪd ˈrisənt ˈmidiə rɪkˈwɛsts fər ˈɪntərvˌjuz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˈpænəlz klæʃ wɪθ ðə siaɪeɪ. "ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ əˈmaʊnt əv ˌɪˈnækjərət ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈsərkjəˌleɪtɪŋ naʊ ˈkænɑt bi əˈlaʊd tɪ stænd ˌəˈnænsərd," ʃi sɛd. ʃi ðɛn riˈvɪzətɪd ə ˈdɛkeɪdz wərθ əv ˈtɛnʃən bɪtˈwin ðə kəˈmɪti ənd ðə siaɪeɪ, ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðət ðɛr hæd bɪn ə gæp bɪtˈwin 2002 ənd 2006 ˌbiˈfɔr ˈɛni ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈpænəl ˈəðər ðən ɪts tu ˈlidərz wər ˌɪnˈfɔrmd əv ðə dɪˈtɛnʃən ənd ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən ˈproʊˌgræm. "ɪn fækt, wi wər brift baɪ dɪˈrɛktər ˈheɪdən ˈoʊnli aʊərz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈprɛzɪdənt bʊʃ dɪˈskloʊzd ðə ˈproʊˌgræm tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk," ˈfaɪnˌstin sɛd. ʃi ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈkɔld ðət ðə ˈeɪʤənsi hæd dɪˈstrɔɪd ˈvɪdioʊ ˈrɛkərdz əv ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃənz ðət hæd juzd "ɛnˈhænst tɛkˈniks." ðət ənd ˈəðər ˈɪnsədənts wər ˈmɛnʃənd ɛz ˈfɔrmɪŋ ə ˈpætərn əv əˈtɛmpts baɪ ðə siaɪeɪ tɪ ˈɑbfəˌskeɪt ˈditeɪlz əv ɪts ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən ənd dɪˈtɛnʃən ˈproʊˌgræm. hɪrz ən ɪkˈstɛndɪd ˈpæsɪʤ frəm ˈfaɪnˌstinz spiʧ təˈdeɪ: "ɪn ˈərli ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2014 ðə siaɪeɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ðə kəˈmɪti ɪt wʊd nɑt prəˈvaɪd ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl pəˈnɛtə ˌrivˈju tɪ ðə kəˈmɪti, ˈsaɪtɪŋ ðə dɪˈlɪbərˌeɪtɪv ˈneɪʧər əv ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt. "ˈʃɔrtli ðɛˈræftər, ɔn ʤæn. 15 2014 siaɪeɪ dɪˈrɛktər ˈbrɛnən rɪkˈwɛstɪd ən ˈimərʤənsi ˈmitɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm mi ənd vaɪs ˈʧɛrmən [rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈsæksbi] ˈʧæmblɪs ðət wɪˈθaʊt praɪər ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃən ər əˈpruvəl, siaɪeɪ ˌpərsəˈnɛl hæd kənˈdəktəd ə sərʧ ðət wɑz ʤɑn ˈbrɛnənz wərd əv ðə kəˈmɪti kəmˈpjutərz æt ðə fəˈsɪlɪti. "ðɪs sərʧ ˌɪnˈvɑlvd nɑt ˈoʊnli ə sərʧ əv ˈdɑkjəmənts prəˈvaɪdɪd... baɪ ðə siaɪeɪ bət ˈɔlsoʊ ə sərʧ əv ðə ənd kəˈmɪti ˈnɛtˌwərk draɪv, kənˈteɪnɪŋ ðə kəˈmɪtiz oʊn ˌɪnˈtərnəl wərk ˈprɑdəkt ənd kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz. "əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈbrɛnən, ðə kəmˈpjutər sərʧ wɑz kənˈdəktəd ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃənz ðət səm ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə kəˈmɪti stæf maɪt ɔˈrɛdi hæv hæd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl pəˈnɛtə ˌrivˈju. ðə siaɪeɪ dɪd nɑt æsk ðə kəˈmɪti ər ɪts stæf ɪf ðə kəˈmɪti hæd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˌrivˈju, ər haʊ wi əbˈteɪnd ɪt. "ˌɪnˈstɛd, ðə siaɪeɪ ʤɪst wɛnt ənd sərʧt ðə kəˈmɪtiz kəmˈpjutərz. ðə siaɪeɪ həz stɪl nɑt æst ðə kəˈmɪti ˈɛni kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt haʊ ðə kəˈmɪti əkˈwaɪərd ðə pəˈnɛtə ˌrivˈju. ɪn pleɪs əv ˈæskɪŋ ˈɛni kˈwɛsʧənz, ðə əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd sərʧ əv ðə kəˈmɪti kəmˈpjutərz wɑz ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ən ˌæləˈgeɪʃən wɪʧ wi naʊ hæv sin rɪˈpitɪd əˈnɑnəməsli ɪn ðə prɛs ðət ðə kəˈmɪti stæf hæd ˈsəmˌhaʊ əbˈteɪnd ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt θru əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd ər ˈkrɪmənəl minz, pərˈhæps tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ˈhækɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə kəmˈpjutər ˈnɛtˌwərk." "ðɪs ɪz nɑt tru," ˈfaɪnˌstin sɛd. "ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt wɑz meɪd əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ðə stæf æt ðə fəˈsɪlɪti, ənd ɪt wɑz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ˈjuzɪŋ ə sərʧ tul."
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cia tampered with senate panel's work, feinstein says
enlarge this image toggle caption mark wilson/getty images mark wilson/getty images
the senate's intelligence oversight panel had its computers searched by cia workers, who also improperly removed some documents that had been provided to the panel, sen. dianne feinstein said in a lengthy and scathing speech on the senate floor tuesday. she said some of the actions could be illegal or unconstitutional.
the computers in question had been provided by the cia to the senate intelligence committee, which feinstein chairs, so it could review thousands of the agency's secret documents on a closed network.
feinstein, d-calif., says the cia never asked the panel how it acquired a sensitive internal agency review that was among the records.
"in place of asking any questions, the cia's unauthorized search of the committee computers was followed by an allegation — which we now have seen repeated anonymously in the press — that the committee staff had somehow obtained the document through unauthorized or criminal means," she said.
in a separate appearance in washington today, cia director john brennan said the agency had not hacked into the committee's computers.
"nothing could be further from the truth," brennan said at a council on foreign relations event. "we wouldn't do that. i mean, that's just beyond the scope of reason."
brennan added that there are "appropriate authorities" reviewing the incident, concerning both the cia and other agencies.
"i defer to them to determine whether or not there was any violation of law or principle."
in the senate, feinstein told her colleagues that the situation is "a defining moment for our intelligence committee." she added that she's hoping to complete the panel's long-in-coming report on the cia's interrogation program, parts of which she wants declassified.
from foreign policy:
"for years, the senate panel has been researching and fine-tuning a 6,300 page report that's said to be highly critical of the agency's interrogation practices. in order to research the program, committee staffers had to use computers provided by the agency in a cia facility."
in recent years, feinstein says, the cia executed "a true document dump" that inundated the senate panel with millions of pages' worth of documents, without an index or other means of collating them. she said the staff asked the cia to create a search tool, which was provided.
roll call has some of the recent background:
"during her speech, sen. dianne feinstein said she learned in january that the central intelligence agency improperly searched committee computer files, confirming several media reports. she said the incident has been referred to the department of justice for possible prosecution. but feinstein was also riled by a separate referral by the cia to the department of justice suggesting that the committee staff had improperly received classified information."
the cia's move was "a potential effort to intimidate this staff," feinstein said, after realizing the committee had obtained a version of the agency's internal review of its interrogation program, known as the panetta review. the cia seems to have come to that realization after feinstein requested the full and complete version of the document, rather than the incomplete one the panel already had.
feinstein also says the cia removed hundreds of pages of documents from a special database that had been created under strict rules. they were removed, she said, "in violation of cia agreements and white house assurances that the cia would cease such activities."
asked about the senator's allegations today, brennan said, "we are not in any way, shape or form trying to thwart this report's progression [or] release." he later added, "we want this behind us."
he added that he had referred the matter to the agency's inspector general for review.
"when the facts come out on this," brennan said, "i think a lot of people who are claiming that there has been this tremendous sort of spying and monitoring, and hacking, will be proved wrong."
before launching into her senate speech, which lasted for nearly 40 minutes, feinstein described how she had resisted recent media requests for interviews about the senate panel's clash with the cia.
"however, the increasing amount of inaccurate information circulating now cannot be allowed to stand unanswered," she said.
she then revisited a decade's worth of tension between the committee and the cia, noting that there had been a gap between 2002 and 2006 before any members of the panel other than its two leaders were informed of the cia's detention and interrogation program.
"in fact, we were briefed by then-cia director hayden only hours before president bush disclosed the program to the public," feinstein said. she also recalled that the agency had destroyed video records of interrogations that had used "enhanced techniques."
that and other incidents were mentioned as forming a pattern of attempts by the cia to obfuscate details of its interrogation and detention program.
here's an extended passage from feinstein's speech today:
"in early january 2014, the cia informed the committee it would not provide the internal panetta review to the committee, citing the deliberative nature of the document. "shortly thereafter, on jan. 15, 2014, cia director brennan requested an emergency meeting to inform me and vice chairman [rep. saxby] chambliss that without prior notification or approval, cia personnel had conducted a search — that was john brennan's word — of the committee computers at the offsite facility. "this search involved not only a search of documents provided... by the cia but also a search of the stand-alone and walled-off committee network drive, containing the committee's own internal work product and communications. "according to brennan, the computer search was conducted in response to indications that some members of the committee staff might already have had access to the internal panetta review. the cia did not ask the committee or its staff if the committee had access to the internal review, or how we obtained it. "instead, the cia just went and searched the committee's computers. the cia has still not asked the committee any questions about how the committee acquired the panetta review. in place of asking any questions, the cia's unauthorized search of the committee computers was followed by an allegation — which we now have seen repeated anonymously in the press — that the committee staff had somehow obtained the document through unauthorized or criminal means, perhaps to include hacking into the cia's computer network."
"this is not true," feinstein said. "the document was made available to the staff at the off-site facility, and it was located using a cia-provided search tool."
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ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ˈsɪvəl soʊˈsaɪɪti ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz laɪk ðə fsf*, ðə wɑz saɪnd baɪ səm əv ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɪn ðə wərld, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈvɛntərz əv ˈmɛni əv ðə ki tɛkˈnɑləʤiz bɪˈhaɪnd ˈmɑdərn ɛnˈkrɪpʃən. ðə ˈlɛtər ɪz ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈrisənt rɪkˈwɛsts frəm ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈfɛdərəl ˈbjʊroʊ əv ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən (ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ) ənd ˈəðər ˈeɪʤənsiz fər lɔz rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ðət ˈbækˌdɔrz ənd əˈtæk ˈvɛktərz bi bɪlt ˈɪntu ˈɛni ɪnˈkrɪptɪd ˈsɪstəm meɪd baɪ ˈjuˈɛs ˈkəmpəˌniz. ðiz ˈbækˌdɔrz wʊd bi ˈspɛʃəli kriˈeɪtɪd tɪ əˈlaʊ lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt tɪ snup ɔn ðə ˈpərsɪnəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əv ðə ˈkəmpəniz ˈkəstəmərz. ˈivɪn ɪf ju trəst ðə ˈgəvərnmənt nɑt tɪ mɪsˈjuz jʊr ˈpərsɪnəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ðɪs ɪz ˈvɛri ˈrɪski; ˈɛni ˈbækˌdɔr kriˈeɪtɪd fər ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɪl sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˈwikən ˈsɔfˌwɛr əˈgɛnst ˈəðər əˈtæks ɛz wɛl. waɪl fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈædvəˌkeɪts meɪ nɑt ɔl əˈgri ɔn ðə ˈditeɪlz əv haʊ ˈnɛroʊ ˈgəvərnmənt sərˈveɪləns məst bi tɪ kip ˈsɪvəl ˈlɪbərˌtiz ˌɪnˈtækt, wi məst drɔ ə laɪn æt sərˈveɪləns ðət prɪˈvɛnts ˈifɛktɪv ɔn ˈkɔrpərət ənd ˈgəvərnmənt ˌmɪsbəˈheɪvjər. ˈmændəˌtɔri ˈbækˌdɔrz wʊd ˈdɛfənətli du ðət. ˈwɪsəlˌbloʊərz ɪgˈzɪst ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə məst bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ɪkˈspoʊz (ɛz ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl ɪgˈzæmpəlz) ˌɪnəˈproʊpriɪt ˈɪnfluəns baɪ ˈæpəl ɔn ˈjuˈɛs ˈkɑŋgrəˌspipəl, ər ˈsikrɪt ˈpætənt ˌɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən baɪ ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft əˈgɛnst fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr dɪˈstrɪbjətərz. wɪˈθaʊt strɔŋ ɛnˈkrɪpʃən, səʧ ˈsɔrsəz wɪl noʊ ðət ðɛr aɪˈdɛntəˌti kən bi ˈizəli dɪˈskəvərd, prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ə ˈsɪriəs dɪˈtərrənt əˈgɛnst duɪŋ ðə raɪt θɪŋ. əˈnəðər ˌənækˈsɛptəbəl rɪˈzəlt əv ˈbækˌdɔrz ɪz ðət ðeɪ wʊd ˈifɛktɪvli meɪk ɪt ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl fər ˈjuˈɛs ˈkəmpəˌniz tɪ juz fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr ɛnˈkrɪpʃən ɪn ˈsɪstəmz ðət ˈhændəl ˈkəstəmərz' ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ðə lɔz rikˈwaɪərɪŋ spɪˈsɪfɪk wʊd prɪˈvɛnt boʊθ ˈkəmpəˌniz ənd ˈjuzərz frəm ˈɛksərˌsaɪzɪŋ ˈfridəm 1 əv ðə fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən, ðə ˈfridəm tɪ ˈstədi haʊ ə ˈproʊˌgræm wərks ənd ʧeɪnʤ ɪt soʊ ɪt dɪz jʊr kəmˈpjutɪŋ ɛz ju wɪʃ. wi ər ˈstrɔŋli əˈpoʊzd tɪ ˈbækˌdɔrz ənd ər səˈpɔrtɪv əv ðɪs ˌɪnˈtɛnt, bət wi saɪnd ɪt wɪθ səm ˌtrɛpɪˈdeɪʃən. ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz ðə ˈoʊnli ril ˈvɪktəri ɪn kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ɑr ˈsɔfˌwɛr laɪz nɑt ɪn pəˈtɪʃənɪŋ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt, bət ɪn ˈmuvɪŋ əˈweɪ frəm prəˈpraɪəˌtɛri ˈsɔfˌwɛr. fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr kən bi məʧ mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt fər ˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ˈgəvərnmənt ər kənˈtroʊl, bɪˈkəz ˈɛni ˈbækˌdɔrz ər ˈəðər ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪtiz ˈædɪd tɪ ə ˈgɪvɪn ˈvərʒən kən bi rɪˈvərst ɪn əˈnəðər ˈvərʒən ənd sprɛd tɪ ˈɛvriˌwən ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈproʊˌgræm (aɪ roʊt mɔr əˈbaʊt ðɪs rɪˈzɪljəns ɪn ə 2013 ˈɑrtɪkəl, haʊ kən fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr prəˈtɛkt ˈjuˈɛs frəm sərˈveɪləns?). ˈkɑnvərsli, prəˈpraɪəˌtɛri ˈsɔfˌwɛr ɪz ˈnɛvər ˌgɛrənˈtid tɪ sərv ɑr ɪf wi ər əˈʃʊrd baɪ ðə dɪˈvɛləpərz əv ðə ˈsɔfˌwɛr ðət ðeɪ hæv nɑt bɪlt ɪn ə ˈbækˌdɔr, wi kænt ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðɪs bɪˈkəz wi kænt si ðə sɔrs koʊd. lɛts kip ˈprɛʃərɪŋ ɑr ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ rɪˈzɪst ˈɛni rɪkˈwaɪrmənt tɪ dɪˈlɪbərətli ˌɪnˈstɔl ˈbækˌdɔrz ɪn ɑr ˈsɔfˌwɛr, bət nɑt pʊt ɔl ɑr ɛgz ɪn ðət ˈbæskət: tɪ ˈrɪli hæv ˈfridəm ənd sɪˈkjʊrəti, wi nid tɪ juz ɑr oʊn səˈluʃənz ðət wi kənˈtroʊl, frəm ðə sɔrs koʊd əp. ə vərˈaɪəti əv səʧ fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr, ɪnˈkrɪptɪd kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən tulz ɔˈrɛdi ɪgˈzɪst. ˈsɪstəmz laɪk (lərn haʊ tɪ juz ɪt hir), openssl*, ənd ðə rɛst ɪn ðə fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr ɛnˈkrɪpʃən ˈkætəˌgɔri ər ˈizəli əˈveɪləbəl ənd nu wənz ər biɪŋ kriˈeɪtɪd ˈɛvəri deɪ tɪ mit ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ nidz. ðɛr ər ˈivɪn nu, fri software-based*, dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd, ˈsɪstəmz ðət wi hoʊp wɪl ˈsəmˌdeɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ðə ˈmæsɪv riˈstrɪktɪv ˈkɔrpərət ˈsɪstəmz ðət ˈgəvərnmənt ˈeɪʤənsiz soʊ ˈdɛspərətli wɔnt kəmˈplit ˈækˌsɛs tɪ. ɪf wɪr səkˈsɛsfəl, wɪl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli riʧ ə pɔɪnt wɛr wi woʊnt nid tɪ pəˈtɪʃən ˈlidərz tɪ prəˈtɛkt ɑr ˈpraɪvəsi ɪn ðɪs ˈɛriə, bɪˈkəz wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ prəˈtɛkt ɪt ɑrˈsɛlvz. *ðə ˈlɛtər ˈjuzɪz ðə tərm "fri ənd ˈoʊpən sɔrs," bət ðə tərm "ˈoʊpən sɔrs" ˈmɪsɪz ðə pɔɪnt əv fri ˈsɔfˌwɛr. rɛd mɔr əˈbaʊt ðə tu tərmz ɔn gnu.org*.
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in addition to civil society organizations like the fsf, the letter* was signed by some of the most important cryptologists in the world, including the inventors of many of the key technologies behind modern encryption.
the letter is a response to recent requests from the us federal bureau of investigation (fbi) and other agencies for laws requiring that backdoors and attack vectors be built into any encrypted system made by us companies. these backdoors would be specially created to allow law enforcement to snoop on the personal information of the company's customers. even if you trust the government not to misuse your personal information, this is very risky; any backdoor created for the government will significantly weaken software against other attacks as well.
while free software advocates may not all agree on the details of how narrow government surveillance must be to keep civil liberties intact, we must draw a line at surveillance that prevents effective whistleblowing on corporate and government misbehavior. mandatory backdoors would definitely do that. whistleblowers exist outside the nsa—people must be able to expose (as hypothetical examples) inappropriate influence by apple on us congresspeople, or secret patent intimidation by microsoft against free software distributors. without strong encryption, such sources will know that their identity can be easily discovered, providing a serious deterrent against doing the right thing.
another unacceptable result of government-mandated backdoors is that they would effectively make it impossible for us companies to use free software encryption in systems that handle customers' information. the laws requiring specific unmodifiable anti-features would prevent both companies and users from exercising freedom 1 of the free software definition, the freedom to study how a program works and change it so it does your computing as you wish.
we are strongly opposed to government-mandated backdoors and are supportive of this letter's intent, but we signed it with some trepidation. this is because the only real victory in control over our software lies not in petitioning the government, but in moving away from proprietary software. free software can be much more difficult for centralized entities—either government or corporate—to control, because any backdoors or other vulnerabilities added to a given version can be reversed in another version and spread to everyone using the program (i wrote more about this resilience in a 2013 article, how can free software protect us from surveillance?). conversely, proprietary software is never guaranteed to serve our interests—even if we are assured by the developers of the software that they have not built in a backdoor, we can't verify this because we can't see the source code.
let's keep pressuring our government to resist any requirement to deliberately install backdoors in our software, but not put all our eggs in that basket: to really have freedom and security, we need to use our own solutions that we control, from the source code up. a variety of such free software, encrypted communication tools already exist. systems like gnupg (learn how to use it here), openssl, and the rest in the free software directory's encryption category are easily available and new ones are being created every day to meet changing needs. there are even new, free software-based, decentralized, surveillance-resistant systems that we hope will someday replace the massive restrictive corporate systems that government agencies so desperately want complete access to. if we're successful, we'll eventually reach a point where we won't need to petition leaders to protect our privacy in this area, because we'll be able to protect it ourselves.
*the letter uses the term "free and open source," but the term "open source" misses the point of free software. read more about the two terms on gnu.org.
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ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən deɪt 1717 ˈpəblɪʃər ˈləndən ˈprɪnɪd fər ʤɑn ˈfɪlɪps ənd soʊld baɪ ʤeɪ. ˈbrəðərtən æt ðə blæk bʊl ɪn ənd ʤeɪ. ˈrɑbərts æt ðə ɪn ˈdɪʤəˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈspɑnsər ɑnˈtɛrioʊ ˈkaʊnsəl əv ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz ənd ˈmɛmbər ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz kənˈtrɪbjətər kwinz ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈlaɪbrɛˌri, w.d*. ˈʤɔrdən ˈspɛʃəl kəˈlɛkʃənz ənd mˈjuzɪk ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈɔθərˌʃɪp: ˈmɔrgən, saɪnd ənd ˈdeɪtɪd: patricola*, ˈləndən, ʤæn. 1 ˈænsərd baɪ: rɪˈmɑrks ɔn ðə steɪt əˈnætəmi əv greɪt ˈbrɪtən /ˈrɪʧərd fiddes*. ˈləndən, 1717 kənˈtɪnjud baɪ: ðə ˈsɛkənd pɑrt əv ðə steɪt əˈnætəmi, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. /ʤɑn ˈtoʊlənd. ˈləndən, 1717 ˌɪnˈkludz ˈfʊtˌnoʊts kɔl ˈnəmbər ˈkæmərə ˈkænən aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪər ˈpeɪʤɪz 124 400 20090525151910 ˈskænər fʊl ˈkætəlɔg ˈrɛkərd
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publication date 1717
publisher london : printed for john philips and sold by j. brotherton at the black bull in cornhill and j. roberts at the oxford-arms in warwick-lane
digitizing sponsor ontario council of university libraries and member libraries
contributor queen's university library, w.d. jordan special collections and music library
language english
authorship: morgan, nuc
signed and dated: patricola, london, jan. 1, 1716-17
answered by: remarks on the state anatomy of great britain /richard fiddes. london, 1717
continued by: the second part of the state anatomy, etc. /john toland. london, 1717
includes bibliographical footnotes
call number ac911.1717 .t64 camera canon 5d identifier stateanatomyofgr00tolauoft identifier-ark ark:/13960/t2k64wb3w ocr abbyy finereader 8.0 openlibrary_edition ol23339878m openlibrary_work ol806658w page-progression lr pages 124 ppi 400 scandate 20090525151910 scanner scribe12.toronto.archive.org scanningcenter uoft
full catalog record marcxml
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ˈsuɪˌsaɪd ɪz nu ˈsaɪlənt ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk. ðə ˈkəntri həz ðə haɪəst juθ ˈsuɪˌsaɪd reɪts ɪn ðə dɪˈvɛləpt wərld ənd səm ˈpipəl wɔnt tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ɪt 606 pɛrz əv ˈɛmti ʃuz: ðə groʊɪŋ toʊl əv ˈsuɪˌsaɪd ɪn nu ˈzilənd ɪt həz bɪn ʤɪst ˈoʊvər ə jɪr sɪns ˈʤɔrʤə daɪd, wɪn laɪf səˈpɔrt wɑz tərnd ɔf æt ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl wɛr ʃi wɑz ˈteɪkən. ˈʤɔrʤə hæd bɪn faʊnd ˌənˈkɑnʃəs ɪn ðə gərɑʒ əv hər hoʊm ɪn ɪn nu nɔrθ ˈaɪlənd. ə prist ənd ə ˈdɔktər hæd bɪn ˈsaɪkəlɪŋ pæst wɪn ðeɪ ˈnoʊtɪst ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈmɪs. əˈnəðər ˈkəpəl pleɪɪŋ goʊ rəʃt tɪ hɛlp. ɪn ɔl əp tɪ 10 ˈpipəl ˈskræmbəld tɪ rɪˈvaɪv ðə 19-year-old*. bət ʃi hæd plænd tɪ daɪ. 'wi hæv tɪ stɑrt ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt': nu ˈzilənd ˈsuɪˌsaɪd reɪts hɪt ˈrɛkərd haɪ rɛd mɔr fər ˈməðər, ˈsuzi ˈteɪlər, hər ˈsuɪˌsaɪd həz bɪn laɪk ˈtɔrʧər. laɪk ʃi daɪd 365 taɪmz. ˈɛvəri taɪm aɪ weɪk əp fɔrst tɪ lɪv ɪn ðɪs wərld. noʊ pɪl aɪ kən teɪk, ˈnəθɪŋ aɪ kən drɪŋk, noʊ pleɪs ðət aɪ kən goʊ tɪ, noʊ ˈpərsən ðət aɪ kən si ðət ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ meɪk ðɪs ˈɛni ˈdɪfərənt ə laɪf sentence.”*.” ˈteɪlər həz noʊn ðə grif əv ˈsuɪˌsaɪd ˌbiˈfɔr. hər ˈhəzbənd tʊk hɪz oʊn laɪf ɪn 1995 soʊ dɪd hər bɛst frɛnd ɪn 2001 ˈsuɪˌsaɪd ɪz nu ˈsaɪlənt ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk. ðə ˈkəntri həz ðə haɪəst juθ ˈsuɪˌsaɪd reɪts ɪn ðə dɪˈvɛləpt wərld faɪv taɪmz ðət əv ˈbrɪtən ənd twaɪs ɛz haɪ ɛz ɔˈstreɪljə. ˈleɪtəst ˈfɪgjərz riˈlist ðɪs wik ʃoʊ mɔr nu ˈziləndərz ər ˈteɪkɪŋ ðɛr lɪvz ðən ˈɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr. ðə ˈnəmbər əv dɛθs həz ˈrɪzən fər θri jɪrz ɪn ə roʊ tɪ 606 ɪn ðə jɪr ˈɛndɪŋ 30 ʤun, frəm 579 ðə ˈpriviəs jɪr. fər səʧ ə ˈkraɪsəs ðə rɪˈspɑns həz ˈgɑrnərd ˈlɪtəl əˈtɛnʃən, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ səm hu ər ˈpʊʃɪŋ fər ðɪs ˈnæʃənəl ˈtræʤədi tɪ bi əˈdrɛst hɛd ɔn. ɪn ˈərli ˈɔgəst, θri bərˈivd ˈməðərz, hu ɔl lɔst ˈʧɪldrən ˈeɪʤɪd ˈəndər 25 sɛnt ə ˈlɛtər tɪ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrtiz ɔn bɪˈhæf əv 200 ˈəðər bərˈivd ˈfæməliz, ˈæskɪŋ fər sɪks θɪŋz: ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ˈɪntu ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ; rɪˈstɔrɪŋ £1.3bn/au$2bn*) ɪn hɛlθ ˈfəndɪŋ; ˈsɛtɪŋ ə ˈsuɪˌsaɪd rɪˈdəkʃən ˈtərgət; ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˈpraɪˌmɛri hɛlθ ənd ˈfəndɪŋ; kəˈmɪtɪŋ tɪ seɪf ˈstæfɪŋ; ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈɛvəri hoʊm ˈhɛlθi. ˈfæməliz hu hæv lɔst ləvd wənz tɪ ˈsuɪˌsaɪd, wi noʊ ə bɪt əˈbaʊt kərɪʤ. hæd tɪ æsk ɑrˈsɛlvz ˈdɪfəkəlt, ənˈkəmfərtəbəl questions,”*,” ðeɪ roʊt. nid ju tɪ hæv kərɪʤ tu. wi nid ju tɪ æsk ˈdɪfəkəlt kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ ˈsɪstəm. nid ðə kərɪʤ tɪ pʊt əˈsaɪd ˈpɑləˌtɪks ənd du wət ɪz raɪt fər ˈɛvəri kiwi.”*.” ˈfeɪsˌbʊk tˈwɪtər ðə 606 pɛrz əv ʃuz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt iʧ ˈpərsən lɔst ɪn ðə læst jɪr tɪ ˈsuɪˌsaɪd ɪn nu ˈzilənd. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf: mid ˈɪmɪʤɪz səˈpɔrt ɪz naʊ ˈmaʊntɪŋ fər ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ ˈsuɪˌsaɪd rɪˈdəkʃən ˈstrætəʤiz. ˈleɪbər səˈpɔrts ə rɪˈdəkʃən ˈtərgət ənd nu ˈlidər ʤəˈsɪndə riˈmaɪndɪd ˈθaʊzənz æt hər ɪˈlɛkʃən kæmˈpeɪn lɔnʧ ðət ˈɛvəri nu ˈziləndər nu ˈsəmˌwən əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ ˈprɑbləmz ər ˈsuɪˌsaɪd. aɪ æst ə rum fʊl əv jəŋ ˈpipəl ɪf ðeɪ dɪd, ənd ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl hænd ɪn ðət rum wɑz ˈlɪftɪd ˈɪntu ðə ɛr. ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl one,”*,” ʃi sɛd. ðɛr ɪz ə lɔt əv tɔk əˈbaʊt ˈtɑrgəts, aɪ noʊ aɪ wɪl ˈnɛvər bi ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd soʊ lɔŋ ɛz ðɛr ɪz ˈivɪn wən laɪf lost.”*.” ˈleɪbər sɪz ɪt wɪl ˌɪnˈʤɛkt ˈɪntu hɛlθ ˈfəndɪŋ ənd ˌrivˈju ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ ˈsərvɪsɪz ɪn ɪts fərst 100 deɪz ɪf ɪˈlɛktɪd. waɪl ðə ˈgəvərnɪŋ ˈnæʃənəl ˈpɑrti həz bɪn əˈkjuzd əv ˈdrægɪŋ ɪts hilz ɔn səˈpɔrtɪŋ ə ˈsuɪˌsaɪd rɪˈdəkʃən goʊl, hɛlθ ˈmɪnɪstər ˈʤɑnəθən ˈkoʊlmən seɪɪŋ hi ɪz advice”*”. ən ˈɛkspərt ˈpænəl wɑz ɪˈstæblɪʃt tɪ ədˈvaɪz ðə ˈmɪnɪstri əv hɛlθ ɔn weɪz tɪ rɪˈdus ðə ˈsuɪˌsaɪd reɪt. ɪt ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ə rɪˈdəkʃən ˈtərgət ɛz ki tɪ ðə nu ˈsuɪˌsaɪd priˈvɛnʃən ˈstrætəʤi. ˈkɑrənt ˈgəvərnmənt ˈspɛndɪŋ ɔn ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ ɪz nɑt ˈkipɪŋ əp wɪθ dɪˈmænd, ɪˈkɑnəmɪsts seɪ. bət ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl sfɪr, nu ˈziləndərz ər ˈbætəlɪŋ ˈoʊvər haʊ tɪ ˈtækəl ðə ˈɪʃu. səm seɪ ˈʧɪldrən ʃʊd nɑt bi ɪkˈspoʊzd tɪ tɔk əv ˈsuɪˌsaɪd, waɪl ˈəðərz seɪ ɪt ɪz prɪˈsaɪsli wət nidz tɪ ˈhæpən tɪ ˈtækəl ˈstəbərn ˈsuɪˌsaɪd reɪts. ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ kruˈseɪdər ənd kəˈmidiən maɪk kɪŋ spiks tɪ skulz əˈkrɔs nu ˈzilənd əˈbaʊt ˈsuɪˌsaɪd reɪts. bət ˈrisəntli hi wɑz prɪˈvɛnɪd frəm goʊɪŋ ˈɪntu θri saʊθ ˈaɪlənd skulz, ɛz pɑrt əv ə plænd tʊr, ɔn ədˈvaɪs frəm ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt hɛlθ bɔrd ˈsuɪˌsaɪd priˈvɛnʃən co-ordinator*, əˈnɛt. həz rɪˈpitɪdli dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ˈkɑmɛnt tɪ ˈmidiə, bət rɪˈpɔrtədli toʊld skulz tɔks wər ““dangerous”*” tɪ ˈʧɪldrən. kɪŋ ˈɑrgjuz ðət vˈjuˌpɔɪnt ɪz ““misinformed”*”. ˈsæmərə rɛd, ə hu həz lɔst θri əv hər ˈtiˌneɪʤ frɛndz tɪ ˈsuɪˌsaɪd, ənd həz dɪˈprɛʃən hərˈsɛlf, bɪˈlivz ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ ˈfɔrwərd ɪz tɪ tɔk ˈoʊpənli ənd tɪ gɪv jəŋ ˈpipəl ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ hoʊp fər ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər. ʃi kɔld ɔn praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər bɪl ˈɪŋlɪʃ tɪ pʊt hɪmˈsɛlf ɪn hər pleɪs. ju wɔk ɪn maɪ ʃuz fər ə mənθ ənd meɪk əˈnəðər decision,”*,” ʃi ərʤd ˈɪŋlɪʃ wɪn ʃi əˈdrɛst ə ˈgæðərɪŋ əv ðə ʃu ˈprɑʤɛkt. ˈpɔɪzən ɑr ˈlɪvərz ˈgɪtɪŋ drəŋk traɪɪŋ tɪ faɪnd səm ˈhilɪŋ, ənd goʊ tɪ ɑr friends’*’ greɪvz tɪ cry.”*.” ðɪs wik, ˈsuzi ˈteɪlər stʊd ˈhoʊldɪŋ ə pɛr əv waɪt ˈsændəlz æt ə ˈgæðərɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈleɪkˌfrənt ɪn. ðoʊz ʃuz wər əˈməŋ 606 pɛrz əv hilz, buts, ˈtreɪnərz ənd ˈsændəlz leɪd aʊt ˈstɑrkli ɪn roʊz tɪ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ðə ˈænjuəl ˈsuɪˌsaɪd toʊl. hər ˈdɔtər ˈʤɔrʤə fərst traɪd tɪ teɪk hər laɪf ɔn mothers’*’ deɪ ɪn 2016 ˈoʊnli ˈiˌmoʊʃən aɪ sɔ ɔn hər feɪs wɑz ðət ʃi mɛnt tɪ die,”*,” ˈteɪlər sɪz. ˈʤɔrʤə hæd bɪn ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst wɪθ dɪˈprɛʃən θri jɪrz ˈərliər ɪn ˈdunədɪn, ɪn saʊθ ˈaɪlənd, ənd hæd bɪn priˈskraɪbd ˌænˌtidɪˈprɛsənts ənd ˈtritɪd baɪ ə ˈkaʊnsələr. ˈteɪlər sɪz hər ˈdɔtər hæd meɪd ˈprɑˌgrɛs ənd bɪˈlivz θɪŋz hæd bɪn ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈbraɪtər. bət ʃi sɪz ðə ˈkəntri nidz ə ˈweɪˌkəp kɔl: ðət ðə weɪ ˈpipəl ɪn nu ˈzilənd ər ˈtritɪd wɪn ðeɪ traɪ tɪ teɪk ðɛr lɪvz həz nɑt ʧeɪnʤd ɪn ðə 22 jɪrz sɪns hər ˈhəzbənd daɪd frəm ˈsuɪˌsaɪd. nidz tɪ bi tɔkt əˈbaʊt. ɑr jəŋ ˈpipəl nid tɪ hæv ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ lʊk ˈfɔrwərd to.”*.” ðə ʃu ˈprɑʤɛkt ɪz səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ðə hɛlθ ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ənd ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən, nu hɛlθ ˈjunjən. ˈlaɪˌflaɪn kən bi riʧt ɪn nu ˈzilənd ɔn 0508 828 865 ɪn ðə uk*, ðə səˈmɛrɪtənz kən bi ˈkɑnˌtæktɪd ɔn 116 123 ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs, ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈsuɪˌsaɪd priˈvɛnʃən ˈhɑˌtlaɪn ɪz ɪn ɔˈstreɪljə, ðə ˈkraɪsəs səˈpɔrt ˈsərvɪs ˈlaɪˌflaɪn ɪz ɔn 13 11 14 ˈhɑˌtlaɪnz ɪn ˈəðər ˈkəntriz kən bi faʊnd hir.
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suicide is new zealand’s silent epidemic. the country has the highest youth suicide rates in the developed world and some people want to talk about it
606 pairs of empty shoes: the growing toll of suicide in new zealand
it has been just over a year since georgia macbeath died, when life support was turned off at the hospital where she was taken.
georgia had been found unconscious in the garage of her home in rotorua in new zealand’s north island.
a priest and a doctor had been cycling past when they noticed something amiss. another couple playing pokémon go rushed to help. in all up to 10 people scrambled to revive the 19-year-old. but she had planned to die.
'we have to start talking about it': new zealand suicide rates hit record high read more
for georgia’s mother, suzy taylor, her daughter’s suicide has been like torture.
“it’s like she died 365 times. every time i wake up i’m forced to live in this world. there’s no pill i can take, nothing i can drink, no place that i can go to, no person that i can see that is going to make this any different it’s a life sentence.”
taylor has known the grief of suicide before. her husband took his own life in 1995; so did her best friend in 2001.
suicide is new zealand’s silent epidemic. the country has the highest youth suicide rates in the developed world five times that of britain and twice as high as australia.
latest figures released this week show more new zealanders are taking their lives than ever before. the number of deaths has risen for three years in a row to 606 in the year ending 30 june, from 579 the previous year.
for such a crisis the response has garnered little attention, according to some who are pushing for this national tragedy to be addressed head on.
in early august, three bereaved mothers, who all lost children aged under 25, sent a letter to political parties on behalf of 200 other bereaved families, asking for six things: an independent inquiry into mental health; restoring nz$2.3bn (£1.3bn/au$2bn) in health funding; setting a suicide reduction target; increasing primary health and gp funding; committing to safe staffing; and making every home healthy.
“as families who have lost loved ones to suicide, we know a bit about courage. we’ve had to ask ourselves difficult, uncomfortable questions,” they wrote.
“we need you to have courage too. we need you to ask difficult questions about our mental health system. you’ll need the courage to put aside politics and do what is right for every kiwi.”
facebook twitter pinterest the 606 pairs of shoes represent each person lost in the last year to suicide in new zealand. photograph: mead norton/getty images
cross-party support is now mounting for introducing suicide reduction strategies.
labour supports a reduction target and new leader jacinda ardern reminded thousands at her election campaign launch that every new zealander knew someone affected by mental health problems or suicide.
“yesterday i asked a room full of young people if they did, and every single hand in that room was lifted into the air. every single one,” she said. “while there is a lot of talk about targets, i know i will never be satisfied so long as there is even one life lost.”
labour says it will inject $8bn into health funding and review mental health services in its first 100 days if elected.
while the governing national party has been accused of dragging its heels on supporting a suicide reduction goal, health minister jonathan coleman saying he is “seeking advice”.
an expert panel was established to advise the ministry of health on ways to reduce the suicide rate. it recommended a reduction target as key to the ministry’s new suicide prevention strategy.
current government spending on mental health is not keeping up with demand, economists say. but outside the political sphere, new zealanders are battling over how to tackle the issue.
some say children should not be exposed to talk of suicide, while others say it is precisely what needs to happen to tackle stubborn suicide rates.
mental health crusader and comedian mike king speaks to schools across new zealand about suicide rates. but recently he was prevented from going into three south island schools, as part of a planned eight-school tour, on advice from the district health board suicide prevention co-ordinator, annette beautrais.
beautrais has repeatedly declined to comment to media, but reportedly told schools king’s talks were “dangerous” to children. king argues that viewpoint is “misinformed”.
samara read, a 16-year-old who has lost three of her teenage friends to suicide, and has depression herself, believes the only way forward is to talk openly and to give young people something to hope for in the future.
she called on prime minister bill english to put himself in her place. “can you walk in my shoes for a month and make another decision,” she urged english when she addressed a gathering of the shoe project.
“we poison our livers getting drunk trying to find some healing, and go to our friends’ graves to cry.”
this week, suzy taylor stood holding a pair of georgia’s white sandals at a gathering on the lakefront in rotorua. those shoes were among 606 pairs of heels, boots, trainers and sandals laid out starkly in rows to represent the annual suicide toll.
her daughter georgia first tried to take her life on mothers’ day in 2016. “the only emotion i saw on her face was that she meant to die,” taylor says.
georgia had been diagnosed with depression three years earlier in dunedin, in south island, and had been prescribed antidepressants and treated by a counsellor.
taylor says her daughter had made progress and believes things had been looking brighter. but she says the country needs a wake-up call: that the way people in new zealand are treated when they try to take their lives has not changed in the 22 years since her husband died from suicide.
“this needs to be talked about. our young people need to have something to look forward to.”
the shoe project is supported by the yeswecare health coalition and the public service association, new zealand’s health union.
• lifeline aotearoa can be reached in new zealand on 0508 828 865. in the uk, the samaritans can be contacted on 116 123. in the us, the national suicide prevention hotline is 1-800-273-8255. in australia, the crisis support service lifeline is on 13 11 14. hotlines in other countries can be found here.
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ðə ˈblæstər ˈmæstər ˈziroʊ ˈfæməli ʤɪst gɑt ˈbɪgər ɪn ˈvərʒən æt ˈɛkspoʊ 2017 wi rɪˈvild ðət ˈɪndi geɪm ˈlɛʤəndz ənd ˈʃəvəl naɪt ər ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ˈblæstər ˈmæstər ˈziroʊ ɛz ˈfʊli ˈkɛrɪktərz. hæv ə lʊk æt ɪn stɔr wɪθ ðiz ˈɛpɪk nu əˈdɪʃənz tɪ ðə səbtərˈeɪniən ədˈvɛnʧər! fri ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ɛks ˈkɛrɪktər: ɛks ˈkɛrɪktər: ˈʃəvəl naɪt *ˈæftər ðɛr fri ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ˈpɪriəd həz ˈɛndɪd, ˈkɛrɪktərz wɪl bɪˈkəm peɪd. ɛks ˈkɛrɪktər ðə ˈhɪroʊ stɑr əv ðə ‘‘shantae’*’ ˈsɪriz ʤɔɪnz ðə ˈəndərˌgraʊnd ədˈvɛnʧər ɛz ə ˈkɛrɪktər! ˈfæsəˌneɪt ðə mˈjutənt hɔrdz wɪθ ðə paʊər əv ˈmæʤɪk ənd ˈfænsi ˈdænsɪz! riˈlis deɪt: ˌʤuˈlaɪ 6 2017 praɪs: (ˈfɑloʊɪŋ hər fri ˈdaʊnˌloʊd pərˈmoʊʃən) ɛks ˈkɛrɪktər ˈʃəvəl naɪt ðə ˈmæstər əv ðə ˈʃəvəl bleɪd ʤɔɪnz ðə ˈəndərˌgraʊnd ədˈvɛnʧər ɛz ə ˈkɛrɪktər! stil ðaɪ ˈʃəvəl ənd dɪg jʊr weɪ θru ðə dɛpθs əv ðə ˈplænət! riˈlis deɪt: ˈɔgəst 3 2017 praɪs: (ˈfɑloʊɪŋ hɪz fri ˈdaʊnˌloʊd pərˈmoʊʃən) wi ər soʊ ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ hæv ðiz ˌsupərˈstɑrz əv ðə ˈɪndi geɪm wərld ɪn ˈblæstər ˈmæstər ˈziroʊ, ənd wi hoʊp ju ˈθəroʊli ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ðɛm! steɪ tund fər mɔr ˈblæstər ˈmæstər ˈziroʊ ˈɪnfoʊ ɪn ðə ˈkəmɪŋ wiks ənd mənθs bɪˈkəz, rɛst əˈʃʊrd, wi ər baɪ noʊ minz dən wɪθ ðɪs geɪm! ʧɛk aʊt ənd ˈʃəvəl naɪt ɪn ˈækʃən ɪn ðə ˈtreɪlər bɪˈloʊ ənd ɔn ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˈwɛbˌsaɪt!
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the blaster master zero family just got bigger in version 1.3! at anime expo 2017, we revealed that indie game legends shantae and shovel knight are coming to blaster master zero as fully playable dlc characters. let’s have a look at what’s in store with these epic new additions to the subterranean adventure!
free download timeframes
ex character: shantae – 7/6/2017~7/19/2017
ex character: shovel knight – 8/3/2017~8/16/2017
*after their free download period has ended, characters will become paid dlc.
ex character – shantae
the hero star of the ‘shantae’ series joins the underground adventure as a playable character! fascinate the mutant hordes with the power of magic and fancy dances!
release date: july 6, 2017
price: $1.99 (following her free download promotion)
ex character – shovel knight
the master of the shovel blade joins the underground adventure as a playable character! steel thy shovel and dig your way through the depths of the planet!
release date: august 3, 2017
price: $1.99 (following his free download promotion)
we are so incredibly excited to have these superstars of the indie game world in blaster master zero, and we hope you thoroughly enjoy them! stay tuned for more blaster master zero info in the coming weeks and months because, rest assured, we are by no means done with this game! check out shantae and shovel knight in action in the trailer below and on the official website!
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əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs sæn diˈeɪgoʊ (ˌeɪˈpi) ðə sæn diˈeɪgoʊ ˈʧɑrʤərz ər ˈmuvɪŋ tɪ lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs, wɛr ðeɪ wɪl ʤɔɪn ðə ˈrisəntli ˌriˈloʊkeɪtɪd ræmz ɪn ˈgɪvɪŋ ðə ˈneɪʃənz ˈmidiə ˈmɑrkɪt tu ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl timz fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn ˈdɛkeɪdz. tim ˈʧɛrmən din ˈspeɪnoʊz meɪd ðə əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ˈθərzˌdeɪ ɪn ə ˈlɛtər ˈpoʊstɪd ɔn ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz' tˈwɪtər əˈkaʊnt. ˈspeɪnoʊz ˈsaɪtɪd ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz' lɔŋ ˈhɪstəri ɪn sæn diˈeɪgoʊ. "bət təˈdeɪ, wi tərn ðə peɪʤ ənd bɪˈgɪn ən ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ nu ˈɪrə ɛz ðə lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs ˈʧɑrʤərz," ˈspeɪnoʊz sɛd ɪn ðə ˈlɛtər. ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz' dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ muv kəmz lɛs ðən θri mənθs ˈæftər sæn diˈeɪgoʊ ˈvoʊtərz rɪˈzaʊndɪŋli rɪˈʤɛktɪd ə ˈmɛʒər ˈæskɪŋ fər ˈbɪljən ɪn ˌɪnˈkrist hoʊˈtɛl ˈɑkjəpənsi ˈtæksɪz tɪ hɛlp fənd ə ˈbɪljən ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn ˈsteɪdiəm ənd kənˈvɛnʃən ˈsɛnər. ðɛr ˈlivɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ə lɔɪəl fæn beɪs ðət ʧɪrd fər dæn faʊts, ˈʧɑrli ˈʤɔɪnər ənd ˈkɛlən ˈwɪnzloʊ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ɛr jɪrz ɪn ðə ənd ˈərli 1980s*, ənd fər ˈʤunjər seau*, stæn ˈhəmfəriz ənd minz ɔn ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz' ˈoʊnli ˈsupər boʊl tim ɪn 1994 sæn diˈeɪgoʊ kʊd bɪˈkəm ə ˈtɛnənt ɪn ðə ˈsteɪdiəm biɪŋ bɪlt ɪn ˈɪŋgəlˌwʊd fər ðə ræmz ɪf ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ðət ˈɔpʃən. ɪf nɑt, ðə ˈoʊklənd ˈreɪdərz wʊd hæv ðə ˈɔpʃən tɪ ʤɔɪn ðə ræmz ɪn ðə l.a*. ˈɛriə, ðoʊ ˈreɪdərz ˈoʊnər mɑrk ˈdeɪvɪs həz ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd hɪz ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən tɪ sik ə muv tɪ ˈɛˈleɪˈɛs ˈveɪgəs. riˈleɪʃənz hæv bɪn streɪnd fər jɪrz bɪtˈwin ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz, huv sɔt ə bɪg ˈpəblɪk ˈsəbsɪdi tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ˈeɪʤɪŋ kˈwɑlˌkɑm ˈsteɪdiəm, ənd ˈsɪti hɔl, wɪʧ həz bɪn bɪˈsɛt baɪ ˈskændəlz ənd ˈvɛriəs ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈkraɪsiz. meɪər ˈkɛvɪn ˈfɔlkənər fɔrmd ə tæsk fɔrs ɪn 2015 tɪ traɪ tɪ faɪnd ə ˈsteɪdiəm səˈluʃən, bət ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz ˈdɪdənt laɪk ɪts ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃən ənd wɔkt əˈweɪ frəm nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz wɪθ ðə ˈsɪti ənd ˈkaʊnti. ˈfɔlkənər ˈrisəntli mɛt wɪθ tim ˈʧɛrmən din ˈspeɪnoʊz, ənd hɛlpt ˈkɑbəl təˈgɛðər ə 375 ˈmɪljən ˈpækɪʤ frəm ðə ˈsɪti, ˈkaʊnti ənd sæn diˈeɪgoʊ steɪt, wɪʧ ˈɔlsoʊ pleɪz ˈfʊtˌbɔl æt kˈwɑlˌkɑm ˈsteɪdiəm. ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz wʊd hæv tɪ faɪnd ə ˈtɛmpərˌɛri hoʊm ɪn l.a*., ˈiðər ðə ˌkɑləˈsiəm ər ðə stubhub*! ˈsɛnər ɪn ˈkɑrzən. sæn diˈeɪgoʊ wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈɔpʃən tɪ muv tɪ l.a*. ˈæftər ˈoʊnərz rɪˈʤɛktɪd ə prəˈpoʊzd ʃɛrd ˈsteɪdiəm fər ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz ənd ˈreɪdərz ɪn ˈkɑrzən, ənd ækˈsɛptɪd ðə ræmz' plænz fər ˈɪŋgəlˌwʊd. ðə ˈoʊnərz geɪv ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz ənd ˈreɪdərz iʧ ən əˈdɪʃənəl 100 ˈmɪljən tɪ traɪ tɪ meɪk ˈsteɪdiəm dilz ɪn ðɛr hoʊm ˈmɑrkɪts. ðə ˈsteɪdiəm ənd ˈfaɪˌnæns kəˈmɪtiz mɛt ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ fər əˈbaʊt 3 aʊərz tɪ dɪˈskəs ˌriˈloʊˈkeɪʃən əv ðə ˈʧɑrʤərz ənd ˈreɪdərz. ðə ˈmitɪŋz ˈmoʊstli ˈsɛntərd ɔn ðə ˈreɪdərz' plæn fər ə pəˈtɛnʃəl muv tɪ nəˈvɑdə. noʊ ˈfaɪlɪŋz fər ˌriˈloʊˈkeɪʃən wər meɪd; ˈoʊklənd həz ənˈtɪl ˈfɛbjəˌwɛri. 15 fər mɔr ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈkəvərɪʤ: ənd 2017 ɔl raɪts rɪˈzərvd. ðɪs məˈtɪriəl meɪ nɑt bi ˈpəblɪʃt, ˈbrɔdˌkæst, riˈrɪtən ər ˌridɪˈstrɪbjətɪd. lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈpraɪvəsi ˈpɑləsi ənd tərmz əv juz.
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associated press - san diego (ap) -- the san diego chargers are moving to los angeles, where they will join the recently relocated rams in giving the nation's second-largest media market two nfl teams for the first time in decades.
team chairman dean spanos made the announcement thursday in a letter posted on the chargers' twitter account.
spanos cited the chargers' long history in san diego. "but today, we turn the page and begin an exciting new era as the los angeles chargers," spanos said in the letter.
the chargers' decision to move comes less than three months after san diego voters resoundingly rejected a team-sponsored measure asking for $1.15 billion in increased hotel occupancy taxes to help fund a $1.8 billion downtown stadium and convention center.
they're leaving behind a loyal fan base that cheered for dan fouts, charlie joiner and kellen winslow during the air coryell years in the 1970s and early 1980s, and for junior seau, stan humphries and natrone means on the chargers' only super bowl team in 1994.
san diego could become a tenant in the stadium being built in inglewood for the rams if the chargers exercise that option. if not, the oakland raiders would have the option to join the rams in the l.a. area, though raiders owner mark davis has indicated his intention to seek a move to las vegas.
relations have been strained for years between the chargers, who've sought a big public subsidy to replace aging qualcomm stadium, and city hall, which has been beset by scandals and various economic crises.
mayor kevin faulconer formed a task force in 2015 to try to find a stadium solution, but the chargers didn't like its recommendation and walked away from negotiations with the city and county. faulconer recently met with team chairman dean spanos, and helped cobble together a $375 million package from the city, county and san diego state, which also plays football at qualcomm stadium.
the chargers would have to find a temporary home in l.a., either the coliseum or the 27,000-seat stubhub! center in carson.
san diego was given the option to move to l.a. after owners rejected a proposed shared stadium for the chargers and raiders in carson, and accepted the rams' plans for inglewood. the owners gave the chargers and raiders each an additional $100 million to try to make stadium deals in their home markets.
the nfl's stadium and finance committees met wednesday for about 3 1/2 hours to discuss relocation of the chargers and raiders. the fact-finding meetings mostly centered on the raiders' plan for a potential move to nevada. no filings for relocation were made; oakland has until feb. 15.
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ʤun 23 2013 aɪ dɪd ðɪs ˈsupər fən kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən wɪθ ˈkɑmən ˈsaɪkəl ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl grup əv ˈsaɪkəlɪŋ ˈædvəˌkeɪts hir ɪn æn ˈɑrbər. ðeɪ hæv wərkt wɪθ ɑr ˈloʊkəl ˈpəblɪk ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˈsɪstəm tɪ meɪk ə ˈbaɪsɪkəl rɪˈpɛr kɪt əˈveɪləbəl fər ˈʧɛˌkaʊt æt ɔl æn ˈɑrbər ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz. fər ðə kɪts, aɪ kriˈeɪtɪd ðɪs ˈlɪtəl ˈkɑmɪk əˈbaʊt dɔg ˈfɪksɪŋ ə flæt. ɪf dɔg kən du ɪt, soʊ kən ju!! ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ə haɪ ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ˈvərʒən: jʊr fri tɪ juz ənd ðɪs flaɪər ˌhaʊˈɛvər ju laɪk, ʤɪst bi ʃʊr tɪ liv ðə "əˈbaʊt ðɪs flaɪər" ˈsɛkʃən. ðə flaɪər ɪz saɪzd fər ˈprɪnɪŋ ɔn ɛks 11 ˈpeɪpər, ɪn ə ˈlænˌskeɪp ˌɔriɛnˈteɪʃən. lɛt mi noʊ ɪf ju nid blæk ənd waɪt. ənd pliz liv ə ˈkɑmɛnt tɪ lɛt mi noʊ wɛr jʊr ˈjuzɪŋ ɪt ɪn jʊr oʊn ˈsɪtiz baɪk koʊɑp, ɛz ə ˈhænˌdaʊt fər ə ˈsaɪkəlɪŋ ˈædvəkəsi ɪˈvɛnt, ɛz ə ʃit tɪ gɪv tɪ ˈkəstəmərz æt jʊr baɪk ʃɑp, ər ʤɪst ˈkipɪŋ ɪt ɪn jʊr ˈbækˌpæk fər ˈjɔrsɛlf. ðə flaɪər ɪn ˈækʃən ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ, ðə flaɪər wɑz pʊt tɪ ðə tɛst! ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmɪʃɪgənz ˈwɪmən ɪn saɪəns ənd ˈsəmər kæmp fər ˈmɪdəl skul gərlz hæd ə ˈwərkˌʃɑp ɔn haʊ tɪ fɪks ə flæt taɪər, ənd ðə gərlz juzd ðə ˌɪnˈstrəkʃən ʃit tɪ fɪks ðɛr oʊn flæts. hɪrz ə (ˈbləri) ˈfoʊˌtoʊ əv ðə ækˈtɪvɪti:
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june 23, 2013
i did this super fun collaboration with common cycle — an incredible group of cycling advocates here in ann arbor. they have worked with our local public library system to make a bicycle repair kit available for checkout at all ann arbor libraries. for the kits, i created this little comic about dog fixing a flat. if dog can do it, so can you!!
download a high resolution version:
you're free to use and remix this flyer however you like, just be sure to leave the "about this flyer" section. the flyer is sized for printing on 8.5 x 11" paper, in a landscape orientation. let me know if you need black and white. and please leave a comment to let me know where you're using it — in your own city's bike co-op, as a handout for a cycling advocacy event, as a sheet to give to customers at your bike shop, or just keeping it in your backpack for yourself.
the flyer in action
yesterday, the flyer was put to the test! university of michigan's women in science and engineering's summer camp for middle school girls had a workshop on how to fix a flat tire, and the girls used the instruction sheet to fix their own flats. here's a (blurry) photo of the activity:
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ˈreɪnʤərz ˈfʊtˌbɔl kləb ɪz dɪˈlaɪtɪd tɪ kənˈfərm ðət ˈbrunoʊ ˈɑlvɛs həz bɪˈkəm ˈpeɪdroʊ fərst ˈsaɪnɪŋ ðɪs ˈsəmər ˈæftər əˈgriɪŋ ə dil. ðə ˈvæstli ɪkˈspɪriənst ˈpɔrʧəˌgiz ˈsɛntər hæf həz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ə ˈglɪtərɪŋ kərɪr æt kləb ˈlɛvəl ənd wɪθ hɪz ˈnæʃənəl tim ənd wɪl bi ə ˈlidər ɔn ðə pɪʧ ɛz ðə laɪt bluz priˈpɛr fər ə ˈsɛkənd ˈsizən bæk ɪn ˈskɑtɪʃ tɔp flaɪt. ə pleɪər wɪθ ə strɔŋ ˈkɛrɪktər ənd ˈwɪnɪŋ mɛnˈtælɪti, ˈɑlvɛs ˈstɑrtɪd hɪz kərɪr æt ˈpɔrtoʊ ənd hæd loʊn spɛlz wɪθ farense*, də ənd ˈæθənz ˌbiˈfɔr rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈdrægənz ənd sɪˈmɛntɪŋ hɪz pleɪs ɪn ðɛr fərst tim. frəm ðɛr hi bægd naɪn ˈmeɪʤər honours*, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ fɔr ˈtaɪtəlz, ˌbiˈfɔr hi ʤɔɪnd seɪnt ˈpitərzbərg ɪn ˈɔgəst 2010 fər ˈmɪljən. ɪn ˈrəʃə hi wən tu prɛˈmɪr lig ˈtaɪtəlz ənd ðə ˈsupər kəp ˌbiˈfɔr əˈgriɪŋ tɪ muv tɪ ˈtərkɪʃ saɪd ɪn ʤun 2013 fər ə ˌriˈpɔrtəd fi əv ˈmɪljən. ənd ɪn hɪz fərst ˈsizən ɪn ˌɪstɑnˈbul hi ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd mɔr səkˈsɛs, ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðə kləb wɪn ðə ˈsupər ənd ðə ˈtərkɪʃ ˈsupər kəp ˈæftər ə ˈvɪktəri ˈoʊvər ɪn ˈɔgəst 2014 tu jɪrz ˈleɪtər ə saɪd ˌkægliˈɑri əˈnaʊnst ðə ˈsaɪnɪŋ əv ˈɑlvɛs wɪθ ə ˈsteɪtmənt wɪʧ rɛd: hæv ɪnˈʃʊrd ðə ˈprɛzəns ɔn ðə pɪʧ əv ə ril ˈwɔrjər, hu ɪz juzd tɪ ˈfeɪsɪŋ ðə ˈtəfəst ˈstraɪkərz ɪn ðə wərld ənd wɪl brɪŋ greɪt əˈgrɛsɪvnəs, ˌpərsəˈnælɪti, tɛkˈnik ənd ˈbaʊndləs ˈfɪzɪkəl power.”*.” ˈæftər ə jɪr ɪn ˈɪtəli ðə wɪl naʊ æd ˈreɪnʤərz tɪ ðə ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv lɪst əv kləbz hi həz pleɪd fər ənd ˈpeɪdroʊ wɪl bi dɪˈlaɪtɪd tɪ hæv ɔn bɔrd ə dɪˈfɛndər hu həz pleɪd æt ðə ˈvɛri haɪəst ˈlɛvəl. ʤɪst 12 mənθs əˈgoʊ ˈɑlvɛs hu həz meɪd 89 ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl əˈpɪrənsəz ənd skɔrd 11 goʊlz wɑz ɪn ðə ˈpɔrʧəgəl skwɑd wɪʧ wən ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps ɪn fræns, hɪz fərst ˈɛvər ˈmeɪʤər ˈtroʊfi. hi pleɪd ɪn ðə ˈvɪktəri ˈoʊvər weɪlz ɪn ðə pɑrk ˌliəˈneɪ, ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə pleɪs əv ˈɪnʤərd ril məˈdrɪd stɑr ˈpɛpi.
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rangers football club is delighted to confirm that bruno alves has become pedro caixinha’s first signing this summer after agreeing a two-year deal.
the vastly experienced portuguese centre half has enjoyed a glittering career at club level and with his national team and will be a leader on the pitch as the light blues prepare for a second season back in scottish football’s top flight.
a player with a strong character and winning mentality, alves started his career at porto and had loan spells with farense, vitória de guimarães and aek athens before returning to the dragons and cementing his place in their first team.
from there he bagged nine major honours, including four primeira liga titles, before he joined zenit saint petersburg in august 2010 for €22 million.
in russia he won two premier league titles and the country’s super cup before agreeing to move to turkish side fenerbahce in june 2013 for a reported fee of €5.5 million.
and in his first season in istanbul he enjoyed more success, helping the club win the super lig and the turkish super cup after a victory over galatasaray in august 2014.
two years later serie a side cagliari announced the signing of alves with a statement which read: “the rossoblu have ensured the presence on the pitch of a real warrior, who is used to facing the toughest strikers in the world and will bring great aggressiveness, personality, technique and boundless physical power.”
after a year in italy the 35-year-old will now add rangers to the impressive list of clubs he has played for and pedro caixinha will be delighted to have on board a 6’ 2” defender who has played at the very highest level.
just 12 months ago alves – who has made 89 international appearances and scored 11 goals – was in the portugal squad which won the european championships in france, his country’s first ever major trophy.
he played in the 2-0 semi-final victory over wales in the parc olympique lyonnais, taking the place of injured real madrid star pepe.
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ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkæpʃən ˈskɛlətənz ˈlɑbɪŋ grəˈneɪdz ər ðɛr tɪ riˈmaɪnd ˈpipəl ðə ˌɪnˈsərʤənts woʊnt bi əraʊnd fərˈɛvər ən ˈəndərˌgraʊnd grup əv juˈkreɪniən ˈɑrtɪsts ɪz əˈpɛrəntli traɪɪŋ tɪ iz ðə tɛns ˈætməsˌfɪr ɪn ðə ˈistərn ˈsɪti əv baɪ ˈpʊtɪŋ əp ˈkɑrdˌbɔrd əv ˈgənˌmɛn ɔn wɔlz ənd ˈfɛnsɪz. ðə meɪk fən əv ðə θˈrɛtənɪŋ ˈprɛzəns əv ˈsɛpərətɪsts pəˈtroʊlɪŋ ðə strits, juˈkreɪniən nuz ˈwɛbˌsaɪt rɪˈpɔrts. ðə ˈkɛrɪkəˌʧərz əv ˈsɛpərətɪst ˈlidərz wɪθ gənz, ənd ˈskɛlətənz ˈlɑbɪŋ grəˈneɪdz, ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ əˈpɪr əraʊnd ðə ˈsɪti ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ˌʤuˈlaɪ. ðə grup, murzilka*, gɪts ɪts neɪm frəm ə ˈʧɪldrənz ˈmægəˌzin. ðə ˈɑrtɪsts seɪ ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ ʃoʊ ˈpipəl ðət ðə ˈrɛbəlz ər nɑt hir tɪ steɪ ənd ðɛr ɪz rɪˈzɪstəns tɪ ðɛr ˈprɛzəns ɪn ðə ˈsɪti. ðə gərˈɪlə ˈɑrtɪsts traɪ tɪ rɪˈmeɪn əˈnɑnəməs ɛz ɛz səm əv ðɛm fɪr fər ðɛr lɪvz. bət ðeɪ hæv ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt wɛr ðeɪ ʃoʊ haʊ ðeɪ ˈproʊdus ðɛr ɑrt. əˈpɛrəntli, ðə riˈækʃən frəm ðə ˈsɛpərətɪsts həz nɑt bɪn əˈspɛʃəli ˈnɛgətɪv səm əv ðɛm ˈivɪn pərˈsiv ðə ɑrt ɛz ə kaɪnd əv ˈɑməʤ tɪ ðɛm, sɪz. ˈəðər ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈprɑʤɛkt ə lɛs ˈnutrəl ˈmɛsɪʤ, səʧ ɛz ə wɔl ˈpeɪnɪŋ wɪʧ ʃoʊz ðə ˈsɛpərətɪst ˌɪˈgɔr hu həz bɪn ˈlidɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈsərʤənsi ɪn ˈistərn juˈkreɪn wɪθ ə gən tɪ hɪz hɛd. ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt juz tɪ steɪ wɪθ ɑr rɪˈpɔrts ˈviə tˈwɪtər.
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image copyright podrobnosti image caption skeletons lobbing grenades are there to remind people the insurgents won't be around forever
an underground group of ukrainian artists is apparently trying to ease the tense atmosphere in the eastern city of donetsk by putting up cardboard cut-outs of gunmen on walls and fences.
the life-size cut-outs make fun of the threatening presence of pro-russian separatists patrolling the streets, ukrainian news website podrobnosti reports. the caricatures of separatist leaders with guns, and skeletons lobbing grenades, started to appear around the city in the middle of july.
the group, murzilka, gets its name from a soviet-era children's magazine. the artists say they want to show people that the rebels are not here to stay and there is resistance to their presence in the city. the guerrilla artists try to remain anonymous as as some of them fear for their lives. but they have a website where they show how they produce their art.
apparently, the reaction from the separatists has not been especially negative - some of them even perceive the art as a kind of homage to them, podrobnosti says. other images project a less neutral message, such as a wall painting which shows the pro-russian separatist igor strelkov - who has been leading the insurgency in eastern ukraine - with a gun to his head.
image copyright podrobnosti
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•* ˈkɛrɪk ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ stɑrt ɪn bət meɪ bi ˈʃɪftɪd bæk ˈnuˌkæsəlz ˈstivən ˈteɪlər kɔld əp tɪ ˈboʊlstər rɔɪ ˈhɑʤsən ɪz kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ˈjuzɪŋ ˈmaɪkəl ˈkɛrɪk ɛz ə ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈɪŋgləndz wərld kəp kˈwɑləˌfaɪər əˈgɛnst sæn mərˈinoʊ. ˈkɛrɪk həz ˈfiʧərd ɪn ðə pəˈzɪʃən fər ˈmænˌʧɛstər juˈnaɪtɪd ɔn ən ɑgˈzɪljəri ˈbeɪsɪs ðɪs ˈsizən wɪn sər ˈæləks ˈfərgəsən həz bɪn ʃɔrt əv dɪˈfɛnsɪv ˈkəvər. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈkɛrɪk ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ stɑrt ɪn hɪz ˈjuʒəwəl bərθ ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ æt ðə ˈsteɪdiəm, ˈhɑʤsən meɪ muv ɪm bæk ˈɪntu ˈsɛntrəl dɪˈfɛns ɪf sæn mərˈinoʊ pruv ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ breɪk daʊn. ðə ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ɪz ðət ðə ˈmænɪʤər meɪ wɪʃ tɪ reɪnʤ əv ʃɔrt ənd lɔŋ ˈpæsɪŋ waɪl friɪŋ əp ə pəˈzɪʃən ˈfərðər ɪf sæn mərˈinoʊ dɪˈfɛnd dip ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðɛr hæf fər lɔŋ ˈpɪriədz. ˈhɑʤsən meɪ stɑrt ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪtiz əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd krɪs sˈmɔlɪŋ əv ˈmænˌʧɛstər juˈnaɪtɪd æt əˈgɛnst sæn mərˈinoʊ. du tɪ ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈɪnʤəriz ənd wɪθˈdrɔəlz, ðə ˈmænɪʤər həz tɪ weɪ əp hu tɪ pleɪ wɪθ ˈtuzˌdeɪz mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt geɪm əˈgɛnst ˌmɑntəˈneɪgroʊ ɪn maɪnd. wɑz bʊkt ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər pleɪɪŋ əˈgɛnst juˈkreɪn soʊ, ɪf ˈʧoʊzən, hi wɪl hæv tɪ bi ˈkɛrfəl, ɛz əˈnəðər ˈjɛloʊ kɑrd wʊd rul ɪm aʊt əv ðə mæʧ ɪn podgorica*. fɪl ˈʤoʊnzɪz rɪˈkəvəri frəm streɪnd ˈæŋkəl ˈlɪgəmənts meɪd ɪm ˌənəˈveɪləbəl fər səˈlɛkʃən, waɪl ˈmaɪkəl ˈdɔsən, wɪθ ə ˈhæmˌstrɪŋ ˈprɑbləm, ənd ˈgɛri ˈkeɪˌhɪl, hu həz ə ni ˈɪnʤəri, hæd tɪ drɔp aʊt əv ðə skwɑd. ˈnuˌkæsəl juˈnaɪtədz ˈstivən ˈteɪlər həz bɪn ˈdræftɪd ɪn. ˈrioʊ ˈfərdɪˌnænd ɪz ə fɔrθ ˈsɛntrəl dɪˈfɛndər hu ˈhɑʤsən ˈkænɑt kɔl ɔn ˈæftər hi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ pʊl aʊt du tɪ kənˈsərnz ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈfɪtnəs ˈproʊˌgræm biɪŋ ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd. dɪˈspaɪt biɪŋ ˈifɛktɪvli fɔrθ ʧɔɪs æt ˈsɪti ðɪs ˈsizən, hɪz kləb ʤeɪmz ˈmɪlnər həz noʊ kənˈsərnz ɪf hi ɪz səˈlɛktɪd. "ɪt dɪz nɑt ʧeɪnʤ hɪz ˈætəˌtud. hi ɪz ˈrɛdi ənd tɪ goʊ. wɛˈnɛvər hi həz pleɪd fər ˈjuˈɛs hi həz bɪn ˈbrɪljənt. ɪz ə tɔp prəˈfɛʃənəl aɪ spɛnd ə lɔt əv taɪm wɪθ ɪm," ðə sɛd. "hi pərˈpɛrz ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl deɪ fər ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈrɪli wɛl, hɪz strɛŋθ wərk, kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ." ˈhævɪŋ bɪn ə ˈrɛgjələr ɪn ðə ˈsɪti saɪdz ðət wən ðə kəp ɪn 2011 ənd læst ˈsizənz ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp, həz ˈstɑrtɪd ˈoʊnli 11 lig geɪmz ðɪs tərm. "ðət ɪz ə kˈwɛʃən fər ðə ˈmænɪʤər bət wi ər blɛst tɪ hæv ə strɔŋ skwɑd æt ˈsɪti," sɛd ˈmɪlnər. "wɪn aɪ hæv sin ɪm [lescott*] pleɪ, hi həz bɪn strɔŋ ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ." hi həz mɔr ðən ɪˈnəf ɪkˈspɪriəns. hi həz pleɪd ə ˈnəmbər əv taɪmz fər ˈɪŋglənd soʊ ɪt wɪl bi faɪn. hi wɪl kəm ɪn ənd ɪf ðə ˈmænɪʤər səˈlɛkts ɪm hi wɪl du ə fænˈtæstɪk ʤɑb. "wi ər blɛst tɪ hæv ə lɔt əv pleɪərz ɪn ðə pəˈzɪʃən ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt ɪz ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪŋ nɑt tɪ hæv ˈrioʊ ɪn ðɪs trɪp. aɪ θɪŋk ðə pleɪərz wi hæv ər mɔr ðən ˈkeɪpəbəl əv duɪŋ ə ʤɑb."
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• carrick expected to start in midfield but may be shifted back • newcastle's steven taylor called up to bolster back-line
roy hodgson is considering using michael carrick as a centre-back during england's world cup qualifier against san marino.
carrick has featured in the position for manchester united on an auxiliary basis this season when sir alex ferguson has been short of defensive cover. although carrick is expected to start in his usual midfield berth on friday at the serravalle stadium, hodgson may move him back into central defence if san marino prove difficult to break down.
the thinking is that the manager may wish to utilise carrick's range of short and long passing while freeing up a position further upfield if san marino defend deep inside their half for long periods.
hodgson may start manchester city's joleon lescott alongside chris smalling of manchester united at centre-back against san marino. due to a series of injuries and withdrawals, the manager has to weigh up who to play with tuesday's more difficult game against montenegro in mind.
lescott was booked in september playing against ukraine so, if chosen, he will have to be careful, as another yellow card would rule him out of the match in podgorica.
phil jones's recovery from strained ankle ligaments made him unavailable for selection, while michael dawson, with a hamstring problem, and gary cahill, who has a knee injury, had to drop out of the squad.
newcastle united's steven taylor has been drafted in. rio ferdinand is a fourth central defender who hodgson cannot call on after he decided to pull out due to concerns over his fitness programme being compromised.
despite lescott being effectively fourth choice at city this season, his club team-mate james milner has no concerns if he is selected. "it does not change his attitude. he is ready and raring to go. whenever he has played for us he has been brilliant. joleon is a top professional – i spend a lot of time with him," the midfielder said. "he prepares every single day for training really well, his strength work, conditioning."
having been a regular in the city sides that won the fa cup in 2011 and last season's championship, lescott has started only 11 league games this term.
"that is a question for the manager but we are blessed to have a strong squad at city," said milner. "when i have seen him [lescott] play, he has been strong – outstanding."
he has more than enough experience. he has played a number of times for england so it will be fine. he will come in and if the manager selects him he will do a fantastic job.
"we are blessed to have a lot of players in the centre-half position although it is disappointing not to have rio in this trip. i think the players we have are more than capable of doing a job."
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maɪˈæmi (ˌeɪˈpi) rɪˈpəblɪkən sɛn. ˈmɑrkoʊ ˈrubioʊ ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ hɛlp frəm ən ənˈlaɪkli kˈwɔrtər ɛz hi kæmˈpeɪnz fər re-election*: ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti. ðə ˈsɛnɪt kəˈmɪti ðɪs wik əˈbændənd ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈraɪvəl, rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈpætrɪk ˈmərfi, ˈjæŋkɪŋ ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ɔf ðə ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈɛrˌweɪvz əv ðə ˈsənˌʃaɪn steɪt ənd ˈsɛndɪŋ ðə ˈməni tɪ kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv ˈreɪsɪz ɪn sˈmɔlər steɪts wɛr ˈfənˌdreɪsɪŋ ˈdɔlərz goʊ ˈfɑrðər. ðə dɪˈsɪʒən livz ˈmərfi, reɪzd ˈoʊnli əˈbaʊt ˌwənˈθərd ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈrubioʊ ɪn ˈrisənt mənθs, ˈlɑrʤli ɔn hɪz oʊn. ənd ɪt həz ˈprɑmptɪd ə raʊnd əv frəm ˈdɛməˌkræts hu ˈɑrgju ðət ˈrubioʊ ɪz beatable*, ənd ðət ðə ˈpɑrti ʃʊd nɑt bi ˈhɛlpɪŋ ɪm wɪn ə ˈsɛkənd tərm ðət kʊd prəˈvaɪd ə pərʧ fər əˈnəðər ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl bɪd. ˈrubioʊ ˌdɪˈsaɪdz tɪ rən fər ˈprɛzɪdənt əˈgɛn ɪn fɔr jɪrz, goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ə hoʊl lɔt əv rɪˈgrɛt əˈbaʊt ðiz dɪˈsɪʒənz biɪŋ meɪd now,”*,” sɛd ˈflɔrɪdə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈstrætɪʤɪst stiv schale*. ðə baɪ ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌsɛnəˈtɔriəl kæmˈpeɪn kəˈmɪti kəmz æt ə streɪnʤ taɪm, ʤɪst ɛz θɪŋz ər ˈlʊkɪŋ əp fər ˈmərfi. ˈsɛnɪt poʊlz ɪn ðə steɪt hæv ˈtaɪtənd ɪn ˈrisənt wiks, ənd ðɛr ər saɪnz ðət ˈflɔrɪdə rɪˈpəblɪkənz ɛz ɪnˌθuziˈæstɪk tɪ voʊt ðɪs jɪr wɪθ ˈdɑnəld trəmp ɛz ðɛr ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˌnɑməˈni. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈdɛməˌkræts ər duɪŋ ˈbɛtər ðən ɪkˈspɛktɪd ɪn ˈbæləts. ˈmərfi ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ wən ðə ɛnˈdɔrsmənt əv ðə maɪˈæmi ˈhɛrəld, wɪʧ ɪn ðə pæst həz bækt ˈrubioʊ, ənd riˈlist ə nu æd wɪθ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈspikɪŋ ˈspænɪʃ tɪ ərʤ hɪˈspænɪks tɪ ðə poʊlz. wɪθ trəmp ˈdrægɪŋ daʊn rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈkænədɪts əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri, səm hir si ə pəˈtɛnʃəl pæθ tɪ ˈvɪktəri nɑt ʤɪst fər ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌnɑməˈni ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən, bət ˈɔlsoʊ fər ˈmərfi, ə ˈkɑŋgrəsmən wɪθ loʊ neɪm ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən. ˈrubioʊ ɪz ə ˈfeɪtəli flɔd ˈkænədɪt ənd əˈpɛrəntli səm əv ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz ɪn ˈflɔrɪdə fɛlt ðə seɪm way,”*,” sɛd ʤɪm ˈmænli, ə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk kənˈsəltənt ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ənd ˈfɔrmər eɪd tɪ ˈsɛnɪt məˈnɔrəti ˈlidər ˈhɛri rid əv nəˈvɑdə. ˈoʊnli hoʊp ðə ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ ˌrikənˈsɪdər ənd stɑrt ˈpɔrɪŋ ˈməni ˈɪntu ðə reɪs, bɪˈkəz beatable.”*.” rid sɛd ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju ˌbiˈfɔr ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl dəˈbeɪt ɪn ˈɛˈleɪˈɛs ˈveɪgəs ðət ðə hæv ðə ˈməni ɪt teɪks tɪ kip əp æd baɪz ɪn ˈflɔrɪdə, bət hi sɛd, ʤɪst hæv tɪ weɪt ənd si wət ˈhæpənz ɪn ðə nɛkst wik ər soʊ ənd faɪnd aʊt haʊ ˈhɛvəli goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ðɛr æt ðə end.”*.” ə ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən fər ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk kəˈmɪti, ˈsædi ˈwaɪnər, dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə ˈspɛndɪŋ dɪˈsɪʒənz. ʃi sɛd ˈmərfi dən ən ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ʤɑb ɪn ðɪs race.”*.” ʃi ˈædɪd ðət kənˈtɪnju tɪ hɛlp ɪm wɪθ investments”*” ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst θri wiks. ə ˈstənɪŋ ˈtərnəˌbaʊt frəm ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl plænz. ðə kəˈmɪti rɪˈzərvd 10 ˈmɪljən ɪn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ bæk ɪn ˈeɪprəl, ˌbiˈfɔr ˈrubioʊ gɑt ˈɪntu ðə reɪs. ɪt ˈɛndɪd əp ˈspɛndɪŋ ˈoʊnli ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd ɔn ə ˈpɔltri 208 ˈbrɔdˌkæst kəˈmərʃəlz tɪ deɪt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈmidiə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈtrækər. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ðə ˈsɛnɪt məˈʤɔrəti pæk, ə ˈsupər pæk rən baɪ ˈfɔrmər eɪdz tɪ ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈlidərz, həz spɛnt ˈoʊnli ə ˈfrækʃən əv wət ɪt hæd plænd fər ˈflɔrɪdə. ðə riˈtrɛnʧmənt həz lɛft ˈmərfi swɔmpt ɔn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən: ˈrubioʊ ənd hɪz səˈpɔrtərz hæv səm kəˈmərʃəlz ɔn ˈloʊkəl ˈbrɔdˌkæst ˈsteɪʃənz, mɔr ðən twaɪs ɛz ˈmɛni ɛz ˈmərfi ənd hɪz ˈælaɪz, ʃoʊz ˈdɛməˌkræts wɪθ ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ðə ˈspɛndɪŋ dɪˈsɪʒənz ˈɑrgju ɪt ɪz proʊˈhɪbətɪvli ɪkˈspɛnsɪv tɪ ˈædvərˌtaɪz ɪn ˈflɔrɪdə. ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ baɪ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd grups kɔsts səm 3 ˈmɪljən ə wik kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ˈmɪljən ə wik ɪn nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə, 1 ˈmɪljən ə wik ɪn ˌɪndiˈænə ənd ə wik ɪn məˈzʊri. ðoʊz θri steɪts ɔl hæv tərnd ˈɪntu ˈvaɪəbəl ˈpɪˌkəp ˌɑpərˈtunətiz fər ˈdɛməˌkræts mɔr ˈrisəntli, ˈprɑmptɪŋ ðə muvz tɪ pʊl aʊt əv ˈflɔrɪdə ənd ˌriɪnˈvɛst ˈməni ðɛr. ˈdɛməˌkræts nid tɪ nɛt fɔr sits tɪ teɪk bæk kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ˈsɛnɪt. ðət ˈɑrgjəmənt stɑpt ˈəðər ˈdɛməˌkræts frəm kəmˈpleɪnɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ sid ðə fild tɪ ˈrubioʊ, hu lɔst ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈpraɪˌmɛri ðɪs jɪr bət ˈpɔɪntɪˌdli rɪfˈjuzd ˈdʊrɪŋ ə dəˈbeɪt ðɪs wik tɪ kəˈmɪt tɪ ˈsərvɪŋ aʊt əˈnəðər ˈsɛnɪt tərm. səm əv ðə tɔp ˈdoʊnərz hæv bɪn ˌənsəkˈsɛsfəli ˈplidɪŋ wɪθ nu jɔrk sɛn. ʧək ˈʃumər, ˈkloʊsli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɪθ dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ, tɪ rɪˈtərn ˈməni tɪ ˈflɔrɪdə. rɪˈpəblɪkənz ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈɛni ˈʧænsɪz. ˈhɛvi ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ baɪz rɪˈmeɪn ɔn ðə bʊks, ənd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd grups ər ˈnɑkɪŋ ɔn ˈhənərdz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv voters’*’ dɔrz əˈkrɔs ˈflɔrɪdə. ˈmərfi ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ səm hɛlp ɔn ðə graʊnd frəm ðə ˈklɪntən kæmˈpeɪn, wɪʧ ʤɪst əˈnaʊnst ɪt ɪz ˈspɛndɪŋ ən əˈdɪʃənəl 6 ˈmɪljən ɔn meɪl ənd ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ tɪ gɪt aʊt ðə voʊt ɪn ˈflɔrɪdə ənd sɪks ˈəðər steɪts wɪθ kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv ˈreɪsɪz. praɪˈɔrətiz ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ, ə ˈsupər pæk ˈbækɪŋ ˈklɪntən, ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ əˈnaʊnst plænz tɪ hɛlp ˈdɛməˌkræts ɪn kloʊz ˈsɛnɪt ˈreɪsɪz ɛz tim filz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ˈkɑnfədənt əˈbaʊt hər ˈʧænsɪz ɔn ɪˈlɛkʃən deɪ. soʊ fɑr, ðoʊ, priorities’*’ lɪst əv ˈsɛnətərz tɪ hɛlp ˌɪnˈklud ˈmərfi. əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs ˈraɪtər mɪˈʃɛl kənˈtrɪbjutɪd tɪ ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt frəm ˈɛˈleɪˈɛs ˈveɪgəs. ˈwərnər ˌriˈpɔrtəd frəm ˈwɔʃɪŋtən.
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miami (ap) — republican sen. marco rubio is getting help from an unlikely quarter as he campaigns for re-election: the democratic party.
the party’s senate committee this week abandoned rubio’s democratic rival, rep. patrick murphy, yanking advertising off the expensive airwaves of the sunshine state and sending the money to competitive races in smaller states where fundraising dollars go farther.
the decision leaves murphy, who’s raised only about one-third as much as rubio in recent months, largely on his own.
and it has prompted a round of second-guessing from democrats who argue that rubio is beatable, and that the party should not be helping him win a second term that could provide a perch for another presidential bid.
“when rubio decides to run for president again in four years, there’s going to be a whole lot of regret about these decisions being made now,” said florida democratic strategist steve schale.
the decampment by the democratic senatorial campaign committee comes at a strange time, just as things are looking up for murphy.
senate polls in the state have tightened in recent weeks, and there are signs that florida republicans aren’t as enthusiastic to vote this year with donald trump as their presidential nominee. for example, democrats are doing better than expected in mail-in ballots.
murphy on wednesday won the endorsement of the miami herald, which in the past has backed rubio, and released a new ad with president barack obama speaking spanish to urge hispanics to the polls.
with trump dragging down republican candidates across the country, some here see a potential path to victory not just for democratic nominee hillary clinton, but also for murphy, a second-term congressman with low name recognition.
“senator rubio is a fatally flawed candidate and apparently some of the major newspapers in florida felt the same way,” said jim manley, a democratic consultant in washington and former aide to senate minority leader harry reid of nevada. “i only hope the dscc is going to reconsider and start pouring money into the race, because beatable.”
reid said in an interview before wednesday’s presidential debate in las vegas that the dscc doesn’t have the money it takes to keep up ad buys in florida, but he said, “we’ll just have to wait and see what happens in the next week or so and find out how heavily we’re going to be involved there at the end.”
a spokeswoman for the senate democratic committee, sadie weiner, declined to comment on the group’s spending decisions. she said murphy “has done an outstanding job in this race.” she added that they’d continue to help him with “targeted investments” over the next three weeks.
that’s a stunning turnabout from the dscc’s initial plans.
the committee reserved $10 million in tv advertising back in april, before rubio got into the race. it ended up spending only an estimated $106,000 on a paltry 208 broadcast commercials to date, according to kantar’s media political advertising tracker.
in addition, the senate majority pac, a super pac run by former aides to the democratic leaders, has spent only a fraction of what it had planned for florida.
the retrenchment has left murphy swamped on tv: rubio and his supporters have some 22,000 commercials on local broadcast stations, more than twice as many as murphy and his allies, kantar shows
democrats with knowledge of the spending decisions argue it is prohibitively expensive to advertise in florida. advertising by outside groups costs some $3 million a week compared to $1.5 million a week in north carolina, $1 million a week in indiana and $750,000 a week in missouri.
those three states all have turned into viable pickup opportunities for democrats more recently, prompting the moves to pull out of florida and reinvest money there. democrats need to net four seats to take back control of the senate.
that argument hasn’t stopped other democrats from complaining about the party’s decision to cede the field to rubio, who lost the gop presidential primary this year but pointedly refused during a debate this week to commit to serving out another six-year senate term.
some of the state’s top donors have been unsuccessfully pleading with new york sen. chuck schumer, closely involved with dscc decision-making, to return money to florida.
republicans aren’t taking any chances. heavy advertising buys remain on the books, and outside groups are knocking on hundreds of thousands of voters’ doors across florida.
murphy is getting some help on the ground from the clinton campaign, which just announced it is spending an additional $6 million on mail and digital advertising to get out the vote in florida and six other states with competitive down-ballot races.
priorities usa, a cash-rich super pac backing clinton, on tuesday announced plans to help democrats in close senate races as clinton’s team feels increasingly confident about her chances on election day.
so far, though, priorities’ list of senators to help doesn’t include murphy.
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associated press writer michelle rindels contributed to this report from las vegas. werner reported from washington.
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ˌoʊˈbɑməz 'ˈbroʊkən əp wɪθ mi': mæt ˈdeɪmən sɪz ˈprɛzɪdənt hi wəns ˈlaɪəˌnaɪzd həz 'lɑts əv ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ tɪ du' ˈoʊvər hɪz stæns ɔn ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ənd ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈdeɪmən toʊld bɛt ðət ˌoʊˈbɑməz droʊn straɪks ənd geɪv ɪm pɔz, 'əˈspɛʃəli fər ə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl lɔ prəˈfɛsər' ðə 'ɪˈlɪziəm' stɑr kæmˈpeɪnd əˈgrɛsɪvli fər ˌoʊˈbɑmə ɪn 2008 naʊ sɪz wən əv hɪz frɛndz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd 'ˈnɛvər əˈgɛn. aɪ wɪl ˈnɛvər bi fuld əˈgɛn baɪ ə ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən' ˈɔlsoʊ ˈteɪkɪŋ flæk fər ˈædvəˌkeɪtɪŋ fər ˈpəblɪk ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən waɪl ˈsɛndɪŋ hɪz oʊn kɪdz tɪ ˈpraɪvət skulz mæt ˈdeɪmən noʊ ˈlɔŋgər həz ə krəʃ ɔn ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə. 'hi broʊk əp wɪθ mi,' ðə ˈmuvi stɑr sɛd ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju ˈpəblɪʃt ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈθərzˌdeɪ. ðə stɑr əv ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ fɪlm 'ɪˈlɪziəm' toʊld bɛt ðət hi ənd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt 'noʊ ˈlɔŋgər si eye-to-eye*.' 'ðɛr ər ə lɔt əv θɪŋz ðət aɪ ˈrɪli kˈwɛʃən, hi sɛd, spəˈsɪfɪkli əˈbaʊt ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃənz ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈpɑsʧər. 'ðə liˈgæləti əv ðə droʊn straɪks,' ˈdeɪmən sɛd, 'ənd ðiz ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz ər laɪk, ju noʊ ˈʤɪmi ˈkɑrtər keɪm aʊt ənd sɛd wi lɪv ɪn ə dɪˈmɑkrəsi. ə ˈlɪtəl ˌɪnˈtɛns wɪn ən sɪz ðət. soʊ ju noʊ, gɑt səm ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ tɪ du, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli fər ə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl lɔ prəˈfɛsər.' skroʊl daʊn fər ˈvɪdioʊ ɪn ˈɔgəst 2011 ˈdeɪmən toʊld rɪˈpɔrtərz ðət hi wɑz 'ˈrɪli dɪˈsætəsˌfaɪd' wɪθ ˌoʊˈbɑmə 'ˈdəbəlɪŋ daʊn' ɔn ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. ˈbʊʃɪz 'bæd aɪˈdiəz' fər ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən wət ə ˈdɪfərəns fɔr jɪrz kən meɪk: ˈdeɪmən kæmˈpeɪnd əˈgrɛsɪvli fər ˌoʊˈbɑmə ɪn 2008 ˌoʊˈbɑmə həz kəm ˈəndər faɪər fər prɪˈzaɪdɪŋ ˈoʊvər ən wɪθ ə ˈmænˌdeɪt fər dəˈmɛstɪk spaɪɪŋ. ðə ˈeɪʤənsiz ˈbɪgəst ˈsikrɪts ər naʊ ɪkˈspoʊzd ˈpəblɪkli sɪns ˈkɑnˌtræktər ˈɛdwərd sˈnoʊdən likt ðɛm tɪ ðə prɛs ənd flɛd tɪ ˈrəʃə. ənd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt həz feɪst groʊɪŋ ˈaʊˌtreɪʤ frəm sɛn. rænd pɔl əv kənˈtəki ənd ˈəðər rɪˈpəblɪkənz, ˈfɑloʊɪŋ hɪz dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈʤəstɪsɪz ˈlɔŋˌtaɪm rɪfˈjuzəl tɪ ˌgɛrənˈti ðət ɪt woʊnt juz droʊnz tɪ sərˈveɪl əˈmɛrɪkənz ən əˈʃʊrəns ɪt geɪv ˈoʊnli ɪn ðə feɪs əv ən ɪmˈbɛrəsɪŋ ˈsɛnɪt ˈfɪləˌbəstər ðə waɪt haʊs kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ juz ənˈmænd droʊnz ɛz ˈwɛpənz əˈgɛnst ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ˈtɑrgəts ˈoʊvərˈsiz. ˈdeɪmən kæmˈpeɪnd əˈgrɛsɪvli fər ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə 2008 ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈsizən. naɪn deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə 2008 ɪˈlɛkʃən, ˈdeɪmən toʊld ə rum fʊl əv ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz ɪn ˈflɔrɪdə ðət ðeɪ ʃʊd wərk hɑrd tɪ ʃʊr ˈbɑrək wins’*’ bət ɪn ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts ˈsɛkənd tərm, ðə blum ɪz ˈklɪrli ɔf ðə roʊz. ɪn ɪˈlɪziəm, ə kru əv ˈɔfɪsərz sɪˈkjʊrz ðə laɪn bɪtˈwin ðə 1 pər sɛnt ənd ðə rɛst əv juˈmænɪti ˈdeɪmən toʊld rɪˈpɔrtərz ɪn ˈɔgəst 2011 ðət hi wɑz 'ˈrɪli dɪˈsætəsˌfaɪd' wɪθ ˌoʊˈbɑmə 'ˈdəbəlɪŋ daʊn' ɔn ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. ˈbʊʃɪz 'bæd aɪˈdiəz' fər ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən. θri mənθs ˈleɪtər ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ ɛl ˈmægəˌzin hi sɛd, 'aɪv tɔkt tɪ ə lɔt əv ˈpipəl hu wərkt fər ˌoʊˈbɑmə æt ðə ˈgræsˈruts ˈlɛvəl. wən əv ðɛm sɛd tɪ mi, "ˈnɛvər əˈgɛn. aɪ wɪl ˈnɛvər bi fuld əˈgɛn baɪ ə ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən."' 'ju noʊ,' hi ˈædɪd, 'ə ˈprɛzɪdənt wɪθ səm bɔlz hu ˈæˌkʧuəli gɑt stəf dən wʊd hæv bɪn, ɪn ðə lɔŋ rən əv ðə ˈkəntri, məʧ ˈbɛtər.' ˈdeɪmənz ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm əv ˌoʊˈbɑmə bɪˈgæn ɪn leɪt 2010 ənd baɪ ˈeɪprəl 2011 ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt wɑz ˈrɛdi tɪ faɪər bæk, ɔlˈbiɪt ɪn gʊd fən. 'ɪts fɛr tɪ seɪ ðət wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ maɪ ˈprɛzɪdənsi, ðə ˈhəniˌmun ɪz ˈoʊvər,' hi æt ðə waɪt haʊs ˌkɔrəˈspɑndənts ˈdɪnər. mæt ˈdeɪmən sɛd hi wɑz ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd ɪn maɪ pərˈfɔrməns. wɛl mæt, aɪ ʤɪst sɔ ðə əˈʤəstmənt ˈbjʊroʊ soʊ raɪt bæk ˈbədi.' naɪn deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə 2008 ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən, ˈdeɪmən ˈvɪzɪtɪd ən ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˌvɑlənˈtɪr ˈsɛnər ɪn saʊθ ˈflɔrɪdə, ˈərʤɪŋ ˈdəzənz əv ˈstudənts tɪ 'meɪk ʃʊr ˈbɑrək wɪnz' ˈdeɪmən həz kəm ˈəndər faɪər ðɪs wik ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz ðət dɪˈspaɪt hɪz ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈædvəkəsi fər ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ˈpəblɪk ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən, hi sɛndz hɪz oʊn ˈʧɪldrən tɪ ə ˈpraɪvət skul. peɪ fər ə ˈpraɪvət ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ənd traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt ðə wən ðət moʊst ˈmæʧɪz ðə ˈpəblɪk ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ðət aɪ hæd,' hi toʊld ðə ˈgɑrdiən 'bət ðət kaɪnd əv prəˈgrɛsɪv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ɪgˈzɪsts ɪn ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈsɪstəm. ˌɔnˈfɛr.' ˈdʊrɪŋ ə 2011 ˈræli ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən d.c*. ˈdeɪmən toʊld ə kraʊd əv ˈtiʧərz ðət hi wʊd nɑt treɪd hɪz oʊn ˈpəblɪk skul ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən 'fər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ.' hɪz fɪlm 'ɪˈlɪziəm' wɪʧ ˈoʊpənz ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, həz bɪn pænd baɪ kənˈsərvətɪvz fər ˈɑrgjuɪŋ fər ə ˈsoʊʃəlɪst juˈtoʊpiə ɛz ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv tɪ ə fˈjuʧər wərld əv hævz ənd have-nots*. ðə ˈɑkjəˌpaɪ wɔl plɑt laɪn ˌɪnˈvɑlvz ə ˈwɛlθi ɪˈlit klæs ðət həz əˈbændənd ən ˈoʊvərˌkraʊdɪd ərθ fər ə ˈləgʒəri speɪs ˈsteɪʃən, ˈlivɪŋ ðə rɛst əv juˈmænɪti ɪn ənd skˈwɑlər.
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obama's 'broken up with me': matt damon says president he once lionized has 'lots of explaining to do' over his stance on national security and education
damon told bet that obama's drone strikes and nsa gave him pause, 'especially for a constitutional law professor'
the 'elysium' star campaigned aggressively for obama in 2008
now says one of his friends decided 'never again. i will never be fooled again by a politician'
also taking flak for advocating for public education while sending his own kids to private schools
matt damon no longer has a crush on barack obama. 'he broke up with me,' the movie star said in an interview published online thursday.
the star of the upcoming film 'elysium' told bet that he and the president 'no longer see eye-to-eye.'
'there are a lot of things that i really question, he said, specifically about the obama administration's national security posture.
'the legality of the drone strikes,' damon said, 'and these nsa revelations are like, you know jimmy carter came out and said we live in a democracy. that’s a little intense when an ex-president says that. so you know, he’s got some explaining to do, particularly for a constitutional law professor.'
scroll down for video
in august 2011, damon told reporters that he was 'really dissatisfied' with obama 'doubling down' on george w. bush's 'bad ideas' for education
what a difference four years can make: damon campaigned aggressively for obama in 2008
obama has come under fire for presiding over an nsa with a mandate for domestic spying. the agency's biggest secrets are now exposed publicly since contractor edward snowden leaked them to the press and fled to russia.
and the president has faced growing outrage from sen. rand paul of kentucky and other libertarian-minded republicans, following his department of justice's longtime refusal to guarantee that it won't use drones to surveil americans an assurance it gave only in the face of an embarrassing senate filibuster .
the white house continues to use unmanned drones as first-strike weapons against terrorism targets overseas.
damon campaigned aggressively for then-senator obama during the 2008 election season. nine days before the 2008 election, damon told a room full of volunteers in florida that they should work hard to ‘make sure barack wins’
but in the president's second term, the bloom is clearly off the rose.
in elysium, a crew of gun-toting officers secures the line between the occupy-inspired 1 per cent and the rest of humanity
damon told reporters in august 2011 that he was 'really dissatisfied' with obama 'doubling down' on george w. bush's 'bad ideas' for education.
three months later in an interview with elle magazine he said, 'i've talked to a lot of people who worked for obama at the grassroots level. one of them said to me, "never again. i will never be fooled again by a politician."'
'you know,' he added, 'a one-term president with some balls who actually got stuff done would have been, in the long run of the country, much better.'
damon's criticism of obama began in late 2010, and by april 2011 the president was ready to fire back, albeit in good fun.
'it's fair to say that when it comes to my presidency, the honeymoon is over,' he at the white house correspondents dinner.
' matt damon said he was disappointed in my performance. well matt, i just saw the adjustment bureau so right back atcha buddy.'
nine days before the 2008 presidential election, damon visited an obama volunteer center in south florida, urging dozens of students to 'make sure barack wins'
damon has come under fire this week following revelations that despite his long-term advocacy for improving public education, he sends his own children to a private school.
'ii pay for a private education and i’m trying to get the one that most matches the public education that i had,' he told the guardian , 'but that kind of progressive education no longer exists in the public system. unfair.'
during a 2011 rally in washington d.c. , damon told a crowd of teachers that he would not trade his own public school education 'for anything.'
his film 'elysium' which opens friday, has been panned by conservatives for arguing for a socialist utopia as an alternative to a future world of haves and have-nots.
the occupy wall street-inspired plot line involves a wealthy elite class that has abandoned an overcrowded earth for a luxury space station, leaving the rest of humanity in crime-ridden and poverty-stricken squalor.
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donte* ˈwɪtnər wən hɪz ˌwənɔnˈwən ˈmæʧəp wɪθ ˈsiˌhɔks proʊ boʊl taɪt ɛnd zæk ˈmɪlər læst wik. nɛkst əp fər ðə ˈnaɪnərz ˈseɪfti: ən ˈivɪn ˈstɪfər ˈʧælənʤ. ə wik ˈæftər ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ˈmɪlər, ˈwɪtnər ˈfɪgjərz tɪ si ˈplɛnti əv ˈkaʊˌbɔɪz taɪt ɛnd ˈʤeɪsən ˈwɪtən ɔn ˈsənˌdi wɪn ˈdæləs ˈvɪzɪts ˈkændəlˌstɪk pɑrk. ˈwɪtən, ə proʊ ˈboʊlər hu həz ˈævrɪʤd 91 ˈkæʧɪz ənd jɑrdz ðə pæst fɔr ˈsizənz, bɪˈgæn hɪz naɪnθ ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈsizən wɪθ sɪks ˈkæʧɪz fər 110 jɑrdz læst wik əˈgɛnst ðə ʤɛts. ˈwɪtnər 208 prɛpt fər ðə ˈwɪtən baɪ ˈifɛktɪvli ˈmæʧɪŋ əp əˈgɛnst ˈmɪlər 255 ɪn wik 1 ˈwɪtnər, hu sɛd hi wɑz ɪn ˈkəvərɪʤ əˈgɛnst ˈmɪlər ɔn mɔr ðən 15 pleɪz, ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈmɪlər tɪ wən kæʧ fər sɪks jɑrdz ɪn ðɛr ˈʃoʊˌdaʊnz. ˈəðər kæʧ, ə 13-yarder*, keɪm wɪn ˈwɪtnər wɑz ɪn zoʊn ˈkəvərɪʤ ɔn ðə ˈəðər saɪd əv ðə fild. lʊk ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ˈmæʧɪŋ əp wɪθ witten,”*,” ˈwɪtnər sɛd ðɪs wik. ˈʧælənʤ ðɪs wik wɪl bi mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt, ɔn ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈlɛvəlz. ˈwɪtən ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli mɔr əˈkɑmplɪʃt ðən ˈmɪlər, hi ˈɔlsoʊ wɪl hæv ˈtoʊni ˈroʊmoʊ nɑt ˈʤæksən θroʊɪŋ tɪ ɪm. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ˈwɪtən kʊd hæv ən ˈivɪn mɔr ˈprɑmənənt roʊl ɪn dallas’*’ əˈfɛns wɪθ waɪd rɪˈsivər braɪənt kˈwɛsʧənəbəl wɪθ ə θaɪ ˈɪnʤəri. ˈwɪtnər, ə ˈvaɪələnt ˈhɪtər hu ræŋkt fɪθ ɪn ðə ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl wɪθ 140 ˈtækəlz læst jɪr, dɪsˈmɪst ðə səˈʤɛsʧən ðət hɪz skɪlz ər ə ˈwiknəs. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ stæts llc*., ˈwaɪtər geɪv əp ə 10 ˈtəʧˌdaʊn ˈpæsɪz læst jɪr. hæd soʊ ˈmɛni ˈkəvərɪʤɪz ənd soʊ ˈmɛni ˈdɪfərənt things,”*,” ˈwɪtnər sɛd. ju noʊ ˈfʊtˌbɔl ənd ju noʊ ˈdɪfərənt gaɪz riˌspɑnsəˈbɪlətiz, ˈrɪli hɑrd tɪ pɔɪnt aʊt ˈrɪli ʤɪst seɪɪŋ ðɪs gaɪ ɪz ðə ˈkloʊsəst wɪn ðeɪ skɔrd ə ˈtəʧˌdaʊn. fɛlt laɪk ðɛr wɑz ə ˈkəpəl taɪt ɛndz ðət kɔt ə ˈkəpəl bɔlz ɔn mi læst jɪr, bət aɪ θɪŋk ðoʊz gaɪz kæʧ ə lɔt əv bɔlz ɔn ˈɛvriˌbɑdi, ənd ðoʊz ər ðə gaɪz frəm nu ˈɪŋglənd. ðoʊz gaɪz ər ˈrɪli good.”*.” ˈwɪtnər wɑz rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ˈpeɪtriəts taɪt ɛndz ˈɛrən hərˈnændɛz ənd rɑb, hu ˈfɑloʊd əp ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv ˈrʊki ˈsizənz baɪ kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ fər 13 ˈkæʧɪz fər 189 jɑrdz ənd tu ˈtəʧˌdaʊnz ɪn ə wɪn ˈoʊvər maɪˈæmi læst wik. ˈwɪtnər feɪst ðə ˈpeɪtriəts twaɪs ɛz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə bɪlz læst jɪr. hæd ˈsɛvən ˈkæʧɪz fər 97 jɑrdz ənd θri ˈtəʧˌdaʊnz ɪn tu ˈkɑntɛsts əˈgɛnst ˈbəfəˌloʊ. hərˈnændɛz hæd sɪks ˈkæʧɪz fər 65 jɑrdz ɪn wən geɪm əˈgɛnst ðə bɪlz. gaɪz ər ˈrɪli gʊd ˈfʊtˌbɔl players,”*,” ˈwɪtnər sɛd. aɪ kən fərˈsi boʊθ əv ðɛm biɪŋ proʊ bowlers.”*.”
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donte whitner won his one-on-one matchup with seahawks pro bowl tight end zach miller last week.
next up for the niners safety: an even stiffer challenge.
a week after dealing with miller, whitner figures to see plenty of cowboys tight end jason witten on sunday when dallas visits candlestick park.
witten, a seven-time pro bowler who has averaged 91 catches and 1,032 yards the past four seasons, began his ninth nfl season with six catches for 110 yards last week against the jets.
whitner (5-10, 208) prepped for the 6-6, 265-pound witten by effectively matching up against miller (6-5, 255) in week 1.
whitner, who said he was in man-to-man coverage against miller on more than 15 plays, limited miller to one catch for six yards in their head-to-head showdowns. miller’s other catch, a 13-yarder, came when whitner was in zone coverage on the other side of the field.
“i look forward to matching up with witten,” whitner said this week.
whitner’s challenge this week will be more difficult, on a number of levels.
witten is not only more accomplished than miller, he also will have tony romo – not tarvaris jackson – throwing to him.
in addition, witten could have an even more prominent role in dallas’ offense with wide receiver dez bryant questionable with a thigh injury.
* whitner, a violent hitter who ranked fifth in the nfl with 140 tackles last year, dismissed the suggestion that his pass-coverage skills are a weakness.
according to stats llc., whiter gave up a league-high 10 touchdown passes last year.
“we had so many coverages and so many different things,” whitner said. “if you don’t know football and you don’t know different guys responsibilities, it’s really hard to point out — you’re really just saying this guy is the closest when they scored a touchdown.
“i felt like there was a couple tight ends that caught a couple balls on me last year, but i think those guys catch a lot of balls on everybody, and those are the guys from new england. those guys are really good.”
whitner was referring to patriots tight ends aaron hernandez and rob gronkowski, who followed up impressive rookie seasons by combining for 13 catches for 189 yards and two touchdowns in a 38-24 win over miami last week.
whitner faced the patriots twice as a member of the bills last year. gronkowski had seven catches for 97 yards and three touchdowns in two contests against buffalo. hernandez had six catches for 65 yards in one game against the bills.
“those guys are really good football players,” whitner said. “and i can forsee both of them being pro bowlers.”
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ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ɪz ə ˈkætəˌgɔri əv ˈprɑsɛsəz ðət ˈsteɪbəˌlaɪz ə ˈmɛməri treɪs ˈæftər ɪts ˌɪˈnɪʃəl kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ɪz dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈɪntu tu spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈprɑsɛsəz, kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, wɪʧ ɪz səˈnɑnəməs wɪθ ˈlɔŋˈtərm ənd əˈkərz wɪˈθɪn ðə fərst fju aʊərz ˈæftər ˈlərnɪŋ, ənd ˈsɪstəmz kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, wɛr ˈmɛməriz bɪˈkəm ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əv ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ˈoʊvər ə ˈpɪriəd əv wiks tɪ jɪrz. ˈrisəntli, ə θərd ˈprɔˌsɛs həz bɪˈkəm ðə ˈfoʊkɪs əv ˈrisərʧ,, ɪn wɪʧ ˈmɛməriz kən bi meɪd əˈgɛn θru əv ðə ˈmɛməri treɪs. ðə laɪn ˈprɑsɛsəz tɪ meɪk ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈmɛməri. ˈhɪstəri ˈɛdət ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən wɑz fərst rɪˈfərd tɪ ɪn ðə ˈraɪtɪŋz əv ðə rɪˈnaʊnd ˈroʊmən ˈtiʧər əv ˈrɛtərɪk quintillian*. hi ˈnoʊtɪd ðə "ˈkjʊriəs fact…*… ðət ðə ˈɪntərvəl əv ə ˈsɪŋgəl naɪt wɪl ˈgreɪtli ˌɪnˈkris ðə strɛŋθ əv ðə ˈmɛməri," ənd pərˈzɛnəd ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ðət ðə paʊər əv ˌrɛkəˈlɛkʃən ˈəndərˌgoʊz ə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ˈraɪpənɪŋ ənd məˈʧʊrɪŋ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə taɪm wɪʧ ˌɪntərˈvinz." ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən wɑz ˈleɪtər prəˈpoʊzd beɪst ɔn ˈklɪnɪkəl ˈdætə ˈɪləˌstreɪtɪd ɪn 1882 baɪ lɔ əv rəˈgrɛʃən, "prəˈgrɛsɪv dɪˈstrəkʃən ədˈvænsɪz prɑˈgrɛsɪvli frəm ðə ənˈsteɪbəl tɪ ðə ˈsteɪbəl". ðɪs aɪˈdiə wɑz ɪˈlæbəreɪtəd ɔn baɪ ˈwɪljəm eɪʧ. ˈbərnəm ə fju jɪrz ˈleɪtər ɪn ə ˈpeɪpər ɔn æmˈniʒə ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪŋ ˈfaɪndɪŋz frəm ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl saɪˈkɑləʤi ənd nʊˈrɑləʤi. ˈkɔɪnɪŋ əv ðə tərm "kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən" ɪz ˈkrɛdɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈʤərmən ˈrisərʧərz ənd ˈɑlfoʊnz hu ridɪˈskəvərd ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt ðət ˈmɛməri teɪks taɪm tɪ ˈfɪkˌseɪt ər ˌəndərˈgoʊ "konsolidierung*" ɪn ðɛr ˈstədiz kənˈdəktəd bɪtˈwin 1892 ənd ðə tu prəˈpoʊzd ðə haɪˈpɑθəsəs ˈæftər ðeɪ faʊnd ðət nu ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈlərnɪd kʊd dɪsˈrəpt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈpriviəsli lərnt ɪf nɑt ɪˈnəf taɪm hæd pæst tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə oʊld ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ bi ðɪs lɛd tɪ ðə səˈʤɛsʧən ðət nu ˈmɛməriz ər ˈfræʤəl ɪn ˈneɪʧər bət ɛz taɪm ˈpæsɪz ðeɪ bɪˈkəm ˈlætərəl vju əv ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs wɪʧ ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ðə ˈmidjəl ˈtɛmpərəl loʊb ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk ˈstədiz əv æmˈniʒə ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ ˈimərʤ ɪn ðə ənd 1970s*. ðə keɪs əv ˈhɛnri məˈleɪzən, ˈfɔrmərli noʊn ɛz ˈpeɪʃənt h.m*., bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈlændˌmɑrk ɪn ˈstədiz əv ˈmɛməri ɛz ɪt rɪˈleɪts tɪ æmˈniʒə ənd ðə rɪˈmuvəl əv ðə zoʊn ənd spɑrkt ˈmæsɪv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə ˈstədi əv breɪn ˈliʒənz ənd ðɛr ˈifɛkt ɔn ˈmɛməri. ˈæftər məˈleɪzən ˌəndərˈwɛnt ə baɪˈlætərəl ˈmidjəl ˈtɛmpərəl loʊb tɪ əˈliviˌeɪt ˌɛpɪˈlɛptɪk ˈsɪmptəmz ðə ˈpeɪʃənt bɪˈgæn tɪ ˈsəfər frəm ˈmɛməri ˌɪmˈpɛrmənts. məˈleɪzən lɔst ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ɛnˈkoʊd ənd kənˈsɑlɪˌdeɪt ˈnuli ˈlərnɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈlidɪŋ ˈrisərʧərz tɪ kənˈklud ðə ˈmidjəl ˈtɛmpərəl loʊb (mtl*) wɑz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈstrəkʧər ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðɪs məˈleɪzən ˈɔlsoʊ ʃoʊd saɪnz əv ˈrɛtrəˌgreɪd æmˈniʒə ˈspænɪŋ ə ˈpɪriəd əv əˈbaʊt 3 jɪrz praɪər tɪ ðə ˈsərʤəri səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ˈrisəntli əkˈwaɪərd ˈmɛməriz əv ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ə ˈkəpəl jɪrz kʊd rɪˈmeɪn ɪn ðə praɪər tɪ kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈɪntu ˈəðər breɪn ˈrisərʧ ˈɪntu ˈəðər ˈpeɪʃənz wɪθ əv ðə hæv ʃoʊn ə ˈpɑzətɪv riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp bɪtˈwin ðə dɪˈgri əv ˈmɛməri ˌɪmˈpɛrmənt ənd ðə ɪkˈstɛnt əv rɪˈmuvəl wɪʧ pɔɪnts tɪ ə ˈtɛmpərəl ˈgreɪdiənt ɪn ðə kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtɪŋ ˈneɪʧər əv ðə ðiz ˈstədiz wər əˈkəmpənid baɪ ðə kriˈeɪʃən əv ˈænəməl ˈmɑdəlz əv ˈjumən æmˈniʒə ɪn ən ˈɛfərt tɪ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ breɪn ˈsəbˌstreɪts ˈkrɪtɪkəl fər sloʊ kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. ˈminˌwaɪl, ˈstədiz əv səˈlɛktɪd breɪn ˈɛriəz bɪˈgæn tɪ ʃɛd laɪt ɔn ðə ˈmɑləˌkjulz ˈpɑsəbli riˈspɑnsəbəl fər fæst ɪn ˈrisənt ˈdɛkeɪdz, ədˈvænsmənts ɪn ˈsɛljələr ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃənz, məˈlɛkjələr baɪˈɑləʤi, ənd hæv ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnaɪzd ðə ˈstədi əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. prəˈvaɪdɪŋ əˈdɪʃənəl səˈpɔrt ɪz ðə ˈstədi əv ˈfəŋkʃənəl breɪn ækˈtɪvɪti ɪn ˈjumənz wɪʧ həz rɪˈvild ðət ðə ækˈtɪvɪti əv breɪn ˈriʤənz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ˈoʊvər taɪm ˈæftər ə nu ˈmɛməri ɪz ðɪs ʧeɪnʤ kən əˈkər ɛz kˈwɪkli ɛz ə ˈkəpəl aʊərz ˈæftər ðə ˈmɛməri həz bɪn ɛnˈkoʊdɪd səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ðɛr ɪz ə ˈtɛmpərəl dɪˈmɛnʃən tɪ ðə ˌriɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən əv ðə ˈmɛməri ɛz ɪt ɪz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ɪn ðə kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈɛdət kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, ər ɪz wən fɔrm əv ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən sin əˈkrɔs ɔl ˈspiʃiz ənd ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈmɛməri tæsks. ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈmɛməri, wɪn dɪˈskəst ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, ɪz ˈmɛməri ðət læsts fər æt list 24 aʊərz. ən ɪkˈsɛpʃən tɪ ðɪs rul ɪz ˈlɔŋˈtərm, ər, ə ˈmɑdəl əv rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈlərnɪŋ, ɪn wɪʧ ən aʊər ɪz θɔt tɪ bi səˈfɪʃənt. kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ɪz əˈʧivd ˈfæstər ðən ˈsɪstəmz kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, wɪˈθɪn ˈoʊnli ˈmɪnəts tɪ aʊərz əv ˈlərnɪŋ ɪn, wən əv ðə bɛst ˌəndərˈstʊd fɔrmz əv, ɪz θɔt tɪ bi ə ˈpɑsəbəl ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪn kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. ˈstændərd ˈmɑdəl ˈɛdət ðə ˈstændərd ˈmɑdəl əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən səˈʤɛsts ðət ˌɔltərˈeɪʃənz əv ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ənd ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ˈmɛmˌbreɪn pəˈtɛnʃəl ər əˈʧivd θru ˈæktəˌveɪtɪŋ kæˈskeɪdz. ðiz məˈlɛkjələr kæˈskeɪdz ˈtrɪgər ˌtrænˈskrɪpʃən ˈfæktərz ðət lɛd tɪ ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ʤin ɪkˈsprɛʃən. ðə rɪˈzəlt əv ðə ʤin ɪkˈsprɛʃən ɪz ðə ˈlæstɪŋ ˌɔltərˈeɪʃən əv ˈproʊˌtinz, ɛz wɛl ɛz rɪˈmɑdəlɪŋ ənd groʊθ. ɪn ə ʃɔrt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈlərnɪŋ, ðə məˈlɛkjələr kæˈskeɪd, ɪkˈsprɛʃən ənd ˈprɔˌsɛs əv boʊθ ˌtrænˈskrɪpʃən ˈfæktərz ənd ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈərli ʤinz, ər səˈsɛptəbəl tɪ dɪsˈrəpʃənz. dɪsˈrəpʃənz kɔzd baɪ spɪˈsɪfɪk drəgz, ˈænɪˌbɑdiz ənd groʊs ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈtrɔmə kən blɑk ðə ˈifɛkts əv ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈɛdət kən bi θɔt əv ɛz ðə prəˈlɔŋd ˈstrɛŋθənɪŋ əv ənd ɪz noʊn tɪ ˈproʊdus ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ɪn ðə pərˈdəkʃən ənd riˈsɛptər ˌsɛnsɪˈtɪvɪti, ˈlæstɪŋ ˈmɪnəts tɪ ˈivɪn deɪz. ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ɪz rɪˈgɑrdɪd ɛz ə kənˈtrɪbjutɪŋ ˈfæktər tɪ ənd ɪn ðə groʊθ əv strɛŋθ, wɪʧ ər səˈʤɛstɪd tɪ ˌəndərˈlaɪ ˈmɛməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən. ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈsɪdərd tɪ bi ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm ɪn tərmz əv meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ ˈmɛməriz wɪˈθɪn breɪn ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr ɪz θɔt tɪ bi ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðɛr ɪz kəmˈpɛlɪŋ ˈɛvədəns ðət ɪz ˈkrɪtɪkəl fər ˌpævˈloʊviən fɪr kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ ɪn ræts səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ɪt ˈlərnɪŋ ənd ˈmɛməri ɪn ˈmæməlz. spəˈsɪfɪkli, ænˈtægənəsts əˈpɪr tɪ blɑk ðə ˌɪnˈdəkʃən əv boʊθ ənd fɪr kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ ənd ðət fɪr kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ ˌɪnˈkrisɪz trænzˈmɪʃən ðət wʊd rɪˈzəlt ɪn ˈtaɪmlaɪn əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈɛdət kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, wɪn kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ˈsɪstəmz kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən (wɪʧ ɪz sɛd tɪ teɪk wiks tɪ mənθs tɪ jɪrz tɪ bi əˈkɑmplɪʃt), ɪz kənˈsɪdərəbli ˈfæstər. ðɛr ɪz ˈɛvədəns tɪ səˈʤɛst ðət kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən teɪks pleɪs wɪˈθɪn ˈmɪnəts tɪ aʊərz əv ˈmɛməri ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ ər ˈlərnɪŋ, ənd ɛz səʧ ɪz kənˈsɪdərd ðə ‘‘fast’*’ taɪp əv ɛz sun ɛz sɪks aʊərz ˈæftər ˈtreɪnɪŋ, ˈmɛməriz bɪˈkəm ˌɪmˈpərviəs tɪ ðət dɪsˈrəpt kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ənd ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əv ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈmɛməri. ˈspeɪsɪŋ ˈifɛkt ˈɛdət dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˈlərnɪŋ həz bɪn faʊnd tɪ ɛnˈhæns ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, spəˈsɪfɪkli fər riˈleɪʃənəl ˈmɛməri. ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl rɪˈzəlts səˈʤɛst ðət dɪˈstrɪbjutɪŋ ˈlərnɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv 24 aʊərz ˈdiˌkrisɪz ðə reɪt əv fərˈgɛtɪŋ kəmˈpɛrd tɪ mæst ˈlərnɪŋ, ənd ɛnˈhænsɪz riˈleɪʃənəl ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. wɪn ˌɪnˈtərprətəd ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəmz əv ˈstrɛŋθənɪŋ meɪ dɪˈpɛnd ɔn ðə ˈspeɪsɪŋ əv ˈmɛməri tɪ əˈlaʊ səˈfɪʃənt taɪm fər ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs tɪ əˈkər, ənd ˈðɛrˈbaɪ ˈstrɛŋθən ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ˈɛdət ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs pleɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt roʊl ɪn ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əv nu ˈmɛməriz. ˈstədiz hæv ʃoʊn ðət ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ˌɪnˈhɪbətərz ədˈmɪnɪstərd ˈæftər ˈlərnɪŋ, ˈwikən ˈmɛməri, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ɪz rikˈwaɪərd fər ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, rɪˈpɔrts hæv səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ðə ˈifɛkts əv ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ˌɪnˈhɪbətərz ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈhɪbət ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt ʃʊd bi ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ˈəðər rɪˈzəlts hæv ʃoʊn ðət ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs meɪ nɑt ɪn fækt bi ˈnɛsəˌsɛri fər ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, ɛz ɪt həz bɪn faʊnd ðət ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əv ˈmɛməriz kən wɪθˈstænd væst əˈmaʊnts əv ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ˌɪnəˈbɪʃən, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ðɪs kraɪˈtɪriən əv ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ɛz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri fər ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ɪz nɑt ˈsɪstəmz kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈɛdət ˈsɪstəmz kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ɪz ðə ˈsɛkənd fɔrm əv ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. ɪt ɪz ə ˌriɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪn wɪʧ ˈmɛməriz frəm ðə ˈriʤən, wɛr ˈmɛməriz ər fərst ɛnˈkoʊdɪd, ər muvd tɪ ðə ɪn ə mɔr ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt fɔrm əv ˈsɪstəmz kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ɪz ə sloʊ daɪˈnæmɪk ˈprɔˌsɛs ðət kən teɪk frəm wən tɪ tu ˈdɛkeɪdz tɪ bi ˈfʊli fɔrmd ɪn ˈjumənz, ənˈlaɪk kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ðət ˈoʊnli teɪks ˈmɪnəts tɪ aʊərz fər nu ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ ˈsteɪbəˌlaɪz ˈɪntu ˈstændərd ˈmɑdəl ˈɛdət ðə ˈstændərd ˈmɑdəl əv ˈsɪstəmz kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən həz bɪn ˈsəmərˌaɪzd baɪ skwaɪr ənd ˈælvərˌɛz ɪt steɪts ðət wɪn ˈnɑvəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ərˈɪʤənəli ɛnˈkoʊdɪd ənd ˈrɛʤɪstərd, ˈmɛməri əv ðiz nu ˈstɪmjəˌlaɪ bɪˈkəmz rɪˈteɪnd ɪn boʊθ ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ənd ˈkɔrtəkəl ˈleɪtər ðə hippocampus’*’ ˌrɛprəzənˈteɪʃənz əv ðɪs ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən bɪˈkəm ˈæktɪv ɪn ɪkˈsplɪsət (ˈkɑnʃəs) ˈriˌkɔl ər ˌɪmˈplɪsət (ˌənˈkɑnʃəs) ˈriˌkɔl laɪk ɪn slip ənd ‘‘offline’*’ ˈmɛməri ɪz rɪˈteɪnd ɪn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs fər əp tɪ wən wik ˈæftər ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈlərnɪŋ, ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ ðə ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs steɪʤ ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ɪz ‘‘teaching’*’ ðə ˈkɔrtɛks mɔr ənd mɔr əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd wɪn ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz rɪˈkɔld ɪt ˈstrɛŋθənz ðə kəˈnɛkʃən ðəs ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈmɛməri ˈðɛrˌfɔr, frəm wən wik ənd bɪɔnd ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈtreɪnɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns, ðə ˈmɛməri ɪz sˈloʊli ˈtrænsfərd tɪ ðə wɛr ɪt bɪˈkəmz ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli ɪn ðɪs vju ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs kən pərˈfɔrm ðə tæsk əv ˈstɔrɪŋ ˈmɛməriz ˌtɛmpərˈɛrəli bɪˈkəz ðə ˈsɪæpsɪz ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʧeɪnʤ kˈwɪkli wɛˈræz ðə ˈsɪæpsɪz ʧeɪnʤ ˈoʊvər kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ɪz ðəs ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs wɛrˈbaɪ ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ˈæktəˌveɪts ðə kənˈtɪnjuəli ˈlidɪŋ tɪ strɔŋ kəˈnɛkʃənz bɪtˈwin ðə tu. sɪns ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs kən ˈoʊnli səˈpɔrt ˈmɛməriz ˌtɛmpərˈɛrəli ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˌæktəˈveɪʃən wɪl bi sin ˈoʊnli ɪn ðə wɪʧ ɪz ˈeɪbəl tɪ səˈpɔrt ˈmɛməri ˌɪnˈdɛfənətli. skwaɪr ənd ˈælvərˌɛz tʊk ðə ˈtɛmpərəli ˈgreɪdɪd ˈneɪʧər əv ˈpeɪʃənz wɪθ ˈrɛtrəˌgreɪd æmˈniʒə ɛz səˈpɔrt fər ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət wəns ə kəˈnɛkʃən həz bɪn ɪˈstæblɪʃt wɪˈθɪn ðə ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər rikˈwaɪərd, bət ðɪs ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz daɪˈnæmɪk ənd ɪkˈstɛndz fər ˈsɛvərəl jɪrz. skwaɪr ənd ˈælvərˌɛz ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈpoʊzd ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ˈstrəkʧərz pleɪ ə roʊl ɪn ðə kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən əv ˈmɛməriz wɪˈθɪn ðə baɪ prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ə ˈbaɪndɪŋ ˈɛriə fər ˈməltəpəl ˈkɔrtəkəl ˈriʤənz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ əv ðə ɪn ðɪs sɛns ðə wʊd ækt ɛz ə ˈriˌleɪ ˈsteɪʃən fər ðə ˈvɛriəs pərˈsɛpʧəwəl ˈɪnˌpʊt ðət meɪk əp ə ˈmɛməri ənd stɔrz ɪt ɛz ə hoʊl ɪˈvɛnt. ˈæftər ðɪs həz əˈkərd ðə dɪˈrɛkts ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən təˈwɔrdz ðə tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən əv ðə ˈmɛməri. ˈməltəpəl treɪs ˈθɪri ˈɛdət ˈməltəpəl treɪs ˈθɪri (mtt*) bɪldz ɔn ðə dɪˈstɪŋkʃən bɪtˈwin sɪˈmæntɪk ˈmɛməri ənd ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˈmɛməri ənd ˈæˈdrɛsɪz pərˈsivd ˈʃɔrtˌkəmɪŋz əv ðə ˈstændərd ˈmɑdəl wɪθ rɪˈspɛkt tɪ ðə dɪˈpɛndənsi əv ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs. ˈɑrgjuz ðət ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə rɪˈtrivəl ənd ˈstɔrɪʤ əv ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ɪt ɪz θɔt ðət sɪˈmæntɪk ˈmɛməriz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈbeɪsɪk ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɛnˈkoʊdɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈstɔrɪʤ əv ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˈmɛməriz, kən bi ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn ˈstrəkʧərz əˈpɑrt frəm ðə ˈsɪstəm səʧ ɛz ðə ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv hɛns, waɪl ˈprɑpər ˈfəŋkʃənɪŋ ɪz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri fər ðə riˈtɛnʃən ənd rɪˈtrivəl əv ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˈmɛməriz, ɪt ɪz lɛs ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ ənd juz əv sɪˈmæntɪk ˈmɛməriz. ɛz ˈmɛməriz eɪʤ ðɛr ər ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˌɪnərˈækʃənz bɪtˈwin ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ənd ənd ðɪs lidz tɪ ðə ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt əv ˈæˌspɛkts əv ˈmɛməri wɪˈθɪn ˈstrəkʧərz əˈsaɪd frəm ðə ðəs steɪts ðət boʊθ ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ənd sɪˈmæntɪk ˈmɛməriz rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ənd ðə ˈlætər bɪˈkəmz ˈsəmˈwət ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əv ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ˈdʊrɪŋ ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt dɪˈstɪŋkʃən bɪtˈwin ənd ðə ˈstændərd ˈmɑdəl ɪz ðət ðə ˈstændərd ˈmɑdəl prəˈpoʊzɪz ðət ɔl ˈmɛməriz bɪˈkəm ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əv ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ˈæftər ˈsɛvərəl jɪrz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, nɑˈdɛl ənd hæv ʃoʊn ðət ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs wɑz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈmɛməri ˈriˌkɔl fər ɔl rɪˈmoʊt ˌɔtəˌbaɪəˈgræfɪkəl ˈmɛməriz noʊ ˈmætər əv ðɛr ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pɔɪnt ðeɪ meɪk waɪl ˈɪntərˌprɛtɪŋ ðə rɪˈzəlts ɪz ðət ˌæktəˈveɪʃən ɪn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs wɑz ˈikwəli ɛz strɔŋ rəˈgɑrdləs əv ðə fækt ðət ðə ˈmɛməriz rɪˈkɔld wər ɛz oʊld ɛz 45 jɪrz praɪər tɪ ðə deɪt əv ðə ðɪs ɪz ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd baɪ ðə fækt ðət ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ɪz ˈkɑnstəntli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ əv nu ɪˈvɛnts ənd ˌæktəˈveɪʃən du tɪ ðɪs fækt ɪz hɑrd tɪ ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈjuzɪŋ ˈbeɪsˌlaɪn bɪˈkəz əv ðɪs, ˌæktəˈveɪʃən əv ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ˈdʊrɪŋ rɪˈtrivəl əv ˈdɪstənt ˈmɛməriz meɪ ˈsɪmpli bi ə əv ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ ðə ˈstədi ɛz ən ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəmz ˈɛdət hɑɪst, gɔr, ənd maʊ, sɔt tɪ ɪgˈzæmɪn ðə ˈtɛmpərəl ˈneɪʧər əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən wɪˈθɪn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs tɪ tɛst əˈgɛnst ðə ˈstændərd ðeɪ faʊnd ðət ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs dɪz nɑt səbˈstænʃəli kənˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðə ˌrɛkəˈlɛkʃən əv rɪˈmoʊt ˈmɛməriz ˈæftər ə ˈpɪriəd əv ə fju jɪrz. ðeɪ kleɪm ðət ədˈvænsɪz ɪn ðə ˈfəŋkʃənəl mægˈnɛtɪk ˈrɛzənəns ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ hæv əˈlaʊd ðɛm tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛr dɪˈstɪŋkʃən bɪtˈwin ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ənd ðə ˈkɔrtɛks wɪʧ ðeɪ kleɪm ɪz mɔr ɪnˈdʊrɪŋ ɪn ɪts ˌæktəˈveɪʃən frəm rɪˈmoʊt ˈmɛməri ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkrɪtɪˌsaɪz ðə juz əv ˈmɛməriz ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈtɛstɪŋ wɪʧ ˈkænɑt bi kənˈfərmd ɛz ˈfaɪnəli, ðeɪ steɪt ðət ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈɪntərvˌju ɪn ðə ˈskænər ˈæktɪd ɛz ən ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ ɪˈvɛnt ɛz səʧ ˈdɪfərənsɪz bɪtˈwin ˈrisənt ənd rɪˈmoʊt ˈmɛməriz wʊd bi sɪˈmæntɪk ˈvərsəz. ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˈmɛməri ˈɛdət nɑˈdɛl ənd ˈɑrgjud ðət wɪn ˈstədiɪŋ ðə ˈstrəkʧərz ənd ˈsɪstəmz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, sɪˈmæntɪk ˈmɛməri ənd ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˈmɛməri nid tɪ bi dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ɛz riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn tu ˈdɪfərənt ˈmɛməri ˈsɪstəmz. wɪn ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ɛnˈkoʊdɪd ðɛr ər sɪˈmæntɪk ˈæˌspɛkts əv ðə ˈmɛməri ðət ər ɛnˈkoʊdɪd ɛz wɛl ənd ðɪs ɪz prəˈpoʊzd ɛz ən ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən əv ðə ˈvɛriɪŋ ˈgreɪdiənts əv ˈmɛməri lɔs sin ɪn ˈpeɪʃənz wɪθ ˈdæmɪʤ ʃoʊ ˈtreɪsɪz əv ˈmɛməriz ənd ðɪs həz bɪn juzd ɛz səˈpɔrt fər ðə ˈstændərd ˈmɑdəl bɪˈkəz ɪt səˈʤɛsts ðət ˈmɛməriz ər rɪˈteɪnd əˈpɑrt frəm ðə nɑˈdɛl ənd ˈɑrgju ðət ðiz rɪˈteɪnd ˈmɛməriz hæv lɔst ðə ˈrɪʧnəs əv ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd ɪgˈzɪst ɛz ɪˈvɛnts ðət hæv bɪn ˈoʊvər ðeɪ səˈʤɛst ðət ðɪs ˌɪnˈstɛd prəˈvaɪdz səˈpɔrt fər ðɛr ˈnoʊʃən ðət ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˈmɛməriz rɪˈlaɪ sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ɔn ðə ˈsɪstəm bət sɪˈmæntɪk ˈmɛməriz kən bi ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɪn ðə breɪn ənd sərˈvaɪv ˈvərsəz. prəˈsiʤərəl ˈnɑlɪʤ kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈɛdət ˈlərnɪŋ kən bi dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt baɪ tu fɔrmz əv ˈnɑlɪʤ: ənd prəˈsiʤərəl. ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˌɪnˈkludz ðə ˈkɑnʃəs ˈriˌkɔl əv fækts, ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz, ənd lɪsts, ənd ɪts ˈstɔrɪʤ ˈtɪpɪkəli kəˈnɛktɪd wɪθ ðə ənd ðə ˈsɪstəmz ɛz ɪt ˌɪnˈkludz ðə ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ əv boʊθ sɪˈmæntɪk ənd ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əv ɪˈvɛnts. prəˈsiʤərəl ˈnɑlɪʤ ˌhaʊˈɛvər həz bɪn sɛd tɪ ˈfəŋkʃən ˈsɛpərˌeɪt frəm ðɪs ˈsɪstəm ɛz ɪt rɪˈlaɪz praɪˈmɛrəli ɔn ˈmoʊtər ˈɛriəz əv ðə ðə ˌɪmˈplɪsət ˈneɪʧər əv prəˈsiʤərəl ˈnɑlɪʤ əˈlaʊz ɪt tɪ ɪgˈzɪst ˈæbsənt frəm ðə ˈkɑnʃəs əˈwɛrnəs ðət ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ðɛr. ˈpeɪʃənz hæv ʃoʊn rɪˈteɪnd əˈbɪləˌti tɪ bi treɪnd ɔn tæsks ənd ɪgˈzɪbɪt ˈlərnɪŋ wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt biɪŋ əˈwɛr ðət ðə ˈtreɪnɪŋ hæd ˈɛvər ˈteɪkən ðɪs ˌɪntrəˈdusɪz ə dɪˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən bɪtˈwin ðə tu fɔrmz əv ˈmɛməri ənd ðə fækt ðət wən fɔrm kən ɪgˈzɪst ˈæbsənt ðə ˈəðər səˈʤɛsts ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəmz ər ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. skwaɪr həz prəˈpoʊzd ðə prəˈsiʤərəl ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪz kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtəd ɪn səm ˈkeɪsɪz baɪ ðə ˈmoʊtər skwaɪr ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ðət ˌɪnˈtækt ˈlərnɪŋ əv ˈsərtən ˈmoʊtər, pərˈsɛpʧəwəl, ənd ˈkɑgnɪtɪv skɪlz kən bi rɪˈteɪnd ɪn ˈpeɪʃənz wɪθ ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈteɪn ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ bi ˈɪnfluənst baɪ ˈpraɪmɪŋ ˈifɛkts wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈpeɪʃənz biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈkɑnʃəsli ˈriˌkɔl ˈɛni ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈsɛʃən ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ənd ˈstrɛsfəl ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈɛdət ðə ˌæmɪgˈdɑlə, spəˈsɪfɪkli ðə ˈriʤən (bla*) ɪz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ əv sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ənd həz bɪn dɪˈrɛkli lɪŋkt tɪ ˈmɛmərəbəl ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ˈɛvədəns səˈʤɛsts ðət strɛs ˈhɔrˌmoʊnz səʧ ɛz pleɪ ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl roʊl ɪn kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtɪŋ nu ˈmɛməriz ənd ðɪs ɪz waɪ ˈstrɛsfəl ˈmɛməriz ər rɪˈkɔld ˈstədiz baɪ goʊld ənd væn ˈbəskərk prəˈvaɪdɪd ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈɛvədəns fər ðɪs riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪn ðeɪ ʃoʊd ðət ˌɪnˈʤɛkʃənz əv ˈɪntu ˈsəbʤɪkts ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈpɪriəd rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ˈgreɪtər ˈlɔŋˈtərm riˈtɛnʃən əv tæsk rɪˈleɪtɪd ðɪs ˈstədi ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈvaɪdɪd ˈɛvədəns ðət ðə ˈlɛvəl əv ˌɪnˈʤɛktɪd wɑz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈlɛvəl əv riˈtɛnʃən səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ðə ˈlɛvəl əv strɛs ər əv ðə ˈmɛməri pleɪz ə roʊl ɔn ðə ˈlɛvəl əv riˈtɛnʃən. ɪt ɪz səˈʤɛstɪd ðət əˈfɛkts ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən baɪ ˈæktəˌveɪtɪŋ ðə ˌæmɪgˈdɑlə ənd ˈstədiz hæv ʃoʊn ðət ænˈtægəˌnɪzəm əv praɪər tɪ ˌɪnˈʤɛkʃən əv wɪl blɑk ðə riˈtɛnʃən əv ˈmɛməri ˈifɛkts sin ðɪs ɪz səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ðə fækt ðət ˈægənɪsts hæv ðə ˈɑpəzɪt ˈifɛkt ɔn ðə ɛnˈhænsmənt əv ˈmɛməri ðə ɪz θɔt tɪ bi ˈæktɪvli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈmɛməri kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ənd ɪz ˈɪnfluənst ˈstrɔŋli baɪ strɛs ˈhɔrˌmoʊnz rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn ˌɪnˈkrist ˌæktəˈveɪʃən ənd ɛz səʧ ˌɪnˈkrist ˈmɛməri ðə ðɛn ˈprɑʤɛkts tɪ ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn ə ˈstrɛŋθənd ðɪs riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɑz ˈstədid baɪ ˈpækərd ənd ʧɛn hu faʊnd ðət wɪn ˈglutəˌmeɪt wɑz ədˈmɪnɪstərd tɪ ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs, ɛnˈhænst kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən wɑz sin ˈdʊrɪŋ meɪz ðə ˈɑpəzɪt ˈifɛkt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ sin wɪn ðə ˌæmɪgˈdɑlə wɑz ˌɪˈnæktɪˌveɪtɪd ˈjuzɪŋ ˈstədiz əˈpɪr tɪ səˈʤɛst ðət ðə ˌæmɪgˈdɑlə ˈifɛkts ðə kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən əv ˈmɛməriz θru ɪts ˈɪnfluəns wɪθ strɛs ˈhɔrˌmoʊnz ənd ðə prɑˈʤɛkʃənz tɪ ˈəðər breɪn ˈɛriəz ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪtɪd ɪn ˈmɛməri slip kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈɛdət ˈræpɪd aɪ ˈmuvmənt (rɛm) slip həz bɪn θɔt əv tɪ bi ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈkɑnsɛpt ɪn ðə ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ˈlərnɪŋ ɪn ˈjumənz baɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪn ðə ənd ˈkɔrtəkəl ˈriʤənz əv ðə rɛm slip ɪˈlɪsəts ən ˌɪnˈkris ɪn ˈnʊˌroʊnəlz ækˈtɪvɪti ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ən ɛnˈrɪʧt ər ˈnɑvəl ˈweɪkɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns, ðəs ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˈnʊˌroʊnəlz ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr pleɪɪŋ ən ɛˈsɛnʃəl roʊl ɪn ðə kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən əv ðɪs həz kəm ˈɪntu kˈwɛʃən ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz ˌhaʊˈɛvər ənd ˈstədiz ɔn slip ˌdɛprəˈveɪʃən hæv ʃoʊn ðət ˈænəməlz ənd ˈjumənz hu ər dɪˈnaɪd rɛm slip du nɑt ʃoʊ ˈdɛfɪsɪts ɪn tæsk ˈlərnɪŋ. ɪt həz bɪn prəˈpoʊzd ðət sɪns ðə breɪn ɪz ɪn ə ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ steɪt ˈdʊrɪŋ slip, kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən wʊd bi ənˈlaɪkli tɪ ˈrisənt ˈstədiz hæv ɪgˈzæmənd ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp bɪtˈwin rɛm slip ənd prəˈsiʤərəl ˈlərnɪŋ kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈstədiz hæv bɪn dən ɔn ˈsɛnsəri ənd ˈmoʊtər rɪˈleɪtɪd tæsks. ɪn wən ˈstədi ˈtɛstɪŋ finger-tapping*, ˈpipəl wər splɪt ˈɪntu tu grups ənd ˈtɛstɪd wɪθ ər wɪˈθaʊt ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ slip; rɪˈzəlts kənˈkludɪd ðət slip ˌɪnˈkrisɪz boʊθ spid ənd ˈækjərəsi ɪn ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr tæsk, waɪl ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ðə ˌæktəˈveɪʃən əv boʊθ ˈkɔrtəkəl ənd ˈriʤənz; wɛˈræz ðə əˈweɪk grup hæd noʊ səʧ ɪt həz bɪn θiəraɪzd ðət ðɪs meɪ bi rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈrəðər ðən ˈsɪstəmz kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ˈneɪʧər əv ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs ˈrisərʧərz ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ ðə ˈifɛkt əv slip ɔn ˈmoʊtər ˈlərnɪŋ hæv ˈnoʊtɪd ðət waɪl kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən əˈkərz ˈoʊvər ə ˈpɪriəd əv aʊərz ˈdʊrɪŋ slip, ðɪs ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ tru ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈweɪkɪŋ aʊərz, wɪʧ meɪ nɪˈgeɪt ˈɛni roʊl əv slip ɪn ɪn ðɪs sɛns slip wʊd sərv noʊ ˈspɛʃəl ˈpərpəs tɪ ɛnˈhæns kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən əv ˈmɛməriz bɪˈkəz ɪt əˈkərz ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli əv slip. ˈəðər ˈstədiz hæv ɪgˈzæmənd ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv riˈpleɪ wɪʧ həz bɪn dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz ə əv ˈpætərnz ðət wər ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈlərnɪŋ feɪz. riˈpleɪ həz bɪn ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ɪn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ənd ðɪs həz lɛnt səˈpɔrt tɪ ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət ɪt sərvz ə kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˌhaʊˈɛvər, riˈpleɪ ɪz nɑt spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ slip ənd boʊθ ræts ənd ˈpraɪˌmeɪts ʃoʊ saɪnz ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈɔlsoʊ, riˈpleɪ meɪ ˈsɪmpli bi rɪˈzɪʤuəl ˌæktəˈveɪʃən ɪn ˈɛriəz ðət wər ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ˈpriviəsli ɪn ðə ˈlərnɪŋ feɪz ənd meɪ hæv noʊ ˈækʧəwəl ˈifɛkt ɔn ðɪs əv ðə ˈmɛməri ˈtreɪsɪz həz ˈɔlsoʊ bɪn sin ɪn slip spəˈsɪfɪkli fər ˈrisərʧərz hæv ˈnoʊtɪd strɔŋ əv ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs ˈdʊrɪŋ slip ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈæftər ə ˈlərnɪŋ tæsk. ðɪs lɛd tɪ ɛnˈhænst pərˈfɔrməns ɔn ðə ˈlərnɪd ˈrisərʧərz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðɪs laɪn əv wərk hæv kəm tɪ əˈsum ðət drimz ər ə əv ðə əv ðə breɪn ˈɛriəz ənd ðɪs kən ɪkˈspleɪn waɪ drimz meɪ bi ˌənrɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən biɪŋ ðə drim ɪkˈspɪriəns ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz nɑt wət ɛnˈhænsɪz ˈmɛməri pərˈfɔrməns bət ˈrəðər ɪt ɪz ðə əv ðə ˈnʊrəl ˈsərkəts ðət ˈkɔzɪz ðɪs. rɛm slip ˈɛdət ɪz ən ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈərli ʤin (ieg*) θɔt tɪ bi ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn baɪ ən əv ðə ˌtrænˈskrɪpʃən ˈfæktər ˈdʊrɪŋ rɛm slip ˈæftər tɪ ən ɛnˈrɪʧt rɪˈzəlts frəm ˈstədiz ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə ˈifɛkts əv ɔn maɪs breɪnz poʊstˈmɔrtɛm, səˈʤɛst ðət ə ˈweɪkɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns praɪər tɪ slip kən hæv ən ɪnˈdʊrɪŋ ˈifɛkt ɪn ðə breɪn, du tɪ ən ˌɪnˈkris əv ˈɛdət ˈmɛməri ɪz ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ˈpriviəsli kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtəd ˈmɛməriz biɪŋ rɪˈkɔld ənd ˈæktɪvli ɪt ɪz ə dɪˈstɪŋkt ˈprɔˌsɛs ðət sərvz tɪ meɪnˈteɪn, ˈstrɛŋθən ənd ˈmɑdəˌfaɪ ˈmɛməriz ðət ər ɔˈrɛdi stɔrd ɪn ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈmɛməri. wəns ˈmɛməriz ˌəndərˈgoʊ ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ənd bɪˈkəm pɑrt əv ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈmɛməri, ðeɪ ər θɔt əv ɛz ˈsteɪbəl. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə rɪˈtrivəl əv ə ˈmɛməri treɪs kən kɔz əˈnəðər feɪz ðət ðɛn rikˈwaɪərz ən ˈæktɪv ˈprɔˌsɛs tɪ meɪk ðə ˈmɛməri ˈsteɪbəl ˈæftər rɪˈtrivəl ɪz ɪt ɪz bɪˈlivd ðət ˌsteɪbələˈzeɪʃən ɪz ˈdɪfərənt ənd dɪˈstɪŋkt frəm kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, dɪˈspaɪt ɪts ˈoʊvərˌlæp ɪn ˈfəŋkʃən (e.g*. ˈstɔrɪʤ) ənd ɪts ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəmz (e.g*. ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs). ˈmɛməri ˌmɑdəfəˈkeɪʃən nidz tɪ bi ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ɪn ðə rɪˈtrivəl ɪn ˈɔrdər fər ðɪs ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈprɔˌsɛs tɪ bi ˈhɪstəri ˈɛdət ðə ˈθɪri əv həz bɪn dəˈbeɪtɪd fər ˈmɛni jɪrz ənd ɪz stɪl ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl. wɑz fərst ɪn laɪt əv ðə ˌdɪˈskəvri ðət ˈfoʊbiəz kʊd ˈɔfən bi ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪd baɪ minz əv ʃɑk ˈθɛrəpi ˈnidɪd]. ðɪs simd tɪ ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt əv ə ˈprɔˌsɛs fər ɪkˈsaɪtɪd ˈmɛməriz, ənd ðət ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ˈæktɪv ɪn wɑz ðə dɪsˈrəpʃən əv ðət ˈprɔˌsɛs; hir, əv ðə əv riˈtrivd fɪr ˈmɛməriz baɪ ʃɑk ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən. ˈfərðər ˈstədiz ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd ðə ˈjuzɪŋ tɪ tɛst fər; wɑz ɔˈrɛdi noʊn ɛz ən ˈeɪʤənt (lidz tɪ ˈmɛməri lɔs). ðiz ˈstədiz faʊnd ɪt tɪ bi ˈifɛktɪv ɔn riˈtrivd ˈmɛməriz wɪn ədˈmɪnɪstərd dɪˈrɛkli ˈæftər ðə rɪˈtrivəl əv ə ˈleɪtər ˈrisərʧ, wɛˈrɪn fɪr ˈmɛməriz hæd bɪn ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn ræts θru ˌpævˈloʊviən fɪr kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ, faʊnd ðət ə kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtəd fɪr ˈmɛməri kən bi brɔt tɪ ə steɪt, baɪ minz əv ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˌæmɪgˈdɑlə ˌɪnfˈjuʒənz əv ðə ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ˌɪnˈhɪbətər anisomycin*, bət nɑt baɪ ˌɪnfˈjuʒənz meɪd sɪks aʊərz ɪt wɑz kənˈkludɪd ðət kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtəd fɪr ˈmɛməri, wɪn ˈriˈæktəˌveɪtɪd, ˈɛnərz ə ˈʧeɪnʤəbəl steɪt ðət rikˈwaɪərz də ˈnoʊvoʊ ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs fər nu kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, i.e*., əv ðə oʊld ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ fɪr ˈmɛməriz, ˈmɛməriz ər ˈɔlsoʊ proʊn tɪ ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz, wɪʧ kən ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz bi dɪsˈrəptɪd; ˈneɪmli, ˈæftər ˈloʊkəl ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əv ə ˈproʊˌtin ækˈtɪvɪti sɪns ðoʊz ˈbreɪkθˌru ˈstədiz wər dən, ðɛr hæv bɪn ˈsɛvərəl ˈəðərz tɪ proʊb ðə ˈθɪri əv ˈmɛməri. ˈsəbʤɪkts ɪn ðiz ˈstədiz, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈjumənz, hæv ˌɪnˈkludɪd kræbz, ʧɪks, ˈhəniˌbiz, fɪʃ, lymnaea*, ənd ˈvɛriəs ˈfərðər ˈstədiz hæv ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ən ˈænəˌlɔg əv ˈmɛməri ɪn ˈspaɪnəl kɔrd peɪn ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ˈpæθˌweɪz, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ə ˈʤɛnərəl roʊl fər ɪn ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈnərvəs ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəmz ˈɛdət səm ˈstədiz hæv səˈpɔrtɪd ðɪs ˈθɪri, waɪl ˈəðərz hæv feɪld tɪ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt dɪsˈrəpʃən əv kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtəd ˈmɛməri ˈæftər rɪˈtrivəl. ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ noʊt ðət ˈnɛgətɪv rɪˈzəlts meɪ bi ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv kənˈdɪʃənz wɛr ˈmɛməriz ər nɑt səˈsɛptəbəl tɪ ə ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt dɪsˈrəpʃən, ðəs ə dɪˈtərmənɪŋ ˈfæktər əv ˈæftər məʧ dəˈbeɪt ənd ə dɪˈteɪld ˌrivˈju əv ðɪs fild ɪt hæd bɪn kənˈkludɪd ðət wɑz ə ril ənd ˈteɪlər kəmˈpaɪld ə ˈlɛŋθi ˈsəməri əv ˈməltəpəl ˈstədiz, ˈnoʊtɪŋ ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈstədiz wər əˈneɪbəl tɪ ʃoʊ ˈmɛməri ˌɪmˈpɛrmənts du tɪ blɑkt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər ðə nid fər ˈstændərˌdaɪzd ˈmɛθədz wɑz ˌəndərˈskɔrd ɛz ɪn səm ˈlərnɪŋ tæsks səʧ ɛz fɪr kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ, ˈsərtən fɔrmz əv ˈmɛməri kʊd ˈæˌkʧuəli ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt nu ɪkˈstɪŋʃən ˈlərnɪŋ ˈrəðər ðən ˌæktəˈveɪʃən əv ən oʊld ˈmɛməri treɪs. ˈəndər ðɪs ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti, trəˈdɪʃənəl dɪsˈrəpʃənz əv maɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli meɪnˈteɪn ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈmɛməri treɪs bət prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ðə kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən əv ɪkˈstɪŋʃən ˈrisənt wərk həz səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ˌɛpɪʤəˈnɛtɪk ˌmɑdəfəˈkeɪʃənz meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ prɪˈvɛnt ɪn səm ðə rɪˈmuvəl əv ðiz ˌɛpɪʤəˈnɛtɪk ˌmɑdəfəˈkeɪʃənz wɪθ ˌɪnˈhɪbətərz əv ɪˈneɪbəld ðə əv rɪˈmoʊt ˈmɛməriz ˈæftər ˈriˌkɔl. ɪkˈspɛrəmənts ər mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ rən ðən ˈtɪpɪkəl kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ɪkˈspɛrəmənts ɛz dɪsˈrəpʃən əv ə ˈpriviəsli kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtəd ˈmɛməri məst bi ʃoʊn tɪ bi spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ðə əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈmɛməri treɪs. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt ðət ðə ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪti əv əˈkərz ɪn ə ˈlɪmɪtɪd taɪm freɪm, wɪʧ kən bi əˈsɛst baɪ dɪˈleɪɪŋ ˌɪnfˈjuʒən tɪl sɪks aʊərz ˈæftər. ɪt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈjusfəl tɪ ʃoʊ ðət ðə bɪˈheɪvjərəl ˈmɛʒər juzd tɪ əˈsɛs dɪsˈrəpʃən əv ˈmɛməri ɪz nɑt ʤɪst du tɪ tæsk ˌɪmˈpɛrmənt kɔzd baɪ ðə prəˈsiʤər, wɪʧ kən bi ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd baɪ ˈtɛstɪŋ kənˈtroʊl grups ɪn ˈæbsəns əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈlərnɪŋ. ˈfaɪnəli, ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ rul aʊt ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃənz, səʧ ɛz ɪkˈstɪŋʃən ˈlərnɪŋ baɪ ˈlɛŋθənɪŋ ðə ðɛr hæv ˈɔlsoʊ bɪn kənˈsərnz əˈbaʊt ðə juz əv ˈrisərʧ tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛrəpi ˈtritmənts, ənd ðə əv ˈbeɪsɪk ˈrisərʧ ˈɪntu ðə ˈθɛrəpi dɪˈstɪŋkʃənz frəm kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ˈɛdət kˈwɛsʧənz əroʊz ɪf wɑz ə juˈnik ˈprɔˌsɛs ər ˈmɪrli əˈnəðər feɪz əv kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən. boʊθ kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən ənd kən bi dɪsˈrəptɪd baɪ ˌfɑrməkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈeɪʤənts (e.g*. ðə ˈproʊˌtin ˈsɪnθəsəs ˌɪnˈhɪbətər anisomycin*) ənd boʊθ ˌrikˈwaɪər ðə ˌtrænˈskrɪpʃən ˈfæktər creb*. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈrisənt ˌæmɪgˈdɑlə ˈrisərʧ səˈʤɛsts ðət ɪz rikˈwaɪərd fər kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən (bət nɑt) wɛˈræz ðə ˌtrænˈskrɪpʃən ˈfæktər ənd ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈərli ʤin ɪz rikˈwaɪərd fər bət nɑt ə ˈsɪmələr ˈdəbəl dɪˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən bɪtˈwin fər ənd fər kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən wɑz faʊnd ɪn ðə ˌhɪpoʊˈkæmpəs fər fɪr ˌhaʊˈɛvər, nɑt ɔl ˈmɛməri tæsks ʃoʊ ðɪs ˈdəbəl dɪˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən, səʧ ɛz ˈɑbʤɛkt ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən ɪn ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛrəpi ˈɛdət ɪn ðə ˈdɛkeɪd bɪtˈwin 2005 ənd 2015 æt list faɪv grups ˈɑrgjud ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət ˈmɛməri kən bi juzd tɪ trit ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl θri əv ðiz grups hæv prəˈpoʊzd ðət ðə waɪd vərˈaɪəti əv ˈdɪfərənt ˈproʊdus ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt ʧeɪnʤ ɪn klaɪənts tɪ ðə ɪkˈstɛnt ðət ðeɪ ˈmænɪʤ tɪ ˈæktəˌveɪt ðɪs seɪm ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm əv ɪn ə weɪ ðət lidz tɪ ˈmɛməri meɪ bi ə ˈkɑmən ˈfæktər ɪn ˈmɛni fɔrmz əv si ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛdət ˈrɛfərənsɪz ˈɛdət
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memory consolidation is a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after its initial acquisition.[1] consolidation is distinguished into two specific processes, synaptic consolidation, which is synonymous with late-phase long-term potentiation[2] and occurs within the first few hours after learning, and systems consolidation, where hippocampus-dependent memories become independent of the hippocampus over a period of weeks to years. recently, a third process has become the focus of research, reconsolidation, in which previously-consolidated memories can be made labile again through reactivation of the memory trace.
the line processes to make information memory.
history [ edit ]
memory consolidation was first referred to in the writings of the renowned roman teacher of rhetoric quintillian. he noted the "curious fact… that the interval of a single night will greatly increase the strength of the memory," and presented the possibility that "… the power of recollection .. undergoes a process of ripening and maturing during the time which intervenes." the process of consolidation was later proposed based on clinical data illustrated in 1882 by ribot’s law of regression, "progressive destruction advances progressively from the unstable to the stable". this idea was elaborated on by william h. burnham a few years later in a paper on amnesia integrating findings from experimental psychology and neurology. coining of the term "consolidation" is credited to the german researchers müller and alfons pilzecker who rediscovered the concept that memory takes time to fixate or undergo "konsolidierung" in their studies conducted between 1892 and 1900.[1] the two proposed the perseveration-consolidation hypothesis after they found that new information learned could disrupt information previously learnt if not enough time had passed to allow the old information to be consolidated.[3] this led to the suggestion that new memories are fragile in nature but as time passes they become solidified.[3]
lateral view of the hippocampus which is located in the medial temporal lobe
systematic studies of anterograde amnesia started to emerge in the 1960s and 1970s. the case of henry molaison, formerly known as patient h.m., became a landmark in studies of memory as it relates to amnesia and the removal of the hippocampal zone and sparked massive interest in the study of brain lesions and their effect on memory. after molaison underwent a bilateral medial temporal lobe resection to alleviate epileptic symptoms the patient began to suffer from memory impairments. molaison lost the ability to encode and consolidate newly learned information leading researchers to conclude the medial temporal lobe (mtl) was an important structure involved in this process.[4] molaison also showed signs of retrograde amnesia spanning a period of about 3 years prior to the surgery suggesting that recently acquired memories of as long as a couple years could remain in the mtl prior to consolidation into other brain areas.[5] research into other patients with resections of the mtl have shown a positive relationship between the degree of memory impairment and the extent of mtl removal which points to a temporal gradient in the consolidating nature of the mtl.[4]
these studies were accompanied by the creation of animal models of human amnesia in an effort to identify brain substrates critical for slow consolidation. meanwhile, neuropharmacological studies of selected brain areas began to shed light on the molecules possibly responsible for fast consolidation.[1] in recent decades, advancements in cellular preparations, molecular biology, and neurogenetics have revolutionized the study of consolidation. providing additional support is the study of functional brain activity in humans which has revealed that the activity of brain regions changes over time after a new memory is acquired.[4] this change can occur as quickly as a couple hours after the memory has been encoded suggesting that there is a temporal dimension to the reorganization of the memory as it is represented in the brain.[3]
synaptic consolidation [ edit ]
synaptic consolidation, or late-phase ltp,[2] is one form of memory consolidation seen across all species and long-term memory tasks. long-term memory, when discussed in the context of synaptic consolidation, is memory that lasts for at least 24 hours. an exception to this 24-hour rule is long-term potentiation, or ltp, a model of synaptic plasticity related to learning, in which an hour is thought to be sufficient. synaptic consolidation is achieved faster than systems consolidation, within only minutes to hours of learning in goldfish.[1] ltp, one of the best understood forms of synaptic plasticity, is thought to be a possible underlying process in synaptic consolidation.
standard model [ edit ]
the standard model of synaptic consolidation suggests that alterations of synaptic protein synthesis and changes in membrane potential are achieved through activating intracellular transduction cascades. these molecular cascades trigger transcription factors that lead to changes in gene expression. the result of the gene expression is the lasting alteration of synaptic proteins, as well as synaptic remodeling and growth. in a short time-frame immediately following learning, the molecular cascade, expression and process of both transcription factors and immediate early genes, are susceptible to disruptions. disruptions caused by specific drugs, antibodies and gross physical trauma can block the effects of synaptic consolidation.[1]
long-term potentiation [ edit ]
ltp can be thought of as the prolonged strengthening of synaptic transmission,[6] and is known to produce increases in the neurotransmitter production and receptor sensitivity, lasting minutes to even days. the process of ltp is regarded as a contributing factor to synaptic plasticity and in the growth of synaptic strength, which are suggested to underlie memory formation. ltp is also considered to be an important mechanism in terms of maintaining memories within brain regions,[7] and therefore is thought to be involved in learning.[6] there is compelling evidence that ltp is critical for pavlovian fear conditioning in rats suggesting that it mediates learning and memory in mammals. specifically, nmda-receptor antagonists appear to block the induction of both ltp and fear conditioning and that fear conditioning increases amygdaloidal synaptic transmission that would result in ltp.[8]
timeline of consolidation [ edit ]
synaptic consolidation, when compared to systems consolidation (which is said to take weeks to months to years to be accomplished), is considerably faster. there is evidence to suggest that synaptic consolidation takes place within minutes to hours of memory encoding or learning, and as such is considered the ‘fast’ type of consolidation.[1] as soon as six hours after training, memories become impervious to interferences that disrupt synaptic consolidation and the formation of long-term memory.
spacing effect [ edit ]
distributed learning has been found to enhance memory consolidation, specifically for relational memory. experimental results suggest that distributing learning over the course of 24 hours decreases the rate of forgetting compared to massed learning, and enhances relational memory consolidation. when interpreted in the context of synaptic consolidation, mechanisms of synaptic strengthening may depend on the spacing of memory reactivation to allow sufficient time for protein synthesis to occur, and thereby strengthen long-term memory.[9]
protein synthesis [ edit ]
protein synthesis plays an important role in the formation of new memories. studies have shown that protein synthesis inhibitors administered after learning, weaken memory, suggesting that protein synthesis is required for memory consolidation. additionally, reports have suggested that the effects of protein synthesis inhibitors also inhibit ltp.[10] however, it should be noted that other results have shown that protein synthesis may not in fact be necessary for memory consolidation, as it has been found that the formation of memories can withstand vast amounts of protein synthesis inhibition, suggesting that this criterion of protein synthesis as necessary for memory consolidation is not unconditional.[10]
systems consolidation [ edit ]
systems consolidation is the second form of memory consolidation. it is a reorganization process in which memories from the hippocampal region, where memories are first encoded, are moved to the neo-cortex in a more permanent form of storage.[11] systems consolidation is a slow dynamic process that can take from one to two decades to be fully formed in humans, unlike synaptic consolidation that only takes minutes to hours for new information to stabilize into memories.[11]
standard model [ edit ]
the standard model of systems consolidation has been summarized by squire and alvarez (1995);[12] it states that when novel information is originally encoded and registered, memory of these new stimuli becomes retained in both the hippocampus and cortical regions.[13] later the hippocampus’ representations of this information become active in explicit (conscious) recall or implicit (unconscious) recall like in sleep and ‘offline’ processes.[1]
memory is retained in the hippocampus for up to one week after initial learning, representing the hippocampus-dependent stage.[13] during this stage the hippocampus is ‘teaching’ the cortex more and more about the information and when the information is recalled it strengthens the cortico-cortical connection thus making the memory hippocampus-independent.[1] therefore, from one week and beyond the initial training experience, the memory is slowly transferred to the neo-cortex where it becomes permanently stored.[1] in this view the hippocampus can perform the task of storing memories temporarily because the synapses are able to change quickly whereas the neocortical synapses change over time.[12] consolidation is thus the process whereby the hippocampus activates the neocortex continually leading to strong connections between the two. since the hippocampus can only support memories temporarily the remaining activation will be seen only in the neocortex which is able to support memory indefinitely. squire and alvarez took the temporally graded nature of patients with retrograde amnesia as support for the notion that once a connection has been established within the neocortex the hippocampus is no longer required, but this process is dynamic and extends for several years.
squire and alvarez also proposed the idea that mtl structures play a role in the consolidation of memories within the neocortex by providing a binding area for multiple cortical regions involved in the initial encoding of the memory.[12] in this sense the mtl would act as a relay station for the various perceptual input that make up a memory and stores it as a whole event. after this has occurred the mtl directs information towards the neocortex to provide a permanent representation of the memory.
multiple trace theory [ edit ]
multiple trace theory (mtt) builds on the distinction between semantic memory and episodic memory and addresses perceived shortcomings of the standard model with respect to the dependency of the hippocampus. mtt argues that the hippocampus is always involved in the retrieval and storage of episodic memories.[14] it is thought that semantic memories, including basic information encoded during the storage of episodic memories, can be established in structures apart from the hippocampal system such as the neo-cortex in the process of consolidation.[14] hence, while proper hippocampal functioning is necessary for the retention and retrieval of episodic memories, it is less necessary during the encoding and use of semantic memories. as memories age there are long-term interactions between the hippocampus and neo-cortex and this leads to the establishment of aspects of memory within structures aside from the hippocampus.[14] mtt thus states that both episodic and semantic memories rely on the hippocampus and the latter becomes somewhat independent of the hippocampus during consolidation.[14] an important distinction between mtt and the standard model is that the standard model proposes that all memories become independent of the hippocampus after several years. however, nadel and moscovitch have shown that the hippocampus was involved in memory recall for all remote autobiographical memories no matter of their age.[14] an important point they make while interpreting the results is that activation in the hippocampus was equally as strong regardless of the fact that the memories recalled were as old as 45 years prior to the date of the experiment.[14] this is complicated by the fact that the hippocampus is constantly involved in the encoding of new events and activation due to this fact is hard to separate using baseline measures.[14] because of this, activation of the hippocampus during retrieval of distant memories may simply be a by-product of the subject encoding the study as an event.[14]
criticisms [ edit ]
haist, gore, and mao, sought to examine the temporal nature of consolidation within the hippocampus to test mtt against the standard view.[15] they found that the hippocampus does not substantially contribute to the recollection of remote memories after a period of a few years. they claim that advances in the functional magnetic resonance imaging have allowed them to improve their distinction between the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex which they claim is more enduring in its activation from remote memory retrieval.[15] they also criticize the use of memories during testing which cannot be confirmed as accurate.[15] finally, they state that the initial interview in the scanner acted as an encoding event as such differences between recent and remote memories would be obscured.[15]
semantic vs. episodic memory [ edit ]
nadel and moscovitch argued that when studying the structures and systems involved in memory consolidation, semantic memory and episodic memory need to be distinguished as relying on two different memory systems. when episodic information is encoded there are semantic aspects of the memory that are encoded as well and this is proposed as an explanation of the varying gradients of memory loss seen in amnesic patients.[14] amnesic patients with hippocampal damage show traces of memories and this has been used as support for the standard model because it suggests that memories are retained apart from the hippocampal system.[14] nadel and mocovitch argue that these retained memories have lost the richness of experience and exist as depersonalized events that have been semanticized over time.[14] they suggest that this instead provides support for their notion that episodic memories rely significantly on the hippocampal system but semantic memories can be established elsewhere in the brain and survive hippocampal damage.[14]
declarative vs. procedural knowledge consolidation [ edit ]
learning can be distinguished by two forms of knowledge: declarative and procedural. declarative information includes the conscious recall of facts, episodes, and lists, and its storage typically connected with the mtl and the hippocampal systems as it includes the encoding of both semantic and episodic information of events. procedural knowledge however has been said to function separate from this system as it relies primarily on motor areas of the brain.[16] the implicit nature of procedural knowledge allows it to exist absent from the conscious awareness that the information is there. amnesic patients have shown retained ability to be trained on tasks and exhibit learning without the subject being aware that the training had ever taken place.[16] this introduces a dissociation between the two forms of memory and the fact that one form can exist absent the other suggests separate mechanisms are involved in consolidation. squire has proposed the procedural knowledge is consolidated in some cases by the extrapyramidal motor system.[16] squire demonstrated that intact learning of certain motor, perceptual, and cognitive skills can be retained in patients with amnesia.[16] they also retain the ability to be influenced by priming effects without the patients being able to consciously recall any training session occurring.[16]
emotional and stressful memory consolidation [ edit ]
the amygdala, specifically the basolateral region (bla) is involved in the encoding of significant experiences and has been directly linked to memorable events.[3] extensive evidence suggests that stress hormones such as epinephrine play a critical role in consolidating new memories and this is why stressful memories are recalled vividly.[17] studies by gold and van buskirk provided initial evidence for this relationship when they showed that injections of epinephrine into subjects following a training period resulted in greater long-term retention of task related memories.[18][19] this study also provided evidence that the level of epinephrine injected was related to the level of retention suggesting that the level of stress or emotionality of the memory plays a role on the level of retention. it is suggested that epinephrine affects memory consolidation by activating the amygdala and studies have shown that antagonism of beta-andrenoreceptors prior to injection of epinephrine will block the retention of memory effects seen previously.[20][21] this is supported by the fact that beta-adrenoreceptor agonists have the opposite effect on the enhancement of memory consolidation.[20][21] the bla is thought to be actively involved in memory consolidation and is influenced strongly by stress hormones resulting in increased activation and as such increased memory retention.[17] the bla then projects to the hippocampus resulting in a strengthened memory.[3] this relationship was studied by packard and chen who found that when glutamate was administered to the hippocampus, enhanced consolidation was seen during food-rewarded maze tasks.[22] the opposite effect was also seen when the amygdala was inactivated using lidocane.[22] studies appear to suggest that the amygdala effects the consolidation of memories through its influence with stress hormones and the projections to other brain areas implicated in memory consolidation.[3]
sleep consolidation [ edit ]
rapid eye movement (rem) sleep has been thought of to be an important concept in the overnight learning in humans by establishing information in the hippocampal and cortical regions of the brain.[23] rem sleep elicits an increase in neuronal activity following an enriched or novel waking experience, thus increasing neuronal plasticity and therefore playing an essential role in the consolidation of memories.[24] this has come into question in recent years however and studies on sleep deprivation have shown that animals and humans who are denied rem sleep do not show deficits in task learning. it has been proposed that since the brain is in a non-memory encoding state during sleep, consolidation would be unlikely to occur.[25]
recent studies have examined the relationship between rem sleep and procedural learning consolidation. in particular studies have been done on sensory and motor related tasks. in one study testing finger-tapping, people were split into two groups and tested post-training with or without intervening sleep; results concluded that sleep post-training increases both speed and accuracy in this particular task, while increasing the activation of both cortical and hippocampal regions; whereas the post-training awake group had no such improvements.[23] it has been theorized that this may be related more-so to a process of synaptic consolidation rather than systems consolidation because of the short-term nature of the process involved.[25] researchers examining the effect of sleep on motor learning have noted that while consolidation occurs over a period of 4–6 hours during sleep, this is also true during waking hours, which may negate any role of sleep in learning.[25] in this sense sleep would serve no special purpose to enhance consolidation of memories because it occurs independently of sleep. other studies have examined the process of replay which has been described as a reactivation of patterns that were stimulated during a learning phase. replay has been demonstrated in the hippocampus and this has lent support to the notion that it serves a consolidation purpose.[25] however, replay is not specific to sleep and both rats and primates show signs during restful-awake periods.[25] also, replay may simply be residual activation in areas that were involved previously in the learning phase and may have no actual effect on consolidation.[25] this reactivation of the memory traces has also been seen in non-rem sleep specifically for hippocampus-dependant memories.[26] researchers have noted strong reactivation of the hippocampus during sleep immediately after a learning task. this reactivation led to enhanced performance on the learned task.[26] researchers following this line of work have come to assume that dreams are a by-product of the reactivation of the brain areas and this can explain why dreams may be unrelated to the information being consolidated.[26] the dream experience itself is not what enhances memory performance but rather it is the reactivation of the neural circuits that causes this.
zif268 & rem sleep [ edit ]
zif268 is an immediate early gene (ieg) thought to be involved in neuroplasticity by an up-regulation of the transcription factor during rem sleep after pre-exposure to an enriched environment.[24] results from studies testing the effects of zif268 on mice brains postmortem, suggest that a waking experience prior to sleep can have an enduring effect in the brain, due to an increase of neuroplasticity.[24]
reconsolidation [ edit ]
memory reconsolidation is the process of previously consolidated memories being recalled and actively consolidated.[6] it is a distinct process that serves to maintain, strengthen and modify memories that are already stored in the long-term memory. once memories undergo the process of consolidation and become part of long-term memory, they are thought of as stable. however, the retrieval of a memory trace can cause another labile phase that then requires an active process to make the memory stable after retrieval is complete.[6] it is believed that post-retrieval stabilization is different and distinct from consolidation, despite its overlap in function (e.g. storage) and its mechanisms (e.g. protein synthesis). memory modification needs to be demonstrated in the retrieval in order for this independent process to be valid.[6]
history [ edit ]
the theory of reconsolidation has been debated for many years and is still controversial. reconsolidation was first conceptualized in light of the discovery that phobias could often be eliminated by means of electroconvulsive shock therapy (ect)[citation needed]. this seemed to indicate the involvement of a re-consolidation process for excited memories, and that the operation active in ect was the disruption of that process; here, of the reconsolidation of retrieved fear memories by shock administration.
further studies investigated the concept,[6] using ect to test for reconsolidation; ect was already known as an amnesic agent (leads to memory loss). these studies found it to be effective on retrieved memories when administered directly after the retrieval of a memory.[1]
later research, wherein fear memories had been established in rats through pavlovian fear conditioning, found that a consolidated fear memory can be brought to a labile state, by means of immediate amygdala infusions of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, but not by infusions made six hours afterwards.[27] it was concluded that consolidated fear memory, when reactivated, enters a changeable state that requires de novo protein synthesis for new consolidation, i.e., re-consolidation of the old memory.[27]
in addition to fear memories, appetitive memories are also prone to reconsolidation episodes, which can likewise be disrupted; namely, after local administration of a protein activity inhibitor.[28]
since those breakthrough studies were done, there have been several others to probe the theory of memory reconsolidation. subjects in these studies, along with humans, have included crabs, chicks, honeybees, medaka fish, lymnaea, and various rodents.[6] further studies have demonstrated an analogue of memory reconsolidation in spinal cord pain processing pathways, suggesting a general role for reconsolidation in the central nervous system.[29]
criticisms [ edit ]
some studies have supported this theory, while others have failed to demonstrate disruption of consolidated memory after retrieval. it is important to note that negative results may be examples of conditions where memories are not susceptible to a permanent disruption, thus a determining factor of reconsolidation.[6] after much debate and a detailed review of this field it had been concluded that reconsolidation was a real phenomenon.[30] tronson and taylor compiled a lengthy summary of multiple reconsolidation studies, noting a number of studies were unable to show memory impairments due to blocked reconsolidation. however the need for standardized methods was underscored as in some learning tasks such as fear conditioning, certain forms of memory reactivation could actually represent new extinction learning rather than activation of an old memory trace. under this possibility, traditional disruptions of reconsolidation might actually maintain the original memory trace but preventing the consolidation of extinction learning.[6] recent work has suggested that epigenetic modifications may also prevent reconsolidation in some cases.[31] the removal of these epigenetic modifications with inhibitors of histone deacetylase enabled the erasure of remote memories after recall.
reconsolidation experiments are more difficult to run than typical consolidation experiments as disruption of a previously consolidated memory must be shown to be specific to the reactivation of the original memory trace. furthermore, it is important to demonstrate that the vulnerability of reactivation occurs in a limited time frame, which can be assessed by delaying infusion till six hours after reactivation. it is also useful to show that the behavioral measure used to assess disruption of memory is not just due to task impairment caused by the procedure, which can be demonstrated by testing control groups in absence of the original learning. finally, it is important to rule out alternative explanations, such as extinction learning by lengthening the reactivation phase.[6] there have also been concerns about the use of reconsolidation research to justify psychotherapy treatments, and the generalizability of basic reconsolidation research into the therapy room[32]
distinctions from consolidation [ edit ]
questions arose if reconsolidation was a unique process or merely another phase of consolidation. both consolidation and reconsolidation can be disrupted by pharmacological agents (e.g. the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin) and both require the transcription factor creb. however, recent amygdala research suggests that bdnf is required for consolidation (but not reconsolidation) whereas the transcription factor and immediate early gene zif268 is required for reconsolidation but not consolidation.[33] a similar double dissociation between zif268 for reconsolidation and bdnf for consolidation was found in the hippocampus for fear conditioning.[34] however, not all memory tasks show this double dissociation, such as object recognition memory.[35]
reconsolidation in psychotherapy [ edit ]
in the decade between 2005 and 2015, at least five groups argued the notion that memory reconsolidation can be used to treat psychological problems.[36][37][38][39][40] three of these groups have proposed that the wide variety of different psychotherapies produce permanent change in clients to the extent that they manage to activate this same neurobiological mechanism of reconsolidation in a way that leads to deconsolidation.[38][39][41] memory reconsolidation may be a common factor in many forms of psychotherapy.[41]
see also [ edit ]
references [ edit ]
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ˈʤeɪmi (mɔr ðən) dəst ɪz nɑt ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ʃʊd hæv tɪ ɪgˈzɪst bət ɪt dɪz, ənd ɪt ɪgˈzɪsts unapologetically*. ðə bʊk ˈfiʧərz ˈpɔrtrəts əv ˈwɪmən, trænz ˈwɪmən, ənd ˈpipəl, əˈkəmpənid baɪ ˈfoʊˌtoʊz əv ˈtɑksɪk θɪŋz ðət hæv bɪn sɛd tɪ ðɛm ðə ˈhərtfəl kwoʊts ˈrɪtən daʊn ənd ˈrɛkriˌeɪtɪd fər ɔl tɪ si. ðə ˈvaɪbrənt ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ɪˈvoʊk ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪti, ˈæŋgər, strɛŋθ, ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti fər ˈhilɪŋ, ənd məʧ, məʧ mɔr. ˈʤeɪmi ˌɑlɪˈveɪrə (mɔr ðən) dəst waɪl (mɔr ðən) dəst wɑz ə juʤ ˈəndərˌteɪkɪŋ, ɪt bɪˈgæn wɪθ wən ˌsɛlfˈpɔrtrət. ɪn 2013 ˈʤeɪmi wɑz rɪˈflɛktɪŋ ɔn haʊ ˌɪnˈtərnəˌlaɪzd ˈtɑksɪk ˈmɛsɪʤɪz frəm ˈpriviəs riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp daɪˈnæmɪks, wɪn (ɪn ən ˈɛfərt tɪ hil) ʃi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ poʊst ə sɛlf ˈpɔrtrət ɔn hər blɔg wɪθ ə lɪst əv ˈhərtfəl θɪŋz ðət hæd bɪn sɛd tɪ hər baɪ hər ənd hər ˈfæməli. ðə rɪˈspɑns wɑz ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ. ʃi ðɛn ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ pʊt ə kɔl tɪ ˈækʃən ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈpoʊstərz əraʊnd ðə beɪ ˈɛriə, ˈæskɪŋ ˈəðər ˈpipəl tɪ ʃɛr ðɛr ˈstɔriz wɪθ hər ʤɪst tɪ si wət maɪt ˈhæpən. ˈʤeɪmi ˌɑlɪˈveɪrə sɛlf ˈpɔrtrət ʃɛr, ˈpipəl dɪd. wɪθ ðə ˌaʊtˈpɔrɪŋ əv rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈʤeɪmi rɪˈsivd, ʃi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ kriˈeɪt ə ˈdɑkjəmənɪŋ ðə ˈstɔriz əv ðoʊz hu riʧt aʊt tɪ hər ɛz sərˈvaɪvərz əv ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl əˈbjuz. ʃi sɔt ˈfəndɪŋ ˈviə ə kæmˈpeɪn ənd rɪˈsivd ˈbækɪŋ frəm 141 ˈpipəl. ʤɪst læst wik, tu jɪrz ˈæftər ðə bɔl ˈstɑrtɪd ˈroʊlɪŋ, ʃi sɛnt aʊt hər fərst rən əv ðə kəmˈplitɪd bʊks. ˈʤeɪmi ˌɑlɪˈveɪrə (mɔr ðən) dəst ðə ˈpɔrtrəts ðɛmˈsɛlvz ər ˈbjutəfəl ənd strɔŋ; ðiz ˈpipəl ər klɪr sərˈvaɪvərz, ənd pruf ðət strɛŋθ kən wɪθ ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪti. ˌɑlɪˈveɪrə ˈpərpəsfəli ˌʤəkstəˈpoʊzd ðə ˈpɔrtrəts wɪθ ðə stɑrk ˈɪmɪʤri əv ðə hɑrʃ tɛkst. ðɪs ˌʤəkstəpəˈzɪʃən ʃɑks ˈridərz ˈɪntu ˌriˈæləˌti ðə ˌriˈæləˌti ðət əˈbjuz ɪz nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈfɪzɪkəl ər ˈɑbviəs, ɪt kən bi ɛz kwaɪət ɛz ə ˈwɪspər, ənd ɪt kən ˈhæpən tɪ ˈɛniˌwən. wi ˈɪntərvˌjud ˈʤeɪmi əˈbaʊt ˈteɪkɪŋ ɔn səʧ ə juʤ ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˈprɑʤɛkt, wət ðə rɪˈspɑns həz bɪn tɪ hər wərk, ənd haʊ ˈteɪkən kɛr əv hərˈsɛlf ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. (hg*): kən ju tɛl ˈjuˈɛs ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt əˈbaʊt jʊr ˌɪˈnɪʃəl sɛlf ˈpɔrtrət, ənd haʊ ðɪs ˈprɑʤɛkt ərˈɪʤəˌneɪtəd? ˈʤeɪmi ˌɑlɪˈveɪrə (ʤoʊ): ɪn 2013 aɪ hæd ˈrisəntli kəm aʊt əv ə ˈrɪli ˈtɑksɪk riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp. wən deɪ, ˈæftər rɪˈtərnɪŋ frəm ə ˈfæməli trɪp tɪ ʤəˈpæn, aɪ wɑz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt haʊ aɪ hæd ˌɪnˈtərnəˌlaɪzd səm əv ðət ˈtritmənt nɑt ˈoʊnli frəm maɪ, bət ˈɔlsoʊ haʊ səm ˈtɑksɪk daɪˈnæmɪks wər æt pleɪ ɪn maɪ ˈfæməli, ənd aɪ gɑt ˈɪntu ə ˈrɪli rɪˈflɛktɪv moʊd. pɑrt əv ˈhilɪŋ, fər mi, ɪz ˈʃɛrɪŋ ðiz ˈvɛriəs ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz, ənd traɪɪŋ tɪ si haʊ aɪ kən ɪkˈspɛl ðɛm, soʊ aɪ ˈpoʊstɪd ə sɛlf ˈpɔrtrət ɔn maɪ blɔg wɪθ ə lɪst əv ˈhərtfəl θɪŋz ðət hæd bɪn sɛd tɪ mi tɪ traɪ tɪ pʊl ðɛm aʊt əv ˌmaɪˈsɛlf. aɪ rɪˈsivd ə tən əv səˈpɔrt, ənd wən əv ðə ˈwɪmən hu ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈfiʧərd ɪn (mɔr ðən) dəst ˈkɑmɛntəd ənd səˈʤɛstɪd ðət aɪ ʃʊd tərn ɪt ˈɪntu ə ˈplætˌfɔrm fər ˈəðər ˈpipəl tɪ ʃɛr. ɪt ʤɪst ˈhæpənd ɔrˈgænɪkli, ənd aɪ pʊt aʊt ə kɔl tɪ ˈækʃən ˈæskɪŋ fər ˈəðər ˈpipəl tɪ tɛl ðɛr ˈstɔriz. hg*: wɑz ðət ˌɪˈnɪʃəl poʊst kəˈθɑrtɪk fər ju, ər dɪd ju fil ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmd bɪˈkəz əv ðə juʤ rɪˈspɑns? ʤoʊ: ɪt ˈrɪli dɪd fil kəˈθɑrtɪk. aɪ wɑz ˈkɛriɪŋ ə lɔt əv θɪŋz wɪθ mi, ənd aɪ noʊ wɛr ɪt wɑz seɪf tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ðoʊz θɪŋz. fər səm ˈrizən, ɪt fɛlt ˈseɪfəst tɪ ˈoʊpən əp ˈpəblɪkli, bɪˈkəz maɪ wərdz ənd ˈɪmɪʤɪz kʊd riʧ ˈəðər ˈpipəl ˈɔnˌlaɪn. ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ðiz sɔrts əv ˈɪʃuz həz ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ə greɪt weɪ tɪ ˈnævəˌgeɪt ˌɪntərˈpərsənəl ˈspeɪsɪz, fər mi. ˈʤeɪmi ˌɑlɪˈveɪrə (mɔr ðən) dəst hg*: bɪˈkəz ðɪs ˈprɔˌsɛs bɪˈgæn aʊt əv ˈpoʊstɪŋ jʊr oʊn sɛlf ˈpɔrtrət, ˈɑbviəsli ˈvɛri ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd. haʊ hæv ju ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn sɛlf kɛr ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈprɔˌsɛs? ʤoʊ: ə lɔt əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɪs bʊk ʤɪst hæd tɪ du wɪθ ˈmeɪkɪŋ speɪs fər ə reɪnʤ əv ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz, ˈwɛðər ˈæŋgər, ˈsædnəs, peɪn, ər ˈhilɪŋ, ənd ˈlɛtɪŋ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf hoʊld speɪs fər ðoʊz ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz. aɪ fil laɪk aɪ hæv ə dɪˈrɛkt ˈʧænəl tɪ maɪ oʊn ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz naʊ. waɪl ˈmeɪkɪŋ (mɔr ðən) dəst, aɪ fɛlt ˈæŋgri ə lɔt əv ðə taɪm, bɪˈkəz ðiz ˈstɔriz ˈpipəl hæv ˈriˌleɪd tɪ mi ər ˈhərtfəl, bət aɪ ˈlərnɪd tɪ ˈʧænəl ðət ˈɪntu ðə ɑrt əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈɪmɪʤɪz. ɪt wɑz ˈrɪli ˈhilɪŋ tɪ fil laɪk ðɛr wɑz ə ˈʧænəl tɪ pʊt maɪ ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz ɪn, waɪl æt ðə seɪm taɪm ˈrɪli ˈlərnɪŋ tɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns ðɛm. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ɪt wɑz ˈprɪti ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ˈdreɪnɪŋ, ɛz məʧ ɛz ɪt wɑz ˈhilɪŋ. wɪn aɪ fɛlt laɪk aɪ wɔnt tɪ wərk ɔn ɪt, aɪ ˈsɪmpli wouldn’t*. ðə bʊk wɑz ˈfəndɪd ɔn, soʊ ðɛr wɑz ə ˈdɛˌdlaɪn əv sɔrts, bət aɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli hæv ɪt dən baɪ ðɛn bɪˈkəz ðɛr wər taɪmz aɪ ˈrɪli ˈnidɪd tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˌmaɪˈsɛlf. aɪ ˈrɪli ˈnidɪd tɪ pʊt maɪ nidz fərst, ənd ðət wɑz ˌoʊˈkeɪ. hg*: ˌæbsəˈlutli, ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pɑrt əv ˈhilɪŋ. wət həz bɪn ðə riˈækʃən tɪ ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt? ʤoʊ: rɪˈsivd ə ˈprɪti ɪkˈstrim riˈækʃən ɔn boʊθ ɛndz əv ðə ˈspɛktrəm. ðɛr ər ˈpipəl hu hæv bɪn ˈrɪli ɪkˈsaɪtɪd ðət ˈhæpənɪŋ ənd θɪŋk ðə wərk həz ə greɪt pəˈtɛnʃəl fər ˈhilɪŋ, ənd ðɛn ðɛr ər ˈpipəl hu hæv ˈrɪli ˈnɛgətɪv θɪŋz tɪ seɪ. wɪθ ˈɛni kaɪnd əv ɑrˈtɪstɪk ər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ækt əv rɪˈzɪstəns, ðɛr ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ən ˈikwəl rɪˈzɪstəns, soʊ aɪ wɑz ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ səm əv ðət, bət aɪ ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ðə lɛŋθs ˈpipəl wʊd bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ goʊ tɪ tɪ ʃeɪm ðɪs wərk, ˈivɪn ˌbiˈfɔr aɪ wɑz ˈfɪnɪʃt. aɪ ˈɑnəstli ʤɪst ˈriəˌlaɪz ðə aɪˈdiə kʊd ɪˈvoʊk soʊ məʧ heɪt ə heɪt ˈvɪdioʊ wɑz meɪd, ʤɪst bɪˈkəz aɪ wɑz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə bʊk. ðə ˈpərsən ˈivɪn sin ðə wərk ˌɪtˈsɛlf. ˈʃɑkɪŋ, bət ɪt ʤɪst gɪvz mi ə ˈstrɔŋgər kənˈvɪkʃən əˈbaʊt ðə nid fər wərk laɪk ðɪs. ˈʤeɪmi ˌɑlɪˈveɪrə (mɔr ðən) dəst hg*: waʊ, ðət ɪz ˈʃɑkɪŋ, bət ɪt pruvz ðət ˈivɪn mɔr ˈnɛsəˌsɛri wi tɔk əˈbaʊt ðiz θɪŋz. wət wɑz ɪt laɪk ˈfoʊtəˌgræfɪŋ ˈpipəl hu hæd, ɔn səm ˈlɛvəl, ʃɛrd ˈsɪmələr ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz? wɑz ðə ˈfilɪŋ wən əv ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪti, ər paʊər, ər boʊθ? ʤoʊ: aɪ θɪŋk ˈdɛfənətli ə ˈmɪksʧər. aɪ traɪ tɪ hoʊld speɪs fər iʧ ˈpərsən wɪn ˈfoʊtəˌgræfɪŋ ðɛm. wɪn aɪ ʃut ˈpɔrtrəts, aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz traɪ tɪ kriˈeɪt ə seɪf, ˈmɛdəˌteɪtɪv speɪs fər iʧ ˈpərsən waɪl wi ˈfoʊtəˌgræft, wi tɔk əˈbaʊt ðə ˈnɛgətɪv ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz, wi ʤɪst tɔkt əˈbaʊt ðə paʊər əv ˈteɪkɪŋ bæk ðə ˈnɛrətɪv. ɪt wɑz ˈkɑmɪŋ, ənd seɪf, ənd ˈoʊnli əˈbaʊt ɑr ˌɪnərˈækʃən ɪn ðə ˈprɛzənt. fər mi, ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz fɛlt ˈpərsɪnəl ənd ˈhilɪŋ. hg*: wət du ju wɔnt ˈridərz tɪ teɪk əˈweɪ frəm jʊr wərk? ʤoʊ: aɪ wɔnt ˈridərz tɪ rɪˈflɛkt ɔn ðə weɪz ðət wi ər ɔl boʊθ rɪˈsivərz ənd ˈpərpəˌtreɪtərz əv kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən ˈpætərnz, ənd tɪ bi ə ˈwɪtnəs tɪ ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ðət wi hæd. aɪ wɔnt ˈjuˈɛs ɔl tɪ bi əˈwɛr ðət wi du nɑt ɔl ʃɛr ðə seɪm ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz, bət ðət dɪz nɑt meɪk ðə ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz əv ˈəðərz lɛs ˈvælɪd. ðiz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz əˈkər æt ˌɪntərˈsɛkʃənz əv ˈʤɛndər, ˈsɛkʃuəl, ənd ˈreɪʃəl aɪˈdɛntɪˌtiz, ənd ʤɪst biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ rɪˈflɛkt ɔn ðət wɪl kriˈeɪt ə ˈseɪfər ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt fər ɔl əv ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ɑr riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps. ju kən baɪ (mɔr ðən) dəst hir ənd faɪnd mɔr əv wərk hir.
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jamie oliveira’s photobook (more than) dust is not something that should have to exist — but it does, and it exists unapologetically. the book features portraits of cisgender women, trans women, and nonbinary people, accompanied by photos of toxic things that have been said to them — the hurtful quotes written down and recreated for all to see. the vibrant photos evoke vulnerability, anger, strength, the possibility for healing, and much, much more.
jamie oliveira / (more than) dust
while (more than) dust was a huge undertaking, it began with one self-portrait. in 2013, jamie was reflecting on how she’d internalized toxic messages from previous relationship dynamics, when (in an effort to heal) she decided to post a self portrait on her blog with a list of hurtful things that had been said to her by her ex-partner and her family. the response was overwhelming. she then decided to put a call to action on facebook, as well as posters around the bay area, asking other people to share their stories with her — just to see what might happen.
jamie oliveira / self portrait
share, people did. with the outpouring of responses jamie received, she decided to create a photobook documenting the stories of those who reached out to her as survivors of emotional abuse. she sought funding via a kickstarter campaign and received backing from 141 people. just last week, two years after the ball started rolling, she sent out her first run of the completed books.
jamie oliveira / (more than) dust
the portraits themselves are beautiful and strong; these people are clear survivors, and proof that strength can co-exist with vulnerability. oliveira purposefully juxtaposed the portraits with the stark imagery of the harsh text. this juxtaposition shocks readers into reality — the reality that abuse is not always physical or obvious, it can be as quiet as a whisper, and it can happen to anyone. we interviewed jamie about taking on such a huge and emotional project, what the response has been to her work, and how she’s taken care of herself during the process.
hellogiggles (hg): can you tell us a little bit about your initial self portrait, and how this project originated?
jamie oliveira (jo): in 2013, i had recently come out of a really toxic relationship. one day, after returning from a family trip to japan, i was thinking about how i had internalized some of that treatment — not only from my ex-partner, but also how some toxic dynamics were at play in my family, and i got into a really reflective mode.
part of healing, for me, is sharing these various experiences, and trying to see how i can expel them, so i posted a self portrait on my blog with a list of hurtful things that had been said to me to try to pull them out of myself. i received a ton of support, and one of the women who is actually featured in (more than) dust commented and suggested that i should turn it into a platform for other people to share. it just happened organically, and i put out a call to action asking for other people to tell their stories.
hg: was that initial post cathartic for you, or did you feel overwhelmed because of the huge response?
jo: it really did feel cathartic. i was carrying a lot of things with me, and i didn’t know where it was safe to talk about those things. for some reason, it felt safest to open up publicly, because my words and images could reach other people online. using the internet to talk about these sorts of issues has always been a great way to navigate interpersonal spaces, for me.
jamie oliveira / (more than) dust
hg: because this process began out of posting your own self portrait, you’re obviously very emotionally involved. how have you engaged in self care during this process?
jo: a lot of making this book just had to do with making space for a range of emotions, whether anger, sadness, pain, or healing, and letting myself hold space for those emotions. i feel like i have a direct channel to my own emotions now. while making (more than) dust, i felt angry a lot of the time, because these stories people have relayed to me are hurtful, but i learned to channel that into the art of making the images. it was really healing to feel like there was a channel to put my emotions in, while at the same time really learning to experience them.
at the same time, it was pretty emotionally draining, as much as it was healing. when i felt like i didn’t want to work on it, i simply wouldn’t. the book was funded on kickstarter, so there was a deadline of sorts, but i actually didn’t have it done by then because there were times i really needed to focus on myself. i really needed to put my needs first, and that was okay.
hg: absolutely, that’s an important part of healing. what has been the reaction to the project?
jo: i’ve received a pretty extreme reaction on both ends of the spectrum. there are people who have been really excited that it’s happening and think the work has a great potential for healing, and then there are people who have really negative things to say. with any kind of artistic or political act of resistance, there is going to be an equal resistance, so i was expecting some of that, but i didn’t anticipate the lengths people would be willing to go to to shame this work, even before i was finished. i honestly just didn’t realize the idea could evoke so much hate — a hate video was made, just because i was making the book. the person hadn’t even seen the work itself. it’s shocking, but it just gives me a stronger conviction about the need for work like this.
jamie oliveira / (more than) dust
hg: wow, that is shocking, but it proves that it’s even more necessary we talk about these things. what was it like photographing people who had, on some level, shared similar experiences? was the feeling one of overwhelming vulnerability, or power, or both?
jo: i think it’s definitely a mixture. i try to hold space for each person when photographing them. when i shoot portraits, i always try to create a safe, meditative space for each person — while we photographed, we didn’t talk about the negative experiences, we just talked about the power of taking back the narrative. it was calming, and safe, and only about our interaction in the present. for me, it always felt personal and healing.
hg: what do you want readers to take away from your work?
jo: i want readers to reflect on the ways that we are all both receivers and perpetrators of communication patterns, and to be a witness to experiences that we haven’t had. i want us all to be aware that we do not all share the same experiences, but that does not make the experiences of others less valid. these experiences occur at intersections of gender, sexual, and racial identities, and just being able to reflect on that will create a safer environment for all of us in our relationships.
you can buy (more than) dust here and find more of jamie’s work here.
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waɪlst boʊθ əˈwɛrnəs ənd əˈdɑpʃən (frəm ˈhoʊstɪŋ prəˈvaɪdərz ənd ˈplætˌfɔrmz) əv ɪz stɪl fɑr frəm juˈbɪkwɪtəs ɪt wɪl ʧeɪnʤ ˈmɛni ˈstændərd əˈsəmpʃənz ənd ˈɔltər ˈkɑrənt bɛst ˈpræktɪsɪz. ɛz ˈmɛni əv ðiz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz riˈvɑlv əraʊnd sɪˈkjʊrəti ənd spid ɪts ˈdɛfənətli ə ˈtɑpɪk əv greɪt ˈrɛləvəns ənd ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns tɪ ˈɛni prəˈfɛʃənəl hu meɪks ðɛr ˈlɪvɪŋ frəm ðə wɛb. wəts ˈivɪn ˈbɛtər ɪz ðət ɛnd ˈjuzərz doʊnt hæv tɪ meɪk ˈɛni ˈɛfərt tɪ rɪˈsiv ɪts ˈbɛnəfɪts. moʊst ˈmɑdərn ˈbraʊzərz səˈpɔrt ɪt ənd waɪlst səm ˈɔfərɪŋz doʊnt səˈpɔrt ɪt ɛz jɛt, moʊst hæv ðɪs ɔn ðɛr ənd ðɛr ər səm ˈrɛlətɪvli weɪz əraʊnd ðɪs ˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən. soʊ wəts ɔl ðə fəs əˈbaʊt... ɪts fæst! bɪˈkəz ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈblɑkɪŋ wən ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən wɪθ ɪz ðət ˈbraʊzərz wɪl weɪt fər ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ kəmˈplit ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmeɪkɪŋ əˈnəðər rɪkˈwɛst. ðɪs ɪz ˈsəmˌtaɪmz rɪˈfərd tɪ ɛz hɛd əv laɪn ˈblɑkɪŋ. fər ˈɛvəri wɛb doʊˈmeɪn, moʊst ˈbraʊzərz wɪl səˈpɔrt əp tɪ ˈoʊnli 6 kənˈkərənt kəˈnɛkʃənz. rikˈwaɪərz 1 network(tcp*) kəˈnɛkʃən pər wɛb doʊˈmeɪn ənd wɪl əˈlaʊ ˈməltəpəl rɪkˈwɛsts ənd rɪˈspɑnsɪz wɪθ ʤɪst wən ˌɪˈnɪʃəl kəˈnɛkʃən. ðɪs minz prəˈvaɪdɪd wi rɪkˈwɛst ðə ˈrisɔrsɪz wi nid (ər wɪl nid) ɪn ə ˈtaɪmli ˈmænər, ɑr wɛb ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz wɪl meɪk fʊl juz əv ðə ˈbændwɪdθ əˈveɪləbəl wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ ðə ˈoʊvərˈhɛd əv ˈhævɪŋ tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ kəˈnɛkʃənz tɪ ðə seɪm wɛb doʊˈmeɪn rɪˈpitɪdli wɪθ ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd kɔsts. həz ə greɪt ˈdɛmoʊ ðət ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrks ə tən əv ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈloʊdɪd əp ˈoʊvər ˈvərsəz wɪn ˌɪnˈspɛktɪŋ ðə ˈtræfɪk ɪn ðə kroʊm dɛv tulz ɪts ˈrɪli kwaɪt ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ tɪ əbˈzərv ðə ˈvɪʒəwəl ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ðə ˈwɔtərˌfɔl ˈsɛkʃən əv ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk tæb.: ənd ðɛn nb*: aɪ ˈkʊdənt ˈæˌkʧuəli fɪt ɔl ðə faɪlz biɪŋ ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd æt wəns ˈɔntu ðə wəns skrin! ˈfɑloʊd baɪ əbˈzərvɪŋ ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ðə tɛst: ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl wɪn fər wən θɪŋ tɪ noʊt ɪz ðət du tɪ ðə fækt ðət ˈmɛni mɔr rɪkˈwɛsts ər ˈæˌkʧuəli æt wəns ðɛr ɪz ən ˈifɛktɪv ˈivnɪŋ aʊt əv ðə rɪˈspɑns taɪm əv ðə ˈæˌsɛts. ðɪs minz ðət ɑr ˈækʧəwəl peɪʤ meɪ teɪk sˈlaɪtli ˈlɔŋgər tɪ riʧ ðə ˈjuzərz ˈbraʊzər, ðoʊ ðə taɪm tɪ ðə ˈjuzər ˈæˌkʧuəli siɪŋ ɑr ˈkɑntɛnt ˈfʊli ˈrɛndərd wɪl bi sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli rɪˈdust. ðə ˈhɛdərz ər kəmˈprɛst waɪlst wi hæv bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈkɑmprɛs ðə ˈbɑdi əv rɪkˈwɛsts wɪθ fər ə lɔŋ taɪm ðɪs wɑz nɑt ðə keɪs fər ˈhɛdərz. baɪ dɪˈfɔlt, ˈjuzɪz hpack*, ə kəmˈprɛʃən ˈfɔrˌmæt fər ɪˈfɪʃəntli ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ ˈhɛdər fildz, dɪˈzaɪnd fər ˈmɛni wɛb ˈplætˌfɔrmz, ˈfreɪmˌwərks, ənd æd ˈkʊkiz ənd ɔl ˈmænər əv ˈgʊdnɪs tɪ rɪkˈwɛst ˈhɛdərz soʊ ðɪs ɪz ə ˈprɪti bɪg wɪn. ɪt meɪks θɪŋz mɔr sɪˈkjʊr nən əv ðə ˈbraʊzərz səˈpɔrt ˈoʊvər ən ˈɪnsəkjər (non-ssl*) kəˈnɛkʃən. waɪlst ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz səʧ ɛz (ə fri, ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd, ənd ˈoʊpən sərˈtɪfɪkət əˈθɔrəti) ənd ˈsərvɪsɪz səʧ ɛz (kaɪnd əv ə ɑptɪmɪˈzeɪʃən ˈsərvɪs wɪθ ˈɛkstrəz laɪk ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈmænɪʤ jʊr dns*) ˈɔfər ə minz əv əkˈwaɪərɪŋ ən sərˈtɪfɪkət fər fri, ðɪs ɪz nɑt ˌjunəˈvərsəli noʊn ənd ðə fækt ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl wɪl ɛnˈfɔrs ðɪs kʊd bi ə greɪt θɪŋ fər ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. ˈæftər ɔl, ɪf ju hæv tɪ du ɪt ənd ɪt kɔsts ˈnəθɪŋ ðɛn ˈʃʊrli ɪts ə wɪn fər ˈɛvriˌwən? haʊ wɪl ðɪs ʧeɪnʤ θɪŋz? soʊ laɪk ɔl θɪŋz ʧeɪnʤ ɪz nɑt wɪˈθaʊt dɪsˈrəpʃən ənd məʧ əv ðə kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˈwɪzdəm ɔn frənt ɛnd wɛb wɪl bi ˈɔltərd. ˈjuzər wɛb ˈpriviəsli tɪ əˈvɔɪd hɛd əv laɪn ˈblɑkɪŋ ɪt wɑz ˈnɔrməl tɪ pʊt ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl ˈɪntu wən faɪl. ˈmɑʤul səʧ ɛz kən ˈivɪn bi kənˈfɪgjərd tɪ ˈkɑnvərt ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈɪntu tɛkst (data-uri*) soʊ ɛz tɪ bi ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə seɪm ˈbəndəl. waɪlst wən ˈbəndəl ɪz greɪt ɪn tərmz əv ˈɔfərɪŋ ðə bɛst ˈdaʊnˌloʊd spid ɔn ən kəˈnɛkʃən, ɪt dɪz min ðət ə smɔl ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ɑr koʊd ər dɪˈpɛndənsiz wɪl ˌrikˈwaɪər ðə ˈjuzər tɪ ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ɔl əv ɑr koʊd əˈgɛn. ɛz hɛd əv laɪn ˈblɑkɪŋ ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər wən əv ɑr ˈpraɪˌmɛri kənˈsərnz, wən θɪŋ ðət kən stɑrt ˈhæpənɪŋ naʊ ɪz tɪ kriˈeɪt sˈmɔlər ˈbəndəlz beɪst ɔn ˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈgrupɪŋz i.e*: ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz ər ˈfiʧərz. ˈɔfərz ə ˈrɪli kul ˈbəndəl ˌɛrɪθˈmɛtɪk ˈfiʧər ðət meɪks ɪt ˈtrɪviəl tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈbəndəlz beɪst ɔn ə slaɪs əv jʊr ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti wɪθ iz. ˈəðər ˈmɑʤul ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈeɪbəl tɪ əˈʧiv ðə seɪm θɪŋ wɪθ ˈmænjuəl kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən. ˈsərvər pʊʃ əˈnəðər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ sɪˈnɛrioʊ ɪz ðət wəns wi ər noʊ ˈlɔŋgər əbˈsɛst wɪθ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ biɪŋ ɪn ðə wən faɪl, wi wɪl wɔnt ə minz əv ˈgɪtɪŋ faɪlz tɪ ðə ˈbraʊzər ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ ər ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈnidɪd. maɪ ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən rɪˈlaɪz ɔn ə ˈlaɪbrɛˌri fər ˈhændəlɪŋ deɪts bət woʊnt nid ɪt ˌɪˈnɪʃəli, ʤɪst ɛz sun ɛz ə ˈjuzər stɑrts ˌɪnərˈæktɪŋ wɪθ ðə ui*, ˈðɛrˌfɔr wi meɪ wɔnt ɪt tɪ goʊ wɪθ ðə ˈmɑrˌkəp əv ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl peɪʤ. ˈsərvər ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪtɪd (ɪkˈsplɪsət ˈsərvər pʊʃ) ə ˈsərvər kən ˈæˌkʧuəli ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪt ðə trænzˈmɪʃən əv ˈdætə wɪˈθaʊt ə rɪkˈwɛst frəm ðə klaɪənt ˈviə ən push_promise*. ðə klaɪənt həz ðə ˈɔpʃən tɪ stɑp ðə dɪˈlɪvəri baɪ ˈsɛndɪŋ ðə ˈsərvər ən freɪm. (freɪmz ər ðə blɑks əv ˈdætə ðət rɪkˈwɛsts, rɪˈspɑnsɪz, ənd ˈsərvər ˈpʊʃɪz ər bɪlt ɔn). lɪŋk wən weɪ ðɪs ɪz ˈkərəntli biɪŋ ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ɪz ə hɪnt beɪst əˈproʊʧ ðət ˌɪnˈvɑlvz ˈsɛndɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk lɪŋk: </my-script-you-will-need.js*>; rel=preload*; ɪn ˈhɛdərz (ˈɔlsoʊ əˈveɪləbəl ˈviə ðə lɪŋk tæg ˈviə ən əˈtrɪˌbjut) tɪ kɔz ðə ˈsərvər tɪ ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪt ə ˈsərvər pʊʃ. həz ðɪs greɪt ˈɑrtɪkəl əˈbaʊt haʊ ðɛr ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən əv ˈjuzɪz lɪŋk ˈhɛdərz tɪ ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪt ˈsərvər pʊʃ. ɪt ʃʊd bi ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ðɪs ˈfiʧər ɪz stɪl ɪn ə ˈstætəs əv ˈwərkɪŋ dræft. ˈwərkərz ə ˈsərvɪs ˈwərkər kʊd bi juzd tɪ stɔr kæˈʃeɪ ˈkɑntɛnts ˈloʊkəli ənd ðɛn ˌɪnərˈsɛpt ˈsəbsəkwənt rɪkˈwɛsts, fərst ˈʧɛkɪŋ ɪf ðə ˈæˌsɛt ɔˈrɛdi ɪgˈzɪsts ɪn ðə kæˈʃeɪ ɔn ðə ˈjuzərz dɪˈvaɪs. səˈpɔrt fər ðɪs ɪz groʊɪŋ bət ˈlɪmɪtɪd (æt ðə taɪm əv ˈraɪtɪŋ) tɪ ənd kroʊm. ˈdaɪʤɛst ðɪs ɪz ə minz əv əˈlaʊɪŋ klaɪənts tɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm ðə ˈsərvər əv ðɛr ˈkɑntɛnts ˈviə ə hæʃ beɪst ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm. ˈsərvərz kən ðɛn meɪk ən ˌɪnˈfɔrmd dɪˈsɪʒən əv wət tɪ pʊʃ tɪ klaɪənts ˈrəðər ðən ˈpʊʃɪŋ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˈɛvəri taɪm. laɪk ə lɔt əv ðə nuər ˈæˌspɛkts əv ðɪs ˈfiʧər ɪz stɪl nɑt ˈfaɪnəˌlaɪzd. soʊ wət kən aɪ juz? waɪlst ˈkərəntli ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ ˈsərvər pʊʃ wʊd nɑt bi wɪˈθaʊt ɪts ˈʧælənʤɪz səʧ ɛz: bɛst ˈpræktɪsɪz ɪn wət tɪ pʊʃ ənd wɪn ər stɪl ˈimərʤɪŋ ðə ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən fər kæˈʃeɪ ˈdaɪʤɛst ɪz stɪl nɑt ˌgɛrənˈtid tɪ bi ˈsteɪbəl ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈmeɪʤər wɛb ˈplætˌfɔrmz ər jɛt tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ɪt. ɪt meɪ bi ə ˈlɪtəl waɪl ˌbiˈfɔr ɪz ˈfʊli əˈdɑptəd. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə læk əv hɛd əv ðə laɪn ˈblɑkɪŋ ðət kəˈnɛkʃən brɪŋz ənd ˈhɛdər kəmˈprɛʃən minz ðɛr ər ˈsɛvərəl ˈtænʤəbəl ˈbɛnəfɪts əˈveɪləbəl wɪˈθaʊt məʧ ˈɛfərt rikˈwaɪərd fər ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən. bət ˈdəzənt meɪks θɪŋz sloʊər ənd mɔr ɪkˈspɛnsɪv? wən kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən əv ðə pæst ɪz ðət wʊd ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ə kɔst boʊθ ɪn tərmz əv ˈməni baɪɪŋ ən sərˈtɪfɪkət) ənd ˈɔlsoʊ wɪn ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ə ˈlɑrʤər skeɪl, ɪn tərmz əv pərˈfɔrməns ɛz pɑrt əv ɑr ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər həz tɪ teɪk ɔn ðə ˈbərdən əv iʧ kəˈnɛkʃən. ɪz fri ɪn ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈkeɪsɪz, ən sərˈtɪfɪkət kən bi əbˈteɪnd wɪˈθaʊt kɔst. ˈɔlsoʊ fər ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz səʧ ɛz ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈeɪʤənsiz ðət meɪ hoʊst ˈmɛni saɪts bɪˈhaɪnd ðə seɪm ˌaɪˌpi ˈæˌdrɛs, (ən əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl) minz ðət prəˈvaɪdɪd jʊr wɛb ˈsərvər səˈpɔrts ɪt (ənd moʊst do/should*), ðɛn ju noʊ ˈlɔŋgər nid ən ˌaɪˌpi ˈæˌdrɛs pər sərˈtɪfɪkət wɪʧ wʊd lɛd tɪ ˈgreɪtər ˈhoʊstɪŋ kɔsts. tərməˈneɪʃən ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈiziər sərˈtɪfɪkəts ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ juz ɛz ðɛr ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈsɪgnəʧər ˈælgərˌɪðəm. ðɪs pʊts sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli lɛs loʊd ɔn ˈhɑrdˌwɛr wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ pərˈfɔrmɪŋ tərməˈneɪʃən wɪʧ ˈtrænsˌleɪts ðɪs ˈɪntu lɛs tərmz əv pərˈfɔrməns) ðən (wɪʧ moʊst ˈoʊldər juz) du tɪ ɪts sˈmɔlər ki saɪz. ɪt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ wən əv ðə ˈfæktərz ðət əˈlaʊz ˈkəmpəˌniz səʧ ɛz tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈɔfər ðɪs ˈsərvɪs fər fri. (əˈpɑrt frəm ðə fækt ðeɪ məst bi nis foʊks) kən meɪk ju ˈməni ðɪs ɪz ə ˈprɪti wɛl noʊ fækt bət sɪns 2014 ˈgugəl həz prɪˈfərd saɪts əˈveɪləbəl ˈoʊvər. waɪlst ðɪs ˈɪzənt goʊɪŋ tɪ lɛt ju hæk ðə ˈsɪstəm, ɪn ˈɛni ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ðət ˈræŋkɪŋz ər taɪt ɪt kʊd gɪv ə saɪt ðə ˈræŋkɪŋz bust ðət pleɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pɑrt ɪn ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈtræfɪk tɪ ə saɪt. tərməˈneɪʃən ˈhæpənz lɛs ðən ju maɪt θɪŋk (ɪn ðə nu wərld) soʊ ɛz ˈmɛnʃənd ˈərliər ɛz ðə kəˈnɛkʃən ɪz ˈməltiˌplɛks (wən kəˈnɛkʃən pər ˈɔrəʤən tɪ ˈsætɪsˌfaɪ ðə rɪkˈwɛst fər ˈməltəpəl ˈæˌsɛts) ðə ˈfrikwənsi ðət ɑr wɪl hæv tɪ ˈtərməˌneɪt wɪl bi rɪˈdust. ˈfaɪnəl θɔts soʊ ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ənd ˈʧælənʤ ˈmɛni θɪŋz fər wɛb dɪˈvɛləpərz ənd wɛb ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz. ɪt kəmz wɪθ ˈmɛni ˈbɛnəfɪts: ɪts ˈfæstər mɔr sɪˈkjʊr (ɛz ɪts baɪ dɪˈfɔlt) meɪks θɪŋz mɔr ˈvɪzəbəl waɪlst ˈripɪŋ ɪts ˈbɛnəfɪts naʊ rikˈwaɪərz ə ˈlɪtəl kriˈeɪtɪv ˈplænɪŋ æt ðə ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧərəl ˈlɛvəl ɪf jʊr ˈjuzɪŋ ə klaʊd ˈplætˌfɔrm ðət ˈdəzənt səˈpɔrt ju kʊd lʊk tɪ pʊt ˈsərvɪs "ɪn bɪtˈwin" jʊr æp ənd ðə rɛst əv ðə wɛb tɪ ðə dɪˈlɪvəri əv ˈstætɪk ˈkɑntɛnt ˈoʊvər ɪt wɪl ˈsərtənli ˈɔfər əp nu weɪz əv fər ðə. æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə deɪ, ðə səkˈsɛs əv ˈɛni gʊd wɛb ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ənd ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɛz ə hoʊl ɪz beɪst ɔn kənˈvinjəns, trəst ənd ðə kˈwɑləti əv ðə ˈkɑntɛnt ər ˈsərvɪsɪz ðət wi ˈproʊdus. gɪvz ˈjuˈɛs ˈkɑnfədɛns ðət wi ər rɪˈsivɪŋ ˈkɑntɛnt frəm hum wi θɪŋk wi ər, ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛˈsɛnʃəl ɪn ðɪs ˈfɔrmjələ. ðə dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ðət wɪl sɛnd ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ˈsərtənli dɪsˈrəpts səm ˈpriviəs aɪˈdiəz bət ʃʊd teɪk ðə speɪs əv wɛb dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪn ə dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ðət wi ʃʊd ɔl wɔnt tɪ goʊ ɪn fər ðə seɪk əv ɑr ɛnd ˈjuzərz. ðət ɪz ˈæftər ɔl, wət ɪts ɔl əˈbaʊt ɪn ðə ɛnd. nɑt ʤɪst ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈleɪtəst tɛk, ənˈfɔrʧənətli
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whilst both awareness and adoption (from hosting providers and platforms) of http/2 is still far from ubiquitous it will change many standard assumptions and alter current front-end best practices.
as many of these changes revolve around security and speed it's definitely a topic of great relevance and importance to any professional who makes their living from the web.
what's even better is that end users don't have to make any effort to receive its benefits. most modern browsers support it and whilst some platform-as-a-service offerings don't support it as yet, most have this on their roadmaps and there are some relatively cost-effective ways around this temporary limitation.
so what's all the fuss about...
its fast!
because there is no blocking
one limitation with http is that browsers will wait for a response to complete before making another request. this is sometimes referred to as head of line blocking. for every web domain, most browsers will support up to only 6 concurrent connections.
http/2 requires 1 network(tcp) connection per web domain and will allow multiple requests and responses with just one initial connection. this means provided we request the resources we need (or will need) in a timely manner, our web applications will make full use of the bandwidth available without having the overhead of having to establish connections to the same web domain repeatedly with the associated costs.
akamai has a great http/2 demo that benchmarks a ton of images loaded up over http vs http/2. when inspecting the traffic in the chrome dev tools it's really quite interesting to observe the visual difference in the waterfall section of the network tab.
http:
and then http/2:
nb: i couldn't actually fit all the files being downloaded at once onto the once screen!
followed by observing the results of the test:
a considerable win for http/2! one thing to note is that due to the fact that many more requests are actually in-flight at once there is an effective evening out of the response time of the assets. this means that our actual html page may take slightly longer to reach the user's browser, though the time to the user actually seeing our content fully rendered will be significantly reduced.
the headers are compressed
whilst we have been able to compress the body of requests with gzip for a long time this was not the case for headers.
by default, http/2 uses hpack, a compression format for efficiently representing http header fields, designed for http/2.
many web platforms, frameworks, and cms add cookies and all manner of goodness to request headers so this is a pretty big win.
it makes things more secure
none of the browsers support http2 over an insecure (non-ssl) connection. whilst organisations such as letsencrypt (a free, automated, and open certificate authority) and services such as cloudflare (kind of a cdn/network optimization service with extras like the ability to manage your dns) offer a means of acquiring an ssl certificate for free, this is not universally known and the fact the protocol will enforce this could be a great thing for the internet. after all, if you have to do it and it costs nothing then surely its a win for everyone?
how will this change things?
so like all things change is not without disruption and much of the conventional wisdom on front end web optimizations will be altered.
user centric web optimizations
previously to avoid head of line blocking it was normal to put as much as possible into one file. module bundlers such as webpack can even be configured to convert images into text (data-uri) so as to be included in the same bundle. whilst one bundle is great in terms of offering the best download speed on an http/1.1 connection, it does mean that a small change in our code or dependencies will require the user to download all of our code again.
as head of line blocking is no longer one of our primary concerns, one thing that can start happening now is to create smaller bundles based on logical groupings i.e: libraries or features.
jspm offers a really cool bundle arithmetic feature that makes it trivial to create bundles based on a slice of your functionality with ease. other module bundlers are also able to achieve the same thing with manual configuration.
server push
another interesting scenario is that once we are no longer obsessed with everything being in the one file, we will want a means of getting files to the browser before they are actually needed. e.g my application relies on a library for handling dates but won't need it initially, just as soon as a user starts interacting with the ui, therefore we may want it to go with the markup of the initial page.
server initiated (explicit server push)
a server can actually initiate the transmission of data without a request from the client via an http/2 push_promise.
the client has the option to stop the delivery by sending the server an rst_stream frame. (frames are the blocks of data that http/2 requests, responses, and server pushes are built on).
hint-based - link preload
one way this is currently being implemented is a hint based approach that involves sending something like
link: </my-script-you-will-need.js>; rel=preload; as=script
in headers (also available via the html link tag via an attribute) to cause the server to initiate a server push. cloudflare has this great article about how their implementation of http/2 uses link preload headers to initiate server push.
it should be noted that this feature is still in a status of working draft.
1.service workers
a service worker could be used to store cache contents locally and then intercept subsequent requests, first checking if the asset already exists in the cache on the user's device. support for this is growing but limited (at the time of writing) to firefox and chrome.
2.cache digest
this is a means of allowing clients to inform the server of their cache's contents via a hash based mechanism. servers can then make an informed decision of what to push to clients rather than pushing everything every time. like a lot of the newer aspects of http/2 this feature is still not finalized.
so what can i use?
whilst currently implementing server push would not be without its challenges such as:
best practices in what to push and when are still emerging the specification for cache digest is still not guaranteed to be stable many of the major web platforms are yet to implement it. it may be a little while before serviceworker is fully adopted.
however, the lack of head of the line blocking that connection multiplexing brings and header compression means there are several tangible benefits available without much effort required for implementation.
but doesn't ssl makes things slower and more expensive?
one consideration of the past is that ssl would represent a cost both in terms of money (i.e buying an ssl certificate) and also when working on a larger scale, in terms of performance as part of our infrastructure has to take on the burden of decrypting each connection.
ssl is free
in the majority of cases, an ssl certificate can be obtained without cost. also for organizations such as digital agencies that may host many sites behind the same ip address, sni (an addition to the ssl protocol) means that provided your web server supports it (and most do/should), then you no longer need an ip address per ssl certificate which would lead to greater hosting costs.
ssl termination is getting easier
ssl certificates are able to use ecdsa as their digital signature algorithm. this puts significantly less load on hardware when it comes to performing ssl termination which translates this into less cost(in terms of performance) than rsa (which most older certs use) due to its smaller key size.
it is also one of the factors that allows companies such as cloudflare to be able to offer this service for free. (apart from the fact they must be nice folks)
ssl can make you money
this is a pretty well know fact but since 2014 google has preferred sites available over https. whilst this isn't going to let you hack the system, in any situation that rankings are tight it could give a site the rankings boost that plays an important part in driving traffic to a site.
ssl termination happens less than you might think (in the new world)
so as mentioned earlier as the connection is multiplex (one connection per origin to satisfy the request for multiple assets) the frequency that our website/infrastructure will have to terminate ssl will be reduced.
final thoughts
so http/2 is going to change and challenge many things for web developers and web applications. it comes with many benefits:
its faster more secure (as its https by default) https makes things more visible
whilst reaping its benefits now requires a little creative planning at the infrastructural level (e.g if you're using a cloud platform that doesn't support http/2 you could look to put cloudflare's service "in between" your app and the rest of the web to optimise the delivery of static content over http/2) it will certainly offer up new ways of optimising for the front-end.
at the end of the day, the success of any good web application and the internet as a whole is based on convenience, trust and the quality of the content or services that we produce. ssl gives us confidence that we are receiving content from whom we think we are, something essential in this formula.
the direction that http/2 will send us in certainly disrupts some previous ideas but should take the space of web development in a direction that we should all want to go in for the sake of our end users. that is after all, what it's all about in the end. not just using the latest tech, unfortunately ;-).
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baɪ prɛs riˈlis 15 2015 piɛm ˈkɑmɛntɪŋ həz bɪn kloʊzd ˈiˌmeɪl ðə ˈɔθər ˈpoʊstɪd tɪ: ˈsimɔr, nuz baɪ ju ˈæftər ə lɔŋ weɪt, ðə pɔl ˈpɔlək, ˈsɪstər. ˈbaɪˌpæs ˈʧænəl ənd pɑrk æt dæm ɪz ˈfaɪnəli ˈoʊpən tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk. klɪk hir fər dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz. dɪˈspaɪt ˈhævɪŋ hæd ə ˌsɛrəˈmoʊniəl grænd ˈoʊpənɪŋ læst fɔl, ðə pɑrk rɪˈmeɪnd kloʊzd tɪ ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈpəblɪk waɪl ðə ˈkɑnˌtræktər kəmˈplitɪd ðə ʤɑb tɪ steɪt ˌspɛsəfəˈkeɪʃənz. steɪt əˈfɪʃəlz hæd æst ðə taʊn tɪ əˈsum kənˈtroʊl əv ðə pɑrk ˈərliər, bət taʊn ˈkaʊnsəl frɛd ˈstænɪk səˈʤɛstɪd ðə weɪt ənˈtɪl ə ˈfaɪnəl ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt hæd riʧt səbˈstænʃəl kəmˈpliʃən tɪ əˈvɔɪd pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti fər ənˈfɪnɪʃt wərk. fərst kərt ˈmɪlər mɛt wɪθ steɪt əˈfɪʃəlz frəm ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈɛnərʤi ənd ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl prəˈtɛkʃən ənd ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz əv ðə ˈkɑnˌtræktər læst ˈfraɪˌdeɪ (ˈeɪprəl 10 tɪ du ʤɪst ðət. wɪθ ɔl ˈpɑrtiz ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd wɪθ ðə steɪt əv ðə saɪt, ðə bɔrd əv hɛld ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈmitɪŋ ˈtuzˌdeɪ (ˈeɪprəl 14 tɪ əˈfɪʃəli əˈsum kənˈtroʊl əv ðə pɑrk. ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈpəblɪk wərks riˈmuvd ðə læst əbˈstrəkʃənz tɪ ðə pɑrk ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ ənd ˈrɛzɪdənts ər naʊ fri tɪ juz ðə pɑrk ənd si ðə ˈstrəkʧər ðət wɑz soʊ lɔŋ ɪn ðə ˈmeɪkɪŋ. taʊn əˈfɪʃəlz wʊd laɪk tɪ riˈmaɪnd ˈrɛzɪdənts, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət ðə pɑrk ɪz kloʊzd frəm dəsk ənˈtɪl dɔn ənd wɪl bi kloʊzd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈwɪntər mənθs du tɪ ˈseɪfti kənˈsərnz. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ˈfɪʃɪŋ frəm ˈɛni pɑrt əv ðə pɑrk ər əˈʤeɪsənt ˈbaɪˌpæs ɪz ˈstrɪktli proʊˈhɪbətəd ənd ˈæŋglərz ər æst tɪ muv æt list 200 fit ˈdaʊnˈstrim. ðɪs ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən wɪl bi ɛnˈfɔrst baɪ dip ˌkɑnsərˈveɪʃən pəˈlis ənd ˈvaɪəleɪtərz wɪl bi mɛt wɪθ stip faɪnz. ˈfɪʃəriz ˈɛkspərt, stiv gephard*, sɪz ðət fɪʃ kʊd bi faʊnd θruaʊt ðə ˈbaɪˌpæs ˈʧænəl ˌbiˈfɔr ðə slus geɪts wər ˈoʊpənd ˈərliər ðɪs wik. fərst kərt ˈmɪlər sɛd, θrɪld ðət ðə ˈrɛzɪdənts wɪl ˈfaɪnəli gɪt ə ʧæns tɪ si ðɪs ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ˈprɑʤɛkt əp kloʊz. aɪ noʊ ɪt tʊk ə lɔŋ taɪm, bət aɪ ˈprɑməs ɪt wɑz wərθ ðə weɪt. ˈivɪn ðə fɪʃ wər anxious.”*.”
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by press release | apr 15, 2015 4:01 pm
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posted to: seymour, news by you
after a long wait, the paul pawlak, sr. bypass channel and park at tingue dam is finally open to the public.
click here for directions.
despite having had a ceremonial grand opening last fall, the park remained closed to the general public while the contractor completed the job to state specifications.
state officials had asked the town to assume control of the park earlier, but town counsel fred stanek suggested the selectmen wait until a final walkthrough demonstrated the project had reached substantial completion to avoid potential liability for unfinished work.
first selectman kurt miller met with state officials from the department of energy and environmental protection and representatives of the contractor last friday (april 10) to do just that.
with all parties satisfied with the state of the site, the board of selectmen held a special meeting tuesday (april 14) to officially assume control of the park.
the department of public works removed the last obstructions to the park wednesday morning and residents are now free to use the park and see the structure that was so long in the making.
town officials would like to remind residents, however, that the park is closed from dusk until dawn and will be closed during the winter months due to safety concerns.
furthermore, fishing from any part of the park or adjacent bypass is strictly prohibited and anglers are asked to move at least 200 feet downstream.
this prohibition will be enforced by deep conservation police and violators will be met with steep fines.
deep’s fisheries expert, steve gephard, says that fish could be found throughout the bypass channel before the sluice gates were opened earlier this week.
first selectman kurt miller said, “we’re thrilled that the residents will finally get a chance to see this incredible project up close. i know it took a long time, but i promise it was worth the wait. even the fish were anxious.”
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ˈsɪtɪŋ əˈkrɔs ðə ˈteɪbəl frəm mi wɑz bræd (nɑt hɪz ril neɪm), ə tɔp seɪlz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv æt ə lɑrʤ ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌni. aɪ æst ɪm əˈbaʊt ðə rɪˈsits fər ˈoʊvər 2000 ɪn gɪft sərˈtɪfɪkəts tɪ ə ˈmɪʃələn stɑr ˈrɛˌstrɑnt, tɪ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni, ðət wər laɪɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəl. bræd lʊkt æt mi wɪθ ə dɪˈsɑrmɪŋ smaɪl. ðɪs ðə fərst taɪm ˈsəmˌwən wɑz kˈwɛsʧənɪŋ ɪm əˈbaʊt hɪz ɪkˈspɛnsɪz. ˈɛvriˌwən æt ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˌəndərˈstʊd haʊ ˈmɑrkətɪŋ tɪ ˈhɛlθˌkɛr prəˈfɛʃənəlz æt ðɪs ˈkəmpəˌni wərkt æt ðə ˈɛnvəˌloʊps, fərst klæs trɪps ənd ˈspɛndɪŋ spriz fər tɔp priˈskraɪbərz ənd ðɛr ˈfæməliz, ənd ˈdeɪli ˈkeɪtərd ˈsuʃi ˈlənʧɪz fər fɪˈzɪʃənz ənd ðɛr stæf. ðə laɪn bɪtˈwin wət wɑz əˈlaʊd ənd ˌɪˈligəl wɑz greɪ. bræd, laɪk ɔl ˈəðər seɪlz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz, kɛpt dɪˈteɪld noʊts əv hɪz ˌɪnərˈækʃənz wɪθ ˈdɑktərz, ˈnoʊtɪŋ ɪn greɪt ˈditeɪl ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl lɪvz ɪn ən əˈtɛmpt tɪ bɪˈfrɛnd ənd dɪˈstrækt ðə fɪˈzɪʃənz. ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn ðə noʊts wɑz ə glɪmps ˈɪntu ðə taɪp əv ˌɪnərˈækʃənz hi hæd wɪθ ðɛm. ˈəðər ðən ðə ˈpərsɪnəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ðɛr wɑz ˈboʊstɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə prəˈskrɪpʃən əv ðə ˌmɛdəˈkeɪʃən baɪ ðət frɛnd ər ə ki əˈpɪnjən ˈlidər ɪn ðə fild. ɛz aɪ wɑz ˈflɪpɪŋ θru ˈhənərdz əv hɪz kɔl noʊts, aɪ pɔzd ənd æst, ˈnoʊtɪst ju toʊld ðɪs fəˈzɪʃən ðət ə koʊl ɪn hɪz fild wɑz priˈskraɪbɪŋ ðɪs ˈprɑdəkt fər ˈʧɪldrən. ðɪs drəg nɑt ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd fər ˌpidiˈætrɪk use?”*?” ðə ˈstændərd ʃrəg ənd rɪˈplaɪ ˈfɑloʊd. ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn ðə faɪl wər dræfts əv slaɪd dɛks bræd hæd priˈpɛrd fər ə fəˈzɪʃən tɪ juz æt ə ˈlidɪŋ ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈkɑnfərəns, wɪʧ ˈkəvərd ðə dɪˈziz steɪt ənd rɪˈfərd tɪ ðə juz fər ðə drəg hi wɑz prəˈmoʊtɪŋ. bræd smaɪld əˈgɛn. hi wɑz ə tɔp ˈərnər, wɪθ hɪz fɪˈzɪʃənz ˈraɪtɪŋ ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˈnəmbər əv prəˈskrɪpʃənz ɪn hɪz ˈriʤən, ə fit fər wɪʧ hi wɑz ˈhænsəmli ˈkɑmpənˌseɪtəd ənd ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wɪθ əˈwɔrdz. ˈboʊnəs ˌɪnˈsɪnɪvz wər dɪˈzaɪnd ɪn səʧ ə weɪ ðət hi wɑz peɪd baɪ prəˈskrɪpʃən, rəˈgɑrdləs ˈwɛðər ðə prəˈskrɪpʃən wɑz fər ər juz. ɪf seɪlz rɛps wər peɪd baɪ pɪl ˈrəðər ðən prəˈskrɪpʃən, wʊd ðeɪ bi ˈtɛlɪŋ fɪˈzɪʃənz ðət ki əˈpɪnjən ˈlidərz ɪn ðə fild wər ˈraɪtɪŋ prəˈskrɪpʃənz fər haɪər ˈdoʊsɪz? ə fju jɪrz ˈərliər, aɪ hæd əˈkəmpənid tu jəŋ seɪlz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz fər ə along”*” ɪn ˈbrʊklɪn. aɪ wɑz ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn ðə bæk, stək bɪtˈwin ðə ˈjuʒəwəl ˈbuti: ˈbɑksɪz əv ˈsæmpəlz, pɛnz, bʊks, gɪft kɑrdz, ənd stæks əv prəˈskrɪpʃən tɪ meɪk ðə prəˈskrɪpʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs ɛz swɪft ənd ˈizi ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl fər ðə fəˈzɪʃən. ðə tu rɛps, ˈɛnərˌʤaɪzd baɪ ə ˈrisənt drəg lɔnʧ ˈpɑrti, wər ˈflədɪŋ physicians’*’ ˈɔfəsɪz wɪθ fri ˈsæmpəlz ənd ˈstɔriz əv ðə ˈmɪrəkəl drəg. jəŋ, ˈgʊˌdlʊkɪŋ, ˌɛnərˈʤɛtɪk, ənd wɪθ mægˈnɛtɪk ˈpipəl skɪlz, drəg rɛps ər ðə dɪˈrɛkt ˈɪnərˌfeɪs bɪtˈwin ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌniz ənd ˈdɑktərz, ənd ðeɪ ər ki pleɪərz ɪn ðə ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈmɑrkətɪŋ məˈʃin. ənˈlaɪk ɪn ˈmɛni ˈkəntriz ɪn ðə rɛst əv ðə wərld, seɪlz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ər nɑt rikˈwaɪərd tɪ hæv ˈmɛdɪkəl dɪˈgriz ər ənd kən ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ fɪˈzɪʃənz dɪˈrɛkli ɪn ðɛr ˈɔfəsɪz. waɪl ˈmɛni ˈtiʧɪŋ ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz ər bɪˈgɪnɪŋ tɪ proʊˈhɪbət səʧ ˌɪnərˈækʃənz, ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz ənd ˈklɪnɪks stɪl kənˈtɪnju ðə ˈpræktɪs. maɪ ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ bræd wɑz pɑrt əv ə ˈstændərd ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən fər ən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən baɪ ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri əˈθɔrətiz ˈɪntu ðə ˈmɑrkətɪŋ əv ðə drəgz. səʧ ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz hæd bɪˈkəm pərˈfəŋktəri fər ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌniz, ənd ðə ˈaʊtˌkəmz ˈlɑrʤli prɪˈdɪktəbəl: ˈkəmpəˌniz wʊd peɪ ən ˌɪnsɪgnˈjɪfɪkənt faɪn, ʤɪst ə fju pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈrɛvəˌnuz əv ðə əˈfɛndɪŋ drəg, ənd wən ər tu ˌloʊˈlɛvəl seɪlz rɛps wʊd bi faɪərd. ˈivɪn lɑrʤ faɪnz ər smɔl kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə ˈprɑfɪts brɔt baɪ əˈgrɛsɪv ˈmɑrkətɪŋ. ɪn 2012 peɪd ə 3 ˈbɪljən tɪ riˈzɑlv ˈvɛriəs frɔd ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈmɑrkətɪŋ əv ðɛr drəgz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ənd ˈkɪkˌbæks kəˈnɛktɪd tɪ ðə pərˈmoʊʃən əv paxil*, wellbutrin*, advair*, lamictal*, ənd ˈzoʊˌfræn. ʤɪst wən əv ðə drəgz, advair*, rɪˈmeɪnz ðə fɪθ tɔp ˈsɛlɪŋ drəg ɔn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt təˈdeɪ, ˈgroʊsɪŋ əˈprɑksəmətli 8 ˈbɪljən ˈænjuəli frəm ənd ˈbɪljən ɪn 2014 ðə stɑk praɪs əv dɪd nɑt ˈivɪn muv ðə deɪ ðə nuz əv ðə ˈsɛtəlmənt keɪm aʊt ənd, ɪn fækt, wɑz æt ðə pik fər ðə mənθ ɔn ðət deɪ. ðə ˈsɛtəlmənt rɪˈmeɪnz ðə haɪəst ˈfɑrmə ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ˈsɛtəlmənt, wɪθ ˈoʊnli fɔr əˈdɪʃənəl ˈsɛtəlmənts nɔrθ əv 1 ˈbɪljən. ðə nɛkst haɪəst ˈsɛtəlmənt wɑz fər ˈbɪljən wɪθ ˈfaɪzər ɪn 2009 fər pərˈmoʊʃən ənd ˈkɪkˌbæks rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈmɑrkətɪŋ əv ɪts fɔr drəgz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ lyrica*, moʊst ˈprɑfətəbəl drəg, wɪʧ ɪz ræŋkt ɛz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈprɑfətəbəl drəgz ˈoʊvərˌɔl ənd brɔt ɪn ˈoʊvər 5 ˈbɪljən ɪn ˈrɛvəˌnuz ɪn 2014 əˈloʊn. waɪl ðiz lɑrʤ ˈsɛtəlmənts græb ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz, moʊst ˈsɛtəlmənts ər sˈmɔlər, dɪˈspaɪt ˈsɪriəs ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz əv ˈrɔŋduɪŋ. ɪn 2014 ʃaɪr peɪd ˈmɪljən tɪ riˈzɑlv ən ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ˈækʃən rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə əˈlɛʤədli ˌɪnəˈproʊpriɪt ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ənd pərˈmoʊʃən əv ˈsɛvərəl drəgz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə æmˈfɛtəˌmin, fər wɪʧ seɪlz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz hæd əˈlɛʤədli bɪn ɪts pəˈtɛnʃəl fər əˈbjuz. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə prɛs riˈlis, ʃaɪr hæd meɪd kleɪmz ðət wʊd kɑr ˈæksədənts, dɪˈvɔrs, biɪŋ ərˈɛstɪd, ənd unemployment.”*.” waɪl ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃən laɪk ðə 2010 ˈsənˌʃaɪn ækt ənd ˌɪmˈpruvd ɛnˈfɔrsmənt hæv ˈrɪdən ðə ˈɪndəstri əv səm əv ðə moʊst ɪˈgriʤəs bɪˈheɪvjər, ˈkəmpəˌniz stɪl faɪnd kriˈeɪtɪv weɪz tɪ gɪt ðə əˈtɛnʃən əv ðə priˈskraɪbərz. ˈizəli ˈkɪkˌbæks səʧ ɛz fərst klæs ˈɛrˌfɛr ənd gɪft sərˈtɪfɪkəts fər ˈhɛlθˌkɛr prəˈfɛʃənəlz hæv bɪn ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ lɛs ˈɑbviəs ˈbɛnəfɪts laɪk smɔl grants.”*.” θru ðɛr ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz, ˈkəmpəˌniz kənˈtɪnju tɪ prəˈmoʊt ɔf ˈleɪbəl, prəˈvaɪd ˈkɪkˌbæks, ənd meɪk mɪsˈlidɪŋ ˈsteɪtmənts əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɛfɪˌkæsi ənd ˈseɪfti əv ðɛr drəgz. ɪn səm ˈɪndəstriz, ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri roʊl əv ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ɪz tɪ ˈɛʤəˌkeɪt kənˈsumərz soʊ ðət ðeɪ kən meɪk ˈbɛtər dɪˈsɪʒənz (wɪʧ ˈəltəmətli ˈbɛnəfɪt ðɛm ənd ðə ˈkəmpəˌni). ɪn ˈhɛlθˌkɛr, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, əˈgrɛsɪv ˈmɑrkətɪŋ obfuscates*, ˈædɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈoʊvərˌspɛndɪŋ ɔn ɪt. ɔl əv ðɪs ɪz səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ðə drəg companies’*’ ˈligəl ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər. ɪn 2014 ðə tɔp 50 ˈsɛlɪŋ drəgz ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd ˈrɛvəˌnu əv 219 ˈbɪljən. fər ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˈkəmpəˌniz, lɛs wɑz spɛnt ɪn ˈtoʊtəl ɔn ðən ɔn seɪlz ənd ˈmɑrkətɪŋ. ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst fju blɔg poʊsts, aɪ plæn tɪ dɪg ˈɪntu ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ənd ˈligəl ˈpræktɪsɪz əv ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌniz. wət meɪks drəg ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈifɛktɪv? haʊ du ˈkəmpəˌniz prəˈlɔŋ ðə juz əv ˈpætənts tɪ ðə ˈdɛtrəmənt əv ˈpeɪʃənz? wət ɪz ðə ˌɪmˈpækt əv ˌlɪtəˈgeɪʃən? ɪz ˈpraɪsɪŋ kəˈnɛktɪd tɪ ˈpeɪʃənt nid ər drəg ˈnɑvəlti? dɪˈskleɪmər: ðə blɔg ɪz ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd tɪ dɪˈskəsɪŋ haʊ ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən tɛndz tɪ bi səbˈvərtɪd baɪ ˈspɛʃəl ˈɪntərɪsts. ðə poʊsts ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ðə əˈpɪnjənz əv ðɛr ˈraɪtərz, nɑt ðoʊz əv ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ, ðə buθ skul əv ˈbɪznɪs, ər ɪts ˈfækəlti. fər mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, pliz ˈvɪzɪt blɔg ˈpɑləsi.
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sitting across the table from me was brad (not his real name), a top sales representative at a large pharmaceutical company. i asked him about the receipts for over $2000 in gift certificates to a michelin star restaurant, expensed to the company, that were lying on the table.
brad looked at me with a disarming smile. this wasn’t the first time someone was questioning him about his expenses. everyone at the company understood how marketing to healthcare professionals at this company worked at the time—cash-stuffed envelopes, first class trips and spending sprees for top prescribers and their families, and daily catered sushi lunches for physicians and their staff. the line between what was allowed and illegal was gray.
brad, like all other sales representatives, kept detailed notes of his interactions with doctors, noting in great detail their personal lives in an attempt to befriend and distract the physicians. also in the notes was a glimpse into the type of interactions he had with them. other than the personal information, there was boasting about the prescription of the medication by that physician’s friend or a key opinion leader in the field. as i was flipping through hundreds of his call notes, i paused and asked, “i noticed you told this physician that a kol in his field was prescribing this product for children. isn’t this drug not indicated for pediatric use?” the standard shrug and reply followed.
also in the file were drafts of slide decks brad had prepared for a physician to use at a leading medical conference, which covered the disease state and referred to the off-label use for the drug he was promoting. brad smiled again. he was a top earner, with his physicians writing the largest number of prescriptions in his region, a feat for which he was handsomely compensated and recognized within the company with awards. brad’s bonus incentives were designed in such a way that he was paid by prescription, regardless whether the prescription was for on-label or off-label use. if sales reps were paid by pill rather than prescription, would they be telling physicians that key opinion leaders in the field were writing prescriptions for higher doses?
a few years earlier, i had accompanied two young sales representatives for a “ride along” in brooklyn. i was sitting in the back, stuck between the usual booty: boxes of samples, pens, books, gift cards, and stacks of pre-printed prescription pads—all to make the prescription process as swift and easy as possible for the physician. the two reps, energized by a recent drug launch party, were flooding physicians’ offices with free samples and stories of the miracle drug. young, good-looking, energetic, and with magnetic people skills, drug reps are the direct interface between pharmaceutical companies and doctors, and they are key players in the well-oiled pharmaceutical marketing machine. unlike in many countries in the rest of the world, sales representatives in the united states are not required to have medical degrees or phds and can interact with physicians directly in their offices. while many teaching hospitals are beginning to prohibit such interactions, the majority of hospitals and clinics still continue the practice.
my conversation with brad was part of a standard preparation for an investigation by regulatory authorities into the marketing of the company’s drugs. such investigations had become perfunctory for pharmaceutical companies, and the outcomes largely predictable: companies would pay an insignificant fine, just a few percent of the revenues of the offending drug, and one or two low-level sales reps would be fired. even large fines are small compared to the profits brought by aggressive marketing. in 2012, glaxosmithkline paid a record-setting $3 billion to resolve various fraud allegations related to the marketing of their drugs, including off-label marketing and kickbacks connected to the promotion of paxil, wellbutrin, advair, lamictal, and zofran. just one of the drugs, advair, remains the fifth top selling drug on the market today, grossing approximately $8 billion annually from 2011-2013 and $6.7 billion in 2014. the stock price of glaxosmithkline did not even move the day the news of the settlement came out and, in fact, was at the peak for the month on that day. the gsk settlement remains the highest pharma enforcement settlement, with only four additional settlements north of $1 billion.
the next highest settlement was for $2.3 billion with pfizer in 2009 for off-label promotion and kickbacks related to the marketing of its four drugs, including lyrica, pfizer’s most profitable drug, which is ranked as one of the most profitable drugs overall and brought in over $5 billion in revenues in 2014 alone. while these large settlements grab headlines, most settlements are smaller, despite serious allegations of wrongdoing. in 2014, shire paid $56.5 million to resolve an enforcement action related to the allegedly inappropriate marketing and promotion of several drugs, including the amphetamine vyvanse, for which sales representatives had allegedly been underplaying its potential for abuse. according to the doj press release, shire had made claims that vyvanse would “prevent car accidents, divorce, being arrested, and unemployment.”
while regulation like the 2010 sunshine act and improved enforcement have ridden the industry of some of the most egregious behavior, companies still find creative ways to get the attention of the prescribers. easily trackable kickbacks such as first class airfare and gift certificates for healthcare professionals have been replaced by less obvious benefits like small “research grants.” through their representatives, companies continue to promote off label, provide kickbacks, and make misleading statements about the efficacy and safety of their drugs.
in some industries, the primary role of marketing is to educate consumers so that they can make better decisions (which ultimately benefit them and the company). in healthcare, however, aggressive marketing obfuscates, adding to the country’s overspending on it. all of this is supported by the drug companies’ legal infrastructure.
in 2014, the top 50 selling drugs generated revenue of $219 billion. for the largest companies, less was spent in total on r&d than on sales and marketing. over the next few blog posts, i plan to dig into the specific marketing and legal practices of pharmaceutical companies. what makes drug advertising effective? how do companies prolong the use of patents to the detriment of patients? what is the impact of litigation? is pricing connected to patient need or drug novelty?
disclaimer: the promarket blog is dedicated to discussing how competition tends to be subverted by special interests. the posts represent the opinions of their writers, not those of the university of chicago, the booth school of business, or its faculty. for more information, please visit promarket blog policy.
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ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdɑnəld trəmp ɪz close”*” tɪ səˈlɛktɪŋ ən ˈɪnərəm ˈkænədɪt tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ˈfɔrmər ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ʤeɪmz, hi toʊld waɪt haʊs rɪˈpɔrtərz ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ. trəmp kənˈfərmd ðət ˈfɔrmər sɛn. ʤoʊ ˈlibərmən ɪz hɪz tɔp ʧɔɪs, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ waɪt haʊs pul rɪˈpɔrts. ðə ˈfaʊndər əv lɔ fərm kasowitz*, ˈbɛnsən, ˈtɔˌrɛz ˈfridmən ɪz wən əv ðə tɔp ˈlɔjərz. pər ˈpulər kənˈfərmz ˈlibərmən ɪz hɪz tɔp pɪk fər ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər, sɪz hiz "ˈvɛri kloʊz" tɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈfaɪnəl ʧɔɪs. ˈstivən ˈpɔrtnɔɪ (@stevenportnoy*) meɪ 18 2017 trəmp mɛt ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ wɪθ ˈlibərmən ənd θri ˈəðər ˈkænədɪts: ˈkɑrənt ˈæktɪŋ ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ˈændru ˈmækəbi; fræŋk ˈkitɪŋ, ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈgəvərnər əv ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə hu ˈpriviəsli sərvd ɛz ən ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˈeɪʤənt ənd ɪn ˌhaɪˈlɛvəl pəˈzɪʃənz ɪn ðə ˈʤəstɪs dɪˈpɑrtmənt; ənd ˈrɪʧərd məkˈfili, hu sərvd ɪn ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ fər 24 jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr rɪˈtaɪrɪŋ ɛz ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv əˈsɪstənt dɪˈrɛktər ɪn 2014 ˌoʊˈlɪˌviˌeɪ ˈviə ˈgɛti ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈfɔrmər sɛn. ʤoʊ ˈlibərmən livz ðə wɛst wɪŋ əv ðə waɪt haʊs ˈæftər ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdɑnəld trəmp ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. ˈlibərmən, hu wɑz ðə 2000 ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk vaɪs ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˌnɑməˈni ˌbiˈfɔr ˈluzɪŋ ə ˈpraɪˌmɛri bɪd fər ənd bɪˈkəmɪŋ ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt, wʊd bi ən ˌənkənˈvɛnʃənəl ʧɔɪs. hi həz noʊ ˈfɛdərəl lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd, waɪl ˈkərəntli æt ə ˌhaɪˈproʊfaɪl lɔ fərm, ɪz moʊst əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd ɛz ə ˈsɛntrɪst ˈdɛməˌkræt. hi həz ˈpriviəsli sɛd ðət hi wʊd səˈpɔrt ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt kəˈmɪʃən tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt taɪz bɪtˈwin ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ənd ˈrəʃə. bət ɪt ɪz hɪz ˈbækˌgraʊnd ɪn ˈpɑləˌtɪks ðət hæd ˈdɛməˌkræts riˈæktɪŋ wɪθ səˈvɪr ˌrɛzərˈveɪʃən. sɛn. klɛr məˈkæskəl (d-mo*.) kɔld ɪt ə ““mistake”*” tɪ səˈlɛkt ən ɪˈlɛktɪd əˈfɪʃəl tɪ ðə poʊst, seɪɪŋ ðət ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ʃʊd bi ə lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt əˈfɪʃəl. waɪl sɛn. braɪən ʃæts (d-hawaii*), ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ, kɔld ðə ˈpɑsəbəl ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən ““shocking.”*.” ɪz noʊ ˈrizən tɪ əˈpɔɪnt ə ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən tɪ rən ðə fbi,”*,” ʃæts sɛd. ɪz ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ɪz əˈbaʊt ənd ɪt ˌəndərˈmaɪnz ðə ˈkɑnfədɛns ðət ðə ˈpəblɪk nidz tɪ hæv ɪn ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns əv ðə ˈeɪʤənsi. ənd mɔr tɪ ðə pɔɪnt, ɪt ɪz nɑt ɛz ɪf ðɛr ɪz noʊ wən ɛls kˈwɑləˌfaɪd tɪ du ðɪs ʤɑb. ðɛr ər ˈlɪtərəli ˈdəzənz əv ˈpipəl hu wʊd gɪt ə juˈnænəməs vote.”*.” ɪt ɪz rɛr fər ən ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər tɪ bi əˈpɔɪntɪd wɪˈθaʊt ðə fʊl ˈbækɪŋ əv ðə ˈsɛnɪt, ʃæts ˈnoʊtɪd. ənd hi ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət ə ˈlibərmən ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən wʊd splɪt ðə ˈʧeɪmbər. ə tɔp ˈsɛnɪt ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk eɪd, ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz, pʊt ðə ˈprɑspɛkts əv ˌɪˈmɛns ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə pɪk ˈbləntli ɪn ən iˈmeɪl tɪ: ˈpɑsəbli bi wərs taɪm tɪ teɪk ðə ənˈprɛsɪˌdɛntɪd stɛp əv ˈhændɪŋ ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˈoʊvər tɪ ə ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən. ðət ˌæbsəˈlutli ˌɪnˈkludz ˈsɛnətər lieberman.”*.” ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈθərzˌdeɪ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈkɔkəs lənʧ, sɛnz. dɪk ˈdərbɪn (ɪl.) ənd ˈʃɛldən ˈwaɪˌthaʊs (r.i*.) træʃt ðə aɪˈdiə əv ˈlibərmən, ər ˈɛni ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən, biɪŋ ɪn ʧɑrʤ əv ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈsinjər ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk eɪd hu wɑz ɪn ðə ˈpraɪvət ˈmitɪŋ. ə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈdɛməˌkræts ɪn ðə rum sɛd ðeɪ əˈgrid ðət ə ˈtɛrəbəl ʧɔɪs. nɑt ə wən dɪˈfɛndɪd ˈlibərmən. ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ʃʊd bi drɔn frəm ðə ræŋks əv kərɪr lɔ enforcement*, ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz ər ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf nɑt politicians,”*,” ˈdərbɪn toʊld ˈleɪtər. rɪˈpəblɪkənz, baɪ ˈkɑntræst, preɪzd ˈlibərmən. sɛn. ˈmɑrkoʊ ˈrubioʊ (r-fla*.) ɪkˈsprɛst admiration”*” fər ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈsɛnətər, sɛn. ʤɑn (r-texas*) ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət ˈlibərmən kʊd gɪt 100 ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən voʊts, ənd sɛn. ʤɑn məˈkeɪn (r-ariz*.), sɛd hi wʊd bi ““overjoyed”*” ɪf ˈlibərmən, hu ɪz ə frɛnd əv hɪz, wər pɪkt. ˈlibərmən həz mɔr ɪkˈspɪriəns ðən ɔl əv maɪ ˈdɛməˌkræt ˈkɑligz kəmˈbaɪnd, soʊ skru them,”*,” məˈkeɪn sɛd əv democrats’*’ kənˈsərnz. ðə nid fər ə nu ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər keɪm ˈæftər trəmp faɪərd læst wik, ə ˈstənɪŋ muv ðət əˈkərd əˈmɪd ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ðə trəmp taɪz tɪ ˈrəʃə. ə ˈsɪriz əv ɪkˈsploʊsɪv rɪˈpɔrts ˈoʊvər ðə læst wik hæv ˈhaɪtənd ðə əˈpɪrəns ðət trəmp ˌɪnərˈfɪrd wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən. ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət trəmp æst tɪ ʃət daʊn ə ˈsɛpərˌeɪt proʊb ˈɪntu ˈfɔrmər ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ædˈvaɪzər ˈmaɪkəl ˈkɑnˌtækts wɪθ ˈrəʃən əˈfɪʃəlz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈmɛˌmoʊ roʊt tɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ə ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ trəmp.
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washington ― president donald trump is “very close” to selecting an interim candidate to replace former fbi director james comey, he told white house reporters on thursday.
trump confirmed that former sen. joe lieberman is his top choice, according to white house pool reports. the founder of lieberman’s law firm ― kasowitz, benson, torres & friedman ― is one of the president’s top lawyers.
per pooler @halliejackson,trump confirms lieberman is his top pick for fbi director, says he's "very close" to making a final choice. — steven portnoy (@stevenportnoy) may 18, 2017
trump met on wednesday with lieberman and three other candidates: current acting fbi director andrew mccabe; frank keating, the former governor of oklahoma who previously served as an fbi agent and in high-level positions in the justice department; and richard mcfeely, who served in the fbi for 24 years before retiring as executive assistant director in 2014.
olivier douliery via getty images former sen. joe lieberman leaves the west wing of the white house after meeting with president donald trump on wednesday.
lieberman, who was the 2000 democratic vice presidential nominee before losing a primary bid for re-election and becoming an independent, would be an unconventional choice. he has no federal law enforcement experience and, while currently at a high-profile law firm, is most associated as a centrist democrat.
he has previously said that he would support an independent commission to investigate ties between trump’s administration and russia. but it is his background in politics that had democrats reacting with severe reservation.
sen. claire mccaskill (d-mo.) called it a “mistake” to select an elected official to the post, saying that the fbi director should be a law enforcement official. while sen. brian schatz (d-hawaii), in an interview with huffpost, called the possible nomination “shocking.”
“there is no reason to appoint a politician to run the fbi,” schatz said. “it is contrary to everything the fbi is about and it undermines the confidence that the public needs to have in the independence of the agency. and more to the point, it is not as if there is no one else qualified to do this job. there are literally dozens of people who would get a unanimous vote.”
it is rare for an fbi director to be appointed without the full backing of the senate, schatz noted. and he speculated that a lieberman nomination would split the chamber.
a top senate democratic aide, likewise, put the prospects of immense opposition to the pick bluntly in an email to huffpost: “there couldn’t possibly be worse time to take the unprecedented step of handing the fbi over to a politician. that absolutely includes senator lieberman.”
during a thursday democratic caucus lunch, sens. dick durbin (ill.) and sheldon whitehouse (r.i.) trashed the idea of lieberman, or any politician, being in charge of the fbi, according to a senior democratic aide who was in the private meeting. a majority of democrats in the room said they agreed that he’s a terrible choice. not a one defended lieberman.
“the fbi director should be drawn from the ranks of career law enforcement, prosecutors or the fbi itself ― not politicians,” durbin told huffpost later.
republicans, by contrast, praised lieberman. sen. marco rubio (r-fla.) expressed “great admiration” for the former senator, sen. john cornyn (r-texas) speculated that lieberman could get 100 confirmation votes, and sen. john mccain (r-ariz.), said he would be “overjoyed” if lieberman, who is a friend of his, were picked.
“joe lieberman has more experience than all of my democrat colleagues combined, so screw them,” mccain said of democrats’ concerns.
the need for a new fbi director came after trump fired comey last week, a stunning move that occurred amid the fbi’s ongoing investigation into the trump campaign’s ties to russia. a series of explosive reports over the last week have heightened the appearance that trump interfered with the investigation. in particular, the new york times reported that trump asked comey to shut down a separate probe into former national security adviser michael flynn’s contacts with russian officials, according to a memo comey wrote to document a meeting with trump.
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dɪˈspaɪt ɪt ˈsimɪŋ laɪk ðɛr wɑz mɔr bəz fər ðə ˈriˈmæʧ ðən ðɛr wɑz fər ðɛr fərst faɪt ɪn 2012 ðə ˈeɪprəl 12 ˈeɪʧbiˈoʊ ˈriˈmæʧ bɪtˈwin ˈmæni ənd ˈtɪməθi ˈbrædli dɪd ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪŋ baɪz, wɪθ prəˈmoʊtər bɑb ˈɛrəm ˈtɛlɪŋ ðət ðə faɪt dɪd əˈbaʊt tɪ baɪz. ˈɛrəm ədˈmɪtəd ðə ˈnəmbərz wər ə ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt, ənd ɪt əˈpɪrz naʊ ðət ðə ˌmidiˈoʊkər juz. rɪˈtərnz fər ðɪs faɪt meɪ lɛd bæk tɪ məˈkaʊ, wɛr hi fɔt ˈbrændən ˈrioʊs læst noʊˈvɛmbər. "wɪr bɪtˈwin ənd ʃʊr, ɪts ə ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt... əm ˈtɛlɪŋ ju, ɪt ɪz wət ɪt ɪz. ðə ˈnəmbərz ər ðə ˈnəmbərz. ˈhævɪŋ (fˈjuʧər) faɪts ɪn məˈkaʊ meɪks soʊ məʧ sɛns bɪˈkəz wi kən du juʤ saɪt fiz ənd wi wɔnt tɪ lɔnʧ ɪn ˈʧaɪnə. wi ˈkʊdənt gɪt ɪt əp ənd ˈrənɪŋ fər ðə ˈrioʊs faɪt bət wi wɪl, ənd ðɛn, bɪtˈwin ðət ənd ðə saɪt fi, wi woʊnt bi soʊ rɪˈlaɪənt ɔn ðə ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts." dɪd ˈivɪn wərs ɔn, bət ˈɛrəm ɪz naʊ, ˈɑbviəsli, ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ lɛs ɔn ðət ənd mɔr ɔn ˈrɛvəˌnu frəm ˈəðər strimz. doʊnt bi mɪˈsteɪkən, ðoʊ. ɪts nɑt ðət ˈɛrəm wɔnts tɪ ˈhæfˈweɪ θroʊ ɪn ðə taʊəl ɔn juz. ˈməni, ɪts ʤɪst ðət hi siz ɪt fər wət ɪt ɪz. ˈmæni taɪm ɛz ə ˈmɪljən ˈsɛlər ɔn, æt list ɛz ən ˌɔtəˈmætɪk ˈmɪljən, ər ˈoʊvər. ˈɛrəm bɪˈlivz, tu, ðət ðə læk əv ə ˈmɛksəkən ər hɪˈspænɪk əˈpoʊnənt hərt ðə faɪt, seɪɪŋ ðət ˈbrædli ənd tɔp ræŋk traɪd tɪ "ˈɛnərˌʤaɪz ðə blæk kəmˈjunɪti, wɪˈθaʊt ðət məʧ səkˈsɛs." ʃʊd ənd ˈɛrəm hɛd bæk tɪ məˈkaʊ fər ðɛr nɛkst faɪt? ɪz ɪt taɪm tɪ teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ðət ˈbədɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪt ənd pərˈhæps liv ˈveɪgəs bɪˈhaɪnd?
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despite it seeming like there was more buzz for the rematch than there was for their first fight in 2012, the april 12 hbo pay-per-view rematch between manny pacquiao and timothy bradley did disappointing pay-per-view buys, with promoter bob arum telling espn.com that the fight did about 750,000 to 800,000 buys.
arum admitted the numbers were a disappointment, and it appears now that the mediocre u.s. ppv returns for this fight may lead pacquiao back to macau, where he fought brandon rios last november.
"we're between 750,000 and 800,000. sure, it's a disappointment... i'm telling you, it is what it is. the numbers are the numbers. having (future pacquiao) fights in macau makes so much sense because we can do huge site fees and we want to launch pay-per-view in china. we couldn't get it up and running for the rios fight but we will, and then, between that and the site fee, we won't be so reliant on the pay-per-view in the united states."
pacquiao-rios did even worse on pay-per-view, but arum is now, obviously, focusing less on that and more on revenue from other streams. don't be mistaken, though. it's not that arum wants to halfway throw in the towel on u.s. ppv money, it's just that he sees it for what it is. manny pacquiao's time as a million seller on pay-per-view, at least as an automatic million, are over.
arum believes, too, that the lack of a mexican or hispanic opponent hurt the fight, saying that bradley and top rank tried to "energize the black community, without that much success."
should pacquiao and arum head back to macau for their next fight? is it time to take advantage of that budding market and perhaps leave vegas behind?
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dɪˈspaɪt ə ˈrɛkərd ɪn ˈɔfəs kəmˈpraɪzd əv wən əˈbɪzməl ˈfeɪljər ˈæftər əˈnəðər, ðə fækt ðət ʤɔrʤ bʊʃ stɪl həz ðə səˈpɔrt əv 60 pərˈsɛnt əv rɪˈpəblɪkənz streɪnz krɪˈduləti. ðɛr ɪz ə ˈglɪmər əv hoʊp ɪn ðɪs nu ˈgæləp ˈnəmbər, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, bɪˈkəz ɪt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ə slaɪt drɔp ɪn səˈpɔrt fər bʊʃ əˈməŋ dead-enders*: əˈpruvəl ˈreɪtɪŋ ɪn hɪz ˈpɑrti həz ˈfɑlən, wɪθ rɪˈpəblɪkənz əˈpruvɪŋ əv ðə ʤɑb duɪŋ, ə ˈgæləp poʊl ˈɪndɪˌkeɪts. θruaʊt hɪz ˈprɛzɪdənsi, bʊʃ ˈævrɪʤd 85 pərˈsɛnt əˈpruvəl əˈməŋ rɪˈpəblɪkənz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ 92 pərˈsɛnt ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz fərst tərm ənd 77 pərˈsɛnt ɪn hɪz ˈsɛkənd tərm ənˈtɪl ðə 60 pərˈsɛnt ˈrɛʤɪstərd ɪn ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈsərˌveɪ, ðə ˈgæləp poʊl riˈlist ˈθərzˌdeɪ indicated…*… ˈpoʊlstərz æt ðə ˈprɪnstən, n.j*., ˈkəmpəˌni sɛd loʊər səˈpɔrt əˈməŋ rɪˈpəblɪkənz ɪz ðə meɪn ˈrizən bɪˈhaɪnd ðə drɔp ɪn ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈreɪtɪŋ. hɪz əˈpruvəl ˈreɪtɪŋz əˈməŋ ˈdɛməˌkræts ənd ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənts wər loʊ ɔˈrɛdi. ðə ˈkəlprɪt fər ðə dɪˈklaɪn ɪn ˈoʊvərˌɔl ʤɑb əˈpruvəl ˈreɪtɪŋ kʊd bi ˈraɪzɪŋ gæs ˈpraɪsɪz, wɪʧ hɪˈstɔrɪkəli weɪ daʊn ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl əˈpruvəl ˈreɪtɪŋz, ˈpoʊlstərz sɛd.
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despite a record in office comprised of one abysmal failure after another, the factt george bush still has the support of 60 percent of republicans strains credulity. there is a glimmer of hope in this new gallup number, however, because it represents a slight drop in support for bush among gop dead-enders:
bush’s approval rating in his party has fallen, with 6-in-10 republicans approving of the job he’s doing, a gallup poll indicates.
throughout his presidency, bush averaged 85 percent approval among republicans, including 92 percent during his first term and 77 percent in his second term until the 60 percent registered in the latest survey, the gallup poll released thursday indicated…
pollsters at the princeton, n.j., company said lower support among republicans is the main reason behind the drop in bush’s overall rating. his approval ratings among democrats and independents were low already.
the culprit for the decline in bush’s overall job approval rating could be rising gas prices, which historically weigh down presidential approval ratings, pollsters said.
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ˈpɑrti gɔlf ɪz ə kaʊʧ kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv geɪm beɪst ɔn ðə ˈsɪmpəl (jɛt ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli əˈdɪktɪv) məˈkænɪks əv gɔlf wɪθ ðə ˈbeɪsɪk goʊl əv ˈgɪtɪŋ jʊr bɔl ˈɪntu ðə hoʊl. ðə ““party”*” ˈæˌspɛkt əv ɪt ɪz pleɪərz ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli ˈʃutɪŋ fər ðə ɪgˈzækt seɪm goʊl æt ðə seɪm taɪm. reɪs jʊr frɛndz æt ɪts kɔr, ðə geɪm ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈbitɪŋ ðə ˈəðərz tɪ ðə hoʊl. ðə ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ məˈkænɪks ər ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪkəli fən, bət ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm hʊk əv ðə geɪm ɪz ðət pleɪərz ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʧuz ˈkəstəm ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃənz əv geɪm ʧeɪnʤ ðə geɪm ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn ˈsɪmpəl, ˈkɑmplɛks, ənd ˈnɑvəl weɪz. ðiz reɪnʤ frəm ˈsɪmpəl θɪŋz səʧ ɛz ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ə ʃeɪp, saɪz, ər weɪt; tɪ ðət əˈlaʊ ˈvɛriəs ˈifɛkts səʧ ɛz ˈʃutɪŋ ɪn ər rəˈpɛlɪŋ jʊr bɔlz. ˈkəstəˌmaɪz ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ. iʧ ˈlɛvəl ɪn ˈpɑrti gɔlf ɪz prəˈsiʤərəli ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd səʧ ðət noʊ tu raʊnz əv ðə geɪm ər ðə seɪm. kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ɑr modifiers*, ðɪs prəˈvaɪdz ən ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɪnfənət ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ wɪθ ə ˈtrɪljən ˈtrɪljən ˈtrɪljən ˌvɛriˈeɪʃənz. ɪt ɪz ˈsɪmpəl ənd fæst tɪ pɪk əp, bət həz əˈpil. ɪt ɪz greɪt fər ɔl ˈeɪʤɪz, ənd ˈpərˌfɪkt fər ˈpɑrtiz. ˈgɪtɪŋ əˈkrɔs ðə ðət ɪz ˈpɑrti gɔlf ɪz hɑrd tɪ du wɪθ wərdz ər ˈivɪn ˈvɪdioʊ. ˈθæŋkfəli, wi hæv ə fri ˈwərkɪŋ ˈdɛmoʊ ðət ju kən pleɪ raɪt naʊ. ðɛrz səm ˈprɪti ˈsɪmpəl eɪaɪ tɪ pleɪ əˈgɛnst, bət ˈpɑrti gɔlf ɪz bɛst pleɪd wɪθ frɛndz, ənd wɪθ kənˈtroʊlərz ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə maʊs. ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ðə ˈdɛmoʊ hir! klɪk tɪ voʊt fər ˈjuˈɛs ɔn stim greenlight*! klɪk tɪ voʊt fər ˈjuˈɛs ɔn greenlight*! wi æt ʤaɪənt ˌmɑrgərˈitə bɪˈliv ðət ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪz ən ɪkˈsɛpʃənəli fən weɪ tɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns geɪmz. ðə ˈʒɑnrə ɪz ˌəndərˈgoʊɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə riˈsərʤəns wɪθ nu ˈtaɪtəlz laɪk əˈsɛnʃən, nidhogg*, gæŋ bists, ənd spɔrts frɛndz ˈlɔnʧɪŋ ɔn ˈpleɪˌsteɪʃən ˈplætˌfɔrmz, ɔl əv wɪʧ hæv mɛt wɪθ kəˈmərʃəl səkˈsɛs ənd strɔŋ pleɪər ˈfɑloʊɪŋz. wɪθ ˈpɑrti gɔlf, wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ kriˈeɪt ə geɪm spəˈsɪfɪkli ˈtɑrgətɪd æt. ɪts ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ ɪz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ kriˈeɪt haɪ ˈlɛvəlz əv pleɪər ˌɪnərˈækʃən bɪtˈwin frɛndz, wɪʧ lidz tɪ ˈrilˌwərld ˌɪnərˈækʃənz. ðɪs staɪl əv ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ ɪz nɔˈstælʤɪk fər ˈgeɪmərz ənd ˈsəmθɪŋ riˈfrɛʃɪŋli ˈkæptɪˌveɪtɪŋ fər pleɪərz hu ɪkˈspɪriənst ɪt ˌbiˈfɔr. muv brɪk! gɪt aʊt weɪ! ˈəndərˌteɪkən lɑts əv ˈvɛri ˈrisərʧ ənd ɪkˌspɛrəmənˈteɪʃən, ənd kriˈeɪtɪd lɑts əv fən ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ ˈɔpʃənz. wi ər kriˈeɪtɪŋ ən ɪkˈspɪriəns ðət həz ðə seɪm ˈfilɪŋ ɛz səm ˈæˌspɛkts əv ˈpiˈsi modding*, bət wɪθ ˈævərɪʤ pleɪərz ɪn kənˈtroʊl θru ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈsɪmpəl ˈmɛnju ˈsɪstəm. θru pleɪ ˈtɛstɪŋ wi hæv ɔˈrɛdi sin ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ moʊdz ˈimərʤ ðət wi hæd ˈnɛvər drimd əv. bananarama*! æt ðɪs steɪʤ, dɪˈvɛləpt ə ˈpiˈsi bɪld ənd ˈpəblɪkli ˈtɛstɪd ɪt tɪ si ɪf ˈpipəl ləv ɪt ɛz məʧ ɛz wi du. ɪn ˈɔgəst, wi tʊk ə ˈkɑnsɛpt bɪld tɪ ə ˈfɛstɪvəl ənd hæd ˈoʊvər ˈpipəl pleɪ ˈpɑrti gɔlf. ðə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ɑr geɪm wɑz əˈmeɪzɪŋ! ˈpipəl frəm ˈeɪʤɪz 8 tɪ 80 pleɪd ðə geɪm ənd steɪd əraʊnd fər mæʧ ˈæftər mæʧ. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ənd ˈəðər pleɪ tɛsts, rɪˈsivd lɑts rɪkˈwɛsts fər ə ˈkɑnsoʊl ˈvərʒən soʊ ðət brɪŋz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ! ɑr ˈprɑʤɛkt ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ˈpɑrti gɔlf tɪ kənˈsoʊlz. ɑr ˈpiˈsi ənd bɪldz ər ɔˈrɛdi əˈveɪləbəl fər ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ənd bɪlt ðiz ɪn ɑr spɛr taɪm ˈoʊvər ðə læst sɪks mənθs. naʊ laɪk tɪ gɪt məʧ mɔr ˈsɪriəs əˈbaʊt dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ə ˈkɑnsoʊl ˈvərʒən, ənd wi nid jʊr hɛlp! ðɛrz ɔˈrɛdi mɔr ˈfiʧərz ɪn ðə ˈdɛmoʊ ðən ju kən poʊk ə stɪk æt, bət wi plæn tɪ du ə lɔt mɔr ˌbiˈfɔr wi riˈlis ðə ˈkɑnsoʊl ˈvərʒən. hir ɪz ə lɪst əv səm əv ðə greɪt θɪŋz wi wɔnt tɪ pʊt ˈɪntu ðə geɪm. (ðɪs ɪz lɪst ˈɪzənt kəmˈplit, wi hæv ə ˈtɔpˌsikrɪt lɪst æt ʤaɪənt ˌmɑrgərˈitə ðət ɪz groʊɪŋ ˈɛvəri deɪ, bɪˈkəz ɔl wi kən θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪz ˈpɑrti gɔlf!) ən ˌɪmˈpruvd ˈmɛnju (ɛz sin ɪn ðə ˈvɪdioʊ) multi-ball*, ˈtərboʊ, ɛr breɪks, ənd ˈgræpəlɪŋ hʊk! ˈɛpɪk ˈkæmərə ˈzumɪŋ! ˈlɛvəlz (θɪŋk ˈɛndləs runner/racing*) sloʊ ˈmoʊʃən ənd ˈsupər spid! mɔr ədˈvænst eɪaɪ! əˈʧivmənts! mɔr (flæʃ, rɪˈvərs ənd drəŋk ˈeɪmɪŋ) ˈwɔtər! (rikˈwaɪərd baɪ ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl gɔlf ˈvɪdioʊ geɪm lɔ) ˈlɑvə! (nɑt rikˈwaɪərd baɪ gɔlf ˈvɪdioʊ geɪm lɔ) keɪvz! ʤəŋk ˈfɑlɪŋ frəm ðə skaɪ! ˈməltəpəl hoʊlz! ˈtɑrgəts ˈəðər ðən hoʊlz (laɪk ˈfloʊtɪŋ bəˈlunz, ənd ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnts) ˈkəstəm bɔl ənd ʃeɪps! geɪm moʊd ˈdɪfərˈɛntli staɪld ˈbækˌgraʊndz (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈdɪskoʊ, ˈkæmərə fid, ˈjuˌtub ˈvɪdioʊz) kənˈtroʊlər saʊnz ənd laɪts tɪ mæʧ ðə geɪm ˈævəˌtɑrz ɪn ðə raʊnd stɑrt ənd ðə ˈskɔrˌbɔrd stæt ˈtrækɪŋ fər iʧ əˈkaʊnt (ˈmeɪbi ɪn ðə klaʊd seɪvz) wi ˈrɪli ər goʊɪŋ tɪ (sɪk) ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˈʤɛli ˈlɛvəl ˈseɪvɪŋ ˈkəstəm ˈmeɪkɪŋ təreɪn frəm ɪkˈstɛndɪd ˈbælənsɪŋ mɔr ðən ʤɪst ðə ti ˈɔrdər (e.g*. ˈbaʊnsinəs, saɪz, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə.) ənd ə hoʊl hip mɔr! ˈpɑrti geɪm ɪz ə geɪm əˈbaʊt pleɪɪŋ wɪθ frɛndz ənd ðə geɪm soʊ ju kən kriˈeɪt jʊr oʊn aɪˈdiə əv wət ðə moʊst fən ˈvərʒən əv ðə geɪm ɪz soʊ ɑr strɛʧ goʊlz traɪ tɪ brɪŋ ˈivɪn mɔr ˈɔsəm tɪ ðət aɪˈdiə! 16000 ˈivɪn mɔr ˈloʊkəl pleɪərz! wɪl meɪk ʃʊr ðət ˈpɑrti gɔlf kən bi pleɪd wɪθ æt ðə seɪm taɪm. wɪl səˈpɔrt ðə ˈwæki əˈproʊʧ əv ˈʃɛrɪŋ 4 kənˈtroʊlərz ənd ˈɔlsoʊ ˈjuzɪŋ ɛz ˈɔltərˌneɪt kənˈtroʊlərz ɛz fju ˈpipəl hæv 8 kənˈtroʊlərz ɪn ðɛr haʊs, bət ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvriˌwən həz ə smartphone*. 18000 pleɪ ˈɔnˌlaɪn! wɪr kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈpɑrti gɔlf ðə ˈfənɪst kaʊʧ ˈməltiˌpleɪər geɪm ðət wi kən, bət ɑr moʊst æst kˈwɛʃən ɪz "kən ju pleɪ ˈɔnˌlaɪn?". wɛl, ɪf wi riʧ ðɪs strɛʧ goʊl, wɪl ˌɪnˈklud ˈɔnˌlaɪn pleɪ. 20000 ˈʃɛrɪŋ! wɪl bɪld ɪn ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ seɪv θɪŋz ju kriˈeɪt ˈɪntu səm sɔrt əv ˈmæʤɪkəl klaʊd laɪk θɪŋ ənd əˈlaʊ ju tɪ faɪnd ənd juz ˈəðər ˈpipəlz stəf. haʊ ər ðə fəndz juzd tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ə ˈkɑnsoʊl ˈvərʒən əv ˈpɑrti gɔlf, wi nid tɪ reɪz fəndz tɪ ˈkəvər ɑrt ənd mˈjuzɪk, ˌklæsəfəˈkeɪʃən əv ðə geɪm, kˈwɑləti əˈʃʊrəns, ˈpɑlɪʃɪŋ ənd ðɛn ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ðə geɪm. ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən əv fəndz wɪr soʊ kloʊz tɪ ə riˈlis, wi kən ˈnɪrli teɪst ɪt! bət tɪ gɪt ðɛr, wɪr ˈgɑnə nid səm ˈkɛrfəl ˈbəʤɪtɪŋ soʊ ðət ðə raɪt ˈɛriəz əv ˈpɑrti gɔlf gɪt ðə əˈtɛnʃən ðeɪ dɪˈzərv. ðə ʧɑrt əˈbəv ˈbrɔdli dɪˈskraɪbz wɛr ðə ɪn fəndz wɪl bi ˈæləˌkeɪtɪd. bət hɪrz ə ˈfərðər ˈbreɪkˌdaʊn əv wɛr jʊr hɑrd ərnd kæʃ ɪz goʊɪŋ. ɑrt mˈjuzɪk 15 tɪ meɪk ˈpɑrti gɔlf ˈivɪn mɔr əv ə ˈpɑrti ənd hæv ˈivɪn lɛs gɔlf, wɪr goʊɪŋ tɪ haɪər ə ˈpɑrtˈtaɪm ˈɑrtɪst tɪ gɪv ðə ˈgræfɪks ðə ˈpɑlɪʃ ðeɪ dɪˈzərv. wɪr ˈɔlsoʊ goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ɑr mˈjuzɪk, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈvɑlvz ˈsɔrsɪŋ nu ˈɑdiˌoʊ fər ðə geɪm frəm ˈsɛvərəl ˈtæləntɪd ˈɑrtɪsts. ˈmɑrkətɪŋ 20 ðɛr ər ˈnɪrli ɛz ˈmɛni gɔlf geɪmz ɪn ɪgˈzɪstəns ɛz ðɛr ər geɪm ˌvɛriˈeɪʃənz ɪn ˈpɑrti gɔlf (ə ˈtrɪljən, ˈtrɪljən, ˈtrɪljən tɪ bi prɪˈsaɪs). wi nid tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˈʤeɪdɪd ənd ˈwɪri wərld ðət ˈpɑrti gɔlf həz mɔr ˈpɑrti ðən ɪz trəˈdɪʃənəli ɪn ə gɔlf geɪm. tɪ du ðɪs, wi nid tɪ əˈtɛnd treɪd ʃoʊz, lərk ˈfɔrəmz, ənd pʊt əp əˈpilɪŋ ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ædz soʊ ðət ðə hoʊl wərld kən si haʊ ˈɔsəm ˈpɑrti gɔlf ɪz. ˌklæsəfəˈkeɪʃən 14 sɪns ðə geɪm ɪz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ riˈlis ɔn ðə wɪr ˈgɑnə gɪt ðə geɪm ˈklæsəˌfaɪd! waɪlst wi ər ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ ðɪs ˈprɔˌsɛs tɪ goʊ sˈmuðli (ˈstrɪktli noʊ ˈzɑmbiz ɪn ˈpɑrti gɔlf), ɪt stɪl kɔsts ə lɔt əv ˈməni tɪ gɪt ðə geɪm ˈklæsəˌfaɪd baɪ ðə ˈdɪfərənt əˈθɔrətiz əraʊnd ðə wərld eg*. pegi*, esrb*, oflc*. kˈwɑləti əˈʃʊrəns 22 ˈɛvəri deɪ, nu ənd ˈivɪn ˈfiʧərz ər ˈædɪd tɪ ˈpɑrti gɔlf. bət wi nid səm ˈtæləntɪd ˈpipəl tɪ sɪt daʊn wɪθ ə lɑrʤ kəp əv ˈkɔfi, ənd tɛl ˈjuˈɛs ðət ðə brɪk bɔl, wɪθ ðə powerup*, ɔn loʊ ˈgrævɪti, meɪks ðə geɪm ɪkˈsploʊd. ðæts ʤɪst nɑt kul, ənd wi nid tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət ðə geɪm ɪz smuð, ˈsteɪbəl ənd fən. rɪˈwɔrdz 19 ˈtiˌsərts doʊnt groʊ ɔn triz əˈpɛrəntli (wət ɛls wʊd ðə 'ti' ɪn ˈtiˌsərt stænd fər??). wɪr ˈæləˌkeɪtɪŋ səm fəndz tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət ju ðə ˈbækər gɪts ðə rɪˈwɔrdz ju peɪd fər, waɪlst ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʃʊr ðət wi stɪl kip ɑr ʃərts. fiz 10 ənˈtɪl teɪks ˈoʊvər ðə wərld, wi stɪl hæv tɪ lɪv wɪθ ˈkrɛdɪt kɑrd fiz. ɔl toʊld, 10 sɛnts ɪn ðə ˈdɔlər wɪl goʊ tɪ fiz, bət wiv əˈkaʊntɪd fər ðət, ənd ər priˈpɛrd! wi hoʊp tɪ dɪˈplɔɪ ðə ˈkɑnsoʊl ˈvərʒən baɪ ʤun 2016 ɔˈrɛdi ə lɔŋ weɪ əˈlɔŋ ðət træk, ənd wi hæv ɔˈrɛdi dɪˈvɛləpt ðə weɪ ðə geɪm pleɪz. ˈɔlsoʊ gɑt ə ˈflɛksəbəl ˈsɪstəm fər ˈædɪŋ ɪn nu geɪm modifiers*, tənz əv ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ modifiers*, ənd wi hæv ə hoʊl bənʧ əv aɪˈdiəz fər mɔr. wəts ə wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈludəkrəs rɪˈwɔrdz? wɛl, wi hæv ə greɪt sɛt əv rɪˈwɔrdz, boʊθ fər ðoʊz hu ləv ˈmərʧənˌdaɪz, laɪk ðə ˈsupər ɪkˈsklusɪv ˈpɑrti gɔlf ˈtiˌsərts, ənd fər ðoʊz hu wɔnt tɪ hɛlp ˈjuˈɛs kriˈeɪt nu fən θɪŋz ɪn ðə geɪm. ˈivɪn ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ kəm ənd drɪŋk ˌmɑrgɛˈritəs wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs ənd pleɪ ˈpɑrti gɔlf! rɪˈwɔrd tirz ˈbækərz wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʧuz frəm səm fænˈtæstɪk ˈtiˌsərt dɪˈzaɪnz, wɪʧ ər ʃoʊn bɪˈloʊ. noʊt ðət ðə ˈfaɪnəl dɪˈzaɪnz meɪ ˈvɛri ənd wɪl ˈmɛnʃən ðə ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ðə. prəˈpoʊzd ˈtiˌsərt dɪˈzaɪn prəˈpoʊzd ˈpoʊstər dɪˈzaɪn soʊ, ɪf ju kən, pliz hɛlp ˈjuˈɛs riʧ ɑr goʊl. ˈɛni əˈmaʊnt ɪz ˈgreɪtli əˈpriʃiˌeɪtɪd, bət ɑr rɪˈwɔrdz ər ˈkjumjələtɪv, soʊ ðə mɔr ju bæk ˈjuˈɛs, ðə mɔr kul rɪˈwɔrdz ju gɪt! ju kən ˈkəstəˌmaɪz ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɪn ˈpɑrti gɔlf, ənd wɪr ˈsupər praʊd əv ðɪs. soʊ praʊd ðət wi hæv kəmˈpaɪld ən ˈɪmɪʤ bɪˈloʊ ðət lɪsts ɔl ðə θɪŋz ju kən ʧeɪnʤ. wi ər goʊɪŋ tɪ æd hips mɔr θɪŋz tɪ ðɪs ɛz dɪˈvɛləpmənt kənˈtɪnjuz. aɪˈdiəz ər ˈkəmɪŋ θɪk ənd fæst (səm mɔr θɪk ðən ˈəðərz), ənd ðə dɪˈvɛləpər ˈfɔrəm əv ɑr ˈbækərz ɪz ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt pleɪs tɪ hæv jʊr seɪ ɔn wət meɪks ɪt ˈɪntu ðə geɪm. ɑr lɪst əv weɪz tɪ ˈmɑdəˌfaɪ ˈpɑrti gɔlf (klɪk θru tɪ si mɔr!) ɪz ˈizi wɪθ ɑr ˈmɛnju (ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp) soʊ ðæts ˈpɑrti gɔlf. wiv wərkt hɑrd tɪ gɪt hir ənd wi kən si ðə ˈfɪnɪʃ laɪn ɔˈrɛdi. wi ʤɪst nid jʊr hɛlp tɪ gɪv ˈpɑrti gɔlf ðə ˈpɑlɪʃ ɪt dɪˈzərvz. frəm ɔl əv ˈjuˈɛs hir æt ʤaɪənt ˌmɑrgərˈitə, θæŋks fər ˈbækɪŋ ˈpɑrti gɔlf!
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party golf is a couch competitive game based on the simple (yet incredibly addictive) mechanics of physics-based 2d golf with the basic goal of getting your ball into the hole. the “party” aspect of it is 2–4 players simultaneously shooting for the exact same goal at the same time.
race your friends
at its core, the game is about beating the others to the hole. the physics-based gameplay mechanics are intrinsically fun, but the long-term hook of the game is that players are able to choose custom combinations of game modifiers.these change the game experience in simple, complex, and novel ways. these range from simple things such as changing a ball’s shape, size, or weight; to powerups that allow various effects such as shooting in mid-air or repelling your opponent’s balls.
customize everything.
each level in party golf is procedurally generated such that no two rounds of the game are the same. combined with our modifiers, this provides an almost infinite player-driven gameplay customisation with a trillion trillion trillion variations. it is simple and fast to pick up, but has long-lasting appeal. it is great for all ages, and perfect for parties.
getting across the awesomeness that is party golf is hard to do with words or even video. thankfully, we have a free working demo that you can play right now. there's some pretty simple ai to play against, but party golf is best played with friends, and with controllers instead of a mouse.
download the demo here!
click to vote for us on steam greenlight!
click to vote for us on greenlight!
we at giant margarita believe that the couchplay experience is an exceptionally fun way to experience games. the genre is undergoing something of a resurgence with new titles like towerfall ascension, nidhogg, gang beasts, and sports friends launching on playstation platforms, all of which have met with commercial success and strong player followings.
with party golf, we wanted to create a game specifically targeted at couchplay. its gameplay is designed to create high levels of in-game player interaction between friends, which leads to real-world interactions. this style of gameplay is nostalgic for long-time gamers and something refreshingly captivating for players who haven’t experienced it before.
move brick! get out tha way!
we’ve undertaken lots of very (un)serious research and (un)scientific experimentation, and we’ve created lots of fun customisable gameplay options. we are creating an experience that has the same feeling as some aspects of pc modding, but with average players in control through an incredibly simple menu system. through play testing we have already seen gameplay modes emerge that we had never dreamed of.
bananarama!
at this stage, we’ve developed a pc build and publicly tested it to see if people love it as much as we do. in august, we took a concept build to a 2-day festival and had over 3,000 people play party golf. the response to our game was amazing! people from ages 8 to 80 played the game and stayed around for match after match. during this and other play tests, we’ve received lots requests for a console version so that brings us to kickstarter!
our kickstarter project is about bringing party golf to consoles. our pc and ouya builds are already available for download and we’ve built these in our spare time over the last six months. we’d now like to get much more serious about developing a console version, and we need your help!
there's already more features in the demo than you can poke a stick at, but we plan to do a lot more stick-poking before we release the console version. here is a list of some of the great things we want to put into the game. (this is list isn't complete, we have a top-secret list at giant margarita hq that is growing every day, because all we can think about is party golf!)
an improved xmb-styled menu (as seen in the video)
multi-ball, turbo, air brakes, and grappling hook powerups!
epic camera zooming!
scrolling levels (think endless runner/racing)
slow motion and super speed!
more advanced ai!
achievements!
more combatative powerups (flash, reverse and drunk aiming)
water! (required by international golf video game law)
lava! (not required by internation golf video game law)
caves!
junk falling from the sky!
multiple holes!
targets other than holes (like floating balloons, and checkpoints) custom ball colours and shapes!
saveable game mode presets
differently styled backgrounds (including disco, webcam/playstation camera feed, youtube videos)
dualshock controller sounds and lights to match the game
psn avatars in the round start and the scoreboard
stat tracking for each psn account (maybe in the cloud saves)
we really are going to maek (sic) everything jelly
level saving / custom playlist making
destructible terrain
8-players from 4-controllers
extended rubberbanding -- dynamically balancing more than just the tee order (e.g. bounciness, size, etc.)
and a whole heap more!
party game is a game about playing with friends and customising the game so you can create your own idea of what the most fun version of the game is -- so our stretch goals try to bring even more awesome to that idea!
$16000 even more local players!
we'll make sure that party golf can be played with 8-players at the same time. we'll support the wacky approach of 8-players sharing 4 controllers and also using smartphones as alternate controllers -- as few people have 8 controllers in their house, but almost everyone has a smartphone.
$18000 play online!
we're committed to making party golf the funnest couch multiplayer game that we can, but our most asked question is "can you play online?". well, if we reach this stretch goal, we'll include online play.
$20000 level/playlist/customisation sharing!
we'll build in the opportunity to save things you create into some sort of magical cloud like thing and allow you to find and use other people's stuff.
how are the funds used
to develop a console version of party golf, we need to raise funds to cover art and music, classification of the game, quality assurance, polishing and then marketing the game.
distribution of kickstarter funds
we're so close to a ps4 release, we can nearly taste it! but to get there, we're gonna need some careful budgeting so that the right areas of party golf get the attention they deserve. the chart above broadly describes where the $14,000 in funds will be allocated. but here's a further breakdown of where your hard earned cash is going.
art + music - 15%
to make party golf even more of a party and have even less golf, we're going to hire a part-time artist to give the graphics the polish they deserve. we're also going to be improving our music, which involves sourcing new audio for the game from several talented artists.
marketing - 20%
there are nearly as many golf games in existence as there are game modifier variations in party golf (a trillion, trillion, trillion to be precise). we need to show the jaded and weary world that party golf has waaaay more party than is traditionally in a golf game. to do this, we need to attend trade shows, lurk forums, and put up appealing facebook ads so that the whole world can see how awesome party golf is.
classification - 14%
since the game is intended to release on the ps4, we're gonna get the game classified! whilst we are expecting this process to go smoothly (strictly no zombies in party golf), it still costs a lot of money to get the game classified by the different authorities around the world eg. pegi, esrb, oflc.
quality assurance - 22%
every day, new and even wackier features are added to party golf. but we need some talented people to sit down with a large cup of coffee, and tell us that the brick ball, with the aftertouch powerup, on low gravity, makes the game explode. that's just not cool, and we need to make sure that the game is smooth, stable and fun.
rewards - 19%
t-shirts don't grow on trees apparently (what else would the 't' in t-shirt stand for??). we're allocating some funds to make sure that you the backer gets the rewards you paid for, whilst making sure that we still keep our shirts.
kickstarter fees - 10%
until bitcoin takes over the world, we still have to live with credit card fees. all told, 10 cents in the dollar will go to fees, but we've accounted for that, and are prepared!
we hope to deploy the console version by june 2016. we’re already a long way along that track, and we have already developed the way the game plays. we’ve also got a flexible system for adding in new game modifiers, tonnes of existing modifiers, and we have a whole bunch of ideas for more.
what's a kickstarter without the ludicrous rewards? well, we have a great set of rewards, both for those who love merchandise, like the super exclusive party golf t-shirts, and for those who want to help us create new fun things in the game. there’s even an opportunity to come and drink margaritas with us and play party golf!
reward tiers
backers will be able to choose from some fantastic t-shirt designs, which are shown below. note that the final designs may vary and will mention the ps4 instead of the ouya.
proposed t-shirt design
proposed poster design
so, if you can, please help us reach our goal. any amount is greatly appreciated, but our rewards are cumulative, so the more you back us, the more cool rewards you get!
you can customize everything in party golf, and we're super proud of this. so proud that we have compiled an image below that lists all the things you can change. we are going to add heaps more things to this as development continues. ideas are coming thick and fast (some more thick than others), and the developer forum of our kickstarter backers is the perfect place to have your say on what makes it into the game.
our ever-expanding list of ways to modify party golf (click through to see more!)
customization is easy with our xmb-inspired menu (prototype)
so that's party golf. we've worked hard to get here and we can see the finish line already. we just need your help to give party golf the polish it deserves.
from all of us here at giant margarita,
thanks for backing party golf!
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tɪ ˈsɪmpləˌfaɪ jʊr ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪpɪŋ ˈsaɪkəl, wiv ˈsɪmpləˌfaɪd ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. smɔl skeɪl, bɪg ˈvælju ˈwɛðər jʊr ɛnd goʊl ɪz kəˈmərʃəl pərˈdəkʃən ər ˈpərsɪnəl ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃən, wi prəˈvaɪd ə greɪt ˌɑpərˈtunəti fər smɔl ˈbɪznɪsɪz ənd ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ˈsikɪŋ ˈoʊpən ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp dɪˈvɛləpmənt. ɑr smɔl skeɪl ˌgɛrənˈtiz ə kloʊz kəˈlæbərˌeɪtɪv ɪkˈspɪriəns, ənd ɑr ˈstrimˌlaɪnd ˈwərkˌfloʊ ˌgɛrənˈtiz jʊr bɛst bæŋ fər bək. lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈmɪʃən spɛnd jʊr taɪm ˈwaɪzli dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ə ˈræpɪd ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp kən bi ə ˈlɛŋθi prəˈsiʤər, ˈɔfən prəˈlɔŋd baɪ ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈdɪfərənt ˈspɛʃəlɪsts æt iʧ stɛp. wɪˈθɪn ə kwɪk taɪm freɪm, wi kəˈmɪt tɪ prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ju ðə bɛst kˈwɑləti məˈtɪriəlz ənd ˈsərvɪs rikˈwaɪərd fər ə səkˈsɛsfəl ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp feɪz baɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪŋ ðə ˈɛkstrə ˈhæsəl ənd ˈwərkɪŋ təˈgɛðər. lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈskɛʤʊlɪŋ ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈteɪlərd tɪ sut jʊr nidz ˈwɛðər jʊr dɪˈzaɪn ɪz ɪn ɪts ˈɪnfənsi ər ˈfaɪnəl stɛp, wi ˈɔfər ðə kriˈeɪtɪv səˈpɔrt ju nid æt ə kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv kɔst. ɑr ˈpraɪsɪz ər ˈflɛksəbəl ɪˈnəf tɪ mit jʊr nidz, prəˈvaɪdɪŋ boʊθ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ənd ˈpækɪʤ reɪts. lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈpraɪsɪŋ wi lɛt ɑr wərk spik fər ˈjuˈɛs ɑr ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪps ər meɪd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈleɪtəst ədˈvænsɪz ɪn ˈprɪnɪŋ tɛkˈnɑləʤi, prəˈdusɪŋ kwɪk ənd ˈækjərət prufs əv ˈkɑnsɛpt. wi ər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ səˈpɔrt ˈɛni ˈprɑdəkt dɪˈzaɪn, ənd ər əˈspɛʃəli ˈsutɪd fər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ hænd hɛld ɪn saɪz. lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈɔnˌlaɪn pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ ˌtɛstɪˈmoʊniəlz "aɪ wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ˈkɑnstənt ˈəpˌdeɪts soʊ ðət aɪ wɑz ˈnɛvər ˈrɪli ˈwəndərɪŋ wət ðə ˈstætəs əv maɪ ˈprɑʤɛkt wɑz. aɪ hæd ən ɪkˈstrimli gʊd ɪkˈspɪriəns, ənd wɪl ˈdɛfənətli juz ðɛr ˈsərvɪsɪz əˈgɛn." -nɪk fæm, ˈkəstəmər "ðə θɪŋz aɪ ˈvæljud wɪθ ðɪs ʤɑb wɑz ðə ˌwənɔnˈwən staɪl əv kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən wɪθ ju gaɪz.. ˈoʊvərˌɔl, aɪ gɑt wət aɪ ˈwɔntɪd ənd ˈlərnɪd ə lɔt frəm ðə hoʊl ˈprɔˌsɛs." -ˈʤɑnəθən smɔl, ˈkəstəmər
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ənˈlɛs məˈklɛrən weɪv ˈmɛni mɔr ˈmɪljənz æt ɪm ənd ˈivɪn ðɛn ðət ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈsərtənli bi ɪˈnəf ˈʤɛnsən ˈbətən wɪl ˌriˈtaɪər frəm ˈfɔrmjələ wən æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈsizən, fʊlˈfɪld, ləˈmɛntɪd ənd ˈlɔdɪd. ðə nuz meɪ wɛl bi əˈnaʊnst ɛz sun ɛz ðɪs ˌʤæpəˈniz grænd pri æt æt hɪz ˈfeɪvərɪt træk, ɪn ə ˈkəntri hi ləvz ənd frəm wɛr hɪz waɪf, ˈʤɛsɪkə, kəmz. fər ˌəndərˈstændz ðət ˈbətən, hu ɪz 35 ɪz pərˈpɛrɪŋ tɪ kɔl taɪm ɔn ə kərɪr ðət həz ˈlæstɪd 16 ˈsizənz, ˈjildɪd wən wərld ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp, wɪθ brɔn, ənd 15 ˈvɪktəriz frəm 278 ˈreɪsɪz soʊ fɑr. duɪŋ soʊ rikˈwaɪərz ə gəlp ˈfɔrmjələ wən ɪz ðə ˈoʊnli wərld ˈbətən həz noʊn sɪns hi wɑz pləkt ɛz ən ənˈnoʊn tɪ draɪv fər ˈwɪljəmz. ˈʤɛnsən ˈbətən, ˈpɪkʧərd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd əv ðə ˈsɪŋəˌpɔr grænd pri, ɪz sɛt tɪ ˌriˈtaɪər frəm ˈfɔrmjələ wən ðə brɪt həz ɪnˈdʊrd ə ˈtɛrəbəl ˈsizən æt ðə ənkəmˈpɛtətɪv məˈklɛrən ˈhɔndə tim ənd rɪˈtaɪrd frəm ðə ˈwiˌkɛndz ˈsɪŋəˌpɔr grænd pri hɛld æt mərˈinə beɪ ˈbətən həz bɪn wɪθ fərˈnɑndoʊ əˈlɑnsoʊ ˈdʊrɪŋ 2015 bət boʊθ ˈfɔrmər wərld ˈʧæmpiənz hæv ˈstrəgəld ˈbædli tɪ meɪk ðə məˈklɛrən tim kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv ˈʤɛnsən ˈbətən kərɪr stæts 2000 ˈwɪljəmz 8th*) 0 wɪnz 12 2001 ˈbɛnətən 17th*) 0 wɪnz 2 2002 rɪˈnɔlt 7th*) 0 wɪnz 14 2003 bɑr 9th*) 0 wɪnz 17* 2004 bɑr 3rd*) 0 wɪnz 85 2005 bɑr 9th*) 0 wɪnz 37 2006 ˈhɔndə 6th*) 1 wɪn 56 2007 ˈhɔndə 15th*) 0 wɪnz 6 2008 ˈhɔndə 18th*) 0 wɪnz 3 2009 brɔn 1st*) 6 wɪnz 95 2010 məˈklɛrən 5th*) 2 wɪnz 214 2011 məˈklɛrən 2nd*) 3 wɪnz 270 2012 məˈklɛrən 5th*) 3 wɪnz 188 2013 məˈklɛrən 9th*) 0 wɪnz 73 2014 məˈklɛrən 8th*) 0 wɪnz 126 2015 məˈklɛrən 18th*) 0 wɪnz 6** pɔɪnts əˈwɔrdɪd ɪn grænd pri ˌɪnˈkrist ˈsizən stɪl ɪn ˈprɑˌgrɛs pərˈhæps hi wɪl θɪŋk hi ˈkɛrid ɔn ə ˈsizən tu lɔŋ. ðə məˈklɛrən hi ɪz ˈdraɪvɪŋ ðɪs jɪr ɪz ˈwoʊfəl bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˌənrɪˈlaɪəbəl, ˌəndərˈpaʊərd ˈhɔndə ˈɪnʤən, ənd ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən ðət nɛkst ˈmɑdəl wɪl bi ˈbɛtər. ðə ˈɪnʤən həz meɪd ɪm lʊk laɪk ə ˈməŋki ðət hi ˈsərtənli isn’t*. ʤɔɪ əv biɪŋ ɪn ən kɑr ɪz ˈoʊnli ðɛr ɪf ˈfaɪtɪŋ æt ðə frənt ənd əˈʧivɪŋ something,’*,’ sɛd ˈbətən ˈæftər əˈnəðər reɪs, æt ˈsɪŋəˌpɔr læst ˈsənˌdi. wɛr hi wɪl goʊ ɪz nɑt klɪr. hi həz hæd tɔks wɪθ ˈpɔrʃə əˈbaʊt ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ðə wərld ˈɛndərəns ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp, ðoʊ məˈklɛrən, hu ˈwɔntɪd tɪ rɪˈteɪn ɪm, wʊd fərst nid tɪ riˈlis ɪm frəm hɪz ˈkɑnˌtrækt. hi ɪz ɔn ə dil ənd ɪz kəmˈplitɪŋ hɪz fərst jɪr naʊ, wɪθ ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈɔpʃənəl fər boʊθ saɪdz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, məˈklɛrən kən blɑk ɪm ˈreɪsɪŋ ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɪf hi livz æt ðɪs steɪʤ. əˈnəðər ˈɔpʃən ɪz ˈstɑrtɪŋ hɪz oʊn tim. hɪz ˈfɑðər ʤɑn, hɪz moʊst ˈɑrdənt səˈpɔrtər ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɛr ˈʤərni təˈgɛðər frəm froʊm, ˈsəmərˌsɛt tɪ wərld ˈglɔri, wɑz ə ˈprɑmənənt ˈdraɪvər ɪn ðə ˈsɛvəntiz, ənd ˈʤɛnsən ˈrisəntli spoʊk ɪnˌθuziˈæstɪkli əˈbaʊt ðə spɔrt. hi ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈkɔrdɪd ə ˈfiʧər wɪθ ðə ˌbibiˈsi. tɔks wɪθ məˈklɛrən ʧif rɑn ˈdɛnɪs hæv feɪld tɪ ədˈvæns fər ˈbətən hu ɪz sɛt tɪ ɛnd 16 jɪrz ɪn kərɪr ˈhaɪˌlaɪt keɪm ˈæftər hi wən ðə wərld ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ɪn 2009 wɪθ ðə brɔn tim pɑrt əv laɪf meɪ ˌɪnˈklud ˈmidiə wərk. hi həz bɪn lɪŋkt wɪθ ə ʤɑb æt krɪs riˈvæmpt tɔp gɪr, ðoʊ ɪt ɪz ˌəndərˈstʊd ˈɛni ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən wərk wʊd bi noʊ mɔr ðən pɑrt əv hɪz pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ. ˈbətən wɑz ˈhændɪd hɪz ˈdeɪbju baɪ fræŋk ˈwɪljəmz ɪn 2000 hi wɑz kæst ɛz ə ˈpleɪˌbɔɪ, ənd nɑt ɪnˈtaɪərli wɪˈθaʊt faʊnˈdeɪʃən. wɪn hi pɑrkt hɪz jɑt ɪn ðə ˈhɑrbər bərθ æt ˈmɑnəˌkoʊ, ðə ˈɪmɪʤ wɑz ˌriɪnˈfɔrst. ˈflɑvioʊ briatore*, hɪz bɔs æt ˈbɛnətən, hɪz ˈsɛkənd tim, æst ɪm ˈæftər wən ˈmɑnəˌkoʊ reɪs ɪf hi hæd hæd ˈɛni lək ˈfaɪndɪŋ ə nu əˈpɑrtmənt ɪn ðə ˌprɪnsɪˈpælɪti. ‘‘no,’*,’ sɛd ˈbətən. ‘‘why?’*?’ ‘‘because,’*,’ sɛd briatore*, wər ˈlʊkɪŋ əraʊnd ðə hoʊl race.’*.’ ˈbətən wɑz ə ərˈaɪvəl ɪn wɪn hi meɪd hɪz ˈdeɪbju wɪθ ðə ˈwɪljəmz tim ɪn 2000 hi məˈtjʊrd bət ðɛr rɪˈmeɪnd ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ðə ˈmuvi stɑr hu gɑt ðə gərl ɪn ðə læst ril: ɪn hɪz keɪs, ðə ˈbjutəfəl ˈlɑnʒərˌeɪ ˈmɑdəl hi ˈrisəntli ˈmɛrid. ˈbətən wɑz smuð bɪˈhaɪnd ðə wil, ˈɛvəri tərn əv ðə wil biɪŋ əˈkɑmplɪʃt wɪθ ə nəʤ ənd ə dɪŋk. hi wɑz ˈtæktɪkəli səˈprim ðə ˈdraɪvər moʊst ˈlaɪkli tɪ kɔl ə taɪər ʧeɪnʤ æt ðə raɪt taɪm ɛz ðə klaʊdz kloʊzd ɪn. pərˈhæps moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, hi wən ðə əˈkleɪm əv kənˈtɛmpərˌɛriz fər ˈdraɪvɪŋ hɑrd bət ˈskrupjələsli ˈfɛrli. hɪz kərɪr wɑz ə slow-burner*. hi pɪkt səm sˈləgɪʃ timz. ɪt tʊk ɪm 113 ˈreɪsɪz tɪ wɪn, æt ˈhəŋgəri ɪn ðə wɛt ɪn 2006 bət wɪθ brɔn ɪn 2009 hi wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ə kɑr ənd hi dɪˈlɪvərd, ˈrɑmpɪŋ ˈɪntu ə ˈtaɪtəl lɛd ənd ðɛn, ˈæftər ə ˈnərvəs pɔz, ˈkloʊzɪŋ ɪt aʊt ɪn brəˈzɪl. ðə ˈpɪkʧərz əv ɪm ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪŋ wɪθ hɪz dæd ʃoʊ hɪz aɪz ˈpɑpɪŋ aʊt ɛz ɪf hi hæd ʤɪst dɪˈskəvərd ðət ˈhɛvən ɪgˈzɪstəd. bət pərˈhæps hɪz ˈgreɪtəst ˌvæləˈdeɪʃən wɑz sɪˈkjʊrd wɪn hi reɪst æt məˈklɛrən wɪθ luɪs ˈhæməltən ənd aʊtˈskɔrd hɪz ˈfɛloʊ brɪt ˈoʊvər ðɛr θri ˈsizənz. ɪt wɑz nɑt ðə ˈtɔrtəs əˈgɛnst ðə hɛr, bət ðə traɪəmf əv ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən ˈoʊvər rɑ ˈɪnstɪŋkt. hi ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ deɪn ˈkɛvɪn ˈmægnəsən, hu droʊv fər məˈklɛrən ɪn 2014 ər ˈstɑfəl vandoorne*, ðə ˈbɛlʤən hu lidz ənd tɪ θɪŋk ðət ˈbətən wɑz ðə jəŋ ˈʃeɪvər wəns.
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unless mclaren wave many more millions at him — and even then that almost certainly won’t be enough — jenson button will retire from formula one at the end of the season, fulfilled, lamented and lauded.
the news may well be announced as soon as this weekend’s japanese grand prix at suzuka — at his favourite track, in a country he loves and from where his wife, jessica, comes.
for sportsmail understands that button, who is 35, is preparing to call time on a career that has lasted 16 seasons, yielded one world championship, with brawn, and 15 victories from 278 races so far. doing so requires a gulp — formula one is the only world button has known since he was plucked as an unknown 19-year-old to drive for williams.
jenson button, pictured during the weekend of the singapore grand prix, is set to retire from formula one
the brit has endured a terrible season at the uncompetitive mclaren honda team and retired from the weekend's singapore grand prix held at marina bay
button has been team-mates with fernando alonso during 2015 but both former world champions have struggled badly to make the mclaren team competitive
jenson button f1 career stats 2000: williams (8th) 0 wins - 12 pts 2001: benetton (17th) 0 wins - 2 pts 2002: renault (7th) 0 wins - 14 pts 2003: bar (9th) 0 wins - 17 pts* 2004: bar (3rd) 0 wins - 85 pts 2005: bar (9th) 0 wins - 37 pts 2006: honda (6th) 1 win - 56 pts 2007: honda (15th) 0 wins - 6 pts 2008: honda (18th) 0 wins - 3 pts 2009: brawn (1st) 6 wins - 95 pts 2010: mclaren (5th) 2 wins - 214 pts * 2011: mclaren (2nd) 3 wins - 270 pts 2012: mclaren (5th) 3 wins - 188 pts 2013: mclaren (9th) 0 wins - 73 pts 2014: mclaren (8th) 0 wins - 126 pts 2015: mclaren (18th) 0 wins - 6 pts** * points awarded in f1 grand prix increased ** season still in progress
perhaps he will think he carried on a season too long. the mclaren he is driving this year is woeful because of the unreliable, underpowered honda engine, and there is no indication that next year’s model will be day-and-night better. the engine has made him look like a monkey that he certainly isn’t.
‘the joy of being in an f1 car is only there if you’re fighting at the front and achieving something,’ said button after another point-less race, at singapore last sunday.
where he will go is not clear. he has had talks with porsche about joining the world endurance championship, though mclaren, who wanted to retain him, would first need to release him from his contract.
he is on a one-year-plus-one deal and is completing his first year now, with the second optional for both sides. however, mclaren can block him racing elsewhere if he leaves at this stage.
another option is starting his own rallycross team. his father john, his most ardent supporter during their journey together from frome, somerset to world glory, was a prominent rallycross driver in the seventies, and jenson recently spoke enthusiastically about the sport. he also recorded a rallycross feature with the bbc.
talks with mclaren chief ron dennis have failed to advance for button who is set to end 16 years in f1
button's career highlight came after he won the world championship in 2009 with the brawn team
part of button’s post-f1 life may include media work. he has been linked with a job at chris evans’s revamped top gear, though it is understood any tv work would be no more than part of his portfolio.
button was handed his debut by frank williams in 2000. he was cast as a playboy, and not entirely without foundation. when he parked his yacht in the harbour master’s berth at monaco, the image was reinforced. flavio briatore, his boss at benetton, his second team, asked him after one monaco race if he had had any luck finding a new apartment in the principality. ‘no,’ said button. ‘why?’
‘because,’ said briatore, ‘you were looking around the whole f*****g race.’
button was a fresh-faced arrival in f1 when he made his debut with the williams team in 2000
he matured but there remained something of the movie star who got the girl in the last reel: in his case, the beautiful lingerie model he recently married.
button was smooth behind the wheel, every turn of the wheel being accomplished with a nudge and a dink. he was tactically supreme — the driver most likely to call a tyre change at the right time as the clouds closed in. perhaps most importantly, he won the acclaim of contemporaries for driving hard but scrupulously fairly.
his career was a slow-burner. he picked some sluggish teams. it took him 113 races to win, at hungary in the wet in 2006.
but with brawn in 2009, he was given a championship-winning car and he delivered, romping into a title lead and then, after a nervous pause, closing it out in brazil. the pictures of him celebrating with his dad show his eyes popping out as if he had just discovered that heaven existed. but perhaps his greatest validation was secured when he raced at mclaren with lewis hamilton and outscored his fellow brit over their three seasons. it was not the tortoise against the hare, but the triumph of calculation over raw instinct.
he is likely to be replaced by dane kevin magnussen, who drove for mclaren in 2014, or stoffel vandoorne, the belgian who leads gp2.
and to think that button was the young shaver once.
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ɪf ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈdəzənt bɛnd ɔn trænˈspɛrənsi, tɛk fərmz wɪl lʊks fər weɪz tɪ ʃət aʊt ɔl rɪkˈwɛsts, ˈmæθju prɪns sɛd. wiv naʊ muvd bɪɔnd mɪr tɔk əˈbaʊt haʊ ðə ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈeɪʤənsiz sərˈveɪləns ˈproʊˌgræmz meɪ hərt juz. klaʊd prəˈvaɪdərz, sɪz ˈmæθju prɪns, ðə ʧif ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv əv. ðə ˈkəmpəˌniz ər ɔˈrɛdi ˈfilɪŋ ðə peɪn., ə wɛb saɪt sɪˈkjʊrəti fərm ənd ˈnɛtˌwərk prəˈvaɪdər wɪθ klaɪənts ðət rən ðə ˈgæmət frəm tɪ ðə duk ənd ˈdəʧəs əv ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ, ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ 50 tɪ 100 kɔlz pər deɪ frəm ˈkəstəmərz dɪˈmændɪŋ mɔr ˈænsərz əˈbaʊt ðə fərmz ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt wɪθ ðə juz. ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈeɪʤənsi, prɪns sɪz. bət ðæts ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðə ˈkəmpəˌni kænt gɪv aʊt, hi ɪkˈspleɪnz, ənd ðə ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti tɪ seɪ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈgəvərnmənt rɪkˈwɛsts ɪz ˈsɪriəsli ˈhərtɪŋ hɪz ˈbɪznɪs. "wi gɪt kɔlz ˈrɛgjələrli ðət seɪ, məst bi ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ðə nsa*,' wɪʧ wɪr nɑt," prɪns sɛd. "wiv gɔn soʊ fɑr ɛz tɪ ˈlɪtɪˌgeɪt rɪkˈwɛsts ðət dɪd nɑt mit wɪθ ɑr ˈprɑsɛsəz, bət aɪ kænt tɛl ju ˈɛniˌθɪŋ bɪɔnd ðət, wɪʧ ɪz ˌɪnˈseɪn." ɪz wən əv ˈsɛvərəl ˈkəmpəˌniz ðət saɪnd ə ˈlɛtər ˈæskɪŋ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ lɛt ðɛm dɪˈskloʊz ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈdætə rɪkˈwɛsts ðət ðeɪ rɪˈsiv frəm ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ɪn ðə neɪm əv trænˈspɛrənsi wɪθ ðɛr ˈkəstəmərz. wɪθ mɔr ðən 70 pərˈsɛnt əv ɪts ˈbɪznɪs ˈoʊvərˈsiz nɑt ənˈkɑmən fər ˈkəmpəˌniz wɪθ ˈsərvɪsɪz ɪz ˈfaɪtɪŋ ə ˈdeɪli ˈbætəl tɪ kip ɪts klaɪənts əraʊnd ðə wərld frəm ˈʤəmpɪŋ ʃɪp tɪ ˈfɔrən kəmˈpɛtɪtərz. prɪns sɛd ðət ˈivɪn biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʃɛr ðə ˈnəmbər, nɑt ˈivɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛnt, əv juz. ˈdætə rɪkˈwɛsts wʊd meɪk hɪz klaɪənts mɔr əˈwɛr əv hɪz ˈkəmpəniz ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən. "ðə ˌfəndəˈmɛnəl θɪŋ hir ɪz trəst. wɪr ɪn ðə trəst ˈbɪznɪs. ðiz ˈproʊˌgræmz θˈrɛtən ðət trəst," prɪns sɛd. "wiv lɔst ˈkəstəmərz ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ðɪs ənd wɪl kənˈtɪnju tɪ luz ˈkəstəmərz ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ðɪs." dɪz nɑt əˈpoʊz ɔl səʧ rɪkˈwɛsts, hi sɛd. ɪf ðə ˈkəmpəˌni dimz ə rɪkˈwɛst tɪ bi ˈrizənəbəl hi brɔt əp ðə ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən əv ə saɪt ˈhoʊstɪŋ ˌpɔrnəˈgræfɪk ˈpɪkʧərz əv ən gərl ðɛn ɪz ˈsərtənli ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ hɛlp. prɪns sɛd ðə tɛk kəmˈjunɪti ɪz ɛz məʧ tɪ bleɪm ɛz ˈwɔʃɪŋtən fər ðiz taɪps əv ˈprɑbləmz. ðə tu ˈɔfən hæv kənˈflɪktɪŋ goʊlz, wɪθ tɛk ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ floʊ əraʊnd ˈbɛriərz, ənd lɔ ˈeɪmɪŋ tɪ bɪld ðɛm əp, hi sɛd. wɪˈθaʊt mɔr ˈliˌweɪ frəm ðə ˈgəvərnmənt, prɪns sɛd, tɛk ˈkəmpəˌniz wɪl hæv tɪ kəm əp wɪθ ðɛr oʊn səˈluʃənz ðət kʊd kɔst lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ˈeɪʤənsiz ˈvæljəbəl tulz. ˈgugəl həz sɛd ðət ɪts ˈplænɪŋ tɪ ɪnˈkrɪpt ɪts ˈrɛkərdz tɪ ˈhæmpər ˈgəvərnmənt sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈproʊˌgræmz ðət əˈfɛkt ɪts ˈkəstəmərz' ˈpraɪvəsi. ənd prɪns sɛd hi meɪ hæv tɪ du ðə seɪm, fər ðə gʊd əv hɪz klaɪənts. bət hi stɪl həz hɪz ˌrɛzərˈveɪʃənz əˈbaʊt ˈpʊtɪŋ əp ðoʊz ˈbɛriərz. "ɪn ðə ˈmækroʊ vju, ɪt maɪt bi gʊd, bət aɪ ˈwəri əˈbaʊt ðət gərl," prɪns sɛd.
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if the government doesn't bend on transparency, tech firms will looks for ways to shut out all requests, cloudflare's matthew prince said.
we've now moved beyond mere talk about how the national security agency's surveillance programs may hurt u.s. cloud providers, says matthew prince, the chief executive of cloudflare. the companies are already feeling the pain.
cloudflare, a web site security firm and network provider with clients that run the gamut from wikileaks to the duke and duchess of cambridge, is getting 50 to 100 calls per day from customers demanding more answers about the firm's involvement with the u.s. national security agency, prince says.
but that's information the company can't give out, he explains, and the inability to say anything about government requests is seriously hurting his business.
"we get calls regularly that say, 'cloudflare must be working with the nsa,' which we're not," prince said. "we've gone so far as to litigate requests that did not meet with our processes, but i can't tell you anything beyond that, which is insane."
cloudflare is one of several companies that signed a letter asking the government to let them disclose the number of data requests that they receive from the united states, in the name of transparency with their customers. with more than 70 percent of its business overseas -- not uncommon for companies with cloud-based services -- cloudflare is fighting a daily battle to keep its clients around the world from jumping ship to foreign competitors.
prince said that even being able to share the number, not even the content, of u.s. data requests would make his clients more aware of his company's reputation.
"the fundamental thing here is trust. we're in the trust business. these programs threaten that trust," prince said. "we've lost customers as a result of this and will continue to lose customers as a result of this."
cloudflare does not oppose all such requests, he said. if the company deems a request to be reasonable -- he brought up the hypothetical situation of a site hosting pornographic pictures of an 8-year-old girl -- then cloudflare is certainly willing to help.
prince said the tech community is as much to blame as washington for these types of problems. the two often have conflicting goals, with tech working to flow around barriers, and law aiming to build them up, he said.
without more leeway from the government, prince said, tech companies will have to come up with their own solutions that could cost law enforcement agencies valuable crime-fighting tools. google has said that it's planning to encrypt its records to hamper government security programs that affect its customers' privacy. and prince said he may have to do the same, for the good of his clients.
but he still has his reservations about putting up those barriers. "in the macro view, it might be good, but i worry about that eight-year-old girl," prince said.
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(greɪt nuz! ðɛr ɪz ə nu ˈvərʒən əv ðɪs tuˈtɔriəl!) ðɪs ɪz ðə fɪfˈtinθ ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪn ðə ˈsɪriz ɪn wɪʧ aɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈraɪtɪŋ wɛb ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ɪn ˈpaɪθɑn ˈjuzɪŋ ðə flæsk microframework*. ðə goʊl əv ðə tuˈtɔriəl ˈsɪriz ɪz tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ə ˈdisəntli ˈfiʧərd ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ðət ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪŋ ˈtoʊtəl læk əv ərˌɪʤəˈnælɪti aɪ hæv ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ kɔl noʊt: ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl wɑz rɪˈvaɪzd ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər 2014 tɪ bi ɪn sɪŋk wɪθ ˈkɑrənt ˈvərʒənz əv ˈpaɪθɑn ənd flæsk. hir ɪz ən ˈɪndɛks əv ɔl ðə ˈɑrtɪkəlz ɪn ðə ˈsɪriz ðət hæv bɪn ˈpəblɪʃt tɪ deɪt: ðɪs wɪl bi ðə læst əv ðə ənd θimd ˈɑrtɪkəlz, ɛz wi kəmˈplit ɑr ˈɛfərt tɪ meɪk ɑr ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ækˈsɛsəbəl ənd ˈfrɛndli tɪ ˈspikərz. ɪn ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl wi wɪl teɪk ə dɪˈpɑrʧər frəm ðə "seɪf zoʊn" əv dɪˈvɛləpmənt wiv kəm tɪ ləv ənd wɪl wərk ɔn ə ˈfiʧər ðət həz ˈikwəli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈsərvər ənd kəmˈpoʊnənts. hæv ju sin ðə "trænzˈleɪt" lɪŋks ðət səm saɪts ʃoʊ nɛkst tɪ ˈjuzər ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd ˈkɑntɛnt? ðiz ər lɪŋks ðət ˈtrɪgər ə ril taɪm ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd trænzˈleɪʃən əv ˈkɑntɛnt ðət ɪz nɑt ɪn ðə ˈjuzərz ˈneɪtɪv ˈlæŋgwɪʤ. ðə trænzˈleɪtəd ˈkɑntɛnt ɪz ˈtɪpɪkəli ˌɪnˈsərtɪd bɪˈloʊ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈvərʒən. ˈgugəl ʃoʊz ɪt fər sərʧ rɪˈzəlts ɪn ˈfɔrən ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz. ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ʃoʊz ɪt fər poʊsts. təˈdeɪ wi ər ˈædɪŋ ðət ˈvɛri seɪm ˈfiʧər tɪ ˈvərsəz. ɪn ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈmɑdəl ðət wiv ˈfɑloʊd soʊ fɑr wi hæv ə klaɪənt (ðə ˈjuzərz wɛb ˈbraʊzər) ˈmeɪkɪŋ rɪkˈwɛsts tɪ ɑr ˈsərvər. ə rɪkˈwɛst kən ˈsɪmpli æsk fər ə wɛb peɪʤ, laɪk wɪn ju klɪk ðə "jʊr ˈproʊˌfaɪl" lɪŋk, ər ɪt kən meɪk ˈjuˈɛs pərˈfɔrm ən ˈækʃən, laɪk wɪn ðə ˈjuzər ˈɛdɪts hɪz ər hər ˈproʊˌfaɪl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd klɪks ðə səbˈmɪt ˈbətən. ɪn boʊθ taɪps əv rɪkˈwɛsts ðə ˈsərvər kəmˈplits ðə rɪkˈwɛst baɪ ˈsɛndɪŋ ə nu wɛb peɪʤ tɪ ðə klaɪənt, ˈiðər dɪˈrɛkli ər baɪ ˈɪʃuɪŋ ə ˌridərˈɛkt. ðə klaɪənt ðɛn rɪˈpleɪsɪz ðə ˈkɑrənt peɪʤ wɪθ ðə nu wən. ðɪs ˈsaɪkəl rɪˈpits fər ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ðə ˈjuzər steɪz ɔn ɑr wɛb saɪt. wi kɔl ðɪs ˈmɑdəl bɪˈkəz ðə ˈsərvər dɪz ɔl ðə wərk waɪl ðə klaɪənt ʤɪst dɪˈspleɪz ðə wɛb ˈpeɪʤɪz ɛz ɪt rɪˈsivz ðɛm. ɪn ðə ˈmɑdəl wi hæv ə wɛb ˈbraʊzər ðət əˈgɛn, ˈɪʃuz ə rɪkˈwɛst tɪ ðə ˈsərvər. ðə ˈsərvər rɪˈspɑndz wɪθ ə wɛb peɪʤ laɪk ɪn, bət nɑt ɔl ðə peɪʤ ˈdætə ɪz, ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ koʊd, ˈtɪpɪkəli ˈrɪtən ɪn ˈʤɑvəˌskrɪpt. wəns ðə klaɪənt rɪˈsivz ðə peɪʤ ɪt wɪl dɪˈspleɪ ɪt ənd ðɛn ˈɛksəˌkjut ðə koʊd ðət keɪm wɪθ ɪt. frəm ðɛn ɔn ju hæv ən ˈæktɪv klaɪənt ðət kən du wərk ɔn ɪts oʊn wɪˈθaʊt ˈriʧɪŋ aʊt tɪ ðə ˈsərvər. ɪn ə strɪkt ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ɪz ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd tɪ ðə klaɪənt wɪθ ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl peɪʤ rɪkˈwɛst, ənd ðɛn ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən rənz ɔn ðə klaɪənt wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛvər rɪˈfrɛʃɪŋ ðə peɪʤ, ˈoʊnli ˈkɑnˌtæktɪŋ ðə ˈsərvər tɪ rɪˈtriv ər stɔr ˈdætə. ðɪs taɪp əv ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ər kɔld ˈsɪŋgəl peɪʤ ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ər spɑz. moʊst ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ər ə ˈhaɪbrɪd bɪtˈwin ðə tu ˈmɑdəlz ənd ˈkɑmbaɪn tɛkˈniks əv boʊθ wərldz. ɑr ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ɪz ˈklɪrli ə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən, bət təˈdeɪ wi wɪl bi ˈædɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt əv ˈækʃən tɪ ðə mɪks. tɪ du ril taɪm trænzˈleɪʃənz əv ˈjuzər poʊsts ðə klaɪənt ˈbraʊzər wɪl sɛnd rɪkˈwɛsts tɪ ðə ˈsərvər, bət ðə ˈsərvər wɪl rɪˈspɑnd wɪθ trænzˈleɪtəd tɛksts wɪˈθaʊt ˈkɔzɪŋ ə peɪʤ rɪˈfrɛʃ. ðə klaɪənt wɪl ðɛn ˌɪnˈsərt ðə trænzˈleɪʃənz ˈɪntu ðə ˈkɑrənt peɪʤ. ðɪs tɛkˈnik ɪz noʊn ɛz ˈeɪˌʤæks, wɪʧ ɪz ʃɔrt fər ˈeɪˈsɪŋkrənəs ˈʤɑvəˌskrɪpt ənd ˌɛkˌsɛˈmɛl (ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðiz deɪz ˌɛkˌsɛˈmɛl ɪz ˈɔfən ˌriˈpleɪst wɪθ). ˈtrænsˌleɪtɪŋ ˈjuzər ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd ˈkɑntɛnt wi naʊ hæv ˈprɪti gʊd səˈpɔrt fər ˈfɔrən ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz θæŋks tɪ flask-babel*. əˈsumɪŋ wi kən faɪnd trænzˈleɪtərz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ hɛlp ˈjuˈɛs, wi kʊd ˈpəblɪʃ ɑr ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ɪn ɛz ˈmɛni ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz ɛz wi wɔnt. bət ðɛr ɪz wən ˈɛləmənt ˈmɪsɪŋ. wi meɪd ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ˈvɛri ˈfrɛndli ənd ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪŋ tɪ ˈpipəl əv ɔl ˈpleɪsɪz, soʊ naʊ wi ər goʊɪŋ tɪ gɪt ˈkɑntɛnt ɪn ə vərˈaɪəti əv ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz, soʊ ɑr ˈjuzərz ər ˈlaɪkli tɪ kəm əˈkrɔs blɔg poʊsts ðət ər ˈrɪtən ɪn ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz ðeɪ doʊnt ˌəndərˈstænd. ˈwʊdənt ɪt bi nis ɪf wi kʊd ˈɔfər ən ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs? ðə kˈwɑləti əv ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd trænzˈleɪʃənz ˈɪzənt greɪt, bət ɪn moʊst ˈkeɪsɪz ɪt ɪz gʊd ɪˈnəf tɪ gɪt ən aɪˈdiə əv wət ˈsəmˌwən sɛd ɪn ə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ wi doʊnt spik, soʊ ɔl ɑr ˈjuzərz (ˈivɪn ɑrˈsɛlvz!) kən ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm səʧ ə ˈfiʧər. ðɪs ɪz ən aɪˈdil ˈfiʧər tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ɛz ən ˈeɪˌʤæks ˈsərvɪs. kənˈsɪdər ðət ɑr ˈɪndɛks peɪʤ kʊd bi ʃoʊɪŋ ˈsɛvərəl poʊsts, səm əv wɪʧ maɪt bi ɪn ˈsɛvərəl ˈdɪfərənt ˈfɔrən ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz. ɪf wi ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈjuzɪŋ trəˈdɪʃənəl tɛkˈniks ə rɪkˈwɛst fər ə trænzˈleɪʃən wʊd kɔz ðə ərˈɪʤənəl peɪʤ tɪ gɪt ˌriˈpleɪst wɪθ ə nu peɪʤ ʃoʊɪŋ ʤɪst ðə trænzˈleɪʃən fər ðə səˈlɛktɪd poʊst. ˈæftər ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ðə ˈjuzər wʊd hæv tɪ hɪt ðə bæk ˈbətən tɪ goʊ bæk tɪ ðə poʊst ˈlɪstɪŋ. ðə fækt ɪz ðət rɪkˈwɛstɪŋ ə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈɪzənt ə bɪg ɪˈnəf ˈækʃən tɪ ˌrikˈwaɪər ə fʊl peɪʤ ˈəpˌdeɪt, ðɪs ˈfiʧər wərks məʧ ˈbɛtər ɪf ðə trænzˈleɪtəd tɛkst ɪz ˌɪnˈsərtɪd bɪˈloʊ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl tɛkst waɪl ˈlivɪŋ ðə rɛst əv ðə peɪʤ ənˈtəʧt. soʊ təˈdeɪ wi ər ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ ɑr fərst ˈeɪˌʤæks ˈsərvɪs! ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ lɪv ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd trænzˈleɪʃənz rikˈwaɪərz ə fju stɛps. fərst wi nid tɪ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ðə sɔrs ˈlæŋgwɪʤ fər ðə tɛkst wi wɔnt tɪ trænzˈleɪt. wəns wi noʊ ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ wi ˈɔlsoʊ noʊ ɪf ə trænzˈleɪʃən ɪz ˈnidɪd fər ə ˈgɪvɪn ˈjuzər, bɪˈkəz wi ˈɔlsoʊ noʊ wət ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ðə ˈjuzər həz ˈʧoʊzən. wɪn ə trænzˈleɪʃən ɪz ˈɔfərd ənd ðə ˈjuzər ˈwɪʃɪz tɪ si ɪt wi ˌɪnˈvoʊk ðə ˈeɪˌʤæks trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs, wɪʧ wɪl rən ɔn ɑr ˈsərvər. ɪn ðə ˈfaɪnəl stɛp ðə ˈʤɑvəˌskrɪpt koʊd wɪl ˌɪnˈsərt ðə trænzˈleɪtəd tɛkst ˈɪntu ðə peɪʤ. aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv ə poʊst ɑr fərst ˈprɑbləm ɪz aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪɪŋ wət ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ə poʊst wɑz ˈrɪtən ɪn. ðɪs ˈɪzənt ən ɪgˈzækt saɪəns, ɪt wɪl nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ dɪˈtɛkt ə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ, soʊ wi wɪl kənˈsɪdər ɪt ə "bɛst ˈɛfərt" kaɪnd əv θɪŋ. wi ər goʊɪŋ tɪ juz ðə ˈpaɪθɑn ˈmɑʤul fər ðɪs. ənˈfɔrʧənətli ɪf ju ər ˈjuzɪŋ ˈpaɪθɑn 3 ðə ˈpækɪʤ wɪl hæv ˈɪʃuz, bət ə fɔrk ɪgˈzɪsts ðət kən bi juzd ɪn ɪts pleɪs: ˌɪnˈstɔl wɪθ ðɪs ˈmɑʤul wi wɪl skæn ðə tɛkst əv iʧ blɔg poʊst tɪ traɪ tɪ gɛs ɪts ˈlæŋgwɪʤ. sɪns wi doʊnt wɔnt tɪ skæn ðə seɪm poʊsts ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər əˈgɛn wi wɪl du ðɪs wəns fər iʧ poʊst, æt ðə taɪm ðə poʊst ɪz səbˈmɪtəd baɪ ðə ˈjuzər. wi wɪl ðɛn stɔr ðə dɪˈtɛktɪd ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə poʊst ɪn ɑr ˈdætəˌbeɪs. soʊ lɛts bɪˈgɪn baɪ ˈædɪŋ ə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ fild tɪ ɑr poʊsts ˈteɪbəl: klæs post(db.model*): __searchable*__ ['ˈbɑdi'] ˈaɪˈdi db.column(db.integer*, primary_key=true*) ˈbɑdi db.column(db.datetime*) db.column(db.integer*, db.foreignkey('user.id*')) ˈlæŋgwɪʤ iʧ taɪm wi ˈmɑdəˌfaɪ ðə ˈdætəˌbeɪs wi ˈɔlsoʊ nid tɪ du ə maɪˈgreɪʃən: nu maɪˈgreɪʃən seɪvd ɛz ˈkɑrənt ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈvərʒən: 5 naʊ wi hæv ə pleɪs tɪ stɔr ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv iʧ poʊst, soʊ lɛts dɪˈtɛkt ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv iʧ ˈædɪd blɔg poʊst: frəm ˌɪmˈpɔrt @app.route*('/', methods=['get*', 'poʊst']) @app.route('/index*', methods=['get*', 'poʊst']) @app.route('/index/<int:page*>', methods=['get*', 'poʊst']) fɔrm postform*() ɪf form.validate_on_submit*(): ˈlæŋgwɪʤ guesslanguage(form.post.data*) ɪf ˈlæŋgwɪʤ 'ənˈnoʊn' ər len(language*) 5 ˈlæŋgwɪʤ poʊst post(body=form.post.data*, timestamp=datetime.utcnow*(), author=g.user*, language=language*) db.session.add(post*) db.session.commit*() poʊst ɪz naʊ lɪv!')) rɪˈtərn redirect(url_for('index*')) poʊsts g.user.followed_posts().paginate(page*, posts_per_page*, fɔls) rɪˈtərn render_template('index.html*', title='home*', form=form*, posts=posts*) ɪf ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˈgɛsɪŋ ˈdəzənt wərk ər rɪˈtərnz ən ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪdli lɔŋ rɪˈzəlt wi pleɪ ɪt seɪf ənd seɪv ən ˈɛmti strɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈdætəˌbeɪs, ə kənˈvɛnʃən ðət wi wɪl juz tɪ ˈsɪgnəl ðət ə poʊst həz ən ənˈnoʊn ˈlæŋgwɪʤ. dɪˈspleɪɪŋ ðə "trænzˈleɪt" lɪŋk ðə nɛkst stɛp ɪz tɪ ʃoʊ ə "trænzˈleɪt" lɪŋk nɛkst tɪ ˈɛni poʊsts ðət ər nɑt ɪn ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ juzd baɪ ðə ˈjuzər (faɪl ɪf nən ənd ənd href*="#">{{ _('trænzˈleɪt') }}</a></div*> wi ər duɪŋ ðɪs ɪn ðə, soʊ ˈɛni peɪʤ ðət dɪˈspleɪz blɔg poʊsts wɪl gɪt ðɪs ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti. ðə trænzˈleɪt lɪŋk wɪl ˈoʊnli bi ˈvɪzəbəl ɪf wi kʊd dɪˈtɛkt ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv ðə blɔg poʊst ənd ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ wi dɪˈtɛktɪd ɪz ˈdɪfərənt ðən ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ səˈlɛktɪd baɪ ðə ˈfəŋkʃən frəm flask-babel*, wɪʧ beɪst ɔn ðə wərk wi dɪd ɪn ðə ˈpriviəs ˈɑrtɪkəl wi kən naʊ ˈækˌsɛs æt ðɪs lɪŋk rikˈwaɪərd ˈjuˈɛs tɪ æd ə nu tɛkst, ðə wərd "trænzˈleɪt" wɪʧ nidz tɪ bi ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ɑr trænzˈleɪʃən faɪlz, soʊ wi ˈɛnərd ɪt wɪθ ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈræpər tɪ meɪk ɪt ˈvɪzəbəl tɪ flask-babel*. tɪ gɪt ɪt trænzˈleɪtəd wi hæv tɪ rɪˈfrɛʃ ɑr ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˈkætəlɔg trænzˈleɪt ɪn ənd ɛz sin ɪn ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl. wi doʊnt ˈrɪli noʊ wət wi wɪl bi duɪŋ tɪ ˈtrɪgər ə trænzˈleɪʃən jɛt, soʊ fər naʊ ðə lɪŋk dɪz ˈnəθɪŋ. trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪsɪz ˌbiˈfɔr wi kən pərˈsid wɪθ ɑr ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən wi nid tɪ faɪnd ə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs ðət wi kən juz. ðɛr ər ˈmɛni trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪsɪz əˈveɪləbəl, bət ənˈfɔrʧənətli moʊst ər ˈiðər peɪd ˈsərvɪsɪz ər fri wɪθ bɪg ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz. ðə tu ˈmeɪʤər trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪsɪz ər ˈgugəl trænzˈleɪt ənd ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft trænzˈleɪtər. boʊθ ər peɪd ˈsərvɪsɪz, bət ðə ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ˈɔfərɪŋ həz ən ˈɛntri ˈlɛvəl ˈɔpʃən fər loʊ ˈvɑljum əv trænzˈleɪʃənz ðət ɪz fri. ˈgugəl ˈɔfərd ə fri trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs ɪn ðə pæst bət ðət ˈɪzənt əˈveɪləbəl ˌɛniˈmɔr. ðət meɪks ɑr ʧɔɪs əv trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs ˈvɛri ˈizi. ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft trænzˈleɪtər ˈsərvɪs tɪ juz ðə ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft trænzˈleɪtər ðɛr ər ə ˈkəpəl əv rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ðət nid tɪ bi mɛt: ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən dɪˈvɛləpər nidz tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər wɪθ ðə ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft trænzˈleɪtər æp æt ðə ˈæʒər ˈmɑrkɪtˌpleɪs. hir ðə ˈlɛvəl əv ˈsərvɪs kən bi səˈlɛktɪd (ðə fri ˈɔpʃən ɪz æt ðə ˈbɑtəm). ðɛn ðə dɪˈvɛləpər nidz tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər ən ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən. ðə ˈrɛʤɪstərd ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən wɪl gɪt klaɪənt ˈaɪˈdi ənd klaɪənt ˈsikrɪt koʊdz tɪ bi juzd ɛz pɑrt əv ðə rɪkˈwɛsts sɛnt tɪ ðɪs ˈsərvɪs. wəns ðə ˌrɛʤɪˈstreɪʃən pɑrt ɪz kəmˈplit ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs tɪ rɪkˈwɛst ə trænzˈleɪʃən ɪz ɛz ˈfɑloʊz: gɪt ən ˈækˌsɛs ˈtoʊkən, ˈpæsɪŋ ɪn ðə klaɪənt ˈaɪˈdi ənd ˈsikrɪt. kɔl ðə dɪˈzaɪərd trænzˈleɪʃən ˈmɛθəd, ˈiðər ˈeɪˌʤæks, ər soʊp, prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ðə ˈækˌsɛs ˈtoʊkən ənd ðə tɛkst tɪ trænzˈleɪt. ðɪs ˈrɪli saʊnz mɔr ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd ðən ɪt ˈrɪli ɪz, soʊ wɪˈθaʊt goʊɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈditeɪlz hir ɪz ə ˈfəŋkʃən ðət dɪz ɔl ðə ˈdərti wərk ənd ˈtrænsˌleɪts ə tɛkst tɪ əˈnəðər ˈlæŋgwɪʤ (faɪl traɪ: ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˈpaɪθɑn 2 ɪkˈsɛpt importerror*: ˌɪmˈpɔrt ɛz ˈpaɪθɑn 3 traɪ: frəm ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˈpaɪθɑn 2 ɪkˈsɛpt importerror*: frəm ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˈpaɪθɑn 3 ˌɪmˈpɔrt frəm ˌɪmˈpɔrt frəm ˌɪmˈpɔrt, microsoft_translate(text*, sourcelang*,): ɪf ər rɪˈtərn gettext('error*: trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs nɑt kənˈfɪgjərd.') traɪ: gɪt ˈækˌsɛs ˈtoʊkən ({ 'client_id*':, 'client_secret*':, 'skoʊp': 'http://api.microsofttranslator.com*', 'grant_type*': 'client_credentials*'}) kɑn httplib.httpsconnection("datamarket.accesscontrol.windows.net*") conn.request("post*",) rɪˈspɑns (conn.getresponse().read*()) ˈtoʊkən response[u'access_token*'] trænzˈleɪt kɑn httplib.httpconnection('api.microsofttranslator.com*') {'appid*': 'ˈbɛrər ˈtoʊkən, 'frəm': sourcelang*, 'tɪ':, 'tɛkst': conn.request("get*", '/v2/ajax.svc/translate*?' urlencode(params*)) rɪˈspɑns json.loads("{\"response*\":" rɪˈtərn response["response*"] ɪkˈsɛpt: rɪˈtərn gettext('error*: ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈɛrər.') ðɪs ˈfəŋkʃən ˌɪmˈpɔrts tu nu ˈaɪtəmz frəm ɑr kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən faɪl, ðə ˈaɪˈdi ənd ˈsikrɪt koʊdz əˈsaɪnd baɪ ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft (faɪl ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs ˈɛnər jʊr mɪz trænzˈleɪtər æp ˈaɪˈdi hir ˈɛnər jʊr mɪz trænzˈleɪtər æp ˈsikrɪt hir tɪ juz ðə ˈsərvɪs ju wɪl nid tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər ˈjɔrsɛlf ənd ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən tɪ rɪˈsiv ðə koʊdz ðət goʊ ɪn ðə əˈbəv kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən ˈvɛriəbəlz. ˈivɪn ɪf ju ʤɪst ˌɪnˈtɛnd tɪ tɛst ðɪs ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ju kən ˈrɛʤɪstər wɪθ ðə ˈsərvɪs fər fri. wi hæv ˈædɪd mɔr tɛksts, ðɪs taɪm ə fju ˈɛrər ˈmɛsɪʤɪz. ðiz nid trænzˈleɪʃənz, soʊ wi hæv tɪ ənd tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt ɑr trænzˈleɪʃən faɪlz. lɛts trænzˈleɪt səm tɛkst! soʊ haʊ du wi juz ðə trænzˈleɪtər ˈsərvɪs? ɪts ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈvɛri ˈsɪmpəl. hir ɪz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl: ˈpaɪθɑn (ənˈnoʊn, ʤən 9 2012 frəm æp ˌɪmˈpɔrt trænzˈleɪt translate.microsoft_translate('hi*, haʊ ər ju təˈdeɪ?', 'ɛn', 'ɛs') u'¿hola*, hɔɪ?' ˈeɪˌʤæks ɪn ðə ˈsərvər naʊ wi kən trænzˈleɪt tɛksts bɪtˈwin ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz, soʊ wi ər ˈrɛdi tɪ ˈɪnəˌgreɪt ðɪs ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti ˈɪntu ɑr ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən. wɪn ðə ˈjuzər klɪks ðə trænzˈleɪt lɪŋk ɪn ə poʊst ðɛr wɪl bi ən ˈeɪˌʤæks kɔl ˈɪʃud tɪ ɑr ˈsərvər. wɪl si haʊ ðɪs kɔl ɪz meɪd ɪn ə bɪt, fər naʊ lɛts ˈkɑnsənˌtreɪt ɔn ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ ðə ˈsərvər saɪd əv ðə ˈeɪˌʤæks kɔl. ən ˈeɪˌʤæks ˈsərvɪs ɪn ðə ˈsərvər ɪz laɪk ə ˈrɛgjələr vju ˈfəŋkʃən wɪθ ðə ˈoʊnli ˈdɪfərəns ðət ˌɪnˈstɛd əv rɪˈtərnɪŋ ən peɪʤ ər ə ˌridərˈɛkt ɪt rɪˈtərnz ˈdætə, ˈtɪpɪkəli ɛz ˈiðər ˌɛkˌsɛˈmɛl ər. sɪns ɪz məʧ mɔr ˈfrɛndli tɪ ˈʤɑvəˌskrɪpt wi wɪl goʊ wɪθ ðət ˈfɔrˌmæt (faɪl frəm flæsk ˌɪmˈpɔrt frəm .trænzˈleɪt ˌɪmˈpɔrt @app.route('/translate*', methods=['post*']) trænzˈleɪt(): rɪˈtərn({ 'tɛkst':( request.form['text*'], request.form['sourcelang*'], request.form['destlang*']) ðɛr ɪz nɑt məʧ nu hir. ðɪs rut ˈhændəlz ə poʊst rɪkˈwɛst ðət ʃʊd kəm wɪθ ðə tɛkst tɪ trænzˈleɪt ənd ðə sɔrs ənd ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃən ˈlæŋgwɪʤ koʊdz. sɪns ðɪs ɪz ə poʊst rɪkˈwɛst wi ˈækˌsɛs ðiz ˈaɪtəmz ɛz ɪf ðɪs wɑz ˈdætə ˈɛnərd ɪn ən fɔrm, ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈdɪkʃəˌnɛri. wi kɔl wən əv ɑr trænzˈleɪʃən ˈfəŋkʃənz wɪθ ðɪs ˈdætə ənd wəns wi gɪt ðə trænzˈleɪtəd tɛkst wi ʤɪst ˈkɑnvərt ɪt tɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ˈfəŋkʃən. ðə ˈdætə ðət ðə klaɪənt wɪl si ɛz ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðɪs rɪkˈwɛst wɪl hæv ðɪs ˈfɔrˌmæt: "tɛkst": "<trænzˈleɪtəd tɛkst goʊz hir>" ˈeɪˌʤæks ɪn ðə klaɪənt naʊ wi nid tɪ kɔl ðə ˈeɪˌʤæks vju ˈfəŋkʃən frəm ðə wɛb ˈbraʊzər, soʊ wi nid tɪ goʊ bæk tɪ ðə tɪ kəmˈplit ðə wərk wi ˈstɑrtɪd ˈərliər. wi stɑrt baɪ ˈræpɪŋ ðə poʊst tɛkst ɪn ə spæn ˈɛləmənt wɪθ ə juˈnik ˈaɪˈdi, soʊ ðət wi kən ˈleɪtər faɪnd ɪt ɪn ðə dɑm ənd ˌriˈpleɪs ɪt wɪθ ðə trænzˈleɪtəd tɛkst (faɪl id="post*{{ }}</span></strong></p*> noʊt haʊ wi ˈkɑnstrəkt ðə juˈnik ˈaɪˈdi ˈjuzɪŋ ðə poʊsts ˈaɪˈdi ˈnəmbər. ɪf ə ˈgɪvɪn poʊst həz ən ˈaɪˈdi 3 ðɛn ðə ˈaɪˈdi əv ðə <spæn> ˈɛləmənt ðət ræps ɪt wɪl bi wi ər ˈɔlsoʊ goʊɪŋ tɪ ræp ðə trænzˈleɪt lɪŋk ɪn ə spæn wɪθ ə juˈnik ˈaɪˈdi, ɪn ðɪs keɪs soʊ ðət wi kən haɪd ɪt wəns ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ɪz ʃoʊn: href*="#">{{ _('trænzˈleɪt') }}</a></span></div*> kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ wɪθ ðə ɪgˈzæmpəl əˈbəv, ðə trænzˈleɪʃən lɪŋk wʊd gɪt ðə ˈaɪˈdi ənd tɪ meɪk ɪt ə nis ənd ˈjuzər ˈfrɛndli ˈfiʧər wi ər ˈɔlsoʊ goʊɪŋ tɪ θroʊ ɪn ə ˈspɪnɪŋ wil ˌænəˈmeɪʃən ðət stɑrts ˈhɪdən ənd wɪl ˈoʊnli əˈpɪrz waɪl ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs ɪz ˈrənɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈsərvər, ˈɔlsoʊ wɪθ ə juˈnik ˈaɪˈdi: id="loading{{post.id*}}" style="display*: nən" src="/static/img/loading.gif*"> soʊ naʊ wi hæv ən ˈɛləmənt kɔld post<id*> ðət kənˈteɪnz ðə tɛkst tɪ trænzˈleɪt, ən ˈɛləmənt kɔld translation<id*> ðət kənˈteɪnz ðə trænzˈleɪt lɪŋk bət wɪl ˈleɪtər bi ˌriˈpleɪst wɪθ ðə trænzˈleɪtəd tɛkst ənd ən ˈɪmɪʤ wɪθ ˈaɪˈdi loading<id*> ðət wɪl bi ʃoʊn waɪl ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs ɪz ˈwərkɪŋ. ðə <ˈaɪˈdi> ˈsəfɪks ɪz wət meɪks ðiz ˈɛləmənts juˈnik, wi kən hæv ˈmɛni poʊsts ɪn ə peɪʤ ənd iʧ wɪl gɪt ɪts oʊn sɛt əv θri ˈɛləmənts. wi naʊ nid tɪ ˈtrɪgər ðə ˈeɪˌʤæks kɔl wɪn ðə trænzˈleɪt lɪŋk ɪz klɪkt. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈtrɪgərɪŋ ðə kɔl dɪˈrɛkli frəm ðə lɪŋk wɪl kriˈeɪt ə ˈʤɑvəˌskrɪpt ˈfəŋkʃən ðət dɪz ɔl ðə wərk, sɪns wi hæv ə fju θɪŋz tɪ du ðɛr ənd wi doʊnt wɔnt tɪ ˈdupləˌkeɪt koʊd ɪn ˈɛvəri poʊst. lɛts stɑrt baɪ ˈædɪŋ ə kɔl tɪ ðɪs ˈfəŋkʃən wɪn ðə trænzˈleɪt lɪŋk ɪz klɪkt: <ə href="javascript:translate*('{{ '#poʊst{{ '#trænzˈleɪʃən{{ '#ˈloʊdɪŋ{{ _('trænzˈleɪt') }}</ə> ðə ˈtɛmplət ˈvɛriəbəlz əbˈskjʊr ðɪs koʊd ə bɪt, bət ˈrɪli ðə ˈfəŋkʃən ðət wi ər ˈkɔlɪŋ ɪz ˈsɪmpəl. əˈsumɪŋ ə poʊst wɪθ ˈaɪˈdi 23 ðət ɪz ˈrɪtən ɪn ˈspænɪʃ ənd ɪz vjud baɪ ə ˈjuzər ðət ˈjuzɪz ˈɪŋlɪʃ ðɛn ðɪs ˈfəŋkʃən wɪl bi kɔld ɛz ˈfɑloʊz: translate('es*', 'ɛn', soʊ ðɪs ˈfəŋkʃən wɪl rɪˈsiv ðə sɔrs ənd ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃən ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz ənd ðə θri dɑm ˈɛləmənts əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ðə poʊst tɪ trænzˈleɪt. wi kænt raɪt ðɪs ˈfəŋkʃən ɪn ðə bɪˈkəz ɪts ˈkɑntɛnts ər rɪˈpitɪd fər iʧ poʊst. wɪl ˈɪmpləmənt ðə ˈfəŋkʃən ɪn ɑr beɪs ˈtɛmplət, soʊ ðət ðɛr ɪz ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈkɑpi əv ɪt ðət ɪz ækˈsɛsəbəl ɪn ɔl ˈpeɪʤɪz (faɪl <skrɪpt> ˈfəŋkʃən translate(sourcelang*,, sourceid*, destid*, loadingid*) $(destid).hide*(); $(loadingid).show*(); $.post('/translate*', tɛkst: $(sourceid).text*(), sourcelang*: sourcelang*,: }).done(function(translated*) $(destid).text(translated['text*']) $(loadingid).hide*(); $(destid).show*(); }).fail(function*() $(destid).text*("{{ _('ˈɛrər: kʊd nɑt ˈkɑnˌtækt ˈsərvər.') $(loadingid).hide*(); $(destid).show*(); </skrɪpt> wi rɪˈlaɪ ɔn fər ðɪs ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti. ˈriˌkɔl ðət wi ˌɪnˈkludɪd bæk wɪn wi staɪld ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ˈjuzɪŋ ˈbutˌstræp ˈfreɪmˌwərk. wi stɑrt baɪ ˈhaɪdɪŋ ðə ˈɛləmənt ðət kənˈteɪnz ðə trænzˈleɪt lɪŋk ənd ʃoʊɪŋ ðə ˈspɪnɪŋ wil ˈɪmɪʤ. ðɛn wi juz $.poʊst() ˈfəŋkʃən tɪ sɛnd ðə ˈeɪˌʤæks rɪkˈwɛst tɪ ɑr ˈsərvər. ðə $.poʊst ˈfəŋkʃən ˈɪʃuz ə poʊst rɪkˈwɛst ðət tɪ ðə ˈsərvər wɪl bi aɪˈdɛntɪkəl tɪ ə rɪkˈwɛst ˈɪʃud baɪ ðə ˈbraʊzər wɪn ə fɔrm ɪz səbˈmɪtəd. ðə ˈdɪfərəns ɪz ðət ɪn ðə klaɪənt ðɪs rɪkˈwɛst ˈhæpənz ɪn ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd wɪˈθaʊt ˈkɔzɪŋ ə peɪʤ riˈloʊd. wɪn ə rɪˈspɑns ɪz rɪˈsivd frəm ðə ˈsərvər ðə ˈfəŋkʃən ˈgɪvɪn ɛz ən ˈɑrgjəmənt tɪ ðə dən() kɔl wɪl ˈɛksəˌkjut ənd wɪl hæv ə ʧæns tɪ ˌɪnˈsərt ðə ˈdætə rɪˈsivd ˈɪntu ðə peɪʤ. ðɪs ˈfəŋkʃən rɪˈsivz ðə rɪˈspɑns ɛz ən ˈɑrgjəmənt, soʊ wi ʤɪst ˌoʊvərˈraɪt ðə trænzˈleɪt lɪŋk ɪn ðə dɑm wɪθ ðə trænzˈleɪtəd tɛkst, ðɛn haɪd ðə ˈspɪnɪŋ wil ənd ˈfaɪnəli dɪˈspleɪ ðə trænzˈleɪtəd tɛkst fər ðə ˈjuzər tɪ si. nit! ɪf ðɛr ɪz ˈɛni ˈɛrər ðət prɪˈvɛnts ðə klaɪənt frəm ˈgɪtɪŋ ə rɪˈspɑns frəm ðə ˈsərvər ðɛn ðə ˈfəŋkʃən ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə feɪl() kɔl wɪl bi ˌɪnˈvoʊkt. ɪn ðɪs keɪs wi ʤɪst ʃoʊ ə ʤəˈnɛrɪk ˈɛrər ˈmɛsɪʤ, wɪʧ ˈɔlsoʊ nidz tɪ bi trænzˈleɪtəd ˈɪntu ɔl ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz ənd ðəs rikˈwaɪərz ə rɪˈfrɛʃ əv ɑr trænzˈleɪʃən ˈdætəˌbeɪs. ˈjunɪt ˈtɛstɪŋ rɪˈmɛmbər ɑr ˈjunɪt tɛst ˈfreɪmˌwərk? ɪt ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ə gʊd aɪˈdiə tɪ ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt ɪf ɪt meɪks sɛns tɪ raɪt tɛsts ˈɛvəri taɪm wi æd ə nu ˈfiʧər. ˌɪnˈvoʊkɪŋ ðə tɛkst trænzˈleɪʃən ˈsərvɪs kʊd bi ˈsəmθɪŋ wi kʊd ˌɪnədˈvərtəntli breɪk waɪl wi wərk ɔn ɑr koʊd, ər ɪt kʊd breɪk du tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪts ɪn ðə ˈsərvɪs. lɛts raɪt ə kwɪk tɛst ðət meɪks ʃʊr wi kən ˈkɑnˌtækt ðə ˈsərvɪs ənd əbˈteɪn trænzˈleɪʃənz: frəm ˌɪmˈpɔrt klæs testcase(unittest.testcase*): test_translation(self*): əˈsərt microsoft_translate(u'english*', 'ɛn', 'ɛs') u'inglés*' əˈsərt microsoft_translate(u'español*', 'ɛs', 'ɛn') u'spanish*' wi du nɑt hæv ə ˈtɛstɪŋ ˈfreɪmˌwərk æt ðɪs taɪm, soʊ wi wɪl nɑt tɛst ðə ˈeɪˌʤæks prəˈsiʤər. ˈrənɪŋ ɑr ˈtɛstɪŋ ˈfreɪmˌwərk ʃʊd gɪv ˈjuˈɛs noʊ ˈɛrərz: ræn 5 tɛsts ɪn ˈoʊˈkeɪ bət ɪf ju rən ðə tɛst ˈfreɪmˌwərk wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ dən ðə ˈprɑpər kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən fər ðə ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft trænzˈleɪtər ju wʊd gɪt: ....ɛf feɪl: (__main__.testcase*) (moʊst ˈrisənt kɔl læst): faɪl "./tests.py*", laɪn 120 ɪn əˈsərt microsoft_translate(u'english*', 'ɛn', 'ɛs') u'inglés*' ræn 5 tɛsts ɪn feɪld ˈfaɪnəl wərdz ənd wɪθ ðɪs wi kənˈklud ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl. aɪ hoʊp ɪt wɑz ɛz fən tɪ rɛd fər ju ɛz ɪt wɑz fər mi tɪ raɪt! aɪ hæv ˈrisəntli bɪn əˈlərtɪd əv səm ˈɪʃuz wɪθ ðə ˈdætəˌbeɪs wɪn ɪz juzd fər ðə fʊl tɛkst sərʧ. ɪn ðə nɛkst ˈʧæptər aɪ wɪl juz ðɪs ˈprɑbləm ɛz ən ɪkˈskjuz tɪ goʊ ˈoʊvər səm əv maɪ diˈbəgɪŋ tɛkˈniks fər flæsk ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz. steɪ tund fər ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd xvi*! ðə koʊd fər ðə ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ɪz əˈveɪləbəl ɔn, hir. fər ðoʊz ðət du nɑt juz bɪˈloʊ ɪz ə ˈfrɛndli ˈdaʊnˌloʊd lɪŋk: ˈdaʊnˌloʊd microblog-0.15.zip*. aɪ lʊk ˈfɔrwərd tɪ si ju ɪn ðə nɛkst ˈɑrtɪkəl! mɪˈgɛl
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(great news! there is a new version of this tutorial!)
this is the fifteenth article in the series in which i document my experience writing web applications in python using the flask microframework.
the goal of the tutorial series is to develop a decently featured microblogging application that demonstrating total lack of originality i have decided to call microblog .
note: this article was revised in september 2014 to be in sync with current versions of python and flask.
here is an index of all the articles in the series that have been published to date:
this will be the last of the i18n and l10n themed articles, as we complete our effort to make our microblog application accessible and friendly to non-english speakers.
in this article we will take a departure from the "safe zone" of server-side development we've come to love and will work on a feature that has equally important server and client-side components. have you seen the "translate" links that some sites show next to user generated content? these are links that trigger a real time automated translation of content that is not in the user's native language. the translated content is typically inserted below the original version. google shows it for search results in foreign languages. facebook shows it for posts. today we are adding that very same feature to microblog !
server-side vs. client-side
in the traditional server-side model that we've followed so far we have a client (the user's web browser) making requests to our server. a request can simply ask for a web page, like when you click the "your profile" link, or it can make us perform an action, like when the user edits his or her profile information and clicks the submit button. in both types of requests the server completes the request by sending a new web page to the client, either directly or by issuing a redirect. the client then replaces the current page with the new one. this cycle repeats for as long as the user stays on our web site. we call this model server-side because the server does all the work while the client just displays the web pages as it receives them.
in the client-side model we have a web browser that again, issues a request to the server. the server responds with a web page like in server-side, but not all the page data is html, there is also code, typically written in javascript. once the client receives the page it will display it and then execute the code that came with it. from then on you have an active client that can do work on its own without reaching out to the server. in a strict client-side application the entire application is downloaded to the client with the initial page request, and then the application runs on the client without ever refreshing the page, only contacting the server to retrieve or store data. this type of applications are called single page applications or spas.
most applications are a hybrid between the two models and combine techniques of both worlds. our microblog application is clearly a server-side application, but today we will be adding a little bit of client-side action to the mix. to do real time translations of user posts the client browser will send requests to the server, but the server will respond with translated texts without causing a page refresh. the client will then insert the translations into the current page dynamically. this technique is known as ajax, which is short for asynchronous javascript and xml (even though these days xml is often replaced with json).
translating user generated content
we now have pretty good support for foreign languages thanks to flask-babel. assuming we can find translators willing to help us, we could publish our application in as many languages as we want.
but there is one element missing. we made the application very friendly and inviting to people of all places, so now we are going to get content in a variety of languages, so our users are likely to come across blog posts that are written in languages they don't understand. wouldn't it be nice if we could offer an automated translation service? the quality of automated translations isn't great, but in most cases it is good enough to get an idea of what someone said in a language we don't speak, so all our users (even ourselves!) can benefit from such a feature.
this is an ideal feature to implement as an ajax service. consider that our index page could be showing several posts, some of which might be in several different foreign languages. if we implemented the translation using traditional server-side techniques a request for a translation would cause the original page to get replaced with a new page showing just the translation for the selected post. after reading the translation the user would have to hit the back button to go back to the post listing. the fact is that requesting a translation isn't a big enough action to require a full page update, this feature works much better if the translated text is dynamically inserted below the original text while leaving the rest of the page untouched. so today we are implementing our first ajax service!
implementing live automated translations requires a few steps. first we need to identify the source language for the text we want to translate. once we know the language we also know if a translation is needed for a given user, because we also know what language the user has chosen. when a translation is offered and the user wishes to see it we invoke the ajax translation service, which will run on our server. in the final step the client-side javascript code will dynamically insert the translated text into the page.
identifying the language of a post
our first problem is identifying what language a post was written in. this isn't an exact science, it will not always be possible to detect a language, so we will consider it a "best effort" kind of thing. we are going to use the guess-language python module for this. unfortunately if you are using python 3 the package guess-language will have issues, but a fork exists that can be used in its place:
flask/bin/pip uninstall guess-language flask/bin/pip install https://bitbucket.org/spirit/guess_language/downloads/guess_language-spirit-0.5a4.tar.bz2
with this module we will scan the text of each blog post to try to guess its language. since we don't want to scan the same posts over and over again we will do this once for each post, at the time the post is submitted by the user. we will then store the detected language along with the post in our database.
so let's begin by adding a language field to our posts table:
class post(db.model): __searchable__ = ['body'] id = db.column(db.integer, primary_key=true) body = db.column(db.string(140)) timestamp = db.column(db.datetime) user_id = db.column(db.integer, db.foreignkey('user.id')) language = db.column(db.string(5))
each time we modify the database we also need to do a migration:
$ ./db_migrate.py new migration saved as microblog/db_repository/versions/005_migration.py current database version: 5
now we have a place to store the language of each post, so let's detect the language of each added blog post:
from guess_language import guesslanguage @app.route('/', methods=['get', 'post']) @app.route('/index', methods=['get', 'post']) @app.route('/index/<int:page>', methods=['get', 'post']) @login_required def index(page=1): form = postform() if form.validate_on_submit(): language = guesslanguage(form.post.data) if language == 'unknown' or len(language) > 5: language = '' post = post(body=form.post.data, timestamp=datetime.utcnow(), author=g.user, language=language) db.session.add(post) db.session.commit() flash(gettext('your post is now live!')) return redirect(url_for('index')) posts = g.user.followed_posts().paginate(page, posts_per_page, false) return render_template('index.html', title='home', form=form, posts=posts)
if the language guessing doesn't work or returns an unexpectedly long result we play it safe and save an empty string to the database, a convention that we will use to signal that a post has an unknown language.
displaying the "translate" link
the next step is to show a "translate" link next to any posts that are not in the language used by the user (file app/templates/posts.html ):
{% if post.language != none and post.language != '' and post.language != g.locale %} <div><a href="#">{{ _('translate') }}</a></div> {% endif %}
we are doing this in the post.html sub-template, so any page that displays blog posts will get this functionality. the translate link will only be visible if we could detect the language of the blog post and the language we detected is different than the language selected by the localeselector function from flask-babel, which based on the work we did in the previous article we can now access at g.locale .
this link required us to add a new text, the word "translate" which needs to be included in our translation files, so we entered it with the translation wrapper to make it visible to flask-babel. to get it translated we have to refresh our language catalog ( tr_update.py ), translate in poedit and recompile ( tr_compile.py ), as seen in the i18n article.
we don't really know what we will be doing to trigger a translation yet, so for now the link does nothing.
translation services
before we can proceed with our application we need to find a translation service that we can use.
there are many translation services available, but unfortunately most are either paid services or free with big limitations.
the two major translation services are google translate and microsoft translator. both are paid services, but the microsoft offering has an entry level option for low volume of translations that is free. google offered a free translation service in the past but that isn't available anymore. that makes our choice of translation service very easy.
using the microsoft translator service
to use the microsoft translator there are a couple of requirements that need to be met:
the application developer needs to register with the microsoft translator app at the azure marketplace. here the level of service can be selected (the free option is at the bottom).
then the developer needs to register an application. the registered application will get client id and client secret codes to be used as part of the requests sent to this service.
once the registration part is complete the process to request a translation is as follows:
get an access token, passing in the client id and secret.
call the desired translation method, either ajax, http or soap, providing the access token and the text to translate.
this really sounds more complicated than it really is, so without going into details here is a function that does all the dirty work and translates a text to another language (file app/translate.py ):
try: import httplib # python 2 except importerror: import http.client as httplib # python 3 try: from urllib import urlencode # python 2 except importerror: from urllib.parse import urlencode # python 3 import json from flask_babel import gettext from config import ms_translator_client_id, ms_translator_client_secret def microsoft_translate(text, sourcelang, destlang): if ms_translator_client_id == "" or ms_translator_client_secret == "": return gettext('error: translation service not configured.') try: # get access token params = urlencode({ 'client_id': ms_translator_client_id, 'client_secret': ms_translator_client_secret, 'scope': 'http://api.microsofttranslator.com', 'grant_type': 'client_credentials'}) conn = httplib.httpsconnection("datamarket.accesscontrol.windows.net") conn.request("post", "/v2/oauth2-13", params) response = json.loads (conn.getresponse().read()) token = response[u'access_token'] # translate conn = httplib.httpconnection('api.microsofttranslator.com') params = {'appid': 'bearer ' + token, 'from': sourcelang, 'to': destlang, 'text': text.encode("utf-8")} conn.request("get", '/v2/ajax.svc/translate?' + urlencode(params)) response = json.loads("{\"response\":" + conn.getresponse().read().decode('utf-8') + "}") return response["response"] except: return gettext('error: unexpected error.')
this function imports two new items from our configuration file, the id and secret codes assigned by microsoft (file config.py ):
# microsoft translation service ms_translator_client_id = '' # enter your ms translator app id here ms_translator_client_secret = '' # enter your ms translator app secret here
to use the service you will need to register yourself and the application to receive the codes that go in the above configuration variables. even if you just intend to test this application you can register with the service for free.
we have added more texts, this time a few error messages. these need translations, so we have to re-run tr_update.py , poedit and tr_compile.py to update our translation files.
let's translate some text!
so how do we use the translator service? it's actually very simple. here is an example:
$ flask/bin/python python 2.6.8 (unknown, jun 9 2012, 11:30:32) >>> from app import translate >>> translate.microsoft_translate('hi, how are you today?', 'en', 'es') u'¿hola, cómo estás hoy?'
ajax in the server
now we can translate texts between languages, so we are ready to integrate this functionality into our application.
when the user clicks the translate link in a post there will be an ajax call issued to our server. we'll see how this call is made in a bit, for now let's concentrate on implementing the server side of the ajax call.
an ajax service in the server is like a regular view function with the only difference that instead of returning an html page or a redirect it returns data, typically formatted as either xml or json. since json is much more friendly to javascript we will go with that format (file app/views.py ):
from flask import jsonify from .translate import microsoft_translate @app.route('/translate', methods=['post']) @login_required def translate(): return jsonify({ 'text': microsoft_translate( request.form['text'], request.form['sourcelang'], request.form['destlang']) })
there is not much new here. this route handles a post request that should come with the text to translate and the source and destination language codes. since this is a post request we access these items as if this was data entered in an html form, using the request.form dictionary. we call one of our translation functions with this data and once we get the translated text we just convert it to json using flask's jsonify function. the data that the client will see as a response to this request will have this format:
{ "text": "<translated text goes here>" }
ajax in the client
now we need to call the ajax view function from the web browser, so we need to go back to the post.html sub-template to complete the work we started earlier.
we start by wrapping the post text in a span element with a unique id, so that we can later find it in the dom and replace it with the translated text (file app/templates/post.html ):
<p><strong><span id="post{{ post.id }}">{{ post.body }}</span></strong></p>
note how we construct the unique id using the post's id number. if a given post has an id = 3 then the id of the <span> element that wraps it will be post3 .
we are also going to wrap the translate link in a span with a unique id, in this case so that we can hide it once the translation is shown:
<div><span id="translation{{post.id}}"><a href="#">{{ _('translate') }}</a></span></div>
continuing with the example above, the translation link would get the id translation3 .
and to make it a nice and user friendly feature we are also going to throw in a spinning wheel animation that starts hidden and will only appears while the translation service is running on the server, also with a unique id:
<img id="loading{{post.id}}" style="display: none" src="/static/img/loading.gif">
so now we have an element called post<id> that contains the text to translate, an element called translation<id> that contains the translate link but will later be replaced with the translated text and an image with id loading<id> that will be shown while the translation service is working. the <id> suffix is what makes these elements unique, we can have many posts in a page and each will get its own set of three elements.
we now need to trigger the ajax call when the translate link is clicked. instead of triggering the call directly from the link we'll create a javascript function that does all the work, since we have a few things to do there and we don't want to duplicate code in every post. let's start by adding a call to this function when the translate link is clicked:
<a href="javascript:translate('{{ post.language }}', '{{ g.locale }}', '#post{{ post.id }}', '#translation{{ post.id }}', '#loading{{ post.id }}');">{{ _('translate') }}</a>
the template variables obscure this code a bit, but really the function that we are calling is simple. assuming a post with id = 23 that is written in spanish and is viewed by a user that uses english then this function will be called as follows:
translate('es', 'en', '#post23', '#translation23', '#loading23')
so this function will receive the source and destination languages and the three dom elements associated with the post to translate.
we can't write this function in the post.html sub-template because its contents are repeated for each post. we'll implement the function in our base template, so that there is a single copy of it that is accessible in all pages (file app/templates/base.html ):
<script> function translate(sourcelang, destlang, sourceid, destid, loadingid) { $(destid).hide(); $(loadingid).show(); $.post('/translate', { text: $(sourceid).text(), sourcelang: sourcelang, destlang: destlang }).done(function(translated) { $(destid).text(translated['text']) $(loadingid).hide(); $(destid).show(); }).fail(function() { $(destid).text("{{ _('error: could not contact server.') }}"); $(loadingid).hide(); $(destid).show(); }); } </script>
we rely on jquery for this functionality. recall that we included jquery back when we styled the application using twitter's bootstrap framework.
we start by hiding the element that contains the translate link and showing the spinning wheel image.
then we use jquery's $.post() function to send the ajax request to our server. the $.post function issues a post request that to the server will be identical to a request issued by the browser when a form is submitted. the difference is that in the client this request happens in the background without causing a page reload. when a response is received from the server the function given as an argument to the done() call will execute and will have a chance to insert the data received into the page. this function receives the response as an argument, so we just overwrite the translate link in the dom with the translated text, then hide the spinning wheel and finally display the translated text for the user to see. neat!
if there is any error that prevents the client from getting a response from the server then the function inside the fail() call will be invoked. in this case we just show a generic error message, which also needs to be translated into all languages and thus requires a refresh of our translation database.
unit testing
remember our unit test framework? it is always a good idea to evaluate if it makes sense to write tests every time we add a new feature. invoking the text translation service could be something we could inadvertently break while we work on our code, or it could break due to updates in the service. let's write a quick test that makes sure we can contact the service and obtain translations:
from app.translate import microsoft_translate class testcase(unittest.testcase): #... def test_translation(self): assert microsoft_translate(u'english', 'en', 'es') == u'inglés' assert microsoft_translate(u'español', 'es', 'en') == u'spanish'
we do not have a client-side testing framework at this time, so we will not test the end-to-end ajax procedure.
running our testing framework should give us no errors:
$ ./tests.py ..... ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ran 5 tests in 5.932s ok
but if you run the test framework without having done the proper configuration for the microsoft translator you would get:
$ ./tests.py ....f ====================================================================== fail: test_translation (__main__.testcase) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- traceback (most recent call last): file "./tests.py", line 120, in test_translation assert microsoft_translate(u'english', 'en', 'es') == u'inglés' assertionerror ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ran 5 tests in 3.877s failed (failures=1)
final words
and with this we conclude this article. i hope it was as fun to read for you as it was for me to write!
i have recently been alerted of some issues with the database when flask-whooshalchemy is used for the full text search. in the next chapter i will use this problem as an excuse to go over some of my debugging techniques for flask applications. stay tuned for episode xvi!
the code for the updated application is available on github, here. for those that do not use github below is a friendly download link:
download microblog-0.15.zip.
i look forward to see you in the next article!
miguel
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ʤəˈpæn wɪl bi ðə fərst wən tɪ seɪ haʊ gʊd brəˈzɪl ɪz, əˈspɛʃəli ˈæftər biɪŋ θræʃt baɪ ðə wərld ˈʧæmpiənz ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər. bət ðət min ɪt θɪŋks brəˈzɪl ər ˌɪnˈvɪnsəbəl. sɔ ðə fræns game,”*,” ʤəˈpæn ˈkæptən məˈkoʊtoʊ sɛd ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ ˈivnɪŋ, rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ˈvɪktəri ˈoʊvər fræns læst wik. tim ðeɪ pʊt aʊt ðɛr ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðə wən ðət pleɪd ˈjuˈɛs, ənd stɪl ðə tɔp tim ɪn ðə wərld. ðeɪ du hæv ə fju ʧɪŋks ɪn ðɛr ˈɑrmər wi kən teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv. ənd nɑt ʤɪst wən ər tu. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, lɑts əv speɪs bɪˈhaɪnd ðɛr ˈfʊlˌbæks bɪˈkəz ðeɪ laɪk tɪ ˈoʊvərˌlæp, ənd ðeɪ dɪˈfɛnd sɛt ˈpisɪz ðət well.”*.” ˈædɪd ˈɛndoʊ, wi sɪt bæk, wi bi ˈɛniˌwɛr nɪr ɛz gʊd wi kən bi. ˌbiˈsaɪdz, nɑt gʊd ɪˈnəf tɪ pleɪ fər ə drɔ əˈgɛnst brəˈzɪl ˈivɪn ɪf wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ. meɪn ˈfoʊkɪs ʃʊd bi ɔn traɪɪŋ tɪ pərˈfɔrm tɪ ðə bɛst əv ɑr əˈbɪləˌti nɑt them.”*.” waɪl ʤəˈpæn həz ˈnɛvər ˈbitən brəˈzɪl æt ðə fʊl ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈlɛvəl, wɪθ ˈsɛvən dɪˈfits frəm naɪn pæst ˈmitɪŋz, ðə ˈkɑrənt ɪz ræŋkt ðə loʊəst brəˈzɪl həz ˈɛvər bɪn ræŋkt baɪ fifa*. ˈəndər ˈfɔrmər ˈʧɛlsi ˈmænɪʤər luz fəˈlip skoʊˈlɑri, hu ˈgaɪdɪd brəˈzɪl tɪ ɪts fɪθ wərld kəp ɪn 2002 ðə kəp ˈhoʊldərz hæv ʤɪst tu wɪnz ənd fɔr drɔz frəm ˈsɛvən ˈmæʧɪz sɪns noʊˈvɛmbər. ʤəˈpæn wɑz spæŋkt baɪ brəˈzɪl læst fɔl ˈəndər ˈprɛdəˌsɛsər, ˈmɑnoʊ meɪˈneɪzɛs, bət ðə ˈeɪʒən ˈʧæmpiənz ˈɛvədəntli keɪm əˈweɪ wɪθ ə fju hɪnts frəm ðət geɪm fər ˈoʊpənɪŋ mæʧ əv ðə kəp. ðə geɪm ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər, wi wər kɔt aʊt tu often,”*,” sɛd. lɛt əp ˈivɪn ðə sˈlaɪtəst bɪt ənd ðeɪ wɪl ˈpənɪʃ ju, soʊ ˈsəmθɪŋ wi nid tɪ bi ˈwɛri əv. hæv məʧ taɪm ɔn ðə bɔl, ðoʊ, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ laɪk tɪ prɛs frəm ðə frənt. ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt θɪŋ wɪl bi tɪ ʃut wɛˈnɛvər wi attack.”*.” ənd ðɛr wɑz bæd nuz fər brəˈzɪl ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ, gʊd nuz fər ʤəˈpæn. ɪn ˈtreɪnɪŋ, θri brəˈzɪljən ˈstɑrtərz ˈɔskər əv ˈʧɛlsi ənd əv ənd ˈfɔrwərd frɛd ɔl pʊld əp leɪm ənd rɪˈmeɪn ˈdaʊtfəl fər ðɪs ˈwiˌkɪnd. səm rɪˈgɑrd ælˈbərtoʊ saɪd tɪ bi ðə bɛst ˌʤæpəˈniz tim əv ɔl taɪm. waɪl ðət meɪ bi ə pɔɪnt əv dəˈbeɪt, æt list wən θɪŋ kən bi sɛd wɪθ ˈsərtənti əˈbaʊt ðɪs grup əv pleɪərz ðət ðeɪ ər nɑt ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪtɪd baɪ brəˈzɪl. ˈmænɪʤər həz sɛd ɑr goʊl fər ðə kəp ɪz tɪ səˈpraɪz ðə world,”*,” sɛd. gɑt ə lɔt mɔr pleɪərz ɪn ˈjʊrəp raɪt naʊ bət wi stɪl hæv səm ˈkæʧɪŋ əp tɪ du. əp fər ðə challenge.”*.”
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japan will be the first one to say how good brazil is, especially after being thrashed by the five-time world champions 4-0 in october.
but that doesn’t mean it thinks brazil are invincible.
“we saw the france game,” japan captain makoto hasebe said on thursday evening, referring to brazil’s 3-0 victory over france last week. “the team they put out there wasn’t different from the one that played us, and they’re still the top team in the world.
“but they do have a few chinks in their armor we can take advantage of. and it’s not just one or two. for example, there’s lots of space behind their fullbacks because they like to overlap, and they don’t defend set pieces that well.”
added yasuhito endo, “if we sit back, we won’t be anywhere near as good we can be. besides, we’re not good enough to play for a draw against brazil even if we wanted to.
“our main focus should be on trying to perform to the best of our ability — not them.”
while japan has never beaten brazil at the full international level, with seven defeats from nine past meetings, the current selecao is ranked 22nd — the lowest brazil has ever been ranked by fifa.
under former chelsea manager luiz felipe scolari, who guided brazil to its fifth world cup in 2002, the confederations cup holders have just two wins and four draws from seven matches since november.
japan was spanked by brazil last fall under scolari’s predecessor, mano menezes, but the asian champions evidently came away with a few hints from that game for saturday’s opening match of the confederations cup.
“in the game in october, we were caught out too often,” hasebe said. “you let up even the slightest bit and they will punish you, so that’s something we need to be wary of.
“we won’t have much time on the ball, though, because they like to press from the front. the most important thing will be to shoot whenever we attack.”
and there was bad news for brazil on thursday, good news for japan. in training, three brazilian starters — midfielders oscar of chelsea and paulinho of corinthians and fluminese forward fred all pulled up lame and remain doubtful for this weekend.
some regard alberto zaccheroni’s side to be the best japanese team of all time. while that may be a point of debate, at least one thing can be said with certainty about this group of players — that they are not intimidated by brazil.
“the manager has said our goal for the confederations cup is to surprise the world,” hasebe said. “we’ve got a lot more players in europe right now but we still have some catching up to do.
“we’re up for the challenge.”
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brus ˈdætə ənd gəˈlaɪəθ: ðə ˈhɪdən ˈbætəlz tɪ kəˈlɛkt jʊr ˈdætə ənd kənˈtroʊl jʊr wərld noʊ wən ɪkˈspleɪnz sɪˈkjʊrəti, ˈpraɪvəsi, ˈkrɪptoʊ ənd ˈseɪfti ˈbɛtər. ɪts bɪn ˈnɪrli tu jɪrz sɪns ðə sˈnoʊdən ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz, ənd wɪr ˈnoʊˌwɛr nɪr ˈfɪgjərɪŋ aʊt wət tɪ meɪk əv hɪz ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz, bət naʊ ðɛrz ə bʊk ðət kəˈlɛkts ɔl ðə moʊst sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt fækts, ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz ənd ˈɪnˌsaɪts frəm ðə dəˈbeɪts ənd ˈpækɪʤɪz ðɛm ɪn ə weɪ ðət ɪz ækˈsɛsəbəl, smɑrt, ənd ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. ˈgəvərnmənt sərˈveɪləns həz gɔn frəm kəˈlɛktɪŋ ˈdætə ɔn ɛz fju ˈpipəl ɛz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ kəˈlɛktɪŋ ɪt ɔn ɛz ˈmɛni ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. sɪns ðə fərst sˈnoʊdən liks, wiv bɪn ˈbəˌfɪtɪd baɪ nu ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz ðət meɪd ɪt hɑrd ˈivɪn ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ɪgˈzæktli wət kaɪnd əv spaɪɪŋ wɑz ˈteɪkɪŋ pleɪs, ˈəndər huz ˈoʊvərˌsaɪt, ənd wət ˈifɛkt ɪt wɑz ˈhævɪŋ. ʃnaɪər stɑrts wɪθ ðə ˈneɪʧər əv ˈdætə ənd sərˈveɪləns ɪn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt eɪʤ, ðə weɪ ðət ˈdætə juz ənd əˈbjuz kən ɪmˈpaʊər ˈjuˈɛs ər hɑrm ˈjuˈɛs (boʊθ ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤəli ər ɛz ə soʊˈsaɪɪti), ˈpeɪʃəntli stɛps θru ə kənˈdɛnst (bət stɪl ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv) əˈkaʊnt əv ðə liks, ənd ðɛn kəmˈbaɪnz ɔl ðɪs ɪn ə ˈpaʊərfəl ˈɑrgjəmənt ðət out-of-control*, ˌənəˈkaʊntəbəl, sərˈveɪləns həz hɑrmd ˈjuˈɛs, ənd ˈprɛzənts ən ˌɛgˌzɪˈstɛnʃəl θrɛt tɪ ə gʊd, seɪf ənd ʤɪst soʊˈsaɪɪti. ðə wərld ɪz nɑt bɪˈkəmɪŋ lɛs kəmˈpjutərˌaɪzd, ˈæftər ɔl. ˌwəˈtɛvər ðə "ˈɪntərˌnɛt əv θɪŋz" ɛndz əp biɪŋ, ɪt wɪl pʊt mɔr sərˈveɪləns ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ˈɪntu ɑr lɪvz ðən ˈɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr, ənd mɔr pəˈtɛnʃəl fər hɑrm. ˈænsər tɪ ðə "ˈnəθɪŋ tɪ haɪd, ˈnəθɪŋ tɪ fɪr" ˈɑrgjəmənt ɪz ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli gʊd hir. ðə ˈfaɪnəl θərd əv ðə bʊk ɪz dɪˈvoʊtɪd, səˈpraɪzɪŋli, tɪ ˈpræktɪkəl səˈluʃənz tɪ ðə sərˈveɪləns kəˈnəndrəm. waɪ ɪz ðət səˈpraɪzɪŋ? bɪˈkəz wɪn ju lʊk æt ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ˈpərsɪnəl, ˈsoʊʃəl, pəˈlɪtɪkəl, ˈligəl ənd ˈtɛknɪkəl ˌriˈæləˌti ðət wi nid tɪ meɪk tɪ gɪt tɪ ə pɔɪnt wɛr mæs sərˈveɪləns ɪz rɪˈmɛmbərd ɛz ən ənˈfɔrʧənət ˌæbərˈeɪʃən ɪn ɑr ˈhɪstəri, ɪts hɑrd tɪ hoʊld aʊt hoʊp. bət ʃnaɪər ˈɔfərz hoʊp. hi stɑrts baɪ dɪˈmɑlɪʃɪŋ ðə aɪˈdiə ðət wi ʃʊd bi ˈwərid əˈbaʊt ˈgəvərnmənt sərˈveɪləns bət nɑt ˈkɔrpərət sərˈveɪləns, ər vice-versa*. ðeɪ ər ðə seɪm θɪŋ. ˈpipəl frəm ˈɪndəstri goʊ tɪ wərk fər spuk ˈeɪʤənsiz. spuks liv ðɛr ʤɑbz ənd goʊ tɪ wərk ɪn ˈɪndəstri. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈdəzənt bɪld ɪts oʊn sərˈveɪləns ˌæpərˈætəs ɪt hæks, braɪbz, θˈrɛtənz ər ɪts weɪ ˈɪntu ðə ʤaɪənt ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈkəmpəˌniz ənd telcos*' data-centers*, ənd əp ɔl ðə ˈdætə ðeɪ ˈgæðər ɔn ˈjuˈɛs. ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt əv ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ reɪn ɪn ˈkɔrpərət spaɪɪŋ woʊnt gɪt ˈɛniˌwɛr fər soʊ lɔŋ ɛz ˈkɔrpərət spaɪɪŋ ɪz ɛˈsɛnʃəl tɪ ˈgəvərnmənt spaɪɪŋ. haʊ tɪ ˈifɛkt ʧeɪnʤ? ʃnaɪər breɪks daʊn hɪz prəˈskrɪpʃən ˈɪntu fɔr pɑrts: "səˈluʃənz fər ˈgəvərnmənt" (lɔz, rulz, ənd prəˈsiʤərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈmɛni ðət ər ɔˈrɛdi ɪn ðə wərks); "səˈluʃənz fər ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃənz" (ˈbɪznɪs ˈmɑdəlz, bɛst ˈpræktɪsɪz); "səˈluʃənz fər ðə rɛst əv ˈjuˈɛs" (ˈkrɪptoʊ, ˈpraɪvəsi tulz, ˈprɑdəkts ənd bɛst ˈpræktɪsɪz wi kən ˈfɑloʊ tɪ teɪk ˈjuˈɛs aʊt əv sərˈveɪləns); ənd "ˈsoʊʃəl nɔrmz ənd ðə bɪg ˈdætə ˈtreɪˌdɔf" (wɪn ɪts ˈoʊˈkeɪ tɪ ˈgæðər ˈjuzər ˈdætə, tɪ spaɪ, ənd tɪ data-mine*, ənd haʊ tɪ hæv ðət dɪˈskəʃən). ˈwɛðər jʊr ˈsəmˌwən hu ˈrɪli kɛrz əˈbaʊt ðɪs stəf ənd wɔnts tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt haʊ tɪ tɔk tɪ ðə ˈpipəl ɪn jʊr laɪf əˈbaʊt, ər ˈsəmˌwən hu ɪz ˈpjʊrli kənfˈjuzd baɪ ɪt ɔl ənd wɔnts tɪ noʊ wət ɪt minz, ˈdætə ənd gəˈlaɪəθ ɪz ə gaɪd tɪ laɪf ɪn ðə eɪʤ əv ˈtoʊtəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈwɛrnəs. ˈdætə ənd gəˈlaɪəθ: ðə ˈhɪdən ˈbætəlz tɪ kəˈlɛkt jʊr ˈdætə ənd kənˈtroʊl jʊr wərld [brus ʃnaɪər] -ˈkɔˌri (ˈɪmɪʤ: aɪ əv ðə biˈhoʊldər, kaɪl meɪ, cc-by*)
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bruce schneier's data and goliath: the hidden battles to collect your data and control your world
no one explains security, privacy, crypto and safety better.
it's been nearly two years since the snowden revelations, and we're nowhere near figuring out what to make of his revelations, but now there's a book that collects all the most significant facts, implications and insights from the debates and packages them in a way that is accessible, smart, and important.
government surveillance has gone from collecting data on as few people as necessary to collecting it on as many as possible.
since the first snowden leaks, we've been buffeted by new revelations that made it hard -- even impossible -- to understand exactly what kind of spying was taking place, under whose oversight, and what effect it was having. schneierarts with the nature of data and surveillance in the internet age, the way that data use and abuse can empower us or harm us (both individually or as a society), patientlyeps through a condensed (butill representative) account of the leaks, and then combines all this in a powerful argument that out-of-control, unaccountable, mass-scale surveillance has harmed us, and presents an existential threat to a good, safe and just society.
the world is not becoming less computerized, after all. whatever the "internet of things" ends up being, it will put more surveillance opportunities into our lives than ever before, and more potential for harm. schneier's answer to the "nothing to hide, nothing to fear" argument is particularly good here.
the final third of the book is devoted, surprisingly, to practical solutions to the surveillance conundrum. why is that surprising? because when you look at the changes to personal, social, political, legal and technical reality that we need to make to get to a point where mass surveillance is remembered as an unfortunate aberration in our history, it's hard to hold out hope.
but schneier offers hope. hearts by demolishing the idea that we should be worried about government surveillance but not corporate surveillance, or vice-versa. they are the same thing. people from industry go to work for spook agencies. spooks leave their jobs and go to work in industry. the government doesn't build its own surveillance apparatus -- it hacks, bribes, threatens or sweet-talks its way into the giant internet companies and telcos' data-centers, and snaffles up all the data they gather on us. the project of getting the government to rein in corporate spying won't get anywhere for so long as corporate spying is essential to government spying.
how to effect change? schneier breaks down his prescription into four parts: "solutions for government" (laws, rules, and procedures, including many that are already in the works); "solutions for corporations" (business models, best practices); "solutions for the rest of us" (crypto, privacy tools, products and best practices we can follow to take us out of untargeted surveillance); and "social norms and the big data trade-off" (when it's ok to gather user data, to spy, and to data-mine, and how to have that discussion).
whether you're someone who really cares about thisuff and wants to figure out how to talk to the people in your life about, or someone who is purely confused by it all and wants to know what it means, data and goliath is a beginning-to-end guide to life in the age of total information awareness.
data and goliath: the hidden battles to collect your data and control your world [bruce schneier]
-cory doctorow
(image: eye of the beholder, kyle may, cc-by)
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təˈdeɪ wi ˌɪntrəˈdus ə nu ˈsɪriz, kɔlz bullshit’*’, ɪn wɪʧ ˈprɑmənənt ɪˈkɑnəmɪst swɛrz æt ˈpipəl hu seɪ θɪŋz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈjunɪˌtɛri plæn, ðə ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈkraɪsəs, ənd ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈbɑdi ɪˈlɛkʃənz. ˈgɪvɪn tɪ fɪts əv reɪʤ. bət ˈivɪn ðə moʊst ɪˈkɑnəmɪst kən bi ˈdrɪvən mæd baɪ ə bɑmˈbɑrdmənt əv bæd əˈpɪnjənz, ənd ðə ˈjunɪˌtɛri plæn dəˈbeɪt ɪz prəˈdusɪŋ ðɛm ɪn ˌɪnˈdəstriəl kˈwɑntətiz. tɪ hɛlp ɪm vɛnt, wi sɛt əp ə nu ˈsɪriz wɛr hi kɔlz ˈbʊlˌʃɪt ɔn ðə ˈstupɪdəst stəf hi siz ɪn ðə ˈmidiə, ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ənd ˈɛniˌwɛr ɛls ɪt maɪt spraʊt. ɪn ðɪs fərst ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd, hi rɪˈspɑndz tɪ ˈrɛzɪdənts əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən ˈmɛmbər ˈrɑbərt ˈʤɑnstən, hu toʊld ðə ˈhɛrəld ðə ˈjunɪˌtɛri plæn, wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈprɑdəkt əv mɔr ðən ˈpəblɪk səbˈmɪʃənz, ənd θri jɪrz əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl dəˈbeɪt, həz bɪn dɪˈvɔɪd əv ˈɛni ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk process”*”.
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today we introduce a new series, ‘shamubeel calls bullshit’, in which prominent economist shamubeel eaqub swears at people who say moronic things about the unitary plan, the housing crisis, and the local body elections.
shamubeel eaqub isn’t given to fits of rage. but even the most self-controlled economist can be driven mad by a bombardment of bad opinions, and the unitary plan debate is producing them in industrial quantities. to help him vent, we set up a new series where he calls bullshit on the stupidest stuff he sees in the media, on the internet and anywhere else it might sprout.
in this first episode, he responds to st heliers-glendowie residents association member robert johnston, who told the herald the unitary plan, which is the product of more than 10,000 public submissions, and three years of political debate, has been “absolutely devoid of any democratic process”.
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haʊ ˈligəli du ju strim? ʧuz wən ˈænsər: ɔl ðə aɪ wɔʧ ɪz 100 ˈligəl, ɪf aɪ kænt faɪnd ɪt ˈligəli, aɪ woʊnt wɔʧ ɪt aɪl wɔʧ ɛz ˈligəli ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl, ənd ɪf aɪ nid tɪ baɪ əˈnəðər ˈstrimɪŋ ˈmɛθəd aɪ wɪl (i.e*. straɪk) bət ɪf ɪt ɪz ən ˈoʊldər ʃoʊ ˌənəˈveɪləbəl ˈɛniˌwɛr ɛls, aɪ wɪl ˈpaɪrət ɪf aɪ kən wɔʧ ɪt ˈligəli, aɪ wɪl, bət əm nɑt ˈgɪtɪŋ əˈnəðər səbˈskrɪpʃən, soʊ aɪl ˈpaɪrət fər ðoʊz fju ʃoʊz aɪ kænt gɪt wɪθ maɪ ˈkɑrənt prəˈvaɪdər ɪf ɪt gɪts tɪ mi ˈfæstər frəm ɪts ˈstrimɪŋ ɪn ʤəˈpæn θru ən ˌɪˈligəl saɪt, aɪ wɪl wɔʧ ɪt θru ðɛr ˈrəðər ðən ə ˈligəl saɪt aɪ doʊnt oʊn ə səbˈskrɪpʃən, ənd aɪ traɪ tɪ baɪ ˈɛni aɪ wɔʧ ˌɪˈligəli θru ˌɛtˈsɛtərə.
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how legally do you stream anime?
choose one answer:
all the anime i watch is 100% legal, if i can't find it legally, i won't watch it
i'll watch anime as legally as possible, and if i need to buy another streaming method i will (i.e. anime strike) but if it is an older show unavailable anywhere else, i will pirate
if i can watch it legally, i will, but i'm not getting another subscription, so i'll pirate for those few shows i can't get with my current provider
if it gets to me faster from its streaming in japan through an illegal site, i will watch it through there rather than a legal site
i don't own a subscription, and i try to buy any anime i watch illegally through blu-rays etc.
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ˈprɛzɪdənt sɪz hi woʊnt mɪs ˈpəblɪk ˈspɑˌtlaɪt bʊʃ sɪz hil rɪˈtərn tɪ ˈtɛksəs 'wɪθ maɪ hɛd hɛld haɪ' ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ ɪz ʃoʊn ˈspikɪŋ ʤæn. 7 2009 ɪn ðə ist rum əv ðə waɪt haʊs. ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ ɪz ʃoʊn ˈspikɪŋ ʤæn. 7 2009 ɪn ðə ist rum əv ðə waɪt haʊs. ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: rɑn sɑks, ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: rɑn sɑks, ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈɪmɪʤ 1 əv 1 ˈkæpʃən kloʊz ˈprɛzɪdənt sɪz hi woʊnt mɪs ˈpəblɪk ˈspɑˌtlaɪt 1 1 bæk tɪ ˈgæləri ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ə rɪˈflɛktɪv ˈprɛzɪdənt bʊʃ təˈdeɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤd ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈbləndərz ðət hæv mɑrd hɪz waɪt haʊs jɪrz, bət hi toʊld ə smɔl grup əv ˈtɛksəs rɪˈpɔrtərz ðət "aɪ hæv ə greɪt sɛns əv əˈkɑmplɪʃmənt ənd æm goʊɪŋ hoʊm wɪθ maɪ hɛd hɛld haɪ." bʊʃ mjuzd ˈfɑndli əˈbaʊt hɪz fˈjuʧər laɪf ɪn ˈdæləs, seɪɪŋ hi lʊkt ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ˈwɔkɪŋ daʊn ˈsupərˌmɑrkɪt aɪəlz, ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn ə ˈrɑkɪŋ ʧɛr wɪθ oʊld frɛndz ənd steɪɪŋ aʊt əv ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈspɑˌtlaɪt. "aɪ æm ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ goʊɪŋ bæk tɪ ˈtɛksəs," ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈtɛksəs ˈgəvərnər sɛd. "aɪ æm goʊɪŋ tɪ ə pleɪs wɛr aɪ hæv ə lɔt əv frɛndz, ˈpipəl hu wɪl bi maɪ frɛndz rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˈpɑləˌtɪks," hi sɛd. ˌbiˈfɔr ˈlivɪŋ ˈɔfəs, ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt sɛd hi ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ dɪˈlɪvər ə ˌfɛrˈwɛl ˈæˌdrɛs tɪ ðə ˈneɪʃən ðət wʊd ˌɪnˈklud θæŋks, preɪz ənd ˈlɛsənz ˈlərnɪd. bʊʃ sɪz hi wɪl mɪs ðə ˈkriʧər ˈkəmfərts əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənsi ðə ˈləgʒəri əv ɛr fɔrs wən, ðə kənˈvinjəns əv ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər ˈaʊtˈsaɪd jʊr bæk dɔr ənd ðə "fænˈtæstɪk" ˈsərvɪs æt ðə waɪt haʊs. "aɪ doʊnt noʊ wət ɪts goʊɪŋ tɪ bi laɪk tɪ weɪk əp ɔn ðə əv ˈʤænjuˌɛri," hi ədˈmɪtəd. bʊʃ sɛd hi plænz tɪ dɪˈvaɪd hɪz taɪm bɪtˈwin hɪz ˈkrɔfərd rænʧ ənd ə ˈspeɪʃəs ˈræmblər ɪn nɔrθ ˈdæləs. "ˈlɔrə bɔt ə haʊs," hi ʤoʊkt. "aɪ ˈhævənt sin ɪt jɛt. ðeɪ seɪ ɪts ə ˈbjuti." ðə sɛd hiz ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ "faɪnd ɪˈnəf tɪ kip ðɪs taɪp ə ˌpərsəˈnælɪti frəm ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈrɛstləs." bʊʃ sɛd hi wɪl raɪt ə bʊk wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv ə goʊst ˈraɪtər, "gɪv səm ˈspiʧɪz" ənd "spɛnd səm taɪm ɔn ðə ˈkæmpəs," wɛr hɪz ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ənd ˈfridəm ˈɪnstɪˌtut wɪl bi bɪlt. hi sɛd hi toʊld ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈərliər ðɪs wik ðət hid bi "mɔr ðən ˈwɪlɪŋ" tɪ ˈlɪsən ɪf ðə nu hæd "səm tæsks hi meɪ wɔnt mi tɪ teɪk ɔn." fər ðə taɪm biɪŋ, ðoʊz ækˈtɪvɪtiz wɪl nɑt ˌɪnˈklud ˈpɑrtəzən ˈpɑləˌtɪks. bʊʃ plɛʤd tɪ steɪ aʊt əv ðə ˈlumɪŋ 2010 rɪˈpəblɪkən guˌbərnəˈtɔˌriəl ˈpraɪˌmɛri bɪtˈwin gəv. rɪk ˈpɛri ənd sɛn. keɪ ˈbeɪli ˈhəʧɪsən. bʊʃ sɪz, hi lʊks ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ˈvænɪʃɪŋ frəm ðə ˈdeɪli ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz. "ðə nidz tɪ gɪt ɔf ðə steɪʤ," hi ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd. "juv hæd jʊr taɪm ɪn ðə klig laɪt ðə lɛs əm ɔn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, ðə ˈbɛtər." ɪn ðə ˈɪntərvˌju, bʊʃ ˈpɔɪntɪd tɪ əˈkɑmplɪʃmənts ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə ˈsɪriz əv tæks kəts, tu ˈɛnərʤi bɪlz, ðə noʊ ʧaɪld lɛft bɪˈhaɪnd ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən, ɪkˈspænʧən əv ˈmɛdəˌkɛr tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ə prəˈskrɪpʃən drəg ˈbɛnəfɪt, nu fri treɪd pækts. hi sɛd hi ɪz "plizd wɪθ ðə ˈprɑˌgrɛs wi hæv meɪd ɪn ˌdɪsˈmæntlɪŋ æl qaida*." bət, hi ækˈnɑlɪʤd, "ɪts bɪn hɑrd tɪ kip ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpipəl kənˈvɪnst ðət ðɛr ɪz stɪl ə θrɛt." əˈməŋ hɪz ˈfeɪljərz wər ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən rɪˈfɔrm ənd ən ˈoʊvərˌhɔl əv ˈsoʊʃəl sɪˈkjʊrəti. hi ədˈmɪtəd tɪ ˈsɛvərəl mɪˈsteɪks, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈɪnfəməs "ˈmɪʃən əˈkɑmplɪʃt" ˈbænər. "maɪ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ æt taɪmz həz bɪn ə ˈlɪtəl rəf ənd ˈoʊvər ðə tɔp," hi sɛd. "bət ðə θɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə ˈprɛzɪdənsi ɪz ju doʊnt hæv ˈɛni do-overs*." əˈməŋ hɪz pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsɛtˌbæks, bʊʃ ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli rɪˈgrɛts ðə ˈfeɪljər əv ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən, wɪʧ wɑz kɪld baɪ ðə ˈsɛnɪt ɪn 2007 "əm ˈvɛri ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd ðət ɪt ˈdɪdənt pæs," hi sɛd. "əm ˈvɛri ˈwərid əˈbaʊt ðə ˈmɛsɪʤ ðət sɛd, 'rɪˈpəblɪkənz ər anti-immigrant*.'" bʊʃ sɛd hi ˈfeɪvərd ə ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən plæn "nɑt fər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈstændɪŋ ər fər lɑˈtinoʊs, bət bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz bɛst fər ðə ˈkəntri." hi sɛd hi ʃʊd hæv pʊʃt hɪz ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən prəˈpoʊzəl raɪt ˈæftər ðə 2004 ɪˈlɛkʃən, waɪl hi hæd səm pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈkæpɪtəl, ˈrəðər ðən ˈweɪtɪŋ ənˈtɪl ˈæftər ðə ˈpɑrtəzən brɔl ˈoʊvər ˈsoʊʃəl sɪˈkjʊrəti. hi ˈɔlsoʊ sɛd hi "ˈdɪdənt ˈriəˌlaɪz haʊ sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ðə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈmɛltˌdaʊn wʊd bi" ənˈtɪl ə "ˈstɑrtlɪŋ ˈmoʊmənt" læst jɪr wɪn hɪz ˈtrɛʒəri ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri toʊld ɪm ðət ðə ˈkəntri kʊd feɪs ə ˈkraɪsəs "ˈgreɪtər ðən ðə greɪt dɪˈprɛʃən" ɪf hi ˈdɪdənt ækt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli. hi ˈnoʊtɪd ðət hi hæd toʊld ən ˈɔdiəns ɪn ˈhjustən læst jɪr ðət "wɔl strit gɑt drəŋk ənd wi gɑt ə ˈhæˌŋoʊvər." bʊʃ sɛd hi "ˈfʊli ˌəndərˈstændz waɪ ˈpipəl ɪn ˈtɛksəs ər seɪɪŋ" ðət hi əˈbændənd kənˈsərvətɪv ˈprɪnsəpəlz. bət hi ˈstrɔŋli dɪˈfɛndz ðə 700 ˈbɪljən ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈɪndəstri eɪd ˈpækɪʤ hi sɔt ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər. "ðə ˈænsər ɪz: ɪf wi ˈdɪdənt (ækt), jʊr goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈsəfər mɔr aɪ hæv muvd ənd muvd ˈvɛri əˈgrɛsɪvli. wi hæv əˈbændənd priniciples*, ənd dɪd wət wi hæd tɪ du tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ðə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈɪndəstri frəm ˈmɛltɪŋ daʊn." ðə ˈaʊtˌgoʊɪŋ ˈprɛzɪdənt hæd ə bɪt əv ədˈvaɪs tɪ kənˈgrɛʃənəl rɪˈpəblɪkənz: leɪ ɔf ðə nu ˈɑkjəpənt əv 1600 ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə ˈævəˌnu. "aɪ θɪŋk ðeɪ wɪl bi ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə mɪˈsteɪk ɪf ðeɪ əˈtæk ˌoʊˈbɑmə ənd kɔl ɪm neɪmz," bʊʃ sɛd. ˌɪnˈdid, ðə hɑrʃ toʊn əv ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ ðə ˈtɛksən wɪl nɑt mɪs. "aɪ dɪd nɑt ˈrɪli ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ðə ˈhɑrʃnəs əv ðə ˈrɛtərɪk hir," hi sɛd. "ɪt wɑz soʊ ˈdɪfərənt ðən ˈtɛksəs. ɪn ˈtɛksəs, wi trit iʧ ˈəðər wɪθ rɪˈspɛkt."
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president says he won't miss public spotlight bush says he'll return to texas 'with my head held high'
president george w. bush is shown speaking jan. 7, 2009, in the east room of the white house. president george w. bush is shown speaking jan. 7, 2009, in the east room of the white house. photo: ron sachs, pool/getty images photo: ron sachs, pool/getty images image 1 of / 1 caption close president says he won't miss public spotlight 1 / 1 back to gallery
washington — a reflective president bush today acknowledged a number of blunders that have marred his white house years, but he told a small group of texas reporters that "i have a great sense of accomplishment and am going home with my head held high."
bush mused fondly about his future life in dallas, saying he looked forward to walking down supermarket aisles, sitting in a rocking chair with old friends and staying out of the public spotlight.
"i am looking forward to going back to texas," the former texas governor said. "i am going to a place where i have a lot of friends, people who will be my friends regardless of politics," he said.
before leaving office, the president said he is likely to deliver a farewell address to the nation that would include thanks, praise and lessons learned.
bush says he will miss the creature comforts of the presidency -- the luxury of air force one, the convenience of having a helicopter outside your back door and the "fantastic" service at the white house.
"i don't know what it's going to be like to wake up on the 21st of january," he admitted.
bush said he plans to divide his time between his crawford ranch and a spacious rambler in north dallas.
"laura bought a house," he joked. "i haven't seen it yet. they say it's a beauty."
the soon-to-be-ex-president said he's looking to "find enough to keep this type a personality from getting restless." bush said he will write a book with the help of a ghost writer, "give some speeches" and "spend some time on the smu campus," where his presidential library and freedom institute will be built. he said he told president-elect barack obama earlier this week that he'd be "more than willing" to listen if the new commander-in-chief had "some tasks he may want me to take on."
for the time being, those activities will not include partisan politics. bush pledged to stay out of the looming 2010 republican gubernatorial primary between gov. rick perry and sen. kay bailey hutchison.
bush says, he looks forward to vanishing from the daily headlines.
"the ex-president needs to get off the stage," he insisted. "you've had your time in the klieg light ... the less i'm on tv, the better."
in the 55-minute interview, bush pointed to accomplishments including a series of tax cuts, two energy bills, the no child left behind education legislation, expansion of medicare to include a prescription drug benefit, new free trade pacts.
he said he is "pleased with the progress we have made in dismantling al qaida." but, he acknowledged, "it's been hard to keep the american people convinced that there is still a threat."
among his failures were comprehensive immigration reform and an overhaul of social security. he admitted to several war-related mistakes, including the infamous "mission accomplished" banner.
"my language at times has been a little rough and over the top," he said. "but the thing about the presidency is you don't have any do-overs."
among his political setbacks, bush particularly regrets the failure of immigration legislation, which was killed by the senate in 2007.
"i'm very disappointed that it didn't pass," he said. "i'm very worried about the message that said, 'republicans are anti-immigrant.'"
bush said he favored a comprehensive immigration plan "not for political standing or for latinos, but because it was best for the country."
he said he should have pushed his immigration proposal right after the 2004 election, while he had some political capital, rather than waiting until after the partisan brawl over social security.
he also said he "didn't realize how significant the financial meltdown would be" until a "startling moment" last year when his treasury secretary told him that the country could face a crisis "greater than the great depression" if he didn't act immediately.
he noted that he had told an audience in houston last year that "wall street got drunk and we got a hangover."
bush said he "fully understands why people in texas are saying" that he abandoned conservative free-enterprise principles. but he strongly defends the $700 billion financial industry aid package he sought in september.
"the answer is: if we didn't (act), you're going to suffer more ... i have moved and moved very aggressively. we have abandoned free-market priniciples, and did what we had to do to prevent the financial industry from melting down."
the outgoing president had a bit of advice to congressional republicans: lay off the new occupant of 1600 pennsylvania avenue.
"i think they will be making a mistake if they attack president-elect obama and call him names," bush said.
indeed, the harsh tone of washington is something the texan will not miss.
"i did not really anticipate the harshness of the rhetoric here," he said. "it was so different than texas. in texas, we treat each other with respect."
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gamesmith94134* gʊd ənd bæd ˈdɛfɪsɪts ˈsɪriəsli, aɪ θɪŋk ðə ˌɔˈstɛrɪti ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz ˈhɑrmfəl tɪ ðə hɛlθ əv one’s’*’ ɪˈkɑnəmi ɪf ɪt hæv əˈfɛktɪd ðə ˈbeɪsɪs əv ðə ˈmeɪntənəns ənd dɪˈvɛləpmənt tɪ groʊ. ɪn tərm əv ðə ˌriˈsɛʃən ər taɪm, ɪt wʊd dɪˈtɪriərˌeɪt lɛs əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti əv ˈrɛvəˌnuz frəm ðə kət əv ˈproʊˌgræmz. səm meɪ kɔz ˌnɛgəˈtɪvəti əv ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ɪmˈbæləns laɪk ˌənɪmˈplɔɪmənt ər ˈsoʊʃəl ənˈrɛst. ɪt ɪz ˌəndərˈstændəbəl ɪn pərˈsut əv ðə ˈfɪskəl ˈbæləns ər dɛt ˈdɛfɪsɪts ər sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt tɪ ɪts fˈjuʧər ˈbæləns əv ˈbəʤɪt; bət moʊst ðə ˌɔˈstɛrɪti ˈproʊˌgræmz ər ˌhɛmərˈægɪk bɪˈkəz əv ðə leɪɔfs tɪ ðə ʃˈrɪŋkɪʤ əv ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi. aɪ ˈɔfən faɪnd ðoʊz ˈdɛfəsət hɔks wɔr mɔr ðən ˈloʊkəl, ənd ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt hæv bɪn ˈɔltərd ɪts oʊn ˈlɪmɪts tɪ əˈkɑməˌdeɪt ðə dɪˈzaɪərz tɪ kənˈtroʊl. ðɛn, kəˈmɪʃən ər ˈɑpərətɪvz æˈdhɪrd tɪ ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ðət ɪkˈspændɪd ɪts ˈlɪŋkɪʤɪz tɪ. ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli, ðə ˈsɑvrənti ˈprɑʤɛkts wər ˈɛkˌsplɔɪtəd θru ˈfæməli əv ˈlɪŋkɪʤɪz ənd ɔn ðə ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən. ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛntli, ðə kɔst pləs kənˈtroʊl ˈæftər ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ənd ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl əˈʤəstmənt, praɪs wɛnt ˈɪntu foʊldz tɪ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈplænɪŋ ər ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən əv ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt ðət pʊt ðɛm tɪ wərk, ˈnərʧər ðɛr skɪlz, ənd ɪkˈwɪp ðə ˈkəntri wɪθ ˈæˌsɛts. ər dɪz ðiz ˌbunˈdɑgəl tərn ˈɪntu tɪt- kən iz ɔn ðə ˈtɛnʃən ˈfæməli əv ˈlɪŋkɪʤɪz ənd ˈsɛtəl ɔn ðə əˈməŋ ðə dɪˈvɛləpərz ˈæftər ðeɪ ˈræli ˈpɑləˌtɪks ɔn ɪts ˈsoʊʃəl ˈɪʃuz laɪk ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ənd ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən? ˈmɛni bɪˈliv ðiz ər ənˈfeɪzd baɪ ðə kərˈəpʃən ənd weɪst ðət tərnz ˈɪntu ðə exuberance’*’ ɛz ʃoʊn ɪn ðə pæst, laɪk ðə toʊl tərn aʊt tɪ bi ðə ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ rɪˈmɑdəlɪŋ əv ðə ləgˈʒəriəs ˈɔfəs. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈgəvərnmənts ˈɔfən ʧuz tɪ ðə ˈbɪlˌdəp ər ˈmeɪntənəns ɔn ðə ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ˈprɑʤɛkts ˈoʊvər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈproʊˌgræmz laɪk ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən; bət ðə ˌræʃəˈnæl ɔn ðə məˈtɪriəl ənd ˈjumən ˈrisɔrsɪz ˈoʊvər kɔst ənd ˈrɛvəˌnu, aɪ ˈfeɪvər loʊər kɔst ɪn ˈhaɪrɪŋ ˈpipəl tɪ wərk wɪθ ˈrɛvəˌnu rɪˈtərnd ˈoʊvər ðə ˈlɑrʤər ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧərz wɪθ haɪər kɔst. aɪ meɪd ʤoʊks ɔn ðə eɪt ˈwərkərz ˈwɔtərɪŋ ðə pɑts əv plænts æt ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə roʊd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ɪgˈzɪbɪt ɪn ˈʧaɪnə, bət wət ɪf ðə ˈwɔtər trək kɔsts ˈoʊvər hæf ə ˈmɪljən ənd ə draɪv tɪ ˈɔpərˌeɪt. strəˈtiʤɪkli, ðə loʊ kɔst əv eɪt ˈwərkərz ˈoʊvər jɪrz ənd ˈtaɪmli dɪˈspoʊzəl əv ðə plænt saʊnz mɔr ɪˈfɪʃənt ðən ðə ˈfænsi ˈwɔtər trək ənd ɪts greɪt ˈdraɪvər. beɪst ɔn wət ˈædəm smɪθ roʊt ɪn ðə wɛlθ əv ðə ˈneɪʃən, ɪt geɪv ə klɪr dɪˈstɪŋkʃən əv ðə ˈsɑvrənti dɛts ənd ˈdutiz; ðət ðə ˈprɑfɪt kʊd ˈnɛvər riˈpeɪ ðə ɪkˈspɛns tɪ ˈɛni ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl, ər smɔl ˈnəmbər əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz; ənd wɪʧ ɪt, ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˈkænɑt bi ɪkˈspɛktɪd ðət ˈɛni ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl, ər smɔl ˈnəmbər əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz, ʃʊd ɪˈrɛkt ər meɪnˈteɪn. ənd maɪ ˈvɪʒən əv ðə fɪˈnænsɪŋ ˈsɑvrənti məst pʊt ˌloʊkələˈzeɪʃən tɪ ˈɪnəˌveɪt ɪn ðə ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ əv ðə ˈprɑʤɛkts, ˈæftər ðə dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd əv ðə ˈpəblɪk ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz θru ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈprɔˌsɛs. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ʃʊd ɪˈstæblɪʃ ə ˈnæʃənəl ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər bæŋk tɪ prəˈvaɪd ðə ˈfaɪˌnæns baɪ ˈbɑroʊɪŋ dɪˈrɛkli, əˈtræktɪŋ fəndz, ər ə ˈmɪksʧər əv ðə tu. ðɛn, ðə ˌsupərˈvɪʒən ənd kən bi dɪˈvɛləpt ɪts ɪn ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ənd ˈbæləns ˌɪtˈsɛlf θru ðə ˈpraɪvət ənd ˈpəblɪk ˈlɛvəlz. pərˈhæps, aɪ æm ˈtɔkɪŋ əv ðə ˈsɑvrənti bɑndz ʃʊd bi treɪd θru ðə steɪt ˈbæŋkɪŋ ˈsɪstəm ər ˈnæʃənəl ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər bæŋk tɪ ðə ˈsɛntrəl bæŋks ər wərld bæŋk, ðɛn, ðə ˈtrænsfərz tɪ ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt bæŋk. ðɛn, ðə ˈɛkwɪtəbəl kən bi ˈpərʧəst θru ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəmpəˌniz ər ˈɛkwɪtəbəl ˈɛntɪti tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ˌsupərˈvɪʒən ənd ˈsɪstəm ˈfəŋkʃən ˈprɑpərli; ənd ðə ˈpəblɪk ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz ər jild tɪ ðə ˈskrutəni əv ðə ˈpəblɪk monitories*. ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli, aɪ æm ˈsərtən ðət ðə ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəmpəˌniz kən du ə ˈbɛtər ˌɪnˈspɛkʃən əv ðə ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˈoʊvər taɪm ənd ɪnˈʃʊr ðə nəˈsɛsɪti əv ˈɔltərˌneɪʃən ənd əˈʤəstmənts. pərˈhæps, səʧ ˈprɔˌsɛs kən əˈvɔɪd ˈfərðər ˌɪntərˈəpʃənz ənd səkˈsid ɪn kəmˈpliʃən əv ðə ˈprɑʤɛkts wɪθ ˈprɑpər əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃən ənd ˈtaɪmli fɪˈnænsɪŋ. ɪn du taɪm, ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ðə ˈtrænzəˌtɔri ənd ˈsɪstəm kən ɪˈstæblɪʃ ˈsərtən trəst, ðɛn, ðə ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt kən pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪts ˈsɛkənˌdɛri ˈæftər ðə prəˈpoʊzəlz; ɪf ˈoʊnli ðə ˈsɪstəm əˈlaʊz ðə ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪn ˌsupərˈvɪʒən ənd ər pʊt ɪn ˈifɛkts. æt list, ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən kən bi ˈgreɪtər dɪˈpɑzət tɪ ðə ˈæˌsɛts əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl wɛlθ ənd ˈsoʊʃəl kəmˈpleɪsənsi; ənd ɪmˈplɔɪmənt kən ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt tæks fɔrm ˈrɛvəˌnuz ənd ˈstudənts kən hæv ə ˈbɛtər pəˈzɪʃən ɪn sik ə ˈbɛtər fˈjuʧər. aɪ æm ʃʊr ðɛr ər gʊd ənd bæd ˈdɛfəsət, ɪf ðɛr ɪz ən ˈæpləkəbəl ənd rɪˈlaɪəbəl ˈsɪstəm tɪ ˈsərvɪs ɪn ðə ˈsɑvrənti ˈlɛvəl. meɪ ðə ˈbudə blɛs ju?
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gamesmith94134: good and bad deficits 2-20-2012
seriously, i think the austerity program is harmful to the health of one’s’ economy if it have affected the basis of the maintenance and development to grow. in term of the recession or under-achievement time, it would deteriorate less availability of revenues from the cut of programs. some may cause negativity of the social imbalance like unemployment or social unrest. it is understandable in pursuit of the fiscal balance or debt deficits are significant to its future balance of budget; but most the austerity programs are hemorrhagic because of the layoffs to the shrinkage of the economy.
i often find those deficit hawks wore more ear-marks than local, and the project have been altered its own limits to accommodate the desires to control. then, commission or operatives adhered to the operation that expanded its linkages to ear-marks. eventually, the sovereignty projects were exploited through family of linkages and ear-marks on the opposition. consequently, the cost plus control after environment and financial adjustment, price went into folds to the original planning or disposition of the project that put them to work, nurture their skills, and equip the country with assets.
or does these boondoggle turn into tit- for-tat can ease on the tension family of linkages and settle on the ear-marks among the developers after they rally politics on its social issues like employment and education? many believe these are unfazed by the corruption and waste that turns into the ‘irrational exuberance’ as shown in the past, like the toll turn out to be the contribution to remodeling of the mayor’s luxurious office.
however, the governments often choose to the build-up or maintenance on the infrastructure projects over social programs like education; but the rationale on the material and human resources over cost and revenue, i favor lower cost in hiring people to work with revenue returned over the larger infrastructures with higher cost. i made jokes on the eight workers watering the pots of plants at the center of the road during the exhibit in china, but what if the water truck costs over half a million and a $50/hr drive to operate. strategically, the low cost of eight workers over years and timely disposal of the plant sounds more efficient than the fancy water truck and its great driver.
based on what adam smith wrote in the wealth of the nation, it gave a clear distinction of the sovereignty debts and duties; that the profit could never repay the expense to any individual, or small number of individuals; and which it, therefore, cannot be expected that any individual, or small number of individuals, should erect or maintain. .” and my vision of the financing sovereignty must put localization to innovate in the processing of the projects, after the decentralized of the public institutions through the political process.
the government should establish a national infrastructure bank to provide the finance by borrowing directly, attracting private-sector funds, or a mixture of the two. then, the supervision and monitory can be developed its oversights in bi-level environment and balance itself through the private and public levels. perhaps, i am talking of the sovereignty bonds should be trade through the state banking system or national infrastructure bank to the central banks or world bank, then, the transfers to the development bank. then, the equitable can be purchased through insurance companies or equitable entity to ensure supervision and monitory system function properly; and the public institutions are yield to the scrutiny of the public monitories. eventually, i am certain that the insurance companies can do a better inspection of the progress over time and ensure the necessity of alternation and adjustments. perhaps, such process can avoid further interruptions and succeed in completion of the projects with proper appropriation and timely financing. in due time, the process of the transitory and monitory system can establish certain trust, then, the private investment can participate its secondary after the proposals; if only the system allows the genuine bi-level supervision and monitory are put in effects.
at least, education can be greater deposit to the assets of the national wealth and social complacency; and employment can generate tax form revenues and students can have a better position in seek a better future. i am sure there are good and bad deficit, if there is an applicable and reliable system to service in the sovereignty level.
may the buddha bless you?
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ˈsɪdniz bəs ˈdraɪvərz seɪ ðeɪ ər ɛnˈkaʊnərɪŋ ən ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˈnəmbər əv ˈgrɛmlənz ɪn ðə ˈoʊpəl kɑrd ˈsɪstəm, ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðət ˈtɪkɪt ˈridərz ər ˈbreɪkɪŋ daʊn mɔr ðən ðeɪ ˈɛvər hæv. ˈtrænspɔrt ˈmɪnɪstər ˈglædɪs həz ˈɔlˌweɪz sɛd ðət ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈtrænspɔrt sˈmɑrtˌkɑrd wərk ɔn ˈbəsɪz wʊd bi ðə moʊst ˈdɪfəkəlt ˈɛləmənt əv ˈroʊlɪŋ aʊt ðə ˈoʊpəl ˈsɪstəm. ˈbroʊkən: bəs ˈdraɪvərz seɪ ðə ˈoʊpəl kɑrd ˈsɪstəm ɪz ˈbreɪkɪŋ daʊn mɔr ðən ˈɛvər. bət ˈjunjənz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ ˈdraɪvərz fər boʊθ ðə steɪt ˈtrænzɪt ənd ðə ˈpraɪvət bəs ˈnɛtˌwərks seɪ ˈoʊpəl ˈridərz ɔn ˈbəsɪz ər mælˈfəŋkʃənɪŋ æt ə groʊɪŋ reɪt. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈsərˌveɪ baɪ ðə ˈtrænspɔrt ˈwərkərz ˈjunjən, wɪʧ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ˈdraɪvərz fər ˈpraɪvət bəs ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz, 60 pər sɛnt əv ə ˈsæmpəl əv 58 ˈdraɪvərz sɛd ðeɪ ɪnˈkaʊnərd ˈɪʃuz wɪθ ˈoʊpəl ˈridərz æt list wəns ə deɪ.
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sydney's bus drivers say they are encountering an increasing number of gremlins in the opal card system, claiming that ticket readers are breaking down more than they ever have.
transport minister gladys berejiklian has always said that making the public transport smartcard work on buses would be the most difficult element of rolling out the opal system.
broken: bus drivers say the opal card system is breaking down more than ever.
but unions representing drivers for both the government-owned state transit and the private bus networks say opal readers on buses are malfunctioning at a growing rate.
according to a survey by the transport workers union, which represents drivers for private bus operators, 60 per cent of a sample of 58 drivers said they encountered issues with opal readers at least once a day.
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pɑrt əv ˈmɑrtɪn ˈtruˌɛks jr*. ˌæbsəˈlutli wɔnts tɪ wɪn ðə ˈnæˌskɑr kəp ˈtaɪtəl fər hɪz ˈlɔŋˌtaɪm ˈgərlˌfrɛnd, ˈʃɛri. fju wʊd bleɪm ɪm. wɪn, 38 preɪz, ʃi ˈdəzənt ʤɪst preɪ fər hər ˈkænsər tɪ goʊ ˈɪntu riˈmɪʃən. "ðɪs ɪz sæd, bət ju preɪ ðət ɪt kəmz bæk ˈsəmˌwɛr ðət ðeɪ kən ˈɔpərˌeɪt," sɛd, hu həz hæd tu ˈmeɪʤər ˈsərʤəriz ənd əˈprɑksəmətli 35 ˌkimoʊˈθɛrəpi ˈtritmənts sɪns biɪŋ ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst wɪθ oʊˈvɛˌriən ˈkænsər ɪn ˈɔgəst 2014 "aɪ fil laɪk ɪf ðeɪ kən ˈoʊpən mi əp ənd gɪt ɪt aʊt, ðɛn aɪ hæv ə ʧæns. "bət ɪf ɪt stɑrts ˈsprɛdɪŋ ˈɛvriˌwɛr ɪn maɪ ˈæbdəmən ənd ðeɪ kænt ˈɔpərˌeɪt, ðɛn maɪ ɑdz ˈgreɪtli ˈdiˌkris." əˈpriʃiˌeɪts ˈtruˌɛks ˈwɑnɪŋ tɪ wɪn fər hər ənd ˈpipəl ˈrutɪŋ fər ˈtruˌɛks bɪˈkəz əv hər, bət pɑrt əv ˌæbsəˈlutli ˈdəzənt wɔnt ˈtruˌɛks tɪ hæv hər ɔn hɪz maɪnd ˈsənˌdi ˌæftərˈnun æt ˈspidˌweɪ. ɪf ˈtruˌɛks kən bit ˈkɛvɪn harvick*, kaɪl bʊʃ ənd bræd ɪn ðə ˈsizən fəˈnæli tɪ wɪn ðə kəp ˈtaɪtəl, ˈdɔtər əv ˈfɔrmər ˈsɪriz ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ˈoʊnər grɛg noʊz ʤɪst haʊ bɪg ə ˈreɪsɪŋ fit hi ənd ðə ˈfərnɪʧər roʊ ˈreɪsɪŋ tim wɪl əˈkɑmplɪʃ. "aɪ kænt ˈivɪn θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ðət ˈmoʊmənt bɪˈkəz aɪ kænt θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪt wɪˈθaʊt kraɪɪŋ," sɛd. "bɪˈkəz aɪ kænt θɪŋk əˈbaʊt wət ɪt wʊd min nɑt ʤɪst tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ˈpərsənəli bət tɪ ðət hoʊl tim ənd haʊ məʧ ðeɪv ˈoʊvərˌkəm. wi wər ˈtɛrəbəl (ɪn 2014 wi ˈkʊdənt gɪt aʊt əv ɑr oʊn weɪ. "ənd ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi θɔt ðɪs tim wʊd ˈɛvər kəmˈpit fər ə ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp. aɪ wɔnt ɪm tɪ wɪn ɪt fər ɔl ðoʊz ˈrizənz. aɪ doʊnt wɔnt ɪt tɪ bi əˈbaʊt maɪ ˈkænsər." ɪt maɪt bi ˈmoʊmənt, bət faɪt həz hɛlpt ʃeɪp ˈtruˌɛks, ənd ɪt həz ˈgɪvɪn ɪm pərˈspɛktɪv ɛz hi həz sərʤd tɪ ðə ˈnæˌskɑr ɪˈlit ˈæftər ə ˈdɛkeɪd əv traɪɪŋ tɪ faɪnd ə weɪ tɪ goʊ frəm gʊd ˈnæˌskɑr kəp ˈdraɪvər tɪ ə greɪt wən. hər ˈbætəl ˈmoʊtəˌveɪts ɪm tɪ dɪg dip ənd pərˈfɔrm ɔn ðə ˈreɪˌstræk. ənd hi dɪz ɪt wɪˈθaʊt ˈivɪn ðə əˈpɪrəns əv kəmˈpitɪŋ waɪl ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli dreɪnd. hiz ə gʊd ˈæktər. æsk ɪm waɪ ɪt ˈdəzənt wɛr ɔn ɪm, ənd hi həz ə ˈsɪmpəl ˈænsər: "ɪt həz," hi sɛd. gʊd kɑz ənd feɪθ ɪn ˈtimˌmeɪts wɪl ˈkɛri ə ˈdraɪvər fɑr, ənd ɪt kʊd ˈkɛri ˈtruˌɛks tɪ bɪld ɔn ə ˈreɪsɪŋ résumé*é ðət ˌɪnˈkludz ðə ˈtaɪtəlz. hi həz ə ˈsɛvən ˈvɪktəriz ðɪs jɪr ənd həz lɛd ə læps, ˈbɪldɪŋ ɔn ə 2016 wɛr hi wən fɔr taɪmz ənd lɛd læps. ɔl ðə waɪl, ˈtruˌɛks həz traɪd tɪ bi ðɛr fər sɪns ðə ˈɔgəst 2014 ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsəs, ˈsərʤəri ənd 17 mənθs əv ˌkimoʊˈθɛrəpi ˈtritmənts. ðə ˈkænsər rɪˈtərnd ɪn meɪ, ənd ˌəndərˈwɛnt səkˈsɛsfəl ˈsərʤəri tɪ hər splin ənd ˈlɪvər ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ. ʃi ˈkərəntli rɪˈsivz ə hɑrʃ ˈdoʊsɪʤ əv tu ˌkimoʊˈθɛrəpi drəgz ˈɛvəri fɔr wiks. "aɪ hæv ʤɪst ˈfɪgjərd aʊt haʊ tɪ gɪt θru ɪt, aɪ gɛs," ˈtruˌɛks sɛd. "ðɛr ər ə lɔt wərs θɪŋz ðət kʊd ˈhæpən. aɪ gɛs aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz lʊk æt ðə ˈpɑzətɪvz ənd seɪ ɪt kʊd bi ə lɔt wərs. biɪŋ səkˈsɛsfəl ɔn ðə træk hɛlps." ˈʃɛri ɪz praʊd əv wət ˈbɔɪˌfrɛnd ˈmɑrtɪn ˈtruˌɛks jr*. ənd hɪz ˈfərnɪʧər roʊ ˈreɪsɪŋ tim hæv əˈkɑmplɪʃt. ˈʤɛrɪd si. ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈtruˌɛks noʊz ɔl əˈbaʊt ðə ˈstrəgəl tɪ əˈʧiv səkˈsɛs ɔn ðə træk. ɪn sɪks əv hɪz fərst ˈsɛvən kəp ˈsizənz, hi ˈdɪdənt wɪn ə reɪs. ɪn hɪz fərst naɪn ˈsizənz, hi ˈfɪnɪʃt ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə tɔp 10 ɪn ðə ˈstændɪŋz. ˈmɛni pərˈsiv ɪm ɛz ðə ˈvɪktɪm ɪn ðə ˈmaɪkəl ˈwɔltrɪp ˈreɪsɪŋ reɪs məˌnɪpjəˈleɪʃən ˈskændəl ðət kɔst ɪm ə spɑt ɪn ðə ʧeɪs ɪn 2013 ənd kɔzd ɪm tɪ ɛnd əp ˈluzɪŋ hɪz raɪd. ˈtruˌɛks faʊnd ə nu hoʊm æt ˈfərnɪʧər roʊ ˈreɪsɪŋ ənd hæd ə ˈmɪzərəbəl jɪr ɔn ðə træk ɪn 2014 ɛz ˈbætəld ˈkænsər. "ɪts ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ə ʤɑb," ˈtruˌɛks sɛd. "aɪ fil laɪk wɪn wɪr æt ðə ˈreɪˌstræk ənd əm wɪθ ðə tim ənd əm ɪn ðə kɑr, aɪ doʊnt fil laɪk ɪts ə ʤɑb. ðə rɛst əv ðə taɪm, aɪ du. "ʤɪst ðə ˈtrævəl ənd ðə ˈkɑnstənt biɪŋ ɔn ðə roʊd, biɪŋ əˈweɪ frəm hoʊm, ˈhævɪŋ tɪ liv ˈʃɛri æt hoʊm wɪn ʃiz duɪŋ ˈkimoʊ ənd θɪŋz laɪk ðət, ɪt wɛrz ɔn ju." wɪθ hər ˈleɪtəst ˈtritmənt ə ˈkəpəl wiks əˈgoʊ, kʊd ˈtrævəl tɪ ˈfinɪks læst wik ənd wɪl ˈtrævəl tɪ ˈhoʊmˌstɛd ðɪs ˈwiˌkɪnd. ˈtruˌɛks wʊd ləv tɪ rɪˈwɔrd hər fər hər fɪrs, ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˈspɪrɪt baɪ ˈhɔɪstɪŋ ðə ˈmɑnstər ˈɛnərʤi ˈnæˌskɑr kəp ˈsɪriz ˈtroʊfi. "ɪts ʤɪst pɑrt əv ðə ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃən," ˈtruˌɛks sɛd. "ɪts pɑrt əv maɪ laɪf naʊ." ˈtruˌɛks həz noʊ kənˈsərnz ðət ɪf hi ˈdəzənt wɪn ðə ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ðət hi wɪl fil ɛz ɪf hi lɛt daʊn. hi həz noʊ kənˈsərnz ðət ˈiˌmoʊʃən kʊd ˌoʊvərˈwɛlm ɪm æt ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl taɪm ɪn ðə reɪs ˈsənˌdi. ˈtruˌɛks, 37 wən ˈsɪriz ˈtaɪtəlz ɪn 2004 ənd 2005 hi noʊz ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps. "aɪ noʊ æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə deɪ ɪts stɪl ˈreɪsɪŋ," ˈtruˌɛks sɛd. "ɪts nɑt ðə ɛnd əv ðə wərld. ðə wərld ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ goʊ ɔn, laɪf ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ goʊ ɔn ɪf ju doʊnt wɪn ɪt. "aɪ ˈdɪdənt juz tɪ [fil ðət weɪ]. wɪn aɪ wɑz ˈjəŋgər, ɪt wɑz ðə ɛnd əv ðə wərld. ɪn 04 aɪ maɪt hæv θɔt maɪ wərld wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ ɛnd ɪf aɪ ˈdɪdənt wɪn ɪt. aɪv ˈlərnɪd ə lɔt sɪns ðɛn. aɪv groʊn ə lɔt. əm ə lɔt mɔr məˈʧʊr. ənd ə lɔt ˈoʊldər." ˈlərnɪŋ ðə stəˈtɪstɪk ɪn 2014 ðət ˈoʊnli 20 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈpipəl ɪn kənˈdɪʃən lɪv faɪv jɪrz wɪl tɛnd tɪ kɔz ə ˈpərsən tɪ məˈʧʊr. "æt ðət ˈmoʊmənt ɪn taɪm ɪn hɪz laɪf, ðə ˈoʊnli θɪŋ ðət wɑz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ɪm wɑz biɪŋ səkˈsɛsfəl ɔn ðə ˈreɪˌstræk," sɛd əˈbaʊt ˈtruˌɛks ɛz ə jəŋ ˈreɪsər. "ɪt ˈwəzənt ˈrɪli əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈpərsɪnəl laɪf ər hu hi ləvd ər hu hi kɛrd əˈbaʊt ər hɪz ˈfæməli. "nɑt ðət hi ˈdɪdənt ləv ənd kɛr əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈfæməli ər mi; aɪ θɪŋk θɪŋz hæv ʧeɪnʤd sɪns ðɛn ənd ju ʤɪst hæv ə ˈdɪfərənt pərˈspɛktɪv ɔn laɪf. ju kænt goʊ θru wət wiv bɪn θru ənd nɑt lɛt ɪt ʧeɪnʤ ju. aɪ weɪk əp ˈɛvəri deɪ ənd stɛr dɛθ ɪn ðə feɪs." ðə pərˈspɛktɪv ˈpɑsəbli ˌɪnˈkrist ˈivɪn mɔr ðɪs jɪr. ˈɔfən sɪz "noʊ wən noʊz wət ɑr læst deɪ ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi," ənd noʊ tim noʊz ðət ˈbɛtər ðən ˈfərnɪʧər roʊ ˈreɪsɪŋ. roʊd ˈfæbrɪˌkeɪtər ʤɪm ˈwɑtsən daɪd əv ə hɑrt əˈtæk æt ə ˈaʊtɪŋ wɪθ ðə tim ɪn ˈkænzəs læst mənθ. tim ˈoʊnər ˈbɑrni ˈvɪsər ˈsəfərd ə hɑrt əˈtæk ə ˈkəpəl əv wiks əˈgoʊ ənd ɪz rɪˈkəvərɪŋ. kru ʧif koʊl ˈɔlsoʊ lɔst wən əv hɪz bɛst frɛndz ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪdli ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsizən. "wi bɪˈliv əm goʊɪŋ tɪ bit ɪt ənd əm goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈdɪfərənt," sɛd. "wəts ðə ɔlˈtərnətɪv? ju weɪk əp ˈɛvəri deɪ ənd ju bɪˈliv jʊr goʊɪŋ tɪ daɪ? ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi wɔnts tɪ lɪv laɪk ðət." wɪl ˈfɪnɪʃ ˌkimoʊˈθɛrəpi ðɪs ˈwɪntər, ənd ˈdɑktərz hæv toʊld hər ðət ɪf ʃi ˈdəzənt goʊ ɔn ən ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl drəg ˈproʊˌgræm ˈərli nɛkst jɪr, ðə ˈkænsər ˈlaɪkli wɪl kəm bæk sun. ðə nu drəgz hæv ə 50 pərˈsɛnt ʧæns əv prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ə rɪˈkərəns ˈoʊvər tu jɪrz, sɛd. ðə ˈbætəl kənˈtɪnjuz. "nɑt məʧ həz ʧeɪnʤd sɪns 2014 wɪn ʃi gɑt ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst ˈəðər ðən wi ər ˈrənɪŋ ə lɔt ˈbɛtər ðən wi wər ðɛn," ˈtruˌɛks sɛd. "bət əˈsaɪd frəm ðət, ɪts ˈrɪli ðə seɪm." ˈmɑrtɪn ˈtruˌɛks jr*. faɪndz ə lɔt əv ˈkəmfərt æt ðə træk. ˈrɑbərt ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈmeɪbi ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt əv nu ˈʤərzi ˈætəˌtud həz kɛpt ˈtruˌɛks ˈfoʊkɪst ɛz hi həz pʊt hɪz hɛd daʊn ənd ˈtækəld ðə ˈʧælənʤɪz. "aɪv hərd ˈstɔriz ɔl maɪ laɪf əv haʊ ənd sin ˈpipəl goʊ θru səm ˈrɪli hɑrd stəf," ˈtruˌɛks sɛd. "aɪ noʊ ðə hɛlθ pɑrt əv ɪt fər hər ɪz təf. "bət aɪ fil laɪk wi kən gɪt θru ɪt. ðɛr ɪz laɪt æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈtənəl. wi kən kaɪnd əv si ðə ˈəðər saɪd. wiv ʤɪst gɑt tɪ kip ˈpʊʃɪŋ." hi pruvd ʤɪst ðət ə fju deɪz ˈæftər ˈsərʤəri ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ wɪn hi wən æt kənˈtəki. "aɪ hæd ðoʊz θɔts laɪk: 'waɪ dɪz ðɪs hæv tɪ ˈhæpən tɪ ˈjuˈɛs raɪt naʊ; waɪ kænt ɪt ˈhæpən ɪn ðə ər waɪ kænt ɪt bi wɪn hi həz soʊ məʧ ɔn hɪz pleɪt?" sɛd. "hi simz tɪ ˈhændəl ɪt soʊ wɛl. "ðə ˈreɪˌstræk fər ɪm ɪz ə taɪm ðət hi kən fərˈgɛt əˈbaʊt ɔl ðət ənd hi kən pʊt hɪz ˈhɛlmət ɔn ənd ʤɪst bi ˈmɑrtɪn ˈtruˌɛks jr*. hi ˈdəzənt hæv tɪ bi 'ˈmɑrtɪn ðət həz ˈsəmˌbɑdi æt hoʊm ðət ɪz ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˈkænsər.'" bət hi ɪz. ɛz ən ˈædvəˌkeɪt fər ˈrisərʧ fər boʊθ oʊˈvɛˌriən ənd ˌpidiˈætrɪk ˈkænsər, noʊz ðɛr ˈstɔri ˈrɛzəˌneɪts wɪθ ðə ˈævɪd reɪs fænz ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈkæʒəwəl reɪs fænz. səkˈsɛs, ɪn pɑrt, gɪvz ə ˈplætˌfɔrm tɪ tɛl hər ˈstɔri, tɪ hɛlp ðɛr faʊnˈdeɪʃən riʧ ɪts goʊlz. "ɪts bɪn ˈrɪli kul tɪ rɛd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɔn tˈwɪtər ənd ənd ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd si ˈpipəl seɪ 'juv bɪn səʧ ən ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən tɪ mi,'" sɛd. "ɪts soʊ ˈhəmbəlɪŋ tɪ θɪŋk ðət ju kən du ðət. ˈmeɪbi ðæts waɪ gɑd pʊt mi ɔn ðɪs pæθ soʊ aɪ kən du ðət fər ˈəðər ˈpipəl. "ɪf ðæts ðə keɪs, əm faɪn wɪθ ðət. aɪ heɪt ðət ɪt ˈkɔzɪz peɪn fər maɪ ˈfæməli ənd fər ˈmɑrtɪn. ɪf ˌɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ ˈəðər ˈpipəl ɪz wət meɪks ɪt wərθ ðə ˈbætəl, ðæts kul, ənd aɪ fil ˈləki tɪ bi ðət ˈpərsən." waɪl ʃi noʊz ˈmɛni ˈpipəl hæv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðɛr ˈstɔri, ʃi ʤɪst hoʊps ðət ɪf ˈtruˌɛks kən wɪn ðə ˈtaɪtəl ˈsənˌdi, ðə timz ˈstɔri gɪts toʊld. "aɪ doʊnt wɔnt ɪm tɪ wɪn ənd ˈpipəl tɪ bi laɪk, 'oʊ maɪ gɑd, ðət ɪz soʊ ˈɔsəm ðət hi wən bɪˈkəz ʃi ɪz ˈfaɪtɪŋ oʊˈvɛˌriən ˈkænsər,' sɛd. "aɪ wɔnt ˈpipəl tɪ bi laɪk, 'oʊ maɪ gɑd, hi wən bɪˈkəz hi wərkt hɪz æs ɔf tɪ gɪt tɪ ðɪs pɔɪnt ənd ðɪs tim, ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi θɔt ðeɪ kʊd du ɪt, ənd lʊk æt wət ðeɪv dən.' "aɪ hoʊp ɪn ðət ˈmoʊmənt, ɪf hi wɪnz, ðət ˈpipəl doʊnt meɪk ɪt əˈbaʊt mi. bɪˈkəz ɪts nɑt əˈbaʊt mi. ɪts hɪz ˈmoʊmənt. nɑt maɪn."
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part of martin truex jr. absolutely wants to win the nascar cup title for his longtime girlfriend, sherry pollex.
few would blame him. when pollex, 38, prays, she doesn't just pray for her cancer to go into remission.
"this is sad, but you pray that it comes back somewhere that they can operate," said pollex, who has had two major surgeries and approximately 35 chemotherapy treatments since being diagnosed with ovarian cancer in august 2014. "i feel like if they can open me up and get it out, then i have a chance.
"but if it starts spreading everywhere in my abdomen and they can't operate, then my odds greatly decrease."
pollex appreciates truex wanting to win for her and people rooting for truex because of her, but part of pollex absolutely doesn't want truex to have her on his mind sunday afternoon at homestead-miami speedway.
if truex can beat kevin harvick, kyle busch and brad keselowski in the season finale to win the cup title, pollex -- daughter of former xfinity series championship owner greg pollex -- knows just how big a racing feat he and the furniture row racing team will accomplish.
"i can't even think about that moment because i can't think about it without crying," pollex said. "because i can't think about what it would mean not just to us personally but to that whole team and how much they've overcome. ... we were terrible (in 2014). we couldn't get out of our own way.
"and nobody thought this team would ever compete for a championship. i want him to win it for all those reasons. i don't want it to be about my cancer."
it might be truex's moment, but pollex's fight has helped shape truex, and it has given him perspective as he has surged to the nascar elite after a decade of trying to find a way to go from good nascar cup driver to a great one.
her battle motivates him to dig deep and perform on the racetrack. and he does it without even the appearance of competing while emotionally drained.
he's a good actor. ask him why it doesn't wear on him, and he has a simple answer:
"it has," he said.
good cars and faith in teammates will carry a driver far, and it could carry truex to build on a racing résumé that includes the 2004-2005 xfinity titles. he has a series-high seven victories this year and has led a series-high 2,175 laps, building on a 2016 where he won four times and led 1,809 laps.
all the while, truex has tried to be there for pollex since the august 2014 diagnosis, surgery and 17 months of chemotherapy treatments. the cancer returned in may, and pollex underwent successful surgery to her spleen and liver in july. she currently receives a harsh dosage of two chemotherapy drugs every four weeks.
"i have just figured out how to get through it, i guess," truex said. "there are a lot worse things that could happen. i guess i always look at the positives and say it could be a lot worse. ... being successful on the track helps."
sherry pollex is proud of what boyfriend martin truex jr. and his furniture row racing team have accomplished. jared c. tilton/getty images
truex knows all about the struggle to achieve success on the track. in six of his first seven cup seasons, he didn't win a race. in his first nine seasons, he finished outside the top 10 in the standings.
many perceive him as the victim in the michael waltrip racing race manipulation scandal that cost him a spot in the chase in 2013 and caused him to end up losing his ride.
truex found a new home at furniture row racing and had a miserable year on the track in 2014 as pollex battled cancer.
"it's always been a job," truex said. "i feel like when we're at the racetrack and i'm with the team and i'm in the car, i don't feel like it's a job. the rest of the time, i do.
"just the travel and the constant being on the road, being away from home, having to leave sherry at home when she's doing chemo and things like that, it wears on you."
with her latest treatment a couple weeks ago, pollex could travel to phoenix last week and will travel to homestead this weekend. truex would love to reward her for her fierce, fighting spirit by hoisting the monster energy nascar cup series trophy.
"it's just part of the motivation," truex said. "it's part of my life now."
truex has no concerns that if he doesn't win the championship that he will feel as if he let pollex down. he has no concerns that emotion could overwhelm him at a critical time in the race sunday.
truex, 37, won back-to-back xfinity series titles in 2004 and 2005. he knows the importance of championships.
"i know at the end of the day it's still racing," truex said. "it's not the end of the world. the world is going to go on, life is going to go on if you don't win it.
"i didn't use to [feel that way]. when i was younger, it was the end of the world. in '04 i might have thought my world was going to end if i didn't win it. i've learned a lot since then. i've grown a lot. i'm a lot more mature. and a lot older."
learning the statistic in 2014 that only 20 percent of people in pollex's condition live five years will tend to cause a person to mature.
"at that moment in time in his life, the only thing that was important to him was being successful on the racetrack," pollex said about truex as a young racer. "it wasn't really about his personal life or who he loved or who he cared about or his family.
"not that he didn't love and care about his family or me; i think things have changed since then and you just have a different perspective on life. you can't go through what we've been through and not let it change you. i wake up every day and stare death in the face."
the perspective possibly increased even more this year. pollex often says "no one knows what our last day is going to be," and no team knows that better than furniture row racing.
road fabricator jim watson died of a heart attack at a go-kart outing with the team in kansas last month. team owner barney visser suffered a heart attack a couple of weeks ago and is recovering. crew chief cole pearn also lost one of his best friends unexpectedly during the season.
"we believe i'm going to beat it and i'm going to be different," pollex said. "what's the alternative? you wake up every day and you believe you're going to die? nobody wants to live like that."
pollex will finish chemotherapy this winter, and doctors have told her that if she doesn't go on an experimental drug program early next year, the cancer likely will come back soon. the new drugs have a 50 percent chance of preventing a recurrence over two years, pollex said.
the battle continues.
"not much has changed since 2014 when she got diagnosed other than we are running a lot better than we were then," truex said. "but aside from that, it's really the same."
martin truex jr. finds a lot of comfort at the track. robert laberge/getty images
maybe a little bit of new jersey attitude has kept truex focused as he has put his head down and tackled the challenges.
"i've heard stories all my life of how and seen people go through some really hard stuff," truex said. "i know the health part of it for her is tough.
"but i feel like we can get through it. there is light at the end of the tunnel. we can kind of see the other side. we've just got to keep pushing."
he proved just that a few days after pollex's surgery in july when he won at kentucky.
"i had those thoughts like: 'why does this have to happen to us right now; why can't it happen in the offseason or why can't it be when he has so much on his plate?" pollex said. "he seems to handle it so well.
"the racetrack for him is a time that he can forget about all that and he can put his helmet on and just be martin truex jr. -- he doesn't have to be 'martin that has somebody at home that is fighting cancer.'"
but he is. as an advocate for research for both ovarian and pediatric cancer, pollex knows their story resonates with the avid race fans as well as the casual race fans. truex's success, in part, gives pollex a platform to tell her story, to help their foundation reach its goals.
"it's been really cool to read everything on twitter and instagram and facebook and see people say 'you've been such an inspiration to me,'" pollex said. "it's so humbling to think that you can do that. maybe that's why god put me on this path so i can do that for other people.
"if that's the case, i'm fine with that. i hate that it causes pain for my family and for martin. if inspiring other people is what makes it worth the battle, that's cool, and i feel lucky to be that person."
while she knows many people have interest in their story, she just hopes that if truex can win the title sunday, the team's story gets told.
"i don't want him to win and people to be like, 'oh my god, that is so awesome that he won because she is fighting ovarian cancer,' " pollex said. "i want people to be like, 'oh my god, he won because he worked his ass off to get to this point and this team, nobody thought they could do it, and look at what they've done.'
"i hope in that moment, if he wins, that people don't make it about me. because it's not about me. it's his moment. not mine."
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ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈteɪbəl kəmˈpraɪzɪz ðə 150 haɪəst ˈmaʊntən piks əv ˈkænədə wɪθ æt list 500 ˈmitərz 1640 fit) əv ˌtɑpəˈgræfɪk ðə ˈsəmɪt əv ə ˈmaʊntən ər hɪl meɪ bi ˈmɛʒərd ɪn θri ˈprɪnsəpəl weɪz: ðə ˌtɑpəˈgræfɪk ˌɛləˈveɪʃən əv ə ˈsəmɪt ˈmɛʒərz ðə haɪt əv ðə ˈsəmɪt əˈbəv ə si ðə ˌtɑpəˈgræfɪk ˈprɑmənəns əv ə ˈsəmɪt ɪz ə ˈmɛʒər əv haʊ haɪ ðə ˈsəmɪt ˈraɪzɪz əˈbəv ɪts ðə ˌtɑpəˈgræfɪk ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən (ər ˈreɪdiəs əv ˈdɑmənəns) əv ə ˈsəmɪt ˈmɛʒərz haʊ fɑr ðə ˈsəmɪt laɪz frəm ɪts ˈnɪrəst pɔɪnt əv ˈikwəl faɪv ˈmeɪʤər kəˈneɪdiən ˈsəmɪts ɪkˈsid 5000 ˈmitərz fit), 11 ɪkˈsid 4500 ˈmitərz fit) ˌɛləˈveɪʃən, 19 ɪkˈsid 4000 ˈmitərz fit), 41 ɪkˈsid 3500 ˈmitərz fit), 67 ɪkˈsid 3000 ˈmitərz 9843 fit), ənd 125 ˈmeɪʤər ˈsəmɪts ɪkˈsid 2500 ˈmitərz 8202 fit) ˌɛləˈveɪʃən. haɪəst ˈmeɪʤər ˈsəmɪts ˈɛdət mæp ðɪs ˈsɛkʃənz koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪts ˈjuzɪŋ: ˈdaʊnˌloʊd koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪts ɛz: əv ðiz 150 haɪəst ˈmeɪʤər ˈsəmɪts əv ˈkænədə, 102 ər ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ˈbrɪtɪʃ kəˈləmbiə, 37 ɪn ˈjuˌkɑn, 13 ɪn ælˈbərtə, tu ɪn nunavut*, ənd wən ɪn ðə ˌnɔrθˈwɛst ˈtɛrəˌtɔriz. θri əv ðiz ˈsəmɪts laɪ ɔn ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈbɔrdər ənd tu laɪ ɔn ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈbɔrdər. faɪv əv ðiz ˈsəmɪts laɪ ɔn ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈbɔrdər ənd faɪv laɪ ɔn ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈbɔrdər. ˈgæləri ˈɛdət si ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛdət ˈrɛfərənsɪz ˈɛdət koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪts:
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the following sortable table comprises the 150 highest mountain peaks of canada with at least 500 metres (1640 feet) of topographic prominence.[1]
the summit of a mountain or hill may be measured in three principal ways:
the topographic elevation of a summit measures the height of the summit above a geodetic sea level.[2] the topographic prominence of a summit is a measure of how high the summit rises above its surroundings.[2][3] the topographic isolation (or radius of dominance) of a summit measures how far the summit lies from its nearest point of equal elevation.[4]
five major canadian summits exceed 5000 metres (16,404 feet), 11 exceed 4500 metres (14,764 feet) elevation, 19 exceed 4000 metres (13,123 feet), 41 exceed 3500 metres (11,483 feet), 67 exceed 3000 metres (9843 feet), and 125 major summits exceed 2500 metres (8202 feet) elevation.
highest major summits [ edit ]
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of these 150 highest major summits of canada, 102 are located in british columbia, 37 in yukon, 13 in alberta, two in nunavut, and one in the northwest territories. three of these summits lie on the british columbia-alberta border and two lie on the british columbia-yukon border. five of these summits lie on the international yukon-alaska border and five lie on the international british columbia-alaska border.
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see also [ edit ]
references [ edit ]
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əˈmɛrɪkən ʤuɪʃ kəˈmɪti ˈɑnərz ˈjuˈɛs æmˈbæsədər tɪ ˈjuˈɛn, seɪɪŋ ʃi kərɪʤ ənd ˈprɪnsəpəl əˈbəv kənˈvinjəns ənd cynicism.”*.” ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ʤuɪʃ kəˈmɪti læst wik ˈɑnərd juz. æmˈbæsədər tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛn ˈsuzən raɪs wɪθ ɪts pərˈstiʤəs dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs əˈwɔrd. ˈdipli muvd tɪ rɪˈsiv dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs award,”*,” sɛd raɪs. praʊd tɪ əkˈsɛpt ðɪs ˈɑnər ɛz ə ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðə ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd wərk baɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌoʊˈbɑmə, hɪz ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən, ənd maɪ ˈkɑligz æt ðə juz. ˈmɪʃən tɪ ðə un.”*.” ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər ˈdeɪvɪd ˈhɛrɪs pərˈzɛnəd ðə əˈwɔrd æt ðə ˈænjuəl ˈlidərˌʃɪp bɔrd ˈlənʧən. ˈnɪrli 250 əˈtɛndəd ðə ɪˈvɛnt æt ðə ˈjuˈɛn ˈdɛləˌgeɪts ˈdaɪnɪŋ rum. rɑn prosor*, æmˈbæsədər tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛn, dɪˈlɪvərd ðə ˈkiˌnoʊt ˈæˌdrɛs. ˈkænɑt səkˈsid ɛz juz. æmˈbæsədər tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛn ənˈlɛs ju ər ˈfaɪsti, təf ənd ˌənəˈfreɪd tɪ spik out,”*,” sɛd ˈdeɪvɪd ˈhɛrɪs. raɪs pʊts kərɪʤ ənd ˈprɪnsəpəl əˈbəv kənˈvinjəns ənd cynicism.”*.” ðə plæk ɔn ðə əˈwɔrd ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd æmˈbæsədər roʊl æt ðə ˈjuˈɛn ɛz ə dɪˈfɛndər əv ˈjumən ˈdɪgnəti ənd ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk values.”*.” raɪs preɪzd fər ɪts lɔŋ ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt wɪθ ðə ˈjuˈɛn, wɪʧ bɪˈgæn ɪn 1945 æt ðə ˈvɛri ˈfaʊndɪŋ əv ðə wərld ˈbɑdi, ənd rivˈjud ˈkɑrənt ˈʧælənʤɪz, əˈspɛʃəli ðə pleɪs əv ˈɪzriəl æt ðə ˈjuˈɛn. həz ə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈhɪstəri ˈfaɪtɪŋ fər ˈjumən raɪts, dɪˈmɑkrəsi, ðə ʤuɪʃ ˈpipəl, ənd ðə steɪt əv ˈɪzriəl. aɪ kəˈmɛnd ənd ɪts ˈlidərˌʃɪp fər jʊr ˈθɔtfəl approach,”*,” sɛd raɪs. ɔl ˌəndərˈstænd ðə flɔz. bət həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˌəndərˈstʊd ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ðə ˈjuˈɛn, ənd əv ˈwərkɪŋ fər ʧeɪnʤ wɪθ pərˈsɪstəns, ˈpeɪʃəns, ənd ˈprɪnsəpəl. nɑt ðə ˈiziəst pæθ, bət ɪt ɪz ðə moʊst kənˈstrəktɪv wən, ənd grateful.”*.” wən əv ðə moʊst ˈglɛrɪŋ flɔz əv ðə ˈjuˈɛn həz bɪn ðə ˈtritmənt əv ˈɪzriəl. hu kɛrz əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈsɪstəm həz tɪ bi kənˈsərnd wɪn wən ˈmɛmbər steɪt ɪz ənˈfɛrli ˈsɪŋgəld out,”*,” sɛd raɪs. ðə kənˈtɪnjuəs əv əbˈsɛsɪv, ənˈbælənst, ənd rɪˈlɛntlɪs criticism”*” əv ˈɪzriəl ðə oʊn haɪəst values,”*,” raɪs kənˈtɪnjud. ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌoʊˈbɑmə ɔn daʊn, ɑr vju ɪz ðət æt ðə ˈjuˈɛn ʤɪst ə ˈprɑbləm fər ˈɪzriəl. ə ˈprɑbləm fər ɔl əv us.”*.” raɪs spoʊk əˈbaʊt ðə juz. kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ˈkaʊnərɪŋ ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈʧælənʤɪz boʊθ tɪ sɪˈkjʊrəti ənd lɪˈʤɪtəməsi. ˈjuˈɛn ʃʊd bi ə pleɪs wɛr ˈkɑnflɪkts ər kuld, nɑt ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪz bɪlt, nɑt eroded,”*,” ʃi sɛd.
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american jewish committee honors us ambassador to un, saying she “puts courage and principle above convenience and cynicism.”
the american jewish committee last week honored u.s. ambassador to the un susan rice with its prestigious distinguished public service award.
"i’m deeply moved to receive ajc’s distinguished public service award,” said rice. “i’m proud to accept this honor as a tribute to the dedicated work by president obama, his administration, and my colleagues at the u.s. mission to the un.”
ajc executive director david harris presented the award at the annual ajc women’s leadership board luncheon. nearly 250 attended the event at the un delegates dining room. ron prosor, israel’s ambassador to the un, delivered the keynote address.
“you cannot succeed as u.s. ambassador to the un unless you are feisty, tough and unafraid to speak out,” said david harris. “ambassador rice puts courage and principle above convenience and cynicism.”
the plaque on the ajc award recognized ambassador rice’s role at the un as a “staunch defender of human dignity and democratic values.”
rice praised ajc for its long engagement with the un, which began in 1945, at the very founding of the world body, and reviewed current challenges, especially the place of israel at the un.
“ajc has a distinguished history fighting for human rights, democracy, the jewish people, and the state of israel. i commend ajc and its leadership for your thoughtful approach,” said rice. “we all understand the un’s flaws. but ajc has also understood the importance of the un, and of working for change with persistence, patience, and principle. not the easiest path, but it is the most constructive one, and grateful.”
one of the most glaring flaws of the un has been the treatment of israel. “anyone who cares about the international system has to be concerned when one member state is unfairly singled out,” said rice.
the continuous “barrage of obsessive, unbalanced, and relentless criticism” of israel “undermines the un’s own highest values,” rice continued. “from president obama on down, our view is that israel-bashing at the un isn’t just a problem for israel. a problem for all of us.”
rice spoke about the u.s. commitment to countering the ongoing challenges both to israel’s security and legitimacy. “the un should be a place where conflicts are cooled, not inflamed—where confidence is built, not eroded,” she said.
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lɛs ðən tu wiks ˈæftər hɪz ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv pərˈfɔrməns æt 165 laɪt ˈhɛviˌweɪt ˌælɪgˈzændər ˈgustɑfsən sɛd ˈkɑndəkt fˈjuʧər ˈtreɪnɪŋ kæmps ɪn hɪz ˈneɪtɪv sˈwidən. ˈgustɑfsən, hu lɔst ə kloʊz dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˈʧæmpiən ʤɑn ʤoʊnz æt ðə sɛpt. 21 ɪˈvɛnt, toʊld sˈwidɪʃ ˈtæblɔɪd ðət hɪz faɪt ˈskɛʤʊl ɪz tu dɪˈmændɪŋ tɪ treɪn æt sæn əˈlaɪəns, wɛr hi ˈfrikwɛntli ˈfɪnɪʃt ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃənz. ɪn ðət steɪʤ əv maɪ kərɪr ðət aɪ wɪl kəmˈpit θri ər fɔr taɪmz ə jɪr, soʊ aɪ kən nɑt hoʊld ɔn ənd goʊ ɔf ɔl ðə time,”*,” ˈgustɑfsən toʊld. kɔsts tu məʧ ənd ɪt teɪks tu məʧ taɪm əˈweɪ frəm maɪ ˈfæməli. ˈsɪmpli nɑt wərθ it.”*.” wɪn ˈkɑnˌtæktɪd fər ˈkɑmɛnt, əˈlaɪəns hɛd ˈtreɪnər ˈɛrɪk dɛl ˈfɪroʊ toʊld hi wɑz səˈpraɪzd baɪ dɪˈsɪʒən, bət sɛd ðə ˈfaɪtər ˈpriviəsli həz kənˈdəktəd fʊl kæmps ɪn hɪz ˈneɪtɪv ˈkəntri. θɪŋk ðə kæmp fər hi dɪd ɪn sˈwidən, soʊ bɪn ɪn kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən ɪn kæmp there,”*,” dɛl ˈfɪroʊ sɛd. seɪ wət ðə plæn ɪz fər ðə nɛkst kæmp, bɪˈkəz aɪ know.”*.” ˈgustɑfsən sɔt aʊt dɛl ˈfɪroʊ ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə səbˈmɪʃən lɔs tɪ fɪl ˈdeɪvɪs æt 112 ənd ˈtrævəld tɪ sæn diˈeɪgoʊ tɪ ʤɔɪn ðə əˈlaɪəns kæmp, wɛr ˈdeɪvɪs ənd ə ˈbɛvi əv ˈəðər tɔp ˈfaɪtərz treɪn. ðə ˈsədən ʃɪft maɪt ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðət ˈgustɑfsən wɑz ənˈhæpi wɪθ hɪz wərk æt ðə ʤɪm, bət dɛl ˈfɪroʊ sɛd hi tʊk ðə muv ɛz ə ˈpɑzətɪv saɪn fər ðə ˈfaɪtər. ˈrɪli meɪk ˈɛniˌθɪŋ əv it,”*,” dɛl ˈfɪroʊ sɛd. groʊɪŋ ɛz ən ˈæθˌlit ɪn sˈwidən, ənd hɪz əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ərn ɪn sˈwidən ɪz ə lɔt ˈbɪgər ðən ɪt ɪz ɪn ðə juz. hɪz hoʊl kæmp həz prəˈgrɛst, ənd greɪt. gɑt ə lɔt əv ˈtælənt ˈoʊvər ðɛr, ənd ˈhoʊpfəli, ˈgɪtɪŋ tɪ ə pəˈzɪʃən wɛr hi hæv tɪ liv hɪz family.”*.” ˈæftər 165 kərɪr ɪz ˈsərtənli ˈlʊkɪŋ əp. ˈkaʊntɪd aʊt baɪ moʊst əbˈzərvərz ɛz ən ˈizi mɑrk fər jones’*’ lɔŋ riʧ ənd ˌənprɪˈdɪktəbəl əˈtæk, hi geɪv ðə ʧæmp ɔl hi kʊd ˈhændəl ˈoʊvər faɪv raʊnz ənd wən ˈʤɛnərəs preɪz frəm ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdeɪnə waɪt. ənˈklɪr æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt nɛkst fər ˈgustɑfsən,) ɪn ðə keɪʤ. ðɪs pæst mənθ, waɪt meɪd ə səˈpraɪz əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ðət ðə wʊd prəˈmoʊt ə faɪt bɪtˈwin ʤoʊnz,) ənd noʊ. 1 kənˈtɛndər ˈgləvər təkˈsɛrə,) ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ən ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈriˈmæʧ bɪtˈwin ðə ʧæmp ənd ðə sˈwidɪʃ ˈfaɪtər. ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪz ɔn ðə hərˈaɪzən, ˈgustɑfsən sɛd ɛz wɛl priˈpɛrd ɛz ˈɛvər. hi toʊld ðət ənˈlaɪk hɪz ˈərliər kərɪr, hi kən naʊ flaɪ ˈspɑrɪŋ ˈpɑrtnərz ˈoʊvərˈsiz tɪ sˈwidən. bət ɪt əˈpɪrz wən ˈpɑrtnər maɪt nɑt bi ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə trɪp: ˈdeɪvɪs. du nɑt treɪn wɪθ iʧ ˈəðər ɛz məʧ anymore,”*,” ˈgustɑfsən sɛd. dɛl ˈfɪroʊ ˈɔfərd ən ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən fər ðə dɪˈmɪnɪʃt taɪm təˈgɛðər. hi sɛd ən ˈɪnʤəri tɪ ˈdeɪvɪs prɪˈvɛnɪd ɪm frəm ˈtreɪnɪŋ wɪθ ˈgustɑfsən fər 165 hi sɛd ðət wɪn ˈhɛlθi, ðə tu hæd noʊ ˈprɑbləmz ˈwərkɪŋ təˈgɛðər. əˈvɔɪd iʧ ˈəðər fər ə spɪˈsɪfɪk reason,”*,” dɛl ˈfɪroʊ sɛd. ɪt əˈpɪrz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət ˈgustɑfsən ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪts ə sɪˈnɛrioʊ ðət ˈsərtənli wʊd kip ðɛm əˈpɑrt. bɪˈlɔŋ tɪ boʊθ ðə tɔp, ənd nɑt ə ˈdɪfəkəlt gɛs ðət mit əˈgɛn soon,”*,” hi sɛd. nɑt ə drim əˈpoʊnənt bɪˈkəz wi ər frɛndz, bət (ɪf) ˌdɪˈsaɪdz ðət wi ʃʊd mit ɪt filz ˈbɛtər tɪ nɑt treɪn təˈgɛðər raɪt now.”*.”
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less than two weeks after his impressive performance at ufc 165, light heavyweight alexander gustafsson said he’ll conduct future training camps in his native sweden. gustafsson, who lost a close decision to champion jon jones at the sept. 21 pay-per-view event, told swedish tabloid aftonbladet that his fight schedule is too demanding to train at san diego’s alliance mma, where he frequently finished preparations.
“now i’m in that stage of my career that i will compete three or four times a year, so i can not hold on and go off all the time,” gustafsson told aftonbladet. “it costs too much and it takes too much time away from my family. it’s simply not worth it.”
when contacted for comment, alliance head trainer eric del fierro told mmajunkie.com he was surprised by gustafsson’s decision, but said the fighter previously has conducted full camps in his native country.
“i think the camp for mousasi he did in sweden, so we’ve been in communication in camp there,” del fierro said. “i can’t say what the plan is for the next camp, because i don’t know.”
gustafsson sought out del fierro following a submission loss to phil davis at ufc 112 and traveled to san diego to join the alliance camp, where davis and a bevy of other top fighters train.
the sudden shift might indicate that gustafsson was unhappy with his work at the gym, but del fierro said he took the move as a positive sign for the fighter.
“i don’t really make anything of it,” del fierro said. “the kid’s growing as an athlete in sweden, and his ability to earn in sweden is a lot bigger than it is in the u.s. his whole camp has progressed, and that’s great. they’ve got a lot of talent over there, and hopefully, he’s getting to a position where he doesn’t have to leave his family.”
after ufc 165, gustafsson’s career is certainly looking up. counted out by most mma observers as an easy mark for jones’ long reach and unpredictable attack, he gave the champ all he could handle over five rounds and won generous praise from ufc president dana white.
it’s unclear at the moment what’s next for gustafsson (15-2 mma, 7-2 ufc) in the cage. this past month, white made a surprise announcement that the ufc would promote a fight between jones (19-1 mma, 13-1 ufc) and no. 1 contender glover teixeira (22-2 mma, 5-0 ufc) instead of an immediate rematch between the champ and the swedish fighter.
whatever is on the horizon, gustafsson said he’s as well prepared as ever. he told aftonbladet that unlike his earlier career, he can now fly sparring partners overseas to sweden. but it appears one partner might not be making the trip: davis.
“we do not train with each other as much anymore,” gustafsson said.
del fierro offered an explanation for the pair’s diminished time together. he said an injury to davis prevented him from training with gustafsson for ufc 165. he said that when healthy, the two had no problems working together.
“they didn’t avoid each other for a specific reason,” del fierro said.
it appears, however, that gustafsson anticipates a scenario that certainly would keep them apart.
“we belong to both the top, and that’s not a difficult guess that we’ll meet again soon,” he said. “it’s not a dream opponent because we are friends, but (if) ufc decides that we should meet … it feels better to not train together right now.”
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tɪˈbɛtən ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl ˈlidər ðə ˈdɔˌlaɪ ˈlɑmə ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˈəndərˌlaɪnd ðə nid tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ mɔr ˈwɪmən ˈlidərz seɪɪŋ ðeɪ ər mɔr kəmˈpæʃənət ənd ˈsɛnsɪtɪv təˈwɔrdz ˈəðərz. wərld təˈdeɪ nidz ˈlidərz wɪθ kəmˈpæʃən ɛz kəmˈpæʃən təˈwɔrdz ˈəðərz bɪldz trəst ənd ˈlɔɪəlti. ˈwɪmən, baɪəˈlɑʤɪkli ər mɔr ˈsɛnsɪtɪv təˈwɔrdz ˈəðərz, ðət minz ðə wərld nidz mɔr ˈwɪmən ˈlidərz. ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ wɔʧ wət ɛls ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ nuz məst teɪk stɛps wɛˈrɛvər ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃənəl ˌɑpərˈtunətiz wɪθ ˈɛmfəsɪs ɔn ˈsɛkjələrˌɪzəm ənd ˈhaɪˌʤin fər ɔl, əˈspɛʃəli ˈwɪmən, soʊ ˈɛvəri wən lɪvz ə ˈhɛlθi life,”*,” ðə ˈdɔˌlaɪ ˈlɑmə sɛd waɪl æˈdrɛsɪŋ ðə ˈleɪdiz ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən (floʊ) ɪn nu ˈdɛli. ðə ˈlidər kɔld fər ðə nid tɪ dɪˈvɛləp kəmˈpæʃən ənd tɪ sərˈvaɪv ɪn ðə ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli wərld. ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈwɪmən ər mɔr ˌɪnˈklaɪnd tɪ bi kəmˈpæʃənət, ðɛr roʊl ɪz mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɪn kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə mɔr ˈpisfəl soʊˈsaɪɪti ðət ðə wərld əˈspaɪərz tɪ achieve,”*,” floʊ sɛd, kˈwoʊtɪŋ ðə ˈdɔˌlaɪ ˈlɑmə.
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tibetan spiritual leader the dalai lama on saturday underlined the need to encourage more women leaders saying they are more compassionate and sensitive towards others. “the world today needs leaders with compassion as compassion towards others builds trust and loyalty. women, biologically are more sensitive towards others, that means the world needs more women leaders.
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“we must take steps wherever necessary to improve educational opportunities with emphasis on secularism and hygiene for all, especially women, so every one lives a healthy life,” the dalai lama said while addressing the ficci ladies organisation (flo) in new delhi.
the leader called for the need to develop compassion and warm-heartedness to survive in the increasingly inter-dependent world.
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“since women are more inclined to be compassionate, their role is more important in creating a more peaceful society that the world aspires to achieve,” flo said, quoting the dalai lama.
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ˈgugəl ɪz ˈtɛstɪŋ aʊt ə nu weɪ tɪ saɪn ˈɪntu ðɛr ˈsərvɪsɪz ənd ɪt ˈnɪksɪz wən əv ðə moʊst əˈnɔɪɪŋ sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈmɛʒərz aʊt ðɛr: ˈpæsˌwərdz. ðə tɛk ʤaɪənt ɪz traɪɪŋ aʊt ə ˈfiʧər ðət lɛts səm ˈjuzərz kənˈfərm ðɛr aɪˈdɛntəˌti ʤɪst baɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ðɛr smartphones*. ðə muv ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli ʤɪst ðə ˈleɪtəst saɪn ðət ðə tɛk ˈɪndəstri ɪz traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt ˈjuzərz əˈweɪ frəm ˈpæsˌwərdz, bət ɪts ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ˈleɪtəst saɪn ðət ˈkəmpəˌniz stɪl ˈɑrənt kwaɪt ʃʊr haʊ tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ðɛm jɛt. ˈpæsˌwərdz ər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ɪˈskeɪp raɪt naʊ, bət ˈkipɪŋ træk əv ðə ˈdəzənz ju nid ʤɪst tɪ ˈnævəˌgeɪt jʊr ˈdeɪli ˈɔnˌlaɪn laɪf kən bi ˈmædənɪŋ. ənd ðɛr ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌjunəˈvərsəli ˈheɪtɪd: kriˈeɪtɪŋ strɔŋ, juˈnik ˈpæsˌwərdz kən fil laɪk ˈpʊlɪŋ tiθ ənd riˈjuzɪŋ ðɛm kən liv ju ˈvəlnərəbəl wɪn ə ˈsərvɪs ju rɪˈlaɪ ɔn gɪts briʧt. mɔˈroʊvər, ˈdætə frəm ðoʊz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl ˈbriʧɪz ʃoʊz ðət ˈpipəl kip ˈstɪkɪŋ tɪ səʧ rəˈdɪkjələsli ˈizi tɪ gɛs ˈpæsˌwərdz ɛz 123456 ər, wɛl, "ˈpæsˌwərd." "raɪt naʊ ɪts ˈrɛlətɪvli kənˈvinjənt tɪ hæv ə ˈsɪmpəl ˈpæsˌwərd," sɛd əlˈvɑroʊ beɪˈdɔɪə, ðə ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈʤɔrʤˌtaʊn lɔz ˈsɛnər ɔn ˈpraɪvəsi tɛkˈnɑləʤi. "bət ɛz hæks ˌɪnˈkris ənd ˈbriʧɪz proʊˈlɪfərˌeɪt, ˈpipəl ər ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz ðət ˈɔlsoʊ meɪ bi ˈdeɪnʤərəs." ˈmɛni bɪg saɪts ənd ˈsərvɪsɪz naʊ ˈɔfər ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən ən ˈædɪd leɪər əv prəˈtɛkʃən ðət ˈɔfən wərks baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ju ˈɛnər ə koʊd ðæts dɪˈlɪvərd tɪ jʊr foʊn ˈviə tɛkst ˈmɛsɪʤɪz ər ən æp. nu tɛst simz tɪ bi ə lɔt laɪk ʤɪst ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə ˈpæsˌwərd pɑrt aʊt əv ðɪs ˈkɑmən ɪkˈweɪʒən ənd ɪt əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ˈvɛri ˈsɪmələr tɪ ə ˈsɪstəm ˈjɑˌhu lɔnʧt fər ɪts meɪl æp ˈjuzərz ˈərliər ðɪs jɪr. "wiv ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd ə smɔl grup əv ˈjuzərz tɪ hɛlp tɛst ə nu weɪ tɪ saɪn ɪn tɪ ðɛr ˈgugəl əˈkaʊnts, noʊ ˈpæsˌwərd rikˈwaɪərd," ə ˈgugəl ˈspoʊkspərsən kənˈfərmd, ˈædɪŋ ðət ðə deɪz əv "ˈpæsˌwərd" ənd 123456 ər ˈnəmbərd. ðə ˈsɪstəm ɪz ˈprɪti ˈstreɪtˈfɔrwərd, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə poʊst frəm ˈjuzər ðət əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv fərst brɔt ðə tɛst tɪ laɪt. "ju ˈɔθərˌaɪz jʊr foʊn tɪ əˈlaʊ ju tɪ lɔg ɪn tɪ jʊr əˈkaʊnt. ju goʊ ˈɪntu ə kəmˈpjutər ənd taɪp ɪn jʊr iˈmeɪl. ðɛn ju gɪt ə ˈmɛsɪʤ ɔn jʊr foʊn tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə. ɪf ju hɪt jɛs, ðə kəmˈpjutər lɔgz ˈɪntu jʊr ˈgugəl əˈkaʊnt wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈpæsˌwərd," hi roʊt. ðə tɛst wərks fər boʊθ ˈænˌdrɔɪd ənd ˈioʊs dɪˈvaɪsɪz ənd ˈjuzərz kən stɪl juz ðɛr ˈpæsˌwərd tɪ ɛz ˈnɔrməl ɪf ðeɪ doʊnt hæv ðɛr foʊn ˈhændi. ɪf ju luz jʊr foʊn, ðə dɪˈvaɪsɪz lɑk skrin ʃʊd prəˈtɛkt jʊr əˈkaʊnts frəm ˈfɑlɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə rɔŋ hænz, ənd ju kən rɪˈvoʊk ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˈfiʧər frəm ə dɪˈvaɪs æt ˈɛni taɪm, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈkɑpi əv ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən əˈkəmpəniɪŋ ðə tɛst ˈpoʊstɪd baɪ ðə ˈjuzər.
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google is testing out a new way to sign into their services — and it nixes one of the most annoying security measures out there: passwords. the tech giant is trying out a feature that lets some users confirm their identity just by using their smartphones.
the move is not only just the latest sign that the tech industry is trying to get users away from passwords, but it's also the latest sign that companies still aren't quite sure how to replace them yet.
passwords are almost impossible to escape right now, but keeping track of the dozens you need just to navigate your daily online life can be maddening.
and they're also almost universally hated: creating strong, unique passwords can feel like pulling teeth and reusing them can leave you vulnerable when a service you rely on gets breached. moreover, data from those almost inevitable breaches shows that people keep sticking to such ridiculously easy to guess passwords as "123456" or, well, "password."
"right now it's relatively convenient to have a simple password," said alvaro bedoya, the executive director of georgetown law's center on privacy & technology. "but as hacks increase and breaches proliferate, people are starting to realize that also may be dangerous."
many big sites and services now offer two-factor authentication — an added layer of protection that often works by making you enter a code that's delivered to your phone via text messages or an app.
google's new test seems to be a lot like just taking the password part out of this common two-factor equation — and it appears to be very similar to a system yahoo launched for its mail app users earlier this year.
"we've invited a small group of users to help test a new way to sign in to their google accounts, no password required," a google spokesperson confirmed, adding that the days of "password" and "123456" are numbered.
the system is pretty straightforward, according to a reddit post from user rp1226 that appears to have first brought the test to light. "you authorize your phone to allow you to log in to your account. you go into a computer and type in your email. then you get a message on your phone to allow the login. if you hit yes, the computer logs into your google account without a password," he wrote.
the test works for both android and ios devices and users can still use their password to login as normal if they don't have their phone handy. if you lose your phone, the device's lock screen should protect your accounts from falling into the wrong hands, and you can revoke access to the feature from a device at any time, according to a copy of documentation accompanying the test posted by the reddit user.
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ðɪs poʊst dɪˈskraɪbz ˈfiʧər ˈflɪpɪŋ, ən əˈproʊʧ tɪ dɪˈvɛləpmənt ðət hɛlps sɑlv səm əv ðə ˈɪʃuz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ rɪsk ˈmænɪʤmənt ənd kˈwɑləti əˈʃʊrəns wɪn ə fæst ˈmuvɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpmənt tim ɪkˈspændz. kənˈtɪnjuəs dɪˈplɔɪmənt ɪn lɑrʤ timz dɪˈvɛləpərz æt juz ˈæʤəl ənd lin ˈstɑrˌtəp ˌmɛθoʊˈdɑləʤiz, bət ɛz ɑr dɪˈvɛləpmənt tim gɪts ˈbɪgər, dɪˈplɔɪmənts ˈhæpən mɔr ˈfrikwɛntli. ðɪs ˈvɑljum əv ʧeɪnʤ brɪŋz ˌɪnˈkrist rɪsk fər ðə stəˈbɪlɪti əv ɑr saɪt. ɪt kən ˈɔlsoʊ bi kwaɪt ə ˈʧælənʤ tɪ ˈmɛʒər ðə səkˈsɛs əv ə ˈsɪŋgəl nu ˈfiʧər ɔn ə ˈræpədli ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ˈwɛbˌsaɪt wɪθ ˈməltəpəl nu ˈfiʧərz ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ æt ˈɛni ˈgɪvɪn taɪm. ɪn ɑr ˈərliər deɪz ˈdɛmoʊ nu ˈfiʧərz ɔn ə ˈsteɪʤɪŋ ˈsərvər, bət ɛz həz groʊn, ˈjuzɪŋ ˈsɛvərəl ˈsteɪʤɪŋ ˈsərvərz tɪ ˈdɛmoʊ ɔl ɑr nu ˈfiʧərz æt wəns həz bɪˈkəm ˈkləŋki. soʊ haʊ du wi sɑlv ðiz ˈɪʃuz? ˈfiʧər ˈflɪpɪŋ. wət ɪz ˈfiʧər ˈflɪpɪŋ? ˈfiʧər ˈflɪpɪŋ ɪˈneɪbəlz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ tərn saɪt ˈfiʧərz ɔn ər ɔf ɔn ə ˈbeɪsɪs. juv ˈprɑbəˌbli ɪnˈkaʊnərd ɪt ˌbiˈfɔr wɪθ ˈkəmpəˌniz laɪk ˈgugəl ər ˈfeɪsˌbʊk wɪn ðɛr ˈroʊlɪŋ aʊt ˈmeɪʤər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz. ə fju ɪgˈzæmpəlz ˌɪnˈklud ðə ˈrisənt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ˈgugəl dɑks ənd ˈgugəl meɪl, ənd nu ˈtaɪmlaɪn. ɑr əˈproʊʧ wɑz ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ ɑr frɛndz æt learnable*, ənd slɑts ɪn wɛl wɪθ ðə lin ˈstɑrˌtəp ˌmɛθəˈdɑləʤi əv riˈlisɪŋ ˈmɪnəməm ˈvaɪəbəl ˈprɑdəkts, ˈmɛʒərɪŋ, ənd əˈdæptɪŋ θru fæst ˈfidˌbæk. ˈroʊlɪŋ aʊt ˈfiʧərz ˌɪnkrəˈmɛntəˌli gɪvz ˈkəmpəˌniz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðə əˈproʊpriətnəs ənd stəˈbɪlɪti əv ə ˈfiʧər. səm ˈkəmpəˌniz meɪk ðɪs ˈvɪzəbəl tɪ ˈjuzərz ˈviə ən ɑpt əˈproʊʧ, bət ɪn ɑr keɪs wi juz ðɪs ˌɪnˈtərnəli ɛz ən ˌɪmˈpruvd fɔrm əv ˈtɛstɪŋ. trəˈdɪʃənəli wi wʊd ˈoʊnli tɛst ɔn ˈlændɪŋ ˈpeɪʤɪz ənd ˈstætɪk ˈkɑntɛnt, bət ˈfiʧər ˈflɪpɪŋ ˈɔlsoʊ əˈlaʊz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɪθ pərˈveɪsɪv saɪt ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti. haʊ ɪt wərks æt 99 ˌbiˈfɔr ˈrənɪŋ θru ɑr əˈproʊʧ, lɛts fərst ɪgˈzæmɪn ɪt frəm ə dɪˈvɛləpərz pərˈspɛktɪv ənd frəm ə saɪt pərˈspɛktɪv. dɪˈvɛləpərz ɛz ə dɪˈvɛləpər, ju kriˈeɪt ə nu ˈfiʧər ˈsɪmpli baɪ ˈrɛʤɪstərɪŋ ɪt ɪn ə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈmɑʤul ɪn ɑr codebase*. ˈfiʧərz æd neɪm 'ˈræptərz' dɪˈskrɪpʃən 'ənˈliʃɪz ˈræptərz ˈoʊvər ðə saɪt' naʊ ðət wiv dɪˈfaɪnd ɑr ˈfiʧər, ɪts əˈveɪləbəl fər juz ɪn ə kənˈdɪʃənəl ˈsteɪtmənt, wɪʧ ju juz tɪ gɑrd koʊd. ɪf ˈfiʧər 'ˈræptərz' bum! ɑr ˈræptərz ˈfiʧər kən naʊ bi ˈtɑgəld ɔn ər ɔf fər ˈɛni ˈjuzər hu ˌɪnərˈækts wɪθ ɑr saɪt. du ju laɪk ˈræptərz? wi laɪk ˈræptərz! tɪ kɪk ɔf ən ˌɪnkrəˈmɛntəl roʊl aʊt, ə kəˈmɪt ɪz rikˈwaɪərd wɪθ ə dɪˈfaɪnd sɛt əv ˌɛlɪʤəˈbɪlɪti kraɪˈtɪriə ə ˈjuzər məst mit ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈfiʧər ɪz ɪˈneɪbəld fər ðɛm. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðə ˈjuzər məst bi ə dɪˈzaɪnər ənd nidz tɪ hæv səbˈmɪtəd ə ˈmɪnəməm əv 5 ˈɛntriz. ˈfiʧər 'ˈræptərz' ˈroʊˌlaʊt roʊl 'dɪˈzaɪnər' 5 əv kɔrs, wi meɪk ʃʊr tɪ tɛst ðə nu bɪˈheɪvjər ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə oʊld. ˈædmɪn stæf gɪt ə nis ˈɪnərˌfeɪs wɛr ðeɪ kən tərn ɔn ənd ɔf ˈfiʧərz fər ðɛmˈsɛlvz ər ə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈjuzər. hir ðeɪ kən ˈɔlsoʊ vju ðə ˈprɑˌgrɛs əv ˈɛni ɪkˈspɛrəmənts ˈhæŋɪŋ ɔf ðɪs ˈfiʧər. ˈmɛni əv ɑr ˈsteɪˌkhoʊldərz ər ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd riˈmoʊtli; baɪ ˈgɪvɪŋ ðɛm ðə paʊər tɪ ɪˈneɪbəl ˈfiʧərz ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðeɪ kən traɪ ðiz aʊt ɪn pərˈdəkʃən ənd prəˈvaɪd ˈfidˌbæk. ðɪs riˈmuvz ðə nid fər ə ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd ˈsteɪʤɪŋ ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt fər demoing*. ɪˈneɪbəlɪŋ ər ˌdɪˈseɪblɪŋ ə ˈfiʧər ɪz ʤɪst ə ˈbətən klɪk ˈəndər ðə hʊd wɪn wi fərst kənˈsɪdərd haʊ bɛst tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ˈfiʧərz, wi ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd ðət ˈɛvəri ˈfiʧər wi ˌɪntrəˈdust wʊd ˌrikˈwaɪər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ pərˈfɔrm ən əˈdɪʃənəl ʧɛk. ðɪs wʊd ˈklɪrli rɪˈzəlt ɪn ˈræpɪd groʊθ əv kˈwɪriz ɛz wi bɪˈgæn ˈʧɛkɪŋ ˈfiʧərz fər ˈɛvəri ˈjuzər ɔn ˈɛvəri peɪʤ əv ɑr saɪt. fər lɔgd aʊt ˈjuzərz, wi ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ tɪ goʊ wɪθ ə ˈkʊki beɪst səˈluʃən. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, fər ˈjuzərz wi ˈwɔntɪd ɑr ˈjuzər ˈfiʧərz tɪ bi pərˈsɪstənt. wi θɔt əˈbaʊt ˈjuzɪŋ mysql*, bət beɪst ɔn ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrks ənd ɪts sɛts ˈdætə ˈstrəkʧər, goʊɪŋ ðɪs rut simd ən aɪˈdil səˈluʃən. wi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ goʊ wɪθ ə kəmˈbaɪnd ˈkʊki ənd əˈproʊʧ tɪ ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈlʊkəps wɪˈθaʊt ˌɪmˈpæktɪŋ ðə pərˈfɔrməns əv ɑr saɪt. ðiz tu ˈmɛθədz wərk wɛl təˈgɛðər. wɪn ə ˈjuzər lɔgz ˈɪntu, ˈkʊki beɪst ˈfiʧərz ər əp wɪθ baɪ ˈteɪkɪŋ ə ˈsɪmpəl ˈjunjən əv ˈfiʧərz ɪˈneɪbəld ənd pərˈsɪstɪŋ ðə rɪˈzəltɪŋ sɛt. ðɪs əˈlaʊz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ dɪˈtərmən ɪgˈzæktli hu həz wət ˈfiʧərz ɛz wɛl ɛz wɪn ə ˈjuzər əbˈteɪnd ðoʊz ˈfiʧərz. ˈʧælənʤɪz dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ wɪθ ə ˈmaɪndˌsɛt ɪz ˈprɑbəˌbli wən əv ðə moʊst ˈʧælənʤɪŋ pɑrts əv ˈfiʧər ˈflɪpɪŋ. wət wɑz wəns ə ˈsɪmpəl dɪˈplɔɪmənt rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ə maɪˈgreɪʃən naʊ ɪnˈteɪlz mɔr θɔt tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə oʊld ənd nu ˈvərʒənz tɪ ˈfəŋkʃən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli əv wən ˈəðər. ˈdɛprəˌkeɪtəd koʊd kən stɑrt tɪ əˈkjumjəˌleɪt wɪn ju stɑrt ˈlivɪŋ koʊd ræpt ɪn ˈfiʧər ʧɛks. wi traɪ tɪ kərˈteɪl ðɪs ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl baɪ ˈkəmɪŋ bæk tɪ klin əp ənˈjuzd koʊd pæθs wəns ə ˈfiʧər həz bɪn ˈfʊli roʊld aʊt. ˈɔlsoʊ, wi ˈʤɛnərəli hæv ə greɪs ˈpɪriəd ˈivɪn fər ˈfiʧərz wɪr ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ɔn, soʊ ðət wi kən roʊl bæk ɪf ðə nid ərˈaɪzɪz. ˈjunɪt ənd ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən tɛsts bɪˈkəm mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt wɪn ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ən ˌɛkspoʊˈnɛnʃəl ˈnəmbər əv ˈfiʧər ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃənz æt ˈɛni ˈgɪvɪn taɪm. ðɪs kən lɛd tɪ ən ˈaʊtˌsaɪzd ˈvɑljum əv tɛst ˈkeɪsɪz, ə ˈprɑbləm wɪr stɪl ˈsɑlvɪŋ. wət naʊ? ˈfiʧər ˈflɪpɪŋ ɪz ɑr əˈproʊʧ tɪ ˈsɑlvɪŋ ˈsɛvərəl ˈprɑbləmz wi feɪs ɛz ɪkˈspændz. ˈmænəʤɪŋ ˈfiʧərz gɪvz ˈjuˈɛs kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ɪgˈzæktli wət ɑr ˈjuzərz si, ənd ɪz ˈpeɪvɪŋ ðə weɪ fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd əˈdæpt tɪ ɑr ˈjuzərz məʧ ˈfæstər ðən wɑz ˈpriviəsli ˈpɑsəbəl. bɪg ˈkəmpəˌniz ˈɔfən ˈɛksəˌkjut ðɪs əˈproʊʧ tɪ dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈsimləsli, waɪl mɔr əv ə ˈlərnɪŋ kərv fər smɔl tɪ ˈkəmpəˌniz. ɪn ɑr keɪs, stɪl ˈlərnɪŋ bət wɪr fɑr ɪˈnəf əˈlɔŋ tɪ bi ˈripɪŋ ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts. wɛr tɪ goʊ frəm hir? wi səˈʤɛst ju ɪkˈsplɔr ə fju ˈoʊpən sɔrs səˈluʃənz ðət dil wɪθ ˈfiʧərz:
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this post describes feature flipping, an approach to development that helps solve some of the issues associated with risk management and quality assurance when a fast moving development team expands.
continuous deployment in large teams
developers at 99designs use agile and lean startup methodologies, but as our development team gets bigger, deployments happen more frequently. this volume of change brings increased risk for the stability of our site. it can also be quite a challenge to measure the success of a single new feature on a rapidly changing website with multiple new features operating at any given time. in our earlier days we’d demo new features on a staging server, but as 99designs has grown, using several staging servers to demo all our new features at once has become clunky. so how do we solve these issues? feature flipping.
what is feature flipping?
feature flipping enables the ability to turn site features on or off on a per-user basis. you've probably encountered it before with companies like google or facebook when they're rolling out major changes. a few examples include the recent ui changes to google docs and google mail, and facebook's new timeline. our approach was inspired by our friends at learnable, and slots in well with the lean startup methodology of releasing minimum viable products, measuring, and adapting through fast feedback.
rolling out features incrementally gives companies the ability to ensure the appropriateness and stability of a feature. some companies make this visible to users via an opt in/out approach, but in our case we use this internally as an improved form of a/b testing. traditionally we would only a/b test on landing pages and static content, but feature flipping also allows us to experiment with pervasive site functionality.
how it works at 99
before running through our approach, let's first examine it from a developers perspective and from a site admin's perspective.
developers
as a developer, you create a new feature simply by registering it in a specific module in our codebase.
features . add ( name = 'raptors' , description = 'unleashes raptors over the site' )
now that we've defined our feature, it's available for use in a conditional statement, which you use to guard feature-specific code.
if feature ( 'raptors' ): unleash_raptors ()
boom! our raptors feature can now be toggled on or off for any user who interacts with our site.
do you like raptors? we like raptors!
to kick off an incremental roll out, a commit is required with a defined set of eligibility criteria a user must meet before the feature is enabled for them. for example, the user must be a designer and needs to have submitted a minimum of 5 entries.
feature ( 'raptors' ) . rollout ( role = 'designer' , min_entries = 5 )
of course, we make sure to test the new behaviour in addition to the old.
admin
99designs staff get a nice interface where they can turn on and off features for themselves or a specific user. here they can also view the progress of any experiments hanging off this feature. many of our stakeholders are located remotely; by giving them the power to enable features themselves, they can try these out in production and provide feedback. this removes the need for a dedicated staging environment for demoing.
enabling or disabling a feature is just a button click
under the hood
when we first considered how best to implement features, we recognized that every feature we introduced would require us to perform an additional user-feature check. this would clearly result in rapid growth of queries as we began checking features for every user on every page of our site.
for logged out users, we decide to to go with a cookie based solution. however, for logged-in users we wanted our user features to be persistent. we thought about using mysql, but based on redis benchmarks and its inbuilt sets data structure, going this route seemed an ideal solution. we decided to go with a combined cookie and redis approach to minimise the number of database lookups without impacting the performance of our site.
these two methods work well together. when a user logs into 99designs, cookie based features are synched up with redis by taking a simple union of features enabled and persisting the resulting set. this allows us to determine exactly who has what features as well as when a user obtained those features.
challenges
developing with a multi-version mindset is probably one of the most challenging parts of feature flipping. what was once a simple deployment requiring a migration now entails more thought to allow the old and new versions to function independently of one other.
deprecated code can start to accumulate when you start leaving code wrapped in feature checks. we try to curtail this as much as possible by coming back to clean up unused code paths once a feature has been fully rolled out. also, we generally have a grace period even for features we're decided on, so that we can roll back if the need arises.
unit and integration tests become more difficult when you’re working with an exponential number of feature combinations at any given time. this can lead to an outsized volume of test cases, a problem we're still solving.
what now?
feature flipping is our approach to solving several problems we face as 99designs expands. managing features gives us fine-grained control over exactly what our users see, and is paving the way for us to experiment and adapt to our users much faster than was previously possible.
big companies often execute this approach to development seamlessly, while there’s more of a learning curve for small to mid-sized companies. in our case, we’re still learning but we're far enough along to be reaping the benefits.
where to go from here? we suggest you explore a few open source solutions that deal with features:
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ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈlidərˌʃɪp fənd (clf*), ə ˈsupər pæk əˈlaɪnd wɪθ ðə haʊs ˈlidərˌʃɪp, ənˈveɪld ə æd kæmˈpeɪn əˈtækɪŋ ðə ˈnuli ˈmɪntɪd ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌnɑməˈni ɪn ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən. ðə æd nɑks mjuˈzɪʃən rɑb kwɪst, ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌnɑməˈni ˈrənɪŋ fər sɛk. raɪən ˈfɔrmər haʊs sit, fər biɪŋ əv tune”*” ənd liberal”*” fər mɑnˈtænə. ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ædz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkrɪtɪˌsaɪz ðə mɑnˈtænə ˈdɛməˌkræt fər səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈbəʤɪt kəts ənd haɪər ˈtæksɪz. ˈstɑrtɪŋ ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ, ðə spɑt wɪl rən ɔn ˈkeɪbəl ənd ˈbrɔdˌkæst ɪn ðə steɪt, ɛz wɛl ɛz ɔn ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈplætˌfɔrmz. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ˈtæksɪz, mɔr ˈspɛndɪŋ, ənd ɔn hɛlθ kɛr, rɑb kwɪst ɪz ˈsɪŋɪŋ ðə seɪm oʊld ˈlɪˌbərəl playbook,”*,” ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər ˈkɔri blɪs sɛd. hæv laɪnd əp bɪˈhaɪnd ə ˈkænədɪt ðeɪ noʊ ˈnəθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ənd wi lʊk ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ kwɪsts ˈbægɪʤ ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst ˈsɛvərəl weeks.”*.” kwɪst wɑz səˈlɛktɪd tɪ bɪˈkəm democrats’*’ ˈstændərdˈbɛrər ɔn ˈsənˌdi æt ðə ˈnɑməˌneɪtɪŋ kənˈvɛnʃən. hi naʊ ˈfeɪsɪz ən ˈəˈphɪl ˈbætəl ɪn ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ɪˈlɛkʃən, sɪns ðə ɪˈlɛktərət fər mɑnˈtænəz loʊn kənˈgrɛʃənəl sit hɪˈstɔrɪkəli ˈfeɪvərz rɪˈpəblɪkənz. sɪz ɪt hæd tu ædz priˈpɛrd praɪər tɪ ðə kənˈvɛnʃən tɪ ˈtərgət ˈiðər əv ðə tɔp tu ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈkænədɪts, kwɪst ər steɪt rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. əˈmændə ˈkərtɪs. rɪˈpəblɪkənz wɪl səˈlɛkt ðɛr ˌnɑməˈni æt ə ˈmənˌdeɪ naɪt kənˈvɛnʃən. ðə ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən ɪz ˈskɛʤʊld fər meɪ 25 ðɪs ðə fərst taɪm həz ˌɪnˈvɛstɪd ɪn ən ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən. ðə grup ˈɔlsoʊ lɔnʧt ə ˈmɪljən ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ənd ˈdɪʤɪtəl æd kæmˈpeɪn əˈgɛnst ˈdɛməˌkræt ʤɑn ɪn ðə ˈʤɔrʤə ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs hɛlθ ənd ˈjumən ˈsərvɪsɪz sɛk. tɑm praɪs. ðə ˈeɪprəl primary”*” həz rɪˈsivd ˈaʊtˌsaɪzd əˈtɛnʃən frəm rɪˈpəblɪkənz ənd ˈdɛməˌkræts əˈlaɪk. sɪns ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp ˈoʊnli wən ðə æˈtlæntə səˈbərbən ˈdɪstrɪkt baɪ 1 pɔɪnt, ˈdɛməˌkræts fil ɛmˈboʊldənd ðət ðeɪ kən ˈmoʊbəˌlaɪz ˈbæˌklæʃ ənd meɪk ə pleɪ fər ðə trəˈdɪʃənəli rɪˈpəblɪkən sit.
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the congressional leadership fund (clf), a super pac aligned with the house gop leadership, unveiled a $700,000 ad campaign attacking the newly minted democratic nominee in montana’s special election.
the ad knocks musician rob quist, the democratic nominee running for now-interior sec. ryan zinke’s former house seat, for being “out of tune” and “too liberal” for montana. the republican ads also criticize the montana democrat for supporting military budget cuts and higher taxes.
starting on monday, the spot will run on cable and broadcast in the state, as well as on digital platforms.
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“higher taxes, more spending, and doubling-down on government-run health care, rob quist is singing the same old liberal playbook,” clf executive director corry bliss said.
“democrats have lined up behind a candidate they know nothing about and we look forward to exposing quist's baggage over the next several weeks.”
quist was selected to become democrats’ standard-bearer on sunday at the party’s nominating convention. he now faces an uphill battle in the general election, since the electorate for montana's lone congressional seat historically favors republicans.
clf says it had two ads prepared prior to the convention to target either of the top two democratic candidates, quist or state rep. amanda curtis.
republicans will select their nominee at a monday night convention. the special election is scheduled for may 25.
this isn’t the first time clf has invested in an upcoming special election.
the group also launched a $1.1 million tv and digital ad campaign against democrat jon ossoff in the georgia special election to replace health and human services sec. tom price.
the april “jungle primary” has received outsized attention from republicans and democrats alike. since president trump only won the atlanta suburban district by 1 point, democrats feel emboldened that they can mobilize anti-trump backlash and make a play for the traditionally republican seat.
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rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ʤoʊ wɔlʃ, ˈdɛdˌbit dæd. ɛz ˈkɑŋgrəsmən ʤoʊ ˈwɔlʃɪz ˈligəl tim fər ə priˈtraɪəl ˈkɑnfərəns ɪn hɪz sut nɛkst wik, hɪz ˈpraɪˌmɛri ɪˈlɛkʃən əˈpoʊnənt, ˈkɑŋgrəsmən ˈrændi ˈhəltgrɛn, həz ˈteɪkən ə poʊl ðət əˈməŋ ˈəðər ˈɪʃuz, lʊks æt haʊ ˈwɔlʃɪz ˈpərsɪnəl pæst maɪt kɔst ɪm ˈplɪtɪkli. ðə poʊl, ðə fərst kənˈdəktəd baɪ ðə ˈtɑrəns grup fər ðə ˈhəltgrɛn kæmˈpeɪn, ˈsæmpəld ˈrɛzɪdənts əv ðə nu kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈdɪstrɪkt, ˈhəltgrɛn kæmˈpeɪn əˈfɪʃəlz sɛd. ˈæftər ˈhirɪŋ frəm kənˈstɪʧuənts ðət ðə poʊl kənˈteɪnd ə ˈnəmbər əv kˈwɛsʧənz ɔn ʧaɪld səˈpɔrt ənd hɪz ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl pæst, wɔlʃ ɪz ˈkɔlɪŋ ðə ˈɛfərt ə poll”*” ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl kæmˈpeɪn tɛkˈnik dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ ˈɪnfluəns ˈvoʊtərz baɪ dɪˈsɛməˌneɪtɪŋ ˈnɛgətɪv ənd fɔls ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd ˈɛvədəns əv ə ˈdərti kæmˈpeɪn. hi ˈreɪzɪz hɪz vɔɪs ənd kɔlz ˈɪntu kˈwɛʃən hu aɪ æm ɛz ə ˈfɑðər, aɪl pənʧ ɪm ɪn ðə feɪs, fɪˈgjʊrətɪvli speaking,”*,” sɛd wɔlʃ ðə ˈdeɪli ˈhɛrəld ˈsɪriəsli, gaɪ? ðə hoʊl ˈkəntri ɪz ˈkɔlɪŋ ˈɪntu kˈwɛʃən hu ju ər ɛz ə ˈfɑðər. hæv ju nɑt hərd ðə nuz? rɛd ðə blɔgz? sin ðə ˈpɪkʧərz əv ju wɪθ "ˈdɛdˌbit" ˈrɪtən ˈəndər ðɛm? (noʊ, ˈsɪriəsli, lʊk əp.) ɪf jʊr goʊɪŋ tɪ stɑrt ˈpənʧɪŋ ˈpipəl ɪn ðə feɪs, fɪˈgjʊrətɪvli ˈspikɪŋ, ðɛn fɪˈgjʊrətɪvli ˈspikɪŋ ju ər goʊɪŋ tɪ hæv ə ˈrɪli, ˈrɪli sɔr hænd ˈæftərwərdz. waɪl ðɪs ɪz ˈprɑbəˌbli ðə moʊst ˈmɑʧoʊ weɪ aɪv ˈɛvər sin ə rɪˈpəblɪkən pleɪ ðə ˈvɪktɪm kɑrd ("grr*! əm ˈæŋgri! ˈdɛdˌbit dæd smæʃ!"), ðə ˈsɪmpəl fækt rɪˈmeɪnz ðət ɪf rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ʤoʊ wɔlʃ wʊd ʤɪst peɪ hɪz ʧaɪld səˈpɔrt, ðɪs ˈwʊdənt bi ən ˈɪʃu. hi sɪz hi hæd ə ˈvərbəl əˈgrimənt wɪθ hɪz ˈɛksˈwaɪf ðət hi ˈwʊdənt bi peɪɪŋ seɪm ˈɛksˈwaɪf huz bɪn ˈrəðər ˈpəblɪkli traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt ɪm tɪ peɪ ɪt wʊd sim ʃi həz ə ˈrəðər ˈdɪfərənt ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ. hi həz jɛt tɪ ˈɔfər ˈɛni ˈəðər koʊˈhɪrənt ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən tɪ ðə ʤəʤ fər waɪ hi woʊnt peɪ. hi ˈrisəntli roʊt ə ʧɛk tɪ hɪz oʊn riɪˈlɛkʃən kæmˈpeɪn, soʊ aɪd seɪ ɪts nɑt ðət hi ˈdəzənt hæv ðə kæʃ. ɪf wɔlʃ wɔnts tɪ nɑt peɪ hɪz ʧaɪld səˈpɔrt, ðɛn "ˈfæməli ˈvæljuz ˈkɑŋgrəsmən kips ˈdɑʤɪŋ hɪz ʧaɪld səˈpɔrt ˈpeɪmənts" simz ə ˈpərfəktli ˈvælɪd nuz ˈaɪtəm. ɪts ˈivɪn ɔl raɪt tɪ brɪŋ ɪt əp ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv ɪgˈzæmpəl, tɪ seɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk "waɪl ʤoʊ wɔlʃ tɔks ˈbʊlˌʃɪt əˈbaʊt hɪz səˈpoʊzd ˈvæljuz æt ˈɛvəri ˌɑpərˈtunəti, hi woʊnt ˈivɪn səˈpɔrt hɪz oʊn kɪdz." ju wɔnt ˈpipəl tɪ stɑp ˈbrɪŋɪŋ əp haʊ ju woʊnt peɪ jʊr ʧaɪld səˈpɔrt? ðɛn peɪ jʊr dæm ʧaɪld səˈpɔrt ɔˈrɛdi. ˈʤæˌkæs.
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rep. joe walsh, deadbeat dad.
as congressman joe walsh's legal team preps for a pretrial conference in his child-support suit next week, his primary election opponent, congressman randy hultgren, has taken a poll that among other issues, looks at how walsh's personal past might cost him politically. the poll, the first conducted by the tarrance group for the hultgren campaign, sampled residents of the new 14th congressional district, hultgren campaign officials said. [...] after hearing from constituents that the poll contained a number of questions on child support and his financial past, walsh is calling the effort a “push poll” — a political campaign technique designed to influence voters by disseminating negative andlse information — and evidence of a dirty campaign. “if he raises his voice and calls into question who i am as ather, i'll punch him in thece, figuratively speaking,” said walsh [...]
the daily herald
seriously, guy? the whole country is calling into question who you are as ather. have you not heard the news? read the blogs? seen the pictures of you with "deadbeat" written under them? (no, seriously, look up.) if you're going to start punching people in thece, figuratively speaking, then figuratively speaking you are going to have a really, really sore hand afterwards.
while this is probably the most macho way i've ever seen a republican play the victim card ("grr! i'm angry! deadbeat dad smash!"), the simplect remains that if rep. joe walsh would just pay his court-ordered child support, this wouldn't be an issue. he says he had a verbal agreement with his ex-wife that he wouldn't be paying it—the same ex-wife who's been rather publicly trying to get him to pay it—so it would seem she has a rather different understanding. he has yet to offer any other coherent explanation to the judge for why he won't pay. he recently wrote a $35,000 check to his own reelection campaign, so i'd say it's not that he doesn't have the cash.
if walsh wants to not pay his child support, then "family values congressman keeps dodging his child support payments" seems a perfectly valid news item. it's even all right to bring it up in the context of campaigning—for example, to say something like "while joe walsh talks bullshit about his supposed values at every opportunity, he won't even support his own kids."
you want people to stop bringing up how you won't pay your child support? then pay your damn child support already. jackass.
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gerrard* skɔrz twaɪs ɛz ˈlɪvərˌpul əˈvɔɪd ˈəpˌsɛt ˈkæptənz fərst geɪm sɪns əˈnaʊnsɪŋ ˈsəmər ˈɛksət æt fɔlt fər ˈwɪmbəldən ˈlɪvərˌpul tɪ pleɪ ˈboʊltən ɪn fɔrθ raʊnd ˈstivən ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ðə kˈwɑləti ənd ˈlidərˌʃɪp ˈlɪvərˌpul wɪl mɪs wɪn hi livz ɛz hi ˌɪnˈspaɪərd ðɛm tɪ ən kəp ˈvɪktəri æt ˈwɪmbəldən., pleɪɪŋ hɪz fərst geɪm sɪns əˈnaʊnsɪŋ hi wʊd dɪˈpɑrt ɪn ðə ˈsəmər tɪ pleɪ ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ˈɪləˌstreɪtɪd ðə hoʊl hi wɪl liv bɪˈhaɪnd. ˈkæptən, hu wɪl ˈsɛləˌbreɪt hɪz ˈbərθˌdeɪ ɔn kəp ˈfaɪnəl deɪ ɔn 30 meɪ, ˈhɛdɪd ðɛm ɪn frənt, ðɛn keɪm tɪ ðɛr eɪd, ɛz hi həz dən soʊ ˈɔfən, wɪn ðeɪ sləmpt ˈɪntu ˈtrəbəl. ˈmidiə ˈpleɪˌbæk ɪz nɑt səˈpɔrtɪd ɔn ðɪs dɪˈvaɪs ˈstivən wɔnts tɪ goʊ 'ɔl ðə weɪ' ɪn kəp rɪˈvaɪvd ˈmɛməriz əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl kəp ˈfaɪnəl wɪn əˈgɛnst ˈlɪvərˌpul æt ˈwɛmbli ɪn 1988 ənˈtɪl stɛpt ɪn tɪ rɪˈstɔr ˈɔrdər wɪθ ə sʊˈpərb ˈtreɪdˌmɑrk ʤɪst ˈæftər ðə aʊər. ɪt hɛlpt tɪ ˈstɛdi ˈlɪvərˌpul, huz dɪˈfɛns hæd lʊkt ˈhɔrəbli ˈvəlnərəbəl ˈəndər ˈprɛʃər frəm nil saɪd, hu ər ɪn lig tu. ˌɪrəˈspɛktɪv əv ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm, ðɪs kəp naɪt wɑz ə ˈkrɛdɪt tɪ ðə riˈbərθ əv ˈwɪmbəldən, hu ˈstɑrtɪd laɪf ɪn ðə kəmˈbaɪnd ˈkaʊntiz lig ɪn 2002 ənd wɛnt θru faɪv pərˈmoʊʃənz ˌbiˈfɔr rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈfʊtˌbɔl lig ɪn 2011 bət ˈwɪmbəldən laɪk soʊ ˈmɛni timz ˌbiˈfɔr ðɛm sɪns meɪd hɪz ˈlɪvərˌpul ˈdeɪbju ɪn 1998 dɪˈskəvərd ðət ðɪs ɪz ðə pleɪər hu kən bi rɪˈlaɪd əˈpɑn tɪ hɛlp ðə rɛdz θru ˈmoʊmənts əv ædˈvərsɪˌti. ðɪs wɑz əˈnəðər ɪgˈzæmpəl ɛz hi tʊk hɪz ˈlɪvərˌpul ˈtæli tɪ 182 goʊlz ɪn 696 əˈpɪrənsəz fər ðə kləb. tʊk ðə əˈplɔz əv ðə ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ fænz, ˈweɪtɪŋ tɪ əˈkleɪm ɪm ˈfɑloʊɪŋ nuz əv hɪz ˌɪmˈpɛndɪŋ dɪˈpɑrʧər, ˌbiˈfɔr ðə geɪm ənd wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ kɑm ðɛr ˈərli nərvz wɪθ ə goʊl ˈæftər ʃɔn rɪg hæd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈgɪvɪn ˈwɪmbəldən ə ʃɑk lɛd wɪθ ə ʃɑt əˈkrɔs ðə feɪs əv goʊl. æˈnælɪsɪs "haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz hæv wi sɛd ˈstivən həz drægd ˈlɪvərˌpul baɪ ðə əv ðə nɛk? wɪˈθaʊt ə daʊt, hi wɑz mæn əv ðə mæʧ. hi gɪvz ˈlɪvərˌpul mɔr ðə ˈfərðər ˈfɔrwərd ju pʊʃ ɪm. hi noʊz wɛr tɪ goʊ ənd wət pəˈzɪʃənz tɪ teɪk əp." taɪmd hɪz ərˈaɪvəl ɪn ðə ˈɛriə ˈpərfəktli ɪn ðə ˈmɪnət tɪ mit ˌhɑviˈɛr krɔs ənd dɪˈrɛkt ə loʊ ˈhɛdər bɪɔnd ˈkipər ʤeɪmz ʃeɪ ˈɪntu ðə ˈbɑtəm ˈkɔrnər. ˈlɪvərˌpul ðɛn ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ə ˈpɪriəd əv ˈrɛlətɪv kənˈtroʊl bət, ɛz həz ˈhæpənd soʊ ˈɔfən ðɪs ˈsizən, ðeɪ wər ənˈdən baɪ ðə ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪti əv ðɛr dɪˈfɛns ənd ðə ənˈsərtənti əv ˈgoʊlˌkipər ˈsaɪmən. ðə ˈbɛlʤən dɪd wɛl tɪ tərn ˈoʊvər frəm 10 jɑrdz ɛz rɪg θˈrɛtənd əˈgɛn, bət ðə ˈwiknəs ɪn wɑz ɪkˈspoʊzd wɪn ə lɔŋ kɪk frəm ʃeɪ faʊnd ɪts weɪ θru tɪ ðə fit əv mæt təbz, hu pʊld ə pur ˈfɪnɪʃ əˈkrɔs ðə feɪs əv goʊl. ˈkɑnfədɛns ənd θrɛt wɑz groʊɪŋ ənd ɪt rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ən naɪn ˈmɪnəts ˌbiˈfɔr ðə breɪk. mɪst ʤɔrʤ ˈkɔrnər, ˈbəndəld ðə bɔl ˈɔntu hɪz oʊn bɑr ənd wɑz ðə fərst tɪ riækt tɪ poʊk ɪn frəm sɪks jɑrdz. ˈwɪmbəldən dɪˈzərvədli ˈlɛvəld ˈæftər ˈsaɪmən ˈleɪtəst ˈɛrər keɪm tɪ ˈrɛskju ɪn ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ ˈmoʊmənts əv ðə ˈsɛkənd hæf wɪn hi klɪrd ɔf ðə laɪn frəm ˈædəm ˈbɛrɪt ɛz ˈwɪmbəldən pɪkt əp wɛr ðeɪ hæd lɛft ɔf. ənd wɪn ˈlɪvərˌpul ˈnidɪd ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən æt ðə ˈəðər ɛnd, prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪt wɪθ ə kərld bɪɔnd ðə riʧ əv ðə dɪˈspɛrɪŋ ʃeɪ. wɑz dɪˈnaɪd ə baɪ ə ˈklɪrəns frəm ˈkæləm ˈkɛnədi ɛz ˈlɪvərˌpul sɪˈkjʊrd ə hoʊm taɪ əˈgɛnst ˈboʊltən ˈwɑndərərz ɪn ðə fɔrθ raʊnd. ˈwɪmbəldən ˈmænɪʤər nil ˈɑrdli: "ɪn ðə fərst 25 ˈmɪnəts wi lʊkt ˈnərvəs. ðeɪ tʊk mi tu ˈlɪtərəli əˈbaʊt ɑr ʃeɪp bət wɪn wi gru ɪn ðə geɪm ənd ɪn ˈkɑnfədɛns wi kɔzd ðɛm ˈprɑbləmz. "ɪn ðə fərst hæf, wi hæd ɔl əv ðə bɛst ˈʧænsɪz, bət ðeɪ hæv səm gʊd pleɪərz ɔn ðə ənd ɪn ðə læst 20 ˈmɪnəts wi ræn aʊt əv lɛgz ənd ðeɪ hæd ə lɔt əv ˈʧænsɪz. "aɪv toʊld ðə pleɪərz ðeɪ hæv dən ðə kləb praʊd bət ˈɔlsoʊ ðeɪ ʃʊd kɪk ðɛmˈsɛlvz bɪˈkəz wi ər ɪn ðə ˈbɪznɪs əv ˈwɪnɪŋ ənd nɑt biɪŋ gʊd ˈluzərz." ˈlɪvərˌpul bɔs ˈbrɛndən ˈrɑʤərz toʊld ˌbibiˈsi spɔrt: "ɪt wɑz ə ˈvɛri təf geɪm. kənˌgræʧəˈleɪʃənz tɪ ˈwɪmbəldən ðeɪ meɪd ɪt ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt. "wi ˈstɑrtɪd wɛl, kənˈtroʊlɪŋ ðə geɪm, bət ðɛn wi lɔst ɑr ʃæp ənd wi pərˈzɛnəd ðɛm ˈʧænsɪz baɪ ˈgɪvɪŋ ðə bɔl əˈweɪ. "wi əˈdæptɪd æt ˈhæfˌtaɪm bət wi stɪl hæd tɪ dɪˈfɛnd ɔl ðə weɪ θru tɪ ðə ɛnd. "ðə ˈɔlˌweɪz pʊts ju ˈəndər ˈprɛʃər ðeɪ hæv gʊd dɪˈlɪvəri. ðə bɔl keɪm ˈɪntu ðə bɑks kənˈsɪstəntli ənd əv kɔrs ðət kən bi ə θrɛt. jul ˈnɛvər bi ˈoʊvərli ˈkəmfərtəbəl ɪn ðoʊz ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz. "aɪv gɑt tɪ gɪv ə lɔt əv ˈtɛstəmənt tɪ maɪ pleɪərz ðeɪ ʃoʊd ə lɔt əv ˈkɛrɪktər. ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd hæf, wi ʃʊd hæv hæd tu ər θri mɔr goʊlz. wɔʧ ˈɛvəri kəp goʊl klɪk hir tɪ faɪnd ˈhaɪˌlaɪts frəm ˈɛvəri geɪm ˈstivən, hu wɑz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ bi ɔn ðə bɛnʧ, ˈhɛdɪd ən ˈərli ˈoʊpənər goʊl wɑz skɔrd baɪ kəlt ˈfɪgjər, ə ˈlɪvərˌpul fæn ðɛr wɑz ə ˈpɑrti ˈætməsˌfɪr fər ˈwɪmbəldən, hu wər fɔrmd wɪn ðə oʊld kləb muvd tɪ ˈmɪltən keɪnz skɔrd ðə ˈwɪnər wɪθ ə ˈæftər ˈbɛri ˈfʊlər faʊld fɪˈlipeɪ
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gerrard scores twice as liverpool avoid upset
captain's first game since announcing summer exit
mignolet at fault for afc wimbledon equaliser
liverpool to play bolton in fourth round
steven gerrard demonstrated the quality and leadership liverpool will miss when he leaves anfield as he inspired them to an fa cup third-round victory at afc wimbledon.
gerrard, playing his first game since announcing he would depart in the summer to play in the united states, illustrated the hole he will leave behind.
liverpool's captain, who will celebrate his birthday on fa cup final day on 30 may, headed them in front, then came to their aid, as he has done so often, when they slumped into trouble.
media playback is not supported on this device liverpool's steven gerrard wants to go 'all the way' in fa cup
adebayo akinfenwa's equaliser revived memories of the original wimbledon's fa cup final win against liverpool at wembley in 1988 - until gerrard stepped in to restore order with a superb trademark free-kick just after the hour.
it helped to steady liverpool, whose defence had looked horribly vulnerable under pressure from neal ardley's side, who are 12th in league two.
irrespective of the outcome, this fa cup night was a credit to the rebirth of afc wimbledon, who started life in the combined counties league in 2002 and went through five promotions before returning to the football league in 2011.
but afc wimbledon - like so many teams before them since gerrard made his liverpool debut in 1998 - discovered that this is the player who can be relied upon to help the reds through moments of adversity.
this was another example as he took his liverpool tally to 182 goals in 696 appearances for the club.
gerrard took the applause of the visiting fans, waiting to acclaim him following news of his impending departure, before the game and was able to calm their early nerves with a goal after sean rigg had almost given afc wimbledon a shock lead with a shot across the face of goal.
analysis "how many times have we said steven gerrard has dragged liverpool by the scruff of the neck? without a doubt, he was man of the match. he gives liverpool more the further forward you push him. he knows where to go and what positions to take up."
gerrard timed his arrival in the area perfectly in the 12th minute to meet javier manquillo's cross and direct a low header beyond keeper james shea into the bottom corner.
liverpool then enjoyed a period of relative control but, as has happened so often this season, they were undone by the vulnerability of their defence and the uncertainty of goalkeeper simon mignolet.
the belgian did well to turn over from 10 yards as rigg threatened again, but the weakness in liverpool's rearguard was exposed when a long kick from shea found its way through to the feet of matt tubbs, who pulled a poor finish across the face of goal.
afc wimbledon's confidence and threat was growing and it resulted in an equaliser nine minutes before the break.
mignolet missed george francomb's corner, mamadou sakho bundled the ball onto his own bar and akinfenwa was the first to react to poke in from six yards.
afc wimbledon deservedly levelled after simon mignolet's latest goalkeeping error
gerrard came to liverpool's rescue in the opening moments of the second half when he cleared off the line from adam barrett as afc wimbledon picked up where they had left off.
and when liverpool needed inspiration at the other end, gerrard provided it with a free-kick curled beyond the reach of the despairing shea.
gerrard was denied a hat-trick by a stoppage-time goalline clearance from callum kennedy as liverpool secured a home tie against bolton wanderers in the fourth round.
afc wimbledon manager neal ardley: "in the first 25 minutes we looked nervous. they took me too literally about our shape but when we grew in the game and in confidence we caused them problems.
"in the first half, we had all of the best chances, but they have some good players on the counter-attack and in the last 20 minutes we ran out of legs and they had a lot of chances.
"i've told the players they have done the club proud but also they should kick themselves because we are in the business of winning and not being good losers."
liverpool boss brendan rodgers told bbc sport: "it was a very tough game. congratulations to afc wimbledon - they made it very difficult.
"we started well, controlling the game, but then we lost our shap and we presented them chances by giving the ball away.
"we adapted at half-time but we still had to defend all the way through to the end.
"the physicality always puts you under pressure - they have good delivery. the ball came into the box consistently and of course that can be a threat. you'll never be overly comfortable in those situations.
"i've got to give a lot of testament to my players - they showed a lot of character. in the second half, we should have had two or three more goals.
watch every fa cup goal click here to find highlights from every game
steven gerrard, who was expected to be on the bench, headed an early opener
afc wimbledon's goal was scored by cult figure adebayo akinfenwa, a liverpool fan
there was a party atmosphere for afc wimbledon, who were formed when the old club moved to milton keynes
gerrard scored the winner with a free-kick after barry fuller fouled philippe coutinho
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ðɪs jɪrz ˈɪʃu əv 'ɛs ˈwikli ʤəmp rɪˈvild ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ ðət ˈbərˌnaʊt ˈsɪnˌdroʊmz ənd ˈnikoʊ ˈtəʧɪz ðə wɔlz wɪl pərˈfɔrm ðə θim sɔŋz fər haikyu*!! kōkō*ō ˈvərsəz kōkō*ō (haikyu*!! haɪ ˈvərsəz əˈkædəmi), ðə θərd ˈsizən beɪst ɔn 'ɛs haikyu*!! ˈvɑliˌbɔl ˈmæŋgə. ˈbərˌnaʊt ˈsɪnˌdroʊmz ɪz pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ θim sɔŋ "hikariare*," ənd ˈnikoʊ ˈtəʧɪz ðə wɔlz ɪz pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ðə ˈɛndɪŋ θim sɔŋ mashi*." ˈbərˌnaʊt ˈsɪnˌdroʊmz ˈpriviəsli pərˈfɔrmd ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈoʊpənɪŋ θim sɔŋ fər ðə haikyu*!! ˈsɛkənd ˈsizən ˈsɪriz. ˈnikoʊ ˈtəʧɪz ðə wɔlz ˈpriviəsli pərˈfɔrmd θim sɔŋz fər ðə hɪˈroʊɪk ˈlɛʤənd əv ˈælkɛˌmɪst: ˈbrəðərˌhʊd ˈkæptən ərθ ənd si kənˈtroʊl ðə ˈməni ənd soʊl əv ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈɛndɪŋ θim sɔŋ fər ðə fərst ˈsizən əv haikyu*!! ðə ˈɪʃu ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈvild ə nu ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən əv ðə əˈkædəmi tim ɪn ˈjunəˌfɔrm. ðə ˈɪʃu əv ðə ˈmægəˌzin hæd rɪˈvild ðə kæst fər ðə tim ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ: ðə wɪl prɛˈmɪr ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər. ðə stæf ɪz rɪˈtərnɪŋ frəm ðə fərst tu ˈsizənz. ˌsuˈsumu ɪz əˈgɛn dɪˈrɛktɪŋ ðə ˈsɪriz æt pərˈdəkʃən wɪθ əˈsɪstənt dɪˈrɛktər ˌɪˌʃiˈkɑˌwɑ ˈtɑˌku ɪz ˈhændəlɪŋ ˈsɪriz ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən ənd ɪz dɪˈzaɪnɪŋ ðə ˈkɛrɪktərz. ɪz ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ˈʧibə ɛz ə ʧif ˌænəˈmeɪʃən dɪˈrɛktər. ɪz ˈsərvɪŋ ɛz saʊnd dɪˈrɛktər ənd hɑˈjɑʃi ənd ər kəmˈpoʊzɪŋ ðə mˈjuzɪk. ðə fərst ˈsizən prɛˈmɪrd ɪn ˈeɪprəl 2014 ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsizən prɛˈmɪrd ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 2015 həz ˈlaɪsənst ənd riˈlist ðə fərst ˈsizən ɔn hoʊm ˈvɪdioʊ, ənd həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlaɪsənst ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsizən. strimd boʊθ ˈsizənz ɛz ðeɪ ɛrd. ðə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈsivd tu ˌkɑmpəˈleɪʃən fɪlmz læst ˌʤuˈlaɪ ənd sɛpˈtɛmbər. ˈmidiə ˈpəblɪʃt ðə fərst ˈvɑljum əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈmæŋgə ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 5 ˈəpˌdeɪt: ˈædɪd ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən. [ˈviə ˈkɑmɪk ˈnætəli]
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this year's 35th issue of shueisha 's weekly shonen jump revealed on monday that burnout syndromes and nico touches the walls will perform the theme songs for haikyu!! karasuno kōkō vs shiratorizawa gakuen kōkō (haikyu!! karasuno high vs shiratorizawa academy), the third anime season based on haruichi furudate 's haikyu!! volleyball manga. burnout syndromes is performing the opening theme song "hikariare," and nico touches the walls is performing the ending theme song "mashi mashi."
burnout syndromes previously performed the second opening theme song for the haikyu!! second season series. nico touches the walls previously performed theme songs for the heroic legend of arslan , naruto shippūden , fullmetal alchemist: brotherhood , captain earth , and c – control – the money and soul of possibility , as well as the ending theme song for the first season of haikyu!! .
the 35th issue also revealed a new illustration of the shiratorizawa academy team in uniform.
the 33rd issue of the magazine had revealed the cast for the team earlier this month:
the anime will premiere in october.
the staff is returning from the first two seasons. susumu mitsunaka is again directing the series at production i.g with assistant director mariko ishikawa . taku kishimoto is handling series composition and takahiro kishida is designing the characters. yuuko yahiro is joining takahiro chiba as a chief animation director. hiromi kikuta is serving as sound director and yuuki hayashi and asami tachibana are composing the music.
the first anime season premiered in april 2014. the second season premiered in october 2015. sentai filmworks has licensed and released the first season on home video, and has also licensed the second season. crunchyroll streamed both seasons as they aired.
the anime franchise also received two compilation anime films last july and september.
viz media published the first volume of the original manga in north america on july 5.
update: added illustration. [via comic natalie]
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ˈrɔɪtərz ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə sɛd ˈdɑnəld trəmp wɑz "ðə ˈklæsɪk ˌriˈæləˌti ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈkɛrɪktər" hu hæd tæpt ˈɪntu ˈsəmθɪŋ ril ɪn ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti bət wɑz ənˈlaɪkli tɪ ɛnd əp ɛz ˈprɛzɪdənt. "hi ɪz ə greɪt ənd æt ə taɪm wɪn ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti ˈhæzənt ˈrɪli ˈfɪgjərd aʊt wət ɪts fər ɛz əˈpoʊzd tɪ wət ɪts əˈgɛnst," ˌoʊˈbɑmə sɛd əv trəmp ˈdʊrɪŋ ən ˈɪntərvˌju ɔn ˈsiˌbiˌɛs' 60 ˈmɪnəts" ˈproʊˌgræm ˈɛrɪŋ ɔn ˈsənˌdi naɪt. əˈpɪnjən poʊlz pʊt trəmp æt ðə frənt əv ə ˈkraʊdɪd rɪˈpəblɪkən fild ˈsikɪŋ ðə ˈpɑrtiz ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən fər ðə noʊˈvɛmbər 2016 ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən. ðə ˌbɪljəˈnɛr ril ɛˈsteɪt ˈmoʊgəl ənd ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ˌpərsəˈnælɪti həz əraʊzd ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi wɪθ hɪz proʊˈvɑkətɪv rɪˈmɑrks ɔn ˌɪˈligəl ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən. hi həz ˈprɑməst tɪ bɪld ə wɔl ɔn ðə ˈbɔrdər ənd tɪ dɪˈpɔrt ðə ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd 11 ˈmɪljən ˌɪˈligəl ˈɪməgrənts ɔˈrɛdi ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ˌoʊˈbɑmə sɛd trəmp hæd tæpt ˈɪntu ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət "ɪgˈzɪsts ɪn ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti ðæts ril. aɪ θɪŋk ðɛr ɪz ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪn ˈsɛnəmənt ɪn ðə lɑrʤ ˈpɔrʃən əv æt list rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈvoʊtərz." "hi ɪz, ju noʊ, ðə ˈklæsɪk ˌriˈæləˌti ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈkɛrɪktər," ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈprɛzɪdənt sɛd, ˈædɪŋ ɪt wɑz nɑt səˈpraɪzɪŋ trəmp hæd rɪˈsivd ə lɔt əv əˈtɛnʃən ɪn ðə kæmˈpeɪnz ˈərli ˈsteɪʤɪz. æst ɪf hi θɔt trəmp wʊd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˌdɪsəˈpɪr frəm ðə reɪs, ˌoʊˈbɑmə rɪˈplaɪd: "aɪl liv ɪt əp tɪ ðə ˈpəndɪts tɪ meɪk ðət dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən. aɪ doʊnt θɪŋk hil ɛnd əp biɪŋ ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts." kip ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd: saɪn əp tɪ ɑr ˈnuzˌlɛtər iˈmeɪl pliz ˈɛnər ə ˈvælɪd iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs saɪn əp pliz wait…*… θæŋk ju fər ˈsaɪnɪŋ əp. wiv gɑt mɔr ˈnuzˌlɛtərz wi θɪŋk jul faɪnd ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ. klɪk hir ups. ˈsəmθɪŋ wɛnt rɔŋ. pliz traɪ əˈgɛn ˈleɪtər. traɪ əˈgɛn θæŋk ju, ðə iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs ju hæv prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪz ɔˈrɛdi ˈrɛʤɪstərd. kloʊz ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈɔlsoʊ sɛd ɪn ðə ˈɪntərvˌju ðət hi dɪd nɑt noʊ əˈbaʊt ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈkænədɪt ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntənz juz əv ə ˈpraɪvət iˈmeɪl ˈsərvər waɪl ʃi wɑz hɪz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt bət ðət ɪt dɪd nɑt poʊz ə ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈprɑbləm. "ʃi meɪd ə mɪˈsteɪk. ʃi həz ækˈnɑlɪʤd ɪt," hi sɛd. "aɪ du θɪŋk ðət ðə weɪ ɪts bɪn ʤɪnd əp ɪz ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz əv ˈpɑləˌtɪks. ənd aɪ θɪŋk ʃid bi ðə fərst tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðət ˈmeɪbi ʃi kʊd hæv ˈhændəld ðə ərˈɪʤənəl dɪˈsɪʒən ˈbɛtər ənd ðə dɪˈskloʊʒərz mɔr kˈwɪkli." dɪˈskəsɪŋ ʤoʊ ˈpɑsəbəl ˈɛntri ˈɪntu ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk reɪs, ˌoʊˈbɑmə kɔld ɪm wən əv ðə ˈfaɪnəst vaɪs ˈprɛzɪˌdɛnts ˈɛvər ənd sɛd: "ɪf jʊr ˈsɪtɪŋ raɪt nɛkst tɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪn ˈɛvəri ˈmitɪŋ ənd ˈrɛsəlɪŋ wɪθ ðiz ˈɪʃuz, əm ʃʊr ðət fər ɪm hiz seɪɪŋ tɪ hɪmˈsɛlf: 'aɪ kʊd du ə ˈrɪli gʊd ʤɑb.'" æst ɪf hi θɔt hi hɪmˈsɛlf kʊd bi ɪf nɑt ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəli bɑrd frəm ə θərd tərm, ˌoʊˈbɑmə rɪˈplaɪd: "jɛs."
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reuters - president barack obama said donald trump was "the classic reality tv character" who had tapped into something real in the republican party but was unlikely to end up as president.
"he is a great publicity-seeker - and at a time when the republican party hasn't really figured out what it's for as opposed to what it's against," obama said of trump during an interview on cbs' "60 minutes" program airing on sunday night.
opinion polls put trump at the front of a crowded republican field seeking the party's nomination for the november 2016 presidential election.
the billionaire real estate mogul and television personality has aroused controversy with his provocative remarks on illegal immigration. he has promised to build a wall on the u.s.-mexico border and to deport the estimated 11 million illegal immigrants already in the united states.
obama said trump had tapped into something that "exists in the republican party that's real. i think there is genuine anti-immigrant sentiment in the large portion of at least republican primary voters."
"he is, you know, the classic reality tv character," the democratic president said, adding it was not surprising trump had received a lot of attention in the campaign's early stages.
asked if he thought trump would eventually disappear from the race, obama replied: "i'll leave it up to the pundits to make that determination. i don't think he'll end up being president of the united states."
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obama also said in the interview that he did not know about democratic presidential candidate hillary clinton's use of a private email server while she was his secretary of state but that it did not pose a national security problem.
"she made a mistake. she has acknowledged it," he said.
"i do think that the way it's been ginned up is in part because of politics. and i think she'd be the first to acknowledge that maybe she could have handled the original decision better and the disclosures more quickly."
discussing joe biden's possible entry into the democratic race, obama called him one of the finest vice presidents ever and said: "if you're sitting right next to the president in every meeting and ... wrestling with these issues, i'm sure that for him he's saying to himself: 'i could do a really good job.'"
asked if he thought he himself could be re-elected if not constitutionally barred from a third term, obama replied: "yes."
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ˈkəvərɪʤ baɪ ɔn ““moonshot”*” ˈsɛʃən baɪ æt əv ɔn meɪ 2017 rəˈhul nɑˈrɑjɑn ˈstɑrtɪd hɪz ˈʤərni əv sɪks jɪrz əˈgoʊ ɛz ðə læst ˈæplɪkənt əv ˈlunər ˈkɑntɛst. rəˈhul ɪz ðə ˈdeɪvɪd əv ðɪs gəˈlaɪəθ tæsk əv ˈlændɪŋ ə ˈroʊvər ɔn ðə mun. hi ɪz ðə seɪm ˈmɑdəst ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ðət aɪ mɛt ɪn 2015 ˈivɪn ðoʊ naʊ hi gɑt ˈmɪljənz ɪn ˈfəndɪŋ fər hɪz mun ˈmɪʃən ənd həz ə 140 ˈmɛmbər tim. hɪz pərˈsut əv ɪz ɔn weɪ ɪts kɔrs tɪ meɪk ˈpraɪvət ˈɪndiə ʃaɪn ɔn ðə ˈgloʊbəl mæp tɪ əˈʧiv ə fit ðət ˈoʊnli θri ˈkəntriz hæv dən soʊ fɑr. noʊ ˈpraɪvət ˈkəmpəˌni həz ˈɛvər ˈlændɪd ə ˈpraɪvət ˈspeɪˌskræft ɔn ðə mun. ɪz hɪz ˈpipəl ˈpɑrtnər ɪn ðə ˈmɪʃən. hər ˈpæʃən fər ðə ˈmɪʃən ɪz ˈvɪzəbəl ɪn hər tɔk. rəˈhul nɑˈrɑjɑn aɪ æm ðə ˈfaʊndər əv tim ˈɪndəs ðət wi ˈfaʊndɪd 6 jɪrz əˈgoʊ, tim ˈɪndəs ɪz flaɪɪŋ ə ˈpraɪvətli ˈfəndɪd ˈspeɪˌskræft tɪ ðə mun ɪn dɛk 17 ˈgugəl keɪm əp wɪθ ðə ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən wɪθ tu rulz ɪn 2007 rul meɪk ðə ˈroʊvər lænd ənd muv 500 ˈmitərz ɔn mun rul du ɪt wɪθ ˈpraɪvət fənd ðɛr ər ˈoʊnli θri ˈkəntriz ðət ˈlændɪd ɔn mun: ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ, ˈrəʃə ənd ˈʧaɪnə. wi bɪˈliv ðə bɛst weɪ tɪ ˌɪnˈspaɪr ʧeɪnʤ ɪz tɪ kriˈeɪt səˈluʃənz ðət teɪk ɔn ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈʧælənʤɪz fər ˈmænˈkaɪnd. ɑr ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən ɪz tɪ bi ðət ʧeɪnʤ. wi ˈstɑrtɪd ɛz 5 ˈpipəl bət wi ər 140 naʊ. ˈsikrɪt sɔs 12 rɪˈtaɪrd ˈsaɪəntɪsts mɪkst wɪθ ˈvɛri jəŋ tim. ˈgəvərnmənts wɪθ ˈmæsɪv ˈrisɔrsɪz kən du ə ˈmɪʃən laɪk ðɪs æt iz. bət, ə ˈpraɪvət ˈkəmpəˌni laɪk ˈjuˈɛs hæd noʊ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ səʧ ˈrisɔrsɪz. ˈroʊvər ˈɛkə (ˈiˈkeɪ si ˈɑʃə) hir ɪz ˈvərʒən 4 əv ðə ˈroʊvər. wi hæv ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən 6 ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp ˈrɛdi baɪ ʤun ənd ðət ɪz ðə wən wi wɪl flaɪ. ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn beɪst ˌɪnˈsɪnɪvz: wi bɪld ə ˈwərkɪŋ ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp ðət ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈʤʊri əv ˈsaɪəntɪsts rivˈjud ənd əˈwɔrdɪd ˈjuˈɛs ə ˈmɪljən. frɛnʧ ˈkəmpəˌni wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs ənd prəˈvaɪdɪd ðɛr ˈkæmərə tɛkˈnɑləʤi. 30 timz ˈrɛʤɪstərd fər ðə ˈgugəl ˈlunər əˈnaʊnst ɪn 2007 moʊst əv ðɛm ər frəm ˈjuˈɛs ənd ˈjʊrəp. naʊ wi ər lɛft wɪθ 5 timz. wən frəm ʤəˈpæn, wən frəm ˈɪndiə, wən frəm ˈɪzriəl ənd tu frəm ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ. ˈroʊˌbət fɪts ˈɪntu ðə noʊz əv pslv*. ˈivɪn ˌʤæpəˈniz tim ɪz flaɪɪŋ ðə ˈroʊˌbət wɪθ ɑr ˈsætəˌlaɪt lɔnʧ ˈviɪkəl. ˈspeɪˌskræft ðə ˈroʊvər ɪz meɪd wɪθ əˈlumənəm ənd ɪz 9 fit waɪd. mæs ənd ˈvɑljum ər ˈɔlˌweɪz ə ˈprɑbləm. ˈkələrz ɪn ðə ˈpɪkʧər ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ˈpeɪˌloʊd. 3 ˈæksəs ˈsteɪbəˌlaɪzər hɛlps tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ðə ˌɔriɛnˈteɪʃən. tɔp vju ʃoʊz tæŋks fjuəl ənd oxidiser*. ˈsɛntrəl pɑrt ɪz ðə ˈɪnʤən. ðə ˈʤərni ˈdɪstəns bɪtˈwin ərθ ənd mun ɪz 3 km*. wi tʊk fjuəl ˈɑptɪməm trəˈʤɛktəri ðət wɪl teɪk deɪz fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ lænd ɔn ðə mun, lɔnʧ ˈviɪkəl livz ˈjuˈɛs æt ðə əv ˈɔrbət. ðɛn wi muv ɪt tɪ ˈsɛkənd ˈɔrbət. ðɛn wi lɛt ɪt teɪk ɔf tɪ mun ənd riʧ wɪˈθɪn 100 ˈkɪləˌmitərz əv mun, ˈoʊvər 4 məˈnuvərz, wi loʊər ənd brɪŋ ðə ˈroʊvər kloʊz ɪˈnəf tɪ ðə ˈsərfəs fər ən ˈəˌpraɪt ˈlændɪŋ. wəns wi ər nɪr ðə mun, wi weɪt fər 4 deɪz fər ˈsənˌlaɪt tɪ əˈpɪr ɔn ðət pɑrt əv ðə mun ɛz wi juz ˈvɪʒəwəl ˈsɛnsərz ðət nid laɪt. wi nid dip speɪs ˈnɛtˌwərk ənd ˈgoʊldˌstoʊn). ˈmaɪlˌstoʊnz kju) jʊr ˈbəʤɪt fər ðɪs ˈprɑʤɛkt? ɪt kɔsts ˈjuˈɛs tɪ du ɪt. wi reɪzd 40 əv ɑr ˈbəʤɪt tɪl naʊ. kju) waɪ dɪd ju lɛt jʊr kəmˈpɛtɪtər frəm ʤəˈpæn juz jʊr ˈspeɪˌskræft? wi prəˈvaɪdɪd ðɪs ɛz ˈsərvɪs tɪ ˌʤæpəˈniz tim soʊ wi kən ˈfaɪˌnæns səm kɔst əv ɑr ˈprɑʤɛkt. kju) ɪz ˈlændɪŋ saɪt ɔn ðə dɑrk saɪd əv ðə mun? noʊ. ɪt rikˈwaɪərz ˈjuˈɛs ən ˈɔrbətər tɪ kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt wɪθ ərθ ɪf wi lænd ɔn dɑrk saɪd. kju) ɪz ðɪs ɪgˈzækt ˈrɛplɪkə əv ðə ˈroʊvər ju wɪl bi ˈsɛndɪŋ? wi gɑt ə ˈprɪnɪd ˈroʊvər hir. ðə ril wən ɪz meɪd wɪθ əˈlumənəm. wi kʊd brɪŋ, ˈɛrbəs ənd ˈænəˌlɔg dɪˈvaɪsɪz ɔn bɔrd. ðɪs ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz ə həg ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn. cag*: wi wɛnt θru ən ˈɔdɪt tɪ gɪt ə ˈkɑnˌtrækt frəm ɪn taɪm. ɑr ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ɪz beɪst ɔn juˈtɪləti ənd fruˈgæləti kju) wət ɪz ðə neɪm əv ðə ˈrɪvər? neɪm əv ðə ˈroʊvər (ˈiˈkeɪ seɪ aasa*) kju) haʊ du ju meɪk ðɪs ˈɪntu məˈʃin? ˈʧælənʤd jɪr oʊld tɪ kəm əp wɪθ ən ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd wi gɑt 8 ˈɛntriz aʊt əv 3000 ɔl əv ðiz 8 ɪkˈspɛrəmənts goʊ wɪθ ɑr ˈmɪʃən tɪ mun fər ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ðeɪ ʧoʊz tɪ du. tim əv θri haɪ skul ˈstudənts əv pəru keɪm əp wɪθ ə ˈbrɪljənt ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd wi wɪl sɛnd ɪt tɪ mun. səˈlɛkt sɛt əv 500 ˈstudənts keɪm tɪ ɑr ˈɔfəs fər 4 deɪ ˈtreɪnɪŋ. wi ˈɔfər foʊks tɪ kəm ənd ˈɪntərn wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs fər ə mənθ. wi lɛt ˈpipəl si ðə tɛsts. wi ər goʊɪŋ tɪ lɛt 50 ˈpipəl tɪ gɪt pɑrt əv ðə ˈmɪʃən kənˈtroʊl. ˈælgərˌɪðəm pɪks. kju) wət ɪz ɪn ɪt fər ju? ˈɛroʊˌspeɪs ɛz ˈgloʊbəl ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ækˈtɪvɪti ənd wi si ɑrˈsɛlvz ɛz pɑrt əv ðət ˈɪndəstri. kju) ər ju ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ bæk? ˈoʊnli ˈdætə. wi liv ɑr ˈlunər kjub ðɛr. ˈnəθɪŋ wɪl kəm bæk tɪ ərθ.
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coverage by bhat@variance.ai on “moonshot” session by teamindus at utsah of iiith on 20th may 2017
rahul narayan started his journey of moonshot six years ago as the last applicant of google’s lunar xprize contest. rahul is the david of this goliath task of landing a rover on the moon. he is the same modest individual that i met in tiecon 2015, even though now he got millions in funding for his moon mission and has a 140 member team.
his pursuit of moonshot is on way its course to make private india shine on the global map to achieve a feat that only three countries have done so far. no private company has ever landed a private spacecraft on the moon.
shilika ravisankar is his people partner in the mission. her passion for the mission is visible in her talk.
rahul narayan
i am the founder of team indus that we founded 6 years ago, team indus is flying a privately funded spacecraft to the moon in dec 17. google came up with the competition with two rules in 2007.
rule : make the rover land and move 500 meters on moon
rule : do it with private fund
there are only three countries that landed on moon: usa, russia and china.
we believe the best way to inspire change is to create path-breaking solutions that take on critical challenges for mankind. our inspiration is to be that change.
we started as 5 people but we are 140 now.
secret sauce : 12 retired isro scientists mixed with very young team.
governments with massive resources can do a mission like this at ease. but, a private company like us had no access to such resources.
rover eka (ek choti si asha)
here is version 4 of the rover. we have generation 6 prototype ready by june and that is the one we will fly.
milestone based incentives:
we build a working prototype that an independent jury of scientists reviewed and awarded us a million. french company partnered with us and provided their camera technology.
30 teams registered for the google lunar xprize announced in 2007. most of them are from us and europe. now we are left with 5 teams. one from japan, one from india, one from israel and two from usa.
robot fits into the nose of pslv. even japanese team is flying the robot with our satellite launch vehicle.
spacecraft
the rover is made with aluminum and is 9 feet wide. mass and volume are always a problem. colors in the picture indicate payload. 3 axis stabilizer helps to maintain the orientation. top view shows tanks fuel and oxidiser. central part is the engine.
the journey
distance between earth and moon is 3 lakhs km. we took fuel optimum trajectory that will take 22-36 days for us to land on the moon,
launch vehicle leaves us at the perigee of earth’s orbit. then we move it to second orbit. then we let it take off to moon and reach within 100 kilometers of moon, over 4 maneuvers, we lower and bring the rover close enough to the surface for an upright landing.
once we are near the moon, we wait for 4 days for sunlight to appear on that part of the moon as we use visual sensors that need light.
we need deep space network (buylalu and goldstone).
milestones
q) your budget for this project?
teamindus : it costs us rs.500 crore to do it. we raised 40% of our budget till now.
q) why did you let your competitor from japan use your spacecraft?
teamindus : we provided this as service to japanese team so we can finance some cost of our project.
q) is landing site on the dark side of the moon?
teamindus : no. it requires us an orbiter to communicate with earth if we land on dark side.
q) is this exact replica of the rover you will be sending?
teamindus : we got a 3d printed rover here. the real one is made with aluminum.
we could bring isro, airbus and analog devices on board. this itself is a hug milestone.
cag: we went through an audit to get a contract from isro in time.
our engineering is based on utility and frugality .
q) what is the name of the river?
teamindus : name of the rover eca (ek choti se aasa)
q) how do you make this into everyone’s machine?
teamindus : challenged 12-25 year old to come up with an experiment and we got 8 entries out of 3000. all of these 8 experiments go with our mission to moon for whatever experiment they chose to do.
team of three high school students of peru came up with a brilliant experiment and we will send it to moon. select set of 500 students came to our office for 4 day training. we offer folks to come and intern with us for a month. we let people see the tests.
we are going to let 50 people to get part of the mission control. algorithm picks.
q) what is in it for you?
teamindus : aerospace as global engineering activity and we see ourselves as part of that industry.
q) are you bringing anything back?
teamindus : only data. we leave our lunar cube there. nothing will come back to earth.
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ɔn mɑrʧ 10 ˈnɪrli 250 ˈtiʧərz ənd stæf hu sərv ðə moʊst ˈtrəbəld ˈstudənts ˈgæðərd fər ə taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ ˌɪnˈsaɪd ə ˈmuvi ˈθieɪtər æt ðə ˈmɪʃən ˈvæli ˈhæzərd ˈsɛnər. ðeɪ wər priˈpɛrd tɪ ɛr ðɛr ˈwərkˌpleɪs ˈgrivənsɪz ənd gɪt ˈænsərz, bət wət keɪm tɪ pæs ˌɪnˈstɛd wɑz ə ˈpɑrti. ɪmˈplɔɪiz əv ðə sæn diˈeɪgoʊ ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ɪn əˈtɛndəns ɔl rɪˈsivd 100 ˈvaʊʧərz fər juz æt ðə ˈnɪrˈbaɪ bɑrnz ˈnoʊbəl ər ˈleɪkˌʃɔr ˈlərnɪŋ stɔrz. ðə kæʧ: ðə ˈməni hæd tɪ bi spɛnt ɔn ðə spɑt, ðət seɪm deɪ, ˌbiˈfɔr 8 p.m*. ˈsɛvərəl ˈtiʧərz hu wər ˈprɛzənt sɛd ðeɪ wər toʊld ðeɪ kʊd steɪ fər ðə plænd kˈwɛʃən ənd ˈænsər ˈsɛʃən ər wɪθ jʊr feet,”*,” teɪk ðə ˈvaʊʧərz ənd goʊ ˈʃɑpɪŋ. ðə ˈvaʊʧərz kʊd bi juzd fər ˈaɪtəmz ðət səˈpɔrt ɪmˈplɔɪi ər ˈstudənt ˈlərnɪŋ. ðə ˈɔfər kɔzd ən ˈɛksədəs. ˈnɪrli ˈɛvriˌwən lɛft ðə ˈgæðərɪŋ ənd fɪld ðə aɪəlz əv ðə tu ˈbʊkˌstɔrz. rɪˈsits prəˈdust baɪ ðə ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ə ˈpəblɪk ˈrɛkərdz rɪkˈwɛst ʃoʊ səm pɪkt əp ˈklæsˌrum ˈaɪtəmz, laɪk hɔl ˈpæsɪz, ɪˈreɪsərz ənd ˈflæʃˌkɑrdz. ˈəðərz pɪkt aʊt ˈaɪtəmz ˈlaɪkli fər ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl juz, laɪk ə ˈbaɪbəl ənd ən ˈeɪθiˌɪzəm bʊk, ənd ˈivɪn ɪˈrɑtɪk ˈlɪtərəʧər. ˈʧɔklət bɑrz ənd ˈkrɪsʧɪn tɛksts wər ˈleɪtər flægd ɛz ˌɪmpərˈmɪsɪbəl baɪ stæf ənd ɪmˈplɔɪi ˌriɪmˈbərsmənt wɑz sɔt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə rɪˈsits ənd ˈəðər ˈdɑkjəmənts. ˌriɪmˈbərsmənt wɑz nɑt sɔt fər ðə ɪˈrɑtɪk ˈlɪtərəʧər. ðə ˈgɪvəˌweɪ wɪʧ kɔst reɪzd kənˈsərnz ˌɪnˈtərnəli ðət ɪt kʊd bi sin ɛz ən ˌɪˈligəl gɪft əv ˈpəblɪk fəndz. ðə ˈtaɪmɪŋ əv ðə ɪˈvɛnt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ənˈjuˌʒuəl: ɪmˈplɔɪiz wər kɔld tɪ ðə taʊn hɔl fər ə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən ənd tɪ dɪˈskəs ðɛr kənˈsərnz, bət wɪn ðə taɪm keɪm fər kˈwɛsʧənz, ðeɪ wər ˈgɪvɪn ən ˌɪnˈsɛnɪv tɪ liv. noʊ səʧ ˈɔfər hæd bɪn meɪd ˌbiˈfɔr. ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən mˈjuzɪk ˈwɑtsən sɛd ðə ˈnɛroʊ ˈtaɪmˌfreɪm fər ˈpərʧəsɪz ðət deɪ wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈbɛtər skrin ˈpərʧəsɪz on-site*. ðə ˈdɑkjəmənts ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈvil səm ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl kənˈtroʊlz æt ðə ˈeɪʤənsi wər biɪŋ ɪgˈzæmənd lɔŋ ˌbiˈfɔr ə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 7 ˈlɔˌsut wɑz faɪld əˈgɛnst ˈkaʊnti ˌsupərɪnˈtɛndənt ˈrændi wɔrd əˈlɛʤɪŋ hi tʊk ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈdɔlərz ɪn ˌɪˈligəl peɪ. ðə bɔrd pleɪst wɔrd ɔn peɪd liv ˌʤuˈlaɪ 14 ˈæftər ə ˈlɔˌsut kleɪmd hi ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn tɪ bust hɪz oʊn peɪ. ə ˌfɔˈrɛnsɪk ˈɔdɪt ɪz naʊ ˈəndər weɪ. bɔrd ˈprɛzɪdənt grɛg ˈrɑbənsən əˈtɛndəd ðə taʊn hɔl ɪmˈplɔɪi ˈmitɪŋ ənd toʊld wɔrd ɪn ə mɑrʧ 22 iˈmeɪl hi wɑz ““surprised”*” baɪ ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˈməni ˈgɪvɪn aʊt. wɔnt tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət ðɪs wɑz nɑt ən ˌɪnəˈproʊpriɪt juz əv ˈpəblɪk fəndz. aɪ əˈsum ðət ðɪs wɑz ʧɛkt aʊt wɪθ ˈlɔjərz ˌbiˈfɔr hænd (sɪk), bət ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈivɪn ðə əˈpɪrəns əv mɪsˈjuz əv funds,”*,” ˈrɑbənsən roʊt. kʊd ju meɪk ˌɪnkˈwaɪəriz ˈɪntu ðə liˈgæləti əv wət ˈhæpənd ʤɪst tɪ meɪk sure?”*?” iˈmeɪlz ʃoʊ ˈsteɪsi ˈspɛktər, ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈʤuvəˌnaɪl kɔrt ənd kəmˈjunɪti skulz ˈproʊˌgræm, toʊld wɔrd, gɪft əv ˈpəblɪk fəndz wər juzd. ɔl məˈtɪriəlz wər spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ˈædəlt prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈlərnɪŋ nidz ˈstudənt ˈlərnɪŋ nidz wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ʧɔɪs, wɪˈθɪn ɔl ˈligəl pərˈæmətərz, fər ˈædəlts tɪ ˈpərʧəs ˌsəpləˈmɛnts (sɪk) tɛksts ənd məˈtɪriəlz tɪ səˈpɔrt ðɛr ˈlərnɪŋ ər ðət əv ðɛr students.”*.” ˈspɛktər ˈædɪd ðət ʃi bɪˈlivd ðə ˈpræktɪs ðə test’*’ əv ˈkɑmən sense.”*.” ʧif ˈbɪznɪs ˈɔfɪsər ˈlɔrə, hu ɪz neɪmd əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd wɔrd ɪn ðə ˈrisənt ˈtækˌspeɪər ˈlɔˌsut, ˈɔlsoʊ əˈdrɛst kənˈsərnz. ˈmɛθəd əv ˈpərʧəs, waɪl əˈnɔrθəˌdɑks, wɑz sɛt əp fər ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz tɪ meɪk ðɛr spɪˈsɪfɪk səˈlɛkʃənz wɪθ ðə ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv wət wɑz ən purchase,’”*,’” roʊt ɪn ə mɑrʧ 24 iˈmeɪl. ˈaɪtəmz wər tɪ səˈpɔrt ˈklæsˌrum ˈlərnɪŋ ər prəˈfɛʃənəl development.”*.” ən ˌɪnˈtərnəl kənˈtroʊl pərˈspɛktɪv wi ər ˈɔlˌweɪz kənˈsərnd wɪθ frɔd ənd mɪsˈjuz əv ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs ˈæˌsɛts, e.g*. ˈtækˌspeɪər funds,”*,” ənd waɪ, ʃi sɛd, ɪkˈspɛnsɪz wər ʧɛkt fər əˈproʊpriətnəs boʊθ ˈɑnˈsaɪt baɪ ˈmænɪʤmənt ənd θru ə ˌrivˈju ˈæftər ðə fækt. ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ɪˈvɛnt ˈivɪn tʊk pleɪs, ən ɪmˈplɔɪi ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzɪŋ ðə ɪˈvɛnt, kɔld ə party”*” ɪn iˈmeɪlz, ˈɔlsoʊ ɪkˈsprɛst kənˈsərn wɪn dɪˈskəsɪŋ ˈwɛðər tɪ əˈlaʊ ɪmˈplɔɪiz tɪ peɪ fər əˈmaʊnts rəŋ əp ˈoʊvər 100 ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs ɪz ˈvɛri kənˈsərnd wɪθ fənd ˈjusɪʤ ənd wi ər ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈkɔʃənd əˈbaʊt ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət kʊd əˈpɪr tɪ bi ə gɪft əv ˈpəblɪk funds,”*,” ˈkɪmbərli ˈhɛrɪsən, ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs ˈstæfər, roʊt ɪn ə mɑrʧ 4 iˈmeɪl tɪ ə ˈkoʊˈwərkər ənd ə bɑrnz ˈnoʊbəl ɪmˈplɔɪi. aɪ wər tɪ gɛs, aɪ daʊt ðət ɑr ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈbɪznɪs ˈɔfəs wʊd bi ˈoʊˈkeɪ wɪθ ðɪs taɪp əv ə scenario.”*.” ðeɪ ɛnd əp əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈtiʧərz tɪ peɪ fər əˈmaʊnts ˈoʊvər 100 ɪn meɪ, tʊk əˈnəðər lʊk æt ðə məˈtɪriəlz fər ðə ɪˈvɛnt. ʃi roʊt meɪ 3 tɪ ˈspɛktər, ˈvaʊʧərz hæv ˈɛni kraɪˈtɪriə ɔn ðɛm ˈtɛlɪŋ ɪmˈplɔɪiz wət ɪz ən əˈpruvd ˈpərʧəs ˈəðər ðən noʊ food.”*.” ðoʊ ˈspɛktər toʊld ðeɪ dɪd dɪˈskəs ðə nid fər ˈpərʧəsɪz tɪ bi kənˈsɪdərd ə gɪft əv ˈpəblɪk funds,”*,” ʃi sɛd stæf wʊd ˈhændəl ðə ɪˈvɛnt ˈdɪfərˈɛntli nɛkst taɪm. prəˈpoʊzd ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ˌɪnˈklud prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈrɪtən ˈpərʧəs ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz ənd ˈhævɪŋ ən ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtər ˈvɪʒwəli ʧɛk ˈɛvəri ˈaɪtəm ˈpərʧəst æt ðə ˈrɛʤɪstər. ˈspɛktər dɪd nɑt rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ˈsɛvərəl rɪkˈwɛsts fər ˈkɑmɛnt. ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈtiʧərz sərv ðə moʊst ˈtrəbəld ənd ˈvəlnərəbəl juθ, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðoʊz bɪn ˌɪnˈkɑrsərˌeɪtɪd, ˈhoʊmləs, kɪkt aʊt əv trəˈdɪʃənəl skul ər ər ˈprɛgnənt. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈskulɪŋ tɪ juθ, ðə ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən prəˈvaɪdz ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈoʊvərˌsaɪt tɪ ɔl ðə skul ˈdɪstrɪkts ɪn ðə ˈriʤən. ˈdɪstrɪkts məst səbˈmɪt ðɛr ˈbəʤɪts ˈɛvəri jɪr tɪ ʃoʊ ðeɪ kən peɪ ðə bɪlz ənd əˈvɔɪd ˌɪnˈsɑlvənsi. wɔrd, lɛd ðə ˈeɪʤənsi sɪns ʤun 2006 meɪ bi aʊt əv ðə ˈɔfəs fər ə waɪl. ðə ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ɪz ˈsikɪŋ ə nu ˈɪnərəm ˌsupərɪnˈtɛndənt ənd pʊt əp ə ʤɑb ˈpoʊstɪŋ læst wik wɪθ ə stɑrt deɪt immediately,”*,” ə lɛŋθ əv wərk bi determined.”*.”
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on march 10, nearly 250 teachers and staff who serve the county’s most troubled students gathered for a town hall meeting inside a movie theater at the mission valley hazard center. they were prepared to air their workplace grievances and get answers, but what came to pass instead was a party.
employees of the san diego county office of education in attendance all received $100 vouchers for use at the nearby barnes & noble or lakeshore learning stores. the catch: the money had to be spent on the spot, that same day, before 8 p.m.
several teachers who were present said they were told they could stay for the planned question and answer session or “vote with your feet,” take the vouchers and go shopping. the vouchers could be used for items that support employee or student learning.
the offer caused an exodus. nearly everyone left the gathering and filled the aisles of the two bookstores.
receipts produced by the county office of education in response to a public records request show some picked up classroom items, like hall passes, chalkboard erasers and english-learner flashcards. others picked out items likely for their personal use, like a bible and an atheism book, and even erotic literature.
chocolate bars and christian texts were later flagged as impermissible by staff and employee reimbursement was sought, according to the receipts and other documents. reimbursement was not sought for the erotic literature.
the giveaway – which cost $25,000 – raised concerns internally that it could be seen as an illegal gift of public funds.
the timing of the event was also unusual: employees were called to the town hall for a presentation and to discuss their concerns, but when the time came for questions, they were given an incentive to leave. no such offer had been made before.
county office of education spokeswoman music watson said the narrow timeframe for purchases that day was given in order to better screen purchases on-site.
the documents also reveal some financial controls at the agency were being examined long before a july 7 lawsuit was filed against county superintendent randy ward alleging he took thousands of dollars in illegal pay.
the board placed ward on paid leave july 14 after a lawsuit claimed he engaged in self-dealing to boost his own pay. a forensic audit is now under way.
board president gregg robinson attended the town hall employee meeting and told ward in a march 22 email he was “surprised” by the amount of money given out.
“i want to make sure that this was not an inappropriate use of public funds. i assume that this was checked out with lawyers before hand (sic), but it is important to avoid even the appearance of misuse of funds,” robinson wrote. “so could you make inquiries into the legality of what happened just to make sure?”
emails show stacy spector, executive director of the juvenile court and community schools program, told ward, “no gift of public funds were used. all materials were specific to adult professional learning needs and/or student learning needs … we wanted to provide choice, within all legal parameters, for adults to purchase supplements (sic) texts and materials to support their learning or that of their students.”
spector added that she believed the practice “passed the ‘smell test’ of common sense.”
chief business officer lora duzyk, who is named alongside ward in the recent taxpayer lawsuit, also addressed robinson’s concerns.
“the method of purchase, while unorthodox, was set up for the individuals to make their specific selections with the understanding of what was an ‘appropriate purchase,’” duzyk wrote in a march 24 email. “the items were to support classroom learning or professional development.”
“from an internal control perspective we are always concerned with fraud and misuse of county office assets, e.g. taxpayer funds,” and that’s why, she said, expenses were checked for appropriateness both onsite by management and through a review after the fact.
before the event even took place, an employee organizing the event, called a “teacher party” in emails, also expressed concern when discussing whether to allow employees to pay for amounts rung up over $100.
“our county office is very concerned with fund usage and we are always cautioned about anything that could appear to be a gift of public funds,” kimberly harrison, county office staffer, wrote in a march 4 email to a coworker and a barnes & noble employee. “if i were to guess, i doubt that our internal business office would be ok with this type of a scenario.”
they didn’t end up allowing teachers to pay for amounts over $100.
in may, duzyk took another look at the materials for the event.
she wrote may 3 to spector, “these vouchers don’t have any criteria on them telling employees what is an approved purchase other than no food.”
though spector told duzyk they did discuss the need for purchases to “not be considered a gift of public funds,” she said staff would handle the event differently next time. proposed changes include providing written purchase guidelines and having an administrator visually check every item purchased at the register.
spector did not respond to several requests for comment.
county office of education teachers serve the county’s most troubled and vulnerable youth, including those who’ve been incarcerated, homeless, kicked out of traditional school or are pregnant.
in addition to providing schooling to at-risk youth, the county office of education provides financial oversight to all the school districts in the region. districts must submit their budgets every year to show they can pay the bills and avoid insolvency.
ward, who’s led the agency since june 2006, may be out of the office for a while.
the county office of education is seeking a new interim superintendent and put up a job posting last week with a start date “beginning immediately,” a length of work “to be determined.”
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ˈstɔri ˈhaɪˌlaɪts ˈʧaɪnəz ˈrulɪŋ ˈkɑmjənəst ˈpɑrti ˈfɔrmər meɪər əv ˈnænʤɪŋ fər ˈbraɪbəri, əˈbjuz əv paʊər ʤi, noʊn ɛz "meɪər ˈbʊlˌdoʊzər," dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz "ˈmɔrəli kərəpt" hi ɪz ˈleɪtəst ˌhaɪˈproʊfaɪl ˈtərgət əv ʃi draɪv hɪz keɪs həz naʊ bɪn ˈtrænsfərd tɪ ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz ˈʧaɪnəz ˈrulɪŋ ˈkɑmjənəst ˈpɑrti həz ɪkˈspɛld ðə ˈfɔrmər meɪər əv ˈnænʤɪŋ fər ˈbraɪbəri ənd əˈbjuz əv paʊər, dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ɪm ɛz "ˈmɔrəli kərəpt." steɪt nuz ˈeɪʤənsi ˈzɪnhjuə sɛd ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ ðət ən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ʤi əˈlɛʤd trænzˈgrɛʃənz faʊnd hi tʊk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv hɪz pəˈzɪʃən tɪ sik ˈbɛnəfɪts fər ˈəðərz ənd ækˈsɛptɪd ə juʤ əˈmaʊnt əv ˈməni ənd gɪfts ˈpərsənəli ər θru ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz. ðə dɪˈsɪʒən wɑz meɪd baɪ ðə ˈpɑrtiz ˈsɛntrəl kəˈmɪʃən fər ˈdɪsəplən ˌɪnˈspɛkʃən, wɪʧ sɛd ðət keɪs wʊd naʊ bi ˈhændəld baɪ ˈʧaɪnəz ʤuˈdɪʃəl ˈsɪstəm. ɪkˈspəlʃən frəm ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˈpɑrti ˈtɪpɪkəli prɪˈsidz ˈkrɪmənəl ˈʧɑrʤɪz. ʤi ʤi, hu wɑz riˈmuvd frəm hɪz poʊst ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər, wɑz noʊn, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈloʊkəl ˈmidiə, ɛz "meɪər ˈbʊlˌdoʊzər" fər hɪz ˈfɑndnəs fər ˌdɛməˈlɪʃən ənd ˌrikənˈstrəkʃən ˈprɑʤɛkts əˈkrɔs ðə ˈsɪti hoʊm tɪ eɪt ˈmɪljən ənd ə ˈfɔrmər ˈkæpɪtəl. ˈprɛzɪdənt ʃi həz ɛmˈbɑrkt ɔn ən draɪv sɪns ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈɔfəs ɪn mɑrʧ 2013 ˈplɛʤɪŋ tɪ ˈtərgət boʊθ "flaɪz ənd ˈtaɪgərz" boʊθ loʊ- ənd əˈfɪʃəlz, ˈspɛrɪŋ noʊ wən rəˈgɑrdləs əv ðɛr pəˈzɪʃən.
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story highlights china's ruling communist party expels former mayor of nanjing for bribery, abuse of power
ji jianye, known as "mayor bulldozer," described as "morally corrupt"
he is latest high-profile target of xi jinping's anti-corruption drive
his case has now been transferred to prosecutors
china's ruling communist party has expelled the former mayor of nanjing for bribery and abuse of power, describing him as "morally corrupt."
state news agency xinhua said on thursday that an investigation into ji jianye's alleged transgressions found he took advantage of his position to seek benefits for others and accepted a huge amount of money and gifts personally or through family members.
the decision was made by the party's central commission for discipline inspection, which said that ji's case would now be handled by china's judicial system.
expulsion from the ruling party typically precedes criminal charges.
ji jianye
ji, who was removed from his post in october, was known, according to local media, as "mayor bulldozer" for his fondness for demolition and reconstruction projects across the city -- home to eight million and a former capital.
president xi jinping has embarked on an anti-corruption drive since taking office in march 2013, pledging to target both "flies and tigers" -- both low- and high-ranking officials, sparing no one regardless of their position.
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kɪm ˈkrɪzən ɪz ən əˈkædəmi ˈraɪtər əv ðə fɪlmz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsənˌraɪz ənd ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsənˌsɛt. ʃi əˈpɪrd ɛz ən ˈæktər ɪn ðə fɪlmz sˈlækər, deɪzd ənd kənfˈjuzd ənd ˈweɪkɪŋ laɪf, ənd roʊt ðə ˈgræfɪk ˈnɑvəl ˈzɑmbi teɪlz: 2061 ˈkrɪzən ərnd ə dɪˈgri ɪn ˈlɪtərəʧər ənd ˈtiʧɪz kriˈeɪtɪv ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈklæsɪz fər ɪkˈstɛnʃən. ərˈɪʤənəl sɪnz: treɪd ˈsikrɪts əv ðə fɛm ɪz hər fərst bʊk ənd wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl θru bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɑkˈtoʊbər 1 2012 aɪ fərst mɛt kɪm wɪn aɪ hæd ðə gʊd ˈfɔrʧən tɪ bi sɛnt tɪ əbˈzərv hər klæs ɛz pɑrt əv maɪ ˈtreɪnɪŋ tɪ bɪˈkəm ən ˌɪnˈstrəktər fər ðə ˈraɪtərz ɪkˈstɛnʃən ˈproʊˌgræm. ɛz aɪ wɑz ɔˈrɛdi ə greɪt fæn əv hər fɪlmz, ɪt wɑz ə ˈplɛʒər tɪ mit ðə ˈwʊmən bɪˈhaɪnd ðɛm ənd dɪˈskəvər ʃi wɑz ʤɪst ɛz smɑrt, ˈwɪti ənd ˈɪnˌsaɪtfəl ɛz hər wərk wʊd lɛd ju tɪ bɪˈliv. ˈʃɔrtli ðɛˈræftər, wi dɪˈskəvərd wi hæd səm ˈkɑmən ˈɪntərɪsts ənd hæd fɔt səm ˈsɪmələr ˈbætəlz ɪn ˈhɑliˌwʊd, ənd ˈɑnərd tɪ seɪ sɪns bɪˈkəm gʊd frɛndz. ɛz ʤɪst ˈrisəntli kəmˈplitɪd hər fərst bʊk, ə ˈwɪkɪdli ˈfəni ənd ˈreɪzər ʃɑrp teɪk ɔn ðə fɛm, aɪ æst hər tɪ sɪt daʊn wɪθ mi ənd tɔk ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt əˈbaʊt hər ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ənd ɪkˈspɪriəns. daɪæn: ˈprɑbəˌbli bɛst noʊn fər jʊr ˈskrinˌraɪtɪŋ wərk ɔn ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsənˌraɪz ənd ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsənˌsɛt, tu ˈvɛri bɪˈləvəd fɪlmz. kɪm: ju noʊ, ɪf ðoʊz ˈmuviz hæv bɪn səkˈsɛsfəl, bɪˈkəz əv ðə fænz hu kəˈnɛktɪd wɪθ ðɛm. soʊ ˈgreɪtfəl tɪ ðət ˈɔdiəns hu ˌəndərˈstʊd ðə ˈstɔri ənd bɪˈlivd ɪn ðə ˈkɛrɪktərz. ˈgrætəˌfaɪɪŋ wɪn ju si bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ straɪk ə kɔrd wɪθ ˈpipəl. ju fɛlt ðət weɪ ˈæftər ju roʊt wət ˈwɪmən wɔnt, raɪt? ðət wɑz ə ˈbrɪljənt aɪˈdiə! tɔk əˈbaʊt ˈhɪtɪŋ ðə neɪl ɔn ðə hɛd. daɪæn: θæŋks. jæ, aɪ hæv tɪ seɪ, wɪn aɪ fərst keɪm əp wɪθ ðət aɪˈdiə əv ə mæn hu kən rɛd maɪndz aɪ wɑz ɪkˈsaɪtɪd ənd fɛlt ˈstəmbəld ˈɔntu ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈprɪti ˌjunəˈvərsəl. ənd θæŋk ju fər ðə pləg. (læfs) kɪm: mɛt ˈpipəl hu fil ðɛr lɪvz wər əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ðə ˌbiˈfɔr fɪlmz, səm hu ˈæˌkʧuəli flu tɪ ˈjʊrəp ənd gɑt ɔn treɪnz, ər hu gɑt ɔn ˈæmtræk hir ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə ɪn sərʧ əv ə roʊˈmæntɪk ədˈvɛnʧər. ən əˈmeɪzɪŋ θɪŋ. wən ˈpərsən toʊld mi ðət ˈæftər ˈwɑʧɪŋ ðə fɪlm hi ˈriəˌlaɪzd hi wɑz wɪθ ðə rɔŋ ˈwʊmən, bət hi ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli faʊnd ðə raɪt ˈwʊmən ənd ɪz naʊ ˈhæpəli ˈmɛrid ənd hi ˈkrɛdɪts ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsənˌraɪz. ˈprɪti ˈmæʤɪkəl. daɪæn: soʊ kul! ˈrɪli ˈmuvɪŋ wɪn ˈpipəl teɪk ðə taɪm tɪ tɛl ju haʊ bɪn təʧt baɪ jʊr wərk. kɪm: aɪ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd kriˈeɪtɪŋ ðoʊz ˈstɔriz. ɪt wɑz wən əv ðoʊz θɪŋz ðət aɪ ləv, ənd praʊd əv maɪ wərk ɔn ðɛm. bət ˈhævɪŋ hæd ðət kəˈlæbərˌeɪtɪv ɪkˈspɪriəns, twaɪs naʊ, aɪ wɑz ˈrɛdi tɪ teɪk ɔn ə nu ˈʧælənʤ. di iane*: hɛns, ðə bʊk. kɪm: jɛs. ə bɪg bʊk ˈpərsən. aɪ wɑz ə ˈlɪtərəʧər ˈmeɪʤər ənd aɪ laɪk ˈnəθɪŋ ˈbɛtər ðən ˈsɪŋkɪŋ ˈɪntu ə ˈrɪli dɪˈlɪʃəs bʊk. bət ðə aɪˈdiə fər ərˈɪʤənəl sɪnz keɪm tɪ mi wɪn aɪ wɑz ˈwɑʧɪŋ ə fɪlm, ðə ˈleɪdi frəm ˈʃæŋˈhaɪ, dɪˈrɛktɪd baɪ ˈɔrsən wɛlz ənd ɪn wɪʧ ˈritə ˈheɪˌwərθ pleɪz ən ənˈhæpəli ˈmɛrid ˈwʊmən. ðə ˈpoʊstər fər ðə fɪlm ʃoʊz ˈritə ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈoʊvər hər ˈʃoʊldər ənd seɪɪŋ, toʊld ju ju noʊ ˈnəθɪŋ əˈbaʊt wickedness.”*.” ðɪs ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl sin æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈmuvi wɛr ˈkɛrɪktər ɪz ɪn ə hɔl əv ˈmɪrərz ənd ɔl ɪn ə ˈbjutəfəl blæk sut, ə blæk hæt, ənd ə ˈnɛkləs. hər ˈjəki ˈhəzbənd ʃoʊz əp ənd ʃi teɪks ə gən aʊt əv hər pərs ənd ʃuts ɪm. ənd aɪ θɔt, ðɪs ɪz gʊd tɪ noʊ. ʃʊd aɪ ˈɛvər ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ ʃut maɪ ˈhəzbənd ɪn ə hɔl əv ˈmɪrərz, aɪ naʊ noʊ ɪgˈzæktli wət tɪ wət tɪ wear!”*!” soʊ ðə aɪˈdiə fər ðə bʊk spræŋ frəm ðət. daɪæn: ha–*– tru, ˈɔlˌweɪz soʊ təf tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt wət tɪ wɛr tɪ ə ˈmərdər, əˈspɛʃəli ˈæftər ˈleɪbər deɪ. aɪ hoʊp ʧɪp, ˈhəzbənd), həz peɪd əˈtɛnʃən ənd noʊz tɪ ɪt aʊt əv ðɛr ɪf ju ˈɛvər ʃoʊ əp drɛst laɪk ðət. kɪm: ər ju ˈkɪdɪŋ? ˈpræktɪkəli pleɪɪŋ ˈrəʃən ruˈlɛt ʤɪst ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ðə seɪm haʊs wɪθ mi. (læfs) daɪæn: waɪ du ju θɪŋk ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪd baɪ fɛm? kɪm: maɪ ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə fɛm ˈprɑbəˌbli bɪˈgæn ɪn ˈərnɪst wɪn aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd əˈtɛndɪŋ maɪ ʧərʧ wɪn aɪ wɑz ˈilɛvən jɪrz oʊld. wi rɛd ðə ˈʤɛnəsəs ˈstɔri, wɪʧ aɪ faɪnd kwaɪt ˈbjutəfəl ənd ˌmɛtəˈfɔrɪkəl, bət ɛz ə ʧaɪld aɪ wɑz tɔt, wɪˈθaʊt ə hɪnt əv ˈaɪrəni, ðət ðə fərst ˈwʊmən, iv, lʊrd ɔl əv ˈmænˈkaɪnd əˈweɪ frəm ən ɪˈtərnəti ɪn ˈpɛrəˌdaɪs ənd ðət hər ˌdɪsəˈbidiəns ɪz ðə ˈrizən wi ˈsəfər, gɪt sɪk, ənd daɪ. aɪ spɛnt jɪrz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðɪs, ɔn ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt ðət ə ˈwʊmən wɑz bleɪmd fər ɔl əv ɑr ˈtrəbəlz. ˈfɔrʧənətli aɪ si ðə ˈhjumər ɪn ðɪs. aɪ si iv ɛz ðə fərst fɛm. ənd aɪ wɑz tɔt, ɪn soʊ ˈmɛni wərdz, ðət ˈwɪmən ər ˈsəˌspɛkt. naʊ aɪ θɪŋk ˈfəni. ənd aɪ θɪŋk wi ʃʊd ʤɪst ɪmˈbreɪs ɪt. hɛl jæ, ðət ˈpaʊərfəl, soʊ bɪˈwɛr, mɑn ʃɛr! daɪæn: aɪ ləvd ðət əˈbaʊt ðə bʊk. nɑt ˈoʊnli ˈvɛri ˈfəni ənd ˈklɛvər, ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪnli eye-opening*. ənd ðə ˌɪnˈsusjənt vɔɪs əv ɪt ɪz soʊ məʧ fən. ɪf aɪ meɪ ʤɪst kwoʊt wən ʃɔrt ˈpæsɪʤ hir tɪ ˈɪləˌstreɪt, ðət hi wɑz tɪ ˈlɪvɪŋ ə kɪk æs laɪf ɪn ˈpɛrəˌdaɪs, mæn wɪl ˈnɛvər fərˈgɪv hɪmˈsɛlf fər biɪŋ səʧ ə ˈpætsi wɪθ eve.”*.” kɪm: aɪ lʊkt æt ˈhɪstəri, məˈθɑləˌʤi, ðə ˈtæblɔɪd ˈkəlʧər, ənd əˈspɛʃəli fɪlm, bɪˈkəz ðə fɛm ˈrɪli pʊt ðə sɪn ɪn ˈsɪnəmə! aɪ hæd soʊ məʧ fən riˈsərʧɪŋ ənd ˈraɪtɪŋ ðə bʊk. aɪ ˈrɪli ləv ðə fɛm ənd aɪ ləvd traɪɪŋ tɪ kræk hu ʃi ˈrɪli ɪz. daɪæn: aɪ wɑz səˈpraɪzd, ðoʊ, ðət ju ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˈmɛrəlɪn mənˈroʊ ɪn ə bʊk əˈbaʊt fɛm, ɛz noʊn fər ˈhævɪŋ bɪn mɔr əv ə ˈvɪktɪm. kɪm: jɛs, bət ʃi pleɪd ə fænˈtæstɪk fɛm ɪn naɪˈægrə, wɪʧ wɑz ə əˈbaʊt ə ˈtrɛʧərəs waɪf ənd hər ˈfræʤəl ˈhəzbənd. ˈmɛrəlɪn ˈjuzɪz ə ˈdɪfərənt vɔɪs ɪn ðɪs fɪlm, nɑt ðə sɔft, ˈlɪtəl gərl vɔɪs, ənd ʃi simz tɪ dɪˈlaɪt ɪn ˈtɔrʧərɪŋ ðə pur ˈhəzbənd, səm sɔrt əv keɪs. ənd aɪ bɪˈliv ˈmɛrəlɪn wɑz ən ɪkˈstrimli ˈkræfti, ˈkənɪŋ ˈwʊmən. ʃi ˈlərnɪd tɪ bi soʊ bɪˈkəz əv hər ˌvɪktəməˈzeɪʃən, ˈæftər biɪŋ ɪn ˈnumərəs ˈfɑstər hoʊmz ənd ɔl. ɪn fækt, aɪ bɪˈliv moʊst fɛm ər kriˈeɪtɪd θru ðə təf taɪmz ðeɪ ɪnˈkaʊnər. ˈmɛrəlɪn hɪd bɪˈhaɪnd ðə pərˈsoʊnə əv ðə sɛks bɔm, bət ʃi wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ʃrud ənd kwaɪt strɔŋ. daɪæn: haʊ dɪd ðə ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ˈdɪfər fər ju ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ ə bʊk ˈvərsəz ˈraɪtɪŋ ə ˈskrinˌpleɪ? kɪm: ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋli, aɪ θɪŋk ə bʊk dilz wɪθ əˈnəðər spɑt ɪn jʊr breɪn. wɪθ ə ˈskrinˌpleɪ ju faɪnd ðə ˈkɛrɪktərz wɪˈθɪn ˈjɔrsɛlf, bət wɪθ ə bʊk ju faɪnd ˈjɔrsɛlf ɛz ə ˈkɛrɪktər. daɪæn: ɔn ə rɪˈleɪtɪd noʊt, ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ˌɪnˈtrigd baɪ ðə neɪm əv ə klæs ju tiʧ æt kɔld ðə muse”*”. kən ju tɔk ə ˈlɪtəl əˈbaʊt ðət? kɪm: ðə muse”*” ɪz ə kriˈeɪtɪv ˈraɪtɪŋ klæs aɪ dɪˈvɛləpt fər ɪkˈstɛnʃən. aɪ beɪst ɪt ɔn ˈmɛθədz ənd tɛkˈniks ənd ˈætəˌtudz aɪ dɪˈskəvərd ðət gɑt mi ˈraɪtɪŋ. ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ðə saɪˈkɑləʤi əv ˌkrieɪˈtɪvəti. aɪ roʊt maɪ ˈθiˌsɪs ɔn ðɪs ˈsəbʤɪkt ənd aɪ bɪˈliv ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ˈlɪsən tɪ ðə muse–*– wɪʧ ˈrɪli minz ʤɪst ˈoʊpənɪŋ əp tɪ ðət ˈpleɪfəl, kriˈeɪtɪv saɪd əv jʊr psyche–*– ənd tɪ rɪˈspɑnd ər ““answer”*” hər. moʊst ˈpipəl hu teɪk ðə klæs kən raɪt pərˈdəktɪvli ənd ˈhæpəli. daɪæn: wət ədˈvaɪs du ju hæv fər ðoʊz hu fil blɑkt? kɪm: raɪt ə pis əv kræp. goʊ əˈhɛd ənd raɪt ənd ˈwəri əˈbaʊt ðə kˈwɑləti raɪt naʊ. tɛl ðə vɔɪs ˌɪnˈsaɪd jʊr hɛd biɪŋ min tɪ you–*– ðɪs ɪz ðə lɛft breɪn ˈɪnər critic–*– tɪ ʃət ðə hɛl əp. ər, ˈrəðər, ˈrizən wɪθ ɪt tɪ teɪk ə bæk sit waɪl ju gɪt wərdz ɔn ðə peɪʤ. blɑk ɪz fɪr. əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈjɔrsɛlf tɪ raɪt ə pis əv kræp wɪl hɛlp. aɪ bɪˈliv ðə ˈænsərz ər ɔn ðə ˌɪnˈsaɪd, ˈrəðər ðən ɔn ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd, soʊ ˈlɪsən tɪ ðə pɑrt əv ju daɪɪŋ tɪ tɛl ə ˈstɔri. ˈwɪzdəm ðɛr ɪf trəst ɪt ənd gɪt aʊt əv ɪts weɪ. daɪæn: waɪ du ju θɪŋk ˈpipəl wɔnt tɪ bi kriˈeɪtɪv? wət ɪz ðət draɪv əˈbaʊt? kɪm: ðɪs ɪz ə ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ kˈwɛʃən. aɪ bɪˈliv ˈpipəl wɔnt tɪ gɪv ˈɔrdər tɪ əˈmɔrfəs ˈfilɪŋz. laɪf kən bi ˈdɪfəkəlt ˈsəmˌtaɪmz. ɪt kən bi hɑrʃ ənd kənfˈjuzɪŋ. aɪ θɪŋk ðə ˈmɑdərn ˈjufəˌmɪzəm ɪz ““challenging,”*,” bət prɪˈfər səm ˈəðər tərm ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ kərs wərdz! tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ə ˈskrinˌpleɪ, ə bʊk, ə poʊəm, ə ˈpeɪnɪŋ, ə dæns gɪvz ˈɔrdər. ɪt sɑlvz ˈsəmθɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈpərsən hu kriˈeɪtɪd ɪt ənd ðeɪ fil ə sɛns əv rɪˈlif, ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ˈɛniˌwən ɛls ˈɛvər siz wət kriˈeɪtɪd. ɪn ə weɪ, duɪŋ kriˈeɪtɪv wərk ˈænsərz ə kˈwɛʃən, ər pərˈhæps ɪt dɪˈfaɪnz ðə kˈwɛʃən ɪn ə ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ weɪ. əv kɔrs ˈɔlˌweɪz nis wɪn ˈsəmˌwən ɛls ridz ðə ˈstɔri ˈrɪtən ənd əˈpruvz ɑr wərk, bɪˈkəz wi ðɛn fil ə sɛns əv kəˈnɛkʃən tɪ ðə wərld, bət ˈvælju ɪn biɪŋ kriˈeɪtɪv fər ɪts oʊn seɪk, ʤɪst fər ɑrˈsɛlvz. aɪ θɪŋk ə lɔt əv ˈjuˈɛs raɪt ər kriˈeɪt ɑr ɑrt fər sərˈvaɪvəl, fər ˈsænəti, ər ˈivɪn tɪ meɪk ɑrˈsɛlvz læf ənd si ðə ˈhjumər ɪn səm əv ðə ˈbɑŋkərz θɪŋz ðət ˈhæpən tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ðɪs laɪf. daɪæn: aɪ əˈgri wɪθ ɔl ju seɪ, bət ˈgɪvɪn ðət, waɪ du ju θɪŋk ðə θɛft əv others’*’ wərk ɪz səʧ ən ˈɪʃu ɪn ˈhɑliˌwʊd, ənd ɪn ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm ˈleɪtli, fər ðət ˈmætər? tɪ stil ˈsəmˌwən aɪˈdiəz ənd wərk kaɪnd əv dɪˈfit ðə ˈpərpəs əv ˈwɑnɪŋ tɪ lɪv ə kriˈeɪtɪv laɪf ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs? kɪm: kəmˈplitli. ɪf wən kriˈeɪts ɔrˈgænɪkli, aʊt əv ən ˌɪnˈtərnəl nid tɪ tɛl ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈstɔri ər ɪkˈsplɔr ə kˈwɛʃən, ðɛn rɪˈwɔrdɪd θru ðə ˌɛksplərˈeɪʃən əv ðət aɪˈdiə ənd ðə əˈtɛmpt tɪ ɪkˈsprɛs ɪt. ðə rɪˈwɔrd ɪz ˌɪnˈtərnəl, ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ, ənd fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ. bət wi lɪv ɪn ə wərld əv ““ownership”*” ənd, ˈstreɪnʤli, meɪd ɑrt ə ˈbɪznɪs. ənd ðɛn ˈməni ənd paʊər kəm ˈɪntu ɪt. ðə hoʊl pɔɪnt əv ðə ɪnˈdɛvər gɪts kənfˈjuzd. aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz tɛl maɪ ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈstudənts ðət ðə ˈænsər ɪz ˌɪnˈsaɪd, nɑt ˈaʊtˈsaɪd. ɪf wən goʊz ˌɪnˈsaɪd, ðɛr ər ˈstɔriz tɪ bi faʊnd, kˈwɛsʧənz tɪ bi ɪkˈsplɔrd. ɪf ə ˈpərsən ɪz ɪn ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ wət ðeɪ hæv ˌɪnˈsaɪd, noʊ nid tɪ teɪk ˈəðər wərk. daɪæn: aɪ θɪŋk ðɛr ɪz ðə ˈɪʃu əv ˈigoʊ ɛz wɛl. du ju θɪŋk ðiz kraɪmz əv ˈhɑliˌwʊd əˈkər bɪˈkəz əv ðət? kɪm: oʊ hɛl jɛs. jɛs. (læfs) bət nɑt ˈhɛlθi ˈigoʊ wik, ənˈhɛlθi ˈigoʊ. ˈigoʊ ðət nidz tɪ bi riˈbɪlt frəm ðə ˌɪnˈsaɪd. bɪˈkəz ðət ɪkˈstərnəl stəf goʊɪŋ tɪ wərk ɪn ðə lɔŋ rən. aɪˈrɑnɪkli, aɪ θɪŋk wɪn ˈrɪli ˈraɪtɪŋ ðə ˈigoʊ gɪts aʊt əv ðə weɪ ənd fjuəld baɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛls, ən ˈɛnərʤi bɪˈniθ ðə ˈigoʊ. ðə ˈigoʊ ɪz nɑt ˈhɛlpfəl wɪθ kriˈeɪtɪv wərk. ðə ˈigoʊ meɪ bi ˈhɛlpfəl ˈæftərwərd, wɪn wən nidz ðə ˈkɑnfədɛns ənd bræs tɪ gɪt ðɛr wərk aʊt ɪn ðə wərld, bət ə ˈdɪfərənt feɪz ˌɔltəˈgɛðər. daɪæn: aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ bɪˈliv ðə ˌɪmˈpəls tɪ ˈθivəri ɪz bɔrn aʊt əv ˈleɪzinəs, ən ənˈwɪlɪŋnɪs tɪ du ðə hɑrd wərk, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊrɪti. ðoʊz hu trəst ðət ðeɪ du hæv ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈwərθˈwaɪl ˌɪnˈsaɪd tɪ drɔ əˈpɑn tɛnd tɪ preɪ ɔn ðə wərk əv ˈəðərz. oʊ, ənd aɪ fərˈgɑt grid. seɪ aɪ daɪˈgrɛs bət, heɪ, ˈspikɪŋ əv preɪ ənd grid, bæk tɪ jʊr book…*… (læfs) ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ dilz wɪθ ðə θim əv riˈvɛnʤ. ə lɔt əv ðiz ˈwɪmən ˈrɪli ər ˈprɪti ˈwɪkəd, wɑz ɪt fən tɪ ɪkˈsplɔr ðət? kɪm: ɪkˈstrimli fən. aɪ wɑz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn waɪ ðiz ˈwɪmən wər ənd ər ˈwɪkəd ðə ˈɔrəʤɪnz əv ðɛr ˈwɪkədnəs. aɪ dɪd maɪ ˈrisərʧ ənd aɪ bɪˈliv fɛm hæv ðɛr ˈrizənz. ə koʊd əv ˈkɑndəkt ðət ˈɛni ˈwʊmən kən ˈstədi, ʃʊd ðeɪ, pərˈhæps, wɔnt tɪ bi ˈwɪkəd tu. (læfs) wən əv maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt θɪŋz wɑz riˈsərʧɪŋ ɪgˈzæktli wət wi ʃʊd wɛr wɪn, seɪ, ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd baɪ ˈfaɪərrɪŋ skwɑd, ɛz wɑz ˈmɑtə ˈhɑri, hu hæd ðə kərɪʤ tɪ bloʊ ə kɪs tɪ hər ˌɛksəˈkjuʃənərz ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ ˈoʊpənd faɪər. bɪˈkəz, daɪæn, wi wɔnt tɪ bi pəˈlaɪt ənd ˈleɪdiˌlaɪk wɪn ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd baɪ ˈfaɪərrɪŋ skwɑd! daɪæn: ˌɪnˈdid! həm, dɪz ðɪs ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈwɪkədnəs hæv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ tɪ du wɪθ jʊr ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ɪn hollywood?…*?… kɪm: oʊ, ˈsərtənli. ðət ənd biɪŋ əˈlaɪv ɔn ðə ˈplænət! (læfs) ɑrt ɪz ʤɪst ðə bɛst weɪ tɪ ɪkˈsprɛs ˈfilɪŋz. ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz faɪnd ðət ɪf ju goʊ ˈdipli ɪˈnəf ˈɪntu ə sæd θɪŋ ə ˈtræʤədi, ə rɔŋ ðət meɪks ju ˈæŋgri bɪˈkəz əv ɪts ˌɪnˈʤəstɪs wət kəmz aʊt ðə ˈəðər saɪd ɪz ˈkɑmədi. ˈkɑmədi ənd ˈɪnˌsaɪt ənd ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ. daɪæn: ɪf lucky…*… ənd ɪf nɑt, wɛl, aɪ gɛs ðɛr ər ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈfaɪˌrɑrmz, raɪt? kɪm: hɑ, jɛs, bət aɪ laɪk tɪ bɪˈliv ðə ɪz ˈmaɪtiər ðən ðə 38 ˈspɛʃəl. daɪæn: ənd ˈjuʒəwəli lɛs ˈprɪzən taɪm ˌɪnˈvɑlvd. kɪm: ˈraɪtɪŋ grænd? daɪæn: aɪ θɪŋk liv ɪt ðɛr. θæŋks soʊ məʧ fər ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə taɪm tɪ ʃɛr səm əv jʊr ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd ˈɪnˌsaɪts. ənd meɪ aɪ seɪ, ˈpipəl ər ˈrɪli ɪn fər ə trit wɪn ðeɪ baɪ jʊr bʊk. kɪm: θæŋk ju soʊ məʧ, daɪæn! ə lɔt əv fən tɪ tɔk tɪ ə ril ˈhɑliˌwʊd! rɪˈleɪtɪd poʊsts: tulz tɪ hɛlp:
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kim krizan is an academy award-nominated writer of the films before sunrise and before sunset. she appeared as an actor in the films slacker, dazed and confused and waking life, and wrote the critically-acclaimed graphic novel zombie tales: 2061. krizan earned a master’s degree in literature and teaches creative writing classes for ucla extension. original sins: trade secrets of the femme fatale is her first book and will be available through kickstarter beginning october 1, 2012.
i first met kim when i had the good fortune to be sent to observe her class as part of my training to become an instructor for the ucla writers extension program. as i was already a great fan of her films, it was a pleasure to meet the woman behind them and discover she was just as smart, witty and insightful as her work would lead you to believe. shortly thereafter, we discovered we had some common interests and had fought some similar battles in hollywood, and i’m honored to say we’ve since become good friends.
as she’s just recently completed her first book, a wickedly funny and razor sharp take on the femme fatale, i asked her to sit down with me and talk a little bit about her writing process and experience.
diane: you’re probably best known for your screenwriting work on before sunrise and before sunset, two very beloved films.
kim: you know, if those movies have been successful, it’s because of the fans who connected with them. i’m so grateful to that audience who understood the story and believed in the characters. it’s gratifying when you see you’ve been able to strike a chord with people. you must’ve felt that way after you wrote what women want, right? that was a brilliant idea! talk about hitting the nail on the head.
diane: thanks. yeah, i have to say, when i first came up with that idea of a man who can read women’s minds i was excited and felt i’d stumbled onto something pretty universal. and thank you for the plug. (laughs)
kim: i’ve met people who feel their lives were affected by the before films, some who actually flew to europe and got on trains, or who got on amtrak here in america in search of a romantic adventure. that’s an amazing thing. one person told me that after watching the film he realized he was with the wrong woman, but he eventually found the right woman and is now happily married and he credits before sunrise. that’s pretty magical.
diane: that’s so cool! it’s really moving when people take the time to tell you how they’ve been touched by your work.
kim: i enjoyed creating those stories. it was one of those soul-searching things that i love, and i’m proud of my work on them. but having had that collaborative experience, twice now, i was ready to take on a new challenge.
d iane: hence, the book.
kim: yes. i’m a big book person. i was a literature major and i like nothing better than sinking into a really delicious book. but the idea for original sins came to me when i was watching a film, the lady from shanghai, directed by orson welles and in which rita hayworth plays an unhappily married woman.
the poster for the film shows rita looking over her shoulder and saying, “i told you . . . you know nothing about wickedness.” there’s this incredible scene at the end of the movie where rita’s character is in a hall of mirrors and she’s all dolled-up in a beautiful black suit, a black hat, and a graduated-bead necklace. her yucky husband shows up and she takes a gun out of her purse and shoots him. and i thought, “oh this is good to know. should i ever decide to shoot my husband in a hall of mirrors, i now know exactly what to what to wear!” so the idea for the book sprang from that.
diane: ha– it’s true, it’s always so tough to figure out what to wear to a murder, especially after labor day. i hope chip, (kim’s husband), has paid attention and knows to hightail it out of there if you ever show up dressed like that.
kim: are you kidding? he’s practically playing russian roulette just living in the same house with me. (laughs)
diane: why do you think you’re fascinated by femme fatales?
kim: my interest in the femme fatale probably began in earnest when i started attending my mother’s church when i was eleven years old. we read the genesis story, which i find quite beautiful and metaphorical, but as a child i was taught, without a hint of irony, that the first woman, eve, lured all of mankind away from an eternity in paradise and that her disobedience is the reason we suffer, get sick, and die. i spent years thinking about this, ruminating on the concept that a woman was blamed for all of our troubles. fortunately i see the humor in this. i see eve as the first femme fatale. and i was taught, in so many words, that women are suspect. now i think that’s funny. and i think we should just embrace it. hell yeah, we’re that powerful, so beware, mon cher!
diane: i loved that about the book. it’s not only very funny and clever, it’s genuinely eye-opening. and the insouciant voice of it is so much fun. if i may just quote one short passage here to illustrate,
“knowing that he was oh-so-close to living a kick ass life in paradise, man will never forgive himself for being such a patsy with eve.”
kim: i looked at history, mythology, the tabloid culture, and especially film, because the femme fatale really put the sin in cinema! i had so much fun researching and writing the book. i really love the femme fatale and i loved trying to crack who she really is.
diane: i was surprised, though, that you included marilyn monroe in a book about femme fatales, as she’s known for having been more of a victim.
kim: yes, but she played a fantastic femme fatale in niagara, which was a b-movie about a treacherous wife and her fragile husband. marilyn uses a different voice in this film, not the soft, little girl voice, and she seems to delight in torturing the poor husband, who’s some sort of ptsd case. and i believe marilyn was an extremely crafty, cunning woman. she learned to be so because of her victimization, after being in numerous foster homes and all. in fact, i believe most femme fatales are created through the tough times they encounter. marilyn hid behind the persona of the super-sensitive sex bomb, but she was also shrewd and quite strong.
diane: how did the writing process differ for you in writing a book versus writing a screenplay?
kim: interestingly, i think a book deals with another spot in your brain. with a screenplay you find the characters within yourself, but with a book you find yourself as a character.
diane: on a related note, i’ve always been intrigued by the name of a class you teach at ucla called “answering the muse”. can you talk a little about that?
kim: “answering the muse” is a creative writing class i developed for ucla extension. i based it on methods and techniques and attitudes i discovered that got me writing. i’m very interested in the psychology of creativity. i wrote my master’s thesis on this subject and i believe it’s possible to listen to the muse– which really means just opening up to that playful, creative side of your psyche– and to respond or “answer” her. most people who take the class can write productively and happily.
diane: what advice do you have for those who feel blocked?
kim: write a piece of crap. go ahead and write and don’t worry about the quality right now. tell the voice inside your head that’s being mean to you– this is the left brain inner critic– to shut the hell up. or, rather, reason with it to take a back seat while you get words on the page. writer’s block is fear. allowing yourself to write a piece of crap will help.
i believe the answers are on the inside, rather than on the outside, so listen to the part of you that’s dying to tell a story. there’s wisdom there if you’ll trust it and get out of its way.
diane: why do you think people want to be creative? what is that drive about?
kim: this is a very interesting question. i believe people want to give order to amorphous feelings. life can be difficult sometimes. it can be harsh and confusing. i think the modern euphemism is “challenging,” but i’d prefer some other term involving curse words!
to create anything – a screenplay, a book, a poem, a painting, a dance – gives order. it solves something in the person who created it and they feel a sense of relief, whether or not anyone else ever sees what they’ve created. in a way, doing creative work answers a question, or perhaps it defines the question in a satisfying way. of course it’s always nice when someone else reads the story we’ve written and approves our work, because we then feel a sense of connection to the world, but there’s value in being creative for its own sake, just for ourselves. i think a lot of us write or create our art for survival, for sanity, or even to make ourselves laugh and see the humor in some of the bonkers things that happen to us in this life.
diane: i agree with all you say, but given that, why do you think the theft of others’ work is such an issue in hollywood, and in journalism lately, for that matter? doesn’t to steal someone else’s ideas and work kind of defeat the purpose of wanting to live a creative life in the first place?
kim: completely. if one creates organically, out of an internal need to tell a particular story or explore a question, then they’re rewarded through the exploration of that idea and the attempt to express it. the reward is internal, it’s satisfying, and it’s fulfilling.
but we live in a world of “ownership” and, strangely, we’ve made art a business. and then money and power come into it. the whole point of the endeavor gets confused.
i always tell my writing students that the answer is inside, not outside. if one goes inside, there are stories to be found, questions to be explored. if a person is in contact with what they have inside, there’s no need to take other people’s work.
diane: i think there is the issue of ego as well. do you think these crimes of hollywood occur because of that?
kim: oh hell yes. yes. (laughs) but not healthy ego – weak, unhealthy ego. ego that needs to be rebuilt from the inside. because that external stuff going to work in the long run.
ironically, i think when you’re really writing the ego gets out of the way and you’re fueled by something else, an energy that’s beneath the ego. the ego is not helpful with creative work. the ego may be helpful afterward, when one needs the confidence and brass to get their work out in the world, but that’s a different phase altogether.
diane: i also believe the impulse to thievery is borne out of laziness, an unwillingness to do the hard work, as well as insecurity. those who don’t trust that they do have something worthwhile inside to draw upon tend to prey on the work of others. oh, and i forgot greed. i’d say i digress but, hey, speaking of prey and greed, back to your book… (laughs) it also deals with the theme of revenge. a lot of these women really are pretty unapologetically wicked, was it fun to explore that?
kim: extremely fun. i was interested in why these women were and are wicked – the origins of their wickedness. i did my research and i believe femme fatales have their reasons. there’s a code of conduct that any woman can study, should they, perhaps, want to be wicked too. (laughs)
one of my favorite things was researching exactly what we should wear when, say, we’re executed by firing squad, as was mata hari, who had the courage to blow a kiss to her executioners just before they opened fire. because, diane, we want to be polite and ladylike when we’re executed by firing squad!
diane: indeed! hm, does this interest in wickedness have anything to do with your experiences in hollywood?…
kim: oh, certainly. that and being alive on the planet! (laughs)
art is just the best way to express feelings. and sometimes you’ll find that if you go deeply enough into a sad thing — a tragedy, a wrong that makes you angry because of its injustice — what comes out the other side is comedy. comedy and insight and understanding.
diane: if you’re lucky… and if not, well, i guess there are always firearms, right?
kim: ha, yes, but i like to believe the macbook is mightier than the .38 special.
diane: and there’s usually less prison time involved.
kim: ain’t writing grand?
diane: i think we’ll leave it there. thanks so much for taking the time to share some of your experience and insights. and may i say, people are really in for a treat when they buy your book.
kim: thank you so much, diane! it’s a lot of fun to talk to a real hollywood fatale!
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xiaomi* həz əˈfɪʃəli ənˈveɪld ə nu smɑrt ˈroʊˌbət ˈklinər wɪʧ səˈpraɪzɪŋli ðə mi ˈroʊˌbət ˈvækjum 2 laɪk wi hæd θɔt ɪt wɑz. ðɪs ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli ə ˈprɑdəkt ˈəndər ðə ˈplætˌfɔrm ˈminɪŋ ɪt dɪˈrɛkli ˌmænjəˈfækʧərd baɪ bət ʤɪst laɪk ɪts fərst ˈmɑdəl, ˌmænjəˈfækʧərd ðɪs wən. ɪt əˈdɑpts ðə ˈmɑnɪkər swip wən, ən ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ɪz ˈwɔrmɪŋ əp tɪ goʊ ˈsoʊˌloʊ ənd kəmz ɪn wɪθ ə stip praɪs tæg əv 2499 juɑn 380 ðɪs ɪz weɪ haɪər ðə praɪs əv ðə mi ˈroʊˌbət ˈvækjum ˈklinər wɪʧ wɑz praɪst æt 1699 juɑn 258 wɪn ɪt wɑz lɔnʧt læst jɪr. swip wən ɪz ˈsɪmələr ɪn ˈmɛni rɪˈspɛkts tɪ ɪts ˈprɛdəˌsɛsər. ðə ˈroʊˌbət ɪz stɪl raʊnd ənd ɪkˈwɪpt wɪθ ə ˈleɪzər rangefinder*, wɪʧ ɪz muvd ˈkloʊzər tɪ ðə ˈsɛnər. ðə dɪˈvaɪs ˈɔlsoʊ kəmz wɪθ ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈsɛnsərz wɪʧ eɪdz ðə ˌroʊˈbɑtɪk ˈvækjum ˈklinər tɪ ˌsərkəmˈvɛnt ˈɑbstəkəlz, əˈvɔɪd stɛps, ʧuz ðə moʊst ɪˈfɪʃənt rut ənd kˈwɪkli faɪnd ə ˈʧɑrʤɪŋ ˈsteɪʃən. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfiʧərz ə mɔr ˈpaʊərfəl ˈɪnʤən wɪʧ kən kriˈeɪt ə ˈprɛʃər əv əp tɪ 2000 pɑ ɛz əˈgɛnst 1800 pɑ fər ðə fərst ˈmɑdəl. ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə lɑrʤ meɪn brəʃ ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɔn wən saɪd. wən nu ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv ˈfiʧər ɔn ðə swip wən ɪz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈkɛri aʊt wɛt ˈklinɪŋ. ɪt həz speɪs fər ə ˈwɔtər tæŋk wɪʧ ˈsprɪŋkəlz ˈwɔtər ɔn ðə flɔr, pərˈhæps ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈbɛtər riˈmuv dərt. ðə tæŋk kənˈteɪnz ˈwɔtər æt fʊl kəˈpæsɪti ðət kən læst fər əp tɪ 45 ˈmɪnəts tɪ 60 ˈmɪnəts əv ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ðə swip wən pæks ə ˈbætəri wɪʧ ɪz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ prəˈvaɪd aʊərz əv ˈbætəri laɪf, ɪkˈwɪvələnt tɪ ˈklinɪŋ ə rum. ðə dɪˈvaɪs ˈɔlsoʊ həz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ stɑrt ˈklinɪŋ wɪn ɪt ɪz ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ du soʊ ənd ˈjuzərz kən ˈspɛsəˌfaɪ ðə ˈɛriə əv ðə haʊs ðət nidz tɪ bi klind. ðiz tu ˈfəŋkʃənz kən bi ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪtɪd ɔn ðə mi æp. ɪt kən ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkris ɪts paʊər wɪn ə rəg ɪz dɪˈtɛktɪd. ðə ˈsɛnsər ˈɔlsoʊ ɪz ˌɪmˈpruvd fər ðə ˈroʊˌbət tɪ ˈbɛtər skæn ðə rum ənd plæn ə sˈwipɪŋ pæθ. rɛd mɔr: əv mi ˈroʊˌbət ˈvækjum ˈklinər dɪˈspaɪt ðə 2499 juɑn praɪs tæg, ðə swip wən ˈoʊnli spɛnt əˈbaʊt 3 aʊərz ɔn ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt kloʊzd wɪθ ˈoʊvər 10 ˈmɪljən juɑn reɪzd. noʊ wərd jɛt ɔn wɪn ɪt wɪl goʊ ɔn seɪl.
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xiaomi has officially unveiled a new smart robot cleaner which surprisingly isn’t the mi robot vacuum 2 like we had thought it was. this is actually a product under the crowdfunding platform meaning it isn’t directly manufactured by xiaomi but just like its first model, roborock manufactured this one. it adopts the moniker roborock sweep one, an indication that the company is warming up to go solo and comes in with a steep price tag of 2499 yuan ($380). this is way higher the price of the mi robot vacuum cleaner which was priced at 1699 yuan ($258) when it was launched last year.
roborock sweep one is similar in many respects to its predecessor. the robot is still round and equipped with a laser rangefinder, which is moved closer to the center. the device also comes with a number of sensors which aids the robotic vacuum cleaner to circumvent obstacles, avoid steps, choose the most efficient route and quickly find a charging station. it also features a more powerful engine which can create a pressure of up to 2000 pa as against 1800 pa for the first model. there is also a large main brush located on one side.
one new innovative feature on the roborock sweep one is the ability to carry out wet cleaning. it has space for a water tank which sprinkles water on the floor, perhaps in order to better remove dirt. the tank contains water at full capacity that can last for up to 45 minutes to 60 minutes of operation.
in addition, the sweep one packs a 5200mah battery which is designed to provide 2.5 hours of battery life, equivalent to cleaning a 250m2 room. the device also has the ability to start cleaning when it is scheduled to do so and users can specify the area of the house that needs to be cleaned. these two functions can be initiated on the mi app. it can also increase its power when a rug is detected. the lds sensor also is improved for the robot to better scan the room and plan a sweeping path.
read more: unboxing of xiaomi mi robot vacuum cleaner
despite the 2499 yuan price tag, the roborock sweep one only spent about 3 hours on crowdfunding before it closed with over 10 million yuan raised. no word yet on when it will go on sale.
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ə ˈpɛrədi sɔŋ ˈpoʊstɪd tɪ ən ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈvɪdioʊ ˈʃɛrɪŋ saɪt əˈkjuzɪz frɛnʧ ʤuz ənd ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz əv ˈweɪʤɪŋ ““war”*” ɔn ðə pur ənd biɪŋ ɪn shekels.”*.” ðə mˈjuzɪk ˈvɪdioʊ, ˈpoʊstɪd ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 28 ɔn ˈjuˌtub, ɪz pərˈfɔrmd ɪn ə ˈmɑkɪŋ staɪl, wɪθ ən ərˈeɪnʤmənt əv piˈænə, gɪˈtɑr, ˌtæmbərˈin ənd əˈkɔrdiən baɪ fɔr pərˈfɔrmərz ˈwɛrɪŋ blæk ˈlɛðər kloʊðz. du ðə ˈbɔɪˌkɑt ˌɛniˈmɔr, ˈɪzriəl ɪz maɪ ˈmæˌskɑt. aɪ wɪl baɪ ɔl ðə ˈprɑdəkts, əˈspɛʃəli frəm ðə settlements,”*,” ðə ˈlɪrɪks rɛd. gɪt ðə taɪmz əv ˈɪzriəlz ˈdeɪli ɪˈdɪʃən baɪ iˈmeɪl ənd ˈnɛvər mɪs ɑr tɔp ˈstɔriz fri saɪn əp ðə ˈsɪŋər kənˈtɪnjuz, seɪɪŋ ʃi wɪl ˈlɪsən tɪ ˈsɪŋər ˈpætrɪk ənd ˈædvərˌtaɪz fəˈlɑsəfər ˈbərnərd henri-levy*, huz ˈækrənɪm, bhl*, raɪmz ɪn frɛnʧ wɪθ ðə neɪm. wɪl nɑt spik əv ˈbɑmɪŋz ˌɛniˈmɔr, ər əv ðə ˈtɔrʧər əv children,”*,” ʃi sɪŋz, əˈludɪŋ tɪ wɔrz əˈgɛnst ˌhɑˈmɑs ɪn ˈgɑzə. wɪl kɔl ɔl anti-semites,”*,” ʃi kənˈtɪnjuz, ˈmuvɪŋ ɔn tɪ laɪnz ðət ˌɪnˈsɪst ðət frɛnʧ ˈprɛzɪdənt frɑnsˈwɑ ɪz ɪn shekels,”*,” ɛz ɪz ““goldnadel,”*,” ˈlɔjər, ˈkɑləmnəst ənd ˈpəblɪsɪst goldnadel*. ðə sɔŋ goʊz ɔn tɪ neɪm frɛnʧ ʤuɪʃ ˈəmˌbrɛlə ˈbɑdi ənd əˈkjuz ʤuz əv biɪŋ rɪʧ ənd ˈweɪʤɪŋ ɔn ðə riffraff.”*.” wɪl nɑt goʊ tɪ ˈproʊˌtɛsts ˌɛniˈmɔr, bət ˈoʊnli tɪ ˈdɪnərz, aɪ wɪl weɪʤ wɔr ɔn ðə ˈrɪˌfræf ənd wɪl lɪv ɪn versailles.”*.” ðə sɔŋ ɪz baɪ ə bænd kɔld ə ˈpɛrədi əv tu ˈfeɪməs ˌɪzˈreɪli ˈprɑdəkts, ˈkɑrməl waɪnz ənd ˈʤæfə ˈɔrɪnʤɪz. ɪt həz ˈgɑrnərd səm vjuz ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk. səm ˈɔnˌlaɪn vjuərz heɪld ðə bænd fər ðɪs pɪl [əv əˈlɛʤd grɪp ɔn fræns] ˈizi tɪ sˈwɔloʊ wɪθ humor.”*.” ˈəðərz mɑkt ðə ˈmɛsɪʤ: ˈjɔrsɛlvz wɪθ ðə ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz ənd jʊr frɛndz frəm ˈaɪsəs [ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt] wɪn ðeɪ rɪˈtərn tɪ france.”*.” əˈnəðər ˈkɑmɛntər roʊt: aɪˈdiə, goʊɪŋ tɪ du ðə seɪm [ˈpɛrədi] ɔn ju maɪ dɪr ˈlɛftɪsts, ənd əv wət ju hæv meɪd əv fræns, wɪˈθaʊt fərˈgɛtɪŋ ðə ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ju hæv kriˈeɪtɪd wɪn ju bɔt ˈsoʊʃəl justice.”*.”
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a french-language parody song posted to an online video sharing site accuses french jews and politicians of waging “war” on the poor and being “paid in shekels.”
the music video, posted on february 28 on youtube, is performed in a mocking chanson style, with an arrangement of piano, guitar, tambourine and accordion by four performers wearing black leather clothes.
“i won’t do the boycott anymore, israel is my mascot. i will buy all the products, especially from the settlements,” the lyrics read.
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the singer continues, saying she will listen to french-jewish singer patrick bruel and advertise french-jewish philosopher bernard henri-levy, whose acronym, bhl, rhymes in french with the name bruel.
“i will not speak of bombings anymore, or of the torture of children,” she sings, alluding to israel’s wars against hamas in gaza.
“i will call all anti-zionists anti-semites,” she continues, moving on to lines that insist that french president francois hollande is “paid in shekels,” as is “goldnadel,” french-israeli lawyer, columnist and publicist gilles-william goldnadel.
the song goes on to name french jewish umbrella body crif and accuse jews of being rich and waging “war on the riffraff.”
“i will not go to protests anymore, but only to crif dinners, i will wage war on the riffraff and will live in versailles.”
the song is by a band called karmel japha a parody of two famous israeli products, carmel wines and jaffa oranges. it has garnered some 55,000 views on facebook.
some online viewers hailed the band for “making this pill [of israel’s alleged grip on france] easy to swallow with humor.”
others mocked the band’s message: “amuse yourselves with the refugees and your friends from isis [islamic state] when they return to france.”
another commenter wrote: “great idea, i’m going to do the same [parody] on you my dear leftists, and of what you have made of france, without forgetting the terrorists you have created when you bought social justice.”
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ki pɔɪnts ənˈlaɪk ˈʧaɪnə, wɪʧ həz sɪˈkjʊrd sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ənd strəˈtiʤɪk kənˈsɛʃənz ɪn, ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ɪz ənˈlaɪkli tɪ stænd ɪn ðə weɪ əv ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns. waɪl ɪt ɪz ˈʤɛnərəli ˌəndərˈstʊd ðət ðə ˈlaɪkli rɪˈspɑns əv ˈwɛstərn ˈneɪbərz tɪ ˈɛni bɪd fər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ɪn ˌpækɪˈstæni wɪl bi ˈdrɪvən baɪ ðə əˈpoʊzɪŋ goʊlz əv rɪˈzɪstɪŋ pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌɪrəˈdɛntɪzəm ənd ˈwikənɪŋ ˈpækɪˌstæn, ðə strɛŋθ əv ˈsɛnəmənt əˈməŋ ðə ˈpipəl simz tɪ bi ˌoʊvərˈreɪtɪd. ˈgɪvɪn ðə læk əv əˈwɛrnəs əˈbaʊt wɪˈθɪn ˈɪndiə, ðə dɪˈvɪʒənz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈɪndiən ˌɪnˌtɛləˈʤɛntsiə ənd ˈmidiə ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu, ənd ðə ˈmɪnɪskjul ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ɪn ˈɪndiə, ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈizi tɪ ˈpəblɪk əˈpɪnjən tɪ kəmˈpɛl ðə ˈɪndiən ˈgəvərnmənt, wɪʧ simz tɪ læk boʊθ ə klɪr ˈpɑləsi ənd əˈfɛnsɪv strəˈtiʤɪk ˈæˌsɛts ˌɪnˈsaɪd ər ɪn ɪts ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ðə ˈpipəl. ˈpɑləsi ʃʊd bi beɪst ɔn ə əˈsɛsmənt əv ɪts steɪks ənd ɪts ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin ˈminɪŋfəli. ɪn ˈɛni keɪs, ðə ˈɪʃu ʃʊd nɑt bi juzd ɛz ə ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ ʧɪp ər tɪ ˈpækɪˌstæn ˈprɑbləm bɪˈkəz ənd wɪl hɑrm boʊθ ðə kɔz ənd ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈɪntərɪsts. ˈsəməri ðɪs ˈpeɪpər, ðə ˈsɛkənd əv ə əˈsɛsmənt, ɪˈvæljuˌeɪts ðə ˈpɑsəbəl ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl rɪˈspɑnsɪz tɪ ðə ˈmuvmənt fər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns. ðə ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz fər ˈɪndiə əv ˈdipər ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt ɪn ðə kɔz ər ˈɔlsoʊ ɪgˈzæmənd. ðə kəmˈpɛrəsənz ðət ər ˈɔfən drɔn wɪθ ðə ˈimərʤəns əv ˈbæŋləˌdɛʃ ɛz ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt steɪt ər ˈkrɪtɪkəli ɪgˈzæmənd. ɛz ˈnoʊtɪd ɪn pɑrt wən, ðə ˈpipəl lɪv fərˈgɑtən ɪn ə ˈrisɔrs rɪʧ, strəˈtiʤɪk ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri. ðeɪ ˈbrifli keɪm ˈɪntu ðə ˈlaɪmˌlaɪt læst jɪr ˈæftər ðə ˈɪndiən ˈgəvərnmənt dru əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ˈjumən raɪts vaɪəˈleɪʃənz ɪn ˈprɑvɪns ənd ə fju ˈlidərz sɔt pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈsaɪləm ənd səˈpɔrt frəm ˈɪndiə fər ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ə. ðiz dɪˈvɛləpmənts reɪzd ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz əˈbaʊt əˈbɪləˌti tɪ fəˈsɪləˌteɪt ðə sɪˈsɛʃən əv lɑ ˈpækɪˌstæn. ðoʊz ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz wər beɪst ɔn ən ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk vju ðət rɪˈlaɪd ɔn kəmˈpɛrəsənz bɪtˈwin ðə əv 2016 ənd ist ˈpækɪˌstæn əv 1971 ənd kənˈfaʊndɪd ðə dɪˌzaɪrəˈbɪlɪti əv ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns wɪθ ɪts ˌfizəˈbɪləti. ðə fərst pɑrt əv ðɪs ˈpeɪpər səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ðə ˈpipəl hæv tɪ bi vjud ɛz ɛmˈbɛdɪd wɪˈθɪn ˈpækɪˌstæn ənd ðə ˈwaɪdər ˈriʤən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˌɪˈrɑn ənd æfˈgænəˌstæn. ɪn ðɪs ˈpeɪpər, ɪt ɪz səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ðə səkˈsɛs əv bɪd fər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns dɪˈpɛndz ˈkrɪtɪkəli əˈpɑn ðə rɪˈspɑnsɪz əv æfˈgænəˌstæn, ˈʧaɪnə, ˌɪˈrɑn, ˈrəʃə, ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ˈɪndiə. ˈpækɪˌstæn həz ˈɔfərd sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ənd strəˈtiʤɪk kənˈsɛʃənz tɪ ˈʧaɪnə ɪn, tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ɪt ɪz nɑt wɪˈθaʊt ˈælaɪz ɔn ðə frənt. ˈrəʃə wɪl əˈlaɪn wɪθ ˈʧaɪnə ɔn ðɪs ˈɪʃu, wɛˈræz ðə ˈjuˈɛs ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi əˈlaɪnd əˈgɛnst ˈʧaɪnə. waɪl ɪt ɪz ˈʤɛnərəli ˌəndərˈstʊd ðət ðə ˈlaɪkli rɪˈspɑns əv ˈwɛstərn ˈneɪbərz tɪ ˈɛni bɪd fər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ɪn ˌpækɪˈstæni wɪl bi ˈdrɪvən baɪ ðə əˈpoʊzɪŋ goʊlz əv rɪˈzɪstɪŋ pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌɪrəˈdɛntɪzəm ənd ˈwikənɪŋ ˈpækɪˌstæn, ðə strɛŋθ əv ˈsɛnəmənt əˈməŋ ðə ˈpipəl simz tɪ bi ˌoʊvərˈreɪtɪd. ˈɪndiə wʊd hæv tɪ teɪk ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt ðiz pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl rɪˈspɑnsɪz tɪ ə bɪd fər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns, bət ɪts oʊn rɪˈspɑns ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi ʃeɪpt ˈlɑrʤli baɪ dəˈmɛstɪk ˈfæktərz. ˈgɪvɪn ðə læk əv əˈwɛrnəs əˈbaʊt wɪˈθɪn ˈɪndiə, ðə dɪˈvɪʒənz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈɪndiən ˌɪnˌtɛləˈʤɛntsiə ənd ˈmidiə ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu, ənd ðə ˈmɪnɪskjul ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ɪn ˈɪndiə, ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈizi tɪ ˈpəblɪk əˈpɪnjən tɪ kəmˈpɛl ðə ˈɪndiən ˈgəvərnmənt, wɪʧ simz tɪ læk boʊθ ə klɪr ˈpɑləsi tɪ dil wɪθ ðə ˈɪʃu ənd əˈfɛnsɪv strəˈtiʤɪk ˈæˌsɛts ˌɪnˈsaɪd ər ɪn ɪts ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, tɪ ækt ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ðə ˈpipəl. ˈɪndiə ʃʊd ˌdɪˈsaɪd əˈpɑn ðə skeɪl əv ɪts ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt wɪθ ðə kɔz θru ə əˈsɛsmənt əv ɪts ˈɪntərɪsts ənd ɪts ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin ˈminɪŋfəli ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ðə ˈpipəl. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt məst nɑt juz ðə ˈɪʃu ɛz ə ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ ʧɪp ər ə tɪ ðə θrɛt poʊzd baɪ ˈpækɪˌstæn bɪˈkəz ənd wɪl hɑrm ðə ˈpipəl ənd rɪˈdus ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ paʊər ˈpækɪˌstæn. æˈnælɪsɪs ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈæˌspɛkts ˈɛni fˈjuʧər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns dɪˈpɛndz ˈkrɪtɪkəli əˈpɑn ðə rɪˈspɑnsɪz əv æfˈgænəˌstæn, ˈʧaɪnə, ˌɪˈrɑn, ˈrəʃə, ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ðə ˈjuˈɛs wɪl nɑt ˈoʊpənli səˈpɔrt ˌɪnˈsərʤənts bət, ənˈlaɪk ˈʧaɪnə, ɪt ɪz ənˈlaɪkli tɪ ˌɪmˈpid ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns. ðə ˈjuˈɛs noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ˌɛnˈʤɔɪz ˈfridəm əv ˈmuvmənt əˈkrɔs ˈpækɪˌstæn ənd wɪl, ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ðə kriˈeɪʃən əv ə jɛt əˈnəðər ˈlɪtərəl steɪt ɪn ðə ˈriʤən ðət wʊd prəˈvaɪd ɪt wɪθ dɪˈrɛkt ˈækˌsɛs tɪ æfˈgænəˌstæn ənd bɪɔnd. ðɪs wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlɛsən ðə ˈstræŋgəˌlhoʊld əv ˈʧaɪnə ənd ˈrəʃə ˈoʊvər ˈsɛntrəl ˈeɪʒə, wɪʧ wɪl əˈgɛn ˈbɛnəfɪt ðə ˈjuˈɛs. ˈpækɪˌstæn həz ˈɔfərd sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ənd strəˈtiʤɪk kənˈsɛʃənz tɪ ˈʧaɪnə ɪn (ɛz wɛl ɛz ɪn ˈəðər ˈprɑvənsəz), tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr, əˈməŋ ˈəðər θɪŋz, ðət ɪt ɪz nɑt wɪˈθaʊt ˈælaɪz ɔn ðə frənt. ɪz ðə əv ðə ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈkɔrɪdər (cpec*) ðət rənz θru ðə lɛŋθ əv ˈpækɪˌstæn ənd kəˈnɛkts ɪt wɪθ ˈʧaɪnə (si mæp 7 bɪˈloʊ) [nb*: mæp ˈnəmbərz kənˈtɪnju frəm pɑrt wən]. baɪ ɪnˈkərəʤɪŋ ˈʧaɪnə, ə ˈvɛri strɔŋ steɪt ənd ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈkaʊnsəl ˈmɛmbər wɪθ noʊ ˈjumən raɪts kənˈsərnz əv ɪts oʊn, tɪ əkˈwaɪər ə lɔŋ tərm steɪk ɪn ˈrɛstɪv, ˈpækɪˌstæn hoʊps tɪ ˈwikən ðə ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ paʊər əv raɪts grups. ðɪs riˈmaɪndz əv ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns əv ˈɛˈsɑˈraɪ ˈlæŋkən ˈtæmɪlz ˈəndər rajapaksa*. ˈrəʃə ənd ˈʧaɪnə wɪl ˈfeɪvər ðə ˈstætəs kwoʊ, dɪˈspaɪt ˈhævɪŋ ˈsəfərd du tɪ ˈtɛrərɪst ˈheɪvənz ɪn ˈpækɪˌstæn. ˈrəʃə, wɪθ ɪts sɔft kɔˈkeɪʒən ˈəndərˌbɛli, ənd ˈʧaɪnə, wɪθ ˈsɪriəs ˈprɑbləmz ɪn ɪts ˈwɛstərn məˈnɔrəti ˈprɑvənsəz, hæv noʊ ˈæpəˌtaɪt fər sɪˈsɛʃənɪst ˈmuvmənts. mɔˈroʊvər, ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət ˌɪmˈpruvz ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈɔpʃənz fər ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈeɪʒən riˈpəblɪks ɪz nɑt ɪn ðə ˈɪntərɪsts əv ˈiðər. ˈʧaɪnə, fər ɪts pɑrt, hoʊps tɪ ˈkɑnvərt ðə hoʊl əv ðə ˈriʤən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈsɛntrəl ˈeɪʒə ənd æfˈgænəˌstæn, ˈɪntu ə ʧip səˈplaɪər əv ˈɛnərʤi ənd ˈmɪnərəlz fər ɪts ɪkˈspændɪŋ ɪˈkɑnəmi. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ˈʧaɪnə həz ˈkəltəˌveɪtɪd ˈpækɪˌstæn ɛz ə fɔrs ˈməltəˌplaɪər əˈgɛnst ˈɪndiə. ɪt wɪl ˈstrɔŋli əˈpoʊz ə frɛʃ pɑrˈtɪʃən əv ˈpækɪˌstæn, wɪʧ wʊd swɪŋ ðə ˈbæləns əv paʊər bɪtˈwin ˈɪndiə ənd ˈpækɪˌstæn ɪnˈtaɪərli ɪn ðə ˈfeɪvər əv ðə ˈfɔrmər ənd rɪˈdus ðə dɪˈgri əv ˈfridəm ɪt həz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd soʊ fɑr ˈvizəvi ˈɪndiə. ðɪs kʊd bi əˈnəðər ˈrizən waɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi dɪˈspoʊzd təˈwɔrdz ə pəˈtɛnʃəli ˌriɪnˈvɪgərˌeɪtɪd ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ˈmuvmənt. ðə ʧaɪˈniz ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn mˈjɑnˈmɑr ənd ˈɛˈsɑˈraɪ ˈlæŋkə, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, səˈʤɛsts ðət əˈpɑn ənˌrɛprɪˈzɛntətɪv ər ˌənˈpɑpjələr ˈgəvərnmənts tɪ sɪˈkjʊr ˈlukrətɪv dilz həz ɪts oʊn ˈlɪmɪts. ˈʧaɪnə həz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ə ˈvɛri lɔŋ ˈpɪriəd əv kloʊz riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ˈpækɪˌstæn, bət ðət kʊd ʧeɪnʤ, ˈivɪn ɪf tɪ ə smɔl ɪkˈstɛnt, ɪf ðə ˈɑrmi ɪz kət daʊn tɪ saɪz. mɔˈroʊvər, ˈtrəbəl ɪn ðə ˈwaɪdər ˈmærəˌtaɪm ˈneɪbərˌhʊd kʊd dɪˈstrækt ˈʧaɪnə frəm saʊθ ˈeɪʒə. ˌɪnˈsərʤənts hæv bɪn əˈtækɪŋ ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ˈprɑʤɛkts, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈwərkərz frəm ˈpənˌʤæb ənd ˈʧaɪnə, ɪn ðɛr ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri. ðə fˈjuʧər trəˈʤɛktəri əv ʧaɪˈniz ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts ɪn ˈpækɪˌstæn, ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ðɛr ˌɪnstəˈbɪlɪti, həz bɪn ɪgˈzæmənd æt səm lɛŋθ ɪn ən ˈərliər əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt ˈpeɪpər. ən əˈdɪʃənəl fækt wʊd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, bɛr ˈnoʊtɪŋ hir. ðə ˌɪnˈsərʤənsi ənd ðə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ɪt hæv dɪˈspleɪst tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈpipəl. ðə ˈmæsɪv ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ənd ˈmaɪnɪŋ ˈprɑʤɛkts ər ˈædɪŋ tɪ ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˌɪnˈtərnəl dɪˈspleɪsmənt θru ðə əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃən əv lænd ənd ˈwɔtər ˈrisɔrsɪz ənd ðə ˈsɛtəlmənt əv mɔr ˈplaɪəbəl ˈwərkərz frəm ˈəðər ˈprɑvənsəz. hɪˈstɔrɪkəli, ðə læk əv ˈfrɛʃˌwɔtər həz bɪn ə ki ˈfæktər ɪn ˈlɪmətɪŋ ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ˈwɔtər ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ ˈimərʤ ɛz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt sɔrs əv ˈkɑnflɪkt, wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈpipəl dɪˈmændɪŋ praɪˈɔrəti ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈwɔtər ˈrisɔrsɪz əv ðɪs ˈhɛvəli ˈprɑvɪns. ðiz dɪˈvɛləpmənts ˈkænɑt bət ˈægrəˌveɪt ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˌɪnˈsərʤənsi. ˈneɪbərz, æfˈgænəˌstæn ənd ˌɪˈrɑn, wɪl bi ˈdrɪvən baɪ əˈpoʊzɪŋ goʊlz: ˈwikənɪŋ ˈpækɪˌstæn ənd rɪˈzɪstɪŋ pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌɪrəˈdɛntɪzəm. baɪˈlætərəli, æfˈgænəˌstæn ənd ˌɪˈrɑn wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi pəˈtɛnʃəli lɑkt ɪn ə ˈziroʊˌsəm ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt. ˈlænˌdlɑkt æfˈgænəˌstæn wʊd geɪn frəm ðə kriˈeɪʃən əv jɛt əˈnəðər ˈɪndiən ˈoʊʃən ˈlɪtərəl steɪt ɛz ðət wʊd rɪˈdus ðə ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ paʊər əv ˌɪˈrɑn (ənd ˈpækɪˌstæn) ˈoʊvər ɪt. ˈəndər ðə ʃɑ, ˌɪˈrɑn səˈpɔrtɪd kæmˈpeɪn əˈgɛnst ðə waɪl, æt ðə seɪm taɪm, æfˈgænəˌstæn səˈpɔrtɪd ðə ˌpækɪˈstæni ˌɪnˈsərʤənts. ðə (ˈsuni) ˈærəb rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə 1979 ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˌrɛvəˈluʃən ɪn ˌɪˈrɑn droʊv ə sɛkˈtɛriən wɛʤ ˈɪntu ðə ˈriʤən ənd (ˈʃiə) ˌɪˈrɑn faʊnd ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɔn ðə rɪˈsivɪŋ ɛnd əv ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ˈspɑnsərd baɪ ˈærəb ˈkəntriz, wɪʧ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ˈoʊpən əˈnəðər frənt tɪ dɪˈvaɪd ðə əˈtɛnʃən əv ðə ˈfɔrmər. ˌɪsˈlæməbæd həz, ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, juzd ˈsuni ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ɛz ə ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ ʧɪp tɪ ˈlɪmət ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈʃiə ˈæktɪˌvɪzəm ˌɪnˈsaɪd ˈpækɪˌstæn. waɪl ˌɪˈrɑn fɪrz ˌɪrəˈdɛntɪzəm, ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt wʊd bi ənˈlaɪkli tɪ ənd baluchestan*. ðə ˈbɔrdər dɪz nɑt dɪˈvaɪd ˈmeɪʤər ənd ðɛr ɪz ˈlɪtəl bɪtˈwin ðə ˌɪnˈsərʤənts əv ðə tu ˈkəntriz. ˌɪnˈsərʤənts ər ˈsɛkjələr ˈnæʃənəlɪsts, waɪl (baloch*) ˈtɛrər ˈaʊtˌfɪts ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ əˈkrɔs ðə ˈbɔrdər ɪn ˌɪˈrɑn ər ˈdrɪvən baɪ sɛkˈtɛriəˌnɪzəm ənd ər prɑpt əp baɪ ˈfɔrən səˈpɔrt. ðə ˈmoʊstli ˈsuni ˌɪˈrɑniən ər ˈstrəgəlɪŋ fər ðɛr raɪts ˈəndər ə ˈʃiə steɪt, wɪʧ ˈtɔlərˌeɪts ðə ˈsuni rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈlidərˌʃɪp ənd trits ðə ˈsɛkjələr ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ənd trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈtraɪbəl ˈlidərˌʃɪp ɛz ˈbɪgər θrɛts. ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ðɛr ˌpækɪˈstæni ˈkəzənz ər ˈfaɪtɪŋ əˈgɛnst ə ˈsuni steɪt ðət əˈdæptɪd ðə ˈpɑləsiz əv ənd ˌɪndərˈɛkt rul θru trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈlidərz ðət ɪt ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd frəm ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ. ðə ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsɛtɪŋ pərˈhæps ɪkˈspleɪnz ðə ˌaɪdiəˈlɑʤɪkəl dɪˈvərʤəns bɪtˈwin ðə ˈmuvmənts ɪn ðə tu ˈkəntriz. mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, ɪkˈspɪriəns səˈʤɛsts ðət ˌɪˈrɑn nid nɑt fɪr ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt. ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns əv ˈbæŋləˌdɛʃ dɪd nɑt wɛst ˈbɛŋgəl ənd ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns əv ˌɑzərbaɪˈʤɑn dɪd nɑt əˈfɛkt əˈzɛri ˈprɑvənsəz. ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz, ˌɪrəˈdɛntɪzəm ˈtɑrgətɪŋ æfˈgænəˌstæn həz ɪts oʊn ˈlɪmɪts. ðə ˌsɛpərˈeɪʃən əv ˈɛriəz əv æfˈgænəˌstæn ɪz nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈizi, ɛz fɔr ˈprɑvənsəz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ θri ɪn wɪʧ ðə ər ə məˈnɔrəti, wʊd hæv tɪ bi ˈbɪfərˌkeɪtɪd. ðət ɪz əˈsumɪŋ, əv kɔrs, ðət ðə ˈpipəl ər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ʤɔɪn ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt. ðɛr ɪz əˈnəðər ˈnoʊtˌwərði ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ˈpækɪˌstæn ənd ˌɪˈrɑn ɪn rɪˈspɛkt tɪ ðə kˈwɛʃən. ɪn ˈpækɪˌstæn, ðə ˈsɛnəmənt ɪz ˌriɪnˈfɔrst baɪ ˈɛθnɪk ˌpərsəˈkjuʃən, ˌɛkˌsplɔɪˈteɪʃən əv ˈmɪnərəl wɛlθ, əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃən əv lænd, ˌdɛməˈgræfɪk ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ, məˌnɪpjəˈleɪʃən əv ðə ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈprɔˌsɛs, dɪˈnaɪəl əv ə ˈraɪtfəl ʃɛr ɪn ðə ˈpəblɪk paɪ, ənd ə ““kill-and-dump”*” counter-insurgency*. ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ðə əv ˌɪˈrɑn ˈmeɪnli ˈsəfər frəm ənd ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk nɪˈglɛkt ənd, ðəs, kən bi əsˈweɪʤd baɪ ˈgreɪtər ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv ənd ˈkəlʧərəl əˈtɑnəmi, pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən ənd ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk səˈpɔrt. ɪn ˈɛni keɪs, ˈʧɔɪsɪz wɪl ˈɪnfluəns ðə rɪˈspɑns əv ðə ˈsuni ˈmɑnɑrkiz ɪn ðə ˈpərʒən gəlf ˈriʤən (si ˈfʊtˌnoʊt 1 ənd ˈɔlsoʊ əˈfɛkt ˈʧɔɪsɪz. kən ˈɪndiə pleɪ gʊd səˈmɛrɪtən? læst jɪr ˈɪndiə vɔɪst kənˈsərnz əˈbaʊt. ðɪs kʊd bi sin ɛz pɑrt əv ɪts ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ɪkˈspɛrəmənts wɪθ ðə juz əv nɑn- ənd ˈɔpʃənz tɪ dil wɪθ ɪt ɪz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, tu ˈərli tɪ seɪ ɪf ðɛr ɪz ə səˈsteɪnəbəl ˈstrəkʧərəl ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ˈpækɪˌstæn ˈpɑləsi, ɛz ðə ˈgəvərnmənt həz nɑt jɛt ɪˈlæbəreɪtəd ˈɛni nu ˈpɑləsi tɪ dil wɪθ ðə ˈɪʃu. læst dəˈbeɪt ɔn ɪn ˈɪndiə wɑz ˈdrɪvən ɪnˈtaɪərli baɪ ə fju ˈkrɪptɪk ˈsteɪtmənts əv ðə praɪm ənd ðə ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən ˈoʊvər pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈsaɪləm fər ˈɛkˌsaɪld ˈlidərz ənd səˈpɔrt fər ə ˈpɑsəbəl ˈdæmpənd wɪˈθaʊt ˈfərðər ˈɪnˌpʊts frəm ðə ˈsəbsəkwənt ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃənz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈmoʊtɪvz dɪd nɑt læst lɔŋ moʊst ˈrisəntli, ɔn 1 mɑrʧ 2017 ˈɪndiə wəns əˈgɛn rɪˈfərd tɪ æt ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz. ðə sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns, ər ðə læk əv ɪt, əv ðɪs ˈsteɪtmənt wʊd bɛr ə ˈlɪtəl ɪˌlæbərˈeɪʃən. ənˈlaɪk ðə ˈməltəpəl ənd ˈrɛfərənsɪz tɪ ɪn ˈsteɪtmənts ənd rɪˈplaɪz æt ðə ˈsɛʃən ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər 2016 ˈɪndiə həz soʊ fɑr reɪzd ðə ˈɪʃu ˈoʊnli wəns æt ðə ðɪs jɪr, ənd ðət wɑz ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ə ˈsteɪtmənt baɪ ˈpækɪˌstæn. waɪl wən ɪkˈspɛktɪd ə mɔr nuɑnst ˈsteɪtmənt, ðɪs ˈrɛfərəns tɪ wɑz mɔr ər lɛs ə məˈkænɪkəl ˌrɛpəˈtɪʃən əv wən əv læst ˈsteɪtmənts. ðə ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt (ənd ðə ˈrulɪŋ tɪ səˈsteɪn moʊˈmɛntəm kən bi vjud ɪn θri ˈdɪfərənt weɪz. fərst, pərˈhæps ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz ˈmɪrli traɪɪŋ tɪ dɪˈvərt əˈtɛnʃən ənd skɔr ə fju ˈbraʊni pɔɪnts. ˈsɛkənd, ðə ˈgəvərnmənt læks ˈklɛrɪti əˈbaʊt ðə əˈbʤɛktɪvz əv ɪts ˈfɔreɪ. θərd, ðɪs ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz jɛt tɪ kəm tɪ tərmz wɪθ ðə ˌriˈæləˌti ðət, ɪn lɑrʤ dɪˈmɑkrəsiz, ˈlɔŋˌstændɪŋ ˈpɑləsiz ˈkænɑt bi ʧeɪnʤd əˈbrəptli du tɪ ðə ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti ɪn dəˈmɛstɪk əˈpɪnjən, əˈməŋ ˈəðər θɪŋz. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, ɪn ðə ˈæbsəns əv ə ˈpɑləsi ˈsteɪtmənt ɪt ɪz nɑt klɪr ɪf ðə ˈgəvərnmənt həz ə lɔŋ- tərm plæn ər ɪf ɪt ˈivɪn vjuz ðə ˈɪʃu ɛz ə ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ ʧɪp wɪθ ˈpækɪˌstæn. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt həz ˈɔlsoʊ nɑt spɛld aʊt ðə pərˈæmətərz fər ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ ðə dɪˌzaɪrəˈbɪlɪti ənd ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti əv ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ ɪn. ɪn ðə ʃɔrt rən, ˌɪrəˈspɛktɪv əv ˈpɑləsi təˈwɔrdz, ˈpækɪˌstæn wɪl nɑt dɪsˈmænəl ðə ˈtɛrər ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər bɪlt ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz ənd ɪts ˈpeɪtrən, ˈʧaɪnə, wɪl kənˈtɪnju tɪ traɪ tɪ kənˈteɪn ˈɪndiə baɪ, əˈməŋ ˈəðər θɪŋz, ˈɑrmɪŋ ˈpækɪˌstæn ənd ˈʃildɪŋ ˈtɛrər grups. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ʃʊd nɑt bi ˈəndər ðə ˌɪˈluʒən ðət ˈstɪrɪŋ klɪr əv wɪl əˈfɛkt ə ʧeɪnʤ əv hɑrt ɪn ˌræwɔlˈpɪndi ənd hɛlp tɪ roʊl bæk ˈspɑnsərˌʃɪp əv ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm. ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz, ɪt ʃʊd nɑt dɪˈfər tɪ ʧaɪˈniz ˈɪntərɪsts ɪn ˈəndər ðə ˌɪˈluʒən ðət ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ wɪl əˈkɑməˌdeɪt ˈɪndiən ˈɪntərɪsts ˈɛlsˌwɛr. ɪf ˈɪndiə ““intervened”*” ɪn, ɪts taɪz wɪθ ˈpækɪˌstæn (ənd ˈʧaɪnə) ˈkænɑt bɪˈkəm məʧ wərs ðən ðeɪ ɔˈrɛdi ər. waɪl ˈɪndiə ʃʊd nɑt əˈlaʊ ɪts ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ˈkælkjələs tɪ bi ˈmədid baɪ mɪˈspleɪst hoʊps əv ˈbɛtər taɪz wɪθ ˈpækɪˌstæn (ənd ˈʧaɪnə), ˈniðər ʃʊd ɪt ʃʊd bi əˈbaʊt ðə lɔŋ tərm ˈprɑspɛkts. nu ˈdɛli ʃʊd nɑt səˈpɔrt ðə kɔz ˈəndər ðə ˌɪˈluʒən ðət ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt wɪl ɪmˈbreɪs ˈsɛkjələr dɪˈmɑkrəsi ər prəˈvaɪd ˈɪndiə wɪθ ˌprɛfərˈɛnʃəl ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈmɪnərəl wɛlθ ənd ˈoʊvərˌlænd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ æfˈgænəˌstæn. ðə ˈbæŋləˌdɛʃi ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪz ˈsoʊbərɪŋ. ðə ˈsɛkjələr ˈbæŋləˌdɛʃi ˌlɪˌbərˈeɪʃən ˈmuvmənt lɔst graʊnd tɪ rɪˈlɪʤəs ɪkˈstriməsts ənd tɪ ðə ˈɑrmi, wɪʧ kənˈdoʊnd (ənd, ˈɔfən, səˈpɔrtɪd) ˌɪnˈsərʤənsiz ənd ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ˈtɑrgətɪŋ ˈɪndiə. ənˈtɪl ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˈbæŋləˌdɛʃ dɪd nɑt prəˈvaɪd ˈɪndiə wɪθ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˌnɔrˈθist. ɪn ðə ˈminˌtaɪm, ˈʧaɪnə, wɪʧ əˈpoʊzd ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns, ˈimərʤd ɛz ɪts meɪn ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈpɑrtnər ənd dɪˈfɛns səˈplaɪər. ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz, ˈʧaɪnə kʊd ˈvɛri ˈlaɪkli sɪˈkjʊr dilz əˈhɛd əv ˈɪndiə ɪn ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ðɪs ɪz nɑt seɪ ðət ˈɪndiə ʃʊd nɑt ˌɪntərˈvin ɪn, ˈoʊnli ðət ɪt ʃʊd fərst ˈklɪrli əˈsɛs ðə ˈpɑsəbəl ˈaʊtˌkəmz. waɪl ˈlɪtəl ɪz noʊn əˈbaʊt ðə ˈpɑləsi, ˈnɑlɪʤ əv məˈtɪriəl kəˈpæsɪti tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin ɪn ɪz ˈivɪn mɔr skænt. læst jɪr, ə ˈwɛlˈnoʊn ˈɪndiən ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər əbˈzərvd ðət ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ædˈvaɪzər (mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr hi əˈsumd ˈɔfəs) nɑt ˈpɑsəbli hæv meɪd ðə kleɪm meɪ luz balochistan”*”], ənˈlɛs ˈɪndiə hæd əkˈwaɪərd sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ““assets”*” ðɛr ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz. ðeɪ ˈkænɑt bi əkˈwaɪərd ˈɪnstəntli. ɪt ɪz ðiz ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈæˌsɛts, əkˈwaɪərd, treɪnd ənd ˈfəndɪd ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz, wɪʧ ɛmˈboʊldənd [ajit*] tɪ spik ɛz ˈkɑnfədəntli ɛz hi did.’*.’ ðə ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər rɪˈfərd tɪ ə 2009 ˈsteɪtmənt baɪ ə ˈjuˈɛs ˈskɑlər ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə ˈɪndiən ˈmɪʃən ɪn, ˌɪˈrɑn, aɪ kən əˈʃʊr ju ðeɪ ər nɑt ˈɪʃuɪŋ ˈvizəz ɛz ðə meɪn activity’*’ ɛz ˈɛvədəns ðət ˈɪndiə həz səʧ ˈæˌsɛts. ðɪs ˈsteɪtmənt wɑz kˈwɪkli pɪkt əp baɪ ˌpækɪˈstæni ˈkɑmənˌteɪtərz. ðə ˈskɑlər ðɛn ˈklɛrəˌfaɪd ðət ˌpækɪˈstæniz blu [hər ˈkɑmɛnts] aʊt əv proportion.’*.’ ʃi ˈædɪd ðət ʃi ˈsəmθɪŋ fɑr mɔr bəˈnɑl ənd jɛt bɪˈnaɪn, ənd kwaɪt ˈfræŋkli ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs ðən wət wɑz əˈtrɪbjətəd tɪ me’*’ ənd ðət ʃi hæd gɔn tɪ ˈɛni lɛŋθs tɪ lʊk æt ðət ˈɪʃu [haʊ ˈdipli ɛnˈmɛʃt ər ˈɪndiən ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ækˈtɪvɪtiz wɪθ ðə ˈsɛpərətɪsts ɪn balochistan?]’*?]’ ənd dɪd nɑt ˈɛniˌwən hu həz ə laɪn əv ˈkrɛdəbəl information.’*.’ dɪˈspaɪt hər prɑmpt dɪˈskleɪmər, ʃi kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ bi ˈsaɪtɪd ɛz ˈɔfərɪŋ ˈɛvədəns ðət, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈɪndiən ˈkɑnsələts əˈkrɔs æfˈgænəˌstæn, ər juzd tɪ prəˈmoʊt ənˈrɛst ɪn. ðoʊz hu saɪt hər fərˈgɛt tɪ gɪv ðə fʊl ˈpɪkʧər. ˈɪndiə həz ən ˈɛmbəsi (ɪn ˈkɑbʊl) ənd fɔr ˈkɑnsələts ʃərˈif, ʤəˈlæləbæd, ˈkændəhɑr ənd herat*) ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn, pləs ˌpərsəˈnɛl ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈprɑʤɛkts əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri (mæp 8 ˈpækɪˌstæn həz ˈkɑnsələts ɪn ɔl fɔr ˈsɪtiz ˈmɛnʃənd əˈbəv. ˈɪndiə həz ˈkɑnsələts ɪn ənd ˈbændɑr əˈbɑs ənd ˈvizə ˈsɛntərz ɪn mashhad*, ənd shiraz*. mashhad*, ɪt ʃʊd bi ˈnoʊtɪd, ɪz hoʊm tɪ mɔr ðən ˈkɑnsələts. ˈpækɪˌstæn, tu, həz ə ˈkɑnsələt ɪn mashhad*, ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ɪn ʃɔrt, nu ˈdɛli dɪz nɑt hæv ɪkˈsklusɪv ənd ˈsɪnɪstər ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˈriʤən ənd, wɛˈrɛvər ˈɪndiə ɪz ˈprɛzənt, ˈpækɪˌstæn həz ən ˈikwəl ər ˈbɛtər ˈækˌsɛs. ən ɪkˈsɛpʃən meɪ bi ɪn ˈbændɑr əˈbɑs, wɪʧ ɪz fɑr frəm ðə ˈbɔrdər, wɛr ˈɪndiə həz ə ˈkɑnsələt bət ˈpækɪˌstæn dɪz nɑt sim tɪ. ˈɪndiə maɪt bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ə ˈkɑnsələt ɪn, ɪf ənd wɪn ðə ˈəpˌgreɪdɪd pɔrt bɪˈkəmz ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənəl, bət ɪt ɪz nɑt ənˈlaɪkli ðət ˌɪˈrɑn wʊd əˈlaʊ ˈpækɪˌstæn tɪ ˈoʊpən ə ˈkɑnsələt ðɛr ɛz wɛl. ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋli, ðə ˈɪndiən ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər rɪˈfərd tɪ əˈbəv ˈɔlsoʊ kleɪmd ðət ðə ˈɪndiən ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz ˈoʊnli ɪn təʧ wɪθ ˈɛkˌsaɪld ˈlidərz ənd dɪz nɑt hæv ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ˈlidərz ɔn ðə graʊnd. ɪf soʊ, wət ɪz ðə ˈkɑnsələt duɪŋ, ðɛn? ɪz ˈdɛfənətli nɑt ðə bɛst pleɪs tɪ kəˈnɛkt wɪθ ˈlidərz ɪn ˈɛkˌsaɪl ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈjʊrəp ənd nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. ðə ˈəðər pis əv ˈɛvədəns əv ˈɪndiən ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns ɪn ðət ɪz ˈɔfən ˈsaɪtɪd ɪz ðə ʤɔɪnt ˈsteɪtmənt (ʃɑrm el-sheikh*, 16 ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2009 wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˈsɛntəns ɔn: ˈmɪnɪstər ˈmɛnʃənd ðət ˈpækɪˌstæn həz səm ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn θrɛts ɪn ənd ˈəðər areas.’*.’ ɪn ðə ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ eɪt jɪrz, noʊ ˈkrɛdəbəl ˌdɔsˈjeɪ dɪˈteɪlɪŋ ˈɪndiən ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns ɪn həz bɪn riˈlist, ˈivɪn ˈæftər ðə ərˈɛst əv ə rɪˈtaɪrd ˈɪndiən ˈneɪvəl ˈɔfɪsər əˈlɛʤədli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn prəˈmoʊtɪŋ səbˈvərʒən frəm ˌɪˈrɑniən sɔɪl. ɪn fækt, ɔn 7 dɪˈsɛmbər 2016 ðə ædˈvaɪzər tɪ ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ɔn ˈfɔrən əˈfɛrz ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ˌpækɪˈstæni ˈsɛnətərz ðət, fɑr, wi hæv ʤɪst ˈsteɪtmənts əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt əv ðə ˈɪndiən spy.’*.’ ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ˌɪˈrɑn həz dɪsˈmɪst ˌpækɪˈstæni ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ðət ɪts sɔɪl ɪz biɪŋ juzd tɪ əˈtæk ˈpækɪˌstæn. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˌɪˈrɑniən 2016 ˈvɪzɪt tɪ ˈpækɪˌstæn, ˌɪnˈtər ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈpəblɪk riˈleɪʃənz (ispr*) ðət ʧif əv ˈɑrmi stæf hæd kənˈfrəntɪd ðə ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ˈdɪgnəˌtɛri ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu əv seɪf ˈheɪvənz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd baɪ ˈɪndiən ˈeɪʤənts ɪn ˌɪˈrɑn. ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ə kˈwɛʃən, ðə ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈprɛzɪdənt nɑt ˈoʊnli dɪˈnaɪd ˈhævɪŋ dɪˈskəst ðə ˈɪʃu, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ˈædɪd ðət, wi gɪt kloʊz tɪ ˈpækɪˌstæn ənd bɪˈkəm mɔr ˈɪnɪmət, ðɛr ər səm ˈpipəl hu kriˈeɪt səʧ ˈrumərz. aɪ hæv hərd ðɪs mɔr ðən tˈwɛnti taɪmz, ˈdɪfərənt taɪmz wi tɔk əˈbaʊt ðɪs, əv ɔl ðət kən bi sɛd wɪθ ˈkɑnfədɛns ɔn ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv ˈɪndiən ˈæˌsɛts ɪn ənd əraʊnd ɪz ðət ðɛr ɪz nɑt məʧ ðət ɪz noʊn æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt. ˈfɔrmjəˌleɪtɪŋ ə klɪr ˈpɑləsi ənd ˈbɪldɪŋ kəˈpæsɪti tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin ər ˈoʊnli ðə fərst stɛps; ˈbɪldɪŋ ənd səˈsteɪnɪŋ dəˈmɛstɪk səˈpɔrt wɪl pruv tɪ bi mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt. wəns əˈgɛn, ðə ˈbæŋləˌdɛʃi ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪz ˌɪnˈstrəktɪv. ist ˈpækɪˌstæn ˈbɔrdərd wɛst ˈbɛŋgəl, wən əv ðə moʊst ˈpɑpjələs steɪts əv ˈɪndiə ənd wɪʧ wɑz ɪn ðə ˈpɑrləmɛnt, bjʊˈrɑkrəsi, ˈmidiə ənd ˌɪnˌtɛləˈʤɛntsiə. taɪz wər strɔŋ dɪˈspaɪt pɑrˈtɪʃən ənd ðə əˈməŋ ðə ˈhɪnˌdu bɛŋˈgɑliz hu ˈmaɪˌgreɪtɪd tɪ ˈɪndiə frəm ist ˈpækɪˌstæn wər ˈvɛri ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl ɪn ˈɪndiə. ˈikwəli ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, ist ˈpækɪˌstæn hæd ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈhɪnˌdu ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ðət wɑz əˈməŋ ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈtɑrgəts əv ðə ˌpækɪˈstæni ˈɑrmi. ðə ˈpipəl əv wɛst ˈbɛŋgəl pleɪd ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt roʊl ɪn ˈreɪzɪŋ əˈwɛrnəs əraʊnd ðə wərld əv ðə ˈʤɛnəˌsaɪdəl ˈtæktɪks əv ðə ˌpækɪˈstæni ˈɑrmi ɪn ist ˈpækɪˌstæn ənd ˈɔlsoʊ geɪv ˈʃɛltər tɪ ˈhənərdz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz ənd ðə rɪˈzɪstəns ˈmuvmənt. dɪz nɑt ʃɛr ə ˈbɔrdər wɪθ ˈɪndiə. ðə ˈpipəl ɪn ˈneɪbərɪŋ ˈkəntriz ər, dəˈmɛstɪkli, ə məˈnɔrəti ənd ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑli ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl ənd kən, ˈðɛrˌfɔr, nɑt ɪkˈstɛnd məʧ hɛlp tɪ ðɛr ˌpækɪˈstæni ˈbrɛðrən. ðɛr ər tu kaɪnz əv ˈpipəl əv ˈɔrəʤən ɪn ˈɪndiə: ðə ˈməzlɪm ˈsɛtələrz ɪn ˈwɛstərn ənd ˈnɔrðərn ˈɪndiə ənd ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz. boʊθ grups ər smɔl ənd ˈskætərd ənd hæv əˈsɪməˌleɪtɪd wɪθ rɪˈleɪtɪd grups ɪn ˈɪndiə. ðeɪ du nɑt ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ˈɛni klaʊt ɪn ˈɪndiə, ənˈlaɪk, seɪ, ðə ˈmaɪgrənts frəm ˈpækɪˌstæn, hu ər əˈməŋ ðə meɪn ˈbɪznɪs kəmˈjunɪtiz əv ðə ənd ər kwaɪt ˈvɪzəbəl ɪn ðə ˈpəblɪk sfɪr. ðɛr ər ˈkɑləniz ənd ˈlændˌmɑrks ɪn moʊst ˈsɪtiz ɪn ˈnɔrðərn ənd ˈwɛstərn ˈɪndiə. ˈsɛvərəl hæv bɪn ɪˈlɛktɪd tɪ ðə ˈpɑrləmɛnt ənd steɪt əˈsɛmbliz; wən həz ˈivɪn sərvd ɛz ˈdɛpjəti praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər. nɑt koʊˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli, ənˈlaɪk balochi*, wɑz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə eɪθ ˈskɛʤʊl əv ðə ˈɪndiən ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən ɪn 1967 əˈhɛd əv ˈsɛvərəl ˈəðər ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz ˈspoʊkən baɪ ˈlɑrʤər ““indigenous”*” kəmˈjunɪtiz ðət hæd tɪ weɪt ənˈtɪl ðə ənd ˈərli 2000s*. ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli, ənˈlaɪk, ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfɪgjərz ɪn ˈnæʃənəl ˈænθəm, wɪʧ wɑz kəmˈpoʊzd ˌbiˈfɔr pɑrˈtɪʃən. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ðɛr ɪz ˈlɪtəl əˈwɛrnəs əv, ər ðə ˈpipəl, ɪn ðɪs ɪz rɪˈflɛktɪd ɪn ðə fækt ðət, bɪɔnd ðə ˈeɪnʧənt ʃraɪnz səʧ ɛz ˈmɑtə əv lasbela*, ðɛr ɪz nɑt məʧ dɪˈskəʃən əˈbaʊt ˈəðər pɑrts əv ðə ˈprɑvɪns. ɪz əˈməŋ ðə ˈoʊldəst ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl saɪts əv ðə ðət hæv ˈjildɪd ˈɛvədəns əv ˈsɛtəld ˌkəltɪˈveɪʃən. ɪt ˈpriˈdeɪts ðə ˈɪndəs ˈvæli baɪ ə fju məˈlɛniə. sutkagen-dor*, ðə ˈwɛstərnˌmoʊst saɪt əv ðə ˈɪndəs ˈvæli, ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn, raɪt ɔn ðə ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈbɔrdər, bət ˈɪndiən ˈhɪstəri ˈtɛkstˌbʊks ˈfoʊkɪs ɪnˈtaɪərli ɔn ənd ˈpənˌʤæb ˈprɑvənsəz əv læst, bət nɑt list, ðə ˈɪndiən ˌɪnˌtɛləˈʤɛntsiə ənd ˈmidiə ər dɪˈvaɪdɪd ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu. wən ˈsɛkʃən ɪz mɔr kənˈsərnd əˈbaʊt ˈjumən raɪts vaɪəˈleɪʃənz ɪn ˈpæləˌstaɪn ðən ɪn ˈnɪrˈbaɪ. ðə ˈəðər kənˈfleɪts ðə dɪˌzaɪrəˈbɪlɪti ənd ˌfizəˈbɪləti əv ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ənd ɪz, ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˈwaɪldli ɪnˌθuziˈæstɪk əˈbaʊt ðə kɔz. ɪn ˈkɑntræst, ist ˈpækɪˌstæn ɪˈvoʊkt ˈsɪmpəθi əˈkrɔs ðə bɔrd. soʊ, ˈgɪvɪn ðə læk əv əˈwɛrnəs əv, ðə dɪˈvɪʒənz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˌɪnˌtɛləˈʤɛntsiə ənd ˈmidiə, ənd ðə ˈmɪnɪskjul ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ɪn ˈɪndiə, ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈizi tɪ ˈpəblɪk ɪn ˈɪndiə tɪ kəmˈpɛl ðə ˈgəvərnmənt, wɪʧ simz tɪ læk boʊθ ə klɪr tɪ dil wɪθ ðə ˈɪʃu ənd əˈfɛnsɪv strəˈtiʤɪk ˈæˌsɛts ˌɪnˈsaɪd ər ɪn ɪts ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ðə kɔz. ɪt ɪz nɑt ðə keɪs ðət ˈɪndiən ˈpəblɪk əˈpɪnjən ˈkænɑt bi ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv, ˈoʊnli ðət ˈsəmˌwən wʊd hæv tɪ ɪkˈspɛnd kənˈsɪdərəbəl pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈkæpɪtəl tɪ du soʊ. kənˈkluʒən ðə ˈɪndiən ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz nɑt ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi ˈdrɪvən baɪ ðə ənˈriznəbəl ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˈwɔrjərz ənd ʤɪŋgoʊˈɪstɪk ˈsɛkʃənz əv ðə ˈmidiə. ˈɪndiə ɪz ˈsərtənli məʧ ˈstrɔŋgər ðən ɪt wɑz ɪn 1971 bət, fər ðə ˈrizənz dɪˈskəst əˈbəv, ðət dɪz nɑt min ðət ɪt kən ˈizəli fəˈsɪləˌteɪt ðə sɪˈsɛʃən əv. ɪt bɛrz riˈɪtərˌeɪtɪŋ ðət waɪl ˈpækɪˌstæn həz feɪld tɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ðə ˌɪnˈsərʤənsi ənd ˈɪnəˌgreɪt ðə ˈpipəl, ðə hæv, ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, feɪld tɪ ˈjuˌnaɪt əˈgɛnst ðə ˌpækɪˈstæni steɪt. ðə feɪld tɪ meɪk juz əv ðə əˈpɛrənt ˌɑpərˈtunəti prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪn ðə ˈərli, wɪn ðə ˌpækɪˈstæni steɪt wɑz ɪn ˌdɪsəˈreɪ ˈæftər ˈluzɪŋ ˈɔlˌmoʊst hæf əv ɪts ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri ənd ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ðɪs ˈlɔŋˌstændɪŋ ˌɪmˈpæs ˈhaɪˌlaɪts ðə ˈlɪmɪts əv haʊ ɪkˈstərnəl ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən kən hɛlp ðə ˈpipəl, hu ər dɪˈvaɪdɪd əˈkrɔs θri ˈkəntriz ənd lɛd baɪ ə ˈfrægməntɪd ˈlidərˌʃɪp. ðə ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti ɪn juˈnaɪtɪŋ ðə ˈfækʃənz ʃʊd nɑt bi ˈəndərˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd. ˈivɪn ɪn ɪts sˈmɔlər ˈneɪbərz, ˈɪndiə həz ˈoʊnli ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli ˈmænɪʤd tɪ pʊt təˈgɛðər ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃənz ənd səʧ ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃənz hæv nɑt sərˈvaɪvd fər lɔŋ. pleɪɪŋ ə ˈsɪmələr roʊl ɪn ˈdɪstənt ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ðət məʧ mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt ənd ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm ˈivɪn lɛs prɪˈdɪktəbəl. ˈɪndiə ʃʊd ˌdɪˈsaɪd əˈpɑn ðə skeɪl əv ɪts ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt wɪθ ðə ˈpipəl θru ə əˈsɛsmənt əv ɪts ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈɪntərɪsts ənd ɪts ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti tɪ ˌɪntərˈvin ˈminɪŋfəli ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ðə ˈpipəl. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt məst nɑt juz ðə ˈɪʃu ɛz ə ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ ʧɪp wɪθ ˈpækɪˌstæn bɪˈkəz ənd wɪl hɑrm ðə kɔz ənd rɪˈdus ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ paʊər ɪts 1 ˈəðər ˈkəntriz ðət kʊd kənˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈaʊtˌkəm ˌɪnˈklud ðə ˈærəb ˈmɑnɑrkiz ənd ˈtərki, wɪʧ ər trəˈdɪʃənəli pro-pakistan*. ðə ˈfɔrmər, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ər ˈbɪtərli əˈpoʊzd tɪ ˌɪˈrɑn, waɪl ðə ˈlætər ɪz traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈkəltəˌveɪt ˈfrɛndli riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ɪt. mɔˈroʊvər, oʊˈmɑn, ən ˈærəb ˈkəntri, ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi ˈrɛlətɪvli dɪˈspoʊzd təˈwɔrdz ðə. ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt, wɛst ˈeɪʒə wɪl stænd dɪˈvaɪdɪd ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ə pəˈtɛnʃəl bɪd fər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns. 2 ðə ˈbɔrdər, wɪʧ dɪˈvaɪdz ðə ˈrɪvər ˈbeɪsən, ɪz ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðə ˈbɔrdər ðət ˈpæsɪz θru ə ˈlɑrʤli ˈɛrəd ənd ˈbɛrən ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri. 3 ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt wɪθ həz bɪn chequered*. ˈɪndiə rɪfˈjuzd tɪ əkˈsɛpt ˈɔfər əv əkˈsɛʃən ɪn ðə ˈæftərˌmæθ əv pɑrˈtɪʃən. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ simz tɪ hæv tərnd daʊn ə ˈpɑsəbəl ˈɔfər frəm ðə ˈsəltən əv ˈməskæt ənd oʊˈmɑn tɪ teɪk ˈoʊvər, wɛr ɪt hæd ə ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk ˈprɛzəns ənˈtɪl 1958 ənd skeɪld daʊn ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt wɪθ ˈlidərz ɪn ðə ˈhoʊpɪŋ ðət ɪt wʊd əˈfɛkt ə ʧeɪnʤ əv hɑrt ɪn ˌræwɔlˈpɪndi. ˈlidərz hæv ðɛr oʊn ˈhɪstəri əv æmˈbɪvələns, ðoʊ. 4 ðə ˈɪndiən praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər rɪˈfərd tɪ ɔn tu ɔˈkeɪʒənz ɪn ˈɔgəst 2016 ɔn 12 ˈɔgəst, æt ən ɔl ˈpɑrti ˈmitɪŋ, hi səˈʤɛstɪd ðət taɪm həz kəm wɪn ˈpækɪˌstæn ʃæl hæv tɪ ˈænsər tɪ ðə wərld fər ðə əˈtrɑsətiz kəˈmɪtɪd baɪ ɪt əˈgɛnst ˈpipəl ɪn ənd [ˈpækɪˌstæn ˈɑkjəˌpaɪd ˈkæʃmɪr ənd jammu].’*].’ θri deɪz ˈleɪtər, ɔn 15 ˈɔgəst, hi sɛd, ðə læst fju deɪz ðə weɪ ðə ˈpipəl əv, ˈgɪlʤɪt, frəm ˈkæʃmɪr hæv θæŋkt mi, ɪt ɪz ðə ˈɑnər əv ˈbɪljən ˈpipəl əv ˈɪndiə. aɪ θæŋk ðoʊz ˈpipəl frəm, ˈgɪlʤɪt ənd kashmir.’*.’ ɔn 26 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2016 ɪn hər ˈæˌdrɛs tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛn ˈʤɛnərəl əˈsɛmbli, ðə ˈfɔrən ˈmɪnɪstər dru əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ðə əˈgɛnst ðə ˈpipəl [ðət] ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ðə wərst fɔrm əv steɪt oppression.’*.’ ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər 2016 ˈɪndiə rɪˈfərd tɪ ɔn fɔr ɔˈkeɪʒənz ɪn ðə ˈsɛʃən əv ðə 14 16 19 ənd 26 sɛpˈtɛmbər). 5 ˌbiˈfɔr ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt, ðə ˈprɛzənt ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ædˈvaɪzər wɑz ˌriˈpɔrtəd tɪ hæv səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ˈɪndiə kʊd səˈpɔrt ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ˈmuvmənt tɪ ʧɛk ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ˈɛməˌneɪtɪŋ frəm ˈpækɪˌstæn. 6 ˈivɪn ˈəðərˌwaɪz, dɪˈvɛləpmənts səʧ ɛz ðə ˈjəri əˈtæk, ˈtæmɪl ʧif ˈmɪnɪstər ɪkˈstɛndɪd (ənd ˈsəbsəkwənt dɛθ), ənd əv haɪər dɪˌnɔməˈneɪʃən ˈkərənsi noʊts lɛft noʊ rum fər ““non-essential”*” ˈkɔzɪz ɪn ðə ˈmidiə. 7 nɑt məʧ kən bi rɛd ˈɪntu dɪˈvɛləpmənts səʧ ðə əˈpɔɪntmənt əv ən ˈɔfɪsər wɪθ ɪkˈspɪriəns əv ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈɪʃu ɛz ðə hɛd əv ɪkˈstərnəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈeɪʤənsi, ðə ˈrisərʧ ənd æˈnælɪsɪs wɪŋ (rɑ), bɪˈkəz ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈfɑloʊd kənˈvɛnʃən ənd əˈpɔɪntɪd ðə moʊst ˈsinjər ˈɔfɪsər tɪ hɛd ðə ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən. 8 ˈoʊvər ðə pæst fju mənθs, ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˈpɑrti ənd ɪts ˈpɛrənt ənd ˈsɪstər ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd ˈɛkˌsaɪld ˈlidərz tɪ ˈsɛvərəl ˈpəblɪk dɪˈskəʃənz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri. 9 ˈæftər ɔl, ˈɛsˈjuˈju mˈjɑnˈmɑr ənd ˈɛˈsɑˈraɪ ˈlæŋkə hæv nɑt tərnd aʊt tu ˈbædli fər ˈʧaɪnə. ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃənz əˈsaɪd, ˈlidərz əv sˈmɔlər ˈkəntriz ɪn ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə pəˈtɛnʃəli ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt, wɪl faɪnd ɪt ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ ˈoʊvərˌkəm ðə ʧɑrm əv ə ˈraɪzɪŋ ˈʧaɪnə. ˈɪndiə kən ˈkaʊntər groʊɪŋ ˈɪnfluəns ˈoʊnli baɪ kˈwɪkli ɪkˈspændɪŋ ɪts oʊn ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˌtɛknəˈlɑʤɪkəl ənd ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ beɪs (ˈpɑsəbli wɪθ ðə əˈsɪstəns əv ʧaɪˈniz ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts). 10 ˌɪˈrɑn həz ə məʧ ˈlɑrʤər ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk ˈfʊtˌprɪnt əˈkrɔs ˈpækɪˌstæn. 11 ðə ˌræʃəˈnæl bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ˈtaɪmɪŋ əv ðə ˈbreɪzən twit rɪˈmeɪnz ənˈklɪr, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt əˈpɪrz ðət ðə ˌpækɪˈstæni ˈɑrmi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ˈwikən ˈpəblɪk səˈpɔrt fər ðə stæns əv rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈnutrəl ɪn ðə ˈraɪvəlri (ənd tɪ dɪˈvərt əˈtɛnʃən əˈweɪ frəm ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən əv ðə ˈtɛrərɪst əˈtæk ɔn ˈɛrˌbeɪs). ðɛr kʊd nɑt hæv bɪn ə ˈbɛtər weɪ əv duɪŋ ðɪs ðən baɪ əˈkjuzɪŋ ˌɪˈrɑn əv ˈhoʊstɪŋ ˈɪndiən spaɪz. ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli, ˈɑrmi ʧif kənˈsərnd həz rɪˈpɔrtədli əˈgrid tɪ hɛd ən ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈfloʊtɪd baɪ ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ðət dɪz nɑt ˌɪnˈklud ˈʃiə ˈkəntriz. 12 ðə ˈhɪnˌdu ˈbɪznɪsˌmɛn wər hɪˈstɔrɪkəli lɪŋkt tɪ ðə ər ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈnɛtˌwərks, dɪˈpɛndɪŋ əˈpɑn wɪʧ pɑrt əv ðeɪ lɪvd ɪn, ənd sim tɪ hæv mərʤd wɪθ ðə ˈlɑrʤər ənd ˈbɪznɪs kəmˈjunɪtiz əˈpɑn maɪˈgreɪʃən tɪ ˈɪndiə. 13 ðɛr ɪz ˈhɑrdli ˈɛniˌwən ɪn ˈɪndiən ˌækəˈdimiə, ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk ˈsərkəlz ər ˈmidiə hu həz spɛnt ˈrizənəbəl taɪm ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈsɪtiz əv ˈpənˌʤæb ənd. 14 aɪ ʃʊd ˈheɪsən tɪ æd ðət ˈɪndiənz, ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl, hæv ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn, ənd məʧ lɛs əˈwɛrnəs əv, ˈpækɪˌstæn ɛz ə hoʊl. rɑˈʤiv dogra*, hu sərvd ɪn ðə ˈɪndiən ˈkɑnsələt ɪn kɑˈrɑʧi, ˈraɪtli ləˈmɛntɪd ðət, ə ˈpipəl hu kleɪm ʃɛrd ˈænsɛstri, ˈɪndiənz ər ˈstreɪnʤərz tɪ ðə pəls əv pakistan.’*.’ 15 ðə ˈɪndiən ˈmidiə ˈbɛrli tʊk noʊt wɪn, ɪn ðə fərst wik əv mɑrʧ ðɪs jɪr, ˈɪndiə wəns əˈgɛn reɪzd ðə ˈɪʃu əv ˈjumən raɪts vaɪəˈleɪʃənz ɪn ðə ˈprɑvɪns æt ðə. ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ əˈsɛmbli ɪˈlɛkʃənz ɪn prəˈdɛʃ, wɪʧ ɪz pərˈhæps ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt prəˈvɪnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən əˈhɛd əv ðə 2019 ˌpɑrləˈmɛntəri ɪˈlɛkʃən, ˈkænɑt əˈloʊn ɪkˈspleɪn ðɪs əˈlufnəs. 16 æt ðə rɪsk əv ˈsaʊndɪŋ ˈflɪpənt, wən kʊd ˈɑrgju ðət ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt əˈdɑpts ə klɪr ˈpɑləsi ɔn, ðə ˈɪndiən ˈgəvərnmənt ʃʊd æt list kənˈsɪdər əˈdɑptɪŋ ə ˈjunəˌfɔrm ˈspɛlɪŋ əv ““balochistan”*” ɪn ɪts ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz. æt ˈprɛzənt, ɪt ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ æt list tu ˈdɪfərənt ˈspɛlɪŋz: ənd. 17 ðə ˈgəvərnmənt həz ˈhoʊpfəli nɑt fərˈgɑtən ðə ˈizəli əˈvɔɪdəbəl ɪmˈbɛrəsmənt kɔzd baɪ ɪts ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu əv ˈgrænɪŋ ˈvizəz tɪ ˈæktɪvɪsts.
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key points
unlike china, which has secured significant economic and strategic concessions in balochistan, the united states is unlikely to stand in the way of balochistan’s independence.
while it is generally understood that the likely response of pakistan’s western neighbours to any bid for independence in pakistani balochistan will be driven by the opposing goals of resisting potential baloch irredentism and weakening pakistan, the strength of irredentist sentiment among the baloch people seems to be overrated.
given the lack of awareness about balochistan within india, the divisions within the indian intelligentsia and media on the baloch issue, and the miniscule baloch population in india, it is not easy to mobilise public opinion to compel the indian government, which seems to lack both a clear policy and offensive strategic assets inside balochistan or in its neighbourhood, to intervene in favour of the baloch people.
india’s baloch policy should be based on a clear-headed assessment of its stakes and its capability to intervene meaningfully. in any case, the baloch issue should not be used as a bargaining chip or quick-fix to india’s pakistan problem because instrumentalism and short-termism will harm both the baloch cause and india’s overall interests.
summary
this paper, the second of a two-part assessment, evaluates the possible international responses to the baloch movement for independence. the implications for india of deeper involvement in the baloch cause are also examined. the comparisons that are often drawn with the emergence of bangladesh as an independent state are critically examined.
as noted in part one, the baloch people live forgotten in a resource rich, strategic territory. they briefly came into the limelight last year after the indian government drew attention to human rights violations in pakistan’s balochistan province and a few baloch leaders sought political asylum and support from india for setting up a government-in-exile. these developments raised expectations about india’s ability to facilitate the secession of balochistan à la bangladesh/east pakistan. those expectations were based on an optimistic view that relied on context-independent comparisons between the balochistan of 2016 and east pakistan of 1971 and confounded the desirability of baloch independence with its feasibility. the first part of this paper suggested that the baloch people have to be viewed as embedded within post-colonial pakistan and the wider region, including iran and afghanistan.
in this paper, it is suggested that the success of balochistan’s bid for independence depends critically upon the responses of afghanistan, china, iran, russia, the us and india. pakistan has offered significant economic and strategic concessions to china in balochistan, to ensure that it is not without allies on the baloch front. russia will align with china on this issue, whereas the us is likely to be aligned against china. while it is generally understood that the likely response of pakistan’s western neighbours to any bid for independence in pakistani balochistan will be driven by the opposing goals of resisting potential baloch irredentism and weakening pakistan, the strength of irredentist sentiment among the baloch people seems to be overrated.
india would have to take into account these potential international responses to a baloch bid for independence, but its own response is likely to be shaped largely by domestic factors. given the lack of awareness about balochistan within india, the divisions within the indian intelligentsia and media on the baloch issue, and the miniscule baloch population in india, it is not easy to mobilise public opinion to compel the indian government, which seems to lack both a clear policy to deal with the baloch issue and offensive strategic assets inside balochistan or in its neighbourhood, to act in favour of the baloch people. india should decide upon the scale of its engagement with the baloch cause through a clear-headed assessment of its interests and its capability to intervene meaningfully in favour of the baloch people. the government must not use the baloch issue as a bargaining chip or a quick-fix to the threat posed by pakistan because instrumentalism and short-termism will harm the baloch people and reduce india’s overall bargaining power vis-à-vis pakistan.
analysis
international aspects
any future balochistan independence depends critically upon the responses of afghanistan, china, iran, russia, the us and india.[1] the us will not openly support baloch insurgents but, unlike china, it is unlikely to impede baloch independence. the us no longer enjoys freedom of movement across pakistan and will, therefore, benefit from the creation of a yet another littoral state in the region that would provide it with direct access to afghanistan and beyond. this will also lessen the stranglehold of china and russia over central asia, which will again benefit the us.
pakistan has offered significant economic and strategic concessions to china in balochistan (as well as in other provinces), to ensure, among other things, that it is not without allies on the baloch front. gwadar is the terminus of the china-pakistan economic corridor (cpec) that runs through the length of pakistan and connects it with china (see map 7, below) [nb: map numbers continue from part one]. by encouraging china, a very strong state and permanent security council member with no human rights concerns of its own, to acquire a long term stake in restive balochistan, pakistan hopes to weaken the bargaining power of baloch rights groups. this reminds of the experience of sri lankan tamils under mahinda rajapaksa.
russia and china will favour the status quo, despite having suffered due to terrorist havens in pakistan. russia, with its soft caucasian underbelly, and china, with serious problems in its western minority provinces, have no appetite for secessionist movements. moreover, anything that improves the outside options for the central asian republics is not in the interests of either. china, for its part, hopes to convert the whole of the region, including central asia and afghanistan, into a cheap supplier of energy and minerals for its expanding economy. in addition, china has cultivated pakistan as a force multiplier against india. it will strongly oppose a fresh partition of pakistan, which would swing the balance of power between india and pakistan entirely in the favour of the former and reduce the degree of freedom it has enjoyed so far vis-a-vis india. this could be another reason why the us is likely to be favourably disposed towards a potentially reinvigorated baloch independence movement.
the chinese experience in myanmar and sri lanka, however, suggests that over-reliance upon unrepresentative or unpopular governments to secure lucrative deals has its own limits. china has enjoyed a very long period of close relations with pakistan, but that could change, even if to a small extent, if the army is cut down to size. moreover, trouble in the wider maritime neighbourhood could distract china from south asia.
baloch insurgents have been attacking infrastructure projects, as well as workers from punjab and china, in their territory. the future trajectory of chinese investments in pakistan, in particular their political-economic instability, has been examined at some length in an earlier fdi associate paper. an additional fact would, however, bear noting here. the seven-decades-old baloch insurgency and the state’s heavy-handed response to it have displaced tens of thousands of people. the massive infrastructure and mining projects are adding to the existing internal displacement through the appropriation of land and water resources and the settlement of more pliable workers from other provinces. historically, the lack of freshwater has been a key factor in limiting balochistan’s population. water is likely to emerge as an important source of conflict, with indigenous baloch people demanding priority access to water resources of this heavily water-stressed province. these developments cannot but aggravate the ongoing insurgency.
balochistan’s neighbours, afghanistan and iran, will be driven by opposing goals: weakening pakistan and resisting potential baloch irredentism. bilaterally, afghanistan and iran would also be potentially locked in a zero-sum situation vis-à-vis an independent balochistan. landlocked afghanistan would gain from the creation of yet another indian ocean littoral state as that would reduce the bargaining power of iran (and pakistan) over it. under the shah, iran supported pakistan’s campaign against the baloch while, at the same time, afghanistan supported the pakistani baloch insurgents. the (sunni) arab response to the 1979 islamic revolution in iran drove a sectarian wedge into the region and (shia) iran found itself on the receiving end of cross-border terrorism sponsored by arab countries, which wanted to open another front to divide the attention of the former. islamabad has, on the other hand, used cross-border sunni terrorism as a bargaining chip to limit iranian shia activism inside pakistan.
while iran fears baloch irredentism, an independent balochistan would be unlikely to destabilise sistan and baluchestan. the iran-pakistan border does not divide major baloch tribes[2] and there is little cross-border co-operation between the baloch insurgents of the two countries. pakistan’s baloch insurgents are secular nationalists, while (baloch) terror outfits operating across the border in iran are driven by sectarianism and are propped up by foreign support. the mostly sunni iranian baloch are struggling for their rights under a shia state, which tolerates the sunni religious leadership and treats the secular opposition and traditional tribal leadership as bigger threats. on the other hand, their pakistani cousins are fighting against a sunni state that adapted the policies of divide-and-rule and indirect rule through traditional leaders that it inherited from the british. the difference in the political setting perhaps explains the ideological divergence between the baloch movements in the two countries. more importantly, experience suggests that iran need not fear an independent balochistan. the independence of bangladesh did not destabilise india’s west bengal and the independence of azerbaijan did not affect iran’s azeri provinces. likewise, baloch irredentism targeting afghanistan has its own limits. the separation of baloch areas of afghanistan is not going to be easy, as four provinces, including three in which the baloch are a minority, would have to be bifurcated. that is assuming, of course, that the people are willing to join an independent balochistan.
there is another noteworthy difference between pakistan and iran in respect to the baloch question. in pakistan, the pro-independence sentiment is reinforced by ethnic persecution, exploitation of mineral wealth, appropriation of land, demographic engineering, manipulation of the electoral process, denial of a rightful share in the public pie, and a “kill-and-dump” counter-insurgency. on the other hand, the baloch of iran mainly suffer from ethno-religious marginalisation and economic neglect and, thus, can be assuaged by greater administrative and cultural autonomy, political representation and economic support. in any case, iran’s choices will influence the response of the sunni monarchies in the persian gulf region (see footnote 1) and also affect india’s choices.
can india play good samaritan?
last year india voiced concerns about balochistan. this could be seen as part of its ongoing experiments with the co-ordinated use of non- and sub-military options to deal with pakistan-sponsored cross-border terrorism.[3] it is, however, too early to say if there is a sustainable structural change in india’s pakistan policy, as the government has not yet elaborated any new policy to deal with the baloch issue. last year’s debate on balochistan in india was driven entirely by a few cryptic statements of the prime minister[4] and the national security advisor.[5] speculation over political asylum for exiled baloch leaders and support for a possible baloch government-in-exile dampened without further inputs from the government.[6] subsequent speculations about the government’s motives did not last long either.[7] most recently, on 1 march 2017, india once again referred to balochistan at the united nations. the significance, or the lack of it, of this statement would bear a little elaboration. unlike the multiple and multi-layered references to balochistan in india’s statements and replies at the unhcr’s 33rd session in september 2016, india has so far raised the issue only once at the unhcr this year, and that was in response to a statement by pakistan. while one expected a more nuanced statement, this year’s reference to balochistan was more or less a mechanical repetition of one of last year’s statements.
the inability of the government (and the ruling party[8]) to sustain momentum can be viewed in three different ways. first, perhaps the government was merely trying to divert attention and score a few brownie points. second, the government lacks clarity about the objectives of its baloch foray. third, this government is yet to come to terms with the reality that, in large democracies, longstanding policies cannot be changed abruptly due to the difficulty in mobilising domestic opinion, among other things.
unfortunately, in the absence of a policy statement it is not clear if the government has a long- term plan or if it even views the baloch issue as a bargaining chip with pakistan. the government has also not spelled out the parameters for evaluating the desirability and capability of intervening in balochistan.
in the short run, irrespective of india’s policy towards balochistan, pakistan will not dismantle the terror infrastructure built over the years and its patron, china, will continue to try to contain india by, among other things, arming pakistan and shielding india-centric terror groups. in other words, the government should not be under the illusion that steering clear of balochistan will affect a change of heart in rawalpindi and help to roll back pakistan’s sponsorship of cross-border terrorism. likewise, it should not defer to chinese interests in balochistan under the illusion that beijing will accommodate indian interests elsewhere. if india “intervened” in balochistan, its ties with pakistan (and china) cannot become much worse than they already are.
while india should not allow its short-term calculus to be muddied by misplaced hopes of better ties with pakistan (and china), neither should it should be over-optimistic about the long term prospects. new delhi should not support the baloch cause under the illusion that an independent balochistan will embrace secular democracy or provide india with preferential access to mineral wealth and overland access to afghanistan.
the bangladeshi experience is sobering. the secular bangladeshi liberation movement lost ground to religious extremists and to the army, which condoned (and, often, supported) insurgencies and cross-border terrorism targeting india. until a few years ago, bangladesh did not provide india with access to the north-east. in the meantime, china, which opposed bangladesh’s independence, emerged as its main trading partner and defence supplier. likewise, china could very likely secure deals ahead of india in an independent balochistan.[9] this is not say that india should not intervene in balochistan, only that it should first clearly assess the possible outcomes.
while little is known about the government’s policy, knowledge of india’s material capacity to intervene in balochistan is even more scant. last year, a well-known indian commentator observed that india’s national security advisor (months before he assumed office) ‘could not possibly have made the claim [“you may lose balochistan”], unless india had acquired significant “assets” there … over the years. they cannot be acquired instantly. it is these existing assets, acquired, trained and funded over the years, which emboldened [ajit] doval to speak as confidently as he did.’
the commentator referred to a 2009 statement by a us scholar – ‘having visited the indian mission in zahedan, iran, i can assure you they are not issuing visas as the main activity’ – as evidence that india has such assets. this statement was quickly picked up by pakistani commentators. the scholar then clarified that ‘the pakistanis blew [her comments] out of proportion.’ she added that she ‘meant something far more banal and yet benign, and quite frankly commonplace than what was attributed to me’ and that she had ‘never gone to any lengths to look at that issue [how deeply enmeshed are indian intelligence activities with the separatists in balochistan?]’ and did not ‘know anyone who has a line of credible information.’
despite her prompt disclaimer, she continues to be cited as offering evidence that zahedan, along with indian consulates across afghanistan, are used to promote unrest in balochistan. those who cite her forget to give the full picture. india has an embassy (in kabul) and four consulates (mazar-e sharif, jalalabad, kandahar and herat) in afghanistan, plus personnel working on development projects across the country (map 8). pakistan has consulates in all four cities mentioned above. india has consulates in zahedan and bandar abbas and visa centres in mashhad, isfahan and shiraz. mashhad, it should be noted, is home to more than half-a-dozen consulates. pakistan, too, has a consulate in mashhad, in addition to zahedan.[10] in short, new delhi does not have exclusive and sinister access to the region and, wherever india is present, pakistan has an equal or better access. an exception may be in bandar abbas, which is far from the iran-pakistan border, where india has a consulate but pakistan does not seem to. india might be able to establish a consulate in chabahar, if and when the upgraded chabahar port becomes operational, but it is not unlikely that iran would allow pakistan to open a consulate there as well.
interestingly, the indian commentator referred to above also claimed that the indian government is only in touch with exiled baloch leaders and does not have contact with baloch leaders on the ground. if so, what is the zahedan consulate doing, then? zahedan is definitely not the best place to connect with baloch leaders in exile living in europe and north america. the other piece of evidence of indian interference in balochistan that is often cited is the indo-pak joint statement (sharm el-sheikh, 16 july 2009), which included a sentence on balochistan: ‘prime minister gilani mentioned that pakistan has some information on threats in balochistan and other areas.’ in the intervening eight years, no credible dossier detailing indian interference in balochistan has been released, even after the arrest of a retired indian naval officer allegedly involved in promoting subversion from iranian soil. in fact, on 7 december 2016, the adviser to the prime minister on foreign affairs informed pakistani senators that, ‘so far, we have just statements about the involvement of the indian spy.’ on the other hand, iran has dismissed pakistani allegations that its soil is being used to attack pakistan. during the iranian president’s 2016 visit to pakistan, inter services public relations (ispr) tweeted that pakistan’s chief of army staff had confronted the visiting dignitary on the issue of safe havens enjoyed by indian agents in iran. in response to a question, the iranian president not only denied having discussed the issue, but also added that, ‘whenever we get close to pakistan and become more intimate, there are some people who create such rumours. i have heard this more than twenty times, different times … we didn’t talk about this, of course.’[11] all that can be said with confidence on the subject of indian assets in and around balochistan is that there is not much that is known at the moment.
formulating a clear policy and building capacity to intervene are only the first steps; building and sustaining domestic support will prove to be more difficult. once again, the bangladeshi experience is instructive. east pakistan bordered west bengal, one of the most populous states of india and which was well-represented in the parliament, bureaucracy, media and intelligentsia. cross-border ties were strong despite partition and the élite among the hindu bengalis who migrated to india from east pakistan were very influential in india. equally importantly, east pakistan had a significant hindu population that was among the primary targets of the pakistani army. the people of west bengal played an important role in raising awareness around the world of the genocidal tactics of the pakistani army in east pakistan and also gave shelter to hundreds of thousands of refugees and the resistance movement.
balochistan does not share a border with india. the baloch people in balochistan’s neighbouring countries are, domestically, a marginalised minority and internationally invisible and can, therefore, not extend much help to their pakistani baloch brethren. there are two kinds of people of baloch origin in india: the pre-1947 baloch muslim settlers in western and northern india and post-1947 non-muslim refugees. both groups are small and scattered and have assimilated with related groups in india. they do not enjoy any clout in india, unlike, say, the sindhi migrants from pakistan, who are among the main business communities of the country[12] and are quite visible in the public sphere. there are sindhi colonies and landmarks in most cities in northern and western india. several sindhis have been elected to the parliament and state assemblies; one has even served as deputy prime minister. not coincidentally, unlike balochi, sindhi was included in the eighth schedule of the indian constitution in 1967, ahead of several other languages spoken by larger “indigenous” communities that had to wait until the 1990s and early 2000s. incidentally, unlike balochistan, sindh also figures in india’s national anthem, which was composed before partition.
furthermore, there is little awareness of balochistan, or the baloch people, in india.[13] this is reflected in the fact that, beyond the ancient shrines such as hinglaj mata of lasbela, there is not much discussion about other parts of the province. balochistan’s mehrgarh is among the oldest archaeological sites of the sub-continent that have yielded evidence of settled cultivation. it predates the indus valley civilisation by a few millennia. sutkagen-dor, the westernmost site of the indus valley civilisation, is also located in balochistan, right on the iranian border, but indian history textbooks focus entirely on sindh and punjab provinces of pakistan.[14]
last, but not least, the indian intelligentsia and media are divided on the baloch issue. one section is more concerned about human rights violations in palestine than in nearby balochistan. the other conflates the desirability and feasibility of baloch independence and is, therefore, wildly enthusiastic about the baloch cause. in contrast, east pakistan evoked sympathy across the board. so, given the lack of awareness of balochistan, the divisions within the intelligentsia and media, and the miniscule baloch population in india, it is not easy to mobilise public opinion[15] in india to compel the government, which seems to lack both a clear policy[16] to deal with the baloch issue and offensive strategic assets inside balochistan or in its neighbourhood, to intervene in favour of the baloch cause. it is not the case that indian public opinion cannot be mobilised in favour of balochistan, only that someone would have to expend considerable political capital to do so.
conclusion
the indian government is not likely to be driven by the unreasonable expectations of social media warriors and jingoistic sections of the media. india is certainly much stronger than it was in 1971 but, for the reasons discussed above, that does not mean that it can easily facilitate the secession of balochistan. it bears reiterating that while pakistan has failed to eliminate the baloch insurgency and integrate the people, the baloch have, on the other hand, failed to unite against the pakistani state. the baloch failed to make use of the apparent opportunity provided in the early 1970s, when the pakistani state was in disarray after losing almost half of its territory and population. this longstanding impasse highlights the limits of how external intervention can help the baloch people, who are divided across three countries and led by a fragmented leadership. the difficulty in uniting the baloch factions should not be underestimated. even in its smaller neighbours, india has only occasionally managed to put together favourable coalitions and such coalitions have not survived for long. playing a similar role in distant balochistan is going to be that much more difficult and the outcome even less predictable.
india should decide upon the scale of its engagement with the baloch people through a clear-headed assessment of its long-term interests and its capability to intervene meaningfully in favour of the baloch people. the government must not use the baloch issue as a bargaining chip with pakistan because instrumentalism and short-termism will harm the baloch cause and reduce india’s overall bargaining power vis-à-vis its neighbour.[17]
*****
[1] other countries that could contribute to the final outcome include the arab monarchies and turkey, which are traditionally pro-pakistan. the former, however, are bitterly opposed to iran, while the latter is trying to cultivate friendly relations with it. moreover, oman, an arab country, is likely to be relatively favourably disposed towards the baloch. as a result, west asia will stand divided in response to a potential baloch bid for independence.
[2] the iran-afghanistan border, which divides the helmand river basin, is different from the iran-pakistan border that passes through a largely arid and barren territory.
[3] the history of india’s engagement with balochistan has been chequered. india refused to accept kalat state’s offer of accession in the aftermath of partition. it also seems to have turned down a possible offer from the sultan of muscat and oman to take over gwadar, where it had a diplomatic presence until 1958, and scaled down engagement with baloch leaders in the 1970s hoping that it would affect a change of heart in rawalpindi. baloch leaders have their own history of ambivalence, though.
[4] the indian prime minister referred to balochistan on two occasions in august 2016. on 12 august, at an all party meeting, he suggested that ‘the time has come when pakistan shall have to answer to the world for the atrocities committed by it against people in baluchistan and pok [pakistan occupied kashmir and jammu].’ three days later, on 15 august, he said, ‘in the last few days the way the people of balochistan, gilgit, from pak-occupied kashmir have thanked me, it is the honour of 1.25 billion people of india. i thank those people from balochistan, gilgit and pak-occupied kashmir.’ on 26 september 2016, in her address to the un general assembly, the foreign minister drew attention to the ‘brutality against the baloch people [that] represents the worst form of state oppression.’ in september 2016, india referred to balochistan on four occasions in the 33rd session of the unhcr (14, 16, 19 and 26 september).
[5] before joining the government, the present national security advisor was reported to have suggested that india could support the baloch independence movement to check cross-border terrorism emanating from pakistan.
[6] even otherwise, developments such as the uri attack, tamil nadu chief minister jayalalithaa’s extended hospitalisation (and subsequent death), and demonetisation of higher denomination currency notes left no room for “non-essential” causes in the media.
[7] not much can be read into developments such the appointment of an officer with experience of dealing with the baloch issue as the head of india’s external intelligence agency, the research and analysis wing (raw), because the government followed convention and appointed the most senior officer to head the organisation.
[8] over the past few months, the ruling party and its parent and sister organisations invited exiled baloch leaders to several public discussions across the country.
[9] after all, suu kyi’s myanmar and sirisena’s sri lanka have not turned out too badly for china. political/ideological inclinations aside, leaders of smaller countries in india’s neighbourhood, including a potentially independent balochistan, will find it difficult to overcome the techno-economic charm of a rising china. india can counter china’s growing techno-economic influence only by quickly expanding its own indigenous technological and manufacturing base (possibly with the assistance of chinese investments).
[10] iran has a much larger diplomatic footprint across pakistan.
[11] the rationale behind the timing of the brazen tweet remains unclear, although it appears that the pakistani army wanted to weaken public support for the parliament’s stance of remaining neutral in the saudi-iranian rivalry (and to divert attention away from investigation of the terrorist attack on india’s pathankot airbase). there could not have been a better way of doing this than by accusing iran of hosting indian spies. incidentally, pakistan’s army chief concerned has reportedly agreed to head an anti-terrorism coalition floated by saudi arabia that does not include shia countries.
[12] the baloch hindu businessmen were historically linked to the sindhi or punjabi trading networks, depending upon which part of baluchistan they lived in, and seem to have merged with the larger sindhi and punjabi business communities upon migration to india.
[13] there is hardly anyone in indian academia, diplomatic circles or media who has spent reasonable time outside the major cities of punjab and sindh.
[14] i should hasten to add that indians, in general, have very little interest in, and much less awareness of, pakistan as a whole. rajiv dogra, who served in the indian consulate in karachi, rightly lamented that, ‘for a people who claim shared ancestry, indians are strangers to the pulse of pakistan.’
[15] the indian media barely took note when, in the first week of march this year, india once again raised the issue of human rights violations in the province at the unhcr. the ongoing assembly elections in uttar pradesh, which is perhaps the most important provincial election ahead of the 2019 parliamentary election, cannot alone explain this aloofness.
[16] at the risk of sounding flippant, one could argue that before it adopts a clear policy on balochistan, the indian government should at least consider adopting a uniform spelling of “balochistan” in its publications. at present, it is using at least two different spellings: baluchistan and balochistan.
[17] the government has hopefully not forgotten the easily avoidable embarrassment caused by its flip-flop on the issue of granting visas to uighur activists.
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haɪ ˈɛvriˌwən! aɪ wɑz soʊ ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ traɪ ðə ˈmeɪbəˌlin bliʧt niɑnz, (aɪ lɪv fər niɑn ənd ˈglɪtər!), ənd ðɪs ˈkələr dɪd nɑt ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt. fərst əv ɔl; ɪt wɑz ˈæˌkʧuəli niɑn, ənˈlaɪk ə lɔt əv ðət ˈædvərˌtaɪz ðɛmˈsɛlvz tɪ bi niɑn, ənd ðɛn ʤɪst aren’t*. seɪ niɑn ɪf nɑt niɑn! fɔls ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt! (æm aɪ ˈgɪtɪŋ tu? aɪ gɪt ə bɪt əˈbaʊt niɑnz). ˈsɛkəndli, ɪt wɑz ə ˈgɔrʤəs ˈkələr. ɪt sæt pɪŋk ənd ˈkɔrəl, ˈniðər wən nɔr ðə ˈəðər, ʤɪst sæt ðɛr, biɪŋ ˈprɪti. aɪ ləvd ɪt ənd aɪ kip ˈpɪkɪŋ ɪt tɪ wɛr ˈoʊvər maɪ ˈəðər niɑnz ʤɪst bɪˈkəz ðə ˈkələr ɪz ə bɪt ˈdɪfərənt, ə bɪt lɛs ˈɑbviəs ənd ˈrɪli girly*. (ju noʊ, kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə ˈtræfɪk koʊn ˈɔrɪnʤ niɑn ənd ðə ˈjɛloʊ niɑn). ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt ɪz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ wɛr ðɪs ˈpɑlɪʃ ˈoʊvər ə waɪt beɪs. aɪ juzd ˈɛsəns waɪld waɪt weɪz, wɪʧ həz ə greɪt ˈfɔrmjələ ənd ˈkəvərɪʤ. ɪf ju ər ˈʃɑpɪŋ fər ə waɪt ˈpɑlɪʃ, ˈhaɪli ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd ðɪs wən. aɪ wɛnt aʊt ənd bɔt ə fju ˈbæˌkəps bɪˈkəz soʊ hɑrd tɪ faɪnd ə gʊd waɪt. ˈmeɪbəˌlin (bliʧt niɑnz) ˈoʊvər ˈɛsəns waɪld waɪt weɪz θæŋks fər ˈlʊkɪŋ! ˈædvərˌtaɪzmənts
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hi everyone! :)
i was so excited to try the maybelline bleached neons, (i live for neon and glitter!), and this colour did not disappoint.
first of all; it was actually neon, unlike a lot of polishes that advertise themselves to be neon, and then just aren’t. don’t say you’re neon if you’re not neon! it’s false advertisement! (am i getting too shouty? i get a bit shouty about non-neon neons).
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maybelline tropink (bleached neons) over essence wild white ways
thanks for looking!
-eleobel xoxo
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ˈkrʊkəd kəˈmɛnsmənt spiʧ eɪʤ wɛl ˈpərvərt ɪˈdɪʃən ˈhɪləri kəˈmɛnsmənt spiʧ æt hər ˈɑlmə ˈmɑtər ˈwɛlzli ˈkɑlɪʤ wɑz əv ˌɪˈnækjərˌæsiz ənd dɪd nɑt eɪʤ wɛl. ˈhɪləri læʃt aʊt æt ˈrisənt ˈsoʊˈkɔld kənˈspɪrəsiz: ər ˈgræʤəˌweɪtɪŋ æt ə taɪm wɪn ðɛr ɪz ə əˈsɔlt ɔn truθ ənd ˈrizən. ˈpipəl dɪˈnaɪɪŋ saɪəns, kənˈkɑktɪŋ ɪˈlæbərˌeɪt, ˈhərtfəl kənˈspɪrəsi ˈθɪriz əˈbaʊt ʧaɪld əˈbjuz rings…”*…” jæ, ðət wərk aʊt soʊ wɛl. ˈænθɔˌni ˈwaɪnər, ðə ˈhəzbənd əv hər tɔp eɪd abedin*, ˈplidɪd ˈgɪlti tɪ ˈsɛkˌstɪŋ wɪθ ə 15 gərl læst wik. ənd ˈdɛməˌkræt ˈʤeɪkəb ʃwɔrts, 29 hu wɑz ə də ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ˈstæfər ənd ə ˈraɪzɪŋ jəŋ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈfɪgjər, wɑz ərˈɛstɪd ðɪs wik ɔn ʧaɪld pɔrn ˈʧɑrʤɪz. jæ, ðət ˈhɪləri laɪn du soʊ wɛl. ˈviə reddit*:
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crooked hillary’s commencement speech didn’t age well – pervert edition
hillary clinton’s trump-bashing commencement speech at her alma mater wellesley college was chock-full of inaccuracies and did not age well.
hillary lashed out at recent so-called conspiracies:
“you are graduating at a time when there is a full-fledged assault on truth and reason. people denying science, concocting elaborate, hurtful conspiracy theories about child abuse rings…”
yeah, that didn’t work out so well.
anthony weiner, the husband of her top aide huma abedin, pleaded guilty to sexting with a 15 year-old girl last week.
and democrat jacob schwartz, 29, who was a nyc de blasio administration staffer and a rising young democratic figure, was arrested this week on child porn charges.
yeah, that hillary line didn’t do so well.
via reddit:
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ˈwɪtni ˈhæmptən (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: prəˈvaɪdɪd) bɑnd wɑz sɛt ˈmənˌdeɪ æt ˈsɛvərəl ˈmɪljən ˈdɔlərz fər θri ˈpipəl ərˈɛstɪd ˈæftər ə ˈbætəl krik bæŋk ˈrɑbəri, pəˈlis pərˈsut ənd ˈʃutɪŋ. "ðɪs wɑz ə ˈrənɪŋ gən ˈbætəl ɔn kəˈləmbiə ˈævəˌnu," kæˈlhun ˈkaʊnti ˈprɑsɪˌkjutər ˈdeɪvɪd ˈgɪlbərt sɛd. "hi wɑz ˈhæŋɪŋ aʊt əv ðə kɑr ˈʃutɪŋ." ˈrɑbərt ˈwɪljəmz, 40 əv ˈbætəl krik ɪz ʧɑrʤd wɪθ θri kaʊnts əv ɑrmd ˈrɑbəri, tu ˈwɛpənz ˈʧɑrʤɪz ənd fɛˈloʊniəs əˈsɔlt. kloʊz wɔʧ ɛz ˈbætəl krik pəˈlis pərˈsu əˈlɛʤd bæŋk ˈrɑbərz θru ðə ˈsɪti ɪn ə ʧeɪs ðət ˈɛndɪd wɪθ ˈgənˌfaɪər ənd ərˈɛsts. (ˈvɪdioʊ prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ˈbætəl krik pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt) ˈændi ˌfɪtˈspætrɪk "wi wɪl bi ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðət tɪ əˈsɔlt wɪθ ˌɪnˈtɛnt tɪ ˈmərdər ɔn (ˈɔfɪsər) ˈændru ˈwaɪnər," ˈgɪlbərt sɛd ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈwɪljəmz' ərˈeɪnmənt ɪn kæˈlhun ˈkaʊnti ˈdɪstrɪkt kɔrt. ˈbætəl krik pəˈlis sɛd ˈwɪljəmz ˈoʊpənd ðə rɪr dɔr əv ən ˌɛsˌjuˈvi ənd faɪərd æt list θri ˈvɑliz əv ˈməltəpəl ʃɑts frəm ə kəˈmænˌdoʊ mɑrk ˈraɪfəl æt ðə pərˈsuɪŋ pəˈlis kɑr. ðə fərst ʃɑts strək ðə frənt raɪt saɪd əv ðə pəˈtroʊl kɑr ˈdrɪvən baɪ ˈwaɪnər, ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈflætənɪŋ ə taɪər ɛz ˈwaɪnər kənˈtɪnjud ðə pərˈsut frəm ˈkæpɪtəl ˈævəˌnu tɪ kəˈləmbiə ˈævəˌnu tɪ meɪn strit ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli tɪ ˈʧɛri ənd ˈjunjən strits, wɛr ðə ˈviɪkəl kræʃt ˈɪntu əˈnəðər ənd ˈwɪljəmz ənd tu ˈəðərz wər ərˈɛstɪd ˈæftər ˈwɪljəmz wɑz ʃɑt ɪn ðə hænd baɪ ˈsɑrʤənt. kərt rɔθ. pəˈlis sɛd ðə pərˈsut bɪˈgæn əˈbaʊt a.m*. ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ɔn ˈkæpɪtəl ˈævəˌnu ˌsaʊθˈwɛst saʊθ əv kəˈləmbiə ˈævəˌnu ˈæftər ˈwɪljəmz ˈɛnərd ðə bæŋk æt 2521 ˈkæpɪtəl ˈɑˌveɪ. s.w*. ənd ˈpɔɪntɪd ə ˈhændˌgən æt θri ˈtɛlərz, ˈteɪkɪŋ ən ˌəndɪˈskloʊzd əˈmaʊnt əv ˈməni. "hi wɛnt ˈɪntu ðə bæŋk wɪθ ðə ˈhændˌgən aʊt," sɛd ˈmeɪʤər ˈɔstən ˈsaɪmənz. "hi wɑz ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈpɔɪntɪŋ ðə gən. hi ˈdɪdənt wɔk ɪn wɪθ ɪt təkt ɪn hɪz koʊt." ˈrɪʧərd jəŋ (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: prəˈvaɪdɪd) ðə ˈrɑbər wɔkt tɪ θri ˈtɛlərz ənd tʊk ˈməni frəm iʧ æt ˈgənˌpɔɪnt. hi ðɛn lɛft ðə bæŋk ənd flɛd ɪn ə ˈsætərn ˌɛsˌjuˈvi. ˈsaɪmənz sɛd ˈwɪtnəsɪz sɔ ðə ˈviɪkəl ənd wər ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪv pəˈlis ə dɪˈskrɪpʃən. ðə ˌɛsˌjuˈvi wɛnt nɔrθ ɔn ˈkæpɪtəl ˈævəˌnu, ˈpæsɪŋ ə kæˈlhun ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪf dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈdɛpjəti æt ˈkəntri kləb ˈbʊləˌvɑrd, bət ðə dɪˈskrɪpʃən hæd nɑt bɪn ˈbrɔdˌkæst ənd ðə ˈdɛpjəti ˈdɪdənt noʊ wət ˈviɪkəl wɑz ˈwɔntɪd. bət ˈwaɪnər ˈspɑtɪd ðə ˌɛsˌjuˈvi nɪr ˈkæpɪtəl ˈævəˌnu ənd ˈgoʊldən ˈævəˌnu ənd bɪˈgæn hɪz pərˈsut. ðə ˌɛsˌjuˈvi wɛnt θru ə ˈpɑrkɪŋ lɔt ɔn ðə ˌsaʊˈθist ˈkɔrnər əv ˈkæpɪtəl ənd kəˈləmbiə ˈævəˌnuz ənd ðɛn kənˈtɪnjud ist ɔn kəˈləmbiə. ðət ɪz wɪn ðə rɪr ˈpæsənʤər saɪd dɔr ˈoʊpənd fər ðə fərst taɪm ənd ˈwaɪnər ˈreɪdiˌoʊd ðət ʃɑts hæd bɪn faɪərd æt hɪz pəˈtroʊl kɑr. wən əv ðə ʃɑts hɪt ðə pəˈlis kɑr ənd ˈpəŋkʧərd ðə raɪt frənt ˈpæsənʤər taɪər. ˈwaɪnər wʊd kɔl aʊt ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə pərˈsut ðət hɪz taɪər wɑz dɪˈfleɪtɪŋ, bət hi kənˈtɪnjud tɪ lɛd ˈəðər ˈɔfɪsərz ɪn ðə pərˈsut. ˈrɑbərt ˈwɪljəmz (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: prəˈvaɪdɪd) bʊʃ sɛd ðə dɔr ˈoʊpənd æt list faɪv taɪmz ənd ˈvɑliz əv ʃɑts wər faɪərd θri taɪmz. ðə kɑr kənˈtɪnjud tɪ meɪn strit, ˈtərnɪŋ nɔrθ, ənd ðɛn ist ɔn ˈmɛri strit tɪ ɛlm strit ənd ðɛn nɔrθ tɪ ˈʧɛri strit. nɪr ˈjunjən ðə fliɪŋ ˈviɪkəl strək əˈnəðər ˈviɪkəl ənd pəˈlis sɛd ˈwɪljəmz flɛd ɔn fʊt ˈkɛriɪŋ ə bæg, bət fərst ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ʃɑts frəm ə ˈhændˌgən. ɛz ˈɔfɪsərz kənˈvərʤd, ˈwɪljəmz əˈtɛmptəd tɪ klaɪm ə ˈpraɪvəsi fɛns ənd wɑz ʃɑt wəns ɪn ðə hænd baɪ rɔθ. ˈwɪljəmz wɑz ˈteɪkən tɪ ˈbrɑnsən ˈbætəl krik, wɛr hi wɑz ˈtritɪd fər ən ˈɪnʤəri tɪ ə ˈfɪŋgər ɔn hɪz lɛft hænd. ðə ˈəðər tu ˈpipəl, ˈrɪʧərd jəŋ, 36 ənd ˈwɪtni ˈhæmptən, 29 boʊθ əv ˈbætəl krik, rɪˈmeɪnd ɪn ðə kɑr ənd wər ərˈɛstɪd wɪˈθaʊt ˈɪnsədənt, pəˈlis sɛd. ˈhæmptən wɑz ðə ˈdraɪvər, pəˈlis sɛd, ənd ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ ʃi wɑz əreɪnd ɔn θri kaʊnts əv ɑrmd ˈrɑbəri ənd fliɪŋ frəm pəˈlis. jəŋ ɪz ʧɑrʤd wɪθ θri kaʊnts əv ɑrmd ˈrɑbəri ənd juz əv ə ˈfaɪˌrɑrm ɪn ðə kəˈmɪʃən əv ə ˈfɛləni. ˈhæmptən həz toʊld pəˈlis ʃi wɑz fɔrst tɪ kənˈtɪnju ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈivɪn ðoʊ ʃi toʊld ˈwɪljəmz ʃi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ stɑp. ˈmæʤɪˌstreɪt ʤoʊ ˈbrəʧi sɛt bɑnd æt 10 ˈmɪljən fər ˈwɪljəmz ənd æt 5 ˈmɪljən fər jəŋ ənd ˈhæmptən. ɔl θri ər ˈskɛʤʊld fər ə prɪˈlɪməˌnɛri ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃən ɔn dɛk. 12 boʊθ rɔθ ənd ˈwaɪnər wər pleɪst ɔn ruˈtin ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv liv; ˈwaɪnər ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ rɪˈtərn tɪ wərk ˈtuzˌdeɪ. ˈɛmɪt ˈtaʊnʃɪp ˈpəblɪk ˈseɪfti ˈɔfɪsərz ənd kæˈlhun ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪf ˈdɛpjətiz əˈsɪstɪd ˈbætəl krik pəˈlis. ˈkɑnˌtækt treɪs ˈkrɪstɪnsən æt ər tchrist@battlecreekenquirer.com*. ˈfɑloʊ ɪm ɔn tˈwɪtər: @tschristenson*. rɛd ər ʃɛr ðɪs ˈstɔri:
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whitney hampton (photo: provided)
bond was set monday at several million dollars for three people arrested after a battle creek bank robbery, police pursuit and shooting.
"this was a running gun battle on columbia avenue," calhoun county prosecutor david gilbert said. "he was hanging out of the car shooting."
robert williams, 40, of battle creek is charged with three counts of armed robbery, two weapons charges and felonious assault.
close watch as battle creek police pursue alleged bank robbers through the city in a chase that ended with gunfire and arrests. (video provided by battle creek police department) andy fitzpatrick
"we will be changing that to assault with intent to murder on (officer) andrew winer," gilbert said during williams' arraignment in calhoun county district court.
battle creek police said williams opened the rear passenger-side door of an suv and fired at least three volleys of multiple shots from a commando mark iii semi-automatic rifle at the pursuing police car.
the first shots struck the front right side of the patrol car driven by winer, eventually flattening a tire as winer continued the pursuit from capital avenue to columbia avenue to main street and eventually to cherry and union streets, where the vehicle crashed into another and williams and two others were arrested after williams was shot in the hand by sgt. kurt roth.
police said the pursuit began about 11:30 a.m. saturday on capital avenue southwest south of columbia avenue after williams entered the pnc bank at 2521 capital ave. s.w. and pointed a handgun at three tellers, taking an undisclosed amount of money.
"he went into the bank with the handgun out," said major austin simons. "he was immediately pointing the gun. he didn't walk in with it tucked in his coat."
richard young (photo: provided)
the robber walked to three tellers and took money from each at gunpoint. he then left the bank and fled in a saturn suv.
simons said witnesses saw the vehicle and were able to give police a description. the suv went north on capital avenue, passing a calhoun county sheriff department deputy at country club boulevard, but the description had not been broadcast and the deputy didn't know what vehicle was wanted.
but winer spotted the suv near capital avenue and golden avenue and began his pursuit.
the suv went through a parking lot on the southeast corner of capital and columbia avenues and then continued east on columbia.
that is when the rear passenger side door opened for the first time and winer radioed that shots had been fired at his patrol car.
one of the shots hit the police car and punctured the right front passenger tire. winer would call out later in the pursuit that his tire was deflating, but he continued to lead other officers in the pursuit.
robert williams (photo: provided)
bush said the door opened at least five times and volleys of shots were fired three times.
the car continued to main street, turning north, and then east on mary street to elm street and then north to cherry street. near union the fleeing vehicle struck another vehicle and police said williams fled on foot carrying a bag, but first firing shots from a handgun.
as officers converged, williams attempted to climb a privacy fence and was shot once in the hand by roth. williams was taken to bronson battle creek, where he was treated for an injury to a finger on his left hand.
the other two people, richard young, 36, and whitney hampton, 29, both of battle creek, remained in the car and were arrested without incident, police said.
hampton was the driver, police said, and on monday she was arraigned on three counts of armed robbery and fleeing from police. young is charged with three counts of armed robbery and use of a firearm in the commission of a felony.
hampton has told police she was forced to continue driving even though she told williams she wanted to stop.
magistrate joe brutsche set bond at $10 million for williams and at $5 million for young and hampton.
all three are scheduled for a preliminary examination on dec. 12.
both roth and winer were placed on routine administrative leave; winer is expected to return to work tuesday.
emmett township public safety officers and calhoun county sheriff deputies assisted battle creek police.
contact trace christenson at 966-0685 or tchrist@battlecreekenquirer.com. follow him on twitter: @tschristenson.
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ˈʃɑrlət, n.c*. ɪz tu məʧ ˈprɛʃər biɪŋ pʊt ɔn kˈwɔrtərˌbæk kæm ˈnutən tɪ wɪn fər ðə ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə ˈpænθərz? koʊʧ rɑn rɪˈvɛrə bɪˈlivz soʊ, ənd hi meɪks ə ˈvælɪd pɔɪnt. "tu məʧ ˈhɪnʤɪz ɔn ˈpipəl ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ɪts ɔl əˈbaʊt ʤɪst ðə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk,'' rɪˈvɛrə sɛd ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ. "jæ, hiz gɑt tɪ pleɪ wɛl, bət soʊ du ðə ˈəðər gaɪz əraʊnd ɪm. wən əv ðə θɪŋz aɪ traɪ tɪ tɛl ðə pleɪərz ɪz wi nid 11 gaɪz duɪŋ wən θɪŋ æt ə taɪm, nɑt wən gaɪ duɪŋ 11 "tu məʧ ˈhɪnʤɪz ɔn ˈpipəl ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ɪts ɔl əˈbaʊt ʤɪst ðə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk," koʊʧ rɑn rɪˈvɛrə sɛd əˈbaʊt kæm ˈnutən. ˈtɪməθi ti. təˈdeɪ spɔrts "ˈpipəl mɪs ðət. wi tɛnd tɪ pʊt ðə ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz ɔn wən gaɪ tu məʧ.'' ðə nu jɔrk ʤaɪənts hæv spɛnt ə lɔt əv taɪm ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ ɔn ˈnutən fər ˈsənˌdiz geɪm. ðeɪ hæv meɪd ðə tɔp səˈlɛkʃən əv ðə 2011 ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl dræft sim ˈlɑrʤər ðən laɪf, ˈkɔlɪŋ ɪm "wən əv ə kaɪnd'' bɪˈkəz əv hɪz saɪz ənd strɛŋθ. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ hæv spɛnt ðə wik ˈstədiɪŋ ˈrənɪŋ kˈwɔrtərˌbæks ɪn boʊθ ðə ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ənd ˈkɑlɪʤ. ðət ˈʃʊdənt kəm ɛz ə səˈpraɪz. ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə ˈlaɪnˌbækər ʧeɪs ˈblækbərn, hu ˈstɑrtɪd æt ˈmɪdəl ˈlaɪnˌbækər fər ðə ʤaɪənts ə jɪr əˈgoʊ ɪn ə ˈvɪktəri ˈoʊvər ðə ˈpænθərz, sɛd ðə goʊl ðɛn wɑz tɪ meɪk ˈnutən ənd ðə əˈfɛns. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, meɪk ˈnutən bit ðɛm wɪθ hɪz ɑrm. ɪt wərkt. ðə ʤaɪənts ʤəmpt tɪ ə lɛd, wɪʧ ˈbeɪsɪkli tʊk əˈweɪ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnəz ˈrənɪŋ geɪm. ˈnutən ˈfɪnɪʃt wɪθ sɪks jɑrdz ɔn sɪks ˈrəʃɪz ənd kəmˈplitɪd 16 əv 30 pæs əˈtɛmpts wɪθ θri ˌɪnərˈsɛpʃənz. rɪˈvɛrə wʊd ˈɑrgju ɪt ˈwəzənt soʊ məʧ ðət ðə ʤaɪənts meɪd ˈnutən ɛz ðə ˈpænθərz dɪd, ˈdrɑpɪŋ bɔlz ˈərli wɪn ðə skɔr wɑz taɪt ənd ðɛn ˈfɑlɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd baɪ θri skɔrz. ju kʊd ˈɑrgju ðə ˈpænθərz hæv meɪd ˈnutən soʊ fɑr ðɪs ˈsizən wɪθ koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər maɪk mɔr trəˈdɪʃənəl əˈfɛns. ˈnutən həz rəʃt ˈoʊnli naɪn taɪmz fər 53 jɑrdz, wɪʧ ræŋks ɪn ðə lig. ðæts ə peɪs fər 424 jɑrdz fər ə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ðət rəʃt fər 706 ənd 741 jɑrdz ðə pæst tu ˈsizənz. fɔr ˈəðər kˈwɔrtərˌbæks hæv mɔr ˈrəʃɪŋ jɑrdz ðɪs jɪr. ˈnutən ˈhæzənt fɛrd məʧ ˈbɛtər ˈpæsɪŋ. hɪz 354 jɑrdz ræŋks ɪn ðə lig. soʊ ənˈlɛs ðə ˈpænθərz tərn ˈnutən lus ɔn ðə graʊnd, ðə ʤaɪənts meɪ nɑt hæv tɪ wərk hɑrd tɪ meɪk ɪm. ˈmeɪbi ðæts ðə geɪm plæn, ðoʊ. æst ɪf ˈnutən maɪt rən mɔr ðɪs wik, rɪˈvɛrə sɛd, "wɪr ˈlʊkɪŋ æt θɪŋz wi du bɛst.'' æst ɪf ðə ʤaɪənts kən meɪk ˈnutən, hi sɛd, "əm nɑt ʃʊr wɪθ kæmz əˈbɪləˌti tɪ rən ðə bɔl ju kən meɪk ɪm.'' ɪz ðət ˈpʊtɪŋ tu məʧ ˈprɛʃər ɔn ˈnutən? nɑt ɪf ˈɛvriˌbɑdi əraʊnd ɪm dɪz ðɛr ʤɑb.
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charlotte, n.c. -- is too much pressure being put on quarterback cam newton to win for the winless carolina panthers?
coach ron rivera believes so, and he makes a valid point.
"too much hinges on people thinking it's all about just the quarterback,'' rivera said on friday. "yeah, he's got to play well, but so do the other guys around him. one of the things i try to tell the players is we need 11 guys doing one thing at a time, not one guy doing 11.
"too much hinges on people thinking it's all about just the quarterback," coach ron rivera said about cam newton. timothy t. ludwig/usa today sports
"people miss that. we tend to put the expectations on one guy too much.''
the winless new york giants have spent a lot of time focusing on newton for sunday's game. they have made the top selection of the 2011 nfl draft seem larger than life, calling him "one of a kind'' because of his size and strength.
they also have spent the week studying running quarterbacks in both the nfl and college.
that shouldn't come as a surprise. carolina linebacker chase blackburn, who started at middle linebacker for the giants a year ago in a 36-7 victory over the panthers, said the goal then was to make newton and the offense one-dimensional.
in other words, make newton beat them with his arm.
it worked. the giants jumped to a 20-0 lead, which basically took away carolina's running game. newton finished with six yards on six rushes and completed 16 of 30 pass attempts with three interceptions.
rivera would argue it wasn't so much that the giants made newton one-dimensional as the panthers did, dropping catchable balls early when the score was tight and then falling behind by three scores.
you could argue the panthers have made newton one-dimensional so far this season with coordinator mike shula's more traditional offense. newton has rushed only nine times for 53 yards, which ranks 45th in the league.
that's a pace for 424 yards for a quarterback that rushed for 706 and 741 yards the past two seasons. four other quarterbacks have more rushing yards this year.
newton hasn't fared much better passing. his 354 yards ranks 28th in the league.
so unless the panthers turn newton loose on the ground, the giants may not have to work hard to make him one-dimensional. maybe that's the game plan, though.
asked if newton might run more this week, rivera said, "we're looking at things we do best.''
asked if the giants can make newton one-dimensional, he said, "i'm not sure with cam's ability to run the ball you can make him one-dimensional.''
is that putting too much pressure on newton? not if everybody around him does their job.
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ɛz ˈɛniˌwən noʊz hu ˈfɑloʊz tˈwɪtər əˈkaʊnt, wi ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli gɪt ən ˈirˌfəl əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɪʃu əv ˈraɪdər ˈɛtəkət. tɪ pʊt ɪt ˈlaɪtli, ˈraɪdərz wʊd əˈpriʃiˌeɪt səm ˈkərtəsi frəm ˈəðər ˈraɪdərz wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ θɪŋz laɪk ˈstændɪŋ tɪ ðə raɪt ɔn ðə ˈɛskəˌleɪtər, ˈkipɪŋ ɑr ˈbəsɪz ənd treɪnz klin, ˈraɪdɪŋ wɪθ lɑrʤ ˈləgɪʤ ənd kɑrts ənd ˈprɑpər bəs ənd treɪn ˈbɔrdɪŋ ənd ˈɛgzɪtɪŋ ˈɛtəkət tɪ neɪm ʤɪst ə fju. wɪθ ðət ɪn maɪnd, ɑr ˈmɑrkətɪŋ tim həz prəˈdust ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈvɪdioʊz tɪ hɛlp prəˈmoʊt ˈbɛtər ˈtrænzɪt bɪˈheɪvjər. ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə wən ˈpoʊstɪd əˈbəv. səm foʊks ʤɪst noʊ ˈbɛtər ənd ðə ˈvɪdioʊz ˈʤɛntli ənd ˈhjumərəsli hɛlp ˈstreɪtən ðɛm aʊt. ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə nu etiquette’*’ peɪʤ ɔn ðət ˈfiʧərz ðə ˈvɪdioʊz, wɪʧ ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈfiʧərɪŋ ɔn ðə sɔrs ənd ɑr ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə. laɪk ðɪs: laɪk ˈloʊdɪŋ...
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as anyone knows who follows metro’s twitter account, we occasionally get an earful about the issue of rider etiquette.
to put it lightly, riders would appreciate some courtesy from other riders when it comes to things like standing to the right on the escalator, keeping our buses and trains clean, riding with large luggage and carts and proper bus and train boarding and exiting etiquette — to name just a few.
with that in mind, our marketing team has produced a series of videos to help promote better transit behavior. including the one posted above. some folks just don’t know better and the videos gently and humorously help straighten them out. 🙂
there is also a new ‘rider etiquette’ page on metro.net that features the videos, which we’ll also be featuring on the source and our social media.
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ˈrinoʊ, nev*. ˈpɛdərsən fər ðə θərd taɪm ɪn faɪv geɪmz tɪ taɪ ɪt ɪn ðə sɪksθ ˈɪnɪŋ, ənd ðə ˈælbəkərki ˈaɪsəˌtoʊps skɔrd ən əˈnərnd rən ɪn ðə naɪnθ tɪ daʊn ðə ˈrinoʊ ˈeɪsɪz ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˌæftərˈnun. ðə ˈaɪsəˌtoʊps hæv wən fɔr streɪt geɪmz. ˈpɛdərsən hæd jɛt əˈnəðər ɪˈvɛntfəl deɪ: wɔkt ɪn ðə fərst ˈɪnɪŋ; meɪd ə ˈdaɪvɪŋ kæʧ ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈɪnɪŋ tɪ rɑb ˈtaɪlər ˈbɔrtnɪk əv ə ˈsɪŋgəl; ˈdəbəld ɪn ðə θərd ˈɪnɪŋ; ʤɪst mɪst ˈkæʧɪŋ ˈdidi' draɪv tɪ dip ɪn ðə fɪθ ˈɪnɪŋ, wɪʧ tərnd ˈɪntu ən hoʊm rən; ənd smæʃt ə ˈmæsɪv hoʊm rən tɪ streɪt əˈweɪ ˈsɛnər ɪn ðə sɪksθ ˈɪnɪŋ. mɪˈgɛl ɔˈlivoʊ ənd klɪnt ˈrɑbənsən ˈɔlsoʊ ˈædɪd ðɛr fərst hoʊm rənz əv ðə ˈsizən. ɔˈlivoʊ naʊ həz faɪv ɪn 15 ˈætˈbæts ðɪs jɪr. ðə ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈræli ɪn ðə naɪnθ wɑz ˌɪgˈnaɪtɪd baɪ ə braɪən bənt ˈsɪŋgəl tɪ lɛd ɔf ðə ˈɪnɪŋ. ˈæftər ə ˈkɑrloʊs ˈsækrəˌfaɪs bənt muvd ɪm tɪ ˈsɛkənd beɪs, ˈwɔltər ˌɪˈbɑrə ˈsɪŋgəld tɪ lɛft, ənd ʤɪst ɛz wɑz sloʊɪŋ daʊn æt θərd beɪs, lɛft ˈfildər ˌælˈfreɪdoʊ mɑrt ˈbɔbəld ðə bɔl, ɪˈneɪbəlɪŋ tɪ skɔr ðə rən. ˈstɑrtɪŋ ˈpɪʧər rɛd ˈpætərsən əˈlaʊd tu rənz ɪn ˈɪnɪŋz. stiv smɪθ ˈstrændɪd tu əv ˈpætərsənz ˈrənərz ɪn ðə fɔrθ, bət ðɛn əˈlaʊd ðə ˈhoʊmər ɪn ðə fɪθ. koʊlt haɪnz meɪd hɪz ˈdɑʤərz ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ˈdeɪbju wɪθ ə ˈskɔrləs sɪksθ ˈɪnɪŋ. ˌgɑrˈsiə ˈfɑloʊd əp hɪz pərˈfɔrməns baɪ ˈstraɪkɪŋ aʊt fɔr ˈbætərz ɪn tu ˈskɔrləs freɪmz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈfaɪnəl tu ˈbætərz əv ðə eɪθ ˈɪnɪŋ tɪ strænd ə pɛr əv ˈrənərz ɔn beɪs. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˌgɑrˈsiə həz pɪʧt ˈoʊnli ə ˈtoʊtəl əv fɔr ˈɪnɪŋz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə 2014 ˈsizən, hi lidz ðə ˈaɪsəˌtoʊps wɪθ tu wɪnz. ʤɑʃ ˈʤudi strək aʊt tɪ ɛnd ðə geɪm ˈæftər ˈændi mɑrt ˈdəbəld wɪθ tu aʊts ɪn ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə naɪnθ. ɪt ɪz ˈʤudiz fərst seɪv əv ðə ˈsizən. noʊts: ðə ˈsɪriz kənˈtɪnjuz wɪθ geɪm θri ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ naɪt, ˈstɑrtɪŋ æt piɛm ˈɛmˈti. ðə ʃoʊ bɪˈgɪnz æt piɛm, wɪθ ʤɑʃ ɔn ðə kɔl fər 610 "ðə spɔrts ˈænəməl." ˈstivən faɪf meɪks hɪz ˈsɛkənd stɑrt ðɪs jɪr fər ðə ˈaɪsəˌtoʊps. maɪk gɪts ðə bɔl fər ðə ˈeɪsɪz. ˈʤeɪmi ɪkˈstɛndɪd hɪz ˈhɪtɪŋ strik tɪ 12 geɪmz wɪθ ə ˈsɪŋgəl ɪn ðə θərd ˈɪnɪŋ. ˈpɛdərsən həz riʧt beɪs ɪn 12 əv hɪz læst 19 pleɪt əˈpɪrənsəz. ðə læst hoʊm rən baɪ ən ˈaɪsəˌtoʊps əˈpoʊnənt wɑz ˈʤɛrəˌmi mʊr ɔn ˈɔgəst 10 2011 wɪn mʊr wɑz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə sɔlt leɪk biz.
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reno, nev. - joc pederson homered for the third time in five games to tie it in the sixth inning, and the albuquerque isotopes scored an unearned run in the ninth to down the reno aces 4-3 tuesday afternoon.
the isotopes (4-1) have won four straight games.
pederson had yet another eventful day: walked in the first inning; made a diving catch in the second inning to rob tyler bortnick of a single; doubled in the third inning; just missed catching didi gregorius' drive to deep left-center in the fifth inning, which gregorius turned into an inside-the-park home run; and smashed a massive home run to straight away center in the sixth inning.
miguel olivo and clint robinson also added their first home runs of the season. olivo now has five rbis in 15 at-bats this year.
the winning rally in the ninth was ignited by a brian cavazos-galvez bunt single to lead off the inning. after a carlos triunfel sacrifice bunt moved him to second base, walter ibarra singled to left, and just as cavazos-galvez was slowing down at third base, left fielder alfredo marte bobbled the ball, enabling cavazos-galvez to score the go-ahead run.
starting pitcher red patterson allowed two runs in 3.1 innings. steve smith stranded two of patterson's runners in the fourth, but then allowed the gregorius inside-the-park homer in the fifth.
colt hynes made his dodgers organization debut with a seven-pitch scoreless sixth inning. yimi garcia followed up his performance by striking out four batters in two scoreless frames, including the final two batters of the eighth inning to strand a pair of runners on base. although garcia has pitched only a total of four innings during the 2014 season, he leads the isotopes with two wins.
josh judy struck out inciarte to end the game after andy marte doubled with two outs in the bottom of the ninth. it is judy's first save of the season.
notes:
• the four-game series continues with game three on wednesday night, starting at 7:35 pm mt. the pre-game show begins at 7:15 pm, with josh suchon on the call for 610 "the sports animal." rhp stephen fife makes his second start this year for the isotopes. rhp mike bolsinger gets the ball for the aces.
• jamie romak extended his hitting streak to 12 games with a single in the third inning.
• pederson has reached base in 12 of his last 19 plate appearances.
• the last inside-the-park home run by an isotopes opponent was jeremy moore on august 10, 2011 when moore was a member of the salt lake bees.
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ðə ˈkæmərə wɑz ˌɪnˈstɔld əˈbaʊt sɪks jɪrz əˈgoʊ, hi sɪz, ənd ɪts əˈlɑrmɪŋ ðət ˈɛnibədi hu wɔnts tɪ kən hæv ə pik æt wət hɪz rɪˈsɛpʃənɪst ɪz duɪŋ. ˈjuʒəwəli ju nid ən ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən tɪ si ðɪs fɑr ˌɪnˈsaɪd ˈsəmˌwən ˈɛlsɪz laʊnʤ rum. ðɪs ɪz əˈnəðər ˈpɪkʧər frəm ˈsɪdni. ɪn əˈnəðər strim frəm ˈsɪdni, ju kən pɪr ˌɪnˈsaɪd ə laʊnʤ rum. ɪts klɪr ðə ˈoʊnərz hæv ə ˈpæʃən fər ˈpərpəl, wɪθ sits, rəgz ənd ˈkʊʃənz ɔl ˈkələrd ɪn ˈdɪfərənt ʃeɪdz. ɪn ə ˈdɪfərənt ˈlɪvɪŋ rum, ðɛrz ən ɪkˈstrimli ɪˈlæbərˌeɪt ʧaɪldz ˈpleɪˌpɛn ˈsɛˌtəp, kəmˈplit wɪθ ˈplæstɪk slaɪd. ɛz aɪ mənʧ ɔn ə bəˈnænə ənd swɪʧ tɪ əˈnəðər strim, aɪ wɔʧ tu mɛn ɛz ðeɪ meɪk ðɛr səˈlɛkʃənz æt ə ˈsænwɪʧ stɔr. ɛz ðə peɪʤ rɪˈfrɛʃɪz, aɪ si ðɛm muv əˈlɔŋ ðə laɪn, dip ɪn ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən. ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt kleɪmz tɪ hæv kəˈlɛktəd ðə fidz əv mɔr ðən ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˈkæmərəz frəm əraʊnd ðə wərld (ju kən wɔʧ səm sɔrt əv skeɪl ɪn ˌɪˈrɑk, ənd ɪn uzˈbɛkɪˌstæn ðɛrz ən ˈɛmti, roʊd fər vjuɪŋ), ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ 924 frəm ɔˈstreɪljə. ˈfʊtɪʤ frəm ˌaɪˌpi ˈkæmərəz, laɪk ˈsiˌsiˈtiˌvi wənz, ər strimd ˈɔnˌlaɪn fər ˈoʊnərz tɪ vju. kleɪmz tɪ hæv kəˈlɛktəd mɔr ðən 900 fidz frəm ɔˈstreɪljən ˌaɪˌpi ˈkæmərəz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðɪs wən frəm ə kˈwinzˌlænd ˈbɪznɪs. kleɪmz ðət ðət ðeɪv bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈækˌsɛs ðə fidz bɪˈkəz ˈoʊnərz ˈhævənt ʧeɪnʤd ðɛr ˈpæsˌwərdz frəm ðə ʤəˈnɛrɪk wənz ðət kəm wɪθ ðə dɪˈvaɪsɪz laɪk 1234 ər ˈædmɪn. "ðɪs saɪt həz bɪn dɪˈzaɪnd ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsɛtɪŋz. tɪ riˈmuv jʊr ˈpəblɪk ˈkæmərə frəm ðɪs saɪt ənd meɪk ɪt ˈpraɪvət, ðə ˈoʊnli θɪŋ ju nid tɪ du ɪz tɪ ʧeɪnʤ jʊr ˈkæmərə ˈpæsˌwərd," sɪz. ðɛr wər ˈdəzənz əv fidz əv ˈbeɪbi bɛdz ənd ˈpleɪˌrumz ɪn ˈsɪdni biɪŋ strimd ˈɔnˌlaɪn. əv kɔrs, ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ bi ə ˈpipɪŋ tɑm, ðɛr ər ˈəðər weɪz tɪ ˈækˌsɛs ðɪs kaɪnd əv θɪŋ ˈɔnˌlaɪn. ðɛrz ðə ˈʃædoʊi sərʧ ˈɪnʤən ənd ˈgugəl (wɛr ju juz ˈspɛʃəl sərʧ ˈsɪnˌtæks tɪ faɪnd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən) ənd ˈəðər sərˈveɪləns ˈkæmərə sərʧ ˈsɔfˌwɛr. prəˈfɛsər ʤeɪmz dər, ðə dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈsɛntər fər ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈstədiz æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈsɪdni, sɛd ðə fidz wər ən ˌɪnˈveɪʒən əv ˈpraɪvəsi, bət ˈpipəl ʃʊd lərn frəm ɪt. hi sɛd ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr keɪs wɑz juˈnik bɪˈkəz əv ɪts skeɪl. ə ˈbeɪbiz ˌɪnˈsaɪd əˈnəðər ˈsɪdni ˈprɑpərti. "ðə fækt ɪz raɪt naʊ wi ər ðə moʊst trænˈspɛrənt soʊˈsaɪɪti ðət həz ˈɛvər ɪgˈzɪstəd, ənd ˈpipəl wʊd stɪl laɪk tɪ bɪˈliv ðət ðeɪ ər ˈɛksərˌsaɪzɪŋ ˈpraɪvəsi wɪθ bæd ˈpæsˌwərdz ər nɑt ˈhævɪŋ ˈpæsˌwərdz æt ɔl," prəˈfɛsər dər sɛd. "ˈɛvriˌbɑdi ʃʊd trit ˈɛniˌθɪŋ biɪŋ ˈteɪkən ə ˈpɪkʧər, ən ˈɪmɪʤ, ə ˈvɪdioʊ ɪn ðə dɪˈfɔlt ðət ðɪs ɪz ˈpəblɪk ˈækˌsɛs, nɑt ˈpraɪvət ˈækˌsɛs."
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the camera was installed about six years ago, he says, and it's alarming that anybody who wants to can have a peek at what his receptionist is doing. usually you need an invitation to see this far inside someone else's lounge room. this is another picture from sydney. credit:insecam in another stream from sydney, you can peer inside a lounge room. it's clear the owners have a passion for purple, with seats, rugs and cushions all coloured in different shades. in a different living room, there's an extremely elaborate child's playpen set-up, complete with plastic slide. as i munch on a banana and switch to another stream, i watch two men as they make their selections at a sandwich store. as the page refreshes, i see them move along the line, deep in conversation.
the website insecam claims to have collected the feeds of more than 73,000 internet protocol cameras from around the world (you can watch some sort of scale in iraq, and in uzbekistan there's an empty, tree-lined road for viewing), including 924 from australia. footage from ip cameras, like cctv ones, are streamed online for owners to view. insecam claims to have collected more than 900 feeds from australian ip cameras, including this one from a queensland business. credit:insecam insecam claims that that they've been able to access the feeds because owners haven't changed their passwords from the generic ones that come with the devices – like 1234, or admin. "this site has been designed in order to show the importance of the security settings. to remove your public camera from this site and make it private, the only thing you need to do is to change your camera password," insecam says. there were dozens of feeds of baby beds and playrooms in sydney being streamed online. credit:insecam
of course, if you want to be a peeping tom, there are other ways to access this kind of thing online. there's the shadowy search engine shodan and google dorking (where you use special search syntax to find information) and other surveillance camera search software. professor james der derian, the director of the centre for international security studies at the university of sydney, said the feeds were an invasion of privacy, but people should learn from it. he said this particular case was unique because of its scale. a baby's play-pen inside another sydney property. credit:insecam "the fact is right now we are the most transparent society that has ever existed, and people would still like to believe that they are exercising privacy with bad passwords or not having passwords at all," professor der derian said. "everybody should treat anything thats being taken – a picture, an image, a video – in the default that this is public access, not private access."
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raɪən "ðə mun" həz bɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ nɔɪz ɪn ˈrisənt mənθs. æt ðə bɪg haʊs 6 hi tʊk ˈʤoʊzəf "ˈmæŋgoʊ" mɑrˈkɛz tɪ geɪm 5 ənd ˈfɪnɪʃt naɪnθ ˈoʊvərˌɔl. æt smæʃ ˈsəmɪt 3 hɪz ˈvaɪbrənt ˌpərsəˈnælɪti ʃaɪnd ɔn ðə ˈkɑmənˌtɛri kaʊʧ, ˈgɑrnərɪŋ ˈmɛni fænz ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd. dɪˈspaɪt hɪz ˈsɑləd 2016 pərˈfɔrmənsɪz ənd strɔŋ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˈprɛzəns, ðə mun ɪz ˈnoʊtəbli ˈmɪsɪŋ ə ˈprifɪks ɪn frənt əv hɪz neɪm; hiz teamless*. wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ tɔp mɑrθ pleɪərz, moʊst θɪŋk əv ˈkɛvɪn "ppmd*" ˌɪˈmækjulɪt ˈmuvmənt, ˈʤeɪsən "mew2king*" ˈpənɪʃ geɪm ər ˈkɛvɪn "pewpewu*" tɔɪz ˌkrieɪˈtɪvəti. ðə munz ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr strɛŋθs ər hɑrd tɪ pʊt ɪn ə ˈhaɪˌlaɪt ril; hiz smɑrt ənd əˈdæptɪv tɪ ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz, ˈɔfən ˈgɪvɪŋ əp smɔl ˈfribiz ɛz ɪkˈspɛrəmənts, soʊ ðət hi kən ˌɛkˈsplɔɪt ðiz ˈpætərnz ˈleɪtər. ˈvɛri ˈɔfən, hil luz ðə fərst geɪm əv ə sɛt ənd ðɛn dɪˈmɑlɪʃ hɪz əˈpoʊnənt ɪn ðə nɛkst tu. hɪz geɪm ˈdəzənt hæv ðə moʊst fɪˈnɛs bət hi gɪts wɪnz ˈoʊvər tɔp pleɪərz. ðə mun ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzɪz ðət hɪz ˈræŋkɪŋ ɪz loʊər ðən ˈəðər pleɪərz, bət hi noʊz ðət hi kən gɪv ˈivɪn ðə bɛst ə hɑrd taɪm. ɪn rɪˈgɑrdz tɪ ðə ˈætəˌtud əv ˈəðər tɔp pleɪərz, hi sɛd, "ðeɪ noʊ maɪ ræŋk, bət aɪ noʊ ðeɪ ər skɛrd əv mi. ˈivɪn ɪf aɪ doʊnt wɪn ˈɛvəri taɪm, aɪ meɪk ðɛm wərk ənd ðeɪ noʊ ðeɪ kænt slip ɔn mi ər ðeɪ wɪl peɪ." ɪn 2016 ðə mun dɪˈfitɪd ˈmɛni əv ðə tɔp 15 pleɪərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈwɛstən "westballz*" ˈdɛnɪs ənd ʤoʊi "ˈləki" ɑlˈdɑmə. hi ˈɔlsoʊ hæd ˈmɛni kloʊz sɛts wɪθ ðə tɔp tir, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə kloʊz sɛt əˈgɛnst æt ˈsupər smæʃ kɑn 2016 ðət kʊd hæv gɔn ɪn ðə munz ˈfeɪvər hæd hi nɑt ɪn ə ˈkruʃəl geɪm. hɪz sɛt əˈgɛnst ˈmæŋgoʊ æt ðə bɪg haʊs 6 wɛnt tɪ ðə læst hɪt ɔn ðə ˈfaɪnəl geɪm, ənd hi kʊd hæv wən ɪf ˈɛni ˈlɪtəl θɪŋ wɛnt ˈdɪfərˈɛntli. moʊst ˈrisəntli, hi dɪˈfitɪd ˈzækəri "sfat*" æt smæʃ ˈsəmɪt 3 dɪˈspaɪt ˈluzɪŋ ðə fərst tu geɪmz. ɪn ˈmɛni ˈæˌspɛkts, ðə munz raɪz ɛz ə pleɪər ˈpɛrəˌlɛlz sfat's*. fər ðə ˈlɔŋgɪst taɪm, ˈstrəgəld tɪ kloʊz aʊt ðə ˈfaɪnəl geɪm əv sɛts əˈgɛnst ðə bɛst pleɪərz ˈivɪn wɪn hi ˈstɑrtɪd ðə sɛts strɔŋ. ɪt ˈwəzənt ənˈtɪl ˈrisəntli ðət faʊnd səkˈsɛs ˈoʊvər ðə laɪks əv pleɪərz səʧ ɛz ˈmæŋgoʊ ər hungrybox*. fər ðə mun, ɪt maɪt ˈoʊnli bi ə ˈmætər əv taɪm ˌbiˈfɔr hi siz ˈsɪmələr ˈbreɪkθˌruz əv hɪz oʊn ənd dɪˈfit ðə "gɑdz" əv ˈmeɪˌleɪ. ðə mun tɔks ə lɔt əˈbaʊt ˈoʊvərˌkəmɪŋ ˈbreɪkθˌruz ɪn ðə pæst baɪ məˈtɪkjələsli ˈgraɪndɪŋ tɛkˈniks ənd ˈmuvmənt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪt ðɛm ˈɪntu hɪz ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ. hi roʊz kˈwɪkli ɪn ðə ˈtraɪˈsteɪt ˈriʤən ənd kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ meɪk ə ˈprɛzəns æt ˈmeɪʤərz. hi ˈkrɛdɪts hɪz wərk ˈɛθɪk ɛz ə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈrizən fər hɪz ˈræpɪd ˌɪmˈpruvmənt, wɛˈræz ˈmɛni ˈəðərz feɪl ənd stɑp prəˈgrɛsɪŋ. "əm nɑt əˈfreɪd tɪ feɪl ənd lʊk ˈstupɪd, ənd əm goʊɪŋ tɪ kip traɪɪŋ tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv. əm ˈkɑnfədənt ɪn maɪ ˈprɔˌsɛs ənd ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin mi ənd ðə bɛst ɪz ə ˈmætər əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə fju mɪˈsteɪks. aɪ noʊ ðət aɪ kən kəmˈpit æt ə haɪ ˈlɛvəl ʤɪst laɪk ðə ˈəðər gaɪz," hi sɪz. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə mun ˈfɪnɪʃt naɪnθ æt smæʃ ˈsəmɪt 3 hi kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ kip hɪz hɛd əp. bɪtˈwin ˈkɑmənˌtɛri ʃɪfts, hi meɪd ʃʊr tɪ ˈpræktɪs lɔŋ aʊərz wɪθ ðə ˈəðər tɔp pleɪərz. hi livz ðə smæʃ ˈsəmɪt 3 praʊd əv ðə hɑrd wərk ðət hi pʊt ˈɪntu hɪz ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ, ənd ðə kəmˈjunɪti ɪz ˈigər tɪ si mɔr əv hɪz geɪm pleɪ ənd ˈɔsəm ˌpərsəˈnælɪti. stɪl, hi rɪˈmeɪnz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn hɪz drim əv ˈwɪnɪŋ ə ˈmeɪʤər ðət həz moʊst əv ðə tɔp ˈfɪfti ˈprɛzənt. ˈhoʊpfəli baɪ ðɛn, ðə mun faɪndz ə tim ðət wɪl səˈpɔrt hɪz ɪnˈdɛvərz.
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ryan "the moon" coker-welch has been making noise in recent months. at the big house 6, he took joseph "mango" marquez to game 5 and finished ninth overall. at smash summit 3, his vibrant personality shined on the commentary couch, garnering many fans over the course of the weekend. despite his solid 2016 performances and strong social media presence, the moon is notably missing a prefix in front of his name; he's teamless.
when it comes to top marth players, most think of kevin "ppmd" nanney's immaculate movement, jason "mew2king" zimmerman's punish game or kevin "pewpewu" toy's creativity. the moon's particular strengths are hard to put in a highlight reel; he's smart and adaptive to situations, often giving up small freebies as experiments, so that he can exploit these patterns later. very often, he'll lose the first game of a set and then demolish his opponent in the next two. his game doesn't have the most finesse but he gets wins over top players.
the moon recognizes that his ranking is lower than other players, but he knows that he can give even the best a hard time. in regards to the attitude of other top players, he said, "they know my rank, but i know they are scared of me. even if i don't win every time, i make them work and they know they can't sleep on me or they will pay."
in 2016, the moon defeated many of the top 15 players, including weston "westballz" dennis and joey "lucky" aldama. he also had many close sets with the top tier, including a close five-game set against mew2king at super smash con 2016 that could have gone in the moon's favor had he not suicided in a crucial game. his set against mango at the big house 6 went to the last hit on the final game, and he could have won if any little thing went differently. most recently, he defeated zachary "sfat" cordoni at smash summit 3 despite losing the first two games.
in many aspects, the moon's rise as a player parallels sfat's. for the longest time, sfat struggled to close out the final game of sets against the best players even when he started the sets strong. it wasn't until recently that sfat found success over the likes of players such as mango or hungrybox. for the moon, it might only be a matter of time before he sees similar breakthroughs of his own and defeat the "gods" of melee.
the moon talks a lot about overcoming breakthroughs in the past by meticulously grinding techniques and movement in order to incorporate them into his gameplay. he rose quickly in the tri-state region and continues to make a presence at majors. he credits his work ethic as a primary reason for his rapid improvement, whereas many others fail and stop progressing.
"i'm not afraid to fail and look stupid, and i'm going to keep trying to improve. i'm confident in my process and the difference between me and the best is a matter of making a few mistakes. i know that i can compete at a high level just like the other guys," he says.
although the moon finished ninth at smash summit 3, he continues to keep his head up. between commentary shifts, he made sure to practice long hours with the other top players. he leaves the smash summit 3, proud of the hard work that he put into his gameplay, and the community is eager to see more of his game play and awesome personality. still, he remains focused on his dream of winning a major that has most of the top fifty present.
hopefully by then, the moon finds a team that will support his endeavors.
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əˈbaʊt ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈbeɪtə vɛks ˈstudiˌoʊz ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈstɑrtɪd ɔf ɛz ə smɔl ˈprɑʤɛkt tɪ tɛst aʊt ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈɛnʤənz ənd maɪ ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ skɪlz. aɪ wʊd hæv ˈnɛvər θɔt ðɪs geɪm wʊd goʊ ˈɛniˌwɛr ənˈtɪl naʊ! ɛz aɪ kɛpt ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ðə geɪm ənd ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ playability*, aɪ nu ðɪs geɪm hæd tɪ bi kəmˈplitɪd! kəmˈbaɪnd maɪ ləv fər ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈgeɪmɪŋ ənd wərld wɔr 2 ˈɪntəˌrɛst tɪ meɪk ðɪs ˈrɛtroʊ staɪl ˈpiˈsi geɪm! kriˈeɪt ənd ˈkəstəˌmaɪz jʊr ˈvɛri oʊn ənd stɑrt jʊr ˈʤərni θru ðə əv ðə ˈsɛkənd wərld wɔr! ju wɪl hæv tɪ faɪt jʊr weɪ θru ðə ˈɛnəmi ˈstrɔŋˌhoʊldz ,kəmˈplit ˈmɛni ˈpəzəlz ənd faɪnd lɑts əv ˈsikrɪt ˈaɪtəmz ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ə ˈvɪktəri fər ðə ˈælaɪz! ju wɪl hæv ðə ʧæns tɪ pleɪ ɛz kəˈneɪdiənz, əˈmɛrɪkənz, ˈbrɪtɪʃ ənd frɛnʧ ˈdʊrɪŋ jʊr fərst pleɪ θru ənd ðɛn ɛz ðə ˈʤərmənz, ˌɪˈtæljənz ˈrəʃənz ənd ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsɛkənd pleɪ θru! ðə geɪm ˈhɛvəli riˈvɑlvz əraʊnd ðə ˈnɔrməndi biʧ ˈlændɪŋ. ðɪs ˈɪmɪʤ hir ɪz wən əv ðə boʊts sin ɪn ðə geɪm, pleɪərz wɪl kənˈtroʊl ɪt ɔn ðɛr weɪ tɪ ðə ˈʃɔˌrlaɪn. aɪ meɪd ðə geɪm wɪθ ðə ˈrɛtroʊ ɑrˈkeɪd staɪl lʊk ɪn maɪnd. aɪ ləv pleɪɪŋ oʊld ˈklæsɪks ənd ləv ðə lʊk əv ðɛm. ˌɔlˈðoʊ aɪ faɪnd ðət ðeɪ gɪt tu rɪˈpɛtɪtɪv ənd ˈbɔrɪŋ fæst soʊ wɪθ ˈpɪksəl wɔrz, mɔr ˈsɛkʃənz əv ðə ˈstɔri laɪn wɪl bi ˈædɪd wɪθ ˈɛvəri ˈəpˌdeɪt. ˈərli ˈsteɪʤɪz əv ðə geɪm ðɪs wɑz ðə ˈloʊdɪŋ skrin əv ðə geɪm frəm ə jɪr əˈgoʊ. əˈbaʊt ə jɪr əˈgoʊ ɪz wɪn "ˈpɪksəl wɔrz" ˈstɑrtɪd ɪts dɪˈvɛləpmənt. wɪn ðə geɪm fərst ˈstɑrtɪd aʊt ðə neɪm wɑz "ˈseɪvɪŋ ˈpraɪvət smɪθ". sɪns ðɛn ðə ˈloʊdɪŋ skrin ənd neɪm həz bɪn ʧeɪnʤd, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪts stɪl nis tɪ si wɛr ðə geɪm ɔl ˈstɑrtɪd frəm wəns ənd ə waɪl. haʊ dɪz ðə geɪm wərk? geɪm ɪn ɪts ˈkɑrənt fɔrm ɪz ə ˈpiˈsi geɪm. ˈðɛrˌfɔr ɪt wɪl juz ðə ˈɛroʊ kiz fər ðə ˈkɛrɪktər tɪ muv (ðɪs kən bi ɪn ðə geɪmz kənˈtroʊl ˈɔpʃənz). ˈplætˌfɔrmz: ðɪs ɪz ə ˈpiˈsi geɪm. soʊ fɑr ðə geɪm rənz sˈmuðli ɔn 32 bɪt ənd 64 bɪt ˈlæpˌtɑps ənd rən sˈmuðli ɔn moʊst ˈpiˈsiz. ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər aɪ hoʊp fər ðɪs geɪm tɪ bi əˈveɪləbəl ɔn ˈmoʊbəl dɪˈvaɪsɪz ɛz wɛl. staɪl: moʊst əv ðə geɪm soʊ fɑr kənˈsɪsts əv saɪd ənd ˈvərtɪkəl laɪk ə ˈzɛldə geɪm. ənd ˈəðər ˈgeɪmɪŋ staɪlz kən bi sin ɪn ˈsərtən ˈmɪni geɪmz. ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl ðə geɪm wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈklud ə ˈfiʧər ðət moʊst ˈrɛtroʊ staɪl geɪmz læk, ə ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈsɛkʃən. ɪn ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ju wɪl hæv ðə ʧɔɪs tɪ ˈiðər pleɪ iʧ ˈlɛvəl ɔn jʊr oʊn ər wɪθ frɛndz. ɪf ju pleɪ wɪθ frɛndz ju kən pleɪ ɔn ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl! ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl wɪl ˌɪnˈklud ɪkˈsklusɪv geɪmz ənd ˈmɪʃənz. hir ju kən kriˈeɪt ju ˈvɛri oʊn bəˈtæljən wɪθ jʊr frɛndz ənd pleɪ əˈgɛnst pleɪərz frəm ɔl əraʊnd ðə wərld! ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl wɪθ ˌɪnˈklud ənd ə pleɪər ˈræŋkɪŋ ˈsɪstəm fər pleɪərz tɪ ʃoʊ ɔf ðɛr ˈlɛvəl ənd ˈmɛdəlz. ðə mɔr ju pleɪ ðə mɔr ju wɪl ˈlɛvəl əp jʊr ˈɔnˌlaɪn pleɪər. ɛz ju ˈlɛvəl əp ju wɪl ənˈlɑk nu əˈbɪləˌtiz ənd mæp loʊˈkeɪʃənz əˈlɔŋ wɪθ biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ baɪ nu ˈaɪtəmz ənd ˈwɛpənz ðət wərənt əˈveɪləbəl ˈpriviəsli. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ˈlɛvəlɪŋ əp ju wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ərn ˈsərtən ˈmɛdəlz ənd rɪˈwɔrdz ˈoʊnli əˈveɪləbəl ˈviə ˈsərtən əˈʧivmənts ənd ˈkɑnˌtrækts. səm əv ðə əˈkɑmplɪʃmənts wɪl hæv tɪ bi riʧt ɪn ðə meɪn geɪm waɪl ˈəðərz kən ˈoʊnli bi riʧt ɪn ðə ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl. ju wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ərn ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl ˈkərənsi noʊn ɛz "goʊld". ðɪs kən bi juzd tɪ baɪ nu ˈaɪtəmz ənd ˈwɛpənz ðət kən bi juzd ɪn ðə meɪn geɪm ənd ɪn ðə ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl kəmˈjunɪti. ˈpɪksəl wɔrz mæp ˈɛdɪtər ɛz pleɪərz gɪt bɔrd, ðeɪ wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ kriˈeɪt ðɛr oʊn ˈlɛvəlz tɪ pleɪ ɪn. ðeɪ wɪl hæv ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˈpɪksəl wɔrz mæp ˈɛdɪtər wɪʧ wɪl əˈlaʊ ðə pleɪər tɪ ˈkəstəˌmaɪz ðɛr oʊn mæps. ðə pleɪər wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ dræg ənd drɔp ˈɛnəmiz, ˈɑbstəkəlz, paʊər əps ənd ˈmɛni mɔr θɪŋz ˈɪntu ðɛr ˈkəstəm mæp. ðeɪ wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʧuz ðə təreɪn əv ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈəðər ˈsərtən baɪoʊm laɪk ˈrɪvərz ənd ˈrɑki ˈlænˌskeɪps. ðɪs wɪl əˈlaʊ pleɪərz tɪ meɪk ˈlɛvəlz ðə weɪ ðeɪ wɔnt! ənd ju kən seɪv jʊr ˈkəstəm mæps ənd poʊst ðɛm tɪ ðə ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl ˈsɛkʃən fər ˈəðər pleɪərz tɪ si ənd pleɪ. ˈwɔtər maɪnz kən bi pleɪst ɛz ən ˈɑbstəkəl ɪn ðə ˈwɔtər ˈpɔrʃənz əv jʊr ˈkəstəm mæps. ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ˈɛntrənsəz tɪ ˈəndərˌgraʊnd ˈɛriəz ɪn ðə mæp ˈɛdɪtɪŋ ˈsɛkʃən. ju kən liv noʊts ənd ˈmɛsɪʤɪz fər pleɪər tɪ ər ˈfɑloʊ ɪn geɪm ɛz ən ˈædɪd ˈfiʧər. wɛr wɪl jʊr ˈməni bi goʊɪŋ? ɛz ðə geɪm stænd naʊ, ə ˈprɪti gʊd ˈaʊˌtlaɪn əv ðə geɪm ɪz kəmˈplitɪd. wɪθ jʊr fəndz aɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈfərðər ðə geɪmz ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt səʧ ɛz: ˈæˌlaɪd tæŋk "wɔr məˈʃin" fər ˈpipəl hu ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd ˈviə ɪf ðə geɪm ɪz kəmˈplitɪd. 5 ˈdɪfərənt ˈkələr əˈveɪləbəl) ðə 1000 ˈdɔlər goʊl wɪl hɛlp peɪ fər ðiz θɪŋz. wi noʊ ɪts goʊɪŋ tɪ teɪk mɔr fəndz tɪ kəmˈplitli peɪ fər ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɔn ðɪs lɪst bət ðə ˈməni wi meɪk frəm ðɪs ˈprɑʤɛkt wɪl hɛlp ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ənd wi wɪl peɪ fər ðə rɛst wɪθ ˈəðər minz əv θæŋk ju fər jʊr doʊˈneɪʃənz! ˈhaɪrɪŋ ˈəðər ˈproʊˌgræmərz tɪ hɛlp kˈwɪkən ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. peɪ fər mi tɪ lɪv soʊ aɪ kən ˈɔlsoʊ wərk ɔn ðə geɪm. baɪ ˈsərtən ˈsɔfˌwɛr ənd ˈhɑrdˌwɛr tɪ kip ðə geɪm ˈlʊkɪŋ ənd ˈrənɪŋ sˈmuðli. hɛlp peɪ fər ˈsərvərz ɛz ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl goʊz lɪv. hɛlp mi peɪ fər ðə ˈkɑpiˌraɪts tɪ ˈsərtən θɪŋz. hɛlp peɪ fər ðə geɪmz ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt. hɛlp ˈmoʊtəˌveɪt mi tɪ meɪk ðə bɛst geɪm aɪ kən fər ɔl ðə ˈpipəl ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ pleɪ ðɪs geɪm! ɪf ɪˈnəf ˈməni ɪz reɪzd aɪ wɪl riˈlis ə ˈbeɪtə aʊt fər fri ənd wəns ðə fʊl geɪm ɪz ˈfɪnɪʃt ðə geɪm wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl fər ˈpərʧəs. fər ðoʊz hu ˈdoʊˌneɪt, ju wɪl rɪˈliv ðə geɪm ə ˈlɪtəl ˈərli wɪθ ðə pərks ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ wɪθ ðə əˈmaʊnt ju ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd. ðə fˈjuʧər əv ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ɛz ðə geɪm gɪts ˈfərðər dɪˈvɛləpt ˈmɛni ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ənd əˈdɪʃənz wɪl əraɪz. səm əv ðiz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ənd əˈdɪʃənz wɪl ˌɪnˈklud: ˈbætəlz frəm wərld wɔr 1 ˈbætəlz frəm ɔl θruaʊt ˈhɪstəri (ˈeɪnʧənt ˈiʤɪpt ənd roʊm fər ɪgˈzæmpəl). nu loʊˈkeɪʃənz ˈaɪtəmz ənd ˈwɛpənz. ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ə ˈmoʊbəl geɪm! ˈbaʊnsɪŋ ˈbɛti lænd maɪn haʊ kən ðə kəmˈjunɪti hɛlp? ðə kəmˈjunɪti wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ sɛnd mi ðɛr ˈvɛri oʊn ðət wər meɪd ɪn mɪz peɪnt. aɪ meɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ juz ðoʊz ɪn geɪm, wɪʧ wɪl seɪv mi ə lɔt əv taɪm ɪn kriˈeɪtɪŋ ˈpɪksəl ɑrt. ðiz kən kəm ɪn ˈmɛni fɔrmz, səʧ ɛz ˈmuvɪŋ ˈwɛpən skɪnz ˈɑbstəkəlz ənd məʧ mɔr. fər ˈɛniˌwən hu sɛndz mi ə spraɪt ðət meɪks ɪt ˈɪntu ðə geɪm, wɪl ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli bi ˈgɪvɪn brɑnz ˈpækɪʤ ˈstætəs! kəmˈjunɪti ˈfɔrəmz waɪl ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ɪz ɪn dɪˈvɛləpmənt, ə ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl ˈfɔrəm wɪl bi ˈpoʊstɪd fər ˈjuzərz tɪ tɔk əˈməŋ wən əˈnəðər əˈbaʊt ðə geɪm. ðə ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl ˈfɔrəm wɪl bi wɛr aɪ poʊst ˈɛni nu ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ðə geɪmz dɪˈvɛləpmənt. kloʊz tɪ ðə geɪmz riˈlis aɪ wɪl bi ˈpoʊstɪŋ ɪkˈsklusɪv tɪ ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl ˈfɔrəm ˈjuzərz ˈoʊnli. ˈkəstəm ˈtɑmsən fər ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl ˈfɔrəm ˈmɛmbərz. ˈkəstəm ˈlugər ˈpɪstəl fər ˈpɪksəl wɔrz ˈgloʊbəl ˈfɔrəm ˈmɛmbərz.
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about
pixel wars beta
vex studios
pixel wars started off as a small project to test out gaming engines and my programming skills. i would have never thought this game would go anywhere until now! as i kept working on the game and improving playability, i knew this game had to be completed! ive combined my love for online gaming and world war 2 interest to make this retro style pc game!
create and customize your very own solider and start your journey through the pix-elated recreations of the second world war! you will have to fight your way through the enemy strongholds ,complete many puzzles and find lots of secret items in order to ensure a victory for the allies! you will have the chance to play as canadians, americans, british and french during your first play through and then as the germans, italians , russians and japanese during the second play through!
the game heavily revolves around d-day,with the normandy beach landing. this image here is one of the higgin boats seen in the game, players will control it on there way to the shoreline.
i made the game with the retro arcade style look in mind. i love playing old classics and love the look of them. although i find that they get too repetitive and boring fast so with pixel wars, more sections of the story line will be added with every update.
early stages of the game
this was the loading screen of the game from a year ago.
about a year ago is when "pixel wars" started it's development. when the game first started out the name was "saving private smith". since then the loading screen and name has been changed, although its still nice to see where the game all started from once and a while.
how does the game work?
controls:the game in its current form is a pc game. therefore it will use the arrow keys for the character to move . (this can be customizable in the game's control options).
platforms: this is a pc game. so far the game runs smoothly on 32 bit and 64 bit laptops and run smoothly on most pc's. in the future i hope for this game to be available on mobile devices as well.
style: most of the game so far consists of side scrolling and vertical scrolling like a zelda game. 2d platforming and other gaming styles can be seen in certain mini games.
pixel wars global
the game will also include a feature that most retro style games lack, a online gaming section. in pixel wars , you will have the choice to either play each level on your own or with friends. if you play with friends you can play on pixel wars global! pixel wars global will include exclusive games and missions. here you can create you very own battalion with your friends and play against players from all around the world! pixel wars global with include leader-boards and a player ranking system for players to show off there level and medals.
the more you play the more you will level up your online player. as you level up you will unlock new abilities and map locations along with being able to buy new items and weapons that weren't available previously.
in addition to leveling up you will also be able to earn certain medals and rewards only available via certain achievements and contracts. some of the accomplishments will have to be reached in the main game , while others can only be reached in the pixel wars global.
you will also earn pixel wars global currency known as "gold". this can be used to buy new items and weapons that can be used in the main game and in the pixel wars global community.
pixel wars map editor
as players get bored, they will be able to create their own levels to play in. they will have access to the pixel wars map editor which will allow the player to customize their own maps.
the player will be able to drag and drop enemies, obstacles, power ups and many more things into their custom map. they will be able to choose the terrain of the location as well as other certain biome customizations like rivers and rocky landscapes.
this will allow players to make levels the way they want! and you can save your custom maps and post them to the pixel wars global section for other players to see and play.
water mines can be placed as an obstacle in the water portions of your custom maps.
example of placable entrances to underground areas in the map editing section.
you can leave notes and messages for player to find,collect or follow in game as an added feature.
where will your money be going?
as the game stand now, a pretty good outline of the game is completed. with your funds i'll be able to further the games the development such as:
allied tank "war machine" availble for people who donated via kickstarter if the game is completed. (5 different colour combos available)
*** the $1000 dollar goal will help pay for these things. we know its going to take more funds to completely pay for everything on this list but the money we make from this project will help a little bit and we will pay for the rest with other means of funding***
- thank you for your donations!
hiring other programmers to help quicken the process.
pay for me to live so i can also work on the game.
buy certain software and hardware to keep the game looking and running smoothly.
help pay for servers as pixel wars global goes live.
help me pay for the copyrights to certain things.
help pay for the games advertisement.
help motivate me to make the best game i can for all the people looking forward to play this game!
if enough money is raised i will release a beta out for free and once the full game is finished the game will be available for purchase.
for those who donate, you will relieve the game a little early with the perks corresponding with the amount you donated.
the future of pixel wars
as the game gets further developed , many changes and additions will arise. some of these changes and additions will include:
battles from world war 1.
battles from all throughout history (ancient egypt and rome for example).
new locations , items and weapons. making pixel wars a mobile game!
bouncing betty land mine
how can the community help?
the community will be able to send me there very own sprites that were made in ms paint. i may be able to use those sprites in game, which will save me a lot of time in creating pixel art. these sprites can come in many forms, such as moving gif's , weapon skins , obstacles and much more. for anyone who sends me a sprite that makes it into the game, will automatically be given bronze package status!
community forums
while pixel wars is in development, a pixel wars global forum will be posted for users to talk among one another about the game. the pixel wars global forum will be where i post any new information about the games development. close to the games release i will be posting downloadable add-ons exclusive to pixel wars global forum users only.
custom m1a1 thompson playercard availble for pixel wars global forum members.
custom waffen ss luger pistol playercard availble for pixel wars global forum members.
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merazuddin’s* ədˈmɪt kɑrd. sɔrs: ɪn ʤun ðɪs jɪr, moʊˈhæmɪd kʊd hæv bɪn ə məˈkænɪkəl ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr. ˌɪnˈstɛd, θri mənθs ˈæftər hi wɑz dɪˈteɪnd ˈbrifli baɪ ðə ˈdɛli pəˈlis fər əˈlɛʤd lɪŋks wɪθ ðə ˈɪndiən ˌmuʤəhɛˈdin (ɪm), ðə ɪz æt, kət ɔf ɪnˈtaɪərli frəm ðə wərld əv saɪəns ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi ðət hi hæd ˈʧoʊzən fər hɪmˈsɛlf. ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ səˈspɛndɪd baɪ hɪz ˈkɑlɪʤ, ˈgloʊbəl ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv tɛkˈnɑləʤi (git*), ˈæftər hɪz dɪˈtɛnʃən,, ər ˈmɛrɑz, həz nɑt bɪn əˈlaʊd bæk, sɪz hɪz ˈfæməli. hæv ˈteɪkən əˈweɪ hɪz foʊn, ənd sɛnt ɪm tɪ ðə ɪn ˈdɛli. hi ɪz ˈlɪvɪŋ ðɛr wɪθ ðə ənd ˈlərnɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə wərk əv ˈprɑfəts. ɪt ɪz fər hɪz ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl ˌrɛfərˈmeɪʃən. ˈriʧɪŋ aʊt tɪ ˈməzlɪmz, ˈpriʧɪŋ tɪ ðɛm, wɪl brɪŋ ɪm ˈkloʊzər tɪ islam,”*,” ˈfɑðər, moʊˈhæmɪd, ə treɪn ˈdraɪvər, sɛd. ˈmɛrɑz, ə fɔrθ jɪr ˈstudənt, wɑz pɪkt əp ˈərli ɔn mɑrʧ 23 baɪ ðə ˈdɛli pəˈlis frəm ə haʊs ɪn ðət hi ʃɛrd wɪθ əˈlɛʤd ɪm ˈɑpərətɪv əˈzɑr, ə ˈfɛloʊ məˈkænɪkəl ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ˈstudənt əˈkjuzd əv ˈplɑtɪŋ ə ˈtɛrər əˈtæk ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə lɑk ɪˈlɛkʃənz. ˈmɛrɑz wɑz əˈlɛʤd tɪ hæv lɛnt hɪz ˈlæpˌtɑp tɪ. ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈdɛli pəˈlis riˈlist ˈmɛrɑz wɪˈθɪn 18 aʊərz, ˈhændɪŋ ɪm ˈoʊvər tɪ hɪz ˈfɑðər ˈæftər kəmˈplitɪŋ ə fju fɔrˈmælətiz ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl. bət ˈkɑlɪʤ səˈspɛndɪd ɪm, ˈsaɪtɪŋ ˈmidiə rɪˈpɔrts. sɪz, wət ˈmɛrɑz wɛnt θru, hɪz ˈkɑlɪʤ, hɪz frɛndz, ˈrɛlətɪvz, ˈɛvriˌwən əˈbændənd ɪm. ðeɪ ɔl æst kˈwɛsʧənz ðət meɪd ɪm uncomfortable.”*.” ɪn ðə ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz, sɛd, ðə bɛst aɪ kʊd hæv dən fər him”*”. goʊ tɪ ˈdɛli wəns ɪn ə waɪl tɪ mit ɪm, ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˈmɛrɑz ɪz nɑt ɪn təʧ wɪθ ˈɛni əv hɪz ˈbrəðərz ər frɛndz here.”*.” sɛd hi roʊt tɪ ðə əˈθɔrətiz twaɪs ɔn ˈeɪprəl 3 ənd ˈeɪprəl 24 ənd wɛnt tɪ mit ðə ˈrɛʤɪˌstrɑr ənd ðə dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈɪnstɪˌtut, bət ðeɪ wər ənˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ hæv hɪz sən bæk. ˈsɔrsəz sɛd ðə ˈdɛli pəˈlis ˈspɛʃəl sɛl tu hæd rɪkˈwɛstɪd tɪ teɪk ˈmɛrɑz bæk. ðeɪ hæd ˈsəmənd ðə ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈrɛʤɪˌstrɑr, kuˈmɑr, wɪθ ˈrɛkərdz ənd sərˈtɪfɪkəts ənd, ˈæftər ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ hɪz krəˈdɛnʃəlz, ˈkɑndəkt ənd ˈrɛkərd əv əˈtɛndəns, rɪˈpɔrtədli æst ðə ˈrɛʤɪˌstrɑr tɪ ɪm. ə pɑrt əv ɑr ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən, wi ɪgˈzæmənd ðə ˈrɛkərdz ənd toʊld ðə ˈrɛʤɪˌstrɑr ðət ɛz ˈmɛrɑz hæd noʊ kəˈnɛkʃən wɪθ ðə keɪs, hi ʃʊd bi əˈlaʊd tɪ raɪt ðə ɪgˈzæm ənd kəmˈplit hɪz dɪˈgri. wi toʊld ɪm ðət ˈmɛrɑz wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛrəˌgeɪtɪd ənd lɛt ɔf ˈoʊnli ˈæftər wi wər ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd əv hɪz innocence,”*,” ə ˈdɛli pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsər sɛd. bhardwaj*, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, sɛd ðə steɪt pəˈlis kʊd jɛt kˈwɛʃən ˈmɛrɑz. hæv ˈniðər ˈgɪvɪn ɪm ə klin ʧɪt nɔr ər wi seɪɪŋ hi kʊd bi ˈgɪlti. wi hæv nɑt ˌɪnˈtɛrəˌgeɪtɪd ɪm jɛt bət æt səm pɔɪnt ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər maɪt nid tɪ tɔk tɪ him,”*,” hi toʊld ðə ˈɪndiən ɪkˈsprɛs. sɛd ðə ˈkɑlɪʤ hæd rɪfˈjuzd tɪ ˈlɪsən tɪ ðə pliz. toʊld mi hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ˈrɛzəˌmeɪ hɪz ˈstədiz ənd pərˈsu ən ɛm. tɛk dɪˈgri. hi roʊt tɪ ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti tu, ˈæskɪŋ ðət hi bi ˌriɪnˈsteɪtɪd ɛz noʊ ˈɛvədəns hæd bɪn faʊnd əˈgɛnst ɪm, bət noʊ wən ˌɛnərˈteɪnd hɪz ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən. ðɛn aɪ wɛnt tɪ ðə əˈθɔrətiz wɪθ əˈnəðər ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ əˈtæʧt nuz ˈklɪpɪŋz əˈbaʊt ˈɪnəsəns, bət ðeɪ rɪfˈjuzd tɪ teɪk maɪ ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən. aɪ hæd tɪ sɛnd ɪt baɪ poʊst. ɔn ˈeɪprəl 29 ə rɪˈplaɪ keɪm frəm ðə ˈkɑlɪʤ seɪɪŋ ðeɪ hæd ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ˈtɛknɪkəl ˌjunəˈvərsəti əˈbaʊt ðə ˈmætər ənd ðət wi ʃʊd weɪt fər ə rɪˈplaɪ frəm ðɛm. aɪ æm stɪl waiting.”*.” dɪˈrɛktər prof*. ˈʤoʊʃi, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, sɛd ðeɪ hæd ˈnɛvər stɑpt ˈmɛrɑz frəm əˈpɪrɪŋ fər hɪz ɪgˈzæm. toʊld ˈmɪstər tɪ kəm ənd fɪl ɪn ðə fɔrmz rikˈwaɪərd fər ðə ədˈmɪt kɑrd, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ æst ɪm tɪ spik tɪ ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əˈθɔrətiz, bət hi ˈnɛvər tərnd əp. ɪn fækt, wi ˈivɪn ðə ˈstudənts ɪn ɑr ˈkɑlɪʤ, ˈæskɪŋ ðɛm tɪ bɪˈheɪv ˈnɔrməli wɪθ ˈmɛrɑz wəns hi returned.”*.” ˈrɛʤɪˌstrɑr tu ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd ðə ˈkɑlɪʤ hæd nɑt stɑpt ˈmɛrɑz frəm riˈʤɔɪnɪŋ. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, səˈspɛnʃən wɑz ˈnɛvər rɪˈvoʊkt. sɛd hi wʊd goʊ bæk tɪ ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər, wɪn fɔrmz ər ˈɪʃud fər ˈstudənts hu dən wɛl tɪ teɪk ðə ˈfaɪnəl jɪr ɪgˈzæmz əˈgɛn. wɪl rɪkˈwɛst ðɛm tɪ lɛt ɪm əˈpɪr ənd ˈfɪnɪʃ hɪz dɪˈgri, ɛls wi wɪl hæv tɪ haɪər ə ˈlɔjər. maɪ sən ɪz ˈvɛri gʊd ɪn ˈstədiz ənd əˈspaɪərz tɪ bi ən ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr. hi skɔrd ˈoʊvər 80 pər sɛnt ɪn hɪz klæs ɪgˈzæm, ənd klɪrd hɪz fərst θri jɪrz æt ðə ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ˈkɑlɪʤ wɪθ dɪˈstɪŋkʃən. aɪ lɛt hɪz drimz kræʃ ʤɪst bɪˈkəz hi wɑz pɪkt əp baɪ ðə pəˈlis ɔn mɪr suspicion.”*.” ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, kənˈsidɪd ɪt wɑz ənˈlaɪkli ðət ˈmɛrɑz wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ raɪt ðə ɪgˈzæm. dɪd nɑt əˈtɛnd ˈivɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl klæs əv ðə ˈfaɪnəl səˈmɛstər (ðət bɪˈgæn ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri) ənd wɪl nɑt bi əˈlaʊd tɪ sɪt fər ðə ɪgˈzæm ɛz 75 pər sɛnt əˈtɛndəns ɪz kəmˈpəlsəri. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hi kən ˈɔlˌweɪz gɪv ən ˈəndərˌteɪkɪŋ ənd gɪt ɪt əˈpruvd frəm ðə university,”*,” ðə ˈrɛʤɪˌstrɑr sɛd.
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merazuddin’s admit card. source: tashi tobgyal
in june this year, mohammed merazuddin could have been a mechanical engineer. instead, three months after he was detained briefly by the delhi police for alleged links with the indian mujahideen (im), the 22-year-old is at delhi’s tablighi jamaat, cut off entirely from the world of science and technology that he had chosen for himself.
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suspended by his college, jaipur’s global institute of technology (git), after his detention, merazuddin, or meraz, has not been allowed back, says his family.
“i have taken away his phone, and sent him to the tablighi jamaat in delhi. he is living there with the maulvis and learning about the work of prophets. it is for his spiritual reformation. reaching out to muslims, preaching to them, will bring him closer to islam,” meraz’s father, mohammed niazuddin, a train driver, said.
meraz, a fourth year b.tech student, was picked up early on march 23 by the delhi police from a house in jaipur that he shared with alleged im operative waqar azhar, a fellow mechanical engineering student accused of plotting a terror attack during the lok sabha elections. meraz was alleged to have lent his laptop to waqar.
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however, the delhi police released meraz within 18 hours, handing him over to his father after completing a few formalities in the capital.
but meraz’s college suspended him, citing media reports. says niazuddin, “after what meraz went through, his college, his friends, relatives, everyone abandoned him. they all asked questions that made him uncomfortable.”
in the circumstances, niazuddin said, tablighi jamaat “was the best i could have done for him”. “i go to delhi once in a while to meet him, otherwise meraz is not in touch with any of his brothers or friends here.”
niazuddin said he wrote to the git authorities twice — on april 3 and april 24 — and went to meet the registrar and the director of the institute, but they were unwilling to have his son back.
sources said the delhi police special cell too had requested git to take meraz back. they had summoned the college registrar, surendra kumar pokharna, with meraz’s records and certificates and, after examining his credentials, conduct and record of attendance, reportedly asked the registrar to re-admit him.
“as a part of our investigation, we examined the records and told the registrar that as meraz had no connection with the case, he should be allowed to write the exam and complete his degree. we told him that meraz was interrogated and let off only after we were satisfied of his innocence,” a delhi police officer said.
rajasthan dgp omendra bhardwaj, however, said the state police could yet question meraz. “we have neither given him a clean chit nor are we saying he could be guilty. we have not interrogated him yet but at some point in the future might need to talk to him,” he told the indian express.
niazuddin said the college had refused to listen to the family’s pleas.
“meraz told me he wanted to resume his studies and pursue an m. tech degree. he wrote to the university too, asking that he be reinstated as no evidence had been found against him, but no one entertained his application. then i went to the authorities with another application, and also attached news clippings about meraz’s innocence, but they refused to take my application. i had to send it by post. on april 29, a reply came from the college saying they had informed rajasthan technical university about the matter and that we should wait for a reply from them. i am still waiting.”
git director prof. renu joshi, however, said they had never stopped meraz from appearing for his exam. “i told mr niazuddin to come and fill in the forms required for the admit card, and also asked him to speak to the university authorities, but he never turned up. in fact, we even sensitised the students in our college, asking them to behave normally with meraz once he returned.”
registrar pokharna too insisted the college had not stopped meraz from rejoining. however, meraz’s suspension was never revoked.
niazuddin said he would go back to git in october, when forms are issued for students who haven’t done well to take the final year exams again. “i will request them to let him appear and finish his degree, else we will have to hire a lawyer. my son is very good in studies and aspires to be an engineer. he scored over 80 per cent in his class xii exam, and cleared his first three years at the engineering college with distinction. i can’t let his dreams crash just because he was picked up by the police on mere suspicion.”
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pokharna, however, conceded it was unlikely that meraz would be able to write the exam. “he did not attend even a single class of the final semester (that began in january) and will not be allowed to sit for the exam as 75 per cent attendance is compulsory. however, he can always give an undertaking and get it approved from the university,” the registrar said.
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ɪts ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk, ˈstupɪd ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈlænˌskeɪp kəˈneɪdiən ˈstɑrˌtəp ˈrisərʧ ɪn ˈmoʊʃən feɪst æt ðə teɪl ɛnd əv ðə məˈlɛniəm. ɪt simd klɪr ðət "steɪɪŋ kəˈnɛktɪd ɔn ðə roʊd" wɑz ðə nɛkst bɪg θɪŋ iˈmeɪl hæd ˈfaɪnəli ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ bɪˈkəm ə ˈstændərd ɪn ˈkɔrpərət kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən, ˈæftər ɔl bət ðə ˈroʊdˌblɑks wər ˈmɛni ənd ˌfɔrˈmɪdəbəl. "ˈɔlˌweɪz ɔn" ˈsɛljələr tɛkˈnɑləʤiz laɪk ənd wərənt jɛt ˈrɛdəli əˈveɪləbəl, ənd ˈdætə ˈrənɪŋ ˈoʊvər pərˈveɪsɪv ənd ˈnɛtˌwərks wɑz ˈpeɪnfəli sloʊ ənd ɪkˈspɛnsɪv nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ə dɛθ wɪʃ fər ˈbætəri laɪf. ˌmænjəˈfækʧərərz ənd ˈsərvɪs prəˈvaɪdərz tʊk ə əˈproʊʧ tɪ ˈoʊvərˌkəmɪŋ ðə ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz: wən, kip ˈdætə kənˈsəmʃən ˈmɑdəst; ənd tu, ˈbaɪˌpæs ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈsɛlfoʊn ˈnɛtˌwərks ˌɔltəˈgɛðər. ˈtuˌweɪ ˈpeɪʤɪŋ ˈnɛtˌwərks laɪk ˈriflɛks ˈdɪdənt hæv ðə ˈbændwɪdθ tɪ ˈhændəl ðə ˈdætə dɪˈmændz əv ə leɪt wɪθ ə bɪg dɪˈspleɪ, bət ənd ˈnɛtˌwərks ˈrənɪŋ æt ə ˈblɪstərɪŋ ənd 8kbps*, rɪˈspɛktɪvli wər ɔˈrɛdi ˈwaɪdli dɪˈplɔɪd əˈkrɔs nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. ˈniðər tɛkˈnɑləʤi hæd bɪn kənˈsivd wɪθ kənˈsumər juz ɪn maɪnd, bət ðeɪ wər roʊˈbəst, ˈpruvən, ənd moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, əˈveɪləbəl. pɑm teɪks ə lip əv feɪθ ənd fɔlz flæt ˈraɪdɪŋ ə weɪv əv kəˈmərʃəl səkˈsɛsɪz, pɑm sɔ ðə ˈraɪtɪŋ ɔn ðə wɔl ənd plənʤd ˈɪntu ðə kəˈnɛktɪd ˈmɑrkɪt wɪθ ɪts pɑm, wɪʧ juzd ə ˈsərvɪs kɔld tɪ ˈɔfər ʧəŋks əv ˈrɛləvənt ˈdætə nuz ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz, ˈwɛðər, iˈmeɪl, flaɪt taɪmz, ənd ðə laɪk ɔn ə dɪˈvaɪs ðət rɪˈzɛmbəld ən ˌoʊvərˈgroʊn pɑm wɪθ ə ænˈtɛnə. ðə ˈprɑdəkt wɑz ˈtrəbəld frəm ðə stɑrt. ðoʊ ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈmənθli ˈpraɪsɪŋ ˈwəzənt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ən ˈɪʃu fər ðə ˈtərgət ˈɔdiəns, ðə dɪˈvaɪs rɪˈlaɪd ɔn prəˈpraɪəˌtɛri "wɛb ˈklɪpɪŋz" frəm ˈkɑntɛnt prəˈvaɪdərz tɪ rɪˈdus ˈdætə kənˈsəmʃən; ɪf jʊr ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ˈdɪdənt wərk wɪθ pɑm tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ə wɛb ˈklɪpɪŋ æp, ju wər stək ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈʃɑdi ˈbraʊzər. wəts mɔr, dɪˈspaɪt ɪts ˈwɑpɪŋ 599 ˈstɪkər praɪs, ɪt feɪld tɪ ˈbɑˌroʊ frəm ðə haɪɛnd pɑm viz ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri ˌɪnˈdəstriəl dɪˈzaɪn. pɑm ˈhɑbəld əˈlɔŋ wɪθ tu mɔr ˈmɑdəlz, ðə ənd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈtəŋstən ˈdəbəlju əˈlɔŋ wɪθ əbˈteɪnd θru ɪts ˌækwəˈzɪʃən əv ˌoʊvərˈʃædoʊd ðə ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd ˈnɛtˌwərk ənd dumd ɪt tɪ ˈkloʊʒər ɪn 2004 ðə ˈɑrənt raɪp jɛt ɪn ˈwɔtərˌlu pɑm, əv kɔrs, ˈdɪdənt nid ðə pɑm tɪ səkˈsid. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wʊd goʊ ɔn tɪ si ˈplɛnti əv səkˈsɛs frəm ɪts trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈbɪznɪs ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli, ˈɛniˌweɪ ðə ɪt wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ æd tɪ ðə laɪn θru ɪts ˌækwəˈzɪʃən əv. ˈminˌwaɪl, ðə, ˈmɑrkɪt wɑz stɪl ˈweɪtɪŋ tɪ bi wən, ənd rɪm wɑz ˈpərfəktli pəˈzɪʃənd tɪ teɪk ðə praɪz. ɪt hæd bɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈmɑʤulz fər ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈsɪstəmz fər ˈmɛni jɪrz, ənd ɪn 1995 hæd ˌɪntrəˈdust ɪts ˈpeɪʤər 900 ə ˈfɛrli ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri ˈprɑdəkt ðət ˈprɑməst ˈtuˌweɪ iˈmeɪl kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən frəm ə dɪˈvaɪs smɔl ɪˈnəf tɪ fɪt ɔn ə bɛlt ˈhoʊlstər. ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi wɑz ðɛr rɪm ˈmɪrli hæd tɪ weɪt fər iˈmeɪl tɪ bɪˈkəm waɪl ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪts ˈhɑrdˌwɛr sˈmɔlər, ˈsɛksiər, ənd ˈəltəmətli, ˌɪndɪˈspɛnsəbəl tɪ ˈɛniˌwən hu pɪkt ɪt əp. ɪn 1998 ðə ˈpeɪʤər 900 ə ˈbəlki brɪk wɪθ ə dɪˈspleɪ wɑz səkˈsidɪd baɪ ðə sˈmɔlər ˈpeɪʤər 950 ɛz ɪts neɪm ˌɪmˈplaɪd, rɪm kənˈsɪdərd ðə 900 ənd 950 ˈpeɪʤərz fərst, iˈmeɪlɪŋ dɪˈvaɪsɪz ˈsɛkənd; ˈpeɪʤɪŋ wɑz stɪl ə fɔrs tɪ bi ˈrɛkənd wɪθ ɪn ðə (ˌɛˌsɛˈmɛs wɑz jɛt tɪ bɪˈkəm ˈrɛləvənt ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə) ənd ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈnidɪd tɪ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ wɪθ ðə ˈpeɪʤɪŋ kraʊd ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ faɪnd ən ˈɔdiəns. ˌɪnˈdid, oʊn prɛs riˈlis fər ðə 950 ˈpraʊdli dɪˈklɛrd ðə dɪˈvaɪs ə "ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri ˈtuˌweɪ ˈpeɪʤər ðət əˈlaʊz ˈjuzərz tɪ boʊθ sɛnd ənd rɪˈsiv full-length*, error-free*, ˌælfənuˈmɛrɪk ˈmɛsɪʤɪz wɪθ ˌgɛrənˈtid dɪˈlɪvəri." ðə 950 ˈriˌteɪld fər 360 wɪθ plænz ˈstɑrtɪŋ æt 25 ə mənθ θru ˈbɛlˌsaʊθ, wən əv ˈsɛvərəl ˈkəmpəˌniz ðət wʊd ˈəltəmətli bɪˈkəm (ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli moʊˈbɪlɪti, ðoʊ ˈnɛtˌwərk ˌɪnərˈæktɪv wʊd bi soʊld ɔf praɪər tɪ ðə neɪm ʧeɪnʤ). ðət ˈpraɪsɪŋ pʊt ðə dɪˈvaɪs wɛl wɪˈθɪn ðə riʧ əv ˈɛni ˈkəmpəˌni hu ˈnidɪd ɪts ɪmˈplɔɪiz ə peɪʤ (ər ən iˈmeɪl) əˈweɪ. rɪm ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd ðət səm 80 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈpeɪʤɪz rikˈwaɪərd ə rɪˈspɑns ənd æt ə taɪm wɪn ˈwənˈweɪ ˈpeɪʤərz stɪl ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd ðə bɛlts əv fild tɛks, ɪgˈzɛkjətɪvz, ənd ˈdɑktərz, ðə 950 wɑz praɪst raɪt tɪ stil səm əv ðət ˈmɑrkɪt. ˈivɪn ˈbɛtər, ðə 950 wɑz ˈbɛrli ˈlɑrʤər ðən ðoʊz ˈwənˈweɪ dɪˈvaɪsɪz ɪt sɔt tɪ dɪˈspleɪs. ə ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri brænd ˈimərʤɪz ɪn ˈərli 1999 rɪm wɑz ɪn fæt ˈsɪti. ɪt wɑz ˈkəmɪŋ ɔf ə ˈrɛkərd kˈwɔrtər əv ˈərnɪŋz θæŋks tɪ brɪsk seɪlz əv ɪts ənd nu ˈkɑnˌtrækts fər ɪts ˈwaɪrlɪs ˈmoʊdəmz, bət ɪt ˈwəzənt ˈstændɪŋ stɪl. ɔn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 19 əv ðət jɪr, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni meɪd ə boʊld ˌdɛklərˈeɪʃən: ðə fˈjuʧər. ðə ˈpeɪʤər dɪˈvaɪsɪz wər ˈɛksələnt ˈtuˌweɪ ˈpeɪʤərz, jɛs, bət ðət ˈwəzənt wɛr ðə ˈmɑrkɪt wɑz goʊɪŋ ənd rɪm nu ðət ɪt ɔˈrɛdi hæd ə ˈpaʊərfəl ˈfreɪmˌwərk fər ˈmoʊbəl iˈmeɪl ɪn pleɪ. ɪt ˌɪntrəˈdust ə taɪt ˈlɪtəl səˈluʃən kɔld "ˈblækˌbɛri," wɪʧ ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈbəndəld ə ˈvərʒən əv ɪts ˈpeɪʤər 950 wɪθ ə ˈpiˈsi dɑk, ə nu ˈsərvɪs fər ˈsɪŋkrəˌnaɪzɪŋ tɪ ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ əˈkaʊnts, ənd optionally*, ə ˈprɑdəkt kɔld ˈblækˌbɛri ˈɛnərˌpraɪz ˈsərvər gɪrd æt ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃənz ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ ˈmænɪʤ flits əv ðiz dɪˈvaɪsɪz. ənˈlaɪk ðə pɑm, ˈblækˌbɛri ˈdɪdənt traɪ tɪ bi ˈfænsi noʊ "wɛb ˈklɪpɪŋz," noʊ juʤ touchscreen*, noʊ ˈhænˌdraɪtɪŋ ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən, ənd noʊ ˈmæsɪv ænˈtɛnə. ˌɪnˈstɛd, dɪˈvaɪs wɑz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈsɪŋgli ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ ə ˈkɪlər iˈmeɪl ɪkˈspɪriəns wɪθ ə skroʊl wil, ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈkəmfərtəbəl ˈkiˌbɔrd, ənd tru pʊʃ ˈsərvɪs (ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈmɛni ˈəðər ˈplætˌfɔrmz ər stɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt raɪt tɛn jɪrz ˈleɪtər, ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋli). fər suts hud bɪn səkt ˈɪntu ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm fər ˈkɔrpərət iˈmeɪl, ˈblækˌbɛri wɑz ə breɪv nu wərld ə ʧæns tɪ ənd ðeɪ keɪm ˈkɔlɪŋ ɪn droʊvz. ənd ðət wɑz ʤɪst ðə fərst ˈkəpəl mənθs əv ðə jɪr. ˈleɪtər ɪn 1999 rɪm wʊd riˈlis ðə ˈpeɪʤər 850 wɪʧ ɪkˈspændɪd nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈfʊtˌprɪnt baɪ ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi tɪ ˈnɛtˌwərks ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ˈkænədə (ˈbætəri laɪf drɑpt frəm ðə kleɪmd θri wiks tɪ ʤɪst wən wik, bət ðə səˈpɔrt fər riˈʧɑrʤəbəl pæks meɪd ɪt ə bɪt mɔr ˈpælətəbəl). ˈʃɔrtli ðɛˈræftər, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni əˈnaʊnst ðət ɪt wʊd əˈdɑpt sənz ˈʤɑvə 2 ˈmaɪˌkroʊ ɪˈdɪʃən ˈplætˌfɔrm fər dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪn ɪts dɪˈvaɪsɪz, ənd fər ˈbɛtər ər wərs ˈblækˌbɛri dɪˈvɛləpərz raɪt ɪn ˈʤɑvə tɪ ðɪs deɪ. ə fɔrm ˈfæktər mɔr fəˈmɪljər baɪ 2000 ˈblækˌbɛri hæd sɪˈmɛntɪd ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɛz ə paʊər brænd ə ˈkɔrpərət ˈstætəs ˈsɪmbəl. ˈpeɪʤɪŋ wɑz ɔn ðə weɪ aʊt, ənd rɪm hæd ˈsəmˌhaʊ ˈɛkspərtli ˈrɪdən ðə weɪv raɪt ˈɪntu ˈmoʊbəl iˈmeɪl ɛz ðoʊ ðət hæd bɪn ɪts plæn ɔl əˈlɔŋ. θɪŋ ɪz, ðə dɪˈspleɪ ɔn ðə 850 ənd 950 ˈmɑdəlz ə frəm ðə ˈpeɪʤər deɪz ˈwəzənt ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli fər ˈrɛdɪŋ iˈmeɪlz, wɪʧ ˈtɛndɪd tɪ bi ˈlɔŋgər ənd ˈrɪʧər ðən ˌoʊldˈskul ˈpeɪʤɪz. ðə səˈluʃən? ə məʧ, məʧ ˈlɑrʤər dɪˈspleɪ. rɪm ˌɪntrəˈdust ðə ˈblækˌbɛri 957 ɪn ˈkɑnsərt wɪθ ˈblækˌbɛri ɑs ɪn ˈeɪprəl əv 2000 ɪt wʊd pruv tɪ bi ə ˈlændˌmɑrk dɪˈvaɪs fər rɪm, ðoʊ ɪt meɪ nɑt hæv simd ðət weɪ æt ðə taɪm. æt ɪts riˈlis, ɪt wɑz ˈlɪtəl mɔr ðən ən ˌoʊvərˈgroʊn 950 bət ənˈlaɪk ɪts ˈlɪtəl ˈbrəðər, ðə ˈbeɪsɪk fɔrm ˈfæktər wʊd ˈəltəmətli stænd ðə tɛst əv taɪm ənd ɪf ju lɛt jʊr aɪz goʊ aʊt əv ˈfoʊkɪs ʤɪst ə bɪt, ju kən ˈæˌkʧuəli si ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋz əv ðə juˈbɪkwɪtəs ˈjuzər ˈɪnərˌfeɪs faʊnd ɔn ˈɛvəri ˈblækˌbɛri soʊld ðɪs pɔɪnt, ˈkɛriərz ənd ˈkɑntɛnt ˈpɑrtnərz wər ˈrɪli ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ gɪt ɪt: tɪ ˈbɑˌroʊ ə freɪz frəm ə 2000 prɛs riˈlis dɪˈteɪlɪŋ ə nu ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈnɔrtɛl, rɪm wɑz bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə ˈʧæmpiən əv ðə "ˈɔlˌweɪz ɔn, ˈɔlˌweɪz kəˈnɛktɪd" ˈɪntərˌnɛt, ənd ˈɛvriˌwən ˈwɔntɪd ɪn ɔn ðə ˈmoʊʤoʊ (ˈnɔrtɛl hæd ʤɪst ˌɪnˈvɛstɪd 25 ˈmɪljən ɪn rɪm; aɪˈrɑnɪkli, rɪm wʊd traɪ tɪ baɪ ə lɑrʤ ʧəŋk əv ˈbæŋkrəpt rɪˈmeɪnz ʤɪst naɪn jɪrz ˈleɪtər). ˈrɑʤərz (ðɛn ˈrɑʤərz), bɛl moʊˈbɪlɪti, ənd ˈbiˈti wər əˈməŋ ðə ˈhɛviˌweɪt ˈnɛtˌwərks tɪ ˈwɛlkəm ˈblækˌbɛri tɪ ðɛr ˈlaɪˌnəps. əˈmərɪkəˈɑnˌlaɪn kriˈeɪtɪd ə ˈvərʒən əv əˈmərɪkəˈɑnˌlaɪn ˈɪnstənt ˈmɛsɪnʤər fər ðə ˈplætˌfɔrm, ənd rɪm ˈstɑrtɪd ˈbəndəlɪŋ ɪts fərst wɛb ˈbraʊzər wɪθ ðə 950 ənd 957 ðoʊ ˈjuzɪŋ ɪt ræn ə stɪf ə mənθ fər 25kb*. jɛs, tˈwɛntiˌfaɪv ˈwɑpɪŋ ˈkɪloʊˌbaɪts! ˈfɔrʧənətli, ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈsərvɪs wɑz əˈveɪləbəl fər əˈnəðər 10 ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪts əmˈjuzɪŋ tɪ θɪŋk ðət ˈwaɪrlɪs ˈdætə dɪˈvaɪsɪz wər ˈɛvər ˌrudəˈmɛntəri ɪˈnəf, ˈmoʊbəl ˈkɑntɛnt ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈsɪmpəl ɪˈnəf, ənd ˈnɛtˌwərks sloʊ ɪˈnəf tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ə ˈsərvɪs ðət əˈlɑtɪd ʤɪst ə fju ˈθaʊzənd baɪts ˈɛvəri month.today*, klaʊd kəmˈpjutɪŋ ɪz ə fækt əv laɪf; ɪf ju juz gmail*, ˈfeɪsˌbʊk, ˈflɪkər, ər ˈɛni əv ðɛr kənˈtɛmpərˌɛriz, məʧ əv wət meɪks ju hu ju ər ɪz stɔrd ɪn səm ˈnɛtˌwərk əv ˈsərvərz jul ˈnɛvər si kəmˈpjutərz ðət lʊk laɪk ˌoʊvərˈgroʊn rɪˈfrɪʤərˌeɪtərz, saʊnd laɪk ʤɛt ˈɛnʤənz, ənd lɪv ɪn koʊld, ˈwɪndoʊləs fəˈsɪlɪtiz kloʊz tɪ paʊər plænts ənd fæst ˈɪntərˌnɛt kəˈnɛkʃənz. ɪn 2001 ðə klaʊd ɛz wi noʊ ɪt təˈdeɪ wɑz ʤɪst ən aɪˈdiə ɔn ə (ənd noʊ wən wɑz ˈkɔlɪŋ ɪt "ðə klaʊd") bət ˈblækˌbɛri ˈkəstəmərz wər ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ teɪst bɪts ənd ˈpisɪz əv ðə juzd ˈwaɪrlɪs ɪn ˈveɪgəs ðət jɪr ɛz ðə ˈvɛnju tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus ðə nɛkst ˌɪtəˈreɪʃən əv ɪts kəˈnɛktɪd ɪkˈspɪriəns: ˈwaɪrlɪs ˈkæləndər ˌsɪŋkrənəˈzeɪʃən. əp ənˈtɪl ðɪs pɔɪnt, ðə ˈblækˌbɛri ˈplætˌfɔrm hæd bɪn əˈbaʊt iˈmeɪl fərst, ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɛls ˈsɛkənd (ənd ˈrɪli, ju kʊd ˈɑrgju ðæts stɪl ðə koʊd rɪm lɪvz baɪ təˈdeɪ), bət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wɑz ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðət ə ˈmoʊbəl ˈɔfəs wɑz əˈbaʊt mɔr ðən ˈmɛsɪʤɪŋ ənd ɪts nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz kənˈvinjənt tɪ pɑp ˈoʊpən ðə ˈlæpˌtɑp tɪ ʧɛk ðə deɪz ˈskɛʤʊl. ˌbiˈsaɪdz, waɪl rɪm wɑz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈwaɪrlɪs ˈdætə ə ˈmeɪnˌstrim ˈkɑnsɛpt ɪn ðə ˈpɑkət, ˈlæpˌtɑp ˈdætə kɑrdz wər stɪl ɪkˈsidɪŋli rɛr. əv kɔrs, jʊr ˈævərɪʤ ʤoʊ ɔf ðə strit stɪl ˈkʊdənt wɔk ˈɪntu ðɛr ˈkɛriərz ʃɑp, baɪ ə ˈblækˌbɛri, ənd gɪt ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl ˈaʊˌtlʊk ˈkæləndər dɪˈlɪvərd ˈoʊvər ðə bət fər ˈkɔrpərət ˈkəstəmərz wɪθ ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ ənd biz ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃənz, θɪŋz wər ˈrɪli ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈdɪdənt ʤɪst ˈmoʊbəl iˈmeɪl ər kəˈnɛktɪd ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ɪt hɛlpt ˌpaɪəˈnɪr ðə ˈvɛri ˈkɑnsɛpt əv "pʊʃ." pʊʃ kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ bi ən ɪˈlusɪv, kənˈtɛnʃəs tɛkˈnɑləʤi fər ˈjuzərz əv ˈmɛni ˈsɪstəmz, dɪˈvaɪsɪz, ənd ˈmoʊbəl ˈplætˌfɔrmz tɪ ðɪs deɪ ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ju gɪt nu ˈkɑntɛnt pʊʃt tɪ ju ɛz ɪt ˈhæpənz, ˈrəðər ðən ˈweɪtɪŋ ənˈtɪl ju rɪkˈwɛst ɪt bət rɪm wɑz wɛl əˈhɛd əv ðə geɪm hir, ˈtaʊtɪŋ ɪts pʊʃ tɛkˈnɑləʤi baɪ neɪm ɛz ˈərli ɛz 2001 ɪf ˈsəmˌwən ʃɑt ju ən iˈmeɪl, ju hæd ɪt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli. ˈmitɪŋ rɪkˈwɛsts zɪpt daʊn tɪ ju ðə ˈsɛkənd ðeɪ wər meɪd. əv kɔrs, pʊʃ wʊd ˈəltəmətli goʊ ɔn tɪ bɪˈkəm wən əv ˈhɔlˌmɑrks ənd wən əv ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈrizənz ˈjuzərz kənˈtɪnju tɪ saɪt fər ˈstɛdˌfæstli rɪfˈjuzɪŋ tɪ traɪ ˈəðər ˈplætˌfɔrmz, noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈaʊtˌdeɪtɪd ˈɪnərˌfeɪs meɪ naʊ sim baɪ ˈmɑdərn ˈstændərdz ɪts ə ˈrɪli ˈpaʊərfəl ˈsɛlɪŋ mɑrkt ə ˈnəmbər əv ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt nu ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪps fər rɪm, tu, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ (wɪʧ wʊd ˈəltəmətli bɪˈkəm ˈtiˌmoʊbəl ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ) ənd ˈɪtəliz tɪm. ˈmeɪbi mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ, ðoʊ, wɑz ən əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ðə ˈkəmpəˌni meɪd æt ðə ˈvɛri teɪl ɛnd əv ðə jɪr: ˈɪtəd bi dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ə dɪˈvaɪs kəmˈpætəbəl wɪθ ˌmoʊtərˈoʊləz ˈaɪdən ˈnɛtˌwərk tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪn ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈnɛkˌstɛl. kleɪm tɪ feɪm, əv kɔrs, wɑz (ənd stɪl ɪz) ɪts ˈɪnərˌfeɪs soʊ dɪd ðɪs min ðət ə ˈhaɪbrɪd ˈblækˌbɛri ˈsɛlfoʊn wɑz ɪn ðə wərks? wər stɪl ə ˈnɑvəlti æt ðə taɪm ənd ˈhɛviˌweɪts laɪk ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ˈhædənt jɛt kəm tɪ pleɪ bɔl, bət ðə ˈsɪnərʤi wɑz ˈprɪti ˈɑbviəs: roʊd ˈwɔrjərz du ðɛr iˈmeɪl ənd teɪk ˈkɑnfərəns kɔlz frəm ðə bæk əv ðə kæb ɔn ðə weɪ tɪ læks, ˈæftər rɪm, ðə ˈdɛkeɪd həz bɪn fɪld wɪθ ˈsimɪŋli ˈkaʊntləs baʊts əv lɔ ˈkɔrˌtrum ˈdrɑmə, ə θim ðət kən treɪs ɪts ˈɔrəʤɪnz tɪ noʊˈvɛmbər əv 2001 wɪn ˌaɪˌpi ˈhoʊldɪŋ fərm huz mɪr ˈmɛnʃən ˈkɔzɪz ˈgrəmbəlz əv "ˈpætənt troʊl!" ɪn səm ˈsərkəlz faɪld ɪts fərst ˈlɔˌsut əˈgɛnst ðə ˈkəmpəˌni. ðə sut ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn tɛkˈnɑləʤiz sərˈaʊndɪŋ ðə ˈwaɪrlɪs trænzˈmɪʃən əv iˈmeɪl, wɪʧ... wɛl, kaɪnd əv səmz əp ɪnˈtaɪər ˈbɪznɪs ˈmɑdəl, soʊ ðə spæt ˈnæʧərəli ˈgɑrnərd ɪts fɛr ʃɛr əv əˈtɛnʃən. ˈæftər səm fɔr ənd ə hæf jɪrz əv ˈligəl ˈækʃən, ˈtɛntətɪv ˈsɛtəlmənts, ənd ˈbreɪkˌdaʊnz, rɪm ənd ˈfaɪnəli keɪm tɪ tərmz tɪ ðə tun əv ˈmɪljən kənˈsɪdərəbli lɛs ðən ðə 1 ˈbɪljən hæd ərˈɪʤənəli ˈwɔntɪd, bət stɪl ə ˈbrɛθˌteɪkɪŋ səm fər ə ˈkəmpəˌni ðət hæd dən ˈlɪtəl mɔr ðən sɪt ɔn səm ˈpjʊrli ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl kɔrs, rɪm wɑz ˈsɪtɪŋ ɔn ən ˈɛnviəbəl ˌaɪˌpi pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ əv ɪts oʊn baɪ ðɪs pɔɪnt, ənd ðət pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ wɑz ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ peɪ ˈdɪvɪˌdɛndz raɪt əraʊnd ðə taɪm əv ərˈɪʤənəl ˈfaɪlɪŋ. 2002 sɔ ə ˈlaɪsənsɪŋ əˈgrimənt teɪk hoʊld wɪθ pɑm (wɪˈθaʊt wɪʧ ðə laɪnz ˈfeɪməsli gʊd ˈkiˌbɔrdz ˈwʊdəv hæd ə hɑrd taɪm ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ) ənd ə ˈsɪriz əv kleɪmz faɪld əˈgɛnst ˈəpˌstɑrt ˈraɪvəl gʊd tɛkˈnɑləʤi wɪʧ æt ðə taɪm wɑz ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ə səˈspɪʃəsli dɪˈvaɪs kɔld ðə tɪ əˈkəmpəni ɪts swit ðət ˈduplɪˌkeɪtɪd məʧ əv ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti. gʊd wʊd ˈəltəmətli goʊ ɔn tɪ əˈbændən ðə tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ˈstrɪktli ɔn ˈsɔfˌwɛr ənd ˈsərvɪsɪz ənd ˌəndərˈgoʊ ə ˈkəpəl ˈteɪˌkoʊvərz moʊst ˈrisəntli baɪ ˈwɛlˈnoʊn ˈpætənt ˈpleɪnəf soʊ ðə ˈhɑrdˌwɛr bɪz ˈklɪrli ˈhædənt ˈtritɪd ðɛm wɪθ ɛz məʧ ˈkaɪndnəs ɛz ɪt hæd wʊd pruv tɪ bi ə ˈwɔtərˌʃɛd jɪr fər ðə. ˈnoʊkiəz kəmˈjunəˌkeɪtər laɪn hæd bɪn əraʊnd sɪns ðə 1990s*, bət ɪts ˈmɑdəlz wər nɪʧ dɪˈvaɪsɪz ˈbəlki bists ðət ˈdɪdənt ˈfəŋkʃən ˈvɛri wɛl ɛz foʊnz, pdas*, ər kəmˈpjutərz ənd ðeɪ ˈklɪrli wərənt ðə ˈkætəˌlɪst ðə ˈɪndəstri (ənd kənˈsumərz) ˈnidɪd tɪ teɪk ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt nuz leɪt ɪn 2001 ðət ðɛrd bi ə ˈblækˌbɛri ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ˈnɛkˌstɛlz ˈaɪdən ˈnɛtˌwərk, ə ˈfləri əv prɛs rɪˈlisɪz hɪt ɪn ðə fərst pɑrt əv 02 ˈtaʊtɪŋ ðət nu wɪθ "ˈdætə ənd vɔɪs ˈsərvɪsɪz" wʊd bi meɪd əˈveɪləbəl ɔn ˈkɛriərz əraʊnd ðə wərld; ɪn ðə steɪts ənd ˈrɑʤərz ɪn ˈkænədə boʊθ ˈfɑloʊd ˈnɛkˌstɛlz lɛd ɪn kəˈmɪtɪŋ tɪ ˈɔfərɪŋ ðɛm. ˈnɛkˌstɛlz əˈnaʊnsmɛnt wɑz əˈspɛʃəli ˈpɑzətɪv, ˈdrɑpɪŋ ðə ˈbɑmˌʃɛl ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌniz hæd saɪnd ə "multi-year*" əˈgrimənt tɪ səˈplaɪ tɪ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk. əv kɔrs, ðət əˈgrimənt ˈməstɪv wərkt aʊt ˈprɪti wɛl fər ˈɛvriˌwən ˌɪnˈvɑlvd, siɪŋ haʊ ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ ðə ˈprɛzənt day.well*, æt fərst, ɪt tərnz aʊt ðət rɪm ˈrɪli ˈwʊdənt bi ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈmeɪnˌstrim əˈdɑpʃən ˈɛni mɔr ðən ˈnoʊkiə hæd. ˈvɛri fərst ˈblækˌbɛri ˈhændˌsɛt ðə 5810 ˈdeɪbjutɪd ɔn ˈrɑʤərz ɪn ˈeɪprəl əv 2002 fər ə stɪf kæd 750 (əˈbaʊt 715 æt ˈtudeɪz kənˈvərʒən reɪts), ˈlʊkɪŋ laɪk ˈnəθɪŋ mɔr ðən ə 957 wɪθ ə ˈhɛdˌsɛt ʤækt ˈɪntu bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ˈnəθɪŋ mɔr ðən ə 957 wɪθ ə ˈhɛdˌsɛt ʤækt ˈɪntu ɛz ˈwaɪrlɪs ˈkæləndər ˌsɪŋkrənəˈzeɪʃən hæd ˈteɪkən ə bæk sit tɪ iˈmeɪl, rɪm wɑz naʊ ˈtritɪŋ əˈnəðər ˈkrɪtɪkəli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈfəŋkʃən vɔɪs ɛz ən ˈæftərˌθɔt. ðə ˈmɛsɪʤɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns wɑz ɛz gʊd ɔn ðə 5810 ɛz ɪt wɑz ɔn ˈɛni ˈblækˌbɛri ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt, bət ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə foʊn ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti skrimd ˈnaɪtˌmɛr," frəm ðə pæd ˈdɪʤɪt leɪaʊt tɪ ðə ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli waɪərd ˈɪntu pleɪs (wɛl, nɑt ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli, bət ɪt meɪ ɛz wɛl hæv bɪn ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ju ˈwɔntɪd tɪ juz ðə dɪˈvaɪs ɛz ə foʊn). ˈbluˌtuθ ənd ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd wər jɛt tɪ bɪˈkəm ˈfiʧərz ɪn 2002 ənd ju ˈsərtənli wərənt goʊɪŋ tɪ faɪnd ðɛm ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz əp æt rɪm ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz wərənt ˈteɪkɪŋ ə ˈbriðər, ðoʊ fɑr frəm ɪt. ðə ˈərli pɑrt əv ðə ˈdɛkeɪd wɑz ə ˈprɪti ˈmæʤɪkəl taɪm fər ˈwaɪrlɪs, fər ˈmoʊbəl, ənd fər ˈgæʤətri ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl; ə prɪˈmɔrdiəl sup əv tɛkˈnɑləʤiz wər ɔl ˈræpədli ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ fruˈɪʃən æt ðə seɪm taɪm ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ frəm ʧip, ˌhaɪkˈwɑləti ˈkələr tɪ ˈpɑləmər ˈbætəriz ənd ˈdætə ˈnɛtˌwərks ənd foʊnz frəm ɔl ˈkəmpəˌniz wər biɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpt, əˈnaʊnst, ənd riˈlist mɔr ˈræpədli ðən ðeɪ ˈɛvər hæd bɪn ˌbiˈfɔr. gɔn wər ðə deɪz əv ˈoʊnɪŋ ə fər eɪt jɪrz ər ə fər fɔr ˈjusfəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən wɑz ˈsɪmpli ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ˈmɑrkɪt tu kˈwɪkli fər kənˈsumərz (ər ˌmænjəˈfækʧərərz) tɪ gɪt ˈkəmfərtəbəl fər mɔr ðən ə jɪr ər tu æt ə noʊ mɪˈsteɪk, ɪt wɑz ə fən (ɪf nɑt ˈtɛrəbli ɪkˈspɛnsɪv) taɪm tɪ bi peɪɪŋ əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ðə ˈmɑrkɪt. ʤɪst sɪks mənθs jɛs, ˈmɪrli hæf ə jɪr ˈæftər ˈlɔnʧɪŋ ɪts fərst ˈblækˌbɛri, rɪm geɪv ðə ˈpipəl wət ðeɪ ˈrɪli ˈwɔntɪd: ðə 6800 ˈsɪriz, ˌɪntrəˈdust æt ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər əv 2002 ənˈlaɪk ðə ˈɔkwərd 5810 ðə 6810 ənd 6820 brɔt ə ˈprɑpər ˈɪrpis tɪ ðə ɪkˈweɪʒən, ˈfaɪnəli ˈkɑnsəˌmeɪtɪŋ ðə ˈmɛrɪʤ əv ˈsɛlfoʊn ənd kəˈnɛktɪd ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzər ɪn ə ˈprɑpər, ˈjuzəbəl weɪ. ðoʊ səm əv moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt dɪˈvɛləpmənts wər jɛt tɪ kəm, ju kʊd ˈɑrgju ðət ðɪs wɑz ˈtərnɪŋ pɔɪnt ðə ˈsɪŋgəl, ˈkɑmən ˈænˌsɛstər tɪ wɪʧ ˈɛvəri ˈmɑdərn ˈblækˌbɛri kən treɪs ɪts ðɪs pɔɪnt, ðə ˈɪndəstriz ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ ʃoʊ səm ˈərli ˈglɪmərz əv əˈwɛrnəs: ɪt tərnz aʊt ðət ˈpipəl laɪk ˈhævɪŋ ðɛr foʊn, ðɛr iˈmeɪl, ənd ðɛr ˈkæləndər ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl, dɪˈvaɪs. goʊ ˈfɪgjər! əv kɔrs, rɪm ˈwəzənt ðə ˈoʊnli ˈkəmpəˌni ˈhævɪŋ ðɪs ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃən ɪn 2002 pɑm ˈfaʊndər ʤɛf ˈhɔkɪnz' pɛt ˈprɑʤɛkt,, wɑz ʤɪst ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ˈmɑrkɪt əraʊnd ðə seɪm taɪm wɪθ ðə fərst ˈmɛmbərz əv ɪts ˈsɛksi, fərst ðə 180 ənd wər fərˈgɛtəbəl (ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ðə, wɪʧ ˈtræʤɪkli rikˈwaɪərd ˈklæsɪk grəˈfiti ˈhænˌdraɪtɪŋ ˈɪnˌpʊt fər tɛkst ˈɛntri), bət ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ɛnd əv ðə jɪr, ðə 270 (fər ˈnɛtˌwərks) ənd 300 (fər) wər boʊθ ˈʃɪpɪŋ. ðæts wɛr θɪŋz ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ gɪt ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ. ðiz ˈsəkərz hæd ˈkələr dɪˈspleɪz ənd æt list priˈtɛndɪd tɪ du ə ˈdisənt ʤɑb əv wɛb ˈbraʊzɪŋ ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈkəmpəniz ˈbleɪzər æp ˈsəmθɪŋ rɪm ˈkʊdənt ˈrɪli kleɪm wɪθ ðə 6800 ðə 270 ənd 300 wər soʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ, ɪn fækt, ðət ðeɪ ˈəltəmətli lɛd dɪˈrɛkli tɪ ðə riˈlis əv ðə 600 ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ jɪr, wən əv ðə moʊst sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ənd ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl ˈɛvər riˈlist (ɪt wɑz soʊ ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl, ɪn fækt, ðət ɪts ʤinz stɪl lɪv ɔn təˈdeɪ ɪn ðoʊ rɪm hæd ʤɪst lɔnʧt ðə 6810 ənd 6820 ðeɪ wər ɔˈrɛdi ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈaʊtˌdeɪtɪd ˈsɪtɪŋ ɔn ə ˈteɪbəl nɛkst tɪ (ənd ˈleɪtər palmone's*) ˈɔfərɪŋz. ɪt ˈdɪdənt ˈrɪli ˈmætər, ðoʊ; ˈsikrɪt sɔs leɪ ɛz məʧ ɪn ɪts roʊˈbəst ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz ɛz ɪt dɪd ɪn ðə ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˌɪtˈsɛlf. wət ˈərli lækt ɪn fɪˈnɛs, ðeɪ meɪd əp fər ɪn mˈjuzɪk tɪ ˈɛni ɪt stæfs ɪrz. pɑm ənd, ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, hæd boʊθ dən ə ˈbɛtər ʤɑb ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz əv ˈstrædlɪŋ ðə fɛns bɪtˈwin ˈɔfəs ənd hoʊm ðɛr dɪˈvaɪsɪz hæd ɔˈrɛdi bɪn soʊld ɪn stɔrz sɪns ðə 90s*, ənd ðə simd laɪk ə ˈnæʧərəl ɪkˈstɛnʃən əv ðət. pɑm, əv kɔrs, lækt ə ˈwɛlˈnoʊn, pʊʃ iˈmeɪl səˈluʃən; fər səm, ðət wɑz ə dil ˈbreɪkər, bət fər ˈəðərz, ðə sɛks əˈpil meɪd ɪt ðə ˈɑbviəs choice.indeed*, rɪm wɑz stɪl jɪrz əˈweɪ frəm ˈhɪtɪŋ ɪts straɪd wɪθ kənˈsumərz; ʤɪst laɪk ɪts ˈprɛdəˌsɛsərz, ˈkɛriərz wər pəˈzɪʃənɪŋ ðə 6800 ˈsɪriz təˈwɔrd ˈbɪznəˈspipəl əˈloʊn, bət ðə ˈstrætəʤi ˈsərtənli simd tɪ bi peɪɪŋ ˈdɪvɪˌdɛndz. ˌbiˈfɔr 2002 kloʊzd aʊt, ðeɪd goʊ ɔn tɪ əˈnaʊns ðə 6510 fər ˈnɛkˌstɛl ənd ðə 6850 fər ˌvɛˈraɪzən ðə ˈkəmpəniz fərst dɪˈvaɪs. ðə wərld hæd ˈstɑrtɪd ðə jɪr wɪθ ə səˈlɛkʃən əv ˈziroʊ ˈblækˌbɛri foʊnz ənd ˈɛndɪd ɪt wɪθ faɪv. ðə ˌrɛvəˈluʃən hæd ˈbeɪgən, ənd ɛz ɪt tərnd aʊt, ðɛr wɑz ˈplɛnti əv rum ɪn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt fər rɪm ənd pɑm tɪ boʊθ steɪk ðɛr kleɪmz ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt wɑz stɪl jəŋ, ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən wɑz jɛt tɪ bɪˈkəm fɪrs, ənd ðə ˈtərgət ˌdɛməˈgræfɪk wɑz ˈhəŋgri fər ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən. boʊθ ˈkəmpəˌniz wʊd goʊ ɔn tɪ hoʊld sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈpisɪz əv ðə paɪ əˈməŋ ˈbɪznɪs ˈjuzərz (ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə) ɪn ðə ˈlætər hæf əv ðə ˈwəzənt ʤɪst (ənd ˈleɪtər palmone*) wɪθ skɪn ɪn ðə geɪm, ˈiðər. ðoʊ ɪt hæd ə mˈjutɪd ˈprɛzəns ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə, ˈnoʊkiə wɑz ˈʤəmpɪŋ aʊt tɪ ə kəˈmændɪŋ lɛd ˈgloʊbəli ɔn ðə strɛŋθ əv ɪts ˈsɪriz 60 ˈplætˌfɔrm, ə dərˈɪvɪtɪv əv ðə ˈsɪriz 80 kɔr juzd ɔn ðə kəmˈjunəˌkeɪtər ˈsɪriz. baɪ ðə ɛnd əv 2003 səm ˈɛstəˌmeɪts hæd ɪts ˈmɑrkɪt ʃɛr nɪr ə ˈstægərˌɪŋ 90 pərˈsɛnt ˈwərldˈwaɪd. ðæts ə stæt ju kænt ˌɪgˈnɔr, ənd rɪm wɑz ˈɛmənəntli əˈwɛr ðət ɪt ˈnidɪd tɪ ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz ɔn ɪts "crackberry*" ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən ɪts strɛŋθ ɛz ən ˈɛnərˌpraɪz ˈsɔfˌwɛr ənd ˈsərvɪsɪz pleɪər ənd kip ɪts ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˈigoʊ ɪn ʧɛk. ʃʊr, ɪt naʊ hæd ˈsɛvərəl foʊnz ɪn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt, bət soʊ dɪd ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls soʊ waɪ traɪ tɪ bit 'ɛm ɪf ju kən ʤɪst ʤɔɪn 'ɛm ənd stɪl meɪk ðət ɛnd, ˈərli 03 sɔ ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ˈblækˌbɛri kəˈnɛkt ɔn symbian*, ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ˈkɔrpərət iˈmeɪl ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz tɪ ə ˈsimɪŋli ˈlɪmətləs əv ˈnoʊkiə dɪˈvaɪsɪz (əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ə ˈkəpəl ˈsoʊni ericssons*) ənd pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈəpɪŋ ˈproʊˌfaɪl ɪn ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈθieɪtər. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ hɪt ˈwɪndoʊz ˈmoʊbəl ənd pɑm ɑs ðə seɪm jɪr, sɪˈmɛntɪŋ ˈstætəs ɛz ə ˈplætˌfɔrm, nɑt ʤɪst ə laɪn əv dɪˈvaɪsɪz. ðə kəˈnɛkt səˈluʃən wʊd ˈəltəmətli ˈnɛvər geɪn ðə seɪm ˈlɛvəl əv ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti ɛz ðə ˈkəmpəniz ˈhændˌsɛts wʊd fər ˈhʊkɪŋ əp tɪ ˈblækˌbɛri ˈsərvərz, bət frəm pərˈspɛktɪv, ðæts ˈprɑbəˌbli ʤɪst ɛz wɛl ðeɪ sɔ ɪt ɛz ə ˌwɪnˈwɪn ˌɑpərˈtunəti, ənd ˈnoʊkiə, ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft, ənd pɑm ˈvɛri ˈlaɪkli dɪd ɛz ɪn ðiz ˈərli jɪrz, rɪm hæd ɔˈrɛdi ˌriɪnˈvɛntɪd ˌɪtˈsɛlf ə ˈkəpəl taɪmz; gɔn wər ðə deɪz əv "ˈblækˌbɛri" ˈminɪŋ ə smɔl, ˈəgli, ˈpeɪʤər wɪθ ɔl ðə ˌərgəˈnɑmɪks əv ə væks ðət ju kʊd ˈoʊnli gɪt (ənd ˈprɑbəˌbli wər fɔrst tɪ teɪk) θru jʊr ɪmˈplɔɪər. θæŋks ˈlaɪkli tɪ ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ɪts reɪnʤ əv ɪn ðə praɪər fju mənθs, 2003 wʊd bi ðə jɪr ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ ˈfaɪnəli dɪp ɪts toʊ ɪn wət ɪt kɔld ðə "prosumer*" ˈmɑrkɪt ˈkəstəmərz ðət wərənt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli biɪŋ ˈɔfərd ə ˈblækˌbɛri ɛz pɑrt əv ən flit æt ðɛr ˈkəmpəˌni, bət stɪl ˈrɪli ˈnidɪd (ənd wər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ peɪ fər) pʊʃ iˈmeɪl., ˈtiˌmoʊbəl, ənd ˈəðərz ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus pɑp ənd iˈmeɪl ˈækˌsɛs ɔn ðɛr ˈblækˌbɛri dɪˈvaɪsɪz ˈərli ðət jɪr, ˈmɑrkɪŋ ðə fərst taɪm ðeɪ wər ˈvaɪəbəl ˈɔpʃənz fər ˌwəˈnɔf baɪərz. peɪɪŋ 30 ə mənθ fər ə mɪr əv ˈdætə ˈsərvɪs ɔn tɔp əv ə vɔɪs plæn ɛz wɑz duɪŋ æt ðə taɪm wɑz stɪl ə ˈfɔrən ˈkɑnsɛpt tɪ 99 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈmɑrkɪt, bət ɪt mɑrkt wən əv ðə fərst ˈərli stɛps ɪn ɛnd ˈjuzərz tɪ ðə aɪˈdiə. təˈdeɪ, ˈivɪn fər ə dumbphone*, 70 ɪz ə ˈrizənəbəl ʧɑrʤ fər ˈmənθli ˈsərvɪs ənd 120 ər mɔr ˈɪzənt ənˈhərd əv ɪts ə ˈtreɪˌdɔf wiv kəˈlɛktɪvli meɪd tɪ bi kəˈnɛktɪd ɔl əv ðə taɪm, ənd rɪm hɛlpt bleɪz ðət kənˈtɪnjud tɪ prɛs ɛz hɑrd ɔn ðə ˈhɑrdˌwɛr frənt ɪn 2003 ɛz ɪt hæd ɪn 2002 ˈpruvɪŋ ɪt ˈwʊdənt lɛt ɪts ˈhɑrdˌwɛr goʊ kˈwaɪətli ˈɪntu ðə naɪt ənd ˈtrænsfɔrm ˈɪntu ə ˈsɔfˌwɛr fərm ðə seɪm weɪ gʊd wʊd. ðə nu 6200 ˈsɪriz tʊk ˈbeɪbi stɛps təˈwɔrd ðə ˈklæsɪk ˈblækˌbɛri lʊk wi ɔl noʊ təˈdeɪ baɪ ˈlaɪtənɪŋ ənd ʃˈrɪŋkɪŋ ðə ˈpækɪʤ, ðə dɪˈspleɪ daʊn tɪ ə mɔr ˈtɪpɪkəl ˈlænˌskeɪp ˈæˌspɛkt ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ, ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt mɔr ˈfəŋkʃənəl ðən ˈɛvər baɪ ˈstəfɪŋ ɪn mɔr ræm ənd ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd əˈtæʧmənt ə fju mənθs ˈleɪtər, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wʊd ˌɪntrəˈdus ðə 7200 ˈsɪriz, ɪts ˈvɛri fərst ˈkələr ˈmɑdəlz bət ðeɪ ˈwʊdənt lʊk ˈvɛri fəˈmɪljər tɪ ə boʊld ˈoʊnər. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ðə 7200 wɑz ˈnɪrli ə dɛd ˈrɪŋər fər ɪts 6200 ˈkəzən, sˈwɑpɪŋ aʊt ðə ˈmɑnəˌkroʊm dɪˈspleɪ fər ə wən ðət klɑkt ɪn æt ʤɪst 240 ɛks 160 ˈpɪksəlz ˈbrutəl baɪ ˈmɑdərn ˈstændərdz. ðə ˈkræˌpi ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ɔn ðə nu ˈmɑdəl kʊd bi ʧɔkt əp ɪn pɑrt tɪ ðə fækt ðət ðə skrin wɑz transflective*, ə tɛk ðət həz bɪn ɔl bət əˈbændənd ɪn ˈmɑdərn bɪˈkəz ðeɪ ˈsɪmpli doʊnt ˈpoʊˌni əp səˈfɪʃənt aɪ ˈkændi ðiz deɪz, ju nid ər ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ənd ˈkɪlər ˈkɑntræst ˈreɪʃiˌoʊz tɪ ərn rɪˈspɛkt ənd ˈmɑrkɪt 7250 wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi fərst ˈhændˌsɛt, bət ˈteɪkən ɛz ə hoʊl, ðə ˈsɪriz simd bɪlt lɛs tɪ nɑk sɑks ɔf ənd mɔr ˈsɪmpli tɪ əˈpiz ðə ˈmɑrkəts kɔlz fər ə ˈkələr ˈblækˌbɛri. ɪn ə weɪ, ɪt wʊd mɑrk ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ən eɪʤ əv kənˈsərvəˌtɪzəm ɪn ˈwɔtərˌlu ðət pleɪgz ðə ˈkəmpəˌni tɪ ðɪs ˈvɛri jɪr ɪz 2004 pɑm ɑs wʊd ˈɑrgjuəbli riʧ ɪts ˈzinɪθ wɪθ ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ðə 650 ə ˈmɑdəl ðət rɪˈfaɪnd ðə 600 ɪn ɔl ðə raɪt weɪz (ənd brɔt əˈbaʊt ðə ərˈeɪnʤmənt ðət moʊst bət nɑt ɔl fˈjuʧər pɑmz wʊd goʊ ɔn tɪ juz). rɪm saɪnd əp ɪts ˈmɪljənθ səbˈskraɪbər ˈərli ɪn ðə jɪr, ə saɪn əv greɪt θɪŋz tɪ kəm ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst twɛlv mənθs; ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wʊd bi əˈnaʊnsɪŋ nu ˈkɛriər dilz ɪn ˈɛvəri ˈkɔrnər əv ðə wərld ˈvərʧuəli ˈɛvəri wik, ənd ðə fɔrm ˈfæktər ˌɪntrəˈdust weɪ bæk ɔn ðə 957 wʊd hæv wən læst hʊˈrɑ ɔn ðə 7700 ˈsɪriz. 2004 wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ si ðə fərst ˈblækˌbɛri, ˈnɛkˌstɛlz 7510 fər ˈaɪdən. ɛz wɪθ ðə 7200 rɪm goʊɪŋ wɪθ ˈgraʊnˌbreɪkɪŋ dɪˈzaɪn ər ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti boʊθ əv ðə nu ˈmɑdəlz lʊkt ˈvərʧuəli aɪˈdɛntɪkəl tɪ ðə 6200 əv oʊld, nɑt ə gʊd θɪŋ kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðət ðə 6200 hæd ɔˈrɛdi lʊkt ˈprɪti ˈaʊtˌdeɪtɪd baɪ ðə taɪm ɪt wɑz səˈluʃən? kəmˈplitli riˈθɪŋk ðə ˈkiˌbɔrd. rɪm keɪm aʊt əv ɪts sˈləmbər ənd rɑkt ðə boʊt ˈleɪtər ɪn 04 mɔr ðən ɪt hæd sɪns ðə əˈnaʊnsmɛnt əv ɪts fərst foʊnz baɪ ˈroʊlɪŋ aʊt ðə 7100 laɪn əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈsəmθɪŋ kɔld "suretype*." əp ənˈtɪl ðət pɔɪnt, iʧ ənd ˈɛvəri ˈblækˌbɛri ðət keɪm ɔf ðə laɪn juzd ə trəˈdɪʃənəl θəm bɔrd; tərnd θɪŋz ˌəpˈsaɪˌdaʊn baɪ ˈdəbəlɪŋ əp tu ˈlɛtərz pər ki, ə ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz bɪtˈwin fʊl ənd ðə wərld əv nuˈmɛrɪk ˈkiˌpædz. bɪɔnd, ðoʊ, ðə 7100 wɑz ə ˈrædɪkli ˈdɪfərənt dɪˈzaɪn fər rɪm ɪts fərst ðət meɪd kənˈsɛʃənz tɪ əˈpil tɪ kənˈsumərz. ɪt lʊkt ənd wərkt ˈveɪgli laɪk ə foʊn. ðoʊ ɪt ˈhædənt jɛt səˈkəmd tɪ ðə trɛnd, ðə 7100 ˈɔlsoʊ ˈædɪd ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd sɛnd ənd ɛnd kiz əˈbəv ðə ˈkiˌbɔrd ənd wɑz ˈmɑrkətɪd dɪˈrɛkli tɪ kənˈsumərz ɪn ˈtiˌmoʊbəl,, sprɪnt, ənd ˌvɛˈraɪzən stɔrz. pʊt ˈsɪmpli, ɪt wɑz ə ˈprɛdəˌsɛsər tɪ ðə pərl ɪn ˈɛvəri sɛns əv ðə wərd rɪm ˈfaɪnəli hæd ɪts aɪ skˈwɛrli ɔn ðə kənˈsumər saɪd əv ðə ˈmɑrkɪt, ənd ˈɪtəd ɛnd əp peɪɪŋ wɑz mɔr ˈpɑpjələr ðən ˈɛvər. ɪn ə jɪr ənd ə hæf, ðə ˈsərvɪs ɪkˈsploʊdɪd frəm 1 ˈmɪljən tɪ ˈoʊvər 4 ˈmɪljən səbˈskraɪbərz, bət ðə taɪm hæd kəm: rɪm kʊd noʊ ˈlɔŋgər strɛʧ ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl dɪˈzaɪn əv ðə 6800 ˈɛni ˈfərðər ðən ɪt ɔˈrɛdi hæd, ənd ɪn leɪt 2005 ɪt ˈfaɪnəli tʊk ðə boʊld (bət ˈtoʊtəli ˈnɛsəˌsɛri) stɛp əv ˌridɪˈzaɪnɪŋ ɪts ˈflægˌʃɪp frəm ðə graʊnd əp. ˈwɔtərˌlu roʊd ðə rɪˈzəltɪŋ ˈlaɪˌnəp ðə 8700 ˈsɪriz tɪ nu haɪts, dɪˈplɔɪɪŋ ɔn ˈdəzənz əv ˈkɛriərz əraʊnd ðə wərld wɪθ ə θim ðət ˈmɪmɪkt ðə 7100 ðət hæd bɪn ənˈveɪld ə jɪr praɪər. ðɛr wər ˈnoʊtəbəl fərsts: ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə, ɪt bɪˈkeɪm boʊθ ðə ˈkəmpəniz fərst ˈhændˌsɛt ənd ɪts fərst wɪθ ə dɪˈspleɪ. ɪt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə fərst ˈblækˌbɛri wɪθ ə ˈprɑpər sɛnd ɛnd ki ərˈeɪnʤmənt; ˈnidləs tɪ seɪ, ðə ˈmɑdərn ˈblækˌbɛri wi noʊ təˈdeɪ sɪˈmɛntɪd ɪts ˈænsɛstri raɪt ɪt səˈpɔrtɪd ˈərli ɔn, rɪm wɑz məʧ sloʊər ɪn ˈteɪkɪŋ əp ðən moʊst əv ɪts ˈraɪvəlz, ˈpʊtɪŋ ɪt æt ə dɪˈstɪŋkt spɛk ʃit ˌdɪsədˈvænɪʤ ɔn ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ˈvərʧuəli ˈɛvəri ˈkɛriər ɪn ˈjʊrəp (ˈivɪn ðə 8900 ənd ˈbrændˌnu 8500 laɪnz stɑp æt ɛʤ, ˈpræktɪkəli ənˈhərd əv fər ə frəm ə ˈmeɪʤər ˌmænjəˈfækʧərər ðiz deɪz). ˈmərsɪfəˌli, səm ˌjʊrəˈpiənz gɑt ə teɪst wɪθ ˈsərtən ˈvɛriənts əv ðə 8700 ðət səˈpɔrtɪd 2100 bət əˈmɛrɪkənz wʊd stɪl hæv jɪrz tɪ 2006 ˈɛvəri ˈkɛriər ðət ˈɔfərd ˈblækˌbɛri wɑz mɔr ðən ˈhæpi tɪ sɛl ə 7100 ər 8700 tɪ ʤoʊ ˈsɪkˌspæk, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˈkɔrpərət əˌfɪliˈeɪʃən. rɪm ənd ɪts ˈpɑrtnərz hæd dən ə ˈdisənt ʤɑb əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt klɪr tɪ baɪərz ðət ju ˈdɪdənt nid tɪ wɛr ə sut, oʊn ən ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ əˈkaʊnt, ər gɪt pərˈmɪʃən frəm jʊr ɪt ˈoʊvərˌlɔrdz tɪ ˈpərʧəs, juz, ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ə ˈblækˌbɛri əv jʊr oʊn. ˈprɑbləm wɑz, rɪm hæd ˈnɛvər dɪˈzaɪnd ənd bɪlt ə kənˈsumər dɪˈvaɪs. ðə 7100 keɪm wɪˈθɪn ˈɪrˌʃɑt, bət baɪ 2006 taɪmz hæd ʧeɪnʤd ju ˈkʊdənt pʊt ə foʊn (smɑrt ər ˈəðərˌwaɪz) ɔn ðə ʃɛlf wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈkæmərə ənd ə ˈhænsəm dɪˈzaɪn ənd ɪkˈspɛkt ɪt tɪ sɛl ɔl ʧeɪnʤd ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər əv 06 wɪθ ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ðə 8100 ˈsɪriz, ə foʊn wi wʊd kəm tɪ noʊ ˈbɛtər ɛz ðə pərl ðə fækt ðət ðɪs wɑz fərst ˈhændˌsɛt ˈkrɪsənd wɪθ ə brænd neɪm ˌəndərˈskɔrd ɪts ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd ˈtərgət ˈɔdiəns: ðɪs wɑz ˈsɑlədli ə kənˈsumər dɪˈvaɪs. əˈdɑptɪŋ ðə ˈɪnˌpʊt ˈsɪstəm fərst sin ɔn ðə 7100 ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt skrimd ɪts kənˈsumər ruts frəm ðə sˈnæzi ˈkələr ˈpælət tɪ ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ə ˈkæmərə ə ˈblækˌbɛri fərst. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ mɑrkt ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ðə ˈtrækˌbɔl, ən ˈətərli juˈnik ˈfiʧər fər ə foʊn æt ðə taɪm ənd ðə ˈʤɛnəsəs əv ðə "pərl" neɪm; ɪt wɑz ðə fərst taɪm rɪm hæd ɪmˈplɔɪd dɪˈrɛkʃɪnəl ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən əv ˈɛni kaɪnd, ɪn fækt, ənd ɛz ɪt tərnz aʊt, ðeɪ ˈwʊdənt lʊk wi noʊ təˈdeɪ, ðə pərl wʊd bɪˈkəm ə dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ foʊn fər rɪm ɪts oʊn ɪn ə weɪ, bət wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈbrutəl ˈdaʊnˌsaɪd ðən ˌmoʊtərˈoʊlə wʊd goʊ ɔn tɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns. ˈvərʒənz əv ðə ˈhændˌsɛt wər soʊld ɔn ˈvərʧuəli ˈɛvəri ˈkɛriər ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə ənd ɪn ˈmɛni loʊˈkælz əraʊnd ðə wərld; səm əv ðoʊz ər stɪl soʊld təˈdeɪ, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə ˈklæmˌʃɛl ˈvərʒən ɪn ðə 8200 ˈsɪriz. ðə dɪˈzaɪn wɑz soʊ ˈpɑpjələr, ɪn fækt, ðət rɪm tʊk ə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ swɑp aʊt ðə gəts əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl 8100 tɪ æd ɪn ə 2 ˈkæmərə, ˈwiˌfi, ənd ˈgipiˈɛs. ɪn ən ˈɪndəstri ɛz ˈbrutəl ənd ˈfɪkəl ɛz kənˈsumər ˈwaɪrlɪs, ɪt teɪks ˈnəθɪŋ lɛs ðən ə ˈmɪrəkəl tɪ kriˈeɪt ə dɪˈvaɪs wɪθ θri ˈsɑləd jɪrz əv ˈmɑrkɪt ðə pərl laɪn, rɪm ˈəltəmətli ʧoʊz tɪ splɪt ðə bəlk əv ɪts ˈbɪznɪs ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl fɔrm ˈfæktər ˈɪntu dɪˈstɪŋkt kənˈsumər- ənd ˈsɪriz ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ ðə kərv 8300 ənd 8800 ɪn ˈərli 2007 ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz, wiv gɔn ɔn tɪ ˈwɪtnəs ðə riˈlis əv tu mɔr kərvz ðə 8900 ənd 8500 əˈlɔŋ wɪθ θri mɔr proʊ ˈmɑdəlz, ˈspɔnɪŋ ðə boʊld ənd tʊr brændz. baɪ ðə ɛnd əv 2008 rɪm simd tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðə ˈfəzi laɪn bɪtˈwin ɪts tu ˈsɪriz baɪ ˈgɪvɪŋ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl boʊld ə neɪm, ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət hæd ˈpriviəsli bɪn rɪˈzərvd fər ðə mɔr kənˈsumər dɪˈvaɪsɪz. ˈpræktɪs əv ˌɛvəˈluʃən həz naʊ brɔt ˈjuˈɛs ðə brɔd əˈdɑpʃən əv 3g*, ənd ˈwiˌfi ˈreɪdiˌoʊz, ˈkæmərəz, ˈgɔrʤəs dɪˈspleɪz, ənd roʊˈbəst ˈɑptɪkəl ɪn pleɪs əv ðə ˈfɪnəki ˈtrækˌbɔlz əv oʊld, ɔl waɪl ˈpʊʃɪŋ ðə seɪm sɪˈkjʊrəti, kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən, ənd kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən ˈbɛnəfɪts ðət brɔt ðɛm ˌsupərˈstɑr ˈstætəs ə ˈdɛkeɪd ɪn ðə ˈərli deɪz əv ðə 6800 6200 ənd 7200 ðə ˈkəmpəniz wəns əˈgɛn ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm fər ˈdraɪvɪŋ ə θim ˈɪntu ðə graʊnd wən lʊk æt ðə ˈfæməli tri ˈstɑrkli ˈdɛmənˌstreɪts haʊ ˈlɪtəl həz ʧeɪnʤd ɪn ˈnɪrli θri jɪrz. ðə counterargument*, əv kɔrs, ɪz ðət ðeɪv ˈsɛtəld ɔn ə ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈfɔrmjələ, rɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ɪt jɪr ˈæftər jɪr wɪˈθaʊt ˈmɛsɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈrɛsəpi ðət meɪd ˌbɪljəˈnɛrz əv ənd balsillie*. wət saɪd əv ðə fɛns ju fɔl ɔn ɪz ˈvɛri məʧ ə ˈmætər əv ˈpərsɪnəl əˈpɪnjən, bət ɔn səm ˈlɛvəl, ɪt sɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈbaʊt wənz ˌpərsəˈnælɪti: ɪts ə ʧɔɪs bɪtˈwin ˌproʊdəkˈtɪvɪti ənd ˌməltiˈmidiə, vəˈnɪlə ənd ˈʧɔklət, fɔrd ənd ˈʧɛˌvi. ə ˈblækˌbɛri kən bi jʊr mˈjuzɪk pleɪər ʤɪst ɛz ən ˈaɪˌfoʊn kən kəˈnɛkt tɪ jʊr ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ əˈkaʊnt ɪts ˈəltəmətli ə kˈwɛʃən əv praɪˈɔrətiz, ənd fər səm, iˈmeɪl ɪn ə ˈmoʊbəl dɪˈvaɪs ˈɪzənt ðə seɪm kaɪnd əv ˈmæsɪv, ðət ɪt wɑz tɛn jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ənd rɪm kænt lin ɔn ɪt ˈnɪrli ɛz ˈhɛvəli ɛz ɪt juzd tɪ fər seɪlz ˈivɪn ɪn ɪts trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈkɔrpərət ˈstrɔŋˌhoʊldz. ɪt nidz ˈpaʊərfəl, ˈsɛksi ˈprɑdəkts ðət kən kəmˈpit wɪθ ˈɛni ðə ˈɪndəstri həz tɪ ˈɔfər. tɪ ən ɪkˈstɛnt, ɪt həz ðoʊz wɪθ ˈmɑdərn sɛts laɪk ðə kərv 8900 ənd boʊld 9700 bət hɪrz ðə rəb: ðə kənˈsumər ˈmɑrkɪt həz meɪd ə ʃɑrp tərn təˈwɔrd təʧ ɪn ðə jɪrz sɪns ðə ˈaɪˌfoʊn həz bɪn əˈveɪləbəl. ɪts ə ˌsɛgˈmɛnt ðæts nɑt ʤɪst ˈdɪfəkəlt fər kəmˈpɛtɪtərz tɪ ˌɪgˈnɔr ɪts ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl. ˈænˌdrɔɪd, ɪˈdɪʃən, ənd ən ˈɛndləs ˈɔnsˌlɔt əv mɪd- tɪ haɪɛnd ˈvælədeɪt ɪt ənd meɪk ɪt ˈhɑrdər tɪ steɪ ˈrɛləvənt wɪˈθaʊt ɪt. soʊ haʊ dɪz ə ˈkəmpəˌni wɪθ ə hoʊst əv ˈpætənts rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ θəm bɔrdz ə ˈkəmpəˌni ðət həz bɪlt ɪts ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən ɔn ðə kˈwɑləti əv ɪts ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈɪnˌpʊt ˈmɛθədz ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz ɔn ˈsəmθɪŋ soʊ ˈfɔrən tɪ ɪts kɔr kˈwɛʃən rɪˈmeɪnz ˈlɑrʤli ˌəˈnænsərd ɛz wi ɛnd ðɪs fərst ˈdɛkeɪd əv ˈkələrfəl ɪgˈzɪstəns. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ðət tɔt ˈjuˈɛs wi kʊd bɛlt aʊt ˈmɛsɪʤɪz wɪθ tu θəmz ˈjuzɪŋ kiz noʊ ˈbɪgər ðən ɪˈreɪsər hɛdz ənd meɪd ˈjuˈɛs kreɪv ˈkɑnstənt iˈmeɪl ˈækˌsɛs frəm ðə bəs, ðə ˈɛrˌpɔrt, ðə ˈbæθˌrum, ənd ðə biʧ faɪndz ˌɪtˈsɛlf təˈdeɪ ɪn nid əv əˈnəðər gʊd nuz ɪz ðət rɪm ˈdəzənt roʊl ðə daɪs ˈvɛri ˈɔfən, bət wɪn ɪt dɪz, ɪt pleɪz fər kips; ðə 7100 ənd ðə pərl wər boʊθ ˈərli ˈɛvədəns əv ðət, ənd wɪr naʊ siɪŋ ðət ˈbreɪzən ˈætəˌtud əˈgɛn wɪθ ðə stɔrm laɪn. ðə ˈkəmpəniz ˈərli ˈfɔreɪz ˈɪntu təʧ ər ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈwɔtərˌlu wɛl ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ɪts ˈkəmfərt zoʊn ənd ðə fərst ˈmɑdəlz tɪ ˈmɑrkɪt wər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌjunəˈvərsəli pænd ɛz ˈfeɪljərz, bət ɪts nɑt ɔl glum ənd dum laɪk, ðə stɔrmz tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪz juˈnik ɪn ðə ˈɪndəstri, ənd ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr rəˈfaɪnmənt kʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli stɪl meɪk ɪt ðə ˈvərʧuəl ˈkiˌbɔrd ˈpaʊərˌhaʊs rɪm wɔnts ɪt tɪ 2005 rɪm hæd 4 ˈmɪljən səbˈskraɪbərz tɪ ɪts neɪm; ɪn 2009 ɪt ædz ˈoʊvər 4 ˈmɪljən səbˈskraɪbərz ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl kˈwɔrtər. ˈblækˌbɛri ˈɪzənt goʊɪŋ ˈɛniˌwɛr, ˈklɪrli, bət fər ə ˈkəmpəˌni ɪn pəˈzɪʃən, ˈrɛləvəns ɪz ə ˈdeɪli ˈbætəl ðət rikˈwaɪərz ə ˈdɛləkət mɪks əv ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən ənd rɪˈspɛkt fər ɔn ðət noʊt, rɪm, brɪŋ ɔn ðə nɛkst tɛn jɪrz ju meɪ hæv ˈkæləst ənd kræmpt ɑr θəmz, bət ju ˈhævənt ˈmænɪʤd tɪ dɪˈstrɔɪ ðɛm ʤɪst jɛt.
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It's the network, stupid
This is the landscape Canadian start-up Research In Motion faced at the tail end of the millennium. It seemed clear that "staying connected on the road" was the Next Big Thing -- email had finally started to become a standard in corporate communication, after all -- but the roadblocks were many and formidable. "Always on" cellular technologies like GPRS and 1xRTT weren't yet readily available, and circuit-switched data running over pervasive D-AMPS and CDMA networks was painfully slow and expensive -- not to mention a death wish for battery life.
Manufacturers and service providers took a two-pronged approach to overcoming the limitations: one, keep data consumption modest; and two, bypass the traditional cellphone networks altogether. Two-way paging networks like ReFLEX didn't have the bandwidth to handle the data demands of a late 1990s-era PDA with a big display, but DataTAC and Mobitex networks -- running at a blistering 19.2Kbps and 8Kbps, respectively -- were already widely deployed across North America. Neither technology had been conceived with consumer use in mind, but they were robust, proven, and most importantly, available.
Palm takes a leap of faith -- and falls flat
Riding a wave of commercial successes, Palm saw the writing on the wall and plunged head-first into the connected market with its Palm VII, which used a Mobitex-based service called Palm.net to offer bite-sized chunks of relevant data -- news headlines, weather, email, flight times, and the like -- on a device that resembled an overgrown Palm III with a flip-up antenna. The product was troubled from the start. Though Palm.net's heart-stoppingly expensive monthly pricing wasn't necessarily an issue for the business-minded target audience, the device relied on proprietary "web clippings" from content providers to reduce data consumption; if your favorite newspaper didn't work with Palm to develop a web clipping app, you were stuck using the shoddy WAP browser. What's more, despite its whopping $599 sticker price, it failed to borrow from the high-end Palm V's legendary industrial design. Palm hobbled along with two more Palm.net-compatible models, the VIIx and i705, before the GSM-based Tungsten W along with Treos obtained through its acquisition of Handspring overshadowed the dedicated network and doomed it to closure in 2004.
The BlackBerrys aren't ripe yet in Waterloo
Palm, of course, didn't need the Palm VII to succeed. The company would go on to see plenty of success from its traditional PDA business and -- eventually, anyway -- the Treo smartphones it was able to add to the line through its acquisition of Handspring. Meanwhile, the always-on, always-connected market was still waiting to be won, and RIM was perfectly positioned to take the prize. It had been making Mobitex radio modules for industrial systems for many years, and in 1995 had introduced its Inter@ctive Pager 900 -- a fairly revolutionary product that promised two-way email communication from a device small enough to fit on a belt holster. The technology was there -- RIM merely had to wait for email to become business-critical while working on making its hardware smaller, sexier, and ultimately, indispensable to anyone who picked it up.
In 1998, the Inter@ctive Pager 900 -- a bulky brick with a flip-top display -- was succeeded by the smaller Inter@ctive Pager 950. As its name implied, RIM considered the 900 and 950 pagers first, emailing devices second; paging was still a force to be reckoned with in the mid-90s (SMS was yet to become relevant in North America) and the company needed to identify with the paging crowd in order to find an audience. Indeed, RIM's own press release for the 950 proudly declared the device a "revolutionary two-way pager that allows users to both send and receive full-length, error-free, alphanumeric messages with guaranteed delivery."
The 950 retailed for $360 with plans starting at $25 a month through BellSouth, one of several companies that would ultimately become Cingular (and eventually AT&T Mobility, though Cingular's Mobitex network -- Cingular Interactive -- would be sold off prior to the name change). That pricing put the device well within the reach of any company who needed its employees a page (or an email) away. RIM estimated that some 80 percent of pages required a response -- and at a time when one-way pagers still dominated the belts of field techs, executives, and doctors, the 950 was priced right to steal some of that market. Even better, the 950 was barely larger than those one-way devices it sought to displace.
A legendary brand emerges
In early 1999, RIM was in fat city. It was coming off a record quarter of earnings thanks to brisk sales of its handhelds and new contracts for its wireless modems, but it wasn't standing still. On January 19 of that year, the company made a bold declaration: email's the future. The Inter@ctive Pager devices were excellent two-way pagers, yes, but that wasn't where the market was going -- and RIM knew that it already had a powerful framework for mobile email in play. It introduced a tight little solution called "BlackBerry," which essentially bundled a version of its Inter@ctive Pager 950 with a PC dock, a new service for synchronizing to Microsoft Exchange accounts, and optionally, a product called BlackBerry Enterprise Server geared at corporations looking to manage fleets of these devices.
Unlike the Palm VII, BlackBerry didn't try to be fancy -- no "web clippings," no huge touchscreen, no handwriting recognition, and no massive flip-up antenna. Instead, RIM's device was almost singly focused on delivering a killer email experience with a scroll wheel, relatively comfortable QWERTY keyboard, and true push service (something many other platforms are still trying to get right ten years later, interestingly). For suits who'd been sucked into the Exchange ecosystem for corporate email, BlackBerry was a brave new world -- a chance to untether -- and they came calling in droves.
And that was just the first couple months of the year. Later in 1999, RIM would release the Inter@ctive Pager 850, which expanded BlackBerry's North American footprint by bringing the technology to DataTAC networks in the US and Canada (battery life dropped from the 950's claimed three weeks to just one week, but the 850's support for rechargeable NiMH packs made it a bit more palatable). Shortly thereafter, the company announced that it would adopt Sun's Java 2 Micro Edition platform for third-party development in its devices, and -- for better or worse -- BlackBerry developers write in Java to this day.
A form factor more familiar
By 2000, BlackBerry had cemented itself as a power brand -- a corporate status symbol. Paging was on the way out, and RIM had somehow expertly ridden the wave right into mobile email as though that had been its plan all along. Thing is, the display on the 850 and 950 models -- a carry-over from the Inter@ctive Pager days -- wasn't particularly well-suited for reading emails, which tended to be longer and richer than old-school pages. The solution? A much, much larger display.
RIM introduced the BlackBerry 957 in concert with BlackBerry OS 2.0 in April of 2000. It would prove to be a landmark device for RIM, though it may not have seemed that way at the time. At its release, it was little more than an overgrown 950, but unlike its little brother, the 957's basic form factor would ultimately stand the test of time -- and if you let your eyes go out of focus just a bit, you can actually see the beginnings of the ubiquitous user interface found on every BlackBerry sold today.At this point, carriers and content partners were really starting to get it: to borrow a phrase from a 2000 press release detailing a new partnership with Nortel, RIM was becoming a champion of the "always on, always connected" internet, and everyone wanted in on the mojo (Nortel had just invested $25 million in RIM; ironically, RIM would try to buy a large chunk of Nortel's bankrupt remains just nine years later). Rogers (then Rogers AT&T), Bell Mobility, and BT were among the heavyweight networks to welcome BlackBerry to their lineups. AOL created a version of AOL Instant Messenger for the platform, and RIM started bundling its first web browser with the 950 and 957, though using it ran a stiff $9.95 a month -- for 25KB. Yes, twenty-five whopping kilobytes! Fortunately, unlimited service was available for another $10, although it's amusing to think that wireless data devices were ever rudimentary enough, mobile content services simple enough, and networks slow enough to justify a service that allotted just a few thousand bytes every month.Today, cloud computing is a fact of life; if you use Gmail, Facebook, Flickr, or any of their contemporaries, much of what makes you who you are is stored in some nebulously-defined network of servers you'll never see -- computers that look like overgrown refrigerators, sound like jet engines, and live in cold, windowless facilities close to power plants and jaw-droppingly fast internet connections. In 2001, the cloud as we know it today was just an idea on a whiteboard (and no one was calling it "the cloud") but BlackBerry customers were starting to taste bits and pieces of the experience.RIM used CTIA Wireless in Vegas that year as the venue to introduce the next iteration of its connected experience: wireless calendar synchronization. Up until this point, the BlackBerry platform had been about email first, everything else second (and really, you could argue that's still the code RIM lives by today), but the company was starting to acknowledge that a businessperson's mobile office was about more than messaging -- and it's not always convenient to pop open the laptop to check the day's schedule. Besides, while RIM was making wireless data a mainstream concept in the pocket, laptop data cards were still exceedingly rare. Of course, your average Joe off the street still couldn't walk into their carrier's shop, buy a BlackBerry, and get their personal Outlook calendar delivered over the aether -- but for corporate customers with Exchange and BES installations, things were really getting interesting.BlackBerry didn't just commoditize mobile email or connected organization -- it helped pioneer the very concept of "push." Push continues to be an elusive, contentious technology for users of many systems, devices, and mobile platforms to this day -- the idea that you get new content pushed to you as it happens, rather than waiting until you request it -- but RIM was well ahead of the game here, touting its push technology by name as early as 2001. If someone shot you an email, you had it immediately. Meeting requests zipped down to you the second they were made. Of course, push would ultimately go on to become one of BlackBerry's hallmarks and one of the major reasons users continue to cite for steadfastly refusing to try other platforms, no matter how outdated RIM's well-worn interface may now seem by modern standards -- it's a really powerful selling point.2001 marked a number of important new partnerships for RIM, too, including VoiceStream (which would ultimately become T-Mobile USA) and Italy's TIM. Maybe more interesting, though, was an announcement the company made at the very tail end of the year: it'd be developing a device compatible with Motorola's iDEN network technology in partnership with Nextel. iDEN's claim to fame, of course, was (and still is) its push-to-talk interface -- so did this mean that a hybrid BlackBerry cellphone was in the works? Smartphones were still a novelty at the time and heavyweights like Microsoft hadn't yet come to play ball, but the synergy was pretty obvious: road warriors do their email and take conference calls from the back of the cab on the way to LAX, after all.For RIM, the decade has been filled with seemingly countless bouts of Law & Order-worthy courtroom drama, a theme that can trace its origins to November of 2001 when IP holding firm NTP -- whose mere mention causes knee-jerk grumbles of "patent troll!" in some circles -- filed its first lawsuit against the company. The suit focused on technologies surrounding the wireless transmission of email, which... well, kind of sums up RIM's entire business model, so the spat naturally garnered its fair share of attention. After some four and a half years of legal action, tentative settlements, and breakdowns, RIM and NTP finally came to terms to the tune of $612.5 million -- considerably less than the $1 billion NTP had originally wanted, but still a breathtaking sum for a company that had done little more than sit on some purely theoretical technology.Of course, RIM was sitting on an enviable IP portfolio of its own by this point, and that portfolio was starting to pay dividends right around the time of NTP's original filing. 2002 saw a licensing agreement take hold with Palm (without which the Treo line's famously good keyboards would've had a hard time existing) and a series of claims filed against upstart rival Good Technology -- which at the time was working on a suspiciously BlackBerry-esque device called the G100 to accompany its server-side suite that duplicated much of RIM's functionality. Good would ultimately go on to abandon the G100 to focus strictly on software and services and undergo a couple takeovers -- most recently by well-known patent plaintiff Visto -- so the rough-and-tumble hardware biz clearly hadn't treated them with as much kindness as it had RIM.2002 would prove to be a watershed year for the smartphone. Nokia's Communicator line had been around since the 1990s, but its models were niche devices -- bulky beasts that didn't function very well as phones, PDAs, or computers -- and they clearly weren't the catalyst the industry (and consumers) needed to take the concept mainstream.Following news late in 2001 that there'd be a BlackBerry coming to Nextel's iDEN network, a flurry of press releases hit in the first part of '02 touting that new handhelds with "data and voice services" would be made available on carriers around the world; AT&T in the States and Rogers AT&T in Canada both followed Nextel's lead in committing to offering them. Nextel's announcement was especially positive, dropping the bombshell that the companies had signed a "multi-year" agreement to supply iDEN-powered BlackBerrys to the network. Of course, that agreement must've worked out pretty well for everyone involved, seeing how the relationship continues to the present day.Well, at first, it turns out that RIM really wouldn't be helping mainstream smartphone adoption any more than Nokia had. RIM's very first voice-enabled BlackBerry handset -- the 5810 -- debuted on Rogers AT&T in April of 2002 for a stiff CAD $750 (about $715 at today's conversion rates), looking like nothing more than a 957 with a headset jacked into it.That's because it was nothing more than a 957 with a headset jacked into it.Just as wireless calendar synchronization had taken a back seat to email, RIM was now treating another critically important function -- voice -- as an afterthought. The all-important messaging experience was as good on the 5810 as it was on any BlackBerry before it, but everything about the glued-on phone functionality screamed "usability nightmare," from the non-numeric pad digit layout to the handsfree permanently wired into place (well, not permanently, but it may as well have been as long as you wanted to use the device as a phone). Bluetooth and integrated speakerphones were yet to become must-have features in 2002, and you certainly weren't going to find them here.The engineers up at RIM headquarters weren't taking a breather, though -- far from it. The early part of the decade was a pretty magical time for wireless, for mobile, and for gadgetry in general; a primordial soup of paradigm-shifting technologies were all rapidly coming to fruition at the same time -- everything from cheap, high-quality color LCDs to lithium-ion polymer batteries and broadly-available data networks -- and phones from all companies were being developed, announced, and released more rapidly than they ever had been before. Gone were the days of owning a DynaTAC for eight years or a StarTAC for four -- useful innovation was simply coming to market too quickly for consumers (or manufacturers) to get comfortable for more than a year or two at a stretch.Make no mistake, it was a fun (if not terribly expensive) time to be paying attention to the market. Just six months -- yes, merely half a year -- after launching its first voice-capable BlackBerry, RIM gave the people what they really wanted: the 6800 series, introduced at CTIA in October of 2002. Unlike the awkward 5810, the 6810 and 6820 brought a proper earpiece to the equation, finally consummating the marriage of cellphone and connected organizer in a proper, usable way. Though some of BlackBerry's most important developments were yet to come, you could argue that this was RIM's turning point -- the single, common ancestor to which every modern BlackBerry can trace its lineage.At this point, the industry's starting to show some early glimmers of awareness: it turns out that people like having their phone, their email, and their calendar in a single, pocketable device. Go figure! Of course, RIM wasn't the only company having this revelation in 2002; Palm founder Jeff Hawkins' pet project, Handspring, was just coming to market around the same time with the first members of its sexy, fully-integrated Treo line.The first Treos -- the 180 and 180g -- were forgettable (particularly the 180g, which tragically required Palm's classic Graffiti handwriting input for text entry), but before the end of the year, the 270 (for GSM networks) and 300 (for CDMA) were both shipping. That's where things started to get interesting. These suckers had color displays and at least pretended to do a decent job of web browsing using the company's Blazer app -- something RIM couldn't really claim with the 6800. The 270 and 300 were so interesting, in fact, that they ultimately led directly to the release of the Treo 600 the following year, one of the most significant and influential smartphones ever released (it was so influential, in fact, that its genes still live on today in Palm's Treo Pro).Even though RIM had just launched the 6810 and 6820, they were already looking outdated sitting on a table next to Handspring's (and later palmOne's) offerings. It didn't really matter, though; Waterloo's secret sauce lay as much in its robust server-side capabilities as it did in the hardware itself. What early BlackBerrys lacked in finesse, they made up for in manageability -- music to any IT staff's ears. Palm and Handspring, on the other hand, had both done a better job over the years of straddling the fence between office and home -- their devices had already been sold in big-box stores since the 90s, and the Treo seemed like a natural extension of that. Palm, of course, lacked a well-known, enterprise-friendly push email solution; for some, that was a deal breaker, but for others, the Treo's sex appeal made it the obvious choice.Indeed, RIM was still years away from hitting its stride with consumers; just like its predecessors, carriers were positioning the 6800 series toward businesspeople alone, but the strategy certainly seemed to be paying dividends. Before 2002 closed out, they'd go on to announce the 6510 for Nextel and the 6850 for Verizon -- the company's first CDMA device. The world had started the year with a selection of zero BlackBerry phones and ended it with five. The revolution had begun, and as it turned out, there was plenty of room in the market for RIM and Palm to both stake their claims -- the concept was still young, competition was yet to become fierce, and the target demographic was hungry for innovation. Both companies would go on to hold significant pieces of the pie among business users (particularly in North America) in the latter half of the decade.It wasn't just Handspring (and later palmOne) with skin in the game, either. Though it had a muted presence in North America, Nokia was jumping out to a commanding lead globally on the strength of its Symbian-based Series 60 platform, a lighter-weight derivative of the Series 80 core used on the Communicator series. By the end of 2003, some estimates had its smartphone market share near a staggering 90 percent worldwide. That's a stat you can't ignore, and RIM was eminently aware that it needed to capitalize on its "CrackBerry" reputation -- its strength as an enterprise software and services player -- and keep its hardware ego in check. Sure, it now had several phones in the market, but so did everyone else -- so why try to beat 'em if you can just join 'em and still make money?To that end, early '03 saw the introduction of BlackBerry Connect on Symbian, bringing BlackBerry's then-legendary corporate email capabilities to a seemingly limitless firehose of Nokia devices (along with a couple Sony Ericssons) and potentially upping RIM's profile in the all-important European theater. It also hit Windows Mobile and Palm OS the same year, cementing BlackBerry's status as a platform, not just a line of devices. The Connect solution would ultimately never gain the same level of popularity as the company's handsets would for hooking up to BlackBerry servers, but from RIM's perspective, that's probably just as well -- they saw it as a win-win opportunity, and Nokia, Microsoft, and Palm very likely did as well.Even in these early years, RIM had already reinvented itself a couple times; gone were the days of "BlackBerry" meaning a small, ugly, all-black pager with all the ergonomics of a VAX that you could only get (and probably were forced to take) through your employer. Thanks likely to the introduction of its range of smartphones in the prior few months, 2003 would be the year that the company started to finally dip its toe in what it called the "prosumer" market -- customers that weren't necessarily being offered a BlackBerry as part of an IT-managed fleet at their company, but still really needed (and were willing to pay for) always-on push email. Cingular, T-Mobile, and others started to introduce POP and IMAP email access on their BlackBerry devices early that year, marking the first time they were viable options for one-off buyers. Paying $30 a month for a mere 3MB of data service on top of a voice plan -- as Cingular was doing at the time -- was still a foreign concept to 99 percent of the non-enterprise market, but it marked one of the first early steps in acclimating end users to the idea. Today, even for a high-feature dumbphone, $70 is a reasonable charge for monthly service and $120 or more isn't unheard of -- it's a trade-off we've collectively made to be connected all of the time, and RIM helped blaze that wallet-emptying trail.RIM continued to press as hard on the hardware front in 2003 as it had in 2002, proving it wouldn't let its hardware go quietly into the night and transform into a software firm the same way Good would. The new 6200 series took baby steps toward the classic BlackBerry look we all know today by lightening and shrinking the package, squishing the 6800's display down to a more typical landscape aspect ratio, and making it more functional than ever by stuffing in more RAM and introducing integrated attachment viewing.Just a few months later, the company would introduce the 7200 series, its very first color models -- but they wouldn't look very familiar to a modern-day Bold owner. Instead, the 7200 was nearly a dead ringer for its lower-end 6200 cousin, swapping out the low-resolution monochrome display for a 65,000-color one that clocked in at just 240 x 160 pixels -- brutal by modern standards. The crappy resolution on the new model could be chalked up in part to the fact that the screen was transflective, a sunlight-viewable tech that has been all but abandoned in modern smartphones because they simply don't pony up sufficient eye candy -- these days, you need HVGA or WVGA resolution and killer contrast ratios to earn respect and market share.The 7250 would also be RIM's first EV-DO-capable handset, but taken as a whole, the series seemed built less to knock socks off and more simply to appease the market's calls for a color BlackBerry. In a way, it would mark the beginning of an age of R&D conservatism in Waterloo that plagues the company to this very day.The year is 2004. Palm OS would arguably reach its zenith with the introduction of the Treo 650 , a model that refined the well-received 600 in all the right ways (and brought about the slightly-curved QWERTY arrangement that most -- but not all -- future Palms would go on to use). RIM signed up its millionth subscriber early in the year, a sign of great things to come over the next twelve months; the company would be announcing new carrier deals in every corner of the world virtually every week, and the tall-display form factor introduced way back on the data-only 957 would have one last hurrah on the 7700 series. 2004 would also see the first speakerphone-enabled BlackBerry, Nextel's 7510 for iDEN. As with the 7200, RIM going all-in with groundbreaking design or functionality -- both of the new models looked virtually identical to the 6200 of old, not a good thing considering that the 6200 had already looked pretty outdated by the time it was released.The solution? Completely rethink the keyboard. RIM came out of its slumber and rocked the boat later in '04 more than it had since the announcement of its first phones by rolling out the 7100 line -- along with a little something called "SureType." Up until that point, each and every BlackBerry that came off the line used a traditional QWERTY thumb board; SureType turned things upside-down by doubling up two letters per key, a compromise between full QWERTY and the T9 / triple-tap world of numeric keypads. Beyond SureType, though, the 7100 was a radically different design for RIM -- its first that made concessions to appeal to consumers. It looked and worked vaguely like a phone. Though it hadn't yet succumbed to the d-pad trend, the 7100 also added dedicated Send and End keys above the keyboard and was marketed directly to consumers in T-Mobile, Cingular, Sprint, and Verizon stores. Put simply, it was a predecessor to the Pearl in every sense of the word -- RIM finally had its eye squarely on the consumer side of the market, and it'd end up paying off.BlackBerry was more popular than ever. In a year and a half, the service exploded from 1 million to over 4 million subscribers, but the time had come: RIM could no longer stretch the industrial design of the 6800 any further than it already had, and in late 2005 it finally took the bold (but totally necessary) step of redesigning its time-tested flagship from the ground up. Waterloo rode the resulting lineup -- the 8700 series -- to new heights, deploying on dozens of carriers around the world with a theme that mimicked the 7100 that had been unveiled a year prior. There were notable firsts: in North America, it became both the company's first EDGE-compliant handset and its first with a QVGA display. It was also the first QWERTY BlackBerry with a proper Send / End key arrangement; needless to say, the modern BlackBerry we know today cemented its ancestry right here.Though it supported EV-DO early on, RIM was much slower in taking up UMTS than most of its rivals, putting it at a distinct spec sheet disadvantage on Cingular in the US and virtually every carrier in Europe (even the 8900 and brand-new 8500 lines stop at EDGE, practically unheard of for a smartphone from a major manufacturer these days). Mercifully, some Europeans got a taste with certain variants of the 8700 that supported UMTS 2100 -- but Americans would still have years to wait.By 2006, every carrier that offered BlackBerry was more than happy to sell a 7100 or 8700 to Joe Six-Pack, regardless of corporate affiliation. RIM and its partners had done a decent job of making it clear to would-be buyers that you didn't need to wear a suit, own an Exchange account, or get permission from your IT overlords to purchase, use, and enjoy a BlackBerry of your own. Problem was, RIM had never designed and built a no-compromises consumer device. The 7100 came within earshot, but by 2006, times had changed -- you couldn't put a phone (smart or otherwise) on the shelf without a camera and a handsome design and expect it to sell itself.That all changed in September of '06 with the introduction of the 8100 series, a phone we would come to know better as the Pearl . The fact that this was RIM's first handset christened with a brand name underscored its intended target audience: this was solidly a consumer device. Adopting the SureType input system first seen on the 7100, everything about it screamed its consumer roots from the snazzy color palette to the presence of a 1.3 megapixel camera -- a BlackBerry first. It also marked the introduction of the trackball, an utterly unique feature for a phone at the time and the genesis of the "Pearl" name; it was the first time RIM had employed front-facing directional navigation of any kind, in fact, and as it turns out, they wouldn't look back.As we know today, the Pearl would become a defining phone for RIM -- its own RAZR , in a way, but without the brutal downside than Motorola would go on to experience. Versions of the handset were sold on virtually every carrier in North America and in many locales around the world; some of those are still sold today, including a clamshell version in the 8200 series. The design was so popular, in fact, that RIM took a mid-cycle opportunity to swap out the guts of the original GSM-flavored 8100 to add in a 2 megapixel camera, WiFi, and GPS. In an industry as brutal and fickle as consumer wireless, it takes nothing less than a miracle to create a device with three solid years of market longevity.Outside the Pearl line, RIM ultimately chose to split the bulk of its business -- the traditional QWERTY form factor -- into distinct consumer- and pro-oriented series starting with the Curve 8300 and 8800 in early 2007. Over the years, we've gone on to witness the release of two more Curves -- the 8900 and 8500 -- along with three more pro models, spawning the Bold and Tour brands. By the end of 2008, RIM seemed to acknowledge the fuzzy line between its two QWERTY series by giving the original Bold a name, something that had previously been reserved for the more laid-back consumer devices. RIM's practice of slow-but-steady evolution has now brought us the broad adoption of 3G, dual-mode and WiFi radios, autofocus cameras, gorgeous high-res displays, and robust optical trackpads in place of the finicky trackballs of old, all while pushing the same back-end security, collaboration, and communication benefits that brought them superstar status a decade ago.As in the early days of the 6800, 6200, and 7200, the company's once again taking criticism for driving a theme into the ground -- one look at the family tree starkly demonstrates how little has changed in nearly three years. The counterargument, of course, is that they've settled on a winning formula, refining it year after year without messing with the recipe that made billionaires of co-CEOs Lazaridis and Balsillie. What side of the fence you fall on is very much a matter of personal opinion, but on some level, it says something about one's personality: it's a choice between productivity and multimedia, vanilla and chocolate, Ford and Chevy. A BlackBerry can be your music player just as an iPhone can connect to your Exchange account -- it's ultimately a question of priorities, and for some, allegiances.Push email in a mobile device isn't the same kind of massive, paradigm-changing differentiator that it was ten years ago, and RIM can't lean on it nearly as heavily as it used to for sales -- even in its traditional corporate strongholds. It needs powerful, sexy products that can compete head-to-head with any smartphone the industry has to offer. To an extent, it has those with modern QWERTY sets like the Curve 8900 and Bold 9700 , but here's the rub: the consumer market has made a sharp turn toward touch in the two-plus years since the iPhone has been available. It's a segment that's not just difficult for competitors to ignore -- it's impossible. Android, S60 5th Edition, and an endless onslaught of mid- to high-end featurephones validate it and make it harder to stay relevant without it. So how does a company with a host of patents regarding QWERTY thumb boards -- a company that has built its reputation on the quality of its physical input methods -- capitalize on something so foreign to its core competency?That question remains largely unanswered as we end this first decade of BlackBerry's colorful existence. The company that taught us we could belt out messages with two thumbs using keys no bigger than eraser heads and made us crave constant email access from the bus, the airport, the bathroom, and the beach finds itself today in need of another revolution.The good news is that RIM doesn't roll the dice very often, but when it does, it plays for keeps; the 7100 and the Pearl were both early evidence of that, and we're now seeing that brazen attitude again with the Storm line. The company's early forays into touch are taking Waterloo well outside its comfort zone and the first models to market were almost universally panned as usability failures, but it's not all gloom and doom -- like SureType, the Storm's SurePress technology is unique in the industry, and a little more refinement could probably still make it the virtual keyboard powerhouse RIM wants it to be.In 2005, RIM had 4 million subscribers to its name; in 2009, it adds over 4 million subscribers in a single quarter. BlackBerry isn't going anywhere, clearly, but for a company in RIM's position, relevance is a daily battle that requires a delicate mix of innovation and respect for tradition.And on that note, RIM, bring on the next ten years -- you may have calloused and cramped our thumbs, but you haven't managed to destroy them just yet.
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ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈmɑrkɪt əˈbjuzərz kʊd feɪs ə ˈmɪnəməm əv fɔr jɪrz ɪn ʤeɪl ˈəndər nu plænz ˈvoʊtɪd θru ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈpɑrləmɛnt ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ əˈmɪd ə strɪŋ əv ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈskændəlz. ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈjunjən (eu*) -waɪd lɔz wɪl fɔrs ˈnæʃənəl ˈgəvərnmənts tɪ ˌɪmˈpoʊz ə ˈmɪnəməm əv fɔr jɪrz ʤeɪl taɪm fər "ˈsɪriəs əˈfɛnsɪz" səʧ ɛz məˈnɪpjəˌleɪtɪŋ ðə ˈliˌbɔr ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrk. ˈʤəʤɪz kən əp ðə ʤeɪl ˈsɛntəns ɪf ðeɪ si fɪt. əˈməŋ ðə əˈfɛnsɪz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə lɔ ər ˈpleɪsɪŋ ən ˈɔrdər wɪʧ gɪvz fɔls ər mɪsˈlidɪŋ ˈsɪgnəlz əˈbaʊt ðə səˈplaɪ ər dɪˈmænd əv ə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈɪnstrəmənt ər prəˈvaɪdɪŋ fɔls ər mɪsˈlidɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ məˈnɪpjəˌleɪt ðə ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən əv ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrks, səʧ ɛz ðə ˈliˌbɔr ər euribor*. "ˈkrɪmənəlz hu gɪt rɪʧ baɪ məˈnɪpjəˌleɪtɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪts ənd ˌɪnˈsaɪdər ˈdilɪŋ ʃʊd nɑt gɪt əˈweɪ wɪθ ʤɪst ən ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv ˈpɛnəlti," ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈmɛmbər əv ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈpɑrləmɛnt (mep*) ˈɑˌrlin məˈkɑrθi, sɛd ɪn ə prɛs riˈlis.
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financial market abusers could face a minimum of four years in jail under new plans voted through the european parliament on tuesday amid a string of financial scandals.
the european union (eu) -wide laws will force national governments to impose a minimum of four years jail time for "serious offenses" such as manipulating the libor benchmark. judges can up the jail sentence if they see fit.
among the offenses included in the law are placing an order which gives false or misleading signals about the supply or demand of a financial instrument or providing false or misleading information to manipulate the calculation of benchmarks, such as the libor or euribor.
"criminals who get rich by manipulating markets and insider dealing should not get away with just an administrative penalty," british member of european parliament (mep) arlene mccarthy, said in a press release.
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ðə braʊn gərl ɪn ðə ˈmɪrər stʊd ˈlʊkɪŋ bæk æt mi. lɔŋ blæk hɛr, bɪg braʊn aɪz ənd dip ˈdɪmpəlz wɪn ʃi smaɪld. ʃi ˈwəzənt sˈmaɪlɪŋ naʊ. "aɪ wɪʃ aɪ wɑz waɪt mɑm," ʃi toʊld mi, ɛz wi stʊd saɪd baɪ saɪd ɪn frənt əv ðə ˈbæθˌrum ˈvænɪti. "ɪf aɪ wɑz waɪt, ˈpipəl ˈwʊdənt θɪŋk aɪ kʊd bi ə ˈtɛrərɪst ʤɪst baɪ ˈlʊkɪŋ æt mi. hæf əv ðə ˈkəntri ˈwʊdənt heɪt mi ʤɪst bɪˈkəz əv ðə weɪ aɪ lʊk." ɛz aɪ wɔʧt ðə ɪˈlɛktərəl voʊts sˈloʊli tɪp ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ˈdɑnəld trəmp ɔn ɪˈlɛkʃən naɪt, aɪ nu ðət aɪ wʊd bi ˈhævɪŋ ə təf ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ maɪ tu ˈoʊldəst ˈʧɪldrən ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ wɛnt tɪ skul ðə nɛkst ˈmɔrnɪŋ. waɪl stɪl ˈoʊnli 13 ənd 9 maɪ ˈdɔtər ənd maɪ sən ˈfɑloʊd ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈkloʊsli ənd traɪd tɪ meɪk sɛns əv ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈrɛtərɪk. ɛz ˈʧɪldrən, ðeɪ ˈkʊdənt ˈfʊli ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnd ðə ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi ˈoʊvər ˈiˌmeɪl ˈsərvərz ər ˈɪnˌkəm tæks ˈsteɪtmənts. ðeɪ hæd ˈlɪtəl ˈkɑntɛkst ɔn juz. riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ˈrəʃə ər ˈnæftə. ðeɪ ˈdɪdənt ˌəndərˈstænd ðə ˌɪmˈpækts əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈpɑləsiz ɔn ˈwərkɪŋ klæs əˈmɛrɪkənz. maɪ kɪdz' ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ˈpɑləˌtɪks ˈsoʊəli riˈvɑlvd əraʊnd ðə ˈmænər ɪn wɪʧ ˈpipəl wər biɪŋ dɪˈskəst. ðeɪ ˌəndərˈstʊd ðət wən ˈkænədɪt kɔld ˈmɛksɪkənz ˈreɪpɪsts ənd vaʊd tɪ bæn ˈməzlɪmz. ðeɪ ˌkɑmprɪˈhɛndɪd ðət ðə ˈəðər ˈkænədɪt rɪˈpitɪdli pleɪst ə hɑrʃ ˈbərdən ɔn ˈməzlɪm əˈmɛrɪkənz tɪ stænd ɔn ðə frənt laɪnz əv ˈtɛrər, ˈsəmˌhaʊ ˌɪmˈplaɪɪŋ ðət ðɛr meɪn ˈvælju ɛz əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsɪtɪzənz wɑz ɪn ðɛr roʊl ɪn ðə wɔr əˈgɛnst ˈtɛrər. fər maɪ kɪdz, ɪt wɑz ɔl əˈbaʊt reɪs ənd rɪˈlɪʤən. aɪ ˈdɪdənt ˈriəˌlaɪz haʊ məʧ maɪ ˈdɔtər ˌɪnˈtərnəˌlaɪzd ðət. ɛz ə ˈməzlɪm, ʃi ˈstrəgəlz tɪ faɪnd hər pleɪs ɪn ɑr ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli waɪt taʊn. ˈhævɪŋ lɪvd fər sɪks jɪrz ɪn ˈiʤɪpt ənd duˈbaɪ, hər ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈəpˌbrɪŋɪŋ meɪks hər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ bət sɛts hər əˈpɑrt frəm hər ˈklæsˌmeɪts. ɔl ʃi wɔnts ɪz tɪ fil əˈmɛrɪkən. bət ðɪs ɪˈlɛkʃən jɪr həz meɪd hər kˈwɛʃən wət ɪt minz tɪ bi əˈmɛrɪkən, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli wən əv ˈkələr. ˈwɑʧɪŋ waɪt trəmp səˈpɔrtərz ʧɪr ɛz ðɛr ˈkænədɪt ˈdɛnɪˌgreɪtɪd ˈmɛksɪkənz, ˈɪməgrənts ənd ˈməzlɪmz hɛlpt ʃeɪp hər ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv haʊ ə lɑrʤ ˌsɛgˈmɛnt əv ðə ˈkəntri vjuz ˈpipəl əv ˈkələr. siɪŋ blæk ˈproʊˌtɛstərz əˈtækt æt ˈræliz waɪl səˈpɔrtərz ˈpraʊdli weɪvd kənˈfɛdərˌeɪt flægz ˈklɪrli ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd hu həz ðə paʊər. aɪ kən si waɪ maɪ ˈdɔtər wʊd faɪnd ɪt ˈiziər tɪ ˈsɪmpli wɪʃ əˈweɪ hər ˈbjutəfəl tæn skɪn ˈkələr. ənˈdaʊtɪdli, ˈdɑnəld trəmps meɪn beɪs əv səˈpɔrt, ˈmɪdəlˈklæs waɪt mɛn wɪθ haɪ skul dɪˈploʊməz, həz ˈsəfərd ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz. ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ˈɪnˌkəm fər ðɪs grup plənʤd 9 pərˈsɛnt bɪtˈwin 1996 ənd 2014 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈrisərʧ, waɪl waɪt meɪl ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈgræʤəˌweɪts sɔ ðɛr ˈɪnˌkəm ʤəmp 24 pərˈsɛnt ɪn ðə seɪm ˈpɪriəd. noʊ ˈwəndər trəmp strək ə kɔrd wɪn hi sɛd hi wʊd meɪk əˈmɛrɪkə greɪt əˈgɛn. bət trəmp dɪd nɑt wɪn ðɪs ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈsoʊəli ɔn ðə bæks əv ðə ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪkli dɪsɪnˈfrænˌʧaɪzd. hi wən bɪˈkəz hi tæpt ˈɪntu ə fɪr əˈməŋ waɪt əˈmɛrɪkənz, əˈspɛʃəli əˈməŋ ðə ˈstrəgəlɪŋ ˈwərkɪŋ klæs, ðət ðə ˈkəntri ɪz sˈlɪpɪŋ aʊt əv ðɛr ˈfɪŋgərz ənd ˈɪntu ðə hænz əv ðə ˈəðər: ðə məˈnɔrətiz, ðə geɪz, ðə ˈɪməgrənts, ðə ʤuz, ðə ˈməzlɪmz. ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈɔfəs wɑz ˈfərðər ˈɛvədəns ðət ə nu ˌdɛməˈgræfɪk wɑz ˈgeɪnɪŋ ðə paʊər ənd kənˈtroʊl ðeɪ hæd lɔŋ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd. ənd fər səm ˈpipəl, ðət fɪr tərnd tɪ ˈsiðɪŋ ˈheɪtrəd ɛz ðɛr ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈprɑspɛkts sləmpt. trəmp juzd ðət tɪ hɪz ædˈvæntɪʤ. ɪt ˈdɪdənt ˈmætər ðət hi ˈnɛvər prəˈvaɪdɪd ə ˈkɑnkrit plæn tɪ lɪft ðə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈbərdən əv hɪz səˈpɔrtərz ˈlɪvɪŋ paycheck-to-paycheck*. hi geɪv ðɛm ˈsəmˌwən tɪ bleɪm, əˈlaʊɪŋ ðɛm tɪ ʃeɪk ɔf səm əv ðə ʃeɪm ðeɪ hæd fɛlt æt ðɛr oʊn ˈpərsɪnəl ˈfeɪljərz. hi meɪd ɪt əˈbaʊt reɪs. ðɛr həz bɪn ə lɔt əv ˈoʊvər ˈwɛðər trəmp səˈpɔrtərz ər ˈreɪsɪsts ənd ˈbɪgəts. səm fɔl ˈəndər ðət ˈkætəˌgɔri, ɛz ˈɛvɪdənst baɪ ˈfɔrmər ˈkeɪˈkeɪˈkeɪ grænd ˈwɪzərd ˈdeɪvɪd duks ˈɛfjusɪv ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən, wɛr hi ˈkrɛdɪtɪd "ɑr ˈpipəl" fər ðə wɪn. aɪ kən əˈʃʊr ju maɪ ˈfæməli ˈwəzənt ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn hɪz ˈpipəl. ənd ðə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ neɪm ˈfɔrmər ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈstivən ˈbænən ɛz hɪz ʧif ˈstrætɪʤɪst ə muv heɪld baɪ waɪt ˈnæʃənəlɪsts ɛz ˌriəˈfərmɪŋ trəmps kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ðɛr kɔz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈdəzənt du ɪm ˈɛni ˈfeɪvərz. bət wət əv ðoʊz ðət ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪnli ˈvoʊtɪd fər trəmp bɪˈkəz hi wɑz ənd simd tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðɛr peɪn? tɪ ðɛm, aɪ seɪ: ˈwɪlfəli ˌɪgˈnɔrɪŋ ə ˈkændədeɪts ˈbɪgətri bɪˈkəz ju laɪk ˈəðər ˈpɑləsi pɔɪnts meɪks ju kəmˈplɪsət ɪn ðət ˈbɪgətri. ðɛr ɪz noʊ greɪ ˈɛriə. trəmps ˈvɪktəri gɪvz ˈbɪgətri ənd ˈreɪˌsɪzəm ðə haɪəst stæmp əv əˈpruvəl. ənd hɪz səˈpɔrtərz ðoʊz hu ʧɪrd æt hɪz ˈræliz ər ˈsaɪləntli ˈsɪgnəld ðɛr əˈpruvəl ɪn ˈvoʊtɪŋ buθs hæv kriˈeɪtɪd ə ˈdɪfərənt əˈmɛrɪkə fər maɪ ˈdɔtər. ɪt ɪz ən əˈmɛrɪkə ɪn wɪʧ ʃi ˈwɪʃɪz tɪ bi waɪt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ bɪˈlɔŋ. ɪts ən əˈmɛrɪkə aɪ doʊnt ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz. ʃəˈhin ˈpɑʃə ɪz ən əˈsɪstənt prəˈfɛsər əv ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌmæsəˈʧusəts ˈæmərst. tˈwɪtər:
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the brown girl in the mirror stood looking back at me. long black hair, big brown eyes and deep dimples when she smiled. she wasn't smiling now.
"i wish i was white mom," she told me, as we stood side by side in front of the bathroom vanity. "if i was white, people wouldn't think i could be a terrorist just by looking at me. half of the country wouldn't hate me just because of the way i look."
as i watched the electoral votes slowly tip in favor of donald trump on election night, i knew that i would be having a tough conversation with my two oldest children before they went to school the next morning. while still only 13 and 9, my daughter and my son followed the presidential election closely and tried to make sense of the political rhetoric.
as children, they couldn't fully comprehend the controversy over e-mail servers or income tax statements. they had little context on u.s. relations with russia or nafta. they didn't understand the impacts of economic policies on working class americans.
my kids' understanding of politics solely revolved around the manner in which people were being discussed. they understood that one candidate called mexicans rapists and vowed to ban muslims. they comprehended that the other candidate repeatedly placed a harsh burden on muslim americans to stand on the front lines of terror, somehow implying that their main value as american citizens was in their role in the war against terror. for my kids, it was all about race and religion.
i didn't realize how much my daughter internalized that. as a third-generation pakistani-american muslim, she struggles to find her place in our predominantly white town. having lived for six years in egypt and dubai, her international upbringing makes her interesting but sets her apart from her classmates. all she wants is to feel american.
but this election year has made her question what it means to be american, particularly one of color. watching white trump supporters cheer as their candidate denigrated mexicans, immigrants and muslims helped shape her understanding of how a large segment of the country views people of color. seeing black protestors attacked at rallies while supporters proudly waved confederate flags clearly demonstrated who has the power.
i can see why my daughter would find it easier to simply wish away her beautiful tan skin color.
undoubtedly, donald trump's main base of support, middle-class white men with high school diplomas, has suffered in recent years. the associated press reported that inflation-adjusted income for this group plunged 9 percent between 1996 and 2014, according to sentier research, while white male college graduates saw their income jump 24 percent in the same period. no wonder trump struck a chord when he said he would make america great again.
but trump did not win this election solely on the backs of the economically disenfranchised. he won because he tapped into a fear among white americans, especially among the struggling working class, that the country is slipping out of their fingers and into the hands of the other: the minorities, the gays, the immigrants, the jews, the muslims. barack obama taking office was further evidence that a new demographic was gaining the power and control they had long enjoyed. and for some people, that fear turned to seething hatred as their economic prospects slumped.
trump used that to his advantage. it didn't matter that he never provided a concrete plan to lift the financial burden of his supporters living paycheck-to-paycheck. he gave them someone to blame, allowing them to shake off some of the shame they had felt at their own personal failures. he made it about race.
there has been a lot of back-and-forth over whether trump supporters are racists and bigots. some fall under that category, as evidenced by former kkk grand wizard david duke's effusive tweetstorm during the election, where he credited "our people" for the win. i can assure you my family wasn't included in his people.
and the decision to name former breitbart executive stephen bannon as his chief strategist -- a move hailed by white nationalists as reaffirming trump's commitment to their cause -- also doesn't do him any favors.
but what of those that genuinely voted for trump because he was anti-establishment and seemed to understand their pain? to them, i say: willfully ignoring a candidate's bigotry because you like other policy points makes you complicit in that bigotry. there is no gray area.
trump's victory gives bigotry and racism the highest stamp of approval. and his supporters -- those who cheered at his rallies or silently signaled their approval in voting booths -- have created a different america for my daughter.
it is an america in which she wishes to be white in order to belong. it's an america i don't recognize.
shaheen pasha is an assistant professor of journalism at the university of massachusetts amherst. twitter: @profpasha
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soʊl (ˈrɔɪtərz) saʊθ ˌkɔˈriən roʊ moo-hyun*, hu əˈpɛrəntli ʤəmpt tɪ hɪz dɛθ ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, roʊz tɪ ˈɔfəs ɛz ˈʧæmpiən əv ə ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ðət hɪt ðə strits tɪ faɪt fər dɪˈmɑkrəsi, bət lɛft ɪt ˈlɑrʤli ˈrɪtən ɔf ɛz ə feɪld ˈlidər. ə ˈlɔjər huz ˈfɔrməl ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈɛndɪd æt haɪ skul, moʊst ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪd ˈmoʊmənt keɪm wɪn hi wɛnt tɪ ˈpjɔŋˈjæŋ ɪn 2007 fər ə ˈsəmɪt wɪθ kɪm ɪn wət wɑz ˈoʊnli ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈmitɪŋ əv ˈlidərz əv ðə dɪˈvaɪdɪd pəˈnɪnsələ. ðə roʊ, 62 wən ðə 2002 ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən baɪ ˈraɪdɪŋ ə weɪv əv ənd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt tɪ ˈræli hɪz beɪs əv səˈpɔrtərz əv jəŋ prəˈfɛʃənəlz hu fɔt ɪn ðə dɪˈmɑkrəsi ˈmuvmənt. hɪz ˈvɪktəri səˈpraɪzd hɪmˈsɛlf ənd ðə ˈpəndɪts. dɪˈpɛndz 70 pərˈsɛnt ɔn lək ənd 30 pərˈsɛnt ɔn talent,”*,” roʊ sɛd ˈərli ɪn hɪz ˈprɛzɪdənsi. hi feɪst ən ˈərli ˈstəmbəl wɪn kənˈsərvətɪv əˈpoʊnənts ˌɪmˈpiʧt ɪm fər ə ˈmaɪnər ɪˈlɛkʃən lɔ ˌɪnˈfrækʃən ˈæftər hi hæd sərvd əˈbaʊt ə jɪr ɛz ˈprɛzɪdənt. ðə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl kɔrt ˈoʊvərˌtərnd ðə muv. roʊ roʊd ə brif weɪv əv səˈpɔrt bət sɔ hɪz ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti fɔl wɪθ ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈfilɪŋ hi wɑz əˈneɪbəl tɪ dɪˈlɪvər ɔn hɪz ˈplɛʤɪz tɪ ɛnd ˈriʤənəl ˈpɑləˌtɪks, sloʊ daʊn ˈrənəˌweɪ ˈprɑpərti ˈpraɪsɪz ənd meɪk fɔrθ ˈlɑrʤəst ɪˈkɑnəmi mɔr kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv. hi ɪz ˈkrɛdɪtɪd wɪθ ˈriʧɪŋ ə fri treɪd dil wɪθ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ˈklinɪŋ əp ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈsɪstəm ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt mɔr əˈkaʊntəbəl. hi wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈrɪdəˌkjuld fər traɪɪŋ tɪ fɔrm ə ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən wɪθ ðə kənˈsərvətɪv grænd ˈnæʃənəl ˈpɑrti ðət bɪˈkeɪm mɔr ˈpaʊərfəl ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz taɪm ɪn ˈɔfəs. hi wɑz ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ˈfɔrmər ˈbɪznɪsˌmæn li hu skɔrd ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈlænsˌlaɪd ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈoʊpən ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃənz ɔn ˈplɛʤɪz tɪ ənˈdu ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈpɑləsiz ənd ɛnd ðə ˌənkənˈdɪʃənəl eɪd hɪz ˈgəvərnmənt sɛnt tɪ nɔrθ ˌkɔˈriə. ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən ɛz ə rɪˈfɔrmər tʊk ə ˈhɛvi bloʊ wɪn ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz kˈwɛsʧənd ɪm ɪn ˈeɪprəl ɔn səˈspɪʃən hɪz ˈfæməli tʊk əˈbaʊt 6 ˈmɪljən ɪn braɪbz frəm ə ʃu ˈkəmpəˌni ˈsiˌiˈoʊ. roʊ wɑz bɔrn ɔn ˈɔgəst 6 1946 tɪ piʧ ənd ˈʧɪkən ˈfɑrmərz ɪn ðə ˌsaʊˈθistərn taʊn əv gimhae*. hɪz skul ˈrɛkərdz ˌɪnˈklud ə noʊt frəm hɪz fərst greɪd ˈtiʧər seɪɪŋ hi hæd ɪn ɔl ˈsəbʤɪkts, əˈspɛʃəli prɪˈzɛntɪŋ hɪz əˈpɪnjənz. roʊ, hu sɛd hi dru ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən frəm ˈlɔjər ənd ˈfɔrmər juz. ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈeɪbrəˌhæm ˈlɪŋkən, wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ pæs saʊθ ˈgruɪlɪŋ bɑr ɪgˈzæm ɔn hɪz oʊn. hi ˈleɪtər bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈjumən raɪts ˈlɔjər ənd wɑz ʤeɪld fər θri wiks ɪn 1987 fər ˈeɪdɪŋ ən ˌɪˈligəl straɪk. hi wən ə ˈpɑrləmɛnt sit ɪn 1988 ənd roʊz tɪ ˈstɑrdəm ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˌpɑrləˈmɛntəri kərˈəpʃən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ðə ˈprɛzɪdənsi əv ʧən du hwɑn. hi lɔst ə reɪs fər ə ˈpɑrləmɛnt sit ɪn 1992 bət steɪd ɪn ðə ræŋks əv ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ənd sərvd ɛz ə ˈfɪʃəriz ˈmɪnɪstər ˈəndər ˈprɛzɪdənt kɪm dae-jung*. ɛz ˈprɛzɪdənt, roʊ streɪnd taɪz wɪθ ðə ˈælaɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, waɪl ˈprɑmənənt ˈmɛmbərz əv hɪz ˈgəvərnmənt ˈlɛkʧərd əˈfɪʃəlz ɪn ðə ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əˈbaʊt ˈpɑləsi təˈwɔrd nɔrθ ˌkɔˈriə. roʊ, hu fɛlt ʤəˈpæn hæd nɑt peɪd ˈprɑpər kənˈtrɪʃən fər ɪts kəˈloʊniəl rul ˈoʊvər ˌkɔˈriə, ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈklɛrd hi wɑz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ faɪt ə ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk wɔr wɪθ ˈtoʊkiˌoʊ. roʊ hæd bɪn ˈlɪvɪŋ ə ˈpisfəl rɪˈtaɪərmənt ɪn hɪz ˈhoʊmˌtaʊn, wɛr hi smoʊkt ˌsɪgəˈrɛts ənd dræŋk ʧip ˈlɪkər wɪθ ˈloʊkəlz ɪn ˈkəntriˌsaɪd stɔrz. roʊ sɛd ɪn ə noʊt ˈrɪtən ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr hɪz dɛθ ənd ˈpəblɪʃt baɪ ˈjɑnˌhæp nuz ˈeɪʤənsi: hæv bɪn tu məʧ əv ən ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃən ɔn others.”*.” bleɪm ˈɛnibədi. feɪt. pliz ˈkrimeɪt mi. ənd pliz liv ə smɔl ˈtumˌstoʊn nɪr hoʊm. lɔŋ θɔt əˈbaʊt that.”*.”
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seoul (reuters) - south korean ex-president roh moo-hyun, who apparently jumped to his death on saturday, rose to office as champion of a generation that hit the streets to fight for democracy, but left it largely written off as a failed leader.
a self-taught lawyer whose formal education ended at high school, roh’s most celebrated moment came when he went to pyongyang in 2007 for a summit with kim jong-il in what was only the second meeting of leaders of the divided peninsula.
the left-leaning roh, 62, won the 2002 presidential election by riding a wave of anti-americanism and using the internet to rally his base of supporters of young professionals who fought in the 1980s democracy movement.
his victory surprised himself and the pundits.
“success depends 70 percent on luck and 30 percent on talent,” roh said early in his presidency.
he faced an early stumble when conservative opponents impeached him for a minor election law infraction after he had served about a year as president. the constitutional court overturned the move.
roh rode a brief wave of support but saw his popularity fall with the public feeling he was unable to deliver on his pledges to end regional politics, slow down runaway property prices and make asia’s fourth largest economy more competitive.
he is credited with reaching a free trade deal with the united states, cleaning up the election system and making the president more accountable.
he was also ridiculed for trying to form a coalition with the conservative grand national party that became more powerful during his time in office.
he was replaced by former businessman lee myung-bak who scored the biggest landslide in the country’s history of open presidential elections on pledges to undo roh’s economic policies and end the unconditional aid his government sent to north korea.
roh’s reputation as a reformer took a heavy blow when prosecutors questioned him in april on suspicion his family took about $6 million in bribes from a shoe company ceo.
self-taught
roh was born on august 6, 1946 to peach and chicken farmers in the southeastern town of gimhae. his school records include a note from his first grade teacher saying he had “talents in all subjects, especially presenting his opinions.
roh, who said he drew inspiration from self-taught lawyer and former u.s. president abraham lincoln, was able to pass south korea’s grueling bar exam on his own.
he later became a human rights lawyer and was jailed for three weeks in 1987 for aiding an illegal strike.
he won a parliament seat in 1988 and rose to stardom during a parliamentary corruption investigation into the 1980-1988 presidency of chun doo hwan. he lost a race for a parliament seat in 1992 but stayed in the ranks of left-leaning politicians and served as a fisheries minister under president kim dae-jung.
as president, roh strained ties with the country’s long-time ally the united states, while prominent members of his government lectured officials in the george w. bush administration about policy toward north korea.
roh, who felt japan had not paid proper contrition for its 1910-1945 colonial rule over korea, also declared he was willing to fight a diplomatic war with tokyo.
roh had been living a peaceful retirement in his hometown, where he smoked cigarettes and drank cheap liquor with locals in countryside stores.
roh said in a note written just before his death and published by yonhap news agency: “i have been too much of an imposition on others.”
“don’t blame anybody. it’s fate. please cremate me. and please leave a small tombstone near home. i’ve long thought about that.”
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aɪ hæd ðə ˈplɛʒər əv ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə ˈmænjəˌskrɪpt əv rɔs nu bʊk bæd rɪˈlɪʤən: haʊ wi bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈneɪʃən əv ˈhɛrɛtɪks (ðə fri prɛs, 2012 sˈleɪtɪd tɪ bi riˈlist ɔn ˈeɪprəl 17 aɪ æm goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈɑnər ðə ˈpəblɪʃərz rɪkˈwɛst ðət aɪ nɑt kwoʊt ər ˌrivˈju ðə bʊk ənˈtɪl ɪt ɪz ˈpəblɪʃt bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz stɪl biɪŋ ˈɛdɪtɪd. ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, aɪ wɔnt tɪ ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ ˈrɑsɪz ˈbeɪsɪk aɪˈdiəz bɪˈkəz aɪ θɪŋk ðeɪ ər proʊˈvɑkətɪv ənd bɪˈkəz ðɪs ɪz ɛˈsɛnʃəl ˈrɛdɪŋ fər ɔl ˈkrɪsʧɪnz ˈsikɪŋ tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪtiz riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp tɪ ˈkəlʧər ɪn ðə juz. ˈɛvriˌwən əˈgriz ðət ɑr ˈkəlʧər həz bɪˈkəm fɑr mɔr ˈsɛkjələr ənd ˈhɑstəl tɪ ˈkrɪsʧɪn feɪθ ˈoʊvər ðə pæst tu ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənz, bət wət ər ðə ˈfæktərz ˈkɔzɪŋ ðət ʧeɪnʤ? ˈmɛni ɪn ðə ˌivænˈʤɛlɪkəl ənd rɪˈfɔrmd wərld si ðə dɪˈklaɪn ˈstɑrtɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri wɪn moʊst əv ðə ˈmeɪnˌlaɪn dɪˌnɔməˈneɪʃənz ənd ðɛr əˈfɪliˌeɪtɪd ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz ənd faʊnˈdeɪʃənz fɛl ˈɪntu ðə hænz əv ˌθiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈmɑdərnɪsts ənd ˈlɪˌbərəlz. bət ɪt kænt bi ɛz ˈsɪmpəl ɛz ðət. ɪn hɪz fərst ˈʧæptər ˈdaʊθət lʊks æt fɔr ˈnibʊr fər ˈpaʊərfəl ˈmeɪnˌlaɪn ˈprɑtəstənˌtɪzəm, ˈbɪli græm fər ˈraɪzɪŋ evangelicalism*, ˈfʊltən ʃin fər ˈpɑpjələrli ɪnˈgeɪʤd kəˈθɔləˌsɪzəm, ənd ˈmɑrtɪn ˈluθər kɪŋ, jr*. fər ðə prəˈfɛtɪk ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkən ʧərʧ əv ðə ˈsɪvəl raɪts æt ˈsɛnʧəri ʃoʊd ðə ˈkəlʧərəl ənd ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl strɛŋθ əv ˈnɪrli ɔl ˈbrænʧɪz əv ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti. bət baɪ ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ɔl fɔr ˈbrænʧɪz əv ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti ər ˈfrægməntɪd, dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ, ənd ɪn ˌdɪsəˈreɪ, waɪl ðə ˈnəmbər əv əˈmɛrɪkənz hu seɪ ðeɪ hæv noʊ rɪˈlɪʤəs əˌfɪliˈeɪʃən ər ˈivɪn bɪˈlif ɪn gɑd ˈstɛdəli klaɪmz. ˈrɑbərt ˈpətnəm, ɪn əˈmɛrɪkən greɪs, ˈnuɑnsɪz ðɪs ə bɪt wɪn hi ˈɑrgjuz ðət ðə ˈmeɪnˌlaɪn ʧərʧ bɪˈgæn dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ fərst, ɪn ðə leɪt ənd 1970s*, waɪl ðə ˌivænˈʤɛlɪkəl ʧərʧ bɪˈgæn duɪŋ soʊ baɪ ðə 1990s*. ˈkæθlɪks hæv bɪn ˈbætərd wɪθ ə ˈdɪfərənt sɛt əv ˈprɑbləmz ənd soʊ həz ðə ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkən ʧərʧ, bət ðeɪ ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈdɛfənətli ˈluzɪŋ ˈɪnfluəns ənd ˈpipəl. faɪv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈkætəˌlɪsts ðət ʧeɪnʤd ðə ʧərʧ ɪn hɪz ˈsɛkənd ˈʧæptər, ˈdaʊθət əˈtrɪˌbjuts ðə ʧeɪnʤ tɪ faɪv ˈmeɪʤər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈkætəˌlɪsts ðət hæv geɪnd stim sɪns ðə: fərst, ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌpoʊlərɪˈzeɪʃən ðət həz əˈkərd bɪtˈwin ðə lɛft ənd raɪt dru ˈmɛni ˈʧərʧɪz ˈɪntu ɪt (ˈmeɪnˌlaɪn ˈprɑtəstənts təˈwɔrd ðə lɛft, ˌiˌvænˈʤɛlɪkəlz təˈwɔrd ðə raɪt). ðɪs həz ˈgreɪtli ˈwikənd ðə ˈʧərʧəz ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti ɪn ðə ˈbrɔdər ˈkəlʧər, wɪθ ˈmɛni vjuɪŋ ˈʧərʧɪz ɛz mɪr əˈpɛndɪʤɪz ənd pɔnz əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrtiz. ˈsɛkənd, ðə ˈsɛkʃuəl ˌrɛvəˈluʃən minz ðət ðə ˈbɪblɪkəl sɛks ˈɛθɪk naʊ lʊks ənˈriznəbəl ənd pərˈvərs tɪ ˈmɪljənz əv ˈpipəl, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti əˈpɪr ˌɪmˈplɔzəbəl, ənˈhɛlθi, ənd rəˈgrɛsɪv. θərd, ðə ˈɪrə əv ənd θərd wərld ɪmˈpaʊərmənt, təˈgɛðər wɪθ ðə dɔn əv ˌgloʊbəlɪˈzeɪʃən, həz ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˌɪmˈprɛʃən ðət ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti wɑz ““western”*” ənd səˈpɔrtɪv əv ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈrɛkərd əv ˈreɪˌsɪzəm, kəˈloʊniəˌlɪzəm, ənd anti-semitism*. ðə fɔrθ ˈfæktər həz bɪn ðə ɪˈnɔrmɪs groʊθ ɪn ðə kaɪnd əv məˈtɪriəl prɑˈspɛrəti ənd kənˈsumərˌɪzəm ðət ˈɔlˌweɪz wərks əˈgɛnst feɪθ ənd ˌəndərˈmaɪnz ˈkrɪsʧɪn kəmˈjunɪti. ðə fɪθ ˈfæktər ɪz ðət ɔl ðə ˈəðər fɔr ˈfæktərz hæd ðɛr ˈgreɪtəst ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ðə mɔr ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtɪd ənd ˈæfluənt ˈklæsɪz, ðə ˈgeɪtˌkipərz əv ðə meɪn ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz səʧ ɛz ðə ˈmidiə, ðə əˈkædəmi, ðə ɑrts, ðə meɪn faʊnˈdeɪʃənz, ənd məʧ əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ˈbɪznɪs wərld. haʊ dɪz rɔs æˈnælɪsɪs kəmˈpɛr wɪθ səm ˈoʊldər ˈθɪŋkərz? bleɪmz ðə ˌmɑrʤənələˈzeɪʃən əv ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti ɪn ðə wɛst ɔn ðə əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri prəˈmoʊtəd ðə səˈfɪʃənsi əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈjumən ˈrizən wɪˈθaʊt feɪθ ɪn ə greɪt dil əv ðə ʃɪft. ɪn ðɪs hi ˌəndərˈstændz hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈpætərnz ɛz biɪŋ kɔzd baɪ aɪˈdiəz ənd ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəl trɛnz ˈwərkɪŋ ðɛr weɪ aʊt θru ə soʊˈsaɪɪtiz ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz. aɪ si noʊ ˈrizən waɪ əˈproʊʧ ənd əˈproʊʧ ˈkænɑt boʊθ bi raɪt. ə θərd kaɪnd əv æˈnælɪsɪs kʊd ˈizəli faɪnd ðə fɔlts wɪˈθɪn ðə ʧərʧ ˌɪtˈsɛlf. ɛz eɪʧ. ˈrɪʧərd ˈnibʊr pɔɪnts aʊt ɪn hɪz ˈɛˌseɪ, ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns əv ðə church,”*,” ðə ʧərʧ bɪˈkəmz wik ənd ˈivɪn kərəpt wɛˈnɛvər ɪt bɪˈkəmz səkˈsɛsfəl ɪn ə ˈkəlʧər. ðɪs ɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈfæktər tɪ æd. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, waɪ dɪd ðə ˈmeɪnˌlaɪn ənd ðə ˌivænˈʤɛlɪkəl ʧərʧ gɪt koʊˈɑptəd baɪ əˈmɛrɪkən pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrtiz ənd luz ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti? ˈwəzənt ðɪs du tɪ ə læk əv roʊˈbəst, ˈvaɪtəl ˈɔrθəˌdɑksi wɪˈθɪn ðɛm? ɪf ɔl ðiz əˈproʊʧɪz ər raɪt ənd ˌkɑmpləˈmɛnʧi, ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti ɪn ðə wɛst həz bɪn ðə ˈvɪktɪm əv ˈpərˌfɪkt storm”*” əv trɛnz, ˈfæktərz, ənd ˈfɔrsɪz. ˈɛdɪtərz noʊt: ðɪs poʊst wɑz ərˈɪʤənəli ˈpəblɪʃt ˈeɪprəl 9 2012 æt ˈsɪti tɪ ˈsɪti.
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i had the pleasure of reading the manuscript of ross douthat's new book bad religion: how we became a nation of heretics (the free press, 2012), slated to be released on april 17. i am going to honor the publisher's request that i not quote or review the book until it is published because it is still being edited. nevertheless, i want to interact with ross's basic ideas because i think they are provocative and because this is essential reading for all christians seeking to understand christianity's relationship to culture in the u.s.
everyone agrees that our culture has become far more secular and hostile to christian faith over the past two generations, but what are the factors causing that change? many in the evangelical and reformed world see the decline starting in the early 20th century when most of the mainline denominations and their affiliated academic institutions and foundations fell into the hands of theological modernists and liberals. but it can't be as simple as that.
in his first chapter douthat looks at four figures—reinhold niebuhr for powerful mainline protestantism, billy graham for rising evangelicalism, fulton sheen for popularly engaged catholicism, and martin luther king, jr. for the prophetic african-american church of the civil rights era—who at mid-20th century showed the cultural and institutional strength of nearly all branches of christianity. but by the beginning of the 21st century all four branches of christianity are fragmented, declining, and in disarray, while the number of americans who say they have no religious affiliation or even belief in god steadily climbs. robert putnam, in american grace, nuances this a bit when he argues that the mainline church began declining first, in the late 1960s and 1970s, while the evangelical church began doing so by the 1990s. catholics have been battered with a different set of problems and so has the african-american church, but they are also definitely losing influence and people.
five social catalysts that changed the church
in his second chapter, douthat attributes the change to five major social catalysts that have gained steam since the 1960s:
first, the political polarization that has occurred between the left and right drew many churches into it (mainline protestants toward the left, evangelicals toward the right). this has greatly weakened the church's credibility in the broader culture, with many viewing churches as mere appendages and pawns of political parties.
second, the sexual revolution means that the biblical sex ethic now looks unreasonable and perverse to millions of people, making christianity appear implausible, unhealthy, and regressive.
third, the era of decolonization and third world empowerment, together with the dawn of globalization, has given the impression that christianity was imperialistically “western” and supportive of european civilization's record of racism, colonialism, and anti-semitism.
the fourth factor has been the enormous growth in the kind of material prosperity and consumerism that always works against faith and undermines christian community.
the fifth factor is that all the other four factors had their greatest initial impact on the more educated and affluent classes, the gatekeepers of the main culture-shaping institutions such as the media, the academy, the arts, the main foundations, and much of the government and business world.
how does ross douthat's analysis compare with some older thinkers? lesslie newbigin blames the marginalization of christianity in the west on the outworking of the 18th century enlightenment—which promoted the sufficiency of individual human reason without faith in god—for a great deal of the shift. in this he understands historical patterns as being caused by ideas and intellectual trends working their way out through a society's institutions. i see no reason why newbigin's history-of-thought approach and douthat's sociology-of-knowledge approach cannot both be right.
a third kind of analysis could easily find the faults within the church itself. as h. richard niebuhr points out in his essay, “the independence of the church,” the church becomes weak and even corrupt whenever it becomes successful in a culture. this is an important factor to add. for example, why did the mainline and the evangelical church get co-opted by american political parties and lose credibility? wasn't this due to a lack of robust, vital orthodoxy within them? if all these approaches are right and complementary, christianity in the west has been the victim of “a perfect storm” of trends, factors, and forces.
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editor's note: this post was originally published april 9, 2012 at redeemer city to city.
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əˈpɑrt frəm ðət ˈɑdli pleɪst frənt ˈkæmərə, ðə mi mɪks 2 həz lʊks, paʊər ənd ðə ˈjuzər ɪkˈspɪriəns ðət noʊ ˈəðər foʊn æt ðɪs praɪs kən ˈɔfər. wi hæv sin səm ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪŋ ˌɪnəˈveɪʃənz ɪn ðə pæst wən jɪr, bət ɪf ðɛrz wən ˌɛvəˈluʃən ðət bɪˈkeɪm ə head-turner*, ɪt wʊd bi ðə ərˈɪʤənəl mi mɪks. wɪn ðə mi mɪks wɑz lɔnʧt, ɪt wɑz sɛd tɪ bi ə 'ˈkɑnsɛpt' frəm wɪʧ ˈstɑrtɪd ɔf ðə trɛnd əˈkrɔs oems*. ɪt wɑz ðə ˈmoʊmənt wɪn ðə neɪm krɔst ˈmɛni ənˈtəʧt ˈbɔrdərz, ənd ðə ˈɪndəstri pərˈsivd ə ˈkeɪpəbəl neɪm ˈraɪzɪŋ frəm ˈʧaɪnə. wɪθ mi mɪks meɪd ɪt klɪr ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni həz ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl tɪ stænd əp əˈgɛnst bɪg neɪmz. ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə juʤ dɪˈmænd frəm fænz, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni riˈwərkt ɔn ðə ərˈɪʤənəl mɪks ənd rɪˈtərnd wɪθ ðə nu mi mɪks 2 wɪʧ ɪz mɔr rɪˈfaɪnd, ˈlɑʤɪkəl ənd ə ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən əv ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt. sɪns ðə mi mɪks, wi hæv sin ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv ˈθɪnɪŋ daʊn ðə ənd ðə skrin tɪ ˈbɑdi ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ. frəm ˈsæmˌsəŋ ˈgæləksi ɛˈsɛnʃəl foʊn tɪ ðə nu ˈaɪˌfoʊn ɛks, ɔl foʊnz hæv əraɪvd wɪθ ðɛr bɛst ˈpɑsəbəl ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən əv ˈmɪnəməl dɪˈzaɪn. sɪns ðɛr ər soʊ ˈmɛni ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈɔpʃənz ɪn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt, ɪts naʊ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈtrɪki fər ðə mi mɪks 2 tɪ meɪk ə mɑrk laɪk ɪts ˈprɛdəˌsɛsər wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ ðə pərk əv biɪŋ wən əv ə kaɪnd. ðə mi mɪks 2 ɪz ʧæns tɪ pʊt ˌɪtˈsɛlf ˈfərmli bæk ɔn ðə ˈflægˌʃɪp ˌsɛgˈmɛnt ɪn ˈɪndiə ˈæftər ðə mi 5 bət həz ɪt səkˈsidɪd? lɛts faɪnd aʊt. fər ənd ˈvɛriənt ɔn seɪl ɑkˈtoʊbər 17 ɪn ˈɪndiə ˈviə ənd ɛz ɪkˈspɛktɪd, ðɪs foʊn ənˈlaɪk ɪts ˈsɪblɪŋz sɪts æt ə haɪər praɪs reɪnʤ. ðə mi mɪks 2 ɪz praɪst æt wɪʧ wɪl pʊt ɪt feɪs tɪ feɪs əˈgɛnst ðə laɪks əv 5 ənd ðə ˈrisəntli lɔnʧt ˈnoʊkiə 8 ɪn tərmz əv kɔst. ðə mi mɪks 2 wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl æt ˈspɛʃəl ˈprivˌju seɪl fər mi fænz ɔn ɑkˈtoʊbər 17 æt 12 nun ɔn ənd. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðɪs, ðə foʊn wɪl goʊ ɔn seɪl əˈkrɔs,, mi hoʊm stɔrz ənd ɔn ɔl ˈɔˌflaɪn ˈpɑrtnərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst wik əv noʊˈvɛmbər æt ə 0 pərˈsɛnt ˈɪntəˌrɛst skim. dɪˈzaɪn sərˈæmɪk bæk, ˈmɛtəl ɔn ðə ˈɛʤɪz ənd gərˈɪlə glæs 4 ɔn frənt ˈstənɪŋ ˈfɪnɪʃ ɔn ðə sərˈæmɪk bæk ɪz bæk ɪz ˈfræʤəl ənd əˈtrækts ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnts ˈleɪtəst ɪz ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈflægˌʃɪp ˈæftər mi 6 ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni həz lɔnʧt ðɪs jɪr, hɛns ðeɪ ər ˈbɛtɪŋ bɪg ɔn ðɪs. wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ dɪˈzaɪn ðə mɪks 2 livz ˈnəθɪŋ lɛft tɪ bi dɪˈzaɪərd ɪf ju hæv ən aɪ fər ˈbjuti. dɪˈzaɪnd baɪ fɪˈlipeɪ stɑrk, ðə mɪks 2 ɪz wən faɪn pis əv ɑrt ðət lʊks ənd filz ˈprimiəm raɪt frəm ðə ˈmoʊmənt ju hoʊld ɪt fər ðə fərst taɪm. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə dɪˈzaɪn ɪz ˈstraɪkɪŋli ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl mi mɪks, ˈhævɪŋ ə dɪˈspleɪ ɪn pleɪs əv juʤ meɪks ðə mɪks 2 ˈʃɔrtər baɪ 7mm*, ˈnɛroʊər baɪ ənd æt ɪt ɪz ˈθɪnər. ˈɔlsoʊ, ɪt weɪz 185g*, wɪʧ ɪz əraʊnd ˈlaɪtər ðən ðə ərˈɪʤənəl mɪks wɪˈθaʊt ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzɪŋ ðə ˈstərdi fil əv ðə dɪˈvaɪs. ðə nu mɪks 2 həz ə sərˈæmɪk ənd əˈlumənəm ˈbɑdi ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə ˈsteɪnləs stil laɪk ðə ərˈɪʤənəl mɪks. stɪl, ðɛrz boʊθ proʊz ənd kɑnz əv ˈhævɪŋ ə sərˈæmɪk bæk, ɛz ɪt lʊks gʊd ənd kænt bi skræʧt ˈizəli bət ɪt ɪz ˈvɛri ˈfræʤəl ənd ˈkæʧɪz ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnts. waɪl ðə bæk ɪz meɪd əp əv ˈʃaɪni sərˈæmɪk, ðə saɪdz ðɪs taɪm ər meɪd əp əv əˈlumənəm tɪ gɪv ɪt ə ˈbɛtər grɪp ənd ˈrɛndər ˈstərdinəs. ɔn ðə frənt ɪt həz ˈkɔrnɪŋ gərˈɪlə glæs 4 fər prəˈtɛkʃən. ɪf ju ər baɪɪŋ ðɪs foʊn fər lʊks, ɪts ˈhaɪli ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ju woʊnt prɪˈfər ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈkəvər ˈoʊvər ðə bæk bət ˈbəndəlz ə bæk ˈkəvər ðət lʊks slik ənd həz ə fɪt. ˈɪmɪʤ 1 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 2 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 3 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 4 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 5 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 6 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 7 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 8 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 9 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 10 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 11 əv 12 ˈɪmɪʤ 12 əv 12 ɛz ɔˈrɛdi ˈmɛnʃənd, ðə foʊn livz noʊ speɪs fər ɪkˈsɛpt fər ðə ʧɪn, wɛr ɪt həz ðə frənt ˈkæmərə beɪkt ɪn ðə raɪt ˈkɔrnər. dɪd nɑt goʊ ðə ˈæpəl ər ɛˈsɛnʃəl weɪ baɪ ˈpʊtɪŋ ðə nɑʧ tɪ pleɪs ðə frənt ˈkæmərə ɔn tɔp əv ðə dɪˈspleɪ. ˈdɪdənt ʤɪst gɑt rɪd əv bət ðɪs taɪm ɪt dɪz nɑt kəm wɪθ ə ˈɑdiˌoʊ ʤæk. bət ˈθæŋkfəli jul gɪt ə tɪ kəˈnɛktər ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə bɑks. ɔn tɔp əv ðə dɪˈspleɪ, jul si əˈnəðər faɪn pis əv dɪˈzaɪnɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈɪrpis wɪʧ pips aʊt əv ə ˈtaɪni ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðə glæs. ðə ˈbjuti ɪgˈzɪsts ɪn smɔl ˈditeɪlz laɪk ðə goʊld rɪŋ əraʊnd ðə ˈkæmərə ənd ðə dɪˈskritli pleɪst ænˈtɛni bændz ɔn ðə tɔp ənd ˈbɑtəm. ðə sɪm slɑt ɪz ɔn ðə lɛft ənd wɛˈræz ðə raɪt ɛʤ həz ðə ˈvɑljum ˈrɑkər ənd ki. ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnt ˈsɛnsər ɪz pleɪst æt ən ˈɑptɪməl pəˈzɪʃən baɪ ˌaɪˈkɑnɪk ˈbrændɪŋ ðət sɪz dɪˈzaɪnd baɪ xiaomi’*’ ɪn goʊld ˈkələr. ðə foʊn ɪz sˈlɪpəri bət ðət ˈʃaɪni lʊk ənd fil ɪz ðə ˈdɑmənənt əˈpil əv ðə dɪˈzaɪn. ɪt həz ˈsətəl kərvz ɔn ðə saɪdz ðət dɪsˈmɪsɪz ðə ˈɛʤi fil ɔn ðə foʊn. ɪt filz laɪk ə ˈsɑləd glæs slæb ðət weɪz ˈivɪn æt boʊθ tɔp ənd ˈbɑtəm. dɪˈspleɪ dɪˈspleɪ ɛʤ tɪ ɛʤ ˈæˌspɛkt ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ ðə dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ˈfiʧər əv ðə mi mɪks 2 ɪz ɪts frənt ðæts ˈkəvərd ˈmoʊstli baɪ ə juʤ dɪˈspleɪ. ɪn spaɪt əv ˈhævɪŋ ə dɪˈspleɪ, stɪks wɪθ ə fʊl hd*+ dɪˈspleɪ wɪθ 1080 ɛks ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ˈmeɪbi tɪ ˈbæləns aʊt ðə ˈbætəri kənˈsəmʃən. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ɔn frəm ðə ˈkɑrənt trɛnd, ðə mɪks 2 ˈɔlsoʊ brɪŋz əˈlɔŋ ðə ˈæˌspɛkt ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ wɪθ ˈraʊndər ˈkɔrnərz. ɪf ju hæv kəmˈpleɪnz əˈbaʊt nɑt ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈpænəl ðɛn aɪ məst əˈʃʊr ju ðət ðə dɪˈspleɪ lʊks kwaɪt gʊd. ðə dɪˈspleɪ sˈlaɪtli ˈsɔfənz ðə pənʧ tɪ rɪˈteɪn vjuɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns. ðə skrin ˈbraɪtnəs ɪz ˈsəmˈwət laɪk dɪˈspleɪz ðət ˈɔfərz ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt ˈbæləns əv ˈbraɪtnəs ənd ˈkələrz. ɪf ju kəmˈpɛr ɪt wɪθ dɪˈspleɪ foʊnz laɪk ər, ɪt ɪz ə ˈlɪtəl lɛs ˈsæʧərˌeɪtɪd. ðə ˈkələr ˈproʊˌfaɪl ɪz ˈfərðər ˈʧeɪnʤəbəl ɪn ðə ˈsɛtɪŋz ˈmɛnju wɪθ ə ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd ˈrɛdɪŋ moʊd ˌɪnˈkludɪd fər blu laɪt ɪˈmɪʃən tɪ ɛnˈhæns ˈrɛdɪŋ. ˈkələr ˌriprəˈdəkʃən ɪz ɔn pɔɪnt, ɪf ju ər wən əv ðɛm hu laɪk ˈvɪvɪd ˈkələrz ðɛn ju kən ˈɔlˌweɪz twik ɪt frəm ðə ˈsɛtɪŋz bət ɪkˈspɛkt ɪt tɪ gɪt ˈɛniˌwɛr nɪr ˈgæləksi ˈsupər. ˈjuzɪŋ ɪt ɪn ˈaʊtˈdɔrz ɪz nɑt ə ˈprɑbləm ɛz ɪt əˈʤəsts ðə ˈbraɪtnəs tɪ ə ˈridəbəl ˈlɪmət ɪn ˈɔlˌmoʊst noʊ taɪm. stɪl ɪf ju ər ɔn ə hənt fər ðə bɛst dɪˈspleɪ, ðɛn ju maɪt laɪk ðə ˈgæləksi mɔr ðən ðɪs wən. bət ɔn ə foʊn wɪθ səʧ frənt ˈpænəl, ðə dɪˈspleɪ dɪz nɑt ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt ˈiðər. ɪt wərks greɪt fər ˈrɛdɪŋ, ˈwɑʧɪŋ ˈvɪdioʊ ˈkɑntɛnt ər ˈivɪn fər ˈjuzɪŋ ˈgipiˈɛs. ˈdʊrɪŋ maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns, ðɛr wɑz ə ˈmoʊmənt wɪn aɪ wɑz ʤɪst ɪkˈsɛpʃənəli ˌɪmˈprɛst waɪl ˈjuzɪŋ mæps, ˈbraʊzɪŋ ˈwɛbˌsaɪts, ənd ˈɑbviəsli ˌməltiˈmidiə ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪz ˈstənɪŋ tu. ˈɔlsoʊ, ðə vjuɪŋ ˈæŋgəlz əv ðə dɪˈspleɪ ər ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv ˈivɪn ɪn wɛl lɪt kənˈdɪʃənz.
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apart from that oddly placed front camera, the mi mix 2 has looks, power and the user experience that no other phone at this price can offer.
we have seen some fascinating smartphone innovations in the past one year, but if there's one evolution that became a head-turner, it would be the original mi mix. when the mi mix was launched, it was said to be a 'concept' from xiaomi which started off the bezelless trend across oems. it was the moment when the name xiaomi crossed many untouched borders, and the industry perceived a capable name rising from china.
xiaomi with mi mix made it clear that the company has the potential to stand up against big names. looking at the huge demand from xiaomi fans, the company reworked on the original mix and returned with the new mi mix 2, which is more refined, logical and a favourable implementation of the bezelless concept.
since the mi mix, we have seen a handful of smartphones thinning down the bezels and maximising the screen to body ratio. from samsung galaxy s8, lg g6, essential phone to the new iphone x, all phones have arrived with their best possible implementation of minimal bezel design. since there are so many existing options in the market, it's now a little tricky for the mi mix 2 to make a mark like its predecessor without having the perk of being one of a kind smartphone.
the mi mix 2 is xiaomi's chance to put itself firmly back on the flagship smartphone segment in india after the mi 5, but has it succeeded? lets find out.
rs 35,999 for 6gb and 128gb variant
on sale october 17 in india via mi.com and flipkart
as expected, this xiaomi phone unlike its siblings sits at a higher price range. the xiaomi mi mix 2 is priced at rs 35,999, which will put it face to face against the likes of oneplus 5 and the recently launched nokia 8 in terms of cost.
the mi mix 2 will be available at special preview sale for mi fans on october 17 at 12 noon on mi.com and flipkart.
following this, the phone will go on sale across mi.com, flipkart, mi home stores and on all offline partners during the first week of november at a 0 percent interest emi scheme.
design
ceramic back, metal on the edges and gorilla glass 4 on front
stunning finish on the ceramic back is scratchproof
back is fragile and attracts fingerprints
xiaomi's latest is the second flagship smartphone after mi 6 that the company has launched this year, hence they are betting big on this. when it comes to design the mix 2 leaves nothing left to be desired if you have an eye for beauty. designed by philippe starck, the mix 2 is one fine piece of art that looks and feels premium right from the moment you hold it for the first time.
although the design is strikingly similar to the original mi mix, having a 5.99-inch display in place of huge 6.4-inch makes the mix 2 shorter by 7mm, narrower by 6.4mm and at 7.7mm it is 0.2 mm thinner. also, it weighs 185g, which is around 24g lighter than the original mix without compromising the sturdy feel of the device.
the new mix 2 has a ceramic and aluminum body instead of a stainless steel like the original mix. still, there's both pros and cons of having a ceramic back, as it looks good and can't be scratched easily but it is very fragile and catches fingerprints. while the back is made up of shiny ceramic, the sides this time are made up of aluminum to give it a better grip and render sturdiness. on the front it has corning gorilla glass 4 for protection.
if you are buying this phone for looks, it's highly possible that you wont prefer having a cover over the back but xiaomi bundles a back cover that looks sleek and has a super-snug fit.
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as already mentioned, the phone leaves no space for bezels except for the chin, where it has the front camera baked in the right corner. xiaomi did not go the apple or essential way by putting the notch to place the front camera on top of the display. xiaomi didn't just got rid of bezels but this time it does not come with a 3.5mm audio jack. but thankfully you'll get a usb type-c to 3.5mm connector inside the box. on top of the display, you'll see another fine piece of designing in the earpiece which peeps out of a tiny cut-out in the middle of the glass.
the beauty exists in small details like the gold ring around the camera and the discreetly placed antennae bands on the top and bottom. the sim slot is on the left and whereas the right edge has the volume rocker and power/lock key. fingerprint sensor is placed at an optimal position companied by company’s iconic branding that says ‘mix designed by xiaomi’ in gold color.
the phone is slippery but that shiny look and in-hand feel is the dominant appeal of the design. it has subtle curves on the sides that dismisses the edgy feel on the phone. it feels like a solid glass slab that weighs even at both top and bottom.
display
5.99-inch fhd display
edge to edge fhd
18:9 aspect ratio
the defining feature of the mi mix 2 is its front that's covered mostly by a huge display. in spite of having a qhd display, xiaomi sticks with a 5.99-inch full hd+ display with 1080 x 2160p resolution maybe to balance out the battery consumption. following on from the current smartphone trend, the mix 2 also brings along the 18:9 aspect ratio with rounder corners.
if you have complains about not having a qhd panel then i must assure you that the display looks quite good. the ips display slightly softens the punch to retain it’s eye-pleasing viewing experience. the screen brightness is somewhat like lg displays that offers the perfect balance of brightness and colors. if you compare it with amoled display phones like s8 or oneplus, it is a little less saturated. the colour profile is further changeable in the settings menu with a dedicated reading mode included for minimise blue light emission to enhance reading.
color reproduction is on point, if you are one of them who like vivid colors then you can always tweak it from the settings but don’t expect it to get anywhere near galaxy s8’s super amoled. using it in outdoors is not a problem as it adjusts the brightness to a readable limit in almost no time.
still if you are on a hunt for the best display, then you might like the galaxy s8 more than this one. but on a phone with such immersive front panel, the display does not disappoint either. it works great for reading, watching video content or even for using gps. during my experience, there was a moment when i was just exceptionally impressed while using maps, browsing websites, and obviously multimedia experience is stunning too. also, the viewing angles of the display are really impressive even in well lit conditions.
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baɪ ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ə bəs draɪvz æt ðə meɪn bəs ˈtərmənəl ɪn ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn ˈseɪləm ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ, noʊv. 3 2015 (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ˈænə rid ˈsteɪtsmən ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈseɪləm ˈvoʊtərz rɪˈʤɛktɪd ə prəˈpoʊzəl tɪ ɪkˈspænd ðə bəs ˈsərvɪs ˈviə ə ˈpeɪˌroʊl tæks, ˈsɛndɪŋ ɪt tɪ dɪˈfit baɪ ə ˈmɑrʤən. dæn klɛm, ˈseɪləm ˈɛriə ˈʧeɪmbər əv ˈkɑmərs ˈsiˌiˈoʊ, ɪkˈsprɛst ˈgrætəˌtud tɪ ˈvoʊtərz fər rɪˈʤɛktɪŋ ðə prəˈpoʊzd tæks. wɔnt tɪ θæŋk ˈɛvriˌwən hu ˈvoʊtɪd tɪ prəˈtɛkt smɔl businesses…*… ðə rɪˈzəlts ˈvælədeɪt ðə pəˈzɪʃən ðət fˈjuʧər səˈpɔrt əv cherriots’*’ nidz ʃʊd kəm frəm ə ˈdɪfərənt sɔrs ðən ə ˈpeɪˌroʊl tax,”*,” klɛm sɛd. ˈælən ˈpɑlək, ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər, hæd ə ˈdɪfərənt pɔɪnt əv vju. sucks,”*,” ˈpɑlək sɛd. ðə ˈbælət ˈmɛʒər prəˈpoʊzd ən ɪmˈplɔɪər ˈpeɪˌroʊl tæks æt pərˈsɛnt əv ˈtoʊtəl ˈpeɪˌroʊl ɔn ˈbɪznɪsɪz ɪn ðə ˈtrænzɪt ˈsərvɪs ˈɛriə. ðə tæks wʊd hæv reɪzd 5 ˈmɪljən ɪn ˈrɛvəˌnu tɪ ɪˈnækt ə slu əv ˈʧeɪnʤɪz fər ˈraɪdərz: rɪˈstɔrɪŋ ðə ˈstudənt bəs pæs ˈproʊˌgræm, wɪʧ əˈlaʊd ˈmɪdəl ənd haɪ skul ˈstudənts tɪ raɪd ðə bəs fər fri ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə skul jɪr. ðə ˈproʊˌgræm, ˈfəndɪd baɪ ə steɪt grænt, wɑz ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪd baɪ ðə steɪt ɪn 2011 prəˈvaɪd bəs ˈsərvɪs ɔn ˈhɑləˌdeɪz ɪkˈsɛpt ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ, nu ənd ˈkrɪsməs, ənd ɪkˈstɛnd bəs ˈsərvɪs ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈivnɪŋ aʊərz. ðə əv ˈwiˌkɪnd bəs ˈsərvɪs. bɔrd ˈmɛmbər ˈʤɛri ˈtɑmsən kɔld ðə kæmˈpeɪn lɛd baɪ ðə ˈʧeɪmbər ““dirty.”*.” ˈtɑmsən wɑz æt ə lɔs fər wət ðə nɛkst stɛps wʊd bi fər ˈtrænzɪt ˈsərvɪs ɪn ðə ˈɛriə. goʊɪŋ tɪ bi laɪk ðɪs ənˈtɪl wi kəm əp wɪθ ðə ˈməni, aɪ guess,”*,” ˈtɑmsən sɛd. θɔts wər lɛs wɪθ ðə kæmˈpeɪn ənd mɔr wɪθ ˈraɪdərz. ril ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt ɪz fər ðə ˈpipəl hu raɪd. ðɛr fˈjuʧər? haʊ du wi gɪv ðɛm hope?”*?” ˈpɑlək sɛd. baɪ ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ə sɪˈkjʊrəti gɑrd teɪks ə ˈbælət æt ə ˈdrɑˌpɔf ˈbælət saɪts ɪn ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn ˈseɪləm ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ, noʊv. 3 2015 (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ˈænə rid ˈsteɪtsmən ˈʤərnəl) ɪˈlɛkʃən rɪˈzəlts ˈmɛʒər ˈseɪləm ˈɛriə mæs ˈtrænzɪt ˈdɪstrɪkt. əˈdɑpts ɪmˈplɔɪər ˈpeɪˌroʊl ənd tæks əv bɪˈgɪnɪŋ 2017 68 əv 75 ˈpriˌsɪŋkts: jɛs noʊ ˈmɛʒər ˈkizər faɪər ˈdɪstrɪkt. ˈʤɛnərəl ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃən bɑnd fər 62 əv 69 ˈpriˌsɪŋkts: jɛs noʊ ˈmɛʒər ˈsɪti əv ˈɛmˈti. ˈeɪnʤəl. ˌænɛkˈseɪʃən əv 20 ˈeɪkərz ˈɪntu ðə ˈɛmˈti. ˈeɪnʤəl ˈsɪti ˈlɪmɪts. 62 əv 69 ˈpriˌsɪŋkts: jɛs 238 noʊ 221 ˈmɛʒər mɪl ˈsɪti ˈrʊrəl faɪər prəˈtɛkʃən ˈdɪstrɪkt. faɪv jɪr ˈloʊkəl ˈɔpʃən ˈlɛvi fər ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz. 62 əv 69 ˈpriˌsɪŋkts: jɛs 37 noʊ 11 rɛd ər ʃɛr ðɪs ˈstɔri:
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buy photo a cherriots bus drives at the main bus terminal in downtown salem on tuesday, nov. 3, 2015. (photo: anna reed / statesman journal)buy photo
salem voters rejected a proposal to expand the cherriots bus service via a payroll tax, sending it to defeat by a double-digit margin.
dan clem, salem area chamber of commerce ceo, expressed gratitude to voters for rejecting the proposed tax.
“we want to thank everyone who voted to protect small businesses… the results validate the position that future support of cherriots’ needs should come from a different source than a payroll tax,” clem said.
allan pollock, cherriots general manager, had a different point of view.
“this sucks,” pollock said.
the ballot measure proposed an employer payroll tax at 0.21 percent of total payroll on businesses in the salem-keizer transit service area. the tax would have raised $5 million in revenue to enact a slew of changes for cherriots riders:
restoring the student bus pass program, which allowed middle and high school students to ride the bus for free during the school year. the program, funded by a state grant, was eliminated by the state in 2011.
provide bus service on holidays except thanksgiving, new year’s and christmas, and extend bus service operating evening hours.
the re-establishment of weekend bus service.
cherriots board member jerry thompson called the campaign — led by the chamber — “dirty.” thompson was at a loss for what the next steps would be for transit service in the salem-keizer area.
“we’re going to be like this until we come up with the money, i guess,” thompson said.
pollock’s thoughts were less with the campaign and more with cherriots riders.
“my real disappointment is for the people who ride cherriots. what’s their future? how do we give them hope?” pollock said.
buy photo a security guard takes a ballot at a drop-off ballot sites in downtown salem on tuesday, nov. 3, 2015. (photo: anna reed / statesman journal)
election results
measure 24-388
salem area mass transit district. adopts employer payroll and self-employment tax of 0.21% beginning 2017.
68 of 75 precincts: 90.66%
yes
14,241 41.29%
no
20,247 58.71%
measure 24-389
keizer fire district. general obligation bond for $6,220,000.
62 of 69 precincts: 89.86%
yes
3,768 63.76%
no
2,142 36.24%
measure 24-387
city of mt. angel. annexation of 20 acres into the mt. angel city limits.
62 of 69 precincts: 89.86%
yes
238 51.85%
no
221 48.15%
measure 22-136
mill city rural fire protection district. five year local option levy for operations.
62 of 69 precincts: 89.86%
yes
37 77.08%
no
11 22.92%
read or share this story: http://stjr.nl/1nqna2u
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ðə frɛnʧ kɑr ˌmænjəˈfækʧərər həz meɪd gʊd ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn paʊər tərmz ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ðɪs ˈsizən, ənd ɪz pɔɪzd tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus əˈnəðər ˈmaɪnər ˈəpˈgreɪd fər ðɪs ˈwiˌkɛndz ˈsɪŋəˌpɔr grænd pri. ɪts ˈfoʊkɪs, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪz ɔn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈbɪgər stɛp ˈfɔrwərd ɪn 2017 wɪʧ wɪl əˈlaʊ ðə wərks tim tɪ muv əp ðə grɪd ənd rɛd bʊl tɪ gɪt ˌɪtˈsɛlf bæk ɪn ðə hənt fər ˈrɛgjələr reɪs ˈvɪktəriz. rɪˈnɔlt tim ˈprɪnsəpəl frɛd ˈvæsər sɛd ðət ðɛr wɑz noʊ ˌɪˈluʒən ðət ðə gæp tɪ mərˈseɪdiz hæd bɪn kloʊzd daʊn kəmˈplitli jɛt, bət hi səˈʤɛstɪd ðət hoʊps wər haɪ əv ˈdisənt ˈprɑˌgrɛs fər nɛkst jɪr. "wi hæd tu gʊd stɛps, ðə fərst wən ˌbiˈfɔr ðə reɪs [ɪn ˈmɛlbərn] læst ˈwɪntər ənd ðə ˈəðər wən fər monaco/canada*," ˈvæsər toʊld motorsport.com*. "aɪ θɪŋk wi ər nɑt soʊ fɑr frəm ðə mərˈseɪdiz. "wi ər stɪl ə bɪt bɪˈhaɪnd, bət ɪf ju hæv ə lʊk æt ðə ˈgipiˈɛs ˈdætə wi ər ə bɪt bɪˈhaɪnd bət wi ər ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ. "wi noʊ ɪgˈzæktli wət wi hæv ɔn ðə bɛnʧ fər 2017 bɪˈkəz ðə ɪz ɔˈrɛdi ɔn ðə bɛnʧ ənd aɪ θɪŋk ɪt ɪz ɪnˈkərəʤɪŋ." tɔp faɪv ˈtərgət ˌɔlˈðoʊ rɛd bʊlz æmˈbɪʃənz ər ɔn ðə wərld ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp nɛkst jɪr, ˈvæsər həz sɛd ðət ɪf hɪz ˈaʊtˌfɪt kən ˈfɪnɪʃ ɪn ðə tɔp faɪv ðɛn ɪt ʃʊd bi ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd wɪθ ðə ʤɑb ɪt həz dən. "wi hæv ðə roʊd mæp frəm ðət sɪz ɪn jɪr θri ju ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ goʊ fər ˈpoʊdiəmz ənd ɪn jɪr faɪv ju ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ wɪn səm ˈreɪsɪz," hi sɛd. "soʊ, bɪtˈwin təˈdeɪ ənd jɪr θri, wi hæv tɪ bi ɪn ə pəˈzɪʃən tɪ du ə ˈpoʊdiəm. "tɪ krɔs ðə laɪn ðɛn wi kən ˌɪˈmæʤən tɪ bi ɪn ə pəˈzɪʃən tɪ bi nɛkst jɪr. aɪ θɪŋk ɪt wɪl bi ə gʊd əˈʧivmənt." noʊ səˈpraɪz ˌɔlˈðoʊ rɪˈnɔlts ˈkɑrənt kæmˈpeɪn həz ˈfɑlən bɪˈloʊ ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz, ˈvæsər həz riˈɪtərˌeɪtɪd ðət ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm wɑz nɑt ə ril səˈpraɪz kənˈsɪdərɪŋ haʊ ˈlɪtəl dɪˈvɛləpmənt hæd ˈteɪkən pleɪs ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈloʊtəs' ˈfaɪnəl jɪr. "wi nu ðə ˈnəmbərz ənd wi nu ˈpərfəktli ðət ðə kɑr wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd æt ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv 2015 ənd hæd nɑt bɪn dɪˈvɛləpt æt ɔl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsizən," hi sɛd. "pləs ɪt wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd fər ðə mərˈseɪdiz ˈɪnʤən, ənd wi kɛpt ɪgˈzæktli ðə seɪm ˈʧæsi tɪ pʊt ðə rɪˈnɔlt ˌɪnˈsaɪd. "tɪ goʊ ɔn træk wɑz ə bɪt ˈʧælənʤɪŋ. wi tʊk ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈoʊvər tu mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr ˌbɑrsɪˈloʊnə ənd fər ʃʊr ju ˈkænɑt ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ bi ɪn ə gʊd ʃeɪp. "ˌoʊˈkeɪ ju kən seɪ ðət læst jɪr ðeɪ wər ˈeɪbəl tɪ du gʊd rɪˈzəlts bət ɪt wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd ɪn 2015 fər 2015 ənd fər ðə mərˈseɪdiz ˈɪnʤən. soʊ ɪf ju ər ˈdipli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə ˈsɪstəm ðɛn ju seɪ noʊ weɪ."
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the french car manufacturer has made good progress in power terms over the course of this season, and is poised to introduce another minor upgrade for this weekend's singapore grand prix.
its focus, however, is on making a bigger step forward in 2017 which will allow the works team to move up the grid and red bull to get itself back in the hunt for regular race victories.
renault team principal fred vasseur said that there was no illusion that the gap to mercedes had been closed down completely yet, but he suggested that hopes were high of decent progress for next year.
"we had two good steps, the first one before the race [in melbourne] last winter and the other one for monaco/canada," vasseur told motorsport.com. "i think we are not so far from the mercedes.
"we are still a bit behind, but if you have a look at the gps data we are a bit behind but we are improving.
"we know exactly what we have on the bench for 2017 because the v6 is already on the bench and i think it is encouraging."
top five target
although red bull's ambitions are on the world championship next year, vasseur has said that if his enstone outfit can finish in the top five then it should be satisfied with the job it has done.
"we have the road map from ghosn that says in year three you are able to go for podiums and in year five you are able to win some races," he said. "so, between today and year three, we have to be in a position to do a podium.
"to cross the line then we can imagine to be in a position to be p5 next year. i think it will be a good achievement."
no surprise
although renault's current campaign has fallen below expectations, vasseur has reiterated that the outcome was not a real surprise considering how little development had taken place during lotus' final year.
"we knew the numbers and we knew perfectly that the car was designed at the beginning of 2015 and had not been developed at all during the season," he said. "plus it was designed for the mercedes engine, and we kept exactly the same chassis to put the renault inside.
"to go on track was a bit challenging. we took the company over two months before barcelona and for sure you cannot expect to be in a good shape.
"okay you can say that last year they were able to do good results but it was designed in 2015 for 2015 and for the mercedes engine. so if you are deeply involved in the system then you say no way."
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wət ɪz bɪg ˈfɑrmə ˈtɛrəˌfaɪd əv? ðeɪ ər ˈtɛrəˌfaɪd əv ˈnæʧərəl ˈmɛdəsən bɪˈkəz ˈseɪfər, mɔr əˈfɔrdəbəl ənd wərks ˈbɛtər ðən ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəlz! bɪg ˈfɑrmə peɪz ɔf ˈʤərnəlɪsts, braɪbz ˈdɑktərz ənd fəndz ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈmərsəˌnɛriz tɪ əˈtæk prəˈpoʊnənts əv ˈnæʧərəl ˈmɛdəsən. ðeɪ ˈivɪn əˈtæk fudz ənd nuˈtrɪʃən! ðeɪ əˈtæk ˈækjuˌpəŋkʧər, ˌkaɪroʊˈpræktɪk, ˌmɛdəˈteɪʃən, ˈbrɛstfidɪŋ ənd məʧ mɔr. ðə ril ˈrizən ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt dɪˈspaɪzɪz ˈnæʧərəl ˈmɛdəsən ɪz bɪˈkəz ɪt kɔz saɪd ˈifɛkts ðət brɪŋ juʤ ˈrɛvəˌnuz tɪ ˈdɑktərz, ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz ənd drəg ˈkəmpəˌniz! (ðeɪ fid ɔf ðə rɪˈpit ˈsaɪkəl əv dɪˈziz ənd ˈsɪknəs kɔzd baɪ ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsɪstəm ˌɪtˈsɛlf!) wi ər ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ən ˈɪrə wɛr ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪz məˈnɑpəˌlaɪzd baɪ ə paʊər ˈstrəkʧər ðət wɔnts ðə ˈpipəl tɪ rɪˈmeɪn ˌɪˈlɪtərət ənd ˈɪgnərənt əˈbaʊt ˈnæʧərəl ˈmɛdəsən. bɪg ˈfɑrmə fidz ɔf ˈɪgnərəns ənd dɪˈziz. ðɪs ɪz ðɛr ˈprɑfɪt ˈmɑdəl. soʊ ðeɪ traɪ tɪ ˈsɛnsər bʊks, fɪlmz, ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ənd ˈnɑlɪʤ. mɔr ˈpipəl ər ˈweɪkɪŋ əp ənd ˈriəˌlaɪzɪŋ bɪg ˈfɑrmə ɪz ə ˈkrɪmənəl kɑrˈtɛl, kriˈeɪtɪd tɪ ˈhɑrvəst ˈprɑfɪts ɔf jʊr ˈbɑdi. bɪg ˈfɑrmə ɪz ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn əˈbjuzɪz əv ˈjumən raɪts, ˈmɛdɪkəl ɪkˌspɛrəmənˈteɪʃən ɔn ˈʧɪldrən, ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈɛθɪks vaɪəˈleɪʃənz. ɪn ðə ˈbɪznɪs əv ˈsɛlɪŋ drəgz tɪ sɪk ˈpipəl, ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ ju kip ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈməni ɪz tɪ kip ˈpipəl sick.”*.” drəg ˈkəmpəˌniz wʊd ˈnɛvər dɪˈvɛləp pɪlz ðət ˈæˌkʧuəli wərkt tɪ hɔlt disease…*… ɪt wʊd pʊt ðɛm aʊt əv ˈbɪznɪs! ɪz noʊ ˈkɔrpərət ˈɛntɪti ðət wɪl dɪˈlɪbərətli kəˈmɪt ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl suicide.”*.” drəg ˈkəmpəˌniz kriˈeɪtɪd ðə ˈmæsɪv, ˈgloʊbəl ““superbug”*” ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk. ðə drəg ˈkəmpəˌniz hæv ˌfaɪˈnænʃəli ˈɪnfɪlˌtreɪtɪd ˈgəvərnmənt, ˈmɛdɪkəl skulz, ˌækəˈdimiə ənd ðə ˈmeɪnˌstrim ˈmidiə. baɪ dɪˈzaɪn, drəgz ˈnɛvər sɑlv hɛlθ ˈprɑbləmz. ˈəðərˌwaɪz, ðɛr wʊd bi noʊ rɪˈpit seɪlz. ðə ˈtritmənts əv wən dɪˈziz kɔz əˈnəðər dɪˈziz, wɪn ðɛn rikˈwaɪərz mɔr ˈtritmənt. ˈpipəl ɔn ˈməltəpəl ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəlz ər ðə list ˈhɛlθi ˈpipəl ɪn soʊˈsaɪɪti. ðeɪ ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈnɛvər gɪt ˈbɛtər! bɪg ˈfɑrmə feɪks ðə ˈklɪnɪkəl traɪəl ˈdætə tɪ ˈproʊdus ˌwəˈtɛvər ““scientific”*” rɪˈzəlts ðeɪ wɔnt. ɔl ˈpipəl hu prəˈmoʊt dɪˈziz priˈvɛnʃən ər ˈtɑrgətɪd baɪ bɪg ˈfɑrmə tɪ bi sˈlændərd, ˈsɛnsərd ənd dɪˈstrɔɪd. ðə ˈoʊnli ˈpərsən hu həz ə ˈvɛstɪd ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn jʊr hɛlθ ɪz ju! ðə ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl kɑrˈtɛlz wɔnt ju tɪ hæv ə ʧɔɪs ɪn jʊr oʊn hɛlθ ˈaʊtˌkəm. aɪ prəˈmoʊt ˈnɑlɪʤ, ˈwɪzdəm ənd ɪmˈpaʊərmənt. ˈfridəm əv ʧɔɪs. dɪˈziz priˈvɛnʃən. ðə juz əv fud ɛz ˈmɛdəsən tɪ prɪˈvɛnt dɪˈziz. lərn mɔr æt:
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what is big pharma terrified of?
* they are terrified of natural medicine because it’s safer, more affordable and works better than pharmaceuticals!
* big pharma pays off journalists, bribes doctors and funds online mercenaries to attack proponents of natural medicine.
* they even attack anti-cancer foods and nutrition!
* they attack acupuncture, chiropractic, meditation, breastfeeding and much more.
* the real reason the medical establishment despises natural medicine is because it doesn’t cause side effects that bring huge revenues to doctors, hospitals and drug companies! (they feed off the repeat cycle of disease and sickness caused by the medical system itself!)
* we are living in an era where knowledge is monopolized by a power structure that wants the people to remain illiterate and ignorant about natural medicine.
big pharma feeds off ignorance and disease. this is their profit model. so they try to censor books, films, websites and knowledge.
* more people are waking up and realizing big pharma is a criminal cartel, created to harvest profits off your body.
* big pharma is engaged in abuses of human rights, medical experimentation on children, medical ethics violations.
* “if you’re in the business of selling drugs to sick people, the only way you keep making money is to keep people sick.”
* drug companies would never develop pills that actually worked to halt disease… it would put them out of business!
* “there is no corporate entity that will deliberately commit financial suicide.”
* drug companies created the massive, global “superbug” epidemic.
* the drug companies have financially infiltrated government, medical schools, academia and the mainstream media.
* by design, drugs never solve health problems. otherwise, there would be no repeat sales.
* the treatments of one disease cause another disease, when then requires more treatment.
* people on multiple pharmaceuticals are the least healthy people in society. they almost never get better!
* big pharma fakes the clinical trial data to produce whatever “scientific” results they want.
* all people who promote disease prevention are targeted by big pharma to be slandered, censored and destroyed.
* the only person who has a vested interest in your health is you!
* the pharmaceutical cartels don’t want you to have a choice in your own health outcome.
* i promote knowledge, wisdom andowerment. freedom of choice. disease prevention. the use of food as medicine to prevent disease.
learn more at:
http://naturalnews.com
http://medicine.news
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bojas* ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd dɪˈsɛmbər 2010 ˈnɛðərləndz 2396 poʊsts 2 ˈɛvəri grup ɪz ə grup əv dɛθ ˈproʊˌfaɪl blɔg ʤɔɪnd dɪˈsɛmbər 2011 ˈʤərməni 3823 poʊsts 3 di, ˈhoʊli fək. ə ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ mɔr stækt ðɛn bi si cheeseking*. θruaʊt pik ˈsoʊˌloʊ dɪˈvaɪn 5 ~ræŋk 100 w3a*, 60 [ud*]. ˌdiˈæbloʊ 2 grɪm dɔn poʊ nərd. ˈmeɪˌleɪ ʧɛs nərd ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2011 ˈaɪərlənd 1044 poʊsts 4 ðiz grups ər rɪˈdɪkjələs! "ˈdædi, haʊ dɪd ðə goʊ ɪkˈstɪŋkt?" "ə ʤaɪənt hɪt ðə ərθ" stɑrv ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ʤun 2011 ˈʤərməni 12271 poʊsts 5 ˈtərnəmənts ðiz deɪz ʤɪst hæv rɪˈdɪkjələs ˈlaɪˌnəps, ənd ðeɪ kip ˈkəmɪŋ ənd ˈkəmɪŋ. ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ɑkˈtoʊbər 2010 juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts 319 poʊsts 6 ə ɪz soʊ məʧ ˈhɑrdər ðən di. ʤɪst bɪˈkəz di həz meɪks ɪts ðə grup əv dɛθ? ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ˈeɪprəl 2010 juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts 1983 poʊsts 7 goʊ mma*! sɪk sɪk grups hir. 1 fæn! stɑrv ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ʤun 2011 ˈʤərməni 12271 poʊsts 8 ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 18 2012 roʊt: ə ɪz soʊ məʧ ˈhɑrdər ðən di. ʤɪst bɪˈkəz di həz meɪks ɪts ðə grup əv dɛθ? ɪts mɔr dongraegu*, ˌsupərˈnoʊvə ənd kas*, aɪ θɪŋk, bət ðeɪ ər ˈprɪti kloʊz, ˈmeɪbi ə slaɪt ɛʤ tɪ grup ə. ɪts mɔr dongraegu*, ˌsupərˈnoʊvə ənd kas*, aɪ θɪŋk, bət ðeɪ ər ˈprɪti kloʊz, ˈmeɪbi ə slaɪt ɛʤ tɪ grup ə. ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2011 juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts 2458 poʊsts 9 ˈaɪˈdi seɪ grup si ɪz dɪˈsɛptɪvli ˈdɛdli. ɪts nɑt laɪk grup ə wɛr ðɛr ɪz ə kəmˈplit ðət ɪz goʊɪŋ teɪk ɪt (kɔf mma*), ɪts ʤɪst ðət ˈɛvriˌwən ɪn ðət grup ɪz ə ˈbæˌdæs. stɪl ˈhæzənt ʧeɪnʤd hɪz kwoʊt ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ʤun 2011 sˈwidən 1871 poʊsts 10 grup di.... oʊ ɛm ʤi. ðɛn aɪ sɔ ðə ˈəðər grups. səˈprim kəˈmændər ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd meɪ 2011 592 poʊsts 11 ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 18 2012 roʊt: ə ɪz soʊ məʧ ˈhɑrdər ðən di. ʤɪst bɪˈkəz di həz meɪks ɪts ðə grup əv dɛθ? di ɪz ə grup əv dɛθ fər lɔl... di ɪz ə grup əv dɛθ fər lɔl... ˈproʊˌfaɪl blɔg ʤɔɪnd ɑkˈtoʊbər 2011 juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts 17857 poʊsts 12 ˈʧɪrɪŋ fər ə lɔt əv pleɪərz ɪn ðɪs ˈtʊrnəmənt. tim slayers*, ənd vaɪl fərˈɛvər ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ˈeɪprəl 2010 juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts 1142 poʊsts 13 ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ si haʊ ˈpumə dɪz ɪn ðɪs grup ɛz wɛl ɛz əˈsɛmbli. aɪ hæv ə ˈfilɪŋ ðə ˈpoʊdiəm wɪl bi ˈloʊdɪd wɪθ ˌkɔˈriənz məʧ laɪk læst jɪrz ˈfaɪnəlz. hoʊp ðət ðeɪ əˈnaʊns ðə ˈtændəm əv ənd ˈrɑtərˌdæm əˈgɛn fər ðɪs ɪˈvɛnt. ɪt wɑz wən əv ðə ˈwaɪldɪst ɪˈvɛnts tɪ wɔʧ ɪn 2011 ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ˈɔgəst 2011 sˈwidən 2709 poʊsts 14 ˈrɪli strɔŋ ˈlaɪˌnəp! kaɪnd əv ðət nɑt ə ˈsɪŋgəl swid kˈwɑləˌfaɪd ðoʊ! ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2012 ˈkænədə 166 poʊsts 15 ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 18 2012 roʊt: ə ɪz soʊ məʧ ˈhɑrdər ðən di. ʤɪst bɪˈkəz di həz meɪks ɪts ðə grup əv dɛθ? ju sər ər kərˈɛkt. minz dɛθ ɪn zergish*. ju sər ər kərˈɛkt. minz dɛθ ɪn zergish*. ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ʤun 2010 sˈwidən 7021 poʊsts 16 soʊ ˈmɛni gʊd pleɪərz bət aɪ θɪŋk wɪl teɪk ðɪs. grup di ˈmɛni gʊd pleɪərz bət aɪ θɪŋk wɪl teɪk ðɪs. flaɪɪŋ, ɛoʊɛs, fri, laɪt, ˈziroʊ ˈɑʃə ˈproʊˌfaɪl blɔg ʤɔɪnd noʊˈvɛmbər 2010 juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm 29818 poʊsts 17 grup di ɪz ˈvɛri nis!, ˌsupərˈnoʊvə, kas*, ril, ənd fist! ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ˈeɪprəl 2010 juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts 1142 poʊsts 18 ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 18 2012 roʊt: ˈrɪli strɔŋ ˈlaɪˌnəp! kaɪnd əv ðət nɑt ə ˈsɪŋgəl swid kˈwɑləˌfaɪd ðoʊ! ˈmɛni əv ðə tɔp swidz ər naʊ pleɪɪŋ ɪn ˌkɔˈriə ər ər ˈsteɪpəlz əv soʊ aɪ θɪŋk ɪts nɑt ðət bɪg əv ə dil. ˈaɪˈɛˈmoʊ ɪn ˌkɔˈriə ɪts ɪkˈstrimli ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ kəmˈpit ɪn ənd æt ðə seɪm taɪm. ˈmɛni əv ðə tɔp swidz ər naʊ pleɪɪŋ ɪn ˌkɔˈriə ər ər ˈsteɪpəlz əv soʊ aɪ θɪŋk ɪts nɑt ðət bɪg əv ə ɪn ˌkɔˈriə ɪkˈstrimli ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ kəmˈpit ɪn ənd æt ðə seɪm taɪm. ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd dɪˈsɛmbər 2010 ˈʤərməni 205 poʊsts 19 aɪ ˈvoʊtɪd fər grup di, bət nɑt bɪˈkəz əv :-pi kænt weɪt tɪ si haʊ pleɪz. ɪt wʊd bi soʊ ˈɔsəm ɪf hi wɪnz ðɪs ˈtʊrnəmənt hwaiting*! ˈproʊˌfaɪl ʤɔɪnd ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2012 ˌkɔˈriə (saʊθ) 103 poʊsts 20 ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn siɪŋ haʊ ˈpumə wɪl du kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðɛr ɪz ˈoʊnli 2 ɪn hɪz grup, hi wɪl ˈprɑbəˌbli gɪt laɪk ɪn hɪz grup ˈæftər ənd sɪns əˈgɛnst ɪz ˈprɪti hɑrd tɪ pʊl ɔf, bət ˈpumə kən du ɪt sɪns ðæts ðə ˈoʊnli ˈstrætəʤi hiz bɪn ˈjuzɪŋ sɪns hi ˈstɑrtɪd pleɪɪŋ, aɪ θɪŋk hi noʊz haʊ tɪ ˈɛksəˌkjut ɪt wɛl ɪˈnəf ðət hi kən juz ɪt ənd bit ənd terrans*. ɪf aɪ tɛl ju ðə truθ jul vaɪ fər ə laɪ. ɪf aɪ spɪlt maɪ gəts, ɪt wʊd meɪk ə mɛs wi kænt klin əp. seɪ jul ˈnɛvər liv mi 'kɔz aɪ nid ju soʊ məʧ. aɪ kænt lɪv wɪθ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf soʊ steɪ wɪθ mi təˈnaɪt. 1 2 3 4 5 23 24 25 nɛkst ɔl
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bojas profile joined december 2010 netherlands 2396 posts #2 every group is a group of death o.o
kalwarkov profile blog joined december 2011 germany 3823 posts #3 d, holy fuck. a is also more stacked then b c diabolus *** protoss cheeseking. sc2: 15x gm throughout wol/hots/lotv / dota2: peak 5.8k solo / divine 5 / wc3: 2016/2017 ~rank 100 w3a, 60%+ winrate [ud]. / diablo 2 / grim dawn / poe nerd. melee / chess nerd (watching)***
jtom profile joined january 2011 ireland 1044 posts #4 these groups are ridiculous! "daddy, how did the protossaurs go extinct?" "a giant emp hit the earth" - fionn
starve profile joined june 2011 germany 12271 posts #5 tournaments these days just have ridiculous lineups, and they keep coming and coming.
takezou profile joined october 2010 united states 319 posts #6 a is so much harder than d. just because d has idra makes its the group of death?
rjgooner profile joined april 2010 united states 1983 posts #7 go mma! sick sick groups here. #1 jaehoon fan! 김재훈 화팅!
starve profile joined june 2011 germany 12271 posts #8 on february 18 2012 07:40 takezou wrote:
a is so much harder than d. just because d has idra makes its the group of death?
it's more dongraegu, supernova and kas, i think, but imho they are pretty close, maybe a slight edge to group a. it's more dongraegu, supernova and kas, i think, but imho they are pretty close, maybe a slight edge to group a.
mcfeser profile joined july 2011 united states 2458 posts #9 id say group c is deceptively deadly. its not like group a where there is a complete allstar that is going take it (cough mma), its just that everyone in that group is a badass. promethelax still hasn't changed his quote
xcobidoo profile joined june 2011 sweden 1871 posts #10 group d.... o m g. then i saw the other groups. :o:o supreme intergalactic commander
chosenkerrigan profile joined may 2011 592 posts #11 on february 18 2012 07:40 takezou wrote:
a is so much harder than d. just because d has idra makes its the group of death?
d is a group of death for idra lol... d is a group of death for idra lol...
bagration profile blog joined october 2011 united states 17857 posts #12 cheering for a lot of players in this tournament. team slayers, axiom-acer and vile forever
onedayclose profile joined april 2010 united states 1142 posts #13 excited to see how puma does in this group as well as assembly. i have a feeling the podium will be loaded with koreans much like last years iem finals. hope that they announce the tandem of day9 and rotterdam again for this event. it was definately one of the wildest events to watch in 2011.
eee profile joined august 2011 sweden 2709 posts #14 really strong lineup! kind of dispointing that not a single swede qualified though! :/
midftw profile joined january 2012 canada 166 posts #15 on february 18 2012 07:40 takezou wrote:
a is so much harder than d. just because d has idra makes its the group of death?
you sir are correct. idra means death in zergish. you sir are correct. idra means death in zergish.
gladiator6 profile joined june 2010 sweden 7021 posts #16
so many good players but i think drg will take this. group d o_oso many good players but i think drg will take this. flying, sos, free, light, soulkey & zero
asha profile blog joined november 2010 united kingdom 29818 posts #17 group d is very nice!
drg, supernova, kas, real, and feast! #deletegyro
onedayclose profile joined april 2010 united states 1142 posts #18 on february 18 2012 08:01 eee wrote:
really strong lineup! kind of dispointing that not a single swede qualified though! :/
many of the top swedes are now playing in korea or are staples of mlg so i think its not that big of a deal.
imo practicing/competing in korea > iem
its extremely difficult to compete in mlg and iem at the same time. many of the top swedes are now playing in korea or are staples of mlg so i think its not that big of a deal.imo practicing/competing in korea > iemits extremely difficult to compete in mlg and iem at the same time.
rayjin profile joined december 2010 germany 205 posts #19 i voted for group d, but not because of idra :-p
cant wait to see how good/bad fruitdealer plays. it would be so awesome if he wins this tournament =)
fd hwaiting!
brootalbro profile joined february 2012 korea (south) 103 posts #20 interested in seeing how puma will do considering there is only 2 protoss in his group, he will probably get like 3rd in his group after dimaga and zenio since 1/1/1 against zerg is pretty hard to pull off, but puma can do it since that's the only strategy he's been using since he started playing, i think he knows how to execute it well enough that he can use it and beat zergs and terrans. if i tell you the truth you'll vie for a lie. if i spilt my guts, it would make a mess we can't clean up. say you'll never leave me 'cause i need you so much. i can't live with myself so stay with me tonight.
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gəv. ˈrɑbərt ˈbɛntli ˈrɛlɪʃt ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ spik ɪn ˈhəntsvɪl ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ tɪ pɪʧ hɪz plæn tɪ reɪz ˈtæksɪz ənd ˈmɛnʃən ðə wərd "ˈbɪlˌbɔrd" ɛz ˈɔfən ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. ɪt wɑz ˈbɛntliz fərst ˈpəblɪk əˈpɪrəns ɪn ˈhəntsvɪl sɪns steɪt sɛn. bɪl ˈhoʊltsklɔ, r-madison*, ˈrɛntɪd ə ˈbɪlˌbɔrd ɪn wɛst ˈhəntsvɪl dɪˈklɛrɪŋ hi wʊd wərk tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ˈbɛntliz tæks plæn wʊd nɑt pæs. deɪz ˈleɪtər, steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən dɪˈrɛktər ʤɑn ˈkupər əˈnaʊnst hi wɑz səˈspɛndɪŋ ˈfəndɪŋ fər roʊd ˈprɑʤɛkts ɪn ˈdɪstrɪkt. ənd ðət səˈspɛnʃən rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ˈifɛkt, ˈbɛntli sɛd ˈθərzˌdeɪ. ˈbɛntli əˈdrɛst kəmˈjunɪti ənd ɪˈlɛktɪd ˈlidərz æt ðə ˈkaʊnti ˈʧeɪmbər əv ˈkɑmərs ɛz pɑrt əv ə ˈsteɪtˌwaɪd tʊr tɪ drəm əp səˈpɔrt fər ˈreɪzɪŋ ˈtæksɪz. ðə ˈgəvərnər rɪˈsivd ə ˈstændɪŋ oʊˈveɪʃən ɛz hi tʊk ðə ˈpoʊdiəm. ɪt ðɛn tʊk ɪm ˈoʊnli θri ˈmɪnəts fər ðə fərst ˈmɛnʃən əv ə ˈbɪlˌbɔrd. əˈpɑn siɪŋ steɪt rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. maɪk bɔl, r-madison*, ɪn ðə ˈɔdiəns, ˈbɛntli sɛd, "maɪk, θæŋk ju fər ˈkəmɪŋ. aɪl hæv tɪ gɪv ju ə ˈspɛʃəl stɑr ər ˈsəmθɪŋ. ər ˈmeɪbi wi woʊnt pʊt ə ˈbɪlˌbɔrd əp ɪn jʊr ˈdɪstrɪkt." ðə ˈbɪlˌbɔrd wɑz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɔn ˌjunəˈvərsəti draɪv ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri. ɪt ridz "ˈgəvərnər ˈbɛntli wɔnts tɪ reɪz jʊr ˈtæksɪz. aɪ wɪl nɑt lɛt ðət ˈhæpən. fi ˈsɛnətər bɪl ˈhoʊltsklɔ" ənd ɪz peɪd fər baɪ ðə frɛndz əv ˈsɛnətər ˈhoʊltsklɔ. (ˈsɛrə cole/scole@al.com*) ðə ˈɔdiəns læft ənd əˈgɛn ˈmɪnəts ˈleɪtər wɪn steɪt rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. mæk məˈkəʧən, r-monrovia*, gɑt ðə seɪm ˈtritmənt. ɪn ə brif ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ rɪˈpɔrtərz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ hɪz spiʧ, ˈbɛntli wɑz æst əˈbaʊt ðə ˈstætəs əv ðə roʊd ˈfəndɪŋ: "ɪts nɑt bæk jɛt." wɪn wɪl ɪt bi rɪˈstɔrd? "wi nid tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ ɑr ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtərz tɪ hɛlp ˈjuˈɛs sɑlv ðə ril ˈprɑbləmz ɪn ðə steɪt," ˈbɛntli ˈænsərd. "ju noʊ, aɪ doʊnt wɔnt tɪ ɪmˈbɛrəs ˈɛni əv ɑr ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtərz baɪ ˈbrɪŋɪŋ tæks ˈdɔlərz ˈɪntu ðɛr ˈdɪstrɪkt wɪn ðeɪ ˈrɪli doʊnt laɪk ˈtæksɪz." ɪn ə æt ðə kənˈkluʒən əv ˈbɛntliz spiʧ, ðoʊ, ˈhəntsvɪl ˈsɪti ˈkaʊnsəlmən wɪl ˈkəlvər hu ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts wɛst ˈhəntsvɪl æst ðə ˈgəvərnər əˈbaʊt ðə roʊd ˈfəndɪŋ. ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, ˈkəlvər sɛd hi həz ə taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ ˈskɛʤʊld nɛkst wik ənd "aɪ noʊ ðət kˈwɛʃən ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ kəm əp." "ɪf ju gɪt ðət kˈwɛʃən," ˈbɛntli toʊld ˈkəlvər, "ju tɛl ðɛm tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ ðɛr ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtərz tɪ du wət aɪ wɔnt tɪ gɪt dən ənd wɪl du ɪt." ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz spiʧ, ˈbɛntli wɔkt hɪz ˈɔdiəns θru ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts əv hɪz plæn ənd ðɛn ərʤd ðɛm tɪ "ɪnˈkərəʤ" ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə tæks plæn ˈivɪn ɪf ðeɪ meɪ hæv kæmˈpeɪnd ɔn ə plɛʤ əv nɑt ˈreɪzɪŋ ˈtæksɪz, wɪʧ ˈhoʊltsklɔ həz sɛd hi dɪd ɪn ˈwɪnɪŋ ə ˈsɛkənd tərm ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər. əˈməŋ ðoʊz ɪn əˈtɛndəns wər ˈhəntsvɪl meɪər ˈtɑmi ˈbætəl, ˈmædɪsən meɪər trɔɪ ˈtrələk, ˈæθənz meɪər ˈrɑni mɑrks, ˈmædɪsən ˈkaʊnti kəˈmɪʃən ʧɛr deɪl strɔŋ ənd ˈkaʊnti kəˈmɪʃən ˈmɛmbərz frəm ˈmædɪsən ənd ˈlaɪmˌstoʊn ˈkaʊntiz ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈkaʊnsəl ˈmɛmbərz frəm ˈhəntsvɪl ənd dɪˈkeɪtər. "ɪts ˈoʊˈkeɪ tɪ ʧeɪnʤ jʊr maɪnd wɪn ju si ðə ril ˈɪʃu aʊt ðɛr," ˈbɛntli sɛd. "ɪts ˈoʊˈkeɪ. ɪn fækt ɪt teɪks mɔr kərɪʤ tɪ du ðət ðən ɪt dɪz tɪ seɪ noʊ."
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gov. robert bentley relished the opportunity to speak in huntsville on thursday to pitch his plan to raise taxes and mention the word "billboard" as often as possible.
it was bentley's first public appearance in huntsville since state sen. bill holtzclaw, r-madison, rented a billboard in west huntsville declaring he would work to make sure bentley's tax plan would not pass.
days later, state department of transportation director john cooper announced he was suspending funding for road projects in holtzclaw's district. and that suspension remains in effect, bentley said thursday.
bentley addressed community and elected leaders at the huntsville/madison county chamber of commerce as part of a statewide tour to drum up support for raising taxes.
the governor received a standing ovation as he took the podium. it then took him only three minutes for the first mention of a billboard.
upon seeing state rep. mike ball, r-madison, in the audience, bentley said, "mike, thank you for coming. i'll have to give you a special star or something. or maybe we won't put a billboard up in your district."
the billboard was located on university drive in february. it reads "governor bentley wants to raise your taxes. i will not let that happen. semper fi - senator bill holtzclaw" and is paid for by the friends of senator holtzclaw. (sarah cole/scole@al.com)
the audience laughed and again minutes later when state rep. mac mccutcheon, r-monrovia, got the same treatment.
in a brief meeting with reporters following his speech, bentley was asked about the status of the road funding: "it's not back yet."
when will it be restored?
"we need to encourage our legislators to help us solve the real problems in the state," bentley answered. "you know, i don't want to embarrass any of our legislators by bringing tax dollars into their district when they really don't like taxes."
in a q&a at the conclusion of bentley's speech, though, huntsville city councilman will culver - who represents west huntsville - asked the governor about the road funding.
in particular, culver said he has a town hall meeting scheduled next week and "i know that question is going to come up."
"if you get that question," bentley told culver, "you tell them to encourage their legislators to do what i want to get done and we'll do it."
during his speech, bentley walked his audience through the benefits of his plan and then urged them to "encourage" lawmakers to support the tax plan even if they may have campaigned on a pledge of not raising taxes, which holtzclaw has said he did in winning a second term in november.
among those in attendance were huntsville mayor tommy battle, madison mayor troy trulock, athens mayor ronnie marks, madison county commission chair dale strong and county commission members from madison and limestone counties as well as council members from huntsville and decatur.
"it's ok to change your mind when you see the real issue out there," bentley said. "it's ok. in fact it takes more courage to do that than it does to say no."
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aɪ ˈnɛvər θɔt teɪk ən ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈæləˌmoʊni rɪˈfɔrm: ˈnɛvər bɪn ˈmɛrid. ðə dɪˈpɑzəts ðət əraɪv ɪn maɪ bæŋk əˈkaʊnt kəm frəm maɪ ɪmˈplɔɪər. aɪ dɪd ðə house”*” bət ˈoʊnli bɪˈkəz aɪ peɪd fər ɪt. bət ˈrisəntli aɪ bɪˈkeɪm ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɪθ ˈsəmˌwən dɪˈvɔrst. ənd ˈəndər ˌmæsəˈʧusəts lɔ, rikˈwaɪərd tɪ sɛnd ˈwikli ʧɛks tɪ hɪz ˈɛksˈwaɪf, ˈivɪn ðoʊ bɪn ˈlɪvɪŋ wɪθ əˈnəðər mæn fər jɪrz. ðət meɪk sɛns tɪ mi. ðɛr ər ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz wɛr ˈæləˌmoʊni ɪz ˈnidɪd, bət aɪ θɔt ɪt wɑz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ɛnd wɪn ðə ˈpərsən rɪˈsivɪŋ ðə ʧɛks sɛt əp ˈhaʊˌskipɪŋ wɪθ ə nu ˈpɑrtnər. tərnz aʊt aɪ wɑz raɪt sɔrt əv. ɪn 2011 ˌmæsəˈʧusəts pæst ðə ˈæləˌmoʊni rɪˈfɔrm ækt, wɪʧ wɑz mɛnt tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ˌɪˈnɛkwətiz ɪn ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈæləˌmoʊni lɔz. ˈəndər ðə oʊld lɔ, ɪf jʊr ɛks muvd ɪn wɪθ ə nu ˈpɑrtnər, ˈivɪn ə rɪʧ wən, bət gɪt ˈmɛrid, ju wʊd ˈlaɪkli stɪl bi ɔn ðə hʊk fər ðə ˈæləˌmoʊni fər ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ju boʊθ ʃæl lɪv, ɛz ju wəns sɛd ɪn ˈbɛtər taɪmz. ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈnəθɪŋ kʊd ʧeɪnʤ ðət ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ jʊr rɪˈtaɪərmənt. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ðə ˈæləˌmoʊni rɪˈfɔrm ækt, wɪʧ tʊk ˈifɛkt ɔn mɑrʧ 1 2012 eɪmd tɪ gɪv ə laɪt æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈtənəl. ɪt ˈstɪpjəˌleɪts ðət hu lɪv wɪθ ə ˈpɑrtnər fər ə kənˈtɪnjuəs ˈpɪriəd əv æt list θri mənθs meɪ ˈfɔrfɪt ðɛr ˈæləˌmoʊni ənd ðət ˈæləˌmoʊni meɪ bi ˈtərməˌneɪtɪd wəns ðə ˈriʧɪz ðə fʊl ˈsoʊʃəl sɪˈkjʊrəti rɪˈtaɪərmənt eɪʤ. ðɛr ər ə fju ɪkˈsɛpʃənz tɪ ðoʊz rulz, bət ˈbeɪsɪkli, ɪt saʊnz ˈsɪmpəl, raɪt? gɪt ˈtudeɪz ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz ɪn jʊr inbox*: ðə deɪz tɔp ˈstɔriz dɪˈlɪvərd ˈɛvəri ˈmɔrnɪŋ. saɪn əp θæŋk ju fər ˈsaɪnɪŋ əp! saɪn əp fər mɔr ˈnuzˌlɛtərz hir noʊ. ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈnɪrli ɛz ˈmɛsi ɛz ə ˈhɑliˌwʊd dɪˈvɔrs, θæŋks tɪ wən smɔl tərn əv freɪz ðət ðə səˈprim ʤuˈdɪʃəl kɔrt əv ˌmæsəˈʧusəts rɛd ɛz æmˈbɪgjuəs. moʊst ˈlɔjərz ənd ˈmɛni ˈʤəʤɪz ɪt wɑz nɑt ambiguous,”*,” sɪz stiv, ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə ˈædvəkəsi grup ˌmæsəˈʧusəts ˈæləˌmoʊni rɪˈfɔrm. ə pis əv ðə lɔ ðət sɪz ‘‘prospective,’*,’ ˈminɪŋ ˈsəmˌwən ˈkænɑt goʊ bæk ənd rɪˈkup ˈməni ɔˈrɛdi peɪd. bət ðə tʊk ðə wərd ‘‘prospective’*’ tɪ min ðət ðə rɪˈfɔrm ækt ˈoʊnli əˈplaɪd tɪ dɪˈvɔrsɪz ðət teɪk pleɪs ˈæftər ɪt wɛnt ˈɪntu effect.”*.” ðə ˈbeɪsɪkli ˈnigeɪtɪd ˈsərtən ki ˈsɛkʃənz əv ðə rɪˈfɔrm ækt ɪn ˈsɛvərəl ˈrulɪŋz ˈhændɪd daʊn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 30 2015 ʧɪn vi. merriot*, ˈrɑdmən vi. ˈrɑdmən, ənd ˈdɑktər vi. ˈdɑktər. ðiz ˈrulɪŋz hæv ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌɪmˈpækt: ɪn ʤɪst ðə ˈdɛkeɪd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə rɪˈfɔrm ækt wɛnt ˈɪntu ˈifɛkt, ðɛr wər ˈnɪrli dɪˈvɔrsɪz ɪn ˌmæsəˈʧusəts. wən əv ðɛm wɑz ˈpitər premo’s*. ˈprɛmoʊ, ə ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr frəm ˈwʊstər, ənd hɪz waɪf splɪt ɪn 2010 wɪn koʊˌhæbəˈteɪʃən ə ˈrizən tɪ ɛnd ˈæləˌmoʊni. soʊ ˈivɪn ðoʊ ʃi muvd ɪn wɪθ hər nu boʊ, ˈprɛmoʊ wɑz rikˈwaɪərd tɪ kip peɪɪŋ. wɪn hɪz ɛks ənd hər ˈpɑrtnər wɛnt tɪ ə ˈɛˈleɪˈɛs ˈveɪgəs ˈwɛdɪŋ ˈʧæpəl, ˈprɛmoʊ θɔt hɪz deɪz wər ˈoʊvər, bət hi wɑz rɔŋ. ɪt tərnz aʊt ðə married”*” ˈbəmpər ˈstɪkər ʃi pʊt ɔn hər kɑr ɪgˈzæktli ˈækjərət, bɪˈkəz ðə ˈkəpəl ˈnɛvər gɑt ə ˈmɛrɪʤ ˈlaɪsəns. soʊ ˈəndər ðə lɔ, ˈprɛmoʊ wɑz stɪl rikˈwaɪərd tɪ səˈpɔrt hər, ““husband”*” ənd ɔl. dɪˈnis skwiˈlɑnteɪ, ə ˈfɔrmər ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə ˌmæsəˈʧusəts bɑr əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən hu hɛlpt tɪ raɪt ðə ˈstæʧut, sɪz ðə ˈæləˌmoʊni riˈvɪʒən wɑz ɪn fækt ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ əˈplaɪ ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪvli. wɑz there,”*,” ʃi sɪz. noʊ wət wi meant.”*.” bət bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈrulɪŋz, rɪˈtaɪərmənt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ˈnəθɪŋ ənd hu dɪˈvɔrst ˌbiˈfɔr mɑrʧ 2012 gɪt tɪ trit ˈæləˌmoʊni ɛz ðə θɪŋ noʊ wən kən pʊt əˈsəndər, ənˈlɛs ðeɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli riˈmɛri. soʊ æt list səm əv ðɛm don’t*; kɔl ðɛm ˈɛksɪz wɪθ ˈbɛnəfɪts. ə bɪt droʊl tɪ si ðɪs wəns ˈpjʊrətən steɪt kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ tɪ rɪˈwɔrd ˈpipəl fər ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn sɪn. bət fər laɪk maɪ ˈpɑrtnər, ɪt ˈfəni. wərs, skwiˈlɑnteɪ sɪz, nɑt ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈikwəl prəˈtɛkʃən ˈəndər ðə law.”*.” ˈikwəl prəˈtɛkʃən ɪz ðə krəks əv ðə əˈmɛndmənt tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən. ðə ˈikwəl prəˈtɛkʃən klɔz həz bɪn juzd tɪ prɪˈvɛnt dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən ɪn ˈhaʊzɪŋ ənd wɑz ə ˈkɔrnərˌstoʊn əv ðə səˈprim dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˈligəˌlaɪz geɪ ˈmɛrɪʤ ə dɪˈsɪʒən meɪd ðə seɪm jɪr ˈifɛktɪvli ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ kriˈeɪt tu ˈklæsɪz əv dɪˈvɔrsɪz, dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn wɪn ju broʊk əp. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt læst jɪr, steɪt ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ˌɪntrəˈdust ə bɪl tɪ fɪks ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ, soʊ ðə lɔ wʊd ˈkəvər ˈɛvriˌwən. ɪt pæst juˈnænəməsli ɪn ðə haʊs bət daɪd ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt. naʊ, ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtərz ər traɪɪŋ əˈgɛn tɪ sɛt θɪŋz raɪt. ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈvərʒən əv ðə ““re-reform”*” bɪl, ɪz wɪθ ðə ʤɔɪnt kəˈmɪti ɔn ðə ʤuˈdɪʃiˌɛri, wɪʧ həz ə ˈhirɪŋ ˈskɛʤʊld fər meɪ 15 ɪf ɪt ɪz blɑkt ə ˈsɛkənd taɪm, fɪrz ɪt wɪl bi jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈɪʃu ɪz riˈvɪzətɪd. wɪl luz momentum,”*,” hi sɪz. wət ˈtɪpɪkəli ˈhæpənz. bət ɪf ɪt pæs ðə ˈsɛkənd taɪm, bi back.”*.” ɪn ðə ˈminˌwaɪl, ˈpipəl hu dɪˈvɔrst ˌbiˈfɔr ðə lɔ tʊk ˈifɛkt məst ˈfɑloʊ ðə oʊld rulz ɔn ˈæləˌmoʊni, fər ˈbɛtər ər wərs. aɪ luz maɪ ʤɑb, ɪf aɪ ˌriˈtaɪər, aɪ stɪl hæv tɪ peɪ ðɪs ˈməni ˈɛvəri week,”*,” ˈprɛmoʊ sɪz. bɪn dɪˈvɔrst fər haʊ lɔŋ? lɛt mi goʊ. lɛt mi gɪt ɔn wɪθ maɪ life.”*.” luiz sloʊn ɪz ə ˈraɪtər ɪn roʊd ˈaɪlənd. sɛnd ˈkɑmɛnts tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ˈjuˈɛs ɔn tˈwɪtər
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