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google-centric are turning out to be a big deal and only getting bigger. shipments of laptops running chrome os increased 67 percent in the third quarter of 2014 compared to the previous quarter, according to market research firm research.
a big jump like that should be expected, however, when comparing a selling period to the season. really interesting is that expects shipments to double in size for 2014 compared to 2013. also predicts that north america will account for 78 percent of worldwide sales for 2014.
why this matters: the pc market what it used to be, but are surging in popularity. google recently claimed that now account for 50 percent of sales to education institutions in the u.s., according to chrome. microsoft has also noticed this trend and went after the growing popularity of during berlin in september. during the trade show, windows pc also happen to be a bunch of dirt cheap, windows laptops to compete with chrome os devices.
more than just a browser in a box
chromebooks started out as devices that were more or less useless without an internet connection. since then, however, chrome os has morphed into a more powerful platform with offline functionality, a special version of adobe photoshop, a growing catalog of apps, and deep integration with android.
add to that popular suite of productivity apps from to google drive and easy to see why are becoming more popular. the fact that very inexpensive and to maintain surely helps as well.
not content with just, google is also expanding chrome os functionality into other platforms. this is especially true for windows, where anyone running windows can run chrome in modern mode, where it basically transforms into a version of chrome os.
allowing people to become comfortable using the chrome ecosystem within a pc platform already used to could earn google a few more converts to chrome os over time.
but not be too bullish. still early days for the, and fighting microsoft on its home turf of the pc market rarely turns out well. as points out, could turn out to be just another fad like before them, especially once a wave of low-cost, windows with laptops flood the market.
but were killed by tablets, not microsoft. and unlike, are full-sized laptops that are (er, at least the latest models). add to that the’s low to mention major investment in the chrome os hard to see disappearing overnight the way did. | google-centric* ər ˈtərnɪŋ aʊt tɪ bi ə bɪg dil ənd ˈoʊnli ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈbɪgər. ˈʃɪpmənts əv ˈlæpˌtɑps ˈrənɪŋ kroʊm ɑs ˌɪnˈkrist 67 pərˈsɛnt ɪn ðə θərd kˈwɔrtər əv 2014 kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə ˈpriviəs kˈwɔrtər, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈmɑrkɪt ˈrisərʧ fərm ˈrisərʧ. ə bɪg ʤəmp laɪk ðət ʃʊd bi ɪkˈspɛktɪd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɪn kəmˈpɛrɪŋ ə ˈsɛlɪŋ ˈpɪriəd tɪ ðə ˈsizən. ˈrɪli ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ɪz ðət ɪkˈspɛkts ˈʃɪpmənts tɪ ˈdəbəl ɪn saɪz fər 2014 kəmˈpɛrd tɪ 2013 ˈɔlsoʊ prɪˈdɪkts ðət nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə wɪl əˈkaʊnt fər 78 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈwərldˈwaɪd seɪlz fər 2014 waɪ ðɪs ˈmætərz: ðə ˈpiˈsi ˈmɑrkɪt wət ɪt juzd tɪ bi, bət ər ˈsərʤɪŋ ɪn ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti. ˈgugəl ˈrisəntli kleɪmd ðət naʊ əˈkaʊnt fər 50 pərˈsɛnt əv seɪlz tɪ ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz ɪn ðə juz., əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ kroʊm. ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnoʊtɪst ðɪs trɛnd ənd wɛnt ˈæftər ðə groʊɪŋ ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti əv ˈdʊrɪŋ bərˈlɪn ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə treɪd ʃoʊ, ˈwɪndoʊz ˈpiˈsi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈhæpən tɪ bi ə bənʧ əv dərt ʧip, ˈwɪndoʊz ˈlæpˌtɑps tɪ kəmˈpit wɪθ kroʊm ɑs dɪˈvaɪsɪz. mɔr ðən ʤɪst ə ˈbraʊzər ɪn ə bɑks ˈstɑrtɪd aʊt ɛz dɪˈvaɪsɪz ðət wər mɔr ər lɛs ˈjusləs wɪˈθaʊt ən ˈɪntərˌnɛt kəˈnɛkʃən. sɪns ðɛn, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, kroʊm ɑs həz mɔrft ˈɪntu ə mɔr ˈpaʊərfəl ˈplætˌfɔrm wɪθ ˈɔˌflaɪn ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti, ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈvərʒən əv əˈdoʊbi ˈfoʊˌtoʊˌʃɑp, ə groʊɪŋ ˈkætəlɔg əv æps, ənd dip ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən wɪθ ˈænˌdrɔɪd. æd tɪ ðət ˈpɑpjələr swit əv ˌproʊdəkˈtɪvɪti æps frəm tɪ ˈgugəl draɪv ənd ˈizi tɪ si waɪ ər bɪˈkəmɪŋ mɔr ˈpɑpjələr. ðə fækt ðət ˈvɛri ˌɪnɪkˈspɛnsɪv ənd tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ˈʃʊrli hɛlps ɛz wɛl. nɑt ˈkɑntɛnt wɪθ ʤɪst, ˈgugəl ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ɪkˈspændɪŋ kroʊm ɑs ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti ˈɪntu ˈəðər ˈplætˌfɔrmz. ðɪs ɪz əˈspɛʃəli tru fər ˈwɪndoʊz, wɛr ˈɛniˌwən ˈrənɪŋ ˈwɪndoʊz kən rən kroʊm ɪn ˈmɑdərn moʊd, wɛr ɪt ˈbeɪsɪkli trænsˈfɔrmz ˈɪntu ə ˈvərʒən əv kroʊm ɑs. əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈpipəl tɪ bɪˈkəm ˈkəmfərtəbəl ˈjuzɪŋ ðə kroʊm ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm wɪˈθɪn ə ˈpiˈsi ˈplætˌfɔrm ɔˈrɛdi juzd tɪ kʊd ərn ˈgugəl ə fju mɔr ˈkɑnvərts tɪ kroʊm ɑs ˈoʊvər taɪm. bət nɑt bi tu ˈbʊlɪʃ. stɪl ˈərli deɪz fər ðə, ənd ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ɔn ɪts hoʊm tərf əv ðə ˈpiˈsi ˈmɑrkɪt ˈrɛrli tərnz aʊt wɛl. ɛz pɔɪnts aʊt, kʊd tərn aʊt tɪ bi ʤɪst əˈnəðər fæd laɪk ˌbiˈfɔr ðɛm, əˈspɛʃəli wəns ə weɪv əv ˌloʊˈkɔst, ˈwɪndoʊz wɪθ ˈlæpˌtɑps fləd ðə ˈmɑrkɪt. bət wər kɪld baɪ ˈtæbləts, nɑt ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft. ənd ənˈlaɪk, ər ˈfʊlˌsaɪzd ˈlæpˌtɑps ðət ər (ər, æt list ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈmɑdəlz). æd tɪ ðət ðə loʊ tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ˈmeɪʤər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ðə kroʊm ɑs hɑrd tɪ si ˌdɪsəˈpɪrɪŋ ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ðə weɪ dɪd. |
trump's alleged racism: who may cast the first stone?
we need to forgive repentant historical figures like gen. lee
august 22, 2017
then came peter to him, and said, "lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me, and i forgive him? until seven times?" jesus says unto him, "i say not unto you, until seven times, but until seventy time seven." (matthew 18:)
and the scribes and the began to reason, saying, "who is this which speaks blasphemies? who can forgive sins, but god alone?" but jesus, perceiving their thoughts, he answered and said unto them, "what reason have you in your hearts? which is easier, to say your sins are forgiven you; or to say, rise up and walk? but that you may know that the son of man has power on earth to forgive sins (he said unto him that was palsied:) i say unto you, arise, and take up your couch, and go into your house." (luke)
and when he was alone, they that were about him with the twelve asked of him the parable. and he said unto them: to you it is given to know the mystery of the kingdom of god: but unto them that are without, all these things are done in parables: that seeing they may see, and not perceive, and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest at any time they should be converted, and their sins should be forgiven them. (mark)
take heed to yourselves: if your brother sin against you, him: and if he do penance, forgive him. and if he sin against you seven times in a day, and seven times in a day be converted unto thee, saying: i repent: forgive him. and the apostles said to the lord: increase our faith. (luke)
the demand also has something to do with the elitist desire to suppress all thought of the venerable american view that "resistance to tyranny is obedience to god." this view led many southerners who rejected slavery to object to interference with what they (mistakenly) believed to be the north's interference with their right of self-determination. it's a view understandably repugnant to the snarling demagogues presently intent on establishing elitist, totalitarian government in the united states.
in the context of what actually happened to the confederacy, and the people and states of which it was composed, the battle flag of the confederacy no longer stands for the specious assertion of some right to do what is fundamentally wrong. it does, however, stand for the inevitable freedom to be wrong even if, more often than not, we have to endure the consequences of our wrongdoing before we will admit we were wrong.
which of us can claim to be exempt from this folly? which of us can pretend that we would escape rebuke in a world where someone meted out to us all the punishment we are due? in the new testament account, god's standard of perfection cowed the crowd that was all poised to stone the adulteress. so, the likely wickedness of actions like abortion which even hillary clinton once said is not a good thing but which we are now indulging, promoting or tolerating ought to warn us against seeking to erase all reminders of the fact that people often do evil for the sake of something they mistake for good, at the time.
to see more articles by dr. keyes, visit his blog at and his commentary at and barbwire.com.
by alan keyes not long ago, in the context of a furor over the confederate flag, i wrote two articles, comprising an essay about the deceitful nature of the demand that americans cleanse our public consciousness of anything that honors americans who practiced advocated racism, the enslavement of blacks, or the regime of racial segregation, discrimination, and bigotry our nation once tolerated. in the first part of the essay , i anticipated the crisis that is now being exploited to tar president trump with opprobrium for his alleged reluctance to set racist violence apart for special condemnation. in the second part , i asked people to ponder the subversive anti- american agenda this demand for purity actually surprises me that people who profess to be followers of christ seem willing to accept the unforgiving demand for historical cleansing that puts human beings in the place of god when it comes to judging sinners after death.gen. sherman said that "war is hell." there are many who would say that during his infamous "scorched earth" campaign through georgia during the late fall of 1864 he did his best to act the part of satan's lieutenant, as his forces torched and tormented both infrastructure and people along the way. in his second inaugural, lincoln literally accepts the premise that the civil war was punishment god inflicted on the people of the united state for the sin of practicing, or by law protecting, racist is it not enough for the present generation of self-righteous sinners in the united states that god exacted this terrible price for our nation's sins? why is it not enough that, on account of the scourge of war, americans repented of the sin our nation knowingly inflicted on my enslaved ancestors? they let my people go, even as pharaoh let go the israelites, on account of the plagues god visited upon his kingdom. the nation repented of its the strong resentment of many of his fellow southerners, robert e. lee did not refuse to surrender, at appomattox, to god's will. he did not refuse to urge his fellow to accept god's judgment against the sin of slavery, and get on with building the nation that had finally reconciled itself to the law of liberty god prescribed for his creation. to be sure, he did not instantly purge himself of the views and preferences america's culture of racial bigotry inevitably inculcated. there were doubtless many times when those habits betrayed him into unjust attitudes, remarks, and for all that, like many of his compatriots in the states of the confederacy, he appears to have resisted the temptation to the terms of its surrender. how many times should we forgive them for sliding back into the of racist bigotry and pride? how often should we forgive them the credit they are due, for deciding, nonetheless, to uphold the discipline of god's justice required by the premises of our national we tear down the statues of president lyndon johnson for the evidence of racist bigotry in his political life? or should we honor the leadership he gave to complete the passage of the civil rights act? should we forbid the people of virginia, south carolina, and georgia to honor the memories of the ancestors who labored, for all their faults, to build a future of decent liberty for their posterity? or should we leave them to honor people like thomas jefferson, james f. byrnes (truman's secretary of state), and jimmy carter for the service they gave to establish the right foundations of our nation, preserve it in service to human decency from totalitarian tyranny, or throughout the world its standard for human rights and the standard of true moral perfection, all humanity falls short. some of the same people who spit on lee's statue angrily rejected the notion that margaret statue should be removed from an exhibit at the smithsonian. when the standard of perfect right and justice is applied, which of us will escape the judgment our unpaid debt to truth and righteousness deserves? we shall all require forgiveness no human being is equipped to give us. why then is it right that any of us should demand leave to inflict implacable judgment on others, even though they have largely repented of their a christian, praying each day the prayer, i have struggled to heed christ's warnings. i reject those who think that it is loving to let people risk the ultimate judgment of god. so, i refuse to lie about what he says is required to avoid perdition. but i also reject the hubris that purports to punish people, after death, with annihilation. that power belongs to god and god alone. he will remember those he will remember, according to the perfect standard history be. leave those who will not be converted by the gospel of truth to the judgment of god. but if they repent, surrendering, however imperfectly, to the standard of god's truth and justice, forgive them, as we must pray that god will forgive us. such forgiveness is the only way to endure in the fight against evil, without becoming evil the only way to learn and remember what we need to know of evil in order to defeat it and to do it all without forgetting what is good and right and true and just. which is to say, without forgetting that, and we are© alan keyes | trəmps əˈlɛʤd ˈreɪˌsɪzəm: hu meɪ kæst ðə fərst stoʊn? wi nid tɪ fərˈgɪv rɪˈpɛntənt hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈfɪgjərz laɪk ʤɛn. li ˈɔgəst 22 2017 ðɛn keɪm ˈpitər tɪ ɪm, ənd sɛd, "lɔrd, haʊ ɔft ʃæl maɪ ˈbrəðər sɪn əˈgɛnst mi, ənd aɪ fərˈgɪv ɪm? ənˈtɪl ˈsɛvən taɪmz?" ˈʤizəs sɪz ˈəntu ɪm, "aɪ seɪ nɑt ˈəntu ju, ənˈtɪl ˈsɛvən taɪmz, bət ənˈtɪl ˈsɛvənti taɪm ˈsɛvən." (ˈmæθju 18 ənd ðə skraɪbz ənd ðə bɪˈgæn tɪ ˈrizən, seɪɪŋ, "hu ɪz ðɪs wɪʧ spiks blasphemies*? hu kən fərˈgɪv sɪnz, bət gɑd əˈloʊn?" bət ˈʤizəs, pərˈsivɪŋ ðɛr θɔts, hi ˈænsərd ənd sɛd ˈəntu ðɛm, "wət ˈrizən hæv ju ɪn jʊr hɑrts? wɪʧ ɪz ˈiziər, tɪ seɪ jʊr sɪnz ər fərˈgɪvən ju; ər tɪ seɪ, raɪz əp ənd wɔk? bət ðət ju meɪ noʊ ðət ðə sən əv mæn həz paʊər ɔn ərθ tɪ fərˈgɪv sɪnz (hi sɛd ˈəntu ɪm ðət wɑz palsied*:) aɪ seɪ ˈəntu ju, əraɪz, ənd teɪk əp jʊr kaʊʧ, ənd goʊ ˈɪntu jʊr haʊs." (luk ənd wɪn hi wɑz əˈloʊn, ðeɪ ðət wər əˈbaʊt ɪm wɪθ ðə twɛlv æst əv ɪm ðə ˈpɛrəbəl. ənd hi sɛd ˈəntu ðɛm: tɪ ju ɪt ɪz ˈgɪvɪn tɪ noʊ ðə ˈmɪstəri əv ðə ˈkɪŋdəm əv gɑd: bət ˈəntu ðɛm ðət ər wɪˈθaʊt, ɔl ðiz θɪŋz ər dən ɪn ˈpɛrəbəlz: ðət siɪŋ ðeɪ meɪ si, ənd nɑt pərˈsiv, ənd ˈhirɪŋ ðeɪ meɪ hir, ənd nɑt ˌəndərˈstænd; lɛst æt ˈɛni taɪm ðeɪ ʃʊd bi kənˈvərtɪd, ənd ðɛr sɪnz ʃʊd bi fərˈgɪvən ðɛm. (mɑrk teɪk hid tɪ ˈjɔrsɛlvz: ɪf jʊr ˈbrəðər sɪn əˈgɛnst ju, ɪm: ənd ɪf hi du ˈpɛnəns, fərˈgɪv ɪm. ənd ɪf hi sɪn əˈgɛnst ju ˈsɛvən taɪmz ɪn ə deɪ, ənd ˈsɛvən taɪmz ɪn ə deɪ bi kənˈvərtɪd ˈəntu ði, seɪɪŋ: aɪ rɪˈpɛnt: fərˈgɪv ɪm. ənd ðə əˈpɔsəlz sɛd tɪ ðə lɔrd: ˌɪnˈkris ɑr feɪθ. (luk ðə dɪˈmænd ˈɔlsoʊ həz ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ du wɪθ ðə ɪˈlitɪst dɪˈzaɪər tɪ səˈprɛs ɔl θɔt əv ðə ˈvɛnərəbəl əˈmɛrɪkən vju ðət "rɪˈzɪstəns tɪ ˈtɪrəni ɪz oʊˈbidiəns tɪ gɑd." ðɪs vju lɛd ˈmɛni ˈsəðərnərz hu rɪˈʤɛktɪd sˈleɪvəri tɪ ˈɑbʤɛkt tɪ ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns wɪθ wət ðeɪ (mɪˈsteɪkənli) bɪˈlivd tɪ bi ðə nɔrθs ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns wɪθ ðɛr raɪt əv ˈsɛlfdɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən. ɪts ə vju ˌəndərˈstændəbli rɪˈpəgnənt tɪ ðə sˈnɑrlɪŋ ˈdɛməˌgɑgz ˈprɛzəntli ˌɪnˈtɛnt ɔn ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ɪˈlitɪst, ˌtoʊˌtælɪˈtɛriən ˈgəvərnmənt ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv wət ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈhæpənd tɪ ðə kənˈfɛdərəsi, ənd ðə ˈpipəl ənd steɪts əv wɪʧ ɪt wɑz kəmˈpoʊzd, ðə ˈbætəl flæg əv ðə kənˈfɛdərəsi noʊ ˈlɔŋgər stændz fər ðə ˈspiʃəs əˈsərʃən əv səm raɪt tɪ du wət ɪz ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli rɔŋ. ɪt dɪz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, stænd fər ðə ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl ˈfridəm tɪ bi rɔŋ ˈivɪn ɪf, mɔr ˈɔfən ðən nɑt, wi hæv tɪ ɪnˈdʊr ðə ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv ɑr ˈrɔŋduɪŋ ˌbiˈfɔr wi wɪl ədˈmɪt wi wər rɔŋ. wɪʧ əv ˈjuˈɛs kən kleɪm tɪ bi ɪgˈzɛmpt frəm ðɪs ˈfɑli? wɪʧ əv ˈjuˈɛs kən priˈtɛnd ðət wi wʊd ɪˈskeɪp rɪˈbjuk ɪn ə wərld wɛr ˈsəmˌwən ˈmitɪd aʊt tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ɔl ðə ˈpənɪʃmənt wi ər du? ɪn ðə nu ˈtɛstəmənt əˈkaʊnt, gɑdz ˈstændərd əv pərˈfɛkʃən kaʊd ðə kraʊd ðət wɑz ɔl pɔɪzd tɪ stoʊn ðə adulteress*. soʊ, ðə ˈlaɪkli ˈwɪkədnəs əv ˈækʃənz laɪk əˈbɔrʃən wɪʧ ˈivɪn ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən wəns sɛd ɪz nɑt ə gʊd θɪŋ bət wɪʧ wi ər naʊ ˌɪnˈdəlʤɪŋ, prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ər ˈtɑlərˌeɪtɪŋ ɔt tɪ wɔrn ˈjuˈɛs əˈgɛnst ˈsikɪŋ tɪ ɪˈreɪs ɔl riˈmaɪndərz əv ðə fækt ðət ˈpipəl ˈɔfən du ˈivəl fər ðə seɪk əv ˈsəmθɪŋ ðeɪ mɪˈsteɪk fər gʊd, æt ðə taɪm. tɪ si mɔr ˈɑrtɪkəlz baɪ ˈdɑktər. kiz, ˈvɪzɪt hɪz blɔg æt ənd hɪz ˈkɑmənˌtɛri æt ənd barbwire.com*. baɪ ˈælən kiz nɑt lɔŋ əˈgoʊ, ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv ə fˈjʊrɔr ˈoʊvər ðə kənˈfɛdərˌeɪt flæg, aɪ roʊt tu ˈɑrtɪkəlz, kəmˈpraɪzɪŋ ən ˈɛˌseɪ əˈbaʊt ðə dɪˈsitfəl ˈneɪʧər əv ðə dɪˈmænd ðət əˈmɛrɪkənz klɛnz ɑr ˈpəblɪk ˈkɑnʃəsnəs əv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət ˈɑnərz əˈmɛrɪkənz hu ˈpræktɪst ˈædvəˌkeɪtɪd ˈreɪˌsɪzəm, ðə ɛnsˈleɪvmənt əv blæks, ər ðə rəˈʒim əv ˈreɪʃəl ˌsɛgrəˈgeɪʃən, dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən, ənd ˈbɪgətri ɑr ˈneɪʃən wəns ˈtɑlərˌeɪtəd. ɪn ðə fərst pɑrt əv ðə ˈɛˌseɪ aɪ ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ðə ˈkraɪsəs ðət ɪz naʊ biɪŋ ˈɛkˌsplɔɪtəd tɪ tɑr ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp wɪθ əˈproʊbriəm fər hɪz əˈlɛʤd rɪˈləktəns tɪ sɛt ˈreɪsɪst ˈvaɪələns əˈpɑrt fər ˈspɛʃəl ˌkɑndəmˈneɪʃən. ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd pɑrt aɪ æst ˈpipəl tɪ ˈpɑndər ðə səbˈvərsɪv ˈænˌti- əˈmɛrɪkən əˈʤɛndə ðɪs dɪˈmænd fər ˈpjʊrɪti ˈæˌkʧuəli səˈpraɪzɪz mi ðət ˈpipəl hu prəˈfɛs tɪ bi ˈfɑloʊərz əv kraɪst sim ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ əkˈsɛpt ðə ənfərˈgɪvɪŋ dɪˈmænd fər hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈklɛnzɪŋ ðət pʊts ˈjumən biɪŋz ɪn ðə pleɪs əv gɑd wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈʤəʤɪŋ ˈsɪnərz ˈæftər death.gen*. ˈʃərmən sɛd ðət "wɔr ɪz hɛl." ðɛr ər ˈmɛni hu wʊd seɪ ðət ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈɪnfəməs "skɔrʧt ərθ" kæmˈpeɪn θru ˈʤɔrʤə ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə leɪt fɔl əv 1864 hi dɪd hɪz bɛst tɪ ækt ðə pɑrt əv ˈseɪtənz luˈtɛnənt, ɛz hɪz ˈfɔrsɪz tɔrʧt ənd ˈtɔrˌmɛntɪd boʊθ ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ənd ˈpipəl əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ. ɪn hɪz ˈsɛkənd ˌɪˈnɔgərəl, ˈlɪŋkən ˈlɪtərəli ækˈsɛpts ðə ˈprɛmɪs ðət ðə ˈsɪvəl wɔr wɑz ˈpənɪʃmənt gɑd ˌɪnˈflɪktɪd ɔn ðə ˈpipəl əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪt fər ðə sɪn əv ˈpræktɪsɪŋ, ər baɪ lɔ prəˈtɛktɪŋ, ˈreɪsɪst ɪz ɪt nɑt ɪˈnəf fər ðə ˈprɛzənt ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən əv ˌsɛlˈfraɪʧəs ˈsɪnərz ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ðət gɑd ɪgˈzæktɪd ðɪs ˈtɛrəbəl praɪs fər ɑr ˈneɪʃənz sɪnz? waɪ ɪz ɪt nɑt ɪˈnəf ðət, ɔn əˈkaʊnt əv ðə skərʤ əv wɔr, əˈmɛrɪkənz rɪˈpɛntɪd əv ðə sɪn ɑr ˈneɪʃən ˈnoʊɪŋli ˌɪnˈflɪktɪd ɔn maɪ ɛnsˈleɪvd ˈænˌsɛstərz? ðeɪ lɛt maɪ ˈpipəl goʊ, ˈivɪn ɛz ˈfɛroʊ lɛt goʊ ðə ˈɪzrəˌlaɪts, ɔn əˈkaʊnt əv ðə pleɪgz gɑd ˈvɪzɪtɪd əˈpɑn hɪz ˈkɪŋdəm. ðə ˈneɪʃən rɪˈpɛntɪd əv ɪts ðə strɔŋ rɪˈzɛntmənt əv ˈmɛni əv hɪz ˈfɛloʊ ˈsəðərnərz, ˈrɑbərt i. li dɪd nɑt ˈrɛfˌjuz tɪ sərˈɛndər, æt appomattox*, tɪ gɑdz wɪl. hi dɪd nɑt ˈrɛfˌjuz tɪ ərʤ hɪz ˈfɛloʊ tɪ əkˈsɛpt gɑdz ˈʤəʤmənt əˈgɛnst ðə sɪn əv sˈleɪvəri, ənd gɪt ɔn wɪθ ˈbɪldɪŋ ðə ˈneɪʃən ðət hæd ˈfaɪnəli ˈrɛkənˌsaɪld ˌɪtˈsɛlf tɪ ðə lɔ əv ˈlɪbərˌti gɑd priˈskraɪbd fər hɪz kriˈeɪʃən. tɪ bi ʃʊr, hi dɪd nɑt ˈɪnstəntli pərʤ hɪmˈsɛlf əv ðə vjuz ənd ˈprɛfərənsɪz əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈkəlʧər əv ˈreɪʃəl ˈbɪgətri ˌɪˈnɛvətəbli ˈɪŋkəlˌkeɪtəd. ðɛr wər ˈdaʊtləs ˈmɛni taɪmz wɪn ðoʊz ˈhæbəts bɪˈtreɪd ɪm ˈɪntu ənˈʤəst ˈætəˌtudz, rɪˈmɑrks, ənd fər ɔl ðət, laɪk ˈmɛni əv hɪz kəmˈpeɪtriəts ɪn ðə steɪts əv ðə kənˈfɛdərəsi, hi əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv rɪˈzɪstɪd ðə tɛmˈteɪʃən tɪ ðə tərmz əv ɪts sərˈɛndər. haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz ʃʊd wi fərˈgɪv ðɛm fər sˈlaɪdɪŋ bæk ˈɪntu ðə əv ˈreɪsɪst ˈbɪgətri ənd praɪd? haʊ ˈɔfən ʃʊd wi fərˈgɪv ðɛm ðə ˈkrɛdɪt ðeɪ ər du, fər ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪŋ, ˌnənðəˈlɛs, tɪ əˈphoʊld ðə ˈdɪsəplən əv gɑdz ˈʤəstɪs rikˈwaɪərd baɪ ðə ˈprɛməsəz əv ɑr ˈnæʃənəl wi tɪr daʊn ðə ˈstæˌʧuz əv ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈlɪndən ˈʤɑnsən fər ðə ˈɛvədəns əv ˈreɪsɪst ˈbɪgətri ɪn hɪz pəˈlɪtɪkəl laɪf? ər ʃʊd wi ˈɑnər ðə ˈlidərˌʃɪp hi geɪv tɪ kəmˈplit ðə ˈpæsɪʤ əv ðə ˈsɪvəl raɪts ækt? ʃʊd wi fərˈbɪd ðə ˈpipəl əv vərˈʤɪnjə, saʊθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə, ənd ˈʤɔrʤə tɪ ˈɑnər ðə ˈmɛməriz əv ðə ˈænˌsɛstərz hu ˈleɪbərd, fər ɔl ðɛr fɔlts, tɪ bɪld ə fˈjuʧər əv ˈdisənt ˈlɪbərˌti fər ðɛr pɑˈstɛrəti? ər ʃʊd wi liv ðɛm tɪ ˈɑnər ˈpipəl laɪk ˈtɑməs ˈʤɛfərsən, ʤeɪmz ɛf. bərnz (ˈtrumənz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt), ənd ˈʤɪmi ˈkɑrtər fər ðə ˈsərvɪs ðeɪ geɪv tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ðə raɪt faʊnˈdeɪʃənz əv ɑr ˈneɪʃən, prɪˈzərv ɪt ɪn ˈsərvɪs tɪ ˈjumən ˈdisənsi frəm ˌtoʊˌtælɪˈtɛriən ˈtɪrəni, ər θruaʊt ðə wərld ɪts ˈstændərd fər ˈjumən raɪts ənd ðə ˈstændərd əv tru ˈmɔrəl pərˈfɛkʃən, ɔl juˈmænɪti fɔlz ʃɔrt. səm əv ðə seɪm ˈpipəl hu spɪt ɔn liz ˈstæˌʧu ˈæŋgrəli rɪˈʤɛktɪd ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət ˈmɑrgərɪt ˈstæˌʧu ʃʊd bi riˈmuvd frəm ən ɪgˈzɪbɪt æt ðə smɪθˈsoʊniən. wɪn ðə ˈstændərd əv ˈpərˌfɪkt raɪt ənd ˈʤəstɪs ɪz əˈplaɪd, wɪʧ əv ˈjuˈɛs wɪl ɪˈskeɪp ðə ˈʤəʤmənt ɑr ənˈpeɪd dɛt tɪ truθ ənd ˈraɪʧəsnəs dɪˈzərvz? wi ʃæl ɔl ˌrikˈwaɪər fərˈgɪvnəs noʊ ˈjumən biɪŋ ɪz ɪkˈwɪpt tɪ gɪv ˈjuˈɛs. waɪ ðɛn ɪz ɪt raɪt ðət ˈɛni əv ˈjuˈɛs ʃʊd dɪˈmænd liv tɪ ˌɪnˈflɪkt ˌɪmˈplækəbəl ˈʤəʤmənt ɔn ˈəðərz, ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðeɪ hæv ˈlɑrʤli rɪˈpɛntɪd əv ðɛr ə ˈkrɪsʧɪn, preɪɪŋ iʧ deɪ ðə prɛr, aɪ hæv ˈstrəgəld tɪ hid kraɪsts ˈwɔrnɪŋz. aɪ ˈriʤɛkt ðoʊz hu θɪŋk ðət ɪt ɪz ˈləvɪŋ tɪ lɛt ˈpipəl rɪsk ðə ˈəltəmət ˈʤəʤmənt əv gɑd. soʊ, aɪ ˈrɛfˌjuz tɪ laɪ əˈbaʊt wət hi sɪz ɪz rikˈwaɪərd tɪ əˈvɔɪd perdition*. bət aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈriʤɛkt ðə ˈhjubrəs ðət pərˈpɔrts tɪ ˈpənɪʃ ˈpipəl, ˈæftər dɛθ, wɪθ əˌnaɪəˈleɪʃən. ðət paʊər bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ gɑd ənd gɑd əˈloʊn. hi wɪl rɪˈmɛmbər ðoʊz hi wɪl rɪˈmɛmbər, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt ˈstændərd ˈhɪstəri bi. liv ðoʊz hu wɪl nɑt bi kənˈvərtɪd baɪ ðə ˈgɔspəl əv truθ tɪ ðə ˈʤəʤmənt əv gɑd. bət ɪf ðeɪ rɪˈpɛnt, sərˈɛndərɪŋ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər ˌɪmˈpərfɪktli, tɪ ðə ˈstændərd əv gɑdz truθ ənd ˈʤəstɪs, fərˈgɪv ðɛm, ɛz wi məst preɪ ðət gɑd wɪl fərˈgɪv ˈjuˈɛs. səʧ fərˈgɪvnəs ɪz ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ tɪ ɪnˈdʊr ɪn ðə faɪt əˈgɛnst ˈivəl, wɪˈθaʊt bɪˈkəmɪŋ ˈivəl ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ tɪ lərn ənd rɪˈmɛmbər wət wi nid tɪ noʊ əv ˈivəl ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ dɪˈfit ɪt ənd tɪ du ɪt ɔl wɪˈθaʊt fərˈgɛtɪŋ wət ɪz gʊd ənd raɪt ənd tru ənd ʤɪst. wɪʧ ɪz tɪ seɪ, wɪˈθaʊt fərˈgɛtɪŋ ðət, ənd wi are©*© ˈælən kiz |
bradenton, fla. because players move around so much via trades and free agency, it is not unusual to see a rainbow of different teams’ equipment bags around the clubhouse at the start of spring training.
ryan vogelsong spent the past five seasons with the san francisco giants. but when the he reported to pirates camp on monday, vogelsong toted a bag the same one he used when he pitched for the pirates in 2006.
“i’ve come to realize that you close doors,” vogelsong said. “did i ever think ever come back here? honestly, no. but when the opportunity was there, i was really excited about it and i took it.”
the pirates logo on bag is faded and outdated. the giants likely thought career he will be 39 in july and spent part of last season in the bullpen had reached that same point.
“i kind of knew what direction they were going to be heading in the offseason, and i knew my time there was probably coming to an end,” vogelsong said. “when you go home for the offseason, you digest and try to start thinking about the future. i tried to pick out some places where i thought i could fit in and help, and (pittsburgh) was definitely on the list.”
in mid-december, vogelsong signed a $2 million contract to fill a spot in the rotation. the can make up to $3 million more through performance bonuses.
as he chose a landing spot, priority was finding a team that would put him in the rotation. when a.j. burnett retired and j.a. happ signed with toronto, the pirates needed a starter.
there is some irony in return to claim a rotation spot. during his first five seasons with the pirates, he made 70 of his 103 outings out of the bullpen.
although he said he is “receptive” to going to the bullpen this season if necessary, vogelsong made it clear he wants to start.
“i just feel that at this point in my career and at my age, having a regular routine is better for me,” he said. “my body still feels great, my arm feels great.”
vogelsong have much competition for a job behind the trio of gerrit cole, francisco and jon niese.
general manager neal huntington repeatedly has said top pitching prospects tyler and jameson taillon will begin the season at indianapolis. newcomer juan has worked as a starter, but he was successful last season in the los angeles dodgers’ bullpen.
that leaves vogelsong and jeff locke to fill the final two spots in the rotation, at least until taillon are ready to be called up. then it will be up to vogelsong to hold off the rookies.
vogelsong has resurrected his career once before. the pirates let him walk as a free agent after a bumpy 2006 season. he then pitched three seasons in japan.
he returned in 2011 to the giants, who had drafted him 13 years earlier out of university, notched 13 victories and finished in cy young award voting. in 2012, vogelsong helped the giants win the world series.
can he do it again? vogelsong has two things in his favor; pitching coach ray and catcher francisco cervelli.
searage was coaching in the pirates’ farm system during first stint with the team.
“i’ve always enjoyed talking to him and being around him,” vogelsong said. “we crossed paths many times since then, and i always made it a point to say hi to him. excited to work with him. his track record with turning some guys around is amazing.”
lacking swing-and- miss stuff, vogelsong will need to get ground balls to survive. his percent rate last season was the of his career. he probably will need to at least match it.
cervelli’s skills also will be important. he will need to steal vogelsong a few strikes every game.
“it’s critical for me,” vogelsong said. “i have the (mph) fastball anymore, so location and living on the corners is crucial. living down (in the zone) is crucial. anything a guy can do back there is a bonus.”
rob is a staff writer. reach him at or via twitter @biertempfeltrib. | ˈbrædəntən, fla*. bɪˈkəz pleɪərz muv əraʊnd soʊ məʧ ˈviə treɪdz ənd fri ˈeɪʤənsi, ɪt ɪz nɑt ənˈjuˌʒuəl tɪ si ə ˈreɪnˌboʊ əv ˈdɪfərənt teams’*’ ɪkˈwɪpmənt bægz əraʊnd ðə ˈkləˌbhaʊs æt ðə stɑrt əv spərɪŋ ˈtreɪnɪŋ. raɪən ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ spɛnt ðə pæst faɪv ˈsizənz wɪθ ðə sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ʤaɪənts. bət wɪn ðə hi ˌriˈpɔrtəd tɪ ˈpaɪrəts kæmp ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ, ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ ˈtoʊtɪd ə bæg ðə seɪm wən hi juzd wɪn hi pɪʧt fər ðə ˈpaɪrəts ɪn 2006 kəm tɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz ðət ju kloʊz doors,”*,” ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ sɛd. aɪ ˈɛvər θɪŋk ˈɛvər kəm bæk hir? ˈɑnəstli, noʊ. bət wɪn ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti wɑz ðɛr, aɪ wɑz ˈrɪli ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt ɪt ənd aɪ tʊk it.”*.” ðə ˈpaɪrəts ˈloʊgoʊ ɔn bæg ɪz ˈfeɪdɪd ənd ˈaʊtˌdeɪtɪd. ðə ʤaɪənts ˈlaɪkli θɔt kərɪr hi wɪl bi 39 ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ ənd spɛnt pɑrt əv læst ˈsizən ɪn ðə ˈbʊlˌpɛn hæd riʧt ðət seɪm pɔɪnt. kaɪnd əv nu wət dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ðeɪ wər goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈhɛdɪŋ ɪn ðə offseason*, ənd aɪ nu maɪ taɪm ðɛr wɑz ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ən end,”*,” ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ sɛd. ju goʊ hoʊm fər ðə offseason*, ju ˈdaɪʤɛst ənd traɪ tɪ stɑrt ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə fˈjuʧər. aɪ traɪd tɪ pɪk aʊt səm ˈpleɪsɪz wɛr aɪ θɔt aɪ kʊd fɪt ɪn ənd hɛlp, ənd (ˈpɪtsbərg) wɑz ˈdɛfənətli ɔn ðə list.”*.” ɪn mid-december*, ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ saɪnd ə 2 ˈmɪljən ˈkɑnˌtrækt tɪ fɪl ə spɑt ɪn ðə roʊˈteɪʃən. ðə kən meɪk əp tɪ 3 ˈmɪljən mɔr θru pərˈfɔrməns ˈboʊnəsɪz. ɛz hi ʧoʊz ə ˈlændɪŋ spɑt, praɪˈɔrəti wɑz ˈfaɪndɪŋ ə tim ðət wʊd pʊt ɪm ɪn ðə roʊˈteɪʃən. wɪn a.j*. bərˈnɛt rɪˈtaɪrd ənd j.a*. hæp saɪnd wɪθ tərˈɑntoʊ, ðə ˈpaɪrəts ˈnidɪd ə ˈstɑrtər. ðɛr ɪz səm ˈaɪrəni ɪn rɪˈtərn tɪ kleɪm ə roʊˈteɪʃən spɑt. ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz fərst faɪv ˈsizənz wɪθ ðə ˈpaɪrəts, hi meɪd 70 əv hɪz 103 ˈaʊtɪŋz aʊt əv ðə ˈbʊlˌpɛn. ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi sɛd hi ɪz ““receptive”*” tɪ goʊɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈbʊlˌpɛn ðɪs ˈsizən ɪf ˈnɛsəˌsɛri, ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ meɪd ɪt klɪr hi wɔnts tɪ stɑrt. ʤɪst fil ðət æt ðɪs pɔɪnt ɪn maɪ kərɪr ənd æt maɪ eɪʤ, ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈrɛgjələr ruˈtin ɪz ˈbɛtər fər me,”*,” hi sɛd. ˈbɑdi stɪl filz greɪt, maɪ ɑrm filz great.”*.” ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ hæv məʧ ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən fər ə ʤɑb bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ˈtriˌoʊ əv ˈʤɛrɪt koʊl, frænˈsɪskoʊ ənd ʤɑn niz. ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər nil ˈhəntɪŋtən rɪˈpitɪdli həz sɛd tɔp ˈpɪʧɪŋ ˈprɑspɛkts ˈtaɪlər ənd ˈʤeɪmsən ˈteɪlən wɪl bɪˈgɪn ðə ˈsizən æt ˌɪndiəˈnæpəlɪs. ˈnuˌkəmər wɑn həz wərkt ɛz ə ˈstɑrtər, bət hi wɑz səkˈsɛsfəl læst ˈsizən ɪn ðə lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs dodgers’*’ ˈbʊlˌpɛn. ðət livz ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ ənd ʤɛf lɑk tɪ fɪl ðə ˈfaɪnəl tu spɑts ɪn ðə roʊˈteɪʃən, æt list ənˈtɪl ˈteɪlən ər ˈrɛdi tɪ bi kɔld əp. ðɛn ɪt wɪl bi əp tɪ ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ tɪ hoʊld ɔf ðə ˈrʊkiz. ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ həz ˌrɛzərˈɛktɪd hɪz kərɪr wəns ˌbiˈfɔr. ðə ˈpaɪrəts lɛt ɪm wɔk ɛz ə fri ˈeɪʤənt ˈæftər ə ˈbəmpi 2006 ˈsizən. hi ðɛn pɪʧt θri ˈsizənz ɪn ʤəˈpæn. hi rɪˈtərnd ɪn 2011 tɪ ðə ʤaɪənts, hu hæd ˈdræftɪd ɪm 13 jɪrz ˈərliər aʊt əv ˌjunəˈvərsəti, nɑʧt 13 ˈvɪktəriz ənd ˈfɪnɪʃt ɪn saɪ jəŋ əˈwɔrd ˈvoʊtɪŋ. ɪn 2012 ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ hɛlpt ðə ʤaɪənts wɪn ðə wərld ˈsɪriz. kən hi du ɪt əˈgɛn? ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ həz tu θɪŋz ɪn hɪz ˈfeɪvər; ˈpɪʧɪŋ koʊʧ reɪ ənd ˈkæˌʧər frænˈsɪskoʊ cervelli*. wɑz ˈkoʊʧɪŋ ɪn ðə pirates’*’ fɑrm ˈsɪstəm ˈdʊrɪŋ fərst stɪnt wɪθ ðə tim. ˈɔlˌweɪz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ ɪm ənd biɪŋ əraʊnd him,”*,” ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ sɛd. krɔst pæθs ˈmɛni taɪmz sɪns ðɛn, ənd aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz meɪd ɪt ə pɔɪnt tɪ seɪ haɪ tɪ ɪm. ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ wərk wɪθ ɪm. hɪz træk ˈrɛkərd wɪθ ˈtərnɪŋ səm gaɪz əraʊnd ɪz amazing.”*.” ˈlækɪŋ swing-and*- mɪs stəf, ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ wɪl nid tɪ gɪt graʊnd bɔlz tɪ sərˈvaɪv. hɪz pərˈsɛnt reɪt læst ˈsizən wɑz ðə əv hɪz kərɪr. hi ˈprɑbəˌbli wɪl nid tɪ æt list mæʧ ɪt. skɪlz ˈɔlsoʊ wɪl bi ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. hi wɪl nid tɪ stil ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ ə fju straɪks ˈɛvəri geɪm. ˈkrɪtɪkəl fər me,”*,” ˈvɑgɪlsɔŋ sɛd. hæv ðə (ˈɛmˈpiˈeɪʧ) ˈfæstˌbɔl ˌɛniˈmɔr, soʊ loʊˈkeɪʃən ənd ˈlɪvɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈkɔrnərz ɪz ˈkruʃəl. ˈlɪvɪŋ daʊn (ɪn ðə zoʊn) ɪz ˈkruʃəl. ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ə gaɪ kən du bæk ðɛr ɪz ə bonus.”*.” rɑb ɪz ə stæf ˈraɪtər. riʧ ɪm æt ər ˈviə tˈwɪtər @biertempfeltrib*. |
how did people figure out that the distant "father" of 1 in 200 males alive today lived years ago? or that the father of all humans ("adam") was alive years ago? these estimates come from looking at differences in the y chromosome over time. but wait a minute you might be saying. you just said that we can use the y chromosome for historical studies because it can't recombine and so stays constant. notice i said earlier that the y chromosome passes from generation to generation virtually unchanged. it does change a little over time because of random mutations (nothing is perfect including copying dna). it is these rare mutations that let scientists date when things have happened in the past. scientists use dna to estimate when things have happened in the past by assuming a certain rate of mutations over time. let's say that the y chromosome gets 1 new (much higher than the actual rate). if this is the case, then if two people have 10 differences between them, then they are 10 generations apart. the mutation rate scientists have used in the past was based on circumstantial evidence because there was just too much dna to sequence. until now. for the first time, groups in indiana and new hampshire have figured out a mutation rate based on sequencing huge amounts of dna from lots of the roundworm, c. elegans. how much dna? an astonishing 4 million base pairs -- an impossible number just a few years ago. what the researchers found was that the mutation rate was 10 times higher than previously believed or around 2 for c. elegans. there are possible reasons that given the way the experiment was done, the mutation rate might have been artificially high. but, if the new number is true, it calls into question all sorts of things. for example, partly based on dna evidence, scientists believed that chimps and humans separated about 5 million years ago. was it actually years ago? humans began their migration out of africa years ago. or was it? did "adam" live or 5000 years ago? some of these new numbers are obviously wrong. from archeological digs, we know there were people in europe, asia, and even the americas more than years ago. from fossil evidence we know that chimps and humans separated more than years ago. obviously, then, more work needs to be done to get at this critical number. and if the mutation rate isn't constant over time, we may never be able to get a good number. in the meantime, the work done here will need to be repeated lots more times before we begin rewriting history. with the advent of new sequencing technologies, we are now able to do experiments undreamed of just a few years ago. | haʊ dɪd ˈpipəl ˈfɪgjər aʊt ðət ðə ˈdɪstənt "ˈfɑðər" əv 1 ɪn 200 meɪlz əˈlaɪv təˈdeɪ lɪvd jɪrz əˈgoʊ? ər ðət ðə ˈfɑðər əv ɔl ˈjumənz ("ˈædəm") wɑz əˈlaɪv jɪrz əˈgoʊ? ðiz ˈɛstəˌmeɪts kəm frəm ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ˈdɪfərənsɪz ɪn ðə waɪ ˈkroʊməˌzoʊm ˈoʊvər taɪm. bət weɪt ə ˈmɪnət ju maɪt bi seɪɪŋ. ju ʤɪst sɛd ðət wi kən juz ðə waɪ ˈkroʊməˌzoʊm fər hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈstədiz bɪˈkəz ɪt kænt ˌrikəmˈbaɪn ənd soʊ steɪz ˈkɑnstənt. ˈnoʊtɪs aɪ sɛd ˈərliər ðət ðə waɪ ˈkroʊməˌzoʊm ˈpæsɪz frəm ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən tɪ ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˈvərʧuəli ənˈʧeɪnʤd. ɪt dɪz ʧeɪnʤ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈoʊvər taɪm bɪˈkəz əv ˈrændəm mjuˈteɪʃənz (ˈnəθɪŋ ɪz ˈpərˌfɪkt ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈkɑpiɪŋ ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ). ɪt ɪz ðiz rɛr mjuˈteɪʃənz ðət lɛt ˈsaɪəntɪsts deɪt wɪn θɪŋz hæv ˈhæpənd ɪn ðə pæst. ˈsaɪəntɪsts juz ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ tɪ ˈɛstəˌmeɪt wɪn θɪŋz hæv ˈhæpənd ɪn ðə pæst baɪ əˈsumɪŋ ə ˈsərtən reɪt əv mjuˈteɪʃənz ˈoʊvər taɪm. lɛts seɪ ðət ðə waɪ ˈkroʊməˌzoʊm gɪts 1 nu (məʧ haɪər ðən ðə ˈækʧəwəl reɪt). ɪf ðɪs ɪz ðə keɪs, ðɛn ɪf tu ˈpipəl hæv 10 ˈdɪfərənsɪz bɪtˈwin ðɛm, ðɛn ðeɪ ər 10 ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənz əˈpɑrt. ðə mjuˈteɪʃən reɪt ˈsaɪəntɪsts hæv juzd ɪn ðə pæst wɑz beɪst ɔn ˌsərkəmˈstænʃəl ˈɛvədəns bɪˈkəz ðɛr wɑz ʤɪst tu məʧ ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ tɪ ˈsikwəns. ənˈtɪl naʊ. fər ðə fərst taɪm, grups ɪn ˌɪndiˈænə ənd nu ˈhæmʃər hæv ˈfɪgjərd aʊt ə mjuˈteɪʃən reɪt beɪst ɔn ˈsikwənsɪŋ juʤ əˈmaʊnts əv ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ frəm lɑts əv ðə ˈraʊndwərm, si. elegans*. haʊ məʧ ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ? ən əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ 4 ˈmɪljən beɪs pɛrz ən ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl ˈnəmbər ʤɪst ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ. wət ðə ˈrisərʧərz faʊnd wɑz ðət ðə mjuˈteɪʃən reɪt wɑz 10 taɪmz haɪər ðən ˈpriviəsli bɪˈlivd ər əraʊnd 2 fər si. elegans*. ðɛr ər ˈpɑsəbəl ˈrizənz ðət ˈgɪvɪn ðə weɪ ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz dən, ðə mjuˈteɪʃən reɪt maɪt hæv bɪn ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəli haɪ. bət, ɪf ðə nu ˈnəmbər ɪz tru, ɪt kɔlz ˈɪntu kˈwɛʃən ɔl sɔrts əv θɪŋz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈpɑrtli beɪst ɔn ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns, ˈsaɪəntɪsts bɪˈlivd ðət ʧɪmps ənd ˈjumənz ˈsɛpərˌeɪtɪd əˈbaʊt 5 ˈmɪljən jɪrz əˈgoʊ. wɑz ɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli jɪrz əˈgoʊ? ˈjumənz bɪˈgæn ðɛr maɪˈgreɪʃən aʊt əv ˈæfrɪkɑ jɪrz əˈgoʊ. ər wɑz ɪt dɪd "ˈædəm" lɪv ər 5000 jɪrz əˈgoʊ? səm əv ðiz nu ˈnəmbərz ər ˈɑbviəsli rɔŋ. frəm ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl dɪgz, wi noʊ ðɛr wər ˈpipəl ɪn ˈjʊrəp, ˈeɪʒə, ənd ˈivɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz mɔr ðən jɪrz əˈgoʊ. frəm ˈfɑsəl ˈɛvədəns wi noʊ ðət ʧɪmps ənd ˈjumənz ˈsɛpərˌeɪtɪd mɔr ðən jɪrz əˈgoʊ. ˈɑbviəsli, ðɛn, mɔr wərk nidz tɪ bi dən tɪ gɪt æt ðɪs ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈnəmbər. ənd ɪf ðə mjuˈteɪʃən reɪt ˈɪzənt ˈkɑnstənt ˈoʊvər taɪm, wi meɪ ˈnɛvər bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪt ə gʊd ˈnəmbər. ɪn ðə ˈminˌtaɪm, ðə wərk dən hir wɪl nid tɪ bi rɪˈpitɪd lɑts mɔr taɪmz ˌbiˈfɔr wi bɪˈgɪn riˈraɪtɪŋ ˈhɪstəri. wɪθ ðə ˈædˌvɛnt əv nu ˈsikwənsɪŋ tɛkˈnɑləʤiz, wi ər naʊ ˈeɪbəl tɪ du ɪkˈspɛrəmənts ənˈdrimd əv ʤɪst ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ. |
nbn, british telecom and turning back the clock
nbn boss bill morrow recently highlighted that the company formerly known as co has instigated an information sharing scheme with biggest telco british telecom (bt).
it’s an informal agreement and while morrow says all a friendly exchange of knowledge to bolster’s understanding of efficient network rollout and learning from extraordinarily high rate of fibre to the node (fttn) deployment, is the path forged by bt really worth following?
despite its achievements performance can only be described as.
between 2005 and 2010 the telco spent about $20 billion on the century network project that upgraded the core network and subsequently led to the commencement of an approximately $15 billion rollout around 2010 that lasted until late 2014.
bt is now rolling out “fast, fibre optic broadband to homes and businesses in the” and it is difficult to find any mention of anything other than fibre optics and access networks on website.
bt’s move to a focus on an access network is unsurprising when you consider what bt has achieved after expending about $35 billion or roughly $10 billion less than what is likely to spend on the mix (mtm) national broadband network.
the 2014 report (pdf) into broadband performance states that the average residential broadband speed was at november 2014. what this means is that after spending about $35 billion (excluding over the period) the average residence has a broadband connection speed of less than which is the us latest definition of broadband.
second-rate mix
communications minister malcolm turnbull has on many occasions highlighted mix broadband network as something that australia should aspire to have. yet industry analysts have pointed out time and again that broadband network would not provide the with anything other than a ten year stop gap network that would be obsolete before it was finished.
that scenario has subsequently come to pass, with bt now reacting to competition from network providers by refocusing on providing network solutions.
in 2012 the former bt chief technology officer peter cochrane slammed decision to rollout describing it as “one of the biggest mistakes humanity has made” and “imposes huge unreliability risks”.
and bt has been building the network since 2005, which means that for australia to commence rolling out (fttn/vdsl2/vectoring) now the result would put australia ten years behind the and probably further behind countries that have commenced or completed (fttp) rollouts.
information blackout
one aspect of broadband rollout that appears to be mimicking is the use of commercial in confidence and agreements to prevent public knowledge of what is doing. information surrounding the network is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain even though turnbull has on several occasions stated that “bloggers” are writing about the without the facts that can be obtained by seeking advice from his office or directly from.
proponents of broadband are not the only group finding a tough nut to crack when it comes to getting up to date information. last week senator stephen conroy threatened to subpoena chief technology officer dennis steiger if he failed to attend the next hearing of the senate select committee on the national broadband network. steiger has a history of failing to attend senate hearings and the committee has a valid point when it comes to making a fuss about access to steiger.
winding back the clock
calls for bt to be split into two companies have grown louder recently but the telco is already fighting a rear guard action to head off this possibility, citing the structural separation that it underwent that saw the network infrastructure moved into in 2005.
australia has to look no further than new zealand to see a successful model of how to deal with an incumbent telco at work. the kiwi decision to split telecom new zealand into chorus (wholesale) and spark (retail) is a model that should have occurred here ten years ago.
the recent calls in the for bt to be split in two could mean that the will adopt the model and australia will be closer to this model now than it was in 2005 when the howard government failed to convince telstra to commence a upgrade.
like a bad dose of déjà vu management, together with the abbott coalition blessing, has decided that we should wind the clock back to 2005 and broadband network rollout.
winding back the clock, now something bt really can help with.
mark gregory is a senior lecturer in the school of electrical and computer engineering at university.
setting the agenda for australia's $150bn agribusiness sector the program for australia's premier agribusiness conference - the global food forum - is set. hear from more than 30 industry leaders including pepsico's ceo, danny celoni, jayne hrdlicka, ceo of milk company, barry irvin, executive chairman, cheese and managing director, patrick noone. sheraton grand sydney hyde park book now | nbn*, ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈtɛləkɑm ənd ˈtərnɪŋ bæk ðə klɑk bɔs bɪl ˈmɔroʊ ˈrisəntli ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪd ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈfɔrmərli noʊn ɛz koʊ həz ˈɪnstəˌgeɪtɪd ən ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈʃɛrɪŋ skim wɪθ ˈbɪgəst ˈtɛlkoʊ ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈtɛləkɑm (ˈbiˈti). ən ˌɪnˈfɔrməl əˈgrimənt ənd waɪl ˈmɔroʊ sɪz ɔl ə ˈfrɛndli ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ əv ˈnɑlɪʤ tɪ ˈboʊlstər ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ɪˈfɪʃənt ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈroʊˌlaʊt ənd ˈlərnɪŋ frəm ɛkˌstrɔrdəˈnɛrəli haɪ reɪt əv ˈfaɪbər tɪ ðə noʊd (fttn*) dɪˈplɔɪmənt, ɪz ðə pæθ fɔrʤd baɪ ˈbiˈti ˈrɪli wərθ ˈfɑloʊɪŋ? dɪˈspaɪt ɪts əˈʧivmənts pərˈfɔrməns kən ˈoʊnli bi dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz. bɪtˈwin 2005 ənd 2010 ðə ˈtɛlkoʊ spɛnt əˈbaʊt 20 ˈbɪljən ɔn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈprɑʤɛkt ðət ˈəpˌgreɪdɪd ðə kɔr ˈnɛtˌwərk ənd ˈsəbsəkwəntli lɛd tɪ ðə kəˈmɛnsmənt əv ən əˈprɑksəmətli 15 ˈbɪljən ˈroʊˌlaʊt əraʊnd 2010 ðət ˈlæstɪd ənˈtɪl leɪt 2014 ˈbiˈti ɪz naʊ ˈroʊlɪŋ aʊt ““fast*, ˈfaɪbər ˈɑptɪk ˈbrɔdˌbænd tɪ hoʊmz ənd ˈbɪznɪsɪz ɪn ðə uk”*” ənd ɪt ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ faɪnd ˈɛni ˈmɛnʃən əv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˈəðər ðən ˈfaɪbər ˈɑptɪks ənd ˈækˌsɛs ˈnɛtˌwərks ɔn ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. muv tɪ ə ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ən ˈækˌsɛs ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪz ənsərˈpraɪzɪŋ wɪn ju kənˈsɪdər wət ˈbiˈti həz əˈʧivd ˈæftər ˌɛkˈspɛndɪŋ əˈbaʊt 35 ˈbɪljən ər ˈrəfli 10 ˈbɪljən lɛs ðən wət ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ spɛnd ɔn ðə mɪks (mtm*) ˈnæʃənəl ˈbrɔdˌbænd ˈnɛtˌwərk. ðə 2014 rɪˈpɔrt (pdf*) ˈɪntu ˈbrɔdˌbænd pərˈfɔrməns steɪts ðət ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈbrɔdˌbænd spid wɑz æt noʊˈvɛmbər 2014 wət ðɪs minz ɪz ðət ˈæftər ˈspɛndɪŋ əˈbaʊt 35 ˈbɪljən (ɪkˈskludɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə ˈpɪriəd) ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈrɛzɪdəns həz ə ˈbrɔdˌbænd kəˈnɛkʃən spid əv lɛs ðən wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈleɪtəst ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ˈbrɔdˌbænd. mɪks kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˈmɪnɪstər ˈmælkəm ˈtərnˌbʊl həz ɔn ˈmɛni ɔˈkeɪʒənz ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪd mɪks ˈbrɔdˌbænd ˈnɛtˌwərk ɛz ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ɔˈstreɪljə ʃʊd əˈspaɪr tɪ hæv. jɛt ˈɪndəstri ˈænəlɪsts hæv ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt taɪm ənd əˈgɛn ðət ˈbrɔdˌbænd ˈnɛtˌwərk wʊd nɑt prəˈvaɪd ðə wɪθ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˈəðər ðən ə tɛn jɪr stɑp gæp ˈnɛtˌwərk ðət wʊd bi ˌɑbsəˈlit ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt wɑz ˈfɪnɪʃt. ðət sɪˈnɛrioʊ həz ˈsəbsəkwəntli kəm tɪ pæs, wɪθ ˈbiˈti naʊ riˈæktɪŋ tɪ ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən frəm ˈnɛtˌwərk prəˈvaɪdərz baɪ riˈfoʊkəsɪŋ ɔn prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈnɛtˌwərk səˈluʃənz. ɪn 2012 ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈbiˈti ʧif tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈɔfɪsər ˈpitər ˈkɑkrən slæmd dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˈroʊˌlaʊt dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ɪt ɛz əv ðə ˈbɪgəst mɪˈsteɪks juˈmænɪti həz made”*” ənd juʤ ˌənriˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti risks”*”. ənd ˈbiˈti həz bɪn ˈbɪldɪŋ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk sɪns 2005 wɪʧ minz ðət fər ɔˈstreɪljə tɪ kəˈmɛns ˈroʊlɪŋ aʊt (fttn/vdsl2/vectoring*) naʊ ðə rɪˈzəlt wʊd pʊt ɔˈstreɪljə tɛn jɪrz bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ənd ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈfərðər bɪˈhaɪnd ˈkəntriz ðət hæv kəˈmɛnst ər kəmˈplitɪd (fttp*) rollouts*. ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈblæˌkaʊt wən ˈæˌspɛkt əv ˈbrɔdˌbænd ˈroʊˌlaʊt ðət əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ˈmɪmɪkɪŋ ɪz ðə juz əv kəˈmərʃəl ɪn ˈkɑnfədɛns ənd əˈgrimənts tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ˈpəblɪk ˈnɑlɪʤ əv wət ɪz duɪŋ. ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sərˈaʊndɪŋ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪz bɪˈkəmɪŋ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ əbˈteɪn ˈivɪn ðoʊ ˈtərnˌbʊl həz ɔn ˈsɛvərəl ɔˈkeɪʒənz ˈsteɪtɪd ðət ““bloggers”*” ər ˈraɪtɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə wɪˈθaʊt ðə fækts ðət kən bi əbˈteɪnd baɪ ˈsikɪŋ ədˈvaɪs frəm hɪz ˈɔfəs ər dɪˈrɛkli frəm. prəˈpoʊnənts əv ˈbrɔdˌbænd ər nɑt ðə ˈoʊnli grup ˈfaɪndɪŋ ə təf nət tɪ kræk wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈgɪtɪŋ əp tɪ deɪt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. læst wik ˈsɛnətər ˈstivən ˈkɔnrɔɪ θˈrɛtənd tɪ səˈpinə ʧif tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈɔfɪsər ˈdɛnɪs ˈstaɪgər ɪf hi feɪld tɪ əˈtɛnd ðə nɛkst ˈhirɪŋ əv ðə ˈsɛnɪt səˈlɛkt kəˈmɪti ɔn ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈbrɔdˌbænd ˈnɛtˌwərk. ˈstaɪgər həz ə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ əˈtɛnd ˈsɛnɪt ˈhirɪŋz ənd ðə kəˈmɪti həz ə ˈvælɪd pɔɪnt wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə fəs əˈbaʊt ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈstaɪgər. ˈwaɪndɪŋ bæk ðə klɑk kɔlz fər ˈbiˈti tɪ bi splɪt ˈɪntu tu ˈkəmpəˌniz hæv groʊn ˈlaʊdər ˈrisəntli bət ðə ˈtɛlkoʊ ɪz ɔˈrɛdi ˈfaɪtɪŋ ə rɪr gɑrd ˈækʃən tɪ hɛd ɔf ðɪs ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti, ˈsaɪtɪŋ ðə ˈstrəkʧərəl ˌsɛpərˈeɪʃən ðət ɪt ˌəndərˈwɛnt ðət sɔ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər muvd ˈɪntu ɪn 2005 ɔˈstreɪljə həz tɪ lʊk noʊ ˈfərðər ðən nu ˈzilənd tɪ si ə səkˈsɛsfəl ˈmɑdəl əv haʊ tɪ dil wɪθ ən ˌɪnˈkəmbənt ˈtɛlkoʊ æt wərk. ðə ˈkiwi dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ splɪt ˈtɛləkɑm nu ˈzilənd ˈɪntu ˈkɔrəs (ˈhoʊlˌseɪl) ənd spɑrk (ˈriˌteɪl) ɪz ə ˈmɑdəl ðət ʃʊd hæv əˈkərd hir tɛn jɪrz əˈgoʊ. ðə ˈrisənt kɔlz ɪn ðə fər ˈbiˈti tɪ bi splɪt ɪn tu kʊd min ðət ðə wɪl əˈdɑpt ðə ˈmɑdəl ənd ɔˈstreɪljə wɪl bi ˈkloʊzər tɪ ðɪs ˈmɑdəl naʊ ðən ɪt wɑz ɪn 2005 wɪn ðə haʊərd ˈgəvərnmənt feɪld tɪ kənˈvɪns ˈtɛlstrə tɪ kəˈmɛns ə ˈəpˈgreɪd. laɪk ə bæd doʊs əv déjà*à vu ˈmænɪʤmənt, təˈgɛðər wɪθ ðə ˈæbət ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈblɛsɪŋ, həz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət wi ʃʊd wɪnd ðə klɑk bæk tɪ 2005 ənd ˈbrɔdˌbænd ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈroʊˌlaʊt. ˈwaɪndɪŋ bæk ðə klɑk, naʊ ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈbiˈti ˈrɪli kən hɛlp wɪθ. mɑrk ˈgrɛgəri ɪz ə ˈsinjər ˈlɛkʧərər ɪn ðə skul əv ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ənd kəmˈpjutər ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ æt ˌjunəˈvərsəti. ˈsɛtɪŋ ðə əˈʤɛndə fər ɔˈstreɪljəz ˈægrəˌbɪznəs ˈsɛktər ðə ˈproʊˌgræm fər ɔˈstreɪljəz prɛˈmɪr ˈægrəˌbɪznəs ˈkɑnfərəns ðə ˈgloʊbəl fud ˈfɔrəm ɪz sɛt. hir frəm mɔr ðən 30 ˈɪndəstri ˈlidərz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈpɛpsɪkoʊz ˈsiˌiˈoʊ, ˈdæni celoni*, ʤeɪn hərˈdlɪskə, ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv mɪlk ˈkəmpəˌni, ˈbɛri ˈərvɪn, ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈʧɛrmən, ʧiz ənd ˈmænəʤɪŋ dɪˈrɛktər, ˈpætrɪk nun. ˈʃɛrətən grænd ˈsɪdni haɪd pɑrk bʊk naʊ |
it's the discussion that won't die. mainly because some of those interested in having it choose to be so ignorant of the history of what "whiteide" means culturally versus any other type of "racialide."
but cain "brownide" tattoo continues to stir emotion from fans and fellow fighters alike.
the latest to step into the disaster is team michelle:
how offended would be if i wore a sports bra that said 'whiteide' during on of my fights - or even a tattoo? michelle (@michelleouldmma) october 29, 2013
@stormlandbrand seriously? not only is it a rhetorical ? but it's a free tend to forget. only weak cowards are afraid to ask michelle (@michelleouldmma) october 29, 2013
@stormlandbrand and if things such as these were never asked or challenged we would never grow as a species or civilization michelle (@michelleouldmma) october 29, 2013
the voting rights act hasn't even been on the books 50 years. there are still many, many people alive who lived through the ungodly struggles of the civil rights movement. phrases such as "whiteide" and "white power" are tied inseparably and to the ugliest aspects of racism in this country. asking why you can't have flaunt "whiteide" like cain velasquez wears his "brownide" tattoo ignores these very basic realities.
that anyone would attempt to tie "why can't i do it too?" andetend that it's about "growing as a species and civilization" when basic aspects of equality still need massive amounts of addressing in a country still not that far distanced from segregation being written all just speaks to a kind of ignorance that i can't wrap my head around.
as a white man, i'll throw out the idea that the more important aspect to growing as a civilization is more about how to deal with aspects of lingering social inequality that have long needed addressing. not why you can't flaunt a term almost exclusively associated with the white supremacy movement. | ɪts ðə dɪˈskəʃən ðət woʊnt daɪ. ˈmeɪnli bɪˈkəz səm əv ðoʊz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˈhævɪŋ ɪt ʧuz tɪ bi soʊ ˈɪgnərənt əv ðə ˈhɪstəri əv wət "waɪt praɪd" minz ˈkəlʧərəˌli ˈvərsəz ˈɛni ˈəðər taɪp əv "ˈreɪʃəl praɪd." bət keɪn "braʊn praɪd" ˌtæˈtu kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ stər ˈiˌmoʊʃən frəm fænz ənd ˈfɛloʊ ˈfaɪtərz əˈlaɪk. ðə ˈleɪtəst tɪ stɛp ˈɪntu ðə dɪˈzæstər ɪz tim mɪˈʃɛl: haʊ əˈfɛndɪd wʊd bi ɪf aɪ wɔr ə spɔrts brɑ ðət sɛd 'waɪt praɪd' ˈdʊrɪŋ ɔn əv maɪ faɪts ər ˈivɪn ə ˌtæˈtu? mɪˈʃɛl (@michelleouldmma*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 29 2013 ˈsɪriəsli? nɑt ˈoʊnli ɪz ɪt ə rɪˈtɔrɪkəl bət ɪts ə fri tɛnd tɪ fərˈgɛt. ˈoʊnli wik kaʊərdz ər əˈfreɪd tɪ æsk mɪˈʃɛl (@michelleouldmma*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 29 2013 ənd ɪf θɪŋz səʧ ɛz ðiz wər ˈnɛvər æst ər ˈʧælənʤd wi wʊd ˈnɛvər groʊ ɛz ə ˈspiʃiz ər ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən mɪˈʃɛl (@michelleouldmma*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 29 2013 ðə ˈvoʊtɪŋ raɪts ækt ˈhæzənt ˈivɪn bɪn ɔn ðə bʊks 50 jɪrz. ðɛr ər stɪl ˈmɛni, ˈmɛni ˈpipəl əˈlaɪv hu lɪvd θru ðə ənˈgɔdli ˈstrəgəlz əv ðə ˈsɪvəl raɪts ˈmuvmənt. ˈfreɪzɪz səʧ ɛz "waɪt praɪd" ənd "waɪt paʊər" ər taɪd ˌɪnˈsɛpərəbli ənd tɪ ðə ˈəgliəst ˈæˌspɛkts əv ˈreɪˌsɪzəm ɪn ðɪs ˈkəntri. ˈæskɪŋ waɪ ju kænt hæv flɔnt "waɪt praɪd" laɪk keɪn vɛˈlæskɛz wɛrz hɪz "braʊn praɪd" ˌtæˈtu ˌɪgˈnɔrz ðiz ˈvɛri ˈbeɪsɪk ˌriˈæləˌtiz. ðət ˈɛniˌwən wʊd əˈtɛmpt tɪ taɪ "waɪ kænt aɪ du ɪt tu?" ənd priˈtɛnd ðət ɪts əˈbaʊt "groʊɪŋ ɛz ə ˈspiʃiz ənd ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən" wɪn ˈbeɪsɪk ˈæˌspɛkts əv ɪkˈwɑləti stɪl nid ˈmæsɪv əˈmaʊnts əv æˈdrɛsɪŋ ɪn ə ˈkəntri stɪl nɑt ðət fɑr ˈdɪstənst frəm ˌsɛgrəˈgeɪʃən biɪŋ ˈrɪtən ɔl ʤɪst spiks tɪ ə kaɪnd əv ˈɪgnərəns ðət aɪ kænt ræp maɪ hɛd əraʊnd. ɛz ə waɪt mæn, aɪl θroʊ aʊt ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ðə mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈæˌspɛkt tɪ groʊɪŋ ɛz ə ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən ɪz mɔr əˈbaʊt haʊ tɪ dil wɪθ ˈæˌspɛkts əv ˈlɪŋgərɪŋ ˈsoʊʃəl ˌɪnɪkˈwɑləti ðət hæv lɔŋ ˈnidɪd æˈdrɛsɪŋ. nɑt waɪ ju kænt flɔnt ə tərm ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪkˈsklusɪvli əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ðə waɪt səˈprɛməsi ˈmuvmənt. |
the history of nexus
nexus started as a vision of improving the protocol and at the same time cleaning the from scam coins.
lead developer colin cantrell (viz) studied the foundations of the core code, understanding how satoshi structured and identifying opportunities for improvement. at this time, the market was being flooded with scams and pump and dump schemes where coins pushing promises, buzz words, and the allure of quick profits were used to swindle from communities. vision, (csd) was born.
the first block was mined on september 23, 2014 at, and the project named nexus was live. at that point, the project had one channel of mining: a prime mining channel). on october 23, 2014, the hashing) channel was launched as the second proof channel. the blocks included a subsidy, where a portion from each mined block would be sent to one of 13 developer accounts and another portion would be sent to one of 13 exchange accounts. on january 24, 2015, was listed on exchange.
shortly afterwards, drafted the first that outlined how the network would work to recycle and merge the economies and communities of these scam coins. the goal was to help the people in those communities, bring them into the community, and at the same time help clean up the. the exchange accounts would be used to merge these economies by exchanging the coins for a portion of.
on april 11, 2015, announced the intention to to nexus. discussion pursued about the ticker symbol, and niro was chosen to represent nexus. on july 24, 2015, nexus version was released with nexus proof of state (npos) and the introduction of the trust network. this laid the foundation for the broader scope of nexus.
at the beginning of september 2015, revealed his identity as colin cantrell. in october 2015, a more formal team was formed to promote development, build the community, and market nexus. the ticker symbol was revised to nxs. discussions on direction led to the decision to abandon the recycling and merging that was part of the project. the technical work required to implement the merging was done, but with the explosion in the number of new cryptos, the process would have had little impact. therefore, nexus began to develop into something much more expansive. the project had a whole new direction.
nexus still seeks to help carry on dream of decentralization, and as such continues to work on improving the protocol. some of how it works, its goals, specifications, and features are described further in this post. for a more complete explanation, please read the nexus.
nexus: under the hood
decentralized decentralization
consensus
trust-based
security
scalability
spaced-based
specifications
nexus improves upon the protocol:
current features:
3 consensus channels: every channel reinforces the others to prevent 51% attacks on one channel, forcing attacker across multiple channels.
hashing: nexus uses a combination of different hashes, including,,,, and.
sk-1024: using and for pow to produce a 1024 bit output hash used for the block hash providing the highest security.
prime: searching for dense prime clusters as pow, finding these clusters of numbers that are ~308 digits to verify prime density in large numbers.
keys: 571 bit private keys compared to 256 bit in other currencies. using as the algorithm.
difficulty: calculated with time overlaps and true % over bounds, using weighted block average over past 5 blocks.
llp: lower level protocol as a template protocol to allow any protocol to be created with ease without need for repeated network programming.
core: protocol responsible for time keeping as an advancement to ntp, keeping clocks on the network synchronized within a few seconds of one another. maximum clock drift for nexus is 10 seconds.
mining: dedicated mining protocol outside of server to allow the greatest performance for mining. protocol can handle + connections allowing solo mining of any magnitude.
no reward halving: rewards are calculated along an exponential decay curve to slowly reduce the value of each block rather than shock both miners and the market with block reward halving which acts as a rudimentary decay model.
released reserves: decayed amounts are deposited into the reserves for each channel, preventing a miner from being able to mint more than the projected amount while difficulty is compensating to their amount of computing power.
fractional rewards: when reserves are below given thresholds, the mining reward is then based off of the time it took to create a block preventing a miner from ever being able to deplete the reserves.
decentralized checkpoints: every 60 minutes, the nexus protocol automatically creates a checkpoint. this prevents blocks from being created or modified dated prior to this checkpoint, thus protecting the chain from malicious attempts to introduce an alternate.
trust keys: the minting rate increases the longer a node secures the, nodes to actively stake. this increases the difficulty for successfully attacking the network, as nodes with greater trust are more likely to find new blocks.
nexus proof of holding: proof of holding system is based upon the protocol, completely and redesigned from scratch, utilizing an efficiency threshold, trust keys, and logarithmic weights to create the fairest and most stable staking system to date.
developer commission: the developer fund fuels ongoing development and is by a% commission per block mined, which will slowly increase to% after 10 years. this brings all the benefits of development funding without the associated risks and limits the control which can exerted by the developer account.
the ambassador (renamed from exchange) keys are funded by a 20% commission per block reward. these keys are mainly used to pay for marketing, and producing and launching the nexus satellites.
planned features:
reversible transactions: transaction can be reversed if below expiration time by sending transaction void to the network.
two-way signatures: receiver of transaction will be required to sign to prove ownership of before it will be processed. this will prevent burning coins by accident.
trust network: using trust keys and more sophistication in checkpoints will create a trust network in which nodes will be given the opportunity to vote on checkpoints and blocks to agree on set. this will prevent a rogue node from trying to manipulate the network.
sync-less wallets: using the trust network as a backbone and the for the protocol, will allow wallets to remain by processing transactions in the trust network.
html5 wallet: probably coming sooner rather then later, essentially building up a clean simple wallet using web server. will have all the great visuals that/css3 provides. most likely coming before transaction features to have a cleaner to integrate more functionality into.
double spend protection: using input locking and checking on reorganizations, can prevent a transaction from ever being able to be overwritten by a longer after a checkpoint eliminating any threat of 51% attacks.
lll integration: once the library including static and dynamic databases is finished, next will be integrating,, and with possible for encrypted communications and high efficiencies in protocol responses and data storage. every channel reinforces the others to prevent 51% attacks on one channel, forcing attacker across multiple uses a combination of different hashes, including,,,, and.using and for pow to produce a 1024 bit output hash used for the block hash providing the highest for dense prime clusters as pow, finding these clusters of numbers that are ~308 digits to verify prime density in large bit private keys compared to 256 bit in other currencies. using as the with time overlaps and true % over bounds, using weighted block average over past 5 level protocol as a template protocol to allow any protocol to be created with ease without need for repeated network responsible for time keeping as an advancement to ntp, keeping clocks on the network synchronized within a few seconds of one another. maximum clock drift for nexus is 10 mining protocol outside of server to allow the greatest performance for mining. protocol can handle + connections allowing solo mining of any are calculated along an exponential decay curve to slowly reduce the value of each block rather than shock both miners and the market with block reward halving which acts as a rudimentary decay amounts are deposited into the reserves for each channel, preventing a miner from being able to mint more than the projected amount while difficulty is compensating to their amount of computing reserves are below given thresholds, the mining reward is then based off of the time it took to create a block preventing a miner from ever being able to deplete the 60 minutes, the nexus protocol automatically creates a checkpoint. this prevents blocks from being created or modified dated prior to this checkpoint, thus protecting the chain from malicious attempts to introduce an alternate.the minting rate increases the longer a node secures the, nodes to actively stake. this increases the difficulty for successfully attacking the network, as nodes with greater trust are more likely to find new proof of holding system is based upon the protocol, completely and redesigned from scratch, utilizing an efficiency threshold, trust keys, and logarithmic weights to create the fairest and most stable staking system to developer fund fuels ongoing development and is by a% commission per block mined, which will slowly increase to% after 10 years. this brings all the benefits of development funding without the associated risks and limits the control which can exerted by the developer ambassador (renamed from exchange) keys are funded by a 20% commission per block reward. these keys are mainly used to pay for marketing, and producing and launching the nexus satellites.
updates to be included in future releases
updates planned for the full release include:
1. database integration.
2. trust key depreciation update
3. many new commands for increased utility and block explorer performance.
4. updates.
5. reworking of the system for increased difficulty.
nexus uses 3 consensus channels to maximize decentralization and provide fast, secure transactions. each channel has an independent difficulty algorithm, amongst other checks and balances, to prevent a single channel from monopolizing block production and compromising the security of the network. nexus channels include a prime channel mining), a hashing channel mining), and nexus proof of holding takes the system developed by, and combines it with a weighting system to create the consensus mechanism. nodes receive a trust rating that is established by their contributions to the network, which increases over time. nodes with greater trust are granted an increased minting rate, which increases from% to 3% within one year, the longer you build trust on the aims to be one of the most secures in the world by increasing decentralization, and implementing quantum resistance. using multiple consensus channels greatly reduces the risk of a 51% attack, as an attacker would need to control all 3 channels. a set of checks and balances prevents an individual channel from being able to compromise the entire uses a combination of hashing algorithms combined with 571 bit private keys and bit proof of work, to make nexus one of the leadings.furthermore, nexus is developing an evolving key signature scheme to keep an public keys obscured even when making transactions. this is made possible by moving away from addresses based on public key hashes, and implementing a new system called signature others consider larger block sizes or payment channels in an effort to increase transaction throughput, the nexus proposes another solution, allowing nexus to scale completely processing is distributed across multiple channels working to increase transaction throughput as resources increase. individual channels verify transactions, consolidate verified transactions into merkle trees, and add finished blocks onto the. the unified time protocol enables transaction processing, trust locks, and block locks to be consistent throughout time. the potential of nexus is limited only by node count and represents the most consensus system to decentralized as technology strives to be, it nevertheless remains on traditional infrastructure. by combining the decentralized software, satellite and ground based mesh networks, and a large team of passionate people, nexus is focused on gaining a high degree of autonomy from external influences. by placing our own communication infrastructure in space, the network be susceptible to government jurisdiction (similar to international is actively building relationships within the aerospace industry to allow for the hardware infrastructure to be compatible with its transaction system. | ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈnɛksəs ˈnɛksəs ˈstɑrtɪd ɛz ə ˈvɪʒən əv ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ənd æt ðə seɪm taɪm ˈklinɪŋ ðə frəm skæm kɔɪnz. lɛd dɪˈvɛləpər ˈkoʊlɪn kænˈtrɛl (viz*) ˈstədid ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃənz əv ðə kɔr koʊd, ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ haʊ sɑˈtoʊʃi ˈstrəkʧərd ənd aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪɪŋ ˌɑpərˈtunətiz fər ˌɪmˈpruvmənt. æt ðɪs taɪm, ðə ˈmɑrkɪt wɑz biɪŋ ˈflədɪd wɪθ skæmz ənd pəmp ənd dəmp skimz wɛr kɔɪnz ˈpʊʃɪŋ ˈprɑməsəz, bəz wərdz, ənd ðə əˈlʊr əv kwɪk ˈprɑfɪts wər juzd tɪ sˈwɪndəl frəm kəmˈjunɪtiz. ˈvɪʒən, (csd*) wɑz bɔrn. ðə fərst blɑk wɑz maɪnd ɔn sɛpˈtɛmbər 23 2014 æt ənd ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt neɪmd ˈnɛksəs wɑz lɪv. æt ðət pɔɪnt, ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt hæd wən ˈʧænəl əv ˈmaɪnɪŋ: ə praɪm ˈmaɪnɪŋ ˈʧænəl). ɔn ɑkˈtoʊbər 23 2014 ðə ˈhæʃɪŋ) ˈʧænəl wɑz lɔnʧt ɛz ðə ˈsɛkənd pruf ˈʧænəl. ðə blɑks ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˈsəbsɪdi, wɛr ə ˈpɔrʃən frəm iʧ maɪnd blɑk wʊd bi sɛnt tɪ wən əv 13 dɪˈvɛləpər əˈkaʊnts ənd əˈnəðər ˈpɔrʃən wʊd bi sɛnt tɪ wən əv 13 ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ əˈkaʊnts. ɔn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 24 2015 wɑz ˈlɪstɪd ɔn ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ. ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftərwərdz, ˈdræftɪd ðə fərst ðət ˈaʊˌtlaɪnd haʊ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk wʊd wərk tɪ riˈsaɪkəl ənd mərʤ ðə ɪˈkɑnəmiz ənd kəmˈjunɪtiz əv ðiz skæm kɔɪnz. ðə goʊl wɑz tɪ hɛlp ðə ˈpipəl ɪn ðoʊz kəmˈjunɪtiz, brɪŋ ðɛm ˈɪntu ðə kəmˈjunɪti, ənd æt ðə seɪm taɪm hɛlp klin əp ðə. ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ əˈkaʊnts wʊd bi juzd tɪ mərʤ ðiz ɪˈkɑnəmiz baɪ ɪksˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə kɔɪnz fər ə ˈpɔrʃən əv. ɔn ˈeɪprəl 11 2015 əˈnaʊnst ðə ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən tɪ tɪ ˈnɛksəs. dɪˈskəʃən pərˈsud əˈbaʊt ðə ˈtɪkər ˈsɪmbəl, ənd ˈnɪroʊ wɑz ˈʧoʊzən tɪ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ˈnɛksəs. ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 24 2015 ˈnɛksəs ˈvərʒən wɑz riˈlist wɪθ ˈnɛksəs pruf əv steɪt (npos*) ənd ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ðə trəst ˈnɛtˌwərk. ðɪs leɪd ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən fər ðə ˈbrɔdər skoʊp əv ˈnɛksəs. æt ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 rɪˈvild hɪz aɪˈdɛntəˌti ɛz ˈkoʊlɪn kænˈtrɛl. ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 2015 ə mɔr ˈfɔrməl tim wɑz fɔrmd tɪ prəˈmoʊt dɪˈvɛləpmənt, bɪld ðə kəmˈjunɪti, ənd ˈmɑrkɪt ˈnɛksəs. ðə ˈtɪkər ˈsɪmbəl wɑz rɪˈvaɪzd tɪ nxs*. dɪˈskəʃənz ɔn dɪˈrɛkʃɪn lɛd tɪ ðə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ əˈbændən ðə riˈsaɪkəlɪŋ ənd ˈmərʤɪŋ ðət wɑz pɑrt əv ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt. ðə ˈtɛknɪkəl wərk rikˈwaɪərd tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ðə ˈmərʤɪŋ wɑz dən, bət wɪθ ðə ɪkˈsploʊʒən ɪn ðə ˈnəmbər əv nu cryptos*, ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs wʊd hæv hæd ˈlɪtəl ˌɪmˈpækt. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˈnɛksəs bɪˈgæn tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ˈɪntu ˈsəmθɪŋ məʧ mɔr ɪkˈspænsɪv. ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt hæd ə hoʊl nu dɪˈrɛkʃɪn. ˈnɛksəs stɪl siks tɪ hɛlp ˈkɛri ɔn drim əv dɪˌsɛntrəlɪˈzeɪʃən, ənd ɛz səʧ kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ wərk ɔn ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl. səm əv haʊ ɪt wərks, ɪts goʊlz, ˌspɛsəfəˈkeɪʃənz, ənd ˈfiʧərz ər dɪˈskraɪbd ˈfərðər ɪn ðɪs poʊst. fər ə mɔr kəmˈplit ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən, pliz rɛd ðə ˈnɛksəs. ˈnɛksəs: ˈəndər ðə hʊd dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd dɪˌsɛntrəlɪˈzeɪʃən kənˈsɛnsəs sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌspɛsəfəˈkeɪʃənz ˈnɛksəs ˌɪmˈpruvz əˈpɑn ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl: ˈkɑrənt ˈfiʧərz: 3 kənˈsɛnsəs ˈʧænəlz: ˈɛvəri ˈʧænəl ˌriɪnˈfɔrsɪz ðə ˈəðərz tɪ prɪˈvɛnt 51 əˈtæks ɔn wən ˈʧænəl, ˈfɔrsɪŋ əˈtækər əˈkrɔs ˈməltəpəl ˈʧænəlz. ˈhæʃɪŋ: ˈnɛksəs ˈjuzɪz ə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ˈdɪfərənt ˈhæʃəz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ənd ˈjuzɪŋ ənd fər paʊ tɪ ˈproʊdus ə 1024 bɪt ˈaʊtˌpʊt hæʃ juzd fər ðə blɑk hæʃ prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ðə haɪəst sɪˈkjʊrəti. praɪm: ˈsərʧɪŋ fər dɛns praɪm ˈkləstərz ɛz paʊ, ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðiz ˈkləstərz əv ˈnəmbərz ðət ər 308 ˈdɪʤɪts tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ praɪm ˈdɛnsɪti ɪn lɑrʤ ˈnəmbərz. kiz: 571 bɪt ˈpraɪvət kiz kəmˈpɛrd tɪ 256 bɪt ɪn ˈəðər ˈkərənsiz. ˈjuzɪŋ ɛz ðə ˈælgərˌɪðəm. ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti: ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd wɪθ taɪm ˈoʊvərˌlæps ənd tru ˈoʊvər baʊndz, ˈjuzɪŋ ˈweɪtɪd blɑk ˈævərɪʤ ˈoʊvər pæst 5 blɑks.: loʊər ˈlɛvəl ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ɛz ə ˈtɛmplət ˈproʊtəˌkɔl tɪ əˈlaʊ ˈɛni ˈproʊtəˌkɔl tɪ bi kriˈeɪtɪd wɪθ iz wɪˈθaʊt nid fər rɪˈpitɪd ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ. kɔr: ˈproʊtəˌkɔl riˈspɑnsəbəl fər taɪm ˈkipɪŋ ɛz ən ədˈvænsmənt tɪ ntp*, ˈkipɪŋ klɑks ɔn ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈsɪŋkrəˌnaɪzd wɪˈθɪn ə fju ˈsɛkəndz əv wən əˈnəðər. ˈmæksəməm klɑk drɪft fər ˈnɛksəs ɪz 10 ˈsɛkəndz. ˈmaɪnɪŋ: ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd ˈmaɪnɪŋ ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ˈsərvər tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə ˈgreɪtəst pərˈfɔrməns fər ˈmaɪnɪŋ. ˈproʊtəˌkɔl kən ˈhændəl kəˈnɛkʃənz əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈsoʊˌloʊ ˈmaɪnɪŋ əv ˈɛni ˈmægnəˌtud. noʊ rɪˈwɔrd ˈhævɪŋ: rɪˈwɔrdz ər ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd əˈlɔŋ ən ˌɛkspoʊˈnɛnʃəl dɪˈkeɪ kərv tɪ sˈloʊli rɪˈdus ðə ˈvælju əv iʧ blɑk ˈrəðər ðən ʃɑk boʊθ ˈmaɪnərz ənd ðə ˈmɑrkɪt wɪθ blɑk rɪˈwɔrd ˈhævɪŋ wɪʧ ækts ɛz ə ˌrudəˈmɛntəri dɪˈkeɪ ˈmɑdəl. riˈlist rɪˈzərvz: dɪˈkeɪd əˈmaʊnts ər dɪˈpɑzətəd ˈɪntu ðə rɪˈzərvz fər iʧ ˈʧænəl, prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ə ˈmaɪnər frəm biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ mɪnt mɔr ðən ðə prɑˈʤɛktəd əˈmaʊnt waɪl ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti ɪz ˈkɑmpənˌseɪtɪŋ tɪ ðɛr əˈmaʊnt əv kəmˈpjutɪŋ paʊər. ˈfrækʃənəl rɪˈwɔrdz: wɪn rɪˈzərvz ər bɪˈloʊ ˈgɪvɪn θˈrɛˌʃoʊldz, ðə ˈmaɪnɪŋ rɪˈwɔrd ɪz ðɛn beɪst ɔf əv ðə taɪm ɪt tʊk tɪ kriˈeɪt ə blɑk prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ə ˈmaɪnər frəm ˈɛvər biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ dɪˈplit ðə rɪˈzərvz. dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnts: ˈɛvəri 60 ˈmɪnəts, ðə ˈnɛksəs ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli kriˈeɪts ə ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnt. ðɪs prɪˈvɛnts blɑks frəm biɪŋ kriˈeɪtɪd ər ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd ˈdeɪtɪd praɪər tɪ ðɪs ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnt, ðəs prəˈtɛktɪŋ ðə ʧeɪn frəm məˈlɪʃəs əˈtɛmpts tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus ən ˈɔltərˌneɪt. trəst kiz: ðə ˈmɪntɪŋ reɪt ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ðə ˈlɔŋgər ə noʊd sɪˈkjʊrz ðə, noʊdz tɪ ˈæktɪvli steɪk. ðɪs ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ðə ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti fər səkˈsɛsfəli əˈtækɪŋ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk, ɛz noʊdz wɪθ ˈgreɪtər trəst ər mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ faɪnd nu blɑks. ˈnɛksəs pruf əv ˈhoʊldɪŋ: pruf əv ˈhoʊldɪŋ ˈsɪstəm ɪz beɪst əˈpɑn ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl, kəmˈplitli ənd ˌridɪˈzaɪnd frəm skræʧ, ˈjutəˌlaɪzɪŋ ən ɪˈfɪʃənsi θˈrɛˌʃoʊld, trəst kiz, ənd ˌlɑgərˈɪðmɪk weɪts tɪ kriˈeɪt ðə ˈfɛrɪst ənd moʊst ˈsteɪbəl ˈsteɪkɪŋ ˈsɪstəm tɪ deɪt. dɪˈvɛləpər kəˈmɪʃən: ðə dɪˈvɛləpər fənd fjuəlz ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpmənt ənd ɪz baɪ ə kəˈmɪʃən pər blɑk maɪnd, wɪʧ wɪl sˈloʊli ˌɪnˈkris tɪ ˈæftər 10 jɪrz. ðɪs brɪŋz ɔl ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts əv dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈfəndɪŋ wɪˈθaʊt ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd rɪsks ənd ˈlɪmɪts ðə kənˈtroʊl wɪʧ kən ɪgˈzərtɪd baɪ ðə dɪˈvɛləpər əˈkaʊnt. ðə æmˈbæsədər (riˈneɪmd frəm ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ) kiz ər ˈfəndɪd baɪ ə 20 kəˈmɪʃən pər blɑk rɪˈwɔrd. ðiz kiz ər ˈmeɪnli juzd tɪ peɪ fər ˈmɑrkətɪŋ, ənd prəˈdusɪŋ ənd ˈlɔnʧɪŋ ðə ˈnɛksəs ˈsætəˌlaɪts. plænd ˈfiʧərz: rɪˈvərsəbəl trænˈzækʃənz: trænˈzækʃən kən bi rɪˈvərst ɪf bɪˈloʊ ˌɛkspərˈeɪʃən taɪm baɪ ˈsɛndɪŋ trænˈzækʃən vɔɪd tɪ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk. ˈtuˌweɪ ˈsɪgnəʧərz: rɪˈsivər əv trænˈzækʃən wɪl bi rikˈwaɪərd tɪ saɪn tɪ pruv ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp əv ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt wɪl bi ˈprɑsɛst. ðɪs wɪl prɪˈvɛnt ˈbərnɪŋ kɔɪnz baɪ ˈæksədənt. trəst ˈnɛtˌwərk: ˈjuzɪŋ trəst kiz ənd mɔr səˌfɪstəˈkeɪʃən ɪn ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnts wɪl kriˈeɪt ə trəst ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪn wɪʧ noʊdz wɪl bi ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ voʊt ɔn ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnts ənd blɑks tɪ əˈgri ɔn sɛt. ðɪs wɪl prɪˈvɛnt ə roʊg noʊd frəm traɪɪŋ tɪ məˈnɪpjəˌleɪt ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk. ˈwɔləts: ˈjuzɪŋ ðə trəst ˈnɛtˌwərk ɛz ə ˈbækˌboʊn ənd ðə fər ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl, wɪl əˈlaʊ ˈwɔləts tɪ rɪˈmeɪn baɪ ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ trænˈzækʃənz ɪn ðə trəst ˈnɛtˌwərk. ˈwɔlət: ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈkəmɪŋ ˈsunər ˈrəðər ðɛn ˈleɪtər, ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈbɪldɪŋ əp ə klin ˈsɪmpəl ˈwɔlət ˈjuzɪŋ wɛb ˈsərvər. wɪl hæv ɔl ðə greɪt ˈvɪʒwəlz ðət prəˈvaɪdz. moʊst ˈlaɪkli ˈkəmɪŋ ˌbiˈfɔr trænˈzækʃən ˈfiʧərz tɪ hæv ə ˈklinər tɪ ˈɪnəˌgreɪt mɔr ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti ˈɪntu. ˈdəbəl spɛnd prəˈtɛkʃən: ˈjuzɪŋ ˈɪnˌpʊt ˈlɑkɪŋ ənd ˈʧɛkɪŋ ɔn riˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz, kən prɪˈvɛnt ə trænˈzækʃən frəm ˈɛvər biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ bi ˌoʊvərˈrɪtən baɪ ə ˈlɔŋgər ˈæftər ə ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnt ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪŋ ˈɛni θrɛt əv 51 əˈtæks. ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən: wəns ðə ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈstætɪk ənd daɪˈnæmɪk ˈdætəˌbeɪsɪz ɪz ˈfɪnɪʃt, nɛkst wɪl bi ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪŋ,, ənd wɪθ ˈpɑsəbəl fər ɪnˈkrɪptɪd kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ənd haɪ ɪˈfɪʃənsiz ɪn ˈproʊtəˌkɔl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ənd ˈdætə ˈstɔrɪʤ. ˈɛvəri ˈʧænəl ˌriɪnˈfɔrsɪz ðə ˈəðərz tɪ prɪˈvɛnt 51 əˈtæks ɔn wən ˈʧænəl, ˈfɔrsɪŋ əˈtækər əˈkrɔs ˈməltəpəl ˈjuzɪz ə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ˈdɪfərənt ˈhæʃəz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ənd ənd fər paʊ tɪ ˈproʊdus ə 1024 bɪt ˈaʊtˌpʊt hæʃ juzd fər ðə blɑk hæʃ prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ðə haɪəst fər dɛns praɪm ˈkləstərz ɛz paʊ, ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðiz ˈkləstərz əv ˈnəmbərz ðət ər 308 ˈdɪʤɪts tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ praɪm ˈdɛnsɪti ɪn lɑrʤ bɪt ˈpraɪvət kiz kəmˈpɛrd tɪ 256 bɪt ɪn ˈəðər ˈkərənsiz. ˈjuzɪŋ ɛz ðə wɪθ taɪm ˈoʊvərˌlæps ənd tru ˈoʊvər baʊndz, ˈjuzɪŋ ˈweɪtɪd blɑk ˈævərɪʤ ˈoʊvər pæst 5 ˈlɛvəl ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ɛz ə ˈtɛmplət ˈproʊtəˌkɔl tɪ əˈlaʊ ˈɛni ˈproʊtəˌkɔl tɪ bi kriˈeɪtɪd wɪθ iz wɪˈθaʊt nid fər rɪˈpitɪd ˈnɛtˌwərk riˈspɑnsəbəl fər taɪm ˈkipɪŋ ɛz ən ədˈvænsmənt tɪ ntp*, ˈkipɪŋ klɑks ɔn ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈsɪŋkrəˌnaɪzd wɪˈθɪn ə fju ˈsɛkəndz əv wən əˈnəðər. ˈmæksəməm klɑk drɪft fər ˈnɛksəs ɪz 10 ˈmaɪnɪŋ ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ˈsərvər tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə ˈgreɪtəst pərˈfɔrməns fər ˈmaɪnɪŋ. ˈproʊtəˌkɔl kən ˈhændəl kəˈnɛkʃənz əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈsoʊˌloʊ ˈmaɪnɪŋ əv ˈɛni ər ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd əˈlɔŋ ən ˌɛkspoʊˈnɛnʃəl dɪˈkeɪ kərv tɪ sˈloʊli rɪˈdus ðə ˈvælju əv iʧ blɑk ˈrəðər ðən ʃɑk boʊθ ˈmaɪnərz ənd ðə ˈmɑrkɪt wɪθ blɑk rɪˈwɔrd ˈhævɪŋ wɪʧ ækts ɛz ə ˌrudəˈmɛntəri dɪˈkeɪ əˈmaʊnts ər dɪˈpɑzətəd ˈɪntu ðə rɪˈzərvz fər iʧ ˈʧænəl, prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ə ˈmaɪnər frəm biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ mɪnt mɔr ðən ðə prɑˈʤɛktəd əˈmaʊnt waɪl ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti ɪz ˈkɑmpənˌseɪtɪŋ tɪ ðɛr əˈmaʊnt əv kəmˈpjutɪŋ rɪˈzərvz ər bɪˈloʊ ˈgɪvɪn θˈrɛˌʃoʊldz, ðə ˈmaɪnɪŋ rɪˈwɔrd ɪz ðɛn beɪst ɔf əv ðə taɪm ɪt tʊk tɪ kriˈeɪt ə blɑk prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ə ˈmaɪnər frəm ˈɛvər biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ dɪˈplit ðə 60 ˈmɪnəts, ðə ˈnɛksəs ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli kriˈeɪts ə ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnt. ðɪs prɪˈvɛnts blɑks frəm biɪŋ kriˈeɪtɪd ər ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd ˈdeɪtɪd praɪər tɪ ðɪs ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnt, ðəs prəˈtɛktɪŋ ðə ʧeɪn frəm məˈlɪʃəs əˈtɛmpts tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus ən ˈɔltərˌneɪt ˈmɪntɪŋ reɪt ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ðə ˈlɔŋgər ə noʊd sɪˈkjʊrz ðə, noʊdz tɪ ˈæktɪvli steɪk. ðɪs ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ðə ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti fər səkˈsɛsfəli əˈtækɪŋ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk, ɛz noʊdz wɪθ ˈgreɪtər trəst ər mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ faɪnd nu pruf əv ˈhoʊldɪŋ ˈsɪstəm ɪz beɪst əˈpɑn ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl, kəmˈplitli ənd ˌridɪˈzaɪnd frəm skræʧ, ˈjutəˌlaɪzɪŋ ən ɪˈfɪʃənsi θˈrɛˌʃoʊld, trəst kiz, ənd ˌlɑgərˈɪðmɪk weɪts tɪ kriˈeɪt ðə ˈfɛrɪst ənd moʊst ˈsteɪbəl ˈsteɪkɪŋ ˈsɪstəm tɪ dɪˈvɛləpər fənd fjuəlz ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpmənt ənd ɪz baɪ ə kəˈmɪʃən pər blɑk maɪnd, wɪʧ wɪl sˈloʊli ˌɪnˈkris tɪ ˈæftər 10 jɪrz. ðɪs brɪŋz ɔl ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts əv dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈfəndɪŋ wɪˈθaʊt ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd rɪsks ənd ˈlɪmɪts ðə kənˈtroʊl wɪʧ kən ɪgˈzərtɪd baɪ ðə dɪˈvɛləpər æmˈbæsədər (riˈneɪmd frəm ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ) kiz ər ˈfəndɪd baɪ ə 20 kəˈmɪʃən pər blɑk rɪˈwɔrd. ðiz kiz ər ˈmeɪnli juzd tɪ peɪ fər ˈmɑrkətɪŋ, ənd prəˈdusɪŋ ənd ˈlɔnʧɪŋ ðə ˈnɛksəs ˈsætəˌlaɪts. ˈəpˌdeɪts tɪ bi ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn fˈjuʧər rɪˈlisɪz ˈəpˌdeɪts plænd fər ðə fʊl riˈlis ˌɪnˈklud: 1 ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən. 2 trəst ki dɪˌpriʃiˈeɪʃən ˈəpˌdeɪt 3 ˈmɛni nu kəˈmændz fər ˌɪnˈkrist juˈtɪləti ənd blɑk ɪkˈsplɔrər pərˈfɔrməns. 4 ˈəpˌdeɪts. 5 riˈwərkɪŋ əv ðə ˈsɪstəm fər ˌɪnˈkrist ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti. ˈnɛksəs ˈjuzɪz 3 kənˈsɛnsəs ˈʧænəlz tɪ ˈmæksəˌmaɪz dɪˌsɛntrəlɪˈzeɪʃən ənd prəˈvaɪd fæst, sɪˈkjʊr trænˈzækʃənz. iʧ ˈʧænəl həz ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti ˈælgərˌɪðəm, əˈməŋst ˈəðər ʧɛks ənd ˈbælənsɪz, tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈʧænəl frəm məˈnɑpəˌlaɪzɪŋ blɑk pərˈdəkʃən ənd ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzɪŋ ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti əv ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk. ˈnɛksəs ˈʧænəlz ˌɪnˈklud ə praɪm ˈʧænəl ˈmaɪnɪŋ), ə ˈhæʃɪŋ ˈʧænəl ˈmaɪnɪŋ), ənd ˈnɛksəs pruf əv ˈhoʊldɪŋ teɪks ðə ˈsɪstəm dɪˈvɛləpt baɪ, ənd kəmˈbaɪnz ɪt wɪθ ə ˈweɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm tɪ kriˈeɪt ðə kənˈsɛnsəs ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm. noʊdz rɪˈsiv ə trəst ˈreɪtɪŋ ðət ɪz ɪˈstæblɪʃt baɪ ðɛr ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz tɪ ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ˈoʊvər taɪm. noʊdz wɪθ ˈgreɪtər trəst ər ˈgrænɪd ən ˌɪnˈkrist ˈmɪntɪŋ reɪt, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkrisɪz frəm tɪ 3 wɪˈθɪn wən jɪr, ðə ˈlɔŋgər ju bɪld trəst ɔn ðə eɪmz tɪ bi wən əv ðə moʊst sɪˈkjʊr ɪn ðə wərld baɪ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ dɪˌsɛntrəlɪˈzeɪʃən, ənd ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ kˈwɑntəm rɪˈzɪstəns. ˈjuzɪŋ ˈməltəpəl kənˈsɛnsəs ˈʧænəlz ˈgreɪtli rɪˈdusɪz ðə rɪsk əv ə 51 əˈtæk, ɛz ən əˈtækər wʊd nid tɪ kənˈtroʊl ɔl 3 ˈʧænəlz. ə sɛt əv ʧɛks ənd ˈbælənsɪz prɪˈvɛnts ən ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈʧænəl frəm biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈjuzɪz ə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ˈhæʃɪŋ ˈælgərˌɪðəmz kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ 571 bɪt ˈpraɪvət kiz ənd bɪt pruf əv wərk, tɪ meɪk ˈnɛksəs wən əv ðə ˈlidɪŋ blockchains.furthermore*, ˈnɛksəs ɪz dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ən ɪˈvɑlvɪŋ ki ˈsɪgnəʧər skim tɪ kip ən ˈpəblɪk kiz əbˈskjʊrd ˈivɪn wɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ trænˈzækʃənz. ðɪs ɪz meɪd ˈpɑsəbəl baɪ ˈmuvɪŋ əˈweɪ frəm ˈæˈdrɛsɪz beɪst ɔn ˈpəblɪk ki ˈhæʃəz, ənd ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ ə nu ˈsɪstəm kɔld ˈsɪgnəʧər ˈəðər kənˈsɪdər ˈlɑrʤər blɑk ˈsaɪzɪz ər ˈpeɪmənt ˈʧænəlz ɪn ən ˈɛfərt tɪ ˌɪnˈkris trænˈzækʃən θˈruˌpʊt, ðə ˈnɛksəs prəˈpoʊzɪz əˈnəðər səˈluʃən, əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈnɛksəs tɪ skeɪl kəmˈplitli ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ɪz dɪˈstrɪbjətəd əˈkrɔs ˈməltəpəl ˈʧænəlz ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈkris trænˈzækʃən θˈruˌpʊt ɛz ˈrisɔrsɪz ˌɪnˈkris. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈʧænəlz ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ trænˈzækʃənz, kənˈsɑlɪˌdeɪt ˈvɛrəˌfaɪd trænˈzækʃənz ˈɪntu ˈmərkəl triz, ənd æd ˈfɪnɪʃt blɑks ˈɔntu ðə. ðə ˈjunəˌfaɪd taɪm ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ɪˈneɪbəlz trænˈzækʃən ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ, trəst lɑks, ənd blɑk lɑks tɪ bi kənˈsɪstənt θruaʊt taɪm. ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl əv ˈnɛksəs ɪz ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈoʊnli baɪ noʊd kaʊnt ənd ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ðə moʊst kənˈsɛnsəs ˈsɪstəm tɪ dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ɛz tɛkˈnɑləʤi straɪvz tɪ bi, ɪt ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs rɪˈmeɪnz ɔn trəˈdɪʃənəl ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər. baɪ kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ ðə dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ˈsɔfˌwɛr, ˈsætəˌlaɪt ənd graʊnd beɪst mɛʃ ˈnɛtˌwərks, ənd ə lɑrʤ tim əv ˈpæʃənət ˈpipəl, ˈnɛksəs ɪz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ˈgeɪnɪŋ ə haɪ dɪˈgri əv əˈtɑnəmi frəm ɪkˈstərnəl ˈɪnˌfluənsɪz. baɪ ˈpleɪsɪŋ ɑr oʊn kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ɪn speɪs, ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk bi səˈsɛptəbəl tɪ ˈgəvərnmənt ˌʤʊrɪsˈdɪkʃən (ˈsɪmələr tɪ ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ɪz ˈæktɪvli ˈbɪldɪŋ riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈɛroʊˌspeɪs ˈɪndəstri tɪ əˈlaʊ fər ðə ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər tɪ bi kəmˈpætəbəl wɪθ ɪts trænˈzækʃən ˈsɪstəm. |
truth in packaging time…
school systems consume huge amounts of tax revenue, and spend much of that money, via the time and resources it pays-for, forcing boys to act like girls. they waste the time of bright children, especially of bright boys, by forcing them to sit still and wait for duller pupils to learn lessons they have alreadygot”.
kleinfeld (2009) reported:
middle class parents were worried that so many of their sons had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) and prescribed drugs such as ritalin which might damage their developing brains. they suspected that teachers’ intolerance for active, boisterous boys, not their sons’ presumed deficits, was responsible.
middle class or mostly respectable worried about schools abusing their the children were boys. sax (2007) considered of stimulants so serious as to make it one of five main factors in the of boys and young men.
girls seem to need worrying-about, kleinfeld wrote later in the same paper: while the educational problems of girls have led to numerous policy efforts to increase their achievement in areas where they are behind, such as achievement in mathematics and science at the top, the problems of boys have been largely ignored by federal agencies, foundations, and school districts. schools, over the past two generations of time, have changed to be more girl-friendly, but have demanded the boys change rather than the schools, even to the point of forcing the boys to change by drugging them (kleinfeld, 2009; sax, 2007, anonymous, 2011.)
drugging children to force them to adapt to inappropriate circumstances is abuse and may constitute torture. if this were done to children of one race, rather than of one gender, it would be criminal. the only reason it is not indeed it is that laws have been written to privilege female and male citizens. imaginably, men rank lower in civil standing today than have ranked since brown v. board of education.
not being a lawyer nor a policeman, i know whether criminal prosecution of school agents for drugging boys is possible. i would encourage it if it street pushers go to prison, why not school pushers?* with the street pushers, acceptance is at least somewhat
voluntary, so school drugging is worse on the face of it.
if drugging stopped tomorrow, schools would still be prim, environments that pupils who—frankly, who act like
boys (anonymous, 2011, sexton, 19??). few schools have taken notice of recent research showing that not only are boys naturally more
active and learn better when active. school teaching techniques are more suited to girls than to boys. to repeatin other words” for emphasis: schools are failing boys more than boys are failing in school.
whether or not schooldrug-pushers” can be prosecuted, and this may vary from state to state, some truth in islong overdue”: schools should be pinked. pink school doors and school buses would be a warning few could misunderstand. they would also be abur under the saddle” on school boards and officials until the implied remedy of education is in operation.
petitioning school boards had damn well better be lawful, and in a real democracy it should be encouraged whenever the petition has some merit. the kind of effort sketch here. the many good activists who read this site should be able to improve the petition and add other ways of getting after school systems to stop drugging boys and start educating them in ways.
… and meanwhile, pink school buses and pink school doors will at least be some kind of fair warning what schools are like.
here’s a rough draft petition [which does not mention drugging, because that abuse should be more aggressively attacked] for the lawyers and
politicians among you to refine:
to the [name of localschool board”]:
whereas, the structure of conventional classrooms and the demands made by conventional schoolteachers therein, are inconsistent with and inimical to the natural psychology of healthy boys; and
whereas, the natural psychology of girls is more adapted to such classrooms and demands than that of boys; and
whereas, the present school bus practices constitutebabying” of most school children, which children need to know how to deal with the traffic on the roads next their homes anyway:
therefore,
we the [undersigned, presenting] petitioners, hereby demand with all due respect (which may not be very much respect if our efforts should be scorned) that the [name of localschool board”] forthwith:
cause all school buses operated by the board to be painted a bright pink colour, which colour be as easily visible as the presently used shade of yellow, and which colour additionally designates the school buses and schools to be more suitable for girls than for boys cause the entry doors of all schools operated by the board to be painted pink, further designating the schools to be more suitable for girls than for boys; form a committee including at least 50% skilled trades men (which category can include cooks, farmers, airline pilots, physicians, engineers, etc.; but not bureaucrats) to design a school system, as to both architecture and teaching practices, adapted to the psychology of normal healthy boys; until there are schools available, cease to tax parents of boys; form a committee of rural residents to review the possibility of replacing the present school bus system with rural buses which may
carry persons who are not school children, thus increasing the mobility of rural and the efficiency of rural life; and retain the pink colouring of both school doors and school buses except, unless, and until: in the case of school buses, a system replaces the bus system; there are approved, schools in operation, which schools may have doors of some other appropriate colour.
presented this ___ day of __________ 201_, by the undersigned.
_______________________________________________ ____________________ _______________________________
_______________________________________________ ____________________ _______________________________
…and further signature lines…
note:
as the state of texas has demonstrated well enough for the canadian broadcasting corporation to take notice and report nationally, punishments and corrections other than up in prisons, may be preferable. the topic is too large to be included in thisblog”.
references:
anonymous, 2011. reports of school practices in new brunswick and anglophone quebec. november 6. anonymous, a substitute teacher and church
pastor, reports that schools still require pupils to sit quietly in neat rows and listen to teacher, of ablest pupils] is if worse than when he was a schoolboy, many boys are
“tuning out”. drugging does occur; he could not state the extent.
kleinfeld, judith. 2009.the state of american boyhood”. gender,.
sax, leonard (2007). boys adrift. new york: basic books. note also review by steven svoboda,
sexton, patricia cayo. 19??. the male. | truθ ɪn ˈpækɪʤɪŋ time…*… skul ˈsɪstəmz kənˈsum juʤ əˈmaʊnts əv tæks ˈrɛvəˌnu, ənd spɛnd məʧ əv ðət ˈməni, ˈviə ðə taɪm ənd ˈrisɔrsɪz ɪt pays-for*, ˈfɔrsɪŋ bɔɪz tɪ ækt laɪk gərlz. ðeɪ weɪst ðə taɪm əv braɪt ˈʧɪldrən, əˈspɛʃəli əv braɪt bɔɪz, baɪ ˈfɔrsɪŋ ðɛm tɪ sɪt stɪl ənd weɪt fər ˈdələr ˈpjupəlz tɪ lərn ˈlɛsənz ðeɪ hæv ɔˈrɛdi ““got”*”. ˈklaɪnˌfɛld 2009 ˌriˈpɔrtəd: ˈmɪdəl klæs ˈpɛrənts wər ˈwərid ðət soʊ ˈmɛni əv ðɛr sənz hæd bɪn ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst wɪθ əˈtɛnʃən ˈdɛfəsət ˌhaɪpərækˈtɪvɪti dɪˈsɔrdər (adhd*) ənd priˈskraɪbd drəgz səʧ ɛz ˈrɪtəlɪn wɪʧ maɪt ˈdæmɪʤ ðɛr dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ breɪnz. ðeɪ səˈspɛktɪd ðət teachers’*’ ˌɪnˈtɑlərəns fər ˈæktɪv, ˈbɔɪstərəs bɔɪz, nɑt ðɛr sons’*’ prɪˈzumd ˈdɛfɪsɪts, wɑz riˈspɑnsəbəl. ˈmɪdəl klæs ər ˈmoʊstli rɪˈspɛktəbəl ˈwərid əˈbaʊt skulz əˈbjuzɪŋ ðɛr ðə ˈʧɪldrən wər bɔɪz. sæks 2007 kənˈsɪdərd əv ˈstɪmjələnts soʊ ˈsɪriəs ɛz tɪ meɪk ɪt wən əv faɪv meɪn ˈfæktərz ɪn ðə əv bɔɪz ənd jəŋ mɛn. gərlz sim tɪ nid worrying-about*, ˈklaɪnˌfɛld roʊt ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə seɪm ˈpeɪpər: waɪl ðə ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃənəl ˈprɑbləmz əv gərlz hæv lɛd tɪ ˈnumərəs ˈpɑləsi ˈɛfərts tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðɛr əˈʧivmənt ɪn ˈɛriəz wɛr ðeɪ ər bɪˈhaɪnd, səʧ ɛz əˈʧivmənt ɪn ˌmæθəˈmætɪks ənd saɪəns æt ðə tɔp, ðə ˈprɑbləmz əv bɔɪz hæv bɪn ˈlɑrʤli ˌɪgˈnɔrd baɪ ˈfɛdərəl ˈeɪʤənsiz, faʊnˈdeɪʃənz, ənd skul ˈdɪstrɪkts. skulz, ˈoʊvər ðə pæst tu ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənz əv taɪm, hæv ʧeɪnʤd tɪ bi mɔr girl-friendly*, bət hæv dɪˈmændɪd ðə bɔɪz ʧeɪnʤ ˈrəðər ðən ðə skulz, ˈivɪn tɪ ðə pɔɪnt əv ˈfɔrsɪŋ ðə bɔɪz tɪ ʧeɪnʤ baɪ ˈdrəgɪŋ ðɛm (ˈklaɪnˌfɛld, 2009 sæks, 2007 əˈnɑnəməs, 2011 ˈdrəgɪŋ ˈʧɪldrən tɪ fɔrs ðɛm tɪ əˈdæpt tɪ ˌɪnəˈproʊpriɪt ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz ɪz əˈbjuz ənd meɪ ˈkɑnstəˌtut ˈtɔrʧər. ɪf ðɪs wər dən tɪ ˈʧɪldrən əv wən reɪs, ˈrəðər ðən əv wən ˈʤɛndər, ɪt wʊd bi ˈkrɪmənəl. ðə ˈoʊnli ˈrizən ɪt ɪz nɑt ˌɪnˈdid ɪt ɪz ðət lɔz hæv bɪn ˈrɪtən tɪ ˈprɪvɪlɪʤ ˈfiˌmeɪl ənd meɪl ˈsɪtɪzənz. imaginably*, mɛn ræŋk loʊər ɪn ˈsɪvəl ˈstændɪŋ təˈdeɪ ðən hæv ræŋkt sɪns braʊn vi. bɔrd əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən. nɑt biɪŋ ə ˈlɔjər nɔr ə pəˈlismən, aɪ noʊ ˈwɛðər ˈkrɪmənəl ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən əv skul ˈeɪʤənts fər ˈdrəgɪŋ bɔɪz ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl. aɪ wʊd ɪnˈkərəʤ ɪt ɪf ɪt strit ˈpʊʃərz goʊ tɪ ˈprɪzən, waɪ nɑt skul wɪθ ðə strit ˈpʊʃərz, əkˈsɛptəns ɪz æt list ˈsəmˈwət ˈvɑləntɛri, soʊ skul ˈdrəgɪŋ ɪz wərs ɔn ðə feɪs əv ɪt. ɪf ˈdrəgɪŋ stɑpt təˈmɑˌroʊ, skulz wʊd stɪl bi prɪm, ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts ðət ˈpjupəlz who—frankly*, hu ækt laɪk bɔɪz (əˈnɑnəməs, 2011 ˈsɛkstən, 19 fju skulz hæv ˈteɪkən ˈnoʊtɪs əv ˈrisənt ˈrisərʧ ʃoʊɪŋ ðət nɑt ˈoʊnli ər bɔɪz ˈnæʧərəli mɔr ˈæktɪv ənd lərn ˈbɛtər wɪn ˈæktɪv. skul ˈtiʧɪŋ tɛkˈniks ər mɔr ˈsutɪd tɪ gərlz ðən tɪ bɔɪz. tɪ rɪˈpit ˈəðər words”*” fər ˈɛmfəsɪs: skulz ər ˈfeɪlɪŋ bɔɪz mɔr ðən bɔɪz ər ˈfeɪlɪŋ ɪn skul. ˈwɛðər ər nɑt skul ““drug-pushers”*” kən bi ˈprɑsɪˌkjutɪd, ənd ðɪs meɪ ˈvɛri frəm steɪt tɪ steɪt, səm truθ ɪn ɪz overdue”*”: skulz ʃʊd bi pinked*. pɪŋk skul dɔrz ənd skul ˈbəsɪz wʊd bi ə ˈwɔrnɪŋ fju kʊd ˌmɪsəndərˈstænd. ðeɪ wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ə ˈəndər ðə saddle”*” ɔn skul bɔrdz ənd əˈfɪʃəlz ənˈtɪl ðə ˌɪmˈplaɪd ˈrɛmədi əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ɪz ɪn ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən. pəˈtɪʃənɪŋ skul bɔrdz hæd dæm wɛl ˈbɛtər bi ˈlɔfəl, ənd ɪn ə ril dɪˈmɑkrəsi ɪt ʃʊd bi ɪnˈkərəʤd wɛˈnɛvər ðə pəˈtɪʃən həz səm ˈmɛrət. ðə kaɪnd əv ˈɛfərt skɛʧ hir. ðə ˈmɛni gʊd ˈæktɪvɪsts hu rɛd ðɪs saɪt ʃʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðə pəˈtɪʃən ənd æd ˈəðər weɪz əv ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈæftər skul ˈsɪstəmz tɪ stɑp ˈdrəgɪŋ bɔɪz ənd stɑrt ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtɪŋ ðɛm ɪn weɪz. ənd ˈminˌwaɪl, pɪŋk skul ˈbəsɪz ənd pɪŋk skul dɔrz wɪl æt list bi səm kaɪnd əv fɛr ˈwɔrnɪŋ wət skulz ər laɪk. ə rəf dræft pəˈtɪʃən [wɪʧ dɪz nɑt ˈmɛnʃən ˈdrəgɪŋ, bɪˈkəz ðət əˈbjuz ʃʊd bi mɔr əˈgrɛsɪvli əˈtækt] fər ðə ˈlɔjərz ənd ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz əˈməŋ ju tɪ rɪˈfaɪn: tɪ ðə [neɪm əv ˈloʊkəl board”*”]: wɛˈræz, ðə ˈstrəkʧər əv kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˈklæsˌrumz ənd ðə dɪˈmændz meɪd baɪ kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˈskulˌtiʧərz ðɛˈrɪn, ər ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt wɪθ ənd ˌɪˈnɪmɪkəl tɪ ðə ˈnæʧərəl saɪˈkɑləʤi əv ˈhɛlθi bɔɪz; ənd wɛˈræz, ðə ˈnæʧərəl saɪˈkɑləʤi əv gərlz ɪz mɔr əˈdæptɪd tɪ səʧ ˈklæsˌrumz ənd dɪˈmændz ðən ðət əv bɔɪz; ənd wɛˈræz, ðə ˈprɛzənt skul bəs ˈpræktɪsɪz ˈkɑnstəˌtut ““babying”*” əv moʊst skul ˈʧɪldrən, wɪʧ ˈʧɪldrən nid tɪ noʊ haʊ tɪ dil wɪθ ðə ˈtræfɪk ɔn ðə roʊdz nɛkst ðɛr hoʊmz ˈɛniˌweɪ: ˈðɛrˌfɔr, wi ðə [undersigned*, prɪˈzɛntɪŋ] pəˈtɪʃənərz, hɪrˈbaɪ dɪˈmænd wɪθ ɔl du rɪˈspɛkt (wɪʧ meɪ nɑt bi ˈvɛri məʧ rɪˈspɛkt ɪf ɑr ˈɛfərts ʃʊd bi skɔrnd) ðət ðə [neɪm əv ˈloʊkəl board”*”] ˈfɔrθˈwɪθ: kɔz ɔl skul ˈbəsɪz ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd baɪ ðə bɔrd tɪ bi ˈpeɪnɪd ə braɪt pɪŋk ˈkələr, wɪʧ ˈkələr bi ɛz ˈizəli ˈvɪzəbəl ɛz ðə ˈprɛzəntli juzd ʃeɪd əv ˈjɛloʊ, ənd wɪʧ ˈkələr əˈdɪʃəˌnəli ˈdɛzɪgˌneɪts ðə skul ˈbəsɪz ənd skulz tɪ bi mɔr ˈsutəbəl fər gərlz ðən fər bɔɪz kɔz ðə ˈɛntri dɔrz əv ɔl skulz ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd baɪ ðə bɔrd tɪ bi ˈpeɪnɪd pɪŋk, ˈfərðər ˈdɛzɪgˌneɪtɪŋ ðə skulz tɪ bi mɔr ˈsutəbəl fər gərlz ðən fər bɔɪz; fɔrm ə kəˈmɪti ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ æt list 50 skɪld treɪdz mɛn (wɪʧ ˈkætəˌgɔri kən ˌɪnˈklud kʊks, ˈfɑrmərz, ˈɛˌrlaɪn ˈpaɪləts, fɪˈzɪʃənz, ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə.; bət nɑt ˈbjʊrəˌkræts) tɪ dɪˈzaɪn ə skul ˈsɪstəm, ɛz tɪ boʊθ ˈɑrkəˌtɛkʧər ənd ˈtiʧɪŋ ˈpræktɪsɪz, əˈdæptɪd tɪ ðə saɪˈkɑləʤi əv ˈnɔrməl ˈhɛlθi bɔɪz; ənˈtɪl ðɛr ər skulz əˈveɪləbəl, sis tɪ tæks ˈpɛrənts əv bɔɪz; fɔrm ə kəˈmɪti əv ˈrʊrəl ˈrɛzɪdənts tɪ ˌrivˈju ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ ðə ˈprɛzənt skul bəs ˈsɪstəm wɪθ ˈrʊrəl ˈbəsɪz wɪʧ meɪ ˈkɛri ˈpərsənz hu ər nɑt skul ˈʧɪldrən, ðəs ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ðə moʊˈbɪlɪti əv ˈrʊrəl ənd ðə ɪˈfɪʃənsi əv ˈrʊrəl laɪf; ənd rɪˈteɪn ðə pɪŋk ˈkələrˌrɪŋ əv boʊθ skul dɔrz ənd skul ˈbəsɪz ɪkˈsɛpt, ənˈlɛs, ənd ənˈtɪl: ɪn ðə keɪs əv skul ˈbəsɪz, ə ˈsɪstəm rɪˈpleɪsɪz ðə bəs ˈsɪstəm; ðɛr ər əˈpruvd, skulz ɪn ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən, wɪʧ skulz meɪ hæv dɔrz əv səm ˈəðər əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ˈkələr. pərˈzɛnəd ðɪs deɪ əv 201 baɪ ðə undersigned*. ˈfərðər ˈsɪgnəʧər lines…*… noʊt: ɛz ðə steɪt əv ˈtɛksəs həz ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd wɛl ɪˈnəf fər ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈbrɔdˌkæstɪŋ ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən tɪ teɪk ˈnoʊtɪs ənd rɪˈpɔrt ˈnæʃənəli, ˈpənɪʃmənts ənd kərˈɛkʃənz ˈəðər ðən əp ɪn ˈprɪzənz, meɪ bi ˈprɛfərəbəl. ðə ˈtɑpɪk ɪz tu lɑrʤ tɪ bi ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðɪs ““blog”*”. ˈrɛfərənsɪz: əˈnɑnəməs, 2011 rɪˈpɔrts əv skul ˈpræktɪsɪz ɪn nu ˈbrənzwɪk ənd ˈængləˌfoʊn kwəˈbɛk. noʊˈvɛmbər 6 əˈnɑnəməs, ə ˈsəbstəˌtut ˈtiʧər ənd ʧərʧ ˈpæstər, rɪˈpɔrts ðət skulz stɪl ˌrikˈwaɪər ˈpjupəlz tɪ sɪt kˈwaɪətli ɪn nit roʊz ənd ˈlɪsən tɪ ˈtiʧər, əv ˈeɪbəlst ˈpjupəlz] ɪz ɪf wərs ðən wɪn hi wɑz ə ˈskulˌbɔɪ, ˈmɛni bɔɪz ər out”*”. ˈdrəgɪŋ dɪz əˈkər; hi kʊd nɑt steɪt ðə ɪkˈstɛnt. ˈklaɪnˌfɛld, ˈʤudɪθ. 2009 steɪt əv əˈmɛrɪkən boyhood”*”. ˈʤɛndər sæks, ˈlɛnərd 2007 bɔɪz əˈdrɪft. nu jɔrk: ˈbeɪsɪk bʊks. noʊt ˈɔlsoʊ ˌrivˈju baɪ ˈstivən svoʊˈboʊdə, ˈsɛkstən, pəˈtrɪʃə cayo*. 19 ðə meɪl. |
chair's comments
stephen metcalfe mp, chair of the science and technology committee, said:
"we agreed our committee report on the same day that the prime minister triggered article 50. will present opportunities and risks for our economy and for the science and innovation that supports it. a regulatory regime that is and tuned to our international research and trading withrope and be essential. the government has an opportunity to do more to strengthen the links between the industrial strategy and as the exit negotiations now get under way. that will be vitally important for keeping the government's industrial strategy relevant and to the opportunities presented by the evolving negotiations."
eu researchers working and studying in the
the committee also repeat their call for the government to give a firm commitment to researchers working and studying in the that they will continue to have a secure position here.
the government told the committee previously that it could not give such a unilateral commitment but that a reciprocal deal on this was a high priority, and the prime minister repeated that position in her article 50 statement on 29 march.
government's autumn statement pledge
the committee welcomes the government's autumn statement pledge of an additional billion a year of science and research funding which, the committee says, will be a valuable contribution to maintaining the country's science status and help maintain the as an attractive location for research.
stephen metcalfe mp, chair of the science and technology committee, said:
"the government has significantly increased science funding, which will put us in a better position to attract skilled researchers and collaborative science projects. i want the government to see that as an initial investment towards meeting a the to be spending 3% of on our committee has repeatedly pushed for."
"while it is too soon to know whether will end up bringing less or more inward science investment to the in the long-term, the government should be ready to make good any net shortfall in the short-term with further funding for science."
stem skills
the committee also calls for the government to complement its raft of initiatives to increase stem (science, technology, engineering and maths) skills, including the new further education t' level, by existing local initiatives.
further education reforms aimed at raising stem skills should also reflect not just what employers need but also evidence on what initiatives are most effective in increasing and sustaining young people's interest in science and what really influences their study subject choices.
further information
image: | chair's* ˈkɑmɛnts ˈstivən ˈmɛtkəlf mp*, ʧɛr əv ðə saɪəns ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi kəˈmɪti, sɛd: "wi əˈgrid ɑr kəˈmɪti rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə seɪm deɪ ðət ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈtrɪgərd ˈɑrtɪkəl 50 wɪl ˈprɛzənt ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ənd rɪsks fər ɑr ɪˈkɑnəmi ənd fər ðə saɪəns ənd ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən ðət səˈpɔrts ɪt. ə ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri rəˈʒim ðət ɪz ənd tund tɪ ɑr ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈrisərʧ ənd ˈtreɪdɪŋ wɪθ ˈjʊrəp ənd bi ɛˈsɛnʃəl. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt həz ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ du mɔr tɪ ˈstrɛŋθən ðə lɪŋks bɪtˈwin ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈstrætəʤi ənd ɛz ðə ˈɛksət nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz naʊ gɪt ˈəndər weɪ. ðət wɪl bi ˈvaɪtəli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt fər ˈkipɪŋ ðə ˈgəvərnmənts ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈstrætəʤi ˈrɛləvənt ənd tɪ ðə ˌɑpərˈtunətiz pərˈzɛnəd baɪ ðə ɪˈvɑlvɪŋ nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz." ˈrisərʧərz ˈwərkɪŋ ənd ˈstədiɪŋ ɪn ðə ðə kəˈmɪti ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈpit ðɛr kɔl fər ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ gɪv ə fərm kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ˈrisərʧərz ˈwərkɪŋ ənd ˈstədiɪŋ ɪn ðə ðət ðeɪ wɪl kənˈtɪnju tɪ hæv ə sɪˈkjʊr pəˈzɪʃən hir. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt toʊld ðə kəˈmɪti ˈpriviəsli ðət ɪt kʊd nɑt gɪv səʧ ə ˌjunəˈlætərəl kəˈmɪtmənt bət ðət ə rɪˈsɪprəkəl dil ɔn ðɪs wɑz ə haɪ praɪˈɔrəti, ənd ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər rɪˈpitɪd ðət pəˈzɪʃən ɪn hər ˈɑrtɪkəl 50 ˈsteɪtmənt ɔn 29 mɑrʧ. ˈgəvərnmənts ˈɔtəm ˈsteɪtmənt plɛʤ ðə kəˈmɪti ˈwɛlkəmz ðə ˈgəvərnmənts ˈɔtəm ˈsteɪtmənt plɛʤ əv ən əˈdɪʃənəl ˈbɪljən ə jɪr əv saɪəns ənd ˈrisərʧ ˈfəndɪŋ wɪʧ, ðə kəˈmɪti sɪz, wɪl bi ə ˈvæljəbəl ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ ðə ˈkəntriz saɪəns ˈstætəs ənd hɛlp meɪnˈteɪn ðə ɛz ən əˈtræktɪv loʊˈkeɪʃən fər ˈrisərʧ. ˈstivən ˈmɛtkəlf mp*, ʧɛr əv ðə saɪəns ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi kəˈmɪti, sɛd: "ðə ˈgəvərnmənt həz sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˌɪnˈkrist saɪəns ˈfəndɪŋ, wɪʧ wɪl pʊt ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ə ˈbɛtər pəˈzɪʃən tɪ əˈtrækt skɪld ˈrisərʧərz ənd kəˈlæbərˌeɪtɪv saɪəns ˈprɑʤɛkts. aɪ wɔnt ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ si ðət ɛz ən ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt təˈwɔrdz ˈmitɪŋ ə ðə tɪ bi ˈspɛndɪŋ 3 əv ɔn ɑr kəˈmɪti həz rɪˈpitɪdli pʊʃt fər." "waɪl ɪt ɪz tu sun tɪ noʊ ˈwɛðər wɪl ɛnd əp ˈbrɪŋɪŋ lɛs ər mɔr ˈɪnwərd saɪəns ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt tɪ ðə ɪn ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm, ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ʃʊd bi ˈrɛdi tɪ meɪk gʊd ˈɛni nɛt ˈʃɔrtˌfɔl ɪn ðə ˌʃɔrtˈtərm wɪθ ˈfərðər ˈfəndɪŋ fər saɪəns." stɛm skɪlz ðə kəˈmɪti ˈɔlsoʊ kɔlz fər ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ ˈkɑmpləmənt ɪts ræft əv ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪvz tɪ ˌɪnˈkris stɛm (saɪəns, tɛkˈnɑləʤi, ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ənd maths*) skɪlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə nu ˈfərðər ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ti' ˈlɛvəl, baɪ ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈloʊkəl ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪvz. ˈfərðər ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən rɪˈfɔrmz eɪmd æt ˈreɪzɪŋ stɛm skɪlz ʃʊd ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈflɛkt nɑt ʤɪst wət ɪmˈplɔɪərz nid bət ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛvədəns ɔn wət ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪvz ər moʊst ˈifɛktɪv ɪn ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ənd səˈsteɪnɪŋ jəŋ ˈpipəlz ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn saɪəns ənd wət ˈrɪli ˈɪnˌfluənsɪz ðɛr ˈstədi ˈsəbʤɪkt ˈʧɔɪsɪz. ˈfərðər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈɪmɪʤ: |
last friday, against the vehement and public urging of his own attorney general and nearly one hundred of the most respected legal experts, governor bobby signed senate bill 469 into law. quoting his press release (bold mine):
governor said, “this bill will help stop frivolous lawsuits and create a more fair and predictable legal environment, and i am proud to sign it into law. it further improves legal environment by reducing unnecessary claims that burden businesses so that we can bring even more jobs to our state. the bill will also send future recovered dollars from litigation to coastal projects, allowing us to ensure louisiana coastal lands are preserved and that our communities are protected.”
if wondering who, exactly, the law benefits, all you need to do is keep reading’s press release, which contains this amazing confession. quoting (again, bold and italics mine):
loga president don briggs said, “the signing of 469 is a huge victory for the oil and gas industry as well as the economy for the state of louisiana. we commend governor for his leadership and support of this bill as it made its way through the process….”
as i mentioned in a previous post, 469 was, ostensibly, about stopping a controversial, landmark lawsuit filed by the southeast louisiana flood protection (slfpa-e) against 97 oil and gas companies for their role in illegally damaging and the coastal environment and ecosystem. but as we now know, the law is about much more than merely ending a single lawsuit by a single governmental authority.
sb 469 appears to have been written and deliberately designed by lawyers who represent the oil and gas industry in order to shield, reduce, or eliminate their clients’ exposure to civil damages on a wide range of pending and future claims, including, most notably, liability for billions of dollars in outstanding claims related to the 2010 deepwater horizon catastrophe. indeed, according to people intimately involved in the legislative process, no one lobbied harder for the passage of 469 than those associated with.
with the stroke of the pen, governor bobby likely saved the oil and gas industry billions of dollars in damages for which they otherwise would have been legally responsible, damages that are legitimately owed to hundreds, if not thousands, of hardworking families, businesses, and coastal communities who were devastated by and continue to suffer from the lingering effects of the worst environmental disaster in american history. governor may claim this was about ending “frivolous lawsuits” and creating a “more fair and predictable legal environment,” but unfortunately for him, the geniuses on his communications team allowed don briggs, the president of the louisiana oil and gas association, to tell it like it is, “a huge victory for the oil and gas industry.” to be sure, that may actually be an understatement.
this about ending frivolous lawsuits or better ensuring a fair and predictable legal environment; it was about rigging the law in favor of the biggest, wealthiest, and most powerful industry in louisiana (and arguably, the world).
*****
thomas enright, the executive counsel, argues that claims for damages against would not be affected by 469, because the federal oil pollution act preempts the new louisiana state law. notwithstanding the irony and the hypocrisy of governor, seemingly for the very first time in his entire career, invoking and championing the preemption doctrine, enright may very well be correct in his analysis.
but the simple fact is: lawyers can and will argue otherwise; an issue of first impression that will ultimately be determined by the courts, not by’s attorney. 469 provides a new and novel line of defense. indeed, attorney general and nearly 100 legal experts from the top law schools all agree. the oil and gas lawyers know true, too; after all, by own admission, they helped write the law.
even if enright is, in fact, right and even if the courts eventually rule against, because these issues will take months, if not years, to fully resolve,’s decision to sign and enact 469 almost certainly reduced substantially the anticipated settlement values for thousands of louisiana citizens. and why stands to gain billions of dollars. remember, has enormously deep pockets; if they wanted to, they could afford to litigate these claims for the next century without ever affecting or even touching their bottom line. the average citizen, however, cannot afford and would never be inclined to wage a war of attrition against about the preemption doctrine as it relates to state law conflicting with the oil pollution act.
remember too, the longer the legal process, the less those who were affected and damaged by negligence can expect. in a complex case involving billions of dollars, a broadly and vaguely worded new law can have an enormous economic value.
make no mistake: governor understood this. as reported by patrick flanagan of the independent monthly,, bobby’s younger brother, “is an attorney with gibson dunn, one of the law firms representing against the damage claims… assigned to the division handling case,” a critical detail and potentially a massive conflict of interest that has never been fully explained or even properly disclosed. if brother explain the stakes to him, jimmy faircloth,’s former executive counsel and longtime confidant, should have. quoting from the (bold mine):
also, the claim that 469 got a full public airing true. the bill was cobbled together late in the session by the former executive counsel, jimmy faircloth, and switched to a different senate committee hours before a hearing on it. that limited public input. mr. pointed out in a response to mr. enright wednesday that the chairman of the house natural resources committee also curtailed debate on the bill.
it’s worth noting that representative gordon dove, the chairman of the house natural resources committee, just shut off debate on the bill; he also refused to read into the record, as is customary, the names of citizens who showed up to support or oppose the bill. if he had, he would have revealed that ten times as many people, almost all of whom were either coastal activists or environmental professionals with no personal financial interest whatsoever, showed up to oppose the bill than those who showed up to support the bill, almost all of whom were being paid by organizations, agencies, and companies with a direct financial interest. (i am in receipt of this documentation and can send it upon request; not posting it out of an abundance of caution, because it contains the home addresses, phone numbers, and e-mail addresses of private citizens).
*****
if it already obvious that 469 had little to do with ending the lawsuit and almost everything to do with broadly immunizing the oil and gas industry from a wide range of otherwise legitimate claims, governor bobby made it abundantly clear only a few hours after he signed the bill into law. later on friday, announced he was replacing tim doody, the chairman and founding member of the, with a former oil and gas industry insider who openly admitted his biases and ignorance. quoting from the advocate (bold mine):
in a second blow to the flood protection authority friday, announced that tim doody, a st. bernard parish resident who has served on the authority since it was created, will be replaced by tyrone ben, a fellow st. bernard resident who works for the guidance center, an outpatient behavioral health and counseling center. doody is the fourth member of the authority who supported the suit to be replaced since the case was filed. with replacement, only five of the nine members of the board are on record in favor of continuing the suit. two more members, one who supports the suit and one who opposes it, are expected to be up for renomination later this year. ben, who was urged to apply for a seat on the board by former st. bernard parish president craig taffaro, currently an official in’s administration, said he did not have a “political agenda” in applying for the seat. based on his experience working for oil and gas companies, ben said, he is inclined to believe that because energy companies needed to receive permits for their work, they were already being regulated and the lawsuit was not necessary. however, he said he was willing to listen to those who disagree. “i know anything on the other side of the argument,” ben said. “i would be open-minded. i would be willing to listen. evidently they had something that compelled them to file it in the first place.” officials have said opposition to the suit would be a “litmus test” for all new appointees to the authority, and ben said he was asked about the case by administration officials prior to his appointment. “i said if my selection was predicated on that, i might not be the best person for the job,” he said. because he was appointed after the session ended, ben will not have to face senate confirmation until next session.’s other three appointees were all confirmed by the senate this year.
despite mr. equivocations, he was, very obviously, selected to oppose the lawsuit, and because mr. has the opportunity to replace two more members within the year, including one who supports the lawsuit, the governor will almost certainly have the five votes he needs for the to withdraw the case within the year. in other words, 469 was not necessary at all for mr. to ensure that the lawsuit was dropped. that may have been how the legislation was sold to the public, but again, not what the law actually does. indeed, several legal experts argue that 469, due to its purposely sloppy and overly broad statutory language, affect the lawsuit at all.
*****
before i ask what i believe to be the single question that could destroy bobby’s political future, i think important to focus first on what may be the most astonishing accomplishment of his career. to be sure, the accomplishment actually belong, exclusively, to him; it also belongs to his wife.
only a few short months after he was elected to his first term, bobby’s wife established the foundation, a and charity that provides schools with high-tech whiteboards, a worthy pet cause that immediately was embraced by some of most powerful companies. in almost no time at all, the foundation went from an that existed only on paper to a organization with millions of dollars in the bank. its astronomical success at immediately cultivating major donors and raising vast sums of money had never been done before in louisiana, and it provided the new first lady of louisiana with the platform and the resources necessary to embark on annual statewide goodwill tours, doling out hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of technology to teachers and schools.
unfortunately for bobby and, eventually, people began asking questions about where all of that money actually came from, and once they started asking questions, it take long to figure out that the foundation was funded, almost exclusively and entirely, by companies seeking special incentives and preferred treatment from the state of louisiana. quoting from a 2011 report in the new york times (bold mine):
at&t, which needed mr., a republican, to sign off on legislation allowing the company to sell cable television services without having to negotiate with individual parishes, has pledged at least $250,000 to the foundation for children. marathon oil, which last year won approval from the administration to increase the amount of oil it can refine at its louisiana plant, also committed to a $250,000 donation. and the military contractor northrop grumman, which got state officials to help set up an airplane maintenance facility at a former air force base, promised $10,000 to the charity. the foundation has collected nearly $1 million in previously unreported pledges from major oil companies, insurers and other corporations in louisiana with regulatory issues, according to a review by the new york times.. dow chemical, which has pledged $100,000 to the foundation, is the largest petrochemical company in louisiana and has had numerous interactions with state officials during the administration, including an investigation into a july 2009 spill at its st. charles parish plant that forced the evacuation of area homes. the state in december 2009 proposed fining the company and its union carbide subsidiary for allowing the release of a toxic pollutant and failing to quickly notify state authorities of the leak, but so far no fine has been assessed.. alon usa, an israeli oil company that has pledged $250,000 to the foundation, last year sought permit changes that would allow it to discharge more pollutants at its krotz springs refinery. in 2009, state environmental officials also eased requirements for the company to check for spills of oil, ammonia or other contaminants in waterways to twice a month, instead of twice a week, records show. several of the major donors are large state contractors, like ambulance, or construction, which alone has received $67.6 million in contracts since 2009, mostly for highways, said a separate report on the foundation being issued this week by citizens for responsibility and ethics in washington. both companies have pledged at least $10,000 to the foundation.
since the new york times report, the foundation appears to have dramatically scaled back its activities. aside from a few minor edits, its website changed in years. according to its most recently available 990 report, the organization has no employees and only three officers, all unpaid:, jeff anger, a former lobbyist who runs a political action committee, and lynn moore, the wife of jeff moore, a member of the board of supervisors and a hotelier who inherited his fortune from his oil and gas company.
perhaps not surprisingly, at the time of the new york times report, press secretary kyle plotkin (who was recently promoted to chief of staff) was not too thrilled. quoting (bold mine):
“it is a completely nonpolitical, nonpartisan organization created by the first lady, who as an engineer and the mother of three children, has a passion for helping our young people learn science and math,” said kyle plotkin, the press secretary. “anything other than this reality has plainly been dreamed up by partisan hacks living in a fantasy land.”
the inability of governor and his staff to recognize the enormous concerns raised by the size, the timing, and the source of corporate donations to his foundation and the arrogant, bombastic with which they treated those concerns were and continue to be troubling.
but if you care about the corrosive influence of money in our political process, the of a government defined by closed door quid pro quo agreements between elected leaders and their corporate benefactors, then you should be even more alarmed by the newest non-profit.
*****
three months after the filed its landmark lawsuit against 97 oil and gas companies, bobby launched america next, a) social welfare organization that many immediately perceived to be a launching pad for a 2016 presidential campaign.
if, in fact, america next is nothing more than about promoting’s candidacy, through the ruse of promoting his “ideas,” (and all indications, thus far, are that it is), then it, undoubtedly, violates federal tax laws regulating and defining) social welfare organizations. donations to’s new organization tax-deductible, but the organization is still. and perhaps most importantly, as a), america next required to disclose any of its donors to the public.
when was first elected governor of louisiana in 2007, he promised a new era of transparency in government. he campaigned on implementing the “gold standard” of ethics reform. he lambasted the cronyism and corruption that had defined state politics for decades, depicting his opponents as clowns who were willing to do anything for a bribe.
seven years later, approaching lame duck status, bobby is preparing his exit from the mansion by establishing a organization intended to promote his candidacy for national office, and when asked if he intended to reveal the donors to his new organization, not only refused, he acted as if disclosure of his donors the very definition of transparency- was nothing more than a trap set by his political opponents. quoting from the (bold mine):
during a breakfast meeting with political reporters wednesday, in which he unveiled a alternative to the affordable care act prepared by america next, was asked whether he would reveal the financing. he referred the question to the executive director, jill, a former aide to the 2012 mitt romney for president organization. it take long for to respond to an email question: “america next is a) that will make all disclosures as required by law,” she said in an email. “beyond that we do not see any reason to give the obama administration opportunity to unjustly target conservative donors.”
the glaring truth is: america next a social welfare organization, and it be under section). an organization of political consultants, led by a woman who most recently worked for mitt campaign, in order to support’s candidacy, and all hoping that everyone else is too dumb, too lazy, or too scared to call them out for openly breaking the law. if bobby wants to build an infrastructure for a 2016 campaign, he should have formed a political action committee; that would have also provided him with certain tax exemptions. but one major difference: unlike a pac,)s required to disclose their donors.
so, for the next year or two, hopes we all ignore his blatant disregard of laws that are designed to ensure transparency and the right to know who is paying their elected officials on the side, how much paying, and when those payments are made. hopes consider america next to be his quaint little think tank, and banking on the belief that louisiana citizens group the donations to his new non-profit with his actions as governor. but as his foundation proves, it would be foolish not to look into who is bankrolling his organization.
that’s the single question that could destroy bobby’s political future: who? | læst ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, əˈgɛnst ðə ˈviəmənt ənd ˈpəblɪk ˈərʤɪŋ əv hɪz oʊn əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ənd ˈnɪrli wən ˈhənərd əv ðə moʊst rɪˈspɛktɪd ˈligəl ˈɛkspərts, ˈgəvərnər ˈbɑbi saɪnd ˈsɛnɪt bɪl 469 ˈɪntu lɔ. kˈwoʊtɪŋ hɪz prɛs riˈlis (boʊld maɪn): ˈgəvərnər sɛd, bɪl wɪl hɛlp stɑp ˈfrɪvələs ˈlɔˌsuts ənd kriˈeɪt ə mɔr fɛr ənd prɪˈdɪktəbəl ˈligəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt, ənd aɪ æm praʊd tɪ saɪn ɪt ˈɪntu lɔ. ɪt ˈfərðər ˌɪmˈpruvz ˈligəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt baɪ rɪˈdusɪŋ ənˈnɛsəˌsɛri kleɪmz ðət ˈbərdən ˈbɪznɪsɪz soʊ ðət wi kən brɪŋ ˈivɪn mɔr ʤɑbz tɪ ɑr steɪt. ðə bɪl wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ sɛnd fˈjuʧər rɪˈkəvərd ˈdɔlərz frəm ˌlɪtəˈgeɪʃən tɪ ˈkoʊstəl ˈprɑʤɛkts, əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr luˌiziˈænə ˈkoʊstəl lændz ər prɪˈzərvd ənd ðət ɑr kəmˈjunɪtiz ər protected.”*.” ɪf ˈwəndərɪŋ hu, ɪgˈzæktli, ðə lɔ ˈbɛnəfɪts, ɔl ju nid tɪ du ɪz kip ˈrɛdɪŋ prɛs riˈlis, wɪʧ kənˈteɪnz ðɪs əˈmeɪzɪŋ kənˈfɛʃən. kˈwoʊtɪŋ (əˈgɛn, boʊld ənd aɪˈtælɪks maɪn): ˈprɛzɪdənt dɑn brɪgz sɛd, ˈsaɪnɪŋ əv 469 ɪz ə juʤ ˈvɪktəri fər ðə ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈɪndəstri ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi fər ðə steɪt əv luˌiziˈænə. wi kəˈmɛnd ˈgəvərnər fər hɪz ˈlidərˌʃɪp ənd səˈpɔrt əv ðɪs bɪl ɛz ɪt meɪd ɪts weɪ θru ðə process….”*….” ɛz aɪ ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn ə ˈpriviəs poʊst, 469 wɑz, ɑˈstɛnsəbli, əˈbaʊt ˈstɑpɪŋ ə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl, ˈlændˌmɑrk ˈlɔˌsut faɪld baɪ ðə ˌsaʊˈθist luˌiziˈænə fləd prəˈtɛkʃən (slfpa-e*) əˈgɛnst 97 ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈkəmpəˌniz fər ðɛr roʊl ɪn ˌɪˈligəli ˈdæmɪʤɪŋ ənd ðə ˈkoʊstəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ənd ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm. bət ɛz wi naʊ noʊ, ðə lɔ ɪz əˈbaʊt məʧ mɔr ðən ˈmɪrli ˈɛndɪŋ ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈlɔˌsut baɪ ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˌgəvərnˈmɛntəl əˈθɔrəti. 469 əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv bɪn ˈrɪtən ənd dɪˈlɪbərətli dɪˈzaɪnd baɪ ˈlɔjərz hu ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ðə ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈɪndəstri ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ʃild, rɪˈdus, ər ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ðɛr clients’*’ ɪkˈspoʊʒər tɪ ˈsɪvəl ˈdæmɪʤɪz ɔn ə waɪd reɪnʤ əv ˈpɛndɪŋ ənd fˈjuʧər kleɪmz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ, moʊst ˈnoʊtəbli, ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti fər ˈbɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz ɪn ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ kleɪmz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə 2010 ˈdipˌwɔtər hərˈaɪzən kəˈtæstrəfi. ˌɪnˈdid, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈpipəl ˈɪntɪmətli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈprɔˌsɛs, noʊ wən ˈlɑbid ˈhɑrdər fər ðə ˈpæsɪʤ əv 469 ðən ðoʊz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ. wɪθ ðə stroʊk əv ðə pɛn, ˈgəvərnər ˈbɑbi ˈlaɪkli seɪvd ðə ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈɪndəstri ˈbɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz ɪn ˈdæmɪʤɪz fər wɪʧ ðeɪ ˈəðərˌwaɪz wʊd hæv bɪn ˈligəli riˈspɑnsəbəl, ˈdæmɪʤɪz ðət ər ləˈʤɪtəmətli oʊd tɪ ˈhənərdz, ɪf nɑt ˈθaʊzənz, əv ˈhɑrdˌwərkɪŋ ˈfæməliz, ˈbɪznɪsɪz, ənd ˈkoʊstəl kəmˈjunɪtiz hu wər ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪd baɪ ənd kənˈtɪnju tɪ ˈsəfər frəm ðə ˈlɪŋgərɪŋ ˈifɛkts əv ðə wərst ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl dɪˈzæstər ɪn əˈmɛrɪkən ˈhɪstəri. ˈgəvərnər meɪ kleɪm ðɪs wɑz əˈbaʊt ˈɛndɪŋ lawsuits”*” ənd kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə fɛr ənd prɪˈdɪktəbəl ˈligəl environment,”*,” bət ənˈfɔrʧənətli fər ɪm, ðə ˈʤinjəsɪz ɔn hɪz kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz tim əˈlaʊd dɑn brɪgz, ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə luˌiziˈænə ɔɪl ənd gæs əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən, tɪ tɛl ɪt laɪk ɪt ɪz, juʤ ˈvɪktəri fər ðə ɔɪl ənd gæs industry.”*.” tɪ bi ʃʊr, ðət meɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli bi ən ˈəndərˌsteɪtmənt. ðɪs əˈbaʊt ˈɛndɪŋ ˈfrɪvələs ˈlɔˌsuts ər ˈbɛtər ɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ ə fɛr ənd prɪˈdɪktəbəl ˈligəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt; ɪt wɑz əˈbaʊt ˈrɪgɪŋ ðə lɔ ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ðə ˈbɪgəst, ˈwɛlθiəst, ənd moʊst ˈpaʊərfəl ˈɪndəstri ɪn luˌiziˈænə (ənd ˈɑrgjuəbli, ðə wərld). ˈtɑməs ɪnˈraɪt, ðə ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈkaʊnsəl, ˈɑrgjuz ðət kleɪmz fər ˈdæmɪʤɪz əˈgɛnst wʊd nɑt bi əˈfɛktɪd baɪ 469 bɪˈkəz ðə ˈfɛdərəl ɔɪl pəˈluʃən ækt priɛmpts ðə nu luˌiziˈænə steɪt lɔ. ˌnɑtwɪθˈstændɪŋ ðə ˈaɪrəni ənd ðə hɪˈpɑkrəsi əv ˈgəvərnər, ˈsimɪŋli fər ðə ˈvɛri fərst taɪm ɪn hɪz ɪnˈtaɪər kərɪr, ˌɪnˈvoʊkɪŋ ənd ˈʧæmpiənɪŋ ðə ˌpriˈɛmpʃən ˈdɔktərɪn, ɪnˈraɪt meɪ ˈvɛri wɛl bi kərˈɛkt ɪn hɪz æˈnælɪsɪs. bət ðə ˈsɪmpəl fækt ɪz: ˈlɔjərz kən ənd wɪl ˈɑrgju ˈəðərˌwaɪz; ən ˈɪʃu əv fərst ˌɪmˈprɛʃən ðət wɪl ˈəltəmətli bi dɪˈtərmənd baɪ ðə kɔrts, nɑt baɪ əˈtərni. 469 prəˈvaɪdz ə nu ənd ˈnɑvəl laɪn əv dɪˈfɛns. ˌɪnˈdid, əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ənd ˈnɪrli 100 ˈligəl ˈɛkspərts frəm ðə tɔp lɔ skulz ɔl əˈgri. ðə ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈlɔjərz noʊ tru, tu; ˈæftər ɔl, baɪ ˈgəvərnər oʊn ədˈmɪʃən, ðeɪ hɛlpt raɪt ðə lɔ. ˈivɪn ɪf ɪnˈraɪt ɪz, ɪn fækt, raɪt ənd ˈivɪn ɪf ðə kɔrts ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli rul əˈgɛnst, bɪˈkəz ðiz ˈɪʃuz wɪl teɪk mənθs, ɪf nɑt jɪrz, tɪ ˈfʊli riˈzɑlv, dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ saɪn ənd ɪˈnækt 469 ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈsərtənli rɪˈdust səbˈstænʃəli ðə ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ˈsɛtəlmənt ˈvæljuz fər ˈθaʊzənz əv luˌiziˈænə ˈsɪtɪzənz. ənd waɪ stændz tɪ geɪn ˈbɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz. rɪˈmɛmbər, həz ɪˈnɔrməsli dip ˈpɑkəts; ɪf ðeɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ, ðeɪ kʊd əˈfɔrd tɪ ˈlɪtɪˌgeɪt ðiz kleɪmz fər ðə nɛkst ˈsɛnʧəri wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛvər əˈfɛktɪŋ ər ˈivɪn ˈtəʧɪŋ ðɛr ˈbɑtəm laɪn. ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈsɪtɪzən, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈkænɑt əˈfɔrd ənd wʊd ˈnɛvər bi ˌɪnˈklaɪnd tɪ weɪʤ ə wɔr əv əˈtrɪʃən əˈgɛnst əˈbaʊt ðə ˌpriˈɛmpʃən ˈdɔktərɪn ɛz ɪt rɪˈleɪts tɪ steɪt lɔ kənˈflɪktɪŋ wɪθ ðə ɔɪl pəˈluʃən ækt. rɪˈmɛmbər tu, ðə ˈlɔŋgər ðə ˈligəl ˈprɔˌsɛs, ðə lɛs ðoʊz hu wər əˈfɛktɪd ənd ˈdæmɪʤd baɪ ˈnɛglɪʤəns kən ɪkˈspɛkt. ɪn ə ˈkɑmplɛks keɪs ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈbɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz, ə ˈbrɔdli ənd ˈveɪgli ˈwərdɪd nu lɔ kən hæv ən ɪˈnɔrmɪs ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈvælju. meɪk noʊ mɪˈsteɪk: ˈgəvərnər ˌəndərˈstʊd ðɪs. ɛz ˌriˈpɔrtəd baɪ ˈpætrɪk ˈflænəgən əv ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈmənθli,, ˈbɑbi ˈjəŋgər ˈbrəðər, ən əˈtərni wɪθ ˈgɪbsən dən, wən əv ðə lɔ fərmz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ əˈgɛnst ðə ˈdæmɪʤ claims…*… əˈsaɪnd tɪ ðə dɪˈvɪʒən ˈhændəlɪŋ case,”*,” ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈditeɪl ənd pəˈtɛnʃəli ə ˈmæsɪv ˈkɑnflɪkt əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ðət həz ˈnɛvər bɪn ˈfʊli ɪkˈspleɪnd ər ˈivɪn ˈprɑpərli dɪˈskloʊzd. ɪf ˈgəvərnər ˈbrəðər ɪkˈspleɪn ðə steɪks tɪ ɪm, ˈʤɪmi ˈfɛrkləθ, ˈfɔrmər ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈkaʊnsəl ənd ˈlɔŋˌtaɪm ˈkɑnfəˌdɑnt, ʃʊd hæv. kˈwoʊtɪŋ frəm ðə (boʊld maɪn): ˈɔlsoʊ, ðə kleɪm ðət 469 gɑt ə fʊl ˈpəblɪk ˈɛrɪŋ tru. ðə bɪl wɑz ˈkɑbəld təˈgɛðər leɪt ɪn ðə ˈsɛʃən baɪ ðə ˈfɔrmər ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈkaʊnsəl, ˈʤɪmi ˈfɛrkləθ, ənd swɪʧt tɪ ə ˈdɪfərənt ˈsɛnɪt kəˈmɪti aʊərz ˌbiˈfɔr ə ˈhirɪŋ ɔn ɪt. ðət ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈpəblɪk ˈɪnˌpʊt. ˈmɪstər. ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ɪn ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈmɪstər. ɪnˈraɪt ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ðət ðə ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə haʊs ˈnæʧərəl ˈrisɔrsɪz kəˈmɪti ˈɔlsoʊ kərˈteɪld dəˈbeɪt ɔn ðə bɪl. wərθ ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðət ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv ˈgɔrdən dəv, ðə ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə haʊs ˈnæʧərəl ˈrisɔrsɪz kəˈmɪti, ʤɪst ʃət ɔf dəˈbeɪt ɔn ðə bɪl; hi ˈɔlsoʊ rɪfˈjuzd tɪ rɛd ˈɪntu ðə ˈrɛkərd, ɛz ɪz ˈkəstəˌmɛri, ðə neɪmz əv ˈsɪtɪzənz hu ʃoʊd əp tɪ səˈpɔrt ər əˈpoʊz ðə bɪl. ɪf hi hæd, hi wʊd hæv rɪˈvild ðət tɛn taɪmz ɛz ˈmɛni ˈpipəl, ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɔl əv hum wər ˈiðər ˈkoʊstəl ˈæktɪvɪsts ər ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl prəˈfɛʃənəlz wɪθ noʊ ˈpərsɪnəl ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst ˌwətsoʊˈɛvər, ʃoʊd əp tɪ əˈpoʊz ðə bɪl ðən ðoʊz hu ʃoʊd əp tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə bɪl, ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɔl əv hum wər biɪŋ peɪd baɪ ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz, ˈeɪʤənsiz, ənd ˈkəmpəˌniz wɪθ ə dɪˈrɛkt ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst. (aɪ æm ɪn rɪˈsit əv ðɪs ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən ənd kən sɛnd ɪt əˈpɑn rɪkˈwɛst; nɑt ˈpoʊstɪŋ ɪt aʊt əv ən əˈbəndəns əv ˈkɔʃən, bɪˈkəz ɪt kənˈteɪnz ðə hoʊm ˈæˈdrɛsɪz, foʊn ˈnəmbərz, ənd ˈiˌmeɪl ˈæˈdrɛsɪz əv ˈpraɪvət ˈsɪtɪzənz). ɪf ɪt ɔˈrɛdi ˈɑbviəs ðət 469 hæd ˈlɪtəl tɪ du wɪθ ˈɛndɪŋ ðə ˈlɔˌsut ənd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ tɪ du wɪθ ˈbrɔdli ˈɪmjəˌnaɪzɪŋ ðə ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈɪndəstri frəm ə waɪd reɪnʤ əv ˈəðərˌwaɪz ləˈʤɪtəmət kleɪmz, ˈgəvərnər ˈbɑbi meɪd ɪt əˈbəndəntli klɪr ˈoʊnli ə fju aʊərz ˈæftər hi saɪnd ðə bɪl ˈɪntu lɔ. ˈleɪtər ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, əˈnaʊnst hi wɑz rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ tɪm ˈdudi, ðə ˈʧɛrmən ənd ˈfaʊndɪŋ ˈmɛmbər əv ðə, wɪθ ə ˈfɔrmər ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈɪndəstri ˌɪnˈsaɪdər hu ˈoʊpənli ədˈmɪtəd hɪz ˈbaɪəsɪz ənd ˈɪgnərəns. kˈwoʊtɪŋ frəm ðə ˈædvəˌkeɪt (boʊld maɪn): ɪn ə ˈsɛkənd bloʊ tɪ ðə fləd prəˈtɛkʃən əˈθɔrəti ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, əˈnaʊnst ðət tɪm ˈdudi, ə st*. ˈbərnərd ˈpɛrɪʃ ˈrɛzɪdənt hu həz sərvd ɔn ðə əˈθɔrəti sɪns ɪt wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd, wɪl bi ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ˌtaɪˈroʊn bɛn, ə ˈfɛloʊ st*. ˈbərnərd ˈrɛzɪdənt hu wərks fər ðə ˈgaɪdəns ˈsɛnər, ən ˈaʊtˌpeɪʃənt bɪˈheɪvjərəl hɛlθ ənd ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ ˈsɛnər. ˈdudi ɪz ðə fɔrθ ˈmɛmbər əv ðə əˈθɔrəti hu səˈpɔrtɪd ðə sut tɪ bi ˌriˈpleɪst sɪns ðə keɪs wɑz faɪld. wɪθ rɪˈpleɪsmənt, ˈoʊnli faɪv əv ðə naɪn ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə bɔrd ər ɔn ˈrɛkərd ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ ðə sut. tu mɔr ˈmɛmbərz, wən hu səˈpɔrts ðə sut ənd wən hu əˈpoʊzɪz ɪt, ər ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ bi əp fər ˈriˌnɑməˈneɪʃən ˈleɪtər ðɪs jɪr. bɛn, hu wɑz ərʤd tɪ əˈplaɪ fər ə sit ɔn ðə bɔrd baɪ ˈfɔrmər st*. ˈbərnərd ˈpɛrɪʃ ˈprɛzɪdənt kreɪg taffaro*, ˈkərəntli ən əˈfɪʃəl ɪn ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən, sɛd hi dɪd nɑt hæv ə agenda”*” ɪn əˈplaɪɪŋ fər ðə sit. beɪst ɔn hɪz ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈwərkɪŋ fər ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈkəmpəˌniz, bɛn sɛd, hi ɪz ˌɪnˈklaɪnd tɪ bɪˈliv ðət bɪˈkəz ˈɛnərʤi ˈkəmpəˌniz ˈnidɪd tɪ rɪˈsiv ˈpərˌmɪts fər ðɛr wərk, ðeɪ wər ɔˈrɛdi biɪŋ ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd ənd ðə ˈlɔˌsut wɑz nɑt ˈnɛsəˌsɛri. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hi sɛd hi wɑz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ˈlɪsən tɪ ðoʊz hu dɪsəˈgri. noʊ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈəðər saɪd əv ðə argument,”*,” bɛn sɛd. wʊd bi open-minded*. aɪ wʊd bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ˈlɪsən. ˈɛvədəntli ðeɪ hæd ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət kəmˈpɛld ðɛm tɪ faɪl ɪt ɪn ðə fərst place.”*.” əˈfɪʃəlz hæv sɛd ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə sut wʊd bi ə test”*” fər ɔl nu əˈpɔɪntiz tɪ ðə əˈθɔrəti, ənd bɛn sɛd hi wɑz æst əˈbaʊt ðə keɪs baɪ ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əˈfɪʃəlz praɪər tɪ hɪz əˈpɔɪntmənt. sɛd ɪf maɪ səˈlɛkʃən wɑz ˈprɛdəˌkeɪtɪd ɔn ðət, aɪ maɪt nɑt bi ðə bɛst ˈpərsən fər ðə job,”*,” hi sɛd. bɪˈkəz hi wɑz əˈpɔɪntɪd ˈæftər ðə ˈsɛʃən ˈɛndɪd, bɛn wɪl nɑt hæv tɪ feɪs ˈsɛnɪt ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən ənˈtɪl nɛkst ˈsɛʃən. ˈəðər θri əˈpɔɪntiz wər ɔl kənˈfərmd baɪ ðə ˈsɛnɪt ðɪs jɪr. dɪˈspaɪt ˈmɪstər. equivocations*, hi wɑz, ˈvɛri ˈɑbviəsli, səˈlɛktɪd tɪ əˈpoʊz ðə ˈlɔˌsut, ənd bɪˈkəz ˈmɪstər. həz ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs tu mɔr ˈmɛmbərz wɪˈθɪn ðə jɪr, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ wən hu səˈpɔrts ðə ˈlɔˌsut, ðə ˈgəvərnər wɪl ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈsərtənli hæv ðə faɪv voʊts hi nidz fər ðə tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ ðə keɪs wɪˈθɪn ðə jɪr. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, 469 wɑz nɑt ˈnɛsəˌsɛri æt ɔl fər ˈmɪstər. tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ðə ˈlɔˌsut wɑz drɑpt. ðət meɪ hæv bɪn haʊ ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən wɑz soʊld tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk, bət əˈgɛn, nɑt wət ðə lɔ ˈæˌkʧuəli dɪz. ˌɪnˈdid, ˈsɛvərəl ˈligəl ˈɛkspərts ˈɑrgju ðət 469 du tɪ ɪts ˈpərpəsli sˈlɑpi ənd ˈoʊvərli brɔd ˈstæʧəˌtɔri ˈlæŋgwɪʤ, əˈfɛkt ðə ˈlɔˌsut æt ɔl. ˌbiˈfɔr aɪ æsk wət aɪ bɪˈliv tɪ bi ðə ˈsɪŋgəl kˈwɛʃən ðət kʊd dɪˈstrɔɪ ˈbɑbi pəˈlɪtɪkəl fˈjuʧər, aɪ θɪŋk ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs fərst ɔn wət meɪ bi ðə moʊst əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ əˈkɑmplɪʃmənt əv hɪz kərɪr. tɪ bi ʃʊr, ðə əˈkɑmplɪʃmənt ˈæˌkʧuəli bɪˈlɔŋ, ɪkˈsklusɪvli, tɪ ɪm; ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ hɪz waɪf. ˈoʊnli ə fju ʃɔrt mənθs ˈæftər hi wɑz ɪˈlɛktɪd tɪ hɪz fərst tərm, ˈbɑbi waɪf ɪˈstæblɪʃt ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən, ə ənd ˈʧɛrɪti ðət prəˈvaɪdz skulz wɪθ ˌhaɪˈtɛk whiteboards*, ə ˈwərði pɛt kɔz ðət ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli wɑz ɛmˈbreɪst baɪ səm əv moʊst ˈpaʊərfəl ˈkəmpəˌniz. ɪn ˈɔlˌmoʊst noʊ taɪm æt ɔl, ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən wɛnt frəm ən ðət ɪgˈzɪstəd ˈoʊnli ɔn ˈpeɪpər tɪ ə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən wɪθ ˈmɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz ɪn ðə bæŋk. ɪts ˌæstrəˈnɑmɪkəl səkˈsɛs æt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈkəltɪˌveɪtɪŋ ˈmeɪʤər ˈdoʊnərz ənd ˈreɪzɪŋ væst səmz əv ˈməni hæd ˈnɛvər bɪn dən ˌbiˈfɔr ɪn luˌiziˈænə, ənd ɪt prəˈvaɪdɪd ðə nu fərst ˈleɪdi əv luˌiziˈænə wɪθ ðə ˈplætˌfɔrm ənd ðə ˈrisɔrsɪz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ ɪmˈbɑrk ɔn ˈænjuəl ˈsteɪtˌwaɪd ˈgʊdˈwɪl tʊrz, ˈdoʊlɪŋ aʊt ˈhənərdz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈdɔlərz wərθ əv tɛkˈnɑləʤi tɪ ˈtiʧərz ənd skulz. ənˈfɔrʧənətli fər ˈbɑbi ənd, ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli, ˈpipəl bɪˈgæn ˈæskɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt wɛr ɔl əv ðət ˈməni ˈæˌkʧuəli keɪm frəm, ənd wəns ðeɪ ˈstɑrtɪd ˈæskɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz, ɪt teɪk lɔŋ tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt ðət ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən wɑz ˈfəndɪd, ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪkˈsklusɪvli ənd ɪnˈtaɪərli, baɪ ˈkəmpəˌniz ˈsikɪŋ ˈspɛʃəl ˌɪnˈsɪnɪvz ənd prɪˈfərd ˈtritmənt frəm ðə steɪt əv luˌiziˈænə. kˈwoʊtɪŋ frəm ə 2011 rɪˈpɔrt ɪn ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz (boʊld maɪn): at&t*, wɪʧ ˈnidɪd ˈmɪstər., ə rɪˈpəblɪkən, tɪ saɪn ɔf ɔn ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən əˈlaʊɪŋ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni tɪ sɛl ˈkeɪbəl ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ˈsərvɪsɪz wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ tɪ nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪt wɪθ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈpɛrɪʃɪz, həz plɛʤd æt list tɪ ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən fər ˈʧɪldrən. ˈmɛrəˌθɑn ɔɪl, wɪʧ læst jɪr wən əˈpruvəl frəm ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ɔɪl ɪt kən rɪˈfaɪn æt ɪts luˌiziˈænə plænt, ˈɔlsoʊ kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ə doʊˈneɪʃən. ənd ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈkɑnˌtræktər ˈnɔrθrəp ˈgrəmən, wɪʧ gɑt steɪt əˈfɪʃəlz tɪ hɛlp sɛt əp ən ˈɛrˌpleɪn ˈmeɪntənəns fəˈsɪlɪti æt ə ˈfɔrmər ɛr fɔrs beɪs, ˈprɑməst tɪ ðə ˈʧɛrɪti. ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən həz kəˈlɛktəd ˈnɪrli 1 ˈmɪljən ɪn ˈpriviəsli ˌənriˈpɔrtɪd ˈplɛʤɪz frəm ˈmeɪʤər ɔɪl ˈkəmpəˌniz, ˌɪnˈʃʊrərz ənd ˈəðər ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃənz ɪn luˌiziˈænə wɪθ ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri ˈɪʃuz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˌrivˈju baɪ ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz. daʊ ˈkɛmɪkəl, wɪʧ həz plɛʤd tɪ ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən, ɪz ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˌpɛtroʊˈkɛmɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌni ɪn luˌiziˈænə ənd həz hæd ˈnumərəs ˌɪnərˈækʃənz wɪθ steɪt əˈfɪʃəlz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2009 spɪl æt ɪts st*. ˈʧɑrəlz ˈpɛrɪʃ plænt ðət fɔrst ðə ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən əv ˈɛriə hoʊmz. ðə steɪt ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər 2009 prəˈpoʊzd ˈfaɪnɪŋ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ənd ɪts ˈjunjən ˈkɑrˌbaɪd səbˈsɪdiˌɛri fər əˈlaʊɪŋ ðə riˈlis əv ə ˈtɑksɪk pəˈlutənt ənd ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ kˈwɪkli ˈnoʊtəˌfaɪ steɪt əˈθɔrətiz əv ðə lik, bət soʊ fɑr noʊ faɪn həz bɪn əˈsɛst. əˈlɑn ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ, ən ˌɪzˈreɪli ɔɪl ˈkəmpəˌni ðət həz plɛʤd tɪ ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən, læst jɪr sɔt ˈpərˌmɪt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ðət wʊd əˈlaʊ ɪt tɪ ˈdɪsˌʧɑrʤ mɔr pəˈlutənts æt ɪts krɑts spərɪŋz rɪˈfaɪnəri. ɪn 2009 steɪt ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl əˈfɪʃəlz ˈɔlsoʊ izd rɪkˈwaɪrmənts fər ðə ˈkəmpəˌni tɪ ʧɛk fər spɪlz əv ɔɪl, əˈmoʊnjə ər ˈəðər kənˈtæmənənts ɪn ˈwɔtərˌweɪz tɪ twaɪs ə mənθ, ˌɪnˈstɛd əv twaɪs ə wik, ˈrɛkərdz ʃoʊ. ˈsɛvərəl əv ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈdoʊnərz ər lɑrʤ steɪt ˈkɑnˌtræktərz, laɪk ˈæmbjələns, ər kənˈstrəkʃən, wɪʧ əˈloʊn həz rɪˈsivd ˈmɪljən ɪn ˈkɑnˌtrækts sɪns 2009 ˈmoʊstli fər ˈhaɪˌweɪz, sɛd ə ˈsɛpərˌeɪt rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən biɪŋ ˈɪʃud ðɪs wik baɪ ˈsɪtɪzənz fər riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti ənd ˈɛθɪks ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən. boʊθ ˈkəmpəˌniz hæv plɛʤd æt list tɪ ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən. sɪns ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz rɪˈpɔrt, ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv drəˈmætɪkəli skeɪld bæk ɪts ækˈtɪvɪtiz. əˈsaɪd frəm ə fju ˈmaɪnər ˈɛdɪts, ɪts ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ʧeɪnʤd ɪn jɪrz. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ɪts moʊst ˈrisəntli əˈveɪləbəl 990 rɪˈpɔrt, ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən həz noʊ ɪmˈplɔɪiz ənd ˈoʊnli θri ˈɔfɪsərz, ɔl ənˈpeɪd:, ʤɛf ˈæŋgər, ə ˈfɔrmər ˈlɑbiəst hu rənz ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈækʃən kəˈmɪti, ənd lɪn mʊr, ðə waɪf əv ʤɛf mʊr, ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə bɔrd əv ˌsupərˈvaɪzərz ənd ə hoʊˈtɛljər hu ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd hɪz ˈfɔrʧən frəm hɪz ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈkəmpəˌni. pərˈhæps nɑt səˈpraɪzɪŋli, æt ðə taɪm əv ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz rɪˈpɔrt, ˈgəvərnər prɛs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri kaɪl ˈplɑtkɪn (hu wɑz ˈrisəntli prəˈmoʊtəd tɪ ʧif əv stæf) wɑz nɑt tu θrɪld. kˈwoʊtɪŋ (boʊld maɪn): ɪz ə kəmˈplitli ˌnɑnpəˈlɪtɪkəl, nɑnˈpɑrtəzən ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ðə fərst ˈleɪdi, hu ɛz ən ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr ənd ðə ˈməðər əv θri ˈʧɪldrən, həz ə ˈpæʃən fər ˈhɛlpɪŋ ɑr jəŋ ˈpipəl lərn saɪəns ənd math,”*,” sɛd kaɪl ˈplɑtkɪn, ðə prɛs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri. ˈəðər ðən ðɪs ˌriˈæləˌti həz ˈpleɪnli bɪn drimd əp baɪ ˈpɑrtəzən hæks ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ə ˈfænəsi land.”*.” ðə ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti əv ˈgəvərnər ənd hɪz stæf tɪ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ðə ɪˈnɔrmɪs kənˈsərnz reɪzd baɪ ðə saɪz, ðə ˈtaɪmɪŋ, ənd ðə sɔrs əv ˈkɔrpərət doʊˈneɪʃənz tɪ hɪz faʊnˈdeɪʃən ənd ðə ˈɛrəgənt, bɑmˈbæstɪk wɪθ wɪʧ ðeɪ ˈtritɪd ðoʊz kənˈsərnz wər ənd kənˈtɪnju tɪ bi ˈtrəbəlɪŋ. bət ɪf ju kɛr əˈbaʊt ðə kərˈoʊsɪv ˈɪnfluəns əv ˈməni ɪn ɑr pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈprɔˌsɛs, ðə əv ə ˈgəvərnmənt dɪˈfaɪnd baɪ kloʊzd dɔr kwɪd proʊ kwoʊ əˈgrimənts bɪtˈwin ɪˈlɛktɪd ˈlidərz ənd ðɛr ˈkɔrpərət ˈbɛnəˌfæktərz, ðɛn ju ʃʊd bi ˈivɪn mɔr əˈlɑrmd baɪ ðə nuəst ˌnɑnˈprɔfɪt. θri mənθs ˈæftər ðə faɪld ɪts ˈlændˌmɑrk ˈlɔˌsut əˈgɛnst 97 ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈkəmpəˌniz, ˈbɑbi lɔnʧt əˈmɛrɪkə nɛkst, ə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwɛlˌfɛr ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ðət ˈmɛni ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli pərˈsivd tɪ bi ə ˈlɔnʧɪŋ pæd fər ə 2016 ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn. ɪf, ɪn fækt, əˈmɛrɪkə nɛkst ɪz ˈnəθɪŋ mɔr ðən əˈbaʊt prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ˈkændɪdəsi, θru ðə ruz əv prəˈmoʊtɪŋ hɪz ““ideas,”*,” (ənd ɔl ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃənz, ðəs fɑr, ər ðət ɪt ɪz), ðɛn ɪt, ənˈdaʊtɪdli, ˈvaɪəleɪts ˈfɛdərəl tæks lɔz ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪŋ ənd dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwɛlˌfɛr ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz. doʊˈneɪʃənz tɪ nu ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən tax-deductible*, bət ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ɪz stɪl. ənd pərˈhæps moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, ɛz ə əˈmɛrɪkə nɛkst rikˈwaɪərd tɪ dɪˈskloʊz ˈɛni əv ɪts ˈdoʊnərz tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk. wɪn wɑz fərst ɪˈlɛktɪd ˈgəvərnər əv luˌiziˈænə ɪn 2007 hi ˈprɑməst ə nu ˈɪrə əv trænˈspɛrənsi ɪn ˈgəvərnmənt. hi kæmˈpeɪnd ɔn ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ ðə standard”*” əv ˈɛθɪks rɪˈfɔrm. hi ˌlæmˈbæstɪd ðə ˈkroʊniˌɪzəm ənd kərˈəpʃən ðət hæd dɪˈfaɪnd steɪt ˈpɑləˌtɪks fər ˈdɛkeɪdz, dɪˈpɪktɪŋ hɪz əˈpoʊnənts ɛz klaʊnz hu wər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ fər ə braɪb. ˈsɛvən jɪrz ˈleɪtər, əˈproʊʧɪŋ leɪm dək ˈstætəs, ˈbɑbi ɪz pərˈpɛrɪŋ hɪz ˈɛksət frəm ðə ˈmænʃən baɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ prəˈmoʊt hɪz ˈkændɪdəsi fər ˈnæʃənəl ˈɔfəs, ənd wɪn æst ɪf hi ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ rɪˈvil ðə ˈdoʊnərz tɪ hɪz nu ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən, nɑt ˈoʊnli rɪfˈjuzd, hi ˈæktɪd ɛz ɪf dɪˈskloʊʒər əv hɪz ˈdoʊnərz ðə ˈvɛri ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv trænˈspɛrənsi- wɑz ˈnəθɪŋ mɔr ðən ə træp sɛt baɪ hɪz pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈpoʊnənts. kˈwoʊtɪŋ frəm ðə (boʊld maɪn): ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈbrɛkfəst ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ pəˈlɪtɪkəl rɪˈpɔrtərz ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ɪn wɪʧ hi ənˈveɪld ə ɔlˈtərnətɪv tɪ ðə əˈfɔrdəbəl kɛr ækt priˈpɛrd baɪ əˈmɛrɪkə nɛkst, wɑz æst ˈwɛðər hi wʊd rɪˈvil ðə fɪˈnænsɪŋ. hi rɪˈfərd ðə kˈwɛʃən tɪ ðə ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər, ʤɪl, ə ˈfɔrmər eɪd tɪ ðə 2012 mɪt ˈrɑmni fər ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. ɪt teɪk lɔŋ fər tɪ rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ən iˈmeɪl kˈwɛʃən: nɛkst ɪz ə ðət wɪl meɪk ɔl dɪˈskloʊʒərz ɛz rikˈwaɪərd baɪ law,”*,” ʃi sɛd ɪn ən iˈmeɪl. ðət wi du nɑt si ˈɛni ˈrizən tɪ gɪv ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ənˈʤəstli ˈtərgət kənˈsərvətɪv donors.”*.” ðə ˈglɛrɪŋ truθ ɪz: əˈmɛrɪkə nɛkst ə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwɛlˌfɛr ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən, ənd ɪt bi ˈəndər ˈsɛkʃən ən ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl kənˈsəltənts, lɛd baɪ ə ˈwʊmən hu moʊst ˈrisəntli wərkt fər mɪt kæmˈpeɪn, ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ səˈpɔrt ˈkændɪdəsi, ənd ɔl ˈhoʊpɪŋ ðət ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls ɪz tu dəm, tu ˈleɪzi, ər tu skɛrd tɪ kɔl ðɛm aʊt fər ˈoʊpənli ˈbreɪkɪŋ ðə lɔ. ɪf ˈbɑbi wɔnts tɪ bɪld ən ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər fər ə 2016 kæmˈpeɪn, hi ʃʊd hæv fɔrmd ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈækʃən kəˈmɪti; ðət wʊd hæv ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪm wɪθ ˈsərtən tæks ɪgˈzɛmpʃənz. bət wən ˈmeɪʤər ˈdɪfərəns: ənˈlaɪk ə pæk, rikˈwaɪərd tɪ dɪˈskloʊz ðɛr ˈdoʊnərz. soʊ, fər ðə nɛkst jɪr ər tu, hoʊps wi ɔl ˌɪgˈnɔr hɪz ˈbleɪtənt ˌdɪsrɪˈgɑrd əv lɔz ðət ər dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr trænˈspɛrənsi ənd ðə raɪt tɪ noʊ hu ɪz peɪɪŋ ðɛr ɪˈlɛktɪd əˈfɪʃəlz ɔn ðə saɪd, haʊ məʧ peɪɪŋ, ənd wɪn ðoʊz ˈpeɪmənts ər meɪd. hoʊps kənˈsɪdər əˈmɛrɪkə nɛkst tɪ bi hɪz kweɪnt ˈlɪtəl θɪŋk tæŋk, ənd ˈbæŋkɪŋ ɔn ðə bɪˈlif ðət luˌiziˈænə ˈsɪtɪzənz grup ðə doʊˈneɪʃənz tɪ hɪz nu ˌnɑnˈprɔfɪt wɪθ hɪz ˈækʃənz ɛz ˈgəvərnər. bət ɛz hɪz faʊnˈdeɪʃən pruvz, ɪt wʊd bi ˈfulɪʃ nɑt tɪ lʊk ˈɪntu hu ɪz ˈbæŋˌkroʊlɪŋ hɪz ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. ðə ˈsɪŋgəl kˈwɛʃən ðət kʊd dɪˈstrɔɪ ˈbɑbi pəˈlɪtɪkəl fˈjuʧər: hu? |
metropolitan
thursday, december 15, 2005
page 11
reminiscing (column)
at and 4 , it was dr. pepper time
by roger m. grace
ive come across an ad for a dr pepper contest. to have a chance at winning $5,000 tax free, the ad says, an entrant simply has to supply the second line for this couplet:
a lift for life at 10, 2 and 4
.
in case thinking of rushing to get your submission in, sorry, you the deadline. it was midnight , july 31, 1951.
a more recent dr pepper contest had a may 22, 1965 deadline. the first prize was described thusly:
two weeks in scenic switzerland (time capital of the world), a car clock (installed in a 1965 mustang), his and her an hour, 24 hours a day for 14 days .
the contest placed an accent on time, an ad explained,because clocked and as traditional dr pepper times. the sum of $10.24 was arrived at, it was spelled out, was[t]o remind you of 10, 2 and else!
if my vintage, or older, or just a bit younger, dr tie to the numerals10, 2 and is no mystery. i strongly suspect, however, that if my daughter were to read the foregoing, it would make absolutely no sense to her.
the significance of the numerals to the popular soft drink is explained on the website of the oldest bottler of dr. pepper (in dublin , texas ) as follows:
it was in the that dr. walter eddy at columbia university studied the metabolism. he discovered that a natural drop in energy occurs about a.m. , p.m. and p.m. but he also discovered that if the people in his research study had something to eat or drink at 10, 2 and 4, the energy slump could be avoided.
after dr. research findings were released, dr pepper challenged its advertising agency to come up with a theme which would suggest that dr pepper should be that 10, 2 and 4 drink which would keep the energy level up. the result was one of the most enduring of dr advertising themes: drink a bite to eat at 10, 2 and
promotions for dr. pepper centered on those numbers. for example, an ad in the dothan ( ala. ) eagle on july 26, 1934 announced that on saturday, the local movie theater would interrupt the film at 10 a.m. , 2 p.m. and 4 p.m. to serve complimentary bottles of dr. pepper (which back then, was spelled with a period afterdr.).
there was even a syndicated radio show during world war calledthe-4 ranch (later,10-2-4 time), aired in the south and other areas to which dr. distribution had extended. the show featured the sons of the pioneers (associated with roy rogers) and, for most of its run, dick foran. (foran in 1935 had emerged as the originalsinging cowboy, beating gene autry to the designation by a matter of weeks.)
the dr. pepper company pushed the notion that ingestion of sugar at 10, 2 and 4 was actually something healthful. and, of course, parents would want their children to engage in healthful practices.
in these days when a push to rid school cafeterias and vending machines of products and those high in carbohydrates (which turn into sugar), hard to imagine an ad like the one appearing in the sept. 23, 1930 edition of the port arthur (texas) news. it was headed,one healthful form of necessary nourishment that kids need no coaxing to drink, and said:
little human dynamos run out of juice between meals. why they tease for sweets. sugar is the quickest energy food and mother nature knows it. she prompts the appetite. as natural as hunger can be.
if your kiddies crave sugar, give them as much as they in a form that be abused. dr. pepper contains fruit juice for flavor and health pure sugar for sparkling water for bulk and thirst. no tax on digestion. no ingredients that can possibly harm. the small proportions of sugar to water is a against excess.
an article appearing july 10, 1977 in the elyria , ohio chronicle telegram reflected that[a]lthough the use of the-4 set of numbers was discontinued on company bottles several years ago, old advertising signs and painted barns throughout the south still display those numerals.
the article noted that the intent behind the encourage a boost in blood sugar level at 10, 2, and lost and thousands of mothers and grandmothers in the south, to this day, believe that the drinking times are meant to achieve regularity.
it quoted the company president as assuring that, contrary to rumor, prune juice was not a dr pepper ingredient.
copyright 2005, metropolitan news company | ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən ˈθərzˌdeɪ, dɪˈsɛmbər 15 2005 peɪʤ 11 ˌrɛməˈnɪsɪŋ (ˈkɑləm) æt ənd 4 ɪt wɑz ˈdɑktər. ˈpɛpər taɪm baɪ ˈrɑʤər ɛm. greɪs kəm əˈkrɔs ən æd fər ə ˈdɑktər ˈpɛpər ˈkɑntɛst. tɪ hæv ə ʧæns æt ˈwɪnɪŋ tæks fri, ðə æd sɪz, ən ˈɛntrənt ˈsɪmpli həz tɪ səˈplaɪ ðə ˈsɛkənd laɪn fər ðɪs couplet*: lɪft fər laɪf æt 10 2 ənd 4 ɪn keɪs ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əv ˈrəʃɪŋ tɪ gɪt jʊr səbˈmɪʃən ɪn, ˈsɑri, ju ðə ˈdɛˌdlaɪn. ɪt wɑz ˈmɪdˌnaɪt ˌʤuˈlaɪ 31 1951 ə mɔr ˈrisənt ˈdɑktər ˈpɛpər ˈkɑntɛst hæd ə meɪ 22 1965 ˈdɛˌdlaɪn. ðə fərst praɪz wɑz dɪˈskraɪbd ˈðəsli: wiks ɪn ˈsinɪk sˈwɪtsərlənd (taɪm ˈkæpɪtəl əv ðə wərld), ə kɑr klɑk (ˌɪnˈstɔld ɪn ə 1965 ˈməˌstæŋ), hɪz ənd hər ən aʊər, 24 aʊərz ə deɪ fər 14 deɪz ðə ˈkɑntɛst pleɪst ən ˈækˌsɛnt ɔn taɪm, ən æd ɪkˈspleɪnd, klɑkt ənd ɛz trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈdɑktər ˈpɛpər times.*. ðə səm əv wɑz əraɪvd æt, ɪt wɑz spɛld aʊt, wɑz riˈmaɪnd ju əv 10 2 ənd else!*! ɪf maɪ ˈvɪntɪʤ, ər ˈoʊldər, ər ʤɪst ə bɪt ˈjəŋgər, ˈdɑktər taɪ tɪ ðə ˈnumərəlz 2 ənd ɪz noʊ ˈmɪstəri. aɪ ˈstrɔŋli ˈsəˌspɛkt, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət ɪf maɪ ˈdɔtər wər tɪ rɛd ðə fɔrˈgoʊɪŋ, ɪt wʊd meɪk ˌæbsəˈlutli noʊ sɛns tɪ hər. ðə sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns əv ðə ˈnumərəlz tɪ ðə ˈpɑpjələr sɔft drɪŋk ɪz ɪkˈspleɪnd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt əv ðə ˈoʊldəst ˈbɑtlər əv ˈdɑktər. ˈpɛpər (ɪn ˈdəblɪn ˈtɛksəs ɛz ˈfɑloʊz: wɑz ɪn ðə ðət ˈdɑktər. ˈwɔltər ˈɛdi æt kəˈləmbiə ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈstədid ðə məˈtæbəˌlɪzəm. hi dɪˈskəvərd ðət ə ˈnæʧərəl drɔp ɪn ˈɛnərʤi əˈkərz əˈbaʊt a.m*. p.m*. ənd p.m*. bət hi ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈskəvərd ðət ɪf ðə ˈpipəl ɪn hɪz ˈrisərʧ ˈstədi hæd ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ it ər drɪŋk æt 10 2 ənd 4 ðə ˈɛnərʤi sləmp kʊd bi əˈvɔɪdɪd. ˈdɑktər. ˈrisərʧ ˈfaɪndɪŋz wər riˈlist, ˈdɑktər ˈpɛpər ˈʧælənʤd ɪts ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈeɪʤənsi tɪ kəm əp wɪθ ə θim wɪʧ wʊd səˈʤɛst ðət ˈdɑktər ˈpɛpər ʃʊd bi ðət 10 2 ənd 4 drɪŋk wɪʧ wʊd kip ðə ˈɛnərʤi ˈlɛvəl əp. ðə rɪˈzəlt wɑz wən əv ðə moʊst ɪnˈdʊrɪŋ əv ˈdɑktər ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ θimz: drɪŋk ə baɪt tɪ it æt 10 2 ənd pərˈmoʊʃənz fər ˈdɑktər. ˈpɛpər ˈsɛntərd ɔn ðoʊz ˈnəmbərz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ən æd ɪn ðə ˈdɑθən ˈælə. ˈigəl ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 26 1934 əˈnaʊnst ðət ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈmuvi ˈθieɪtər wʊd ˌɪntərˈəpt ðə fɪlm æt 10 a.m*. 2 p.m*. ənd 4 p.m*. tɪ sərv ˌkɑmpləˈmɛntəri ˈbɑtəlz əv ˈdɑktər. ˈpɛpər (wɪʧ bæk ðɛn, wɑz spɛld wɪθ ə ˈpɪriəd ˈæftər dr.*.). ðɛr wɑz ˈivɪn ə ˈsɪndɪˌkeɪtɪd ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ʃoʊ ˈdʊrɪŋ wərld wɔr kɔld ranch* (ˈleɪtər, time*), ɛrd ɪn ðə saʊθ ənd ˈəðər ˈɛriəz tɪ wɪʧ ˈdɑktər. ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən hæd ɪkˈstɛndɪd. ðə ʃoʊ ˈfiʧərd ðə sənz əv ðə ˌpaɪəˈnɪrz (əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ rɔɪ ˈrɑʤərz) ənd, fər moʊst əv ɪts rən, dɪk ˈfɔrən. (ˈfɔrən ɪn 1935 hæd ˈimərʤd ɛz ðə ərˈɪʤənəl cowboy,*, ˈbitɪŋ ʤin ˈɔtri tɪ ðə ˌdɛzɪgˈneɪʃən baɪ ə ˈmætər əv wiks.) ðə ˈdɑktər. ˈpɛpər ˈkəmpəˌni pʊʃt ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət ˌɪnˈʤɛsʧən əv ˈʃʊgər æt 10 2 ənd 4 wɑz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈhɛlθfəl. ənd, əv kɔrs, ˈpɛrənts wʊd wɔnt ðɛr ˈʧɪldrən tɪ ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn ˈhɛlθfəl ˈpræktɪsɪz. ɪn ðiz deɪz wɪn ə pʊʃ tɪ rɪd skul ˌkæfəˈtɪriəz ənd ˈvɛndɪŋ məˈʃinz əv ˈprɑdəkts ənd ðoʊz haɪ ɪn ˌkɑrboʊˈhaɪdreɪts (wɪʧ tərn ˈɪntu ˈʃʊgər), hɑrd tɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ən æd laɪk ðə wən əˈpɪrɪŋ ɪn ðə sɛpt. 23 1930 ɪˈdɪʃən əv ðə pɔrt ˈɑrθər (ˈtɛksəs) nuz. ɪt wɑz ˈhɛdɪd, ˈhɛlθfəl fɔrm əv ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈnərɪʃmənt ðət kɪdz nid noʊ ˈkoʊksɪŋ tɪ drink,*, ənd sɛd: dynamos* rən aʊt əv juice* bɪtˈwin milz. waɪ ðeɪ tiz fər swits. ˈʃʊgər ɪz ðə kˈwɪkɪst ˈɛnərʤi fud ənd ˈməðər ˈneɪʧər noʊz ɪt. ʃi prɑmpts ðə ˈæpəˌtaɪt. ɛz ˈnæʧərəl ɛz ˈhəŋgər kən bi. jʊr ˈkɪdiz kreɪv ˈʃʊgər, gɪv ðɛm ɛz məʧ ɛz ðeɪ ɪn ə fɔrm ðət bi əˈbjuzd. ˈdɑktər. ˈpɛpər kənˈteɪnz frut ʤus fər ˈfleɪvər ənd hɛlθ pjʊr ˈʃʊgər fər ˈspɑrkəlɪŋ ˈwɔtər fər bəlk ənd θərst. noʊ tæks ɔn daɪˈʤɛsʧən. noʊ ˌɪnˈgridiənts ðət kən ˈpɑsəbli hɑrm. ðə smɔl prəˈpɔrʃənz əv ˈʃʊgər tɪ ˈwɔtər ɪz ə əˈgɛnst excess.*. ən ˈɑrtɪkəl əˈpɪrɪŋ ˌʤuˈlaɪ 10 1977 ɪn ðə ɪˈlɪriə oʊˈhaɪoʊ ˈkrɑnɪkəl ˈtɛləˌgræm rɪˈflɛktɪd ðət ðə juz əv ðə sɛt əv ˈnəmbərz wɑz dɪskənˈtɪnjud ɔn ˈkəmpəˌni ˈbɑtəlz ˈsɛvərəl jɪrz əˈgoʊ, oʊld ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ saɪnz ənd ˈpeɪnɪd bɑrnz θruaʊt ðə saʊθ stɪl dɪˈspleɪ ðoʊz numerals.*. ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ðə ˌɪnˈtɛnt bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ɪnˈkərəʤ ə bust ɪn bləd ˈʃʊgər ˈlɛvəl æt 10 2 ənd lɔst ənd ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈməðərz ənd ˈgrændˌməðərz ɪn ðə saʊθ, tɪ ðɪs deɪ, bɪˈliv ðət ðə ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ taɪmz ər mɛnt tɪ əˈʧiv regularity.*. ɪt kˈwoʊtɪd ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈprɛzɪdənt ɛz əˈʃʊrɪŋ ðət, ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ˈrumər, prun ʤus wɑz nɑt ə ˈdɑktər ˈpɛpər ˌɪnˈgridiənt. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt 2005 ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən nuz ˈkəmpəˌni |
warning: disturbing images are contained in this story
last week, the ontario (ospca) announced charges against the owner of hidden meadow farm, the kennel that provides dog sledding and trail rides at resort.
in the release, they said, “on june 8, 2016, the ontario received calls concerning care of animals in a kennel. ontario officers attended and found 42 alaskan husky and sled dogs at the location. a veterinarian examination revealed large, open wounds that had been left untreated for days; numerous older, healed, partially healed and infected wounds; limping with an obviously swollen, painful leg; fever; and broken, infected teeth.”
the subsequent charges were:
permitting an animal to be in distress
failing to provide adequate and appropriate medical attention
failing to provide the care necessary for an general welfare
failing to confine an animal to a pen or other enclosed structure or area that must not contain one or more other animals that may pose a danger to the animal
prior to the incident, there had allegedly been a fight between four dogs resulting in injuries to two and the death of a third. the owner, ride, says the injured dogs “were in isolated kennels, they were on penicillin and they were getting their wounds cleaned twice a day. i have nothing against the. they were doing their job. when they come out to a call, they have to check everything. they walked around and looked at the rest of the dogs and found two more.”
the told ride that the four dogs had to have veterinary care, but she refused. “i said, ‘i’m not going to do that, already treating them and i feel my treatment was fine. dealt with these injuries before. taking all four of those dogs to the vet was going to cost me in the thousands of dollars. unfortunately, i love these animals but this is a business. i said if you feel my care proper for them, i will have them euthanized. businesswise, it make sense for me to put thousands of dollars into these dogs when the unfortunate reality is that a new sled dog would cost me $200.”
ospca officers gave ride the option of surrendering the dogs instead, which she did. of the two injured dogs, one, teddy, was taken immediately and had a surgery. the other, thistle, they returned for a week and a half later, says ride, and was almost healed, but “they took him and did surgery which in my opinion delayed the healing process.”
of the other two dogs, only one ended up being surrendered elvis, who had a lump bigger than a golf ball under his knee, but ride says he had it when she bought him and never shown because of it. the fourth dog, frost, had an infected ear that had healed by the time officers returned.
the charges came later, says ride. “they came back and charged me with animal cruelty, which really upsets me because i feel i was trapped. i surrender my dogs again.” she invited this writer to stop by and see the dogs. the photos below show the dogs as they were at that time: most in kennels by twos, and two dogs chained outside the kennel area, one nearby and one just up the hill in a forested area where there were also other single shelters and chains. there were no kennel staff present.
dogs in the kennel owned by hidden meadow farm are paired by twos one dog was chained up in a forested area other shelters with chains were in the forested area the kennels surround a central play yard this dog was chained near the kennels
matt todd, the former owner of the kennel who sold the operation eight years ago to ride, said that he filed a complaint about treatment of the animals in may of 2014. after he received a tip from a friend who was concerned about the animals, he says he went to the kennel and, based on what he saw, called police. he also lodged a complaint with.
“(the opp) said they would contact the. we left it up to them,” says todd. “there was neglect over time. heard some stories… rumours go around and you take them with a grain of salt. but once i observed it, i said, ‘this cool.’”
he took photos of the dogs, some who were emaciated, some who were chained to stakes, and one of a deceased dog in a wheelbarrow.
this photo is from 2014 and shows the former kennels owned by hidden meadow farm (photo: matt todd) the emaciated state of the dog in the background concerned todd (photo: matt todd) several dogs were chained in the forest (photo: matt todd) several dogs were chained in the forest (photo: matt todd) in this 2014 photo, a deceased dog was at the edge of the woods in a wheelbarrow and covered with a kennel door (photo: matt todd)
ride says she remembers the day as being busy. “(the dead dog) was swift it was pretty much the same situation, which makes it sound like it happens all the time. this was in the old kennels. they were in pretty bad shape. dogs got out, she got killed. it was in the middle of a busy day so they took her out of the kennel and they wheeled her into the bushes where they see her and then we went over in the evening and took her and buried her.”
but todd disagrees with those actions. “(they) just put the dog in a wheelbarrow with an old door on top and stuffed it at the side of the woods. someone saying, ‘oh, well, just deal with it later.’ it just passed away. lost a few dogs… and the first thing i did was bury it behind a tree. you do the dog the decency, you put it in a barrow and leave it for later.”
ride, who says she seen the photos, also said that normal for sled dogs to be skinny after a sledding season. “my vet has been involved with my dogs for years and there have been times when she has said the dogs are looking a little skinny, look at some different feeding options.”
but todd disagrees with that, too. “just like any human, if you were training for a race true to some extent. but a difference. agree that the alaskan husky is basically a cross between a greyhound and a husky. sure my dogs would lose weight over the winter, but a difference between seeing a few ribs and seeing ribs, hips, and joints. when i was there, some dogs looked healthy and some didn’t. i took a picture of the one that looked the worst.”
todd also said that while had dogs fight, never come away with more than a few puncture wounds and none have fought to the death. he currently owns four sled dogs, two of which he took back from kennel one seven years ago that was in good health and one last winter that was in rougher shape and had a tooth hanging by a piece of skin.
today, resort general manager jesse hamilton said in a written statement that the resort has “suspended the dog sled program run through hidden meadow farm. as part of our ongoing commitment to the care of all animals on our property, we have also proactively decided to temporarily close the stable operations today, which are also operated by hidden meadow farm, so we can conduct a review and are requesting added guidance from the even though no issues have been raised regarding that operation.”
ride says she understands their business situation. “deerhurst has done the right thing. i have no concerns, the was at the farm two or three days ago and had no concerns. and if wants them to come back in, fine.
i am not the only person this has happened to,” she added. “it happens. if you had two dogs and you came home from work and they had fought and one of them had died, everybody would be going, ‘oh, so terrible, so sorry.’ but this happened at a kennel so a monster what upsets me.”
ride says she agree with the charges against her and will be hiring a lawyer. she will answer to her charges august 23 in court.
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print | ˈwɔrnɪŋ: dɪˈstərbɪŋ ˈɪmɪʤɪz ər kənˈteɪnd ɪn ðɪs ˈstɔri læst wik, ðə ɑnˈtɛrioʊ (ospca*) əˈnaʊnst ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst ðə ˈoʊnər əv ˈhɪdən ˈmɛˌdoʊ fɑrm, ðə ˈkɛnəl ðət prəˈvaɪdz dɔg sˈlɛdɪŋ ənd treɪl raɪdz æt rɪˈzɔrt. ɪn ðə riˈlis, ðeɪ sɛd, ʤun 8 2016 ðə ɑnˈtɛrioʊ rɪˈsivd kɔlz kənˈsərnɪŋ kɛr əv ˈænəməlz ɪn ə ˈkɛnəl. ɑnˈtɛrioʊ ˈɔfɪsərz əˈtɛndəd ənd faʊnd 42 əˈlæskən ˈhəski ənd slɛd dɔgz æt ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən. ə ˌvɛtərəˈnɛriən ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃən rɪˈvild lɑrʤ, ˈoʊpən wundz ðət hæd bɪn lɛft ənˈtritɪd fər deɪz; ˈnumərəs ˈoʊldər, hild, ˈpɑrʃəli hild ənd ˌɪnˈfɛktɪd wundz; ˈlɪmpɪŋ wɪθ ən ˈɑbviəsli sˈwoʊlən, ˈpeɪnfəl lɛg; ˈfivər; ənd ˈbroʊkən, ˌɪnˈfɛktɪd teeth.”*.” ðə ˈsəbsəkwənt ˈʧɑrʤɪz wər: pərˈmɪtɪŋ ən ˈænəməl tɪ bi ɪn dɪˈstrɛs ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈædəkˌweɪt ənd əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ˈmɛdɪkəl əˈtɛnʃən ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ prəˈvaɪd ðə kɛr ˈnɛsəˌsɛri fər ən ˈʤɛnərəl ˈwɛlˌfɛr ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ kənˈfaɪn ən ˈænəməl tɪ ə pɛn ər ˈəðər ɪnˈkloʊzd ˈstrəkʧər ər ˈɛriə ðət məst nɑt kənˈteɪn wən ər mɔr ˈəðər ˈænəməlz ðət meɪ poʊz ə ˈdeɪnʤər tɪ ðə ˈænəməl praɪər tɪ ðə ˈɪnsədənt, ðɛr hæd əˈlɛʤədli bɪn ə faɪt bɪtˈwin fɔr dɔgz rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn ˈɪnʤəriz tɪ tu ənd ðə dɛθ əv ə θərd. ðə ˈoʊnər, raɪd, sɪz ðə ˈɪnʤərd dɔgz ɪn ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd ˈkɛnəlz, ðeɪ wər ɔn ˌpɛnəˈsɪlən ənd ðeɪ wər ˈgɪtɪŋ ðɛr wundz klind twaɪs ə deɪ. aɪ hæv ˈnəθɪŋ əˈgɛnst ðə. ðeɪ wər duɪŋ ðɛr ʤɑb. wɪn ðeɪ kəm aʊt tɪ ə kɔl, ðeɪ hæv tɪ ʧɛk ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ. ðeɪ wɔkt əraʊnd ənd lʊkt æt ðə rɛst əv ðə dɔgz ənd faʊnd tu more.”*.” ðə toʊld raɪd ðət ðə fɔr dɔgz hæd tɪ hæv ˈvɛtrəˌnɛri kɛr, bət ʃi rɪfˈjuzd. sɛd, nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ du ðət, ɔˈrɛdi ˈtritɪŋ ðɛm ənd aɪ fil maɪ ˈtritmənt wɑz faɪn. dɛlt wɪθ ðiz ˈɪnʤəriz ˌbiˈfɔr. ˈteɪkɪŋ ɔl fɔr əv ðoʊz dɔgz tɪ ðə vɛt wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ kɔst mi ɪn ðə ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈdɔlərz. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, aɪ ləv ðiz ˈænəməlz bət ðɪs ɪz ə ˈbɪznɪs. aɪ sɛd ɪf ju fil maɪ kɛr ˈprɑpər fər ðɛm, aɪ wɪl hæv ðɛm euthanized*. businesswise*, ɪt meɪk sɛns fər mi tɪ pʊt ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈdɔlərz ˈɪntu ðiz dɔgz wɪn ðə ənˈfɔrʧənət ˌriˈæləˌti ɪz ðət ə nu slɛd dɔg wʊd kɔst mi ˈɔfɪsərz geɪv raɪd ðə ˈɔpʃən əv sərˈɛndərɪŋ ðə dɔgz ˌɪnˈstɛd, wɪʧ ʃi dɪd. əv ðə tu ˈɪnʤərd dɔgz, wən, ˈtɛdi, wɑz ˈteɪkən ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ənd hæd ə ˈsərʤəri. ðə ˈəðər, ˈθɪsəl, ðeɪ rɪˈtərnd fər ə wik ənd ə hæf ˈleɪtər, sɪz raɪd, ənd wɑz ˈɔlˌmoʊst hild, bət tʊk ɪm ənd dɪd ˈsərʤəri wɪʧ ɪn maɪ əˈpɪnjən dɪˈleɪd ðə ˈhilɪŋ process.”*.” əv ðə ˈəðər tu dɔgz, ˈoʊnli wən ˈɛndɪd əp biɪŋ sərˈɛndərd ˈɛlvɪs, hu hæd ə ləmp ˈbɪgər ðən ə gɔlf bɔl ˈəndər hɪz ni, bət raɪd sɪz hi hæd ɪt wɪn ʃi bɔt ɪm ənd ˈnɛvər ʃoʊn bɪˈkəz əv ɪt. ðə fɔrθ dɔg, frɔst, hæd ən ˌɪnˈfɛktɪd ɪr ðət hæd hild baɪ ðə taɪm ˈɔfɪsərz rɪˈtərnd. ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz keɪm ˈleɪtər, sɪz raɪd. keɪm bæk ənd ʧɑrʤd mi wɪθ ˈænəməl ˈkruəlti, wɪʧ ˈrɪli ˈəpˌsɛts mi bɪˈkəz aɪ fil aɪ wɑz træpt. aɪ sərˈɛndər maɪ dɔgz again.”*.” ʃi ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd ðɪs ˈraɪtər tɪ stɑp baɪ ənd si ðə dɔgz. ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz bɪˈloʊ ʃoʊ ðə dɔgz ɛz ðeɪ wər æt ðət taɪm: moʊst ɪn ˈkɛnəlz baɪ tuz, ənd tu dɔgz ʧeɪnd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈkɛnəl ˈɛriə, wən ˈnɪrˈbaɪ ənd wən ʤɪst əp ðə hɪl ɪn ə ˈfɔrəstəd ˈɛriə wɛr ðɛr wər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈəðər ˈsɪŋgəl ˈʃɛltərz ənd ʧeɪnz. ðɛr wər noʊ ˈkɛnəl stæf ˈprɛzənt. dɔgz ɪn ðə ˈkɛnəl oʊnd baɪ ˈhɪdən ˈmɛˌdoʊ fɑrm ər pɛrd baɪ tuz wən dɔg wɑz ʧeɪnd əp ɪn ə ˈfɔrəstəd ˈɛriə ˈəðər ˈʃɛltərz wɪθ ʧeɪnz wər ɪn ðə ˈfɔrəstəd ˈɛriə ðə ˈkɛnəlz səraʊnd ə ˈsɛntrəl pleɪ jɑrd ðɪs dɔg wɑz ʧeɪnd nɪr ðə ˈkɛnəlz mæt tɑd, ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈoʊnər əv ðə ˈkɛnəl hu soʊld ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən eɪt jɪrz əˈgoʊ tɪ raɪd, sɛd ðət hi faɪld ə kəmˈpleɪnt əˈbaʊt ˈtritmənt əv ðə ˈænəməlz ɪn meɪ əv 2014 ˈæftər hi rɪˈsivd ə tɪp frəm ə frɛnd hu wɑz kənˈsərnd əˈbaʊt ðə ˈænəməlz, hi sɪz hi wɛnt tɪ ðə ˈkɛnəl ənd, beɪst ɔn wət hi sɔ, kɔld pəˈlis. hi ˈɔlsoʊ lɑʤd ə kəmˈpleɪnt wɪθ. ɑp) sɛd ðeɪ wʊd ˈkɑnˌtækt ðə. wi lɛft ɪt əp tɪ them,”*,” sɪz tɑd. wɑz nɪˈglɛkt ˈoʊvər taɪm. hərd səm stories…*… ˈrumərz goʊ əraʊnd ənd ju teɪk ðɛm wɪθ ə greɪn əv sɔlt. bət wəns aɪ əbˈzərvd ɪt, aɪ sɛd, cool.’”*.’” hi tʊk ˈfoʊˌtoʊz əv ðə dɔgz, səm hu wər ɪˈmeɪʃiˌeɪtɪd, səm hu wər ʧeɪnd tɪ steɪks, ənd wən əv ə dɪˈsist dɔg ɪn ə ˈwilˌbɛroʊ. ðɪs ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ɪz frəm 2014 ənd ʃoʊz ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈkɛnəlz oʊnd baɪ ˈhɪdən ˈmɛˌdoʊ fɑrm (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: mæt tɑd) ðə ɪˈmeɪʃiˌeɪtɪd steɪt əv ðə dɔg ɪn ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd kənˈsərnd tɑd (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: mæt tɑd) ˈsɛvərəl dɔgz wər ʧeɪnd ɪn ðə ˈfɔrɪst (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: mæt tɑd) ˈsɛvərəl dɔgz wər ʧeɪnd ɪn ðə ˈfɔrɪst (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: mæt tɑd) ɪn ðɪs 2014 ˈfoʊˌtoʊ, ə dɪˈsist dɔg wɑz æt ðə ɛʤ əv ðə wʊdz ɪn ə ˈwilˌbɛroʊ ənd ˈkəvərd wɪθ ə ˈkɛnəl dɔr (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: mæt tɑd) raɪd sɪz ʃi rɪˈmɛmbərz ðə deɪ ɛz biɪŋ ˈbɪzi. dɛd dɔg) wɑz swɪft ɪt wɑz ˈprɪti məʧ ðə seɪm ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən, wɪʧ meɪks ɪt saʊnd laɪk ɪt ˈhæpənz ɔl ðə taɪm. ðɪs wɑz ɪn ðə oʊld ˈkɛnəlz. ðeɪ wər ɪn ˈprɪti bæd ʃeɪp. dɔgz gɑt aʊt, ʃi gɑt kɪld. ɪt wɑz ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ə ˈbɪzi deɪ soʊ ðeɪ tʊk hər aʊt əv ðə ˈkɛnəl ənd ðeɪ wild hər ˈɪntu ðə ˈbʊʃəz wɛr ðeɪ si hər ənd ðɛn wi wɛnt ˈoʊvər ɪn ðə ˈivnɪŋ ənd tʊk hər ənd ˈbɛrid her.”*.” bət tɑd dɪsəˈgriz wɪθ ðoʊz ˈækʃənz. “(“(they*) ʤɪst pʊt ðə dɔg ɪn ə ˈwilˌbɛroʊ wɪθ ən oʊld dɔr ɔn tɔp ənd stəft ɪt æt ðə saɪd əv ðə wʊdz. ˈsəmˌwən seɪɪŋ, ‘‘oh*, wɛl, ʤɪst dil wɪθ ɪt later.’*.’ ɪt ʤɪst pæst əˈweɪ. lɔst ə fju dogs…*… ənd ðə fərst θɪŋ aɪ dɪd wɑz ˈbɛri ɪt bɪˈhaɪnd ə tri. ju du ðə dɔg ðə ˈdisənsi, ju pʊt ɪt ɪn ə ˈbɛroʊ ənd liv ɪt fər later.”*.” raɪd, hu sɪz ʃi sin ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz, ˈɔlsoʊ sɛd ðət ˈnɔrməl fər slɛd dɔgz tɪ bi ˈskɪni ˈæftər ə sˈlɛdɪŋ ˈsizən. vɛt həz bɪn ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɪθ maɪ dɔgz fər jɪrz ənd ðɛr hæv bɪn taɪmz wɪn ʃi həz sɛd ðə dɔgz ər ˈlʊkɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈskɪni, lʊk æt səm ˈdɪfərənt ˈfidɪŋ options.”*.” bət tɑd dɪsəˈgriz wɪθ ðət, tu. laɪk ˈɛni ˈjumən, ɪf ju wər ˈtreɪnɪŋ fər ə reɪs tru tɪ səm ɪkˈstɛnt. bət ə ˈdɪfərəns. əˈgri ðət ðə əˈlæskən ˈhəski ɪz ˈbeɪsɪkli ə krɔs bɪtˈwin ə ˈgreɪˌhaʊnd ənd ə ˈhəski. ʃʊr maɪ dɔgz wʊd luz weɪt ˈoʊvər ðə ˈwɪntər, bət ə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin siɪŋ ə fju rɪbz ənd siɪŋ rɪbz, hɪps, ənd ʤɔɪnts. wɪn aɪ wɑz ðɛr, səm dɔgz lʊkt ˈhɛlθi ənd səm didn’t*. aɪ tʊk ə ˈpɪkʧər əv ðə wən ðət lʊkt ðə worst.”*.” tɑd ˈɔlsoʊ sɛd ðət waɪl hæd dɔgz faɪt, ˈnɛvər kəm əˈweɪ wɪθ mɔr ðən ə fju ˈpəŋkʧər wundz ənd nən hæv fɔt tɪ ðə dɛθ. hi ˈkərəntli oʊnz fɔr slɛd dɔgz, tu əv wɪʧ hi tʊk bæk frəm ˈkɛnəl wən ˈsɛvən jɪrz əˈgoʊ ðət wɑz ɪn gʊd hɛlθ ənd wən læst ˈwɪntər ðət wɑz ɪn ˈrəfər ʃeɪp ənd hæd ə tuθ ˈhæŋɪŋ baɪ ə pis əv skɪn. təˈdeɪ, rɪˈzɔrt ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmænɪʤər ˈʤɛsi ˈhæməltən sɛd ɪn ə ˈrɪtən ˈsteɪtmənt ðət ðə rɪˈzɔrt həz ðə dɔg slɛd ˈproʊˌgræm rən θru ˈhɪdən ˈmɛˌdoʊ fɑrm. ɛz pɑrt əv ɑr ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ðə kɛr əv ɔl ˈænəməlz ɔn ɑr ˈprɑpərti, wi hæv ˈɔlsoʊ ˌproʊˈæktɪvˌli ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˌtɛmpərˈɛrəli kloʊz ðə ˈsteɪbəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz təˈdeɪ, wɪʧ ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd baɪ ˈhɪdən ˈmɛˌdoʊ fɑrm, soʊ wi kən ˈkɑndəkt ə ˌrivˈju ənd ər rɪkˈwɛstɪŋ ˈædɪd ˈgaɪdəns frəm ðə ˈivɪn ðoʊ noʊ ˈɪʃuz hæv bɪn reɪzd rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðət operation.”*.” raɪd sɪz ʃi ˌəndərˈstændz ðɛr ˈbɪznɪs ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən. həz dən ðə raɪt θɪŋ. aɪ hæv noʊ kənˈsərnz, ðə wɑz æt ðə fɑrm tu ər θri deɪz əˈgoʊ ənd hæd noʊ kənˈsərnz. ənd ɪf wɔnts ðɛm tɪ kəm bæk ɪn, faɪn. aɪ æm nɑt ðə ˈoʊnli ˈpərsən ðɪs həz ˈhæpənd to,”*,” ʃi ˈædɪd. ˈhæpənz. ɪf ju hæd tu dɔgz ənd ju keɪm hoʊm frəm wərk ənd ðeɪ hæd fɔt ənd wən əv ðɛm hæd daɪd, ˈɛvriˌbɑdi wʊd bi goʊɪŋ, ‘‘oh*, soʊ ˈtɛrəbəl, soʊ sorry.’*.’ bət ðɪs ˈhæpənd æt ə ˈkɛnəl soʊ ə ˈmɑnstər wət ˈəpˌsɛts me.”*.” raɪd sɪz ʃi əˈgri wɪθ ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst hər ənd wɪl bi ˈhaɪrɪŋ ə ˈlɔjər. ʃi wɪl ˈænsər tɪ hər ˈʧɑrʤɪz ˈɔgəst 23 ɪn kɔrt. mɪs aʊt ɔn ˈdɑplər! saɪn əp fər ɑr fri, ˈnuzˌlɛtər hir. prɪnt |
everything else about this administration is now out in the open, so why not start issuing official campaign statements that link to conspiracy promoter.com?
following a pro-trump, rally in washington lafayette park, the campaign apparently blasted out an email thanking “supporters” who showed “their support.” the statement linked to an post whose feature image is a sign some kid is holding that calls cnn “isis,” according to several accounts on twitter from people who received the email.
“thanks to president trump, the american taxpayer will no longer be captive to the burdensome paris accord,” the statement said. “by the action the president took this week, the american people and the world will see once again that our president is choosing to put american jobs and american workers first.”
saturday’s “pittsburgh, not paris” rally was organized by the republican party of fairfax county, virginia, which the trump campaign thanked in the statement.
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infowars claimed a turnout:
the trump supporters dwarfed the climate change activists at the time of this writing, which of course highlights how the decision to leave the paris accord actually trump’s, but rather the american people who propelled trump to the white house.
the thousands of people who turned out for 135 rallies across the country might dispute that claim. | ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɛls əˈbaʊt ðɪs ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ɪz naʊ aʊt ɪn ðə ˈoʊpən, soʊ waɪ nɑt stɑrt ˈɪʃuɪŋ əˈfɪʃəl kæmˈpeɪn ˈsteɪtmənts ðət lɪŋk tɪ kənˈspɪrəsi prəˈmoʊtər infowars.com*? ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə pro-trump*, ˈræli ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˌlɑfiˈɛt pɑrk, ðə kæmˈpeɪn əˈpɛrəntli ˈblæstɪd aʊt ən iˈmeɪl ˈθæŋkɪŋ ““supporters”*” hu ʃoʊd support.”*.” ðə ˈsteɪtmənt lɪŋkt tɪ ən poʊst huz ˈfiʧər ˈɪmɪʤ ɪz ə saɪn səm kɪd ɪz ˈhoʊldɪŋ ðət kɔlz ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn ““isis,”*,” əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈsɛvərəl əˈkaʊnts ɔn tˈwɪtər frəm ˈpipəl hu rɪˈsivd ðə iˈmeɪl. tɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp, ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈtækˌspeɪər wɪl noʊ ˈlɔŋgər bi ˈkæptɪv tɪ ðə ˈbərdənsəm ˈpɛrɪs accord,”*,” ðə ˈsteɪtmənt sɛd. ðə ˈækʃən ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt tʊk ðɪs wik, ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpipəl ənd ðə wərld wɪl si wəns əˈgɛn ðət ɑr ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪz ˈʧuzɪŋ tɪ pʊt əˈmɛrɪkən ʤɑbz ənd əˈmɛrɪkən ˈwərkərz first.”*.” ““pittsburgh*, nɑt paris”*” ˈræli wɑz ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd baɪ ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti əv ˈfɛrˌfæks ˈkaʊnti, vərˈʤɪnjə, wɪʧ ðə trəmp kæmˈpeɪn θæŋkt ɪn ðə ˈsteɪtmənt. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt kleɪmd ə ˈtərˌnaʊt: ðə trəmp səˈpɔrtərz dwɔrft ðə ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ ˈæktɪvɪsts æt ðə taɪm əv ðɪs ˈraɪtɪŋ, wɪʧ əv kɔrs ˈhaɪˌlaɪts haʊ ðə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ liv ðə ˈpɛrɪs əˈkɔrd ˈæˌkʧuəli trump’s*, bət ˈrəðər ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpipəl hu prəˈpɛld trəmp tɪ ðə waɪt haʊs. ðə ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈpipəl hu tərnd aʊt fər 135 ˈræliz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri maɪt dɪˈspjut ðət kleɪm. |
opal is composed of small beads of silica low temperature, but tightly closed in a waterproof casing. between these “beads” have cavities that contain a small amount of water. reflection of light on the surface of the opal gives reflections that differ from each stone depending on the “form” created by all the elements described above. there are many types of opal. opal can be dull and have no value, in which case such called “common opal” because only the large stones of bright colors are “semi-precious”.
type of opal found together with opal, wearing a certain value, called the australian “treats”. it has no value as a gemstone; it is used as a basis for simulating a gemstone “synthetic opal”) (based) or triplets (based on coated). opal “treats” can be white, gray, black, honey, amber or water colors. abercrombie
opal is one of the most beautiful stones in the world, and, of course, one of the most expensive. famous contemporary designers often use it in their work. also, this stone is very rare: some of his views may cost 40 000 euros, and even higher.
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source wikipedia | ˈoʊpəl ɪz kəmˈpoʊzd əv smɔl bidz əv ˈsɪlɪkə loʊ ˈtɛmpərəʧər, bət ˈtaɪtli kloʊzd ɪn ə ˈwɔtərˌpruf ˈkeɪsɪŋ. bɪtˈwin ðiz ““beads”*” hæv ˈkævɪtiz ðət kənˈteɪn ə smɔl əˈmaʊnt əv ˈwɔtər. rɪˈflɛkʃən əv laɪt ɔn ðə ˈsərfəs əv ðə ˈoʊpəl gɪvz rɪˈflɛkʃənz ðət ˈdɪfər frəm iʧ stoʊn dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn ðə ““form”*” kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ɔl ðə ˈɛləmənts dɪˈskraɪbd əˈbəv. ðɛr ər ˈmɛni taɪps əv ˈoʊpəl. ˈoʊpəl kən bi dəl ənd hæv noʊ ˈvælju, ɪn wɪʧ keɪs səʧ kɔld opal”*” bɪˈkəz ˈoʊnli ðə lɑrʤ stoʊnz əv braɪt ˈkələrz ər opals”*”. taɪp əv ˈoʊpəl faʊnd təˈgɛðər wɪθ ˈoʊpəl, ˈwɛrɪŋ ə ˈsərtən ˈvælju, kɔld ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ““treats”*”. ɪt həz noʊ ˈvælju ɛz ə ˈʤɛmˌstoʊn; ɪt ɪz juzd ɛz ə ˈbeɪsɪs fər ˈsɪmjəˌleɪtɪŋ ə ˈʤɛmˌstoʊn opal”*”) (beɪst) ər ˈtrɪpləts (beɪst ɔn ˈkoʊtɪd). ˈoʊpəl ““treats”*” kən bi waɪt, greɪ, blæk, ˈhəni, ˈæmbər ər ˈwɔtər ˈkələrz. ˌæbərˈkrɑmbi ˈoʊpəl ɪz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈbjutəfəl stoʊnz ɪn ðə wərld, ənd, əv kɔrs, wən əv ðə moʊst ɪkˈspɛnsɪv. ˈfeɪməs kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri dɪˈzaɪnərz ˈɔfən juz ɪt ɪn ðɛr wərk. ˈɔlsoʊ, ðɪs stoʊn ɪz ˈvɛri rɛr: səm əv hɪz vjuz meɪ kɔst 40 000 ˈjuˌroʊz, ənd ˈivɪn haɪər. ˌfɪtˈspætrɪk hənt ˈɑlvɛs sɔrs ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə |
to compete in the best animated feature category at the academy awards, a film must meet certain requirements. its running time must exceed 40 minutes. seventy-five percent of that running time must consist of animation. and like all movies, it must screen theatrically in los angeles for at least a period. the contenders in this category, however, obligated to cater to audiences under a certain age. but since the animated feature race was born in 2001, its nominees and winners have largely been releases, the kinds of movies that generate critical acclaim alongside opportunities for happy meal tie-ins. if the academy awards are a thanksgiving banquet for the cinematic elite, the best animated feature contenders are perpetually seated at the kids’ table.
this surprising, since most animated films in america are developed and distributed with children in mind. adults can appreciate many of those releases, which necessarily unworthy of academy recognition. indeed, hard to argue that many past winners of the best animated feature away, finding nemo, anything other than sophisticated, carefully rendered, heartbreaking works of staggering genius. still, the track record in this category does raise the question of whether an animated film with more adult themes will ever trump the blockbuster that transfix the crowd. a question especially relevant given the way this best animated feature race appears to be taking shape.
earlier this month, the academy announced that 19 films had submitted for consideration in the animated feature category. from that pack, frozen, the forthcoming update of hans christian the snow been dubbed the likely winner in various corners of the internet. called it the frontrunner in the category. as of this writing, the gold derby expert rankings place frozen in first place. rope of brad even called the race for frozen in his oscar predictions way back in march.
it’s easy to see why this is happening. there are compelling reasons, even at this premature stage, to argue in favor of a frozen win. early critical response to the film has been overwhelmingly positive. it contains a lot of the ingredients traditionally expected from a quality disney animated work: songs, a sense of adventure, and an quirky supporting character (in this case, olaf the snowman). most importantly, if frozen takes the oscar, it will mark the first animated feature win for a walt disney animation production, providing the academy with an opportunity to honor the present and past work of the studio that brought animated motion pictures to the mainstream.
considering that this year has been viewed as a relatively weak one for entry, monsters university, is pretty by the standards, and much as everyone loves minions, hard to imagine them winning an oscar for despicable me seems to have a clear, path to victory. but a potential challenger that could stand in its way.
that would be the wind rises, announced as the final movie from one of the most celebrated filmmakers to ever work in the medium, miyazaki. like frozen, the wind rises has already been applauded for the quality of its animation. earned laudatory reviews from critics. and been trumpeted as the swan song of a master craftsman. miyazaki has won just one academy award during his long career, the best animated feature prize for spirited away in 2002. another statuette would be an appropriate way for the academy to wish the japanese virtuoso a fond, farewell.
but as the new york times recently pointed out, some voters may find it hard to embrace the wind rises because, despite what writer brooks barnes describes as its “strong pacifist message,” the movie happens to be inspired by the life of horikoshi, the engineer who designed the zero fighter plane used by japanese pilots during world war ii, including the attack on pearl harbor. when the film was released this summer in japan, it generated strong criticism from those who disagreed with the politics miyazaki expressed in a widely read, controversial essay he penned. said in interviews that he wanted to capture the beauty of aeronautical ambitions, as well as the regret caused by the destruction his creations enabled. “what trying to do is portray the fact that there were actually people involved in that war effort, and that people made compromised decisions,” linda hoaglund, former translator, said in a recent npr piece. “he’s trying to say already been down the path of war, and it nearly ruined us. not go back.”
suffice it to say, the wind rises deals with far more serious and delicate issues than, say, free birds. unlike previous works, it also for young children; the has given the film a rating. and despite all the controversy involving war history and contemporary japanese politics, that might be the most important hurdle the wind rises has to overcome at the oscars this year: the fact that an animated film for mature audiences in a category that skews pre-adolescent.
the wind rises the first aiming for an oscar. notably, waltz with 2007 animated israeli film about one struggle with memories of the 1982 lebanon nominated for best foreign language film, but left out entirely in the animated category. instead, wall-e, bolt, and panda competed that year for the top animated honor. that said, animated films of a more grown-up nature have been nominated in the past, including the triplets of belleville, persepolis, the illusionist, and chico & rita. however, all four of them finding nemo, ratatouille, toy story 3, and rango, reasons that may have been justified, but certainly cement the perception that an animated film needs appeal to claim victory in this category.
as ridiculous as it may sound to those who study the hand-drawn, computer-generated, and marvels, the fact is that to most americans, the words “animated movie” still means “cartoon,” which still means “childhood.” for better or worse, the animated sensibilities of american moviegoers have largely been molded by the and pixars. consequently, some of those moviegoers (and academy voters) may settle in to watch an animated film and subconsciously crave the princesses or plucky cowboy dolls they encountered during their most formative years as film-watchers. when they encounter, instead, an animated film that deals with complicated, themes, or visuals that match the playful aesthetic they associate so strongly with the medium, they may view that as a negative instead of a potentially refreshing, groundbreaking departure. given recent changes to the rules regarding how films in the animated categories are nominated, which may increase the number of people the nominees, that unintentional bias could become even more of an issue. (another bias, one toward releases produced by the major hollywood studios, has often been flagged for the unfair advantages it may afford.)
that have to be the case. thanks to the widening pool of films being submitted in this oscar category, the definition of “animated movie” should be constantly expanding, both for academy voters and the moviegoing public at large. as it evolves, the oscars must actively attempt to embrace worthwhile movies that charm kids, as well as the kind mom and dad can only watch after the kids are tucked in bed, drifting off to sleep with their plush minions and nemos in their arms.
no matter what happens in this best animated feature race, walt disney co. will likely come out the winner. disney created and distributed frozen, but also distributing the wind rises in the u.s. next year, during the heart of academy awards season. wait, who reportedly said, “you’re dead if you aim only for kids. adults are only kids grown-up, anyway”? oh, right. it was walt disney. | tɪ kəmˈpit ɪn ðə bɛst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər ˈkætəˌgɔri æt ðə əˈkædəmi əˈwɔrdz, ə fɪlm məst mit ˈsərtən rɪkˈwaɪrmənts. ɪts ˈrənɪŋ taɪm məst ɪkˈsid 40 ˈmɪnəts. ˈsɛvəntiˌfaɪv pərˈsɛnt əv ðət ˈrənɪŋ taɪm məst kənˈsɪst əv ˌænəˈmeɪʃən. ənd laɪk ɔl ˈmuviz, ɪt məst skrin θiˈætrɪkəˌli ɪn lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs fər æt list ə ˈpɪriəd. ðə kənˈtɛndərz ɪn ðɪs ˈkætəˌgɔri, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈɑbləˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ˈkeɪtər tɪ ˈɔdiənsəz ˈəndər ə ˈsərtən eɪʤ. bət sɪns ðə ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər reɪs wɑz bɔrn ɪn 2001 ɪts ˌnɑməˈniz ənd ˈwɪnərz hæv ˈlɑrʤli bɪn rɪˈlisɪz, ðə kaɪnz əv ˈmuviz ðət ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt ˈkrɪtɪkəl əˈkleɪm əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ˌɑpərˈtunətiz fər ˈhæpi mil tie-ins*. ɪf ðə əˈkædəmi əˈwɔrdz ər ə ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ ˈbæŋkwət fər ðə ˌsɪnəˈmætɪk ɪˈlit, ðə bɛst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər kənˈtɛndərz ər pərˈpɛʧuəli ˈsitɪd æt ðə kids’*’ ˈteɪbəl. ðɪs səˈpraɪzɪŋ, sɪns moʊst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlmz ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə ər dɪˈvɛləpt ənd dɪˈstrɪbjətəd wɪθ ˈʧɪldrən ɪn maɪnd. ˈædəlts kən əˈpriʃiˌeɪt ˈmɛni əv ðoʊz rɪˈlisɪz, wɪʧ ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ənˈwərði əv əˈkædəmi ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən. ˌɪnˈdid, hɑrd tɪ ˈɑrgju ðət ˈmɛni pæst ˈwɪnərz əv ðə bɛst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər əˈweɪ, ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈnɛmoʊ, ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˈəðər ðən səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtəd, ˈkɛrfəli ˈrɛndərd, ˈhɑrtˌbreɪkɪŋ wərks əv ˈstægərˌɪŋ ˈʤinjəs. stɪl, ðə træk ˈrɛkərd ɪn ðɪs ˈkætəˌgɔri dɪz reɪz ðə kˈwɛʃən əv ˈwɛðər ən ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlm wɪθ mɔr ˈædəlt θimz wɪl ˈɛvər trəmp ðə ˈblɑkˌbəstər ðət trænsˈfɪks ðə kraʊd. ə kˈwɛʃən əˈspɛʃəli ˈrɛləvənt ˈgɪvɪn ðə weɪ ðɪs bɛst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər reɪs əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ˈteɪkɪŋ ʃeɪp. ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ, ðə əˈkædəmi əˈnaʊnst ðət 19 fɪlmz hæd səbˈmɪtəd fər kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən ɪn ðə ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər ˈkætəˌgɔri. frəm ðət pæk, ˈfroʊzən, ðə ˈfɔrθˈkəmɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪt əv hɑns ˈkrɪsʧɪn ðə snoʊ bɪn dəbd ðə ˈlaɪkli ˈwɪnər ɪn ˈvɛriəs ˈkɔrnərz əv ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. kɔld ɪt ðə ˈfrənˌtrənər ɪn ðə ˈkætəˌgɔri. ɛz əv ðɪs ˈraɪtɪŋ, ðə goʊld ˈdərbi ˈɛkspərt ˈræŋkɪŋz pleɪs ˈfroʊzən ɪn fərst pleɪs. roʊp əv bræd ˈivɪn kɔld ðə reɪs fər ˈfroʊzən ɪn hɪz ˈɔskər priˈdɪkʃənz weɪ bæk ɪn mɑrʧ. ˈizi tɪ si waɪ ðɪs ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ. ðɛr ər kəmˈpɛlɪŋ ˈrizənz, ˈivɪn æt ðɪs ˌpriməˈʧʊr steɪʤ, tɪ ˈɑrgju ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ə ˈfroʊzən wɪn. ˈərli ˈkrɪtɪkəl rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə fɪlm həz bɪn ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli ˈpɑzətɪv. ɪt kənˈteɪnz ə lɔt əv ðə ˌɪnˈgridiənts trəˈdɪʃənəli ɪkˈspɛktɪd frəm ə kˈwɑləti ˈdɪzni ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd wərk: sɔŋz, ə sɛns əv ədˈvɛnʧər, ənd ən kˈwərki səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈkɛrɪktər (ɪn ðɪs keɪs, ˈoʊlɑf ðə sˈnoʊˌmæn). moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, ɪf ˈfroʊzən teɪks ðə ˈɔskər, ɪt wɪl mɑrk ðə fərst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər wɪn fər ə wɔlt ˈdɪzni ˌænəˈmeɪʃən pərˈdəkʃən, prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ðə əˈkædəmi wɪθ ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ˈɑnər ðə ˈprɛzənt ənd pæst wərk əv ðə ˈstudiˌoʊ ðət brɔt ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈmoʊʃən ˈpɪkʧərz tɪ ðə ˈmeɪnˌstrim. kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðət ðɪs jɪr həz bɪn vjud ɛz ə ˈrɛlətɪvli wik wən fər ˈɛntri, ˈmɑnstərz ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ɪz ˈprɪti baɪ ðə ˈstændərdz, ənd məʧ ɛz ˈɛvriˌwən ləvz ˈmɪnjənz, hɑrd tɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ðɛm ˈwɪnɪŋ ən ˈɔskər fər dɪˈspɪkəbəl mi simz tɪ hæv ə klɪr, pæθ tɪ ˈvɪktəri. bət ə pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈʧælɪnʤər ðət kʊd stænd ɪn ɪts weɪ. ðət wʊd bi ðə wɪnd ˈraɪzɪz, əˈnaʊnst ɛz ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈmuvi frəm wən əv ðə moʊst ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪd ˈfɪlˌmeɪkərz tɪ ˈɛvər wərk ɪn ðə ˈmidiəm, ˌmijɑˈzɑki. laɪk ˈfroʊzən, ðə wɪnd ˈraɪzɪz həz ɔˈrɛdi bɪn əˈplɔdɪd fər ðə kˈwɑləti əv ɪts ˌænəˈmeɪʃən. ərnd ˈlɔdəˌtɔri rəvˈjuz frəm ˈkrɪtɪks. ənd bɪn ˈtrəmpətɪd ɛz ðə swɔn sɔŋ əv ə ˈmæstər ˈkræftsmən. ˌmijɑˈzɑki həz wən ʤɪst wən əˈkædəmi əˈwɔrd ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz lɔŋ kərɪr, ðə bɛst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər praɪz fər ˈspɪrɪtəd əˈweɪ ɪn 2002 əˈnəðər ˌstæʧuˈɛt wʊd bi ən əˈproʊpriˌeɪt weɪ fər ðə əˈkædəmi tɪ wɪʃ ðə ˌʤæpəˈniz vərʧuˈoʊsoʊ ə fɑnd, ˌfɛrˈwɛl. bət ɛz ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz ˈrisəntli ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt, səm ˈvoʊtərz meɪ faɪnd ɪt hɑrd tɪ ɪmˈbreɪs ðə wɪnd ˈraɪzɪz bɪˈkəz, dɪˈspaɪt wət ˈraɪtər brʊks bɑrnz dɪˈskraɪbz ɛz ɪts ˈpæsɪfɪst message,”*,” ðə ˈmuvi ˈhæpənz tɪ bi ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ ðə laɪf əv horikoshi*, ðə ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr hu dɪˈzaɪnd ðə ˈziroʊ ˈfaɪtər pleɪn juzd baɪ ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈpaɪləts ˈdʊrɪŋ wərld wɔr ii*, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə əˈtæk ɔn pərl ˈhɑrbər. wɪn ðə fɪlm wɑz riˈlist ðɪs ˈsəmər ɪn ʤəˈpæn, ɪt ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd strɔŋ ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm frəm ðoʊz hu dɪsəˈgrid wɪθ ðə ˈpɑləˌtɪks ˌmijɑˈzɑki ɪkˈsprɛst ɪn ə ˈwaɪdli rɛd, ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈɛˌseɪ hi pɛnd. sɛd ɪn ˈɪntərvˌjuz ðət hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ˈkæpʧər ðə ˈbjuti əv ˌɛrəˈnɑtəkəl æmˈbɪʃənz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə rɪˈgrɛt kɔzd baɪ ðə dɪˈstrəkʃən hɪz kriˈeɪʃənz ɪˈneɪbəld. traɪɪŋ tɪ du ɪz pɔrˈtreɪ ðə fækt ðət ðɛr wər ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈpipəl ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðət wɔr ˈɛfərt, ənd ðət ˈpipəl meɪd ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd decisions,”*,” ˈlɪndə ˈhoʊglənd, ˈfɔrmər trænzˈleɪtər, sɛd ɪn ə ˈrisənt ˈɛnˈpiˈɑr pis. traɪɪŋ tɪ seɪ ɔˈrɛdi bɪn daʊn ðə pæθ əv wɔr, ənd ɪt ˈnɪrli ruɪnd ˈjuˈɛs. nɑt goʊ back.”*.” səˈfaɪs ɪt tɪ seɪ, ðə wɪnd ˈraɪzɪz dilz wɪθ fɑr mɔr ˈsɪriəs ənd ˈdɛləkət ˈɪʃuz ðən, seɪ, fri bərdz. ənˈlaɪk ˈpriviəs wərks, ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ fər jəŋ ˈʧɪldrən; ðə həz ˈgɪvɪn ðə fɪlm ə ˈreɪtɪŋ. ənd dɪˈspaɪt ɔl ðə ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ wɔr ˈhɪstəri ənd kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈpɑləˌtɪks, ðət maɪt bi ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈhərdəl ðə wɪnd ˈraɪzɪz həz tɪ ˈoʊvərˌkəm æt ðə ˈɔskərz ðɪs jɪr: ðə fækt ðət ən ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlm fər məˈʧʊr ˈɔdiənsəz ɪn ə ˈkætəˌgɔri ðət skjuz pre-adolescent*. ðə wɪnd ˈraɪzɪz ðə fərst ˈeɪmɪŋ fər ən ˈɔskər. ˈnoʊtəbli, wɔlts wɪθ 2007 ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˌɪzˈreɪli fɪlm əˈbaʊt wən ˈstrəgəl wɪθ ˈmɛməriz əv ðə 1982 ˈlɛbənən ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd fər bɛst ˈfɔrən ˈlæŋgwɪʤ fɪlm, bət lɛft aʊt ɪnˈtaɪərli ɪn ðə ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈkætəˌgɔri. ˌɪnˈstɛd, wall-e*, boʊlt, ənd ˈpændə kəmˈpitɪd ðət jɪr fər ðə tɔp ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈɑnər. ðət sɛd, ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlmz əv ə mɔr ˈgroʊˌnəp ˈneɪʧər hæv bɪn ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd ɪn ðə pæst, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈtrɪpləts əv bəlˈvɪl, pərˈsɛpələs, ðə ˌɪˈluʒənəst, ənd ˈʧiˌkoʊ ˈritə. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɔl fɔr əv ðɛm ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈnɛmoʊ, ˌrætəˈtuj, tɔɪ ˈstɔri 3 ənd rango*, ˈrizənz ðət meɪ hæv bɪn ˈʤəstəˌfaɪd, bət ˈsərtənli sɪˈmɛnt ðə pərˈsɛpʃən ðət ən ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlm nidz əˈpil tɪ kleɪm ˈvɪktəri ɪn ðɪs ˈkætəˌgɔri. ɛz rɪˈdɪkjələs ɛz ɪt meɪ saʊnd tɪ ðoʊz hu ˈstədi ðə hand-drawn*, kəmˈpjutərˈʤɛnərˌeɪtəd, ənd ˈmɑrvəlz, ðə fækt ɪz ðət tɪ moʊst əˈmɛrɪkənz, ðə wərdz movie”*” stɪl minz ““cartoon,”*,” wɪʧ stɪl minz ““childhood.”*.” fər ˈbɛtər ər wərs, ðə ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˌsɛnsɪˈbɪlɪtiz əv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈmuˌviˌgoʊərz hæv ˈlɑrʤli bɪn ˈmoʊldɪd baɪ ðə ənd pixars*. ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛntli, səm əv ðoʊz ˈmuˌviˌgoʊərz (ənd əˈkædəmi ˈvoʊtərz) meɪ ˈsɛtəl ɪn tɪ wɔʧ ən ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlm ənd səbˈkɑnʃəsli kreɪv ðə ˈprɪnsɛsɪz ər ˈpləki ˈkaʊˌbɔɪ dɑlz ðeɪ ɪnˈkaʊnərd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɛr moʊst ˈfɔrmətɪv jɪrz ɛz film-watchers*. wɪn ðeɪ ɪnˈkaʊnər, ˌɪnˈstɛd, ən ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd fɪlm ðət dilz wɪθ ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd, θimz, ər ˈvɪʒwəlz ðət mæʧ ðə ˈpleɪfəl ɛsˈθɛtɪk ðeɪ əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt soʊ ˈstrɔŋli wɪθ ðə ˈmidiəm, ðeɪ meɪ vju ðət ɛz ə ˈnɛgətɪv ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə pəˈtɛnʃəli rɪˈfrɛʃɪŋ, ˈgraʊnˌbreɪkɪŋ dɪˈpɑrʧər. ˈgɪvɪn ˈrisənt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ðə rulz rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ haʊ fɪlmz ɪn ðə ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈkætəˌgɔriz ər ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd, wɪʧ meɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈpipəl ðə ˌnɑməˈniz, ðət ˌənɪnˈtɛnʃənəl baɪəs kʊd bɪˈkəm ˈivɪn mɔr əv ən ˈɪʃu. (əˈnəðər baɪəs, wən təˈwɔrd rɪˈlisɪz prəˈdust baɪ ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈhɑliˌwʊd ˈstudiˌoʊz, həz ˈɔfən bɪn flægd fər ðə ˌɔnˈfɛr ædˈvæntɪʤɪz ɪt meɪ əˈfɔrd.) ðət hæv tɪ bi ðə keɪs. θæŋks tɪ ðə ˈwaɪdənɪŋ pul əv fɪlmz biɪŋ səbˈmɪtəd ɪn ðɪs ˈɔskər ˈkætəˌgɔri, ðə ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv movie”*” ʃʊd bi ˈkɑnstəntli ɪkˈspændɪŋ, boʊθ fər əˈkædəmi ˈvoʊtərz ənd ðə ˈmuˌviˌgoʊɪŋ ˈpəblɪk æt lɑrʤ. ɛz ɪt ɪˈvɑlvz, ðə ˈɔskərz məst ˈæktɪvli əˈtɛmpt tɪ ɪmˈbreɪs ˈwərθˈwaɪl ˈmuviz ðət ʧɑrm kɪdz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə kaɪnd mɑm ənd dæd kən ˈoʊnli wɔʧ ˈæftər ðə kɪdz ər təkt ɪn bɛd, ˈdrɪftɪŋ ɔf tɪ slip wɪθ ðɛr pləʃ ˈmɪnjənz ənd ˈnimoʊz ɪn ðɛr ɑrmz. noʊ ˈmætər wət ˈhæpənz ɪn ðɪs bɛst ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˈfiʧər reɪs, wɔlt ˈdɪzni koʊ. wɪl ˈlaɪkli kəm aʊt ðə ˈwɪnər. ˈdɪzni kriˈeɪtɪd ənd dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˈfroʊzən, bət ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈstrɪbjutɪŋ ðə wɪnd ˈraɪzɪz ɪn ðə juz. nɛkst jɪr, ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə hɑrt əv əˈkædəmi əˈwɔrdz ˈsizən. weɪt, hu rɪˈpɔrtədli sɛd, dɛd ɪf ju eɪm ˈoʊnli fər kɪdz. ˈædəlts ər ˈoʊnli kɪdz ˈgroʊˌnəp, anyway”*”? oʊ, raɪt. ɪt wɑz wɔlt ˈdɪzni. |
please read this post carefully: if you post wrongly your post will be removed, if you repeatedly post wrongly you may be permanently barred from posting in this thread.
this thread is for psychedelic veterans to post their personal advice to novice trippers. it is not a thread where you ask advice, or debate things, this is a thread containing just advice from trippers who've been around the block and want to help beginners avoid pitfalls and seize golden opportunities that might not be obvious to them.
quote:
posting rules:
1) only post in this thread when you have more than 5 years tripping experience and have had more than 10 trips in that time period.
2) start the post by stating the approximate number of years you trip and how many trips you estimate to have had. if you don't do this, your post may be removed immediately as we do not want speculation but actual veteran advice from actual veterans.
3) proceed to give your advice. you may make multiple posts throughout the thread if you have more advice to share, but start it off by stating your 2) experience level every time.
4) do not reply to posts, do not ask questions, simply state your experience level and advice - or stick to reading the thread only. reply and question posts will generally be removed.
5) these rules are simple; repeat offenders may be barred from posting again in this thread, this will be permanent.
veterans, lets help out some newbie trippers
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psychosis, synchronicities, shamanism & the supernatural
unite, shroomerite! agree and disagree both would benefit from a better.
post extras:
1. relax
2. never forget that what is happening is temporary
3. relax
4. it is normal for your face to be sore from smiling for 8 hours
5. relax
6. although there is tremendous uproar behind your eyes most people can't tell. trippers can tell when somebody is tripping but most people cannot.
7. relax
experience level: over 40 years and well over a hundred trips
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edited by (05/17/14 pm)
post extras:
experience level: i have tripped since 1993 until now, during which time i had probably a couple hundred psychedelic sessions and several hundred doses.
advice: first and foremost, "fools go rushing in"., even in small doses, can have an overwhelming effect on you for good or bad, and the next time be completely boring in the same dosage.
don't be cavalier about your doses, not at first. start real small and work your way up slowly. many beginning trippers take too high doses too early in their usage, are suddenly overwhelmed by intensity they have not yet learned to handle or appreciate, and this often ends experimentation, with a shocking unpleasant experience. don't let that be you.
do proper research of the drugs of your interest before purchasing and ingesting them. great sites to inform you are the (duh) and bluelight.
for, i would recommend to start out with grams of), the most common mushroom, and if you'd like some more an hour and a half later then adding the same amount again. a simple rule of thumb is that doubling any dose of psychedelic will result in not just an intensification of effects, but the appearance of completely new effects in addition to that. if you tripped on gram, 3 grams is almost like a different drug.
i strongly recommend users of to keep their first 10 trips below = oz of mushrooms. an eighth is for most people an extremely strong dosage.
for lsd, start out with a quarter to a whole blotter or and decide if you want to take a booster of the same size 2 hours after dosing.
a quirk of is that if you start out and take the same dose every time, the drug will tend to become more intense, more complex and more interesting each time. this is because you learn to trip, and as you learn, more becomes possible or noticable. this can also mean that a given dose becomes too much. in that case, back it down. "too much" psychedelic is a very bad feeling for almost all people.
how often to use? i recommend once every months. less often is fine, but more often will lead to you losing the magic. me i used about a year for 21 years on average, and its more beautiful and complex than ever. the magic is all still there. if you abuse it heavily though, the magic can be lost over a single summer holiday. what a pity.
the best place to use is either at home or in nature, where you won't be disturbed. for beginning trippers with less than 10 experiences i recommend to have a friend present to talk you and your tripping friend(s) down. are ideal for this, they tend to be calm and are not easily bored. the best number of people to have present in the session is.
i recommend you to grow your own mushrooms, grow your own san pedro cactus and to get active in creating a supply of for yourself and friends. there are that are still legal. if you create a stash, i recommend to stash a minimum of 100 doses combined of varied. this will give you peace of mind for years to come and keeps you away from dealers and the law.
thats it for now. trip carefully!
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psychosis, synchronicities, shamanism & the supernatural
unite, shroomerite! agree and disagree both would benefit from a better.
post extras:
what a good idea!
my first trip is 10 years ago. it's hard for me to recall how many times i did something but i'll try to be as correct as possible.
it took(xtc)
amfetamine(speed)
lsd
shrooms
dmt
mescaline
ketamine
2c-b
2c-e
2c-c
4 ho math
4
cocaine
ghb
hashish every day
i have allot experience trying different chemicals and what to me was that i ended in a psychoses. my advice is don't trip to much. ones every now and then is fun but if it's a then watch out. take care after yourself you have only one brain and please don't destroy it. especially when your young (under 18) your brain ,especially your prefrontal cortex, is still developing and you better stay away from until your 22.
iff your going to trip anyway then there are a few simple rules you can take in account.
never trip if you're.
do it in a safe inviremont.
prepare well so your set and setting are perfect.
invite the right friends you don't want to trip with somebody you don't really like.
iff you're not shure on what's going to happen invite a friend who stays sober so you always have who looks over the situation an can tell when something is wrong or not.
make shure that everybody has taken the same substance because when one party for example takes lsd and the other party takes you will get different vibes and that can be on the outcome off your trip.
if it's a new substance for you always take half first do you feel good take the other half later.
and my last tip make shure you know what your ingesting!!! there are with but also with same for.
don't forget to bring candles burn incense and to bring your blankets!
have a safe flight!
peace
p-p
edited by (05/17/14 pm)
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i had my first trip 6 years ago and in that time i have lost track of the number of times i have taken, over 50 times would be a safe estimate.
the main piece of advice i can give to newbie trippers is to be respectful of the substances you are going to ingest, the way you would respect a wild animal. don't try to out do other people, don't try to take the highest dose, do not take them to have a good time at a party. i believe that these are the main ways to have a bad trip, and even if you don't you have not gained as much as you could from the experience. it irks me to no end to hear people bragging about what level trip they reached or telling people about the ridiculous amount they ingested. some will disagree with me, and this is just my opinion but i think the lower, more reasonable doses are more beneficial than getting fucked out of your mind on a ten strip of acid. your sober self can't relate to your super super super high out of your mind self at all, so anything you learned feels out of reach once you sober up again (this is my experience)
though this is 101, your mindset and the actual place you are when tripping have a huge impact on your experience. i think you should plan in advance and mentally prepare yourself for your first trip.
bad trips are sometimes inevitable, but they are not really so bad. don't be afraid of them. you are just uncomfortable tripping for a certain amount of time, and it will eventually end. you can make it end sooner by not making things worse for yourself, staying chill, changing the environment etc. always remember that you are on drugs, you did this to yourself, and no matter what things will be ok and back to normal in a few hours. bad trips are extremely beneficial, as learning the most important things about yourself and facing the cold hard truth can be unpleasant and it can make you feel shitty, but the things you learn are priceless. sometimes you can let go of some trauma or pain and it sucks going through but afterward your life can be so much better.
be responsible with drugs. be careful who you get them from, be careful who you give them to, be careful what you put in your body, be careful how much you put in your body. do not make a bad name for. they are not regulated by anybody, and there are never any guarantees, and no one is going to save you if you don't think things through and make a stupid decision. err on the side of caution.
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remember: you are going to die, but not from the drugs, except if you are taking large amounts of some rc's.
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i usually give pretty good advise so i'll just copy myself from this thread
the one piece of advise i have to give is don't try to resist the trip. you have to surrender yourself and trust the mushrooms. its when people get to taking the dose you're talking about that the bad trip can happen, and that is almost universally caused by resisting it or trying to make it stop, which is not an option.
to do creative writing you want a low dose not a psychedelic dose, similar to your experience. if you eat an or 5 grams you are into the psychedelic range. you might be able to record some thoughts with a tape recorder or recorder, but you won't be writing with a utensil.
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"if the foundations be destroyed, what can the righteous solomon
and there was war in heaven: michael and his angels fought against the dragon; and the dragon fought and his angels,
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http://howtousepsychedelics.org/
tripping for 10 years, saw the light and ever since it's been a part of my life. my experience includes lsd, mushroom, cactus,,,,, a variety of others as well.
if you need to break it down:
lsd 6
mush 15
cactus 6
dmt 20
ketamine 30
2c's 8
lsa 4
understand why you are here. what has brought you to this forum? you're life is guiding you here for a reason. whether you're curious, a party-goer, on a spiritual path or drug abuser you're here for a reason.
psychedelics are powerful tools with incredible strength. they can take you down to your bare bones in a matter of minutes and when you're there you sure as hell can expect those issues to come up. using drugs like this can your life and show you what you need to fix to create balance in your life. having this happen for the first time in a party setting can cause a lot of chaos and anxiety.
as a participant in psychedelic drugs you are setting an example for everyone else. you need to be respectful of the drugs and of all people because these drugs are meant for everyone to enjoy. have your trips, good and bad, and learn your lessons.
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edited by (07/08/14 pm)
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my first trip was 5 years ago and i have easily taken 175+ trips since then, and most of those were in the year directly after the year when i first tried.
my biggest piece of advice is this:
do not trip too often. all too many people read about how it is possible to "lose the magic" but they don't head other peoples warnings. i can tell you first hand it is most definitely true. for a while i was tripping two times a week, for nearly a year and by the time i stopped i truly felt that i did not enjoy. after about a year hiatus i slowly came back, but this time respected rather than abused the substance and been tripping times per year since i started again. since using with respect i find that i am truly enjoying them again
another piece of advice i have is this:
try do develop your own rituals and coping mechanisms for the times you do trip. tripping can be quite intimidating at times and it can help to be able to identify what fears are rational and what aren't. also being able to decide whether you want to change or accept the thing you are fearing is a good skill to use.
for example, say you are afraid that a cop is going to pull the corner of the street you're standing on and arrest you. well decide whether that is a rational fear or just in your mind. if you decide that it is rational, the next logical step is to decide whether you want to change it or accept it. you can change it by moving to a new location, or you can accept it as a possibility you can live with and continue standing there.
those two things have been the most important in my experience
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weed sucks; eat.
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well, let's see... this is going to be a fun "trip" down memory lane! pun intended.
psychedelic credentials
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marijuana (12+ years on and off)
lsd (10+ times)
lsa from hawaiian baby (4+ times)
san pedro extraction (mescaline half a dozen times)
psilocybin mushrooms, strains (couple dozen times)
dmt in form (only once, that was plenty)
2cb (twice)
2c-t-7 (3 times)
pure, aka molly (3 times)
ketamine, powder (half a dozen times)
salvia (leaf to standardized extract, dozen+ times)
non-psychedelic adventures
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nitrous oxide (half a dozen times or so)
cocaine (pharmaceutical grade, a couple dozen times or so)
opiates (hundreds of times using to and beyond)
benzodiazapines (few dozen times, especially valium, xanax, klonopin)
ambien (try and fight the sleep and weirdness ensues, twice)
quaaludes (half a dozen times, from a trusted european source)
amphetamine, methamphetamine (from to crank, times)
now that we've established my bona fides, some advice for to the drug scene.
cactusdude's psychedelic ten commandments
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1. as say about, a little warms the heart, too much burns the soul. i advise people not to trip more than once every months, or you may be in danger of not adequately respecting the power of these incredible chemicals.
2. if you have depression, bi-polar spectrum disorders, or any serious mental health issues, this is not the stuff for you, my friend. human mental chemistry is fragile, and these chemicals can make an unstable chemical balance tip into dangerous areas. i have seen bi-polar friends become unhinged because of a psychedelic experience, one friend, a former 'cutter," began to cut herself again after ten years of being relatively stable. i have also known people who had managed their depression well for, 5+ years, but after they took mushrooms, lsd, ecstasy, etc, they fell into a deep depressive episode. just because you have been stable lately doesn't mean it is safe to alter your brain chemistry. why ruin a good thing?
3. if you are going to take a trip, always be in a good mood, in a good place physically, and a good place mentally. this is of utmost importance. even experienced can crash and burn if they aren't in a good head space. bad trip
4. always have a sober friend present. not on the phone, not down the street. present, in the house with you.
5. don't go to public places until you have a few trips under your belt with the particular substance you will be taking.
6. always err on the side of caution. i would rather myself or a friend 100 times than give someone too much even just once. under dosing can be fixed, and can even still be fun and enlightening. too big a dose can "crack your pavement" so to speak, and turn you off for life.
7. don't watch sad or violent movies, that should be a no brainer.
8.don't drive. you will be fine, but you will inevitably hit a 4 on a tricycle and kill him. that's always how inebriated drivers work.
9. be extra careful about dosing. read about dosing levels for your sex and weight, no matter how much experience you have with that or other neuro-chemicals. dose on the low end of the recommended spectrum. you never "really" know how if that mushroom is extra strong, or that lsd was diluted improperly, or how pure that is.
10. use the psychedelic scale to predetermine how "hard" you want to trip. this scale us super useful for describing trips to others in the know, and can help keep you form making dosing mistakes. it ranges from, and each substance has its own flavors of what each level entails.
level 1 is a threshold dose, mild stoning.
is a threshold dose, mild stoning. level 2 is a light dose, colors, vibrant wavy patterns, the beginning of closed eye visuals.
is a light dose, colors, vibrant wavy patterns, the beginning of closed eye visuals. level 3 is the standard psychedelic trip, full on waves, colors open eye visuals, inability to perform everyday tasks.
is the standard psychedelic trip, full on waves, colors open eye visuals, inability to perform everyday tasks. level 4 is a heavy dose, the kind where you lie on the floor and see things that aren't there.
[*]level 5 is where god makes you a grilled cheese sandwich, you lose your ego, and become one with the universe.
a more detailed and helpful on the psychedelic scale can be found here on the, or at.org
my cautionary lsd tale
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in 2004 i took 3 hits of lsd one night. an hour after consuming them, a friend called and said "don't take the lsd, it was super strong!" that 3 hits turned out to be 12 hits of lsd, (roughly 2500 for those into numbers). i couldn't see the real world for all the geometry and magic going on. people's irises disappeared and all i saw was blackness in their eyes. i derailed my brain and was effectively "gone, baby gone" for 36 hours. i lived a lifetime in wonderland that weekend, and couldn't touch a psychedelic substance for 3 years, or watch any violent tv or movies for a good 18 months without having problems. i would not wish that trip on anyone. except george w bush. yes, i'm still holding a grudge, bush.
my final word of advice
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human beings have been taking these substances for+ years. it is because there is something to be learned from them. keep an open mind, an open heart, and listen to what becomes unlocked in your own head. don't just trip to see pretty colors, or to "get fucked up". that is an irresponsible and short-sighted way of using these substances. that is not to say you can't or shouldn't try to do fun things with, but while you are enjoying yourself, try to listen to your own subconscious, you rarely get a chance to.
now, my padowan, go ignore all this wisdom and party like you were going to anyway!!!! now that we've established my bona fides, some advice for to the drug scene.--------------------------------
edited by (05/17/14 pm)
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been tripping since, shortly after graduating from high school. back then, lsd was plentiful in houston area. had an acid wave lasting over a year or so. in that time i was doing acid almost every weekend. i loved it soo much, it quickly became my favorite drug. before that, were my drugs of choice. cant tell ya how many times tripped or how many hits of acid taken (as it still goes on today from time to time), but the number is in the hundreds or early thousands. i find are easy to handle. you just gotta be calm and have a positive outlook. 'bad trips' normally happen, rather you might be in a bad mood and not enjoying your trip. for me, lsd led to experimenting with and mescaline. lsd is my drug of choice, but you'll never experience anything like. best advise i can give is keep calm and worry when taking. it'll open your mind and change your outlook on life and the way you view things. if you tried, you know what your missing. i really love going to raves, bars and concerts while tripping. often, ill carry some hits in my pocket waiting for the right moment to trip. nothing like taking a hit, drinking some beer, smoking some weed, taking another hit and drinking more beer. are just an all round good time, especially lsd. honesty, i know where i would be without them. made me who i am today
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quit reading my mind!
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tripped over 10 years, several hundred trips
) set and setting
) set and setting
) set and setting
) set and setting
) set and setting
don't stress getting things perfect, just don't trip if you're not sure about your surroundings or your state of mind.
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i have been tripping for 18 years. i couldn't begin to estimate the number of times i have tripped. when i was in my teens i abused almost every drug imaginable. now that i'm in my thirties i have cleaned up my life and the only drug i use is mushrooms.
i think the most important thing to remember when tripping is that set and setting are extremely important. make sure you are somewhere you feel safe and at ease. don't trip around drunk people. are powerful and should be respected but don't be afraid of them. remember you are just high, the things you are seeing are all in your head and it's temporary.
there is no such thing as a bad trip. trips can be unpleasant and challenging but in my experience more difficult trips are the most rewarding ones in the end. if you can learn to just let go and let the drugs show you what you need to see can be life changing. i take solo trips on high doses up to 30 grams of very potent mushrooms almost every week and it can be overwhelming at times but it has really helped me get to know myself and sort out my thoughts and emotions.
don't look at as a way to get fucked up at parties but rather as powerful spiritual medicine. if you can do so safely i also strongly recommend tripping in nature.
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amu
bottle tek
liquid tek
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1.
it is worth noting that in life we have only one mind to mold. it would be wise research exactly what you are putting in your body and also note the adverse effects. note the physical effects, the psychological effects. ask questions. could help me? is there any possibility for long term damage?
psychedelics, and drugs in general, have the potential to capture our curiosity and even perhaps ameliorate our lives, but it is indeed a fact that can have adverse effects. keep in mind what you are doing with your one body.
2.
do your drugs in a safe place and consider having a "trip sitter." that is, be sure to do your drugs somewhere comfortable and safe to ensure good times, and perhaps bring along a friend who can watch tv while you "feels weird man."
3.
again, drugs are fun, but so is life. i was once swept up in too many drugs and i forgot about living for a moment. if you find yourself irritated because you are too broke to afford a ten sack of marijuana then you may want to ask yourself: why am i irritated? be aware of habits. be aware of what impact habits can have on your overall health and daily functioning.
it is sad to see people flunk out of college because of drugs. i witnessed many of my friends do exactly that. it is sad because their bad habits led them to fail at something they wanted in life. now it's years later and they tell me about all their regret. don't forget about your overall quality of life.
4.
some of the laws in this country seem a bit backwards sometimes, but that doesn't change the fact that the police will crack down on you for breaking the law. keep in mind that when you do certain drugs you are risking something - your record. even if the risk is small, it is a risk. be careful to take precautions and be safe out there. don't get arrested for smoking weed in the park when you could have done it at home in the garage.
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edited by (05/18/14 am)
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as someone who's dabbled in for 12 years or so, i'll offer my shortlist;
1. it will end! (regardless of how overwhelmed you may get, take comfort in the light at the end of the tunnel)
2. music music music! (try and keep it upbeat, things you like)
3. never take anything for sole sake of having it. (spontaneity may be beneficial in other aspects of life, deserve more respect than dropping by unannounced)
4. as hokey as it sounds, practice basic meditation, clearing your mind is an invaluable skill, as well as a great to actively listening to your (which will become roused prepared or no)
5. start small! no dick measuring what so ever, the experience is what is important.
6. just go with it. resistance is indeed futile, as mentioned by others this is usually where negative thoughts start, again see number 1!
7. if at home, come up with some deep questions, and put them on sticky notes around the house, as you wander, you'll see them and it helps keep the questions in mind.
8. finally really think about who you trip with, if any negative or off vibes are felt, just don't do it.
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cronicr said:
and there ya have it folks, a how to tame that tek!
and after you inoculate be sure to consolidate for nine months and birth but dunk n roll this causes aborts with this directly in the face when needed
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i meet the criteria, but argue it only takes one profound psychedelic moment to appropriately advise others.
the potential is profound to the point that you cannot truly ever be prepared. will have fun or pleasant experience that does not saturate every part of life. if the the door flies open, however, you are talking about a state of being and reflection that could last your entire existence. it's not all rainbows and teddybears.
to comprehend the behind the scenes shit may not 'fit' into the life you currently lead.... it is potentially curative for the traumatized, addicted or end of lifers, who need to face the facts. for a young person say preparing for higher education, getting too many and wondering about 'life' it may not be at all what you expected.
don't get all fucked...
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multiplied
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i find the quality of my trips is greatly enhanced by doing meditation on a daily basis for at least a few days prior to the session. i also like to do some meditation on the comeup.
take a deep breath and just submit. there's no need to fight the experience.
if you are an tripper, it is best to confine your trips to small circles of people who you are comfortable around in safe, warm, dry places. once you become a little familiar with a substance, then you can experiment with other possibilities.
don't take if you are already intoxicated by alcohol. i'm not saying fun times can't be had, i'm just saying i've seen a pattern of fun times often not being had.
have some easy to eat snacks and tasty beverages available.
experiment with different lighting and music.
and most of all, don't take anything too seriously!
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"cosmic love is ruthless and highly indifferent:
it teaches its lessons whether you them or not."
john c. lily
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edited by (05/18/14 pm)
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"what did you do to my legs, you nazi walrus bastard"
post extras: | pliz rɛd ðɪs poʊst ˈkɛrfəli: ɪf ju poʊst ˈrɔŋli jʊr poʊst wɪl bi riˈmuvd, ɪf ju rɪˈpitɪdli poʊst ˈrɔŋli ju meɪ bi ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli bɑrd frəm ˈpoʊstɪŋ ɪn ðɪs θrɛd. ðɪs θrɛd ɪz fər ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk ˈvɛtərənz tɪ poʊst ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl ədˈvaɪs tɪ ˈnɑvəs ˈtrɪpərz. ɪt ɪz nɑt ə θrɛd wɛr ju æsk ədˈvaɪs, ər dəˈbeɪt θɪŋz, ðɪs ɪz ə θrɛd kənˈteɪnɪŋ ʤɪst ədˈvaɪs frəm ˈtrɪpərz huv bɪn əraʊnd ðə blɑk ənd wɔnt tɪ hɛlp bɪˈgɪnərz əˈvɔɪd ˈpɪtˌfɔlz ənd siz ˈgoʊldən ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ðət maɪt nɑt bi ˈɑbviəs tɪ ðɛm. kwoʊt: ˈpoʊstɪŋ rulz: 1 ˈoʊnli poʊst ɪn ðɪs θrɛd wɪn ju hæv mɔr ðən 5 jɪrz ˈtrɪpɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd hæv hæd mɔr ðən 10 trɪps ɪn ðət taɪm ˈpɪriəd. 2 stɑrt ðə poʊst baɪ ˈsteɪtɪŋ ðə əˈprɑksəˌmeɪt ˈnəmbər əv jɪrz ju trɪp ənd haʊ ˈmɛni trɪps ju ˈɛstəˌmeɪt tɪ hæv hæd. ɪf ju doʊnt du ðɪs, jʊr poʊst meɪ bi riˈmuvd ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ɛz wi du nɑt wɔnt ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən bət ˈækʧəwəl ˈvɛtərən ədˈvaɪs frəm ˈækʧəwəl ˈvɛtərənz. 3 pərˈsid tɪ gɪv jʊr ədˈvaɪs. ju meɪ meɪk ˈməltəpəl poʊsts θruaʊt ðə θrɛd ɪf ju hæv mɔr ədˈvaɪs tɪ ʃɛr, bət stɑrt ɪt ɔf baɪ ˈsteɪtɪŋ jʊr 2 ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈlɛvəl ˈɛvəri taɪm. 4 du nɑt rɪˈplaɪ tɪ poʊsts, du nɑt æsk kˈwɛsʧənz, ˈsɪmpli steɪt jʊr ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈlɛvəl ənd ədˈvaɪs ər stɪk tɪ ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə θrɛd ˈoʊnli. rɪˈplaɪ ənd kˈwɛʃən poʊsts wɪl ˈʤɛnərəli bi riˈmuvd. 5 ðiz rulz ər ˈsɪmpəl; rɪˈpit əˈfɛndərz meɪ bi bɑrd frəm ˈpoʊstɪŋ əˈgɛn ɪn ðɪs θrɛd, ðɪs wɪl bi ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt. ˈvɛtərənz, lɛts hɛlp aʊt səm ˈnuˌbi ˈtrɪpərz klɪk wən sərʧ ˈɪnʤən səˈpɔrt ˈtɪkɪts stɔr saɪˈkoʊsəs, synchronicities*, ˈʃeɪməˌnɪzm ðə ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl ˈjuˌnaɪt, shroomerite*! əˈgri ənd dɪsəˈgri boʊθ wʊd ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ə ˈbɛtər. poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: 1 rɪˈlæks 2 ˈnɛvər fərˈgɛt ðət wət ɪz ˈhæpənɪŋ ɪz ˈtɛmpərˌɛri 3 rɪˈlæks 4 ɪt ɪz ˈnɔrməl fər jʊr feɪs tɪ bi sɔr frəm sˈmaɪlɪŋ fər 8 aʊərz 5 rɪˈlæks 6 ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðɛr ɪz trɪˈmɛndəs ˈəˌprɔr bɪˈhaɪnd jʊr aɪz moʊst ˈpipəl kænt tɛl. ˈtrɪpərz kən tɛl wɪn ˈsəmˌbɑdi ɪz ˈtrɪpɪŋ bət moʊst ˈpipəl ˈkænɑt. 7 rɪˈlæks ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈlɛvəl: ˈoʊvər 40 jɪrz ənd wɛl ˈoʊvər ə ˈhənərd trɪps ˈɛdɪtɪd baɪ piɛm) poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈlɛvəl: aɪ hæv trɪpt sɪns 1993 ənˈtɪl naʊ, ˈdʊrɪŋ wɪʧ taɪm aɪ hæd ˈprɑbəˌbli ə ˈkəpəl ˈhənərd ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk ˈsɛʃənz ənd ˈsɛvərəl ˈhənərd ˈdoʊsɪz. ədˈvaɪs: fərst ənd ˈfɔrˌmoʊst, "fulz goʊ ˈrəʃɪŋ ɪn"., ˈivɪn ɪn smɔl ˈdoʊsɪz, kən hæv ən ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ ˈifɛkt ɔn ju fər gʊd ər bæd, ənd ðə nɛkst taɪm bi kəmˈplitli ˈbɔrɪŋ ɪn ðə seɪm ˈdoʊsɪʤ. doʊnt bi ˌkævəˈlɪr əˈbaʊt jʊr ˈdoʊsɪz, nɑt æt fərst. stɑrt ril smɔl ənd wərk jʊr weɪ əp sˈloʊli. ˈmɛni bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ˈtrɪpərz teɪk tu haɪ ˈdoʊsɪz tu ˈərli ɪn ðɛr ˈjusɪʤ, ər ˈsədənli ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmd baɪ ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪti ðeɪ hæv nɑt jɛt ˈlərnɪd tɪ ˈhændəl ər əˈpriʃiˌeɪt, ənd ðɪs ˈɔfən ɛndz ɪkˌspɛrəmənˈteɪʃən, wɪθ ə ˈʃɑkɪŋ ənˈplɛzənt ɪkˈspɪriəns. doʊnt lɛt ðət bi ju. du ˈprɑpər ˈrisərʧ əv ðə drəgz əv jʊr ˈɪntəˌrɛst ˌbiˈfɔr ˈpərʧəsɪŋ ənd ˌɪnˈʤɛstɪŋ ðɛm. greɪt saɪts tɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm ju ər ðə (də) ənd bluelight*. fər, aɪ wʊd ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd tɪ stɑrt aʊt wɪθ græmz əv), ðə moʊst ˈkɑmən ˈməʃrum, ənd ɪf jʊd laɪk səm mɔr ən aʊər ənd ə hæf ˈleɪtər ðɛn ˈædɪŋ ðə seɪm əˈmaʊnt əˈgɛn. ə ˈsɪmpəl rul əv θəm ɪz ðət ˈdəbəlɪŋ ˈɛni doʊs əv ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk wɪl rɪˈzəlt ɪn nɑt ʤɪst ən ˌɪnˌtɛnsɪfəˈkeɪʃən əv ˈifɛkts, bət ðə əˈpɪrəns əv kəmˈplitli nu ˈifɛkts ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðət. ɪf ju trɪpt ɔn græm, 3 græmz ɪz ˈɔlˌmoʊst laɪk ə ˈdɪfərənt drəg. aɪ ˈstrɔŋli ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd ˈjuzərz əv tɪ kip ðɛr fərst 10 trɪps bɪˈloʊ ɑz əv ˈməʃrumz. ən eɪθ ɪz fər moʊst ˈpipəl ən ɪkˈstrimli strɔŋ ˈdoʊsɪʤ. fər ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi, stɑrt aʊt wɪθ ə kˈwɔrtər tɪ ə hoʊl ˈblɑtər ər ənd ˌdɪˈsaɪd ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ teɪk ə ˈbustər əv ðə seɪm saɪz 2 aʊərz ˈæftər ˈdoʊsɪŋ. ə kwərk əv ɪz ðət ɪf ju stɑrt aʊt ənd teɪk ðə seɪm doʊs ˈɛvəri taɪm, ðə drəg wɪl tɛnd tɪ bɪˈkəm mɔr ˌɪnˈtɛns, mɔr ˈkɑmplɛks ənd mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ iʧ taɪm. ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz ju lərn tɪ trɪp, ənd ɛz ju lərn, mɔr bɪˈkəmz ˈpɑsəbəl ər noticable*. ðɪs kən ˈɔlsoʊ min ðət ə ˈgɪvɪn doʊs bɪˈkəmz tu məʧ. ɪn ðət keɪs, bæk ɪt daʊn. "tu məʧ" ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk ɪz ə ˈvɛri bæd ˈfilɪŋ fər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɔl ˈpipəl. haʊ ˈɔfən tɪ juz? aɪ ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd wəns ˈɛvəri mənθs. lɛs ˈɔfən ɪz faɪn, bət mɔr ˈɔfən wɪl lɛd tɪ ju ˈluzɪŋ ðə ˈmæʤɪk. mi aɪ juzd əˈbaʊt ə jɪr fər 21 jɪrz ɔn ˈævərɪʤ, ənd ɪts mɔr ˈbjutəfəl ənd ˈkɑmplɛks ðən ˈɛvər. ðə ˈmæʤɪk ɪz ɔl stɪl ðɛr. ɪf ju əˈbjuz ɪt ˈhɛvəli ðoʊ, ðə ˈmæʤɪk kən bi lɔst ˈoʊvər ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈsəmər ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ. wət ə ˈpɪti. ðə bɛst pleɪs tɪ juz ɪz ˈiðər æt hoʊm ər ɪn ˈneɪʧər, wɛr ju woʊnt bi dɪˈstərbd. fər bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ˈtrɪpərz wɪθ lɛs ðən 10 ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz aɪ ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd tɪ hæv ə frɛnd ˈprɛzənt tɪ tɔk ju ənd jʊr ˈtrɪpɪŋ friend(s*) daʊn. ər aɪˈdil fər ðɪs, ðeɪ tɛnd tɪ bi kɑm ənd ər nɑt ˈizəli bɔrd. ðə bɛst ˈnəmbər əv ˈpipəl tɪ hæv ˈprɛzənt ɪn ðə ˈsɛʃən ɪz aɪ ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd ju tɪ groʊ jʊr oʊn ˈməʃrumz, groʊ jʊr oʊn sæn ˈpeɪdroʊ ˈkæktəs ənd tɪ gɪt ˈæktɪv ɪn kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə səˈplaɪ əv fər ˈjɔrsɛlf ənd frɛndz. ðɛr ər ðət ər stɪl ˈligəl. ɪf ju kriˈeɪt ə stæʃ, aɪ ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd tɪ stæʃ ə ˈmɪnəməm əv 100 ˈdoʊsɪz kəmˈbaɪnd əv ˈvɛrid. ðɪs wɪl gɪv ju pis əv maɪnd fər jɪrz tɪ kəm ənd kips ju əˈweɪ frəm ˈdilərz ənd ðə lɔ. ɪt fər naʊ. trɪp ˈkɛrfəli! klɪk wən sərʧ ˈɪnʤən səˈpɔrt ˈtɪkɪts stɔr saɪˈkoʊsəs, synchronicities*, ˈʃeɪməˌnɪzm ðə ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl ˈjuˌnaɪt, shroomerite*! əˈgri ənd dɪsəˈgri boʊθ wʊd ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ə ˈbɛtər. poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: wət ə gʊd aɪˈdiə! maɪ fərst trɪp ɪz 10 jɪrz əˈgoʊ. ɪts hɑrd fər mi tɪ ˈriˌkɔl haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz aɪ dɪd ˈsəmθɪŋ bət aɪl traɪ tɪ bi ɛz kərˈɛkt ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. ɪt tʊk mdma(xtc*) amfetamine(speed*) ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi ˈmɛskəˌlin 4 hoʊ mæθ 4 koʊˈkeɪn hæˈʃiʃ ˈɛvəri deɪ aɪ hæv əˈlɑt ɪkˈspɪriəns traɪɪŋ ˈdɪfərənt ˈkɛmɪkəlz ənd wət tɪ mi wɑz ðət aɪ ˈɛndɪd ɪn ə psychoses*. maɪ ədˈvaɪs ɪz doʊnt trɪp tɪ məʧ. wənz ˈɛvəri naʊ ənd ðɛn ɪz fən bət ɪf ɪts ə ðɛn wɔʧ aʊt. teɪk kɛr ˈæftər ˈjɔrsɛlf ju hæv ˈoʊnli wən breɪn ənd pliz doʊnt dɪˈstrɔɪ ɪt. əˈspɛʃəli wɪn jʊr jəŋ (ˈəndər 18 jʊr breɪn ,əˈspɛʃəli jʊr priˈfrəntəl ˈkɔrtɛks, ɪz stɪl dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ənd ju ˈbɛtər steɪ əˈweɪ frəm ənˈtɪl jʊr 22 jʊr goʊɪŋ tɪ trɪp ˈɛniˌweɪ ðɛn ðɛr ər ə fju ˈsɪmpəl rulz ju kən teɪk ɪn əˈkaʊnt. ˈnɛvər trɪp ɪf jʊr. du ɪt ɪn ə seɪf inviremont*. priˈpɛr wɛl soʊ jʊr sɛt ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ ər ˈpərˌfɪkt. ˌɪnˈvaɪt ðə raɪt frɛndz ju doʊnt wɔnt tɪ trɪp wɪθ ˈsəmˌbɑdi ju doʊnt ˈrɪli laɪk. jʊr nɑt ʃʊr ɔn wəts goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈhæpən ˌɪnˈvaɪt ə frɛnd hu steɪz ˈsoʊbər soʊ ju ˈɔlˌweɪz hæv hu lʊks ˈoʊvər ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ən kən tɛl wɪn ˈsəmθɪŋ ɪz rɔŋ ər nɑt. meɪk ʃʊr ðət ˈɛvriˌbɑdi həz ˈteɪkən ðə seɪm ˈsəbstəns bɪˈkəz wɪn wən ˈpɑrti fər ɪgˈzæmpəl teɪks ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi ənd ðə ˈəðər ˈpɑrti teɪks ju wɪl gɪt ˈdɪfərənt vaɪbz ənd ðət kən bi ɔn ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm ɔf jʊr trɪp. ɪf ɪts ə nu ˈsəbstəns fər ju ˈɔlˌweɪz teɪk hæf fərst du ju fil gʊd teɪk ðə ˈəðər hæf ˈleɪtər. ənd maɪ læst tɪp meɪk ʃʊr ju noʊ wət jʊr ˌɪnˈʤɛstɪŋ!!! ðɛr ər wɪθ bət ˈɔlsoʊ wɪθ seɪm fər. doʊnt fərˈgɛt tɪ brɪŋ ˈkændəlz bərn ˌɪnˈsɛns ənd tɪ brɪŋ jʊr ˈblæŋkəts! hæv ə seɪf flaɪt! pis ˈɛdɪtɪd baɪ piɛm) poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: aɪ hæd maɪ fərst trɪp 6 jɪrz əˈgoʊ ənd ɪn ðət taɪm aɪ hæv lɔst træk əv ðə ˈnəmbər əv taɪmz aɪ hæv ˈteɪkən, ˈoʊvər 50 taɪmz wʊd bi ə seɪf ˈɛstəˌmeɪt. ðə meɪn pis əv ədˈvaɪs aɪ kən gɪv tɪ ˈnuˌbi ˈtrɪpərz ɪz tɪ bi rɪˈspɛktfəl əv ðə ˈsəbstənsɪz ju ər goʊɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈʤɛst, ðə weɪ ju wʊd rɪˈspɛkt ə waɪld ˈænəməl. doʊnt traɪ tɪ aʊt du ˈəðər ˈpipəl, doʊnt traɪ tɪ teɪk ðə haɪəst doʊs, du nɑt teɪk ðɛm tɪ hæv ə gʊd taɪm æt ə ˈpɑrti. aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ðiz ər ðə meɪn weɪz tɪ hæv ə bæd trɪp, ənd ˈivɪn ɪf ju doʊnt ju hæv nɑt geɪnd ɛz məʧ ɛz ju kʊd frəm ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns. ɪt ərks mi tɪ noʊ ɛnd tɪ hir ˈpipəl ˈbrægɪŋ əˈbaʊt wət ˈlɛvəl trɪp ðeɪ riʧt ər ˈtɛlɪŋ ˈpipəl əˈbaʊt ðə rɪˈdɪkjələs əˈmaʊnt ðeɪ ˌɪnˈʤɛstəd. səm wɪl dɪsəˈgri wɪθ mi, ənd ðɪs ɪz ʤɪst maɪ əˈpɪnjən bət aɪ θɪŋk ðə loʊər, mɔr ˈrizənəbəl ˈdoʊsɪz ər mɔr ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl ðən ˈgɪtɪŋ fəkt aʊt əv jʊr maɪnd ɔn ə tɛn strɪp əv ˈæsəd. jʊr ˈsoʊbər sɛlf kænt rɪˈleɪt tɪ jʊr ˈsupər ˈsupər ˈsupər haɪ aʊt əv jʊr maɪnd sɛlf æt ɔl, soʊ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ju ˈlərnɪd filz aʊt əv riʧ wəns ju ˈsoʊbər əp əˈgɛn (ðɪs ɪz maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns) ðoʊ ðɪs ɪz 101 jʊr ˈmaɪndˌsɛt ənd ðə ˈækʧəwəl pleɪs ju ər wɪn ˈtrɪpɪŋ hæv ə juʤ ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn jʊr ɪkˈspɪriəns. aɪ θɪŋk ju ʃʊd plæn ɪn ədˈvæns ənd ˈmɛnəli priˈpɛr ˈjɔrsɛlf fər jʊr fərst trɪp. bæd trɪps ər ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl, bət ðeɪ ər nɑt ˈrɪli soʊ bæd. doʊnt bi əˈfreɪd əv ðɛm. ju ər ʤɪst ənˈkəmfərtəbəl ˈtrɪpɪŋ fər ə ˈsərtən əˈmaʊnt əv taɪm, ənd ɪt wɪl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ɛnd. ju kən meɪk ɪt ɛnd ˈsunər baɪ nɑt ˈmeɪkɪŋ θɪŋz wərs fər ˈjɔrsɛlf, steɪɪŋ ʧɪl, ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. ˈɔlˌweɪz rɪˈmɛmbər ðət ju ər ɔn drəgz, ju dɪd ðɪs tɪ ˈjɔrsɛlf, ənd noʊ ˈmætər wət θɪŋz wɪl bi ˈoʊˈkeɪ ənd bæk tɪ ˈnɔrməl ɪn ə fju aʊərz. bæd trɪps ər ɪkˈstrimli ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl, ɛz ˈlərnɪŋ ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt θɪŋz əˈbaʊt ˈjɔrsɛlf ənd ˈfeɪsɪŋ ðə koʊld hɑrd truθ kən bi ənˈplɛzənt ənd ɪt kən meɪk ju fil ˈʃɪˌti, bət ðə θɪŋz ju lərn ər ˈpraɪsləs. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ju kən lɛt goʊ əv səm ˈtrɔmə ər peɪn ənd ɪt səks goʊɪŋ θru bət ˈæftərwərd jʊr laɪf kən bi soʊ məʧ ˈbɛtər. bi riˈspɑnsəbəl wɪθ drəgz. bi ˈkɛrfəl hu ju gɪt ðɛm frəm, bi ˈkɛrfəl hu ju gɪv ðɛm tɪ, bi ˈkɛrfəl wət ju pʊt ɪn jʊr ˈbɑdi, bi ˈkɛrfəl haʊ məʧ ju pʊt ɪn jʊr ˈbɑdi. du nɑt meɪk ə bæd neɪm fər. ðeɪ ər nɑt ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd baɪ ˈɛnibədi, ənd ðɛr ər ˈnɛvər ˈɛni ˌgɛrənˈtiz, ənd noʊ wən ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ seɪv ju ɪf ju doʊnt θɪŋk θɪŋz θru ənd meɪk ə ˈstupɪd dɪˈsɪʒən. ɛr ɔn ðə saɪd əv ˈkɔʃən. poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: rɪˈmɛmbər: ju ər goʊɪŋ tɪ daɪ, bət nɑt frəm ðə drəgz, ɪkˈsɛpt ɪf ju ər ˈteɪkɪŋ lɑrʤ əˈmaʊnts əv səm rc's*. poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: aɪ ˈjuʒəwəli gɪv ˈprɪti gʊd ədˈvaɪz soʊ aɪl ʤɪst ˈkɑpi ˌmaɪˈsɛlf frəm ðɪs θrɛd ðə wən pis əv ədˈvaɪz aɪ hæv tɪ gɪv ɪz doʊnt traɪ tɪ rɪˈzɪst ðə trɪp. ju hæv tɪ sərˈɛndər ˈjɔrsɛlf ənd trəst ðə ˈməʃrumz. ɪts wɪn ˈpipəl gɪt tɪ ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə doʊs jʊr ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðət ðə bæd trɪp kən ˈhæpən, ənd ðət ɪz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌjunəˈvərsəli kɔzd baɪ rɪˈzɪstɪŋ ɪt ər traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk ɪt stɑp, wɪʧ ɪz nɑt ən ˈɔpʃən. tɪ du kriˈeɪtɪv ˈraɪtɪŋ ju wɔnt ə loʊ doʊs nɑt ə ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk doʊs, ˈsɪmələr tɪ jʊr ɪkˈspɪriəns. ɪf ju it ən ər 5 græmz ju ər ˈɪntu ðə ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk reɪnʤ. ju maɪt bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈrɛkərd səm θɔts wɪθ ə teɪp rɪˈkɔrdər ər rɪˈkɔrdər, bət ju woʊnt bi ˈraɪtɪŋ wɪθ ə juˈtɛnsəl. "ɪf ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃənz bi dɪˈstrɔɪd, wət kən ðə ˈraɪʧəs ˈsɑləmən ənd ðɛr wɑz wɔr ɪn ˈhɛvən: ˈmaɪkəl ənd hɪz ˈeɪnʤəlz fɔt əˈgɛnst ðə ˈdrægən; ənd ðə ˈdrægən fɔt ənd hɪz ˈeɪnʤəlz, poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: http://howtousepsychedelics.org*/ ˈtrɪpɪŋ fər 10 jɪrz, sɔ ðə laɪt ənd ˈɛvər sɪns ɪts bɪn ə pɑrt əv maɪ laɪf. maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns ˌɪnˈkludz ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi, ˈməʃrum, ˈkæktəs,,,,, ə vərˈaɪəti əv ˈəðərz ɛz wɛl. ɪf ju nid tɪ breɪk ɪt daʊn: ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi 6 məʃ 15 ˈkæktəs 6 20 30 8 4 ˌəndərˈstænd waɪ ju ər hir. wət həz brɔt ju tɪ ðɪs ˈfɔrəm? jʊr laɪf ɪz ˈgaɪdɪŋ ju hir fər ə ˈrizən. ˈwɛðər jʊr ˈkjʊriəs, ə party-goer*, ɔn ə ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl pæθ ər drəg əˈbjuzər jʊr hir fər ə ˈrizən. ər ˈpaʊərfəl tulz wɪθ ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl strɛŋθ. ðeɪ kən teɪk ju daʊn tɪ jʊr bɛr boʊnz ɪn ə ˈmætər əv ˈmɪnəts ənd wɪn jʊr ðɛr ju ʃʊr ɛz hɛl kən ɪkˈspɛkt ðoʊz ˈɪʃuz tɪ kəm əp. ˈjuzɪŋ drəgz laɪk ðɪs kən jʊr laɪf ənd ʃoʊ ju wət ju nid tɪ fɪks tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈbæləns ɪn jʊr laɪf. ˈhævɪŋ ðɪs ˈhæpən fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn ə ˈpɑrti ˈsɛtɪŋ kən kɔz ə lɔt əv keɪɑs ənd æŋˈzaɪəti. ɛz ə pɑrˈtɪsəpənt ɪn ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk drəgz ju ər ˈsɛtɪŋ ən ɪgˈzæmpəl fər ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls. ju nid tɪ bi rɪˈspɛktfəl əv ðə drəgz ənd əv ɔl ˈpipəl bɪˈkəz ðiz drəgz ər mɛnt fər ˈɛvriˌwən tɪ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ. hæv jʊr trɪps, gʊd ənd bæd, ənd lərn jʊr ˈlɛsənz. ˈɛdɪtɪd baɪ piɛm) poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: maɪ fərst trɪp wɑz 5 jɪrz əˈgoʊ ənd aɪ hæv ˈizəli ˈteɪkən 175 trɪps sɪns ðɛn, ənd moʊst əv ðoʊz wər ɪn ðə jɪr dɪˈrɛkli ˈæftər ðə jɪr wɪn aɪ fərst traɪd. maɪ ˈbɪgəst pis əv ədˈvaɪs ɪz ðɪs: du nɑt trɪp tu ˈɔfən. ɔl tu ˈmɛni ˈpipəl rɛd əˈbaʊt haʊ ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ "luz ðə ˈmæʤɪk" bət ðeɪ doʊnt hɛd ˈəðər ˈpipəlz ˈwɔrnɪŋz. aɪ kən tɛl ju fərst hænd ɪt ɪz moʊst ˈdɛfənətli tru. fər ə waɪl aɪ wɑz ˈtrɪpɪŋ tu taɪmz ə wik, fər ˈnɪrli ə jɪr ənd baɪ ðə taɪm aɪ stɑpt aɪ ˈtruli fɛlt ðət aɪ dɪd nɑt ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ. ˈæftər əˈbaʊt ə jɪr haɪˈeɪtəs aɪ sˈloʊli keɪm bæk, bət ðɪs taɪm rɪˈspɛktɪd ˈrəðər ðən əˈbjuzd ðə ˈsəbstəns ənd bɪn ˈtrɪpɪŋ taɪmz pər jɪr sɪns aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd əˈgɛn. sɪns ˈjuzɪŋ wɪθ rɪˈspɛkt aɪ faɪnd ðət aɪ æm ˈtruli ˌɛnˈʤɔɪɪŋ ðɛm əˈgɛn əˈnəðər pis əv ədˈvaɪs aɪ hæv ɪz ðɪs: traɪ du dɪˈvɛləp jʊr oʊn ˈrɪʧuəlz ənd ˈkoʊpɪŋ ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəmz fər ðə taɪmz ju du trɪp. ˈtrɪpɪŋ kən bi kwaɪt ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪtɪŋ æt taɪmz ənd ɪt kən hɛlp tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ wət fɪrz ər ˈræʃənəl ənd wət ˈɑrənt. ˈɔlsoʊ biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ˈwɛðər ju wɔnt tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ər əkˈsɛpt ðə θɪŋ ju ər ˈfɪrɪŋ ɪz ə gʊd skɪl tɪ juz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, seɪ ju ər əˈfreɪd ðət ə kɑp ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ pʊl ðə ˈkɔrnər əv ðə strit jʊr ˈstændɪŋ ɔn ənd ərˈɛst ju. wɛl ˌdɪˈsaɪd ˈwɛðər ðət ɪz ə ˈræʃənəl fɪr ər ʤɪst ɪn jʊr maɪnd. ɪf ju ˌdɪˈsaɪd ðət ɪt ɪz ˈræʃənəl, ðə nɛkst ˈlɑʤɪkəl stɛp ɪz tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ˈwɛðər ju wɔnt tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ɪt ər əkˈsɛpt ɪt. ju kən ʧeɪnʤ ɪt baɪ ˈmuvɪŋ tɪ ə nu loʊˈkeɪʃən, ər ju kən əkˈsɛpt ɪt ɛz ə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ju kən lɪv wɪθ ənd kənˈtɪnju ˈstændɪŋ ðɛr. ðoʊz tu θɪŋz hæv bɪn ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɪn maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns wid səks; it. poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: wɛl, lɛts si... ðɪs ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ə fən "trɪp" daʊn ˈmɛməri leɪn! pən ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd. ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk krəˈdɛnʃəlz ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə 12 jɪrz ɔn ənd ɔf) ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi 10 taɪmz) frəm həˈwaɪən ˈbeɪbi 4 taɪmz) sæn ˈpeɪdroʊ ɛkˈstrækʃən (ˈmɛskəˌlin hæf ə ˈdəzən taɪmz) ˌsaɪləˈsaɪbən ˈməʃrumz, streɪnz (ˈkəpəl ˈdəzən taɪmz) ɪn fɔrm (ˈoʊnli wəns, ðət wɑz ˈplɛnti) (twaɪs) 3 taɪmz) pjʊr, ˈɑkə ˈmɑli 3 taɪmz), ˈpaʊdər (hæf ə ˈdəzən taɪmz) ˈsælviə (lif tɪ ˈstændərˌdaɪzd ˈɛkˌstrækt, ˈdəzən+ taɪmz) ædˈvɛnʧərz ˈnɪtrəs ˈɑkˌsaɪd (hæf ə ˈdəzən taɪmz ər soʊ) koʊˈkeɪn (ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl greɪd, ə ˈkəpəl ˈdəzən taɪmz ər soʊ) ˈoʊpiəts (ˈhənərdz əv taɪmz ˈjuzɪŋ tɪ ənd bɪɔnd) (fju ˈdəzən taɪmz, əˈspɛʃəli ˈvæˌliəm, ˈzænæks, klonopin*) (traɪ ənd faɪt ðə slip ənd ˈwɪrdnəs ɪnˈsuz, twaɪs) (hæf ə ˈdəzən taɪmz, frəm ə ˈtrəstɪd ˌjʊrəˈpiən sɔrs) æmˈfɛtəˌmin, ˌmɛθæmˈfɛtəmin (frəm tɪ kræŋk, taɪmz) naʊ ðət wiv ɪˈstæblɪʃt maɪ ˈboʊnə faɪdz, səm ədˈvaɪs fər tɪ ðə drəg sin. ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk tɛn kəˈmændmənts 1 ɛz seɪ əˈbaʊt, ə ˈlɪtəl wɔrmz ðə hɑrt, tu məʧ bərnz ðə soʊl. aɪ ədˈvaɪz ˈpipəl nɑt tɪ trɪp mɔr ðən wəns ˈɛvəri mənθs, ər ju meɪ bi ɪn ˈdeɪnʤər əv nɑt ˈædəkwɪtli riˈspɛktɪŋ ðə paʊər əv ðiz ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ˈkɛmɪkəlz. 2 ɪf ju hæv dɪˈprɛʃən, baɪˈpoʊlər ˈspɛktrəm dɪˈsɔrdərz, ər ˈɛni ˈsɪriəs ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ ˈɪʃuz, ðɪs ɪz nɑt ðə stəf fər ju, maɪ frɛnd. ˈjumən ˈmɛntəl ˈkɛmɪstri ɪz ˈfræʤəl, ənd ðiz ˈkɛmɪkəlz kən meɪk ən ənˈsteɪbəl ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈbæləns tɪp ˈɪntu ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈɛriəz. aɪ hæv sin baɪˈpoʊlər frɛndz bɪˈkəm ənˈhɪnʤd bɪˈkəz əv ə ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk ɪkˈspɪriəns, wən frɛnd, ə ˈfɔrmər 'ˈkətər," bɪˈgæn tɪ kət hərˈsɛlf əˈgɛn ˈæftər tɛn jɪrz əv biɪŋ ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈsteɪbəl. aɪ hæv ˈɔlsoʊ noʊn ˈpipəl hu hæd ˈmænɪʤd ðɛr dɪˈprɛʃən wɛl fər 5 jɪrz, bət ˈæftər ðeɪ tʊk ˈməʃrumz, ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi, ˈɛkstəsi, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə, ðeɪ fɛl ˈɪntu ə dip dɪˈprɛsɪv ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd. ʤɪst bɪˈkəz ju hæv bɪn ˈsteɪbəl ˈleɪtli ˈdəzənt min ɪt ɪz seɪf tɪ ˈɔltər jʊr breɪn ˈkɛmɪstri. waɪ ruɪn ə gʊd θɪŋ? 3 ɪf ju ər goʊɪŋ tɪ teɪk ə trɪp, ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ɪn ə gʊd mud, ɪn ə gʊd pleɪs ˈfɪzɪkəli, ənd ə gʊd pleɪs ˈmɛnəli. ðɪs ɪz əv ˈətˌmoʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns. ˈivɪn ɪkˈspɪriənst kən kræʃ ənd bərn ɪf ðeɪ ˈɑrənt ɪn ə gʊd hɛd speɪs. bæd trɪp 4 ˈɔlˌweɪz hæv ə ˈsoʊbər frɛnd ˈprɛzənt. nɑt ɔn ðə foʊn, nɑt daʊn ðə strit. ˈprɛzənt, ɪn ðə haʊs wɪθ ju. 5 doʊnt goʊ tɪ ˈpəblɪk ˈpleɪsɪz ənˈtɪl ju hæv ə fju trɪps ˈəndər jʊr bɛlt wɪθ ðə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈsəbstəns ju wɪl bi ˈteɪkɪŋ. 6 ˈɔlˌweɪz ɛr ɔn ðə saɪd əv ˈkɔʃən. aɪ wʊd ˈrəðər ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ər ə frɛnd 100 taɪmz ðən gɪv ˈsəmˌwən tu məʧ ˈivɪn ʤɪst wəns. ˈəndər ˈdoʊsɪŋ kən bi fɪkst, ənd kən ˈivɪn stɪl bi fən ənd ˌɛnˈlaɪtənɪŋ. tu bɪg ə doʊs kən "kræk jʊr ˈpeɪvmənt" soʊ tɪ spik, ənd tərn ju ɔf fər laɪf. 7 doʊnt wɔʧ sæd ər ˈvaɪələnt ˈmuviz, ðət ʃʊd bi ə noʊ ˈbreɪnər. draɪv. ju wɪl bi faɪn, bət ju wɪl ˌɪˈnɛvətəbli hɪt ə 4 ɔn ə ˈtrɪsɪkəl ənd kɪl ɪm. ðæts ˈɔlˌweɪz haʊ ˌɪˈnɛbriˌeɪtəd ˈdraɪvərz wərk. 9 bi ˈɛkstrə ˈkɛrfəl əˈbaʊt ˈdoʊsɪŋ. rɛd əˈbaʊt ˈdoʊsɪŋ ˈlɛvəlz fər jʊr sɛks ənd weɪt, noʊ ˈmætər haʊ məʧ ɪkˈspɪriəns ju hæv wɪθ ðət ər ˈəðər neuro-chemicals*. doʊs ɔn ðə loʊ ɛnd əv ðə ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ˈspɛktrəm. ju ˈnɛvər "ˈrɪli" noʊ haʊ ɪf ðət ˈməʃrum ɪz ˈɛkstrə strɔŋ, ər ðət ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi wɑz dɪˈlutəd ˌɪmˈprɑpərli, ər haʊ pjʊr ðət ɪz. 10 juz ðə ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk skeɪl tɪ ˌpridɪˈtərmən haʊ "hɑrd" ju wɔnt tɪ trɪp. ðɪs skeɪl ˈjuˈɛs ˈsupər ˈjusfəl fər dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ trɪps tɪ ˈəðərz ɪn ðə noʊ, ənd kən hɛlp kip ju fɔrm ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈdoʊsɪŋ mɪˈsteɪks. ɪt ˈreɪnʤɪz frəm ənd iʧ ˈsəbstəns həz ɪts oʊn ˈfleɪvərz əv wət iʧ ˈlɛvəl ɪnˈteɪlz. ˈlɛvəl 1 ɪz ə θˈrɛˌʃoʊld doʊs, maɪld ˈstoʊnɪŋ. ɪz ə θˈrɛˌʃoʊld doʊs, maɪld ˈstoʊnɪŋ. ˈlɛvəl 2 ɪz ə laɪt doʊs, ˈkələrz, ˈvaɪbrənt ˈweɪvi ˈpætərnz, ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv kloʊzd aɪ ˈvɪʒwəlz. ɪz ə laɪt doʊs, ˈkələrz, ˈvaɪbrənt ˈweɪvi ˈpætərnz, ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv kloʊzd aɪ ˈvɪʒwəlz. ˈlɛvəl 3 ɪz ðə ˈstændərd ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk trɪp, fʊl ɔn weɪvz, ˈkələrz ˈoʊpən aɪ ˈvɪʒwəlz, ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti tɪ pərˈfɔrm ˈɛvriˈdeɪ tæsks. ɪz ðə ˈstændərd ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk trɪp, fʊl ɔn weɪvz, ˈkələrz ˈoʊpən aɪ ˈvɪʒwəlz, ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti tɪ pərˈfɔrm ˈɛvriˈdeɪ tæsks. ˈlɛvəl 4 ɪz ə ˈhɛvi doʊs, ðə kaɪnd wɛr ju laɪ ɔn ðə flɔr ənd si θɪŋz ðət ˈɑrənt ðɛr. [*]ˈlɛvəl 5 ɪz wɛr gɑd meɪks ju ə grɪld ʧiz ˈsænwɪʧ, ju luz jʊr ˈigoʊ, ənd bɪˈkəm wən wɪθ ðə ˈjunəˌvərs. ə mɔr dɪˈteɪld ənd ˈhɛlpfəl ɔn ðə ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk skeɪl kən bi faʊnd hir ɔn ðə, ər æt maɪ ˈkɔʃəˌnɛri ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi teɪl ɪn 2004 aɪ tʊk 3 hɪts əv ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi wən naɪt. ən aʊər ˈæftər kənˈsumɪŋ ðɛm, ə frɛnd kɔld ənd sɛd "doʊnt teɪk ðə ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi, ɪt wɑz ˈsupər strɔŋ!" ðət 3 hɪts tərnd aʊt tɪ bi 12 hɪts əv ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi, (ˈrəfli 2500 fər ðoʊz ˈɪntu ˈnəmbərz). aɪ ˈkʊdənt si ðə ril wərld fər ɔl ðə ʤiˈɑmətri ənd ˈmæʤɪk goʊɪŋ ɔn. ˈpipəlz ˈaɪrəsɪz ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd ənd ɔl aɪ sɔ wɑz ˈblæknəs ɪn ðɛr aɪz. aɪ dɪˈreɪld maɪ breɪn ənd wɑz ˈifɛktɪvli "gɔn, ˈbeɪbi gɔn" fər 36 aʊərz. aɪ lɪvd ə ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm ɪn ˈwəndərˌlænd ðət ˈwiˌkɪnd, ənd ˈkʊdənt təʧ ə ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk ˈsəbstəns fər 3 jɪrz, ər wɔʧ ˈɛni ˈvaɪələnt ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ər ˈmuviz fər ə gʊd 18 mənθs wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ ˈprɑbləmz. aɪ wʊd nɑt wɪʃ ðət trɪp ɔn ˈɛniˌwən. ɪkˈsɛpt ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju bʊʃ. jɛs, əm stɪl ˈhoʊldɪŋ ə grəʤ, bʊʃ. maɪ ˈfaɪnəl wərd əv ədˈvaɪs ˈjumən biɪŋz hæv bɪn ˈteɪkɪŋ ðiz ˈsəbstənsɪz fər jɪrz. ɪt ɪz bɪˈkəz ðɛr ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ bi ˈlərnɪd frəm ðɛm. kip ən ˈoʊpən maɪnd, ən ˈoʊpən hɑrt, ənd ˈlɪsən tɪ wət bɪˈkəmz ənˈlɑkt ɪn jʊr oʊn hɛd. doʊnt ʤɪst trɪp tɪ si ˈprɪti ˈkələrz, ər tɪ "gɪt fəkt əp". ðət ɪz ən ˌɪrəˈspɑnsəbəl ənd ˌʃɔrtˈsaɪtəd weɪ əv ˈjuzɪŋ ðiz ˈsəbstənsɪz. ðət ɪz nɑt tɪ seɪ ju kænt ər ˈʃʊdənt traɪ tɪ du fən θɪŋz wɪθ, bət waɪl ju ər ˌɛnˈʤɔɪɪŋ ˈjɔrsɛlf, traɪ tɪ ˈlɪsən tɪ jʊr oʊn səbˈkɑnʃəs, ju ˈrɛrli gɪt ə ʧæns tɪ. naʊ, maɪ padowan*, goʊ ˌɪgˈnɔr ɔl ðɪs ˈwɪzdəm ənd ˈpɑrti laɪk ju wər goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈɛniˌweɪ!!!! naʊ ðət wiv ɪˈstæblɪʃt maɪ ˈboʊnə faɪdz, səm ədˈvaɪs fər tɪ ðə drəg sin.-------------------------------- ˈɛdɪtɪd baɪ piɛm) poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: bɪn ˈtrɪpɪŋ sɪns ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ˈgræʤəˌweɪtɪŋ frəm haɪ skul. bæk ðɛn, ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi wɑz ˈplɛnɪfəl ɪn ˈhjustən ˈɛriə. hæd ən ˈæsəd weɪv ˈlæstɪŋ ˈoʊvər ə jɪr ər soʊ. ɪn ðət taɪm aɪ wɑz duɪŋ ˈæsəd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri ˈwiˌkɪnd. aɪ ləvd ɪt su məʧ, ɪt kˈwɪkli bɪˈkeɪm maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt drəg. ˌbiˈfɔr ðət, wər maɪ drəgz əv ʧɔɪs. kænt tɛl jɑ haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz trɪpt ər haʊ ˈmɛni hɪts əv ˈæsəd ˈteɪkən (ɛz ɪt stɪl goʊz ɔn təˈdeɪ frəm taɪm tɪ taɪm), bət ðə ˈnəmbər ɪz ɪn ðə ˈhənərdz ər ˈərli ˈθaʊzənz. aɪ faɪnd ər ˈizi tɪ ˈhændəl. ju ʤɪst ˈgɑtə bi kɑm ənd hæv ə ˈpɑzətɪv ˈaʊˌtlʊk. 'bæd trɪps' ˈnɔrməli ˈhæpən, ˈrəðər ju maɪt bi ɪn ə bæd mud ənd nɑt ˌɛnˈʤɔɪɪŋ jʊr trɪp. fər mi, ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi lɛd tɪ ɛkˈspɛrəˌmɛntɪŋ wɪθ ənd ˈmɛskəˌlin. ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi ɪz maɪ drəg əv ʧɔɪs, bət jul ˈnɛvər ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈɛniˌθɪŋ laɪk. bɛst ədˈvaɪz aɪ kən gɪv ɪz kip kɑm ənd ˈwəri wɪn ˈteɪkɪŋ. ˈɪtəl ˈoʊpən jʊr maɪnd ənd ʧeɪnʤ jʊr ˈaʊˌtlʊk ɔn laɪf ənd ðə weɪ ju vju θɪŋz. ɪf ju traɪd, ju noʊ wət jʊr ˈmɪsɪŋ. aɪ ˈrɪli ləv goʊɪŋ tɪ reɪvz, bɑrz ənd ˈkɑnsərts waɪl ˈtrɪpɪŋ. ˈɔfən, ɪl ˈkɛri səm hɪts ɪn maɪ ˈpɑkət ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ðə raɪt ˈmoʊmənt tɪ trɪp. ˈnəθɪŋ laɪk ˈteɪkɪŋ ə hɪt, ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ səm bɪr, sˈmoʊkɪŋ səm wid, ˈteɪkɪŋ əˈnəðər hɪt ənd ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ mɔr bɪr. ər ʤɪst ən ɔl raʊnd gʊd taɪm, əˈspɛʃəli ˌɛˌlɛsˈdi. ˈɑnəsti, aɪ noʊ wɛr aɪ wʊd bi wɪˈθaʊt ðɛm. meɪd mi hu aɪ æm təˈdeɪ kwɪt ˈrɛdɪŋ maɪ maɪnd! poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: trɪpt ˈoʊvər 10 jɪrz, ˈsɛvərəl ˈhənərd trɪps sɛt ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ sɛt ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ sɛt ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ sɛt ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ sɛt ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ doʊnt strɛs ˈgɪtɪŋ θɪŋz ˈpərˌfɪkt, ʤɪst doʊnt trɪp ɪf jʊr nɑt ʃʊr əˈbaʊt jʊr sərˈaʊndɪŋz ər jʊr steɪt əv maɪnd. poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: aɪ hæv bɪn ˈtrɪpɪŋ fər 18 jɪrz. aɪ ˈkʊdənt bɪˈgɪn tɪ ˈɛstəˌmeɪt ðə ˈnəmbər əv taɪmz aɪ hæv trɪpt. wɪn aɪ wɑz ɪn maɪ tinz aɪ əˈbjuzd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri drəg ˌɪˈmæʤənəbəl. naʊ ðət əm ɪn maɪ ˈθərtiz aɪ hæv klind əp maɪ laɪf ənd ðə ˈoʊnli drəg aɪ juz ɪz ˈməʃrumz. aɪ θɪŋk ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt θɪŋ tɪ rɪˈmɛmbər wɪn ˈtrɪpɪŋ ɪz ðət sɛt ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ ər ɪkˈstrimli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. meɪk ʃʊr ju ər ˈsəmˌwɛr ju fil seɪf ənd æt iz. doʊnt trɪp əraʊnd drəŋk ˈpipəl. ər ˈpaʊərfəl ənd ʃʊd bi rɪˈspɛktɪd bət doʊnt bi əˈfreɪd əv ðɛm. rɪˈmɛmbər ju ər ʤɪst haɪ, ðə θɪŋz ju ər siɪŋ ər ɔl ɪn jʊr hɛd ənd ɪts ˈtɛmpərˌɛri. ðɛr ɪz noʊ səʧ θɪŋ ɛz ə bæd trɪp. trɪps kən bi ənˈplɛzənt ənd ˈʧælənʤɪŋ bət ɪn maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt trɪps ər ðə moʊst rɪˈwɔrdɪŋ wənz ɪn ðə ɛnd. ɪf ju kən lərn tɪ ʤɪst lɛt goʊ ənd lɛt ðə drəgz ʃoʊ ju wət ju nid tɪ si kən bi laɪf ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ. aɪ teɪk ˈsoʊˌloʊ trɪps ɔn haɪ ˈdoʊsɪz əp tɪ 30 græmz əv ˈvɛri ˈpoʊtənt ˈməʃrumz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri wik ənd ɪt kən bi ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ æt taɪmz bət ɪt həz ˈrɪli hɛlpt mi gɪt tɪ noʊ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ənd sɔrt aʊt maɪ θɔts ənd ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz. doʊnt lʊk æt ɛz ə weɪ tɪ gɪt fəkt əp æt ˈpɑrtiz bət ˈrəðər ɛz ˈpaʊərfəl ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl ˈmɛdəsən. ɪf ju kən du soʊ ˈseɪfli aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈstrɔŋli ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd ˈtrɪpɪŋ ɪn ˈneɪʧər. ˈbɑtəl tɛk ˈlɪkwɪd tɛk poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: 1 ɪt ɪz wərθ ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðət ɪn laɪf wi hæv ˈoʊnli wən maɪnd tɪ moʊld. ɪt wʊd bi waɪz ˈrisərʧ ɪgˈzæktli wət ju ər ˈpʊtɪŋ ɪn jʊr ˈbɑdi ənd ˈɔlsoʊ noʊt ðə ˌædˈvərs ˈifɛkts. noʊt ðə ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈifɛkts, ðə ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈifɛkts. æsk kˈwɛsʧənz. kʊd hɛlp mi? ɪz ðɛr ˈɛni ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti fər lɔŋ tərm ˈdæmɪʤ?, ənd drəgz ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl, hæv ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl tɪ ˈkæpʧər ɑr ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti ənd ˈivɪn pərˈhæps əˈmiljərˌeɪt ɑr lɪvz, bət ɪt ɪz ˌɪnˈdid ə fækt ðət kən hæv ˌædˈvərs ˈifɛkts. kip ɪn maɪnd wət ju ər duɪŋ wɪθ jʊr wən ˈbɑdi. 2 du jʊr drəgz ɪn ə seɪf pleɪs ənd kənˈsɪdər ˈhævɪŋ ə "trɪp ˈsɪtər." ðət ɪz, bi ʃʊr tɪ du jʊr drəgz ˈsəmˌwɛr ˈkəmfərtəbəl ənd seɪf tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr gʊd taɪmz, ənd pərˈhæps brɪŋ əˈlɔŋ ə frɛnd hu kən wɔʧ ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən waɪl ju "filz wɪrd mæn." 3 əˈgɛn, drəgz ər fən, bət soʊ ɪz laɪf. aɪ wɑz wəns swɛpt əp ɪn tu ˈmɛni drəgz ənd aɪ fərˈgɑt əˈbaʊt ˈlɪvɪŋ fər ə ˈmoʊmənt. ɪf ju faɪnd ˈjɔrsɛlf ˈɪrəˌteɪtəd bɪˈkəz ju ər tu broʊk tɪ əˈfɔrd ə tɛn sæk əv ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə ðɛn ju meɪ wɔnt tɪ æsk ˈjɔrsɛlf: waɪ æm aɪ ˈɪrəˌteɪtəd? bi əˈwɛr əv ˈhæbəts. bi əˈwɛr əv wət ˌɪmˈpækt ˈhæbəts kən hæv ɔn jʊr ˈoʊvərˌɔl hɛlθ ənd ˈdeɪli ˈfəŋkʃənɪŋ. ɪt ɪz sæd tɪ si ˈpipəl fləŋk aʊt əv ˈkɑlɪʤ bɪˈkəz əv drəgz. aɪ ˈwɪtnəst ˈmɛni əv maɪ frɛndz du ɪgˈzæktli ðət. ɪt ɪz sæd bɪˈkəz ðɛr bæd ˈhæbəts lɛd ðɛm tɪ feɪl æt ˈsəmθɪŋ ðeɪ ˈwɔntɪd ɪn laɪf. naʊ ɪts jɪrz ˈleɪtər ənd ðeɪ tɛl mi əˈbaʊt ɔl ðɛr rɪˈgrɛt. doʊnt fərˈgɛt əˈbaʊt jʊr ˈoʊvərˌɔl kˈwɑləti əv laɪf. 4 səm əv ðə lɔz ɪn ðɪs ˈkəntri sim ə bɪt ˈbækwərdz ˈsəmˌtaɪmz, bət ðət ˈdəzənt ʧeɪnʤ ðə fækt ðət ðə pəˈlis wɪl kræk daʊn ɔn ju fər ˈbreɪkɪŋ ðə lɔ. kip ɪn maɪnd ðət wɪn ju du ˈsərtən drəgz ju ər ˈrɪskɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ jʊr ˈrɛkərd. ˈivɪn ɪf ðə rɪsk ɪz smɔl, ɪt ɪz ə rɪsk. bi ˈkɛrfəl tɪ teɪk priˈkɔʃənz ənd bi seɪf aʊt ðɛr. doʊnt gɪt ərˈɛstɪd fər sˈmoʊkɪŋ wid ɪn ðə pɑrk wɪn ju kʊd hæv dən ɪt æt hoʊm ɪn ðə gərɑʒ. ˈɛdɪtɪd baɪ æm) poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: ɛz ˈsəmˌwən huz ˈdæbəld ɪn fər 12 jɪrz ər soʊ, aɪl ˈɔfər maɪ shortlist*; 1 ɪt wɪl ɛnd! (rəˈgɑrdləs əv haʊ ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmd ju meɪ gɪt, teɪk ˈkəmfərt ɪn ðə laɪt æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈtənəl) 2 mˈjuzɪk mˈjuzɪk mˈjuzɪk! (traɪ ənd kip ɪt ˈəpˌbit, θɪŋz ju laɪk) 3 ˈnɛvər teɪk ˈɛniˌθɪŋ fər soʊl seɪk əv ˈhævɪŋ ɪt. (ˌspɑntəˈniəti meɪ bi ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl ɪn ˈəðər ˈæˌspɛkts əv laɪf, dɪˈzərv mɔr rɪˈspɛkt ðən ˈdrɑpɪŋ baɪ ˌənəˈnaʊnst) 4 ɛz ˈhoʊki ɛz ɪt saʊnz, ˈpræktɪs ˈbeɪsɪk ˌmɛdəˈteɪʃən, ˈklɪrɪŋ jʊr maɪnd ɪz ən ˌɪnˈvæljəbəl skɪl, ɛz wɛl ɛz ə greɪt tɪ ˈæktɪvli ˈlɪsənɪŋ tɪ jʊr (wɪʧ wɪl bɪˈkəm raʊzd priˈpɛrd ər noʊ) 5 stɑrt smɔl! noʊ dɪk ˈmɛʒərɪŋ wət soʊ ˈɛvər, ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪz wət ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. 6 ʤɪst goʊ wɪθ ɪt. rɪˈzɪstəns ɪz ˌɪnˈdid fˈjutəl, ɛz ˈmɛnʃənd baɪ ˈəðərz ðɪs ɪz ˈjuʒəwəli wɛr ˈnɛgətɪv θɔts stɑrt, əˈgɛn si ˈnəmbər 1 7 ɪf æt hoʊm, kəm əp wɪθ səm dip kˈwɛsʧənz, ənd pʊt ðɛm ɔn ˈstɪki noʊts əraʊnd ðə haʊs, ɛz ju ˈwɑndər, jul si ðɛm ənd ɪt hɛlps kip ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ɪn maɪnd. 8 ˈfaɪnəli ˈrɪli θɪŋk əˈbaʊt hu ju trɪp wɪθ, ɪf ˈɛni ˈnɛgətɪv ər ɔf vaɪbz ər fɛlt, ʤɪst doʊnt du ɪt. sɛd: ənd ðɛr jɑ hæv ɪt foʊks, ə haʊ tɪ teɪm ðət tɛk! ənd ˈæftər ju ˌɪˈnɑkjəˌleɪt bi ʃʊr tɪ kənˈsɑlɪˌdeɪt fər naɪn mənθs ənd bərθ bət dəŋk ɛn roʊl ðɪs ˈkɔzɪz əˈbɔrts wɪθ ðɪs dɪˈrɛkli ɪn ðə feɪs wɪn ˈnidɪd poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: aɪ mit ðə kraɪˈtɪriə, bət ˈɑrgju ɪt ˈoʊnli teɪks wən proʊˈfaʊnd ˌsaɪkəˈdɛlɪk ˈmoʊmənt tɪ əˈproʊpriɪtli ədˈvaɪz ˈəðərz. ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl ɪz proʊˈfaʊnd tɪ ðə pɔɪnt ðət ju ˈkænɑt ˈtruli ˈɛvər bi priˈpɛrd. wɪl hæv fən ər ˈplɛzənt ɪkˈspɪriəns ðət dɪz nɑt ˈsæʧərˌeɪt ˈɛvəri pɑrt əv laɪf. ɪf ðə ðə dɔr flaɪz ˈoʊpən, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ju ər ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ə steɪt əv biɪŋ ənd rɪˈflɛkʃən ðət kʊd læst jʊr ɪnˈtaɪər ɪgˈzɪstəns. ɪts nɑt ɔl ˈreɪnˌboʊz ənd teddybears*. tɪ ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnd ðə bɪˈhaɪnd ðə sinz ʃɪt meɪ nɑt 'fɪt' ˈɪntu ðə laɪf ju ˈkərəntli lɛd.... ɪt ɪz pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈkjʊrətɪv fər ðə ˈtrɔməˌtaɪzd, əˈdɪktɪd ər ɛnd əv ˈlaɪfərz, hu nid tɪ feɪs ðə fækts. fər ə jəŋ ˈpərsən seɪ pərˈpɛrɪŋ fər haɪər ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən, ˈgɪtɪŋ tu ˈmɛni ənd ˈwəndərɪŋ əˈbaʊt 'laɪf' ɪt meɪ nɑt bi æt ɔl wət ju ɪkˈspɛktɪd. doʊnt gɪt ɔl fəkt... ˈməltəˌplaɪd poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: aɪ faɪnd ðə kˈwɑləti əv maɪ trɪps ɪz ˈgreɪtli ɛnˈhænst baɪ duɪŋ ˌmɛdəˈteɪʃən ɔn ə ˈdeɪli ˈbeɪsɪs fər æt list ə fju deɪz praɪər tɪ ðə ˈsɛʃən. aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ laɪk tɪ du səm ˌmɛdəˈteɪʃən ɔn ðə comeup*. teɪk ə dip brɛθ ənd ʤɪst səbˈmɪt. ðɛrz noʊ nid tɪ faɪt ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns. ɪf ju ər ən ˈtrɪpər, ɪt ɪz bɛst tɪ kənˈfaɪn jʊr trɪps tɪ smɔl ˈsərkəlz əv ˈpipəl hu ju ər ˈkəmfərtəbəl əraʊnd ɪn seɪf, wɔrm, draɪ ˈpleɪsɪz. wəns ju bɪˈkəm ə ˈlɪtəl fəˈmɪljər wɪθ ə ˈsəbstəns, ðɛn ju kən ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɪθ ˈəðər ˌpɑsəˈbɪlətiz. doʊnt teɪk ɪf ju ər ɔˈrɛdi ˌɪnˈtɑksɪˌkeɪtɪd baɪ ˈælkəˌhɑl. əm nɑt seɪɪŋ fən taɪmz kænt bi hæd, əm ʤɪst seɪɪŋ aɪv sin ə ˈpætərn əv fən taɪmz ˈɔfən nɑt biɪŋ hæd. hæv səm ˈizi tɪ it snæks ənd ˈteɪsti ˈbɛvrɪʤɪz əˈveɪləbəl. ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɪθ ˈdɪfərənt ˈlaɪtɪŋ ənd mˈjuzɪk. ənd moʊst əv ɔl, doʊnt teɪk ˈɛniˌθɪŋ tu ˈsɪriəsli! "ˈkɑzmɪk ləv ɪz ˈruθləs ənd ˈhaɪli ˌɪnˈdɪfərənt: ɪt ˈtiʧɪz ɪts ˈlɛsənz ˈwɛðər ju ðɛm ər nɑt." ʤɑn si. ˈlɪli poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: poʊst dɪˈlitəd baɪ fər dɪˈliʃən: ˈpɔɪntləs poʊst ˈɛdɪtɪd baɪ piɛm) poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: poʊst dɪˈlitəd baɪ ˈrizən fər dɪˈliʃən: ˈpɔɪntləs poʊst "wət dɪd ju du tɪ maɪ lɛgz, ju ˈnɑtsi ˈwɔlrəs ˈbæstərd" poʊst ˈɛkstrəz: |
marquette heights peggy thomas fulfilled a longstanding expectation when she won $1 million in an illinois lottery game.
the marquette heights resident got the top prize in playing the lotto $300,000,000 cash spectacular game recently.
"i have always had a feeling that someday i would win a million dollars, so i really wasn't shocked when it happened," she said in a news release from the illinois lottery.
she took the one-time payment on her prize $600,000, minus tax withholding and promptly bought new cars for her two sons and her granddaughter, she said, before investing the remainder of her win.
thomas, a lifelong county resident, bought the $10 instant ticket at the shell station at 700 s. main st. in coeur. that facility receives a $10,000 bonus for selling the ticket. hers is one of 35 such top prizes available in the game. | mɑrˈkɛt haɪts ˈpɛgi ˈtɑməs fʊlˈfɪld ə ˈlɔŋˌstændɪŋ ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃən wɪn ʃi wən 1 ˈmɪljən ɪn ən ˌɪləˈnɔɪz ˈlɑtəri geɪm. ðə mɑrˈkɛt haɪts ˈrɛzɪdənt gɑt ðə tɔp praɪz ɪn pleɪɪŋ ðə ˈlɑˌtoʊ kæʃ spɛkˈtækjələr geɪm ˈrisəntli. "aɪ hæv ˈɔlˌweɪz hæd ə ˈfilɪŋ ðət ˈsəmˌdeɪ aɪ wʊd wɪn ə ˈmɪljən ˈdɔlərz, soʊ aɪ ˈrɪli ˈwəzənt ʃɑkt wɪn ɪt ˈhæpənd," ʃi sɛd ɪn ə nuz riˈlis frəm ðə ˌɪləˈnɔɪz ˈlɑtəri. ʃi tʊk ðə ˈwəˌtaɪm ˈpeɪmənt ɔn hər praɪz ˈmaɪnəs tæks wɪθˈhoʊldɪŋ ənd ˈprɑmptli bɔt nu kɑz fər hər tu sənz ənd hər ˈgrænˌdɔtər, ʃi sɛd, ˌbiˈfɔr ˌɪnˈvɛstɪŋ ðə rɪˈmeɪndər əv hər wɪn. ˈtɑməs, ə ˈlaɪˈflɔŋ ˈkaʊnti ˈrɛzɪdənt, bɔt ðə 10 ˈɪnstənt ˈtɪkɪt æt ðə ʃɛl ˈsteɪʃən æt 700 ɛs. meɪn st*. ɪn kur. ðət fəˈsɪlɪti rɪˈsivz ə ˈboʊnəs fər ˈsɛlɪŋ ðə ˈtɪkɪt. hərz ɪz wən əv 35 səʧ tɔp ˈpraɪzɪz əˈveɪləbəl ɪn ðə geɪm. |
steven seagal is now under siege for allegedly acting above the law -- and we're not just throwing around his movie titles.
the action movie star was slapped with a lawsuit this week after using a tank to knock down an arizona man's wall and arrest him, while starring as a deputy for a reality tv show.
when the maricopa county sheriff's office suspected that jesus was raising roosters for, deputies sent in a swat team, a bomb robot and a tank.
llovera, on probation for a previous charge, was surprised when he woke up to a tank demolishing his wall, and even more surprised to see that the driver was seagal, the arizona republic reported.
"i looked up and saw his face,", 43, told the paper. "it was strange."
seagal's camp was filming the melee and's arrest for "steven seagal: lawman." now is trying to get some lethal justice (sorry for all the movie references) by suing both the sheriff and the actor for unspecified damages.
llovera says his hound was shot to death in the arrest, which he claims was made just to boost the show's ratings.
"at the end of it, i realized it was a show," told the paper. "what they showed up for was to make a show, and they made one."
see steven seagal on set at's home in the video below.
the sheriff's office maintains that the arrest would have been made with or without the seagal.
robert campos,'s attorney says it was "still overkill, and that's the whole point" of the lawsuit. | ˈstivən sɪˈgɑl ɪz naʊ ˈəndər siʤ fər əˈlɛʤədli ˈæktɪŋ əˈbəv ðə lɔ ənd wɪr nɑt ʤɪst θroʊɪŋ əraʊnd hɪz ˈmuvi ˈtaɪtəlz. ðə ˈækʃən ˈmuvi stɑr wɑz slæpt wɪθ ə ˈlɔˌsut ðɪs wik ˈæftər ˈjuzɪŋ ə tæŋk tɪ nɑk daʊn ən ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə mænz wɔl ənd ərˈɛst ɪm, waɪl ˈstɑrɪŋ ɛz ə ˈdɛpjəti fər ə ˌriˈæləˌti ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊ. wɪn ðə ˌmɑrɪˈkoʊpə ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs səˈspɛktɪd ðət ˈʤizəs wɑz ˈreɪzɪŋ ˈrustərz fər, ˈdɛpjətiz sɛnt ɪn ə swɑt tim, ə bɔm ˈroʊˌbət ənd ə tæŋk., ɔn proʊˈbeɪʃən fər ə ˈpriviəs ʧɑrʤ, wɑz səˈpraɪzd wɪn hi woʊk əp tɪ ə tæŋk dɪˈmɑlɪʃɪŋ hɪz wɔl, ənd ˈivɪn mɔr səˈpraɪzd tɪ si ðət ðə ˈdraɪvər wɑz sɪˈgɑl, ðə ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə riˈpəblɪk ˌriˈpɔrtəd. "aɪ lʊkt əp ənd sɔ hɪz feɪs,", 43 toʊld ðə ˈpeɪpər. "ɪt wɑz streɪnʤ." kæmp wɑz ˈfɪlmɪŋ ðə ˈmeɪˌleɪ ənd ərˈɛst fər "ˈstivən sɪˈgɑl: ˈlɔmən." naʊ ɪz traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt səm ˈliθəl ˈʤəstɪs (ˈsɑri fər ɔl ðə ˈmuvi ˈrɛfərənsɪz) baɪ suɪŋ boʊθ ðə ˈʃɛrɪf ənd ðə ˈæktər fər ənˈspɛsəˌfaɪd ˈdæmɪʤɪz. sɪz hɪz haʊnd wɑz ʃɑt tɪ dɛθ ɪn ðə ərˈɛst, wɪʧ hi kleɪmz wɑz meɪd ʤɪst tɪ bust ðə ʃoʊz ˈreɪtɪŋz. "æt ðə ɛnd əv ɪt, aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ɪt wɑz ə ʃoʊ," toʊld ðə ˈpeɪpər. "wət ðeɪ ʃoʊd əp fər wɑz tɪ meɪk ə ʃoʊ, ənd ðeɪ meɪd wən." si ˈstivən sɪˈgɑl ɔn sɛt æt hoʊm ɪn ðə ˈvɪdioʊ bɪˈloʊ. ðə ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs meɪnˈteɪnz ðət ðə ərˈɛst wʊd hæv bɪn meɪd wɪθ ər wɪˈθaʊt ðə sɪˈgɑl. ˈrɑbərt ˈkæmpoʊz, əˈtərni sɪz ɪt wɑz "stɪl ˈoʊvərˌkɪl, ənd ðæts ðə hoʊl pɔɪnt" əv ðə ˈlɔˌsut. |
a majority of michigan voters in a new poll worry about president trump having access to the nuclear launch codes.
an poll finds 53 percent of those surveyed are either "very" or "somewhat" worried about trump having access to the codes, the detroit free press reported.
just 38 percent of respondents said they aren't worried at all.
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voters are divided about whether they think trump is mentally stable.
forty-five percent of respondents think the president is mentally stable, compared with 43 percent who disagree.
another 12 percent of respondents are undecided.
the poll also found that 62 percent of michigan voters surveyed have a negative view of trump's job performance.
the poll was conducted from aug. 27 to sept. 1 among 600 likely and active voters in michigan. the margin of error is 4 percent.
the poll comes after north korea said it successfully tested a miniaturized hydrogen bomb capable of fitting on an intercontinental ballistic missile this weekend. trump last month intensified his rhetoric against north korea. | ə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈmɪʃɪgən ˈvoʊtərz ɪn ə nu poʊl ˈwəri əˈbaʊt ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp ˈhævɪŋ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˈnukliər lɔnʧ koʊdz. ən poʊl faɪndz 53 pərˈsɛnt əv ðoʊz ˈsərˌveɪd ər ˈiðər "ˈvɛri" ər "ˈsəmˈwət" ˈwərid əˈbaʊt trəmp ˈhævɪŋ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə koʊdz, ðə ˈdiˌtrɔɪt fri prɛs ˌriˈpɔrtəd. ʤɪst 38 pərˈsɛnt əv rɪˈspɑndənts sɛd ðeɪ ˈɑrənt ˈwərid æt ɔl. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ˈvoʊtərz ər dɪˈvaɪdɪd əˈbaʊt ˈwɛðər ðeɪ θɪŋk trəmp ɪz ˈmɛnəli ˈsteɪbəl. ˈfɔrtiˌfaɪv pərˈsɛnt əv rɪˈspɑndənts θɪŋk ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪz ˈmɛnəli ˈsteɪbəl, kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ 43 pərˈsɛnt hu dɪsəˈgri. əˈnəðər 12 pərˈsɛnt əv rɪˈspɑndənts ər ˌəndɪˈsaɪdɪd. ðə poʊl ˈɔlsoʊ faʊnd ðət 62 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈmɪʃɪgən ˈvoʊtərz ˈsərˌveɪd hæv ə ˈnɛgətɪv vju əv trəmps ʤɑb pərˈfɔrməns. ðə poʊl wɑz kənˈdəktəd frəm ˈɔgəst. 27 tɪ sɛpt. 1 əˈməŋ 600 ˈlaɪkli ənd ˈæktɪv ˈvoʊtərz ɪn ˈmɪʃɪgən. ðə ˈmɑrʤən əv ˈɛrər ɪz 4 pərˈsɛnt. ðə poʊl kəmz ˈæftər nɔrθ ˌkɔˈriə sɛd ɪt səkˈsɛsfəli ˈtɛstɪd ə ˈmɪnɪʧərˌaɪzd ˈhaɪdrəʤən bɔm ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˈfɪtɪŋ ɔn ən ˌɪntərˌkɑntəˈnɛntəl bəˈlɪstɪk ˈmɪsəl ðɪs ˈwiˌkɪnd. trəmp læst mənθ ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪˌfaɪd hɪz ˈrɛtərɪk əˈgɛnst nɔrθ ˌkɔˈriə. |
needles district of national park, with continuous in the foreground. (courtesy bill bowman, university of colorado.)
virtually every ecosystem of the world from forests to the oceans raises concern about the toll that a warming climate will take. one type of landscape, though, that get talked about very much in this context so-called “drylands,” a grouping that includes arid and regions ranging from many deserts to grasslands.
drylands are one of the more important ecosystems in the world, comprising fully 40 percent of the land surface. and now, an alarming new study in the proceedings of the national academy of sciences says the impact of a warming climate on these ecosystems could be much worse than expected comparable to humans trampling the landscapes underfoot or driving vehicles across them.
“contrary to our expectations, experimental climate change and physical disturbance had strikingly similar impacts,” wrote the researchers, led by scott of the u.s. geological southwest biological science center in moab, utah. conducted the work with two geological survey colleagues.
ferrenberg and his colleagues ran a long term experiment at upper colorado plateau, a “cool desert” region that receives less than 10 inches of rain per year. here, the ground is covered by a complex group of organisms collectively called “biocrust” a combination of mosses and lichens that are in effect glued together by microorganisms called, which provide structure to the landscape through the carbohydrate molecules they secrete.
this structure, in turn, allows the more complex organisms like mosses and lichens to grow and when all assembled, the then holds the soil in place and prevents dust storms and erosion. “things would blow away without,” says.
“there’s sort of this expression the crust community uses: ‘got dust? you need crust,’” he continues. “it’s sort of a nerd joke in this community.”
at the same time, the growth of mosses and lichen, supported by the, allows these landscapes to store a considerable amount of carbon which might otherwise wind up in the atmosphere. overall, store 25 percent of the carbon found in the soils.
a desert landscape like the upper colorado plateau, however, is highly vulnerable to destruction if humans or livestock tread across it or especially if vehicles tear it up. and if that happens enough, then not only are dust storms more likely to blow up the loose sand, but there will be less storing of carbon and the ecosystem may be set up for what researchers call “succession” transition into a more extreme state, without as many lichens or mosses and with only hanging on.
so what does climate change add to this dynamic? to find out, the researchers conducted a long term experiment in which plots of colorado plateau were subjected to either 10 years of warmer temperatures or more rainfall, or 15 years of literal human trampling.
in the climate change scenario, plots of ground were continually warmed by infrared heaters several degrees celsius above the temperature surrounding them. in the stomping scenario, by contrast, a team of volunteers walked heel to toe, twice, across a plot of land once per year for 15 years.
the researchers found that in all cases, the effect was more or less the same a severe blow to the lichens and mosses of the community, leaving behind only the algae or “cyanobacteria,” which proceeded to show an increase that the researchers called “dramatic.”
for instance, while algae made up 81 percent of the community prior to human trampling, afterward it made up 99 percent. warmer temperatures had a similar effect.
“we were really surprised,” said. “we know that walking on them or driving on them kills them. we were really surprised that giving them a bit of extra heat would kill them, and it did.”
the researchers proceeded to observe that while you can protect from humans, vehicles, or livestock at least to an extent you switch off global warming. “the effects of warming described here are a great cause for concern, as increasing annual temperatures are a near certainty across ecosystems,” they wrote.
the experiment only looked at one ecosystem, but according to the researchers, is prevalent in across the globe. “we think this heralds pretty bad news fors on a global scale,” said.
and if right, then it just mean may not hold in as much carbon any more (which means more of it goes to the atmosphere). it also means they may produce worse dust storms in the future.
so, no, ands get a lot of attention. but maybe now you can see why, in their paper, the researchers use words like “disconcerting” and “alarmingly” to describe what could happen to them. | ˈnidəlz ˈdɪstrɪkt əv ˈnæʃənəl pɑrk, wɪθ kənˈtɪnjuəs ɪn ðə ˈfɔrˌgraʊnd. (ˈkərtəsi bɪl ˈboʊmən, ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ.) ˈvərʧuəli ˈɛvəri ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm əv ðə wərld frəm ˈfɔrəsts tɪ ðə ˈoʊʃənz ˈreɪzɪz kənˈsərn əˈbaʊt ðə toʊl ðət ə ˈwɔrmɪŋ ˈklaɪmɪt wɪl teɪk. wən taɪp əv ˈlænˌskeɪp, ðoʊ, ðət gɪt tɔkt əˈbaʊt ˈvɛri məʧ ɪn ðɪs ˈkɑntɛkst ˈsoʊˈkɔld ““drylands,”*,” ə ˈgrupɪŋ ðət ˌɪnˈkludz ˈɛrəd ənd ˈriʤənz ˈreɪnʤɪŋ frəm ˈmɛni ˈdɛzərts tɪ ˈgræsˌlændz. ər wən əv ðə mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈikoʊˌsɪstəmz ɪn ðə wərld, kəmˈpraɪzɪŋ ˈfʊli 40 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə lænd ˈsərfəs. ənd naʊ, ən əˈlɑrmɪŋ nu ˈstədi ɪn ðə prəˈsidɪŋz əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl əˈkædəmi əv ˈsaɪənsɪz sɪz ðə ˌɪmˈpækt əv ə ˈwɔrmɪŋ ˈklaɪmɪt ɔn ðiz ˈikoʊˌsɪstəmz kʊd bi məʧ wərs ðən ɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈkɑmprəbəl tɪ ˈjumənz ˈtræmplɪŋ ðə ˈlænˌskeɪps ˌəndərˈfʊt ər ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈviɪkəlz əˈkrɔs ðɛm. tɪ ɑr ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz, ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ ənd ˈfɪzɪkəl dɪˈstərbəns hæd ˈstraɪkɪŋli ˈsɪmələr impacts,”*,” roʊt ðə ˈrisərʧərz, lɛd baɪ skɑt əv ðə juz. ˌʤiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˌsaʊθˈwɛst ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl saɪəns ˈsɛnər ɪn moʊæb, ˈjuˌtɔ. kənˈdəktəd ðə wərk wɪθ tu ˌʤiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈsərˌveɪ ˈkɑligz. ənd hɪz ˈkɑligz ræn ə lɔŋ tərm ɪkˈspɛrəmənt æt ˈəpər ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ plæˈtoʊ, ə desert”*” ˈriʤən ðət rɪˈsivz lɛs ðən 10 ˈɪnʧɪz əv reɪn pər jɪr. hir, ðə graʊnd ɪz ˈkəvərd baɪ ə ˈkɑmplɛks grup əv ˈɔrgəˌnɪzəmz kəˈlɛktɪvli kɔld ““biocrust”*” ə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ˈmɔsɪz ənd ˈlaɪkənz ðət ər ɪn ˈifɛkt glud təˈgɛðər baɪ ˌmaɪkroʊˈɔrgəˌnɪzəmz kɔld, wɪʧ prəˈvaɪd ˈstrəkʧər tɪ ðə ˈlænˌskeɪp θru ðə ˌkɑrboʊˈhaɪˌdreɪt ˈmɑləˌkjulz ðeɪ sɪˈkrit. ðɪs ˈstrəkʧər, ɪn tərn, əˈlaʊz ðə mɔr ˈkɑmplɛks ˈɔrgəˌnɪzəmz laɪk ˈmɔsɪz ənd ˈlaɪkənz tɪ groʊ ənd wɪn ɔl əˈsɛmbəld, ðə ðɛn hoʊldz ðə sɔɪl ɪn pleɪs ənd prɪˈvɛnts dəst stɔrmz ənd ɪˈroʊʒən. wʊd bloʊ əˈweɪ wɪˈθaʊt biocrust,”*,” sɪz. sɔrt əv ðɪs ɪkˈsprɛʃən ðə krəst kəmˈjunɪti ˈjuzɪz: dəst? ju nid crust,’”*,’” hi kənˈtɪnjuz. sɔrt əv ə nərd ʤoʊk ɪn ðɪs community.”*.” æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ðə groʊθ əv ˈmɔsɪz ənd ˈlaɪkən, səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ðə, əˈlaʊz ðiz ˈlænˌskeɪps tɪ stɔr ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl əˈmaʊnt əv ˈkɑrbən wɪʧ maɪt ˈəðərˌwaɪz wɪnd əp ɪn ðə ˈætməsˌfɪr. ˈoʊvərˌɔl, stɔr 25 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈkɑrbən faʊnd ɪn ðə sɔɪlz. ə ˈdɛzərt ˈlænˌskeɪp laɪk ðə ˈəpər ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ plæˈtoʊ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪz ˈhaɪli ˈvəlnərəbəl tɪ dɪˈstrəkʃən ɪf ˈjumənz ər ˈlaɪvˌstɑk trɛd əˈkrɔs ɪt ər əˈspɛʃəli ɪf ˈviɪkəlz tɪr ɪt əp. ənd ɪf ðət ˈhæpənz ɪˈnəf, ðɛn nɑt ˈoʊnli ər dəst stɔrmz mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ bloʊ əp ðə lus sænd, bət ðɛr wɪl bi lɛs ˈstɔrɪŋ əv ˈkɑrbən ənd ðə ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm meɪ bi sɛt əp fər wət ˈrisərʧərz kɔl ““succession”*” trænˈzɪʃən ˈɪntu ə mɔr ɪkˈstrim steɪt, wɪˈθaʊt ɛz ˈmɛni ˈlaɪkənz ər ˈmɔsɪz ənd wɪθ ˈoʊnli ˈhæŋɪŋ ɔn. soʊ wət dɪz ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ æd tɪ ðɪs daɪˈnæmɪk? tɪ faɪnd aʊt, ðə ˈrisərʧərz kənˈdəktəd ə lɔŋ tərm ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ɪn wɪʧ plɑts əv ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ plæˈtoʊ wər səˈbʤɛktɪd tɪ ˈiðər 10 jɪrz əv ˈwɔrmər ˈtɛmpərəʧərz ər mɔr ˈreɪnˌfɔl, ər 15 jɪrz əv ˈlɪtərəl ˈjumən ˈtræmplɪŋ. ɪn ðə ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ sɪˈnɛrioʊ, plɑts əv graʊnd wər kənˈtɪnjuəli wɔrmd baɪ ˌɪnfrərˈɛd ˈhitərz ˈsɛvərəl dɪˈgriz ˈsɛlsiəs əˈbəv ðə ˈtɛmpərəʧər sərˈaʊndɪŋ ðɛm. ɪn ðə ˈstɑmpɪŋ sɪˈnɛrioʊ, baɪ ˈkɑntræst, ə tim əv ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz wɔkt hil tɪ toʊ, twaɪs, əˈkrɔs ə plɑt əv lænd wəns pər jɪr fər 15 jɪrz. ðə ˈrisərʧərz faʊnd ðət ɪn ɔl ˈkeɪsɪz, ðə ˈifɛkt wɑz mɔr ər lɛs ðə seɪm ə səˈvɪr bloʊ tɪ ðə ˈlaɪkənz ənd ˈmɔsɪz əv ðə kəmˈjunɪti, ˈlivɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ˈoʊnli ðə ˈælʤi ər ““cyanobacteria,”*,” wɪʧ prəˈsidəd tɪ ʃoʊ ən ˌɪnˈkris ðət ðə ˈrisərʧərz kɔld ““dramatic.”*.” fər ˈɪnstəns, waɪl ˈælʤi meɪd əp 81 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə kəmˈjunɪti praɪər tɪ ˈjumən ˈtræmplɪŋ, ˈæftərwərd ɪt meɪd əp 99 pərˈsɛnt. ˈwɔrmər ˈtɛmpərəʧərz hæd ə ˈsɪmələr ˈifɛkt. wər ˈrɪli surprised,”*,” sɛd. noʊ ðət ˈwɔkɪŋ ɔn ðɛm ər ˈdraɪvɪŋ ɔn ðɛm kɪlz ðɛm. wi wər ˈrɪli səˈpraɪzd ðət ˈgɪvɪŋ ðɛm ə bɪt əv ˈɛkstrə hit wʊd kɪl ðɛm, ənd ɪt did.”*.” ðə ˈrisərʧərz prəˈsidəd tɪ əbˈzərv ðət waɪl ju kən prəˈtɛkt frəm ˈjumənz, ˈviɪkəlz, ər ˈlaɪvˌstɑk æt list tɪ ən ɪkˈstɛnt ju swɪʧ ɔf ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ. ˈifɛkts əv ˈwɔrmɪŋ dɪˈskraɪbd hir ər ə greɪt kɔz fər kənˈsərn, ɛz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˈænjuəl ˈtɛmpərəʧərz ər ə nɪr ˈsərtənti əˈkrɔs ecosystems,”*,” ðeɪ roʊt. ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ˈoʊnli lʊkt æt wən ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm, bət əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈrisərʧərz, ɪz ˈprɛvələnt ɪn əˈkrɔs ðə gloʊb. θɪŋk ðɪs ˈhɛrəldz ˈprɪti bæd nuz fər ɔn ə ˈgloʊbəl scale,”*,” sɛd. ənd ɪf raɪt, ðɛn ɪt ʤɪst min meɪ nɑt hoʊld ɪn ɛz məʧ ˈkɑrbən ˈɛni mɔr (wɪʧ minz mɔr əv ɪt goʊz tɪ ðə ˈætməsˌfɪr). ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ minz ðeɪ meɪ ˈproʊdus wərs dəst stɔrmz ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər. soʊ, noʊ, ənd gɪt ə lɔt əv əˈtɛnʃən. bət ˈmeɪbi naʊ ju kən si waɪ, ɪn ðɛr ˈpeɪpər, ðə ˈrisərʧərz juz wərdz laɪk ““disconcerting”*” ənd ““alarmingly”*” tɪ dɪˈskraɪb wət kʊd ˈhæpən tɪ ðɛm. |
it’s looking like winnipeg is going to miss another spring snow storm. snowfall warnings are in place for the extreme southeast corner of the province with winnipeg more on the cusp, likely limiting the snowfall amounts to 2 to 5 instead of the potential 25 some places could see by the end of the day.
read more: snow storm rolls across manitoba, leaving behind up to 25 of snow
sunday when i was at the office, it was looking like this system, while focused on the southeast corner of the province, would leave a broader area of more significant snow. now, the snow looks more focused on the extreme southeast corner.
watch: of storm moving into winnipeg monday
most of the snow see this week will be during the day, starting to ease up at night.
related: looking back at the winnipeg blizzard that led to the flood of the century
heavier snow staying in the se corner of mb. snow is #winnipeg should get lighter this afternoon. by the evening. mike (@mikekoncan) april 24, 2017
the rest of the week will likely stay cool. mornings will be below and daytime highs will stay in single digits. it probably be until the weekend at the earliest before we get back into double digit daytime highs. the cooler temperatures is where the weather models agree. the differences are whether there will be some more rain or snow later in the week.
the gem model is our canadian model and the primary one used for most local forecast. looking like a standout with the potential for rain snow later in the week. not just a little snow too, close to 20. other models seeing the same thing and have no precipitation later this week.
the chance of seeing more snow looks slim but worth mentioning that the chance of some rain or snow showing up. because just one weather model predicting this weather event, it would also be unlikely we would get the full 20 if any precipitation did show up. | it’s* ˈlʊkɪŋ laɪk ˈwɪnɪpəg ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ mɪs əˈnəðər spərɪŋ snoʊ stɔrm. sˈnoʊfɑl ˈwɔrnɪŋz ər ɪn pleɪs fər ðə ɪkˈstrim ˌsaʊˈθist ˈkɔrnər əv ðə ˈprɑvɪns wɪθ ˈwɪnɪpəg mɔr ɔn ðə kəsp, ˈlaɪkli ˈlɪmətɪŋ ðə sˈnoʊfɑl əˈmaʊnts tɪ 2 tɪ 5 ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl 25 səm ˈpleɪsɪz kʊd si baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðə deɪ. rɛd mɔr: snoʊ stɔrm roʊlz əˈkrɔs ˌmænɪˈtoʊbə, ˈlivɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd əp tɪ 25 əv snoʊ ˈsənˌdi wɪn aɪ wɑz æt ðə ˈɔfəs, ɪt wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ laɪk ðɪs ˈsɪstəm, waɪl ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə ˌsaʊˈθist ˈkɔrnər əv ðə ˈprɑvɪns, wʊd liv ə ˈbrɔdər ˈɛriə əv mɔr sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt snoʊ. naʊ, ðə snoʊ lʊks mɔr ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə ɪkˈstrim ˌsaʊˈθist ˈkɔrnər. wɔʧ: əv stɔrm ˈmuvɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈwɪnɪpəg ˈmənˌdeɪ moʊst əv ðə snoʊ si ðɪs wik wɪl bi ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə deɪ, ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ iz əp æt naɪt. rɪˈleɪtɪd: ˈlʊkɪŋ bæk æt ðə ˈwɪnɪpəg ˈblɪzərd ðət lɛd tɪ ðə fləd əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ˈhɛviər snoʊ steɪɪŋ ɪn ðə seɪ ˈkɔrnər əv mb*. snoʊ ɪz #ˈwɪnɪpəg ʃʊd gɪt ˈlaɪtər ðɪs ˌæftərˈnun. baɪ ðə ˈivnɪŋ. maɪk (@mikekoncan*) ˈeɪprəl 24 2017 ðə rɛst əv ðə wik wɪl ˈlaɪkli steɪ kul. ˈmɔrnɪŋz wɪl bi bɪˈloʊ ənd ˈdeɪˌtaɪm haɪz wɪl steɪ ɪn ˈsɪŋgəl ˈdɪʤɪts. ɪt ˈprɑbəˌbli bi ənˈtɪl ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd æt ðə ˈərliəst ˌbiˈfɔr wi gɪt bæk ˈɪntu ˈdəbəl ˈdɪʤɪt ˈdeɪˌtaɪm haɪz. ðə ˈkulər ˈtɛmpərəʧərz ɪz wɛr ðə ˈwɛðər ˈmɑdəlz əˈgri. ðə ˈdɪfərənsɪz ər ˈwɛðər ðɛr wɪl bi səm mɔr reɪn ər snoʊ ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə wik. ðə ʤɛm ˈmɑdəl ɪz ɑr kəˈneɪdiən ˈmɑdəl ənd ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri wən juzd fər moʊst ˈloʊkəl ˈfɔrˌkæst. ˈlʊkɪŋ laɪk ə ˈstænˌdaʊt wɪθ ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl fər reɪn snoʊ ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə wik. nɑt ʤɪst ə ˈlɪtəl snoʊ tu, kloʊz tɪ 20. ˈəðər ˈmɑdəlz siɪŋ ðə seɪm θɪŋ ənd hæv noʊ prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən ˈleɪtər ðɪs wik. ðə ʧæns əv siɪŋ mɔr snoʊ lʊks slɪm bət wərθ ˈmɛnʃənɪŋ ðət ðə ʧæns əv səm reɪn ər snoʊ ʃoʊɪŋ əp. bɪˈkəz ʤɪst wən ˈwɛðər ˈmɑdəl prɪˈdɪktɪŋ ðɪs ˈwɛðər ɪˈvɛnt, ɪt wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ənˈlaɪkli wi wʊd gɪt ðə fʊl 20 ɪf ˈɛni prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən dɪd ʃoʊ əp. |
john druce leads the pedal for hope fundraising bicycle team. (courtesy pedal for hope)
john druce knows something about being in the right place at the right time. the best run of his career the stretch that turned his last name into a magic word in washington was by happenstance: dino ciccarelli was injured early in the 1990 playoffs, druce moved up through the capitals’ lineup, and suddenly the young forward was the best goal scorer in the world. druce scored nine times in a playoff series against the rangers, ended the spring with four game-winners, and finished that with 14 goals in 15 games, an offensive explosion still mentioned in hockey circles every spring.
so new job as a head coach with the cougars, marking his return to hockey after more than a decade away? his start in the ontario junior hockey league? his arrival before a season that will end with hosting junior a championship?
“things like this happen,” druce said this week, referring to his past. “right place, right time.”
if anyone deserved another happy coincidence, it was druce, 12 years after heartbreaking news had led him to leave the sport. the former winger had been working as a hockey analyst in canada when his daughter courtney just a toddler waking up in the middle of the night during his famous caps streak was diagnosed with leukemia. with courtney and her family members in and out of hospitals, druce could no longer maintain a hockey lifestyle, so he left the game and became a financial adviser in his native peterborough, ontario.
over the next decade, his daughter turned into a public figure in peterborough as she fought off an avalanche of medical problems what druce calls “a battle that i wish on my worst enemies.” she went through chemotherapy four times and radiation twice. she had two bone marrow transplants. after beating leukemia for a third time, she was in remission for almost five years and getting on with her life when she was diagnosed with cervical cancer. she beat that, too, but then the cancer came back a year ago. she died in april, eight days before her birthday.
“she’s my hero,” druce said. “she would still walk into a room and would still light up that room when she walked in, even after going through all of that. she take one day for granted. she always had goals and always had dreams, and was still pursuing them as she was going through this. it was unbelievable.”
john and courtney druce in 2010. (courtesy john druce)
druce’s own goals, meanwhile, underwent a change. instead of pursuing a career in hockey, he would raise money and awareness for other canadian families going through similar struggles. and he was in the right place at the right time for that, too.
around the time courtney was diagnosed, a dozen peterborough police officers had decided to launch a annual bike ride, visiting schools to talk about pediatric cancer while riding hundreds of miles around ontario. the canadian cancer society knew that druce was looking for an outlet, and they gave his name to his hometown cops, who knew druce only as a hockey player with a famous hot streak on his résumé.
“i said really be interested in being a part of that if welcome me,” druce said. “and they did, with open arms.”
“he was just a normal, regular guy on our team,” said marc, a staff sergeant in the peterborough police service and one of the founders of pedal for hope. “it was 12 police officers and one hockey player, and we all did the same thing.”
so the 13 men became big brothers to kids with cancer. they saved up their vacation time so they could disappear for three weeks each year. they set a guinness world record for simultaneous head-shaving, visited with the canadian prime minister and raised more than $4 million.
the peterborough police service made druce an honorary member, his bike partners became among his closest friends, and courtney became an ambassador and public face for the team. when they needed someone to film a promotional video, they asked her. when they needed an emcee for the final day of the ride, they turned to her. when they needed someone to greet families, she volunteered. so when druce bowed out of last charity ride as courtney entered hospice care, and then called early one morning with the news, he wound up consoling the distraught policemen.
“i was a mess a couple times, just a mess,” said. “it’s just so hard to believe. that kid was so sick for so long, and she kept battling, and john was along for the fight. i guess we all were along for the fight.”
john druce, far left, and other members of the pedal for hope team. (courtesy pedal for hope)
druce given up that fight. he traveled to the caps’ last spring and played in the alumni game; his fellow players then auctioned off their jerseys, with the proceeds going to pedal for hope and the leukemia & lymphoma local chapter. druce will be back in town saturday night, dropping the ceremonial puck as part of the caps’ hockey fights cancer campaign, which raises money for several cancer charities. it was easy for him to get onto the pedal for hope team, he said, “but you may not be able to get out not that anybody wants to.”
“people need to hear about it; they need to know what people are going through,” druce said, explaining why he remains involved with the group. “it tears families apart. like going through hell.”
his new coaching gig, at least, is another distraction. druce already had been helping out with the cougars last fall, before final relapse, but he never had the free time to dive full-time into hockey. death changed that. the cougars were looking for a head coach, and druce said he would consider it if they were interested. a week later, he had the job.
“i kind of looked at it and i still do as way of saying ‘here, dad, you go do this now,’ you know?” druce said. “i stopped broadcasting when she got sick, and she knew. she knew how much i loved being around the game. and i just look at it as my little angel watching over me and saying, ‘now you go coach. now you go do this.’
druce has a drive to the rink now, and he thinks about courtney every day on that ride: the painful memories and the happy ones, too. he also has a perspective that might be hard to replicate. i talked to him a few days into my own paternity leave, which he brought up during our conversation.
“every day whether it be changing diapers or a baby crying every day is to be cherished,” he told me. “and hard. life gets busy; life gets in the way; life takes you away. but when you look back in 15 years, remember all those little times she made you laugh. remember that. the hardest thing to do in the moment is to appreciate things.”
i also asked him whether tried to sort out why all of these things happened to his daughter and his family. how can you answer that question? he tried.
“there is no sense. there are no answers. no ‘why did this happen?’ he said. “life goes on. life is constant change. you control it. i look for answers. reality is reality. i just miss her.”
the capitals’ hockey fights cancer awareness night will include an auction featuring hockey fights cancer jerseys, sticks, and hats. proceeds benefit flashes of hope, hope for henry, and the pancreatic cancer action network. | ʤɑn drus lidz ðə ˈpɛdəl fər hoʊp ˈfənˌdreɪsɪŋ ˈbaɪsɪkəl tim. (ˈkərtəsi ˈpɛdəl fər hoʊp) ʤɑn drus noʊz ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈbaʊt biɪŋ ɪn ðə raɪt pleɪs æt ðə raɪt taɪm. ðə bɛst rən əv hɪz kərɪr ðə strɛʧ ðət tərnd hɪz læst neɪm ˈɪntu ə ˈmæʤɪk wərd ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən wɑz baɪ ˈhæpənˌstæns: ˈdinoʊ ʧikərˈɛˌli wɑz ˈɪnʤərd ˈərli ɪn ðə 1990 pleɪɔfs, drus muvd əp θru ðə capitals’*’ ˈlaɪˌnəp, ənd ˈsədənli ðə jəŋ ˈfɔrwərd wɑz ðə bɛst goʊl ˈskɔrər ɪn ðə wərld. drus skɔrd naɪn taɪmz ɪn ə pleɪɔf ˈsɪriz əˈgɛnst ðə ˈreɪnʤərz, ˈɛndɪd ðə spərɪŋ wɪθ fɔr game-winners*, ənd ˈfɪnɪʃt ðət wɪθ 14 goʊlz ɪn 15 geɪmz, ən əˈfɛnsɪv ɪkˈsploʊʒən stɪl ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn ˈhɑki ˈsərkəlz ˈɛvəri spərɪŋ. soʊ nu ʤɑb ɛz ə hɛd koʊʧ wɪθ ðə ˈkugərz, ˈmɑrkɪŋ hɪz rɪˈtərn tɪ ˈhɑki ˈæftər mɔr ðən ə ˈdɛkeɪd əˈweɪ? hɪz stɑrt ɪn ðə ɑnˈtɛrioʊ ˈʤunjər ˈhɑki lig? hɪz ərˈaɪvəl ˌbiˈfɔr ə ˈsizən ðət wɪl ɛnd wɪθ ˈhoʊstɪŋ ˈʤunjər ə ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp? laɪk ðɪs happen,”*,” drus sɛd ðɪs wik, rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ hɪz pæst. pleɪs, raɪt time.”*.” ɪf ˈɛniˌwən dɪˈzərvd əˈnəðər ˈhæpi koʊˈɪnsɪdəns, ɪt wɑz drus, 12 jɪrz ˈæftər ˈhɑrtˌbreɪkɪŋ nuz hæd lɛd ɪm tɪ liv ðə spɔrt. ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈwɪŋər hæd bɪn ˈwərkɪŋ ɛz ə ˈhɑki ˈænəlɪst ɪn ˈkænədə wɪn hɪz ˈdɔtər ˈkɔrtni ʤɪst ə ˈtɑdlər ˈweɪkɪŋ əp ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðə naɪt ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈfeɪməs kæps strik wɑz ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst wɪθ luˈkimiə. wɪθ ˈkɔrtni ənd hər ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz ɪn ənd aʊt əv ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz, drus kʊd noʊ ˈlɔŋgər meɪnˈteɪn ə ˈhɑki ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl, soʊ hi lɛft ðə geɪm ənd bɪˈkeɪm ə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ædˈvaɪzər ɪn hɪz ˈneɪtɪv ˈpitərbəroʊ, ɑnˈtɛrioʊ. ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst ˈdɛkeɪd, hɪz ˈdɔtər tərnd ˈɪntu ə ˈpəblɪk ˈfɪgjər ɪn ˈpitərbəroʊ ɛz ʃi fɔt ɔf ən ˈævəˌlænʧ əv ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈprɑbləmz wət drus kɔlz ˈbætəl ðət aɪ wɪʃ ɔn maɪ wərst enemies.”*.” ʃi wɛnt θru ˌkimoʊˈθɛrəpi fɔr taɪmz ənd ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən twaɪs. ʃi hæd tu boʊn ˈmɛroʊ trænˈsplænts. ˈæftər ˈbitɪŋ luˈkimiə fər ə θərd taɪm, ʃi wɑz ɪn riˈmɪʃən fər ˈɔlˌmoʊst faɪv jɪrz ənd ˈgɪtɪŋ ɔn wɪθ hər laɪf wɪn ʃi wɑz ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst wɪθ ˈsərvɪkəl ˈkænsər. ʃi bit ðət, tu, bət ðɛn ðə ˈkænsər keɪm bæk ə jɪr əˈgoʊ. ʃi daɪd ɪn ˈeɪprəl, eɪt deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr hər ˈbərθˌdeɪ. maɪ hero,”*,” drus sɛd. wʊd stɪl wɔk ˈɪntu ə rum ənd wʊd stɪl laɪt əp ðət rum wɪn ʃi wɔkt ɪn, ˈivɪn ˈæftər goʊɪŋ θru ɔl əv ðət. ʃi teɪk wən deɪ fər ˈgrænɪd. ʃi ˈɔlˌweɪz hæd goʊlz ənd ˈɔlˌweɪz hæd drimz, ənd wɑz stɪl pərˈsuɪŋ ðɛm ɛz ʃi wɑz goʊɪŋ θru ðɪs. ɪt wɑz unbelievable.”*.” ʤɑn ənd ˈkɔrtni drus ɪn 2010 (ˈkərtəsi ʤɑn drus) oʊn goʊlz, ˈminˌwaɪl, ˌəndərˈwɛnt ə ʧeɪnʤ. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv pərˈsuɪŋ ə kərɪr ɪn ˈhɑki, hi wʊd reɪz ˈməni ənd əˈwɛrnəs fər ˈəðər kəˈneɪdiən ˈfæməliz goʊɪŋ θru ˈsɪmələr ˈstrəgəlz. ənd hi wɑz ɪn ðə raɪt pleɪs æt ðə raɪt taɪm fər ðət, tu. əraʊnd ðə taɪm ˈkɔrtni wɑz ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst, ə ˈdəzən ˈpitərbəroʊ pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz hæd ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ lɔnʧ ə ˈænjuəl baɪk raɪd, ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ skulz tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ˌpidiˈætrɪk ˈkænsər waɪl ˈraɪdɪŋ ˈhənərdz əv maɪəlz əraʊnd ɑnˈtɛrioʊ. ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈkænsər soʊˈsaɪɪti nu ðət drus wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ən ˈaʊˌtlɛt, ənd ðeɪ geɪv hɪz neɪm tɪ hɪz ˈhoʊmˌtaʊn kɑps, hu nu drus ˈoʊnli ɛz ə ˈhɑki pleɪər wɪθ ə ˈfeɪməs hɑt strik ɔn hɪz résumé*é. sɛd ˈrɪli bi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn biɪŋ ə pɑrt əv ðət ɪf ˈwɛlkəm me,”*,” drus sɛd. ðeɪ dɪd, wɪθ ˈoʊpən arms.”*.” wɑz ʤɪst ə ˈnɔrməl, ˈrɛgjələr gaɪ ɔn ɑr team,”*,” sɛd mɑrk, ə stæf ˈsɑrʤənt ɪn ðə ˈpitərbəroʊ pəˈlis ˈsərvɪs ənd wən əv ðə ˈfaʊndərz əv ˈpɛdəl fər hoʊp. wɑz 12 pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz ənd wən ˈhɑki pleɪər, ənd wi ɔl dɪd ðə seɪm thing.”*.” soʊ ðə 13 mɛn bɪˈkeɪm bɪg ˈbrəðərz tɪ kɪdz wɪθ ˈkænsər. ðeɪ seɪvd əp ðɛr veɪˈkeɪʃən taɪm soʊ ðeɪ kʊd ˌdɪsəˈpɪr fər θri wiks iʧ jɪr. ðeɪ sɛt ə ˈgɪnəs wərld ˈrɛkərd fər ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəs head-shaving*, ˈvɪzɪtɪd wɪθ ðə kəˈneɪdiən praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ənd reɪzd mɔr ðən 4 ˈmɪljən. ðə ˈpitərbəroʊ pəˈlis ˈsərvɪs meɪd drus ən ˈɑnərˌɛri ˈmɛmbər, hɪz baɪk ˈpɑrtnərz bɪˈkeɪm əˈməŋ hɪz ˈkloʊsəst frɛndz, ənd ˈkɔrtni bɪˈkeɪm ən æmˈbæsədər ənd ˈpəblɪk feɪs fər ðə tim. wɪn ðeɪ ˈnidɪd ˈsəmˌwən tɪ fɪlm ə pərˈmoʊʃənəl ˈvɪdioʊ, ðeɪ æst hər. wɪn ðeɪ ˈnidɪd ən ˈɛmˈsi fər ðə ˈfaɪnəl deɪ əv ðə raɪd, ðeɪ tərnd tɪ hər. wɪn ðeɪ ˈnidɪd ˈsəmˌwən tɪ grit ˈfæməliz, ʃi ˌvɑlənˈtɪrd. soʊ wɪn drus boʊd aʊt əv læst ˈʧɛrɪti raɪd ɛz ˈkɔrtni ˈɛnərd ˈhɑspəs kɛr, ənd ðɛn kɔld ˈərli wən ˈmɔrnɪŋ wɪθ ðə nuz, hi wund əp kənˈsoʊlɪŋ ðə dɪˈstrɔt pəˈlismɪn. wɑz ə mɛs ə ˈkəpəl taɪmz, ʤɪst ə mess,”*,” sɛd. ʤɪst soʊ hɑrd tɪ bɪˈliv. ðət kɪd wɑz soʊ sɪk fər soʊ lɔŋ, ənd ʃi kɛpt ˈbætəlɪŋ, ənd ʤɑn wɑz əˈlɔŋ fər ðə faɪt. aɪ gɛs wi ɔl wər əˈlɔŋ fər ðə fight.”*.” ʤɑn drus, fɑr lɛft, ənd ˈəðər ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈpɛdəl fər hoʊp tim. (ˈkərtəsi ˈpɛdəl fər hoʊp) drus ˈgɪvɪn əp ðət faɪt. hi ˈtrævəld tɪ ðə caps’*’ læst spərɪŋ ənd pleɪd ɪn ðə əˈləmˌnaɪ geɪm; hɪz ˈfɛloʊ pleɪərz ðɛn ˈɔkʃənd ɔf ðɛr ˈʤərziz, wɪθ ðə prəˈsidz goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈpɛdəl fər hoʊp ənd ðə luˈkimiə lɪmˈfoʊmə ˈloʊkəl ˈʧæptər. drus wɪl bi bæk ɪn taʊn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ naɪt, ˈdrɑpɪŋ ðə ˌsɛrəˈmoʊniəl pək ɛz pɑrt əv ðə caps’*’ ˈhɑki faɪts ˈkænsər kæmˈpeɪn, wɪʧ ˈreɪzɪz ˈməni fər ˈsɛvərəl ˈkænsər ˈʧɛrɪtiz. ɪt wɑz ˈizi fər ɪm tɪ gɪt ˈɔntu ðə ˈpɛdəl fər hoʊp tim, hi sɛd, ju meɪ nɑt bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪt aʊt nɑt ðət ˈɛnibədi wɔnts to.”*.” nid tɪ hir əˈbaʊt ɪt; ðeɪ nid tɪ noʊ wət ˈpipəl ər goʊɪŋ through,”*,” drus sɛd, ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ waɪ hi rɪˈmeɪnz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɪθ ðə grup. tɪrz ˈfæməliz əˈpɑrt. laɪk goʊɪŋ θru hell.”*.” hɪz nu ˈkoʊʧɪŋ gɪg, æt list, ɪz əˈnəðər dɪˈstrækʃən. drus ɔˈrɛdi hæd bɪn ˈhɛlpɪŋ aʊt wɪθ ðə ˈkugərz læst fɔl, ˌbiˈfɔr ˈfaɪnəl riˈlæps, bət hi ˈnɛvər hæd ðə fri taɪm tɪ daɪv ˈfʊlˌtaɪm ˈɪntu ˈhɑki. dɛθ ʧeɪnʤd ðət. ðə ˈkugərz wər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə hɛd koʊʧ, ənd drus sɛd hi wʊd kənˈsɪdər ɪt ɪf ðeɪ wər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd. ə wik ˈleɪtər, hi hæd ðə ʤɑb. kaɪnd əv lʊkt æt ɪt ənd aɪ stɪl du ɛz weɪ əv seɪɪŋ ‘‘here*, dæd, ju goʊ du ðɪs now,’*,’ ju know?”*?” drus sɛd. stɑpt ˈbrɔdˌkæstɪŋ wɪn ʃi gɑt sɪk, ənd ʃi nu. ʃi nu haʊ məʧ aɪ ləvd biɪŋ əraʊnd ðə geɪm. ənd aɪ ʤɪst lʊk æt ɪt ɛz maɪ ˈlɪtəl ˈeɪnʤəl ˈwɑʧɪŋ ˈoʊvər mi ənd seɪɪŋ, ju goʊ koʊʧ. naʊ ju goʊ du this.’*.’ drus həz ə draɪv tɪ ðə rɪŋk naʊ, ənd hi θɪŋks əˈbaʊt ˈkɔrtni ˈɛvəri deɪ ɔn ðət raɪd: ðə ˈpeɪnfəl ˈmɛməriz ənd ðə ˈhæpi wənz, tu. hi ˈɔlsoʊ həz ə pərˈspɛktɪv ðət maɪt bi hɑrd tɪ ˈrɛplɪˌkeɪt. aɪ tɔkt tɪ ɪm ə fju deɪz ˈɪntu maɪ oʊn pəˈtərnɪti liv, wɪʧ hi brɔt əp ˈdʊrɪŋ ɑr ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən. deɪ ˈwɛðər ɪt bi ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ˈdaɪəpərz ər ə ˈbeɪbi kraɪɪŋ ˈɛvəri deɪ ɪz tɪ bi cherished,”*,” hi toʊld mi. hɑrd. laɪf gɪts ˈbɪzi; laɪf gɪts ɪn ðə weɪ; laɪf teɪks ju əˈweɪ. bət wɪn ju lʊk bæk ɪn 15 jɪrz, rɪˈmɛmbər ɔl ðoʊz ˈlɪtəl taɪmz ʃi meɪd ju læf. rɪˈmɛmbər ðət. ðə ˈhɑrdəst θɪŋ tɪ du ɪn ðə ˈmoʊmənt ɪz tɪ əˈpriʃiˌeɪt things.”*.” aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ æst ɪm ˈwɛðər traɪd tɪ sɔrt aʊt waɪ ɔl əv ðiz θɪŋz ˈhæpənd tɪ hɪz ˈdɔtər ənd hɪz ˈfæməli. haʊ kən ju ˈænsər ðət kˈwɛʃən? hi traɪd. ɪz noʊ sɛns. ðɛr ər noʊ ˈænsərz. noʊ dɪd ðɪs happen?’*?’ hi sɛd. goʊz ɔn. laɪf ɪz ˈkɑnstənt ʧeɪnʤ. ju kənˈtroʊl ɪt. aɪ lʊk fər ˈænsərz. ˌriˈæləˌti ɪz ˌriˈæləˌti. aɪ ʤɪst mɪs her.”*.” ðə capitals’*’ ˈhɑki faɪts ˈkænsər əˈwɛrnəs naɪt wɪl ˌɪnˈklud ən ˈɔkʃən ˈfiʧərɪŋ ˈhɑki faɪts ˈkænsər ˈʤərziz, stɪks, ənd hæts. prəˈsidz ˈbɛnəfɪt ˈflæʃɪz əv hoʊp, hoʊp fər ˈhɛnri, ənd ðə ˌpænkriˈætɪk ˈkænsər ˈækʃən ˈnɛtˌwərk. |
it's actually the second time o'sullivan has helped prepare the americans to play ireland in a world cup - back in 1999 he was an assistant coach with the eagles, concentrating mainly on conditioning and the backs before the offer came to join ireland under warren gatland.
it will be a strange day for o'sullivan on an already emotional evening as the american squad look to mark the anniversary of the terrorist attack on the world trade centre.
"i wouldn't say i have mixed emotions, playing against ireland is not an thing for me," insists o'sullivan. "it feels a bit strange all right because i know many of those lads pretty well. but saturday's not about me, it's about the american team. these lads have put in huge effort to make it here to the world cup .
"in particular, the guys who are not professional have made huge sacrifices to come to the world cup. it's about fact we're playing ireland in the group stage is just the way it panned out. i have a job to do. it's a bit of help knowing what i do about the irish players and i've been passing that on but we can't get hung up on ireland, we need to focus on our own performance.
"we are realistic, winning the russia game next week is the big one for us. we feel like it's within our ability to beat them. historically for us to win a pool match is pretty is very good. we've only had two group victories in the world cup up to now.
"we won't roll over dead in the other games though, especially in the first one because it is a special day for all our american team and we want to give of our best on that day. when you play a nation, you try to stay in the game as long as you can. that's the realistic approach."
as o'sullivan casts his eye over the ireland team that he did so much to help build although the name murray might take him by surprise, the young munster having been selected to make his first start at this level.
"elsewhere, gordon d'arcy has been declared fit to take his place alongside brian o'driscoll at centre but coach kidney has decided to give first choice rob kearney and sean o'brien another week's rest.
geordan murphy will play and shane jennings has been selected at.
"sean is fit to play. medically he has been given the okay," said kidney. "but i've seen injuries like that before and he'll benefit from getting absolute fitness back. i believe in the squad, too.
"shane jennings has been going well in training and had a bit of match time under his belt last month. rob is up and training but i want him to get up to full speed a bit more often. once he does that he'll be fine. the fact he's not playing on sunday doesn't rule him out against australia by any means."
usa v ireland stadium, new plymouth local time)
usa: blaine scully (university of california); (biarritz), paul emerick (life university), andrew (chicago griffins); james paterson highlanders); roland (boston), mike petri (newport dragons); mike macdonald (leeds carnegie), phil thiel (life university), shawn pittman (london welsh), john van der giessen (utah warriors), hayden smith (saracens), louis stanfill (mogliano), todd clever (suntory, capt), nic johnson (unattached). replacements: chris biller (san francisco golden gate), (bobigny), scott (stade francais), pat danahy (life university), tim (nottingham), (glendale), colin hawley (olympic club)
ireland: g murphy (leicester); t bowe (ospreys), b o'driscoll (leinster, capt), g d'arcy (leinster), k earls (munster); j sexton (leinster), c murray (munster); t court (ulster), r best (ulster), m ross (leinster), d o'callaghan (munster), p o'connell (munster), s ferris (ulster), s jennings (leinster), j heaslip (leinster). replacements: j flannery (munster), t buckley (sale), d ryan (munster), d leamy (munster), e (leinster), r (munster), a trimble (ulster).
referee: craig joubert (south africa)
referee's assistants: nigel owens,
tmo: graham hughes (england)
form guide: usa: ireland
last three games:
2009 usa 10 ireland francisco)
2004 ireland 55 usa 6 (dublin)
2000 usa 3 ireland 83 (new hampshire)
usa average age: 1 month. average caps: 18. pack weight: 907kg.
ireland average age: 8 months. average caps:. pack weight: 885kg.
key clashes
open-side: the usa have not got that many players but todd clever is one, a great athlete and a dog of a forward who will take the battle to the ireland back row and, in particular, shane jennings.
wing: if usa can get any ball, they have two classy operators on the wings, speed merchant, the man who left bryan for dead four years ago, and highlander james paterson. | ɪts ˈæˌkʧuəli ðə ˈsɛkənd taɪm oʊˈsələvən həz hɛlpt priˈpɛr ðə əˈmɛrɪkənz tɪ pleɪ ˈaɪərlənd ɪn ə wərld kəp bæk ɪn 1999 hi wɑz ən əˈsɪstənt koʊʧ wɪθ ðə ˈigəlz, ˈkɑnsənˌtreɪtɪŋ ˈmeɪnli ɔn kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ ənd ðə bæks ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈɔfər keɪm tɪ ʤɔɪn ˈaɪərlənd ˈəndər ˈwɔrən gatland*. ɪt wɪl bi ə streɪnʤ deɪ fər oʊˈsələvən ɔn ən ɔˈrɛdi ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˈivnɪŋ ɛz ðə əˈmɛrɪkən skwɑd lʊk tɪ mɑrk ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv ðə ˈtɛrərɪst əˈtæk ɔn ðə wərld treɪd ˈsɛntər. "aɪ ˈwʊdənt seɪ aɪ hæv mɪkst ˈɪˌmoʊʃənz, pleɪɪŋ əˈgɛnst ˈaɪərlənd ɪz nɑt ən θɪŋ fər mi," ˌɪnˈsɪsts oʊˈsələvən. "ɪt filz ə bɪt streɪnʤ ɔl raɪt bɪˈkəz aɪ noʊ ˈmɛni əv ðoʊz lædz ˈprɪti wɛl. bət ˈsætərdiz nɑt əˈbaʊt mi, ɪts əˈbaʊt ðə əˈmɛrɪkən tim. ðiz lædz hæv pʊt ɪn juʤ ˈɛfərt tɪ meɪk ɪt hir tɪ ðə wərld kəp "ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, ðə gaɪz hu ər nɑt prəˈfɛʃənəl hæv meɪd juʤ ˈsækrəˌfaɪsɪz tɪ kəm tɪ ðə wərld kəp. ɪts əˈbaʊt fækt wɪr pleɪɪŋ ˈaɪərlənd ɪn ðə grup steɪʤ ɪz ʤɪst ðə weɪ ɪt pænd aʊt. aɪ hæv ə ʤɑb tɪ du. ɪts ə bɪt əv hɛlp noʊɪŋ wət aɪ du əˈbaʊt ðə ˈaɪrɪʃ pleɪərz ənd aɪv bɪn ˈpæsɪŋ ðət ɔn bət wi kænt gɪt həŋ əp ɔn ˈaɪərlənd, wi nid tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ɑr oʊn pərˈfɔrməns. "wi ər ˌriəˈlɪstɪk, ˈwɪnɪŋ ðə ˈrəʃə geɪm nɛkst wik ɪz ðə bɪg wən fər ˈjuˈɛs. wi fil laɪk ɪts wɪˈθɪn ɑr əˈbɪləˌti tɪ bit ðɛm. hɪˈstɔrɪkəli fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ wɪn ə pul mæʧ ɪz ˈprɪti ɪz ˈvɛri gʊd. wiv ˈoʊnli hæd tu grup ˈvɪktəriz ɪn ðə wərld kəp əp tɪ naʊ. "wi woʊnt roʊl ˈoʊvər dɛd ɪn ðə ˈəðər geɪmz ðoʊ, əˈspɛʃəli ɪn ðə fərst wən bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ə ˈspɛʃəl deɪ fər ɔl ɑr əˈmɛrɪkən tim ənd wi wɔnt tɪ gɪv əv ɑr bɛst ɔn ðət deɪ. wɪn ju pleɪ ə ˈneɪʃən, ju traɪ tɪ steɪ ɪn ðə geɪm ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ju kən. ðæts ðə ˌriəˈlɪstɪk əˈproʊʧ." ɛz oʊˈsələvən kæsts hɪz aɪ ˈoʊvər ðə ˈaɪərlənd tim ðət hi dɪd soʊ məʧ tɪ hɛlp bɪld ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə neɪm ˈməri maɪt teɪk ɪm baɪ səˈpraɪz, ðə jəŋ ˈmənstər ˈhævɪŋ bɪn səˈlɛktɪd tɪ meɪk hɪz fərst stɑrt æt ðɪs ˈlɛvəl. "ˈɛlsˌwɛr, ˈgɔrdən ˈdɑrˌsi həz bɪn dɪˈklɛrd fɪt tɪ teɪk hɪz pleɪs əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd braɪən oʊˈdrɪskɑl æt ˈsɛntər bət koʊʧ ˈkɪdni həz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ gɪv fərst ʧɔɪs rɑb ˈkərni ənd ʃɔn oʊˈbraɪɪn əˈnəðər wiks rɛst. ˈmərfi wɪl pleɪ ənd ʃeɪn ˈʤɛnɪŋz həz bɪn səˈlɛktɪd æt. "ʃɔn ɪz fɪt tɪ pleɪ. ˈmɛdɪkəli hi həz bɪn ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˌoʊˈkeɪ," sɛd ˈkɪdni. "bət aɪv sin ˈɪnʤəriz laɪk ðət ˌbiˈfɔr ənd hil ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈæbsəˌlut ˈfɪtnəs bæk. aɪ bɪˈliv ɪn ðə skwɑd, tu. "ʃeɪn ˈʤɛnɪŋz həz bɪn goʊɪŋ wɛl ɪn ˈtreɪnɪŋ ənd hæd ə bɪt əv mæʧ taɪm ˈəndər hɪz bɛlt læst mənθ. rɑb ɪz əp ənd ˈtreɪnɪŋ bət aɪ wɔnt ɪm tɪ gɪt əp tɪ fʊl spid ə bɪt mɔr ˈɔfən. wəns hi dɪz ðət hil bi faɪn. ðə fækt hiz nɑt pleɪɪŋ ɔn ˈsənˌdi ˈdəzənt rul ɪm aʊt əˈgɛnst ɔˈstreɪljə baɪ ˈɛni minz." ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ vi ˈaɪərlənd ˈsteɪdiəm, nu ˈplɪməθ ˈloʊkəl taɪm) ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ: bleɪn ˈskəli (ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə); (biarritz*), pɔl ˈɛmərɪk (laɪf ˌjunəˈvərsəti), ˈændru (ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ griffins*); ʤeɪmz ˈpætərsən ˈhaɪˌlændərz); ˈroʊlənd (ˈbɔstən), maɪk ˈpɛtri (ˈnupɔrt ˈdrægənz); maɪk məkˈdɑnəld (lidz ˌkɑrˈneɪgi), fɪl θil (laɪf ˌjunəˈvərsəti), ʃɔn ˈpɪtmən (ˈləndən wɛlʧ), ʤɑn væn dər ˈgizsən (ˈjuˌtɔ ˈwɔrjərz), ˈheɪdən smɪθ (ˈsɛrəsənz), luɪs ˈstænfəl (mogliano*), tɑd ˈklɛvər (ˈsənˈtɔri, capt*), nɪk ˈʤɑnsən (ˌənəˈtæʧt). riˈpleɪsmənts: krɪs ˈbɪlər (sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ˈgoʊldən geɪt), (bobigny*), skɑt (steɪd frɑnˈseɪ), pæt ˈdænəhi (laɪf ˌjunəˈvərsəti), tɪm (ˈnɑtɪŋˌhæm), (ˈglɛnˌdeɪl), ˈkoʊlɪn ˈhɔli (oʊˈlɪmpɪk kləb) ˈaɪərlənd: ʤi ˈmərfi (ˈlɛstər); ti boʊ (ospreys*), bi oʊˈdrɪskɑl (leinster*, capt*), ʤi ˈdɑrˌsi (leinster*), keɪ ərlz (ˈmənstər); ʤeɪ ˈsɛkstən (leinster*), si ˈməri (ˈmənstər); ti kɔrt (ˈəlstər), ɑr bɛst (ˈəlstər), ɛm rɔs (leinster*), di oʊˈkæləgən (ˈmənstər), pi oʊˈkɑnəl (ˈmənstər), ɛs ˈfɛrɪs (ˈəlstər), ɛs ˈʤɛnɪŋz (leinster*), ʤeɪ ˈhislɪp (leinster*). riˈpleɪsmənts: ʤeɪ ˈflænəri (ˈmənstər), ti ˈbəkli (seɪl), di raɪən (ˈmənstər), di ˈlimi (ˈmənstər), i (leinster*), ɑr (ˈmənstər), ə ˈtrɪmbəl (ˈəlstər). ˌrɛfərˈi: kreɪg ˈjaʊbərt (saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ) ˌrɛfərˈiz əˈsɪstənts: ˈnaɪʤəl oʊənz, tmo*: græm juz (ˈɪŋglənd) fɔrm gaɪd: ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ: ˈaɪərlənd læst θri geɪmz: 2009 ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ 10 ˈaɪərlənd frænˈsɪskoʊ) 2004 ˈaɪərlənd 55 ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ 6 (ˈdəblɪn) 2000 ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ 3 ˈaɪərlənd 83 (nu ˈhæmʃər) ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ ˈævərɪʤ eɪʤ: 1 mənθ. ˈævərɪʤ kæps: 18 pæk weɪt: 907kg*. ˈaɪərlənd ˈævərɪʤ eɪʤ: 8 mənθs. ˈævərɪʤ kæps: pæk weɪt: 885kg*. ki ˈklæʃɪz: ðə ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ hæv nɑt gɑt ðət ˈmɛni pleɪərz bət tɑd ˈklɛvər ɪz wən, ə greɪt ˈæθˌlit ənd ə dɔg əv ə ˈfɔrwərd hu wɪl teɪk ðə ˈbætəl tɪ ðə ˈaɪərlənd bæk roʊ ənd, ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, ʃeɪn ˈʤɛnɪŋz. wɪŋ: ɪf ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ kən gɪt ˈɛni bɔl, ðeɪ hæv tu ˈklæsi ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz ɔn ðə wɪŋz, spid ˈmərʧənt, ðə mæn hu lɛft braɪən fər dɛd fɔr jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ənd ˈhaɪˌlændər ʤeɪmz ˈpætərsən. |
canada's government may soon require cable and satellite providers to unbundle tv packages, letting customers choose each channel they want individually.
"we don't think it's right for canadians to have to pay for bundled television channels that they don't watch. we want to unbundle television channels and allow canadians to pick and pay the specific television channels that they want," canada industry minister james moore said in a tv appearance, according to reuters.
moore is a member of canada's parliament and was appointed minister of industry in july of this year. in the next parliamentary session, he said the government will consider additional moves such as preventing airline overbooking and lowering the roaming rates charged by cellular providers.
reuters noted that canadian cable and satellite television providers have already begun to offer so-called 'a la carte' pricing."
channel unbundling would be welcome in the us, too, of course. us sen. john mccain (r-az) has been advocating this for years, most recently with the proposed television consumer freedom act. the bill would not require unbundling, but it would provide incentives that encourage providers to offer channels individually. for now, bundling is what's available to us consumers because it's the system that is most lucrative for tv providers. | ˈkænədəz ˈgəvərnmənt meɪ sun ˌrikˈwaɪər ˈkeɪbəl ənd ˈsætəˌlaɪt prəˈvaɪdərz tɪ ənˈbəndəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈpækɪʤɪz, ˈlɛtɪŋ ˈkəstəmərz ʧuz iʧ ˈʧænəl ðeɪ wɔnt ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤəli. "wi doʊnt θɪŋk ɪts raɪt fər kəˈneɪdiənz tɪ hæv tɪ peɪ fər ˈbəndəld ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ˈʧænəlz ðət ðeɪ doʊnt wɔʧ. wi wɔnt tɪ ənˈbəndəl ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ˈʧænəlz ənd əˈlaʊ kəˈneɪdiənz tɪ pɪk ənd peɪ ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ˈʧænəlz ðət ðeɪ wɔnt," ˈkænədə ˈɪndəstri ˈmɪnɪstər ʤeɪmz mʊr sɛd ɪn ə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən əˈpɪrəns, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈrɔɪtərz. mʊr ɪz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ˈkænədəz ˈpɑrləmɛnt ənd wɑz əˈpɔɪntɪd ˈmɪnɪstər əv ˈɪndəstri ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ əv ðɪs jɪr. ɪn ðə nɛkst ˌpɑrləˈmɛntəri ˈsɛʃən, hi sɛd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɪl kənˈsɪdər əˈdɪʃənəl muvz səʧ ɛz prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ˈɛˌrlaɪn ˈoʊvərˌbʊkɪŋ ənd loʊərɪŋ ðə ˈroʊmɪŋ reɪts ʧɑrʤd baɪ ˈsɛljələr prəˈvaɪdərz. ˈrɔɪtərz ˈnoʊtɪd ðət kəˈneɪdiən ˈkeɪbəl ənd ˈsætəˌlaɪt ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən prəˈvaɪdərz hæv ɔˈrɛdi ˈbeɪgən tɪ ˈɔfər ˈsoʊˈkɔld 'ə lɑ kɑrt' ˈpraɪsɪŋ." ˈʧænəl ənˈbəndlɪŋ wʊd bi ˈwɛlkəm ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs, tu, əv kɔrs. ˈjuˈɛs sɛn. ʤɑn məˈkeɪn (r-az*) həz bɪn ˈædvəˌkeɪtɪŋ ðɪs fər jɪrz, moʊst ˈrisəntli wɪθ ðə prəˈpoʊzd ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən kənˈsumər ˈfridəm ækt. ðə bɪl wʊd nɑt ˌrikˈwaɪər ənˈbəndlɪŋ, bət ɪt wʊd prəˈvaɪd ˌɪnˈsɪnɪvz ðət ɪnˈkərəʤ prəˈvaɪdərz tɪ ˈɔfər ˈʧænəlz ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤəli. fər naʊ, ˈbəndəlɪŋ ɪz wəts əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ˈjuˈɛs kənˈsumərz bɪˈkəz ɪts ðə ˈsɪstəm ðət ɪz moʊst ˈlukrətɪv fər ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən prəˈvaɪdərz. |
‘“this invention, o king,” said, “will make the egyptians wiser and will improve their memories; for it is an elixir of memory and wisdom that i have discovered.” but replied, “most ingenious, one man has the ability to beget arts, but the ability to judge of their usefulness or harmfulness to their users belongs to another; and now you, who are the father of letters, have been led by your affection to ascribe to them a power the opposite of that which they really possess. for this invention will produce in the minds of those who learn to use it, because they will not practice their memory.’
plato,
socrates and the internet
it’s funny it? how a text written over two thousand years ago can be so relevant to the problems we face in modern society today. in this particular quote from socrates uses the supposed dialogue between the egyptian gods, the inventor of letters, and, the king of egypt, to explain to the dangers of writing, and the worrying effects it could have on human wisdom.
theuth believes that through his creation of letters he has found a way to preserve and improve the memories of the egyptians; in other words he thinks that the of conscious thoughts into the written word will provide the egyptian people with a wisdom that extends beyond their natural capacities. however, argues that is mistaken. his new revolutionary new not help the egyptians to become wise at all. instead of granting them new powers of memorisation, they will delegate their memory to a technological system, and in turn will lose their natural capacity for internal memory, the foundation stone of knowledge. their memories, and thus their wisdom, will degrade as knowledge becomes ever increasingly stored in external symbols.
now fast forward 2500 years or so to 2015. imagine the invention that has created is not letters or the written word, but the internet. quite startling how well the above quote still applies. in socrates’ terms, the internet would perhaps be the single biggest system of memory loss in the whole of human history. the capacity to store human memories is limitless, and although books have been shown to improve the capacity of memory (something i will come back to in a later post), the tendency we have to rely on modern technology, in particular the internet, as a vast external memory bank has led us towards a lack of memory.
modern philosophers in both the analytic and continental traditions such as andy clark, david chalmers, bernard stiegler, and catherine malabou, have all been aware of this in recent years, and have all been keen to look at the effects of theses on our minds and our culture:
chalmers notes in the introduction to the mind that the of memory through manipulation of outer objects can have a direct impact on how memory, and thus to some extent mind as a whole, can be altered by interactions with the “external scaffolding” around it (an idea that is apparent throughout works): ‘a month ago, i bought an iphone. the iphone has already taken over some of the central functions of my brain. it has replaced part of my memory, storing phone numbers and addresses that i once would have taxed my brain with.’ similarly stiegler writes in his new critique of political economy that technology ’causes our memories to pass into machines, in such a way that, for example, we no longer know the telephone numbers of those close to us’.
the example is perhaps an obvious one but a perfect modern day explication of how external objects can act as part of our working memory processes. however what is it that actually determines what we remember and what we forget? to understand this question a good place to start is by looking at the work of a man who dedicated his life to the study of memory, nobel prize winning eric kandel.
attention and memory
according to kandel the key to the formation of memories is attention. the process of storing and retaining explicit memories and building connections between them requires high levels of mental concentration which can be facilitated by a strong intellectual or emotional engagement. in his book, in search of memory, kandel writes that for a memory to persist ‘the incoming information must be thoroughly and deeply processed. this is accomplished by attending to the information and associating it meaningfully and systematically with knowledge already well established in memory’. without giving true attention to a working memory, the neurons lose their electric charge within a few seconds and the memory is gone, leaving maybe only a small trace in the mind.
this problem of attention has become one of the most pressing problems affecting contemporary western society in recent years. parents, teachers, university professors, and bosses the world over are becoming aware of the society of distraction that we are currently moving into. since the development of the internet in the early 90s, and our subsequent leap into a world of easily accessible information, our capacity for sustained attention has dwindled in recent years.
the huge amount of competing messages that we encounter every time we go online not only overloads our working memory; it makes it substantially harder for the frontal lobes of our brain to direct our attention onto one particular task. as kandel states, the process of proper memory construction even get started. and due to the of our brains, the more we use the web, the more our brain gets used to being distracted; to processing information extremely quickly and efficiently without the need for sustained attention.
how many of us have found it increasingly difficult to concentrate for extended periods of time on tasks that required sustained attention, for example reading a book? or even watching a long film? even in the process of writing this article noticed initially difficult to not pop open another tab and check facebook, or gmail, or to get distracted by another hyperlink on a website researching from. through memory delegation our brains have essentially become adapted to forgetting, which causes them to become inept at remembering. and here we become trapped in a vicious cycle: as our use of the web makes it increasingly more difficult for us to keep information stored in our biological memory, forced to rely on the easily searchable, instantly accessible nature of the external memory banks.
so was socrates right? does this mean that as time goes on, and our reliance on technical increases exponentially, that doomed to a future of attention deficit and social dementia? it may seem so. however there is another way.
in the, describes his invention of writing as, a word with the same route as our english word pharmacy, meaning (of course) a place where medications and drugs are purchased. the use of is interesting in this context as it can be translated as both poison and remedy (something discusses in his essay ‘plato’s pharmacy’). modern technology can be looked at in the exact same way; it can, and must, be understood as having both poisonous and curative qualities. from our earliest written records in the, technê has been thought of dualistic, or pharmacological in nature.
to be able to focus on the aspect of this nature of technology we must become aware of ability to damage our attention, whilst capacity for to actually improve our attention. in the next piece of this series i will explore the etymology of ‘attention’, and show how through a more of these external memories we can begin to recapture the attention has been lost in recent years. stay tuned for. | ‘“‘“this* ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən, oʊ king,”*,” sɛd, meɪk ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃənz ˈwaɪzər ənd wɪl ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛr ˈmɛməriz; fər ɪt ɪz ən ɪˈlɪksər əv ˈmɛməri ənd ˈwɪzdəm ðət aɪ hæv discovered.”*.” bət rɪˈplaɪd, ˌɪnˈʤinjəs, wən mæn həz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ bɪˈgɛt ɑrts, bət ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ʤəʤ əv ðɛr ˈjusfəlnəs ər ˈhɑrmfəlnəs tɪ ðɛr ˈjuzərz bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ əˈnəðər; ənd naʊ ju, hu ər ðə ˈfɑðər əv ˈlɛtərz, hæv bɪn lɛd baɪ jʊr əˈfɛkʃən tɪ əˈskraɪb tɪ ðɛm ə paʊər ðə ˈɑpəzɪt əv ðət wɪʧ ðeɪ ˈrɪli pəˈzɛs. fər ðɪs ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən wɪl ˈproʊdus ɪn ðə maɪndz əv ðoʊz hu lərn tɪ juz ɪt, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wɪl nɑt ˈpræktɪs ðɛr memory.’*.’ ˈpleɪtoʊ, ˈsɑkrəˌtiz ənd ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈfəni ɪt? haʊ ə tɛkst ˈrɪtən ˈoʊvər tu ˈθaʊzənd jɪrz əˈgoʊ kən bi soʊ ˈrɛləvənt tɪ ðə ˈprɑbləmz wi feɪs ɪn ˈmɑdərn soʊˈsaɪɪti təˈdeɪ. ɪn ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr kwoʊt frəm ˈsɑkrəˌtiz ˈjuzɪz ðə səˈpoʊzd ˈdaɪəˌlɔg bɪtˈwin ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃən gɑdz, ðə ˌɪnˈvɛntər əv ˈlɛtərz, ənd, ðə kɪŋ əv ˈiʤɪpt, tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn tɪ ðə ˈdeɪnʤərz əv ˈraɪtɪŋ, ənd ðə ˈwəriɪŋ ˈifɛkts ɪt kʊd hæv ɔn ˈjumən ˈwɪzdəm. bɪˈlivz ðət θru hɪz kriˈeɪʃən əv ˈlɛtərz hi həz faʊnd ə weɪ tɪ prɪˈzərv ənd ˌɪmˈpruv ðə ˈmɛməriz əv ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃənz; ɪn ˈəðər wərdz hi θɪŋks ðət ðə əv ˈkɑnʃəs θɔts ˈɪntu ðə ˈrɪtən wərd wɪl prəˈvaɪd ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃən ˈpipəl wɪθ ə ˈwɪzdəm ðət ɪkˈstɛndz bɪɔnd ðɛr ˈnæʧərəl kəˈpæsɪtiz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈɑrgjuz ðət ɪz mɪˈsteɪkən. hɪz nu ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri nu nɑt hɛlp ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃənz tɪ bɪˈkəm waɪz æt ɔl. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈgrænɪŋ ðɛm nu paʊərz əv memorisation*, ðeɪ wɪl ˈdɛləˌgeɪt ðɛr ˈmɛməri tɪ ə ˌtɛknəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈsɪstəm, ənd ɪn tərn wɪl luz ðɛr ˈnæʧərəl kəˈpæsɪti fər ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈmɛməri, ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən stoʊn əv ˈnɑlɪʤ. ðɛr ˈmɛməriz, ənd ðəs ðɛr ˈwɪzdəm, wɪl dɪˈgreɪd ɛz ˈnɑlɪʤ bɪˈkəmz ˈɛvər ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli stɔrd ɪn ɪkˈstərnəl ˈsɪmbəlz. naʊ fæst ˈfɔrwərd 2500 jɪrz ər soʊ tɪ 2015 ˌɪˈmæʤən ðə ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən ðət həz kriˈeɪtɪd ɪz nɑt ˈlɛtərz ər ðə ˈrɪtən wərd, bət ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. kwaɪt ˈstɑrtlɪŋ haʊ wɛl ðə əˈbəv kwoʊt stɪl əˈplaɪz. ɪn socrates’*’ tərmz, ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt wʊd pərˈhæps bi ðə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈbɪgəst ˈsɪstəm əv ˈmɛməri lɔs ɪn ðə hoʊl əv ˈjumən ˈhɪstəri. ðə kəˈpæsɪti tɪ stɔr ˈjumən ˈmɛməriz ɪz ˈlɪmətləs, ənd ˌɔlˈðoʊ bʊks hæv bɪn ʃoʊn tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðə kəˈpæsɪti əv ˈmɛməri (ˈsəmθɪŋ aɪ wɪl kəm bæk tɪ ɪn ə ˈleɪtər poʊst), ðə ˈtɛndənsi wi hæv tɪ rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ˈmɑdərn tɛkˈnɑləʤi, ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, ɛz ə væst ɪkˈstərnəl ˈmɛməri bæŋk həz lɛd ˈjuˈɛs təˈwɔrdz ə læk əv ˈmɛməri. ˈmɑdərn fəˈlɑsəfərz ɪn boʊθ ðə ˌænəˈlɪtɪk ənd ˌkɑntəˈnɛnəl trəˈdɪʃənz səʧ ɛz ˈændi klɑrk, ˈdeɪvɪd ˈʧɑmərz, ˈbərnərd ˈstiglər, ənd ˈkæθərɪn malabou*, hæv ɔl bɪn əˈwɛr əv ðɪs ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz, ənd hæv ɔl bɪn kin tɪ lʊk æt ðə ˈifɛkts əv ðiz ɔn ɑr maɪndz ənd ɑr ˈkəlʧər: ˈʧɑmərz noʊts ɪn ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən tɪ ðə maɪnd ðət ðə əv ˈmɛməri θru məˌnɪpjəˈleɪʃən əv ˈaʊtər ˈɑbʤɛkts kən hæv ə dɪˈrɛkt ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn haʊ ˈmɛməri, ənd ðəs tɪ səm ɪkˈstɛnt maɪnd ɛz ə hoʊl, kən bi ˈɔltərd baɪ ˌɪnərˈækʃənz wɪθ ðə scaffolding”*” əraʊnd ɪt (ən aɪˈdiə ðət ɪz əˈpɛrənt θruaʊt wərks): mənθ əˈgoʊ, aɪ bɔt ən ˈaɪˌfoʊn. ðə ˈaɪˌfoʊn həz ɔˈrɛdi ˈteɪkən ˈoʊvər səm əv ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈfəŋkʃənz əv maɪ breɪn. ɪt həz ˌriˈpleɪst pɑrt əv maɪ ˈmɛməri, ˈstɔrɪŋ foʊn ˈnəmbərz ənd ˈæˈdrɛsɪz ðət aɪ wəns wʊd hæv tækst maɪ breɪn with.’*.’ ˈsɪmələrli ˈstiglər raɪts ɪn hɪz nu krɪˈtik əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl ɪˈkɑnəmi ðət tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɑr ˈmɛməriz tɪ pæs ˈɪntu məˈʃinz, ɪn səʧ ə weɪ ðət, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, wi noʊ ˈlɔŋgər noʊ ðə ˈtɛləˌfoʊn ˈnəmbərz əv ðoʊz kloʊz tɪ us’*’. ðə ɪgˈzæmpəl ɪz pərˈhæps ən ˈɑbviəs wən bət ə ˈpərˌfɪkt ˈmɑdərn deɪ ˌɛkspləˈkeɪʃən əv haʊ ɪkˈstərnəl ˈɑbʤɛkts kən ækt ɛz pɑrt əv ɑr ˈwərkɪŋ ˈmɛməri ˈprɑsɛsəz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər wət ɪz ɪt ðət ˈæˌkʧuəli dɪˈtərmənz wət wi rɪˈmɛmbər ənd wət wi fərˈgɛt? tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðɪs kˈwɛʃən ə gʊd pleɪs tɪ stɑrt ɪz baɪ ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə wərk əv ə mæn hu ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd hɪz laɪf tɪ ðə ˈstədi əv ˈmɛməri, noʊˈbɛl praɪz ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈɛrɪk ˈkændəl. əˈtɛnʃən ənd ˈmɛməri əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈkændəl ðə ki tɪ ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əv ˈmɛməriz ɪz əˈtɛnʃən. ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ˈstɔrɪŋ ənd rɪˈteɪnɪŋ ɪkˈsplɪsət ˈmɛməriz ənd ˈbɪldɪŋ kəˈnɛkʃənz bɪtˈwin ðɛm rikˈwaɪərz haɪ ˈlɛvəlz əv ˈmɛntəl ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən wɪʧ kən bi fəˈsɪləˌteɪtɪd baɪ ə strɔŋ ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəl ər ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt. ɪn hɪz bʊk, ɪn sərʧ əv ˈmɛməri, ˈkændəl raɪts ðət fər ə ˈmɛməri tɪ pərˈsɪst ˈɪnˌkəmɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən məst bi ˈθəroʊli ənd ˈdipli ˈprɑsɛst. ðɪs ɪz əˈkɑmplɪʃt baɪ əˈtɛndɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd əˈsoʊsiˌeɪtɪŋ ɪt ˈminɪŋfəli ənd ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli wɪθ ˈnɑlɪʤ ɔˈrɛdi wɛl ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn memory’*’. wɪˈθaʊt ˈgɪvɪŋ tru əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ə ˈwərkɪŋ ˈmɛməri, ðə ˈnʊrɑnz luz ðɛr ɪˈlɛktrɪk ʧɑrʤ wɪˈθɪn ə fju ˈsɛkəndz ənd ðə ˈmɛməri ɪz gɔn, ˈlivɪŋ ˈmeɪbi ˈoʊnli ə smɔl treɪs ɪn ðə maɪnd. ðɪs ˈprɑbləm əv əˈtɛnʃən həz bɪˈkəm wən əv ðə moʊst ˈprɛsɪŋ ˈprɑbləmz əˈfɛktɪŋ kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈwɛstərn soʊˈsaɪɪti ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz. ˈpɛrənts, ˈtiʧərz, ˌjunəˈvərsəti prəˈfɛsərz, ənd ˈbɔsɪz ðə wərld ˈoʊvər ər bɪˈkəmɪŋ əˈwɛr əv ðə soʊˈsaɪɪti əv dɪˈstrækʃən ðət wi ər ˈkərəntli ˈmuvɪŋ ˈɪntu. sɪns ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɪn ðə ˈərli 90s*, ənd ɑr ˈsəbsəkwənt lip ˈɪntu ə wərld əv ˈizəli ækˈsɛsəbəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ɑr kəˈpæsɪti fər səˈsteɪnd əˈtɛnʃən həz dˈwɪndəld ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz. ðə juʤ əˈmaʊnt əv kəmˈpitɪŋ ˈmɛsɪʤɪz ðət wi ɪnˈkaʊnər ˈɛvəri taɪm wi goʊ ˈɔnˌlaɪn nɑt ˈoʊnli ˈoʊvərˌloʊdz ɑr ˈwərkɪŋ ˈmɛməri; ɪt meɪks ɪt səbˈstænʃəli ˈhɑrdər fər ðə ˈfrəntəl loʊbz əv ɑr breɪn tɪ dɪˈrɛkt ɑr əˈtɛnʃən ˈɔntu wən ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr tæsk. ɛz ˈkændəl steɪts, ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ˈprɑpər ˈmɛməri kənˈstrəkʃən ˈivɪn gɪt ˈstɑrtɪd. ənd du tɪ ðə əv ɑr breɪnz, ðə mɔr wi juz ðə wɛb, ðə mɔr ɑr breɪn gɪts juzd tɪ biɪŋ dɪˈstræktɪd; tɪ ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪkˈstrimli kˈwɪkli ənd ɪˈfɪʃəntli wɪˈθaʊt ðə nid fər səˈsteɪnd əˈtɛnʃən. haʊ ˈmɛni əv ˈjuˈɛs hæv faʊnd ɪt ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ ˈkɑnsənˌtreɪt fər ɪkˈstɛndɪd ˈpɪriədz əv taɪm ɔn tæsks ðət rikˈwaɪərd səˈsteɪnd əˈtɛnʃən, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ˈrɛdɪŋ ə bʊk? ər ˈivɪn ˈwɑʧɪŋ ə lɔŋ fɪlm? ˈivɪn ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ˈraɪtɪŋ ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈnoʊtɪst ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ nɑt pɑp ˈoʊpən əˈnəðər tæb ənd ʧɛk ˈfeɪsˌbʊk, ər gmail*, ər tɪ gɪt dɪˈstræktɪd baɪ əˈnəðər ˈhaɪpərlɪŋk ɔn ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt riˈsərʧɪŋ frəm. θru ˈmɛməri ˌdɛləˈgeɪʃən ɑr breɪnz hæv ɛˈsɛnʃəli bɪˈkəm əˈdæptɪd tɪ fərˈgɛtɪŋ, wɪʧ ˈkɔzɪz ðɛm tɪ bɪˈkəm ˌɪˈnɛpt æt rɪˈmɛmbərɪŋ. ənd hir wi bɪˈkəm træpt ɪn ə ˈvɪʃəs ˈsaɪkəl: ɛz ɑr juz əv ðə wɛb meɪks ɪt ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ kip ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən stɔrd ɪn ɑr ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈmɛməri, fɔrst tɪ rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ðə ˈizəli searchable*, ˈɪnstəntli ækˈsɛsəbəl ˈneɪʧər əv ðə ɪkˈstərnəl ˈmɛməri bæŋks. soʊ wɑz ˈsɑkrəˌtiz raɪt? dɪz ðɪs min ðət ɛz taɪm goʊz ɔn, ənd ɑr rɪˈlaɪəns ɔn ˈtɛknɪkəl ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ˌɛkspoʊˈnɛnʃəli, ðət dumd tɪ ə fˈjuʧər əv əˈtɛnʃən ˈdɛfəsət ənd ˈsoʊʃəl dɪˈmɛnʃiə? ɪt meɪ sim soʊ. ˌhaʊˈɛvər ðɛr ɪz əˈnəðər weɪ. ɪn ðə, dɪˈskraɪbz hɪz ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən əv ˈraɪtɪŋ ɛz, ə wərd wɪθ ðə seɪm rut ɛz ɑr ˈɪŋlɪʃ wərd ˈfɑrməsi, ˈminɪŋ (əv kɔrs) ə pleɪs wɛr ˌmɛdəˈkeɪʃənz ənd drəgz ər ˈpərʧəst. ðə juz əv ɪz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ɪn ðɪs ˈkɑntɛkst ɛz ɪt kən bi trænzˈleɪtəd ɛz boʊθ ˈpɔɪzən ənd ˈrɛmədi (ˈsəmθɪŋ dɪˈskəsɪz ɪn hɪz ˈɛˌseɪ pharmacy’*’). ˈmɑdərn tɛkˈnɑləʤi kən bi lʊkt æt ɪn ðə ɪgˈzækt seɪm weɪ; ɪt kən, ənd məst, bi ˌəndərˈstʊd ɛz ˈhævɪŋ boʊθ ˈpɔɪzənəs ənd ˈkjʊrətɪv kˈwɑlətiz. frəm ɑr ˈərliəst ˈrɪtən ˈrɛkərdz ɪn ðə, technê*ê həz bɪn θɔt əv ˌduəˈlɪstɪk, ər ˌfɑrməkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ɪn ˈneɪʧər. tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ðə ˈæˌspɛkt əv ðɪs ˈneɪʧər əv tɛkˈnɑləʤi wi məst bɪˈkəm əˈwɛr əv əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈdæmɪʤ ɑr əˈtɛnʃən, waɪlst kəˈpæsɪti fər tɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli ˌɪmˈpruv ɑr əˈtɛnʃən. ɪn ðə nɛkst pis əv ðɪs ˈsɪriz aɪ wɪl ɪkˈsplɔr ðə ˌɛtɪˈmɑləʤi əv ‘‘attention’*’, ənd ʃoʊ haʊ θru ə mɔr əv ðiz ɪkˈstərnəl ˈmɛməriz wi kən bɪˈgɪn tɪ riˈkæpʧər ðə əˈtɛnʃən həz bɪn lɔst ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz. steɪ tund fər |
when rogers communications began promoting its high-speed internet service nearly a decade ago, the company branded it "the internet on cable." years later, their service, as well as those of their competitors, is gradually morphing into "the internet as cable" as broadcasters, internet service providers, and cultural groups steadily move toward the delivery of content online that bears a striking resemblance to the conventional cable model.
announcements, events & more from and select partners ‘punch to the gut’ musical on residential schools returns to vancouver children of god has been shaped by intense audience reactions, says director corey payette.
while cable television has its virtues -- some consumer choice, the ability to time shift programs by recording them with a or pvr, and video offerings -- it is largely premised on limited consumer control. cable distributors determine channel choices, geographic distribution, and commercial substitution (with input from the broadcast regulator), offer only limited interactivity, and quietly even possess the ability to stop consumers from recording some programs.
until recently, the internet was precisely the opposite, offering unlimited user choice, continuous interactivity and technological capabilities to copy and content. that is gradually changing as broadcasters seek to greater geographic control over their content, experiment with models for prioritized content delivery, and some creator groups lobby the canadian and telecommunications commission to adapt canadian content regulations to the internet.
broadcasters find the net
the of geographic borders on the internet coincides with broadcasters finally jumping on the internet bandwagon, as they race to make their content freely available online. some u.s. broadcasters are selling downloads through services such as apple itunes or amazon.com, yet the unmistakable trend is toward free, streaming of content mere hours after it first appears on commercial television.
each major u.s. broadcaster already offers a handful of shows in this manner with ambitious plans to expand their services in the months ahead. nbc and fox recently unveiled to some critical acclaim, while comedy central created a new site for the popular daily show that features a complete archive of eight years of programming.
canadians, alas, are generally locked out of these sites due to licensing restrictions. canadian broadcasters have been scrambling to buy the internet rights to u.s. programming, both to protect their local broadcasts and to beef up their online presence. u.s. broadcasters may eventually decide it is more profitable to stream their content on a worldwide basis and to remove longstanding geographic restrictions; however, for the moment they are parceling up the internet as they would a broadcast destined for multiple cable markets.
no 'daily show' site for you!
this geographic bordering extends beyond just blocking streamed content. the new daily show site is off-limits for canadians since the comedy central recently took the unprecedented step of redirecting canadian visitors to the comedy network site.
broadcasters are not alone in working to bring the cable model of control to the internet. large are engaged in similar activities, with a history of blocking access to contentious content (telus), limiting bandwidth for alternative content delivery channels (rogers), and raising the prospect of levying fees for priority content delivery (bell).
there have been similar developments in other countries. for example, when earlier this year the bbc launched its iplayer, which allows united kingdom residents to access bbc content online, several broadband providers floated the prospect of charging the bbc for delivering its content on their networks.
going for control
several canadian cultural groups apparently see a parallel opportunity to institute greater control and regulation on the internet. last week, adisq, which represents the quebec recording industry, joined forces with 17 other groups to argue that if can prioritize content for commercial gain, they can be required to do something similar to advance canadian culture.
those claims conveniently ignore the multitude of canadian online success stories, including claques, glacticast, thousands of bloggers, hundreds of podcasters, and video streams from everyone from political parties to the toronto maple leafs. creators ought to be pushing for guaranteed equal treatment online, yet together with the crtc, some are now actively discussing adapting canadian content requirements to the internet, a move that only a few years ago seemed politically improbable and technically impossible.
these issues may ultimately sort themselves out.
users have many tools to defeat geographic blocking, may find themselves subject to net neutrality legislation if they continue to abuse the public's trust by failing to maintain their networks in a transparent, neutral fashion, and cultural groups may come to the realization that regulatory approaches that mandate content requirements are doomed to failure in a world of unlimited content choice.
yet as the canadian broadcasting community gathers in ottawa this week for an annual meeting called broadcasting redefined, it appears that the redefinition of the internet as cable has begun.
related stories: | wɪn ˈrɑʤərz kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz bɪˈgæn prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ɪts ˈhaɪˌspid ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈsərvɪs ˈnɪrli ə ˈdɛkeɪd əˈgoʊ, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈbrændɪd ɪt "ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɔn ˈkeɪbəl." jɪrz ˈleɪtər, ðɛr ˈsərvɪs, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðoʊz əv ðɛr kəmˈpɛtɪtərz, ɪz ˈgræʤuəli ˈmɔrfɪŋ ˈɪntu "ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɛz ˈkeɪbəl" ɛz ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz, ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈsərvɪs prəˈvaɪdərz, ənd ˈkəlʧərəl grups ˈstɛdəli muv təˈwɔrd ðə dɪˈlɪvəri əv ˈkɑntɛnt ˈɔnˌlaɪn ðət bɛrz ə ˈstraɪkɪŋ rɪˈzɛmbləns tɪ ðə kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˈkeɪbəl ˈmɑdəl. əˈnaʊnsmɛnts, ɪˈvɛnts mɔr frəm ənd səˈlɛkt ˈpɑrtnərz tɪ ðə gut’*’ mˈjuzɪkəl ɔn ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl skulz rɪˈtərnz tɪ vænˈkuvər ˈʧɪldrən əv gɑd həz bɪn ʃeɪpt baɪ ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈɔdiəns riˈækʃənz, sɪz dɪˈrɛktər ˈkɔri peɪɛt. waɪl ˈkeɪbəl ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən həz ɪts ˈvərʧuz səm kənˈsumər ʧɔɪs, ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ taɪm ʃɪft ˈproʊˌgræmz baɪ rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ðɛm wɪθ ə ər pvr*, ənd ˈvɪdioʊ ˈɔfərɪŋz ɪt ɪz ˈlɑrʤli ˈprɛməst ɔn ˈlɪmɪtɪd kənˈsumər kənˈtroʊl. ˈkeɪbəl dɪˈstrɪbjətərz dɪˈtərmən ˈʧænəl ˈʧɔɪsɪz, ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən, ənd kəˈmərʃəl ˌsəbstɪˈtuʃən (wɪθ ˈɪnˌpʊt frəm ðə ˈbrɔdˌkæst ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtər), ˈɔfər ˈoʊnli ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˌɪnərˌækˈtɪvɪti, ənd kˈwaɪətli ˈivɪn pəˈzɛs ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ stɑp kənˈsumərz frəm rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ səm ˈproʊˌgræmz. ənˈtɪl ˈrisəntli, ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt wɑz prɪˈsaɪsli ðə ˈɑpəzɪt, ˈɔfərɪŋ ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈjuzər ʧɔɪs, kənˈtɪnjuəs ˌɪnərˌækˈtɪvɪti ənd ˌtɛknəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz tɪ ˈkɑpi ənd ˈkɑntɛnt. ðət ɪz ˈgræʤuəli ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ɛz ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz sik tɪ ˈgreɪtər ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ðɛr ˈkɑntɛnt, ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɪθ ˈmɑdəlz fər praɪˈɔrəˌtaɪzd ˈkɑntɛnt dɪˈlɪvəri, ənd səm kriˈeɪtər grups ˈlɑbi ðə kəˈneɪdiən ənd ˌtɛləkəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz kəˈmɪʃən tɪ əˈdæpt kəˈneɪdiən ˈkɑntɛnt ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz tɪ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz faɪnd ðə nɛt ðə əv ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk ˈbɔrdərz ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪdz wɪθ ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz ˈfaɪnəli ˈʤəmpɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈbændˌwægən, ɛz ðeɪ reɪs tɪ meɪk ðɛr ˈkɑntɛnt ˈfrili əˈveɪləbəl ˈɔnˌlaɪn. səm juz. ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz ər ˈsɛlɪŋ ˈdaʊnˌloʊdz θru ˈsərvɪsɪz səʧ ɛz ˈæpəl ˈaɪˌtunz ər amazon.com*, jɛt ðə ˌənmɪˈsteɪkəbəl trɛnd ɪz təˈwɔrd fri, ˈstrimɪŋ əv ˈkɑntɛnt mɪr aʊərz ˈæftər ɪt fərst əˈpɪrz ɔn kəˈmərʃəl ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən. iʧ ˈmeɪʤər juz. ˈbrɔdˌkæstər ɔˈrɛdi ˈɔfərz ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv ʃoʊz ɪn ðɪs ˈmænər wɪθ æmˈbɪʃəs plænz tɪ ɪkˈspænd ðɛr ˈsərvɪsɪz ɪn ðə mənθs əˈhɛd. ˈɛnˌbiˈsi ənd fɑks ˈrisəntli ənˈveɪld tɪ səm ˈkrɪtɪkəl əˈkleɪm, waɪl ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛntrəl kriˈeɪtɪd ə nu saɪt fər ðə ˈpɑpjələr ˈdeɪli ʃoʊ ðət ˈfiʧərz ə kəmˈplit ˈɑrˌkaɪv əv eɪt jɪrz əv ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ. kəˈneɪdiənz, əˈlæs, ər ˈʤɛnərəli lɑkt aʊt əv ðiz saɪts du tɪ ˈlaɪsənsɪŋ riˈstrɪkʃənz. kəˈneɪdiən ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz hæv bɪn ˈskræmbəlɪŋ tɪ baɪ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt raɪts tɪ juz. ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ, boʊθ tɪ prəˈtɛkt ðɛr ˈloʊkəl ˈbrɔdˌkæsts ənd tɪ bif əp ðɛr ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈprɛzəns. juz. ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz meɪ ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˌdɪˈsaɪd ɪt ɪz mɔr ˈprɑfətəbəl tɪ strim ðɛr ˈkɑntɛnt ɔn ə ˈwərldˈwaɪd ˈbeɪsɪs ənd tɪ riˈmuv ˈlɔŋˌstændɪŋ ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk riˈstrɪkʃənz; ˌhaʊˈɛvər, fər ðə ˈmoʊmənt ðeɪ ər ˈpɑrsəlɪŋ əp ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɛz ðeɪ wʊd ə ˈbrɔdˌkæst ˈdɛstɪnd fər ˈməltəpəl ˈkeɪbəl ˈmɑrkɪts. noʊ 'ˈdeɪli ʃoʊ' saɪt fər ju! ðɪs ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk ˈbɔrdərɪŋ ɪkˈstɛndz bɪɔnd ʤɪst ˈblɑkɪŋ strimd ˈkɑntɛnt. ðə nu ˈdeɪli ʃoʊ saɪt ɪz ˌɔˈflɪmɪts fər kəˈneɪdiənz sɪns ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛntrəl ˈrisəntli tʊk ðə ənˈprɛsɪˌdɛntɪd stɛp əv ˌridərˈɛktɪŋ kəˈneɪdiən ˈvɪzɪtərz tɪ ðə ˈkɑmədi ˈnɛtˌwərk saɪt. ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz ər nɑt əˈloʊn ɪn ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ brɪŋ ðə ˈkeɪbəl ˈmɑdəl əv kənˈtroʊl tɪ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. lɑrʤ ər ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn ˈsɪmələr ækˈtɪvɪtiz, wɪθ ə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈblɑkɪŋ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ kənˈtɛnʃəs ˈkɑntɛnt (telus*), ˈlɪmətɪŋ ˈbændwɪdθ fər ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˈkɑntɛnt dɪˈlɪvəri ˈʧænəlz (ˈrɑʤərz), ənd ˈreɪzɪŋ ðə ˈprɑspɛkt əv ˈlɛviɪŋ fiz fər praɪˈɔrəti ˈkɑntɛnt dɪˈlɪvəri (bɛl). ðɛr hæv bɪn ˈsɪmələr dɪˈvɛləpmənts ɪn ˈəðər ˈkəntriz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, wɪn ˈərliər ðɪs jɪr ðə ˌbibiˈsi lɔnʧt ɪts iplayer*, wɪʧ əˈlaʊz juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm ˈrɛzɪdənts tɪ ˈækˌsɛs ˌbibiˈsi ˈkɑntɛnt ˈɔnˌlaɪn, ˈsɛvərəl ˈbrɔdˌbænd prəˈvaɪdərz ˈfloʊtɪd ðə ˈprɑspɛkt əv ˈʧɑrʤɪŋ ðə ˌbibiˈsi fər dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ ɪts ˈkɑntɛnt ɔn ðɛr ˈnɛtˌwərks. goʊɪŋ fər kənˈtroʊl ˈsɛvərəl kəˈneɪdiən ˈkəlʧərəl grups əˈpɛrəntli si ə ˈpɛrəˌlɛl ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ˈɪnstɪˌtut ˈgreɪtər kənˈtroʊl ənd ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. læst wik, ˈeɪdɪsk, wɪʧ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ðə kwəˈbɛk rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ˈɪndəstri, ʤɔɪnd ˈfɔrsɪz wɪθ 17 ˈəðər grups tɪ ˈɑrgju ðət ɪf kən praɪˈɔrəˌtaɪz ˈkɑntɛnt fər kəˈmərʃəl geɪn, ðeɪ kən bi rikˈwaɪərd tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈsɪmələr tɪ ədˈvæns kəˈneɪdiən ˈkəlʧər. ðoʊz kleɪmz kənˈvinjəntli ˌɪgˈnɔr ðə ˈməltəˌtud əv kəˈneɪdiən ˈɔnˌlaɪn səkˈsɛs ˈstɔriz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ claques*, glacticast*, ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈblɔgərz, ˈhənərdz əv podcasters*, ənd ˈvɪdioʊ strimz frəm ˈɛvriˌwən frəm pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrtiz tɪ ðə tərˈɑntoʊ ˈmeɪpəl lifs. kriˈeɪtərz ɔt tɪ bi ˈpʊʃɪŋ fər ˌgɛrənˈtid ˈikwəl ˈtritmənt ˈɔnˌlaɪn, jɛt təˈgɛðər wɪθ ðə crtc*, səm ər naʊ ˈæktɪvli dɪˈskəsɪŋ əˈdæptɪŋ kəˈneɪdiən ˈkɑntɛnt rɪkˈwaɪrmənts tɪ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, ə muv ðət ˈoʊnli ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ simd ˈplɪtɪkli ˌɪmˈprɑbəbəl ənd ˈtɛknɪkəli ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl. ðiz ˈɪʃuz meɪ ˈəltəmətli sɔrt ðɛmˈsɛlvz aʊt. ˈjuzərz hæv ˈmɛni tulz tɪ dɪˈfit ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk ˈblɑkɪŋ, meɪ faɪnd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ nɛt nuˈtræləti ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ɪf ðeɪ kənˈtɪnju tɪ əˈbjuz ðə ˈpəblɪks trəst baɪ ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ðɛr ˈnɛtˌwərks ɪn ə trænˈspɛrənt, ˈnutrəl ˈfæʃən, ənd ˈkəlʧərəl grups meɪ kəm tɪ ðə ˈriləˈzeɪʃən ðət ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri əˈproʊʧɪz ðət ˈmænˌdeɪt ˈkɑntɛnt rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ər dumd tɪ ˈfeɪljər ɪn ə wərld əv ənˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈkɑntɛnt ʧɔɪs. jɛt ɛz ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈbrɔdˌkæstɪŋ kəmˈjunɪti ˈgæðərz ɪn ˈɑtəˌwɑ ðɪs wik fər ən ˈænjuəl ˈmitɪŋ kɔld ˈbrɔdˌkæstɪŋ ridɪˈfaɪnd, ɪt əˈpɪrz ðət ðə riˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɛz ˈkeɪbəl həz ˈbeɪgən. rɪˈleɪtɪd ˈstɔriz: |
yvonne is a cow who in 2011 escaped from her farmer in mühldorf, germany, attracting media attention as she hid in the woods for many weeks. farmers, police, and activists were unable to find or capture her.
history [ edit ]
yvonne, born in 2005, lived as a dairy cow for a mountain farmer in the valley in the austrian alps. in march 2011 she was sold to a farmer in am inn, bavaria, who planned to fatten and slaughter her. on 24 may 2011 yvonne escaped from her pasture and hid in woods near the villages of and in citation given (see] after her escape, yvonne was bought by activist michael aufhauser, who intended to capture her and transport her to his animal sanctuary, gut, a former farm in deggendorf, bavaria.
multiple techniques were used to find her and draw her out of hiding. searchers used infrared cameras, a helicopter, and used other cows as lures, which also escaped and are being lured with additional]
as all attempts to capture yvonne failed, the cow received increasing attention from the mass media in germany and austria and later all over the world. bild tabloid offered a reward of ten thousand euros for her]
yvonne could be located but not captured because activists and police[who?] feared that any approach could drive her out of the area and onto streets. yvonne's first owner reports that yvonne has a very nervous needed]
the campaign to save yvonne from the hunter's bullet was successful when the order to shoot on sight was rescinded permanently on 28 august 2011. it was decided to ask all helpers to leave the area, with a single hunter remaining to try to tranquilize yvonne if possible. she would then be moved to the animal sanctuary owned by michael aufhauser. concern grew, however, that with the approach of winter she might find it difficult to find proper food and shelter. calls were made for food, water, and shelter to be provided in the forest for needed]
on 1 september 2011 yvonne was captured in unteralmsham, near stefanskirchen, and taken to the gut animal sanctuary, where it is presumed that she will spend the rest of her days safely grazing at]
media [ edit ]
u.s. producer max howard and papa with torsten and peart on development of the family feature film, "cow on the] | ˌɪˈvɑn ɪz ə kaʊ hu ɪn 2011 ɪˈskeɪpt frəm hər ˈfɑrmər ɪn mühldorf*, ˈʤərməni, əˈtræktɪŋ ˈmidiə əˈtɛnʃən ɛz ʃi hɪd ɪn ðə wʊdz fər ˈmɛni wiks. ˈfɑrmərz, pəˈlis, ənd ˈæktɪvɪsts wər əˈneɪbəl tɪ faɪnd ər ˈkæpʧər hər. ˈhɪstəri ˈɛdət ˌɪˈvɑn, bɔrn ɪn 2005 lɪvd ɛz ə ˈdɛri kaʊ fər ə ˈmaʊntən ˈfɑrmər ɪn ðə ˈvæli ɪn ðə ˈɔstriən ælps. ɪn mɑrʧ 2011 ʃi wɑz soʊld tɪ ə ˈfɑrmər ɪn æm ɪn, bəˈvɛriə, hu plænd tɪ ˈfætən ənd sˈlɔtər hər. ɔn 24 meɪ 2011 ˌɪˈvɑn ɪˈskeɪpt frəm hər ˈpæsʧər ənd hɪd ɪn wʊdz nɪr ðə ˈvɪlɪʤɪz əv ənd ɪn saɪˈteɪʃən ˈgɪvɪn (si ˈæftər hər ɪˈskeɪp, ˌɪˈvɑn wɑz bɔt baɪ ˈæktɪvɪst ˈmaɪkəl ˈɔfˌhaʊzər, hu ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ ˈkæpʧər hər ənd ˈtrænspɔrt hər tɪ hɪz ˈænəməl ˈsæŋkʧuˌɛri, gət, ə ˈfɔrmər fɑrm ɪn deggendorf*, bəˈvɛriə. ˈməltəpəl tɛkˈniks wər juzd tɪ faɪnd hər ənd drɔ hər aʊt əv ˈhaɪdɪŋ. ˈsərʧərz juzd ˌɪnfrərˈɛd ˈkæmərəz, ə ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər, ənd juzd ˈəðər kaʊz ɛz lʊrz, wɪʧ ˈɔlsoʊ ɪˈskeɪpt ənd ər biɪŋ lʊrd wɪθ əˈdɪʃənəl ɛz ɔl əˈtɛmpts tɪ ˈkæpʧər ˌɪˈvɑn feɪld, ðə kaʊ rɪˈsivd ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ əˈtɛnʃən frəm ðə mæs ˈmidiə ɪn ˈʤərməni ənd ˈɔstriə ənd ˈleɪtər ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə wərld. bɪld ˈtæblɔɪd ˈɔfərd ə rɪˈwɔrd əv tɛn ˈθaʊzənd ˈjuˌroʊz fər hər ˌɪˈvɑn kʊd bi ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd bət nɑt ˈkæpʧərd bɪˈkəz ˈæktɪvɪsts ənd police[who*?] fɪrd ðət ˈɛni əˈproʊʧ kʊd draɪv hər aʊt əv ðə ˈɛriə ənd ˈɔntu strits. ˌɪˈvɑnz fərst ˈoʊnər rɪˈpɔrts ðət ˌɪˈvɑn həz ə ˈvɛri ˈnərvəs ˈnidɪd] ðə kæmˈpeɪn tɪ seɪv ˌɪˈvɑn frəm ðə ˈhəntərz ˈbʊlət wɑz səkˈsɛsfəl wɪn ðə ˈɔrdər tɪ ʃut ɔn saɪt wɑz rɪˈsɪndɪd ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli ɔn 28 ˈɔgəst 2011 ɪt wɑz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ æsk ɔl ˈhɛlpərz tɪ liv ðə ˈɛriə, wɪθ ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈhəntər rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ tɪ traɪ tɪ ˈtræŋkwəˌlaɪz ˌɪˈvɑn ɪf ˈpɑsəbəl. ʃi wʊd ðɛn bi muvd tɪ ðə ˈænəməl ˈsæŋkʧuˌɛri oʊnd baɪ ˈmaɪkəl ˈɔfˌhaʊzər. kənˈsərn gru, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət wɪθ ðə əˈproʊʧ əv ˈwɪntər ʃi maɪt faɪnd ɪt ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ faɪnd ˈprɑpər fud ənd ˈʃɛltər. kɔlz wər meɪd fər fud, ˈwɔtər, ənd ˈʃɛltər tɪ bi prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪn ðə ˈfɔrɪst fər ˈnidɪd] ɔn 1 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2011 ˌɪˈvɑn wɑz ˈkæpʧərd ɪn unteralmsham*, nɪr stefanskirchen*, ənd ˈteɪkən tɪ ðə gət ˈænəməl ˈsæŋkʧuˌɛri, wɛr ɪt ɪz prɪˈzumd ðət ʃi wɪl spɛnd ðə rɛst əv hər deɪz ˈseɪfli ˈgreɪzɪŋ æt ˈmidiə ˈɛdət juz. prəˈdusər mæks haʊərd ənd ˈpɑˌpə wɪθ ˈtɔrstən ənd pərt ɔn dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ðə ˈfæməli ˈfiʧər fɪlm, "kaʊ ɔn ðə |
sound usually the first thing that comes to mind when playing a mobile game. but that could change if, michael, gets his way.
in an interview, described the latest app, dimensions and the potential of sonic augmented reality applications, a genre so bleeding edge that his apps may be the first entries to it.
breidenbruecker is a of, the web music service that tracks, or scrobbles, the music its users listen to across a variety of environments, devices, and software applications. he is also the founder of, the mobile app company that created inception the app, which is based on the movie of the same name. inception- the app takes gamers through a dream space, allowing them to move through and experience dream state to dream state, collecting and unlocking new dreams in the process.
dimensions has a similar concept, moving between dimensions, but is based on sound that of the environment the user is in. calls the technology here king kong context detection technology, a title which he says was created “because it sounds more fun than the technical terms.” the app is a sonic experience, creating an almost hallucinogenic trip through own life activities.
inspired by games like shadow cities and epic win, wanted to create a game that connects to the things we do in our real life. contextual cues form the kernel from which the game experience can create a sonic environment. in dimensions, also a maps component, with players seeking out glowing “quantum cells,” a kind of currency that players use power a beam used to gather artifacts and repel enemies.
ultimately, though, is interested in the bigger ideas, like will ideas, which he read about right here on venturebeat. the app developers at wanted to create a game where players need to focus on the game at all times to make a game that could be played in real life, rather than only on the touchscreen. he says, “when we started to talk about that, and we read what will wright is up to at the moment, we realized that the whole genre is starting to happen here, which was super interesting and new.”
he’s also aware that being the first to a new genre always a guarantee of success. being a little too far ahead of the curve could alienate users who quite grasp the concepts of a game like dimensions. “this has never been done before,” said. “usually never the first one that makes it happen, but too good of an idea not to do it!”
while the company continues to work on the technology behind an app like this, they willing to rest on their laurels. he spent a couple of minutes teasing the idea of a future project involving the contextual engine behind the dimensions app. “your phone is always with you lots of talk recently about carrier iq in the end, we can actually create so many more services out of the personal connection between phone and human,” says. collecting data is a neutral activity we all do it. however, he says, “it’s more about what you do with the data. is, ultimately, spyware. collect the data openly and honestly neighbor radio, personal charts, etc. about “context” data.”
sounds like a man with a plan, it? while we speculate on next for such a groundbreaking concept and talented team of individuals like, sincerely planning on keeping an eye on whatever comes out of the studio in the coming months. | saʊnd ˈjuʒəwəli ðə fərst θɪŋ ðət kəmz tɪ maɪnd wɪn pleɪɪŋ ə ˈmoʊbəl geɪm. bət ðət kʊd ʧeɪnʤ ɪf, ˈmaɪkəl, gɪts hɪz weɪ. ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju, dɪˈskraɪbd ðə ˈleɪtəst æp, dɪˈmɛnʃənz ənd ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl əv ˈsɑnɪk ɑgˈmɛntəd ˌriˈæləˌti ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz, ə ˈʒɑnrə soʊ ˈblidɪŋ ɛʤ ðət hɪz æps meɪ bi ðə fərst ˈɛntriz tɪ ɪt. ɪz ə əv, ðə wɛb mˈjuzɪk ˈsərvɪs ðət træks, ər scrobbles*, ðə mˈjuzɪk ɪts ˈjuzərz ˈlɪsən tɪ əˈkrɔs ə vərˈaɪəti əv ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts, dɪˈvaɪsɪz, ənd ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz. hi ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ˈfaʊndər əv, ðə ˈmoʊbəl æp ˈkəmpəˌni ðət kriˈeɪtɪd ˌɪnˈsɛpʃən ðə æp, wɪʧ ɪz beɪst ɔn ðə ˈmuvi əv ðə seɪm neɪm. ˌɪnˈsɛpʃən- ðə æp teɪks ˈgeɪmərz θru ə drim speɪs, əˈlaʊɪŋ ðɛm tɪ muv θru ənd ɪkˈspɪriəns drim steɪt tɪ drim steɪt, kəˈlɛktɪŋ ənd ənˈlɑkɪŋ nu drimz ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. dɪˈmɛnʃənz həz ə ˈsɪmələr ˈkɑnsɛpt, ˈmuvɪŋ bɪtˈwin dɪˈmɛnʃənz, bət ɪz beɪst ɔn saʊnd ðət əv ðə ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ðə ˈjuzər ɪz ɪn. kɔlz ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi hir kɪŋ kɔŋg ˈkɑntɛkst dɪˈtɛkʃən tɛkˈnɑləʤi, ə ˈtaɪtəl wɪʧ hi sɪz wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd ɪt saʊnz mɔr fən ðən ðə ˈtɛknɪkəl terms.”*.” ðə æp ɪz ə ˈsɑnɪk ɪkˈspɪriəns, kriˈeɪtɪŋ ən ˈɔlˌmoʊst həˌlusənəˈʤɛnɪk trɪp θru oʊn laɪf ækˈtɪvɪtiz. ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ geɪmz laɪk ˈʃæˌdoʊ ˈsɪtiz ənd ˈɛpɪk wɪn, ˈwɔntɪd tɪ kriˈeɪt ə geɪm ðət kəˈnɛkts tɪ ðə θɪŋz wi du ɪn ɑr ril laɪf. ˌkɑnˈtɛksˌʧuəl kjuz fɔrm ðə ˈkərnəl frəm wɪʧ ðə geɪm ɪkˈspɪriəns kən kriˈeɪt ə ˈsɑnɪk ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt. ɪn dɪˈmɛnʃənz, ˈɔlsoʊ ə mæps kəmˈpoʊnənt, wɪθ pleɪərz ˈsikɪŋ aʊt gloʊɪŋ cells,”*,” ə kaɪnd əv ˈkərənsi ðət pleɪərz juz paʊər ə bim juzd tɪ ˈgæðər ˈɑrtəˌfækts ənd rɪˈpɛl ˈɛnəmiz. ˈəltəmətli, ðoʊ, ɪz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ðə ˈbɪgər aɪˈdiəz, laɪk wɪl aɪˈdiəz, wɪʧ hi rɛd əˈbaʊt raɪt hir ɔn venturebeat*. ðə æp dɪˈvɛləpərz æt ˈwɔntɪd tɪ kriˈeɪt ə geɪm wɛr pleɪərz nid tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ðə geɪm æt ɔl taɪmz tɪ meɪk ə geɪm ðət kʊd bi pleɪd ɪn ril laɪf, ˈrəðər ðən ˈoʊnli ɔn ðə touchscreen*. hi sɪz, wi ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ðət, ənd wi rɛd wət wɪl raɪt ɪz əp tɪ æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt, wi ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət ðə hoʊl ˈʒɑnrə ɪz ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ ˈhæpən hir, wɪʧ wɑz ˈsupər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd new.”*.” ˈɔlsoʊ əˈwɛr ðət biɪŋ ðə fərst tɪ ə nu ˈʒɑnrə ˈɔlˌweɪz ə ˌgɛrənˈti əv səkˈsɛs. biɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl tu fɑr əˈhɛd əv ðə kərv kʊd ˈeɪljəˌneɪt ˈjuzərz hu kwaɪt græsp ðə ˈkɑnsɛpts əv ə geɪm laɪk dɪˈmɛnʃənz. həz ˈnɛvər bɪn dən before,”*,” sɛd. ˈnɛvər ðə fərst wən ðət meɪks ɪt ˈhæpən, bət tu gʊd əv ən aɪˈdiə nɑt tɪ du it!”*!” waɪl ðə ˈkəmpəˌni kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ wərk ɔn ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi bɪˈhaɪnd ən æp laɪk ðɪs, ðeɪ ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ rɛst ɔn ðɛr ˈlɔrəlz. hi spɛnt ə ˈkəpəl əv ˈmɪnəts ˈtizɪŋ ðə aɪˈdiə əv ə fˈjuʧər ˈprɑʤɛkt ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ðə ˌkɑnˈtɛksˌʧuəl ˈɪnʤən bɪˈhaɪnd ðə dɪˈmɛnʃənz æp. foʊn ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz wɪθ ju lɑts əv tɔk ˈrisəntli əˈbaʊt ˈkɛriər ˈaɪˈkju ɪn ðə ɛnd, wi kən ˈæˌkʧuəli kriˈeɪt soʊ ˈmɛni mɔr ˈsərvɪsɪz aʊt əv ðə ˈpərsɪnəl kəˈnɛkʃən bɪtˈwin foʊn ənd human,”*,” sɪz. kəˈlɛktɪŋ ˈdætə ɪz ə ˈnutrəl ækˈtɪvɪti wi ɔl du ɪt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hi sɪz, mɔr əˈbaʊt wət ju du wɪθ ðə ˈdætə. ɪz, ˈəltəmətli, ˈspaɪˌwɛr. kəˈlɛkt ðə ˈdætə ˈoʊpənli ənd ˈɑnəstli ˈneɪbər ˈreɪdiˌoʊ, ˈpərsɪnəl ʧɑrts, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. əˈbaʊt ““context”*” data.”*.” saʊnz laɪk ə mæn wɪθ ə plæn, ɪt? waɪl wi ˈspɛkjəˌleɪt ɔn nɛkst fər səʧ ə ˈgraʊnˌbreɪkɪŋ ˈkɑnsɛpt ənd ˈtæləntɪd tim əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz laɪk, sɪnˈsɪrli ˈplænɪŋ ɔn ˈkipɪŋ ən aɪ ɔn ˌwəˈtɛvər kəmz aʊt əv ðə ˈstudiˌoʊ ɪn ðə ˈkəmɪŋ mənθs. |
vice president joe biden is known for his speeches. but there is one particular speech biden gave that i've never forgotten. i remember seeing it on tv, half-listening, and then, all at once, realizing biden was saying something i had never heard him say before, something i had never heard any politician say before.
on may 25, 2012, biden spoke to families of fallen soldiers and described the appeal of suicide.
"i probably say this with the press here," biden said, "but no, but more important, more important. for the first time in my life, i understood how someone could consciously decide to commit suicide. not because they were deranged, not because they were nuts, because they had been to the top of the mountain, and they just knew in their heart they would never get there again."
it's a startling speech and it's particularly startling to hear biden give it. biden is america's most politician. the internet delights in pictures of him eating ice cream cones, flattering grandmothers, smiling that big smile. the onion has created an biden, a guy who loves crushing beers while washing his shirtless.
but the real joe biden doesn't drink. there's too much alcoholism in his background. and the real biden isn't as carefree as his public persona suggests. the real biden buried his wife and one of his children before he turned 30. but somehow, he keeps smiling.
when you think of what joe endured and what he's like, he seems to get something right about life that most of us don't. michael grunwald (@mikegrunwald) may 31, 2015
in 1972, a week after biden was elected to the senate at the age of 29, his wife and daughter were killed in a car crash. they had been out christmas shopping, and they were hit by a tractor trailer. his sons were also hospitalized. it wasn't clear that they would survive. if they did survive, there might be brain damage.
in his book what it takes, the late richard ben cramer described the scene that confronted biden at the hospital:
the doctors came out to find him: "we lost and the baby." the boys were still being worked on— broken hips, legs, arms. beau was all cut up, and hunter— concussion. doctors sure ... brain damage possible. have to transfer hunt— another hospital, top pediatrics ... they had to get beau into traction [...] they moved the boys to a private room. the boys’ legs were going into spasms. shots, ivs, traction. joe leave. he focused. the boys. this boy. his leg. raise the bed. that lever. that cloth. wet the cloth. ... his boys were all that was left. [...] sometimes he thought it would be easier ... if he were the only one left ... then he could kill himself. it was the boys, kept him alive.
biden's political career almost ended before it began. he almost resigned his seat before he took it. but he ended up taking the oath of office. he took it at the side of hospital bed.
biden took his 1973 senate oath at the bedside of his children who were injured in crash that killed his wife. andrew kaczynski (@buzzfeedandrew) may 31, 2015
in the decades after, biden would commute to and from washington on the train, trying to get home each night to see his children. in a recent speech at yale, he said that bond with his sons was his "redemption":
i began to commute thinking i was only going to stay a little while four hours a day, every day from washington to wilmington, which done for over 37 years. i did it because i wanted to be able to kiss them goodnight and kiss them in the morning the next day. no, "ozzie and harriet" breakfast or great familial thing, just climb in bed with them. because i came to realize that a child can hold an important thought, something they want to say to their mom and dad, maybe for 12 or 24 hours, and then gone. and when gone, gone. and it all adds up. but looking back on it, the truth be told, the real reason i went home every night was that i needed my children more than they needed me.
biden's son beau was diagnosed with brain cancer in august 2013. in november of 2013, after treatment, the cancer seemed beaten. it returned in may 2015. and now joe biden will have to bury another child.
in that 2012 speech, biden talks about the constant weight of grief. "just when you think, ‘maybe going to make it,’ riding down the road and you pass a field and you see a flower, and it reminds you. or you hear a tune on the radio. or you just look up in the night. you know, you think, ‘maybe not going to make it, man.' because you feel at that moment the way you felt the day you got the news."
biden doesn't end the speech easy. he doesn't say the grief ever goes away. he just says, eventually, it makes room for other things, too.
"there will come a day i promise you, and your parents as well when the thought of your son or daughter, or your husband or wife, brings a smile to your lips before it brings a tear to your eye," biden says. "it will happen." | vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤoʊ ˈbaɪdən ɪz noʊn fər hɪz ˈspiʧɪz. bət ðɛr ɪz wən ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr spiʧ ˈbaɪdən geɪv ðət aɪv ˈnɛvər fərˈgɑtən. aɪ rɪˈmɛmbər siɪŋ ɪt ɔn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, half-listening*, ənd ðɛn, ɔl æt wəns, ˈriəˌlaɪzɪŋ ˈbaɪdən wɑz seɪɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ aɪ hæd ˈnɛvər hərd ɪm seɪ ˌbiˈfɔr, ˈsəmθɪŋ aɪ hæd ˈnɛvər hərd ˈɛni ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən seɪ ˌbiˈfɔr. ɔn meɪ 25 2012 ˈbaɪdən spoʊk tɪ ˈfæməliz əv ˈfɑlən ˈsoʊlʤərz ənd dɪˈskraɪbd ðə əˈpil əv ˈsuɪˌsaɪd. "aɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli seɪ ðɪs wɪθ ðə prɛs hir," ˈbaɪdən sɛd, "bət noʊ, bət mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn maɪ laɪf, aɪ ˌəndərˈstʊd haʊ ˈsəmˌwən kʊd ˈkɑnʃəsli ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ kəˈmɪt ˈsuɪˌsaɪd. nɑt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wər dɪˈreɪnʤd, nɑt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wər nəts, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ hæd bɪn tɪ ðə tɔp əv ðə ˈmaʊntən, ənd ðeɪ ʤɪst nu ɪn ðɛr hɑrt ðeɪ wʊd ˈnɛvər gɪt ðɛr əˈgɛn." ɪts ə ˈstɑrtlɪŋ spiʧ ənd ɪts ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈstɑrtlɪŋ tɪ hir ˈbaɪdən gɪv ɪt. ˈbaɪdən ɪz əˈmɛrɪkəz moʊst ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən. ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt dɪˈlaɪts ɪn ˈpɪkʧərz əv ɪm ˈitɪŋ aɪs krim koʊnz, ˈflætərɪŋ ˈgrændˌməðərz, sˈmaɪlɪŋ ðət bɪg smaɪl. ðə ˈənjən həz kriˈeɪtɪd ən ˈbaɪdən, ə gaɪ hu ləvz ˈkrəʃɪŋ bɪrz waɪl ˈwɑʃɪŋ hɪz shirtless*. bət ðə ril ʤoʊ ˈbaɪdən ˈdəzənt drɪŋk. ðɛrz tu məʧ ˈælkəˌhɔˌlɪzəm ɪn hɪz ˈbækˌgraʊnd. ənd ðə ril ˈbaɪdən ˈɪzənt ɛz ˈkɛrˌfri ɛz hɪz ˈpəblɪk pərˈsoʊnə səˈʤɛsts. ðə ril ˈbaɪdən ˈbɛrid hɪz waɪf ənd wən əv hɪz ˈʧɪldrən ˌbiˈfɔr hi tərnd 30 bət ˈsəmˌhaʊ, hi kips sˈmaɪlɪŋ. wɪn ju θɪŋk əv wət ʤoʊ ɪnˈdʊrd ənd wət hiz laɪk, hi simz tɪ gɪt ˈsəmθɪŋ raɪt əˈbaʊt laɪf ðət moʊst əv ˈjuˈɛs doʊnt. ˈmaɪkəl ˈgrənˌwɔld (@mikegrunwald*) meɪ 31 2015 ɪn 1972 ə wik ˈæftər ˈbaɪdən wɑz ɪˈlɛktɪd tɪ ðə ˈsɛnɪt æt ðə eɪʤ əv 29 hɪz waɪf ənd ˈdɔtər wər kɪld ɪn ə kɑr kræʃ. ðeɪ hæd bɪn aʊt ˈkrɪsməs ˈʃɑpɪŋ, ənd ðeɪ wər hɪt baɪ ə ˈtræktər ˈtreɪlər. hɪz sənz wər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈhɑspɪtəˌlaɪzd. ɪt ˈwəzənt klɪr ðət ðeɪ wʊd sərˈvaɪv. ɪf ðeɪ dɪd sərˈvaɪv, ðɛr maɪt bi breɪn ˈdæmɪʤ. ɪn hɪz bʊk wət ɪt teɪks, ðə leɪt ˈrɪʧərd bɛn ˈkreɪmər dɪˈskraɪbd ðə sin ðət kənˈfrəntɪd ˈbaɪdən æt ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl: ðə ˈdɑktərz keɪm aʊt tɪ faɪnd ɪm: "wi lɔst ənd ðə ˈbeɪbi." ðə bɔɪz wər stɪl biɪŋ wərkt on—*— ˈbroʊkən hɪps, lɛgz, ɑrmz. boʊ wɑz ɔl kət əp, ənd hunter—*— kənˈkəʃən. ˈdɑktərz ʃʊr breɪn ˈdæmɪʤ ˈpɑsəbəl. hæv tɪ ˈtrænsfər hunt—*— əˈnəðər ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, tɔp ˌpidiˈætrɪks ðeɪ hæd tɪ gɪt boʊ ˈɪntu ˈtrækʃən ðeɪ muvd ðə bɔɪz tɪ ə ˈpraɪvət rum. ðə boys’*’ lɛgz wər goʊɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈspæzəmz. ʃɑts, ivs*, ˈtrækʃən. ʤoʊ liv. hi ˈfoʊkɪst. ðə bɔɪz. ðɪs bɔɪ. hɪz lɛg. reɪz ðə bɛd. ðət ˈlɛvər. ðət klɔθ. wɛt ðə klɔθ. hɪz bɔɪz wər ɔl ðət wɑz lɛft. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz hi θɔt ɪt wʊd bi ˈiziər ɪf hi wər ðə ˈoʊnli wən lɛft ðɛn hi kʊd kɪl hɪmˈsɛlf. ɪt wɑz ðə bɔɪz, kɛpt ɪm əˈlaɪv. pəˈlɪtɪkəl kərɪr ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛndɪd ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt bɪˈgæn. hi ˈɔlˌmoʊst rɪˈzaɪnd hɪz sit ˌbiˈfɔr hi tʊk ɪt. bət hi ˈɛndɪd əp ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə oʊθ əv ˈɔfəs. hi tʊk ɪt æt ðə saɪd əv ˈhɑˌspɪtəl bɛd. ˈbaɪdən tʊk hɪz 1973 ˈsɛnɪt oʊθ æt ðə ˈbɛdˌsaɪd əv hɪz ˈʧɪldrən hu wər ˈɪnʤərd ɪn kræʃ ðət kɪld hɪz waɪf. ˈændru kəˈʧɪnski (@buzzfeedandrew*) meɪ 31 2015 ɪn ðə ˈdɛkeɪdz ˈæftər, ˈbaɪdən wʊd kəmˈjut tɪ ənd frəm ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ɔn ðə treɪn, traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt hoʊm iʧ naɪt tɪ si hɪz ˈʧɪldrən. ɪn ə ˈrisənt spiʧ æt jeɪl, hi sɛd ðət bɑnd wɪθ hɪz sənz wɑz hɪz "rɪˈdɛmʃən": aɪ bɪˈgæn tɪ kəmˈjut ˈθɪŋkɪŋ aɪ wɑz ˈoʊnli goʊɪŋ tɪ steɪ ə ˈlɪtəl waɪl fɔr aʊərz ə deɪ, ˈɛvəri deɪ frəm ˈwɔʃɪŋtən tɪ ˈwɪlmɪŋtən, wɪʧ dən fər ˈoʊvər 37 jɪrz. aɪ dɪd ɪt bɪˈkəz aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ kɪs ðɛm ˈgʊdˌnaɪt ənd kɪs ðɛm ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ ðə nɛkst deɪ. noʊ, "ˈɑˌzi ənd ˈhɛriət" ˈbrɛkfəst ər greɪt fəˈmɪljəl θɪŋ, ʤɪst klaɪm ɪn bɛd wɪθ ðɛm. bɪˈkəz aɪ keɪm tɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz ðət ə ʧaɪld kən hoʊld ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt θɔt, ˈsəmθɪŋ ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ seɪ tɪ ðɛr mɑm ənd dæd, ˈmeɪbi fər 12 ər 24 aʊərz, ənd ðɛn gɔn. ənd wɪn gɔn, gɔn. ənd ɪt ɔl ædz əp. bət ˈlʊkɪŋ bæk ɔn ɪt, ðə truθ bi toʊld, ðə ril ˈrizən aɪ wɛnt hoʊm ˈɛvəri naɪt wɑz ðət aɪ ˈnidɪd maɪ ˈʧɪldrən mɔr ðən ðeɪ ˈnidɪd mi. sən boʊ wɑz ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst wɪθ breɪn ˈkænsər ɪn ˈɔgəst 2013 ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər əv 2013 ˈæftər ˈtritmənt, ðə ˈkænsər simd ˈbitən. ɪt rɪˈtərnd ɪn meɪ 2015 ənd naʊ ʤoʊ ˈbaɪdən wɪl hæv tɪ ˈbɛri əˈnəðər ʧaɪld. ɪn ðət 2012 spiʧ, ˈbaɪdən tɔks əˈbaʊt ðə ˈkɑnstənt weɪt əv grif. "ʤɪst wɪn ju θɪŋk, goʊɪŋ tɪ meɪk it,’*,’ ˈraɪdɪŋ daʊn ðə roʊd ənd ju pæs ə fild ənd ju si ə flaʊər, ənd ɪt riˈmaɪndz ju. ər ju hir ə tun ɔn ðə ˈreɪdiˌoʊ. ər ju ʤɪst lʊk əp ɪn ðə naɪt. ju noʊ, ju θɪŋk, nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ meɪk ɪt, mæn.' bɪˈkəz ju fil æt ðət ˈmoʊmənt ðə weɪ ju fɛlt ðə deɪ ju gɑt ðə nuz." ˈbaɪdən ˈdəzənt ɛnd ðə spiʧ ˈizi. hi ˈdəzənt seɪ ðə grif ˈɛvər goʊz əˈweɪ. hi ʤɪst sɪz, ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli, ɪt meɪks rum fər ˈəðər θɪŋz, tu. "ðɛr wɪl kəm ə deɪ aɪ ˈprɑməs ju, ənd jʊr ˈpɛrənts ɛz wɛl wɪn ðə θɔt əv jʊr sən ər ˈdɔtər, ər jʊr ˈhəzbənd ər waɪf, brɪŋz ə smaɪl tɪ jʊr lɪps ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt brɪŋz ə tɪr tɪ jʊr aɪ," ˈbaɪdən sɪz. "ɪt wɪl ˈhæpən." |
crime is down in louisiana, but the state still holds the ignominious title of “the prison capital.”
an exposé by the new orleans found that louisiana incarcerates more people per capita than any other state or country in the world. one out of every 86 adults is behind bars, which is nearly double the u.s. average.
this means prison rate is nearly three times higher than iran ’s, seven times more than china ’s, and 10 times that of germany
for african-americans from new orleans, one in 14 is in prison, and one out of seven is either in prison, on parole, or on probation.
overall, prison population has doubled over the past 20 years.
“the hidden engine behind the prison machine is cold, hard cash,” wrote cindy chang at the. “a majority of louisiana inmates are housed in for-profit facilities, which must be supplied with a constant influx of human beings or a $182 million industry will go bankrupt.”
for-profit prison operators include several “homegrown” companies, as well as many of the rural sheriffs, especially those in remote parishes like madison, avoyelles, east carroll, and concordia.
“a good portion of louisiana law enforcement is financed with dollars legally skimmed off the top of prison operations,” chang reported.
-noel brinkerhoff
to learn more:
wanted: criminals to fill empty prisons (by noel brinkerhoff, allgov) (by noel brinkerhoff, allgov) | kraɪm ɪz daʊn ɪn luˌiziˈænə, bət ðə steɪt stɪl hoʊldz ðə ˌɪgnəˈmɪniəs ˈtaɪtəl əv ˈprɪzən capital.”*.” ən exposé*é baɪ ðə nu ˌɔˈrlinz faʊnd ðət luˌiziˈænə ˌɪnˈkɑrsərˌeɪts mɔr ˈpipəl pər ˈkæpɪtə ðən ˈɛni ˈəðər steɪt ər ˈkəntri ɪn ðə wərld. wən aʊt əv ˈɛvəri 86 ˈædəlts ɪz bɪˈhaɪnd bɑrz, wɪʧ ɪz ˈnɪrli ˈdəbəl ðə juz. ˈævərɪʤ. ðɪs minz ˈprɪzən reɪt ɪz ˈnɪrli θri taɪmz haɪər ðən ˌɪˈrɑn ’’s*, ˈsɛvən taɪmz mɔr ðən ˈʧaɪnə ’’s*, ənd 10 taɪmz ðət əv ˈʤərməni fər ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkənz frəm nu ˌɔˈrlinz, wən ɪn 14 ɪz ɪn ˈprɪzən, ənd wən aʊt əv ˈsɛvən ɪz ˈiðər ɪn ˈprɪzən, ɔn pəroʊl, ər ɔn proʊˈbeɪʃən. ˈoʊvərˌɔl, ˈprɪzən ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən həz ˈdəbəld ˈoʊvər ðə pæst 20 jɪrz. ˈhɪdən ˈɪnʤən bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ˈprɪzən məˈʃin ɪz koʊld, hɑrd cash,”*,” roʊt ˈsɪndi ʧæŋ æt ðə. məˈʤɔrəti əv luˌiziˈænə ˈɪnˌmeɪts ər haʊzd ɪn ˌfərˈprɑfɪt fəˈsɪlɪtiz, wɪʧ məst bi səˈplaɪd wɪθ ə ˈkɑnstənt ˈɪnˌfləks əv ˈjumən biɪŋz ər ə 182 ˈmɪljən ˈɪndəstri wɪl goʊ bankrupt.”*.” ˌfərˈprɑfɪt ˈprɪzən ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz ˌɪnˈklud ˈsɛvərəl ““homegrown”*” ˈkəmpəˌniz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈrʊrəl ˈʃɛrəfs, əˈspɛʃəli ðoʊz ɪn rɪˈmoʊt ˈpɛrɪʃɪz laɪk ˈmædɪsən, avoyelles*, ist ˈkɛrəl, ənd concordia*. gʊd ˈpɔrʃən əv luˌiziˈænə lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ɪz ˈfaɪˌnænst wɪθ ˈdɔlərz ˈligəli skɪmd ɔf ðə tɔp əv ˈprɪzən operations,”*,” ʧæŋ ˌriˈpɔrtəd. -noʊɛl ˈbrɪŋkərˌhɔf tɪ lərn mɔr: ˈwɔntɪd: ˈkrɪmənəlz tɪ fɪl ˈɛmti ˈprɪzənz (baɪ noʊɛl ˈbrɪŋkərˌhɔf, allgov*) (baɪ noʊɛl ˈbrɪŋkərˌhɔf, allgov*) |
david nickle, the longtime president of the city hall press gallery and reporter for media, has a side career as a respected author of genre fiction. the title story in his latest collection, knife fight and other struggles, starts: “not many outside the confines of the political wing at city hall would guess it, but our new mayor is an expert with a knife.”
one day toward the end of rob mayhem, perhaps in summer 2014, i with nickle about how one would go about shaping saga into a story: a movie, tv series, whatever. imagined telling it from the perspective of the mayor himself, the most fascinating and compelling character in the world, but nickle whose city hall office is next to mine had a better idea. the ford story, he observed, would be better told from the point of view of someone like mark: the man who was by side from day one of the 2010 campaign, worked in his office as director of policy and strategy, and eventually became his third of five chiefs of staff.
it was an excellent idea a narrative from perspective could chart the arc of an ambitious crisis manager who would gradually find himself in far over his head, as layers of absurdity and darkness inexorably pile on. what would begin as a comedy about helping a populist realize his goals would eventually transform into a parable about managing the unmanageable.
just over a year later, we now have such a work: tell-all, mayor rob ford: uncontrollable, with johanna schneller and published by, came out today (october 27). in most respects, it fulfills the promise of the premise, explaining how the experience of working for ford turned bit by bit from exhilarating to traumatic.
but it misses an element crucial for such a yarn an outside vantage point. would be a superb vehicle for a narrative so long as someone else was telling the story and holding him up as a flawed protagonist whose questionable choices and malleable ethics implicate him in everything that happens.
the subtitle is how i tried to help the most notorious mayor, but it could just as easily have been why not to blame.
i've never read vladimir nabokov's lolita, but my understanding is that it's an unreliable narrator offering a rationalization for his own amorality. it's helpful to view's tome in a similar light.
early in the book, and repeatedly throughout, outlines a code of ethics for his conduct: do the right thing; do nothing illegal; help anyone do anything illegal; lie.
remarkably, by the end, he says the staff in the office adhered to all of those principles, and suggests that he did as well despite having just authored over three hundred pages explaining in detail his complicity in covering for ford and doing everything to keep the viable.
it’s an astonishing feat of obliviousness.
but entire moral framework is skewed in the first place. for instance, in writing about how he and campaign manager nick handled accusations of homophobia during the 2010 election, explains there was no point in trying to change the candidate because they want to turn off a socially conservative base who “didn’t want to think of [ford] as gay-friendly.”
there’s no indication that himself is homophobic (he briefly mentions the efforts to convince ford to participate in the annual international day against homophobia and flag-raising), but leveraging others' bigotry for political gain is arguably even worse than bigotry itself.
rather than interrogate the ethics of the situation, views it, like everything else thrown his way, as a puzzle to be solved or an enemy to be outmanoeuvred. in his mind, the human cost frequently seems secondary to the political calculus. in setting the scene for election day 2014, for example, he describes the the jian story that was dominating the headlines and makes a deeply uncomfortable joke: asking where that kind of news had been when he was trying to keep ford's "misdemeanours" off the front pages.
this past summer, in considering earl cowan the loudly irascible conservative supporter who called reporters "lying piece[s] of shit" for daring to inquire about the mike duffy scandal paul wells made a valuable observation.
"angry yelling point," he wrote, "is that any system organized to keep stephen harper in power protects the canadian taxpayer, because stephen harper runs a government that does less and costs less than whatever the liberals and new democrats would come up with.…[conservatives' electoral dominance serves] a higher goal: the protection of a limited federal state against the architects of a bloated and overreaching federal state."
there are people for whom the ends of conservatism sometimes justify extraordinary means, because few things could be less moral than a government that's bigger than it needs to be. and while i think is a libertarian fanatic to quite that degree, he does let his concurrence with broad politics colour his thinking all the way. only when he receives a tip from david price that anthony murder may have been tied to the crack video (it wasn't), does believe things have crossed a line.
up to that point, he has already witnessed or been reliably informed of all manner of mayoral dangers, from ford habitually driving drunk to violently threatening his wife, possibly with a gun.
he found out almost right away that ford had been a drunken, violent mess on st. day 2012, but when reporters asked about ford's state that night, he would only say their information was incorrect choosing to zero in on the claim that ford had snorted cocaine, the one piece of the story not corroborated by accounts of the staff who were there.
with regard to garrison ball incident, has consistently maintained that no one asked the mayor to leave the event a formulation that conveniently excludes himself, who begged the fucked-up mayor not to arrive, attempted to physically bar him from entering, and then tried to drag him out as soon as possible.
towhey maintains that these lies, as though a narrow truth uttered through the clenched teeth of deceitful contortions is somehow more morally sanctionable. the same warped view of honesty that let rob ford claim in november 2013 that he previously admitted to smoking crack only because reporters asked him the right question.
in its worst moments, the book reads like the memoirs of a psychopath totally divorced from conventional morality and the consequences of his actions.
at its best, however, it reveals the emotional and physical toll that came with trying to keep the office running at all costs. in a particularly moving passage, confesses that he was secretly hoping that ford would lose his appeal and be booted from the job, giving him and the other staff an opportunity to finally escape from the thumb of a “megalomaniacal addict.”
but then a couple chapters later, he reiterates that he was still trying to set up the mayor for.
you can look at it as an abusive relationship, and certainly frames it that way. for the junior staffers in ford's office, it most probably was. but drive to succeed as a master crisis manager, and his active roles in shaping policy and strategy, make it very hard for us to feel as sorry for him as like.
he was a key player in everything that happened from the beginning of the 2010 campaign through to his firing in may 2013, and valuable to have his account on the record.
but he also wants the book to serve as a cathartic, even therapeutic, release for himself. absent and contrition, however, he possibly have an honest reckoning.
towhey wants us to pat him on the head and assure him he did everything that he could to make a bad situation better. but instead, you kind of want to break it to him that, no, a lot of what happened is very much his fault, too.
no matter. earl provost, subsequent chief of staff, stuck around in the office even longer than and is now the executive director of the ontario liberal party. a market for this approach to politics; just ask us to pity you for it.
jonathang@nowtoronto.com |
correction (10/29/15, pm): this piece originally referred to thomas allen & son as the book's canadian publisher. in fact, thomas allen is the book's canadian distributor. both in the u.s. and canada, the book is published by new york publishing. | ˈdeɪvɪd ˈnɪkəl, ðə ˈlɔŋˌtaɪm ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə ˈsɪti hɔl prɛs ˈgæləri ənd rɪˈpɔrtər fər ˈmidiə, həz ə saɪd kərɪr ɛz ə rɪˈspɛktɪd ˈɔθər əv ˈʒɑnrə ˈfɪkʃən. ðə ˈtaɪtəl ˈstɔri ɪn hɪz ˈleɪtəst kəˈlɛkʃən, naɪf faɪt ənd ˈəðər ˈstrəgəlz, stɑrts: ˈmɛni ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈkɑnˌfaɪnz əv ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl wɪŋ æt ˈsɪti hɔl wʊd gɛs ɪt, bət ɑr nu meɪər ɪz ən ˈɛkspərt wɪθ ə knife.”*.” wən deɪ təˈwɔrd ðə ɛnd əv rɑb ˈmeɪˌhɛm, pərˈhæps ɪn ˈsəmər 2014 aɪ wɪθ ˈnɪkəl əˈbaʊt haʊ wən wʊd goʊ əˈbaʊt ˈʃeɪpɪŋ ˈsɑgə ˈɪntu ə ˈstɔri: ə ˈmuvi, ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈsɪriz, ˌwəˈtɛvər. ˌɪˈmæʤənd ˈtɛlɪŋ ɪt frəm ðə pərˈspɛktɪv əv ðə meɪər hɪmˈsɛlf, ðə moʊst ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪŋ ənd kəmˈpɛlɪŋ ˈkɛrɪktər ɪn ðə wərld, bət ˈnɪkəl huz ˈsɪti hɔl ˈɔfəs ɪz nɛkst tɪ maɪn hæd ə ˈbɛtər aɪˈdiə. ðə fɔrd ˈstɔri, hi əbˈzərvd, wʊd bi ˈbɛtər toʊld frəm ðə pɔɪnt əv vju əv ˈsəmˌwən laɪk mɑrk: ðə mæn hu wɑz baɪ saɪd frəm deɪ wən əv ðə 2010 kæmˈpeɪn, wərkt ɪn hɪz ˈɔfəs ɛz dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈpɑləsi ənd ˈstrætəʤi, ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli bɪˈkeɪm hɪz θərd əv faɪv ʧifs əv stæf. ɪt wɑz ən ˈɛksələnt aɪˈdiə ə ˈnɛrətɪv frəm pərˈspɛktɪv kʊd ʧɑrt ðə ɑrk əv ən æmˈbɪʃəs ˈkraɪsəs ˈmænɪʤər hu wʊd ˈgræʤuəli faɪnd hɪmˈsɛlf ɪn fɑr ˈoʊvər hɪz hɛd, ɛz leɪərz əv əbˈsərdəti ənd ˈdɑrknəs ˌɪˈnɛksərəbli paɪl ɔn. wət wʊd bɪˈgɪn ɛz ə ˈkɑmədi əˈbaʊt ˈhɛlpɪŋ ə ˈpɑpjələst ˈriəˌlaɪz hɪz goʊlz wʊd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈtrænsfɔrm ˈɪntu ə ˈpɛrəbəl əˈbaʊt ˈmænəʤɪŋ ðə ənˈmænɪʤəbəl. ʤɪst ˈoʊvər ə jɪr ˈleɪtər, wi naʊ hæv səʧ ə wərk: tell-all*, meɪər rɑb fɔrd: ˌənkənˈtroʊləbəl, wɪθ ʤəˈhænə ʃˈnɛlər ənd ˈpəblɪʃt baɪ, keɪm aʊt təˈdeɪ (ɑkˈtoʊbər 27 ɪn moʊst rɪˈspɛkts, ɪt fʊlˈfɪlz ðə ˈprɑməs əv ðə ˈprɛmɪs, ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ haʊ ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns əv ˈwərkɪŋ fər fɔrd tərnd bɪt baɪ bɪt frəm ɪgˈzɪlərˌeɪtɪŋ tɪ trɔˈmætɪk. bət ɪt ˈmɪsɪz ən ˈɛləmənt ˈkruʃəl fər səʧ ə jɑrn ən ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈvæntɪʤ pɔɪnt. wʊd bi ə sʊˈpərb ˈviɪkəl fər ə ˈnɛrətɪv soʊ lɔŋ ɛz ˈsəmˌwən ɛls wɑz ˈtɛlɪŋ ðə ˈstɔri ənd ˈhoʊldɪŋ ɪm əp ɛz ə flɔd proʊˈtægənəst huz kˈwɛsʧənəbəl ˈʧɔɪsɪz ənd ˈmæliəbəl ˈɛθɪks ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪt ɪm ɪn ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət ˈhæpənz. ðə ˈsəbˌtaɪtəl ɪz haʊ aɪ traɪd tɪ hɛlp ðə moʊst noʊˈtɔriəs meɪər, bət ɪt kʊd ʤɪst ɛz ˈizəli hæv bɪn waɪ nɑt tɪ bleɪm. aɪv ˈnɛvər rɛd vˈlædəmɪr ˈnæbəˌkɑvz loʊˈlitə, bət maɪ ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ɪz ðət ɪts ən ˌənrɪˈlaɪəbəl ˈnɛreɪtər ˈɔfərɪŋ ə ˌræʃənəlɪˈzeɪʃən fər hɪz oʊn amorality*. ɪts ˈhɛlpfəl tɪ vju toʊm ɪn ə ˈsɪmələr laɪt. ˈərli ɪn ðə bʊk, ənd rɪˈpitɪdli θruaʊt, ˈaʊˌtlaɪnz ə koʊd əv ˈɛθɪks fər hɪz ˈkɑndəkt: du ðə raɪt θɪŋ; du ˈnəθɪŋ ˌɪˈligəl; hɛlp ˈɛniˌwən du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˌɪˈligəl; laɪ. rɪˈmɑrkəbli, baɪ ðə ɛnd, hi sɪz ðə stæf ɪn ðə ˈɔfəs æˈdhɪrd tɪ ɔl əv ðoʊz ˈprɪnsəpəlz, ənd səˈʤɛsts ðət hi dɪd ɛz wɛl dɪˈspaɪt ˈhævɪŋ ʤɪst ˈɔθərd ˈoʊvər θri ˈhənərd ˈpeɪʤɪz ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ ɪn ˈditeɪl hɪz kəmˈplɪsɪti ɪn ˈkəvərɪŋ fər fɔrd ənd duɪŋ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ tɪ kip ðə ˈvaɪəbəl. ən əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ fit əv obliviousness*. bət ɪnˈtaɪər ˈmɔrəl ˈfreɪmˌwərk ɪz skjud ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs. fər ˈɪnstəns, ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ əˈbaʊt haʊ hi ənd kæmˈpeɪn ˈmænɪʤər nɪk ˈhændəld ˌækjəˈzeɪʃənz əv ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbiə ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə 2010 ɪˈlɛkʃən, ɪkˈspleɪnz ðɛr wɑz noʊ pɔɪnt ɪn traɪɪŋ tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðə ˈkænədɪt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ tərn ɔf ə ˈsoʊʃəli kənˈsərvətɪv beɪs hu wɔnt tɪ θɪŋk əv [fɔrd] ɛz gay-friendly.”*.” noʊ ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən ðət hɪmˈsɛlf ɪz ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbɪk (hi ˈbrifli ˈmɛnʃənz ðə ˈɛfərts tɪ kənˈvɪns fɔrd tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪn ðə ˈænjuəl ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl deɪ əˈgɛnst ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbiə ənd flag-raising*), bət ˈlɛvərɪʤɪŋ ˈəðərz' ˈbɪgətri fər pəˈlɪtɪkəl geɪn ɪz ˈɑrgjuəbli ˈivɪn wərs ðən ˈbɪgətri ˌɪtˈsɛlf. ˈrəðər ðən ˌɪnˈtɛrəˌgeɪt ðə ˈɛθɪks əv ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən, vjuz ɪt, laɪk ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɛls θroʊn hɪz weɪ, ɛz ə ˈpəzəl tɪ bi sɑlvd ər ən ˈɛnəmi tɪ bi outmanoeuvred*. ɪn hɪz maɪnd, ðə ˈjumən kɔst ˈfrikwɛntli simz ˈsɛkənˌdɛri tɪ ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈkælkjələs. ɪn ˈsɛtɪŋ ðə sin fər ɪˈlɛkʃən deɪ 2014 fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, hi dɪˈskraɪbz ðə ðə ˈʤiən ˈstɔri ðət wɑz ˈdɑməˌneɪtɪŋ ðə ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz ənd meɪks ə ˈdipli ənˈkəmfərtəbəl ʤoʊk: ˈæskɪŋ wɛr ðət kaɪnd əv nuz hæd bɪn wɪn hi wɑz traɪɪŋ tɪ kip fɔrdz "misdemeanours*" ɔf ðə frənt ˈpeɪʤɪz. ðɪs pæst ˈsəmər, ɪn kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ərl kaʊən ðə ˈlaʊdli ˌɪˈræsɪbəl kənˈsərvətɪv səˈpɔrtər hu kɔld rɪˈpɔrtərz "laɪɪŋ piece[s*] əv ʃɪt" fər ˈdɛrɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnkˈwaɪr əˈbaʊt ðə maɪk ˈdəfi ˈskændəl pɔl wɛlz meɪd ə ˈvæljəbəl ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən. "ˈæŋgri ˈjɛlɪŋ pɔɪnt," hi roʊt, "ɪz ðət ˈɛni ˈsɪstəm ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd tɪ kip ˈstivən ˈhɑrpər ɪn paʊər prəˈtɛkts ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈtækˌspeɪər, bɪˈkəz ˈstivən ˈhɑrpər rənz ə ˈgəvərnmənt ðət dɪz lɛs ənd kɔsts lɛs ðən ˌwəˈtɛvər ðə ˈlɪˌbərəlz ənd nu ˈdɛməˌkræts wʊd kəm əp with.…[conservatives*' ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈdɑmənəns sərvz] ə haɪər goʊl: ðə prəˈtɛkʃən əv ə ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈfɛdərəl steɪt əˈgɛnst ðə ˈɑrkəˌtɛkts əv ə ˈbloʊtɪd ənd ˈoʊvərˌriʧɪŋ ˈfɛdərəl steɪt." ðɛr ər ˈpipəl fər hum ðə ɛndz əv kənˈsərvəˌtɪzəm ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri minz, bɪˈkəz fju θɪŋz kʊd bi lɛs ˈmɔrəl ðən ə ˈgəvərnmənt ðæts ˈbɪgər ðən ɪt nidz tɪ bi. ənd waɪl aɪ θɪŋk ɪz ə ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən fəˈnætɪk tɪ kwaɪt ðət dɪˈgri, hi dɪz lɛt hɪz kənˈkərəns wɪθ brɔd ˈpɑləˌtɪks ˈkələr hɪz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ɔl ðə weɪ. ˈoʊnli wɪn hi rɪˈsivz ə tɪp frəm ˈdeɪvɪd praɪs ðət ˈænθɔˌni ˈmərdər meɪ hæv bɪn taɪd tɪ ðə kræk ˈvɪdioʊ (ɪt ˈwəzənt), dɪz bɪˈliv θɪŋz hæv krɔst ə laɪn. əp tɪ ðət pɔɪnt, hi həz ɔˈrɛdi ˈwɪtnəst ər bɪn rɪˈlaɪəbli ˌɪnˈfɔrmd əv ɔl ˈmænər əv meɪərəl ˈdeɪnʤərz, frəm fɔrd həˈbɪʧuəli ˈdraɪvɪŋ drəŋk tɪ ˈvaɪələntli θˈrɛtənɪŋ hɪz waɪf, ˈpɑsəbli wɪθ ə gən. hi faʊnd aʊt ˈɔlˌmoʊst raɪt əˈweɪ ðət fɔrd hæd bɪn ə ˈdrəŋkən, ˈvaɪələnt mɛs ɔn st*. deɪ 2012 bət wɪn rɪˈpɔrtərz æst əˈbaʊt fɔrdz steɪt ðət naɪt, hi wʊd ˈoʊnli seɪ ðɛr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wɑz ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ˈʧuzɪŋ tɪ ˈziroʊ ɪn ɔn ðə kleɪm ðət fɔrd hæd sˈnɔrtɪd koʊˈkeɪn, ðə wən pis əv ðə ˈstɔri nɑt kərˈɑbərˌeɪtɪd baɪ əˈkaʊnts əv ðə stæf hu wər ðɛr. wɪθ rɪˈgɑrd tɪ ˈgærɪsən bɔl ˈɪnsədənt, həz kənˈsɪstəntli meɪnˈteɪnd ðət noʊ wən æst ðə meɪər tɪ liv ðə ɪˈvɛnt ə ˌfɔrmjəˈleɪʃən ðət kənˈvinjəntli ɪkˈskludz hɪmˈsɛlf, hu bɛgd ðə ˈfəkˌtəp meɪər nɑt tɪ əraɪv, əˈtɛmptəd tɪ ˈfɪzɪkəli bɑr ɪm frəm ˈɛnərɪŋ, ənd ðɛn traɪd tɪ dræg ɪm aʊt ɛz sun ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. meɪnˈteɪnz ðət ðiz laɪz, ɛz ðoʊ ə ˈnɛroʊ truθ ˈətərd θru ðə klɛnʧt tiθ əv dɪˈsitfəl kənˈtɔrʃənz ɪz ˈsəmˌhaʊ mɔr ˈmɔrəli sanctionable*. ðə seɪm wɔrpt vju əv ˈɑnəsti ðət lɛt rɑb fɔrd kleɪm ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər 2013 ðət hi ˈpriviəsli ədˈmɪtəd tɪ sˈmoʊkɪŋ kræk ˈoʊnli bɪˈkəz rɪˈpɔrtərz æst ɪm ðə raɪt kˈwɛʃən. ɪn ɪts wərst ˈmoʊmənts, ðə bʊk ridz laɪk ðə ˈmɛmˌwɑrz əv ə ˈsaɪkoʊˌpæθ ˈtoʊtəli dɪˈvɔrst frəm kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˌmɔˈræləˌti ənd ðə ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv hɪz ˈækʃənz. æt ɪts bɛst, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt rɪˈvilz ðə ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ənd ˈfɪzɪkəl toʊl ðət keɪm wɪθ traɪɪŋ tɪ kip ðə ˈɔfəs ˈrənɪŋ æt ɔl kɔsts. ɪn ə ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈmuvɪŋ ˈpæsɪʤ, kənˈfɛsɪz ðət hi wɑz ˈsikrɪtli ˈhoʊpɪŋ ðət fɔrd wʊd luz hɪz əˈpil ənd bi ˈbutɪd frəm ðə ʤɑb, ˈgɪvɪŋ ɪm ənd ðə ˈəðər stæf ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ˈfaɪnəli ɪˈskeɪp frəm ðə θəm əv ə addict.”*.” bət ðɛn ə ˈkəpəl ˈʧæptərz ˈleɪtər, hi riˈɪtərˌeɪs ðət hi wɑz stɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ sɛt əp ðə meɪər fər. ju kən lʊk æt ɪt ɛz ən əˈbjusɪv riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp, ənd ˈsərtənli freɪmz ɪt ðət weɪ. fər ðə ˈʤunjər ˈstæfərz ɪn fɔrdz ˈɔfəs, ɪt moʊst ˈprɑbəˌbli wɑz. bət draɪv tɪ səkˈsid ɛz ə ˈmæstər ˈkraɪsəs ˈmænɪʤər, ənd hɪz ˈæktɪv roʊlz ɪn ˈʃeɪpɪŋ ˈpɑləsi ənd ˈstrætəʤi, meɪk ɪt ˈvɛri hɑrd fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ fil ɛz ˈsɑri fər ɪm ɛz laɪk. hi wɑz ə ki pleɪər ɪn ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət ˈhæpənd frəm ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə 2010 kæmˈpeɪn θru tɪ hɪz ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ɪn meɪ 2013 ənd ˈvæljəbəl tɪ hæv hɪz əˈkaʊnt ɔn ðə ˈrɛkərd. bət hi ˈɔlsoʊ wɔnts ðə bʊk tɪ sərv ɛz ə kəˈθɑrtɪk, ˈivɪn ˌθɛrəˈpjutɪk, riˈlis fər hɪmˈsɛlf. ˈæbsənt ənd kənˈtrɪʃən, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hi ˈpɑsəbli hæv ən ˈɑnəst ˈrɛkənɪŋ. wɔnts ˈjuˈɛs tɪ pæt ɪm ɔn ðə hɛd ənd əˈʃʊr ɪm hi dɪd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət hi kʊd tɪ meɪk ə bæd ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ˈbɛtər. bət ˌɪnˈstɛd, ju kaɪnd əv wɔnt tɪ breɪk ɪt tɪ ɪm ðət, noʊ, ə lɔt əv wət ˈhæpənd ɪz ˈvɛri məʧ hɪz fɔlt, tu. noʊ ˈmætər. ərl ˈproʊvoʊst, ˈsəbsəkwənt ʧif əv stæf, stək əraʊnd ɪn ðə ˈɔfəs ˈivɪn ˈlɔŋgər ðən ənd ɪz naʊ ðə ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ɑnˈtɛrioʊ ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈpɑrti. ə ˈmɑrkɪt fər ðɪs əˈproʊʧ tɪ ˈpɑləˌtɪks; ʤɪst æsk ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ˈpɪti ju fər ɪt. kərˈɛkʃən piɛm): ðɪs pis ərˈɪʤənəli rɪˈfərd tɪ ˈtɑməs ˈælən sən ɛz ðə bʊks kəˈneɪdiən ˈpəblɪʃər. ɪn fækt, ˈtɑməs ˈælən ɪz ðə bʊks kəˈneɪdiən dɪˈstrɪbjətər. boʊθ ɪn ðə juz. ənd ˈkænədə, ðə bʊk ɪz ˈpəblɪʃt baɪ nu jɔrk ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ. |
hollywood's highest profile feminist gets smacked around by film critics for some surprising reasons.
it easy being a woke celebrity. you try. and you try. yet never good enough.
katy perry attempts to turn her power shtick into a political movement and gets popped by a withering in the daily beast.
will ferrell does everything humanly possible to support progressive causes. what happens next? he gets dubbed a racist for a comedy a black superstar.
and now amy “snatched.”
the new comedy stars the comic and goldie hawn in a adventure. influence on the film is palpable. she just famously nix a sequence for gun control in real life). the screenplay also has her fingerprints all over it.
related: media ignore amy toxic brand
her character notices, and mocks, how a tribal family in colombia treats women like citizens. plenty of female empowerment chatter through and through. and the women who must save themselves.
it enough, apparently.
here’s the new york times “destroying” the lack of insensitivity.
“snatched” is one of those movies that subscribes to a dubious homeopathic theory of cultural insensitivity by which the acknowledgment of is supposed to prevent anyone from taking offense. the idea is that if you use variations on the phrase “that’s racist!” as a punch line a few times, nothing else you say or do could possibly be racist. including, say, populating your movie with thugs with funny accents and killing a few of them for cheap laughs.
thewrap.com hints at outrage but go the full scold:
the trip is a trap, however, and the women are summarily kidnapped, thrown into a dingy cell, and held for ransom by a ruthless sort named morgado (oscar jaenada), who if keeping tabs on representation of foreign lands is the first native character, and one of the only ones, with more than three lines.
the hollywood reporter hits harder:
there’s one extremely bizarre gag involving the manual extraction of a tapeworm, and also some unfortunate cultural stereotyping in the form of colombians with long hair and sinister teeth….
[director jonathan] levine a deft enough director to overcome the optics of yet another film about white characters finding themselves thanks to their experience in a developing country.
the village voice shares its outrage in the headline: “snatched” is perfect for day if mom hates and fears other countries
in a scene that signals the soft racism to follow, linda the standard english greeting of the ecuadorian concierge, handing out a complimentary drink, as “whale cum.”
then, the reviewer goes for the jugular by comparing the film to “monster in law.”
that film traded in casual misogyny, snatched in offhand xenophobia. happy day.
sorry, schumer. all of your liberal virtue signaling enough. your new film simply woke. and film critics, who increasingly resemble social justice warriors, are all too eager to say so. | ˈhɑliˌwʊdz haɪəst ˈproʊˌfaɪl ˈfɛmənɪst gɪts smækt əraʊnd baɪ fɪlm ˈkrɪtɪks fər səm səˈpraɪzɪŋ ˈrizənz. ɪt ˈizi biɪŋ ə woʊk səˈlɛbrɪti. ju traɪ. ənd ju traɪ. jɛt ˈnɛvər gʊd ɪˈnəf. ˈkeɪti ˈpɛri əˈtɛmpts tɪ tərn hər paʊər ʃtɪk ˈɪntu ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈmuvmənt ənd gɪts pɑpt baɪ ə ˈwɪðərɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈdeɪli bist. wɪl ˈfɛrɪl dɪz ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˈhjumənli ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ səˈpɔrt prəˈgrɛsɪv ˈkɔzɪz. wət ˈhæpənz nɛkst? hi gɪts dəbd ə ˈreɪsɪst fər ə ˈkɑmədi ə blæk ˌsupərˈstɑr. ənd naʊ ˈeɪmi ““snatched.”*.” ðə nu ˈkɑmədi stɑrz ðə ˈkɑmɪk ənd ˈgoʊldi hɔn ɪn ə ədˈvɛnʧər. ˈɪnfluəns ɔn ðə fɪlm ɪz ˈpælpəbəl. ʃi ʤɪst ˈfeɪməsli nɪks ə ˈsikwəns fər gən kənˈtroʊl ɪn ril laɪf). ðə ˈskrinˌpleɪ ˈɔlsoʊ həz hər ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnts ɔl ˈoʊvər ɪt. rɪˈleɪtɪd: ˈmidiə ˌɪgˈnɔr ˈeɪmi ˈtɑksɪk brænd hər ˈkɛrɪktər ˈnoʊtɪsɪz, ənd mɑks, haʊ ə ˈtraɪbəl ˈfæməli ɪn kəˈləmbiə trits ˈwɪmən laɪk ˈsɪtɪzənz. ˈplɛnti əv ˈfiˌmeɪl ɪmˈpaʊərmənt ˈʧætər θru ənd θru. ənd ðə ˈwɪmən hu məst seɪv ðɛmˈsɛlvz. ɪt ɪˈnəf, əˈpɛrəntli. ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz ““destroying”*” ðə læk əv ˌɪnˌsɛnsəˈtɪvəti. ““snatched”*” ɪz wən əv ðoʊz ˈmuviz ðət səbˈskraɪbz tɪ ə ˈdubiəs ˌhoʊmioʊˈpæθək ˈθɪri əv ˈkəlʧərəl ˌɪnˌsɛnsəˈtɪvəti baɪ wɪʧ ðə ækˈnɑlɪʤmənt əv ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ˈɛniˌwən frəm ˈteɪkɪŋ əˈfɛns. ðə aɪˈdiə ɪz ðət ɪf ju juz ˌvɛriˈeɪʃənz ɔn ðə freɪz racist!”*!” ɛz ə pənʧ laɪn ə fju taɪmz, ˈnəθɪŋ ɛls ju seɪ ər du kʊd ˈpɑsəbli bi ˈreɪsɪst. ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ, seɪ, ˈpɑpjəˌleɪtɪŋ jʊr ˈmuvi wɪθ θəgz wɪθ ˈfəni ˈæksɛnts ənd ˈkɪlɪŋ ə fju əv ðɛm fər ʧip læfs. hɪnts æt ˈaʊˌtreɪʤ bət goʊ ðə fʊl skoʊld: ðə trɪp ɪz ə træp, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ənd ðə ˈwɪmən ər səˈmɛrɪli ˈkɪdˌnæpt, θroʊn ˈɪntu ə ˈdɪnʤi sɛl, ənd hɛld fər ˈrænsəm baɪ ə ˈruθləs sɔrt neɪmd mɔrˈgɑdoʊ (ˈɔskər jaenada*), hu ɪf ˈkipɪŋ tæbz ɔn ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən əv ˈfɔrən lændz ɪz ðə fərst ˈneɪtɪv ˈkɛrɪktər, ənd wən əv ðə ˈoʊnli wənz, wɪθ mɔr ðən θri laɪnz. ðə ˈhɑliˌwʊd rɪˈpɔrtər hɪts ˈhɑrdər: wən ɪkˈstrimli bɪˈzɑr gæg ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ðə ˈmænjuəl ɛkˈstrækʃən əv ə tapeworm*, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ səm ənˈfɔrʧənət ˈkəlʧərəl ˈstɛrioʊˌtaɪpɪŋ ɪn ðə fɔrm əv kəˈləmbiənz wɪθ lɔŋ hɛr ənd ˈsɪnɪstər teeth…*…. [dɪˈrɛktər ˈʤɑnəθən] lɛˈvin ə dɛft ɪˈnəf dɪˈrɛktər tɪ ˈoʊvərˌkəm ðə ˈɑptɪks əv jɛt əˈnəðər fɪlm əˈbaʊt waɪt ˈkɛrɪktərz ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz θæŋks tɪ ðɛr ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn ə dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˈkəntri. ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ vɔɪs ʃɛrz ɪts ˈaʊˌtreɪʤ ɪn ðə ˈhɛˌdlaɪn: ““snatched”*” ɪz ˈpərˌfɪkt fər deɪ ɪf mɑm heɪts ənd fɪrz ˈəðər ˈkəntriz ɪn ə sin ðət ˈsɪgnəlz ðə sɔft ˈreɪˌsɪzəm tɪ ˈfɑloʊ, ˈlɪndə ðə ˈstændərd ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈgritɪŋ əv ðə ˌɛkwəˈdɔriən ˌkɑnsiˈɛrʒ, ˈhændɪŋ aʊt ə ˌkɑmpləˈmɛntəri drɪŋk, ɛz cum.”*.” ðɛn, ðə rivˈjuər goʊz fər ðə ˈʤugjələr baɪ kəmˈpɛrɪŋ ðə fɪlm tɪ ɪn law.”*.” ðət fɪlm ˈtreɪdɪd ɪn ˈkæʒəwəl ˈmɪzəʤɪni, snæʧt ɪn ˈɔfˈhænd ˌzɛnəˈfoʊbiə. ˈhæpi deɪ. ˈsɑri, ˈʃumər. ɔl əv jʊr ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈvərʧu ˈsɪgnəlɪŋ ɪˈnəf. jʊr nu fɪlm ˈsɪmpli woʊk. ənd fɪlm ˈkrɪtɪks, hu ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli rɪˈzɛmbəl ˈsoʊʃəl ˈʤəstɪs ˈwɔrjərz, ər ɔl tu ˈigər tɪ seɪ soʊ. |
i just set up a friend's pc. i haven't done that in a while.
wow.
apparently, a computer is now not a computer, it's an opportunity to you.
first, the setup insisted (for my own safety) that i sign up for an eternal subscription to norton. then it defaulted (opt out) to sending me promotional emails. then there were the dozens (at least it felt like dozens) of buttons and searches i had to endure to switch the search box from bing to google. and the icons on the desktop that had been paid for by various partners and the of just about everything.
the digital world, even the high end brands, has become a sleazy carnival, complete with hawkers, barkers and a bearded lady. by the time someone actually gets to your site, they've been conned, popped up, popped under and so many times they really have no choice but to be skeptical.
basically, it's a race to the bottom, with so many people trackbacks, planning and scheming to trick the surfer with this or that that we've bullied people into a corner of believing no one.
you can play along, or you can be so clean and so straightforward that people are stunned into loyalty. you know, as in, "do it for the user," and "offer stuff that just works" and "this is what you get and that's all you get and you won't have to wonder about the fine print."
rare and refreshing. an opportunity, in fact. | aɪ ʤɪst sɛt əp ə frɛndz ˈpiˈsi. aɪ ˈhævənt dən ðət ɪn ə waɪl. waʊ. əˈpɛrəntli, ə kəmˈpjutər ɪz naʊ nɑt ə kəmˈpjutər, ɪts ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ju. fərst, ðə ˈsɛˌtəp ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd (fər maɪ oʊn ˈseɪfti) ðət aɪ saɪn əp fər ən ɪˈtərnəl səbˈskrɪpʃən tɪ ˈnɔrtən. ðɛn ɪt dɪˈfɔltɪd (ɑpt aʊt) tɪ ˈsɛndɪŋ mi pərˈmoʊʃənəl iˈmeɪlz. ðɛn ðɛr wər ðə ˈdəzənz (æt list ɪt fɛlt laɪk ˈdəzənz) əv ˈbətənz ənd ˈsərʧɪz aɪ hæd tɪ ɪnˈdʊr tɪ swɪʧ ðə sərʧ bɑks frəm bɪŋ tɪ ˈgugəl. ənd ðə ˈaɪˌkɑnz ɔn ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp ðət hæd bɪn peɪd fər baɪ ˈvɛriəs ˈpɑrtnərz ənd ðə əv ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ. ðə ˈdɪʤɪtəl wərld, ˈivɪn ðə haɪ ɛnd brændz, həz bɪˈkəm ə sˈlizi ˈkɑrnəvəl, kəmˈplit wɪθ ˈhɔkərz, ˈbɑrkərz ənd ə ˈbɪrdəd ˈleɪdi. baɪ ðə taɪm ˈsəmˌwən ˈæˌkʧuəli gɪts tɪ jʊr saɪt, ðeɪv bɪn kɑnd, pɑpt əp, pɑpt ˈəndər ənd soʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz ðeɪ ˈrɪli hæv noʊ ʧɔɪs bət tɪ bi ˈskɛptɪkəl. ˈbeɪsɪkli, ɪts ə reɪs tɪ ðə ˈbɑtəm, wɪθ soʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl trackbacks*, ˈplænɪŋ ənd ˈskimɪŋ tɪ trɪk ðə ˈsərfər wɪθ ðɪs ər ðət ðət wiv ˈbʊlid ˈpipəl ˈɪntu ə ˈkɔrnər əv bɪˈlivɪŋ noʊ wən. ju kən pleɪ əˈlɔŋ, ər ju kən bi soʊ klin ənd soʊ ˈstreɪtˈfɔrwərd ðət ˈpipəl ər stənd ˈɪntu ˈlɔɪəlti. ju noʊ, ɛz ɪn, "du ɪt fər ðə ˈjuzər," ənd "ˈɔfər stəf ðət ʤɪst wərks" ənd "ðɪs ɪz wət ju gɪt ənd ðæts ɔl ju gɪt ənd ju woʊnt hæv tɪ ˈwəndər əˈbaʊt ðə faɪn prɪnt." rɛr ənd rɪˈfrɛʃɪŋ. ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti, ɪn fækt. |
as the backlash against judge aaron persky grows, new details regarding his lenient sentence for convicted rapist brock turner continue to emerge. the latest is truly appalling, and finally explains the thinking behind the otherwise inexplicable sentence. a transcript of the brock turner sentencing hearing quotes the judge as saying, "i take him at his word." yes, you heard that right: he believes turner's version of the events.
believe it or not, it gets worse when you hear the full context. turner's lawyer had argued at the june 2 hearing that turner admitted to "digitally penetrating" the women, but that turner claims he recalls the victim giving consent. judge persky believed him. here's what he said: "i mean, i take him at his word that, subjectively, that's his version of events. the jury, obviously, found it not to be the sequence of events." in essence, this implies the judge disregarded the jury's conviction and used his own judgment to decide the punishment for the three felony charges.
according to the washington post, judge persky also remarked that turner's regret or guilt was real despite turner never accepting the charge. post reporter susan wrote, "he said he believed turner felt genuine remorse." but then he also acknowledged that the victim didn't think turner acknowledged what he'd done. "in essence, [judge persky] said the defendant have to agree with the verdict to feel truly sorry," pointed out.
this can only further undermine the judge's decision. persky was already under fire for saying that a longer prison sentence "would have a severe impact" on turner. he gave the former stanford student six months in county jail even though the da had asked for six years in state prison.
the victim described her experience in a letter which went viral. "i am a human being who has been irreversibly hurt," she wrote, explaining why she thought such a lenient sentence was a mistake. she said that the judge "should not create a culture that suggests we learn that rape is wrong through trial and error."
on tuesday, a letter was published from a juror which accused the judge of disregarding the jury's convictions in the case. "it seems to me that you really did not accept the jury's findings. we were unanimous in our finding of the defendant's guilt and our verdicts were marginalized based on your own personal opinion," he wrote in a letter to judge persky which was published in the palo alto weekly.
given the the contents of this transcript, it would seem the juror is dead right. more than a million people have signed petitions to recall judge persky, but signatures need to be collected in sara clara county to do so. | ɛz ðə ˈbæˌklæʃ əˈgɛnst ʤəʤ ˈɛrən ˈpərski groʊz, nu ˈditeɪlz rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ hɪz ˈlinjənt ˈsɛntəns fər kənˈvɪktəd ˈreɪpɪst brɑk ˈtərnər kənˈtɪnju tɪ ˈimərʤ. ðə ˈleɪtəst ɪz ˈtruli əˈpɔlɪŋ, ənd ˈfaɪnəli ɪkˈspleɪnz ðə ˈθɪŋkɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˌɪnəkˈsplɪkəbəl ˈsɛntəns. ə ˈtrænˌskrɪpt əv ðə brɑk ˈtərnər ˈsɛntənsɪŋ ˈhirɪŋ kwoʊts ðə ʤəʤ ɛz seɪɪŋ, "aɪ teɪk ɪm æt hɪz wərd." jɛs, ju hərd ðət raɪt: hi bɪˈlivz ˈtərnərz ˈvərʒən əv ðə ɪˈvɛnts. bɪˈliv ɪt ər nɑt, ɪt gɪts wərs wɪn ju hir ðə fʊl ˈkɑntɛkst. ˈtərnərz ˈlɔjər hæd ˈɑrgjud æt ðə ʤun 2 ˈhirɪŋ ðət ˈtərnər ədˈmɪtəd tɪ "ˈdɪʤətəli ˈpɛnəˌtreɪtɪŋ" ðə ˈwɪmən, bət ðət ˈtərnər kleɪmz hi ˈriˌkɔlz ðə ˈvɪktɪm ˈgɪvɪŋ kənˈsɛnt. ʤəʤ ˈpərski bɪˈlivd ɪm. hɪrz wət hi sɛd: "aɪ min, aɪ teɪk ɪm æt hɪz wərd ðət, subjectively*, ðæts hɪz ˈvərʒən əv ɪˈvɛnts. ðə ˈʤʊri, ˈɑbviəsli, faʊnd ɪt nɑt tɪ bi ðə ˈsikwəns əv ɪˈvɛnts." ɪn ˈɛsəns, ðɪs ˌɪmˈplaɪz ðə ʤəʤ ˌdɪsrɪˈgɑrdɪd ðə ˈʤʊriz kənˈvɪkʃən ənd juzd hɪz oʊn ˈʤəʤmənt tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ðə ˈpənɪʃmənt fər ðə θri ˈfɛləni ˈʧɑrʤɪz. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst, ʤəʤ ˈpərski ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈmɑrkt ðət ˈtərnərz rɪˈgrɛt ər gɪlt wɑz ril dɪˈspaɪt ˈtərnər ˈnɛvər əkˈsɛptɪŋ ðə ʧɑrʤ. poʊst rɪˈpɔrtər ˈsuzən roʊt, "hi sɛd hi bɪˈlivd ˈtərnər fɛlt ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪn rɪˈmɔrs." bət ðɛn hi ˈɔlsoʊ ækˈnɑlɪʤd ðət ðə ˈvɪktɪm ˈdɪdənt θɪŋk ˈtərnər ækˈnɑlɪʤd wət hid dən. "ɪn ˈɛsəns, [ʤəʤ ˈpərski] sɛd ðə dɪˈfɛndənt hæv tɪ əˈgri wɪθ ðə ˈvərdɪkt tɪ fil ˈtruli ˈsɑri," ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt. ðɪs kən ˈoʊnli ˈfərðər ˈəndərˌmaɪn ðə ˈʤəʤɪz dɪˈsɪʒən. ˈpərski wɑz ɔˈrɛdi ˈəndər faɪər fər seɪɪŋ ðət ə ˈlɔŋgər ˈprɪzən ˈsɛntəns "wʊd hæv ə səˈvɪr ˌɪmˈpækt" ɔn ˈtərnər. hi geɪv ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈstænfərd ˈstudənt sɪks mənθs ɪn ˈkaʊnti ʤeɪl ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðə ˈdiˈeɪ hæd æst fər sɪks jɪrz ɪn steɪt ˈprɪzən. ðə ˈvɪktɪm dɪˈskraɪbd hər ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn ə ˈlɛtər wɪʧ wɛnt ˈvaɪrəl. "aɪ æm ə ˈjumən biɪŋ hu həz bɪn ˌɪrɪˈvərsəbli hərt," ʃi roʊt, ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ waɪ ʃi θɔt səʧ ə ˈlinjənt ˈsɛntəns wɑz ə mɪˈsteɪk. ʃi sɛd ðət ðə ʤəʤ "ʃʊd nɑt kriˈeɪt ə ˈkəlʧər ðət səˈʤɛsts wi lərn ðət reɪp ɪz rɔŋ θru traɪəl ənd ˈɛrər." ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ, ə ˈlɛtər wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt frəm ə ˈʤʊrər wɪʧ əˈkjuzd ðə ʤəʤ əv ˌdɪsrɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ˈʤʊriz kənˈvɪkʃənz ɪn ðə keɪs. "ɪt simz tɪ mi ðət ju ˈrɪli dɪd nɑt əkˈsɛpt ðə ˈʤʊriz ˈfaɪndɪŋz. wi wər juˈnænəməs ɪn ɑr ˈfaɪndɪŋ əv ðə dɪˈfɛndənts gɪlt ənd ɑr ˈvərdɪkts wər ˈmɑrʤənəˌlaɪzd beɪst ɔn jʊr oʊn ˈpərsɪnəl əˈpɪnjən," hi roʊt ɪn ə ˈlɛtər tɪ ʤəʤ ˈpərski wɪʧ wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈpæloʊ ˈæltoʊ ˈwikli. ˈgɪvɪn ðə ðə ˈkɑntɛnts əv ðɪs ˈtrænˌskrɪpt, ɪt wʊd sim ðə ˈʤʊrər ɪz dɛd raɪt. mɔr ðən ə ˈmɪljən ˈpipəl hæv saɪnd pəˈtɪʃənz tɪ ˈriˌkɔl ʤəʤ ˈpərski, bət ˈsɪgnəʧərz nid tɪ bi kəˈlɛktəd ɪn ˈsɛrə ˈklɛrə ˈkaʊnti tɪ du soʊ. |
update at pm: with more firefighters on the ground overnight battling the butte fire. cal fire spokesperson nancy longmore outlines the overnight fire suppression efforts saying, “i know the specific targets, but they are just continuing to build line and as best as possible get a line around this monster.”
update at 7:35pm: cal fire has released the latest numbers on the butte fire. while some details are encouraging, others show the devastation the flames have brought. firefighters have been able to hold the acreage at and the containment has increased to 15%. however, cal fire damage crews spent the day on the burn scar and report unfortunately, 86 homes and 51 have been destroyed. the number of firefighters battling the blaze has hiked to with 452 engines and 94 on scene.
update at 6:35pm: following town hall meeting at calaveras high school, cao shirley ryan had a message for residents in the mandatory evacuation zones. click here to view the video.
to view the speech at the town hall meeting by calaveras county board of supervisors board chairman cliff edson, click here.
update at 4:15pm: the calaveras county office has issued a mandatory evacuation order for parts of san andreas. it includes pope street, west murray, lewis avenue, miller street, wimbledon drive, forest hill, turner ct., and along mountain ranch road near windmill, and the gold hunter subdivision.
update at 3:20pm: reporter tori james was on hand at town hall meeting at calaveras high school. some of the featured speakers included josh white, cal fire chief, paul young, fire chief for the san andreas fire department, cliff edson, calaveras county board of supervisors chairman, and kim zagaris, state fire and rescue chief for the state of california.
it was noted that five major wildfires are currently burning in california, but the butte fire is the number one priority. there are 350 engines from all over the state. the fire has been, at times, moving ft. a minute. there are an estimated evacuations. the main priority is protecting lives over property. once an individual receives a mandatory evacuation, and has left, they are not allowed to go back to their property.
the red cross considers the butte fire a national disaster and wants everyone who to register at one of the shelters so that they can prove the numbers, and keep track of the displaced for their planning for relief and recovery efforts. the red cross info line is.
calaveras county public health has a plan in place for the senior population. red cross says they can help folks get meds. seniors who are frail can get three days shelter, air purifiers and transportation. call common ground senior services for more information, at.
the calaveras county office is getting complaints about looters. law enforcement is being brought in from outside the area, through mutual aid agreements, to help provide additional patrol.
the jail and office have not been evacuated. the convalescent home is also currently ok, with fire lines around it.
there will be no school, monday, in calaveras county.
if the road is closed, mail will not be delivered. those postal customers impacted should contact the post office.
the video in the upper left hand box shows an interview conducted by tori james with kim zagaris, state fire rescue chief with the state of california.
update at 1:20pm: the first of two town hall meetings kicked off at at the calaveras high school gymnasium. as you can see in the photos, a strong crowd is on hand. a second town hall meeting will run from at bret harte high school. the fire officials noted toward the start of the first meeting that the cause of the butte fire is still under investigation, and it likely will be for a bit. it was also noted that fire and emergency officials are arriving from all across the state, and there are currently 350 engines. we have a reporter on hand and will bring you additional details.
update at 12pm: at least one case of looting has been reported in relation to the butte fire. the placer division reports that a suspect was taken into custody at a home in san andreas this morning, after there were signs of forced entry. agencies assisting the investigation included the san andreas, angels camp pd, calaveras county office and county office. no further information is immediately available.
update at 11:20am: the american red cross reports that evacuation centers are now open in calaveras county at the good samaritan church in valley springs, at 4684 baldwin street, and at the jenny lind veterans hall at 189 pine street. in amador county, an evacuation center remains open at the jackson hotel. red cross gold country spokesperson lilly wyatt says the calaveras county fairgrounds location was closed because it is now being used as a firefighting base camp, and the san andreas town hall location was closed because it is under an evacuation advisory.
an estimated 230 people passed through the calaveras county fairgrounds yesterday afternoon. last night, 220 stayed at the jackson site, 28 at the good samaritan church and 17 at the jenny lind veterans hall.
update at 8:15am: cal fire has updated its information regarding what areas are under evacuation orders and advisories. cal official information is listed below:
mandatory evacuation orders:
(calaveras county) town of hill, east of 49 from the county line south to goldstrike road. south on goldstrike road to the community of san andreas. rural areas east of san andreas to mountain ranch road. mountain ranch road to road to fourth crossing. fourth crossing to 49. east side of 49 south to north side of 4 (angels camp). north side of 4 east to town of arnold. all of sr 26 from hill north to the county line. to include the communities of glencoe, westpoint, and wilseyville.
(amador county) canyon view, fig tree lane, and ponderosa way; the town of pine grove to include all areas south of 88 from west clinton road, east to ranch drive. inclusive of the communities of ranch house estates, pine acres, jackson pines, pine drove and lake
evacuations advisories:
(calaveras county) city of angels camp, 49 south to 4 south at the city limits of angels camp. town of arnold, northwest of 4 includes of lakemont, mill woods and meadowmont. 4 north to sheep ranch lake springs sub-division, big trees state park, town of dorrington, town of murphys and forest meadows. town of san andreas. poole station road, carroll kennedy road, cement plant road, mine road, oak valley road, road, stallion road, deer creek road, road.
(amador county) 88 from ranch road east to tiger creek road (red corral and buckhorn areas).
update at 7:40am: cal fire reports that containment on butte fire was increased to 10% over night. this morning the fire is estimated to be acres. cal fire says at 15 structures have been destroyed. firefighters are now assigned to the incident.
original story at 6:25am: the butte fire burning in calaveras and amador counties has scorched at least acres and it is only five percent contained.
2,409 firefighters are assigned to the incident. cal fire reports this morning that evacuation orders remain in effect for the town of hill, rural areas east of san andreas, the stretch of highway 4 from murphys grade road to avery, in glencoe, west point and wilseyville. in angels camp, the order is in place murphys grade road, gardner lane, holly street, casey street, easy street, kirby street, avey place, court, country lane, lane, dog town road, clifton road and brunner hill. in amador county, the order includes communities like ranch house estates, pine acres, jackson pines, pine drove and lake. cal fire officials say that if you are unclear if your home is in the evacuation area, it is better to just be on the safe side and leave. there are also areas under a less severe evacuation advisory. this includes the rest of the city of angels camp, the town of arnold, dorrington, big trees state park, murphys and san andreas.
cal fire says the topography and terrain is causing notable challenges. yesterday afternoon governor jerry brown signed off on a state of emergency declaration, clearing the way for additional state resources and aid. the california national guard is also now engaged. cal fire spokesperson nancy longmore notes that the calaveras county fairgrounds is being into a base camp, and the evacuation center there is moving to the valley springs veterans hall. there are also evacuation centers at the san andreas town hall and the jackson hotel. at this point, evacuated animals are still being housed at the calaveras county fairgrounds. calaveras county animal services in san andreas is also assisting with pets and animals. the number to call is.
the calaveras county office reports that two butte fire town hall meetings are planned for this afternoon. the first will run from at the calaveras high school gymnasium, and the second from in the bret harte high school room.
the following road closures are in effect, according to cal fire:
(amador county) clinton road at butte mountain road (both ends) butte mountain road cutoff at clinton road. amador lane at clinton road, electra at sr 49, ponderosa road atd, access to laked is closed; 88 at w. clinton road, 88 at irish town road, 88 atd road, 88 at aqueduct circle, highway 88 at mount zion, sr 26 south of 88.
(calaveras county) sr 26 from hill to ridge road; ridge road closed to railroad flat road; railroad flat road closed to mountain ranch road; mountain ranch road closed to 49; michel road is closed.
a special thanks to our community news partners for sending in photos. pictures can be e-mailed to news@clarkebroadcasting.com.
click here to read what happened the next day on september 13th.
click here to read a rundown of butte fire information.
butte fire general facts
red cross safe and well website is here to register your current status and check for registrants.
cal fire spokesperson nancy longmore advises residents “if they feel threatened or unsafe, to just go ahead and leave because the fewer people that we have in the fire area, the fewer chances there are of vehicle accidents or heart attacks or those kinds of things.”
roads in the area are needed for emergency workers to get to where they need be. residents and visitors should avoid the area.
evacuation procedure and preparation information under community tab under fire info here
eight homes have been destroyed and structures are threatened by the butte fire
started wednesday, sep 9 at 160 acres initially overnight reported at thursday, acres reported at acres reported at friday morning the acreage went from acres to acres.
the butte fire is managed by a cal fire type 1 incident management team, (the highest priority incident level) cooperating agencies include cal oes, the forest service, blm,, calaveras county office, amador county office, red cross, caltrans, ca state parks and the amador fire protection district.
cal fire is awaiting a damage assessment team to arrive today to update the number of structures burned.
click here to read a story about concerns related to the smoke.
tuolumne county health officer liza ortiz: elderly, very young children and those with health conditions including asthma or should limit their outdoor activities when local air quality is “unhealthy for sensitive groups” (visibility less than 5 miles). calaveras county supervisors declared a local state of emergency due to the butte fire at thursday september details here governor jerry brown declared the butte fire a statewide emergency reported at friday reports that around customers were without electricity on the and by the afternoon remained with out power. columbia college in tuolumne closed at friday due to smoke. no tuolumne schools were closed. calaveras unified school district was closed thursday and friday. bret harte school district released students early friday due to mandatory evacuations. football games: hosted sonora due to smoke. sonora won. calaveras high played at modesto christian as scheduled winning summerville high played at bradshaw christian as scheduled losing in double overtime. the bret harte game was moved to monday in escalon.
written by hansen. report breaking news, traffic or weather to our news hotline. send mother lode news story photos to news@clarkebroadcasting.com. sign up for our free daily newsletters by clicking here. fire information is located under the “community” tab or keyword: fire
local burn day information is here. if you see breaking news send us a photo at news@clarkebroadcasting.com. | ˈəpˌdeɪt æt piɛm: wɪθ mɔr ˈfaɪərˌfaɪtərz ɔn ðə graʊnd ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ˈbætəlɪŋ ðə bjut faɪər. kæl faɪər ˈspoʊkspərsən ˈnænsi ˈloʊŋmɔr ˈaʊˌtlaɪnz ðə ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt faɪər səˈprɛʃən ˈɛfərts seɪɪŋ, noʊ ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈtɑrgəts, bət ðeɪ ər ʤɪst kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ tɪ bɪld laɪn ənd ɛz bɛst ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl gɪt ə laɪn əraʊnd ðɪs monster.”*.” ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 7:35pm*: kæl faɪər həz riˈlist ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈnəmbərz ɔn ðə bjut faɪər. waɪl səm ˈditeɪlz ər ɪnˈkərəʤɪŋ, ˈəðərz ʃoʊ ðə ˌdɛvəˈsteɪʃən ðə fleɪmz hæv brɔt. ˈfaɪərˌfaɪtərz hæv bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ hoʊld ðə ˈeɪkərɪʤ æt ənd ðə kənˈteɪnmənt həz ˌɪnˈkrist tɪ 15 ˌhaʊˈɛvər, kæl faɪər ˈdæmɪʤ kruz spɛnt ðə deɪ ɔn ðə bərn skɑr ənd rɪˈpɔrt ənˈfɔrʧənətli, 86 hoʊmz ənd 51 hæv bɪn dɪˈstrɔɪd. ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈfaɪərˌfaɪtərz ˈbætəlɪŋ ðə bleɪz həz haɪkt tɪ wɪθ 452 ˈɛnʤənz ənd 94 ɔn sin. ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 6:35pm*: ˈfɑloʊɪŋ taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ æt kæləˈvɛrəz haɪ skul, kaʊ ˈʃərli raɪən hæd ə ˈmɛsɪʤ fər ˈrɛzɪdənts ɪn ðə ˈmændəˌtɔri ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən zoʊnz. klɪk hir tɪ vju ðə ˈvɪdioʊ. tɪ vju ðə spiʧ æt ðə taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ baɪ kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti bɔrd əv ˌsupərˈvaɪzərz bɔrd ˈʧɛrmən klɪf ˈɛdsən, klɪk hir. ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 4:15pm*: ðə kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs həz ˈɪʃud ə ˈmændəˌtɔri ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈɔrdər fər pɑrts əv sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs. ɪt ˌɪnˈkludz poʊp strit, wɛst ˈməri, luɪs ˈævəˌnu, ˈmɪlər strit, ˈwɪmbəldən draɪv, ˈfɔrɪst hɪl, ˈtərnər kɔrt., ənd əˈlɔŋ ˈmaʊntən rænʧ roʊd nɪr ˈwɪndˌmɪl, ənd ðə goʊld ˈhəntər ˈsəbdɪˌvɪʒən. ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 3:20pm*: rɪˈpɔrtər ˈtɔri ʤeɪmz wɑz ɔn hænd æt taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ æt kæləˈvɛrəz haɪ skul. səm əv ðə ˈfiʧərd ˈspikərz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ʤɑʃ waɪt, kæl faɪər ʧif, pɔl jəŋ, faɪər ʧif fər ðə sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs faɪər dɪˈpɑrtmənt, klɪf ˈɛdsən, kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti bɔrd əv ˌsupərˈvaɪzərz ˈʧɛrmən, ənd kɪm zagaris*, steɪt faɪər ənd ˈrɛskju ʧif fər ðə steɪt əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə. ɪt wɑz ˈnoʊtɪd ðət faɪv ˈmeɪʤər ˈwaɪldˌfaɪərz ər ˈkərəntli ˈbərnɪŋ ɪn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, bət ðə bjut faɪər ɪz ðə ˈnəmbər wən praɪˈɔrəti. ðɛr ər 350 ˈɛnʤənz frəm ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə steɪt. ðə faɪər həz bɪn, æt taɪmz, ˈmuvɪŋ ft*. ə ˈmɪnət. ðɛr ər ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃənz. ðə meɪn praɪˈɔrəti ɪz prəˈtɛktɪŋ lɪvz ˈoʊvər ˈprɑpərti. wəns ən ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl rɪˈsivz ə ˈmændəˌtɔri ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən, ənd həz lɛft, ðeɪ ər nɑt əˈlaʊd tɪ goʊ bæk tɪ ðɛr ˈprɑpərti. ðə rɛd krɔs kənˈsɪdərz ðə bjut faɪər ə ˈnæʃənəl dɪˈzæstər ənd wɔnts ˈɛvriˌwən hu tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər æt wən əv ðə ˈʃɛltərz soʊ ðət ðeɪ kən pruv ðə ˈnəmbərz, ənd kip træk əv ðə dɪˈspleɪst fər ðɛr ˈplænɪŋ fər rɪˈlif ənd rɪˈkəvəri ˈɛfərts. ðə rɛd krɔs ˈɪnfoʊ laɪn ɪz kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈpəblɪk hɛlθ həz ə plæn ɪn pleɪs fər ðə ˈsinjər ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. rɛd krɔs sɪz ðeɪ kən hɛlp foʊks gɪt meds*. ˈsinjərz hu ər freɪl kən gɪt θri deɪz ˈʃɛltər, ɛr ˈpjʊrəˌfaɪərz ənd ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən. kɔl ˈkɑmən graʊnd ˈsinjər ˈsərvɪsɪz fər mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, æt ðə kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ kəmˈpleɪnts əˈbaʊt ˈlutərz. lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ɪz biɪŋ brɔt ɪn frəm ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈɛriə, θru mˈjuʧuəl eɪd əˈgrimənts, tɪ hɛlp prəˈvaɪd əˈdɪʃənəl pəˈtroʊl. ðə ʤeɪl ənd ˈɔfəs hæv nɑt bɪn ɪˈvækjəˌweɪtɪd. ðə ˌkɑnvəˈlɛsənt hoʊm ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkərəntli ˈoʊˈkeɪ, wɪθ faɪər laɪnz əraʊnd ɪt. ðɛr wɪl bi noʊ skul, ˈmənˌdeɪ, ɪn kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti. ɪf ðə roʊd ɪz kloʊzd, meɪl wɪl nɑt bi dɪˈlɪvərd. ðoʊz ˈpoʊstəl ˈkəstəmərz ˌɪmˈpæktɪd ʃʊd ˈkɑnˌtækt ðə poʊst ˈɔfəs. ðə ˈvɪdioʊ ɪn ðə ˈəpər lɛft hænd bɑks ʃoʊz ən ˈɪntərvˌju kənˈdəktəd baɪ ˈtɔri ʤeɪmz wɪθ kɪm zagaris*, steɪt faɪər ˈrɛskju ʧif wɪθ ðə steɪt əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə. ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 1:20pm*: ðə fərst əv tu taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋz kɪkt ɔf æt æt ðə kæləˈvɛrəz haɪ skul ʤɪmˈneɪziəm. ɛz ju kən si ɪn ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz, ə strɔŋ kraʊd ɪz ɔn hænd. ə ˈsɛkənd taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ wɪl rən frəm æt brɛt hɑrt haɪ skul. ðə faɪər əˈfɪʃəlz ˈnoʊtɪd təˈwɔrd ðə stɑrt əv ðə fərst ˈmitɪŋ ðət ðə kɔz əv ðə bjut faɪər ɪz stɪl ˈəndər ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən, ənd ɪt ˈlaɪkli wɪl bi fər ə bɪt. ɪt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnoʊtɪd ðət faɪər ənd ˈimərʤənsi əˈfɪʃəlz ər ərˈaɪvɪŋ frəm ɔl əˈkrɔs ðə steɪt, ənd ðɛr ər ˈkərəntli 350 ˈɛnʤənz. wi hæv ə rɪˈpɔrtər ɔn hænd ənd wɪl brɪŋ ju əˈdɪʃənəl ˈditeɪlz. ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 12pm*: æt list wən keɪs əv ˈlutɪŋ həz bɪn ˌriˈpɔrtəd ɪn riˈleɪʃən tɪ ðə bjut faɪər. ðə ˈplæsər dɪˈvɪʒən rɪˈpɔrts ðət ə ˈsəˌspɛkt wɑz ˈteɪkən ˈɪntu ˈkəstədi æt ə hoʊm ɪn sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ, ˈæftər ðɛr wər saɪnz əv fɔrst ˈɛntri. ˈeɪʤənsiz əˈsɪstɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˌɪnˈkludɪd ðə sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs, ˈeɪnʤəlz kæmp pd*, kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs ənd ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs. noʊ ˈfərðər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli əˈveɪləbəl. ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 11:20am*: ðə əˈmɛrɪkən rɛd krɔs rɪˈpɔrts ðət ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈsɛnərz ər naʊ ˈoʊpən ɪn kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti æt ðə gʊd səˈmɛrɪtən ʧərʧ ɪn ˈvæli spərɪŋz, æt 4684 ˈbɔldwən strit, ənd æt ðə ˈʤɛni lɪnd ˈvɛtərənz hɔl æt 189 paɪn strit. ɪn ˈæməˌdɔr ˈkaʊnti, ən ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈsɛnər rɪˈmeɪnz ˈoʊpən æt ðə ˈʤæksən hoʊˈtɛl. rɛd krɔs goʊld ˈkəntri ˈspoʊkspərsən ˈlɪli waɪət sɪz ðə kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈfɛrˌgraʊndz loʊˈkeɪʃən wɑz kloʊzd bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz naʊ biɪŋ juzd ɛz ə ˈfaɪrˌfaɪtɪŋ beɪs kæmp, ənd ðə sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs taʊn hɔl loʊˈkeɪʃən wɑz kloʊzd bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ˈəndər ən ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ædˈvaɪzəri. ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd 230 ˈpipəl pæst θru ðə kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈfɛrˌgraʊndz ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ ˌæftərˈnun. læst naɪt, 220 steɪd æt ðə ˈʤæksən saɪt, 28 æt ðə gʊd səˈmɛrɪtən ʧərʧ ənd 17 æt ðə ˈʤɛni lɪnd ˈvɛtərənz hɔl. ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 8:15am*: kæl faɪər həz ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ɪts ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ wət ˈɛriəz ər ˈəndər ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈɔrdərz ənd ədˈvaɪzəriz. kæl əˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ˈlɪstɪd bɪˈloʊ: ˈmændəˌtɔri ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈɔrdərz: (kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti) taʊn əv hɪl, ist əv 49 frəm ðə ˈkaʊnti laɪn saʊθ tɪ ˈgoʊldˌstraɪk roʊd. saʊθ ɔn ˈgoʊldˌstraɪk roʊd tɪ ðə kəmˈjunɪti əv sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs. ˈrʊrəl ˈɛriəz ist əv sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs tɪ ˈmaʊntən rænʧ roʊd. ˈmaʊntən rænʧ roʊd tɪ roʊd tɪ fɔrθ ˈkrɔsɪŋ. fɔrθ ˈkrɔsɪŋ tɪ 49 ist saɪd əv 49 saʊθ tɪ nɔrθ saɪd əv 4 (ˈeɪnʤəlz kæmp). nɔrθ saɪd əv 4 ist tɪ taʊn əv ˈɑrnəld. ɔl əv ˈsɪstər 26 frəm hɪl nɔrθ tɪ ðə ˈkaʊnti laɪn. tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ðə kəmˈjunɪtiz əv glencoe*, westpoint*, ənd wilseyville*. (ˈæməˌdɔr ˈkaʊnti) ˈkænjən vju, fɪg tri leɪn, ənd ˌpɑndərˈoʊsə weɪ; ðə taʊn əv paɪn groʊv tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ɔl ˈɛriəz saʊθ əv 88 frəm wɛst ˈklɪntən roʊd, ist tɪ rænʧ draɪv. ˌɪnˈklusɪv əv ðə kəmˈjunɪtiz əv rænʧ haʊs ɛˈsteɪts, paɪn ˈeɪkərz, ˈʤæksən paɪnz, paɪn droʊv ənd leɪk ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃənz ədˈvaɪzəriz: (kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti) ˈsɪti əv ˈeɪnʤəlz kæmp, 49 saʊθ tɪ 4 saʊθ æt ðə ˈsɪti ˈlɪmɪts əv ˈeɪnʤəlz kæmp. taʊn əv ˈɑrnəld, ˌnɔrθˈwɛst əv 4 ˌɪnˈkludz əv lakemont*, mɪl wʊdz ənd meadowmont*. 4 nɔrθ tɪ ʃip rænʧ leɪk spərɪŋz sub-division*, bɪg triz steɪt pɑrk, taʊn əv dorrington*, taʊn əv ˈmərfiz ənd ˈfɔrɪst ˈmɛˌdoʊz. taʊn əv sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs. pul ˈsteɪʃən roʊd, ˈkɛrəl ˈkɛnədi roʊd, sɪˈmɛnt plænt roʊd, maɪn roʊd, oʊk ˈvæli roʊd, roʊd, ˈstæljən roʊd, dɪr krik roʊd, roʊd. (ˈæməˌdɔr ˈkaʊnti) 88 frəm rænʧ roʊd ist tɪ ˈtaɪgər krik roʊd (rɛd kəræl ənd ˈbəˌkhɔrn ˈɛriəz). ˈəpˌdeɪt æt 7:40am*: kæl faɪər rɪˈpɔrts ðət kənˈteɪnmənt ɔn bjut faɪər wɑz ˌɪnˈkrist tɪ 10 ˈoʊvər naɪt. ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ ðə faɪər ɪz ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd tɪ bi ˈeɪkərz. kæl faɪər sɪz æt 15 ˈstrəkʧərz hæv bɪn dɪˈstrɔɪd. ˈfaɪərˌfaɪtərz ər naʊ əˈsaɪnd tɪ ðə ˈɪnsədənt. ərˈɪʤənəl ˈstɔri æt 6:25am*: ðə bjut faɪər ˈbərnɪŋ ɪn kæləˈvɛrəz ənd ˈæməˌdɔr ˈkaʊntiz həz skɔrʧt æt list ˈeɪkərz ənd ɪt ɪz ˈoʊnli faɪv pərˈsɛnt kənˈteɪnd. ˈfaɪərˌfaɪtərz ər əˈsaɪnd tɪ ðə ˈɪnsədənt. kæl faɪər rɪˈpɔrts ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ ðət ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈɔrdərz rɪˈmeɪn ɪn ˈifɛkt fər ðə taʊn əv hɪl, ˈrʊrəl ˈɛriəz ist əv sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs, ðə strɛʧ əv ˈhaɪˌweɪ 4 frəm ˈmərfiz greɪd roʊd tɪ ˈeɪvəri, ɪn glencoe*, wɛst pɔɪnt ənd wilseyville*. ɪn ˈeɪnʤəlz kæmp, ðə ˈɔrdər ɪz ɪn pleɪs ˈmərfiz greɪd roʊd, ˈgɑrdnər leɪn, ˈhɑli strit, ˈkeɪsi strit, ˈizi strit, ˈkərbi strit, ˈeɪvi pleɪs, kɔrt, ˈkəntri leɪn, leɪn, dɔg taʊn roʊd, ˈklɪftən roʊd ənd ˈbrənər hɪl. ɪn ˈæməˌdɔr ˈkaʊnti, ðə ˈɔrdər ˌɪnˈkludz kəmˈjunɪtiz laɪk rænʧ haʊs ɛˈsteɪts, paɪn ˈeɪkərz, ˈʤæksən paɪnz, paɪn droʊv ənd leɪk. kæl faɪər əˈfɪʃəlz seɪ ðət ɪf ju ər ənˈklɪr ɪf jʊr hoʊm ɪz ɪn ðə ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈɛriə, ɪt ɪz ˈbɛtər tɪ ʤɪst bi ɔn ðə seɪf saɪd ənd liv. ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛriəz ˈəndər ə lɛs səˈvɪr ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ædˈvaɪzəri. ðɪs ˌɪnˈkludz ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈsɪti əv ˈeɪnʤəlz kæmp, ðə taʊn əv ˈɑrnəld, dorrington*, bɪg triz steɪt pɑrk, ˈmərfiz ənd sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs. kæl faɪər sɪz ðə təˈpɑgrəfi ənd təreɪn ɪz ˈkɔzɪŋ ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈʧælənʤɪz. ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ ˌæftərˈnun ˈgəvərnər ˈʤɛri braʊn saɪnd ɔf ɔn ə steɪt əv ˈimərʤənsi ˌdɛklərˈeɪʃən, ˈklɪrɪŋ ðə weɪ fər əˈdɪʃənəl steɪt ˈrisɔrsɪz ənd eɪd. ðə ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ˈnæʃənəl gɑrd ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ naʊ ɪnˈgeɪʤd. kæl faɪər ˈspoʊkspərsən ˈnænsi ˈloʊŋmɔr noʊts ðət ðə kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈfɛrˌgraʊndz ɪz biɪŋ ˈɪntu ə beɪs kæmp, ənd ðə ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈsɛnər ðɛr ɪz ˈmuvɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈvæli spərɪŋz ˈvɛtərənz hɔl. ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˈsɛnərz æt ðə sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs taʊn hɔl ənd ðə ˈʤæksən hoʊˈtɛl. æt ðɪs pɔɪnt, ɪˈvækjəˌweɪtɪd ˈænəməlz ər stɪl biɪŋ haʊzd æt ðə kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈfɛrˌgraʊndz. kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈænəməl ˈsərvɪsɪz ɪn sæn ɑnˈdreɪəs ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ əˈsɪstɪŋ wɪθ pɛts ənd ˈænəməlz. ðə ˈnəmbər tɪ kɔl ɪz ðə kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs rɪˈpɔrts ðət tu bjut faɪər taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋz ər plænd fər ðɪs ˌæftərˈnun. ðə fərst wɪl rən frəm æt ðə kæləˈvɛrəz haɪ skul ʤɪmˈneɪziəm, ənd ðə ˈsɛkənd frəm ɪn ðə brɛt hɑrt haɪ skul rum. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ roʊd ˈkloʊʒərz ər ɪn ˈifɛkt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ kæl faɪər: (ˈæməˌdɔr ˈkaʊnti) ˈklɪntən roʊd æt bjut ˈmaʊntən roʊd (boʊθ ɛndz) bjut ˈmaʊntən roʊd ˈkəˌtɔf æt ˈklɪntən roʊd. ˈæməˌdɔr leɪn æt ˈklɪntən roʊd, ɪˈlɛktrə æt ˈsɪstər 49 ˌpɑndərˈoʊsə roʊd æt, ˈækˌsɛs tɪ leɪk ɪz kloʊzd; 88 æt ˈdəbəlju. ˈklɪntən roʊd, 88 æt ˈaɪrɪʃ taʊn roʊd, 88 æt roʊd, 88 æt ˈækwəˌdəkt ˈsərkəl, ˈhaɪˌweɪ 88 æt maʊnt zaɪən, ˈsɪstər 26 saʊθ əv 88 (kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti) ˈsɪstər 26 frəm hɪl tɪ rɪʤ roʊd; rɪʤ roʊd kloʊzd tɪ ˈreɪˌlroʊd flæt roʊd; ˈreɪˌlroʊd flæt roʊd kloʊzd tɪ ˈmaʊntən rænʧ roʊd; ˈmaʊntən rænʧ roʊd kloʊzd tɪ 49 ˈmɪʧəl roʊd ɪz kloʊzd. ə ˈspɛʃəl θæŋks tɪ ɑr kəmˈjunɪti nuz ˈpɑrtnərz fər ˈsɛndɪŋ ɪn ˈfoʊˌtoʊz. ˈpɪkʧərz kən bi ˈiˌmeɪld tɪ news@clarkebroadcasting.com*. klɪk hir tɪ rɛd wət ˈhæpənd ðə nɛkst deɪ ɔn sɛpˈtɛmbər 13th*. klɪk hir tɪ rɛd ə ˈrənˌdaʊn əv bjut faɪər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. bjut faɪər ˈʤɛnərəl fækts rɛd krɔs seɪf ənd wɛl ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ɪz hir tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər jʊr ˈkɑrənt ˈstætəs ənd ʧɛk fər ˈrɛʤəstrənts. kæl faɪər ˈspoʊkspərsən ˈnænsi ˈloʊŋmɔr ædˈvaɪzɪz ˈrɛzɪdənts ðeɪ fil θˈrɛtənd ər ənˈseɪf, tɪ ʤɪst goʊ əˈhɛd ənd liv bɪˈkəz ðə fjuər ˈpipəl ðət wi hæv ɪn ðə faɪər ˈɛriə, ðə fjuər ˈʧænsɪz ðɛr ər əv ˈviɪkəl ˈæksədənts ər hɑrt əˈtæks ər ðoʊz kaɪnz əv things.”*.” roʊdz ɪn ðə ˈɛriə ər ˈnidɪd fər ˈimərʤənsi ˈwərkərz tɪ gɪt tɪ wɛr ðeɪ nid bi. ˈrɛzɪdənts ənd ˈvɪzɪtərz ʃʊd əˈvɔɪd ðə ˈɛriə. ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən prəˈsiʤər ənd ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈəndər kəmˈjunɪti tæb ˈəndər faɪər ˈɪnfoʊ hir eɪt hoʊmz hæv bɪn dɪˈstrɔɪd ənd ˈstrəkʧərz ər θˈrɛtənd baɪ ðə bjut faɪər ˈstɑrtɪd ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ˈɛˈsiˈpi 9 æt 160 ˈeɪkərz ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ˌriˈpɔrtəd æt ˈθərzˌdeɪ, ˈeɪkərz ˌriˈpɔrtəd æt ˈeɪkərz ˌriˈpɔrtəd æt ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ ðə ˈeɪkərɪʤ wɛnt frəm ˈeɪkərz tɪ ˈeɪkərz. ðə bjut faɪər ɪz ˈmænɪʤd baɪ ə kæl faɪər taɪp 1 ˈɪnsədənt ˈmænɪʤmənt tim, (ðə haɪəst praɪˈɔrəti ˈɪnsədənt ˈlɛvəl) koʊˈɑpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈeɪʤənsiz ˌɪnˈklud kæl oes*, ðə ˈfɔrɪst ˈsərvɪs, blm*,, kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs, ˈæməˌdɔr ˈkaʊnti ˈɔfəs, rɛd krɔs, ˈkælˌtrænz, ˈsiˈeɪ steɪt pɑrks ənd ðə ˈæməˌdɔr faɪər prəˈtɛkʃən ˈdɪstrɪkt. kæl faɪər ɪz əˈweɪtɪŋ ə ˈdæmɪʤ əˈsɛsmənt tim tɪ əraɪv təˈdeɪ tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈstrəkʧərz bərnd. klɪk hir tɪ rɛd ə ˈstɔri əˈbaʊt kənˈsərnz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə smoʊk. tˈwɔlum ˈkaʊnti hɛlθ ˈɔfɪsər ˈlizə ˌɔrˈtiz: ˈɛldərli, ˈvɛri jəŋ ˈʧɪldrən ənd ðoʊz wɪθ hɛlθ kənˈdɪʃənz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈæzmə ər ʃʊd ˈlɪmət ðɛr ˈaʊtˌdɔr ækˈtɪvɪtiz wɪn ˈloʊkəl ɛr kˈwɑləti ɪz fər ˈsɛnsɪtɪv groups”*” (ˌvɪzəˈbɪlɪti lɛs ðən 5 maɪəlz). kæləˈvɛrəz ˈkaʊnti ˌsupərˈvaɪzərz dɪˈklɛrd ə ˈloʊkəl steɪt əv ˈimərʤənsi du tɪ ðə bjut faɪər æt ˈθərzˌdeɪ sɛpˈtɛmbər ˈditeɪlz hir ˈgəvərnər ˈʤɛri braʊn dɪˈklɛrd ðə bjut faɪər ə ˈsteɪtˌwaɪd ˈimərʤənsi ˌriˈpɔrtəd æt ˈfraɪˌdeɪ rɪˈpɔrts ðət əraʊnd ˈkəstəmərz wər wɪˈθaʊt ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsəti ɔn ðə ənd baɪ ðə ˌæftərˈnun rɪˈmeɪnd wɪθ aʊt paʊər. kəˈləmbiə ˈkɑlɪʤ ɪn tˈwɔlum kloʊzd æt ˈfraɪˌdeɪ du tɪ smoʊk. noʊ tˈwɔlum skulz wər kloʊzd. kæləˈvɛrəz ˈjunəˌfaɪd skul ˈdɪstrɪkt wɑz kloʊzd ˈθərzˌdeɪ ənd ˈfraɪˌdeɪ. brɛt hɑrt skul ˈdɪstrɪkt riˈlist ˈstudənts ˈərli ˈfraɪˌdeɪ du tɪ ˈmændəˌtɔri ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃənz. ˈfʊtˌbɔl geɪmz: ˈhoʊstɪd səˈnɔrə du tɪ smoʊk. səˈnɔrə wən kæləˈvɛrəz haɪ pleɪd æt moʊˈdɛstoʊ ˈkrɪsʧɪn ɛz ˈskɛʤʊld ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈsəmərˌvɪl haɪ pleɪd æt ˈbrædˌʃɔ ˈkrɪsʧɪn ɛz ˈskɛʤʊld ˈluzɪŋ ɪn ˈdəbəl ˈoʊvərˌtaɪm ðə brɛt hɑrt geɪm wɑz muvd tɪ ˈmənˌdeɪ ɪn escalon*. ˈrɪtən baɪ ˈhænsən. rɪˈpɔrt ˈbreɪkɪŋ nuz, ˈtræfɪk ər ˈwɛðər tɪ ɑr nuz ˈhɑˌtlaɪn sɛnd ˈməðər loʊd nuz ˈstɔri ˈfoʊˌtoʊz tɪ news@clarkebroadcasting.com*. saɪn əp fər ɑr fri ˈdeɪli ˈnuzˌlɛtərz baɪ ˈklɪkɪŋ hir. faɪər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ˈəndər ðə ““community”*” tæb ər ˈkiˌwərd: faɪər ˈloʊkəl bərn deɪ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz hir. ɪf ju si ˈbreɪkɪŋ nuz sɛnd ˈjuˈɛs ə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ æt news@clarkebroadcasting.com*. |
at monument mountain regional high school in massachusetts, educators responded when students came forward with an idea for an entirely approach to school. in one course, students set their own learning goals, work and seek help from mentors when needed. they study math, science, social science and literature topics that interest them through a driving question each week, presenting their findings to a group. their teachers were impressed with the rigor of their work and the motivation students displayed when they drove the agenda.
saying students should drive their own learning is much easier than helping them do it. former alan november has done some deep thinking about how teachers can help students gain the skills need to be independent learners. he emphasizes that teachers should help students ask the right questions and use the technology tools available to them to find credible information. he recommends teachers give students the ability to work on long-term projects that meaningfully contribute to the world, helping to provide the motivation for independent learning.
while some schools are finding ways to let students take up the reins of their education, many are still beholden to the regimented public system that includes lots of standardized testing for assessment and accountability purposes. the increasing focus on testing has driven some families away from the education system entirely, and the number of students has grown.
one particular strain of home schooling, known as unschooling, has caught the imagination of many readers. follow no set curriculum, but rather let their children explore the world on their own terms and at their own speed. the focus is on curiosity, inquiry and projects, with the belief that kids will ask for help and learn in all disciplines when acquiring the necessary knowledge to achieve something with which they are absorbed.
readers continue to debate whether students can really learn what need to be functioning adults without the intervention of a teacher or parent, but several people who have been themselves say doing well in the world. dr. peter gray has studied what go on to do, and whether they face discrimination or other obstacles as they apply to colleges and enter the workforce.
social and emotional development
much of the disaffection with the school system stems from a pervasive feeling that the intense focus on formal academics has inadvertently neglected the rest of a personality and humanity. while employers, psychologists and other researchers have repeatedly noted that social and emotional skills like empathy are some of the most important ones for success, many schools still lag in developing effective programs to nurture those soft skills.
societal norms posit girls as being more emotionally intelligent than boys, but the subtle ways that teachers and parents reinforce that gender stereotype can harm boys, who need to learn empathy as an important life skill for connecting with others, and developing moral courage. many of these interpersonal skills develop naturally when children have the opportunity to play together in unstructured environments, but free play is on the decline both in schools and at home. researchers are now even questioning if lack of free play in students’ lives could be partly responsible for rising rates of depression among youth.
one way to help students develop social and emotional skills is by helping them develop the part of their brain that governs -- the prefrontal cortex. a few schools working with some of the most traumatized and disadvantaged students are finding that practicing -- centering activities like focused breathing that keep the mind in the here and now -- can help students build the focus, decision-making and ability to think ahead that many students lack. one elementary school in richmond, california, with a program found behavior problems diminished and academic achievement increased with just a few minutes of every week.
brain-based strategies
there’s a lot of research about how people learn best, but not all of that information has made it into mainstream classrooms. while many educators spend their free time brushing up on the new (and sometimes not so new) research, others are content to continue doing what has been done before. and students are just as susceptible to the inertia as the adults around them.
'we know how kids learn. we know what classes should look like. and yet our classes look almost the opposite.'
students who have grown up in the current school system are used to being told exactly what they need to do in order to succeed. but the emphasis on grades and college can sometimes have the unintended consequence of making learning all about achieving an external goal and not about the learning itself.
increasingly, teachers are working to change that dynamic by moving to grading, allowing students to receive credit for demonstrating understanding even if that realization comes after the class has moved onto a new topic. removing the stress of grades can help focus students back on learning together, especially if the teacher makes a special emphasis to build a culture of trust in the classroom.
“we know how kids learn. we know what classes should look like. and yet our classes look almost the opposite,” said adam holman, a texas educator who worked hard to “deprogram” his kids from the traditional way of learning by teaching them about how their brains work and why the dominant teaching style is incompatible. when holman treated his students like adults who could understand the system in which they played, he earned their trust and their hard work.
sometimes the teaching and studying strategies thought to work best actively contradict learning. new york times writer benedict carey devoted an entire book to describing study strategies based in cognitive science about memory and learning. for example, students tend to spend hours cramming for a test the next day, only to promptly forget everything they learned. be better served to chunk study time over several days, taking breaks, sleeping more and quizzing themselves along the way. many students know any strategies to improve their own study skills and end up wasting a lot of time and effort.
best tech tools
educators are always interested in tech products proven to be simple and effective in the classroom. when new canaan high school (connecticut) librarian michelle invited several of her colleagues to combine their favorite apps and share a list with the world, educators loved it. and it can be particularly helpful to find a great tool for subjects that get a lot of attention, like physics. | æt ˈmɑnjəmənt ˈmaʊntən ˈriʤənəl haɪ skul ɪn ˌmæsəˈʧusəts, ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtərz rɪˈspɑndɪd wɪn ˈstudənts keɪm ˈfɔrwərd wɪθ ən aɪˈdiə fər ən ɪnˈtaɪərli əˈproʊʧ tɪ skul. ɪn wən kɔrs, ˈstudənts sɛt ðɛr oʊn ˈlərnɪŋ goʊlz, wərk ənd sik hɛlp frəm ˈmɛnˌtɔrz wɪn ˈnidɪd. ðeɪ ˈstədi mæθ, saɪəns, ˈsoʊʃəl saɪəns ənd ˈlɪtərəʧər ˈtɑpɪks ðət ˈɪntəˌrɛst ðɛm θru ə ˈdraɪvɪŋ kˈwɛʃən iʧ wik, prɪˈzɛntɪŋ ðɛr ˈfaɪndɪŋz tɪ ə grup. ðɛr ˈtiʧərz wər ˌɪmˈprɛst wɪθ ðə ˈrɪgər əv ðɛr wərk ənd ðə ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃən ˈstudənts dɪˈspleɪd wɪn ðeɪ droʊv ðə əˈʤɛndə. seɪɪŋ ˈstudənts ʃʊd draɪv ðɛr oʊn ˈlərnɪŋ ɪz məʧ ˈiziər ðən ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðɛm du ɪt. ˈfɔrmər ˈælən noʊˈvɛmbər həz dən səm dip ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt haʊ ˈtiʧərz kən hɛlp ˈstudənts geɪn ðə skɪlz nid tɪ bi ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈlərnərz. hi ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzɪz ðət ˈtiʧərz ʃʊd hɛlp ˈstudənts æsk ðə raɪt kˈwɛsʧənz ənd juz ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi tulz əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ðɛm tɪ faɪnd ˈkrɛdəbəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. hi ˌrɛkəˈmɛndz ˈtiʧərz gɪv ˈstudənts ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ wərk ɔn ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈprɑʤɛkts ðət ˈminɪŋfəli kənˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðə wərld, ˈhɛlpɪŋ tɪ prəˈvaɪd ðə ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃən fər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈlərnɪŋ. waɪl səm skulz ər ˈfaɪndɪŋ weɪz tɪ lɛt ˈstudənts teɪk əp ðə reɪnz əv ðɛr ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən, ˈmɛni ər stɪl bɪˈhoʊldən tɪ ðə ˈrɛʤəˌmɛntɪd ˈpəblɪk ˈsɪstəm ðət ˌɪnˈkludz lɑts əv ˈstændərˌdaɪzd ˈtɛstɪŋ fər əˈsɛsmənt ənd əˈkaʊntəˌbɪlɪti ˈpərpəsɪz. ðə ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˈtɛstɪŋ həz ˈdrɪvən səm ˈfæməliz əˈweɪ frəm ðə ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪstəm ɪnˈtaɪərli, ənd ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈstudənts həz groʊn. wən ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr streɪn əv hoʊm ˈskulɪŋ, noʊn ɛz unschooling*, həz kɔt ðə ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən əv ˈmɛni ˈridərz. ˈfɑloʊ noʊ sɛt kərˈɪkjələm, bət ˈrəðər lɛt ðɛr ˈʧɪldrən ɪkˈsplɔr ðə wərld ɔn ðɛr oʊn tərmz ənd æt ðɛr oʊn spid. ðə ˈfoʊkɪs ɪz ɔn ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti, ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ənd ˈprɑʤɛkts, wɪθ ðə bɪˈlif ðət kɪdz wɪl æsk fər hɛlp ənd lərn ɪn ɔl ˈdɪsəplənz wɪn əkˈwaɪərɪŋ ðə ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈnɑlɪʤ tɪ əˈʧiv ˈsəmθɪŋ wɪθ wɪʧ ðeɪ ər əbˈzɔrbd. ˈridərz kənˈtɪnju tɪ dəˈbeɪt ˈwɛðər ˈstudənts kən ˈrɪli lərn wət nid tɪ bi ˈfəŋkʃənɪŋ ˈædəlts wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən əv ə ˈtiʧər ər ˈpɛrənt, bət ˈsɛvərəl ˈpipəl hu hæv bɪn ðɛmˈsɛlvz seɪ duɪŋ wɛl ɪn ðə wərld. ˈdɑktər. ˈpitər greɪ həz ˈstədid wət goʊ ɔn tɪ du, ənd ˈwɛðər ðeɪ feɪs dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən ər ˈəðər ˈɑbstəkəlz ɛz ðeɪ əˈplaɪ tɪ ˈkɑlɪʤɪz ənd ˈɛnər ðə ˈwərkˌfɔrs. ˈsoʊʃəl ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl dɪˈvɛləpmənt məʧ əv ðə ˌdɪsəˈfɛkʃən wɪθ ðə skul ˈsɪstəm stɛmz frəm ə pərˈveɪsɪv ˈfilɪŋ ðət ðə ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˈfɔrməl ˌækəˈdɛmɪks həz ˌɪnədˈvərtəntli nɪˈglɛktɪd ðə rɛst əv ə ˌpərsəˈnælɪti ənd juˈmænɪti. waɪl ɪmˈplɔɪərz, saɪˈkɑləʤəsts ənd ˈəðər ˈrisərʧərz hæv rɪˈpitɪdli ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ˈsoʊʃəl ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl skɪlz laɪk ˈɛmpəθi ər səm əv ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt wənz fər səkˈsɛs, ˈmɛni skulz stɪl læg ɪn dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˈifɛktɪv ˈproʊˌgræmz tɪ ˈnərʧər ðoʊz sɔft skɪlz. səˈsaɪɪtəl nɔrmz ˈpɑzət gərlz ɛz biɪŋ mɔr ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ˌɪnˈtɛləʤənt ðən bɔɪz, bət ðə ˈsətəl weɪz ðət ˈtiʧərz ənd ˈpɛrənts ˌriɪnˈfɔrs ðət ˈʤɛndər ˈstɛrioʊˌtaɪp kən hɑrm bɔɪz, hu nid tɪ lərn ˈɛmpəθi ɛz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt laɪf skɪl fər kəˈnɛktɪŋ wɪθ ˈəðərz, ənd dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˈmɔrəl kərɪʤ. ˈmɛni əv ðiz ˌɪntərˈpərsənəl skɪlz dɪˈvɛləp ˈnæʧərəli wɪn ˈʧɪldrən hæv ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ pleɪ təˈgɛðər ɪn ənˈstrəkʃərd ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts, bət fri pleɪ ɪz ɔn ðə dɪˈklaɪn boʊθ ɪn skulz ənd æt hoʊm. ˈrisərʧərz ər naʊ ˈivɪn kˈwɛsʧənɪŋ ɪf læk əv fri pleɪ ɪn students’*’ lɪvz kʊd bi ˈpɑrtli riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ˈraɪzɪŋ reɪts əv dɪˈprɛʃən əˈməŋ juθ. wən weɪ tɪ hɛlp ˈstudənts dɪˈvɛləp ˈsoʊʃəl ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl skɪlz ɪz baɪ ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðɛm dɪˈvɛləp ðə pɑrt əv ðɛr breɪn ðət ˈgəvərnz ðə priˈfrəntəl ˈkɔrtɛks. ə fju skulz ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ səm əv ðə moʊst ˈtrɔməˌtaɪzd ənd ˌdɪsədˈvænɪʤd ˈstudənts ər ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðət ˈpræktɪsɪŋ ˈsɛntərɪŋ ækˈtɪvɪtiz laɪk ˈfoʊkɪst ˈbriðɪŋ ðət kip ðə maɪnd ɪn ðə hir ənd naʊ kən hɛlp ˈstudənts bɪld ðə ˈfoʊkɪs, dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ ənd əˈbɪləˌti tɪ θɪŋk əˈhɛd ðət ˈmɛni ˈstudənts læk. wən ˌɛləˈmɛnʧri skul ɪn ˈrɪʧmənd, ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, wɪθ ə ˈproʊˌgræm faʊnd bɪˈheɪvjər ˈprɑbləmz dɪˈmɪnɪʃt ənd ˌækəˈdɛmɪk əˈʧivmənt ˌɪnˈkrist wɪθ ʤɪst ə fju ˈmɪnəts əv ˈɛvəri wik. ˈstrætəʤiz ə lɔt əv ˈrisərʧ əˈbaʊt haʊ ˈpipəl lərn bɛst, bət nɑt ɔl əv ðət ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən həz meɪd ɪt ˈɪntu ˈmeɪnˌstrim ˈklæsˌrumz. waɪl ˈmɛni ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtərz spɛnd ðɛr fri taɪm ˈbrəʃɪŋ əp ɔn ðə nu (ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz nɑt soʊ nu) ˈrisərʧ, ˈəðərz ər ˈkɑntɛnt tɪ kənˈtɪnju duɪŋ wət həz bɪn dən ˌbiˈfɔr. ənd ˈstudənts ər ʤɪst ɛz səˈsɛptəbəl tɪ ðə ˌɪˈnərʃə ɛz ðə ˈædəlts əraʊnd ðɛm. 'wi noʊ haʊ kɪdz lərn. wi noʊ wət ˈklæsɪz ʃʊd lʊk laɪk. ənd jɛt ɑr ˈklæsɪz lʊk ˈɔlˌmoʊst ðə ˈɑpəzɪt.' ˈstudənts hu hæv groʊn əp ɪn ðə ˈkɑrənt skul ˈsɪstəm ər juzd tɪ biɪŋ toʊld ɪgˈzæktli wət ðeɪ nid tɪ du ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ səkˈsid. bət ðə ˈɛmfəsɪs ɔn greɪdz ənd ˈkɑlɪʤ kən ˈsəmˌtaɪmz hæv ðə ˌənɪnˈtɛndɪd ˈkɑnsəkwəns əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈlərnɪŋ ɔl əˈbaʊt əˈʧivɪŋ ən ɪkˈstərnəl goʊl ənd nɑt əˈbaʊt ðə ˈlərnɪŋ ˌɪtˈsɛlf. ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli, ˈtiʧərz ər ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðət daɪˈnæmɪk baɪ ˈmuvɪŋ tɪ ˈgreɪdɪŋ, əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈstudənts tɪ rɪˈsiv ˈkrɛdɪt fər ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪŋ ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ˈivɪn ɪf ðət ˈriləˈzeɪʃən kəmz ˈæftər ðə klæs həz muvd ˈɔntu ə nu ˈtɑpɪk. riˈmuvɪŋ ðə strɛs əv greɪdz kən hɛlp ˈfoʊkɪs ˈstudənts bæk ɔn ˈlərnɪŋ təˈgɛðər, əˈspɛʃəli ɪf ðə ˈtiʧər meɪks ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈɛmfəsɪs tɪ bɪld ə ˈkəlʧər əv trəst ɪn ðə ˈklæsˌrum. noʊ haʊ kɪdz lərn. wi noʊ wət ˈklæsɪz ʃʊd lʊk laɪk. ənd jɛt ɑr ˈklæsɪz lʊk ˈɔlˌmoʊst ðə opposite,”*,” sɛd ˈædəm ˈhɑlmən, ə ˈtɛksəs ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtər hu wərkt hɑrd tɪ ““deprogram”*” hɪz kɪdz frəm ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl weɪ əv ˈlərnɪŋ baɪ ˈtiʧɪŋ ðɛm əˈbaʊt haʊ ðɛr breɪnz wərk ənd waɪ ðə ˈdɑmənənt ˈtiʧɪŋ staɪl ɪz ˌɪnkəmˈpætəbəl. wɪn ˈhɑlmən ˈtritɪd hɪz ˈstudənts laɪk ˈædəlts hu kʊd ˌəndərˈstænd ðə ˈsɪstəm ɪn wɪʧ ðeɪ pleɪd, hi ərnd ðɛr trəst ənd ðɛr hɑrd wərk. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ðə ˈtiʧɪŋ ənd ˈstədiɪŋ ˈstrætəʤiz θɔt tɪ wərk bɛst ˈæktɪvli ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkt ˈlərnɪŋ. nu jɔrk taɪmz ˈraɪtər ˈbɛnəˌdɪkt ˈkɛri dɪˈvoʊtɪd ən ɪnˈtaɪər bʊk tɪ dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ˈstədi ˈstrætəʤiz beɪst ɪn ˈkɑgnɪtɪv saɪəns əˈbaʊt ˈmɛməri ənd ˈlərnɪŋ. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈstudənts tɛnd tɪ spɛnd aʊərz ˈkræmɪŋ fər ə tɛst ðə nɛkst deɪ, ˈoʊnli tɪ ˈprɑmptli fərˈgɛt ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðeɪ ˈlərnɪd. bi ˈbɛtər sərvd tɪ ʧəŋk ˈstədi taɪm ˈoʊvər ˈsɛvərəl deɪz, ˈteɪkɪŋ breɪks, sˈlipɪŋ mɔr ənd kˈwɪzɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ. ˈmɛni ˈstudənts noʊ ˈɛni ˈstrætəʤiz tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛr oʊn ˈstədi skɪlz ənd ɛnd əp ˈweɪstɪŋ ə lɔt əv taɪm ənd ˈɛfərt. bɛst tɛk tulz ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtərz ər ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn tɛk ˈprɑdəkts ˈpruvən tɪ bi ˈsɪmpəl ənd ˈifɛktɪv ɪn ðə ˈklæsˌrum. wɪn nu ˈkeɪnən haɪ skul (kəˈnɛtəkət) laɪˈbrɛˌriən mɪˈʃɛl ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd ˈsɛvərəl əv hər ˈkɑligz tɪ ˈkɑmbaɪn ðɛr ˈfeɪvərɪt æps ənd ʃɛr ə lɪst wɪθ ðə wərld, ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtərz ləvd ɪt. ənd ɪt kən bi ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈhɛlpfəl tɪ faɪnd ə greɪt tul fər ˈsəbʤɪkts ðət gɪt ə lɔt əv əˈtɛnʃən, laɪk ˈfɪzɪks. |
at 75, has the posture and muscle tone of a person half her age. she credits a lifetime of physical activity that began when she was a girl in south carolina. “i have been an athletically inclined person from birth,” she says. “i think i came out kicking.”
all the more reason, says longtime brownsville resident, to provide better infrastructure for the many area residents who ride bicycles for transportation and exercise, and for the many more who want to but are scared to try.
the physical distance between a famously contested prospect park west bike lane in brooklyn's upscale park slope neighborhood and the city's newest lane, on mother gaston boulevard, is only about three and a half miles. but the economic gap is huge. brownsville remains one of the poorest neighborhoods in new york city, with a stubbornly high crime rate .
a new stretch of bike lanes debuted in brooklyn this week, but this time they're not being met with outrage or protests.
after retiring as an educator, threw herself into a variety of fitness pursuits becoming a certified physical trainer, learning how to swim and teaching others to do the same as a volunteer at the local recreation center, and riding her trusty royce union bicycle.
but the attitude she got from drivers on the street bothered her. “people do not respect bikers,” she says. “they have a tendency to resent them.” friends and neighbors who might have been interested in riding with her were put off by the hostile environment. “a lot of people have fear of the traffic,” she says.
bettie worked for two years to bring bike lanes to brownsville. (sarah goodyear)
so she set out to do something about it. serves as the chair of the local community board, a position that has allowed her to advocate for improvements in the neighborhood she's called home for 40 years. one of the improvements she wanted to see was bike lanes. so, back in 2011, she started pushing.
“you see, some of us bloom when old,” she says with a mischievous smile, referring to her role as a community advocate. “you have to either have to have a lot of energy or be a little bit crazy, and some of both.”
the new bike lanes are just one of many efforts by neighborhood partners to increase opportunities for healthier living in brownsville, including walking groups for seniors and a program that brings fresh produce to the neighborhood.
the brownsville partnership worked together with the departments of health and transportation to get community support for the bike lanes, an effort that took two years. a host of other partners, including the advocacy group transportation alternatives and the local business improvement district, were also part of the effort.
“it took two years of love, perseverance, and collaboration,” said kirmani-frye, director of the brownsville partnership, as she stood outside the brownsville bike shop on mother gaston boulevard. “now brownsville is no longer disconnected.”
several speakers at the emphasized that the lanes would provide a link between the streets of brownsville and the rest of brooklyn.
in her speech to the modest crowd that assembled for the, issued a challenge.
“it is a pleasure to be a model for all of you who are younger than i am,” she said to cheers. “and if you have not yet chosen to be a model, do so today. watching you watching you. so do something that will make people a better people.” | æt 75 həz ðə ˈpɑsʧər ənd ˈməsəl toʊn əv ə ˈpərsən hæf hər eɪʤ. ʃi ˈkrɛdɪts ə ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm əv ˈfɪzɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti ðət bɪˈgæn wɪn ʃi wɑz ə gərl ɪn saʊθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə. hæv bɪn ən æθˈlɛtɪkli ˌɪnˈklaɪnd ˈpərsən frəm birth,”*,” ʃi sɪz. θɪŋk aɪ keɪm aʊt kicking.”*.” ɔl ðə mɔr ˈrizən, sɪz ˈlɔŋˌtaɪm ˈbraʊnzvɪl ˈrɛzɪdənt, tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈbɛtər ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər fər ðə ˈmɛni ˈɛriə ˈrɛzɪdənts hu raɪd ˈbaɪsɪkəlz fər ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən ənd ˈɛksərˌsaɪz, ənd fər ðə ˈmɛni mɔr hu wɔnt tɪ bət ər skɛrd tɪ traɪ. ðə ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈdɪstəns bɪtˈwin ə ˈfeɪməsli kənˈtɛstəd ˈprɑspɛkt pɑrk wɛst baɪk leɪn ɪn ˈbrʊklɪnz ˈəpˌskeɪl pɑrk sloʊp ˈneɪbərˌhʊd ənd ðə ˈsɪtiz nuəst leɪn, ɔn ˈməðər ˈgæstən ˈbʊləˌvɑrd, ɪz ˈoʊnli əˈbaʊt θri ənd ə hæf maɪəlz. bət ðə ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk gæp ɪz juʤ. ˈbraʊnzvɪl rɪˈmeɪnz wən əv ðə ˈpurɪst ˈneɪbərˌhʊdz ɪn nu jɔrk ˈsɪti, wɪθ ə ˈstəbərnli haɪ kraɪm reɪt ə nu strɛʧ əv baɪk leɪnz ˈdeɪbjutɪd ɪn ˈbrʊklɪn ðɪs wik, bət ðɪs taɪm ðɛr nɑt biɪŋ mɛt wɪθ ˈaʊˌtreɪʤ ər ˈproʊˌtɛsts. ˈæftər rɪˈtaɪrɪŋ ɛz ən ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtər, θru hərˈsɛlf ˈɪntu ə vərˈaɪəti əv ˈfɪtnəs pərˈsuts bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə ˈsərtəˌfaɪd ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈtreɪnər, ˈlərnɪŋ haʊ tɪ swɪm ənd ˈtiʧɪŋ ˈəðərz tɪ du ðə seɪm ɛz ə ˌvɑlənˈtɪr æt ðə ˈloʊkəl ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃən ˈsɛnər, ənd ˈraɪdɪŋ hər ˈtrəsti rɔɪs ˈjunjən ˈbaɪsɪkəl. bət ðə ˈætəˌtud ʃi gɑt frəm ˈdraɪvərz ɔn ðə strit ˈbɑðərd hər. du nɑt rɪˈspɛkt bikers,”*,” ʃi sɪz. hæv ə ˈtɛndənsi tɪ rɪˈzɛnt them.”*.” frɛndz ənd ˈneɪbərz hu maɪt hæv bɪn ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˈraɪdɪŋ wɪθ hər wər pʊt ɔf baɪ ðə ˈhɑstəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt. lɔt əv ˈpipəl hæv fɪr əv ðə traffic,”*,” ʃi sɪz. wərkt fər tu jɪrz tɪ brɪŋ baɪk leɪnz tɪ ˈbraʊnzvɪl. (ˈsɛrə ˈgʊdjɪr) soʊ ʃi sɛt aʊt tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt. sərvz ɛz ðə ʧɛr əv ðə ˈloʊkəl kəmˈjunɪti bɔrd, ə pəˈzɪʃən ðət həz əˈlaʊd hər tɪ ˈædvəˌkeɪt fər ˌɪmˈpruvmənts ɪn ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd ʃiz kɔld hoʊm fər 40 jɪrz. wən əv ðə ˌɪmˈpruvmənts ʃi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ si wɑz baɪk leɪnz. soʊ, bæk ɪn 2011 ʃi ˈstɑrtɪd ˈpʊʃɪŋ. si, səm əv ˈjuˈɛs blum wɪn old,”*,” ʃi sɪz wɪθ ə ˈmɪsʧəvəs smaɪl, rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ hər roʊl ɛz ə kəmˈjunɪti ˈædvəˌkeɪt. hæv tɪ ˈiðər hæv tɪ hæv ə lɔt əv ˈɛnərʤi ər bi ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈkreɪzi, ənd səm əv both.”*.” ðə nu baɪk leɪnz ər ʤɪst wən əv ˈmɛni ˈɛfərts baɪ ˈneɪbərˌhʊd ˈpɑrtnərz tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ˌɑpərˈtunətiz fər ˈhɛlθiər ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈbraʊnzvɪl, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈwɔkɪŋ grups fər ˈsinjərz ənd ə ˈproʊˌgræm ðət brɪŋz frɛʃ ˈproʊdus tɪ ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd. ðə ˈbraʊnzvɪl ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp wərkt təˈgɛðər wɪθ ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənts əv hɛlθ ənd ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən tɪ gɪt kəmˈjunɪti səˈpɔrt fər ðə baɪk leɪnz, ən ˈɛfərt ðət tʊk tu jɪrz. ə hoʊst əv ˈəðər ˈpɑrtnərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈædvəkəsi grup ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən ɔlˈtərnətɪvz ənd ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈbɪznɪs ˌɪmˈpruvmənt ˈdɪstrɪkt, wər ˈɔlsoʊ pɑrt əv ðə ˈɛfərt. tʊk tu jɪrz əv ləv, ˌpərsəˈvɪrəns, ənd collaboration,”*,” sɛd kirmani-frye*, dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈbraʊnzvɪl ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp, ɛz ʃi stʊd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈbraʊnzvɪl baɪk ʃɑp ɔn ˈməðər ˈgæstən ˈbʊləˌvɑrd. ˈbraʊnzvɪl ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər disconnected.”*.” ˈsɛvərəl ˈspikərz æt ðə ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzd ðət ðə leɪnz wʊd prəˈvaɪd ə lɪŋk bɪtˈwin ðə strits əv ˈbraʊnzvɪl ənd ðə rɛst əv ˈbrʊklɪn. ɪn hər spiʧ tɪ ðə ˈmɑdəst kraʊd ðət əˈsɛmbəld fər ðə, ˈɪʃud ə ˈʧælənʤ. ɪz ə ˈplɛʒər tɪ bi ə ˈmɑdəl fər ɔl əv ju hu ər ˈjəŋgər ðən aɪ am,”*,” ʃi sɛd tɪ ʧɪrz. ɪf ju hæv nɑt jɛt ˈʧoʊzən tɪ bi ə ˈmɑdəl, du soʊ təˈdeɪ. ˈwɑʧɪŋ ju ˈwɑʧɪŋ ju. soʊ du ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət wɪl meɪk ˈpipəl ə ˈbɛtər people.”*.” |
supporters of the public option want it to remove the profit motive as an obstacle to medical care, and also to menace the private insurance companies that they generally view as greedy and mean. at times, some lawmakers seemed to favor the public plan simply because private insurers hate the idea.
in congress, opponents view the public plan as a dangerous expansion of government, creating a new entitlement program that would ultimately drive the country further into debt. even though the congressional budget office said the plan would have little impact on insurance premiums, the opponents fought it as a grave threat.
the preliminary agreement hailed by mr. reid was hatched in a series of meetings among 10 senators, 5 of them liberals and 5 centrists. it seeks to address all of these concerns and, more than anything, to vault senate democrats over the biggest obstacle to locking down 60 votes for their larger health care bill.
to satisfy the centrists, including senator joseph i. lieberman, independent of connecticut, who flatly threatened to vote against the health care bill if it included a public plan, mr. agreement would remove the public option as an immediate offering for people who gain insurance coverage.
to satisfy the liberal democrats, including sherrod brown of ohio and john d. rockefeller of west virginia, the agreement calls for the creation of a new menu of national insurance plans, modeled after those offered to more than eight million federal workers, including members of congress, and their dependents.
the new insurance plans would be overseen by a federal agency, the office of personnel management, which now runs the federal employees health benefits program and directly negotiates prices and benefits packages with private insurance companies. the private firms eagerly participate because of the large customer base.
the deal also keeps the public option as a fallback, to be “triggered” if private insurers do not step up to offer the new national plans. such a fallback was included in the republicans’ medicare drug bill; it was never needed.
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it is unclear whether mr. lieberman would ultimately accept a bill with the public plan on a trigger; he reiterated on wednesday that he opposes the idea. but it could appeal to olympia j. snowe of maine, the only republican senator to support any version of the health care legislation (she backed it on the finance committee). her support is still being courted aggressively by the white house.
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designing the new national plans to resemble the insurance coverage offered to members of congress also holds enormous political appeal. it would provide additional choices to consumers, and it gives the entire program an aura of a government plan even though the policies would be issued by private firms like blue cross or aetna.
in recent days, many senate liberals angrily warned that they were done making concessions, saying they had already moved from a public plan tied to medicare rates, or 5 to 10 percent above medicare, to a much weaker plan that would negotiate rates with providers.
mr. version of the bill would also let states opt out of the program.
“we have compromised four times on the public option,” mr. brown had said. “there is no more movement on the public option.”
“many people wanted to do medicare for all, but that was never in the cards here,” he added. “we have moved three or four or five times on this, and those days are over.”
in the end, the liberals had no choice, and they moved again. but not without winning concessions in return, including an expansion of the ultimate public plan, medicare. the agreement announced by mr. reid calls for allowing people from age 55 to 64 to buy coverage through medicare beginning in 2011.
while it is not medicare for all, it is medicare for more than under current law, and the liberals view it as a major improvement for people nearing retirement, who face some of the biggest obstacles to obtaining insurance and pay some of the highest prices if they get coverage.
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at first, those who want to buy in to medicare coverage will have to pay full cost. but once provisions of the bill take effect that will provide subsidies to americans, those subsidies could be used to buy either private insurance or coverage through medicare.
that liberal senators in the negotiations were bargaining from a position of strength was largely due to the strategic efforts of senator charles e. schumer, democrat of new york, who ranks third in the democratic leadership, and who pressed mr. reid to include a public option in the bill.
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mr. reid, mr. schumer and many others realized that further negotiation on a public option was inevitable if they were to have any hope of enacting the health care bill as a whole. the question that arose, as mr. reid combined rival versions of the legislation that were developed by two senate committees, was whether a public option would be in or out of the bill at the start.
by including the public option in his blended bill, mr. reid, who faces a tough campaign in nevada next year, briefly transformed himself into a huge champion of the leftward base. he held a big news conference to announce that he would defy centrist opponents and include the public option in the bill.
but the force behind the scenes was mr. schumer, who pressed for the public option on the more finance committee, and began working closely with liberals. as a result, northern liberals in the senate may have more clout at the moment that at any point since the days of hubert humphrey.
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mr. reid also continued his own strategic maneuvering. when a compromise on the public plan did not bubble up from conversations between a handful of lawmakers, mr. reid designated the team of 10 that ultimately negotiated the agreement.
he tapped senator mark pryor, democrat of arkansas, as the leader of the centrists a move to help bolster the resolve of mr. fellow arkansan, blanche lincoln, who is up for next year and had expressed deep reservations about voting for a bill that included the public plan.
and to show liberals that he was not trying to sell them out, mr. reid also invited senator russ feingold, democrat of wisconsin, to join the group, knowing that mr. pasts willingness to be a lone voice for the left would make clear that supporters of the public plan were not being set up.
still, the liberals did not get everything they wanted. there were discussions of broadening the medicaid expansion in the bill by raising the income eligibility threshold to 150 percent of the federal poverty level from 133 percent. that proposal was deemed too expensive, and risked angering governors and was dropped.
and another demand, to finance the health insurance program through 2015, which would otherwise expire in 2013, now depends on further cost analysis by the congressional budget office.
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the preliminary deal may not hold. if any part of the cost analysis shows that the price tag of the bill is climbing too far, the agreement may have to be reworked.
already some senators on the team of 10 have refused to commit themselves to supporting the overall bill until they see how things shake out.
senator ben nelson, democrat of nebraska and a centrist who has expressed deep skepticism about the legislation, was part of the group. he went along with the agreement reluctantly, some democrats said, and only because the need for cost analysis meant nothing was really decided just yet.
and even if senate democrats reach consensus, the wrangling over the public plan is not finished. the health care bill approved by the house includes a plan, and convincing the more liberal house democratic caucus to drop it will not be easy.
compromise in some ways, however, seems inevitable.
the fight over the public plan has never been about its short-term impact. opponents fear it will lead down a slippery slope to a fully, health system like those in many european countries.
many of the most ardent supporters hope that it will lead down a slippery slope to a fully, health system like those in many european countries. but that was not about to happen anytime soon.
for now, the senate democratic leadership and the white house are hailing the tentative deal as a breakthrough even though most democrats in the senate have not even been briefed on the details.
mr. schumer, however, expressed confidence. “the feeling is if the 10 people in the room come to an agreement,” he said before the deal was announced, “it guarantee everybody, but a pretty broad reach into the caucus.” | səˈpɔrtərz əv ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən wɔnt ɪt tɪ riˈmuv ðə ˈprɑfɪt ˈmoʊtɪv ɛz ən ˈɑbstəkəl tɪ ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ tɪ ˈmɛnɪs ðə ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəmpəˌniz ðət ðeɪ ˈʤɛnərəli vju ɛz ˈgridi ənd min. æt taɪmz, səm ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz simd tɪ ˈfeɪvər ðə ˈpəblɪk plæn ˈsɪmpli bɪˈkəz ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈʃʊrərz heɪt ðə aɪˈdiə. ɪn ˈkɑŋgrəs, əˈpoʊnənts vju ðə ˈpəblɪk plæn ɛz ə ˈdeɪnʤərəs ɪkˈspænʧən əv ˈgəvərnmənt, kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə nu ɛnˈtaɪtəlmənt ˈproʊˌgræm ðət wʊd ˈəltəmətli draɪv ðə ˈkəntri ˈfərðər ˈɪntu dɛt. ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈbəʤɪt ˈɔfəs sɛd ðə plæn wʊd hæv ˈlɪtəl ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈprimiəmz, ðə əˈpoʊnənts fɔt ɪt ɛz ə greɪv θrɛt. ðə prɪˈlɪməˌnɛri əˈgrimənt heɪld baɪ ˈmɪstər. rid wɑz hæʧt ɪn ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈmitɪŋz əˈməŋ 10 ˈsɛnətərz, 5 əv ðɛm ˈlɪˌbərəlz ənd 5 ˈsɛntrɪsts. ɪt siks tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ɔl əv ðiz kənˈsərnz ənd, mɔr ðən ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, tɪ vɔlt ˈsɛnɪt ˈdɛməˌkræts ˈoʊvər ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈɑbstəkəl tɪ ˈlɑkɪŋ daʊn 60 voʊts fər ðɛr ˈlɑrʤər hɛlθ kɛr bɪl. tɪ ˈsætɪsˌfaɪ ðə ˈsɛntrɪsts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈsɛnətər ˈʤoʊzəf aɪ. ˈlibərmən, ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əv kəˈnɛtəkət, hu ˈflætli θˈrɛtənd tɪ voʊt əˈgɛnst ðə hɛlθ kɛr bɪl ɪf ɪt ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˈpəblɪk plæn, ˈmɪstər. əˈgrimənt wʊd riˈmuv ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən ɛz ən ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈɔfərɪŋ fər ˈpipəl hu geɪn ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəvərɪʤ. tɪ ˈsætɪsˌfaɪ ðə ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈdɛməˌkræts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈʃɛrəd braʊn əv oʊˈhaɪoʊ ənd ʤɑn di. ˈrɑkəˌfɛlər əv wɛst vərˈʤɪnjə, ðə əˈgrimənt kɔlz fər ðə kriˈeɪʃən əv ə nu ˈmɛnju əv ˈnæʃənəl ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns plænz, ˈmɑdəld ˈæftər ðoʊz ˈɔfərd tɪ mɔr ðən eɪt ˈmɪljən ˈfɛdərəl ˈwərkərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈkɑŋgrəs, ənd ðɛr dɪˈpɛndənts. ðə nu ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns plænz wʊd bi ˈoʊvərˌsin baɪ ə ˈfɛdərəl ˈeɪʤənsi, ðə ˈɔfəs əv ˌpərsəˈnɛl ˈmænɪʤmənt, wɪʧ naʊ rənz ðə ˈfɛdərəl ɪmˈplɔɪiz hɛlθ ˈbɛnəfɪts ˈproʊˌgræm ənd dɪˈrɛkli nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪts ˈpraɪsɪz ənd ˈbɛnəfɪts ˈpækɪʤɪz wɪθ ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəmpəˌniz. ðə ˈpraɪvət fərmz ˈigərli pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt bɪˈkəz əv ðə lɑrʤ ˈkəstəmər beɪs. ðə dil ˈɔlsoʊ kips ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən ɛz ə ˈfɔlˌbæk, tɪ bi ““triggered”*” ɪf ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈʃʊrərz du nɑt stɛp əp tɪ ˈɔfər ðə nu ˈnæʃənəl plænz. səʧ ə ˈfɔlˌbæk wɑz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə republicans’*’ ˈmɛdəˌkɛr drəg bɪl; ɪt wɑz ˈnɛvər ˈnidɪd. ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ɪt ɪz ənˈklɪr ˈwɛðər ˈmɪstər. ˈlibərmən wʊd ˈəltəmətli əkˈsɛpt ə bɪl wɪθ ðə ˈpəblɪk plæn ɔn ə ˈtrɪgər; hi riˈɪtərˌeɪtɪd ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ðət hi əˈpoʊzɪz ðə aɪˈdiə. bət ɪt kʊd əˈpil tɪ oʊˈlɪmpiə ʤeɪ. snoʊ əv meɪn, ðə ˈoʊnli rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈsɛnətər tɪ səˈpɔrt ˈɛni ˈvərʒən əv ðə hɛlθ kɛr ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən (ʃi bækt ɪt ɔn ðə ˈfaɪˌnæns kəˈmɪti). hər səˈpɔrt ɪz stɪl biɪŋ ˈkɔrtɪd əˈgrɛsɪvli baɪ ðə waɪt haʊs. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri dɪˈzaɪnɪŋ ðə nu ˈnæʃənəl plænz tɪ rɪˈzɛmbəl ðə ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəvərɪʤ ˈɔfərd tɪ ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈkɑŋgrəs ˈɔlsoʊ hoʊldz ɪˈnɔrmɪs pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈpil. ɪt wʊd prəˈvaɪd əˈdɪʃənəl ˈʧɔɪsɪz tɪ kənˈsumərz, ənd ɪt gɪvz ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈproʊˌgræm ən ˈɔrə əv ə ˈgəvərnmənt plæn ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðə ˈpɑləsiz wʊd bi ˈɪʃud baɪ ˈpraɪvət fərmz laɪk blu krɔs ər ˈɛtnə. ɪn ˈrisənt deɪz, ˈmɛni ˈsɛnɪt ˈlɪˌbərəlz ˈæŋgrəli wɔrnd ðət ðeɪ wər dən ˈmeɪkɪŋ kənˈsɛʃənz, seɪɪŋ ðeɪ hæd ɔˈrɛdi muvd frəm ə ˈpəblɪk plæn taɪd tɪ ˈmɛdəˌkɛr reɪts, ər 5 tɪ 10 pərˈsɛnt əˈbəv ˈmɛdəˌkɛr, tɪ ə məʧ ˈwikər plæn ðət wʊd nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪt reɪts wɪθ prəˈvaɪdərz. ˈmɪstər. ˈvərʒən əv ðə bɪl wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ lɛt steɪts ɑpt aʊt əv ðə ˈproʊˌgræm. hæv ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd fɔr taɪmz ɔn ðə ˈpəblɪk option,”*,” ˈmɪstər. braʊn hæd sɛd. ɪz noʊ mɔr ˈmuvmənt ɔn ðə ˈpəblɪk option.”*.” ˈpipəl ˈwɔntɪd tɪ du ˈmɛdəˌkɛr fər ɔl, bət ðət wɑz ˈnɛvər ɪn ðə kɑrdz here,”*,” hi ˈædɪd. hæv muvd θri ər fɔr ər faɪv taɪmz ɔn ðɪs, ənd ðoʊz deɪz ər over.”*.” ɪn ðə ɛnd, ðə ˈlɪˌbərəlz hæd noʊ ʧɔɪs, ənd ðeɪ muvd əˈgɛn. bət nɑt wɪˈθaʊt ˈwɪnɪŋ kənˈsɛʃənz ɪn rɪˈtərn, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ən ɪkˈspænʧən əv ðə ˈəltəmət ˈpəblɪk plæn, ˈmɛdəˌkɛr. ðə əˈgrimənt əˈnaʊnst baɪ ˈmɪstər. rid kɔlz fər əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈpipəl frəm eɪʤ 55 tɪ 64 tɪ baɪ ˈkəvərɪʤ θru ˈmɛdəˌkɛr bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɪn 2011 waɪl ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈmɛdəˌkɛr fər ɔl, ɪt ɪz ˈmɛdəˌkɛr fər mɔr ðən ˈəndər ˈkɑrənt lɔ, ənd ðə ˈlɪˌbərəlz vju ɪt ɛz ə ˈmeɪʤər ˌɪmˈpruvmənt fər ˈpipəl ˈnɪrɪŋ rɪˈtaɪərmənt, hu feɪs səm əv ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈɑbstəkəlz tɪ əbˈteɪnɪŋ ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ənd peɪ səm əv ðə haɪəst ˈpraɪsɪz ɪf ðeɪ gɪt ˈkəvərɪʤ. ˈnuzˌlɛtər saɪn əp kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri pliz ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ jʊr nɑt ə ˈroʊˌbət baɪ ˈklɪkɪŋ ðə bɑks. ˌɪnˈvæləd iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs. pliz re-enter*. ju məst səˈlɛkt ə ˈnuzˌlɛtər tɪ səbˈskraɪb tɪ. saɪn əp ju wɪl rɪˈsiv iˈmeɪlz kənˈteɪnɪŋ nuz ˈkɑntɛnt ˈəpˌdeɪts ənd pərˈmoʊʃənz frəm ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz. ju meɪ æt ˈɛni taɪm. ju əˈgri tɪ rɪˈsiv ɔˈkeɪʒənəl ˈəpˌdeɪts ənd ˈspɛʃəl ˈɔfərz fər ðə nu jɔrk ˈtaɪmzɪz ˈprɑdəkts ənd ˈsərvɪsɪz. θæŋk ju fər səbˈskraɪbɪŋ. ən ˈɛrər həz əˈkərd. pliz traɪ əˈgɛn ˈleɪtər. vju ɔl nu jɔrk taɪmz ˈnuzˌlɛtərz. æt fərst, ðoʊz hu wɔnt tɪ baɪ ɪn tɪ ˈmɛdəˌkɛr ˈkəvərɪʤ wɪl hæv tɪ peɪ fʊl kɔst. bət wəns prəˈvɪʒənz əv ðə bɪl teɪk ˈifɛkt ðət wɪl prəˈvaɪd ˈsəbsɪdiz tɪ əˈmɛrɪkənz, ðoʊz ˈsəbsɪdiz kʊd bi juzd tɪ baɪ ˈiðər ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ər ˈkəvərɪʤ θru ˈmɛdəˌkɛr. ðət ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈsɛnətərz ɪn ðə nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz wər ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ frəm ə pəˈzɪʃən əv strɛŋθ wɑz ˈlɑrʤli du tɪ ðə strəˈtiʤɪk ˈɛfərts əv ˈsɛnətər ˈʧɑrəlz i. ˈʃumər, ˈdɛməˌkræt əv nu jɔrk, hu ræŋks θərd ɪn ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈlidərˌʃɪp, ənd hu prɛst ˈmɪstər. rid tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən ɪn ðə bɪl. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri ˈmɪstər. rid, ˈmɪstər. ˈʃumər ənd ˈmɛni ˈəðərz ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət ˈfərðər nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃən ɔn ə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən wɑz ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl ɪf ðeɪ wər tɪ hæv ˈɛni hoʊp əv ɛˈnæktɪŋ ðə hɛlθ kɛr bɪl ɛz ə hoʊl. ðə kˈwɛʃən ðət əroʊz, ɛz ˈmɪstər. rid kəmˈbaɪnd ˈraɪvəl ˈvərʒənz əv ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ðət wər dɪˈvɛləpt baɪ tu ˈsɛnɪt kəˈmɪtiz, wɑz ˈwɛðər ə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən wʊd bi ɪn ər aʊt əv ðə bɪl æt ðə stɑrt. baɪ ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən ɪn hɪz ˈblɛndɪd bɪl, ˈmɪstər. rid, hu ˈfeɪsɪz ə təf kæmˈpeɪn ɪn nəˈvɑdə nɛkst jɪr, ˈbrifli trænsˈfɔrmd hɪmˈsɛlf ˈɪntu ə juʤ ˈʧæmpiən əv ðə ˈlɛftwərd beɪs. hi hɛld ə bɪg nuz ˈkɑnfərəns tɪ əˈnaʊns ðət hi wʊd dɪˈfaɪ ˈsɛntrɪst əˈpoʊnənts ənd ˌɪnˈklud ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən ɪn ðə bɪl. bət ðə fɔrs bɪˈhaɪnd ðə sinz wɑz ˈmɪstər. ˈʃumər, hu prɛst fər ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈɔpʃən ɔn ðə mɔr ˈfaɪˌnæns kəˈmɪti, ənd bɪˈgæn ˈwərkɪŋ ˈkloʊsli wɪθ ˈlɪˌbərəlz. ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt, ˈnɔrðərn ˈlɪˌbərəlz ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt meɪ hæv mɔr klaʊt æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt ðət æt ˈɛni pɔɪnt sɪns ðə deɪz əv ˈhjubərt ˈhəmfri. ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈmɪstər. rid ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈtɪnjud hɪz oʊn strəˈtiʤɪk məˈnuvərɪŋ. wɪn ə ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz ɔn ðə ˈpəblɪk plæn dɪd nɑt ˈbəbəl əp frəm ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz bɪtˈwin ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz, ˈmɪstər. rid ˈdɛzɪgˌneɪtɪd ðə tim əv 10 ðət ˈəltəmətli nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪtɪd ðə əˈgrimənt. hi tæpt ˈsɛnətər mɑrk praɪər, ˈdɛməˌkræt əv ˈɑrkənˌsɑ, ɛz ðə ˈlidər əv ðə ˈsɛntrɪsts ə muv tɪ hɛlp ˈboʊlstər ðə riˈzɑlv əv ˈmɪstər. ˈfɛloʊ ˌɑrˈkænzən, blænʧ ˈlɪŋkən, hu ɪz əp fər nɛkst jɪr ənd hæd ɪkˈsprɛst dip ˌrɛzərˈveɪʃənz əˈbaʊt ˈvoʊtɪŋ fər ə bɪl ðət ˌɪnˈkludɪd ðə ˈpəblɪk plæn. ənd tɪ ʃoʊ ˈlɪˌbərəlz ðət hi wɑz nɑt traɪɪŋ tɪ sɛl ðɛm aʊt, ˈmɪstər. rid ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd ˈsɛnətər rəs ˈfaɪŋgoʊld, ˈdɛməˌkræt əv wɪˈskɑnsən, tɪ ʤɔɪn ðə grup, noʊɪŋ ðət ˈmɪstər. pæsts ˈwɪlɪŋnəs tɪ bi ə loʊn vɔɪs fər ðə lɛft wʊd meɪk klɪr ðət səˈpɔrtərz əv ðə ˈpəblɪk plæn wər nɑt biɪŋ sɛt əp. stɪl, ðə ˈlɪˌbərəlz dɪd nɑt gɪt ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðeɪ ˈwɔntɪd. ðɛr wər dɪˈskəʃənz əv ˈbrɔdənɪŋ ðə ˈmɛdəˌkeɪd ɪkˈspænʧən ɪn ðə bɪl baɪ ˈreɪzɪŋ ðə ˈɪnˌkəm ˌɛlɪʤəˈbɪlɪti θˈrɛˌʃoʊld tɪ 150 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈpɑvərti ˈlɛvəl frəm 133 pərˈsɛnt. ðət prəˈpoʊzəl wɑz dimd tu ɪkˈspɛnsɪv, ənd rɪskt ˈæŋgərɪŋ ˈgəvərnərz ənd wɑz drɑpt. ənd əˈnəðər dɪˈmænd, tɪ ˈfaɪˌnæns ðə hɛlθ ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈproʊˌgræm θru 2015 wɪʧ wʊd ˈəðərˌwaɪz ɪkˈspaɪr ɪn 2013 naʊ dɪˈpɛndz ɔn ˈfərðər kɔst æˈnælɪsɪs baɪ ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈbəʤɪt ˈɔfəs. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri ðə prɪˈlɪməˌnɛri dil meɪ nɑt hoʊld. ɪf ˈɛni pɑrt əv ðə kɔst æˈnælɪsɪs ʃoʊz ðət ðə praɪs tæg əv ðə bɪl ɪz ˈklaɪmɪŋ tu fɑr, ðə əˈgrimənt meɪ hæv tɪ bi riˈwərkt. ɔˈrɛdi səm ˈsɛnətərz ɔn ðə tim əv 10 hæv rɪfˈjuzd tɪ kəˈmɪt ðɛmˈsɛlvz tɪ səˈpɔrtɪŋ ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl bɪl ənˈtɪl ðeɪ si haʊ θɪŋz ʃeɪk aʊt. ˈsɛnətər bɛn ˈnɛlsən, ˈdɛməˌkræt əv nəˈbræskə ənd ə ˈsɛntrɪst hu həz ɪkˈsprɛst dip ˈskɛptɪˌsɪzəm əˈbaʊt ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən, wɑz pɑrt əv ðə grup. hi wɛnt əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə əˈgrimənt rɪˈləktəntli, səm ˈdɛməˌkræts sɛd, ənd ˈoʊnli bɪˈkəz ðə nid fər kɔst æˈnælɪsɪs mɛnt ˈnəθɪŋ wɑz ˈrɪli ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ʤɪst jɛt. ənd ˈivɪn ɪf ˈsɛnɪt ˈdɛməˌkræts riʧ kənˈsɛnsəs, ðə ˈræŋgəlɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə ˈpəblɪk plæn ɪz nɑt ˈfɪnɪʃt. ðə hɛlθ kɛr bɪl əˈpruvd baɪ ðə haʊs ˌɪnˈkludz ə plæn, ənd kənˈvɪnsɪŋ ðə mɔr ˈlɪˌbərəl haʊs ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈkɔkəs tɪ drɔp ɪt wɪl nɑt bi ˈizi. ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz ɪn səm weɪz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, simz ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl. ðə faɪt ˈoʊvər ðə ˈpəblɪk plæn həz ˈnɛvər bɪn əˈbaʊt ɪts ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ˌɪmˈpækt. əˈpoʊnənts fɪr ɪt wɪl lɛd daʊn ə sˈlɪpəri sloʊp tɪ ə ˈfʊli, hɛlθ ˈsɪstəm laɪk ðoʊz ɪn ˈmɛni ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈkəntriz. ˈmɛni əv ðə moʊst ˈɑrdənt səˈpɔrtərz hoʊp ðət ɪt wɪl lɛd daʊn ə sˈlɪpəri sloʊp tɪ ə ˈfʊli, hɛlθ ˈsɪstəm laɪk ðoʊz ɪn ˈmɛni ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈkəntriz. bət ðət wɑz nɑt əˈbaʊt tɪ ˈhæpən ˈɛniˌtaɪm sun. fər naʊ, ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈlidərˌʃɪp ənd ðə waɪt haʊs ər ˈheɪlɪŋ ðə ˈtɛntətɪv dil ɛz ə ˈbreɪkθˌru ˈivɪn ðoʊ moʊst ˈdɛməˌkræts ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt hæv nɑt ˈivɪn bɪn brift ɔn ðə ˈditeɪlz. ˈmɪstər. ˈʃumər, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪkˈsprɛst ˈkɑnfədɛns. ˈfilɪŋ ɪz ɪf ðə 10 ˈpipəl ɪn ðə rum kəm tɪ ən agreement,”*,” hi sɛd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə dil wɑz əˈnaʊnst, ˌgɛrənˈti ˈɛvriˌbɑdi, bət ə ˈprɪti brɔd riʧ ˈɪntu ðə caucus.”*.” |
players who surprised us in october
this time categories were inspired by music and are devoted to the events. first two players took part in the “still waters” event:
all the heroes in this compilation will receive the title “five minutes of fame”.
don’t be afraid to experiment and maybe you will be among our heroes in the future!
“comin' in on a wing and a prayer”
it’s hard to say whether has something personal against or he just enjoys the mission. anyway he managed to complete the goal 60 times! congratulations!
“stronger than all”
husarz44 proved his skill in the simulator mode of this event. almost every mission he took part in was victorius. a true ace!
next two categories are connected with halloween events:
“night witches”
we say that we are surprised with the winner in this category. meet the mighty races master - fins_finst! he is virtually the best racer in war thunder!
“highway to hell”
hellcat on a spooky ride - proved to be the best in these tank competition leaving everyone else behind.
“through the fire and flames”
some people complain that incredibly difficult to reach a destroyer whilst flying an aircraft. thinks otherwise - he is the most efficient bomber pilot in war thunder when it comes to fighting destroyers.
the war thunder team | pleɪərz hu səˈpraɪzd ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər ðɪs taɪm ˈkætəˌgɔriz wər ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ mˈjuzɪk ənd ər dɪˈvoʊtɪd tɪ ðə ɪˈvɛnts. fərst tu pleɪərz tʊk pɑrt ɪn ðə waters”*” ɪˈvɛnt: ɔl ðə ˈhɪroʊz ɪn ðɪs ˌkɑmpəˈleɪʃən wɪl rɪˈsiv ðə ˈtaɪtəl ˈmɪnəts əv fame”*”. bi əˈfreɪd tɪ ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd ˈmeɪbi ju wɪl bi əˈməŋ ɑr ˈhɪroʊz ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər! ““comin*' ɪn ɔn ə wɪŋ ənd ə prayer”*” hɑrd tɪ seɪ ˈwɛðər həz ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈpərsɪnəl əˈgɛnst ər hi ʤɪst ˌɛnˈʤɔɪz ðə ˈmɪʃən. ˈɛniˌweɪ hi ˈmænɪʤd tɪ kəmˈplit ðə goʊl 60 taɪmz! kənˌgræʧəˈleɪʃənz! ðən all”*” pruvd hɪz skɪl ɪn ðə ˈsɪmjəˌleɪtər moʊd əv ðɪs ɪˈvɛnt. ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri ˈmɪʃən hi tʊk pɑrt ɪn wɑz victorius*. ə tru eɪs! nɛkst tu ˈkætəˌgɔriz ər kəˈnɛktɪd wɪθ ˌhæləˈwin ɪˈvɛnts: witches”*” wi seɪ ðət wi ər səˈpraɪzd wɪθ ðə ˈwɪnər ɪn ðɪs ˈkætəˌgɔri. mit ðə ˈmaɪti ˈreɪsɪz ˈmæstər fins_finst*! hi ɪz ˈvərʧuəli ðə bɛst ˈreɪsər ɪn wɔr ˈθəndər! tɪ hell”*” ɔn ə ˈspuki raɪd pruvd tɪ bi ðə bɛst ɪn ðiz tæŋk ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ˈlivɪŋ ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls bɪˈhaɪnd. ðə faɪər ənd flames”*” səm ˈpipəl kəmˈpleɪn ðət ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ riʧ ə dɪˈstrɔɪər waɪlst flaɪɪŋ ən ˈɛrˌkræft. θɪŋks ˈəðərˌwaɪz hi ɪz ðə moʊst ɪˈfɪʃənt ˈbɑmər ˈpaɪlət ɪn wɔr ˈθəndər wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈfaɪtɪŋ dɪˈstrɔɪərz. ðə wɔr ˈθəndər tim |
with the recent completion of the basketball tournament, i started thinking about all of the other sports that universities offer and how the championships of those games, outside of football, are not easy to find on tv.
the harsh reality of college sports is that football and basketball are the only two sports that generally cover their own program costs when factoring in scholarships. for some schools, even the basketball program works out to about a status, while at large universities, football can be such a sport that it about makes up the entire budget of athletic departments.
a few years ago, decided to make the “c” on their basketball jerseys gold to signify 100 championships across the various sports they offer. at the time, they were the first school to cross that threshold. i decided to see if that was still the case.
ucla does still hold the title for most championships with 113, but not by much. stanford is only 4 behind (not counting 2017 championships) with 109 while has 102.
looking at the chart above, one conference the does seem to dominate in athletics. the conference has the top three schools in championships and 5 of the top 16. absolutely dominated in basketball for years while did the same in football. however, winning the championship counts just as much as winning water polo on this list. all three of the top schools have done very well in sports that you can rarely find on tv.
moving down the list, there really are not a whole lot of surprises, almost every school listed has a major athletics department that focuses on churning out athletes.
the surprise of the bunch comes in at #12 university of denver which competes in several different conferences depending on the sport. even so, the school holds 31 championships, 7 in hockey, one in lacrosse, and perhaps unsurprisingly, 23 in skiing. those skiing championships help put it over perennial powerhouse football schools like florida, oregon and ohio state.
more: unwinding madness: what went wrong with college how to fix it…. | wɪθ ðə ˈrisənt kəmˈpliʃən əv ðə ˈbæskətˌbɔl ˈtʊrnəmənt, aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɔl əv ðə ˈəðər spɔrts ðət ˌjunəˈvərsətiz ˈɔfər ənd haʊ ðə ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps əv ðoʊz geɪmz, ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ˈfʊtˌbɔl, ər nɑt ˈizi tɪ faɪnd ɔn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən. ðə hɑrʃ ˌriˈæləˌti əv ˈkɑlɪʤ spɔrts ɪz ðət ˈfʊtˌbɔl ənd ˈbæskətˌbɔl ər ðə ˈoʊnli tu spɔrts ðət ˈʤɛnərəli ˈkəvər ðɛr oʊn ˈproʊˌgræm kɔsts wɪn ˈfæktərɪŋ ɪn ˈskɑlərˌʃɪps. fər səm skulz, ˈivɪn ðə ˈbæskətˌbɔl ˈproʊˌgræm wərks aʊt tɪ əˈbaʊt ə ˈstætəs, waɪl æt lɑrʤ ˌjunəˈvərsətiz, ˈfʊtˌbɔl kən bi səʧ ə spɔrt ðət ɪt əˈbaʊt meɪks əp ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈbəʤɪt əv æθˈlɛtɪk dɪˈpɑrtmənts. ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ meɪk ðə ““c”*” ɔn ðɛr ˈbæskətˌbɔl ˈʤərziz goʊld tɪ ˈsɪgnəˌfaɪ 100 ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps əˈkrɔs ðə ˈvɛriəs spɔrts ðeɪ ˈɔfər. æt ðə taɪm, ðeɪ wər ðə fərst skul tɪ krɔs ðət θˈrɛˌʃoʊld. aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ si ɪf ðət wɑz stɪl ðə keɪs. dɪz stɪl hoʊld ðə ˈtaɪtəl fər moʊst ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps wɪθ 113 bət nɑt baɪ məʧ. ˈstænfərd ɪz ˈoʊnli 4 bɪˈhaɪnd (nɑt ˈkaʊntɪŋ 2017 ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps) wɪθ 109 waɪl həz 102 ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə ʧɑrt əˈbəv, wən ˈkɑnfərəns ðə dɪz sim tɪ ˈdɑməˌneɪt ɪn æθˈlɛtɪks. ðə ˈkɑnfərəns həz ðə tɔp θri skulz ɪn ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps ənd 5 əv ðə tɔp 16 ˌæbsəˈlutli ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd ɪn ˈbæskətˌbɔl fər jɪrz waɪl dɪd ðə seɪm ɪn ˈfʊtˌbɔl. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈwɪnɪŋ ðə ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp kaʊnts ʤɪst ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈwɔtər ˈpoʊloʊ ɔn ðɪs lɪst. ɔl θri əv ðə tɔp skulz hæv dən ˈvɛri wɛl ɪn spɔrts ðət ju kən ˈrɛrli faɪnd ɔn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən. ˈmuvɪŋ daʊn ðə lɪst, ðɛr ˈrɪli ər nɑt ə hoʊl lɔt əv səˈpraɪzɪz, ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri skul ˈlɪstɪd həz ə ˈmeɪʤər æθˈlɛtɪks dɪˈpɑrtmənt ðət ˈfoʊkɪsɪz ɔn ˈʧərnɪŋ aʊt ˈæθˌlits. ðə səˈpraɪz əv ðə bənʧ kəmz ɪn æt 12 ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈdɛnvər wɪʧ kəmˈpits ɪn ˈsɛvərəl ˈdɪfərənt ˈkɑnfərənsəz dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn ðə spɔrt. ˈivɪn soʊ, ðə skul hoʊldz 31 ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps, 7 ɪn ˈhɑki, wən ɪn ləˈkrɔs, ənd pərˈhæps ˌənsərˈpraɪzɪŋli, 23 ɪn skiɪŋ. ðoʊz skiɪŋ ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps hɛlp pʊt ɪt ˈoʊvər pərˈɛniəl ˈpaʊərˌhaʊs ˈfʊtˌbɔl skulz laɪk ˈflɔrɪdə, ˈɔrəˌgɑn ənd oʊˈhaɪoʊ steɪt. mɔr: ənˈwaɪndɪŋ ˈmædnəs: wət wɛnt rɔŋ wɪθ ˈkɑlɪʤ haʊ tɪ fɪks it…*…. |
read here and here. climate "scientists" across the world have been blatantly fabricating temperatures in hopes of convincing the public and politicians that modern global warming is unprecedented and accelerating.
the scientists doing the fabrication are usually employed by the government agencies or universities, which thrive and exist on taxpayer research dollars dedicated to global warming research. a classic example of this is the new zealand climate agency, which is now admitting their scientists produced bogus "warming" temperatures for new zealand.
"niwa makes the huge admission that new zealand has experienced hardly any warming during the last half-century. for all their talk about warming, for all their rushed invention of the “eleven-station series” to prove warming, this new series shows that no warming has occurred here since about 1960. almost all the warming took place from, when the says that the effect of concentrations was trivial. indeed, global temperatures were falling during that all of the 34 adjustments made by dr jim salinger to the have been abandoned, along with his version of the comparative station methodology."
a collection of charts. | rɛd hir ənd hir. ˈklaɪmɪt "ˈsaɪəntɪsts" əˈkrɔs ðə wərld hæv bɪn ˈbleɪtəntli ˈfæbrɪˌkeɪtɪŋ ˈtɛmpərəʧərz ɪn hoʊps əv kənˈvɪnsɪŋ ðə ˈpəblɪk ənd ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ðət ˈmɑdərn ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ ɪz ənˈprɛsɪˌdɛntɪd ənd ækˈsɛlərˌeɪtɪŋ. ðə ˈsaɪəntɪsts duɪŋ ðə ˌfæbrɪˈkeɪʃən ər ˈjuʒəwəli ɪmˈplɔɪd baɪ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈeɪʤənsiz ər ˌjunəˈvərsətiz, wɪʧ θraɪv ənd ɪgˈzɪst ɔn ˈtækˌspeɪər ˈrisərʧ ˈdɔlərz ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd tɪ ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ ˈrisərʧ. ə ˈklæsɪk ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðɪs ɪz ðə nu ˈzilənd ˈklaɪmɪt ˈeɪʤənsi, wɪʧ ɪz naʊ ədˈmɪtɪŋ ðɛr ˈsaɪəntɪsts prəˈdust ˈboʊgəs "ˈwɔrmɪŋ" ˈtɛmpərəʧərz fər nu ˈzilənd. meɪks ðə juʤ ədˈmɪʃən ðət nu ˈzilənd həz ɪkˈspɪriənst ˈhɑrdli ˈɛni ˈwɔrmɪŋ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə læst half-century*. fər ɔl ðɛr tɔk əˈbaʊt ˈwɔrmɪŋ, fər ɔl ðɛr rəʃt ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən əv ðə series”*” tɪ pruv ˈwɔrmɪŋ, ðɪs nu ˈsɪriz ʃoʊz ðət noʊ ˈwɔrmɪŋ həz əˈkərd hir sɪns əˈbaʊt 1960 ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɔl ðə ˈwɔrmɪŋ tʊk pleɪs frəm wɪn ðə sɪz ðət ðə ˈifɛkt əv ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃənz wɑz ˈtrɪviəl. ˌɪnˈdid, ˈgloʊbəl ˈtɛmpərəʧərz wər ˈfɑlɪŋ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðət ɔl əv ðə 34 əˈʤəstmənts meɪd baɪ ˈdɑktər ʤɪm ˈsælɪnʤər tɪ ðə hæv bɪn əˈbændənd, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ hɪz ˈvərʒən əv ðə kəmˈpærətɪv ˈsteɪʃən ˌmɛθəˈdɑləʤi." ə kəˈlɛkʃən əv ʧɑrts. |
it sounds like something out of a science fiction movie about making supersoldiers. scientists have turned shy, mice into aggressive fighters who almost always win in dominance competitions. and they did it by stimulating a part of the mouse brain that controls" behavior.
mice are social animals, and male mice establish a pecking order amongst themselves by displaying aggressive behavior. though this aggression can take many forms, neuroscientist zhou of the chinese academy of sciences, shanghai, joined with his colleagues to measure mouse dominance using what's called the "tube test." the tube test creates a scenario in which there's not enough room for the mice to pass each other in the tube. mice have to shove one another aside to get out. the mouse who shoves the most other mice out of its way will "win" the dominance game.
in a recent article for science, zhou and his colleagues write that "winner mice initiated significantly more pushes, and with a longer duration per push, than loser mice." winners weren't stronger than losers; they were simply more persistently aggressive. the researchers also found that the winner mice showed brain activity in a cluster of neurons called the prefrontal cortex (dmpfc), which is associated with behavior" and "social dominance." mice whose was quiet during tube tests always lost.
zhou and his colleagues wondered whether they could create "winner" mice by stimulating the. using a brain stimulation technique called "optogenetics" that triggers neural activity with proteins and light, they stimulated the region of a brain. then the mouse took the tube test with a mouse. immediately, the loser mouse began to shove the winner mouse vigorously, winning almost every contest.
there are a lot of interesting implications here for further research. first of all, winning social dominance contests is clearly not just a matter of physical strength. having an aggressive attitude is key to winning. and second, there is the question of whether this kind of technique would work on other animals and perhaps even humans. mouse brains are similar to human brains in some ways, but our brains are far more complicated. that makes it unlikely that a shy person could be transformed into robocop with just one squirt of photons from a brain implant.
perhaps more interesting is how researchers found they could permanently transform loser mice into winners, just by stimulating their brains six or more times in tube tests. "we observed that not all the mice returned to their original rank," zhejiang university neuroscientist hu told the guardian. "some mice [did], but some of them had this newly dominant position." hu and the other researchers refer to this as the "winner effect," in which one triumph can lead to more victories, due to a change in outlook.
put in more scientific terms, the winner effect is the result of "neuroplasticity," or the way neural connections in our brains are constantly changing. each time the mouse wins due to brain stimulation, the underlying structure of its brain changes a little bit. over time, the mouse has essentially been rewired to be more aggressive in dominance games. light stimulation isn't the only way to do this; animals can rewire their brains through new experiences or learning. but brain stimulation works remarkably fast.
for now, this research could only lead to a more aggressive mouse army. but in the future, it could help people overcome social anxiety by giving them a little boost of assertiveness at just the right moment. or it could create an army of supersoldiers. what could go wrong?
science, 2017. doi: (about dois). | ɪt saʊnz laɪk ˈsəmθɪŋ aʊt əv ə saɪəns ˈfɪkʃən ˈmuvi əˈbaʊt ˈmeɪkɪŋ supersoldiers*. ˈsaɪəntɪsts hæv tərnd ʃaɪ, maɪs ˈɪntu əˈgrɛsɪv ˈfaɪtərz hu ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɔlˌweɪz wɪn ɪn ˈdɑmənəns ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃənz. ənd ðeɪ dɪd ɪt baɪ ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtɪŋ ə pɑrt əv ðə maʊs breɪn ðət kənˈtroʊlz" bɪˈheɪvjər. maɪs ər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈænəməlz, ənd meɪl maɪs ɪˈstæblɪʃ ə ˈpɛkɪŋ ˈɔrdər əˈməŋst ðɛmˈsɛlvz baɪ dɪˈspleɪɪŋ əˈgrɛsɪv bɪˈheɪvjər. ðoʊ ðɪs əˈgrɛʃən kən teɪk ˈmɛni fɔrmz, nˈjʊroʊˌsaɪənɪst ʒu əv ðə ʧaɪˈniz əˈkædəmi əv ˈsaɪənsɪz, ˈʃæŋˈhaɪ, ʤɔɪnd wɪθ hɪz ˈkɑligz tɪ ˈmɛʒər maʊs ˈdɑmənəns ˈjuzɪŋ wəts kɔld ðə "tub tɛst." ðə tub tɛst kriˈeɪts ə sɪˈnɛrioʊ ɪn wɪʧ ðɛrz nɑt ɪˈnəf rum fər ðə maɪs tɪ pæs iʧ ˈəðər ɪn ðə tub. maɪs hæv tɪ ʃəv wən əˈnəðər əˈsaɪd tɪ gɪt aʊt. ðə maʊs hu ʃəvz ðə moʊst ˈəðər maɪs aʊt əv ɪts weɪ wɪl "wɪn" ðə ˈdɑmənəns geɪm. ɪn ə ˈrisənt ˈɑrtɪkəl fər saɪəns, ʒu ənd hɪz ˈkɑligz raɪt ðət "ˈwɪnər maɪs ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪtɪd sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli mɔr ˈpʊʃɪz, ənd wɪθ ə ˈlɔŋgər ˈdʊˈreɪʃən pər pʊʃ, ðən ˈluzər maɪs." ˈwɪnərz wərənt ˈstrɔŋgər ðən ˈluzərz; ðeɪ wər ˈsɪmpli mɔr pərˈsɪstəntli əˈgrɛsɪv. ðə ˈrisərʧərz ˈɔlsoʊ faʊnd ðət ðə ˈwɪnər maɪs ʃoʊd breɪn ækˈtɪvɪti ɪn ə ˈkləstər əv ˈnʊrɑnz kɔld ðə priˈfrəntəl ˈkɔrtɛks (dmpfc*), wɪʧ ɪz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ bɪˈheɪvjər" ənd "ˈsoʊʃəl ˈdɑmənəns." maɪs huz wɑz kwaɪət ˈdʊrɪŋ tub tɛsts ˈɔlˌweɪz lɔst. ʒu ənd hɪz ˈkɑligz ˈwəndərd ˈwɛðər ðeɪ kʊd kriˈeɪt "ˈwɪnər" maɪs baɪ ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtɪŋ ðə. ˈjuzɪŋ ə breɪn ˌstɪmjəˈleɪʃən tɛkˈnik kɔld "optogenetics*" ðət ˈtrɪgərz ˈnʊrəl ækˈtɪvɪti wɪθ ˈproʊˌtinz ənd laɪt, ðeɪ ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtɪd ðə ˈriʤən əv ə breɪn. ðɛn ðə maʊs tʊk ðə tub tɛst wɪθ ə maʊs. ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli, ðə ˈluzər maʊs bɪˈgæn tɪ ʃəv ðə ˈwɪnər maʊs ˈvɪgərəsli, ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri ˈkɑntɛst. ðɛr ər ə lɔt əv ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz hir fər ˈfərðər ˈrisərʧ. fərst əv ɔl, ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈdɑmənəns ˈkɑntɛsts ɪz ˈklɪrli nɑt ʤɪst ə ˈmætər əv ˈfɪzɪkəl strɛŋθ. ˈhævɪŋ ən əˈgrɛsɪv ˈætəˌtud ɪz ki tɪ ˈwɪnɪŋ. ənd ˈsɛkənd, ðɛr ɪz ðə kˈwɛʃən əv ˈwɛðər ðɪs kaɪnd əv tɛkˈnik wʊd wərk ɔn ˈəðər ˈænəməlz ənd pərˈhæps ˈivɪn ˈjumənz. maʊs breɪnz ər ˈsɪmələr tɪ ˈjumən breɪnz ɪn səm weɪz, bət ɑr breɪnz ər fɑr mɔr ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd. ðət meɪks ɪt ənˈlaɪkli ðət ə ʃaɪ ˈpərsən kʊd bi trænsˈfɔrmd ˈɪntu ˈroʊboʊˌkɑp wɪθ ʤɪst wən skwərt əv ˈfoʊˌtɑnz frəm ə breɪn ˌɪmˈplænt. pərˈhæps mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ɪz haʊ ˈrisərʧərz faʊnd ðeɪ kʊd ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli ˈtrænsfɔrm ˈluzər maɪs ˈɪntu ˈwɪnərz, ʤɪst baɪ ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtɪŋ ðɛr breɪnz sɪks ər mɔr taɪmz ɪn tub tɛsts. "wi əbˈzərvd ðət nɑt ɔl ðə maɪs rɪˈtərnd tɪ ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl ræŋk," ˈʒiˈʤɑŋ ˌjunəˈvərsəti nˈjʊroʊˌsaɪənɪst hu toʊld ðə ˈgɑrdiən. "səm maɪs [dɪd], bət səm əv ðɛm hæd ðɪs ˈnuli ˈdɑmənənt pəˈzɪʃən." hu ənd ðə ˈəðər ˈrisərʧərz rɪˈfər tɪ ðɪs ɛz ðə "ˈwɪnər ˈifɛkt," ɪn wɪʧ wən traɪəmf kən lɛd tɪ mɔr ˈvɪktəriz, du tɪ ə ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ˈaʊˌtlʊk. pʊt ɪn mɔr ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk tərmz, ðə ˈwɪnər ˈifɛkt ɪz ðə rɪˈzəlt əv "neuroplasticity*," ər ðə weɪ ˈnʊrəl kəˈnɛkʃənz ɪn ɑr breɪnz ər ˈkɑnstəntli ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ. iʧ taɪm ðə maʊs wɪnz du tɪ breɪn ˌstɪmjəˈleɪʃən, ðə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈstrəkʧər əv ɪts breɪn ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt. ˈoʊvər taɪm, ðə maʊs həz ɛˈsɛnʃəli bɪn riˈwaɪərd tɪ bi mɔr əˈgrɛsɪv ɪn ˈdɑmənəns geɪmz. laɪt ˌstɪmjəˈleɪʃən ˈɪzənt ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ tɪ du ðɪs; ˈænəməlz kən riˈwaɪər ðɛr breɪnz θru nu ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ər ˈlərnɪŋ. bət breɪn ˌstɪmjəˈleɪʃən wərks rɪˈmɑrkəbli fæst. fər naʊ, ðɪs ˈrisərʧ kʊd ˈoʊnli lɛd tɪ ə mɔr əˈgrɛsɪv maʊs ˈɑrmi. bət ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər, ɪt kʊd hɛlp ˈpipəl ˈoʊvərˌkəm ˈsoʊʃəl æŋˈzaɪəti baɪ ˈgɪvɪŋ ðɛm ə ˈlɪtəl bust əv əˈsərtɪvnəs æt ʤɪst ðə raɪt ˈmoʊmənt. ər ɪt kʊd kriˈeɪt ən ˈɑrmi əv supersoldiers*. wət kʊd goʊ rɔŋ? saɪəns, 2017 dɔɪ: (əˈbaʊt dois*). |
big pharma has remade their business models over time to maximize shareholder value. - joe images
listen to the story marketplace embed code src="https://www.marketplace.org/2016/06/08/world/profit-pharma/popout""%" height="240px"></iframe>
there’s a new way of doing business for much of big pharma.
instead of relying on their own expensive laboratories, they also buy drugs or their makers and focus on getting treatments through the food and drug administration and onto your tv screens. then, raise prices every year. move overseas for tax advantages. and reward shareholders by buying back billions' worth of shares.
it always like that.
“george merck summed it up one of the original of merck back in the '50s that the mission of merck and other pharmaceutical companies at the time was to take care of patients and profits would follow,” said joel hay, a professor of pharmaceutical economics and policy at the university of southern california.
at merck & co., in the middle of the century, the idea that patients came before profits “was a big part of our culture,” said scott lucas, who worked in sales at the company for more than 30 years, starting in the 1970s.
lucas and other workers describe an era of the highest ethical and moral standards. drug trials were halted over the most tenuous rumor that a similar drug in development by a competitor was running into issues. sales staff took pains to educate doctors about the downsides of treatments.
in the second half of the century, merck really was a company where shareholder value was the result, not a prime motivation.
it ran huge, productive research labs full of scientists. in charge of those labs was roy vagelos, who went from chief scientist to become ceo in 1984.
dan / business insider
“my interest was never making money,” vagelos, 86, said in an interview with business insider and marketplace. “even as ceo. especially as ceo.”
by standards of management, as if vagelos did everything wrong.
'we’re leaving money on the table'
he refused to raise drug prices more than inflation. when he told that to marketing team, vagelos said, “they said, leaving money on the table,' of course. and i said, 'fine, what do.'”
he bailed out of business school after just a week, which is maybe why he think much about wall street.
“i never worried about stockholders ever. it never crossed my mind. i even refused to meet with stock analysts.”
at one point, he made a last-minute decision to donate a massive quantity of a drug that cured river blindness in patients in africa. it cost the company a lot of money.
“one of the people when i was reporting it at the next board meeting said, ‘you never called us!’ and i said it was going so fast, it never crossed my mind. i forgot about it.”
you could be cynical about this. you could argue holding down drug prices helped stave off regulations, and there were a lot of public relations benefits to that donation in africa.
but by not focusing on maximizing shareholder value, merck did really well. during vagelos' era, it came out with lots of new drugs, which led stock price to increase an average of 22 percent per year. in the years since, it has been just 5 percent a year.
but these days, just about impossible to run a company the way vagelos ran merck.
“you have to provide a little bit of something for everybody,” said brent saunders, the ceo of allergan. you might know it as the maker of botox. allergan is highly respected by wall street and its competitors, but saunders ignore investors.
“you need to have good short-term performance," he said in an interview with business insider and marketplace. "you have to have sound midterm strategy and performance, and ultimately, because of the product cycle and the way we innovate over the long term, really have conviction around your long-term strategy. i try to do it all.”
here are some of the ways allergan is a model of a modern pharmaceutical company, with its research, price and tax strategies:
allergan more often acquires drugs or companies rather than go through the risky process of discovering and developing drugs from scratch, as companies like merck did in their heyday.
a good portion of its pipeline is dedicated to finding new purposes for existing drugs like botox, which currently has 11 approved uses and more on the way. so far it can be used for wrinkles, migraines, overactive bladders and more.
'it’s like milking a cow'
“their success is really based on a drug that seems to be just like the market opportunities are endless,” said tulum, a researcher at the university of massachusetts lowell. “it’s like milking a cow.”
saunders calls botox “a pipeline in a product.”
and saunders ignore his share price, especially now that he has one of the most famous activist investors taking a big stake in allergan: carl icahn.
“i view carl as just one of many important shareholders,” saunders said. “we listen to all of our shareholders, activist and passive, and long term and short term.”
icahn is leaving saunders alone for now, but that could change. he has a history of pressuring companies to make moves and then getting out of the stock.
to save on taxes, allergan is technically an irish company, even though saunders mostly works in new jersey. it caused a little tension between saunders and his father when pfizer tried to buy allergan to take advantage of the tax deal.
“i was arguing that taxes a question of patriotism,” saunders said. “he kept insisting, and ultimately i said he had moved to florida because it had zero state income tax and zero estate tax, and i said, 'look, you did a personal inversion.'”
saunders said that being based in ireland allows allergan to use the savings to invest more in the u.s.
then, price: allergan said it raises prices roughly 8 percent a year far greater than inflation, but also nothing like a valeant.
but for all the ways allergan is an example of the new way pharmaceutical companies operate today, saunders sometimes sounds a bit like vagelos.
“when we do well for patients, when we come up with innovation for an unmet need, when we can improve a life by one of our treatments, our shareholders benefit,” he said.
today, merck and other big pharma companies look more like allergan. their own research teams been so productive lately, so they increasingly buy up drugs and their makers.
the old established companies are spending billions buying back their own shares.
after vagelos retired from merck, he made a fortune as chairman of the biotech firm regeneron. what does he think of newer firms and their business models?
“well, i think much of them,” he said. “the business is different from selling buttons and bicycles.”
wall street, though, might not agree.
"the price of profits," our series with business insider, looks at what happens when profits become a product. for more, visit priceofprofits.org. | bɪg ˈfɑrmə həz riˈmeɪd ðɛr ˈbɪznɪs ˈmɑdəlz ˈoʊvər taɪm tɪ ˈmæksəˌmaɪz ˈʃɛˌrhoʊldər ˈvælju. ʤoʊ ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈlɪsən tɪ ðə ˈstɔri ˈmɑrkɪtˌpleɪs ɪmˈbɛd koʊd src="https://www.marketplace.org/2016/06/08/world/profit-pharma/popout*" height="240px"></iframe*> ə nu weɪ əv duɪŋ ˈbɪznɪs fər məʧ əv bɪg ˈfɑrmə. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ðɛr oʊn ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈlæbrəˌtɔriz, ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ baɪ drəgz ər ðɛr ˈmeɪkərz ənd ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈtritmənts θru ðə fud ənd drəg ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ənd ˈɔntu jʊr ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən skrinz. ðɛn, reɪz ˈpraɪsɪz ˈɛvəri jɪr. muv ˈoʊvərˈsiz fər tæks ædˈvæntɪʤɪz. ənd rɪˈwɔrd ˈʃɛˌrhoʊldərz baɪ baɪɪŋ bæk ˈbɪljənz' wərθ əv ʃɛrz. ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz laɪk ðət. mərk səmd ɪt əp wən əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl əv mərk bæk ɪn ðə ðət ðə ˈmɪʃən əv mərk ənd ˈəðər ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌniz æt ðə taɪm wɑz tɪ teɪk kɛr əv ˈpeɪʃənz ənd ˈprɑfɪts wʊd follow,”*,” sɛd ʤoʊəl heɪ, ə prəˈfɛsər əv ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪks ənd ˈpɑləsi æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈsəðərn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə. æt mərk koʊ., ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri, ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ˈpeɪʃənz keɪm ˌbiˈfɔr ˈprɑfɪts ə bɪg pɑrt əv ɑr culture,”*,” sɛd skɑt ˈlukəs, hu wərkt ɪn seɪlz æt ðə ˈkəmpəˌni fər mɔr ðən 30 jɪrz, ˈstɑrtɪŋ ɪn ðə 1970s*. ˈlukəs ənd ˈəðər ˈwərkərz dɪˈskraɪb ən ˈɪrə əv ðə haɪəst ˈɛθɪkəl ənd ˈmɔrəl ˈstændərdz. drəg traɪəlz wər ˈhɔltɪd ˈoʊvər ðə moʊst ˈtɛnjəwəs ˈrumər ðət ə ˈsɪmələr drəg ɪn dɪˈvɛləpmənt baɪ ə kəmˈpɛtɪtər wɑz ˈrənɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈɪʃuz. seɪlz stæf tʊk peɪnz tɪ ˈɛʤəˌkeɪt ˈdɑktərz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈdaʊnˌsaɪdz əv ˈtritmənts. ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd hæf əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri, mərk ˈrɪli wɑz ə ˈkəmpəˌni wɛr ˈʃɛˌrhoʊldər ˈvælju wɑz ðə rɪˈzəlt, nɑt ə praɪm ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃən. ɪt ræn juʤ, pərˈdəktɪv ˈrisərʧ læbz fʊl əv ˈsaɪəntɪsts. ɪn ʧɑrʤ əv ðoʊz læbz wɑz rɔɪ vəˈʤɛloʊs, hu wɛnt frəm ʧif ˈsaɪəntɪst tɪ bɪˈkəm ˈsiˌiˈoʊ ɪn 1984 dæn ˈbɪznɪs ˌɪnˈsaɪdər ˈɪntəˌrɛst wɑz ˈnɛvər ˈmeɪkɪŋ money,”*,” vəˈʤɛloʊs, 86 sɛd ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ ˈbɪznɪs ˌɪnˈsaɪdər ənd ˈmɑrkɪtˌpleɪs. ɛz ˈsiˌiˈoʊ. əˈspɛʃəli ɛz ceo.”*.” baɪ ˈstændərdz əv ˈmænɪʤmənt, ɛz ɪf vəˈʤɛloʊs dɪd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ rɔŋ. ˈlivɪŋ ˈməni ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəl' hi rɪfˈjuzd tɪ reɪz drəg ˈpraɪsɪz mɔr ðən ˌɪnˈfleɪʃən. wɪn hi toʊld ðət tɪ ˈmɑrkətɪŋ tim, vəˈʤɛloʊs sɛd, sɛd, ˈlivɪŋ ˈməni ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəl,' əv kɔrs. ənd aɪ sɛd, 'faɪn, wət do.'”*.'” hi beɪld aʊt əv ˈbɪznɪs skul ˈæftər ʤɪst ə wik, wɪʧ ɪz ˈmeɪbi waɪ hi θɪŋk məʧ əˈbaʊt wɔl strit. ˈnɛvər ˈwərid əˈbaʊt ˈstɑˌkhoʊldərz ˈɛvər. ɪt ˈnɛvər krɔst maɪ maɪnd. aɪ ˈivɪn rɪfˈjuzd tɪ mit wɪθ stɑk analysts.”*.” æt wən pɔɪnt, hi meɪd ə ˌlæsˈmɪnət dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˈdoʊˌneɪt ə ˈmæsɪv kˈwɑntəti əv ə drəg ðət kjʊrd ˈrɪvər ˈblaɪndnəs ɪn ˈpeɪʃənz ɪn ˈæfrɪkɑ. ɪt kɔst ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ə lɔt əv ˈməni. əv ðə ˈpipəl wɪn aɪ wɑz rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ɪt æt ðə nɛkst bɔrd ˈmitɪŋ sɛd, ˈnɛvər kɔld us!’*!’ ənd aɪ sɛd ɪt wɑz goʊɪŋ soʊ fæst, ɪt ˈnɛvər krɔst maɪ maɪnd. aɪ fərˈgɑt əˈbaʊt it.”*.” ju kʊd bi ˈsɪnɪkəl əˈbaʊt ðɪs. ju kʊd ˈɑrgju ˈhoʊldɪŋ daʊn drəg ˈpraɪsɪz hɛlpt steɪv ɔf ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz, ənd ðɛr wər ə lɔt əv ˈpəblɪk riˈleɪʃənz ˈbɛnəfɪts tɪ ðət doʊˈneɪʃən ɪn ˈæfrɪkɑ. bət baɪ nɑt ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ ɔn ˈmæksəˌmaɪzɪŋ ˈʃɛˌrhoʊldər ˈvælju, mərk dɪd ˈrɪli wɛl. ˈdʊrɪŋ vəˈʤɛloʊs' ˈɪrə, ɪt keɪm aʊt wɪθ lɑts əv nu drəgz, wɪʧ lɛd stɑk praɪs tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ən ˈævərɪʤ əv 22 pərˈsɛnt pər jɪr. ɪn ðə jɪrz sɪns, ɪt həz bɪn ʤɪst 5 pərˈsɛnt ə jɪr. bət ðiz deɪz, ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ rən ə ˈkəmpəˌni ðə weɪ vəˈʤɛloʊs ræn mərk. hæv tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt əv ˈsəmθɪŋ fər everybody,”*,” sɛd brɛnt ˈsɔndərz, ðə ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv ˈælərʤən. ju maɪt noʊ ɪt ɛz ðə ˈmeɪkər əv ˈboʊˌtɔks. ˈælərʤən ɪz ˈhaɪli rɪˈspɛktɪd baɪ wɔl strit ənd ɪts kəmˈpɛtɪtərz, bət ˈsɔndərz ˌɪgˈnɔr ˌɪnˈvɛstərz. nid tɪ hæv gʊd ˌʃɔrtˈtərm pərˈfɔrməns," hi sɛd ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ ˈbɪznɪs ˌɪnˈsaɪdər ənd ˈmɑrkɪtˌpleɪs. "ju hæv tɪ hæv saʊnd ˈmɪdˌtərm ˈstrætəʤi ənd pərˈfɔrməns, ənd ˈəltəmətli, bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈprɑdəkt ˈsaɪkəl ənd ðə weɪ wi ˈɪnəˌveɪt ˈoʊvər ðə lɔŋ tərm, ˈrɪli hæv kənˈvɪkʃən əraʊnd jʊr ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈstrætəʤi. aɪ traɪ tɪ du ɪt all.”*.” hir ər səm əv ðə weɪz ˈælərʤən ɪz ə ˈmɑdəl əv ə ˈmɑdərn ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌni, wɪθ ɪts ˈrisərʧ, praɪs ənd tæks ˈstrætəʤiz: ˈælərʤən mɔr ˈɔfən əkˈwaɪərz drəgz ər ˈkəmpəˌniz ˈrəðər ðən goʊ θru ðə ˈrɪski ˈprɔˌsɛs əv dɪˈskəvərɪŋ ənd dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ drəgz frəm skræʧ, ɛz ˈkəmpəˌniz laɪk mərk dɪd ɪn ðɛr ˈheɪˌdeɪ. ə gʊd ˈpɔrʃən əv ɪts ˈpaɪˌplaɪn ɪz ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd tɪ ˈfaɪndɪŋ nu ˈpərpəsɪz fər ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ drəgz laɪk ˈboʊˌtɔks, wɪʧ ˈkərəntli həz 11 əˈpruvd ˈjuzɪz ənd mɔr ɔn ðə weɪ. soʊ fɑr ɪt kən bi juzd fər ˈrɪŋkəlz, ˈmaɪˌgreɪnz, ˈoʊvərˈæktɪv ˈblædərz ənd mɔr. laɪk ˈmɪlkɪŋ ə kaʊ' səkˈsɛs ɪz ˈrɪli beɪst ɔn ə drəg ðət simz tɪ bi ʤɪst laɪk ðə ˈmɑrkɪt ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ər endless,”*,” sɛd tulum*, ə ˈrisərʧər æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌmæsəˈʧusəts loʊəl. laɪk ˈmɪlkɪŋ ə cow.”*.” ˈsɔndərz kɔlz ˈboʊˌtɔks ˈpaɪˌplaɪn ɪn ə product.”*.” ənd ˈsɔndərz ˌɪgˈnɔr hɪz ʃɛr praɪs, əˈspɛʃəli naʊ ðət hi həz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈfeɪməs ˈæktɪvɪst ˌɪnˈvɛstərz ˈteɪkɪŋ ə bɪg steɪk ɪn ˈælərʤən: kɑrl ˈaɪkɑn. vju kɑrl ɛz ʤɪst wən əv ˈmɛni ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt shareholders,”*,” ˈsɔndərz sɛd. ˈlɪsən tɪ ɔl əv ɑr ˈʃɛˌrhoʊldərz, ˈæktɪvɪst ənd ˈpæsɪv, ənd lɔŋ tərm ənd ʃɔrt term.”*.” ˈaɪkɑn ɪz ˈlivɪŋ ˈsɔndərz əˈloʊn fər naʊ, bət ðət kʊd ʧeɪnʤ. hi həz ə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈprɛʃərɪŋ ˈkəmpəˌniz tɪ meɪk muvz ənd ðɛn ˈgɪtɪŋ aʊt əv ðə stɑk. tɪ seɪv ɔn ˈtæksɪz, ˈælərʤən ɪz ˈtɛknɪkəli ən ˈaɪrɪʃ ˈkəmpəˌni, ˈivɪn ðoʊ ˈsɔndərz ˈmoʊstli wərks ɪn nu ˈʤərzi. ɪt kɔzd ə ˈlɪtəl ˈtɛnʃən bɪtˈwin ˈsɔndərz ənd hɪz ˈfɑðər wɪn ˈfaɪzər traɪd tɪ baɪ ˈælərʤən tɪ teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ðə tæks dil. wɑz ˈɑrgjuɪŋ ðət ˈtæksɪz ə kˈwɛʃən əv patriotism,”*,” ˈsɔndərz sɛd. kɛpt ˌɪnˈsɪstɪŋ, ənd ˈəltəmətli aɪ sɛd hi hæd muvd tɪ ˈflɔrɪdə bɪˈkəz ɪt hæd ˈziroʊ steɪt ˈɪnˌkəm tæks ənd ˈziroʊ ɛˈsteɪt tæks, ənd aɪ sɛd, 'lʊk, ju dɪd ə ˈpərsɪnəl inversion.'”*.'” ˈsɔndərz sɛd ðət biɪŋ beɪst ɪn ˈaɪərlənd əˈlaʊz ˈælərʤən tɪ juz ðə ˈseɪvɪŋz tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛst mɔr ɪn ðə juz. ðɛn, praɪs: ˈælərʤən sɛd ɪt ˈreɪzɪz ˈpraɪsɪz ˈrəfli 8 pərˈsɛnt ə jɪr fɑr ˈgreɪtər ðən ˌɪnˈfleɪʃən, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnəθɪŋ laɪk ə valeant*. bət fər ɔl ðə weɪz ˈælərʤən ɪz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðə nu weɪ ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌniz ˈɔpərˌeɪt təˈdeɪ, ˈsɔndərz ˈsəmˌtaɪmz saʊnz ə bɪt laɪk vəˈʤɛloʊs. wi du wɛl fər ˈpeɪʃənz, wɪn wi kəm əp wɪθ ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən fər ən ənˈmɛt nid, wɪn wi kən ˌɪmˈpruv ə laɪf baɪ wən əv ɑr ˈtritmənts, ɑr ˈʃɛˌrhoʊldərz benefit,”*,” hi sɛd. təˈdeɪ, mərk ənd ˈəðər bɪg ˈfɑrmə ˈkəmpəˌniz lʊk mɔr laɪk ˈælərʤən. ðɛr oʊn ˈrisərʧ timz bɪn soʊ pərˈdəktɪv ˈleɪtli, soʊ ðeɪ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli baɪ əp drəgz ənd ðɛr ˈmeɪkərz. ðə oʊld ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈkəmpəˌniz ər ˈspɛndɪŋ ˈbɪljənz baɪɪŋ bæk ðɛr oʊn ʃɛrz. ˈæftər vəˈʤɛloʊs rɪˈtaɪrd frəm mərk, hi meɪd ə ˈfɔrʧən ɛz ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə ˈbaɪoʊˌtɛk fərm riˈʤɛnərˌɔn. wət dɪz hi θɪŋk əv nuər fərmz ənd ðɛr ˈbɪznɪs ˈmɑdəlz? ““well*, aɪ θɪŋk məʧ əv them,”*,” hi sɛd. ˈbɪznɪs ɪz ˈdɪfərənt frəm ˈsɛlɪŋ ˈbətənz ənd bicycles.”*.” wɔl strit, ðoʊ, maɪt nɑt əˈgri. "ðə praɪs əv ˈprɑfɪts," ɑr ˈsɪriz wɪθ ˈbɪznɪs ˌɪnˈsaɪdər, lʊks æt wət ˈhæpənz wɪn ˈprɑfɪts bɪˈkəm ə ˈprɑdəkt. fər mɔr, ˈvɪzɪt priceofprofits.org*. |
community,
wingham community of christ in street, celebrates 80 years since the opening of its church building on may 23, 1937. the cost of the original building, fully furnished, was. on saturday, july 29 there will be an open church with a complimentary sausage sizzle from to 2pm. cameron waugh and kay will entertain by playing some of the 600 odd hymns in the award winning ‘community of christ sings’ hymn book on the church keyboard. the knit and group, which meets on the first and third tuesday of the month, will have some of their wrap with love rugs on display along with some knits for babies which are donated to the hospital. the church is making up hampers for the manning refuge and donations of any non perishable items would be appreciated. a service of celebration will be held at on sunday july 30 with australian mission president ben smith as guest minister. a light lunch will be served at noon prior to the service. all welcome to join in the celebrations. contact garry boyd on 0428 535 504 or robyn rankin on 0400 317 420 for further information.
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whatsapp | kəmˈjunɪti, kəmˈjunɪti əv kraɪst ɪn strit, ˈsɛləˌbreɪts 80 jɪrz sɪns ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ əv ɪts ʧərʧ ˈbɪldɪŋ ɔn meɪ 23 1937 ðə kɔst əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈbɪldɪŋ, ˈfʊli ˈfərnɪʃt, wɑz ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, ˌʤuˈlaɪ 29 ðɛr wɪl bi ən ˈoʊpən ʧərʧ wɪθ ə ˌkɑmpləˈmɛntəri ˈsɔsɪʤ ˈsɪzəl frəm tɪ 2pm*. ˈkæmərən wɔ ənd keɪ wɪl ˌɛnərˈteɪn baɪ pleɪɪŋ səm əv ðə 600 ɑd hɪmz ɪn ðə əˈwɔrd ˈwɪnɪŋ əv kraɪst sings’*’ hɪm bʊk ɔn ðə ʧərʧ ˈkiˌbɔrd. ðə nɪt ənd grup, wɪʧ mits ɔn ðə fərst ənd θərd ˈtuzˌdeɪ əv ðə mənθ, wɪl hæv səm əv ðɛr ræp wɪθ ləv rəgz ɔn dɪˈspleɪ əˈlɔŋ wɪθ səm nɪts fər ˈbeɪbiz wɪʧ ər ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl. ðə ʧərʧ ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ əp ˈhæmpərz fər ðə ˈmænɪŋ ˈrɛfjuʤ ənd doʊˈneɪʃənz əv ˈɛni nɑn ˈpɛrɪʃəbəl ˈaɪtəmz wʊd bi əˈpriʃiˌeɪtɪd. ə ˈsərvɪs əv ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən wɪl bi hɛld æt ɔn ˈsənˌdi ˌʤuˈlaɪ 30 wɪθ ɔˈstreɪljən ˈmɪʃən ˈprɛzɪdənt bɛn smɪθ ɛz gɛst ˈmɪnɪstər. ə laɪt lənʧ wɪl bi sərvd æt nun praɪər tɪ ðə ˈsərvɪs. ɔl ˈwɛlkəm tɪ ʤɔɪn ɪn ðə ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃənz. ˈkɑnˌtækt ˈgɛri bɔɪd ɔn 0428 535 504 ər ˈrɑbɪn ˈræŋkɪn ɔn 0400 317 420 fər ˈfərðər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ˈbərθˌdeɪ ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃənz fər kəmˈjunɪti əv kraɪst ʧərʧ ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ʃɛr tˈwɪtər twit iˈmeɪl |
in a media availability on thursday, texas longhorns defensive coordinator todd orlando detailed the specifics of several position changes on defense that are having a big impact on the depth chart:
here are the position changes texas defensive coordinator todd orlando made after watching last year's film anwar richardson (@anwarrichardson) march 24, 2017
and so while multiple defense will typically employ a similar look against spread teams as the defense run by former head coach charlie strong, he clearly sees different things on film and has different requirements than the previous staff.
after a largely disappointing experiment with malik jefferson in the middle, the junior will cede the role of most important defender to fellow junior hager.
jefferson was the top player in the state in 2015 and the crown jewel of recruiting class, while hager was one of the players in the entire group and originally committed to baylor.
now the roles are rather reversed hager who will take on the role of calling the defense and utilize his trademark maniacal play back at linebacker, where he played as a freshman before switching to the hybrid buck position last year.
in discussing the role of in his defense, orlando made his expectations clear for the position. he also happened to send a message to jefferson, who was last season for his effort level.
“we're not going to go into the season with a soft middle linebacker, it's just not going to happen,” orlando said. “so whoever ends up being the toughest kid, the kid who's going to be the most physical, play in and play out, is going to wind up there when we eventually play maryland. that's the approach, that what always goes into what part this is. that position should be the quarterback of the defense, he should be the toughest guy, everybody should respect him, he should go extremely hard all the time and be vocal. so that's kind of the prerequisite that you look for when you're trying to fill in that spot.”
in 2016, play improved at the end of the season before it ended due to a concussion, but orlando made it clear that if it flags again for whatever reason, jefferson will find himself on the bench much more quickly than he did in the past.
“it’s not going to be, 'malik jefferson is not playing well, going to stay in there.’ no, malik is going to be on the bench, and going to put somebody in there specifically who for that day is going to play. creating competition and stressing it every day (when) you go out on that field. ourselves included as coaches. being evaluated every day.”
sophomore malcolm roach is making a different transition than hager in moving closer to the football. after playing at the fox position last year, roach is now at 270 pounds and playing as a defensive end that will require him to play lined up over or inside the offensive tackle.
so far, it sounds like the change suits him.
“we watch him in inside run, a strong kid,” orlando said. “he’s got some grit to him. just polishing him. still a young guy. just continue on like to see him get a little bit bigger, a little bit stronger. had a nice couple of four days right now.”
the other defensive line change is the switch of junior chris nelson and senior ford. while ford often played the defensive end position last season, moved inside and nelson is playing further outside, where he have to deal with as many double teams.
and the movement among the linebackers continued, with sophomore erick fowler back in the middle where he started last season before playing what may be his more natural position on the edge. now the question is whether he can display enough technique at the position to make an impact.
however, description of hager and why at the position also fits for fowler, who has some of the same attributes in terms of his, toughness, and overall motor.
indeed, orlando mentioned fowler specifically in the early part of his response about the middle linebacker position.
meanwhile, mcculloch is already the back up to senior hughes at thanks to the sudden lack of depth at that position with roach, hager, and fowler no longer playing there. like fowler, mcculloch played on the edge in high school and showed an aptitude for pressuring the quarterback and generally being a nuisance around the line of scrimmage.
in the secondary, bonney, a junior, is making the change from cornerback to boundary safety after orlando watched him struggled at cornerback last season. he thinks that intelligence and will serve him well at safety, where he have to cover as much ground on the short side of the field.
the position changes provide a compelling look at the changes that orlando is making to the texas defense as he rebuilds it in his own image.
whether or not those changes put players in a better position to succeed will play a significant role in the upside of the 2017 longhorns defense. | ɪn ə ˈmidiə əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ, ˈtɛksəs ˈlɔŋˌhɔrnz dɪˈfɛnsɪv koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər tɑd ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ dɪˈteɪld ðə spɪˈsɪfɪks əv ˈsɛvərəl pəˈzɪʃən ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɔn dɪˈfɛns ðət ər ˈhævɪŋ ə bɪg ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ðə dɛpθ ʧɑrt: hir ər ðə pəˈzɪʃən ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ˈtɛksəs dɪˈfɛnsɪv koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər tɑd ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ meɪd ˈæftər ˈwɑʧɪŋ læst jɪrz fɪlm ˈɑnwɑr ˈrɪʧərdsən (@anwarrichardson*) mɑrʧ 24 2017 ənd soʊ waɪl ˈməltəpəl dɪˈfɛns wɪl ˈtɪpɪkəli ɪmˈplɔɪ ə ˈsɪmələr lʊk əˈgɛnst sprɛd timz ɛz ðə dɪˈfɛns rən baɪ ˈfɔrmər hɛd koʊʧ ˈʧɑrli strɔŋ, hi ˈklɪrli siz ˈdɪfərənt θɪŋz ɔn fɪlm ənd həz ˈdɪfərənt rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ðən ðə ˈpriviəs stæf. ˈæftər ə ˈlɑrʤli ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪŋ ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɪθ ˈmælɪk ˈʤɛfərsən ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl, ðə ˈʤunjər wɪl sid ðə roʊl əv moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt dɪˈfɛndər tɪ ˈfɛloʊ ˈʤunjər ˈheɪgər. ˈʤɛfərsən wɑz ðə tɔp pleɪər ɪn ðə steɪt ɪn 2015 ənd ðə kraʊn ʤuəl əv rɪˈkrutɪŋ klæs, waɪl ˈheɪgər wɑz wən əv ðə pleɪərz ɪn ðə ɪnˈtaɪər grup ənd ərˈɪʤənəli kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ˈbeɪlər. naʊ ðə roʊlz ər ˈrəðər rɪˈvərst ˈheɪgər hu wɪl teɪk ɔn ðə roʊl əv ˈkɔlɪŋ ðə dɪˈfɛns ənd ˈjutəˌlaɪz hɪz ˈtreɪdˌmɑrk məˈnaɪəkəl pleɪ bæk æt ˈlaɪnˌbækər, wɛr hi pleɪd ɛz ə ˈfrɛʃmən ˌbiˈfɔr sˈwɪʧɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈhaɪbrɪd bək pəˈzɪʃən læst jɪr. ɪn dɪˈskəsɪŋ ðə roʊl əv ɪn hɪz dɪˈfɛns, ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ meɪd hɪz ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz klɪr fər ðə pəˈzɪʃən. hi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈhæpənd tɪ sɛnd ə ˈmɛsɪʤ tɪ ˈʤɛfərsən, hu wɑz læst ˈsizən fər hɪz ˈɛfərt ˈlɛvəl. nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ goʊ ˈɪntu ðə ˈsizən wɪθ ə sɔft ˈmɪdəl ˈlaɪnˌbækər, ɪts ʤɪst nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ happen,”*,” ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ sɛd. huˈɛvər ɛndz əp biɪŋ ðə ˈtəfəst kɪd, ðə kɪd huz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ðə moʊst ˈfɪzɪkəl, pleɪ ɪn ənd pleɪ aʊt, ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ wɪnd əp ðɛr wɪn wi ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli pleɪ ˈmɛrələnd. ðæts ðə əˈproʊʧ, ðət wət ˈɔlˌweɪz goʊz ˈɪntu wət pɑrt ðɪs ɪz. ðət pəˈzɪʃən ʃʊd bi ðə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk əv ðə dɪˈfɛns, hi ʃʊd bi ðə ˈtəfəst gaɪ, ˈɛvriˌbɑdi ʃʊd rɪˈspɛkt ɪm, hi ʃʊd goʊ ɪkˈstrimli hɑrd ɔl ðə taɪm ənd bi ˈvoʊkəl. soʊ ðæts kaɪnd əv ðə priˈrɛkwəzət ðət ju lʊk fər wɪn jʊr traɪɪŋ tɪ fɪl ɪn ðət spot.”*.” ɪn 2016 pleɪ ˌɪmˈpruvd æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈsizən ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt ˈɛndɪd du tɪ ə kənˈkəʃən, bət ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ meɪd ɪt klɪr ðət ɪf ɪt flægz əˈgɛn fər ˌwəˈtɛvər ˈrizən, ˈʤɛfərsən wɪl faɪnd hɪmˈsɛlf ɔn ðə bɛnʧ məʧ mɔr kˈwɪkli ðən hi dɪd ɪn ðə pæst. nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ bi, 'ˈmælɪk ˈʤɛfərsən ɪz nɑt pleɪɪŋ wɛl, goʊɪŋ tɪ steɪ ɪn there.’*.’ noʊ, ˈmælɪk ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ɔn ðə bɛnʧ, ənd goʊɪŋ tɪ pʊt ˈsəmˌbɑdi ɪn ðɛr spəˈsɪfɪkli hu fər ðət deɪ ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ pleɪ. kriˈeɪtɪŋ ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ənd ˈstrɛsɪŋ ɪt ˈɛvəri deɪ (wɪn) ju goʊ aʊt ɔn ðət fild. ɑrˈsɛlvz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɛz ˈkoʊʧɪz. biɪŋ ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtəd ˈɛvəri day.”*.” ˈsɑfˌmɔr ˈmælkəm roʊʧ ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈdɪfərənt trænˈzɪʃən ðən ˈheɪgər ɪn ˈmuvɪŋ ˈkloʊzər tɪ ðə ˈfʊtˌbɔl. ˈæftər pleɪɪŋ æt ðə fɑks pəˈzɪʃən læst jɪr, roʊʧ ɪz naʊ æt 270 paʊnz ənd pleɪɪŋ ɛz ə dɪˈfɛnsɪv ɛnd ðət wɪl ˌrikˈwaɪər ɪm tɪ pleɪ laɪnd əp ˈoʊvər ər ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə əˈfɛnsɪv ˈtækəl. soʊ fɑr, ɪt saʊnz laɪk ðə ʧeɪnʤ suts ɪm. wɔʧ ɪm ɪn ˌɪnˈsaɪd rən, ə strɔŋ kid,”*,” ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ sɛd. gɑt səm grɪt tɪ ɪm. ʤɪst ˈpɑlɪʃɪŋ ɪm. stɪl ə jəŋ gaɪ. ʤɪst kənˈtɪnju ɔn laɪk tɪ si ɪm gɪt ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈbɪgər, ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈstrɔŋgər. hæd ə nis ˈkəpəl əv fɔr deɪz raɪt now.”*.” ðə ˈəðər dɪˈfɛnsɪv laɪn ʧeɪnʤ ɪz ðə swɪʧ əv ˈʤunjər krɪs ˈnɛlsən ənd ˈsinjər fɔrd. waɪl fɔrd ˈɔfən pleɪd ðə dɪˈfɛnsɪv ɛnd pəˈzɪʃən læst ˈsizən, muvd ˌɪnˈsaɪd ənd ˈnɛlsən ɪz pleɪɪŋ ˈfərðər ˈaʊtˈsaɪd, wɛr hi hæv tɪ dil wɪθ ɛz ˈmɛni ˈdəbəl timz. ənd ðə ˈmuvmənt əˈməŋ ðə ˈlaɪnˌbækərz kənˈtɪnjud, wɪθ ˈsɑfˌmɔr ˈɛrɪk ˈfaʊlər bæk ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl wɛr hi ˈstɑrtɪd læst ˈsizən ˌbiˈfɔr pleɪɪŋ wət meɪ bi hɪz mɔr ˈnæʧərəl pəˈzɪʃən ɔn ðə ɛʤ. naʊ ðə kˈwɛʃən ɪz ˈwɛðər hi kən dɪˈspleɪ ɪˈnəf tɛkˈnik æt ðə pəˈzɪʃən tɪ meɪk ən ˌɪmˈpækt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, dɪˈskrɪpʃən əv ˈheɪgər ənd waɪ æt ðə pəˈzɪʃən ˈɔlsoʊ fɪts fər ˈfaʊlər, hu həz səm əv ðə seɪm əˈtrɪˌbjuts ɪn tərmz əv hɪz, ˈtəfnəs, ənd ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈmoʊtər. ˌɪnˈdid, ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ ˈmɛnʃənd ˈfaʊlər spəˈsɪfɪkli ɪn ðə ˈərli pɑrt əv hɪz rɪˈspɑns əˈbaʊt ðə ˈmɪdəl ˈlaɪnˌbækər pəˈzɪʃən. ˈminˌwaɪl, məˈkələk ɪz ɔˈrɛdi ðə bæk əp tɪ ˈsinjər juz æt θæŋks tɪ ðə ˈsədən læk əv dɛpθ æt ðət pəˈzɪʃən wɪθ roʊʧ, ˈheɪgər, ənd ˈfaʊlər noʊ ˈlɔŋgər pleɪɪŋ ðɛr. laɪk ˈfaʊlər, məˈkələk pleɪd ɔn ðə ɛʤ ɪn haɪ skul ənd ʃoʊd ən ˈæptəˌtud fər ˈprɛʃərɪŋ ðə kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ənd ˈʤɛnərəli biɪŋ ə ˈnusəns əraʊnd ðə laɪn əv ˈskrɪmɪʤ. ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənˌdɛri, ˈbɑni, ə ˈʤunjər, ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ʧeɪnʤ frəm ˈkɔrnərˌbæk tɪ ˈbaʊndəri ˈseɪfti ˈæftər ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ wɔʧt ɪm ˈstrəgəld æt ˈkɔrnərˌbæk læst ˈsizən. hi θɪŋks ðət ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ənd wɪl sərv ɪm wɛl æt ˈseɪfti, wɛr hi hæv tɪ ˈkəvər ɛz məʧ graʊnd ɔn ðə ʃɔrt saɪd əv ðə fild. ðə pəˈzɪʃən ˈʧeɪnʤɪz prəˈvaɪd ə kəmˈpɛlɪŋ lʊk æt ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ðət ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈtɛksəs dɪˈfɛns ɛz hi riˈbɪldz ɪt ɪn hɪz oʊn ˈɪmɪʤ. ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ðoʊz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz pʊt pleɪərz ɪn ə ˈbɛtər pəˈzɪʃən tɪ səkˈsid wɪl pleɪ ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt roʊl ɪn ðə ˈəpˈsaɪd əv ðə 2017 ˈlɔŋˌhɔrnz dɪˈfɛns. |
virginia ralph northam, a democrat. win images
democrats have lost their lead in a state election that will determine control over the virginia house of delegates. the race is now a tie, and the state board of elections will determine a winner by drawing lots. if democrat shelly simonds wins, democrats will break the chokehold on power in the house. if republican david yancey wins, the will retain unified control of the state legislature.
simonds appeared to have triumphed on tuesday afternoon after a recount determined that she had received to.
(before the recount, yancey led by 10 votes.) but the result remained unofficial until it was certified by a panel. on tuesday night, a republican recount official appointed by side submitted a letter asserting that an additional ambiguous ballot that should have been counted for yancey. on the ballot in question, a voter had filled in the bubbles next to both candidates, but placed a strike through the bubble next to simonds’ name.
#vpbreaking: this is the actual disputed ballot that has now tied the #virginia house district race. the (@virginianpilot) december 20, 2017
initially, the ballot was not counted for either candidate. but the recount official wrote that, upon further after consultation with lawyer trevor decided that the ballot expressed an intent to vote for yancey.
the panel examined the ballot and agreed to count the vote for yancey. their decision made the race a tie,–11,608. under virginia law, if a race is tied, the election board draws lots to determine the winner. no set procedure for drawing lots, but the state board of elections has suggested it will place both names in a small canister, put the canisters in a glass bowl, shake it up, and pull one name out. that candidate will be declared the winner. (in the past, the board has also broken ties by asking a blindfolded person to draw a name from a large cup.)
virginia republican leadership has already claimed that the loser of this process may request a second recount, apparently because the statute governing ties states that “any person who loses the determination by lot may petition for a recount.” however, this provision seems to pertain only to ties following the initial vote tally. a separate statute states: “there shall be only one of the vote in each precinct.” it also notes that “the recount proceeding shall be final and not subject to appeal.” this law would seem to control a situation, like this one, in which a recount results in a tie. thus, whoever loses the drawing of lots should be legally barred from demanding a second recount and would probably see an appeal tossed out. nevertheless, a race this close decided by chance is almost certain to spawn litigation.
if simonds is ultimately victorious, the virginia house will be divided between republicans and democrats. this split will force the parties to enter into a agreement, giving democrats an opportunity to push for medicaid expansion, as well as more influence over judicial selection. (the general assembly elects the judges.)
if simonds loses, incoming democratic gov. ralph northam will have to govern with both houses of the assembly controlled by slim republican majorities. this divided government will not reflect the will of the voters. in november, democratic candidates won the total house vote by nine points. thanks to gerrymandering, their ability to break republicans’ grasp on the house has come down to pure chance. in a democracy, the outcome of a wave election should not depend upon names drawn from a fishbowl. | vərˈʤɪnjə rælf ˈnɔrθəm, ə ˈdɛməˌkræt. wɪn ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈdɛməˌkræts hæv lɔst ðɛr lɛd ɪn ə steɪt ɪˈlɛkʃən ðət wɪl dɪˈtərmən kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ðə vərˈʤɪnjə haʊs əv ˈdɛləˌgeɪts. ðə reɪs ɪz naʊ ə taɪ, ənd ðə steɪt bɔrd əv ɪˈlɛkʃənz wɪl dɪˈtərmən ə ˈwɪnər baɪ drɔɪŋ lɑts. ɪf ˈdɛməˌkræt ˈʃɛli ˈsaɪməndz wɪnz, ˈdɛməˌkræts wɪl breɪk ðə ˈʧoʊˌkhoʊld ɔn paʊər ɪn ðə haʊs. ɪf rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈdeɪvɪd ˈjænsi wɪnz, ðə wɪl rɪˈteɪn ˈjunəˌfaɪd kənˈtroʊl əv ðə steɪt ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪʧər. ˈsaɪməndz əˈpɪrd tɪ hæv traɪəmft ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˌæftərˈnun ˈæftər ə ˌriˈkaʊnt dɪˈtərmənd ðət ʃi hæd rɪˈsivd tɪ (ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌriˈkaʊnt, ˈjænsi lɛd baɪ 10 voʊts.) bət ðə rɪˈzəlt rɪˈmeɪnd ˌənəˈfɪʃəl ənˈtɪl ɪt wɑz ˈsərtəˌfaɪd baɪ ə ˈpænəl. ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ naɪt, ə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌriˈkaʊnt əˈfɪʃəl əˈpɔɪntɪd baɪ saɪd səbˈmɪtəd ə ˈlɛtər əˈsərtɪŋ ðət ən əˈdɪʃənəl æmˈbɪgjuəs ˈbælət ðət ʃʊd hæv bɪn ˈkaʊntɪd fər ˈjænsi. ɔn ðə ˈbælət ɪn kˈwɛʃən, ə ˈvoʊtər hæd fɪld ɪn ðə ˈbəbəlz nɛkst tɪ boʊθ ˈkænədɪts, bət pleɪst ə straɪk θru ðə ˈbəbəl nɛkst tɪ simonds’*’ neɪm. #vpbreaking*: ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈækʧəwəl dɪˈspjutɪd ˈbælət ðət həz naʊ taɪd ðə #vərˈʤɪnjə haʊs ˈdɪstrɪkt reɪs. ðə (@virginianpilot*) dɪˈsɛmbər 20 2017 ˌɪˈnɪʃəli, ðə ˈbælət wɑz nɑt ˈkaʊntɪd fər ˈiðər ˈkænədɪt. bət ðə ˌriˈkaʊnt əˈfɪʃəl roʊt ðət, əˈpɑn ˈfərðər ˈæftər ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən wɪθ ˈlɔjər ˈtrɛvər ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət ðə ˈbælət ɪkˈsprɛst ən ˌɪnˈtɛnt tɪ voʊt fər ˈjænsi. ðə ˈpænəl ɪgˈzæmənd ðə ˈbælət ənd əˈgrid tɪ kaʊnt ðə voʊt fər ˈjænsi. ðɛr dɪˈsɪʒən meɪd ðə reɪs ə taɪ, ˈəndər vərˈʤɪnjə lɔ, ɪf ə reɪs ɪz taɪd, ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən bɔrd drɔz lɑts tɪ dɪˈtərmən ðə ˈwɪnər. noʊ sɛt prəˈsiʤər fər drɔɪŋ lɑts, bət ðə steɪt bɔrd əv ɪˈlɛkʃənz həz səˈʤɛstɪd ɪt wɪl pleɪs boʊθ neɪmz ɪn ə smɔl ˈkænɪstər, pʊt ðə ˈkænɪstərz ɪn ə glæs boʊl, ʃeɪk ɪt əp, ənd pʊl wən neɪm aʊt. ðət ˈkænədɪt wɪl bi dɪˈklɛrd ðə ˈwɪnər. (ɪn ðə pæst, ðə bɔrd həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈbroʊkən taɪz baɪ ˈæskɪŋ ə ˈblaɪndˌfoʊldɪd ˈpərsən tɪ drɔ ə neɪm frəm ə lɑrʤ kəp.) vərˈʤɪnjə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈlidərˌʃɪp həz ɔˈrɛdi kleɪmd ðət ðə ˈluzər əv ðɪs ˈprɔˌsɛs meɪ rɪkˈwɛst ə ˈsɛkənd ˌriˈkaʊnt, əˈpɛrəntli bɪˈkəz ðə ˈstæʧut ˈgəvərnɪŋ taɪz steɪts ðət ˈpərsən hu ˈluzɪz ðə dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən baɪ lɔt meɪ pəˈtɪʃən fər ə recount.”*.” ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɪs prəˈvɪʒən simz tɪ pərˈteɪn ˈoʊnli tɪ taɪz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl voʊt ˈtæli. ə ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈstæʧut steɪts: ʃæl bi ˈoʊnli wən əv ðə voʊt ɪn iʧ precinct.”*.” ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ noʊts ðət ˌriˈkaʊnt prəˈsidɪŋ ʃæl bi ˈfaɪnəl ənd nɑt ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ appeal.”*.” ðɪs lɔ wʊd sim tɪ kənˈtroʊl ə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən, laɪk ðɪs wən, ɪn wɪʧ ə ˌriˈkaʊnt rɪˈzəlts ɪn ə taɪ. ðəs, huˈɛvər ˈluzɪz ðə drɔɪŋ əv lɑts ʃʊd bi ˈligəli bɑrd frəm dɪˈmændɪŋ ə ˈsɛkənd ˌriˈkaʊnt ənd wʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli si ən əˈpil tɔst aʊt. ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, ə reɪs ðɪs kloʊz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd baɪ ʧæns ɪz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈsərtən tɪ spɔn ˌlɪtəˈgeɪʃən. ɪf ˈsaɪməndz ɪz ˈəltəmətli vɪkˈtɔriəs, ðə vərˈʤɪnjə haʊs wɪl bi dɪˈvaɪdɪd bɪtˈwin rɪˈpəblɪkənz ənd ˈdɛməˌkræts. ðɪs splɪt wɪl fɔrs ðə ˈpɑrtiz tɪ ˈɛnər ˈɪntu ə əˈgrimənt, ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈdɛməˌkræts ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ pʊʃ fər ˈmɛdəˌkeɪd ɪkˈspænʧən, ɛz wɛl ɛz mɔr ˈɪnfluəns ˈoʊvər ʤuˈdɪʃəl səˈlɛkʃən. (ðə ˈʤɛnərəl əˈsɛmbli ˌɪˈlɛkts ðə ˈʤəʤɪz.) ɪf ˈsaɪməndz ˈluzɪz, ˈɪnˌkəmɪŋ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk gəv. rælf ˈnɔrθəm wɪl hæv tɪ ˈgəvərn wɪθ boʊθ ˈhaʊsɪz əv ðə əˈsɛmbli kənˈtroʊld baɪ slɪm rɪˈpəblɪkən məˈʤɔrɪtiz. ðɪs dɪˈvaɪdɪd ˈgəvərnmənt wɪl nɑt rɪˈflɛkt ðə wɪl əv ðə ˈvoʊtərz. ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər, ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈkænədɪts wən ðə ˈtoʊtəl haʊs voʊt baɪ naɪn pɔɪnts. θæŋks tɪ ˌʤɛriˈmændərɪŋ, ðɛr əˈbɪləˌti tɪ breɪk republicans’*’ græsp ɔn ðə haʊs həz kəm daʊn tɪ pjʊr ʧæns. ɪn ə dɪˈmɑkrəsi, ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm əv ə weɪv ɪˈlɛkʃən ʃʊd nɑt dɪˈpɛnd əˈpɑn neɪmz drɔn frəm ə ˈfɪʃˌboʊl. |
an afghan policeman stands at the site of a blast in kabul, afghanistan september 13, 2017. ismail
kabul (reuters) - a suicide attack claimed by islamic state near a cricket match in the afghan capital kabul on wednesday killed three people and wounded five.
interior ministry spokesman najib said two of the dead were police officers and the other a civilian.
the blast outside kabul international cricket stadium took place during a match in cricket league, a franchise tournament on the lines of the indian premier league and similar tournaments.
a statement on islamic news agency claimed responsibility for the incident, the latest in a string of suicide attacks in kabul mounted by the group.
the tournament, now in its fifth season, is one of a small number of sports competitions along with afghan premier league football that have grown up since a campaign toppled the taliban in 2001.
a small number of foreign players from countries including south africa, zimbabwe and sri lanka as well as the west indies, are taking part. local news television quoted the afghan cricket board as saying all players were safe.
“sad to hear about the bomb blast during our game outside the stadium. thank god we are all safe,” cameron delport, a south african playing for the boost defenders team, after the match.
cricket, which spread from refugee camps in pakistan, has become one of most popular sports and the national team has become increasingly successful, raising the profile of the game. | ən ˈæfˌgæn pəˈlismən stændz æt ðə saɪt əv ə blæst ɪn ˈkɑbʊl, æfˈgænəˌstæn sɛpˈtɛmbər 13 2017 ˈɪsmeɪl ˈkɑbʊl (ˈrɔɪtərz) ə ˈsuɪˌsaɪd əˈtæk kleɪmd baɪ ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt nɪr ə ˈkrɪkɪt mæʧ ɪn ðə ˈæfˌgæn ˈkæpɪtəl ˈkɑbʊl ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ kɪld θri ˈpipəl ənd ˈwundɪd faɪv. ˌɪnˈtɪriər ˈmɪnɪstri ˈspoʊksmən nəˈʤib sɛd tu əv ðə dɛd wər pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz ənd ðə ˈəðər ə səˈvɪljən. ðə blæst ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈkɑbʊl ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈkrɪkɪt ˈsteɪdiəm tʊk pleɪs ˈdʊrɪŋ ə mæʧ ɪn ˈkrɪkɪt lig, ə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz ˈtʊrnəmənt ɔn ðə laɪnz əv ðə ˈɪndiən prɛˈmɪr lig ənd ˈsɪmələr ˈtərnəmənts. ə ˈsteɪtmənt ɔn ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk nuz ˈeɪʤənsi kleɪmd riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ðə ˈɪnsədənt, ðə ˈleɪtəst ɪn ə strɪŋ əv ˈsuɪˌsaɪd əˈtæks ɪn ˈkɑbʊl ˈmaʊnɪd baɪ ðə grup. ðə ˈtʊrnəmənt, naʊ ɪn ɪts fɪθ ˈsizən, ɪz wən əv ə smɔl ˈnəmbər əv spɔrts ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃənz əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈæfˌgæn prɛˈmɪr lig ˈfʊtˌbɔl ðət hæv groʊn əp sɪns ə kæmˈpeɪn ˈtɑpəld ðə ˈtælɪˌbæn ɪn 2001 ə smɔl ˈnəmbər əv ˈfɔrən pleɪərz frəm ˈkəntriz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ, zɪmˈbɑbweɪ ənd ˈɛˈsɑˈraɪ ˈlæŋkə ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə wɛst ˈɪndiz, ər ˈteɪkɪŋ pɑrt. ˈloʊkəl nuz ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən kˈwoʊtɪd ðə ˈæfˌgæn ˈkrɪkɪt bɔrd ɛz seɪɪŋ ɔl pleɪərz wər seɪf. tɪ hir əˈbaʊt ðə bɔm blæst ˈdʊrɪŋ ɑr geɪm ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈsteɪdiəm. θæŋk gɑd wi ər ɔl safe,”*,” ˈkæmərən delport*, ə saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑn pleɪɪŋ fər ðə bust dɪˈfɛndərz tim, ˈæftər ðə mæʧ. ˈkrɪkɪt, wɪʧ sprɛd frəm ˈrɛfjuʤi kæmps ɪn ˈpækɪˌstæn, həz bɪˈkəm wən əv moʊst ˈpɑpjələr spɔrts ənd ðə ˈnæʃənəl tim həz bɪˈkəm ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli səkˈsɛsfəl, ˈreɪzɪŋ ðə ˈproʊˌfaɪl əv ðə geɪm. |
× ‘i move’ new study documents what happens to patients who wake up during surgery
(cnn) “i was awake but paralyzed,” says carol as she recalls undergoing eye surgery in 1998.
“i could hear the surgeon telling his trainee to ‘cut deeper into the eye,'” she says. “i was screaming, but no one could hear me. i felt no pain, just a tugging sensation. i tried to move my toes or even push myself off the operating table, but i move. i thought i was dying.”
the reston, virginia, resident inadvertently woke up during surgery, an infrequent phenomenon called “accidental awareness during general anesthesia.” been struggling with post-traumatic stress disorder ever since.
“i’ve had to sleep in a recliner for the last 16 years,” says. “if i lie flat, i get flashbacks of the operating table and i start violently thrashing.”
fortunately, anesthetic awareness is rare. but new research is shedding light onto risk factors and the devastating psychological effects the phenomenon can have on patients who experience it, especially those who are awake and paralyzed.
the numbers
according to the largest study of its kind recently published in the journal anaesthesia in which researchers surveyed more than 3 million patients who received general anesthesia in the united kingdom and ireland roughly one in patients “accidentally” wakes up during surgery.
previous studies in the united states reported a far higher rate of one in surgical patients. however, cases of anesthetic awareness in the new study were reported voluntarily by patients, which could misrepresent the true number. researchers did find that certain surgeries requiring “lighter” anesthesia, like emergency c-sections, carried a higher risk a rate of one in 670.
most incidents of anesthetic awareness occurred among patients who had received as part of their anesthetic cocktail presumably since they move to alert doctors to the fact they were regaining consciousness.
contrary to folklore, awareness was most likely to occur when patients were being put to sleep before surgery started or after the surgery had ended not when the surgeon was actually operating.
patients described a range of sensations, including choking, paralysis, pain, hallucinations, and experiences. most episodes were short-lived, with 75% of them lasting under five minutes.
despite this, nearly half of all patients who were conscious during surgery had long-term psychological consequences such as and depression.
among the symptoms experienced during the event, paralysis was the most distressing to patients more so than pain, says professor pandit, consultant anesthetist at oxford university hospitals and lead author of the study.
“paralysis is terrifying and has never been experienced by most people,” pandit says.
in the united states, more than 21 million patients receive general anesthesia. experts estimate that roughly of these patients experience anesthetic awareness. even if we applied the relatively low rate found in this new study, at least americans each year would still wake up during surgery.
and “even one is too many,” says dr. daniel cole, vice president of the american society of anesthesiologists.
anesthetic awareness
general anesthesia involves a drug concoction that renders you unconscious, takes away your pain, and induces amnesia. a paralytic is often added to ease the insertion of a breathing tube, prevent patients from moving, and allow surgeons to operate in areas that are inaccessible when muscles are tense.
anesthetic awareness occurs when the amount of anesthesia is insufficient to suppress human consciousness, cole says. and certain surgeries where lower doses of anesthesia are required carry a higher risk.
emergency c-sections, for instance, necessitate lower doses of anesthetic to prevent harm to the baby. lower doses are required, also, during cardiac and emergency trauma surgeries, since large doses could push these medically fragile patients over the edge, cole says.
but anesthetic awareness really becomes an issue when are used, pandit says, since patients move to let doctors know regaining consciousness. doctors must instead rely on subtle, often unreliable, methods of monitoring consciousness.
for instance, increases in heart rate and blood pressure may signal to doctors that a patient is stressed and possibly awake. but drugs given before or during the operation could block the stress response. also, though doctors continuously measure the level of anesthetic gas in lungs to ensure appropriate dosage, the gas may affect each person differently, pandit says.
brain monitors, which track electrical activity in the brain, have been touted as a potential solution to the problem. doctors can use the monitors to keep brain activity below a certain threshold during surgery. but some studies have shown a benefit, while others have shown no reduction in the rate of anesthetic awareness when brain monitors are used, pandit says.
this uncertainty has prevented the widespread implementation of brain monitors across the united states and has led the asa to recommend that the monitors only be used on a basis in patients.
without foolproof methods of assessing consciousness in paralyzed patients, inevitable that some cases of anesthetic awareness are only recognized after surgery once the patient can communicate what happened.
still, more can be done to prevent anesthetic awareness, says pandit.
nerve stimulators, which measure the extent of paralysis, should be used throughout surgery to ensure that doctors only use the minimum amount of paralytic required, pandit says. this would still give patients the ability to move if they started to wake up.
also, educating patients about anesthetic awareness prior to surgery is crucial, says pandit.
“patients who were told about awareness before surgery were prepared and not distressed when they experienced it,” he says.
cole recommends that doctors discuss the possibility of awareness only with patients who are at high risk or when patients themselves raise questions about the topic.
there’s a concerted effort to educate doctors as well. education about anesthetic awareness is a mandatory part of residency training, board certification, and annual meetings, cole says. the asa also maintains a database of all awareness cases to allow doctors to better understand what went wrong.
the aftermath
when anesthetic awareness does occur, doctors need to be more proactive in supporting patients, pandit says.
“we dismiss the concerns of these patients. we need to offer immediate treatment to avoid long-term psychological harm.”
parents like kristen whose son experienced anesthetic awareness when he underwent tonsil surgery four years ago agree more. kristen lives in new york but want to disclose the last name to protect her privacy.
“the surgery went as planned,” kristen says. but after leaving hospital it became clear that something was wrong. “our behavior was very odd. he had severe separation anxiety.”
kristen took her son to multiple therapists, all of who attributed her behavior to being a “difficult child.” it was a year later when kristen and her husband, a neurosurgeon, got to the bottom of what had happened.
“our son began to speak about his experience of being awake during surgery. he remembered what the surgeon looked like and the sensation of the surgery itself,” kristen says.
her son was particularly distressed by the memory of being unable to move.
therapists were bewildered that son, who now suffers from, had such vivid memories of the surgery. he has nightmares, flashbacks, and extreme anxiety from triggers in everyday life, kristen says. “this has been a event for us.”
anesthetic awareness a myth, kristen says. “if it for the fact that my husband was a doctor, not sure have realized what happened to our son or received the support that we did,” she says.
for, the eye surgery patient, early support could have made all the difference.
“none of the doctors thought it was a big deal. my anesthetist told me, ‘at least you hurt, worry,'” she says.
“we place so much emphasis on among our veterans, who witness death on the battle field. but many patients with anesthetic awareness have experiences and feel like they died over and over again. their support?” | ×* move’*’ nu ˈstədi ˈdɑkjəmənts wət ˈhæpənz tɪ ˈpeɪʃənz hu weɪk əp ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsərʤəri (ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn) wɑz əˈweɪk bət paralyzed,”*,” sɪz ˈkɛrəl ɛz ʃi ˈriˌkɔlz ˌəndərˈgoʊɪŋ aɪ ˈsərʤəri ɪn 1998 kʊd hir ðə ˈsərʤɪn ˈtɛlɪŋ hɪz ˈtreɪˈni tɪ ˈdipər ˈɪntu ðə eye,'”*,'” ʃi sɪz. wɑz ˈskrimɪŋ, bət noʊ wən kʊd hir mi. aɪ fɛlt noʊ peɪn, ʤɪst ə ˈtəgɪŋ sɛnˈseɪʃən. aɪ traɪd tɪ muv maɪ toʊz ər ˈivɪn pʊʃ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ɔf ðə ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈteɪbəl, bət aɪ muv. aɪ θɔt aɪ wɑz dying.”*.” ðə ˈrɛstən, vərˈʤɪnjə, ˈrɛzɪdənt ˌɪnədˈvərtəntli woʊk əp ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsərʤəri, ən ˌɪnˈfrikwənt fəˈnɑməˌnɑn kɔld əˈwɛrnəs ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈʤɛnərəl anesthesia.”*.” bɪn ˈstrəgəlɪŋ wɪθ ˌpoʊstrɔˈmætɪk strɛs dɪˈsɔrdər ˈɛvər sɪns. hæd tɪ slip ɪn ə rɪˈklaɪnər fər ðə læst 16 years,”*,” sɪz. aɪ laɪ flæt, aɪ gɪt ˈflæʃˌbæks əv ðə ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈteɪbəl ənd aɪ stɑrt ˈvaɪələntli thrashing.”*.” ˈfɔrʧənətli, ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs ɪz rɛr. bət nu ˈrisərʧ ɪz ˈʃɛdɪŋ laɪt ˈɔntu rɪsk ˈfæktərz ənd ðə ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈifɛkts ðə fəˈnɑməˌnɑn kən hæv ɔn ˈpeɪʃənz hu ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪt, əˈspɛʃəli ðoʊz hu ər əˈweɪk ənd ˈpɛrəˌlaɪzd. ðə ˈnəmbərz əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˈstədi əv ɪts kaɪnd ˈrisəntli ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈʤərnəl ˌænɪsˈθiˌʒiə ɪn wɪʧ ˈrisərʧərz ˈsərˌveɪd mɔr ðən 3 ˈmɪljən ˈpeɪʃənz hu rɪˈsivd ˈʤɛnərəl ˌænɪsˈθiˌʒiə ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm ənd ˈaɪərlənd ˈrəfli wən ɪn ˈpeɪʃənz ““accidentally”*” weɪks əp ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsərʤəri. ˈpriviəs ˈstədiz ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˌriˈpɔrtəd ə fɑr haɪər reɪt əv wən ɪn ˈsərʤɪkəl ˈpeɪʃənz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈkeɪsɪz əv ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs ɪn ðə nu ˈstədi wər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˌvɑlənˈtɛrəli baɪ ˈpeɪʃənz, wɪʧ kʊd mɪsˌrɛprəˈzɛnt ðə tru ˈnəmbər. ˈrisərʧərz dɪd faɪnd ðət ˈsərtən ˈsərʤəriz rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ““lighter”*” ˌænɪsˈθiˌʒiə, laɪk ˈimərʤənsi c-sections*, ˈkɛrid ə haɪər rɪsk ə reɪt əv wən ɪn 670 moʊst ˈɪnsədənts əv ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs əˈkərd əˈməŋ ˈpeɪʃənz hu hæd rɪˈsivd ɛz pɑrt əv ðɛr ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk ˈkɑkˌteɪl prɪˈzuməbli sɪns ðeɪ muv tɪ əˈlərt ˈdɑktərz tɪ ðə fækt ðeɪ wər rɪˈgeɪnɪŋ ˈkɑnʃəsnəs. ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ˈfoʊˌklɔr, əˈwɛrnəs wɑz moʊst ˈlaɪkli tɪ əˈkər wɪn ˈpeɪʃənz wər biɪŋ pʊt tɪ slip ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsərʤəri ˈstɑrtɪd ər ˈæftər ðə ˈsərʤəri hæd ˈɛndɪd nɑt wɪn ðə ˈsərʤɪn wɑz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ. ˈpeɪʃənz dɪˈskraɪbd ə reɪnʤ əv sɛnˈseɪʃənz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈʧoʊkɪŋ, pərˈælɪsɪs, peɪn, həˌlusəˈneɪʃənz, ənd ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz. moʊst ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz wər ˌʃɔrˈtlɪvd, wɪθ 75 əv ðɛm ˈlæstɪŋ ˈəndər faɪv ˈmɪnəts. dɪˈspaɪt ðɪs, ˈnɪrli hæf əv ɔl ˈpeɪʃənz hu wər ˈkɑnʃəs ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsərʤəri hæd ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz səʧ ɛz ənd dɪˈprɛʃən. əˈməŋ ðə ˈsɪmptəmz ɪkˈspɪriənst ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ɪˈvɛnt, pərˈælɪsɪs wɑz ðə moʊst dɪˈstrɛsɪŋ tɪ ˈpeɪʃənz mɔr soʊ ðən peɪn, sɪz prəˈfɛsər ˈpəndət, kənˈsəltənt əˈnɛsθɛtɪst æt ˈɑksfərd ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz ənd lɛd ˈɔθər əv ðə ˈstədi. ɪz ˈtɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ ənd həz ˈnɛvər bɪn ɪkˈspɪriənst baɪ moʊst people,”*,” ˈpəndət sɪz. ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, mɔr ðən 21 ˈmɪljən ˈpeɪʃənz rɪˈsiv ˈʤɛnərəl ˌænɪsˈθiˌʒiə. ˈɛkspərts ˈɛstəˌmeɪt ðət ˈrəfli əv ðiz ˈpeɪʃənz ɪkˈspɪriəns ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs. ˈivɪn ɪf wi əˈplaɪd ðə ˈrɛlətɪvli loʊ reɪt faʊnd ɪn ðɪs nu ˈstədi, æt list əˈmɛrɪkənz iʧ jɪr wʊd stɪl weɪk əp ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsərʤəri. ənd wən ɪz tu many,”*,” sɪz ˈdɑktər. ˈdænjəl koʊl, vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən soʊˈsaɪɪti əv ˌænəsˌθiziˈɑləʤɪsts. ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs ˈʤɛnərəl ˌænɪsˈθiˌʒiə ˌɪnˈvɑlvz ə drəg kənˈkɑkʃən ðət ˈrɛndərz ju ˌənˈkɑnʃəs, teɪks əˈweɪ jʊr peɪn, ənd ˌɪnˈdusɪz æmˈniʒə. ə ˌpɛrəˈlɪtɪk ɪz ˈɔfən ˈædɪd tɪ iz ðə ˌɪnˈsərʃən əv ə ˈbriðɪŋ tub, prɪˈvɛnt ˈpeɪʃənz frəm ˈmuvɪŋ, ənd əˈlaʊ ˈsərʤənz tɪ ˈɔpərˌeɪt ɪn ˈɛriəz ðət ər ˌɪnəkˈsɛsəbəl wɪn ˈməsəlz ər tɛns. ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs əˈkərz wɪn ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˌænɪsˈθiˌʒiə ɪz ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt tɪ səˈprɛs ˈjumən ˈkɑnʃəsnəs, koʊl sɪz. ənd ˈsərtən ˈsərʤəriz wɛr loʊər ˈdoʊsɪz əv ˌænɪsˈθiˌʒiə ər rikˈwaɪərd ˈkɛri ə haɪər rɪsk. ˈimərʤənsi c-sections*, fər ˈɪnstəns, nəˈsɛsəˌteɪt loʊər ˈdoʊsɪz əv ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk tɪ prɪˈvɛnt hɑrm tɪ ðə ˈbeɪbi. loʊər ˈdoʊsɪz ər rikˈwaɪərd, ˈɔlsoʊ, ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈkɑrdiˌæk ənd ˈimərʤənsi ˈtrɔmə ˈsərʤəriz, sɪns lɑrʤ ˈdoʊsɪz kʊd pʊʃ ðiz ˈmɛdɪkəli ˈfræʤəl ˈpeɪʃənz ˈoʊvər ðə ɛʤ, koʊl sɪz. bət ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs ˈrɪli bɪˈkəmz ən ˈɪʃu wɪn ər juzd, ˈpəndət sɪz, sɪns ˈpeɪʃənz muv tɪ lɛt ˈdɑktərz noʊ rɪˈgeɪnɪŋ ˈkɑnʃəsnəs. ˈdɑktərz məst ˌɪnˈstɛd rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ˈsətəl, ˈɔfən ˌənrɪˈlaɪəbəl, ˈmɛθədz əv ˈmɑnətərɪŋ ˈkɑnʃəsnəs. fər ˈɪnstəns, ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ɪn hɑrt reɪt ənd bləd ˈprɛʃər meɪ ˈsɪgnəl tɪ ˈdɑktərz ðət ə ˈpeɪʃənt ɪz strɛst ənd ˈpɑsəbli əˈweɪk. bət drəgz ˈgɪvɪn ˌbiˈfɔr ər ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən kʊd blɑk ðə strɛs rɪˈspɑns. ˈɔlsoʊ, ðoʊ ˈdɑktərz kənˈtɪnjuəsli ˈmɛʒər ðə ˈlɛvəl əv ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk gæs ɪn ləŋz tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ˈdoʊsɪʤ, ðə gæs meɪ əˈfɛkt iʧ ˈpərsən ˈdɪfərˈɛntli, ˈpəndət sɪz. breɪn ˈmɑnətərz, wɪʧ træk ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti ɪn ðə breɪn, hæv bɪn ˈtaʊtɪd ɛz ə pəˈtɛnʃəl səˈluʃən tɪ ðə ˈprɑbləm. ˈdɑktərz kən juz ðə ˈmɑnətərz tɪ kip breɪn ækˈtɪvɪti bɪˈloʊ ə ˈsərtən θˈrɛˌʃoʊld ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsərʤəri. bət səm ˈstədiz hæv ʃoʊn ə ˈbɛnəfɪt, waɪl ˈəðərz hæv ʃoʊn noʊ rɪˈdəkʃən ɪn ðə reɪt əv ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs wɪn breɪn ˈmɑnətərz ər juzd, ˈpəndət sɪz. ðɪs ənˈsərtənti həz prɪˈvɛnɪd ðə ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən əv breɪn ˈmɑnətərz əˈkrɔs ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd həz lɛd ðə ˈɑsə tɪ ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd ðət ðə ˈmɑnətərz ˈoʊnli bi juzd ɔn ə ˈbeɪsɪs ɪn ˈpeɪʃənz. wɪˈθaʊt ˈfulˌpruf ˈmɛθədz əv əˈsɛsɪŋ ˈkɑnʃəsnəs ɪn ˈpɛrəˌlaɪzd ˈpeɪʃənz, ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl ðət səm ˈkeɪsɪz əv ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs ər ˈoʊnli ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd ˈæftər ˈsərʤəri wəns ðə ˈpeɪʃənt kən kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt wət ˈhæpənd. stɪl, mɔr kən bi dən tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs, sɪz ˈpəndət. nərv ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtərz, wɪʧ ˈmɛʒər ðə ɪkˈstɛnt əv pərˈælɪsɪs, ʃʊd bi juzd θruaʊt ˈsərʤəri tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ˈdɑktərz ˈoʊnli juz ðə ˈmɪnəməm əˈmaʊnt əv ˌpɛrəˈlɪtɪk rikˈwaɪərd, ˈpəndət sɪz. ðɪs wʊd stɪl gɪv ˈpeɪʃənz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ muv ɪf ðeɪ ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ weɪk əp. ˈɔlsoʊ, ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtɪŋ ˈpeɪʃənz əˈbaʊt ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs praɪər tɪ ˈsərʤəri ɪz ˈkruʃəl, sɪz ˈpəndət. hu wər toʊld əˈbaʊt əˈwɛrnəs ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsərʤəri wər priˈpɛrd ənd nɑt dɪˈstrɛst wɪn ðeɪ ɪkˈspɪriənst it,”*,” hi sɪz. koʊl ˌrɛkəˈmɛndz ðət ˈdɑktərz dɪˈskəs ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv əˈwɛrnəs ˈoʊnli wɪθ ˈpeɪʃənz hu ər æt haɪ rɪsk ər wɪn ˈpeɪʃənz ðɛmˈsɛlvz reɪz kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈtɑpɪk. ə kənˈsərtɪd ˈɛfərt tɪ ˈɛʤəˌkeɪt ˈdɑktərz ɛz wɛl. ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs ɪz ə ˈmændəˌtɔri pɑrt əv ˈrɛzɪdənsi ˈtreɪnɪŋ, bɔrd ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃən, ənd ˈænjuəl ˈmitɪŋz, koʊl sɪz. ðə ˈɑsə ˈɔlsoʊ meɪnˈteɪnz ə ˈdætəˌbeɪs əv ɔl əˈwɛrnəs ˈkeɪsɪz tɪ əˈlaʊ ˈdɑktərz tɪ ˈbɛtər ˌəndərˈstænd wət wɛnt rɔŋ. ðə ˈæftərˌmæθ wɪn ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs dɪz əˈkər, ˈdɑktərz nid tɪ bi mɔr ˌproʊˈæktɪv ɪn səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈpeɪʃənz, ˈpəndət sɪz. dɪsˈmɪs ðə kənˈsərnz əv ðiz ˈpeɪʃənz. wi nid tɪ ˈɔfər ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈtritmənt tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl harm.”*.” ˈpɛrənts laɪk ˈkrɪstən huz sən ɪkˈspɪriənst ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs wɪn hi ˌəndərˈwɛnt ˈtɑnsɪl ˈsərʤəri fɔr jɪrz əˈgoʊ əˈgri mɔr. ˈkrɪstən lɪvz ɪn nu jɔrk bət wɔnt tɪ dɪˈskloʊz ðə læst neɪm tɪ prəˈtɛkt hər ˈpraɪvəsi. ˈsərʤəri wɛnt ɛz planned,”*,” ˈkrɪstən sɪz. bət ˈæftər ˈlivɪŋ ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ɪt bɪˈkeɪm klɪr ðət ˈsəmθɪŋ wɑz rɔŋ. bɪˈheɪvjər wɑz ˈvɛri ɑd. hi hæd səˈvɪr ˌsɛpərˈeɪʃən anxiety.”*.” ˈkrɪstən tʊk hər sən tɪ ˈməltəpəl ˈθɛrəpɪsts, ɔl əv hu əˈtrɪbjətəd hər bɪˈheɪvjər tɪ biɪŋ ə child.”*.” ɪt wɑz ə jɪr ˈleɪtər wɪn ˈkrɪstən ənd hər ˈhəzbənd, ə ˈnʊroʊˌsərʤən, gɑt tɪ ðə ˈbɑtəm əv wət hæd ˈhæpənd. sən bɪˈgæn tɪ spik əˈbaʊt hɪz ɪkˈspɪriəns əv biɪŋ əˈweɪk ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsərʤəri. hi rɪˈmɛmbərd wət ðə ˈsərʤɪn lʊkt laɪk ənd ðə sɛnˈseɪʃən əv ðə ˈsərʤəri itself,”*,” ˈkrɪstən sɪz. hər sən wɑz ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli dɪˈstrɛst baɪ ðə ˈmɛməri əv biɪŋ əˈneɪbəl tɪ muv. ˈθɛrəpɪsts wər bɪˈwɪldərd ðət sən, hu naʊ ˈsəfərz frəm, hæd səʧ ˈvɪvɪd ˈmɛməriz əv ðə ˈsərʤəri. hi həz ˈnaɪtˌmɛrz, ˈflæʃˌbæks, ənd ɪkˈstrim æŋˈzaɪəti frəm ˈtrɪgərz ɪn ˈɛvriˈdeɪ laɪf, ˈkrɪstən sɪz. həz bɪn ə ɪˈvɛnt fər us.”*.” ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs ə mɪθ, ˈkrɪstən sɪz. ɪt fər ðə fækt ðət maɪ ˈhəzbənd wɑz ə ˈdɔktər, nɑt ʃʊr hæv ˈriəˌlaɪzd wət ˈhæpənd tɪ ɑr sən ər rɪˈsivd ðə səˈpɔrt ðət wi did,”*,” ʃi sɪz. fər, ðə aɪ ˈsərʤəri ˈpeɪʃənt, ˈərli səˈpɔrt kʊd hæv meɪd ɔl ðə ˈdɪfərəns. əv ðə ˈdɑktərz θɔt ɪt wɑz ə bɪg dil. maɪ əˈnɛsθɛtɪst toʊld mi, list ju hərt, worry,'”*,'” ʃi sɪz. pleɪs soʊ məʧ ˈɛmfəsɪs ɔn əˈməŋ ɑr ˈvɛtərənz, hu ˈwɪtnəs dɛθ ɔn ðə ˈbætəl fild. bət ˈmɛni ˈpeɪʃənz wɪθ ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk əˈwɛrnəs hæv ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ənd fil laɪk ðeɪ daɪd ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər əˈgɛn. ðɛr support?”*?” |
during thursday's debate, republican frontrunner donald trump said that the answer to america's gun problem is, well, more guns: "i am a second amendment person. if we had guns in california on the other side where the bullets went in the different direction, you wouldn't have 14 or 15 people dead right now. if even in paris, if they had guns on the other side going in the opposite direction, you wouldn't have 130 people plus dead."
trump was articulating the "good guy with a gun" myth: the idea that the answer to shootings like those in san bernardino, california, and paris is having more people with guns to stop violent perpetrators.
but the research clearly shows that trump is wrong. time and time again, the empirical research has found that more guns lead to more gun deaths, and that the easy access to guns in fact contributes to gun homicides.
more guns mean more gun deaths
the theory behind the mantra of "a good guy with a gun" is that more people should be armed so they can be ready to defend themselves and others from an active shooter.
but the research suggests that's plainly false: when there are more guns and gun owners, there are far more gun deaths. studies have found this to be true again and again for homicides, suicides, domestic violence, and violence against police.
here's one chart, from a 2007 study by harvard school of public health researchers, showing the correlation between statewide firearm homicide victimization rates and household gun ownership after controlling for robbery rates:
a more recent study from 2013, led by a boston university school of public health researcher, reached similar conclusions: after controlling for multiple variables, the study found that a 1 percent increase in gun ownership correlated with a roughly percent rise in the firearm homicide rate at the state level.
this holds up around the world. as zack beauchamp explained, a breakthrough analysis in the by berkeley's franklin and gordon hawkins found that the us does not, contrary to the old conventional wisdom, have more crime in general than other western industrial nations. instead, the us appears to have more lethal violence and that's driven in large part by the prevalence of guns.
"a series of specific comparisons of the death rates from property crime and assault in new york city and london show how enormous differences in death risk can be explained even while general patterns are similar," and hawkins wrote. "a preference for crimes of personal force and the willingness and ability to use guns in robbery make similar levels of property crime 54 times as deadly in new york city as in london."
the us appears to have more lethal violence and that's driven in large part by the prevalence of guns
this is, in many ways, intuitive: the prevalence of guns can cause petty arguments and conflicts to escalate into deadly encounters. people of every country get into arguments and fights with friends, family, and peers. but in the us, it's much more likely that someone will get angry during an argument, pull out a gun, and kill someone.
these three studies aren't the only ones to reach similar conclusions. multiple reviews of the research, including the harvard injury control research center's aggregation of the evidence, have consistently found a correlation between gun ownership and gun deaths after controlling for other factors.
so chances are a good guy with a gun will not stop a bad guy with a gun. in fact, trying to produce more good guys with guns could make gun deaths far, far more frequent.
watch: america's biggest gun problem is the one we don't talk about | ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈθərzˌdeɪz dəˈbeɪt, rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈfrənˌtrənər ˈdɑnəld trəmp sɛd ðət ðə ˈænsər tɪ əˈmɛrɪkəz gən ˈprɑbləm ɪz, wɛl, mɔr gənz: "aɪ æm ə ˈsɛkənd əˈmɛndmənt ˈpərsən. ɪf wi hæd gənz ɪn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ɔn ðə ˈəðər saɪd wɛr ðə ˈbʊləts wɛnt ɪn ðə ˈdɪfərənt dɪˈrɛkʃɪn, ju ˈwʊdənt hæv 14 ər 15 ˈpipəl dɛd raɪt naʊ. ɪf ˈivɪn ɪn ˈpɛrɪs, ɪf ðeɪ hæd gənz ɔn ðə ˈəðər saɪd goʊɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈɑpəzɪt dɪˈrɛkʃɪn, ju ˈwʊdənt hæv 130 ˈpipəl pləs dɛd." trəmp wɑz ɑrˈtɪkjəˌleɪtɪŋ ðə "gʊd gaɪ wɪθ ə gən" mɪθ: ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ðə ˈænsər tɪ ˈʃutɪŋz laɪk ðoʊz ɪn sæn ˌbərnɑrˈdinoʊ, ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, ənd ˈpɛrɪs ɪz ˈhævɪŋ mɔr ˈpipəl wɪθ gənz tɪ stɑp ˈvaɪələnt ˈpərpəˌtreɪtərz. bət ðə ˈrisərʧ ˈklɪrli ʃoʊz ðət trəmp ɪz rɔŋ. taɪm ənd taɪm əˈgɛn, ðə ˌɛmˈpɪrɪkəl ˈrisərʧ həz faʊnd ðət mɔr gənz lɛd tɪ mɔr gən dɛθs, ənd ðət ðə ˈizi ˈækˌsɛs tɪ gənz ɪn fækt kənˈtrɪbjuts tɪ gən ˈhɑməˌsaɪdz. mɔr gənz min mɔr gən dɛθs ðə ˈθɪri bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ˈmæntrə əv "ə gʊd gaɪ wɪθ ə gən" ɪz ðət mɔr ˈpipəl ʃʊd bi ɑrmd soʊ ðeɪ kən bi ˈrɛdi tɪ dɪˈfɛnd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ənd ˈəðərz frəm ən ˈæktɪv ˈʃutər. bət ðə ˈrisərʧ səˈʤɛsts ðæts ˈpleɪnli fɔls: wɪn ðɛr ər mɔr gənz ənd gən ˈoʊnərz, ðɛr ər fɑr mɔr gən dɛθs. ˈstədiz hæv faʊnd ðɪs tɪ bi tru əˈgɛn ənd əˈgɛn fər ˈhɑməˌsaɪdz, ˈsuəˌsaɪdz, dəˈmɛstɪk ˈvaɪələns, ənd ˈvaɪələns əˈgɛnst pəˈlis. hɪrz wən ʧɑrt, frəm ə 2007 ˈstədi baɪ ˈhɑrvərd skul əv ˈpəblɪk hɛlθ ˈrisərʧərz, ʃoʊɪŋ ðə ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən bɪtˈwin ˈsteɪtˌwaɪd ˈfaɪˌrɑrm ˈhɑməˌsaɪd ˌvɪktəməˈzeɪʃən reɪts ənd ˈhaʊsˌhoʊld gən ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp ˈæftər kənˈtroʊlɪŋ fər ˈrɑbəri reɪts: ə mɔr ˈrisənt ˈstədi frəm 2013 lɛd baɪ ə ˈbɔstən ˌjunəˈvərsəti skul əv ˈpəblɪk hɛlθ ˈrisərʧər, riʧt ˈsɪmələr kənˈkluʒənz: ˈæftər kənˈtroʊlɪŋ fər ˈməltəpəl ˈvɛriəbəlz, ðə ˈstədi faʊnd ðət ə 1 pərˈsɛnt ˌɪnˈkris ɪn gən ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp ˈkɔrəˌleɪtəd wɪθ ə ˈrəfli pərˈsɛnt raɪz ɪn ðə ˈfaɪˌrɑrm ˈhɑməˌsaɪd reɪt æt ðə steɪt ˈlɛvəl. ðɪs hoʊldz əp əraʊnd ðə wərld. ɛz zæk ˈboʊˌʃɑmp ɪkˈspleɪnd, ə ˈbreɪkθˌru æˈnælɪsɪs ɪn ðə baɪ ˈbərkliz ˈfræŋklɪn ənd ˈgɔrdən ˈhɔkɪnz faʊnd ðət ðə ˈjuˈɛs dɪz nɑt, ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ðə oʊld kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˈwɪzdəm, hæv mɔr kraɪm ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl ðən ˈəðər ˈwɛstərn ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈneɪʃənz. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ðə ˈjuˈɛs əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv mɔr ˈliθəl ˈvaɪələns ənd ðæts ˈdrɪvən ɪn lɑrʤ pɑrt baɪ ðə ˈprɛvələns əv gənz. "ə ˈsɪriz əv spɪˈsɪfɪk kəmˈpɛrəsənz əv ðə dɛθ reɪts frəm ˈprɑpərti kraɪm ənd əˈsɔlt ɪn nu jɔrk ˈsɪti ənd ˈləndən ʃoʊ haʊ ɪˈnɔrmɪs ˈdɪfərənsɪz ɪn dɛθ rɪsk kən bi ɪkˈspleɪnd ˈivɪn waɪl ˈʤɛnərəl ˈpætərnz ər ˈsɪmələr," ənd ˈhɔkɪnz roʊt. "ə ˈprɛfərəns fər kraɪmz əv ˈpərsɪnəl fɔrs ənd ðə ˈwɪlɪŋnəs ənd əˈbɪləˌti tɪ juz gənz ɪn ˈrɑbəri meɪk ˈsɪmələr ˈlɛvəlz əv ˈprɑpərti kraɪm 54 taɪmz ɛz ˈdɛdli ɪn nu jɔrk ˈsɪti ɛz ɪn ˈləndən." ðə ˈjuˈɛs əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv mɔr ˈliθəl ˈvaɪələns ənd ðæts ˈdrɪvən ɪn lɑrʤ pɑrt baɪ ðə ˈprɛvələns əv gənz ðɪs ɪz, ɪn ˈmɛni weɪz, ˌɪnˈtuətɪv: ðə ˈprɛvələns əv gənz kən kɔz ˈpɛˌti ˈɑrgjəmənts ənd ˈkɑnflɪkts tɪ ˈɛskəˌleɪt ˈɪntu ˈdɛdli ɪnˈkaʊnərz. ˈpipəl əv ˈɛvəri ˈkəntri gɪt ˈɪntu ˈɑrgjəmənts ənd faɪts wɪθ frɛndz, ˈfæməli, ənd pɪrz. bət ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs, ɪts məʧ mɔr ˈlaɪkli ðət ˈsəmˌwən wɪl gɪt ˈæŋgri ˈdʊrɪŋ ən ˈɑrgjəmənt, pʊl aʊt ə gən, ənd kɪl ˈsəmˌwən. ðiz θri ˈstədiz ˈɑrənt ðə ˈoʊnli wənz tɪ riʧ ˈsɪmələr kənˈkluʒənz. ˈməltəpəl rəvˈjuz əv ðə ˈrisərʧ, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈhɑrvərd ˈɪnʤəri kənˈtroʊl ˈrisərʧ ˈsɛnərz ˌægrəˈgeɪʃən əv ðə ˈɛvədəns, hæv kənˈsɪstəntli faʊnd ə ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən bɪtˈwin gən ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp ənd gən dɛθs ˈæftər kənˈtroʊlɪŋ fər ˈəðər ˈfæktərz. soʊ ˈʧænsɪz ər ə gʊd gaɪ wɪθ ə gən wɪl nɑt stɑp ə bæd gaɪ wɪθ ə gən. ɪn fækt, traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈproʊdus mɔr gʊd gaɪz wɪθ gənz kʊd meɪk gən dɛθs fɑr, fɑr mɔr ˈfrikˌwɛnt. wɔʧ: əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈbɪgəst gən ˈprɑbləm ɪz ðə wən wi doʊnt tɔk əˈbaʊt |
mr pink has milan deal?
by football italia staff
there are reports that poe here ying wangsuo, known as mr pink, has agreed a deal to take over 75 per cent of milan.
there has been much speculation in recent months that current president silvio berlusconi will sell the rossoneri, with thai property tycoon bee also interested.
however, is this morning carrying reports from next magazine that a deal has been agreed with wangsuo, also known as mr pink.
next magazine believes that a deal was agreed on march 7 between berlusconi and mr pink which would see the chinese businessman take over three quarters of the shares over the next three years.
the story echoes reports from earlier this month, which were accompanied by a picture of the former italian prime minister signing paperwork with mr pink.
the nickname stems from his range of energy drinks, which are popular in north america. | ˈmɪstər pɪŋk həz ˈmaɪˌlæn dil? baɪ ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˌɪˈtæljə stæf ðɛr ər rɪˈpɔrts ðət poʊ hir jɪŋ wangsuo*, noʊn ɛz ˈmɪstər pɪŋk, həz əˈgrid ə dil tɪ teɪk ˈoʊvər 75 pər sɛnt əv ˈmaɪˌlæn. ðɛr həz bɪn məʧ ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən ɪn ˈrisənt mənθs ðət ˈkɑrənt ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈsɪlvioʊ ˌbərləˈskoʊni wɪl sɛl ðə rossoneri*, wɪθ taɪ ˈprɑpərti taɪˈkun bi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪz ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ ˈkɛriɪŋ rɪˈpɔrts frəm nɛkst ˈmægəˌzin ðət ə dil həz bɪn əˈgrid wɪθ wangsuo*, ˈɔlsoʊ noʊn ɛz ˈmɪstər pɪŋk. nɛkst ˈmægəˌzin bɪˈlivz ðət ə dil wɑz əˈgrid ɔn mɑrʧ 7 bɪtˈwin ˌbərləˈskoʊni ənd ˈmɪstər pɪŋk wɪʧ wʊd si ðə ʧaɪˈniz ˈbɪznɪsˌmæn teɪk ˈoʊvər θri kˈwɔrtərz əv ðə ʃɛrz ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst θri jɪrz. ðə ˈstɔri ˈɛkoʊz rɪˈpɔrts frəm ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ, wɪʧ wər əˈkəmpənid baɪ ə ˈpɪkʧər əv ðə ˈfɔrmər ˌɪˈtæljən praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈsaɪnɪŋ ˈpeɪpərˌwərk wɪθ ˈmɪstər pɪŋk. ðə ˈnɪkˌneɪm stɛmz frəm hɪz reɪnʤ əv ˈɛnərʤi drɪŋks, wɪʧ ər ˈpɑpjələr ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. |
posted on september 11, 2011 in articles
the president ordered from costco for the osama bin laden watch party. turkey pita sandwiches, cold shrimp, potato chips. the white comfort food of choice to witness the end of the most wanted man.
“now entering pakistan,” cia director leon panetta narrated over the big screen. joe biden rosary beads. hillary clinton covered her face in shock. but president obama looked on. stone-faced.
“geronimo. ekia.”
geronimo. the code name for osama bin laden.
ekia. enemy killed in action. osama bin laden had been shot in the head.
a hushed silence. “we got him,” president obama said finally, quietly. a pause. then the backslapping, the all around. “we got him.”
with that obama grabbed a sandwich to go and marched upstairs to tell the nation.
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osama bin laden was irrelevant by 2011. al, decimated by drone attacks from above, infighting from within, and reviled across most of the muslim world. but the visceral joy was still there. that sneering, bearded mug of barbarity was shot in the head. by an american bullet.
the mystique died next. turns out, osama bin laden was not a hardened ascetic denouncing the west from a mountain pass. instead, he reclined on the third floor of a million dollar compound forty miles from capital. he was a media junkie who dyed his beard for his next video. he spent his time looking at a) himself on tv and b) porn.
osama bin laden was protected not by legions of hardened mujahideen fighters but two pakistanis and their children. a private family that kept to itself with no phone-lines. they burned their trash indoors lest anyone riffle through the refuse.
he spent his final days listening to the patter of feet. buffalo crowning a yard over. and that cloudless night the incoming roar of four u.s. helicopters and then gunfire. he was shot once in the head, once in the back, before his body was unceremoniously dumped somewhere in the indian ocean.
a decade after september 11, osama bin laden was not the savior of the muslim world but its scourge. his name sneered, not chanted. a decade later, osama bin laden was no longer the bearded totem of resistance to american imperialism. he was the crutch of hosni mubarak, muammar and the other loathed strongman who argued they alone could safeguard against him.
a decade after 911, america rebuilt the world trade center taller than ever. it is the of arab that tumbled. the rusted rebar and rubble expose depraved men clinging to fists full of petro-dollars. their towering walls of brick and mortar no match for the facebook walls of ones and zeroes. social media did not topple mubarack. the audacity of square did. but social media helped the rage go viral. skyping, its way from tunis to hama. they were felled by students, lawyers, and bloggers who knew simply there must be another way.
in the end, osama bin laden felled two skyscrapers in new york but no governments. he is survived by three wives, a moribund al network, and an arab world freer in his cruelty.
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you know where you where when you first heard the news.
blackberry-faced new yorkers peered up from their and asked strangers simply, “did you hear?” mets and phillies fans cast aside their divisional rivalry and chanted “u-s-a!!” nbc pulled away from donald “celebrity apprentice”.
ten years after 911, we have not had our the naked and the dead. or our apocalypse now, though the hurt locker comes the closest. the pain is still too visceral. the timing, still too soon.
instead, hollywood churns out a lineup of but ultimately forgettable war flicks. jarhead, the green zone, the kingdom, body of lies, office disappointments rich in sparkling explosions but light in historicity. again and again, they depict testosterone junkies defusing ieds, battling terrorists and themselves. troops enduring ephemeral moments of action in between months of endless wait.
we placate ourselves with 23 minute episodes of mindless voyeurism. guys fantasize living like vince. girls keep up with the kardashians. vicarious living remains our escape of choice from years of interminable war and unemployment.
satire became our coping mechanism of choice. the onion and comedy central spoofed every hue of the alarm system. only fake news could make sense of the jangled last decade of ours. when walter cronkite passed away in 2009, time magazine polled who was this equivalent. answer: jon stewart (44%) throttling the big real newscasters brian williams (29%), charlie gibson (19%), and katie couric (7%).
trey parker and matt stone skewered bombastic american jingoism with puppets and a rock ’em sock ’em soundtrack to match:
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president george w. bush feel like eating. he was in a booth in a dallas restaurant when the secret service agent whispered in his ear. he felt no joy. his steak lost its flavor.
he thought back to that impromptu rally on the ground zero rubble. he remembered his crackling fastball right down the pike at yankee stadium. most of all, he remembered that oval office speech to the nation.
his texan twang became the voice of certainty to a superpower that saw red. he ordered the world to pick sides with a “you’re either with us or against us” manichaeism. and the world did not pick terrorism, but the world did not pick president bush either. the war on terror polarized into us vs. them, black vs. white absolutes.
but what followed was a slippery slope decent into the murky underworld of secret cia prisons and the grayish nether reaches of legality and morality. water-boarding, suspending habeas corpus, abu ghraib, lasting buzz words of the war on terror smacked more of a medieval inquisition than that of the lone super power in the early century.
everything iraq was supposed to islamic threat to regional stability, on nuclear was. the cia learned saddam hussein fabricated his bluster out of fear towards iran. but bush was chastened. his political capital spent. he listened to condoleezza. he fired rummy and talked israel down from a bombing run. and the centrifuges in kept on spinning…
and thes finally did go off in new york city. but they were the ones warren buffett warned us about. they were the ones concocted, not in bunkers outside baghdad, but in and citi boardrooms throughout midtown manhattan. built not out of yellow cake but of the mortgages on yellow houses, unbridled derivatives, and money our homes worth.
now president bush resigns himself to a lifetime of away hypotheticals. of warding off regret. and clinging to that argument: i kept us safe.
president bush had enough. he pushed his plate aside, settled up, and went home to reflect. alone. | ˈpoʊstɪd ɔn sɛpˈtɛmbər 11 2011 ɪn ˈɑrtɪkəlz ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈɔrdərd frəm ˈkɔstkoʊ fər ðə oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən wɔʧ ˈpɑrti. ˈtərki ˈpitə ˈsænwɪʧɪz, koʊld ʃrɪmp, pəˈteɪˌtoʊ ʧɪps. ðə waɪt ˈkəmfərt fud əv ʧɔɪs tɪ ˈwɪtnəs ðə ɛnd əv ðə moʊst ˈwɔntɪd mæn. ˈɛnərɪŋ pakistan,”*,” siaɪeɪ dɪˈrɛktər liɑn pəˈnɛtə ˈnɛˌreɪtɪd ˈoʊvər ðə bɪg skrin. ʤoʊ ˈbaɪdən ˈroʊzəri bidz. ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ˈkəvərd hər feɪs ɪn ʃɑk. bət ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌoʊˈbɑmə lʊkt ɔn. stone-faced*. ““geronimo*. ekia.”*.” ʤəˈrɔnɪˌmoʊ. ðə koʊd neɪm fər oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən. ekia*. ˈɛnəmi kɪld ɪn ˈækʃən. oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən hæd bɪn ʃɑt ɪn ðə hɛd. ə həʃt ˈsaɪləns. gɑt him,”*,” ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌoʊˈbɑmə sɛd ˈfaɪnəli, kˈwaɪətli. ə pɔz. ðɛn ðə ˈbæksˌlæpɪŋ, ðə ɔl əraʊnd. gɑt him.”*.” wɪθ ðət ˌoʊˈbɑmə græbd ə ˈsænwɪʧ tɪ goʊ ənd mɑrʧt əpˈstɛrz tɪ tɛl ðə ˈneɪʃən. oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən wɑz ˌɪˈrɛləvənt baɪ 2011 æl, ˈdɛsəˌmeɪtɪd baɪ droʊn əˈtæks frəm əˈbəv, ˈɪnˌfaɪtɪŋ frəm wɪˈθɪn, ənd riˈvaɪld əˈkrɔs moʊst əv ðə ˈməzlɪm wərld. bət ðə ˈvɪsərəl ʤɔɪ wɑz stɪl ðɛr. ðət sˈnɪrɪŋ, ˈbɪrdəd məg əv bɑrˈbɛrəti wɑz ʃɑt ɪn ðə hɛd. baɪ ən əˈmɛrɪkən ˈbʊlət. ðə mɪˈstik daɪd nɛkst. tərnz aʊt, oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən wɑz nɑt ə ˈhɑrdənd əˈsɛtɪk dɪˈnaʊnsɪŋ ðə wɛst frəm ə ˈmaʊntən pæs. ˌɪnˈstɛd, hi rɪˈklaɪnd ɔn ðə θərd flɔr əv ə ˈmɪljən ˈdɔlər ˈkɑmpaʊnd ˈfɔrti maɪəlz frəm ˈkæpɪtəl. hi wɑz ə ˈmidiə ˈʤəŋki hu daɪd hɪz bɪrd fər hɪz nɛkst ˈvɪdioʊ. hi spɛnt hɪz taɪm ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ə) hɪmˈsɛlf ɔn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ənd bi) pɔrn. oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən wɑz prəˈtɛktɪd nɑt baɪ ˈliʤənz əv ˈhɑrdənd ˌmuʤəhɛˈdin ˈfaɪtərz bət tu ˌpækɪˈstæniz ənd ðɛr ˈʧɪldrən. ə ˈpraɪvət ˈfæməli ðət kɛpt tɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf wɪθ noʊ phone-lines*. ðeɪ bərnd ðɛr træʃ ˈɪnˌdɔrz lɛst ˈɛniˌwən ˈrɪfəl θru ðə ˈrɛfˌjuz. hi spɛnt hɪz ˈfaɪnəl deɪz ˈlɪsənɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈpætər əv fit. ˈbəfəˌloʊ ˈkraʊnɪŋ ə jɑrd ˈoʊvər. ənd ðət ˈklaʊdləs naɪt ðə ˈɪnˌkəmɪŋ rɔr əv fɔr juz. ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptərz ənd ðɛn ˈgənˌfaɪər. hi wɑz ʃɑt wəns ɪn ðə hɛd, wəns ɪn ðə bæk, ˌbiˈfɔr hɪz ˈbɑdi wɑz ˌənˌsɛrəˈmoʊniəsli dəmpt ˈsəmˌwɛr ɪn ðə ˈɪndiən ˈoʊʃən. ə ˈdɛkeɪd ˈæftər sɛpˈtɛmbər 11 oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən wɑz nɑt ðə ˈseɪvjər əv ðə ˈməzlɪm wərld bət ɪts skərʤ. hɪz neɪm snɪrd, nɑt ˈʧæntɪd. ə ˈdɛkeɪd ˈleɪtər, oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən wɑz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ðə ˈbɪrdəd ˈtoʊtəm əv rɪˈzɪstəns tɪ əˈmɛrɪkən ˌɪmˈpɪriəˌlɪzəm. hi wɑz ðə krəʧ əv ˈhɔsni muˈbɑrɪk, muˈæmər ənd ðə ˈəðər loʊðd ˈstrɔŋˌmæn hu ˈɑrgjud ðeɪ əˈloʊn kʊd ˈseɪfˌgɑrd əˈgɛnst ɪm. ə ˈdɛkeɪd ˈæftər 911 əˈmɛrɪkə riˈbɪlt ðə wərld treɪd ˈsɛnər ˈtɔlər ðən ˈɛvər. ɪt ɪz ðə əv ˈærəb ðət ˈtəmbəld. ðə ˈrəstɪd ˈriˌbɑr ənd ˈrəbəl ɪkˈspoʊz diˈpreɪvd mɛn ˈklɪŋɪŋ tɪ fɪsts fʊl əv petro-dollars*. ðɛr ˈtaʊrɪŋ wɔlz əv brɪk ənd ˈmɔrtər noʊ mæʧ fər ðə ˈfeɪsˌbʊk wɔlz əv wənz ənd ˈziroʊz. ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə dɪd nɑt ˈtɑpəl mubarack*. ðə ɑˈdæsəti əv skwɛr dɪd. bət ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə hɛlpt ðə reɪʤ goʊ ˈvaɪrəl. skyping*, ɪts weɪ frəm ˌtuˈnis tɪ ˈhɑmə. ðeɪ wər fɛld baɪ ˈstudənts, ˈlɔjərz, ənd ˈblɔgərz hu nu ˈsɪmpli ðɛr məst bi əˈnəðər weɪ. ɪn ðə ɛnd, oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən fɛld tu ˈskaɪˌskreɪpərz ɪn nu jɔrk bət noʊ ˈgəvərnmənts. hi ɪz sərˈvaɪvd baɪ θri waɪvz, ə ˈmɔrəbənd æl ˈnɛtˌwərk, ənd ən ˈærəb wərld friər ɪn hɪz ˈkruəlti. ju noʊ wɛr ju wɛr wɪn ju fərst hərd ðə nuz. nu ˈjɔrkərz pɪrd əp frəm ðɛr ənd æst ˈstreɪnʤərz ˈsɪmpli, ju hear?”*?” mɛts ənd ˈfɪliz fænz kæst əˈsaɪd ðɛr dɪˈvɪʒənəl ˈraɪvəlri ənd ˈʧæntɪd ““u-s-a*! u-s-a!”*!” ˈɛnˌbiˈsi pʊld əˈweɪ frəm ˈdɑnəld apprentice”*”. tɛn jɪrz ˈæftər 911 wi hæv nɑt hæd ɑr ðə ˈneɪkəd ənd ðə dɛd. ər ɑr əˈpɑkəˌlɪps naʊ, ðoʊ ðə hərt ˈlɑkər kəmz ðə ˈkloʊsəst. ðə peɪn ɪz stɪl tu ˈvɪsərəl. ðə ˈtaɪmɪŋ, stɪl tu sun. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ˈhɑliˌwʊd ʧərnz aʊt ə ˈlaɪˌnəp əv bət ˈəltəmətli fərˈgɛtəbəl wɔr flɪks. jarhead*, ðə grin zoʊn, ðə ˈkɪŋdəm, ˈbɑdi əv laɪz, ˈɔfəs dɪsəˈpɔɪntmənts rɪʧ ɪn ˈspɑrkəlɪŋ ɪkˈsploʊʒənz bət laɪt ɪn historicity*. əˈgɛn ənd əˈgɛn, ðeɪ dɪˈpɪkt ˌtɛˈstɑstərˌoʊn ˈʤəŋkiz dɪfˈjuzɪŋ ieds*, ˈbætəlɪŋ ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ənd ðɛmˈsɛlvz. trups ɪnˈdʊrɪŋ ɪˈfɛmərəl ˈmoʊmənts əv ˈækʃən ɪn bɪtˈwin mənθs əv ˈɛndləs weɪt. wi ˈpleɪkeɪt ɑrˈsɛlvz wɪθ 23 ˈmɪnət ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz əv ˈmaɪndləs ˌvɔɪˈjurɪzəm. gaɪz ˈfænəˌsaɪz ˈlɪvɪŋ laɪk vɪns. gərlz kip əp wɪθ ðə kardashians*. vaɪˈkɛriəs ˈlɪvɪŋ rɪˈmeɪnz ɑr ɪˈskeɪp əv ʧɔɪs frəm jɪrz əv ˌɪnˈtərmənəbəl wɔr ənd ˌənɪmˈplɔɪmənt. ˈsæˌtaɪər bɪˈkeɪm ɑr ˈkoʊpɪŋ ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm əv ʧɔɪs. ðə ˈənjən ənd ˈkɑmədi ˈsɛntrəl spuft ˈɛvəri hju əv ðə əˈlɑrm ˈsɪstəm. ˈoʊnli feɪk nuz kʊd meɪk sɛns əv ðə ˈʤæŋgəld læst ˈdɛkeɪd əv ɑrz. wɪn ˈwɔltər ˈkrɑŋˌkaɪt pæst əˈweɪ ɪn 2009 taɪm ˈmægəˌzin poʊld hu wɑz ðɪs ɪkˈwɪvələnt. ˈænsər: ʤɑn stuərt 44 θˈrɑtəlɪŋ ðə bɪg ril ˈnuzˌkæstərz braɪən ˈwɪljəmz 29 ˈʧɑrli ˈgɪbsən 19 ənd ˈkeɪti ˈkɔrɪk 7 treɪ ˈpɑrkər ənd mæt stoʊn skjuərd bɑmˈbæstɪk əˈmɛrɪkən ˈʤɪŋˌgoʊɪzəm wɪθ ˈpəpɪts ənd ə rɑk sɑk ˈsaʊnˌtræk tɪ mæʧ: ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ fil laɪk ˈitɪŋ. hi wɑz ɪn ə buθ ɪn ə ˈdæləs ˈrɛˌstrɑnt wɪn ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈsərvɪs ˈeɪʤənt ˈwɪspərd ɪn hɪz ɪr. hi fɛlt noʊ ʤɔɪ. hɪz steɪk lɔst ɪts ˈfleɪvər. hi θɔt bæk tɪ ðət ˌɪmˈprɑmptu ˈræli ɔn ðə graʊnd ˈziroʊ ˈrəbəl. hi rɪˈmɛmbərd hɪz ˈkræklɪŋ ˈfæstˌbɔl raɪt daʊn ðə paɪk æt ˈjæŋki ˈsteɪdiəm. moʊst əv ɔl, hi rɪˈmɛmbərd ðət ˈoʊvəl ˈɔfəs spiʧ tɪ ðə ˈneɪʃən. hɪz ˈtɛksən twɑŋ bɪˈkeɪm ðə vɔɪs əv ˈsərtənti tɪ ə ˌsupərˈpaʊər ðət sɔ rɛd. hi ˈɔrdərd ðə wərld tɪ pɪk saɪdz wɪθ ə ˈiðər wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs ər əˈgɛnst us”*” manichaeism*. ənd ðə wərld dɪd nɑt pɪk ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm, bət ðə wərld dɪd nɑt pɪk ˈprɛzɪdənt bʊʃ ˈiðər. ðə wɔr ɔn ˈtɛrər ˈpoʊlərˌaɪzd ˈɪntu ˈjuˈɛs ˈvərsəz. ðɛm, blæk ˈvərsəz. waɪt ˈæbsəˌluts. bət wət ˈfɑloʊd wɑz ə sˈlɪpəri sloʊp ˈdisənt ˈɪntu ðə ˈmərki ˈəndərˌwərld əv ˈsikrɪt siaɪeɪ ˈprɪzənz ənd ðə greɪɪʃ ˈnɛðər ˈriʧɪz əv liˈgæləti ənd ˌmɔˈræləˌti. water-boarding*, səˈspɛndɪŋ ˈhæbiəs ˈkɔrpəs, ˈæbu ghraib*, ˈlæstɪŋ bəz wərdz əv ðə wɔr ɔn ˈtɛrər smækt mɔr əv ə mɪˈdjivəl ˌɪnkwəˈzɪʃən ðən ðət əv ðə loʊn ˈsupər paʊər ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri. ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˌɪˈrɑk wɑz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk θrɛt tɪ ˈriʤənəl stəˈbɪlɪti, ɔn ˈnukliər wɑz. ðə siaɪeɪ ˈlərnɪd ˈsɑdəm huˈseɪn ˈfæbrɪˌkeɪtɪd hɪz ˈbləstər aʊt əv fɪr təˈwɔrdz ˌɪˈrɑn. bət bʊʃ wɑz ˈʧeɪsənd. hɪz pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈkæpɪtəl spɛnt. hi ˈlɪsənd tɪ condoleezza*. hi faɪərd ˈrəmi ənd tɔkt ˈɪzriəl daʊn frəm ə ˈbɑmɪŋ rən. ənd ðə ˈsɛntrəfˌjuʤɪz ɪn kɛpt ɔn spinning…*… ənd ðə ˈfaɪnəli dɪd goʊ ɔf ɪn nu jɔrk ˈsɪti. bət ðeɪ wər ðə wənz ˈwɔrən ˈbəfɪt wɔrnd ˈjuˈɛs əˈbaʊt. ðeɪ wər ðə wənz kənˈkɑktəd, nɑt ɪn ˈbəŋkərz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈbægdæd, bət ɪn ənd ˈsɪti ˈbɔrˌdrumz θruaʊt ˈmɪdˌtaʊn mænˈhætən. bɪlt nɑt aʊt əv ˈjɛloʊ keɪk bət əv ðə ˈmɔrgɪʤɪz ɔn ˈjɛloʊ ˈhaʊsɪz, ənˈbraɪdəld dərˈɪvətɪvz, ənd ˈməni ɑr hoʊmz wərθ. naʊ ˈprɛzɪdənt bʊʃ rɪˈzaɪnz hɪmˈsɛlf tɪ ə ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm əv əˈweɪ ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtəkəlz. əv ˈwɔrdɪŋ ɔf rɪˈgrɛt. ənd ˈklɪŋɪŋ tɪ ðət ˈɑrgjəmənt: aɪ kɛpt ˈjuˈɛs seɪf. ˈprɛzɪdənt bʊʃ hæd ɪˈnəf. hi pʊʃt hɪz pleɪt əˈsaɪd, ˈsɛtəld əp, ənd wɛnt hoʊm tɪ rɪˈflɛkt. əˈloʊn. |
police are investigating a report of a man being assaulted by a group of people protesting donald trump in st. paul on wednesday night.
police were called to regions hospital about p.m. after a man checked in with facial injuries.
the man told police he had just gotten off the green line light dale street stop and was walking on the university avenue sidewalk near marion avenue when he was approached by four people, whom he estimated to be in their late teens.
the man said the four accused him of voting for trump, and the man replied that he did not, according to a police report.
the group including three young black men and a young white woman continued to badger him, noting he was white, so he must have voted for trump, police said.
they then accused him of sympathizing with police, and the man said he have a problem with police, had never been arrested, and had no reason to dislike them.
he told the group that he was gay, so he made a habit of not judging others because he want to be judged.
two of the men then hurled slurs about the sexuality and punched him in the face repeatedly, he told police.
police observed that the face was badly bruised and swollen under one eye, and the man noted that he recently had eye surgery, and was in great pain.
the man asked police not to release his name as he feared for his safety.
when the man did not fight back, the group veered away to join the protesters, and the man fled.
police have made no arrests in the incident.
on wednesday evening, hundreds marched down university avenue from the state capitol in st. paul. similar protests erupted across the country in response to the republican upset victory over democrat hillary clinton in the presidential election. | pəˈlis ər ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ə rɪˈpɔrt əv ə mæn biɪŋ əˈsɔltɪd baɪ ə grup əv ˈpipəl ˈproʊˌtɛstɪŋ ˈdɑnəld trəmp ɪn st*. pɔl ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ naɪt. pəˈlis wər kɔld tɪ ˈriʤənz ˈhɑˌspɪtəl əˈbaʊt p.m*. ˈæftər ə mæn ʧɛkt ɪn wɪθ ˈfeɪʃəl ˈɪnʤəriz. ðə mæn toʊld pəˈlis hi hæd ʤɪst ˈgɔtən ɔf ðə grin laɪn laɪt deɪl strit stɑp ənd wɑz ˈwɔkɪŋ ɔn ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈævəˌnu ˈsaɪdˌwɔk nɪr ˈmɛriən ˈævəˌnu wɪn hi wɑz əˈproʊʧt baɪ fɔr ˈpipəl, hum hi ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd tɪ bi ɪn ðɛr leɪt tinz. ðə mæn sɛd ðə fɔr əˈkjuzd ɪm əv ˈvoʊtɪŋ fər trəmp, ənd ðə mæn rɪˈplaɪd ðət hi dɪd nɑt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə pəˈlis rɪˈpɔrt. ðə grup ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ θri jəŋ blæk mɛn ənd ə jəŋ waɪt ˈwʊmən kənˈtɪnjud tɪ ˈbæʤər ɪm, ˈnoʊtɪŋ hi wɑz waɪt, soʊ hi məst hæv ˈvoʊtɪd fər trəmp, pəˈlis sɛd. ðeɪ ðɛn əˈkjuzd ɪm əv ˈsɪmpəˌθaɪzɪŋ wɪθ pəˈlis, ənd ðə mæn sɛd hi hæv ə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ pəˈlis, hæd ˈnɛvər bɪn ərˈɛstɪd, ənd hæd noʊ ˈrizən tɪ dɪsˈlaɪk ðɛm. hi toʊld ðə grup ðət hi wɑz geɪ, soʊ hi meɪd ə ˈhæbət əv nɑt ˈʤəʤɪŋ ˈəðərz bɪˈkəz hi wɔnt tɪ bi ʤəʤd. tu əv ðə mɛn ðɛn hərld slərz əˈbaʊt ðə ˌsɛkʃuˈæləti ənd pənʧt ɪm ɪn ðə feɪs rɪˈpitɪdli, hi toʊld pəˈlis. pəˈlis əbˈzərvd ðət ðə feɪs wɑz ˈbædli bruzd ənd sˈwoʊlən ˈəndər wən aɪ, ənd ðə mæn ˈnoʊtɪd ðət hi ˈrisəntli hæd aɪ ˈsərʤəri, ənd wɑz ɪn greɪt peɪn. ðə mæn æst pəˈlis nɑt tɪ riˈlis hɪz neɪm ɛz hi fɪrd fər hɪz ˈseɪfti. wɪn ðə mæn dɪd nɑt faɪt bæk, ðə grup vɪrd əˈweɪ tɪ ʤɔɪn ðə ˈproʊˌtɛstərz, ənd ðə mæn flɛd. pəˈlis hæv meɪd noʊ ərˈɛsts ɪn ðə ˈɪnsədənt. ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˈivnɪŋ, ˈhənərdz mɑrʧt daʊn ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈævəˌnu frəm ðə steɪt ˈkæpɪtəl ɪn st*. pɔl. ˈsɪmələr ˈproʊˌtɛsts ˌɪˈrəptɪd əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈəpˌsɛt ˈvɪktəri ˈoʊvər ˈdɛməˌkræt ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ɪn ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən. |
breaking news emails get breaking news alerts and special reports. the news and stories that matter, delivered weekday mornings.
jan. 25, 2017, am / updated jan. 25, 2017, am by kristen welker and alex johnson
president donald trump is expected to sign an executive order wednesday to begin paying for a wall on the border, a senior administration official told nbc news on tuesday night, taking the first step toward fulfilling his marquee campaign promise.
the official, who asked not to be identified, said trump would likely sign the order which would shift money from other federal programs to the wall project during an appearance wednesday at the department of homeland security, the parent agency of u.s. customs and border protection.
the official said trump still intends for mexico to end up paying for the wall eventually.
the president signaled the move on twitter on tuesday night.
the specific effect of the order remains unclear, as congress would have to approve any extra appropriations.
trump's promise to build a wall and to "make mexico pay for it" were keynotes of his presidential campaign. he said in an interview on "60 minutes" on nov. 13, five days after he was elected, that he would accept building a fence instead of a wall "in certain areas."
the senior administration official said many more executive orders are expected this week. | ˈbreɪkɪŋ nuz iˈmeɪlz gɪt ˈbreɪkɪŋ nuz əˈlərts ənd ˈspɛʃəl rɪˈpɔrts. ðə nuz ənd ˈstɔriz ðət ˈmætər, dɪˈlɪvərd ˈwikˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋz. ʤæn. 25 2017 æm ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ʤæn. 25 2017 æm baɪ ˈkrɪstən ˈwɛlkər ənd ˈæləks ˈʤɑnsən ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdɑnəld trəmp ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ saɪn ən ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈɔrdər ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ tɪ bɪˈgɪn peɪɪŋ fər ə wɔl ɔn ðə ˈbɔrdər, ə ˈsinjər ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əˈfɪʃəl toʊld ˈɛnˌbiˈsi nuz ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ naɪt, ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə fərst stɛp təˈwɔrd fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ hɪz mɑrˈki kæmˈpeɪn ˈprɑməs. ðə əˈfɪʃəl, hu æst nɑt tɪ bi aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd, sɛd trəmp wʊd ˈlaɪkli saɪn ðə ˈɔrdər wɪʧ wʊd ʃɪft ˈməni frəm ˈəðər ˈfɛdərəl ˈproʊˌgræmz tɪ ðə wɔl ˈprɑʤɛkt ˈdʊrɪŋ ən əˈpɪrəns ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ æt ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈhoʊmˌlænd sɪˈkjʊrəti, ðə ˈpɛrənt ˈeɪʤənsi əv juz. ˈkəstəmz ənd ˈbɔrdər prəˈtɛkʃən. ðə əˈfɪʃəl sɛd trəmp stɪl ˌɪnˈtɛndz fər ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ tɪ ɛnd əp peɪɪŋ fər ðə wɔl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli. ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈsɪgnəld ðə muv ɔn tˈwɪtər ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ naɪt. ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈifɛkt əv ðə ˈɔrdər rɪˈmeɪnz ənˈklɪr, ɛz ˈkɑŋgrəs wʊd hæv tɪ əˈpruv ˈɛni ˈɛkstrə əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃənz. trəmps ˈprɑməs tɪ bɪld ə wɔl ənd tɪ "meɪk ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ peɪ fər ɪt" wər ˈkiˌnoʊts əv hɪz ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn. hi sɛd ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju ɔn 60 ˈmɪnəts" ɔn noʊv. 13 faɪv deɪz ˈæftər hi wɑz ɪˈlɛktɪd, ðət hi wʊd əkˈsɛpt ˈbɪldɪŋ ə fɛns ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə wɔl "ɪn ˈsərtən ˈɛriəz." ðə ˈsinjər ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əˈfɪʃəl sɛd ˈmɛni mɔr ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈɔrdərz ər ɪkˈspɛktɪd ðɪs wik. |
here's a new giveaway. this time we are giving away a brand new canvas spark in black color to one lucky winner. we reviewed it as one of the best you can get under rs. 5000 and that too running android lollipop right out of the box.
update: winner announcement
here are the key specs of the canvas spark:
display : ips, pixels
processor : quad-core,
gpu :
os : android lollipop
camera : rear, front-facing, recording
memory : ram, rom expandable 32
connectivity : 3g, dual-sim, bluetooth, wifi b/g/n, fm radio, gps
battery : 2000 mah
all you need to do is enter the contest widget below with your email, you can win more entries by sharing it with your friends. also don't forget to subscribe to our youtube channel so that you don't miss out on our giveaways, and follow us on twitter and facebook to know who the winners are. there will be one winner chosen at the end of the contest period.
phonebunch giveaway: canvas spark
the contest is open to residents of india only, and before participating make sure you read the official rules. you can also subscribe to our youtube channel from below for reviews of the latest.
the contest starts today, august 2015 and ends at pm on august 2015. winner announcement will be made by august 2015. | hɪrz ə nu ˈgɪvəˌweɪ. ðɪs taɪm wi ər ˈgɪvɪŋ əˈweɪ ə brænd nu ˈkænvəs spɑrk ɪn blæk ˈkələr tɪ wən ˈləki ˈwɪnər. wi rivˈjud ɪt ɛz wən əv ðə bɛst ju kən gɪt ˈəndər rs*. 5000 ənd ðət tu ˈrənɪŋ ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈlɑliˌpɑp raɪt aʊt əv ðə bɑks. ˈəpˌdeɪt: ˈwɪnər əˈnaʊnsmɛnt hir ər ðə ki spɛks əv ðə ˈkænvəs spɑrk: dɪˈspleɪ ips*, ˈpɪksəlz ˈprɑˌsɛsər quad-core*, ɑs ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈlɑliˌpɑp ˈkæmərə rɪr, front-facing*, rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ˈmɛməri ræm, rɑm ɪkˈspændəbəl 32 kənɛkˈtɪvɪti 3g*, dual-sim*, ˈbluˌtuθ ˈwiˌfi b/g/n*, ˈɛˈfɛm ˈreɪdiˌoʊ, ˈgipiˈɛs ˈbætəri 2000 mɑ ɔl ju nid tɪ du ɪz ˈɛnər ðə ˈkɑntɛst ˈwɪʤɪt bɪˈloʊ wɪθ jʊr iˈmeɪl, ju kən wɪn mɔr ˈɛntriz baɪ ˈʃɛrɪŋ ɪt wɪθ jʊr frɛndz. ˈɔlsoʊ doʊnt fərˈgɛt tɪ səbˈskraɪb tɪ ɑr ˈjuˌtub ˈʧænəl soʊ ðət ju doʊnt mɪs aʊt ɔn ɑr ˈgɪvəˌweɪz, ənd ˈfɑloʊ ˈjuˈɛs ɔn tˈwɪtər ənd ˈfeɪsˌbʊk tɪ noʊ hu ðə ˈwɪnərz ər. ðɛr wɪl bi wən ˈwɪnər ˈʧoʊzən æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈkɑntɛst ˈpɪriəd. ˈgɪvəˌweɪ: ˈkænvəs spɑrk ðə ˈkɑntɛst ɪz ˈoʊpən tɪ ˈrɛzɪdənts əv ˈɪndiə ˈoʊnli, ənd ˌbiˈfɔr pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪŋ meɪk ʃʊr ju rɛd ðə əˈfɪʃəl rulz. ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ səbˈskraɪb tɪ ɑr ˈjuˌtub ˈʧænəl frəm bɪˈloʊ fər rəvˈjuz əv ðə ˈleɪtəst. ðə ˈkɑntɛst stɑrts təˈdeɪ, ˈɔgəst 2015 ənd ɛndz æt piɛm ɔn ˈɔgəst 2015 ˈwɪnər əˈnaʊnsmɛnt wɪl bi meɪd baɪ ˈɔgəst 2015 |
man threatens to smash actor james woods over the head with a quickly learns he made a huge mistake!
on saturday evening, hollywood star james woods was threatened by matthew e. jacob of huntington, long island, according to the firebrand twitter page. jacob foolishly threatened woods, not once, but twice. huge mistake!
“if i see you in the street i will hit you over the head with a 2 x threatened jacob.
woods quickly took a screen shot of the threat and it to twitter ceo jack dorsey, pondering if “twitter will actually do anything if a conservative is threatened.”
so i've been directly threatened with violence. let's see if @jack and @twitter will actually do anything if a conservative is threatened. james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
jacob also warned woods that he was “the first person” coming for when the next civil war breaks out.
for the record this is one of his other threats before his account was suspended. james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
woods then mentioned the threat of violence was made “across a state line and in response to a political statement.”
“that would be a violation of my civil rights.”
forgot to mention it was across a state line and in response to a political statement. that would be a violation of my civil rights. @fbi james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
how did woods figure out the of the man who threatened him? the bozo linked his account to his twitter account. take a member (which james woods is a proud member of with an iq of 180) to hide your personal information if going to make threats of any kind.
“the guy threatens to bash my head in on @ twitter and then links to his @ account with his bike with his license plates. # idiot“
it appears jacob then deleted his account.
the guy threatens to bash my head in on @twitter and then links to his account with his bike with his license plates. #idiot james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
twitter promptly suspended matthew account following woods’ complaint. note threat is no longer visible.
“you are not going to have wait to see me in the street. your life just changed forever,” warned woods.
you are not going to have wait to see me in the street. your life just changed forever. james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
woods then confirmed account was suspended.
“his account was suspended. for the record he is matthew e. jacob of manhasset, long island. further info i can give to police would help.”
his account was suspended. for the record he is matthew e. jacob of manhasset, long island. further info i can give to police would help. james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
i want to thank for the prompt and decisive response to the violent threats made by while he stalked me. james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
like a true badass, woods reveals to one of his followers that he has a security guy who can “vet anybody in thirty minutes.”
“not my first threat. but it will be his last.”
you mean the bike from bozeman? i have a security guy who can vet anybody in thirty minutes. not my first threat. but it will be his last. james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
if things already bad for jacob at this point, woods then a photo of the man.
“and by the way he is not a kid,” says woods.
and by the way he is not a kid. he closed his account, but… james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
but the hollywood star stop there. instead, woods launched a hashtag with the name.
“#matthewejacob”
amazing!
fans then joined in on the hashtag.
it's time to hold people like accountable and force them to deal with the consequences for their actions. jeri (@realjeriverzijl) august 20, 2017
wrong move ! hopefully at some point you will learn not to threaten people. #coward #vigilante #loser monica (@monica_jualz) august 20, 2017
https://twitter.com/weronikakuzniar/status/899139862309158912
#matthewejacob is threatening to hit in the head. you must be mad, james woods is an mit grad, his mind is irreplaceable. (@brainyolivia) august 20, 2017
#matthewejacob is having the worst summer ever right now..! dan (@topdnyc) august 20, 2017
https://twitter.com/cannabossleaf/status/899139920169709568
i reported . everyone else should do the same. (@redruminsidi0us) august 20, 2017
#matthewejacob is going to learn a very big lesson soon! (@thisissherri) august 20, 2017
woods told his twitter followers he was filing a report the next morning.
i'm filing charges with the police in the morning for making terrorist threats and stalking. james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
woods then told his followers to stand up to people making threats.
“i urge all those harassed with violent threats to document the crimes promptly with @ twittersupport. it helps police, fbi and attorneys.”
i urge all those harassed with violent threats to document the crimes promptly with. it helps police, fbi and attorneys. james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
huntington, not manhasset. bad cut and paste. sorry. huntington james woods (@realjameswoods) august 20, 2017
it’s safe to say matthew e. jacob learned a very valuable lesson. never threaten anyone on twitter. and for the love of g-d, whatever you do, do not mess with james woods! | mæn θˈrɛtənz tɪ smæʃ ˈæktər ʤeɪmz wʊdz ˈoʊvər ðə hɛd wɪθ ə kˈwɪkli lərnz hi meɪd ə juʤ mɪˈsteɪk! ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˈivnɪŋ, ˈhɑliˌwʊd stɑr ʤeɪmz wʊdz wɑz θˈrɛtənd baɪ ˈmæθju i. ˈʤeɪkəb əv ˈhəntɪŋtən, lɔŋ ˈaɪlənd, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈfaɪərˌbrænd tˈwɪtər peɪʤ. ˈʤeɪkəb ˈfulɪʃli θˈrɛtənd wʊdz, nɑt wəns, bət twaɪs. juʤ mɪˈsteɪk! aɪ si ju ɪn ðə strit aɪ wɪl hɪt ju ˈoʊvər ðə hɛd wɪθ ə 2 ɛks θˈrɛtənd ˈʤeɪkəb. wʊdz kˈwɪkli tʊk ə skrin ʃɑt əv ðə θrɛt ənd ɪt tɪ tˈwɪtər ˈsiˌiˈoʊ ʤæk ˈdɔrsi, ˈpɑndərɪŋ ɪf wɪl ˈæˌkʧuəli du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɪf ə kənˈsərvətɪv ɪz threatened.”*.” soʊ aɪv bɪn dɪˈrɛkli θˈrɛtənd wɪθ ˈvaɪələns. lɛts si ɪf @ʤæk ənd @tˈwɪtər wɪl ˈæˌkʧuəli du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɪf ə kənˈsərvətɪv ɪz θˈrɛtənd. ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 ˈʤeɪkəb ˈɔlsoʊ wɔrnd wʊdz ðət hi wɑz fərst person”*” ˈkəmɪŋ fər wɪn ðə nɛkst ˈsɪvəl wɔr breɪks aʊt. fər ðə ˈrɛkərd ðɪs ɪz wən əv hɪz ˈəðər θrɛts ˌbiˈfɔr hɪz əˈkaʊnt wɑz səˈspɛndɪd. ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 wʊdz ðɛn ˈmɛnʃənd ðə θrɛt əv ˈvaɪələns wɑz meɪd ə steɪt laɪn ənd ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl statement.”*.” wʊd bi ə vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv maɪ ˈsɪvəl rights.”*.” fərˈgɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ɪt wɑz əˈkrɔs ə steɪt laɪn ənd ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsteɪtmənt. ðət wʊd bi ə vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv maɪ ˈsɪvəl raɪts. @ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 haʊ dɪd wʊdz ˈfɪgjər aʊt ðə əv ðə mæn hu θˈrɛtənd ɪm? ðə ˈboʊˌzoʊ lɪŋkt hɪz əˈkaʊnt tɪ hɪz tˈwɪtər əˈkaʊnt. teɪk ə ˈmɛmbər (wɪʧ ʤeɪmz wʊdz ɪz ə praʊd ˈmɛmbər əv wɪθ ən ˈaɪˈkju əv 180 tɪ haɪd jʊr ˈpərsɪnəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪf goʊɪŋ tɪ meɪk θrɛts əv ˈɛni kaɪnd. gaɪ θˈrɛtənz tɪ bæʃ maɪ hɛd ɪn ɔn tˈwɪtər ənd ðɛn lɪŋks tɪ hɪz əˈkaʊnt wɪθ hɪz baɪk wɪθ hɪz ˈlaɪsəns pleɪts. idiot“*“ ɪt əˈpɪrz ˈʤeɪkəb ðɛn dɪˈlitəd hɪz əˈkaʊnt. ðə gaɪ θˈrɛtənz tɪ bæʃ maɪ hɛd ɪn ɔn @tˈwɪtər ənd ðɛn lɪŋks tɪ hɪz əˈkaʊnt wɪθ hɪz baɪk wɪθ hɪz ˈlaɪsəns pleɪts. #ˈɪˌdiət ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 tˈwɪtər ˈprɑmptli səˈspɛndɪd ˈmæθju əˈkaʊnt ˈfɑloʊɪŋ woods’*’ kəmˈpleɪnt. noʊt θrɛt ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ˈvɪzəbəl. ər nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ hæv weɪt tɪ si mi ɪn ðə strit. jʊr laɪf ʤɪst ʧeɪnʤd forever,”*,” wɔrnd wʊdz. ju ər nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ hæv weɪt tɪ si mi ɪn ðə strit. jʊr laɪf ʤɪst ʧeɪnʤd fərˈɛvər. ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 wʊdz ðɛn kənˈfərmd əˈkaʊnt wɑz səˈspɛndɪd. əˈkaʊnt wɑz səˈspɛndɪd. fər ðə ˈrɛkərd hi ɪz ˈmæθju i. ˈʤeɪkəb əv mænˈhæsɛt, lɔŋ ˈaɪlənd. ˈfərðər ˈɪnfoʊ aɪ kən gɪv tɪ pəˈlis wʊd help.”*.” hɪz əˈkaʊnt wɑz səˈspɛndɪd. fər ðə ˈrɛkərd hi ɪz ˈmæθju i. ˈʤeɪkəb əv mænˈhæsɛt, lɔŋ ˈaɪlənd. ˈfərðər ˈɪnfoʊ aɪ kən gɪv tɪ pəˈlis wʊd hɛlp. ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 aɪ wɔnt tɪ θæŋk fər ðə prɑmpt ənd dɪˈsaɪsɪv rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə ˈvaɪələnt θrɛts meɪd baɪ waɪl hi stɔkt mi. ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 laɪk ə tru ˈbæˌdæs, wʊdz rɪˈvilz tɪ wən əv hɪz ˈfɑloʊərz ðət hi həz ə sɪˈkjʊrəti gaɪ hu kən ˈɛnibədi ɪn ˈθərˌdi minutes.”*.” maɪ fərst θrɛt. bət ɪt wɪl bi hɪz last.”*.” ju min ðə baɪk frəm ˈboʊzmən? aɪ hæv ə sɪˈkjʊrəti gaɪ hu kən vɛt ˈɛnibədi ɪn ˈθərˌdi ˈmɪnəts. nɑt maɪ fərst θrɛt. bət ɪt wɪl bi hɪz læst. ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 ɪf θɪŋz ɔˈrɛdi bæd fər ˈʤeɪkəb æt ðɪs pɔɪnt, wʊdz ðɛn ə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ əv ðə mæn. baɪ ðə weɪ hi ɪz nɑt ə kid,”*,” sɪz wʊdz. ənd baɪ ðə weɪ hi ɪz nɑt ə kɪd. hi kloʊzd hɪz əˈkaʊnt, but…*… ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 bət ðə ˈhɑliˌwʊd stɑr stɑp ðɛr. ˌɪnˈstɛd, wʊdz lɔnʧt ə ˈhæʃˌtæg wɪθ ðə neɪm. “#“#matthewejacob”*” əˈmeɪzɪŋ! fænz ðɛn ʤɔɪnd ɪn ɔn ðə ˈhæʃˌtæg. ɪts taɪm tɪ hoʊld ˈpipəl laɪk əˈkaʊntəbəl ənd fɔrs ðɛm tɪ dil wɪθ ðə ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz fər ðɛr ˈækʃənz. ˈʤɛri (@realjeriverzijl*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 rɔŋ muv ˈhoʊpfəli æt səm pɔɪnt ju wɪl lərn nɑt tɪ θˈrɛtən ˈpipəl. #kaʊərd #ˌvɪʤəˈlænti #ˈluzər ˈmɑnɪkə (@monica_jualz*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 ɪz θˈrɛtənɪŋ tɪ hɪt ɪn ðə hɛd. ju məst bi mæd, ʤeɪmz wʊdz ɪz ən ˈɛˈmaɪˈti græd, hɪz maɪnd ɪz ˌɪrəˈpleɪsəbəl. (@brainyolivia*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 ɪz ˈhævɪŋ ðə wərst ˈsəmər ˈɛvər raɪt naʊ..! dæn (@topdnyc*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 aɪ ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls ʃʊd du ðə seɪm. (@redruminsidi0us*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ lərn ə ˈvɛri bɪg ˈlɛsən sun! (@thisissherri*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 wʊdz toʊld hɪz tˈwɪtər ˈfɑloʊərz hi wɑz ˈfaɪlɪŋ ə rɪˈpɔrt ðə nɛkst ˈmɔrnɪŋ. əm ˈfaɪlɪŋ ˈʧɑrʤɪz wɪθ ðə pəˈlis ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈtɛrərɪst θrɛts ənd ˈstɔkɪŋ. ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 wʊdz ðɛn toʊld hɪz ˈfɑloʊərz tɪ stænd əp tɪ ˈpipəl ˈmeɪkɪŋ θrɛts. ərʤ ɔl ðoʊz həræst wɪθ ˈvaɪələnt θrɛts tɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ðə kraɪmz ˈprɑmptli wɪθ twittersupport*. ɪt hɛlps pəˈlis, ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ənd attorneys.”*.” aɪ ərʤ ɔl ðoʊz həræst wɪθ ˈvaɪələnt θrɛts tɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ðə kraɪmz ˈprɑmptli wɪθ. ɪt hɛlps pəˈlis, ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ənd əˈtərniz. ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 ˈhəntɪŋtən, nɑt mænˈhæsɛt. bæd kət ənd peɪst. ˈsɑri. ˈhəntɪŋtən ʤeɪmz wʊdz (@realjameswoods*) ˈɔgəst 20 2017 seɪf tɪ seɪ ˈmæθju i. ˈʤeɪkəb ˈlərnɪd ə ˈvɛri ˈvæljəbəl ˈlɛsən. ˈnɛvər θˈrɛtən ˈɛniˌwən ɔn tˈwɪtər. ənd fər ðə ləv əv g-d*, ˌwəˈtɛvər ju du, du nɑt mɛs wɪθ ʤeɪmz wʊdz! |
police detective david edward abbott, a member of the northern d.c. internet crimes against children task force, committed suicide tuesday before law enforcement could arrest him on suspicion of sexually abusing minors.
abbott, you will recall, was the detective in the noteworthy teen sexting case from july 2014, in which the authorities sought a warrant to take the male suspect to the hospital, inject him with a drug that would give him an erection, photograph his genitals, and compare the photo with existing pictures of his genitals the police had confiscated from his phone.
the teen was eventually sentenced to one year of probation. the kicker: abbott sued the lawyer for defamation. the lawyer, jessica foster, remarked to the media that the warrant to take pornographic pictures of her be used as evidence that he was guilty of creating child “crazy.”
“who does this?” foster had said. “it’s just crazy.”
abbott said the comments caused him severe emotional distress; he claimed he was threatened and called a pedophile, according to nbc.
authorities now believe abbott was a pedophile. he had inappropriate contact with two young boys, ages 11 and 13, according to patch.com. police attempted to arrest him at his home earlier today, but he refused to surrender and eventually shot himself.
while this outcome is certainly a tragedy for his family, the revelations about abbott should underscore two things: his treatment of the in the sexting case was unconscionable, and laws criminalizing sexting between teens are intrusive and easily abused. there actually was a truly depraved sexual monster in this case, it just the teenager. | pəˈlis dɪˈtɛktɪv ˈdeɪvɪd ˈɛdwərd ˈæbət, ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˈnɔrðərn d.c*. ˈɪntərˌnɛt kraɪmz əˈgɛnst ˈʧɪldrən tæsk fɔrs, kəˈmɪtɪd ˈsuɪˌsaɪd ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˌbiˈfɔr lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt kʊd ərˈɛst ɪm ɔn səˈspɪʃən əv ˈsɛkʃuəli əˈbjuzɪŋ ˈmaɪnərz. ˈæbət, ju wɪl ˈriˌkɔl, wɑz ðə dɪˈtɛktɪv ɪn ðə ˈnoʊtˌwərði tin ˈsɛkˌstɪŋ keɪs frəm ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2014 ɪn wɪʧ ðə əˈθɔrətiz sɔt ə ˈwɔrənt tɪ teɪk ðə meɪl ˈsəˌspɛkt tɪ ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, ˌɪnˈʤɛkt ɪm wɪθ ə drəg ðət wʊd gɪv ɪm ən ɪˈrɛkʃən, ˈfoʊtəˌgræf hɪz ˈʤɛnətəlz, ənd kəmˈpɛr ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ wɪθ ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈpɪkʧərz əv hɪz ˈʤɛnətəlz ðə pəˈlis hæd ˈkɑnfəˌskeɪtəd frəm hɪz foʊn. ðə tin wɑz ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈsɛntənst tɪ wən jɪr əv proʊˈbeɪʃən. ðə ˈkɪkər: ˈæbət sud ðə ˈlɔjər fər ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən. ðə ˈlɔjər, ˈʤɛsɪkə ˈfɑstər, rɪˈmɑrkt tɪ ðə ˈmidiə ðət ðə ˈwɔrənt tɪ teɪk ˌpɔrnəˈgræfɪk ˈpɪkʧərz əv hər bi juzd ɛz ˈɛvədəns ðət hi wɑz ˈgɪlti əv kriˈeɪtɪŋ ʧaɪld ““crazy.”*.” dɪz this?”*?” ˈfɑstər hæd sɛd. ʤɪst crazy.”*.” ˈæbət sɛd ðə ˈkɑmɛnts kɔzd ɪm səˈvɪr ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl dɪˈstrɛs; hi kleɪmd hi wɑz θˈrɛtənd ənd kɔld ə ˈpɛdəfɪl, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈɛnˌbiˈsi. əˈθɔrətiz naʊ bɪˈliv ˈæbət wɑz ə ˈpɛdəfɪl. hi hæd ˌɪnəˈproʊpriɪt ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ tu jəŋ bɔɪz, ˈeɪʤɪz 11 ənd 13 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ patch.com*. pəˈlis əˈtɛmptəd tɪ ərˈɛst ɪm æt hɪz hoʊm ˈərliər təˈdeɪ, bət hi rɪfˈjuzd tɪ sərˈɛndər ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ʃɑt hɪmˈsɛlf. waɪl ðɪs ˈaʊtˌkəm ɪz ˈsərtənli ə ˈtræʤədi fər hɪz ˈfæməli, ðə ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz əˈbaʊt ˈæbət ʃʊd ˌəndərˈskɔr tu θɪŋz: hɪz ˈtritmənt əv ðə ɪn ðə ˈsɛkˌstɪŋ keɪs wɑz ənˈkɑnʃənəbəl, ənd lɔz ˈkrɪmənəˌlaɪzɪŋ ˈsɛkˌstɪŋ bɪtˈwin tinz ər ˌɪnˈtrusɪv ənd ˈizəli əˈbjuzd. ðɛr ˈæˌkʧuəli wɑz ə ˈtruli diˈpreɪvd ˈsɛkʃuəl ˈmɑnstər ɪn ðɪs keɪs, ɪt ʤɪst ðə ˈtiˌneɪʤər. |
is tech giant beverage company?
investors apparently think so, as shares of an extremely small beverage company soared on the news that it would be changing its focus to, the decentralized ledger technology that is best known as the underpinning to like.
long island iced tea corp. on thursday said it was to become long corp., and that it was “shifting its primary corporate focus towards the exploration of and investment in opportunities that leverage the benefits of technology.”
the stock nearly at its peak of the session. after closing at $2.44 on wednesday, it jumped as high as $9.49, its highest level since june 2016. it closed at $6.91, up 183% on the day. nearly 15 million shares exchanged hands, significantly higher than its average, which is below.
before the move, the stock had been down more than 40% in 2017, and as of close, it had a market capitalization of about $24 million. the below chart shows the stock performance over the past two years.
courtesy
the company did not immediately return a request for a comment. in a press release, it wrote it is “dedicated to becoming a significant participant in the evolution of technology that creates long term value for its shareholders and the global community by investing in and developing businesses that are ‘on-chain’.”
it added that “blockchain technology is fundamentally changing the way people and businesses transact, and the company will strive to be at the forefront of this dynamic industry, actively pursuing opportunities.”
the press release also linked to a corporate website, where the company wrote it was “already in the preliminary stages of evaluating specific opportunities involving technology,” including potential partnership, investments, or acquisitions. one of these “opportunities” involves “a regulated, institutional provider of services that is building multiple and digital crypto currency technology solutions for global financial markets.”
the company added that it “does not have an agreement with any of these entities for a transaction and there is no assurance that a definitive agreement with these, or any other entity, will be entered into or ultimately consummated.”
long island iced most recent investor presentation, released on oct. 5, made no mention of or any upcoming change in focus. a section on “company direction” referenced international expansion, “market execution,” and “distribution transformation,” among other attributes. in a section on 2017 “brand history,” the company noted a new bottle design and partnerships with venues like the barclays center sports arena.
a description of the product line said it was “disrupting lemonade category with premium liquid attributes.”
courtesy long island iced tea corp.
the company is not the first stock to see a boost from this kind of announcement. earlier this month, the former on-line plc. surged nearly 200% after it said it would change its name to on-line plc. separately, the stock of corp. lfin, +2.56% went from under $5 to more than $140 in less than a week after it said it would buy technology provider ziddu.com. many analysts have said these moves are reminiscent of how companies in the tech boom saw short-term boosts after adding “.com” to their company name.
blockchain has been one of the hottest areas on wall street this year, because it is seen as a way to indirectly play digital currencies like, many of which have themselves seen massive price appreciation in 2017. btcusd, +0.26% has gone from under $1,000 at the start of the year to nearly $20,000; it last traded at $15,281.29, down% on the day. ether, the digital currency, has risen by a factor of nearly 100 thus far this year.
read: what’s monster 2017 gain looks like in one humongous chart
some have called the most transformative technology since the internet, and the potential use cases are seen as vast. in october, wrote that was “akin to investing in the internet in the mid-nineties,” estimating the technology could add as much as $300 billion to $400 billion of annual economic value globally by 2027. “is likely to have a significant impact in industries ranging from finance to manufacturing, health care and utilities,” among other market sectors, the bank wrote.
don’t miss: why a collapse in kill | ɪz tɛk ʤaɪənt ˈbɛvərɪʤ ˈkəmpəˌni? ˌɪnˈvɛstərz əˈpɛrəntli θɪŋk soʊ, ɛz ʃɛrz əv ən ɪkˈstrimli smɔl ˈbɛvərɪʤ ˈkəmpəˌni sɔrd ɔn ðə nuz ðət ɪt wʊd bi ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ɪts ˈfoʊkɪs tɪ, ðə dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ˈlɛʤər tɛkˈnɑləʤi ðət ɪz bɛst noʊn ɛz ðə ˈəndərˌpɪnɪŋ tɪ laɪk. lɔŋ ˈaɪlənd aɪst ti ˈkɔrpərˈeɪʃən. ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ sɛd ɪt wɑz tɪ bɪˈkəm lɔŋ ˈkɔrpərˈeɪʃən., ənd ðət ɪt wɑz ɪts ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈkɔrpərət ˈfoʊkɪs təˈwɔrdz ðə ˌɛksplərˈeɪʃən əv ənd ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ðət ˈlɛvərɪʤ ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts əv technology.”*.” ðə stɑk ˈnɪrli æt ɪts pik əv ðə ˈsɛʃən. ˈæftər ˈkloʊzɪŋ æt ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ɪt ʤəmpt ɛz haɪ ɛz ɪts haɪəst ˈlɛvəl sɪns ʤun 2016 ɪt kloʊzd æt əp 183 ɔn ðə deɪ. ˈnɪrli 15 ˈmɪljən ʃɛrz ɪksˈʧeɪnʤd hænz, sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli haɪər ðən ɪts ˈævərɪʤ, wɪʧ ɪz bɪˈloʊ ˌbiˈfɔr ðə muv, ðə stɑk hæd bɪn daʊn mɔr ðən 40 ɪn 2017 ənd ɛz əv kloʊz, ɪt hæd ə ˈmɑrkɪt ˌkæpɪtəlɪˈzeɪʃən əv əˈbaʊt 24 ˈmɪljən. ðə bɪˈloʊ ʧɑrt ʃoʊz ðə stɑk pərˈfɔrməns ˈoʊvər ðə pæst tu jɪrz. ˈkərtəsi ðə ˈkəmpəˌni dɪd nɑt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli rɪˈtərn ə rɪkˈwɛst fər ə ˈkɑmɛnt. ɪn ə prɛs riˈlis, ɪt roʊt ɪt ɪz tɪ bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt pɑrˈtɪsəpənt ɪn ðə ˌɛvəˈluʃən əv tɛkˈnɑləʤi ðət kriˈeɪts lɔŋ tərm ˈvælju fər ɪts ˈʃɛˌrhoʊldərz ənd ðə ˈgloʊbəl kəmˈjunɪti baɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstɪŋ ɪn ənd dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˈbɪznɪsɪz ðət ər ‘‘on-chain’.”*’.” ɪt ˈædɪd ðət tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪz ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə weɪ ˈpipəl ənd ˈbɪznɪsɪz trænˈzækt, ənd ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wɪl straɪv tɪ bi æt ðə ˈfɔrˌfrənt əv ðɪs daɪˈnæmɪk ˈɪndəstri, ˈæktɪvli pərˈsuɪŋ opportunities.”*.” ðə prɛs riˈlis ˈɔlsoʊ lɪŋkt tɪ ə ˈkɔrpərət ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, wɛr ðə ˈkəmpəˌni roʊt ɪt wɑz ɪn ðə prɪˈlɪməˌnɛri ˈsteɪʤɪz əv ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ spɪˈsɪfɪk ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ technology,”*,” ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp, ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts, ər ˌækwəˈzɪʃənz. wən əv ðiz ““opportunities”*” ˌɪnˈvɑlvz ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd, ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənəl prəˈvaɪdər əv ˈsərvɪsɪz ðət ɪz ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈməltəpəl ənd ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈkrɪptoʊ ˈkərənsi tɛkˈnɑləʤi səˈluʃənz fər ˈgloʊbəl ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl markets.”*.” ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈædɪd ðət ɪt nɑt hæv ən əˈgrimənt wɪθ ˈɛni əv ðiz ˈɛntɪtiz fər ə trænˈzækʃən ənd ðɛr ɪz noʊ əˈʃʊrəns ðət ə dɪˈfɪnɪtɪv əˈgrimənt wɪθ ðiz, ər ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈɛntɪti, wɪl bi ˈɛnərd ˈɪntu ər ˈəltəmətli consummated.”*.” lɔŋ ˈaɪlənd aɪst moʊst ˈrisənt ˌɪnˈvɛstər ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən, riˈlist ɔn ɔkt. 5 meɪd noʊ ˈmɛnʃən əv ər ˈɛni ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ˈfoʊkɪs. ə ˈsɛkʃən ɔn direction”*” ˈrɛfərənst ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ɪkˈspænʧən, execution,”*,” ənd transformation,”*,” əˈməŋ ˈəðər əˈtrɪˌbjuts. ɪn ə ˈsɛkʃən ɔn 2017 history,”*,” ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈnoʊtɪd ə nu ˈbɑtəl dɪˈzaɪn ənd ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪps wɪθ ˈvɛnuz laɪk ðə ˈbɑrkliz ˈsɛnər spɔrts ərˈinə. ə dɪˈskrɪpʃən əv ðə ˈprɑdəkt laɪn sɛd ɪt wɑz ˈlɛməˈneɪd ˈkætəˌgɔri wɪθ ˈprimiəm ˈlɪkwɪd attributes.”*.” ˈkərtəsi lɔŋ ˈaɪlənd aɪst ti ˈkɔrpərˈeɪʃən. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ɪz nɑt ðə fərst stɑk tɪ si ə bust frəm ðɪs kaɪnd əv əˈnaʊnsmɛnt. ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ, ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈɔnˌlaɪn plc*. sərʤd ˈnɪrli 200 ˈæftər ɪt sɛd ɪt wʊd ʧeɪnʤ ɪts neɪm tɪ ˈɔnˌlaɪn plc*. ˈsɛpərətli, ðə stɑk əv ˈkɔrpərˈeɪʃən. lfin*, wɛnt frəm ˈəndər 5 tɪ mɔr ðən 140 ɪn lɛs ðən ə wik ˈæftər ɪt sɛd ɪt wʊd baɪ tɛkˈnɑləʤi prəˈvaɪdər ziddu.com*. ˈmɛni ˈænəlɪsts hæv sɛd ðiz muvz ər ˌrɛməˈnɪsənt əv haʊ ˈkəmpəˌniz ɪn ðə tɛk bum sɔ ˌʃɔrtˈtərm busts ˈæftər ˈædɪŋ “.“.com”*” tɪ ðɛr ˈkəmpəˌni neɪm. həz bɪn wən əv ðə ˈhɑtəst ˈɛriəz ɔn wɔl strit ðɪs jɪr, bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz sin ɛz ə weɪ tɪ ˌɪndərˈɛkˌtli pleɪ ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈkərənsiz laɪk, ˈmɛni əv wɪʧ hæv ðɛmˈsɛlvz sin ˈmæsɪv praɪs əˌpriʃiˈeɪʃən ɪn 2017 btcusd*, həz gɔn frəm ˈəndər æt ðə stɑrt əv ðə jɪr tɪ ˈnɪrli ɪt læst ˈtreɪdɪd æt daʊn ɔn ðə deɪ. ˈiθər, ðə ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈkərənsi, həz ˈrɪzən baɪ ə ˈfæktər əv ˈnɪrli 100 ðəs fɑr ðɪs jɪr. rɛd: wət ˈmɑnstər 2017 geɪn lʊks laɪk ɪn wən hjuˈmɔŋgəs ʧɑrt səm hæv kɔld ðə moʊst ˌtrænsˈfɔrmɑˌtɪv tɛkˈnɑləʤi sɪns ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, ənd ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl juz ˈkeɪsɪz ər sin ɛz væst. ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər, roʊt ðət wɑz tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɪn ðə mid-nineties,”*,” ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪŋ ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi kʊd æd ɛz məʧ ɛz 300 ˈbɪljən tɪ 400 ˈbɪljən əv ˈænjuəl ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈvælju ˈgloʊbəli baɪ 2027 ˈlaɪkli tɪ hæv ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌɪmˈpækt ɪn ˈɪndəstriz ˈreɪnʤɪŋ frəm ˈfaɪˌnæns tɪ ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ, hɛlθ kɛr ənd utilities,”*,” əˈməŋ ˈəðər ˈmɑrkɪt ˈsɛktərz, ðə bæŋk roʊt. mɪs: waɪ ə kəˈlæps ɪn kɪl |
walt disney studios japan has announced that studio 's princess and the cat returns films will ship on disc in japan on december 4 for yen (about) each.
the princess will include subtitles in japanese (original script and of english dub ), english, french, german, korean, cantonese, and mandarin, as well as audio tracks in japanese, english, french, italian, spanish, portuguese, finnish, korean, german, cantonese, and mandarin. video extras for the release include original that can be viewed alongside the film, the recording script, the " hime in usa" video (about 20 minutes long), and a collection of trailers.
the cat returns will include subtitles in japanese, english, french, german, korean, cantonese, and mandarin, as well as audio tracks in japanese, english, french, german, korean, cantonese, and mandarin. video extras for the release include the "es episode 2" short (in japanese with japanese and english subtitles), original that can be viewed alongside the film, the recording script, the "the birth of the cat returns " documentary (about 34 minutes long), and a collection of trailers.
studio 's official international twitter account revealed on july 20 that it is "working on subtitles."
thanks to for the news tip | wɔlt ˈdɪzni ˈstudiˌoʊz ʤəˈpæn həz əˈnaʊnst ðət ˈstudiˌoʊ 'ɛs ˈprɪnsɛs ənd ðə kæt rɪˈtərnz fɪlmz wɪl ʃɪp ɔn dɪsk ɪn ʤəˈpæn ɔn dɪˈsɛmbər 4 fər jɛn (əˈbaʊt iʧ. ðə ˈprɪnsɛs wɪl ˌɪnˈklud ˈsəbˌtaɪtəlz ɪn ˌʤæpəˈniz (ərˈɪʤənəl skrɪpt ənd əv ˈɪŋlɪʃ dəb ˈɪŋlɪʃ, frɛnʧ, ˈʤərmən, ˌkɔˈriən, ˌkæntəˈniz, ənd ˈmændərən, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈɑdiˌoʊ træks ɪn ˌʤæpəˈniz, ˈɪŋlɪʃ, frɛnʧ, ˌɪˈtæljən, ˈspænɪʃ, ˈpɔrʧəˌgiz, ˈfɪnɪʃ, ˌkɔˈriən, ˈʤərmən, ˌkæntəˈniz, ənd ˈmændərən. ˈvɪdioʊ ˈɛkstrəz fər ðə riˈlis ˌɪnˈklud ərˈɪʤənəl ðət kən bi vjud əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðə fɪlm, ðə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ skrɪpt, ðə haɪm ɪn ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ" ˈvɪdioʊ (əˈbaʊt 20 ˈmɪnəts lɔŋ), ənd ə kəˈlɛkʃən əv ˈtreɪlərz. ðə kæt rɪˈtərnz wɪl ˌɪnˈklud ˈsəbˌtaɪtəlz ɪn ˌʤæpəˈniz, ˈɪŋlɪʃ, frɛnʧ, ˈʤərmən, ˌkɔˈriən, ˌkæntəˈniz, ənd ˈmændərən, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈɑdiˌoʊ træks ɪn ˌʤæpəˈniz, ˈɪŋlɪʃ, frɛnʧ, ˈʤərmən, ˌkɔˈriən, ˌkæntəˈniz, ənd ˈmændərən. ˈvɪdioʊ ˈɛkstrəz fər ðə riˈlis ˌɪnˈklud ðə ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd 2 ʃɔrt (ɪn ˌʤæpəˈniz wɪθ ˌʤæpəˈniz ənd ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈsəbˌtaɪtəlz), ərˈɪʤənəl ðət kən bi vjud əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðə fɪlm, ðə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ skrɪpt, ðə "ðə bərθ əv ðə kæt rɪˈtərnz ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri (əˈbaʊt 34 ˈmɪnəts lɔŋ), ənd ə kəˈlɛkʃən əv ˈtreɪlərz. ˈstudiˌoʊ 'ɛs əˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl tˈwɪtər əˈkaʊnt rɪˈvild ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 20 ðət ɪt ɪz "ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ˈsəbˌtaɪtəlz." θæŋks tɪ fər ðə nuz tɪp |
with the draft, free agency, and the prospect scrimmage already finished, islanders fans must be anxiously awaiting the start of the hockey season as the days wind down to the start of the season. after making some solid selections in the 2014 entry draft (michael dal colle, joshua ho-sang, et al.), garth snow continued to address his needs as he signed chad johnson, mikhail grabovski, and nikolai amongst other players.
however, with almost three months of time left before the regular season kicks off, islanders fans (mainstays & newcomers) might not have as much coverage of their beloved team as they are used to during each hockey season. while news might be hard to come by unless there is a devastating injury or blockbuster trade always good to know where one could get reliable news from a trusted source. so, without further ado, the hockey writers brings isles fans some blogs and twitter accounts that could be extremely useful to follow and if there are some egregious omissions, then please do leave us a comment and let us know if any account or blog was glossed over.
new york islanders
the new york islanders’ website brings some of the best, and most easily accessed, team coverage on the net. cory wright, eric hornick (the skinny), and brian compton (nhl.com) contribute to the articles on the site, and there are a bunch of interactive features for fans as videos of interviews, interviews with prospects, and updates on the isles’ minor league affiliate the bridgeport sound tigers are readily available.
msg network
perhaps the only thing missing from the list below would be a howie rose twitter account. with a cast on the network, there is a lot of quality reporting that the network has to offer. individuals such as stan fischler, butch goring, mcdonald, eric hornick, and peter have given isles fans some of the best coverage and analysis that they could ask for be it before, during, or after a game and their presence in the social media universe is just as big.
#isles love what garth snow has done over the summer, but with the extra forwards look for him to acquire a or van ?? butch goring (@91butch) july 3, 2014
newsday
since 1940, newsday has been providing coverage of events in and around long island. of course, the new york islanders arrive on the hockey scene until 1972, but their establishment certainly gave the long paper a significant area of coverage in the sports arena.
for the last few seasons, arthur staple has served as the islanders’ for newsday providing reporting on the progress during the season and the offseason. not only does staple produce excellent on the islanders, his social media presence is tremendous, and is a for any person that is either new to the islanders or the twittersphere.
ville now (was), a. (was), r. now (was), g. reinhart up to 217 from 202 arthur staple (@stapenewsday) july 8, 2014
cbs new york
wfan features some of the best, and most active, personalities that cover the islanders. with written articles and various audio and video clips regarding the islanders,’s site is easy to navigate and gives fans a plethora of digestible content. seeing as how well developed the cbs network is, there is no shortage of columns, insight, and opinion that comes from’s dedicated team of journalists.
new york post
the new york post might not be the first newspaper that comes to mind when one thinks of getting islanders news, but there is certainly reason enough to follow brett as he does a fantastic job covering the islanders and teams.
the #isles were in on vanek at the end, offered “right around the same” that he signed for (3yrs, $6.5m/per) in minn., according to source. brett (@brettcyrgalis) july 1, 2014
bridgeport sound tigers
the islanders have what is considered one of the deepest prospect pools in the, and some of those highly touted youngsters are playing with the sound tigers right now. for all information regarding some up and coming prospects in the isles’ pipeline, following the sound tigers is a bet.
lighthouse hockey
lighthouse hockey covers all angles of islanders hockey and is consistent with their analysis of the team. from their fearless leader, dominik, to their master of satire, dan saraceni, lighthouse hockey is as good a resource for news and opinion on the isles as any on the web.
sparse #isles and bits: the kids go home from camp, doesn't make it. dominik & (@lhhockey) july 14, 2014
islanders insight
having a ton of hands on deck necessarily indicate quality work, but that certainly the case for islanders insight as every member of their team is as dedicated to the isles as one can possibly be. andy graziano, rich dias-rodrigues, michael willhoft, and chris are just some of the brilliant minds that go into making islanders insight the functioning machine that it is. if looking for quality coverage of the islanders, then look no further, these guys have you covered.
excellent amateur video here and fitting heading into last season at nvmc. #isles islanders insight (@islesinsight) july 13, 2014
islanders point blank
part of the network, islanders point blank has a solid team of writers which is headlined by kevin schultz and christian arnold. with some solid coverage from inside of the isles’ locker-room, islanders point blank is a good resource for game recaps and team analysis.
lib magazine
lib magazine also covers events in and around long island, and matt definitely makes sure to keep isles fans up to date by providing a stream of steady content during the season. much like the others mentioned on this list, is also a very active twitter personality, so islanders fans will definitely want to give him a follow.
tcl isles
the checking line has a number of writers covering a multitude of teams, and rob mcgowan takes care of the duties for the islanders edition of. as a credentialed member of the media, mcgowan weaves together an entertaining narrative while sticking to the facts.
who to follow?
with so many accounts mentioned in this post, not every blog or social media personality might have been mentioned, but that is not to say that they deserve to be on the list. of course, fans will be free to choose who they do and do not follow on twitter, but that is the beauty of the social media universe as people can decide on what level they want to interact with those that cover the new york islanders. | wɪθ ðə dræft, fri ˈeɪʤənsi, ənd ðə ˈprɑspɛkt ˈskrɪmɪʤ ɔˈrɛdi ˈfɪnɪʃt, ˈaɪləndərz fænz məst bi ˈæŋkʃəsli əˈweɪtɪŋ ðə stɑrt əv ðə ˈhɑki ˈsizən ɛz ðə deɪz wɪnd daʊn tɪ ðə stɑrt əv ðə ˈsizən. ˈæftər ˈmeɪkɪŋ səm ˈsɑləd səˈlɛkʃənz ɪn ðə 2014 ˈɛntri dræft (ˈmaɪkəl dæl koʊl, ˈʤɑˌʃuə ho-sang*, ɛt æl.), gɑrθ snoʊ kənˈtɪnjud tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs hɪz nidz ɛz hi saɪnd ʧæd ˈʤɑnsən, mɪˈkeɪl grabovski*, ənd ˈnɪkoʊˌlaɪ əˈməŋst ˈəðər pleɪərz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɪθ ˈɔlˌmoʊst θri mənθs əv taɪm lɛft ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈrɛgjələr ˈsizən kɪks ɔf, ˈaɪləndərz fænz (ˈmeɪnˌsteɪz ˈnuˌkəmərz) maɪt nɑt hæv ɛz məʧ ˈkəvərɪʤ əv ðɛr bɪˈləvəd tim ɛz ðeɪ ər juzd tɪ ˈdʊrɪŋ iʧ ˈhɑki ˈsizən. waɪl nuz maɪt bi hɑrd tɪ kəm baɪ ənˈlɛs ðɛr ɪz ə ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ ˈɪnʤəri ər ˈblɑkˌbəstər treɪd ˈɔlˌweɪz gʊd tɪ noʊ wɛr wən kʊd gɪt rɪˈlaɪəbəl nuz frəm ə ˈtrəstɪd sɔrs. soʊ, wɪˈθaʊt ˈfərðər əˈdu, ðə ˈhɑki ˈraɪtərz brɪŋz aɪlz fænz səm blɔgz ənd tˈwɪtər əˈkaʊnts ðət kʊd bi ɪkˈstrimli ˈjusfəl tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ənd ɪf ðɛr ər səm ɪˈgriʤəs oʊˈmɪʃənz, ðɛn pliz du liv ˈjuˈɛs ə ˈkɑmɛnt ənd lɛt ˈjuˈɛs noʊ ɪf ˈɛni əˈkaʊnt ər blɔg wɑz glɔst ˈoʊvər. nu jɔrk ˈaɪləndərz ðə nu jɔrk islanders’*’ ˈwɛbˌsaɪt brɪŋz səm əv ðə bɛst, ənd moʊst ˈizəli ˈækˌsɛst, tim ˈkəvərɪʤ ɔn ðə nɛt. ˈkɔˌri raɪt, ˈɛrɪk ˈhɔrnɪk (ðə ˈskɪni), ənd braɪən ˈkɑmptən (nhl.com*) kənˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðə ˈɑrtɪkəlz ɔn ðə saɪt, ənd ðɛr ər ə bənʧ əv ˌɪnərˈæktɪv ˈfiʧərz fər fænz ɛz ˈvɪdioʊz əv ˈɪntərvˌjuz, ˈɪntərvˌjuz wɪθ ˈprɑspɛkts, ənd ˈəpˌdeɪts ɔn ðə isles’*’ ˈmaɪnər lig əˈfɪliˌeɪt ðə ˈbrɪʤˌpɔrt saʊnd ˈtaɪgərz ər ˈrɛdəli əˈveɪləbəl. ˈnɛtˌwərk pərˈhæps ðə ˈoʊnli θɪŋ ˈmɪsɪŋ frəm ðə lɪst bɪˈloʊ wʊd bi ə haʊi roʊz tˈwɪtər əˈkaʊnt. wɪθ ə kæst ɔn ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk, ðɛr ɪz ə lɔt əv kˈwɑləti rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ðət ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk həz tɪ ˈɔfər. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz səʧ ɛz stæn ˈfɪʃələr, bʊʧ ˈgɔrɪŋ, məkˈdɑnəld, ˈɛrɪk ˈhɔrnɪk, ənd ˈpitər hæv ˈgɪvɪn aɪlz fænz səm əv ðə bɛst ˈkəvərɪʤ ənd æˈnælɪsɪs ðət ðeɪ kʊd æsk fər bi ɪt ˌbiˈfɔr, ˈdʊrɪŋ, ər ˈæftər ə geɪm ənd ðɛr ˈprɛzəns ɪn ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˈjunəˌvərs ɪz ʤɪst ɛz bɪg. #aɪlz ləv wət gɑrθ snoʊ həz dən ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsəmər, bət wɪθ ðə ˈɛkstrə ˈfɔrwərdz lʊk fər ɪm tɪ əkˈwaɪər ə ər væn bʊʧ ˈgɔrɪŋ 91butch*) ˌʤuˈlaɪ 3 2014 ˈnuzˌdeɪ sɪns 1940 ˈnuzˌdeɪ həz bɪn prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈkəvərɪʤ əv ɪˈvɛnts ɪn ənd əraʊnd lɔŋ ˈaɪlənd. əv kɔrs, ðə nu jɔrk ˈaɪləndərz əraɪv ɔn ðə ˈhɑki sin ənˈtɪl 1972 bət ðɛr ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt ˈsərtənli geɪv ðə lɔŋ ˈpeɪpər ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈɛriə əv ˈkəvərɪʤ ɪn ðə spɔrts ərˈinə. fər ðə læst fju ˈsizənz, ˈɑrθər ˈsteɪpəl həz sərvd ɛz ðə islanders’*’ fər ˈnuzˌdeɪ prəˈvaɪdɪŋ rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsizən ənd ðə offseason*. nɑt ˈoʊnli dɪz ˈsteɪpəl ˈproʊdus ˈɛksələnt ɔn ðə ˈaɪləndərz, hɪz ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˈprɛzəns ɪz trɪˈmɛndəs, ənd ɪz ə fər ˈɛni ˈpərsən ðət ɪz ˈiðər nu tɪ ðə ˈaɪləndərz ər ðə twittersphere*. vɪl naʊ (wɑz ə. (wɑz ɑr. naʊ (wɑz ʤi. ˈraɪnˌhɑrt əp tɪ 217 frəm 202 ˈɑrθər ˈsteɪpəl (@stapenewsday*) ˌʤuˈlaɪ 8 2014 ˈsiˌbiˌɛs nu jɔrk ˈfiʧərz səm əv ðə bɛst, ənd moʊst ˈæktɪv, ˌpərsəˈnælɪtiz ðət ˈkəvər ðə ˈaɪləndərz. wɪθ ˈrɪtən ˈɑrtɪkəlz ənd ˈvɛriəs ˈɑdiˌoʊ ənd ˈvɪdioʊ klɪps rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ˈaɪləndərz, saɪt ɪz ˈizi tɪ ˈnævəˌgeɪt ənd gɪvz fænz ə ˈplɛθərə əv daɪˈʤɛstəbəl ˈkɑntɛnt. siɪŋ ɛz haʊ wɛl dɪˈvɛləpt ðə ˈsiˌbiˌɛs ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪz, ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈʃɔrtɪʤ əv ˈkɑləmz, ˈɪnˌsaɪt, ənd əˈpɪnjən ðət kəmz frəm ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd tim əv ˈʤərnəlɪsts. nu jɔrk poʊst ðə nu jɔrk poʊst maɪt nɑt bi ðə fərst ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ðət kəmz tɪ maɪnd wɪn wən θɪŋks əv ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈaɪləndərz nuz, bət ðɛr ɪz ˈsərtənli ˈrizən ɪˈnəf tɪ ˈfɑloʊ brɛt ɛz hi dɪz ə fænˈtæstɪk ʤɑb ˈkəvərɪŋ ðə ˈaɪləndərz ənd timz. ðə #aɪlz wər ɪn ɔn væˈnɛk æt ðə ɛnd, ˈɔfərd əraʊnd ðə same”*” ðət hi saɪnd fər 3yrs*, 6.5m/per*) ɪn minn*., əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ sɔrs. brɛt (@brettcyrgalis*) ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1 2014 ˈbrɪʤˌpɔrt saʊnd ˈtaɪgərz ðə ˈaɪləndərz hæv wət ɪz kənˈsɪdərd wən əv ðə ˈdipəst ˈprɑspɛkt pulz ɪn ðə, ənd səm əv ðoʊz ˈhaɪli ˈtaʊtɪd ˈjəŋstərz ər pleɪɪŋ wɪθ ðə saʊnd ˈtaɪgərz raɪt naʊ. fər ɔl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ səm əp ənd ˈkəmɪŋ ˈprɑspɛkts ɪn ðə isles’*’ ˈpaɪˌplaɪn, ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə saʊnd ˈtaɪgərz ɪz ə bɛt. ˈlaɪˌthaʊs ˈhɑki ˈlaɪˌthaʊs ˈhɑki ˈkəvərz ɔl ˈæŋgəlz əv ˈaɪləndərz ˈhɑki ənd ɪz kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ ðɛr æˈnælɪsɪs əv ðə tim. frəm ðɛr ˈfɪrləs ˈlidər, dəˈmɪnɪk, tɪ ðɛr ˈmæstər əv ˈsæˌtaɪər, dæn sɑrɑˈʧɛni, ˈlaɪˌthaʊs ˈhɑki ɪz ɛz gʊd ə ˈrisɔrs fər nuz ənd əˈpɪnjən ɔn ðə aɪlz ɛz ˈɛni ɔn ðə wɛb. spɑrs #aɪlz ənd bɪts: ðə kɪdz goʊ hoʊm frəm kæmp, ˈdəzənt meɪk ɪt. dəˈmɪnɪk (@lhhockey*) ˌʤuˈlaɪ 14 2014 ˈaɪləndərz ˈɪnˌsaɪt ˈhævɪŋ ə tən əv hænz ɔn dɛk ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ˈɪndəˌkeɪt kˈwɑləti wərk, bət ðət ˈsərtənli ðə keɪs fər ˈaɪləndərz ˈɪnˌsaɪt ɛz ˈɛvəri ˈmɛmbər əv ðɛr tim ɪz ɛz ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd tɪ ðə aɪlz ɛz wən kən ˈpɑsəbli bi. ˈændi grɑtsiˈɑnoʊ, rɪʧ dias-rodrigues*, ˈmaɪkəl willhoft*, ənd krɪs ər ʤɪst səm əv ðə ˈbrɪljənt maɪndz ðət goʊ ˈɪntu ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈaɪləndərz ˈɪnˌsaɪt ðə ˈfəŋkʃənɪŋ məˈʃin ðət ɪt ɪz. ɪf ˈlʊkɪŋ fər kˈwɑləti ˈkəvərɪʤ əv ðə ˈaɪləndərz, ðɛn lʊk noʊ ˈfərðər, ðiz gaɪz hæv ju ˈkəvərd. ˈɛksələnt ˈæməˌʧər ˈvɪdioʊ hir ənd ˈfɪtɪŋ ˈhɛdɪŋ ˈɪntu læst ˈsizən æt nvmc*. #aɪlz ˈaɪləndərz ˈɪnˌsaɪt (@islesinsight*) ˌʤuˈlaɪ 13 2014 ˈaɪləndərz pɔɪnt blæŋk pɑrt əv ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk, ˈaɪləndərz pɔɪnt blæŋk həz ə ˈsɑləd tim əv ˈraɪtərz wɪʧ ɪz ˈhɛˌdlaɪnd baɪ ˈkɛvɪn ʃʊlts ənd ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˈɑrnəld. wɪθ səm ˈsɑləd ˈkəvərɪʤ frəm ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv ðə isles’*’ locker-room*, ˈaɪləndərz pɔɪnt blæŋk ɪz ə gʊd ˈrisɔrs fər geɪm ˈriˌkæps ənd tim æˈnælɪsɪs. lɪb ˈmægəˌzin lɪb ˈmægəˌzin ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkəvərz ɪˈvɛnts ɪn ənd əraʊnd lɔŋ ˈaɪlənd, ənd mæt ˈdɛfənətli meɪks ʃʊr tɪ kip aɪlz fænz əp tɪ deɪt baɪ prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ə strim əv ˈstɛdi ˈkɑntɛnt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsizən. məʧ laɪk ðə ˈəðərz ˈmɛnʃənd ɔn ðɪs lɪst, ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə ˈvɛri ˈæktɪv tˈwɪtər ˌpərsəˈnælɪti, soʊ ˈaɪləndərz fænz wɪl ˈdɛfənətli wɔnt tɪ gɪv ɪm ə ˈfɑloʊ. aɪlz ðə ˈʧɛkɪŋ laɪn həz ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈraɪtərz ˈkəvərɪŋ ə ˈməltəˌtud əv timz, ənd rɑb məˈgaʊən teɪks kɛr əv ðə ˈdutiz fər ðə ˈaɪləndərz ɪˈdɪʃən əv. ɛz ə krəˈdɛnʃəld ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˈmidiə, məˈgaʊən wivz təˈgɛðər ən ˌɛnərˈteɪnɪŋ ˈnɛrətɪv waɪl ˈstɪkɪŋ tɪ ðə fækts. hu tɪ ˈfɑloʊ? wɪθ soʊ ˈmɛni əˈkaʊnts ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn ðɪs poʊst, nɑt ˈɛvəri blɔg ər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˌpərsəˈnælɪti maɪt hæv bɪn ˈmɛnʃənd, bət ðət ɪz nɑt tɪ seɪ ðət ðeɪ dɪˈzərv tɪ bi ɔn ðə lɪst. əv kɔrs, fænz wɪl bi fri tɪ ʧuz hu ðeɪ du ənd du nɑt ˈfɑloʊ ɔn tˈwɪtər, bət ðət ɪz ðə ˈbjuti əv ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˈjunəˌvərs ɛz ˈpipəl kən ˌdɪˈsaɪd ɔn wət ˈlɛvəl ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ ðoʊz ðət ˈkəvər ðə nu jɔrk ˈaɪləndərz. |
four migrants have been charged with rape in norway after allegedly assaulting their friend, whom they knew before arriving in europe, local media report. video of the apparent crime made by the accused has become key evidence in the case.
the incident took place at the convention center in on december 4, 2015, according to the media outlet.
the four men three in their and one in his are accused of raping and beating up their friend, who was then taken to hospital in serious condition.
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the victim and the attackers reportedly knew each other well from before fleeing syria for europe.
the three accused, asylum seekers in, were remanded in custody after the incident in december. the fourth man was arrested this friday in stockholm, as he had swedish residency and only visited the camp when the crime took place.
“there has been a long interrogation of all the accused men and they will also provide a legal statement,” lise dalhaug, a police attorney, told the paper. “we have video of the attacks that the accused themselves recorded.”
the investigators believe the migrant in his was the mastermind behind the alleged rape and the grievous bodily harm caused.
the man is said to have admitted to being present at the scene when the alleged rape occurred, but denied his guilt. the migrant says the footage of the incident obtained by the police was misrepresented and gives only a limited picture of the actual events, according to his lawyers.
norway has recently launched classes for migrants, after more than a women were assaulted by groups of men described by some as asylum seekers on new year's eve in the german city of cologne.
read more: iraqi refugee raped boy in austria, says it was ‘sexual emergency’
news of such cases of alleged rape and sexual crimes are common across europe, which accepted more than a million refugees from countries in the middle east. earlier in february, austria was shocked by the news of an iraqi refugee in vienna raping a boy at a swimming pool in vienna. | fɔr ˈmaɪgrənts hæv bɪn ʧɑrʤd wɪθ reɪp ɪn ˈnɔrˌweɪ ˈæftər əˈlɛʤədli əˈsɔltɪŋ ðɛr frɛnd, hum ðeɪ nu ˌbiˈfɔr ərˈaɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈjʊrəp, ˈloʊkəl ˈmidiə rɪˈpɔrt. ˈvɪdioʊ əv ðə əˈpɛrənt kraɪm meɪd baɪ ðə əˈkjuzd həz bɪˈkəm ki ˈɛvədəns ɪn ðə keɪs. ðə ˈɪnsədənt tʊk pleɪs æt ðə kənˈvɛnʃən ˈsɛnər ɪn ɔn dɪˈsɛmbər 4 2015 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈmidiə ˈaʊˌtlɛt. ðə fɔr mɛn θri ɪn ðɛr ənd wən ɪn hɪz ər əˈkjuzd əv ˈreɪpɪŋ ənd ˈbitɪŋ əp ðɛr frɛnd, hu wɑz ðɛn ˈteɪkən tɪ ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ɪn ˈsɪriəs kənˈdɪʃən. rɛd mɔr ðə ˈvɪktɪm ənd ðə əˈtækərz rɪˈpɔrtədli nu iʧ ˈəðər wɛl frəm ˌbiˈfɔr fliɪŋ ˈsɪriə fər ˈjʊrəp. ðə θri əˈkjuzd, əˈsaɪləm ˈsikərz ɪn, wər rɪˈmændɪd ɪn ˈkəstədi ˈæftər ðə ˈɪnsədənt ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər. ðə fɔrθ mæn wɑz ərˈɛstɪd ðɪs ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ɪn ˈstɑˌkhoʊlm, ɛz hi hæd sˈwidɪʃ ˈrɛzɪdənsi ənd ˈoʊnli ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə kæmp wɪn ðə kraɪm tʊk pleɪs. həz bɪn ə lɔŋ ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən əv ɔl ðə əˈkjuzd mɛn ənd ðeɪ wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈvaɪd ə ˈligəl statement,”*,” laɪz dalhaug*, ə pəˈlis əˈtərni, toʊld ðə ˈpeɪpər. hæv ˈvɪdioʊ əv ðə əˈtæks ðət ðə əˈkjuzd ðɛmˈsɛlvz recorded.”*.” ðə ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz bɪˈliv ðə ˈmaɪgrənt ɪn hɪz wɑz ðə ˈmæstərˌmaɪnd bɪˈhaɪnd ðə əˈlɛʤd reɪp ənd ðə ˈgrivəs ˈbɑdəli hɑrm kɔzd. ðə mæn ɪz sɛd tɪ hæv ədˈmɪtəd tɪ biɪŋ ˈprɛzənt æt ðə sin wɪn ðə əˈlɛʤd reɪp əˈkərd, bət dɪˈnaɪd hɪz gɪlt. ðə ˈmaɪgrənt sɪz ðə ˈfʊtɪʤ əv ðə ˈɪnsədənt əbˈteɪnd baɪ ðə pəˈlis wɑz ˌmɪsrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ənd gɪvz ˈoʊnli ə ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈpɪkʧər əv ðə ˈækʧəwəl ɪˈvɛnts, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ hɪz ˈlɔjərz. ˈnɔrˌweɪ həz ˈrisəntli lɔnʧt ˈklæsɪz fər ˈmaɪgrənts, ˈæftər mɔr ðən ə ˈwɪmən wər əˈsɔltɪd baɪ grups əv mɛn dɪˈskraɪbd baɪ səm ɛz əˈsaɪləm ˈsikərz ɔn nu jɪrz iv ɪn ðə ˈʤərmən ˈsɪti əv kəˈloʊn. rɛd mɔr: ˌɪˈræki ˈrɛfjuʤi reɪpt bɔɪ ɪn ˈɔstriə, sɪz ɪt wɑz emergency’*’ nuz əv səʧ ˈkeɪsɪz əv əˈlɛʤd reɪp ənd ˈsɛkʃuəl kraɪmz ər ˈkɑmən əˈkrɔs ˈjʊrəp, wɪʧ ækˈsɛptɪd mɔr ðən ə ˈmɪljən ˈrɛfˌjuʤiz frəm ˈkəntriz ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ist. ˈərliər ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri, ˈɔstriə wɑz ʃɑkt baɪ ðə nuz əv ən ˌɪˈræki ˈrɛfjuʤi ɪn viˈɛnə ˈreɪpɪŋ ə bɔɪ æt ə sˈwɪmɪŋ pul ɪn viˈɛnə. |
detailed response book of mormon
elder christofferson quote
the absence of evidence is not proof. one small example: matthew roper in a blog on june 17, 2013, writes about a criticism repeated many times over the years about the mention of steel in the book of mormon. in 1884, one critic wrote,laban’s sword was steel, when it is a notorious fact that the israelites knew nothing of steel for hundreds of years afterwards. who but as ignorant a person as rigdon would have perpetuated all these blunders.” more recently, thomas in 1957 stated,every commentator on the book of mormon has pointed out the many cultural and historical anachronisms, such as the steel sword of laban in 600 b.c.” we had no answer to these critics at the time, but as often happens in these matters, new discoveries in later yearsed new light. roper reports,it is increasingly apparent that the practice of hardening iron through deliberate carburization, quenching and tempering was well known to the ancient world from which came. ‘it seems evident,’ notes one recent authority, ‘that by the beginning of the tenth century b.c. were intentionally iron.’” in 1987, the ensign reported that had unearthed a long steel sword near jericho dating back to the late seventh century b.c., probably to the reign of king josiah who diedortly before began to prophesy. this sword is now on display at israel museum. the explanatory sign reads in part,the sword is made of iron hardened into steel, attesting to substantial metallurgical know-how.” —elder d. todd christofferson, "the prophet joseph smith",
brigham young devotional, september 24, 2013.
jeremy's response
elder christofferson creates the following: "there was steel in the middle east around the time of, so maybe there was steel in america at the same time."
the problem, however, lie with the ability or knowledge to produce steel at the time lived. the problem lies in the fact that no ancient american steel tools or weapons (or traces or evidence of them or their manufacture) have ever been found. elder christofferson is using a by sidestepping the actual argument (that no steel has ever been found in ancient america) and refuting a weaker argument (that steel was not capable of being manufactured at the time of).
the book of mormon describes vast battles, with military forces dwarfing those of the roman empire (the roman military maxed out around soldiers) involving the heavy use of metallurgy. contrary to the accounts in the book of mormon, not a single steel sword, helmet, armor, chariot, spear, etc. has been found.
there is zero evidence for the argument elder christofferson failed to address. no steel has ever been found in ancient america. that steel was manufactured in the seventh century in the middle east has no bearing on whether steel was manufactured or used on a massive scale in ancient america, as depicted in the book of mormon. argument is like saying,the chinese could make fireworks a long time ago, so maybe the europeans could likewise make fireworks at the same time.” sure, they maybe could have, but there is no evidence that they did.
while it is true that the of evidence does not necessarily prove (with 100% certainty) that something never existed, the absence of evidence does decrease the likelihood that something existed. the notion that the absence of evidence is evidence of absence is not just a rule of thumb it is a law of probability theory. if there is some hypothesis h and some event e such that p(e|h) > p(e), we know that p(h|e) > p(h), ore is evidence in favor of h.” if this is the case, it is also true that p(~e|h) <p(~e), so we can conclude that p(h|~e) <p(h), ornot observing e lowers the probability of h.” this video demonstrates mathematical proof that absence of evidence is evidence of absence.
mormon apologists and now the church (since one of its apostles just used it) often commit the fallacy of equivocation with theabsence of evidence” phrase, which can have multiple implied definitions:
the most useful definition ofabsence of evidence” islack of data.”
there is another definition:lack of presence.”
these are not the same things. if you check some area for steel artifacts and do not find any, you havelack of data.” you have data. you know that there are no steel artifacts in that area. you get a instead of a in your grid for that ground. in the case of steel in north america, we can have checked a sufficient % of the ground for evidence of steel, find nothing, and actually have lots of data, not just an ‘absence of evidence’ (lack of presence).
here is an analogy to further illustrate this point:
banana-ist: a bananay that leaves everyone in the world bananas on their pillow in the morning.
a-banana-ist: never had a banana on my pillow in the morning so therefore the thing you describe exist.
banana-ist: aha! but absence of evidence evidence of absence!
a-banana-ist: not talking about ‘absence of evidence,’ the ‘lack of bananas’ in this case is actually evidence that disproves your assertion, because your bananay has the property ofleaving bananas on pillow in the morning.” there may be otheries with other properties, but i have evidence of a lack of bananas, and that is evidence of the absence of a bananay.
and here's an even more obvious analogy:
someone claims that they keep an elephant in their garage. a perfectly normal and visible large gray elephant. you go to look and you cannot see any elephant. you enter the garage, which is quite small, and look around. there is no elephant smell or any elephant droppings. in fact, there is a total lack of evidence of any sort which would indicate or suggest there is an elephant in the garage. you would quite reasonably assume that the absence of elephantine evidence indicated the absence of the elephant.
the book of mormon is an elephant in a garage. like the elephant, it makes enough claims that virtually certain find evidence after almost 200 years of searching. so, not finding any evidence is evidence against the book and its claims.
fairmormonould know better than to make a claim without evidence only to turn around and ask for it in return from the critics.
“what can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence.”
– christopher hitchens
what are 1769 king james version edition errors
doing in the book of mormon?
ces letter says...
"what are 1769 king james version edition errors doing in the book of mormon? an ancient text? errors which are unique to the 1769 edition that joseph smith owned?" agrees agrees that there are 1769 king james version errors present in the book of mormon.
fairmormon says...
it is known that oliver cowdery purchased a bible from e.b. grandin on 8 october 1829. the book of mormon copyright was registered on 11 june 1829, and the translation was completed in late june. prior to that time, the only bible joseph is known to have had access to was the smith family bible, which was not in his possession after he married and moved out of the smith home. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
this is just misdirection. here are the facts:
there are century additions (denoted by italics in the) in the book of mormon.
there are 1769 bible edition errors unique to only that edition present in the book of mormon.
fairmormon concedes below that while there are no reports from witnesses that joseph used an open bible, it is entirely possible that joseph had access to a bible during the period of translation .”
fairmormon awkwardly points to the mormon god himself as a possible source for putting unique 1769 edition errors and century italics in themost correct book on earth” book of mormon: ...we do not claim to know why the lord chose to reveal the biblical passages in that manner.
the presence of century italics and 1769 errors word for word in the book of mormon is its own damning evidence. these errors totally undermine the claim that josephtranslated” the book of mormon and the claim that the book of mormon is the most correct book on earth.
like a crime scene, we do not need a video recording or an affidavit from the suspect or a witness toow whether or not the suspect murdered with a gun. the body riddled with bullets and the presence ofell casings on the floor is sufficient evidence to establish the fact that the suspect used a pistol in the murder.
in the case of century italics and 1769 edition errors in an ancient text such as the book of mormon? whether or not we have direct evidence that joseph smith had a 1769 edition bible or access to it during translation is irrelevant and diversionary to the real question asked in a different way: why are there9mm bullets” in a body that existed only between 2200 421 ad? thousands of years before9mm bullets” even existed?
fairmormon says...
joseph dictated the text of most of the book of mormon in the open in front of witnesses using the stone and the hat, a point clearly acknowledged by critics of the church. these witnesses never reported that a bible or any other book was present during the translation. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
fairmormon acknowledges the evidence of 1769 errors and century italics in the book of mormon and the weakness of relying on the argument that the witnesses never reported that a bible or any other book was present during the translation, by conceding below that it is entirely possible that joseph had access to a bible during the period of translation.
that the witnesses never reported joseph looking at a 1769 bible during the translation process actually enhances the likelihood that the book of mormon is a fraud. ignoring the possibility that god himself revealed the errors, at best joseph was reciting from memory passages from the 1769 bible, rather thandictating,” as phrases it. at worst, joseph waited until the witnesses around to consult and copy from the 1769 bible.
in any event, the inclusion of errors unique to the 1769 bible edition and century italics in the book of mormon word for word is its own utterly damning evidence.
fairmormon says...
church answer:
the september 1977 ensign suggests that joseph may have adopted the isaiah passage wording from the king james bible:
in fact, the language in the sections of the book of mormon that correspond to parts of the bible is quite regularly selected by joseph smith, rather than obtained through independent translation. for instance, there are over 400 verses in which thete prophets quote from isaiah, and half of these appear precisely as the king james version renders them. summarizing the view taken by saint scholars on this point, daniel h. ludlow emphasizes the inherent variety of independent translation and concludes:there appears to be only one answer to explain the similarities between the verses of isaiah in the bible and the same verses in the book of mormon.” that is simply that joseph smith must have opened isaiah and tested each mentioned verse by the spirit:if his translation was essentially the same as that of the king james version, he apparently quoted the verse from the bible.” thus the old testament passages from isaiah display a particular choice of phraseology that suggests joseph general freedom throughout the book of mormon for optional wording.
—richard lloyd anderson, "by the gift and power of god," ensign (september 1977) (emphasis added) many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
this claim contradicts many accounts of how the translation actually happened. as book of mormon witness david whitmer described the translation method:
“joseph smith would put the seer stone into a hat, and put his face in the hat, drawing it closely around his face to exclude the light; and in the darkness the spiritual light wouldine. a piece of something resembling parchment would appear, and on that appeared the writing. one character at a time would appear, and under it was the interpretation in english. brother joseph would read off the english to oliver cowdery, who was his principal scribe, and when it was written down and repeated to brother joseph to see if it was correct, then it would disappear, and another character with the interpretation would appear.”
– quoted in elder russell m.a treasured testament”
fairmormon’s claim likewise contradicts several other witness accounts, including those of martin harris, and the recent gospel topics article on the translation process, which states thatjoseph placed either the interpreters or the seer stone in a hat, pressed his face into the hat to block out extraneous light, and read aloud the english words that appeared on the instrument.”
joseph did not have, according to these accounts, " general freedom " for optional wording in the book of mormon. the exact words came off the stone in the hat.
fairmormon says...
therefore, given that historical sources (and the critics) confirm that joseph dictated in the open in front of witnesses without consulting a bible, one possible conclusion that a believing member can reach to explain the presence of bible passages which match the king james version is that the lord revealed them to joseph in that manner. another possible conclusion is that when joseph encountered biblical passages, that he consulted a bible and simply used the text, although this does not explain how he managed to dictate it from memory. in either case, we do not claim to know why the lord chose to reveal the biblical passages in that manner. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
note: deleted the following response on:
“ the only description of the translation process that joseph smith ever gave was that it was performed by the ‘gift and power of god,’ and that the translation was performed using the ‘urim and.’ since joseph translated in the open using the stone and the hat, and witnesses never reported that a bible or any other book was present during the translation, the only conclusion that we can reach to explain the presence of bible passages which match the king james version is that the lord revealed them to joseph in that manner. we do not know the reason for this.
we know why but we know that god gave joseph smith 1769 king james edition errors unique to only the 1769 edition to put into the book of mormon? this is the best can do?
again, there is no legitimate reason for god to have revealed errors to joseph. the errors undermine the claims that the book of mormon is a translation and that it is the most correct book.
perhaps the reason why can only come to the conclusion that god gave joseph smith 1769 edition errors to put into the book of mormon is because refuses to acknowledge the possibility that god involved with the creation of the book of mormon at all.
fairmormon says...
quotes to consider
joseph smith stated the following in july 1838:
question 4th. how, and where did you obtain the book of mormon? answer. moroni, the person who deposited the plates, from whence the book of mormon was translated, in a hill in manchester, ontario county, new york, being dead, and raised again therefrom, appeared unto me, and told me where they were; and gave me directions how to obtain them. i obtained them and the and with them; by the means of which i translated the plates and thus came the book of mormon. (joseph smith, (july 1838) elders journal.) many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
the problem with 1838 claim is that untrue. joseph did not translate the book of mormon we have today with the and or the physical plates. he used a rock in a hat. a rock he found on his property in 1822. this is the exact same method that joseph used to con people out of their money in his treasure hunting business. concedes that joseph used a rock in a hat for translating the book of mormon here.
fairmormon says...
the author copied his information from the sitemormon handbook” many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
i am glad that brings this up as this is an excellent case study of how the church and mormon apologists use the orwelliananti-mormon” card as a scary in intimidating and discouraging saints from actually engaging in balanced research about the church and its history.
the following graphics and information are what i borrowed from the so-calledanti-mormon” mormon handbook website:
the above example, 2, dated in the book of mormon to be around 550, quotes nearly verbatim from the 1611 ad translation of isaiah including the translators’ words. additionally, joseph qualified the sea as the red sea. the problem with this is that (a) christ quoted isaiah in matt. and did not mention the red sea, (b)red” sea is not found in any source manuscripts, and (c) the red sea is 250 miles away.
in the above example, the translators added 7 words not found in the source hebrew manuscripts to its english translation. why does the book of mormon, completed years prior, contain the exact identical seven words of century translators?
notice that does not say that this is false, that a lie, or that incorrect.
the following hypothetical conversation between and an informed saint illustrates the weakness in’s criticism:
fairmormon:this information is copied from an ‘anti-mormon’ website!” informed saint:so? is it true or is it false that the book of mormon contains 1769 errors and century italics?”:well, yes, there are 1769 errors and century italics present in the book of god may have given them to joseph to put in there!” informed saint:…so…the claim that 1769 errors and century italics in the book of mormon is indeed valid and true? why did you pull out the ‘anti-mormon’ card then? what purpose did you hope to accomplish by bringing up the loaded ‘anti-mormon’ label to begin with? to scare and intimidate me from looking further into the evidence? to make me dismiss the entire claim altogether as soon as i heard the trigger words? to keep me from seeing that the critics at least in this case are correct?”
the above graphics from this so-calledanti-mormon” website simply list scriptures that every saint has access to. all you have to do is pull out the scriptures and compare the book of mormon verses to the bible verses to see that the century italics are indeed present in the supposed ancient book of mormon text.
fairmormon is just attempting to intimidate their saint readers from looking at the evidence by labeling itanti-mormon,” while ironically conceding that the evidence is true and factual.
mattares the problems and absurdities of the and mormon apologetic use of the "anti-mormon" card and how it does not serve saints in their quest for truth:
what are these century words doing in the book of mormon?
ces letter says...
the document asks why words from the king james bible are present in the book of mormon? agrees agrees that there are century king james version words present in the book of mormon.
fairmormon says...
there was no bible in evidence during the dictation, which was performed in the open in from of witnesses, as joseph looked into the stone in the hat.
it is entirely possible that joseph had access to a bible during the period of translation, despite the fact that no witnesses ever reported this. in this case, joseph may have simply selected the wording of these passages to represent what was revealed to him. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
“ in this case, joseph may have simply selected the wording of these passages to represent what was revealed to him.
there are major problems with this assertion. first, no witness account of the translation process confirms that joseph consulted the bible during the process. second, the official 2013 church article on the translation process, as well as contemporary eyewitness accounts, contradict this assertion. as stated above, the recent gospel topics article states thatjoseph placed either the interpreters or the seer stone in a hat, pressed his face into the hat to block out extraneous light, and read aloud the english words that appeared on the instrument.”
next, book of mormon witness david whitmer (as well as other witnesses) debunks’sloose translation” theory:
“joseph smith would put the seer stone into a hat, and put his face in the hat, drawing it closely around his face to exclude the light; and in the darkness the spiritual light wouldine. a piece of something resembling parchment would appear, and on that appeared the writing. one character at a time would appear, and under it was the interpretation in english. brother joseph would read off the english to oliver cowdery, who was his principal scribe, and when it was written down and repeated to brother joseph to see if it was correct, then it would disappear, and another character with the interpretation would appear.”
– quoted in elder russell m.a treasured testament”
the key concession made by here is their acknowledgment that it is indeed possible that joseph consulted the bible for writing the book of mormon. this is supported by the damning evidence of 1769 errors and century italics word for word in the book of mormon.
the book of mormon includes biblical passages
that were later changed in joseph translation of the bible.
ces letter says...
the book of mormon includes biblical passages
that were later changed in joseph translation of the bible. agrees agrees that the book of mormon contains passages that were later changed in translation of the bible.
fairmormon says...
if joseph copied biblical passages during the book of mormon translation to represent ideas expresses by isaiah (as suggested in the september 1977 ensign), then it is understandable that he changed or corrected some of these instances during his work on thejoseph smith translation” of the bible. joseph did not claim to be mechanically preserving some hypothetically ‘perfect’ biblical text. rather, joseph used the extant king james text as a basis for commentary, expansion, and clarification based upon revelation, with particular attention to issues of doctrinal importance for the modern reader. modern readers are accustomed to thinking of a ‘translation’ as only the conversion of text in one language to another. but, joseph used the term in a broader and more inclusive sense, which included explanation, commentary, and harmonization. the is probably best understood in this light. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
contrary to’s assertion above that god himself revealed the 1769 errors to joseph, is conceding here that joseph copied text over to the book of mormon.
according to the september 1977 ensign, joseph smith was sitting there translating the book of when he recognized the text as isaiah, stopped the translation, put down his hat and magical rock, picked up his 1769 bible, and copied over the isaiah verses including its unique 1769 errors and italics into themost correct book” book of mormon.
am i really supposed to take this seriously?
why would joseph need to do this? how does it make any sense that joseph stops translation coming direct from god to grab errors and italics from a book that has been corrupted over the centuries through numerous translations? a bible that joseph later pointed to as needing correction and which hecorrected” in hisinspired” translation of the bible?
in any event, this scenario is contradicted by eyewitness accounts of the translation process, as well as the process described by the december 2013 gospel topics article.
“ modern readers are accustomed to thinking of a 'translation' as only the conversion of text in one language to another.
this make sense, given the multitude of sources (including the gospel topics article) supporting atight” translation method, including the following account from david whitmer:
“joseph smith would put the seer stone into a hat, and put his face in the hat, drawing it closely around his face to exclude the light; and in the darkness the spiritual light wouldine. a piece of something resembling parchment would appear, and on that appeared the writing. one character at a time would appear, and under it was the interpretation in english. brother joseph would read off the english to oliver cowdery, who was his principal scribe, and when it was written down and repeated to brother joseph to see if it was correct, then it would disappear, and another character with the interpretation would appear.”
– quoted in elder russell m.a treasured testament”
if the bible verses were good enough for the "most correct book," there is no reason to change them in the of the bible (other than to obfuscate the plagiarism). if joseph was trying to make the bible more correct, he would not change something that was correct according to isaiah.
as i have stated in the letter:
joseph smith corrected the bible. in doing so, he also corrected the same identical passage in the book of mormon. the book of mormon isthe most correct book” and was translated a mere decade before the. the book of mormon was not corrupted over time and did not need correcting. how is it that the book of mormon still has the incorrect passage and does not match the in the first place?
dna analysis has concluded that native american
indians do not originate from the middle east
ces letter says...
“dna analysis has concluded that native american indians do not originate from the middle east or from israelites but rather from asia.” the author then asks why the church changed the introduction to the book of mormon from…thes, and they are the principal ancestors of the american indians” to…thes, and they are among the ancestors of the american indians”. agrees agrees that dna evidence do notow middle eastern or israelite dna in native american indians but attempt to diminish this with their unsupported integration theory.
fairmormon agrees that church changed book of mormon introduction in 2006.
fairmormon says...
the church made the change to remove the assumption, inserted into the book of mormon introduction in the 1920's, that all of the inhabitants of the americas were descendants of. this had been the generally held belief from the time that the church was restored. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
important note: the church made's opinions and theories obsolete by releasing its official essay on the book of mormon and dna studies.
the church's official january 2014 essay can be read here.
a critic's response to the church's official book of mormon and dna studies essay can be read here.
i like how calls a 170+ year mormon teaching believed and taught byprophets, seers, and” anassumption.” it was not anassumption.” it was a teaching accepted and taught by theseprophets, seers, and,” including joseph smith himself, for most of the entire existence until the church quietly and unofficially made the change in the book of mormon in 2006, after the dna evidence started pouring in.
the prophet joseph smith disagrees with’sintegration” andlimited geography” theories. this is what joseph stated in the march 1, 1842 wentworth letter:
“in this important and interesting book the history of ancient america is unfolded, from its first settlement by a colony that came from the tower of babel at the confusion of languages to the beginning of the fifth century of the christian era. we are informed by these records that america in ancient times has been inhabited by two distinct races of people. the first were called and came directly from the tower of babel. the second race came directly from the city of jerusalem about six hundred years before christ. they were principally israelites of the descendants of joseph. the were destroyed about the time that the israelites came from jerusalem, who succeeded them in the inheritance of the country. the principal nation of the second race fell in battle towards the close of the fourth century.” (emphasis added).
thus, the prophet joseph smith claimed that america was uninhabited prior to the arrival of the around, which we now know is incorrect. joseph also claims that came from the tower of babel, an event that respectable biblical scholars, linguistics, and scientists all concur as not being a literal event.
perhaps for this very reason that the church omitted this very paragraph from its teachings of presidents of the church: joseph smith on.org. notice that the entire wentworth letter is there word for word except for the above paragraph.
what’s hilarious about this is that joseph smith gave explicit instructions thatall that iall ask at his hands is that he publish the account entire, ungarnished, and without misrepresentation” in the header of the letter and here his own church in the century is not following the own instructions by editing the letter and omitting and hiding the above paragraph of the letter from members of the church in its joseph smith manual.
perhaps even more important than what joseph himself believed is how joseph claimed to have received this knowledge regarding the ancient american inhabitants. specifically, joseph claimed to have received this knowledge from moroni and other angels. joseph described the teachings he received from moroni in the wentworth letter:
"i was also informed concerning the aboriginal inhabitants of this country [america] andown who they were, and from whence they came; a brief sketch of their origin, progress, civilization, laws, governments, of their righteousness and iniquity, and the blessings of god being finally withdrawn from them as a people, was [also] made known unto me; i was also told where were deposited some plates on which were an of the records of the ancient prophets that had existed on this continent. the angel appeared to me three times the same night and unfolded the same things. after having received many visits from the angels of god, unfolding the majesty and glory of the events thatould transpire in the last days, on the morning of the of september, a.d. 1827, the angel of the lord delivered the records into my hands." (emphasis added).
indeed, moroni visited joseph at least 22 times over the course of life. in addition, elder john taylor taught that joseph smith was visited by, who would have had knowledge of the accuracy of theintegration” theory.
joseph’s mother, lucy mack smith, described knowledge of the ancient americans, which joseph relayed after initial visit:
"during our evening conversations, joseph would occasionally give us some of the most amusing recitals [reports] that could be imagined. he would describe the ancient inhabitants of this continent, their dress, mode of traveling, and the animals upon which they rode; their cities, their buildings, with every particular; their mode of warfare; and also their religious worship. this he would do with as much ease, seemingly, as if he had spent his whole life with them."
inort, joseph did not merely believe that the people described in the book of mormon were the original inhabitants, he claimed to have been informed as much by angelic visitors. thus, in order to believe in anintegration” orlimited geography” theory, one must believe not only that joseph was mistaken in his beliefs, but also that angelic ministers (some of whom were ancient inhabitants themselves) deliberately misled joseph when teaching him about the origins of ancient inhabitants. i seriously doubt that chapel mormons are prepared to believe in lying angels.
another example of this teaching being accepted and taught by a prophet was spencer w.of royal blood” talk in the july 1971 ensign, which is quoted below.
fairmormon says...
this change makes the book of mormon introduction compatible with current dna evidence and acknowledges the fact that's group likely intermingled with the native inhabitants of the american continents based upon current knowledge of the dna composition of the inhabitants of the new world. there is substantial scientific evidence of habitation in the americas for thousands of years prior to's arrival.” many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
the notion that & co.likely intermingled with existing natives” only ever came after dna sequencing in the and proved that and his offspring were not the only inhabitants of the americas after all. there is a reason why the belief that the inhabitants of the americas were descendants ofhad been the generally held belief from the time that the church was restored.” joseph smith believed in a hemispheric model, and he claimed to have been taught as much by angelic beings, at least one of which lived among the ancient civilizations himself. he believed that all of the native american indians were direct descendants of. he sent missionaries to thelamanites” to preach this teaching. so did theprophets, seers, and” after him. president spencer w. kimball was a major believer and proponent of the church teaching that the indians are the principal descendants or ancestors of. this is what kimball said regarding the indians:
“with pride i tell those who come to my office that a is a descendant of one who left jerusalem six hundred years before christ and with his family crossed the mighty deep and landed in america. and and his family became the ancestors of all of the indian and mestizo tribes in north and south and central america and in the islands of the sea, for in the middle of their history there were those who left america inips of their making and went to the islands of the sea. not until the revelations of joseph smith, bringing forth the book of mormon, did anyone know of these migrants. it was not known before, but now the question is fully answered. now thes number about sixty million; they are in all of the states of america from del all the way up to point barrows, and they are in nearly all the islands of the sea from hawaii south to new zealand the descendants of this mighty people were called indians by columbus in 1492 when he found them here. the term includes all indians and indian mixtures, such as polynesians, the guatemalans, the peruvians, as well as the sioux, the apache, the mohawk, the navajo, and others. it is a large group of great people.” spencer w. kimball,of royal blood,” ensign july 1971. (emphasis added)
the church does not officially acknowledge thatlehi’s group likely intermingled with the native inhabitants.” the church just quietly replacedprincipal” toamong the” in the book of mormon title page in 2006 after the dna verdicts came in. the church has been especially silent on the issue since the dna evidence surfaced. is attempting to put words into the mouth.
there is substantial scientific evidence of habitation in the americas for thousands of years prior to the claimed and yes, arrivals. there is no evidence, on the other hand, that and his familyintermingled with the native inhabitants of the american continents.”
there is no dna evidence of any hebrew or middle eastern markers in the dna composition of the natives of the americas.
it is a scientific fact that even if’s group had integrated, instead of being the sole occupants of the americas, as everyone in the church including its prophets, seers, and have long believed until dna came along, there would still be dna markers referencing a hebrew or middle eastern origin. the idea that it can be ‘filtered out’ through integration is almost as ridiculous as the idea that anubis is a human headed idolatrous priest known as "elkenah".
fairmormon quotes dr. simon comment made 5 years ago in 2008:
“in case anyone from is unclear i will repeat what i wrote four years a small group of israelites entered such a massive native population (several millions) it would be very, very hard to detect their genes.” now that has finally conceded that american indian dna is essentially all derived from asia, i also agree with them that the debateould be about the theology.” - dr. simon
dr., a former mormon bishop and the author oflosing a lost tribe: native americans, dna, and the mormon church,” has graciously provided me a personal rebuttal to the above hit-and-run quote that is quoting him on. the following is dr. email response to:
“i made the original statement at a time when whole genome sequence analysis was a long way off. it's true that if a small group (say 10 people) entered a massive population (say 1 million), that it would be hard to detect their or y chromosome dna. your odds would be roughly 1 in (10 in 1 million). but technology has moved very rapidly and whole genome studies are now almost routine. so, my original statement is no longer true. i discuss these recent developments in the following blog post: could generations of dna just disappear? my statement was intended to provoke the disappearing apologists to defend their theological position. they write a lot of nonsense about the science but they have been reluctant to put down into plain english the of the book of mormon that are required. they don't because they know that dangerous territory to fiddle too much with scripture.”
the entirecould generations of dna just disappear?” article is a must read. some of the following paragraphs from the article illustrate some of the several fascinating recent developments on dna and the book of mormon:
“the research on neanderthals and clearly illustrates that if ancestors of other ethnic backgrounds are hiding unnoticed in our family trees, traces of their dna can be found in our. even after tens of thousands of years. it is no longer reasonable to claim that dna cannot be found. the recent advances in whole genome sequencing and analysis have changed the research landscape. genetic tests are now so sensitive, that it is possible to detect a tiny fraction of a percent of mixed ancestry in a dna.”let's suspend disbelief for a moment and consider that the apologists are on to something, and all the prophets have been misguided. and his small band colonize a restricted region of the americas. the book of mormon records that's descendants multiplied exceedingly and spread upon the face of the land. their middle eastern nuclear dna would have spread, over the last years, throughout adjacent populations like a drop of ink in a bucket of water. at the very least their genes would have spread over many hundreds of kilometres. it would be exceedingly unlikely that their dna would go extinct and scientists exploring the of native americans would stumble on it if it was there. but apparently the generation, along with their genes, are nowhere to be found beyond the pages of the book of mormon."
dr. claim that technology has now advanced in the dna field is confirmed in a very recent astounding and groundbreaking study led by a team of u.s. and canadian anthropologists who have traced a direct dna link between the year old remains of an aboriginal woman found on a british columbia island as well as a year old female also found nearby to a living woman from the metlakatla first nation. dr. of university of illinois stated the following in a july 2013 research summary:
“this is the beginning of the golden era for ancient dna research because we can do so much now that we do a few years ago because of advances in sequencing technologies. just starting to get an idea of the diversity in the americas, in the living individuals as well as the ancient individuals.” (emphasis added)
thus, either is deliberately misleading its readers on the realities of dna capabilities and conclusions or’s understanding of dna and its damning evidence against the book of mormon is out of sync with the latest dna science, technologies, and scholarship.
in any event, dna evidence has definitively established that native american indians do not originate from the middle east or from israelites but rather from asia.’s attempts to reconcile this fact with the narratives of the book of mormon by, for example, arguing forintegration” orlimited geography” theories are likewise undermined by dna evidence, and by joseph own claims (which in turn are based upon the teachings of native american resurrected angelic beings who visited him).
anachronisms
ces letter says...
the document claims that "horses, cattle, oxen,eep, swine, goats, elephants, wheels, chariots, wheat, silk, steel, and iron did not exist in america during book of mormon times." agrees agrees that there are book of mormon anachronisms. however, attempts to obfuscate and mask the anachronistic book of mormon problems through word games and charts unsupported by any sources, evidence, or peer reviewed data.
fairmormon says...
the number of items considered to be anachronisms in the book of mormon has been steadily being reduced over time. for example, in 1842 the idea that steel swords existed in ancient jerusalem at the time of was laughable. now, such a sword is on display at israel museum. john clark has prepared charts which demonstrate the trend, over time, to confirmation of the book of mormon account. note: deleted the following response on november 28, 2013: it is important to note that as knowledge expands, what was once an anachronism turns out to be a legitimate feature of the ancient world. john clark has prepared charts which demonstrate the trend, over time, to confirmation of the book of mormon account. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
contrary to's 2005 chart, which is unsupported by sources, below is a corrected 2014 chart, supported by credible sources:
to access live hyperlink sources for the above chart, click here.
aside from the specific anachronisms (which i discuss in detail below), the reality is that as " knowledge expands ," it in fact provides more solid evidence against the church's truth claims rather than for them.
among the more significant examples are the dna evidence described above, egyptology and and the book of abraham, and the recently discovered similarities between the late war and the book of mormon. other examples include: the evidence against the existence of any global flood, noah's ark, or the tower of babel; the evidence of life, including hominids, existing (and dying) before the alleged existence of adam and eve; and the evidence that the earth has existed for billions of years (rather than the stated in 77). these events and claims are included in the book of mormon, other scriptures, and have been espoused by current and past "prophets, seers, and" who have literally believed in the above scientifically disproven events.
returning to book of mormon anachronisms, i find’s response, what was once an anachronism turns out to be a legitimate feature of the ancient world to be disingenuous. notice that does not sayturns out to be a legitimate feature of ‘pre-columbian americas’ or ‘ancient americas’ or ‘america during book of mormon times'.” ancient world allows to expand to anywhere in the world in any vague time period (“ancient” is not clearly defined) while leaving their saint readers to interpretancient world” to also mean americas.
further, makes these astounding claims without providing any sources in their response.'s claims and findings wouldock and surprise archaeologists, anthropologists, linguists, and scientists.
zoology, metallurgy, archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, and biology are all branches of science domains which expand well beyond byu. where are’s sources? sources from respected people and organizations not tainted or clouded by religious confirmation bias? sources from individuals whose careers, values, and contributions are not measured and valued by their ability to find any evidence stretched or not to confirm their own truth claims? after all,it is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends on his not understanding it.” in other words, never underestimate what the mind can rationalize when a career is at stake.
looking at’s 2005 charts, serious problems become apparent, such as:
steel swords have been discovered in america? where is’s source? such an extraordinary discovery would be of significant importance and interest to archaeologists, anthropologists, metallurgists, and other scientists.
it strikes me as strange latest chart is dated 2005. eight years ago. a lot can happen in 8 years - new discoveries and new evidences. perhaps one reason why continues to rely on the 2005 chart is due to an article published in the same year entitled "out of dust: ancient steel sword unearthed," in which the article made the false and incorrect claim that an ancient steel sword has been discovered. the maxwell institute had to release a new article in 2006 entitled "out of the dust: all that glitters is not...steel" admitting that no steel was found and thus retracting its claim.
fairmormon’s original 1842 chart includes some items that required no investigation and ratification, such aswild beasts,”large cities,” andfortifications,” because those items were widely known to have existed in ancient america when the book of mormon was produced. similarly,east and west seas” were never in question as the church has taught the hemispheric model. this is just padding to add to the charts in order to boost up percentages. likely included these items to increase the number ofgreen” boxes. this strategy is very telling.
the charts include many items which knew to have been recentlydiscovered” or at least could be considered (by) to beundetermined” in order to reduce the number of "red" boxes.
some of thesediscoveries” relate only to civilizations in different times and places to the book of mormon and are not evidence for the book of mormon and its claims.
evidence for the book of mormon and its claims. notably, wheat is still notred” despite book of mormon claims that it was ate staple used to feed millions of people. as explained by dr. michael coe on this mormon stories podcast episode, had wheat existed in the americas during book of mormon times, wheat pollen soil core samples would certainly be found by archaeologists. offers no explanation as to why no soil core sample has ever resulted in any evidence of wheat.
of people. as explained by dr. michael coe on this mormon stories podcast episode, had wheat existed in the americas during book of mormon times, wheat pollen soil core samples would certainly be found by archaeologists. offers no explanation as to why no soil core sample has ever resulted in any evidence of wheat. with respect to barley, a few obscure grains of a wild barley in arizona does not equate to the domesticated variety supposedly taken from the holy land to the americas and used to feed millions of people in the book of mormon setting. such a pollen producing crop would have been evidenced long ago had it been a real aspect of early native american life anywhere . nevertheless, this stop mormon apologists from coloring in the box green.
equate to the domesticated variety supposedly taken from the holy land to the americas and used to feed of people in the book of mormon setting. such a pollen producing crop would have been evidenced long ago had it been a real aspect of early native american life . nevertheless, this stop mormon apologists from coloring in the box green. the animals in’s charts that were changed fromred” toyellow” (the horse, goat, wild goat, andeep) did not exist in the americas during the book of mormon era. does not provide any specific evidence or peer- reviewed data whatsoever to justify turning the red boxes into yellow for animals which respectable scientists and institutions agree did not exist in the americas during book of mormon times.
none of the metallurgy identified in’s charts, such as steel, iron, brass, etc., existed in the americas. does not provide any specific evidence or peer reviewed sources whatsoever to justify turning the red boxes forsteel sword” andbrass plates” into green.
the chartsow a couple of sacrifice” andslings”—that have been discovered during the period between 1842 and 2005. such discoveries are indeed evidence that archaeology has come a long way. however, these items do not support’s argument, because the archaeological evidence suggests that these items existed outside the time period of the book of mormon.
a major omission from’s charts is the wheel. the book of mormon described chariots, which obviously required the use of a wheel. there were no wheels used for travel or transportation in america.
it’s unclear why changed thehorse” item from red to yellow, but, to the extent considers a to satisfy this requirement, sorry but that just work.s do not pull chariots. especially chariots without wheels. you may change that box back to red.
elephants? not on the list? elephants are an anachronism.
chariots? not on the list? anachronism.
silk? not on the list? anachronism.
it’s a joke for to not include all of the anachronisms in the list. but then again, when the sole purpose of your charts is to do all you can to boost and prop up green boxes and percentages? be tempted to leave stuff out too.
fairmormon does not provide any evidence to back up its claim that anachronisms expire as knowledge expands .” these charts are misleading. no peer reviewed sources or evidences or references or explanations on how each of the anachronisms went from red to green or from red to yellow. just expected to trust the data of a mormon and part-time apologist who gives talks at and writes reviews for the neal a. maxwell institute?
the best evidence that can give us is data from a mormon archaeologist / anthropologist / apologist? but nothing from sources or institutions. no peer review by professors and respected scientific and archaeological institutions?
fairmormon might as well give us the following chart to support the book of mormon since thinks providing evidences, sources, and apologetic data is overrated:
above credit:
archaeology
ces letter says...
"there is absolutely no archaeological evidence to directly support the book of mormon or thetes/lamanites who numbered in the millions." neutral
fairmormon says...
it is a common claim by critics that there isabsolutely no archaeological evidence” to support the book of mormon. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
yes, critics like the smithsonian institute and the national geographic society. two of some of the most renowned, reputable, and respected scientific research and education institutions.
here’s what the national geographic society has to say about the book of mormon, including claims that archaeological support for the book:
national geographic statement on the book of mormon
key national geographic points from the letter:
“archaeologists and other scholars have long probed the past, and the society does not know of anything found so far that has substantiated the book of mormon.”
“i have enclosed a statement issued by the smithsonian institution in
not only does national geographic make it clear that there is no evidence to substantiate the book of mormon, it also gives its endorsement of the following smithsonian institute letter:
smithsonian institute statement on the book of mormon
national museum of natural history smithsonian institution, washington, d.c. 20560 statement regarding the book of mormon the smithsonian institution has never used the book of mormon in any way as a scientific guide. smithsonian archaeologists see no direct connection between the archaeology of the new world and the subject matter of the book.
the physical type of the american indian is basically mongoloid, being most closely related to that of the peoples of eastern, central, and northeastern asia. archaeological evidence indicates that the ancestors of the present indians came into the new world -- probably over a land bridge known to have existed in the bering strait region during the last ice age -- in a continuing series of small migrations beginning from about to years ago.
present evidence indicates that the first people to reach this continent from the east were the norsemen who briefly visited the northeastern part of north america around a.d. 1000 and then settled in greenland. there is nothing toow that they reached mexico or central america.
one of the main lines of evidence supporting the scientific finding that contacts with old world civilizations, if indeed they occurred at all, were of very little significance for the development of american indian civilizations, is the fact that none of the principal old world domesticated food plants or animals (except the dog) occurred in the new world in times. american indians had no wheat, barley, oats, millet, rice, cattle, pigs, chickens, horses, donkeys, camels before 1492. (camels and horses were in the americas, along with the bison, mammoth, and mastodon, but all these animals became extinct around b.c. at the time the early big game (sic) hunters spread across the americas.)
iron, steel, glass, and silk were not used in the new world before 1492 (except for occasional use of meteoric iron). native copper was worked used (sic) in various locations in times, but true metallurgy was limited to southern mexico and the andean region, where its occurrence in late prehistoric times involved gold, silver, copper, and their alloys, but not iron.
there is a possibility that the spread of cultural traits across the pacific to and the northwestern coast of south america began several hundred years before the christian era. however, any such contacts appear to have been the results of accidental voyages originating in eastern and southern asia. it is by means certain that even such contacts occurred; certainly there were no contacts with the ancient egyptians, hebrews, or other peoples of western asia and the near east.
no reputable or other specialist on old world archaeology, and no expert on new world prehistory, has discovered or confirmed any relationship between archaeological remains in mexico and archaeological remains in egypt.
reports of findings of ancient egyptian, hebrew, and other old world writings in the new world in contexts have frequently appeared in newspapers, magazines, and sensational books. none of these claims has stood up to examination by reputable scholars. no inscriptions using old world forms of writing have beenown to have occurred in any part of the americas before 1492 except for a few norse rune stones which have been found in greenland. scanned copy of the smithsonian institute letter can be found here.
in august 2013, a by the name of zachary decided to email sixty college professors whose expertise was in one of the following fields: archaeology, anthropology, and egyptology. zachary sought their professional opinion on the of the book of mormon and the book of abraham.
out of the sixty college professors that zachary emailed, 25 responded. out of the 25 who responded, 14 gave permission to zachary to publish their names and comments. the responses that zachary received from these experts are fascinating. the overwhelming consensus from these unbiased experts in america and egyptology is that neither the book of mormon nor the book of abraham is historical, factual, or to the current and existing data and evidence.
the responses from these professors and experts can be read here.
in addition to the statements made by those professors, here are some more statements made by both and archaeologist and anthropologist individuals and organizations:
“so far as is known to the writer, no archaeologist at the present time is using the book of mormon as a guide in archaeological research. nor does he know of any archaeologist who holds that the american indians are descendants of the jews, or that christianity was known in america in the first century of our era...”
– ulster archaeological society newsletter, no. 64, jan. 30, 1960, p. 3 "with the exception of saint archaeologists, members of the archaeological profession do not, and never have, espoused the book of mormon in any sense of which i am aware. archaeologists do not allow the book of mormon any place whatever in their reconstruction of the early history of the new world.”
– ulster archaeological society newsletter, no. 64, jan. 30, 1960,let me know state categorically that as far as i know there is not one professionally trained archaeologist, who is not a mormon, who sees any scientific justification for believing the foregoing to be true, ... nothing, absolutely nothing, has everown up in any new world excavation which would suggest to a dispassionate observer that the book of mormon... is a historical document relating to the history of early migrants to our hemisphere.”
– michael coe, dialogue: a journal of mormon thought, summer 1973, pp. 42, 46 "the first myth we need to eliminate is that book of mormon archaeology exists…. if one is to study book of mormon archaeology, then one must have a corpus of data with which to deal. we do not. the book of mormon is really there so one can have book of mormon studies, and archaeology is really there so one can study archaeology, but the two are not wed. at least they are not wed in reality since no book of mormon location is known with reference to modern topography. biblical archaeology can be studied because we do know where jerusalem and jericho were and are, but we do not know where and bountiful (nor any other location for that matter) were or are. it would seem then that a concentration on geographyould be the first order of business, but we have already seen that twenty years of such an approach has left us empty-handed."
– dee f. green, mormon archaeologist, dialogue: a journal of mormon thought, summer 1969, pp.i’m afraid that up to this point, i must agree with dee green, who has told us that to date there is no book of mormon geography.... you set book of mormon geography down anywhere because it is fictional and will never meet the requirements of the dirt-archaeology.”
– thomas s. ferguson, mormon archaeologist,letter to mr. and mrs. h.w. lawrence,” dated feb. 20, 1976while some people chose to make claims for the book of mormon through archaeological evidences, to me they are made prematurely, and without sufficient knowledge. i do not support the books written on this subject including the messiah in ancient america, or any other. i believe that the authors are making cases out of too little evidences and do not adequately address the problems that archaeology and the book of mormon present. i would feel terribly embarrassed if anyone sent a copy of any book written on the subject to the national museum of natural history smithsonian institution, or other authority, making claims that cannot as yet be substantiated.... there are very severe problems in this field in trying to make correlations with the scriptures. speculation, such as practiced so far by mormon authors has not given church members credibility.”
– ray t. matheny, mormon scholar and byu professor of anthropology, letter dated dec. 17, 1987in my recent reading of the book of mormon, i find that iron and steel are mentioned in sufficient context to suggest that there was a ferrous industry here.... you refine ore without leaving a bloom of some kind or impurities that blossom out and float to the top of the ore... and also the flux of limestone or whatever is used to flux the material.... [this] blooms off into and indestructible new rock forms. in other words, when you have a metallurgical industry, you have these evidences of the detritus that is left over. you also have the fuels, you have the furnaces, you have whatever technologies that were there performing these tasks; they leave solid evidences. and they are indestructible things.... no evidence has been found in the new world for a ferrous metallurgical industry dating to times. and so this is a kind of problem, it seems to me, for the so-called book of mormon archaeology. this evidence is absent.”
– ray t. matheny, speech at symposium 6, "book of mormon archaeology," august 25, 1984i changed my views about the book of mormon since my 1973 article. i have seen no archaeological evidence before or since that date which would convince me that it is anything but a fanciful creation by an unusually gifted individual living in upstate new york in the early nineteenth century.”
– dr. michael coe, correspondence between bill mckeever and michael coe
dr. michael coe, archaeologist and expert on the maya and central american archaeology, gave an outstanding interview recently regarding the problems and challenges that limited geography model apologists such as face in light of archaeological evidence in central and south america, where the limited geography model setting is claimed to be.
to objective archaeologists and scientists outside of mormonism, the book of mormon has as much historic validity and utility as the hobbit.
where are all the bones, swords, armor,ields, helmets, and spears from these epic battles claimed in the book of mormon? epic battles that took place at the hill (rama to)? the nation supposedly ended there with men slain. thetes ands also had a battle there in 421 ad where warriors with weapons of steel were killed.
why has not a single sword, helmet,ield, spear, armor and yes, bone, been found from one of these great ancient battle sites?
contrast this remarkable lack of evidence for the book of mormon with the 1974 discovery of the warriors and horses near xian, china. this amazing army of some figures was buried in 210, some 600 years before the purported final battle in the book of mormon. surely, if there was battle at in 421 ad which involved men, there would be something to be found, but there. the year 421 ad, in archaeological and anthropological terms, is simply not that long ago.
fairmormon says...
when they saydirectly” support, they typically mean that they are looking for a direct corroboration, such as the presence of the namenephi” orzarahemla” in association with ancient american archaeological data. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
fairmormon is putting words in the mouths of critics. when critics state that there is absolutely no evidence to directly support the book of mormon or thetes/lamanites who numbered in the millions, saying:
“there is no location that matches multiple that the book of mormon statesould be found in the time period specified. examples of these would be gold, steel, swords, horses, wheat, elephants, etc. scientists are not necessarily just looking for names of people or places that are similar to ones in the book of mormon just evidence of a culture that matches book of mormon claims.”
if the book of mormon is historical and the geography, for example, is real, then it is not unreasonable for mormon scholars to put together based on the data of a potential location of one single book of mormon land. it is not unreasonable to then publish for this data in a journal that is not byu-controlled. it is not unreasonable to have other archaeologists, anthropologists, and other experts to peer review the data. this is the scientific process which was used to find the lost city of troy. this is the same scientific process that can lead to the discovery of. unfortunately for the church and its apologists, decades of vigorous archaeological and anthropological research has yielded nothing. this is also the same scientific process that was used to find the viking outpost in canada. quite frankly, it is beyond ridiculous that we can find a tiny viking outpost in canada which consisted of people who landed a thousand years ago in a very remote part of the americas but we cannot find a trace of a massivete/lamanite civilization which numbered in the millions. insane that a civilization roughly the size of the roman empire, spanning a time frame of years, just completely vanished into thin air without a trace. the romans left roads, aqueducts, coins, buildings, independent historical accounts, etc. all over europe and the mediterranean.
where is the evidence for thete and civilizations?
fairmormon says...
there is plenty of supporting evidence that ties the book of mormon to ancient america. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
this is a false claim. there is not plenty of supporting evidence that ties the book of mormon to ancient america. notice that does not offer any sources to this plenty of supporting evidence.
if there was really plenty of supporting evidence ,” there be letters from reputable institutions such as the smithsonian institute and national geographic society dismissing the book of mormon as an record.
this goes back to the charts that used in the anachronism section: zero evidence, zero sources, and zero/non-byu data.
“critical questions. faithful answers.” indeed.
a detailed list of the book of mormon archaeology problems can be found here and here.
[>
book of mormon geography
ces letter says...
the document claims "many book of mormon names and places are strikingly similar to many local names and places of the region joseph smith lived." disagrees
fairmormon says...
incorrect:
out of 345 book of mormon names, the list of 28 presented by the author is seriously reduced when one eliminates the biblical names and those which did not exist on any map at the time that the book of mormon was published. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
i address's attack on the 28 geographical names below.
before i get to those, however, like to discuss additional evidence of similarities between the 345 book of mormon names and a contemporaneous book available in time and backyard. aside from notaring that many, if not most, of the 345 book of mormon names are also biblical names, many of the names unique to the book of mormon are…well, not so unique.
there was a book published in 1791 by john walker entitled, a key to the classical pronunciation of greek, latin, and scripture proper names. in this book are a number of future book of mormon names, which appeared within alphabetized lists. this book was a common household reference in young joseph time and place. according to larry porter,walker’s dictionary” was suggested for the curriculum in the colesville, new york schools by the local commissioners in the fall of 1826.
this link does a side by side comparison between book of mormon names and walker's key dictionary.
fairmormon says...
mutually exclusive claims:
the author, in the next section, presumes that the namemoroni” was derived from the capital city of the comoros islands, or fromtreasure stories” about captain kidd. in this section, he asserts that the namemoroni” is derived from the townmonroe, new york,” which was founded in 1818. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
i agree with. it was an oversight on my part to includemonroe = moroni” claim, which i do not agree with. i removedmonroe = moroni” claim.
i stand by my assertion that joseph smith derivedcamorah” andmoroni” from captain kidd stories, which included adventures on what is now known as the comoros islands, as i detailed in the letter and which i expand further below in the hill section.
of course, never engages in claim-making. for example, there is no conflict with joseph translating the book of mormon by putting his face to a darkened hat and reading the words, as they appear in english on the seer stone, and spelling out names he could not simultaneously claiming that the bible errors in the book of mormon is easily explained by joseph simply using the bible to help with the translation.
fairmormon says...
the book of mormon contains 345 names. the theory that the author is relying on, proposed by vernal holley and posted by mazeministries, is that 28 of these names were derived by joseph smith by looking at the names of places in the surrounding region, then altering the names slightly to create a map of book of mormon lands. the original map of which the author obtained this information included names of places which even exist in joseph time. the map used inletter to a director” is a derivative of the holley map which no longer includes those names, however, the list of names used by the author still includes quite a few of these.
the author lists the following correspondences. in order to obtain this list of parallels, a huge geographical area must be scanned. five states and two canadian provinces yield this list of parallels, and it gets even smaller when one actually tries to locate many of these places on a map. in the list below.
names in red indicate places which either did not have that name until after 1830, or cannot be found on a map or in the book of mormon.
names in blue indicate names that are found in the bible.
names in green indicate names that could potentially be a valid match. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
before we go over each one of the, i want to illustrate an important concept:
in the 1980s, i lived in diamond bar, california. in the early century, it was known asdiamond bar ranch,” and it was at the time one of the largest working cattle ranches in the western united states. in the 1950s, it was acquired by transamerica corporation for the purpose of developing one of the first communities. it was after acquisition that it gave thediamond bar” name to its new community.
so what does this mean for this discussion? fast forward into the distant future, 150 years from now. the only information that you have about diamond bar is that it was a city in california and that it was incorporated as a city on april 18, 1989. your first natural assumption would be that prior to 1989, diamond bar exist, at least not under the namediamond bar.” however, this assumption would be false, as the name goes back to the early century, as i explained above.
one of’s strategies and arguments for many of the names was to pull in the dates from wikipedia and other sources of when the towns were incorporated so as to say,see?! this town incorporated until, which is years after the publication of the book of mormon!” the problem with this strategy and approach is that the date of incorporation does not always mean that the town and its name did not exist for decades before its incorporation, as was the case of diamond bar.
here are more examples of date settled vs. incorporated as a town/city, this one focused on towns in the commonwealth of massachusetts. notice the gap between settlement and incorporation dates of some of the towns are 100+ years.
another important note i want to make here is that vernal holley is dead. we contact him to find out exactly where he got his sources.’s that these were discovered only through maps may not be as to how holley found some of the towns. he may have used letters, newspapers, post office records, obituaries, local library records, etc. in which records and books are not accessible online. we do not know.
this is evident in the "jerusalem" claim. claims that jerusalem, ohio does notow up on a 1822 map. if one searches on the internet for when jerusalem was first settled, they won't find any information. so, the logical conclusion would be to assume that jerusalem wasn't established before the publication of the book of mormon. however, this would be incorrect as there is evidence that the first house in jerusalem, ohio was built in 1825. i was able to locate a resident who volunteered to go to the monroe county public library in woodsfield, ohio and search for the information.e found it an offline book entitled monroe county, ohio: a history. simply doing a google search may notow the whole picture. there are still numerous local books and records that are hidden offline awaiting digitization.
below i list each town, provide's criticism, and then offer a response to's criticism.
alma = alma, valley of
fairmormon: alma . in the area indicated on the holley map, modern mapsow that there is a small, unincorporated community called centerville, also known as alma, in tyler county, west virginia, united states. coordinates: 80°50′24″w. however, when we view the 1822 map of virginia, we cannot find the namealma” anywhere.
response: i agree with that the holley map incorrectly depicts alma as being in west virginia. upon further research, i discovered alma, new york, which was first settledaround as mentioned above, names of towns and cities were often known to locals before the area was first or completely settled and incorporated. many times as early as several decades. i corrected the map i included in the letter to reflect the location of alma, new york. interesting to note that the folks at never bothered to mention alma, new york, which i presume they came across in their research (i found it quickly and easily in a google search), but fails to bring this fact to the attention of their readers.
antrim =
fairmormon: antrim =.antrim township” is located in franklin county, pennsylvania. it was named after county antrim in northern ireland. the township was organized in 1741.
response: this is correct.
antioch =
fairmormon: antioch = . the nameanti-anti” even appear in the book of mormon, nor does the biblical nameantioch.”
response: is a misspelling ofani-anti,” which is found in alma. and, yes, the nameantioch” is in the bible, but beside the point. the fact that it also existed as a geographical place in time and place and in a setting that joseph taught early on to be the geographical site of the book of mormon is the point.
boaz = boaz
fairmormon: boaz = boaz. the nameboaz” is from the bible. joseph would not have needed to look at a map for this one, unless one accepts assertion that the holley map is supposed toow the geographical locations of book of mormon places.
response: unlike the use of the nameboaz” in the bible, joseph used the nameboaz” as a geographical location in the book of mormon. the nameboaz” in the bible refers to the name of a character in the book of ruth.
conner =
fairmormon: connor = . the namecomner” appear in the book of mormon. the namecomnor” does, in ether. of course,comnor” matchconner” quite as closely in spelling. we cannot findconnor” in either new york or pennsylvania.
response: i agree with that this similarity is relatively weak, and i have therefore removed this name from the list.
ephrem, saint = ephraim, hill
fairmormon: ephrem, saint = ephraim , hill. the actual name is "saint-éphrem-de-beauce, quebec." wikipediaows the town being established with that name in 1866. this is 36 years after the publication of the book of mormon. the book of mormon name "ephraim," of course, is easily found in the bible.
response: i agree with that this similarity is relatively weak, and i have therefore removed this name from the list and map.
hellam =
fairmormon: =. according to the website, township, pennsylvania, was established in 1739.
response: this is correct.
jacobsburg =
fairmormon: =., belmont co., ohio does not evenow up on a 1822 map of ohio.
response: here is what wikipedia states about, ohio:in 1833, contained one tavern, two stores, a physician, sundry mechanics, and about 120 inhabitants.” i find it interesting that chose to ignore this evidence. instead, points to a map as early as 1822 claiming that the city must not have existed as not on an 1822 map. never mind that the city could have been built after 1822 but before the publication of the book of mormon. the fact that the city was already well up and running with two stores, a tavern, sundry mechanics, a physician, and 120 inhabitants by 1833ows that it likely existed before 1830.
jerusalem = jerusalem
fairmormon: jerusalem = jerusalem. jerusalem, monroe co., ohio does not evenow up on a 1822 map of ohio. even today the village of jerusalem occupies only square miles. besides, the name "jerusalem" is from the bible. joseph would not have needed to look at a map for this one, unless one accepts assertion that the holley map is supposed toow the geographical locations of book of mormon places.
response: the first house in jerusalem, ohio was built in 1825, which explains why it appear on an 1822 map of ohio. and yes, it was in the bible, but that's beside the point. the fact that it also existed as a geographical place in time and place and in a setting that joseph taught early on to be the geographical site of the book of mormon is the point.
jordan = jordan
fairmormon: jordan = jordan. the name "jordan" is from the bible. joseph would not have needed to look at a map for this one, unless one accepts assertion that the holley map is supposed toow the geographical locations of book of mormon places.
response: again, yes it was in the bible. beside the point. the fact that it also existed as a geographical place in time and place and in a setting that joseph taught early on to be the geographical site of the book of mormon is the point.
kishkiminetas =
fairmormon: =. township, armstrong county, pennsylvania was given that name in 1832, two years after the book of mormon was published. from history of armstrong county pennsylvania, written in 1883 by robert walter smith, "the petition of sundry inhabitants of allegheny township was presented december 22, 1831, to the court of quarter sessions of this county, asking that a new township be formed out of the upper end of allegheny township, to be called. philip klingensmith, john lafferty and john were appointed viewers, who, after one continuance of their order, presented their report recommending the organization of the new township, which was approved by the court june 19, 1832." river in pennsylvania does exist prior to the town, and one would assume that it wouldow up on a map. the holley map, however, does not indicate that is a river, but rather a place.
response: the point that matters is that the namekishkiminetas” existed and was known in time and backyard before the publication of the book of mormon. it was and is the name of a river.
lehigh =
fairmormon:gh =. there is indeed alehigh valley” located in pennsylvania.
response: this is correct.
mantua =
fairmormon: mantua =. according to the website, mantua village, ohio was incorporated in 1898. this is 68 years after the publication of the book of mormon.
response: is being deceptive here. here is what mantua website says exactly (most of which omits from their readers):a little history: mantua village (pronounced, "man-a-way") is located along the cuyahoga river (known by native inhabitants as the "crooked river") in portage county. from its humble beginnings in the early 1800s, with its railroad station, 13 saloons, house of "ill repute" and aipping point for area farmers, mantua village was formed and quickly began to grow. a post office was established in 1860 and the village was incorporated in is misleading their readers into thinking that the town and its name did not exist before 1898, which is false. the town and its name existed, as mentioned on the own website, in theearly 1800s.” as demonstrated previously, a town and its name can exist for many decades before its official incorporation. mantua is another example of this.
monroe = moroni
fairmormon: monroe = moroni. the author, in the next section, presumes that the name "moroni" was derived from the capital city of the comoros islands, or from "treasure stories" about captain kidd. there is a town "monroe, new york" which was founded in 1818.
response: is correct. as mentioned previously, this was an honest oversight on my part. i do not believe that moroni came from monroe. as i mentioned in the hill section, i believe "moroni" andcamorah” are derived from captain kidd stories. i removedmonroe = moroni.”
minoa =
fairmormon: =. according to the town website, the town of, new york received that name in 1895. that is 60 years after the book of mormon was published.
response: i agree with. the website specifically states that the name changed in 1895. i have removed error from the list.
moraviantown =
fairmormon: =. moravian indian reserve no. 47, ontario, appears to have been established in 1782.
response: correct.
morin = moron
fairmormon: morin = moron. according to wikipedia, morin township, quebec, was formed in 1852. this would be 22 years after the book of mormon was published.
response: i agree with. wikipedia is specific that morin was first settled in 1850. i removed error from the list and map.
noah lakes = noah, land of
fairmormon: noah lakes = noah, land of. the name "noah" is from the bible. joseph would not have needed to look at a map for this one, unless one accepts assertion that the holley map is supposed toow the geographical locations of book of mormon places.
response: yes, it was in the bible but beside the point. the fact that it also existed as a geographical place in time and place and in a setting that joseph taught early on to be the geographical site of the book of mormon is the point.
oneida =
fairmormon: oneida =. seeoneida castle” below.
oneida castle = hill
fairmormon: oneida castle =, hill. oneida castle, new york is located at 75°38′0″w. the town has existed since the century.
response: this is correct.
omer =
fairmormon: omer =. we cannot find "omer" on any modern map of pennsylvania, new york or canada.
response: i agree with and have removed claim from the list.
rama =
fairmormon: rama =. rama township, ontario, was "first surveyed in] this is four years after the publication of the book of mormon.
response: this is a great case study of disingenuity. first of all, notice how provides their source for this. they put a footnote1” that links to theirendnotes” section on the bottom as opposed to just directly linking to the website as has for other sources, such as town websites, wikipedia, and the maps. also notice that does not put a page number in their source at the bottom in theendnotes.” there is a reason for this. here is what it actually says in the source:the fact that rama township grew in fits and starts is reflected in the piecemeal fashion it was surveyed into settlement lots. one third of the township the west side, bordering lake was surveyed in 1834 by william keating.” (emphasis added) that interesting? this is quite different from’sfirst surveyed in claim, it? a difference betweenone third of the township the west side” being surveyed in 1834 versus the entire townfirst” being surveyed in 1834. further, the most important part from page 8 that decided to omit from their readers:the name rama was already used for the area in 1826, when the black river was first surveyed.” so, is incorrect in their claim about rama. the name was already being used for the area in 1826; several years before the publication of the book of mormon. has lost significant credibility here. if were a witness on the stand, any lawyer worth salt would have had a heyday impeaching over this deception.
ripple lake = ripliancum, waters of
fairmormon: ripple lake = ripliancum, waters of. ripple lake is so small that it is difficult to locate on modern day maps, and it is one of more than lakes in ontario. are we to assume that joseph selected this one location amongst many, and then converted the nameripple lake” toripliancum”.
response: as with the hill section below, creates a, contending that joseph used only maps. completely ignores that joseph grow up in a vacuum and that he lived in a transient area in which many people come and went from all over. by’s logic, impossible for joseph to have derivedmoroni” andcamorah” because the comoros islands is difficult to find on maps and is remote. therefore, joseph have learned of the names from the comoros islands. never mind that joseph was a fan and a reader of captain kidd stories, which included adventures on the comoros islands. sets up a by focusing only on maps while ignoring the fact that joseph & co. very well could have learned about the names from sources. leave to the reader to form their own opinion as to whether the namewaters of ripliancum” may have been derived fromripple lake.”
sodom =
fairmormon: sodom =. the name "sodom," of course, is well known from the bible. joseph would not have needed to look at a map for this one, unless one accepts assertion that the holley map is supposed toow the geographical locations of book of mormon places.
response: of course it was in the bible. beside the point. the fact that it also existed as a geographical place in time and place and in a setting that joseph taught early on to be the geographical site of the book of mormon is the point.
shiloh =
fairmormon:iloh =. the name "shiloh” is a biblical name. there is ailoh, pennsylvania on modern maps.
response: again, the fact that the nameshiloh” is in the bible is beside the point. the fact that it also existed as a geographical place in time and place and in a setting that joseph taught early on to be the geographical site of the book of mormon is the point.
land of = land of
fairmormon: land of = land of . the name "land of" is from the bible and it is located in egypt. joseph would not have needed to look at a map for this one, unless one accepts assertion that the holley map is supposed toow the geographical locations of book of mormon places. we are unable to locate a "midian" or "land of" on any modern map of pennsylvania.
response: i agree with and have removed claim.
ces letter says...
the author claims "many book of mormon names and places are strikingly similar to many local names and places of the region joseph smith lived," and "we read in the book of mormon of the land of desolation named for a warrior named who helped general moroni fight in the land of desolation. in era, an indian chief named tecumseh fought and died near the narrow neck of land helping the british in the war of 1812. today, the city tecumseh (near the narrow neck of land) is named after him." disagrees
fairmormon says...
the author is not only stating that the names are similar to those in the book of mormon, but also that the location of those names is similar (the references the author makes to the "narrow neck," for example). he does, after all, title this section "book of mormon geography." in addition, since some of these names could have easily been taken from the bible instead of the surrounding region, one must assume that their inclusion on the map also implies that their geographical locations relative to one another are important.
are similar to those in the book of mormon, but also that the is similar (the references the author makes to the "narrow neck," for example). he does, after all, title this section "book of mormon geography." in addition, since some of these names could have easily been taken from the bible instead of the surrounding region, one must assume that their inclusion on the map also implies that their geographical locations relative to one another are important. incorrect:
looking at the geography, it is clear from map that a number of locations have been selected to make the names match the existing geography. some examples: the map places, site ofking jacob’s” dissenters far in the land southward, when the book of mormon has it far in the land northward (3; see also 3).
the map places the land of first inheritance [land of-nephi] is on the eastern coast of the united states, while the book of mormon is clear that and his group landed on the western coast.
the city ofould be by the eastern seashore, near the city of (alma).
"ramah” is the name for the hill (ether). the hill is not in canada. many of their original responses after the release of
debunking fair's debunking. the above original response can be found here.
jeremy's response to
“ the map places, site of "king jacob's" dissenters far in the land southward, when the book of mormon has it far in the land northward (3; see also 3).
fairmormon is adding words to book of mormon that exist. the only geographical reference tojacobugath” is that it is in the:northernmost part of the land.” it does not say what land, and there is no universally acknowledgedland.” for to assume thatnorthernmost” must mean that the most north on this map in my letter is really reaching for something.
if i were in st. george, utah, and i said i was going to thenorthernmost part of the land,” you would not know whether i was going to thenorthernmost” part of st. george or if i was going all the way up to the border or if i was going all the way to the united border. it depends on whatland” means. we do not know whatland” in this scripture refers to.
“ the map places the land of first inheritance [land of-nephi] is on the eastern coast of the united states, while the book of mormon is clear that and his group landed on the western coast.
actually, the book of mormon clear on this point. notice that fails to offer any source for their claim that and his group landed on the western coast. the reason why fails to offer any source, as they did forjacobugath” andmorianton,” is because knows that the book of mormon does not say which coast & co. landed. further, fails to tell their readers that actually controversy within apologetic circles as to which coast & co. landed. i find it disingenuous, to say the least, that tries to present this as factual to their readers when they know it is not factual.
fairmormon makes this claim on the assumption that apologist hugh b. was right in his premise that theland of bountiful” was on the coast in the middle east and that & co. sail around africa but rather through the pacific. this is just opinion as the book of mormon is silent on which coast & co. landed.
here is an apologist making the argument that & co. went the atlantic ocean route.
and here's the meridian magazine also making the case that & co. sailed across the atlantic ocean.
so, there is no consensus, evidence, or support for’s assumption that & co. landed on the pacific coast.
therefore,’s claim that-nephi is inaccurately placed on the map is unsupported.
“ the city ofould be by the eastern seashore, near the city of (alma).
neither is hill in new york, according to thelimited geography model” espoused by both and the neal maxwell institute. never mind that joseph smith andprophets, seers, and” have taught in new york. never mind that joseph smith was, in turn, taught about the book of mormon civilizations by an angelic moroni who himself deposited the plates in hill. never mind that the church still holds hill pageants there today.
unofficial apologists have to invent another to try to make the dots line up. yet, the dots lining up. as long as this is the standard required, then having | dɪˈteɪld rɪˈspɑns bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈɛldər krɪˈstɑfərsən kwoʊt ðə ˈæbsəns əv ˈɛvədəns ɪz nɑt pruf. wən smɔl ɪgˈzæmpəl: ˈmæθju ˈroʊpər ɪn ə blɔg ɔn ʤun 17 2013 raɪts əˈbaʊt ə ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm rɪˈpitɪd ˈmɛni taɪmz ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈmɛnʃən əv stil ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ɪn 1884 wən ˈkrɪtɪk roʊt, sɔrd wɑz stil, wɪn ɪt ɪz ə noʊˈtɔriəs fækt ðət ðə ˈɪzrəˌlaɪts nu ˈnəθɪŋ əv stil fər ˈhənərdz əv jɪrz ˈæftərwərdz. hu bət ɛz ˈɪgnərənt ə ˈpərsən ɛz ˈrɪgdən wʊd hæv pərˈpɛʧəˌweɪtɪd ɔl ðiz blunders.”*.” mɔr ˈrisəntli, ˈtɑməs ɪn 1957 ˈsteɪtɪd, ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər ɔn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən həz ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ðə ˈmɛni ˈkəlʧərəl ənd hɪˈstɔrɪkəl əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz, səʧ ɛz ðə stil sɔrd əv ˈleɪbən ɪn 600 b.c.”*.” wi hæd noʊ ˈænsər tɪ ðiz ˈkrɪtɪks æt ðə taɪm, bət ɛz ˈɔfən ˈhæpənz ɪn ðiz ˈmætərz, nu dɪˈskəvəriz ɪn ˈleɪtər jɪrz ʃɛd nu laɪt. ˈroʊpər rɪˈpɔrts, ɪz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli əˈpɛrənt ðət ðə ˈpræktɪs əv ˈhɑrdənɪŋ aɪərn θru dɪˈlɪbərˌeɪt carburization*, kˈwɛnʧɪŋ ənd ˈtɛmpərɪŋ wɑz wɛl noʊn tɪ ðə ˈeɪnʧənt wərld frəm wɪʧ keɪm. simz evident,’*,’ noʊts wən ˈrisənt əˈθɔrəti, baɪ ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə tɛnθ ˈsɛnʧəri b.c*. wər ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəli iron.’”*.’” ɪn 1987 ðə ˈɛnsən ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət hæd əˈnərθt ə lɔŋ stil sɔrd nɪr ˈʤɛrɪˌkoʊ ˈdeɪtɪŋ bæk tɪ ðə leɪt ˈsɛvənθ ˈsɛnʧəri b.c*., ˈprɑbəˌbli tɪ ðə reɪn əv kɪŋ ʤoʊˈsaɪə hu daɪd ˈʃɔrtli ˌbiˈfɔr bɪˈgæn tɪ prophesy*. ðɪs sɔrd ɪz naʊ ɔn dɪˈspleɪ æt ˈɪzriəl mˈjuziəm. ðə ɪkˈsplænəˌtɔri saɪn ridz ɪn pɑrt, sɔrd ɪz meɪd əv aɪərn ˈhɑrdənd ˈɪntu stil, əˈtɛstɪŋ tɪ səbˈstænʃəl ˌmɛtəˈlərʤɪkəl know-how.”*.” di. tɑd krɪˈstɑfərsən, "ðə ˈprɑfət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ", ˈbrɪgəm jəŋ dɪˈvoʊʃənəl, sɛpˈtɛmbər 24 2013 ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns ˈɛldər krɪˈstɑfərsən kriˈeɪts ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ: "ðɛr wɑz stil ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ist əraʊnd ðə taɪm əv, soʊ ˈmeɪbi ðɛr wɑz stil ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə æt ðə seɪm taɪm." ðə ˈprɑbləm, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, laɪ wɪθ ðə əˈbɪləˌti ər ˈnɑlɪʤ tɪ ˈproʊdus stil æt ðə taɪm lɪvd. ðə ˈprɑbləm laɪz ɪn ðə fækt ðət noʊ ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkən stil tulz ər ˈwɛpənz (ər ˈtreɪsɪz ər ˈɛvədəns əv ðɛm ər ðɛr ˌmænjəˈfækʧər) hæv ˈɛvər bɪn faʊnd. ˈɛldər krɪˈstɑfərsən ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ə baɪ ˈsaɪdˌstɛpɪŋ ðə ˈækʧəwəl ˈɑrgjəmənt (ðət noʊ stil həz ˈɛvər bɪn faʊnd ɪn ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkə) ənd rɪfˈjutɪŋ ə ˈwikər ˈɑrgjəmənt (ðət stil wɑz nɑt ˈkeɪpəbəl əv biɪŋ ˌmænjəˈfækʧərd æt ðə taɪm əv). ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən dɪˈskraɪbz væst ˈbætəlz, wɪθ ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈfɔrsɪz dˈwɔrfɪŋ ðoʊz əv ðə ˈroʊmən ˈɛmpaɪər (ðə ˈroʊmən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri mækst aʊt əraʊnd ˈsoʊlʤərz) ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ðə ˈhɛvi juz əv ˈmɛtələrʤi. ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ðə əˈkaʊnts ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, nɑt ə ˈsɪŋgəl stil sɔrd, ˈhɛlmət, ˈɑrmər, ˈʧɛriət, spɪr, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. həz bɪn faʊnd. ðɛr ɪz ˈziroʊ ˈɛvədəns fər ðə ˈɑrgjəmənt ˈɛldər krɪˈstɑfərsən feɪld tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs. noʊ stil həz ˈɛvər bɪn faʊnd ɪn ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkə. ðət stil wɑz ˌmænjəˈfækʧərd ɪn ðə ˈsɛvənθ ˈsɛnʧəri ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ist həz noʊ ˈbɛrɪŋ ɔn ˈwɛðər stil wɑz ˌmænjəˈfækʧərd ər juzd ɔn ə ˈmæsɪv skeɪl ɪn ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkə, ɛz dɪˈpɪktɪd ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ˈɑrgjəmənt ɪz laɪk seɪɪŋ, ʧaɪˈniz kʊd meɪk ˈfaɪrˌwərks ə lɔŋ taɪm əˈgoʊ, soʊ ˈmeɪbi ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiənz kʊd ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz meɪk ˈfaɪrˌwərks æt ðə seɪm time.”*.” ʃʊr, ðeɪ ˈmeɪbi kʊd hæv, bət ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈɛvədəns ðət ðeɪ dɪd. waɪl ɪt ɪz tru ðət ðə əv ˈɛvədəns dɪz nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli pruv (wɪθ 100 ˈsərtənti) ðət ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈnɛvər ɪgˈzɪstəd, ðə ˈæbsəns əv ˈɛvədəns dɪz ˈdiˌkris ðə ˈlaɪkliˌhʊd ðət ˈsəmθɪŋ ɪgˈzɪstəd. ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət ðə ˈæbsəns əv ˈɛvədəns ɪz ˈɛvədəns əv ˈæbsəns ɪz nɑt ʤɪst ə rul əv θəm ɪt ɪz ə lɔ əv ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti ˈθɪri. ɪf ðɛr ɪz səm haɪˈpɑθəsəs eɪʧ ənd səm ɪˈvɛnt i səʧ ðət p(e|h*) p(e*), wi noʊ ðət p(h|e*) p(h*), ər ɪz ˈɛvədəns ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv h.”*.” ɪf ðɪs ɪz ðə keɪs, ɪt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ tru ðət p(~e|h*) <p(~e*), soʊ wi kən kənˈklud ðət p(h|~e*) <p(h*), ər əbˈzərvɪŋ i loʊərz ðə ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti əv h.”*.” ðɪs ˈvɪdioʊ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪts ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl pruf ðət ˈæbsəns əv ˈɛvədəns ɪz ˈɛvədəns əv ˈæbsəns. ˈmɔrmən əˈpɑləʤɪsts ənd naʊ ðə ʧərʧ (sɪns wən əv ɪts əˈpɔsəlz ʤɪst juzd ɪt) ˈɔfən kəˈmɪt ðə ˈfæləsi əv ɪkwɪvəˈkeɪʃən wɪθ ðə əv evidence”*” freɪz, wɪʧ kən hæv ˈməltəpəl ˌɪmˈplaɪd ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃənz: ðə moʊst ˈjusfəl ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv əv evidence”*” ɪz əv data.”*.” ðɛr ɪz əˈnəðər ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən: əv presence.”*.” ðiz ər nɑt ðə seɪm θɪŋz. ɪf ju ʧɛk səm ˈɛriə fər stil ˈɑrtəˌfækts ənd du nɑt faɪnd ˈɛni, ju hæv əv data.”*.” ju hæv ˈdætə. ju noʊ ðət ðɛr ər noʊ stil ˈɑrtəˌfækts ɪn ðət ˈɛriə. ju gɪt ə ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə ɪn jʊr grɪd fər ðət graʊnd. ɪn ðə keɪs əv stil ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə, wi kən hæv ʧɛkt ə səˈfɪʃənt əv ðə graʊnd fər ˈɛvədəns əv stil, faɪnd ˈnəθɪŋ, ənd ˈæˌkʧuəli hæv lɑts əv ˈdætə, nɑt ʤɪst ən əv evidence’*’ (læk əv ˈprɛzəns). hir ɪz ən əˈnæləʤi tɪ ˈfərðər ˈɪləˌstreɪt ðɪs pɔɪnt: banana-ist*: ə bəˈnænə ðət livz ˈɛvriˌwən ɪn ðə wərld bəˈnænəz ɔn ðɛr ˈpɪloʊ ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ. a-banana-ist*: ˈnɛvər hæd ə bəˈnænə ɔn maɪ ˈpɪloʊ ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ soʊ ˈðɛrˌfɔr ðə θɪŋ ju dɪˈskraɪb ɪgˈzɪst. banana-ist*: ˌɑˈhɑ! bət ˈæbsəns əv ˈɛvədəns ˈɛvədəns əv ˈæbsəns! a-banana-ist*: nɑt ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt əv evidence,’*,’ ðə əv bananas’*’ ɪn ðɪs keɪs ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈɛvədəns ðət dɪˈspruvz jʊr əˈsərʃən, bɪˈkəz jʊr bəˈnænə həz ðə ˈprɑpərti əv bəˈnænəz ɔn ˈpɪloʊ ɪn ðə morning.”*.” ðɛr meɪ bi ˈəðər wɪθ ˈəðər ˈprɑpərtiz, bət aɪ hæv ˈɛvədəns əv ə læk əv bəˈnænəz, ənd ðət ɪz ˈɛvədəns əv ðə ˈæbsəns əv ə bəˈnænə. ənd hɪrz ən ˈivɪn mɔr ˈɑbviəs əˈnæləʤi: ˈsəmˌwən kleɪmz ðət ðeɪ kip ən ˈɛləfənt ɪn ðɛr gərɑʒ. ə ˈpərfəktli ˈnɔrməl ənd ˈvɪzəbəl lɑrʤ greɪ ˈɛləfənt. ju goʊ tɪ lʊk ənd ju ˈkænɑt si ˈɛni ˈɛləfənt. ju ˈɛnər ðə gərɑʒ, wɪʧ ɪz kwaɪt smɔl, ənd lʊk əraʊnd. ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈɛləfənt smɛl ər ˈɛni ˈɛləfənt ˈdrɑpɪŋz. ɪn fækt, ðɛr ɪz ə ˈtoʊtəl læk əv ˈɛvədəns əv ˈɛni sɔrt wɪʧ wʊd ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ər səˈʤɛst ðɛr ɪz ən ˈɛləfənt ɪn ðə gərɑʒ. ju wʊd kwaɪt ˈrizənəbli əˈsum ðət ðə ˈæbsəns əv ˌɛləˈfænˌtin ˈɛvədəns ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ðə ˈæbsəns əv ðə ˈɛləfənt. ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ən ˈɛləfənt ɪn ə gərɑʒ. laɪk ðə ˈɛləfənt, ɪt meɪks ɪˈnəf kleɪmz ðət ˈvərʧuəli ˈsərtən faɪnd ˈɛvədəns ˈæftər ˈɔlˌmoʊst 200 jɪrz əv ˈsərʧɪŋ. soʊ, nɑt ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈɛni ˈɛvədəns ɪz ˈɛvədəns əˈgɛnst ðə bʊk ənd ɪts kleɪmz. ʃʊd noʊ ˈbɛtər ðən tɪ meɪk ə kleɪm wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛvədəns ˈoʊnli tɪ tərn əraʊnd ənd æsk fər ɪt ɪn rɪˈtərn frəm ðə ˈkrɪtɪks. kən bi əˈsərtəd wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛvədəns kən bi dɪsˈmɪst wɪˈθaʊt evidence.”*.” ˈkrɪstəfər ˈhɪʧənz wət ər 1769 kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈvərʒən ɪˈdɪʃən ˈɛrərz duɪŋ ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən? ˈlɛtər sɪz... "wət ər 1769 kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈvərʒən ɪˈdɪʃən ˈɛrərz duɪŋ ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən? ən ˈeɪnʧənt tɛkst? ˈɛrərz wɪʧ ər juˈnik tɪ ðə 1769 ɪˈdɪʃən ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ oʊnd?" əˈgriz əˈgriz ðət ðɛr ər 1769 kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈvərʒən ˈɛrərz ˈprɛzənt ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. sɪz... ɪt ɪz noʊn ðət ˈɑlɪvər ˈkaʊdəri ˈpərʧəst ə ˈbaɪbəl frəm e.b*. ˈgrænˌdɪn ɔn 8 ɑkˈtoʊbər 1829 ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈkɑpiˌraɪt wɑz ˈrɛʤɪstərd ɔn 11 ʤun 1829 ənd ðə trænzˈleɪʃən wɑz kəmˈplitɪd ɪn leɪt ʤun. praɪər tɪ ðət taɪm, ðə ˈoʊnli ˈbaɪbəl ˈʤoʊzəf ɪz noʊn tɪ hæv hæd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ wɑz ðə smɪθ ˈfæməli ˈbaɪbəl, wɪʧ wɑz nɑt ɪn hɪz pəˈzɛʃən ˈæftər hi ˈmɛrid ənd muvd aʊt əv ðə smɪθ hoʊm. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðɪs ɪz ʤɪst misdirection*. hir ər ðə fækts: ðɛr ər ˈsɛnʧəri əˈdɪʃənz (dɪˈnoʊtəd baɪ aɪˈtælɪks ɪn ðə) ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðɛr ər 1769 ˈbaɪbəl ɪˈdɪʃən ˈɛrərz juˈnik tɪ ˈoʊnli ðət ɪˈdɪʃən ˈprɛzənt ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. kənˈsidz bɪˈloʊ ðət waɪl ðɛr ər noʊ rɪˈpɔrts frəm ˈwɪtnəsɪz ðət ˈʤoʊzəf juzd ən ˈoʊpən ˈbaɪbəl, ɪt ɪz ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ˈʤoʊzəf hæd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ə ˈbaɪbəl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd əv trænzˈleɪʃən ˈɔkwərdli pɔɪnts tɪ ðə ˈmɔrmən gɑd hɪmˈsɛlf ɛz ə ˈpɑsəbəl sɔrs fər ˈpʊtɪŋ juˈnik 1769 ɪˈdɪʃən ˈɛrərz ənd ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks ɪn ðə kərˈɛkt bʊk ɔn earth”*” bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən: ...wi du nɑt kleɪm tɪ noʊ waɪ ðə lɔrd ʧoʊz tɪ rɪˈvil ðə ˈbɪblɪkəl ˈpæsɪʤɪz ɪn ðət ˈmænər. ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks ənd 1769 ˈɛrərz wərd fər wərd ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ɪts oʊn ˈdæmɪŋ ˈɛvədəns. ðiz ˈɛrərz ˈtoʊtəli ˈəndərˌmaɪn ðə kleɪm ðət ˈʤoʊzəf ““translated”*” ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ənd ðə kleɪm ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ðə moʊst kərˈɛkt bʊk ɔn ərθ. laɪk ə kraɪm sin, wi du nɑt nid ə ˈvɪdioʊ rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ər ən ˌæfəˈdeɪvət frəm ðə ˈsəˌspɛkt ər ə ˈwɪtnəs tɪ ʃoʊ ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ðə ˈsəˌspɛkt ˈmərdərd wɪθ ə gən. ðə ˈbɑdi ˈrɪdəld wɪθ ˈbʊləts ənd ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ʃɛl ˈkeɪsɪŋz ɔn ðə flɔr ɪz səˈfɪʃənt ˈɛvədəns tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ðə fækt ðət ðə ˈsəˌspɛkt juzd ə ˈpɪstəl ɪn ðə ˈmərdər. ɪn ðə keɪs əv ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks ənd 1769 ɪˈdɪʃən ˈɛrərz ɪn ən ˈeɪnʧənt tɛkst səʧ ɛz ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən? ˈwɛðər ər nɑt wi hæv dɪˈrɛkt ˈɛvədəns ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ hæd ə 1769 ɪˈdɪʃən ˈbaɪbəl ər ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ɪt ˈdʊrɪŋ trænzˈleɪʃən ɪz ˌɪˈrɛləvənt ənd dɪˈvərʒəˌnɛri tɪ ðə ril kˈwɛʃən æst ɪn ə ˈdɪfərənt weɪ: waɪ ər ðɛr bullets”*” ɪn ə ˈbɑdi ðət ɪgˈzɪstəd ˈoʊnli bɪtˈwin 2200 421 æd? ˈθaʊzənz əv jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr bullets”*” ˈivɪn ɪgˈzɪstəd? sɪz... ˈʤoʊzəf ˈdɪkˌteɪtɪd ðə tɛkst əv moʊst əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪn ðə ˈoʊpən ɪn frənt əv ˈwɪtnəsɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ðə stoʊn ənd ðə hæt, ə pɔɪnt ˈklɪrli ækˈnɑlɪʤd baɪ ˈkrɪtɪks əv ðə ʧərʧ. ðiz ˈwɪtnəsɪz ˈnɛvər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ə ˈbaɪbəl ər ˈɛni ˈəðər bʊk wɑz ˈprɛzənt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə trænzˈleɪʃən. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤɪz ðə ˈɛvədəns əv 1769 ˈɛrərz ənd ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ənd ðə ˈwiknəs əv riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈɑrgjəmənt ðət ðə ˈwɪtnəsɪz ˈnɛvər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ə ˈbaɪbəl ər ˈɛni ˈəðər bʊk wɑz ˈprɛzənt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə trænzˈleɪʃən, baɪ kənˈsidɪŋ bɪˈloʊ ðət ɪt ɪz ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ˈʤoʊzəf hæd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ə ˈbaɪbəl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd əv trænzˈleɪʃən. ðət ðə ˈwɪtnəsɪz ˈnɛvər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈʤoʊzəf ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ə 1769 ˈbaɪbəl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs ˈæˌkʧuəli ɛnˈhænsɪz ðə ˈlaɪkliˌhʊd ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ə frɔd. ˌɪgˈnɔrɪŋ ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ðət gɑd hɪmˈsɛlf rɪˈvild ðə ˈɛrərz, æt bɛst ˈʤoʊzəf wɑz riˈsaɪtɪŋ frəm ˈmɛməri ˈpæsɪʤɪz frəm ðə 1769 ˈbaɪbəl, ˈrəðər ðən ““dictating,”*,” ɛz ˈfreɪzɪz ɪt. æt wərst, ˈʤoʊzəf ˈweɪtɪd ənˈtɪl ðə ˈwɪtnəsɪz əraʊnd tɪ kənˈsəlt ənd ˈkɑpi frəm ðə 1769 ˈbaɪbəl. ɪn ˈɛni ɪˈvɛnt, ðə ˌɪnˈkluʒən əv ˈɛrərz juˈnik tɪ ðə 1769 ˈbaɪbəl ɪˈdɪʃən ənd ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wərd fər wərd ɪz ɪts oʊn ˈətərli ˈdæmɪŋ ˈɛvədəns. sɪz... ʧərʧ ˈænsər: ðə sɛpˈtɛmbər 1977 ˈɛnsən səˈʤɛsts ðət ˈʤoʊzəf meɪ hæv əˈdɑptəd ðə ˌaɪˈzeɪə ˈpæsɪʤ ˈwərdɪŋ frəm ðə kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈbaɪbəl: ɪn fækt, ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ɪn ðə ˈsɛkʃənz əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ðət ˌkɔrəˈspɑnd tɪ pɑrts əv ðə ˈbaɪbəl ɪz kwaɪt ˈrɛgjələrli səˈlɛktɪd baɪ ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ, ˈrəðər ðən əbˈteɪnd θru ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt trænzˈleɪʃən. fər ˈɪnstəns, ðɛr ər ˈoʊvər 400 ˈvərsɪz ɪn wɪʧ ðə ˈprɑfəts kwoʊt frəm ˌaɪˈzeɪə, ənd hæf əv ðiz əˈpɪr prɪˈsaɪsli ɛz ðə kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈvərʒən ˈrɛndərz ðɛm. ˈsəmərˌaɪzɪŋ ðə vju ˈteɪkən baɪ seɪnt ˈskɑlərz ɔn ðɪs pɔɪnt, ˈdænjəl eɪʧ. ˈləˌdloʊ ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzɪz ðə ˌɪnˈhɛrənt vərˈaɪəti əv ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt trænzˈleɪʃən ənd kənˈkludz: əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ˈoʊnli wən ˈænsər tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðə ˌsɪməˈlɛrətiz bɪtˈwin ðə ˈvərsɪz əv ˌaɪˈzeɪə ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl ənd ðə seɪm ˈvərsɪz ɪn ðə bʊk əv mormon.”*.” ðət ɪz ˈsɪmpli ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ məst hæv ˈoʊpənd ˌaɪˈzeɪə ənd ˈtɛstɪd iʧ ˈmɛnʃənd vərs baɪ ðə ˈspɪrɪt: hɪz trænzˈleɪʃən wɑz ɛˈsɛnʃəli ðə seɪm ɛz ðət əv ðə kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈvərʒən, hi əˈpɛrəntli kˈwoʊtɪd ðə vərs frəm ðə bible.”*.” ðəs ðə oʊld ˈtɛstəmənt ˈpæsɪʤɪz frəm ˌaɪˈzeɪə dɪˈspleɪ ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ʧɔɪs əv ˌfreɪziˈɔlɔʤi ðət səˈʤɛsts ˈʤoʊzəf ˈʤɛnərəl ˈfridəm θruaʊt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən fər ˈɔpʃənəl ˈwərdɪŋ. lɔɪd ˈændərsən, "baɪ ðə gɪft ənd paʊər əv gɑd," ˈɛnsən (sɛpˈtɛmbər 1977 (ˈɛmfəsɪs ˈædɪd) ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðɪs kleɪm ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkts ˈmɛni əˈkaʊnts əv haʊ ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈhæpənd. ɛz bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈwɪtnəs ˈdeɪvɪd ˈwɪtmər dɪˈskraɪbd ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈmɛθəd: smɪθ wʊd pʊt ðə sir stoʊn ˈɪntu ə hæt, ənd pʊt hɪz feɪs ɪn ðə hæt, drɔɪŋ ɪt ˈkloʊsli əraʊnd hɪz feɪs tɪ ɪkˈsklud ðə laɪt; ənd ɪn ðə ˈdɑrknəs ðə ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl laɪt wʊd ʃaɪn. ə pis əv ˈsəmθɪŋ rɪˈzɛmbəlɪŋ ˈpɑrʧmənt wʊd əˈpɪr, ənd ɔn ðət əˈpɪrd ðə ˈraɪtɪŋ. wən ˈkɛrɪktər æt ə taɪm wʊd əˈpɪr, ənd ˈəndər ɪt wɑz ðə ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən ɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ. ˈbrəðər ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd rɛd ɔf ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ tɪ ˈɑlɪvər ˈkaʊdəri, hu wɑz hɪz ˈprɪnsəpəl skraɪb, ənd wɪn ɪt wɑz ˈrɪtən daʊn ənd rɪˈpitɪd tɪ ˈbrəðər ˈʤoʊzəf tɪ si ɪf ɪt wɑz kərˈɛkt, ðɛn ɪt wʊd ˌdɪsəˈpɪr, ənd əˈnəðər ˈkɛrɪktər wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən wʊd appear.”*.” kˈwoʊtɪd ɪn ˈɛldər ˈrəsəl ɛm. ˈtrɛʒərd testament”*” kleɪm ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkts ˈsɛvərəl ˈəðər ˈwɪtnəs əˈkaʊnts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðoʊz əv ˈmɑrtɪn ˈhɛrɪs, ənd ðə ˈrisənt ˈgɔspəl ˈtɑpɪks ˈɑrtɪkəl ɔn ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs, wɪʧ steɪts ðət pleɪst ˈiðər ðə ˌɪnˈtərprətərz ər ðə sir stoʊn ɪn ə hæt, prɛst hɪz feɪs ˈɪntu ðə hæt tɪ blɑk aʊt ɛkˈstreɪniəs laɪt, ənd rɛd əˈlaʊd ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ wərdz ðət əˈpɪrd ɔn ðə instrument.”*.” ˈʤoʊzəf dɪd nɑt hæv, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðiz əˈkaʊnts, ˈʤɛnərəl ˈfridəm fər ˈɔpʃənəl ˈwərdɪŋ ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðə ɪgˈzækt wərdz keɪm ɔf ðə stoʊn ɪn ðə hæt. sɪz... ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˈgɪvɪn ðət hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈsɔrsəz (ənd ðə ˈkrɪtɪks) kənˈfərm ðət ˈʤoʊzəf ˈdɪkˌteɪtɪd ɪn ðə ˈoʊpən ɪn frənt əv ˈwɪtnəsɪz wɪˈθaʊt kənˈsəltɪŋ ə ˈbaɪbəl, wən ˈpɑsəbəl kənˈkluʒən ðət ə bɪˈlivɪŋ ˈmɛmbər kən riʧ tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ˈbaɪbəl ˈpæsɪʤɪz wɪʧ mæʧ ðə kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈvərʒən ɪz ðət ðə lɔrd rɪˈvild ðɛm tɪ ˈʤoʊzəf ɪn ðət ˈmænər. əˈnəðər ˈpɑsəbəl kənˈkluʒən ɪz ðət wɪn ˈʤoʊzəf ɪnˈkaʊnərd ˈbɪblɪkəl ˈpæsɪʤɪz, ðət hi kənˈsəltɪd ə ˈbaɪbəl ənd ˈsɪmpli juzd ðə tɛkst, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðɪs dɪz nɑt ɪkˈspleɪn haʊ hi ˈmænɪʤd tɪ ˈdɪkˌteɪt ɪt frəm ˈmɛməri. ɪn ˈiðər keɪs, wi du nɑt kleɪm tɪ noʊ waɪ ðə lɔrd ʧoʊz tɪ rɪˈvil ðə ˈbɪblɪkəl ˈpæsɪʤɪz ɪn ðət ˈmænər. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ noʊt: dɪˈlitəd ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ rɪˈspɑns ɔn ðə ˈoʊnli dɪˈskrɪpʃən əv ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ ˈɛvər geɪv wɑz ðət ɪt wɑz pərˈfɔrmd baɪ ðə ənd paʊər əv god,’*,’ ənd ðət ðə trænzˈleɪʃən wɑz pərˈfɔrmd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ənd thummim.’*.’ sɪns ˈʤoʊzəf trænzˈleɪtəd ɪn ðə ˈoʊpən ˈjuzɪŋ ðə stoʊn ənd ðə hæt, ənd ˈwɪtnəsɪz ˈnɛvər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ə ˈbaɪbəl ər ˈɛni ˈəðər bʊk wɑz ˈprɛzənt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə trænzˈleɪʃən, ðə ˈoʊnli kənˈkluʒən ðət wi kən riʧ tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ˈbaɪbəl ˈpæsɪʤɪz wɪʧ mæʧ ðə kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈvərʒən ɪz ðət ðə lɔrd rɪˈvild ðɛm tɪ ˈʤoʊzəf ɪn ðət ˈmænər. wi du nɑt noʊ ðə ˈrizən fər ðɪs. wi noʊ waɪ bət wi noʊ ðət gɑd geɪv ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ 1769 kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ɪˈdɪʃən ˈɛrərz juˈnik tɪ ˈoʊnli ðə 1769 ɪˈdɪʃən tɪ pʊt ˈɪntu ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən? ðɪs ɪz ðə bɛst kən du? əˈgɛn, ðɛr ɪz noʊ ləˈʤɪtəmət ˈrizən fər gɑd tɪ hæv rɪˈvild ˈɛrərz tɪ ˈʤoʊzəf. ðə ˈɛrərz ˈəndərˌmaɪn ðə kleɪmz ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ə trænzˈleɪʃən ənd ðət ɪt ɪz ðə moʊst kərˈɛkt bʊk. pərˈhæps ðə ˈrizən waɪ kən ˈoʊnli kəm tɪ ðə kənˈkluʒən ðət gɑd geɪv ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ 1769 ɪˈdɪʃən ˈɛrərz tɪ pʊt ˈɪntu ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz bɪˈkəz rɪfˈjuzɪz tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ðət gɑd ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɪθ ðə kriˈeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən æt ɔl. sɪz... kwoʊts tɪ kənˈsɪdər ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ ˈsteɪtɪd ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1838 kˈwɛʃən 4th*. haʊ, ənd wɛr dɪd ju əbˈteɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən? ˈænsər. mərˈoʊni, ðə ˈpərsən hu dɪˈpɑzətəd ðə pleɪts, frəm wɛns ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wɑz trænzˈleɪtəd, ɪn ə hɪl ɪn ˈmænˌʧɛstər, ɑnˈtɛrioʊ ˈkaʊnti, nu jɔrk, biɪŋ dɛd, ənd reɪzd əˈgɛn therefrom*, əˈpɪrd ˈəntu mi, ənd toʊld mi wɛr ðeɪ wər; ənd geɪv mi dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz haʊ tɪ əbˈteɪn ðɛm. aɪ əbˈteɪnd ðɛm ənd ðə ənd wɪθ ðɛm; baɪ ðə minz əv wɪʧ aɪ trænzˈleɪtəd ðə pleɪts ənd ðəs keɪm ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. (ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ, (ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1838 ˈɛldərz ˈʤərnəl ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ 1838 kleɪm ɪz ðət ənˈtru. ˈʤoʊzəf dɪd nɑt trænzˈleɪt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wi hæv təˈdeɪ wɪθ ðə ənd ər ðə ˈfɪzɪkəl pleɪts. hi juzd ə rɑk ɪn ə hæt. ə rɑk hi faʊnd ɔn hɪz ˈprɑpərti ɪn 1822 ðɪs ɪz ðə ɪgˈzækt seɪm ˈmɛθəd ðət ˈʤoʊzəf juzd tɪ kɑn ˈpipəl aʊt əv ðɛr ˈməni ɪn hɪz ˈtrɛʒər ˈhəntɪŋ ˈbɪznɪs. kənˈsidz ðət ˈʤoʊzəf juzd ə rɑk ɪn ə hæt fər ˈtrænsˌleɪtɪŋ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən hir. sɪz... ðə ˈɔθər ˈkɑpid hɪz ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən frəm ðə saɪt handbook”*” ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ aɪ æm glæd ðət brɪŋz ðɪs əp ɛz ðɪs ɪz ən ˈɛksələnt keɪs ˈstədi əv haʊ ðə ʧərʧ ənd ˈmɔrmən əˈpɑləʤɪsts juz ðə ˌɔrˈwɛliən ““anti-mormon”*” kɑrd ɛz ə ˈskɛri ɪn ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪtɪŋ ənd dɪˈskərɪʤɪŋ seɪnts frəm ˈæˌkʧuəli ɪnˈgeɪʤɪŋ ɪn ˈbælənst ˈrisərʧ əˈbaʊt ðə ʧərʧ ənd ɪts ˈhɪstəri. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈgræfɪks ənd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ər wət aɪ ˈbɑˌroʊd frəm ðə ˈsoʊˈkɔld ““anti-mormon”*” ˈmɔrmən ˈhændˌbʊk ˈwɛbˌsaɪt: ðə əˈbəv ɪgˈzæmpəl, 2 ˈdeɪtɪd ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən tɪ bi əraʊnd 550, kwoʊts ˈnɪrli vərˈbeɪtəm frəm ðə 1611 æd trænzˈleɪʃən əv ˌaɪˈzeɪə ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə translators’*’ wərdz. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, ˈʤoʊzəf kˈwɑləˌfaɪd ðə si ɛz ðə rɛd si. ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ðɪs ɪz ðət (ə) kraɪst kˈwoʊtɪd ˌaɪˈzeɪə ɪn mæt. ənd dɪd nɑt ˈmɛnʃən ðə rɛd si, (bi) ““red”*” si ɪz nɑt faʊnd ɪn ˈɛni sɔrs ˈmænjəˌskrɪpts, ənd (si) ðə rɛd si ɪz 250 maɪəlz əˈweɪ. ɪn ðə əˈbəv ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðə trænzˈleɪtərz ˈædɪd 7 wərdz nɑt faʊnd ɪn ðə sɔrs ˈhibru ˈmænjəˌskrɪpts tɪ ɪts ˈɪŋlɪʃ trænzˈleɪʃən. waɪ dɪz ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, kəmˈplitɪd jɪrz praɪər, kənˈteɪn ðə ɪgˈzækt aɪˈdɛntɪkəl ˈsɛvən wərdz əv ˈsɛnʧəri trænzˈleɪtərz? ˈnoʊtɪs ðət dɪz nɑt seɪ ðət ðɪs ɪz fɔls, ðət ə laɪ, ər ðət ˌɪnkərˈɛkt. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən bɪtˈwin ənd ən ˌɪnˈfɔrmd seɪnt ˈɪləˌstreɪts ðə ˈwiknəs ɪn ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm:: ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ˈkɑpid frəm ən ‘‘anti-mormon’*’ website!”*!” ˌɪnˈfɔrmd seɪnt:? ɪz ɪt tru ər ɪz ɪt fɔls ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən kənˈteɪnz 1769 ˈɛrərz ənd ˈsɛnʧəri italics?”*?”: ““well*, jɛs, ðɛr ər 1769 ˈɛrərz ənd ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks ˈprɛzənt ɪn ðə bʊk əv gɑd meɪ hæv ˈgɪvɪn ðɛm tɪ ˈʤoʊzəf tɪ pʊt ɪn there!”*!” ˌɪnˈfɔrmd seɪnt: kleɪm ðət 1769 ˈɛrərz ənd ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ˌɪnˈdid ˈvælɪd ənd tru? waɪ dɪd ju pʊl aʊt ðə ‘‘anti-mormon’*’ kɑrd ðɛn? wət ˈpərpəs dɪd ju hoʊp tɪ əˈkɑmplɪʃ baɪ ˈbrɪŋɪŋ əp ðə ˈloʊdɪd ‘‘anti-mormon’*’ ˈleɪbəl tɪ bɪˈgɪn wɪθ? tɪ skɛr ənd ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt mi frəm ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfərðər ˈɪntu ðə ˈɛvədəns? tɪ meɪk mi dɪsˈmɪs ðə ɪnˈtaɪər kleɪm ˌɔltəˈgɛðər ɛz sun ɛz aɪ hərd ðə ˈtrɪgər wərdz? tɪ kip mi frəm siɪŋ ðət ðə ˈkrɪtɪks æt list ɪn ðɪs keɪs ər correct?”*?” ðə əˈbəv ˈgræfɪks frəm ðɪs ˈsoʊˈkɔld ““anti-mormon”*” ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈsɪmpli lɪst ˈskrɪpʧərz ðət ˈɛvəri seɪnt həz ˈækˌsɛs tɪ. ɔl ju hæv tɪ du ɪz pʊl aʊt ðə ˈskrɪpʧərz ənd kəmˈpɛr ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈvərsɪz tɪ ðə ˈbaɪbəl ˈvərsɪz tɪ si ðət ðə ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks ər ˌɪnˈdid ˈprɛzənt ɪn ðə səˈpoʊzd ˈeɪnʧənt bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən tɛkst. ɪz ʤɪst əˈtɛmptɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt ðɛr seɪnt ˈridərz frəm ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə ˈɛvədəns baɪ ˈleɪbəlɪŋ ɪt ““anti-mormon,”*,” waɪl aɪˈrɑnɪkli kənˈsidɪŋ ðət ðə ˈɛvədəns ɪz tru ənd ˈfækʧuəl. mæt ʃɛrz ðə ˈprɑbləmz ənd əbˈsərdətiz əv ðə ənd ˈmɔrmən əˌpɑləˈʤɛtɪk juz əv ðə "anti-mormon*" kɑrd ənd haʊ ɪt dɪz nɑt sərv seɪnts ɪn ðɛr kwɛst fər truθ: wət ər ðiz ˈsɛnʧəri wərdz duɪŋ ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən? ˈlɛtər sɪz... ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt æsks waɪ wərdz frəm ðə kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈbaɪbəl ər ˈprɛzənt ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən? əˈgriz əˈgriz ðət ðɛr ər ˈsɛnʧəri kɪŋ ʤeɪmz ˈvərʒən wərdz ˈprɛzənt ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. sɪz... ðɛr wɑz noʊ ˈbaɪbəl ɪn ˈɛvədəns ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə dɪkˈteɪʃən, wɪʧ wɑz pərˈfɔrmd ɪn ðə ˈoʊpən ɪn frəm əv ˈwɪtnəsɪz, ɛz ˈʤoʊzəf lʊkt ˈɪntu ðə stoʊn ɪn ðə hæt. ɪt ɪz ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ˈʤoʊzəf hæd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ə ˈbaɪbəl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd əv trænzˈleɪʃən, dɪˈspaɪt ðə fækt ðət noʊ ˈwɪtnəsɪz ˈɛvər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðɪs. ɪn ðɪs keɪs, ˈʤoʊzəf meɪ hæv ˈsɪmpli səˈlɛktɪd ðə ˈwərdɪŋ əv ðiz ˈpæsɪʤɪz tɪ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt wət wɑz rɪˈvild tɪ ɪm. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ɪn ðɪs keɪs, ˈʤoʊzəf meɪ hæv ˈsɪmpli səˈlɛktɪd ðə ˈwərdɪŋ əv ðiz ˈpæsɪʤɪz tɪ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt wət wɑz rɪˈvild tɪ ɪm. ðɛr ər ˈmeɪʤər ˈprɑbləmz wɪθ ðɪs əˈsərʃən. fərst, noʊ ˈwɪtnəs əˈkaʊnt əv ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs kənˈfərmz ðət ˈʤoʊzəf kənˈsəltɪd ðə ˈbaɪbəl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. ˈsɛkənd, ðə əˈfɪʃəl 2013 ʧərʧ ˈɑrtɪkəl ɔn ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs, ɛz wɛl ɛz kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈaɪˈwɪtnəs əˈkaʊnts, ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkt ðɪs əˈsərʃən. ɛz ˈsteɪtɪd əˈbəv, ðə ˈrisənt ˈgɔspəl ˈtɑpɪks ˈɑrtɪkəl steɪts ðət pleɪst ˈiðər ðə ˌɪnˈtərprətərz ər ðə sir stoʊn ɪn ə hæt, prɛst hɪz feɪs ˈɪntu ðə hæt tɪ blɑk aʊt ɛkˈstreɪniəs laɪt, ənd rɛd əˈlaʊd ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ wərdz ðət əˈpɪrd ɔn ðə instrument.”*.” nɛkst, bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈwɪtnəs ˈdeɪvɪd ˈwɪtmər (ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈəðər ˈwɪtnəsɪz) dɪˈbəŋks translation”*” ˈθɪri: smɪθ wʊd pʊt ðə sir stoʊn ˈɪntu ə hæt, ənd pʊt hɪz feɪs ɪn ðə hæt, drɔɪŋ ɪt ˈkloʊsli əraʊnd hɪz feɪs tɪ ɪkˈsklud ðə laɪt; ənd ɪn ðə ˈdɑrknəs ðə ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl laɪt wʊd ʃaɪn. ə pis əv ˈsəmθɪŋ rɪˈzɛmbəlɪŋ ˈpɑrʧmənt wʊd əˈpɪr, ənd ɔn ðət əˈpɪrd ðə ˈraɪtɪŋ. wən ˈkɛrɪktər æt ə taɪm wʊd əˈpɪr, ənd ˈəndər ɪt wɑz ðə ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən ɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ. ˈbrəðər ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd rɛd ɔf ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ tɪ ˈɑlɪvər ˈkaʊdəri, hu wɑz hɪz ˈprɪnsəpəl skraɪb, ənd wɪn ɪt wɑz ˈrɪtən daʊn ənd rɪˈpitɪd tɪ ˈbrəðər ˈʤoʊzəf tɪ si ɪf ɪt wɑz kərˈɛkt, ðɛn ɪt wʊd ˌdɪsəˈpɪr, ənd əˈnəðər ˈkɛrɪktər wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən wʊd appear.”*.” kˈwoʊtɪd ɪn ˈɛldər ˈrəsəl ɛm. ˈtrɛʒərd testament”*” ðə ki kənˈsɛʃən meɪd baɪ hir ɪz ðɛr ækˈnɑlɪʤmənt ðət ɪt ɪz ˌɪnˈdid ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ˈʤoʊzəf kənˈsəltɪd ðə ˈbaɪbəl fər ˈraɪtɪŋ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðɪs ɪz səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ðə ˈdæmɪŋ ˈɛvədəns əv 1769 ˈɛrərz ənd ˈsɛnʧəri aɪˈtælɪks wərd fər wərd ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɪnˈkludz ˈbɪblɪkəl ˈpæsɪʤɪz ðət wər ˈleɪtər ʧeɪnʤd ɪn ˈʤoʊzəf trænzˈleɪʃən əv ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˈlɛtər sɪz... ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɪnˈkludz ˈbɪblɪkəl ˈpæsɪʤɪz ðət wər ˈleɪtər ʧeɪnʤd ɪn ˈʤoʊzəf trænzˈleɪʃən əv ðə ˈbaɪbəl. əˈgriz əˈgriz ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən kənˈteɪnz ˈpæsɪʤɪz ðət wər ˈleɪtər ʧeɪnʤd ɪn trænzˈleɪʃən əv ðə ˈbaɪbəl. sɪz... ɪf ˈʤoʊzəf ˈkɑpid ˈbɪblɪkəl ˈpæsɪʤɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən trænzˈleɪʃən tɪ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt aɪˈdiəz ɪkˈsprɛsɪz baɪ ˌaɪˈzeɪə (ɛz səˈʤɛstɪd ɪn ðə sɛpˈtɛmbər 1977 ˈɛnsən), ðɛn ɪt ɪz ˌəndərˈstændəbəl ðət hi ʧeɪnʤd ər kərˈɛktɪd səm əv ðiz ˈɪnstənsɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz wərk ɔn ðə smɪθ translation”*” əv ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˈʤoʊzəf dɪd nɑt kleɪm tɪ bi məˈkænɪkli prɪˈzərvɪŋ səm ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkli ‘‘perfect’*’ ˈbɪblɪkəl tɛkst. ˈrəðər, ˈʤoʊzəf juzd ðə ˈɛkstənt kɪŋ ʤeɪmz tɛkst ɛz ə ˈbeɪsɪs fər ˈkɑmənˌtɛri, ɪkˈspænʧən, ənd ˌklɛrəfəˈkeɪʃən beɪst əˈpɑn ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃən, wɪθ ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ˈɪʃuz əv ˈdɑktrənəl ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns fər ðə ˈmɑdərn ˈridər. ˈmɑdərn ˈridərz ər əˈkəstəmd tɪ ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əv ə ‘‘translation’*’ ɛz ˈoʊnli ðə kənˈvərʒən əv tɛkst ɪn wən ˈlæŋgwɪʤ tɪ əˈnəðər. bət, ˈʤoʊzəf juzd ðə tərm ɪn ə ˈbrɔdər ənd mɔr ˌɪnˈklusɪv sɛns, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən, ˈkɑmənˌtɛri, ənd ˌhɑrmənɪˈzeɪʃən. ðə ɪz ˈprɑbəˌbli bɛst ˌəndərˈstʊd ɪn ðɪs laɪt. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ əˈsərʃən əˈbəv ðət gɑd hɪmˈsɛlf rɪˈvild ðə 1769 ˈɛrərz tɪ ˈʤoʊzəf, ɪz kənˈsidɪŋ hir ðət ˈʤoʊzəf ˈkɑpid tɛkst ˈoʊvər tɪ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə sɛpˈtɛmbər 1977 ˈɛnsən, ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ wɑz ˈsɪtɪŋ ðɛr ˈtrænsˌleɪtɪŋ ðə bʊk əv wɪn hi ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd ðə tɛkst ɛz ˌaɪˈzeɪə, stɑpt ðə trænzˈleɪʃən, pʊt daʊn hɪz hæt ənd ˈmæʤɪkəl rɑk, pɪkt əp hɪz 1769 ˈbaɪbəl, ənd ˈkɑpid ˈoʊvər ðə ˌaɪˈzeɪə ˈvərsɪz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ɪts juˈnik 1769 ˈɛrərz ənd aɪˈtælɪks ˈɪntu ðə kərˈɛkt book”*” bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. æm aɪ ˈrɪli səˈpoʊzd tɪ teɪk ðɪs ˈsɪriəsli? waɪ wʊd ˈʤoʊzəf nid tɪ du ðɪs? haʊ dɪz ɪt meɪk ˈɛni sɛns ðət ˈʤoʊzəf stɑps trænzˈleɪʃən ˈkəmɪŋ dɪˈrɛkt frəm gɑd tɪ græb ˈɛrərz ənd aɪˈtælɪks frəm ə bʊk ðət həz bɪn kərˈəptɪd ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz θru ˈnumərəs trænzˈleɪʃənz? ə ˈbaɪbəl ðət ˈʤoʊzəf ˈleɪtər ˈpɔɪntɪd tɪ ɛz ˈnidɪŋ kərˈɛkʃən ənd wɪʧ hi ““corrected”*” ɪn hɪz ““inspired”*” trænzˈleɪʃən əv ðə ˈbaɪbəl? ɪn ˈɛni ɪˈvɛnt, ðɪs sɪˈnɛrioʊ ɪz ˌkɑntrəˈdɪktəd baɪ ˈaɪˈwɪtnəs əˈkaʊnts əv ðə trænzˈleɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs dɪˈskraɪbd baɪ ðə dɪˈsɛmbər 2013 ˈgɔspəl ˈtɑpɪks ˈɑrtɪkəl. ˈmɑdərn ˈridərz ər əˈkəstəmd tɪ ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əv ə 'trænzˈleɪʃən' ɛz ˈoʊnli ðə kənˈvərʒən əv tɛkst ɪn wən ˈlæŋgwɪʤ tɪ əˈnəðər. ðɪs meɪk sɛns, ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈməltəˌtud əv ˈsɔrsəz (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈgɔspəl ˈtɑpɪks ˈɑrtɪkəl) səˈpɔrtɪŋ ə ““tight”*” trænzˈleɪʃən ˈmɛθəd, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ əˈkaʊnt frəm ˈdeɪvɪd ˈwɪtmər: smɪθ wʊd pʊt ðə sir stoʊn ˈɪntu ə hæt, ənd pʊt hɪz feɪs ɪn ðə hæt, drɔɪŋ ɪt ˈkloʊsli əraʊnd hɪz feɪs tɪ ɪkˈsklud ðə laɪt; ənd ɪn ðə ˈdɑrknəs ðə ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl laɪt wʊd ʃaɪn. ə pis əv ˈsəmθɪŋ rɪˈzɛmbəlɪŋ ˈpɑrʧmənt wʊd əˈpɪr, ənd ɔn ðət əˈpɪrd ðə ˈraɪtɪŋ. wən ˈkɛrɪktər æt ə taɪm wʊd əˈpɪr, ənd ˈəndər ɪt wɑz ðə ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən ɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ. ˈbrəðər ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd rɛd ɔf ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ tɪ ˈɑlɪvər ˈkaʊdəri, hu wɑz hɪz ˈprɪnsəpəl skraɪb, ənd wɪn ɪt wɑz ˈrɪtən daʊn ənd rɪˈpitɪd tɪ ˈbrəðər ˈʤoʊzəf tɪ si ɪf ɪt wɑz kərˈɛkt, ðɛn ɪt wʊd ˌdɪsəˈpɪr, ənd əˈnəðər ˈkɛrɪktər wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən wʊd appear.”*.” kˈwoʊtɪd ɪn ˈɛldər ˈrəsəl ɛm. ˈtrɛʒərd testament”*” ɪf ðə ˈbaɪbəl ˈvərsɪz wər gʊd ɪˈnəf fər ðə "moʊst kərˈɛkt bʊk," ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈrizən tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðɛm ɪn ðə əv ðə ˈbaɪbəl (ˈəðər ðən tɪ ˈɑbfəˌskeɪt ðə ˈpleɪʤərˌɪzəm). ɪf ˈʤoʊzəf wɑz traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk ðə ˈbaɪbəl mɔr kərˈɛkt, hi wʊd nɑt ʧeɪnʤ ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət wɑz kərˈɛkt əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˌaɪˈzeɪə. ɛz aɪ hæv ˈsteɪtɪd ɪn ðə ˈlɛtər: ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ kərˈɛktɪd ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ɪn duɪŋ soʊ, hi ˈɔlsoʊ kərˈɛktɪd ðə seɪm aɪˈdɛntɪkəl ˈpæsɪʤ ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz moʊst kərˈɛkt book”*” ənd wɑz trænzˈleɪtəd ə mɪr ˈdɛkeɪd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə. ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wɑz nɑt kərˈəptɪd ˈoʊvər taɪm ənd dɪd nɑt nid kərˈɛktɪŋ. haʊ ɪz ɪt ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən stɪl həz ðə ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ˈpæsɪʤ ənd dɪz nɑt mæʧ ðə ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs? ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ æˈnælɪsɪs həz kənˈkludɪd ðət ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiənz du nɑt ərˈɪʤəˌneɪt frəm ðə ˈmɪdəl ist ˈlɛtər sɪz... æˈnælɪsɪs həz kənˈkludɪd ðət ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiənz du nɑt ərˈɪʤəˌneɪt frəm ðə ˈmɪdəl ist ər frəm ˈɪzrəˌlaɪts bət ˈrəðər frəm asia.”*.” ðə ˈɔθər ðɛn æsks waɪ ðə ʧərʧ ʧeɪnʤd ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən tɪ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən frəm, ənd ðeɪ ər ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl ˈænˌsɛstərz əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən indians”*” tɪ, ənd ðeɪ ər əˈməŋ ðə ˈænˌsɛstərz əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən indians”*”. əˈgriz əˈgriz ðət ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns du nɑt ʃoʊ ˈmɪdəl ˈistərn ər ˈɪzrəˌlaɪt ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ɪn ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiənz bət əˈtɛmpt tɪ dɪˈmɪnɪʃ ðɪs wɪθ ðɛr ənsəˈpɔrtɪd ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən ˈθɪri. əˈgriz ðət ʧərʧ ʧeɪnʤd bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən ɪn 2006 sɪz... ðə ʧərʧ meɪd ðə ʧeɪnʤ tɪ riˈmuv ðə əˈsəmpʃən, ˌɪnˈsərtɪd ˈɪntu ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən ɪn ðə 1920's*, ðət ɔl əv ðə ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz wər dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv. ðɪs hæd bɪn ðə ˈʤɛnərəli hɛld bɪˈlif frəm ðə taɪm ðət ðə ʧərʧ wɑz rɪˈstɔrd. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt noʊt: ðə ʧərʧ meɪd əˈpɪnjənz ənd ˈθɪriz ˌɑbsəˈlit baɪ riˈlisɪŋ ɪts əˈfɪʃəl ˈɛˌseɪ ɔn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ənd ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈstədiz. ðə ˈʧərʧəz əˈfɪʃəl ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2014 ˈɛˌseɪ kən bi rɛd hir. ə ˈkrɪtɪks rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə ˈʧərʧəz əˈfɪʃəl bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ənd ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈstədiz ˈɛˌseɪ kən bi rɛd hir. aɪ laɪk haʊ kɔlz ə 170 jɪr ˈmɔrmən ˈtiʧɪŋ bɪˈlivd ənd tɔt baɪ ““prophets*, sirz, ənd revelators”*” ən ““assumption.”*.” ɪt wɑz nɑt ən ““assumption.”*.” ɪt wɑz ə ˈtiʧɪŋ ækˈsɛptɪd ənd tɔt baɪ ðiz ““prophets*, sirz, ənd revelators,”*,” ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ hɪmˈsɛlf, fər moʊst əv ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ɪgˈzɪstəns ənˈtɪl ðə ʧərʧ kˈwaɪətli ənd ənəˈfɪʃəli meɪd ðə ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪn 2006 ˈæftər ðə ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns ˈstɑrtɪd ˈpɔrɪŋ ɪn. ðə ˈprɑfət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ dɪsəˈgriz wɪθ ““integration”*” ənd geography”*” ˈθɪriz. ðɪs ɪz wət ˈʤoʊzəf ˈsteɪtɪd ɪn ðə mɑrʧ 1 1842 ˈwɛntˈwərθ ˈlɛtər: ðɪs ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ənd ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ bʊk ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkə ɪz ənˈfoʊldəd, frəm ɪts fərst ˈsɛtəlmənt baɪ ə ˈkɑləni ðət keɪm frəm ðə taʊər əv ˈbæbəl æt ðə kənfˈjuʒən əv ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz tɪ ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə fɪθ ˈsɛnʧəri əv ðə ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˈɪrə. wi ər ˌɪnˈfɔrmd baɪ ðiz ˈrɛkərdz ðət əˈmɛrɪkə ɪn ˈeɪnʧənt taɪmz həz bɪn ˌɪnˈhæbətəd baɪ tu dɪˈstɪŋkt ˈreɪsɪz əv ˈpipəl. ðə fərst wər kɔld ənd keɪm dɪˈrɛkli frəm ðə taʊər əv ˈbæbəl. ðə ˈsɛkənd reɪs keɪm dɪˈrɛkli frəm ðə ˈsɪti əv ʤərˈusələm əˈbaʊt sɪks ˈhənərd jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr kraɪst. ðeɪ wər ˈprɪnsɪpli ˈɪzrəˌlaɪts əv ðə dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv ˈʤoʊzəf. ðə wər dɪˈstrɔɪd əˈbaʊt ðə taɪm ðət ðə ˈɪzrəˌlaɪts keɪm frəm ʤərˈusələm, hu səkˈsidɪd ðɛm ɪn ðə ˌɪnˈhɛrətəns əv ðə ˈkəntri. ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl ˈneɪʃən əv ðə ˈsɛkənd reɪs fɛl ɪn ˈbætəl təˈwɔrdz ðə kloʊz əv ðə fɔrθ century.”*.” (ˈɛmfəsɪs ˈædɪd). ðəs, ðə ˈprɑfət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ kleɪmd ðət əˈmɛrɪkə wɑz ˌənɪnˈhæbətɪd praɪər tɪ ðə ərˈaɪvəl əv ðə əraʊnd, wɪʧ wi naʊ noʊ ɪz ˌɪnkərˈɛkt. ˈʤoʊzəf ˈɔlsoʊ kleɪmz ðət keɪm frəm ðə taʊər əv ˈbæbəl, ən ɪˈvɛnt ðət rɪˈspɛktəbəl ˈbɪblɪkəl ˈskɑlərz, lɪŋgˈwɪstɪks, ənd ˈsaɪəntɪsts ɔl kənˈkər ɛz nɑt biɪŋ ə ˈlɪtərəl ɪˈvɛnt. pərˈhæps fər ðɪs ˈvɛri ˈrizən ðət ðə ʧərʧ oʊˈmɪtɪd ðɪs ˈvɛri ˈpɛrəˌgræf frəm ɪts ˈtiʧɪŋz əv ˈprɛzɪˌdɛnts əv ðə ʧərʧ: ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ ɔn lds.org*. ˈnoʊtɪs ðət ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈwɛntˈwərθ ˈlɛtər ɪz ðɛr wərd fər wərd ɪkˈsɛpt fər ðə əˈbəv ˈpɛrəˌgræf. hɪˈlɛriəs əˈbaʊt ðɪs ɪz ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ geɪv ɪkˈsplɪsət ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz ðət ðət aɪ ʃæl æsk æt hɪz hænz ɪz ðət hi ˈpəblɪʃ ðə əˈkaʊnt ɪnˈtaɪər, ungarnished*, ənd wɪˈθaʊt misrepresentation”*” ɪn ðə ˈhɛdər əv ðə ˈlɛtər ənd hir hɪz oʊn ʧərʧ ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ɪz nɑt ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə oʊn ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz baɪ ˈɛdɪtɪŋ ðə ˈlɛtər ənd oʊˈmɪtɪŋ ənd ˈhaɪdɪŋ ðə əˈbəv ˈpɛrəˌgræf əv ðə ˈlɛtər frəm ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ʧərʧ ɪn ɪts ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ ˈmænjuəl. pərˈhæps ˈivɪn mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ðən wət ˈʤoʊzəf hɪmˈsɛlf bɪˈlivd ɪz haʊ ˈʤoʊzəf kleɪmd tɪ hæv rɪˈsivd ðɪs ˈnɑlɪʤ rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkən ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts. spəˈsɪfɪkli, ˈʤoʊzəf kleɪmd tɪ hæv rɪˈsivd ðɪs ˈnɑlɪʤ frəm mərˈoʊni ənd ˈəðər ˈeɪnʤəlz. ˈʤoʊzəf dɪˈskraɪbd ðə ˈtiʧɪŋz hi rɪˈsivd frəm mərˈoʊni ɪn ðə ˈwɛntˈwərθ ˈlɛtər: "aɪ wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈfɔrmd kənˈsərnɪŋ ðə ˌæbərˈɪʤənəl ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ðɪs ˈkəntri [əˈmɛrɪkə] ənd ʃoʊn hu ðeɪ wər, ənd frəm wɛns ðeɪ keɪm; ə brif skɛʧ əv ðɛr ˈɔrəʤən, ˈprɑˌgrɛs, ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən, lɔz, ˈgəvərnmənts, əv ðɛr ˈraɪʧəsnəs ənd ˌɪˈnɪkwɪti, ənd ðə ˈblɛsɪŋz əv gɑd biɪŋ ˈfaɪnəli wɪθˈdrɔn frəm ðɛm ɛz ə ˈpipəl, wɑz [ˈɔlsoʊ] meɪd noʊn ˈəntu mi; aɪ wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ toʊld wɛr wər dɪˈpɑzətəd səm pleɪts ɔn wɪʧ wər ən əv ðə ˈrɛkərdz əv ðə ˈeɪnʧənt ˈprɑfəts ðət hæd ɪgˈzɪstəd ɔn ðɪs ˈkɑntənənt. ðə ˈeɪnʤəl əˈpɪrd tɪ mi θri taɪmz ðə seɪm naɪt ənd ənˈfoʊldəd ðə seɪm θɪŋz. ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ rɪˈsivd ˈmɛni ˈvɪzɪts frəm ðə ˈeɪnʤəlz əv gɑd, ənˈfoʊldɪŋ ðə ˈmæʤəsti ənd ˈglɔri əv ðə ɪˈvɛnts ðət ʃʊd trænˈspaɪər ɪn ðə læst deɪz, ɔn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ əv ðə əv sɛpˈtɛmbər, a.d*. 1827 ðə ˈeɪnʤəl əv ðə lɔrd dɪˈlɪvərd ðə ˈrɛkərdz ˈɪntu maɪ hænz." (ˈɛmfəsɪs ˈædɪd). ˌɪnˈdid, mərˈoʊni ˈvɪzɪtɪd ˈʤoʊzəf æt list 22 taɪmz ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv laɪf. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ˈɛldər ʤɑn ˈteɪlər tɔt ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ wɑz ˈvɪzɪtɪd baɪ, hu wʊd hæv hæd ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ðə ˈækjərəsi əv ðə ““integration”*” ˈθɪri. ˈməðər, ˈlusi mæk smɪθ, dɪˈskraɪbd ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ðə ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkənz, wɪʧ ˈʤoʊzəf ˈriˌleɪd ˈæftər ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈvɪzɪt: "ˈdʊrɪŋ ɑr ˈivnɪŋ ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz, ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli gɪv ˈjuˈɛs səm əv ðə moʊst əmˈjuzɪŋ rɪˈsaɪtəlz [rɪˈpɔrts] ðət kʊd bi ˌɪˈmæʤənd. hi wʊd dɪˈskraɪb ðə ˈeɪnʧənt ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ðɪs ˈkɑntənənt, ðɛr drɛs, moʊd əv ˈtrævəlɪŋ, ənd ðə ˈænəməlz əˈpɑn wɪʧ ðeɪ roʊd; ðɛr ˈsɪtiz, ðɛr ˈbɪldɪŋz, wɪθ ˈɛvəri ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr; ðɛr moʊd əv ˈwɔrˌfɛr; ənd ˈɔlsoʊ ðɛr rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈwərʃɪp. ðɪs hi wʊd du wɪθ ɛz məʧ iz, ˈsimɪŋli, ɛz ɪf hi hæd spɛnt hɪz hoʊl laɪf wɪθ ðɛm." ɪn ʃɔrt, ˈʤoʊzəf dɪd nɑt ˈmɪrli bɪˈliv ðət ðə ˈpipəl dɪˈskraɪbd ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wər ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts, hi kleɪmd tɪ hæv bɪn ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ɛz məʧ baɪ ˌænˈʤɛlɪk ˈvɪzɪtərz. ðəs, ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ bɪˈliv ɪn ən ““integration”*” ər geography”*” ˈθɪri, wən məst bɪˈliv nɑt ˈoʊnli ðət ˈʤoʊzəf wɑz mɪˈsteɪkən ɪn hɪz bɪˈlifs, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ðət ˌænˈʤɛlɪk ˈmɪnɪstərz (səm əv hum wər ˈeɪnʧənt ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts ðɛmˈsɛlvz) dɪˈlɪbərətli mɪsˈlɛd ˈʤoʊzəf wɪn ˈtiʧɪŋ ɪm əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɔrəʤɪnz əv ˈeɪnʧənt ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts. aɪ ˈsɪriəsli daʊt ðət ˈʧæpəl ˈmɔrmənz ər priˈpɛrd tɪ bɪˈliv ɪn laɪɪŋ ˈeɪnʤəlz. əˈnəðər ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðɪs ˈtiʧɪŋ biɪŋ ækˈsɛptɪd ənd tɔt baɪ ə ˈprɑfət wɑz ˈspɛnsər ˈdəbəlju. rɔɪəl blood”*” tɔk ɪn ðə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1971 ˈɛnsən, wɪʧ ɪz kˈwoʊtɪd bɪˈloʊ. sɪz... ðɪs ʧeɪnʤ meɪks ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən kəmˈpætəbəl wɪθ ˈkɑrənt ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns ənd ækˈnɑlɪʤɪz ðə fækt ðət grup ˈlaɪkli ˌɪntərˈmɪŋgəld wɪθ ðə ˈneɪtɪv ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkɑntənənts beɪst əˈpɑn ˈkɑrənt ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ðə ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən əv ðə ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ðə nu wərld. ðɛr ɪz səbˈstænʃəl ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈɛvədəns əv ˌhæbəˈteɪʃən ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz fər ˈθaʊzənz əv jɪrz praɪər tɪ arrival.”*.” ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət koʊ. ˌɪntərˈmɪŋgəld wɪθ ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ natives”*” ˈoʊnli ˈɛvər keɪm ˈæftər ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈsikwənsɪŋ ɪn ðə ənd pruvd ðət ənd hɪz ˈɔfˌsprɪŋ wər nɑt ðə ˈoʊnli ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈæftər ɔl. ðɛr ɪz ə ˈrizən waɪ ðə bɪˈlif ðət ðə ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz wər dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv bɪn ðə ˈʤɛnərəli hɛld bɪˈlif frəm ðə taɪm ðət ðə ʧərʧ wɑz restored.”*.” ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ bɪˈlivd ɪn ə ˌhɛməsˈfɪrɪk ˈmɑdəl, ənd hi kleɪmd tɪ hæv bɪn tɔt ɛz məʧ baɪ ˌænˈʤɛlɪk biɪŋz, æt list wən əv wɪʧ lɪvd əˈməŋ ðə ˈeɪnʧənt ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃənz hɪmˈsɛlf. hi bɪˈlivd ðət ɔl əv ðə ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiənz wər dɪˈrɛkt dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv. hi sɛnt ˈmɪʃəˌnɛriz tɪ ðə ““lamanites”*” tɪ priʧ ðɪs ˈtiʧɪŋ. soʊ dɪd ðə ““prophets*, sirz, ənd revelators”*” ˈæftər ɪm. ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈspɛnsər ˈdəbəlju. ˈkɪmbəl wɑz ə ˈmeɪʤər bɪˈlivər ənd prəˈpoʊnənt əv ðə ʧərʧ ˈtiʧɪŋ ðət ðə ˈɪndiənz ər ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl dɪˈsɛnɪnts ər ˈænˌsɛstərz əv. ðɪs ɪz wət ˈkɪmbəl sɛd rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ˈɪndiənz: praɪd aɪ tɛl ðoʊz hu kəm tɪ maɪ ˈɔfəs ðət ə ɪz ə dɪˈsɛndənt əv wən hu lɛft ʤərˈusələm sɪks ˈhənərd jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr kraɪst ənd wɪθ hɪz ˈfæməli krɔst ðə ˈmaɪti dip ənd ˈlændɪd ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə. ənd ənd hɪz ˈfæməli bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈænˌsɛstərz əv ɔl əv ðə ˈɪndiən ənd mɛˈstizoʊ traɪbz ɪn nɔrθ ənd saʊθ ənd ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkə ənd ɪn ðə ˈaɪləndz əv ðə si, fər ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðɛr ˈhɪstəri ðɛr wər ðoʊz hu lɛft əˈmɛrɪkə ɪn ʃɪps əv ðɛr ˈmeɪkɪŋ ənd wɛnt tɪ ðə ˈaɪləndz əv ðə si. nɑt ənˈtɪl ðə ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz əv ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ, ˈbrɪŋɪŋ fɔrθ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, dɪd ˈɛniˌwən noʊ əv ðiz ˈmaɪgrənts. ɪt wɑz nɑt noʊn ˌbiˈfɔr, bət naʊ ðə kˈwɛʃən ɪz ˈfʊli ˈænsərd. naʊ ðə ˈnəmbər əˈbaʊt ˈsɪksti ˈmɪljən; ðeɪ ər ɪn ɔl əv ðə steɪts əv əˈmɛrɪkə frəm dɛl ɔl ðə weɪ əp tɪ pɔɪnt ˈbɛroʊz, ənd ðeɪ ər ɪn ˈnɪrli ɔl ðə ˈaɪləndz əv ðə si frəm həˈwaɪˌi saʊθ tɪ nu ˈzilənd ðə dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv ðɪs ˈmaɪti ˈpipəl wər kɔld ˈɪndiənz baɪ kəˈləmbəs ɪn 1492 wɪn hi faʊnd ðɛm hir. ðə tərm ˌɪnˈkludz ɔl ˈɪndiənz ənd ˈɪndiən ˈmɪksʧərz, səʧ ɛz polynesians*, ðə gˌwɑtəˈmɑlənz, ðə pərˈuviənz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə su, ðə əˈpæʧi, ðə ˈmoʊˌhɔk, ðə ˈnɑvəˌhoʊ, ənd ˈəðərz. ɪt ɪz ə lɑrʤ grup əv greɪt people.”*.” ˈspɛnsər ˈdəbəlju. ˈkɪmbəl, rɔɪəl blood,”*,” ˈɛnsən ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1971 (ˈɛmfəsɪs ˈædɪd) ðə ʧərʧ dɪz nɑt əˈfɪʃəli ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðət grup ˈlaɪkli ˌɪntərˈmɪŋgəld wɪθ ðə ˈneɪtɪv inhabitants.”*.” ðə ʧərʧ ʤɪst kˈwaɪətli ˌriˈpleɪst ““principal”*” tɪ the”*” ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈtaɪtəl peɪʤ ɪn 2006 ˈæftər ðə ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈvərdɪkts keɪm ɪn. ðə ʧərʧ həz bɪn əˈspɛʃəli ˈsaɪlənt ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu sɪns ðə ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns ˈsərfɪst. ɪz əˈtɛmptɪŋ tɪ pʊt wərdz ˈɪntu ðə maʊθ. ðɛr ɪz səbˈstænʃəl ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈɛvədəns əv ˌhæbəˈteɪʃən ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz fər ˈθaʊzənz əv jɪrz praɪər tɪ ðə kleɪmd ənd jɛs, ərˈaɪvəlz. ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈɛvədəns, ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ðət ənd hɪz ˈfæməli wɪθ ðə ˈneɪtɪv ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən continents.”*.” ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns əv ˈɛni ˈhibru ər ˈmɪdəl ˈistərn ˈmɑrkərz ɪn ðə ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən əv ðə ˈneɪtɪvz əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz. ɪt ɪz ə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk fækt ðət ˈivɪn ɪf grup hæd ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd, ˌɪnˈstɛd əv biɪŋ ðə soʊl ˈɑkjəpənts əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz, ɛz ˈɛvriˌwən ɪn ðə ʧərʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ɪts ˈprɑfəts, sirz, ənd hæv lɔŋ bɪˈlivd ənˈtɪl ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ keɪm əˈlɔŋ, ðɛr wʊd stɪl bi ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈmɑrkərz ˈrɛfərənsɪŋ ə ˈhibru ər ˈmɪdəl ˈistərn ˈɔrəʤən. ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ɪt kən bi out’*’ θru ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən ɪz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɛz rɪˈdɪkjələs ɛz ðə aɪˈdiə ðət əˈnubɪs ɪz ə ˈjumən ˈhɛdɪd aɪˈdɑlətrəs prist noʊn ɛz "elkenah*". kwoʊts ˈdɑktər. ˈsaɪmən ˈkɑmɛnt meɪd 5 jɪrz əˈgoʊ ɪn 2008 keɪs ˈɛniˌwən frəm ɪz ənˈklɪr aɪ wɪl rɪˈpit wət aɪ roʊt fɔr jɪrz ə smɔl grup əv ˈɪzrəˌlaɪts ˈɛnərd səʧ ə ˈmæsɪv ˈneɪtɪv ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən (ˈsɛvərəl ˈmɪljənz) ɪt wʊd bi ˈvɛri, ˈvɛri hɑrd tɪ dɪˈtɛkt ðɛr genes.”*.” naʊ ðət həz ˈfaɪnəli kənˈsidɪd ðət əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiən ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ɪz ɛˈsɛnʃəli ɔl dəraɪvd frəm ˈeɪʒə, aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ əˈgri wɪθ ðɛm ðət ðə dəˈbeɪt ʃʊd bi əˈbaʊt ðə theology.”*.” ˈdɑktər. ˈsaɪmən ˈdɑktər., ə ˈfɔrmər ˈmɔrmən ˈbɪʃəp ənd ðə ˈɔθər əv ə lɔst traɪb: ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkənz, ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ, ənd ðə ˈmɔrmən church,”*,” həz ˈgreɪʃəsli prəˈvaɪdɪd mi ə ˈpərsɪnəl rɪˈbətəl tɪ ðə əˈbəv ˈhɪtænˌrən kwoʊt ðət ɪz kˈwoʊtɪŋ ɪm ɔn. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ɪz ˈdɑktər. iˈmeɪl rɪˈspɑns tɪ: meɪd ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈsteɪtmənt æt ə taɪm wɪn hoʊl ˈʤiˌnoʊm ˈsikwəns æˈnælɪsɪs wɑz ə lɔŋ weɪ ɔf. ɪts tru ðət ɪf ə smɔl grup (seɪ 10 ˈpipəl) ˈɛnərd ə ˈmæsɪv ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən (seɪ 1 ˈmɪljən), ðət ɪt wʊd bi hɑrd tɪ dɪˈtɛkt ðɛr ər waɪ ˈkroʊməˌzoʊm ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ. jʊr ɑdz wʊd bi ˈrəfli 1 ɪn 10 ɪn 1 ˈmɪljən). bət tɛkˈnɑləʤi həz muvd ˈvɛri ˈræpədli ənd hoʊl ˈʤiˌnoʊm ˈstədiz ər naʊ ˈɔlˌmoʊst ruˈtin. soʊ, maɪ ərˈɪʤənəl ˈsteɪtmənt ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər tru. aɪ dɪˈskəs ðiz ˈrisənt dɪˈvɛləpmənts ɪn ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ blɔg poʊst: kʊd ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənz əv ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ʤɪst ˌdɪsəˈpɪr? maɪ ˈsteɪtmənt wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ prəˈvoʊk ðə ˌdɪsəˈpɪrɪŋ əˈpɑləʤɪsts tɪ dɪˈfɛnd ðɛr ˌθiəˈlɑʤɪkəl pəˈzɪʃən. ðeɪ raɪt ə lɔt əv ˈnɑnsɛns əˈbaʊt ðə saɪəns bət ðeɪ hæv bɪn rɪˈləktənt tɪ pʊt daʊn ˈɪntu pleɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ ðə əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ðət ər rikˈwaɪərd. ðeɪ doʊnt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ noʊ ðət ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri tɪ ˈfɪdəl tu məʧ wɪθ scripture.”*.” ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənz əv ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ʤɪst disappear?”*?” ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪz ə məst rɛd. səm əv ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈpɛrəˌgræfs frəm ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈɪləˌstreɪt səm əv ðə ˈsɛvərəl ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪŋ ˈrisənt dɪˈvɛləpmənts ɔn ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ənd ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən: ˈrisərʧ ɔn niˈændərˌθɔlz ənd ˈklɪrli ˈɪləˌstreɪts ðət ɪf ˈænˌsɛstərz əv ˈəðər ˈɛθnɪk ˈbækˌgraʊndz ər ˈhaɪdɪŋ ənˈnoʊtɪst ɪn ɑr ˈfæməli triz, ˈtreɪsɪz əv ðɛr ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ kən bi faʊnd ɪn ɑr. ˈivɪn ˈæftər tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv jɪrz. ɪt ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ˈrizənəbəl tɪ kleɪm ðət ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈkænɑt bi faʊnd. ðə ˈrisənt ədˈvænsɪz ɪn hoʊl ˈʤiˌnoʊm ˈsikwənsɪŋ ənd æˈnælɪsɪs hæv ʧeɪnʤd ðə ˈrisərʧ ˈlænˌskeɪp. ʤəˈnɛtɪk tɛsts ər naʊ soʊ ˈsɛnsɪtɪv, ðət ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ dɪˈtɛkt ə ˈtaɪni ˈfrækʃən əv ə pərˈsɛnt əv mɪkst ˈænsɛstri ɪn ə dna.”*.” səˈspɛnd ˌdɪsbɪˈlif fər ə ˈmoʊmənt ənd kənˈsɪdər ðət ðə əˈpɑləʤɪsts ər ɔn tɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ, ənd ɔl ðə ˈprɑfəts hæv bɪn mɪsˈgaɪdɪd. ənd hɪz smɔl bænd ˈkɑləˌnaɪz ə riˈstrɪktɪd ˈriʤən əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz. ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈrɛkərdz ðət dɪˈsɛnɪnts ˈməltəˌplaɪd ɪkˈsidɪŋli ənd sprɛd əˈpɑn ðə feɪs əv ðə lænd. ðɛr ˈmɪdəl ˈistərn ˈnukliər ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ wʊd hæv sprɛd, ˈoʊvər ðə læst jɪrz, θruaʊt əˈʤeɪsənt ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃənz laɪk ə drɔp əv ɪŋk ɪn ə ˈbəkɪt əv ˈwɔtər. æt ðə ˈvɛri list ðɛr ʤinz wʊd hæv sprɛd ˈoʊvər ˈmɛni ˈhənərdz əv ˌkɪˈlɔˌmətərz. ɪt wʊd bi ɪkˈsidɪŋli ənˈlaɪkli ðət ðɛr ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ wʊd goʊ ɪkˈstɪŋkt ənd ˈsaɪəntɪsts ɪkˈsplɔrɪŋ ðə əv ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkənz wʊd ˈstəmbəl ɔn ɪt ɪf ɪt wɑz ðɛr. bət əˈpɛrəntli ðə ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðɛr ʤinz, ər ˈnoʊˌwɛr tɪ bi faʊnd bɪɔnd ðə ˈpeɪʤɪz əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən." ˈdɑktər. kleɪm ðət tɛkˈnɑləʤi həz naʊ ədˈvænst ɪn ðə ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ fild ɪz kənˈfərmd ɪn ə ˈvɛri ˈrisənt əˈstaʊndɪŋ ənd ˈgraʊnˌbreɪkɪŋ ˈstədi lɛd baɪ ə tim əv juz. ənd kəˈneɪdiən ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪsts hu hæv treɪst ə dɪˈrɛkt ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ lɪŋk bɪtˈwin ðə jɪr oʊld rɪˈmeɪnz əv ən ˌæbərˈɪʤənəl ˈwʊmən faʊnd ɔn ə ˈbrɪtɪʃ kəˈləmbiə ˈaɪlənd ɛz wɛl ɛz ə jɪr oʊld ˈfiˌmeɪl ˈɔlsoʊ faʊnd ˈnɪrˈbaɪ tɪ ə ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈwʊmən frəm ðə mɛtləˈkætlə fərst ˈneɪʃən. ˈdɑktər. əv ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌɪləˈnɔɪz ˈsteɪtɪd ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ɪn ə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2013 ˈrisərʧ ˈsəməri: ɪz ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə ˈgoʊldən ˈɪrə fər ˈeɪnʧənt ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈrisərʧ bɪˈkəz wi kən du soʊ məʧ naʊ ðət wi du ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ bɪˈkəz əv ədˈvænsɪz ɪn ˈsikwənsɪŋ tɛkˈnɑləʤiz. ʤɪst ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ gɪt ən aɪˈdiə əv ðə dɪˈvərsɪti ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz, ɪn ðə ˈlɪvɪŋ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈeɪnʧənt individuals.”*.” (ˈɛmfəsɪs ˈædɪd) ðəs, ˈiðər ɪz dɪˈlɪbərətli mɪsˈlidɪŋ ɪts ˈridərz ɔn ðə ˌriˈæləˌtiz əv ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz ənd kənˈkluʒənz ər ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ənd ɪts ˈdæmɪŋ ˈɛvədəns əˈgɛnst ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz aʊt əv sɪŋk wɪθ ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ saɪəns, tɛkˈnɑləʤiz, ənd ˈskɑlərˌʃɪp. ɪn ˈɛni ɪˈvɛnt, ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns həz dɪˈfɪnɪtɪvli ɪˈstæblɪʃt ðət ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiənz du nɑt ərˈɪʤəˌneɪt frəm ðə ˈmɪdəl ist ər frəm ˈɪzrəˌlaɪts bət ˈrəðər frəm ˈeɪʒə. əˈtɛmpts tɪ ˈrɛkənˌsaɪl ðɪs fækt wɪθ ðə ˈnɛrətɪvz əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən baɪ, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈɑrgjuɪŋ fər ““integration”*” ər geography”*” ˈθɪriz ər ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz ˌəndərˈmaɪnd baɪ ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns, ənd baɪ ˈʤoʊzəf oʊn kleɪmz (wɪʧ ɪn tərn ər beɪst əˈpɑn ðə ˈtiʧɪŋz əv ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkən ˌrɛzərˈɛktɪd ˌænˈʤɛlɪk biɪŋz hu ˈvɪzɪtɪd ɪm). əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz ˈlɛtər sɪz... ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt kleɪmz ðət "ˈhɔrsɪz, ˈkætəl, ˈɑksən, ʃip, swaɪn, goʊts, ˈɛləfənts, wilz, ˈʧɛriəts, wit, sɪlk, stil, ənd aɪərn dɪd nɑt ɪgˈzɪst ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə ˈdʊrɪŋ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən taɪmz." əˈgriz əˈgriz ðət ðɛr ər bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, əˈtɛmpts tɪ ˈɑbfəˌskeɪt ənd mæsk ðə əˌnækrəˈnɪstɪk bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈprɑbləmz θru wərd geɪmz ənd ʧɑrts ənsəˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ˈɛni ˈsɔrsəz, ˈɛvədəns, ər pɪr rivˈjud ˈdætə. sɪz... ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈaɪtəmz kənˈsɪdərd tɪ bi əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən həz bɪn ˈstɛdəli biɪŋ rɪˈdust ˈoʊvər taɪm. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ɪn 1842 ðə aɪˈdiə ðət stil sɔrdz ɪgˈzɪstəd ɪn ˈeɪnʧənt ʤərˈusələm æt ðə taɪm əv wɑz ˈlæfəbəl. naʊ, səʧ ə sɔrd ɪz ɔn dɪˈspleɪ æt ˈɪzriəl mˈjuziəm. ʤɑn klɑrk həz priˈpɛrd ʧɑrts wɪʧ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt ðə trɛnd, ˈoʊvər taɪm, tɪ ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən əˈkaʊnt. noʊt: dɪˈlitəd ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ rɪˈspɑns ɔn noʊˈvɛmbər 28 2013 ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ noʊt ðət ɛz ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪkˈspændz, wət wɑz wəns ən əˈnækrəˌnɪzəm tərnz aʊt tɪ bi ə ləˈʤɪtəmət ˈfiʧər əv ðə ˈeɪnʧənt wərld. ʤɑn klɑrk həz priˈpɛrd ʧɑrts wɪʧ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt ðə trɛnd, ˈoʊvər taɪm, tɪ ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən əˈkaʊnt. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ 2005 ʧɑrt, wɪʧ ɪz ənsəˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ˈsɔrsəz, bɪˈloʊ ɪz ə kərˈɛktɪd 2014 ʧɑrt, səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ˈkrɛdəbəl ˈsɔrsəz: tɪ ˈækˌsɛs lɪv ˈhaɪpərlɪŋk ˈsɔrsəz fər ðə əˈbəv ʧɑrt, klɪk hir. əˈsaɪd frəm ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz (wɪʧ aɪ dɪˈskəs ɪn ˈditeɪl bɪˈloʊ), ðə ˌriˈæləˌti ɪz ðət ɛz ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪkˈspændz ɪt ɪn fækt prəˈvaɪdz mɔr ˈsɑləd ˈɛvədəns əˈgɛnst ðə ˈʧərʧəz truθ kleɪmz ˈrəðər ðən fər ðɛm. əˈməŋ ðə mɔr sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ɪgˈzæmpəlz ər ðə ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈɛvədəns dɪˈskraɪbd əˈbəv, ˌiʤəpˈtɑləʤi ənd ənd ðə bʊk əv ˈeɪbrəˌhæm, ənd ðə ˈrisəntli dɪˈskəvərd ˌsɪməˈlɛrətiz bɪtˈwin ðə leɪt wɔr ənd ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ˈəðər ɪgˈzæmpəlz ˌɪnˈklud: ðə ˈɛvədəns əˈgɛnst ðə ɪgˈzɪstəns əv ˈɛni ˈgloʊbəl fləd, noʊəz ɑrk, ər ðə taʊər əv ˈbæbəl; ðə ˈɛvədəns əv laɪf, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ hominids*, ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ (ənd daɪɪŋ) ˌbiˈfɔr ðə əˈlɛʤd ɪgˈzɪstəns əv ˈædəm ənd iv; ənd ðə ˈɛvədəns ðət ðə ərθ həz ɪgˈzɪstəd fər ˈbɪljənz əv jɪrz (ˈrəðər ðən ðə ˈsteɪtɪd ɪn 77 ðiz ɪˈvɛnts ənd kleɪmz ər ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, ˈəðər ˈskrɪpʧərz, ənd hæv bɪn ɪˈspaʊzd baɪ ˈkɑrənt ənd pæst "ˈprɑfəts, sirz, ənd" hu hæv ˈlɪtərəli bɪˈlivd ɪn ðə əˈbəv ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪkəli dɪˈspruvɪn ɪˈvɛnts. rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz, aɪ faɪnd rɪˈspɑns, wət wɑz wəns ən əˈnækrəˌnɪzəm tərnz aʊt tɪ bi ə ləˈʤɪtəmət ˈfiʧər əv ðə ˈeɪnʧənt wərld tɪ bi dɪsɪnˈʤɛnjuəs. ˈnoʊtɪs ðət dɪz nɑt seɪ aʊt tɪ bi ə ləˈʤɪtəmət ˈfiʧər əv americas’*’ ər americas’*’ ər ˈdʊrɪŋ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən times'.”*'.” ˈeɪnʧənt wərld əˈlaʊz tɪ ɪkˈspænd tɪ ˈɛniˌwɛr ɪn ðə wərld ɪn ˈɛni veɪg taɪm ˈpɪriəd (““ancient”*” ɪz nɑt ˈklɪrli dɪˈfaɪnd) waɪl ˈlivɪŋ ðɛr seɪnt ˈridərz tɪ ˌɪnˈtərprət world”*” tɪ ˈɔlsoʊ min əˈmɛrɪkəz. ˈfərðər, meɪks ðiz əˈstaʊndɪŋ kleɪmz wɪˈθaʊt prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈɛni ˈsɔrsəz ɪn ðɛr rɪˈspɑns. kleɪmz ənd ˈfaɪndɪŋz wʊd ʃɑk ənd səˈpraɪz ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts, ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪsts, ˈlɪŋgwɪsts, ənd ˈsaɪəntɪsts. zoʊˈɑləʤi, ˈmɛtələrʤi, ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi, ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤi, lɪŋgˈwɪstɪks, ənd baɪˈɑləʤi ər ɔl ˈbrænʧɪz əv saɪəns doʊˈmeɪnz wɪʧ ɪkˈspænd wɛl bɪɔnd ˈbiˈwaɪˈju. wɛr ər ˈsɔrsəz? ˈsɔrsəz frəm rɪˈspɛktɪd ˈpipəl ənd ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz nɑt ˈteɪntɪd ər ˈklaʊdɪd baɪ rɪˈlɪʤəs ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən baɪəs? ˈsɔrsəz frəm ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz huz kərɪrz, ˈvæljuz, ənd ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz ər nɑt ˈmɛʒərd ənd ˈvæljud baɪ ðɛr əˈbɪləˌti tɪ faɪnd ˈɛni ˈɛvədəns strɛʧt ər nɑt tɪ kənˈfərm ðɛr oʊn truθ kleɪmz? ˈæftər ɔl, ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ gɪt ə mæn tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ˈsəmθɪŋ wɪn hɪz ˈsæləri dɪˈpɛndz ɔn hɪz nɑt ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ it.”*.” ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, ˈnɛvər ˈəndərˈɛstəˌmeɪt wət ðə maɪnd kən ˈræʃənəˌlaɪz wɪn ə kərɪr ɪz æt steɪk. ˈlʊkɪŋ æt 2005 ʧɑrts, ˈsɪriəs ˈprɑbləmz bɪˈkəm əˈpɛrənt, səʧ ɛz: stil sɔrdz hæv bɪn dɪˈskəvərd ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə? wɛr ɪz sɔrs? səʧ ən ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˌdɪˈskəvri wʊd bi əv sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns ənd ˈɪntəˌrɛst tɪ ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts, ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪsts, metallurgists*, ənd ˈəðər ˈsaɪəntɪsts. ɪt straɪks mi ɛz streɪnʤ ðət ˈleɪtəst ʧɑrt ɪz ˈdeɪtɪd 2005 eɪt jɪrz əˈgoʊ. ə lɔt kən ˈhæpən ɪn 8 jɪrz nu dɪˈskəvəriz ənd nu ˈɛvədənsəz. pərˈhæps wən ˈrizən waɪ kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ðə 2005 ʧɑrt ɪz du tɪ ən ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə seɪm jɪr ɛnˈtaɪtəld "aʊt əv dəst: ˈeɪnʧənt stil sɔrd əˈnərθt," ɪn wɪʧ ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl meɪd ðə fɔls ənd ˌɪnkərˈɛkt kleɪm ðət ən ˈeɪnʧənt stil sɔrd həz bɪn dɪˈskəvərd. ðə ˈmæksˌwɛl ˈɪnstɪˌtut hæd tɪ riˈlis ə nu ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪn 2006 ɛnˈtaɪtəld "aʊt əv ðə dəst: ɔl ðət ˈglɪtərz ɪz not...steel*" ədˈmɪtɪŋ ðət noʊ stil wɑz faʊnd ənd ðəs riˈtræktɪŋ ɪts kleɪm. ərˈɪʤənəl 1842 ʧɑrt ˌɪnˈkludz səm ˈaɪtəmz ðət rikˈwaɪərd noʊ ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ənd ˌrætəfəˈkeɪʃən, səʧ ɛz beasts,”*,” cities,”*,” ənd ““fortifications,”*,” bɪˈkəz ðoʊz ˈaɪtəmz wər ˈwaɪdli noʊn tɪ hæv ɪgˈzɪstəd ɪn ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkə wɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wɑz prəˈdust. ˈsɪmələrli, ənd wɛst seas”*” wər ˈnɛvər ɪn kˈwɛʃən ɛz ðə ʧərʧ həz tɔt ðə ˌhɛməsˈfɪrɪk ˈmɑdəl. ðɪs ɪz ʤɪst ˈpædɪŋ tɪ æd tɪ ðə ʧɑrts ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ bust əp pərˈsɛnɪʤɪz. ˈlaɪkli ˌɪnˈkludɪd ðiz ˈaɪtəmz tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðə ˈnəmbər əv ““green”*” ˈbɑksɪz. ðɪs ˈstrætəʤi ɪz ˈvɛri ˈtɛlɪŋ. ðə ʧɑrts ˌɪnˈklud ˈmɛni ˈaɪtəmz wɪʧ nu tɪ hæv bɪn ˈrisəntli ““discovered”*” ər æt list kʊd bi kənˈsɪdərd (baɪ) tɪ bi ““undetermined”*” ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ rɪˈdus ðə ˈnəmbər əv "rɛd" ˈbɑksɪz. səm əv ðiz ““discoveries”*” rɪˈleɪt ˈoʊnli tɪ ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃənz ɪn ˈdɪfərənt taɪmz ənd ˈpleɪsɪz tɪ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ənd ər nɑt ˈɛvədəns fər ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ənd ɪts kleɪmz. ˈɛvədəns fər ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ənd ɪts kleɪmz. ˈnoʊtəbli, wit ɪz stɪl nɑt ““red”*” dɪˈspaɪt bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən kleɪmz ðət ɪt wɑz ə ˈsteɪpəl juzd tɪ fid ˈmɪljənz əv ˈpipəl. ɛz ɪkˈspleɪnd baɪ ˈdɑktər. ˈmaɪkəl koʊ ɔn ðɪs ˈmɔrmən ˈstɔriz ˈpɔdˌkæst ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd, hæd wit ɪgˈzɪstəd ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈdʊrɪŋ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən taɪmz, wit ˈpɑlən sɔɪl kɔr ˈsæmpəlz wʊd ˈsərtənli bi faʊnd baɪ ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts. ˈɔfərz noʊ ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən ɛz tɪ waɪ noʊ sɔɪl kɔr ˈsæmpəl həz ˈɛvər rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ˈɛni ˈɛvədəns əv wit. əv ˈpipəl. ɛz ɪkˈspleɪnd baɪ ˈdɑktər. ˈmaɪkəl koʊ ɔn ðɪs ˈmɔrmən ˈstɔriz ˈpɔdˌkæst ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd, hæd wit ɪgˈzɪstəd ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈdʊrɪŋ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən taɪmz, wit ˈpɑlən sɔɪl kɔr ˈsæmpəlz wʊd ˈsərtənli bi faʊnd baɪ ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts. ˈɔfərz noʊ ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən ɛz tɪ waɪ noʊ sɔɪl kɔr ˈsæmpəl həz ˈɛvər rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ˈɛni ˈɛvədəns əv wit. wɪθ rɪˈspɛkt tɪ ˈbɑrli, ə fju əbˈskjʊr greɪnz əv ə waɪld ˈbɑrli ɪn ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə dɪz nɑt ɪkˈweɪt tɪ ðə dəˈmɛstəˌkeɪtəd vərˈaɪəti səˈpoʊzədli ˈteɪkən frəm ðə ˈhoʊli lænd tɪ ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz ənd juzd tɪ fid ˈmɪljənz əv ˈpipəl ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈsɛtɪŋ. səʧ ə ˈpɑlən prəˈdusɪŋ krɑp wʊd hæv bɪn ˈɛvɪdənst lɔŋ əˈgoʊ hæd ɪt bɪn ə ril ˈæˌspɛkt əv ˈərli ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkən laɪf ˈɛniˌwɛr ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, ðɪs stɑp ˈmɔrmən əˈpɑləʤɪsts frəm ˈkələrɪŋ ɪn ðə bɑks grin. ɪkˈweɪt tɪ ðə dəˈmɛstəˌkeɪtəd vərˈaɪəti səˈpoʊzədli ˈteɪkən frəm ðə ˈhoʊli lænd tɪ ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz ənd juzd tɪ fid əv ˈpipəl ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈsɛtɪŋ. səʧ ə ˈpɑlən prəˈdusɪŋ krɑp wʊd hæv bɪn ˈɛvɪdənst lɔŋ əˈgoʊ hæd ɪt bɪn ə ril ˈæˌspɛkt əv ˈərli ˈneɪtɪv əˈmɛrɪkən laɪf ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, ðɪs stɑp ˈmɔrmən əˈpɑləʤɪsts frəm ˈkələrɪŋ ɪn ðə bɑks grin. ðə ˈænəməlz ɪn ʧɑrts ðət wər ʧeɪnʤd frəm ““red”*” tɪ ““yellow”*” (ðə hɔrs, goʊt, waɪld goʊt, ənd ʃip) dɪd nɑt ɪgˈzɪst ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈɪrə. dɪz nɑt prəˈvaɪd ˈɛni spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈɛvədəns ər pɪr- rivˈjud ˈdætə ˌwətsoʊˈɛvər tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ˈtərnɪŋ ðə rɛd ˈbɑksɪz ˈɪntu ˈjɛloʊ fər ˈænəməlz wɪʧ rɪˈspɛktəbəl ˈsaɪəntɪsts ənd ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz əˈgri dɪd nɑt ɪgˈzɪst ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈdʊrɪŋ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən taɪmz. nən əv ðə ˈmɛtələrʤi aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɪn ʧɑrts, səʧ ɛz stil, aɪərn, bræs, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə., ɪgˈzɪstəd ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz. dɪz nɑt prəˈvaɪd ˈɛni spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈɛvədəns ər pɪr rivˈjud ˈsɔrsəz ˌwətsoʊˈɛvər tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ˈtərnɪŋ ðə rɛd ˈbɑksɪz fər sword”*” ənd plates”*” ˈɪntu grin. ðə ʧɑrts ʃoʊ ə ˈkəpəl əv sacrifice”*” ənd hæv bɪn dɪˈskəvərd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd bɪtˈwin 1842 ənd 2005 səʧ dɪˈskəvəriz ər ˌɪnˈdid ˈɛvədəns ðət ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi həz kəm ə lɔŋ weɪ. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðiz ˈaɪtəmz du nɑt səˈpɔrt ˈɑrgjəmənt, bɪˈkəz ðə ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈɛvədəns səˈʤɛsts ðət ðiz ˈaɪtəmz ɪgˈzɪstəd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə taɪm ˈpɪriəd əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ə ˈmeɪʤər oʊˈmɪʃən frəm ʧɑrts ɪz ðə wil. ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən dɪˈskraɪbd ˈʧɛriəts, wɪʧ ˈɑbviəsli rikˈwaɪərd ðə juz əv ə wil. ðɛr wər noʊ wilz juzd fər ˈtrævəl ər ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə. ənˈklɪr waɪ ʧeɪnʤd ðə ““horse”*” ˈaɪtəm frəm rɛd tɪ ˈjɛloʊ, bət, tɪ ðə ɪkˈstɛnt kənˈsɪdərz ə tɪ ˈsætɪsˌfaɪ ðɪs rɪkˈwaɪrmənt, ˈsɑri bət ðət ʤɪst wərk. du nɑt pʊl ˈʧɛriəts. əˈspɛʃəli ˈʧɛriəts wɪˈθaʊt wilz. ju meɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðət bɑks bæk tɪ rɛd. ˈɛləfənts? nɑt ɔn ðə lɪst? ˈɛləfənts ər ən əˈnækrəˌnɪzəm. ˈʧɛriəts? nɑt ɔn ðə lɪst? əˈnækrəˌnɪzəm. sɪlk? nɑt ɔn ðə lɪst? əˈnækrəˌnɪzəm. ə ʤoʊk fər tɪ nɑt ˌɪnˈklud ɔl əv ðə əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz ɪn ðə lɪst. bət ðɛn əˈgɛn, wɪn ðə soʊl ˈpərpəs əv jʊr ʧɑrts ɪz tɪ du ɔl ju kən tɪ bust ənd prɑp əp grin ˈbɑksɪz ənd pərˈsɛnɪʤɪz? bi ˈtɛmptɪd tɪ liv stəf aʊt tu. dɪz nɑt prəˈvaɪd ˈɛni ˈɛvədəns tɪ bæk əp ɪts kleɪm ðət əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz ɪkˈspaɪr ɛz ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪkˈspændz ðiz ʧɑrts ər mɪsˈlidɪŋ. noʊ pɪr rivˈjud ˈsɔrsəz ər ˈɛvədənsəz ər ˈrɛfərənsɪz ər ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃənz ɔn haʊ iʧ əv ðə əˈnækrəˌnɪzəmz wɛnt frəm rɛd tɪ grin ər frəm rɛd tɪ ˈjɛloʊ. ʤɪst ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ trəst ðə ˈdætə əv ə ˈmɔrmən ənd ˈpɑrtˈtaɪm əˈpɑləʤɪst hu gɪvz tɔks æt ənd raɪts rəvˈjuz fər ðə nil ə. ˈmæksˌwɛl ˈɪnstɪˌtut? ðə bɛst ˈɛvədəns ðət kən gɪv ˈjuˈɛs ɪz ˈdætə frəm ə ˈmɔrmən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪst əˈpɑləʤɪst? bət ˈnəθɪŋ frəm ˈsɔrsəz ər ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz. noʊ pɪr ˌrivˈju baɪ prəˈfɛsərz ənd rɪˈspɛktɪd ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ənd ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz? maɪt ɛz wɛl gɪv ˈjuˈɛs ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ʧɑrt tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən sɪns θɪŋks prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈɛvədənsəz, ˈsɔrsəz, ənd əˌpɑləˈʤɛtɪk ˈdætə ɪz ˌoʊvərˈreɪtɪd: əˈbəv ˈkrɛdɪt: ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi ˈlɛtər sɪz... "ðɛr ɪz ˌæbsəˈlutli noʊ ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈɛvədəns tɪ dɪˈrɛkli səˈpɔrt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ər ðə hu ˈnəmbərd ɪn ðə ˈmɪljənz." ˈnutrəl sɪz... ɪt ɪz ə ˈkɑmən kleɪm baɪ ˈkrɪtɪks ðət ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl evidence”*” tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ jɛs, ˈkrɪtɪks laɪk ðə smɪθˈsoʊniən ˈɪnstɪˌtut ənd ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk soʊˈsaɪɪti. tu əv səm əv ðə moʊst rɪˈnaʊnd, ˈrɛpjətəbəl, ənd rɪˈspɛktɪd ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈrisərʧ ənd ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz. wət ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk soʊˈsaɪɪti həz tɪ seɪ əˈbaʊt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ kleɪmz ðət ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl səˈpɔrt fər ðə bʊk: ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk ˈsteɪtmənt ɔn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ki ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk pɔɪnts frəm ðə ˈlɛtər: ənd ˈəðər ˈskɑlərz hæv lɔŋ proʊbd ðə pæst, ənd ðə soʊˈsaɪɪti dɪz nɑt noʊ əv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ faʊnd soʊ fɑr ðət həz səbˈstænʧiˌeɪtɪd ðə bʊk əv mormon.”*.” hæv ɪnˈkloʊzd ə ˈsteɪtmənt ˈɪʃud baɪ ðə smɪθˈsoʊniən ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃən ɪn nɑt ˈoʊnli dɪz ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk meɪk ɪt klɪr ðət ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈɛvədəns tɪ səbˈstænʧiˌeɪt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ gɪvz ɪts ɛnˈdɔrsmənt əv ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ smɪθˈsoʊniən ˈɪnstɪˌtut ˈlɛtər: smɪθˈsoʊniən ˈɪnstɪˌtut ˈsteɪtmənt ɔn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈnæʃənəl mˈjuziəm əv ˈnæʧərəl ˈhɪstəri smɪθˈsoʊniən ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃən, ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, d.c*. 20560 ˈsteɪtmənt rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ðə smɪθˈsoʊniən ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃən həz ˈnɛvər juzd ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪn ˈɛni weɪ ɛz ə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk gaɪd. smɪθˈsoʊniən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts si noʊ dɪˈrɛkt kəˈnɛkʃən bɪtˈwin ðə ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi əv ðə nu wərld ənd ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt ˈmætər əv ðə bʊk. ðə ˈfɪzɪkəl taɪp əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiən ɪz ˈbeɪsɪkli ˈmɑŋgəˌlɔɪd, biɪŋ moʊst ˈkloʊsli rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðət əv ðə ˈpipəlz əv ˈistərn, ˈsɛntrəl, ənd ˌnɔrˈθistərn ˈeɪʒə. ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈɛvədəns ˈɪndɪˌkeɪts ðət ðə ˈænˌsɛstərz əv ðə ˈprɛzənt ˈɪndiənz keɪm ˈɪntu ðə nu wərld ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈoʊvər ə lænd brɪʤ noʊn tɪ hæv ɪgˈzɪstəd ɪn ðə ˈbɛrɪŋ streɪt ˈriʤən ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə læst aɪs eɪʤ ɪn ə kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ ˈsɪriz əv smɔl maɪˈgreɪʃənz bɪˈgɪnɪŋ frəm əˈbaʊt tɪ jɪrz əˈgoʊ. ˈprɛzənt ˈɛvədəns ˈɪndɪˌkeɪts ðət ðə fərst ˈpipəl tɪ riʧ ðɪs ˈkɑntənənt frəm ðə ist wər ðə ˈnɔrsmɪn hu ˈbrifli ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə ˌnɔrˈθistərn pɑrt əv nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə əraʊnd a.d*. 1000 ənd ðɛn ˈsɛtəld ɪn ˈgrinˌlænd. ðɛr ɪz ˈnəθɪŋ tɪ ʃoʊ ðət ðeɪ riʧt ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ ər ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkə. wən əv ðə meɪn laɪnz əv ˈɛvədəns səˈpɔrtɪŋ ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðət ˈkɑnˌtækts wɪθ oʊld wərld ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃənz, ɪf ˌɪnˈdid ðeɪ əˈkərd æt ɔl, wər əv ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns fər ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiən ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃənz, ɪz ðə fækt ðət nən əv ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl oʊld wərld dəˈmɛstəˌkeɪtəd fud plænts ər ˈænəməlz (ɪkˈsɛpt ðə dɔg) əˈkərd ɪn ðə nu wərld ɪn taɪmz. əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiənz hæd noʊ wit, ˈbɑrli, oʊts, ˈmɪlət, raɪs, ˈkætəl, pɪgz, ˈʧɪkənz, ˈhɔrsɪz, ˈdɑŋkiz, ˈkæməlz ˌbiˈfɔr 1492 (ˈkæməlz ənd ˈhɔrsɪz wər ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə ˈbaɪsən, ˈmæməθ, ənd ˈmæstəˌdɔn, bət ɔl ðiz ˈænəməlz bɪˈkeɪm ɪkˈstɪŋkt əraʊnd b.c*. æt ðə taɪm ðə ˈərli bɪg geɪm (sɪk) ˈhəntərz sprɛd əˈkrɔs ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz.) aɪərn, stil, glæs, ənd sɪlk wər nɑt juzd ɪn ðə nu wərld ˌbiˈfɔr 1492 (ɪkˈsɛpt fər ɔˈkeɪʒənəl juz əv ˌmitiˈɔrɪk aɪərn). ˈneɪtɪv ˈkɑpər wɑz wərkt juzd (sɪk) ɪn ˈvɛriəs loʊˈkeɪʃənz ɪn taɪmz, bət tru ˈmɛtələrʤi wɑz ˈlɪmɪtɪd tɪ ˈsəðərn ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ ənd ðə ˈændiən ˈriʤən, wɛr ɪts əˈkərəns ɪn leɪt ˌprihɪˈstɔrɪk taɪmz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd goʊld, ˈsɪlvər, ˈkɑpər, ənd ðɛr ˈæˌlɔɪz, bət nɑt aɪərn. ðɛr ɪz ə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ðət ðə sprɛd əv ˈkəlʧərəl treɪts əˈkrɔs ðə pəˈsɪfɪk tɪ ənd ðə ˌnɔrθˈwɛstərn koʊst əv saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə bɪˈgæn ˈsɛvərəl ˈhənərd jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˈɪrə. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈɛni səʧ ˈkɑnˌtækts əˈpɪr tɪ hæv bɪn ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ˌæksəˈdɛnəl ˈvɔɪɪʤɪz ərˈɪʤəˌneɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈistərn ənd ˈsəðərn ˈeɪʒə. ɪt ɪz baɪ minz ˈsərtən ðət ˈivɪn səʧ ˈkɑnˌtækts əˈkərd; ˈsərtənli ðɛr wər noʊ ˈkɑnˌtækts wɪθ ðə ˈeɪnʧənt ɪˈʤɪpʃənz, ˈhibruz, ər ˈəðər ˈpipəlz əv ˈwɛstərn ˈeɪʒə ənd ðə nɪr ist. noʊ ˈrɛpjətəbəl ər ˈəðər ˈspɛʃəlɪst ɔn oʊld wərld ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi, ənd noʊ ˈɛkspərt ɔn nu wərld prehistory*, həz dɪˈskəvərd ər kənˈfərmd ˈɛni riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp bɪtˈwin ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ ənd ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ˈiʤɪpt. rɪˈpɔrts əv ˈfaɪndɪŋz əv ˈeɪnʧənt ɪˈʤɪpʃən, ˈhibru, ənd ˈəðər oʊld wərld ˈraɪtɪŋz ɪn ðə nu wərld ɪn ˈkɑnˌtɛksts hæv ˈfrikwɛntli əˈpɪrd ɪn ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz, ˈmægəˌzinz, ənd sɛnˈseɪʃənəl bʊks. nən əv ðiz kleɪmz həz stʊd əp tɪ ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃən baɪ ˈrɛpjətəbəl ˈskɑlərz. noʊ ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃənz ˈjuzɪŋ oʊld wərld fɔrmz əv ˈraɪtɪŋ hæv bɪn ʃoʊn tɪ hæv əˈkərd ɪn ˈɛni pɑrt əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz ˌbiˈfɔr 1492 ɪkˈsɛpt fər ə fju nɔrs run stoʊnz wɪʧ hæv bɪn faʊnd ɪn ˈgrinˌlænd. skænd ˈkɑpi əv ðə smɪθˈsoʊniən ˈɪnstɪˌtut ˈlɛtər kən bi faʊnd hir. ɪn ˈɔgəst 2013 ə baɪ ðə neɪm əv ˈzækəri ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ iˈmeɪl ˈsɪksti ˈkɑlɪʤ prəˈfɛsərz huz ˌɛkspərˈtiz wɑz ɪn wən əv ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ fildz: ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi, ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤi, ənd ˌiʤəpˈtɑləʤi. ˈzækəri sɔt ðɛr prəˈfɛʃənəl əˈpɪnjən ɔn ðə əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ənd ðə bʊk əv ˈeɪbrəˌhæm. aʊt əv ðə ˈsɪksti ˈkɑlɪʤ prəˈfɛsərz ðət ˈzækəri iˈmeɪld, 25 rɪˈspɑndɪd. aʊt əv ðə 25 hu rɪˈspɑndɪd, 14 geɪv pərˈmɪʃən tɪ ˈzækəri tɪ ˈpəblɪʃ ðɛr neɪmz ənd ˈkɑmɛnts. ðə rɪˈspɑnsɪz ðət ˈzækəri rɪˈsivd frəm ðiz ˈɛkspərts ər ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪŋ. ðə ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ kənˈsɛnsəs frəm ðiz ˌənˈbaɪəst ˈɛkspərts ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə ənd ˌiʤəpˈtɑləʤi ɪz ðət ˈniðər ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən nɔr ðə bʊk əv ˈeɪbrəˌhæm ɪz hɪˈstɔrɪkəl, ˈfækʧuəl, ər tɪ ðə ˈkɑrənt ənd ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈdætə ənd ˈɛvədəns. ðə rɪˈspɑnsɪz frəm ðiz prəˈfɛsərz ənd ˈɛkspərts kən bi rɛd hir. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈsteɪtmənts meɪd baɪ ðoʊz prəˈfɛsərz, hir ər səm mɔr ˈsteɪtmənts meɪd baɪ boʊθ ənd ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst ənd ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪst ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ənd ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz: fɑr ɛz ɪz noʊn tɪ ðə ˈraɪtər, noʊ ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst æt ðə ˈprɛzənt taɪm ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɛz ə gaɪd ɪn ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈrisərʧ. nɔr dɪz hi noʊ əv ˈɛni ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst hu hoʊldz ðət ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndiənz ər dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv ðə ʤuz, ər ðət ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti wɑz noʊn ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə ɪn ðə fərst ˈsɛnʧəri əv ɑr era...”*...” ˈəlstər ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl soʊˈsaɪɪti ˈnuzˌlɛtər, noʊ. 64 ʤæn. 30 1960 pi. 3 "wɪθ ðə ɪkˈsɛpʃən əv seɪnt ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts, ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl prəˈfɛʃən du nɑt, ənd ˈnɛvər hæv, ɪˈspaʊzd ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪn ˈɛni sɛns əv wɪʧ aɪ æm əˈwɛr. ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts du nɑt əˈlaʊ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈɛni pleɪs ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪn ðɛr ˌrikənˈstrəkʃən əv ðə ˈərli ˈhɪstəri əv ðə nu world.”*.” ˈəlstər ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl soʊˈsaɪɪti ˈnuzˌlɛtər, noʊ. 64 ʤæn. 30 1960 mi noʊ steɪt ˌkætəˈgɔrɪkli ðət ɛz fɑr ɛz aɪ noʊ ðɛr ɪz nɑt wən prəˈfɛʃənəli treɪnd ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst, hu ɪz nɑt ə ˈmɔrmən, hu siz ˈɛni ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˌʤəstəfəˈkeɪʃən fər bɪˈlivɪŋ ðə fɔrˈgoʊɪŋ tɪ bi tru, ˈnəθɪŋ, ˌæbsəˈlutli ˈnəθɪŋ, həz ˈɛvər ʃoʊn əp ɪn ˈɛni nu wərld ˌɛkskəˈveɪʃən wɪʧ wʊd səˈʤɛst tɪ ə dɪˈspæʃənət əbˈzərvər ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən... ɪz ə hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈdɑkjəmɛnt rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈərli ˈmaɪgrənts tɪ ɑr hemisphere.”*.” ˈmaɪkəl koʊ, ˈdaɪəˌlɔg: ə ˈʤərnəl əv ˈmɔrmən θɔt, ˈsəmər 1973 pp*. 42 46 "ðə fərst mɪθ wi nid tɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ɪz ðət bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi exists…*…. ɪf wən ɪz tɪ ˈstədi bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi, ðɛn wən məst hæv ə ˈkɔrpəs əv ˈdætə wɪθ wɪʧ tɪ dil. wi du nɑt. ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ˈrɪli ðɛr soʊ wən kən hæv bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈstədiz, ənd ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi ɪz ˈrɪli ðɛr soʊ wən kən ˈstədi ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi, bət ðə tu ər nɑt wɛd. æt list ðeɪ ər nɑt wɛd ɪn ˌriˈæləˌti sɪns noʊ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən loʊˈkeɪʃən ɪz noʊn wɪθ ˈrɛfərəns tɪ ˈmɑdərn təˈpɑgrəfi. ˈbɪblɪkəl ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi kən bi ˈstədid bɪˈkəz wi du noʊ wɛr ʤərˈusələm ənd ˈʤɛrɪˌkoʊ wər ənd ər, bət wi du nɑt noʊ wɛr ənd ˈbaʊnɪfəl (nɔr ˈɛni ˈəðər loʊˈkeɪʃən fər ðət ˈmætər) wər ər ər. ɪt wʊd sim ðɛn ðət ə ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən ɔn ʤiˈɑgrəfi ʃʊd bi ðə fərst ˈɔrdər əv ˈbɪznɪs, bət wi hæv ɔˈrɛdi sin ðət tˈwɛnti jɪrz əv səʧ ən əˈproʊʧ həz lɛft ˈjuˈɛs ˈɛmptiˈhændɪd." di ɛf. grin, ˈmɔrmən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst, ˈdaɪəˌlɔg: ə ˈʤərnəl əv ˈmɔrmən θɔt, ˈsəmər 1969 pp*. əˈfreɪd ðət əp tɪ ðɪs pɔɪnt, aɪ məst əˈgri wɪθ di grin, hu həz toʊld ˈjuˈɛs ðət tɪ deɪt ðɛr ɪz noʊ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ʤiˈɑgrəfi.... ju sɛt bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ʤiˈɑgrəfi daʊn ˈɛniˌwɛr bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ˈfɪkʃənəl ənd wɪl ˈnɛvər mit ðə rɪkˈwaɪrmənts əv ðə dirt-archaeology.”*.” ˈtɑməs ɛs. ˈfərgəsən, ˈmɔrmən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst, tɪ ˈmɪstər. ənd ˈmɪsɪz. h.w*. lawrence,”*,” ˈdeɪtɪd ˈfɛbjəˌwɛri. 20 1976 səm ˈpipəl ʧoʊz tɪ meɪk kleɪmz fər ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən θru ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈɛvədənsəz, tɪ mi ðeɪ ər meɪd ˌpriməˈʧʊrli, ənd wɪˈθaʊt səˈfɪʃənt ˈnɑlɪʤ. aɪ du nɑt səˈpɔrt ðə bʊks ˈrɪtən ɔn ðɪs ˈsəbʤɪkt ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə məˈsaɪə ɪn ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkə, ər ˈɛni ˈəðər. aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ðə ˈɔθərz ər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈkeɪsɪz aʊt əv tu ˈlɪtəl ˈɛvədənsəz ənd du nɑt ˈædəkwɪtli ˈæˌdrɛs ðə ˈprɑbləmz ðət ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi ənd ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈprɛzənt. aɪ wʊd fil ˈtɛrəbli ɪmˈbɛrəst ɪf ˈɛniˌwən sɛnt ə ˈkɑpi əv ˈɛni bʊk ˈrɪtən ɔn ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl mˈjuziəm əv ˈnæʧərəl ˈhɪstəri smɪθˈsoʊniən ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃən, ər ˈəðər əˈθɔrəti, ˈmeɪkɪŋ kleɪmz ðət ˈkænɑt ɛz jɛt bi səbˈstænʧiˌeɪtɪd.... ðɛr ər ˈvɛri səˈvɪr ˈprɑbləmz ɪn ðɪs fild ɪn traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ðə ˈskrɪpʧərz. ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən, səʧ ɛz ˈpræktɪst soʊ fɑr baɪ ˈmɔrmən ˈɔθərz həz nɑt ˈgɪvɪn ʧərʧ ˈmɛmbərz credibility.”*.” reɪ ti. ˈmæθɪni, ˈmɔrmən ˈskɑlər ənd ˈbiˈwaɪˈju prəˈfɛsər əv ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤi, ˈlɛtər ˈdeɪtɪd dɛk. 17 1987 maɪ ˈrisənt ˈrɛdɪŋ əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, aɪ faɪnd ðət aɪərn ənd stil ər ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn səˈfɪʃənt ˈkɑntɛkst tɪ səˈʤɛst ðət ðɛr wɑz ə ˈfɛrəs ˈɪndəstri hir.... ju rɪˈfaɪn ɔr wɪˈθaʊt ˈlivɪŋ ə blum əv səm kaɪnd ər ˌɪmˈpjʊrətiz ðət ˈblɑsəm aʊt ənd floʊt tɪ ðə tɔp əv ðə ɔr... ənd ˈɔlsoʊ ðə fləks əv ˈlaɪmˌstoʊn ər ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪz juzd tɪ fləks ðə məˈtɪriəl.... [ðɪs] blumz ɔf ˈɪntu ənd ˌɪndəˈstrəktɪbəl nu rɑk fɔrmz. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, wɪn ju hæv ə ˌmɛtəˈlərʤɪkəl ˈɪndəstri, ju hæv ðiz ˈɛvədənsəz əv ðə ˈdɛtrətəs ðət ɪz lɛft ˈoʊvər. ju ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ðə fjuəlz, ju hæv ðə ˈfərˌnəsɪz, ju hæv ˌwəˈtɛvər tɛkˈnɑləʤiz ðət wər ðɛr pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ðiz tæsks; ðeɪ liv ˈsɑləd ˈɛvədənsəz. ənd ðeɪ ər ˌɪndəˈstrəktɪbəl θɪŋz.... noʊ ˈɛvədəns həz bɪn faʊnd ɪn ðə nu wərld fər ə ˈfɛrəs ˌmɛtəˈlərʤɪkəl ˈɪndəstri ˈdeɪtɪŋ tɪ taɪmz. ənd soʊ ðɪs ɪz ə kaɪnd əv ˈprɑbləm, ɪt simz tɪ mi, fər ðə ˈsoʊˈkɔld bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi. ðɪs ˈɛvədəns ɪz absent.”*.” reɪ ti. ˈmæθɪni, spiʧ æt sɪmˈpoʊziəm 6 "bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi," ˈɔgəst 25 1984 ʧeɪnʤd maɪ vjuz əˈbaʊt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən sɪns maɪ 1973 ˈɑrtɪkəl. aɪ hæv sin noʊ ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈɛvədəns ˌbiˈfɔr ər sɪns ðət deɪt wɪʧ wʊd kənˈvɪns mi ðət ɪt ɪz ˈɛniˌθɪŋ bət ə ˈfænsɪfəl kriˈeɪʃən baɪ ən ənˈjuˌʒuəli ˈgɪftɪd ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈəpˈsteɪt nu jɔrk ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈnaɪnˈtinθ century.”*.” ˈdɑktər. ˈmaɪkəl koʊ, ˌkɔrəˈspɑndəns bɪtˈwin bɪl məˈkivər ənd ˈmaɪkəl koʊ ˈdɑktər. ˈmaɪkəl koʊ, ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst ənd ˈɛkspərt ɔn ðə maɪə ənd ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi, geɪv ən ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ˈɪntərvˌju ˈrisəntli rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ˈprɑbləmz ənd ˈʧælənʤɪz ðət ˈlɪmɪtɪd ʤiˈɑgrəfi ˈmɑdəl əˈpɑləʤɪsts səʧ ɛz feɪs ɪn laɪt əv ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈɛvədəns ɪn ˈsɛntrəl ənd saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə, wɛr ðə ˈlɪmɪtɪd ʤiˈɑgrəfi ˈmɑdəl ˈsɛtɪŋ ɪz kleɪmd tɪ bi. tɪ əˈbʤɛktɪv ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts ənd ˈsaɪəntɪsts ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ˈmɔrmənɪzəm, ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən həz ɛz məʧ hɪˈstɔrɪk vəˈlɪdɪti ənd juˈtɪləti ɛz ðə ˈhɔbɪt. wɛr ər ɔl ðə boʊnz, sɔrdz, ˈɑrmər, ʃildz, ˈhɛlməts, ənd spɪrz frəm ðiz ˈɛpɪk ˈbætəlz kleɪmd ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən? ˈɛpɪk ˈbætəlz ðət tʊk pleɪs æt ðə hɪl (ˈrɑmə tɪ)? ðə ˈneɪʃən səˈpoʊzədli ˈɛndɪd ðɛr wɪθ mɛn sleɪn. ðə ənd ˈɔlsoʊ hæd ə ˈbætəl ðɛr ɪn 421 æd wɛr ˈwɔrjərz wɪθ ˈwɛpənz əv stil wər kɪld. waɪ həz nɑt ə ˈsɪŋgəl sɔrd, ˈhɛlmət, ʃild, spɪr, ˈɑrmər ənd jɛs, boʊn, bɪn faʊnd frəm wən əv ðiz greɪt ˈeɪnʧənt ˈbætəl saɪts? ˈkɑntræst ðɪs rɪˈmɑrkəbəl læk əv ˈɛvədəns fər ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wɪθ ðə 1974 ˌdɪˈskəvri əv ðə ˈwɔrjərz ənd ˈhɔrsɪz nɪr zjɑn, ˈʧaɪnə. ðɪs əˈmeɪzɪŋ ˈɑrmi əv səm ˈfɪgjərz wɑz ˈbɛrid ɪn 210, səm 600 jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə pərˈpɔrtɪd ˈfaɪnəl ˈbætəl ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ˈʃʊrli, ɪf ðɛr wɑz ˈbætəl æt ɪn 421 æd wɪʧ ˌɪnˈvɑlvd mɛn, ðɛr wʊd bi ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ bi faʊnd, bət ðɛr. ðə jɪr 421 æd, ɪn ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ənd ˌænθrəpəˈlɑʤəkəl tərmz, ɪz ˈsɪmpli nɑt ðət lɔŋ əˈgoʊ. sɪz... wɪn ðeɪ seɪ ““directly”*” səˈpɔrt, ðeɪ ˈtɪpɪkəli min ðət ðeɪ ər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə dɪˈrɛkt kərˌɔbərˈeɪʃən, səʧ ɛz ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ðə neɪm ““nephi”*” ər ““zarahemla”*” ɪn əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən wɪθ ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkən ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈdætə. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ɪz ˈpʊtɪŋ wərdz ɪn ðə maʊðz əv ˈkrɪtɪks. wɪn ˈkrɪtɪks steɪt ðət ðɛr ɪz ˌæbsəˈlutli noʊ ˈɛvədəns tɪ dɪˈrɛkli səˈpɔrt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ər ðə hu ˈnəmbərd ɪn ðə ˈmɪljənz, seɪɪŋ: ɪz noʊ loʊˈkeɪʃən ðət ˈmæʧɪz ˈməltəpəl ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən steɪts ʃʊd bi faʊnd ɪn ðə taɪm ˈpɪriəd ˈspɛsəˌfaɪd. ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv ðiz wʊd bi goʊld, stil, sɔrdz, ˈhɔrsɪz, wit, ˈɛləfənts, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. ˈsaɪəntɪsts ər nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ʤɪst ˈlʊkɪŋ fər neɪmz əv ˈpipəl ər ˈpleɪsɪz ðət ər ˈsɪmələr tɪ wənz ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ʤɪst ˈɛvədəns əv ə ˈkəlʧər ðət ˈmæʧɪz bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən claims.”*.” ɪf ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ənd ðə ʤiˈɑgrəfi, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ɪz ril, ðɛn ɪt ɪz nɑt ənˈriznəbəl fər ˈmɔrmən ˈskɑlərz tɪ pʊt təˈgɛðər beɪst ɔn ðə ˈdætə əv ə pəˈtɛnʃəl loʊˈkeɪʃən əv wən ˈsɪŋgəl bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən lænd. ɪt ɪz nɑt ənˈriznəbəl tɪ ðɛn ˈpəblɪʃ fər ðɪs ˈdætə ɪn ə ˈʤərnəl ðət ɪz nɑt byu-controlled*. ɪt ɪz nɑt ənˈriznəbəl tɪ hæv ˈəðər ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts, ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪsts, ənd ˈəðər ˈɛkspərts tɪ pɪr ˌrivˈju ðə ˈdætə. ðɪs ɪz ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈprɔˌsɛs wɪʧ wɑz juzd tɪ faɪnd ðə lɔst ˈsɪti əv trɔɪ. ðɪs ɪz ðə seɪm ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈprɔˌsɛs ðət kən lɛd tɪ ðə ˌdɪˈskəvri əv. ənˈfɔrʧənətli fər ðə ʧərʧ ənd ɪts əˈpɑləʤɪsts, ˈdɛkeɪdz əv ˈvɪgərəs ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ənd ˌænθrəpəˈlɑʤəkəl ˈrisərʧ həz ˈjildɪd ˈnəθɪŋ. ðɪs ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə seɪm ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈprɔˌsɛs ðət wɑz juzd tɪ faɪnd ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈaʊtˌpoʊst ɪn ˈkænədə. kwaɪt ˈfræŋkli, ɪt ɪz bɪɔnd rɪˈdɪkjələs ðət wi kən faɪnd ə ˈtaɪni ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈaʊtˌpoʊst ɪn ˈkænədə wɪʧ kənˈsɪstɪd əv ˈpipəl hu ˈlændɪd ə ˈθaʊzənd jɪrz əˈgoʊ ɪn ə ˈvɛri rɪˈmoʊt pɑrt əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkəz bət wi ˈkænɑt faɪnd ə treɪs əv ə ˈmæsɪv ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən wɪʧ ˈnəmbərd ɪn ðə ˈmɪljənz. ˌɪnˈseɪn ðət ə ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən ˈrəfli ðə saɪz əv ðə ˈroʊmən ˈɛmpaɪər, ˈspænɪŋ ə taɪm freɪm əv jɪrz, ʤɪst kəmˈplitli ˈvænɪʃt ˈɪntu θɪn ɛr wɪˈθaʊt ə treɪs. ðə ˈroʊmənz lɛft roʊdz, ˈækwəˌdəkts, kɔɪnz, ˈbɪldɪŋz, ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt hɪˈstɔrɪkəl əˈkaʊnts, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. ɔl ˈoʊvər ˈjʊrəp ənd ðə ˌmɛdətərˈeɪniən. wɛr ɪz ðə ˈɛvədəns fər ðə ənd ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃənz? sɪz... ðɛr ɪz ˈplɛnti əv səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈɛvədəns ðət taɪz ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən tɪ ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkə. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðɪs ɪz ə fɔls kleɪm. ðɛr ɪz nɑt ˈplɛnti əv səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈɛvədəns ðət taɪz ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən tɪ ˈeɪnʧənt əˈmɛrɪkə. ˈnoʊtɪs ðət dɪz nɑt ˈɔfər ˈɛni ˈsɔrsəz tɪ ðɪs ˈplɛnti əv səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈɛvədəns. ɪf ðɛr wɑz ˈrɪli ˈplɛnti əv səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈɛvədəns ðɛr bi ˈlɛtərz frəm ˈrɛpjətəbəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz səʧ ɛz ðə smɪθˈsoʊniən ˈɪnstɪˌtut ənd ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk soʊˈsaɪɪti dɪsˈmɪsɪŋ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɛz ən ˈrɛkərd. ðɪs goʊz bæk tɪ ðə ʧɑrts ðət juzd ɪn ðə əˈnækrəˌnɪzəm ˈsɛkʃən: ˈziroʊ ˈɛvədəns, ˈziroʊ ˈsɔrsəz, ənd ˈziroʊ ˈdætə. kˈwɛsʧənz. ˈfeɪθfəl answers.”*.” ˌɪnˈdid. ə dɪˈteɪld lɪst əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi ˈprɑbləmz kən bi faʊnd hir ənd hir. bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ʤiˈɑgrəfi ˈlɛtər sɪz... ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt kleɪmz "ˈmɛni bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən neɪmz ənd ˈpleɪsɪz ər ˈstraɪkɪŋli ˈsɪmələr tɪ ˈmɛni ˈloʊkəl neɪmz ənd ˈpleɪsɪz əv ðə ˈriʤən ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ lɪvd." dɪsəˈgriz sɪz... ˌɪnkərˈɛkt: aʊt əv 345 bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən neɪmz, ðə lɪst əv 28 pərˈzɛnəd baɪ ðə ˈɔθər ɪz ˈsɪriəsli rɪˈdust wɪn wən ɪˈlɪməˌneɪts ðə ˈbɪblɪkəl neɪmz ənd ðoʊz wɪʧ dɪd nɑt ɪgˈzɪst ɔn ˈɛni mæp æt ðə taɪm ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ aɪ ˈæˌdrɛs əˈtæk ɔn ðə 28 ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl neɪmz bɪˈloʊ. ˌbiˈfɔr aɪ gɪt tɪ ðoʊz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, laɪk tɪ dɪˈskəs əˈdɪʃənəl ˈɛvədəns əv ˌsɪməˈlɛrətiz bɪtˈwin ðə 345 bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən neɪmz ənd ə kənˌtɛmpərˈeɪniəs bʊk əˈveɪləbəl ɪn taɪm ənd ˈbæˌkjɑrd. əˈsaɪd frəm nɑt ˈʃɛrɪŋ ðət ˈmɛni, ɪf nɑt moʊst, əv ðə 345 bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən neɪmz ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈbɪblɪkəl neɪmz, ˈmɛni əv ðə neɪmz juˈnik tɪ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən are…well*, nɑt soʊ juˈnik. ðɛr wɑz ə bʊk ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn 1791 baɪ ʤɑn ˈwɔkər ɛnˈtaɪtəld, ə ki tɪ ðə ˈklæsɪkəl prəˌnənsiˈeɪʃən əv grik, ˈlætən, ənd ˈskrɪpʧər ˈprɑpər neɪmz. ɪn ðɪs bʊk ər ə ˈnəmbər əv fˈjuʧər bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən neɪmz, wɪʧ əˈpɪrd wɪˈθɪn ˈælfəbəˌtaɪzd lɪsts. ðɪs bʊk wɑz ə ˈkɑmən ˈhaʊsˌhoʊld ˈrɛfərəns ɪn jəŋ ˈʤoʊzəf taɪm ənd pleɪs. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈlɛri ˈpɔrtər, dictionary”*” wɑz səˈʤɛstɪd fər ðə kərˈɪkjələm ɪn ðə colesville*, nu jɔrk skulz baɪ ðə ˈloʊkəl kəˈmɪʃənərz ɪn ðə fɔl əv 1826 ðɪs lɪŋk dɪz ə saɪd baɪ saɪd kəmˈpɛrəsən bɪtˈwin bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən neɪmz ənd ˈwɔkərz ki ˈdɪkʃəˌnɛri. sɪz... mˈjuʧuəli ɪkˈsklusɪv kleɪmz: ðə ˈɔθər, ɪn ðə nɛkst ˈsɛkʃən, prəˈzumz ðət ðə neɪm ““moroni”*” wɑz dəraɪvd frəm ðə ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪti əv ðə kɔˈmɔˌroʊs ˈaɪləndz, ər frəm stories”*” əˈbaʊt ˈkæptən kɪd. ɪn ðɪs ˈsɛkʃən, hi əˈsərts ðət ðə neɪm ““moroni”*” ɪz dəraɪvd frəm ðə taʊn, nu york,”*,” wɪʧ wɑz ˈfaʊndɪd ɪn 1818 ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ aɪ əˈgri wɪθ. ɪt wɑz ən ˈoʊvərˌsaɪt ɔn maɪ pɑrt tɪ ˌɪnˈklud moroni”*” kleɪm, wɪʧ aɪ du nɑt əˈgri wɪθ. aɪ riˈmuvd moroni”*” kleɪm. aɪ stænd baɪ maɪ əˈsərʃən ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ dəraɪvd ““camorah”*” ənd ““moroni”*” frəm ˈkæptən kɪd ˈstɔriz, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ædˈvɛnʧərz ɔn wət ɪz naʊ noʊn ɛz ðə kɔˈmɔˌroʊs ˈaɪləndz, ɛz aɪ dɪˈteɪld ɪn ðə ˈlɛtər ənd wɪʧ aɪ ɪkˈspænd ˈfərðər bɪˈloʊ ɪn ðə hɪl ˈsɛkʃən. əv kɔrs, ˈnɛvər ɪnˈgeɪʤɪz ɪn claim-making*. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈkɑnflɪkt wɪθ ˈʤoʊzəf ˈtrænsˌleɪtɪŋ ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən baɪ ˈpʊtɪŋ hɪz feɪs tɪ ə ˈdɑrkənd hæt ənd ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə wərdz, ɛz ðeɪ əˈpɪr ɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ ɔn ðə sir stoʊn, ənd ˈspɛlɪŋ aʊt neɪmz hi kʊd nɑt ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðət ðə ˈbaɪbəl ˈɛrərz ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ˈizəli ɪkˈspleɪnd baɪ ˈʤoʊzəf ˈsɪmpli ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈbaɪbəl tɪ hɛlp wɪθ ðə trænzˈleɪʃən. sɪz... ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən kənˈteɪnz 345 neɪmz. ðə ˈθɪri ðət ðə ˈɔθər ɪz riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn, prəˈpoʊzd baɪ ˈvərnəl ˈhɑli ənd ˈpoʊstɪd baɪ mazeministries*, ɪz ðət 28 əv ðiz neɪmz wər dəraɪvd baɪ ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ baɪ ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə neɪmz əv ˈpleɪsɪz ɪn ðə sərˈaʊndɪŋ ˈriʤən, ðɛn ˈɔltərɪŋ ðə neɪmz sˈlaɪtli tɪ kriˈeɪt ə mæp əv bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən lændz. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl mæp əv wɪʧ ðə ˈɔθər əbˈteɪnd ðɪs ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˌɪnˈkludɪd neɪmz əv ˈpleɪsɪz wɪʧ ˈivɪn ɪgˈzɪst ɪn ˈʤoʊzəf taɪm. ðə mæp juzd ɪn tɪ ə director”*” ɪz ə dərˈɪvɪtɪv əv ðə ˈhɑli mæp wɪʧ noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ˌɪnˈkludz ðoʊz neɪmz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə lɪst əv neɪmz juzd baɪ ðə ˈɔθər stɪl ˌɪnˈkludz kwaɪt ə fju əv ðiz. ðə ˈɔθər lɪsts ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ correspondences*. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ əbˈteɪn ðɪs lɪst əv ˈpɛrəˌlɛlz, ə juʤ ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl ˈɛriə məst bi skænd. faɪv steɪts ənd tu kəˈneɪdiən ˈprɑvənsəz jild ðɪs lɪst əv ˈpɛrəˌlɛlz, ənd ɪt gɪts ˈivɪn sˈmɔlər wɪn wən ˈæˌkʧuəli traɪz tɪ ˈloʊˌkeɪt ˈmɛni əv ðiz ˈpleɪsɪz ɔn ə mæp. ɪn ðə lɪst bɪˈloʊ. neɪmz ɪn rɛd ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ˈpleɪsɪz wɪʧ ˈiðər dɪd nɑt hæv ðət neɪm ənˈtɪl ˈæftər 1830 ər ˈkænɑt bi faʊnd ɔn ə mæp ər ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. neɪmz ɪn blu ˈɪndəˌkeɪt neɪmz ðət ər faʊnd ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl. neɪmz ɪn grin ˈɪndəˌkeɪt neɪmz ðət kʊd pəˈtɛnʃəli bi ə ˈvælɪd mæʧ. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˌbiˈfɔr wi goʊ ˈoʊvər iʧ wən əv ðə, aɪ wɔnt tɪ ˈɪləˌstreɪt ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈkɑnsɛpt: ɪn ðə 1980s*, aɪ lɪvd ɪn ˈdaɪmənd bɑr, ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə. ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri, ɪt wɑz noʊn ɛz bɑr ranch,”*,” ənd ɪt wɑz æt ðə taɪm wən əv ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˈwərkɪŋ ˈkætəl ˈrænʧəz ɪn ðə ˈwɛstərn juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ɪn ðə 1950s*, ɪt wɑz əkˈwaɪərd baɪ ˌtrænsəˈmɛrɪkə ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən fər ðə ˈpərpəs əv dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ wən əv ðə fərst kəmˈjunɪtiz. ɪt wɑz ˈæftər ˌækwəˈzɪʃən ðət ɪt geɪv ðə bar”*” neɪm tɪ ɪts nu kəmˈjunɪti. soʊ wət dɪz ðɪs min fər ðɪs dɪˈskəʃən? fæst ˈfɔrwərd ˈɪntu ðə ˈdɪstənt fˈjuʧər, 150 jɪrz frəm naʊ. ðə ˈoʊnli ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðət ju hæv əˈbaʊt ˈdaɪmənd bɑr ɪz ðət ɪt wɑz ə ˈsɪti ɪn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ənd ðət ɪt wɑz ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ɛz ə ˈsɪti ɔn ˈeɪprəl 18 1989 jʊr fərst ˈnæʧərəl əˈsəmpʃən wʊd bi ðət praɪər tɪ 1989 ˈdaɪmənd bɑr ɪgˈzɪst, æt list nɑt ˈəndər ðə neɪm bar.”*.” ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɪs əˈsəmpʃən wʊd bi fɔls, ɛz ðə neɪm goʊz bæk tɪ ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri, ɛz aɪ ɪkˈspleɪnd əˈbəv. wən əv ˈstrætəʤiz ənd ˈɑrgjəmənts fər ˈmɛni əv ðə neɪmz wɑz tɪ pʊl ɪn ðə deɪts frəm ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə ənd ˈəðər ˈsɔrsəz əv wɪn ðə taʊnz wər ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd soʊ ɛz tɪ seɪ, ““see*?! ðɪs taʊn ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ənˈtɪl, wɪʧ ɪz jɪrz ˈæftər ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv mormon!”*!” ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ðɪs ˈstrætəʤi ənd əˈproʊʧ ɪz ðət ðə deɪt əv ˌɪnˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən dɪz nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz min ðət ðə taʊn ənd ɪts neɪm dɪd nɑt ɪgˈzɪst fər ˈdɛkeɪdz ˌbiˈfɔr ɪts ˌɪnˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən, ɛz wɑz ðə keɪs əv ˈdaɪmənd bɑr. hir ər mɔr ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv deɪt ˈsɛtəld ˈvərsəz. ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ɛz ə town/city*, ðɪs wən ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn taʊnz ɪn ðə ˈkɑmənˌwɛlθ əv ˌmæsəˈʧusəts. ˈnoʊtɪs ðə gæp bɪtˈwin ˈsɛtəlmənt ənd ˌɪnˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən deɪts əv səm əv ðə taʊnz ər 100 jɪrz. əˈnəðər ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt noʊt aɪ wɔnt tɪ meɪk hir ɪz ðət ˈvərnəl ˈhɑli ɪz dɛd. wi ˈkɑnˌtækt ɪm tɪ faɪnd aʊt ɪgˈzæktli wɛr hi gɑt hɪz ˈsɔrsəz. ðət ðiz wər dɪˈskəvərd ˈoʊnli θru mæps meɪ nɑt bi ɛz tɪ haʊ ˈhɑli faʊnd səm əv ðə taʊnz. hi meɪ hæv juzd ˈlɛtərz, ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz, poʊst ˈɔfəs ˈrɛkərdz, oʊˈbɪʧuˌɛriz, ˈloʊkəl ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˈrɛkərdz, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. ɪn wɪʧ ˈrɛkərdz ənd bʊks ər nɑt ækˈsɛsəbəl ˈɔnˌlaɪn. wi du nɑt noʊ. ðɪs ɪz ˈɛvədənt ɪn ðə "ʤərˈusələm" kleɪm. kleɪmz ðət ʤərˈusələm, oʊˈhaɪoʊ dɪz nɑt ʃoʊ əp ɔn ə 1822 mæp. ɪf wən ˈsərʧɪz ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt fər wɪn ʤərˈusələm wɑz fərst ˈsɛtəld, ðeɪ woʊnt faɪnd ˈɛni ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. soʊ, ðə ˈlɑʤɪkəl kənˈkluʒən wʊd bi tɪ əˈsum ðət ʤərˈusələm ˈwəzənt ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɪs wʊd bi ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ɛz ðɛr ɪz ˈɛvədəns ðət ðə fərst haʊs ɪn ʤərˈusələm, oʊˈhaɪoʊ wɑz bɪlt ɪn 1825 aɪ wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈloʊˌkeɪt ə ˈrɛzɪdənt hu ˌvɑlənˈtɪrd tɪ goʊ tɪ ðə mənˈroʊ ˈkaʊnti ˈpəblɪk ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ɪn woodsfield*, oʊˈhaɪoʊ ənd sərʧ fər ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ʃi faʊnd ɪt ən ˈɔˌflaɪn bʊk ɛnˈtaɪtəld mənˈroʊ ˈkaʊnti, oʊˈhaɪoʊ: ə ˈhɪstəri. ˈsɪmpli duɪŋ ə ˈgugəl sərʧ meɪ nɑt ʃoʊ ðə hoʊl ˈpɪkʧər. ðɛr ər stɪl ˈnumərəs ˈloʊkəl bʊks ənd ˈrɛkərdz ðət ər ˈhɪdən ˈɔˌflaɪn əˈweɪtɪŋ digitization*. bɪˈloʊ aɪ lɪst iʧ taʊn, prəˈvaɪd ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm, ənd ðɛn ˈɔfər ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm. ˈɑlmə ˈɑlmə, ˈvæli əv: ˈɑlmə ɪn ðə ˈɛriə ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ɔn ðə ˈhɑli mæp, ˈmɑdərn mæps ʃoʊ ðət ðɛr ɪz ə smɔl, ˌənɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd kəmˈjunɪti kɔld ˈsɛntərvɪl, ˈɔlsoʊ noʊn ɛz ˈɑlmə, ɪn ˈtaɪlər ˈkaʊnti, wɛst vərˈʤɪnjə, juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪts: 80°50′24″w*. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɪn wi vju ðə 1822 mæp əv vərˈʤɪnjə, wi ˈkænɑt faɪnd ðə neɪm ““alma”*” ˈɛniˌwɛr. rɪˈspɑns: aɪ əˈgri wɪθ ðət ðə ˈhɑli mæp ˌɪnkərˈɛktli dɪˈpɪkts ˈɑlmə ɛz biɪŋ ɪn wɛst vərˈʤɪnjə. əˈpɑn ˈfərðər ˈrisərʧ, aɪ dɪˈskəvərd ˈɑlmə, nu jɔrk, wɪʧ wɑz fərst ˈsɛtəld ɛz ˈmɛnʃənd əˈbəv, neɪmz əv taʊnz ənd ˈsɪtiz wər ˈɔfən noʊn tɪ ˈloʊkəlz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈɛriə wɑz fərst ər kəmˈplitli ˈsɛtəld ənd ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd. ˈmɛni taɪmz ɛz ˈərli ɛz ˈsɛvərəl ˈdɛkeɪdz. aɪ kərˈɛktɪd ðə mæp aɪ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə ˈlɛtər tɪ rɪˈflɛkt ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən əv ˈɑlmə, nu jɔrk. ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ tɪ noʊt ðət ðə foʊks æt ˈnɛvər ˈbɑðərd tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ˈɑlmə, nu jɔrk, wɪʧ aɪ prɪˈzum ðeɪ keɪm əˈkrɔs ɪn ðɛr ˈrisərʧ (aɪ faʊnd ɪt kˈwɪkli ənd ˈizəli ɪn ə ˈgugəl sərʧ), bət feɪlz tɪ brɪŋ ðɪs fækt tɪ ðə əˈtɛnʃən əv ðɛr ˈridərz. ˈæntrɪm : ˈæntrɪm . township”*” ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ˈfræŋklɪn ˈkaʊnti, ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə. ɪt wɑz neɪmd ˈæftər ˈkaʊnti ˈæntrɪm ɪn ˈnɔrðərn ˈaɪərlənd. ðə ˈtaʊnʃɪp wɑz ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ɪn 1741 rɪˈspɑns: ðɪs ɪz kərˈɛkt. ˈæntiˌɑk : ˈæntiˌɑk ðə neɪm ““anti-anti”*” ˈivɪn əˈpɪr ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, nɔr dɪz ðə ˈbɪblɪkəl neɪm ““antioch.”*.” rɪˈspɑns: ɪz ə mɪˈspɛlɪŋ əv ““ani-anti,”*,” wɪʧ ɪz faʊnd ɪn ˈɑlmə ənd, jɛs, ðə neɪm ““antioch”*” ɪz ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl, bət ˌbiˈsaɪd ðə pɔɪnt. ðə fækt ðət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ɪgˈzɪstəd ɛz ə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl pleɪs ɪn taɪm ənd pleɪs ənd ɪn ə ˈsɛtɪŋ ðət ˈʤoʊzəf tɔt ˈərli ɔn tɪ bi ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl saɪt əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ðə pɔɪnt. boʊæz boʊæz: boʊæz boʊæz. ðə neɪm ““boaz”*” ɪz frəm ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd nɑt hæv ˈnidɪd tɪ lʊk æt ə mæp fər ðɪs wən, ənˈlɛs wən ækˈsɛpts əˈsərʃən ðət ðə ˈhɑli mæp ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz əv bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈpleɪsɪz. rɪˈspɑns: ənˈlaɪk ðə juz əv ðə neɪm ““boaz”*” ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl, ˈʤoʊzəf juzd ðə neɪm ““boaz”*” ɛz ə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃən ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðə neɪm ““boaz”*” ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl rɪˈfərz tɪ ðə neɪm əv ə ˈkɛrɪktər ɪn ðə bʊk əv ruθ. ˈkɑnər : ˈkɑnər ðə neɪm ““comner”*” əˈpɪr ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðə neɪm ““comnor”*” dɪz, ɪn ˈiθər əv kɔrs, ““comnor”*” mæʧ ““conner”*” kwaɪt ɛz ˈkloʊsli ɪn ˈspɛlɪŋ. wi ˈkænɑt faɪnd ““connor”*” ɪn ˈiðər nu jɔrk ər ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə. rɪˈspɑns: aɪ əˈgri wɪθ ðət ðɪs ˌsɪməˈlɛrəti ɪz ˈrɛlətɪvli wik, ənd aɪ hæv ˈðɛrˌfɔr riˈmuvd ðɪs neɪm frəm ðə lɪst. ephrem*, seɪnt ˈifrəm, hɪl: ephrem*, seɪnt ˈifrəm hɪl. ðə ˈækʧəwəl neɪm ɪz "saint-éphrem-de-beauce*, kwəˈbɛk." ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə ʃoʊz ðə taʊn biɪŋ ɪˈstæblɪʃt wɪθ ðət neɪm ɪn 1866 ðɪs ɪz 36 jɪrz ˈæftər ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən neɪm "ˈifrəm," əv kɔrs, ɪz ˈizəli faʊnd ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl. rɪˈspɑns: aɪ əˈgri wɪθ ðət ðɪs ˌsɪməˈlɛrəti ɪz ˈrɛlətɪvli wik, ənd aɪ hæv ˈðɛrˌfɔr riˈmuvd ðɪs neɪm frəm ðə lɪst ənd mæp. : . əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, ˈtaʊnʃɪp, ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə, wɑz ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn 1739 rɪˈspɑns: ðɪs ɪz kərˈɛkt. : ., ˈbɛlˌmɑnt koʊ., oʊˈhaɪoʊ dɪz nɑt ˈivɪn ʃoʊ əp ɔn ə 1822 mæp əv oʊˈhaɪoʊ. rɪˈspɑns: hir ɪz wət ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə steɪts əˈbaʊt, oʊˈhaɪoʊ: 1833 kənˈteɪnd wən ˈtævərn, tu stɔrz, ə fəˈzɪʃən, ˈsəndri məˈkænɪks, ənd əˈbaʊt 120 inhabitants.”*.” aɪ faɪnd ɪt ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ðət ʧoʊz tɪ ˌɪgˈnɔr ðɪs ˈɛvədəns. ˌɪnˈstɛd, pɔɪnts tɪ ə mæp ɛz ˈərli ɛz 1822 ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðət ðə ˈsɪti məst nɑt hæv ɪgˈzɪstəd ɛz nɑt ɔn ən 1822 mæp. ˈnɛvər maɪnd ðət ðə ˈsɪti kʊd hæv bɪn bɪlt ˈæftər 1822 bət ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ðə fækt ðət ðə ˈsɪti wɑz ɔˈrɛdi wɛl əp ənd ˈrənɪŋ wɪθ tu stɔrz, ə ˈtævərn, ˈsəndri məˈkænɪks, ə fəˈzɪʃən, ənd 120 ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts baɪ 1833 ʃoʊz ðət ɪt ˈlaɪkli ɪgˈzɪstəd ˌbiˈfɔr 1830 ʤərˈusələm ʤərˈusələm: ʤərˈusələm ʤərˈusələm. ʤərˈusələm, mənˈroʊ koʊ., oʊˈhaɪoʊ dɪz nɑt ˈivɪn ʃoʊ əp ɔn ə 1822 mæp əv oʊˈhaɪoʊ. ˈivɪn təˈdeɪ ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ əv ʤərˈusələm ˈɑkjəˌpaɪz ˈoʊnli skwɛr maɪəlz. ˌbiˈsaɪdz, ðə neɪm "ʤərˈusələm" ɪz frəm ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd nɑt hæv ˈnidɪd tɪ lʊk æt ə mæp fər ðɪs wən, ənˈlɛs wən ækˈsɛpts əˈsərʃən ðət ðə ˈhɑli mæp ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz əv bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈpleɪsɪz. rɪˈspɑns: ðə fərst haʊs ɪn ʤərˈusələm, oʊˈhaɪoʊ wɑz bɪlt ɪn 1825 wɪʧ ɪkˈspleɪnz waɪ ɪt əˈpɪr ɔn ən 1822 mæp əv oʊˈhaɪoʊ. ənd jɛs, ɪt wɑz ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl, bət ðæts ˌbiˈsaɪd ðə pɔɪnt. ðə fækt ðət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ɪgˈzɪstəd ɛz ə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl pleɪs ɪn taɪm ənd pleɪs ənd ɪn ə ˈsɛtɪŋ ðət ˈʤoʊzəf tɔt ˈərli ɔn tɪ bi ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl saɪt əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ðə pɔɪnt. ˈʤɔrdən ˈʤɔrdən: ˈʤɔrdən ˈʤɔrdən. ðə neɪm "ˈʤɔrdən" ɪz frəm ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd nɑt hæv ˈnidɪd tɪ lʊk æt ə mæp fər ðɪs wən, ənˈlɛs wən ækˈsɛpts əˈsərʃən ðət ðə ˈhɑli mæp ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz əv bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈpleɪsɪz. rɪˈspɑns: əˈgɛn, jɛs ɪt wɑz ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˌbiˈsaɪd ðə pɔɪnt. ðə fækt ðət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ɪgˈzɪstəd ɛz ə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl pleɪs ɪn taɪm ənd pleɪs ənd ɪn ə ˈsɛtɪŋ ðət ˈʤoʊzəf tɔt ˈərli ɔn tɪ bi ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl saɪt əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ðə pɔɪnt. : . ˈtaʊnʃɪp, ˈɑrmˌstrɔŋ ˈkaʊnti, ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ðət neɪm ɪn 1832 tu jɪrz ˈæftər ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt. frəm ˈhɪstəri əv ˈɑrmˌstrɔŋ ˈkaʊnti ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə, ˈrɪtən ɪn 1883 baɪ ˈrɑbərt ˈwɔltər smɪθ, "ðə pəˈtɪʃən əv ˈsəndri ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ˌæləˈgeɪni ˈtaʊnʃɪp wɑz pərˈzɛnəd dɪˈsɛmbər 22 1831 tɪ ðə kɔrt əv kˈwɔrtər ˈsɛʃənz əv ðɪs ˈkaʊnti, ˈæskɪŋ ðət ə nu ˈtaʊnʃɪp bi fɔrmd aʊt əv ðə ˈəpər ɛnd əv ˌæləˈgeɪni ˈtaʊnʃɪp, tɪ bi kɔld. ˈfɪlɪp ˈklɪŋgɪnsmɪθ, ʤɑn ˈlæfərti ənd ʤɑn wər əˈpɔɪntɪd vjuərz, hu, ˈæftər wən kənˈtɪnjuəns əv ðɛr ˈɔrdər, pərˈzɛnəd ðɛr rɪˈpɔrt ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪŋ ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən əv ðə nu ˈtaʊnʃɪp, wɪʧ wɑz əˈpruvd baɪ ðə kɔrt ʤun 19 1832 ˈrɪvər ɪn ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə dɪz ɪgˈzɪst praɪər tɪ ðə taʊn, ənd wən wʊd əˈsum ðət ɪt wʊd ʃoʊ əp ɔn ə mæp. ðə ˈhɑli mæp, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, dɪz nɑt ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðət ɪz ə ˈrɪvər, bət ˈrəðər ə pleɪs. rɪˈspɑns: ðə pɔɪnt ðət ˈmætərz ɪz ðət ðə neɪm ““kishkiminetas”*” ɪgˈzɪstəd ənd wɑz noʊn ɪn taɪm ənd ˈbæˌkjɑrd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. ɪt wɑz ənd ɪz ðə neɪm əv ə ˈrɪvər. ˈliˌhaɪ : ˈliˌhaɪ . ðɛr ɪz ˌɪnˈdid ə valley”*” ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə. rɪˈspɑns: ðɪs ɪz kərˈɛkt. ˈmænʧuə : ˈmænʧuə . əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, ˈmænʧuə ˈvɪlɪʤ, oʊˈhaɪoʊ wɑz ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ɪn 1898 ðɪs ɪz 68 jɪrz ˈæftər ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. rɪˈspɑns: ɪz biɪŋ dɪˈsɛptɪv hir. hir ɪz wət ˈmænʧuə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt sɪz ɪgˈzæktli (moʊst əv wɪʧ oʊˈmɪts frəm ðɛr ˈridərz): ˈlɪtəl ˈhɪstəri: ˈmænʧuə ˈvɪlɪʤ (prəˈnaʊnst, "man-a-way*") ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd əˈlɔŋ ðə ˌkaɪəˈhoʊgə ˈrɪvər (noʊn baɪ ˈneɪtɪv ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts ɛz ðə "ˈkrʊkəd ˈrɪvər") ɪn ˈpɔrtɪʤ ˈkaʊnti. frəm ɪts ˈhəmbəl bɪˈgɪnɪŋz ɪn ðə ˈərli 1800s*, wɪθ ɪts ˈreɪˌlroʊd ˈsteɪʃən, 13 səˈlunz, haʊs əv "ɪl riˈpjut" ənd ə ˈʃɪpɪŋ pɔɪnt fər ˈɛriə ˈfɑrmərz, ˈmænʧuə ˈvɪlɪʤ wɑz fɔrmd ənd kˈwɪkli bɪˈgæn tɪ groʊ. ə poʊst ˈɔfəs wɑz ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn 1860 ənd ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ wɑz ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ɪn ɪz mɪsˈlidɪŋ ðɛr ˈridərz ˈɪntu ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ðət ðə taʊn ənd ɪts neɪm dɪd nɑt ɪgˈzɪst ˌbiˈfɔr 1898 wɪʧ ɪz fɔls. ðə taʊn ənd ɪts neɪm ɪgˈzɪstəd, ɛz ˈmɛnʃənd ɔn ðə oʊn ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, ɪn ðə 1800s.”*.” ɛz ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ˈpriviəsli, ə taʊn ənd ɪts neɪm kən ɪgˈzɪst fər ˈmɛni ˈdɛkeɪdz ˌbiˈfɔr ɪts əˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən. ˈmænʧuə ɪz əˈnəðər ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðɪs. mənˈroʊ mərˈoʊni: mənˈroʊ mərˈoʊni. ðə ˈɔθər, ɪn ðə nɛkst ˈsɛkʃən, prəˈzumz ðət ðə neɪm "mərˈoʊni" wɑz dəraɪvd frəm ðə ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪti əv ðə kɔˈmɔˌroʊs ˈaɪləndz, ər frəm "ˈtrɛʒər ˈstɔriz" əˈbaʊt ˈkæptən kɪd. ðɛr ɪz ə taʊn "mənˈroʊ, nu jɔrk" wɪʧ wɑz ˈfaʊndɪd ɪn 1818 rɪˈspɑns: ɪz kərˈɛkt. ɛz ˈmɛnʃənd ˈpriviəsli, ðɪs wɑz ən ˈɑnəst ˈoʊvərˌsaɪt ɔn maɪ pɑrt. aɪ du nɑt bɪˈliv ðət mərˈoʊni keɪm frəm mənˈroʊ. ɛz aɪ ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn ðə hɪl ˈsɛkʃən, aɪ bɪˈliv "mərˈoʊni" ənd ““camorah”*” ər dəraɪvd frəm ˈkæptən kɪd ˈstɔriz. aɪ riˈmuvd moroni.”*.” : . əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə taʊn ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, ðə taʊn əv, nu jɔrk rɪˈsivd ðət neɪm ɪn 1895 ðət ɪz 60 jɪrz ˈæftər ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt. rɪˈspɑns: aɪ əˈgri wɪθ. ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt spəˈsɪfɪkli steɪts ðət ðə neɪm ʧeɪnʤd ɪn 1895 aɪ hæv riˈmuvd ˈɛrər frəm ðə lɪst. : . mərˈeɪviən ˈɪndiən rɪˈzərv noʊ. 47 ɑnˈtɛrioʊ, əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv bɪn ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn 1782 rɪˈspɑns: kərˈɛkt. ˈmɔrɪn ˈmɔˌrɑn: ˈmɔrɪn ˈmɔˌrɑn. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə, ˈmɔrɪn ˈtaʊnʃɪp, kwəˈbɛk, wɑz fɔrmd ɪn 1852 ðɪs wʊd bi 22 jɪrz ˈæftər ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt. rɪˈspɑns: aɪ əˈgri wɪθ. ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə ɪz spɪˈsɪfɪk ðət ˈmɔrɪn wɑz fərst ˈsɛtəld ɪn 1850 aɪ riˈmuvd ˈɛrər frəm ðə lɪst ənd mæp. noʊə leɪks noʊə, lænd əv: noʊə leɪks noʊə, lænd əv. ðə neɪm "noʊə" ɪz frəm ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd nɑt hæv ˈnidɪd tɪ lʊk æt ə mæp fər ðɪs wən, ənˈlɛs wən ækˈsɛpts əˈsərʃən ðət ðə ˈhɑli mæp ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz əv bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈpleɪsɪz. rɪˈspɑns: jɛs, ɪt wɑz ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl bət ˌbiˈsaɪd ðə pɔɪnt. ðə fækt ðət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ɪgˈzɪstəd ɛz ə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl pleɪs ɪn taɪm ənd pleɪs ənd ɪn ə ˈsɛtɪŋ ðət ˈʤoʊzəf tɔt ˈərli ɔn tɪ bi ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl saɪt əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ðə pɔɪnt. oʊˈnaɪdə : oʊˈnaɪdə . si castle”*” bɪˈloʊ. oʊˈnaɪdə ˈkæsəl hɪl: oʊˈnaɪdə ˈkæsəl , hɪl. oʊˈnaɪdə ˈkæsəl, nu jɔrk ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd æt 75°38′0″w*. ðə taʊn həz ɪgˈzɪstəd sɪns ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. rɪˈspɑns: ðɪs ɪz kərˈɛkt. ˈoʊmər : ˈoʊmər . wi ˈkænɑt faɪnd "ˈoʊmər" ɔn ˈɛni ˈmɑdərn mæp əv ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə, nu jɔrk ər ˈkænədə. rɪˈspɑns: aɪ əˈgri wɪθ ənd hæv riˈmuvd kleɪm frəm ðə lɪst. ˈrɑmə : ˈrɑmə . ˈrɑmə ˈtaʊnʃɪp, ɑnˈtɛrioʊ, wɑz "fərst ˈsərˌveɪd ɪn ðɪs ɪz fɔr jɪrz ˈæftər ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. rɪˈspɑns: ðɪs ɪz ə greɪt keɪs ˈstədi əv disingenuity*. fərst əv ɔl, ˈnoʊtɪs haʊ prəˈvaɪdz ðɛr sɔrs fər ðɪs. ðeɪ pʊt ə ˈfʊtˌnoʊt ðət lɪŋks tɪ ðɛr ““endnotes”*” ˈsɛkʃən ɔn ðə ˈbɑtəm ɛz əˈpoʊzd tɪ ʤɪst dɪˈrɛkli ˈlɪŋkɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ɛz həz fər ˈəðər ˈsɔrsəz, səʧ ɛz taʊn ˈwɛbˌsaɪts, ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə, ənd ðə mæps. ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnoʊtɪs ðət dɪz nɑt pʊt ə peɪʤ ˈnəmbər ɪn ðɛr sɔrs æt ðə ˈbɑtəm ɪn ðə ““endnotes.”*.” ðɛr ɪz ə ˈrizən fər ðɪs. hir ɪz wət ɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli sɪz ɪn ðə sɔrs: fækt ðət ˈrɑmə ˈtaʊnʃɪp gru ɪn fɪts ənd stɑrts ɪz rɪˈflɛktɪd ɪn ðə ˈpisˌmil ˈfæʃən ɪt wɑz ˈsərˌveɪd ˈɪntu ˈsɛtəlmənt lɑts. wən θərd əv ðə ˈtaʊnʃɪp ðə wɛst saɪd, ˈbɔrdərɪŋ leɪk wɑz ˈsərˌveɪd ɪn 1834 baɪ ˈwɪljəm keating.”*.” (ˈɛmfəsɪs ˈædɪd) ðət ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ? ðɪs ɪz kwaɪt ˈdɪfərənt frəm ˈsərˌveɪd ɪn kleɪm, ɪt? ə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin θərd əv ðə ˈtaʊnʃɪp ðə wɛst side”*” biɪŋ ˈsərˌveɪd ɪn 1834 ˈvərsəz ðə ɪnˈtaɪər taʊn ““first”*” biɪŋ ˈsərˌveɪd ɪn 1834 ˈfərðər, ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pɑrt frəm peɪʤ 8 ðət ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ oʊˈmɪt frəm ðɛr ˈridərz: neɪm ˈrɑmə wɑz ɔˈrɛdi juzd fər ðə ˈɛriə ɪn 1826 wɪn ðə blæk ˈrɪvər wɑz fərst surveyed.”*.” soʊ, ɪz ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ɪn ðɛr kleɪm əˈbaʊt ˈrɑmə. ðə neɪm wɑz ɔˈrɛdi biɪŋ juzd fər ðə ˈɛriə ɪn 1826 ˈsɛvərəl jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən. həz lɔst sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti hir. ɪf wər ə ˈwɪtnəs ɔn ðə stænd, ˈɛni ˈlɔjər wərθ sɔlt wʊd hæv hæd ə ˈheɪˌdeɪ ˌɪmˈpiʧɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðɪs dɪˈsɛpʃən. ˈrɪpəl leɪk ripliancum*, ˈwɔtərz əv: ˈrɪpəl leɪk ripliancum*, ˈwɔtərz əv. ˈrɪpəl leɪk ɪz soʊ smɔl ðət ɪt ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ ˈloʊˌkeɪt ɔn ˈmɑdərn deɪ mæps, ənd ɪt ɪz wən əv mɔr ðən leɪks ɪn ɑnˈtɛrioʊ. ər wi tɪ əˈsum ðət ˈʤoʊzəf səˈlɛktɪd ðɪs wən loʊˈkeɪʃən əˈməŋst ˈmɛni, ənd ðɛn kənˈvərtɪd ðə neɪm lake”*” tɪ ““ripliancum”*”. rɪˈspɑns: ɛz wɪθ ðə hɪl ˈsɛkʃən bɪˈloʊ, kriˈeɪts ə, kənˈtɛndɪŋ ðət ˈʤoʊzəf juzd ˈoʊnli mæps. kəmˈplitli ˌɪgˈnɔrz ðət ˈʤoʊzəf groʊ əp ɪn ə ˈvækjum ənd ðət hi lɪvd ɪn ə ˈtrænʒənt ˈɛriə ɪn wɪʧ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl kəm ənd wɛnt frəm ɔl ˈoʊvər. baɪ ˈlɑʤɪk, ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl fər ˈʤoʊzəf tɪ hæv dəraɪvd ““moroni”*” ənd ““camorah”*” bɪˈkəz ðə kɔˈmɔˌroʊs ˈaɪləndz ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ faɪnd ɔn mæps ənd ɪz rɪˈmoʊt. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˈʤoʊzəf hæv ˈlərnɪd əv ðə neɪmz frəm ðə kɔˈmɔˌroʊs ˈaɪləndz. ˈnɛvər maɪnd ðət ˈʤoʊzəf wɑz ə fæn ənd ə ˈridər əv ˈkæptən kɪd ˈstɔriz, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ædˈvɛnʧərz ɔn ðə kɔˈmɔˌroʊs ˈaɪləndz. sɛts əp ə baɪ ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ ˈoʊnli ɔn mæps waɪl ˌɪgˈnɔrɪŋ ðə fækt ðət ˈʤoʊzəf koʊ. ˈvɛri wɛl kʊd hæv ˈlərnɪd əˈbaʊt ðə neɪmz frəm ˈsɔrsəz. liv tɪ ðə ˈridər tɪ fɔrm ðɛr oʊn əˈpɪnjən ɛz tɪ ˈwɛðər ðə neɪm əv ripliancum”*” meɪ hæv bɪn dəraɪvd frəm lake.”*.” ˈsɔdəm : ˈsɔdəm . ðə neɪm "ˈsɔdəm," əv kɔrs, ɪz wɛl noʊn frəm ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd nɑt hæv ˈnidɪd tɪ lʊk æt ə mæp fər ðɪs wən, ənˈlɛs wən ækˈsɛpts əˈsərʃən ðət ðə ˈhɑli mæp ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz əv bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈpleɪsɪz. rɪˈspɑns: əv kɔrs ɪt wɑz ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl. ˌbiˈsaɪd ðə pɔɪnt. ðə fækt ðət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ɪgˈzɪstəd ɛz ə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl pleɪs ɪn taɪm ənd pleɪs ənd ɪn ə ˈsɛtɪŋ ðət ˈʤoʊzəf tɔt ˈərli ɔn tɪ bi ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl saɪt əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ðə pɔɪnt. ˈʃaɪloʊ : ˈʃaɪloʊ . ðə neɪm "shiloh”*” ɪz ə ˈbɪblɪkəl neɪm. ðɛr ɪz ə ˈʃaɪloʊ, ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə ɔn ˈmɑdərn mæps. rɪˈspɑns: əˈgɛn, ðə fækt ðət ðə neɪm ““shiloh”*” ɪz ɪn ðə ˈbaɪbəl ɪz ˌbiˈsaɪd ðə pɔɪnt. ðə fækt ðət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ɪgˈzɪstəd ɛz ə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl pleɪs ɪn taɪm ənd pleɪs ənd ɪn ə ˈsɛtɪŋ ðət ˈʤoʊzəf tɔt ˈərli ɔn tɪ bi ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl saɪt əv ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ðə pɔɪnt. lænd əv lænd əv: lænd əv lænd əv ðə neɪm "lænd əv" ɪz frəm ðə ˈbaɪbəl ənd ɪt ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ˈiʤɪpt. ˈʤoʊzəf wʊd nɑt hæv ˈnidɪd tɪ lʊk æt ə mæp fər ðɪs wən, ənˈlɛs wən ækˈsɛpts əˈsərʃən ðət ðə ˈhɑli mæp ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ ʃoʊ ðə ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz əv bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˈpleɪsɪz. wi ər əˈneɪbəl tɪ ˈloʊˌkeɪt ə "midian*" ər "lænd əv" ɔn ˈɛni ˈmɑdərn mæp əv ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə. rɪˈspɑns: aɪ əˈgri wɪθ ənd hæv riˈmuvd kleɪm. ˈlɛtər sɪz... ðə ˈɔθər kleɪmz "ˈmɛni bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən neɪmz ənd ˈpleɪsɪz ər ˈstraɪkɪŋli ˈsɪmələr tɪ ˈmɛni ˈloʊkəl neɪmz ənd ˈpleɪsɪz əv ðə ˈriʤən ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ lɪvd," ənd "wi rɛd ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən əv ðə lænd əv ˌdɛsəˈleɪʃən neɪmd fər ə ˈwɔrjər neɪmd hu hɛlpt ˈʤɛnərəl mərˈoʊni faɪt ɪn ðə lænd əv ˌdɛsəˈleɪʃən. ɪn ˈɪrə, ən ˈɪndiən ʧif neɪmd təˈkəmsə fɔt ənd daɪd nɪr ðə ˈnɛroʊ nɛk əv lænd ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ɪn ðə wɔr əv 1812 təˈdeɪ, ðə ˈsɪti təˈkəmsə (nɪr ðə ˈnɛroʊ nɛk əv lænd) ɪz neɪmd ˈæftər ɪm." dɪsəˈgriz sɪz... ðə ˈɔθər ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli ˈsteɪtɪŋ ðət ðə neɪmz ər ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðoʊz ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ðət ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən əv ðoʊz neɪmz ɪz ˈsɪmələr (ðə ˈrɛfərənsɪz ðə ˈɔθər meɪks tɪ ðə "ˈnɛroʊ nɛk," fər ɪgˈzæmpəl). hi dɪz, ˈæftər ɔl, ˈtaɪtəl ðɪs ˈsɛkʃən "bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ʤiˈɑgrəfi." ɪn əˈdɪʃən, sɪns səm əv ðiz neɪmz kʊd hæv ˈizəli bɪn ˈteɪkən frəm ðə ˈbaɪbəl ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ðə sərˈaʊndɪŋ ˈriʤən, wən məst əˈsum ðət ðɛr ˌɪnˈkluʒən ɔn ðə mæp ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪmˈplaɪz ðət ðɛr ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz ˈrɛlətɪv tɪ wən əˈnəðər ər ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. ər ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðoʊz ɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ðət ðə ɪz ˈsɪmələr (ðə ˈrɛfərənsɪz ðə ˈɔθər meɪks tɪ ðə "ˈnɛroʊ nɛk," fər ɪgˈzæmpəl). hi dɪz, ˈæftər ɔl, ˈtaɪtəl ðɪs ˈsɛkʃən "bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ʤiˈɑgrəfi." ɪn əˈdɪʃən, sɪns səm əv ðiz neɪmz kʊd hæv ˈizəli bɪn ˈteɪkən frəm ðə ˈbaɪbəl ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ðə sərˈaʊndɪŋ ˈriʤən, wən məst əˈsum ðət ðɛr ˌɪnˈkluʒən ɔn ðə mæp ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪmˈplaɪz ðət ðɛr ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz ˈrɛlətɪv tɪ wən əˈnəðər ər ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. ˌɪnkərˈɛkt: ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə ʤiˈɑgrəfi, ɪt ɪz klɪr frəm mæp ðət ə ˈnəmbər əv loʊˈkeɪʃənz hæv bɪn səˈlɛktɪd tɪ meɪk ðə neɪmz mæʧ ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ʤiˈɑgrəfi. səm ɪgˈzæmpəlz: ðə mæp ˈpleɪsɪz, saɪt əv jacob’s”*” dɪˈsɛnərz fɑr ɪn ðə lænd ˈsaʊθwərd, wɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən həz ɪt fɑr ɪn ðə lænd ˈnɔrθwərd 3 si ˈɔlsoʊ 3 ðə mæp ˈpleɪsɪz ðə lænd əv fərst ˌɪnˈhɛrətəns [lænd əv] ɪz ɔn ðə ˈistərn koʊst əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, waɪl ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz klɪr ðət ənd hɪz grup ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛstərn koʊst. ðə ˈsɪti əv ʃʊd bi baɪ ðə ˈistərn ˈsiˌʃɔr, nɪr ðə ˈsɪti əv (ˈɑlmə "ramah”*” ɪz ðə neɪm fər ðə hɪl (ˈiθər ðə hɪl ɪz nɑt ɪn ˈkænədə. ˈmɛni əv ðɛr ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈæftər ðə riˈlis əv dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ fɛrz dɪˈbəŋkɪŋ. ðə əˈbəv ərˈɪʤənəl rɪˈspɑns kən bi faʊnd hir. ˈʤɛrəˌmiz rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə mæp ˈpleɪsɪz, saɪt əv "kɪŋ ˈʤeɪkəbz" dɪˈsɛnərz fɑr ɪn ðə lænd ˈsaʊθwərd, wɪn ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən həz ɪt fɑr ɪn ðə lænd ˈnɔrθwərd 3 si ˈɔlsoʊ 3 ɪz ˈædɪŋ wərdz tɪ bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ðət ɪgˈzɪst. ðə ˈoʊnli ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl ˈrɛfərəns tɪ ““jacobugath”*” ɪz ðət ɪt ɪz ɪn ðə: pɑrt əv ðə land.”*.” ɪt dɪz nɑt seɪ wət lænd, ənd ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌjunəˈvərsəli ækˈnɑlɪʤd ““land.”*.” fər tɪ əˈsum ðət ““northernmost”*” məst min ðət ðə moʊst nɔrθ ɔn ðɪs mæp ɪn maɪ ˈlɛtər ɪz ˈrɪli ˈriʧɪŋ fər ˈsəmθɪŋ. ɪf aɪ wər ɪn st*. ʤɔrʤ, ˈjuˌtɔ, ənd aɪ sɛd aɪ wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ ðə pɑrt əv ðə land,”*,” ju wʊd nɑt noʊ ˈwɛðər aɪ wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ ðə ““northernmost”*” pɑrt əv st*. ʤɔrʤ ər ɪf aɪ wɑz goʊɪŋ ɔl ðə weɪ əp tɪ ðə ˈbɔrdər ər ɪf aɪ wɑz goʊɪŋ ɔl ðə weɪ tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈbɔrdər. ɪt dɪˈpɛndz ɔn wət ““land”*” minz. wi du nɑt noʊ wət ““land”*” ɪn ðɪs ˈskrɪpʧər rɪˈfərz tɪ. ðə mæp ˈpleɪsɪz ðə lænd əv fərst ˌɪnˈhɛrətəns [lænd əv] ɪz ɔn ðə ˈistərn koʊst əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, waɪl ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz klɪr ðət ənd hɪz grup ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛstərn koʊst. ˈæˌkʧuəli, ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən klɪr ɔn ðɪs pɔɪnt. ˈnoʊtɪs ðət feɪlz tɪ ˈɔfər ˈɛni sɔrs fər ðɛr kleɪm ðət ənd hɪz grup ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛstərn koʊst. ðə ˈrizən waɪ feɪlz tɪ ˈɔfər ˈɛni sɔrs, ɛz ðeɪ dɪd fər ““jacobugath”*” ənd ““morianton,”*,” ɪz bɪˈkəz noʊz ðət ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən dɪz nɑt seɪ wɪʧ koʊst koʊ. ˈlændɪd. ˈfərðər, feɪlz tɪ tɛl ðɛr ˈridərz ðət ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi wɪˈθɪn əˌpɑləˈʤɛtɪk ˈsərkəlz ɛz tɪ wɪʧ koʊst koʊ. ˈlændɪd. aɪ faɪnd ɪt dɪsɪnˈʤɛnjuəs, tɪ seɪ ðə list, ðət traɪz tɪ ˈprɛzənt ðɪs ɛz ˈfækʧuəl tɪ ðɛr ˈridərz wɪn ðeɪ noʊ ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈfækʧuəl. meɪks ðɪs kleɪm ɔn ðə əˈsəmpʃən ðət əˈpɑləʤɪst ju bi. wɑz raɪt ɪn hɪz ˈprɛmɪs ðət ðə əv bountiful”*” wɑz ɔn ðə koʊst ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ist ənd ðət koʊ. seɪl əraʊnd ˈæfrɪkɑ bət ˈrəðər θru ðə pəˈsɪfɪk. ðɪs ɪz ʤɪst əˈpɪnjən ɛz ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ɪz ˈsaɪlənt ɔn wɪʧ koʊst koʊ. ˈlændɪd. hir ɪz ən əˈpɑləʤɪst ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈɑrgjəmənt ðət koʊ. wɛnt ðə əˈtlæntɪk ˈoʊʃən rut. ənd hɪrz ðə mərˈɪdiən ˈmægəˌzin ˈɔlsoʊ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə keɪs ðət koʊ. seɪld əˈkrɔs ðə əˈtlæntɪk ˈoʊʃən. soʊ, ðɛr ɪz noʊ kənˈsɛnsəs, ˈɛvədəns, ər səˈpɔrt fər əˈsəmpʃən ðət koʊ. ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə pəˈsɪfɪk koʊst. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, kleɪm ðət ɪz ˌɪˈnækjərətli pleɪst ɔn ðə mæp ɪz ənsəˈpɔrtɪd. ðə ˈsɪti əv ʃʊd bi baɪ ðə ˈistərn ˈsiˌʃɔr, nɪr ðə ˈsɪti əv (ˈɑlmə ˈniðər ɪz hɪl ɪn nu jɔrk, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ʤiˈɑgrəfi model”*” ɪˈspaʊzd baɪ boʊθ ənd ðə nil ˈmæksˌwɛl ˈɪnstɪˌtut. ˈnɛvər maɪnd ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ ənd ““prophets*, sirz, ənd revelators”*” hæv tɔt ɪn nu jɔrk. ˈnɛvər maɪnd ðət ˈʤoʊzəf smɪθ wɑz, ɪn tərn, tɔt əˈbaʊt ðə bʊk əv ˈmɔrmən ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃənz baɪ ən ˌænˈʤɛlɪk mərˈoʊni hu hɪmˈsɛlf dɪˈpɑzətəd ðə pleɪts ɪn hɪl. ˈnɛvər maɪnd ðət ðə ʧərʧ stɪl hoʊldz hɪl ˈpæʤənts ðɛr təˈdeɪ. ˌənəˈfɪʃəl əˈpɑləʤɪsts hæv tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛnt əˈnəðər tɪ traɪ tɪ meɪk ðə dɑts laɪn əp. jɛt, ðə dɑts ˈlaɪnɪŋ əp. ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈstændərd rikˈwaɪərd, ðɛn ˈhævɪŋ |
while losses by the dallas cowboys and houston texans caused a dip in the market for super bowl tickets, demand and prices are still high for the big game in two weeks.
on, the ticketing platform i co-founded, the average ticket to this super bowl has resold for an average of $5,101 as of sunday. if prices hold steady at this level, it will be the most super bowl has seen since it started tracking the market in the 2010 season.
prices fell quite a bit following the cowboys defeat last weekend - as seen in’s super bowl ticket tracker the average price paid for a ticket dropped by about $1,000 in the 24 hours following that game. however, over the past week prices have crept back up.
this has likely been caused by the makeup of the four remaining teams. three of them are legacy nfl franchises with rich histories along with recent successes, and the fourth has never won a super bowl in team history.
prior to last season studied how much each nfl team impacts ticket prices on the road. it may come as little surprise that the green bay packers, pittsburgh steelers and new england patriots were the top three teams on that list. all of these teams caused prices to basically double when they came to town, a trend that has continued for this season.
in that same study, the atlanta falcons were shown to actually cause a decrease in prices. while that may be the case during the regular season - and when the study took place the falcons were coming off a season - the super bowl is a totally different story. outside of texas, where the game is taking place, georgia has been the state with the most interested fans looking to buy super bowl tickets on in the week leading up to the conference championships.
while those fans may have been getting a bit ahead of themselves at the time, the falcons victory over the packers on sunday made sure that there will be plenty of black and red in stadium come feb. 5.
all of this has led to an average resale price of more than $5,000. while some tickets can be had for around $3,500, those who want prime seats are going to spend close to $10,000 a ticket.
however, the good news for fans thinking of buying tickets is that in five of the past six years we have seen prices drop between the conference championship games and the super bowl. last year the average resale price of a ticket sold after the conference championship games was 25% less than those tickets sold before the matchup was set. | waɪl ˈlɔsɪz baɪ ðə ˈdæləs ˈkaʊˌbɔɪz ənd ˈhjustən ˈtɛksənz kɔzd ə dɪp ɪn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt fər ˈsupər boʊl ˈtɪkɪts, dɪˈmænd ənd ˈpraɪsɪz ər stɪl haɪ fər ðə bɪg geɪm ɪn tu wiks. ɔn, ðə ˈtɪkətɪŋ ˈplætˌfɔrm aɪ co-founded*, ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈtɪkɪt tɪ ðɪs ˈsupər boʊl həz riˈsoʊld fər ən ˈævərɪʤ əv ɛz əv ˈsənˌdi. ɪf ˈpraɪsɪz hoʊld ˈstɛdi æt ðɪs ˈlɛvəl, ɪt wɪl bi ðə moʊst ˈsupər boʊl həz sin sɪns ɪt ˈstɑrtɪd ˈtrækɪŋ ðə ˈmɑrkɪt ɪn ðə 2010 ˈsizən. ˈpraɪsɪz fɛl kwaɪt ə bɪt ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə ˈkaʊˌbɔɪz dɪˈfit læst ˈwiˌkɪnd ɛz sin ɪn ˈsupər boʊl ˈtɪkɪt ˈtrækər ðə ˈævərɪʤ praɪs peɪd fər ə ˈtɪkɪt drɑpt baɪ əˈbaʊt ɪn ðə 24 aʊərz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðət geɪm. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈoʊvər ðə pæst wik ˈpraɪsɪz hæv krɛpt bæk əp. ðɪs həz ˈlaɪkli bɪn kɔzd baɪ ðə ˈmeɪˌkəp əv ðə fɔr rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ timz. θri əv ðɛm ər ˈlɛgəsi ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈfrænˌʧaɪzɪz wɪθ rɪʧ ˈhɪstəriz əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈrisənt səkˈsɛsɪz, ənd ðə fɔrθ həz ˈnɛvər wən ə ˈsupər boʊl ɪn tim ˈhɪstəri. praɪər tɪ læst ˈsizən ˈstədid haʊ məʧ iʧ ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl tim ˌɪmˈpækts ˈtɪkɪt ˈpraɪsɪz ɔn ðə roʊd. ɪt meɪ kəm ɛz ˈlɪtəl səˈpraɪz ðət ðə grin beɪ ˈpækərz, ˈpɪtsbərg ˈstilərz ənd nu ˈɪŋglənd ˈpeɪtriəts wər ðə tɔp θri timz ɔn ðət lɪst. ɔl əv ðiz timz kɔzd ˈpraɪsɪz tɪ ˈbeɪsɪkli ˈdəbəl wɪn ðeɪ keɪm tɪ taʊn, ə trɛnd ðət həz kənˈtɪnjud fər ðɪs ˈsizən. ɪn ðət seɪm ˈstədi, ðə æˈtlæntə ˈfælkənz wər ʃoʊn tɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli kɔz ə ˈdiˌkris ɪn ˈpraɪsɪz. waɪl ðət meɪ bi ðə keɪs ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈrɛgjələr ˈsizən ənd wɪn ðə ˈstədi tʊk pleɪs ðə ˈfælkənz wər ˈkəmɪŋ ɔf ə ˈsizən ðə ˈsupər boʊl ɪz ə ˈtoʊtəli ˈdɪfərənt ˈstɔri. ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ˈtɛksəs, wɛr ðə geɪm ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ pleɪs, ˈʤɔrʤə həz bɪn ðə steɪt wɪθ ðə moʊst ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd fænz ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ baɪ ˈsupər boʊl ˈtɪkɪts ɔn ɪn ðə wik ˈlidɪŋ əp tɪ ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps. waɪl ðoʊz fænz meɪ hæv bɪn ˈgɪtɪŋ ə bɪt əˈhɛd əv ðɛmˈsɛlvz æt ðə taɪm, ðə ˈfælkənz ˈvɪktəri ˈoʊvər ðə ˈpækərz ɔn ˈsənˌdi meɪd ʃʊr ðət ðɛr wɪl bi ˈplɛnti əv blæk ənd rɛd ɪn ˈsteɪdiəm kəm ˈfɛbjəˌwɛri. 5 ɔl əv ðɪs həz lɛd tɪ ən ˈævərɪʤ ˈriˌseɪl praɪs əv mɔr ðən waɪl səm ˈtɪkɪts kən bi hæd fər əraʊnd ðoʊz hu wɔnt praɪm sits ər goʊɪŋ tɪ spɛnd kloʊz tɪ ə ˈtɪkɪt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə gʊd nuz fər fænz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əv baɪɪŋ ˈtɪkɪts ɪz ðət ɪn faɪv əv ðə pæst sɪks jɪrz wi hæv sin ˈpraɪsɪz drɔp bɪtˈwin ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp geɪmz ənd ðə ˈsupər boʊl. læst jɪr ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈriˌseɪl praɪs əv ə ˈtɪkɪt soʊld ˈæftər ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp geɪmz wɑz 25 lɛs ðən ðoʊz ˈtɪkɪts soʊld ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈmæʧəp wɑz sɛt. |
-- by mary bottari and sean hoey
generation opportunity (gen opp), a "nonpartisan" youth group funded by the koch brothers "freedom partners" conduit, is backing one of the favorite politicians and thanking him for his support for a alec model bill.
the arlington, virginia, astroturf group recently asked to sign a petition thanking governor scott walker for signing "the case for jobs act." the signal that the group is trying to capture names in wisconsin perhaps for use in the election cycle. aseviously reported, the group has been spending big money in federal races for the u.s. senate.
the from went viral on twitter, but not for the reasons the group would have hoped. rather, reacted viscerally to the call to thank wisconsin's governor for makingogress on jobs.
"@genoppwi is this a joke?" was one of the milder and more common responses pouring into the gen opp account,ompting one walker supporter to lament, "i can't believe the negative replies."
wisconsinites aren't buying gen opp spin on jobs
gen opp signaled its support for walker by thanking him "for giving our generation an opportunity to build our own future." how are wisconsin youth building their future? apparently by "crowdfunding" capital.
just a few months before the election, gen opp has begun peddling a petition to thank walker for signing the case for jobs act, which he signed into law eight months ago. the bill in question was by wisconsin alec members rep. david craig, rep. chad weininger, and state senator leah vukmir. vukmir, an alec board member, was sued by the center for media and democracy for failure to respond to our open records requests. the state attorney general settled the case with in 2014, paying penalties and fees.
drafting documents obtained by reveal that the case act was modeled on a north carolina bill, the our business start-ups act" (jobs act). it, too, was introduced by a passel of alec politicians, including kelly hastings, tom murry, and tim moffitt. so it's not surprising that the bill then moved to alec and became local investment made easy (lime) act, which was on the alec agenda in kansas city in april 2014. it was approved as a "model" by board, which includes koch industries, on july 1, 2014. under the bill businesses are granted exemptions from state securities law and allowed to raise as much as $1 million from investors without an audited financial statement and up to $2 million with an audit (what could go wrong?). in case that was not worrisome enough, the wisconsin version lowers the threshold to be an accredited investor. the milwaukee business journal raised concerns that the changes would create risk for unsophisticated investors.
although the bill passed long ago, gen opp is trotting it out again to foster the notion that walker is busy on the jobs front. in june 2014, did an analysis that showed that the wisconsin economic development authority, walker's flagship jobs agency which he chairs, had only created jobs in the past three years. during the same period wisconsin's warn database indicates that jobs were lost to plant closings and mass layoffs. federal data puts wisconsin in the spot of all 50 states for new job creation and dead last among its midwestern neighbors in job creation.
but the facts haven't stopped the koch spin machine. american's forosperity group recently spent nearly $900,000 on another round of tv ads sticking to their old mantra regarding the walker agenda -- "it's working!" after spending millions on the same message during walker's 2012 recall election. and, a foundation helped underwrite "rich states, poor states" report which pumped up wisconsin's purported economic grade despite the state's actually dismal economic performance. in 2010, koch industries pac contributed $43,000 to walker's campaign directly.
wisconsinites who've had the misfortune of living through walker's divisive and ineffective economic policies, were quick to respond to the gen opp spin with snark, facts and outrage, as can be seen below.
bankrolled by billionaires
as watch reported earlier this month, gen opp launched a massive, nearly $2.3 million ad buy against senators kay hagan (d-nc), mary landrieu (d-la), and mark udall (d-co) all vulnerable democrats in tough reelection fights that could determine the control of the u.s. senate in the next session. its support for walker shows it will now be weighing into state races, too.
where does gen opp get all this cash?
in 2012, gen opp received $5 million from freedom partners, a key part of the koch political apparatus which raised some $256 million for the 2012 election cycle from deep pocketed donors many of whom have donated a million dollars or more to the koch network in response to appeals from the at their donor retreats. it was almost a year after that election that tax filings first revealed the existence of freedom partners, which is stocked with koch operatives, had bankrolled almost the entirety of the "grassroots" opposition to "obamacare." gen opp also received over $2 million from trust another conduit in 2012.
stay tuned.
it is early days for gen opp, and analysts anticipate they are likely to jump into more states where hot races are looming this fall.
for more on the billionaire industrialist koch brothers and the power and influence of the koch cadre and koch cash, see's unique wiki resource kochexposed.org. | baɪ ˈmɛri boʊˈtɑri ənd ʃɔn hoʊi ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˌɑpərˈtunəti (ʤɛn ɑp), ə "nɑnˈpɑrtəzən" juθ grup ˈfəndɪd baɪ ðə kɔʧ ˈbrəðərz "ˈfridəm ˈpɑrtnərz" ˈkɑnʤuɪt, ɪz ˈbækɪŋ wən əv ðə ˈfeɪvərɪt ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ənd ˈθæŋkɪŋ ɪm fər hɪz səˈpɔrt fər ə ˈælɪk ˈmɑdəl bɪl. ðə ˈɑrlɪŋtən, vərˈʤɪnjə, ˈæstroʊˌtərf grup ˈrisəntli æst tɪ saɪn ə pəˈtɪʃən ˈθæŋkɪŋ ˈgəvərnər skɑt ˈwɔkər fər ˈsaɪnɪŋ "ðə keɪs fər ʤɑbz ækt." ðə ˈsɪgnəl ðət ðə grup ɪz traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈkæpʧər neɪmz ɪn wɪˈskɑnsən pərˈhæps fər juz ɪn ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈsaɪkəl. ɛz ˈpriviəsli ˌriˈpɔrtəd, ðə grup həz bɪn ˈspɛndɪŋ bɪg ˈməni ɪn ˈfɛdərəl ˈreɪsɪz fər ðə juz. ˈsɛnɪt. ðə frəm wɛnt ˈvaɪrəl ɔn tˈwɪtər, bət nɑt fər ðə ˈrizənz ðə grup wʊd hæv hoʊpt. ˈrəðər, riˈæktɪd ˈvɪsərəli tɪ ðə kɔl tɪ θæŋk wɪˈskɑnsənz ˈgəvərnər fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɔn ʤɑbz. ɪz ðɪs ə ʤoʊk?" wɑz wən əv ðə ˈmaɪldər ənd mɔr ˈkɑmən rɪˈspɑnsɪz ˈpɔrɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ʤɛn ɑp əˈkaʊnt, ˈprɑmptɪŋ wən ˈwɔkər səˈpɔrtər tɪ ləˈmɛnt, "aɪ kænt bɪˈliv ðə ˈnɛgətɪv rɪˈplaɪz." ˈɑrənt baɪɪŋ ʤɛn ɑp spɪn ɔn ʤɑbz ʤɛn ɑp ˈsɪgnəld ɪts səˈpɔrt fər ˈwɔkər baɪ ˈθæŋkɪŋ ɪm "fər ˈgɪvɪŋ ɑr ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ bɪld ɑr oʊn fˈjuʧər." haʊ ər wɪˈskɑnsən juθ ˈbɪldɪŋ ðɛr fˈjuʧər? əˈpɛrəntli baɪ "crowdfunding*" ˈkæpɪtəl. ʤɪst ə fju mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən, ʤɛn ɑp həz ˈbeɪgən ˈpɛdəlɪŋ ə pəˈtɪʃən tɪ θæŋk ˈwɔkər fər ˈsaɪnɪŋ ðə keɪs fər ʤɑbz ækt, wɪʧ hi saɪnd ˈɪntu lɔ eɪt mənθs əˈgoʊ. ðə bɪl ɪn kˈwɛʃən wɑz baɪ wɪˈskɑnsən ˈælɪk ˈmɛmbərz rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈdeɪvɪd kreɪg, rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ʧæd ˈwaɪnɪŋər, ənd steɪt ˈsɛnətər ˈliə vukmir*. vukmir*, ən ˈælɪk bɔrd ˈmɛmbər, wɑz sud baɪ ðə ˈsɛnər fər ˈmidiə ənd dɪˈmɑkrəsi fər ˈfeɪljər tɪ rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ɑr ˈoʊpən ˈrɛkərdz rɪkˈwɛsts. ðə steɪt əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ˈsɛtəld ðə keɪs wɪθ ɪn 2014 peɪɪŋ ˈpɛnəltiz ənd fiz. ˈdræftɪŋ ˈdɑkjəmənts əbˈteɪnd baɪ rɪˈvil ðət ðə keɪs ækt wɑz ˈmɑdəld ɔn ə nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə bɪl, ðə ɑr ˈbɪznɪs ˈstɑrˈtəps ækt" (ʤɑbz ækt). ɪt, tu, wɑz ˌɪntrəˈdust baɪ ə ˈpæsɪl əv ˈælɪk ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈkɛli ˈheɪstɪŋz, tɑm ˈməri, ənd tɪm ˈmɑfɪt. soʊ ɪts nɑt səˈpraɪzɪŋ ðət ðə bɪl ðɛn muvd tɪ ˈælɪk ənd bɪˈkeɪm ˈloʊkəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt meɪd ˈizi (laɪm) ækt, wɪʧ wɑz ɔn ðə ˈælɪk əˈʤɛndə ɪn ˈkænzəs ˈsɪti ɪn ˈeɪprəl 2014 ɪt wɑz əˈpruvd ɛz ə "ˈmɑdəl" baɪ bɔrd, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludz kɔʧ ˈɪndəstriz, ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1 2014 ˈəndər ðə bɪl ˈbɪznɪsɪz ər ˈgrænɪd ɪgˈzɛmpʃənz frəm steɪt sɪˈkjʊrətiz lɔ ənd əˈlaʊd tɪ reɪz ɛz məʧ ɛz 1 ˈmɪljən frəm ˌɪnˈvɛstərz wɪˈθaʊt ən ˈɔdɪtɪd ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈsteɪtmənt ənd əp tɪ 2 ˈmɪljən wɪθ ən ˈɔdɪt (wət kʊd goʊ rɔŋ?). ɪn keɪs ðət wɑz nɑt ˈwərisəm ɪˈnəf, ðə wɪˈskɑnsən ˈvərʒən loʊərz ðə θˈrɛˌʃoʊld tɪ bi ən əˈkrɛdɪtɪd ˌɪnˈvɛstər. ðə mɪlˈwɔki ˈbɪznɪs ˈʤərnəl reɪzd kənˈsərnz ðət ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪz wʊd kriˈeɪt rɪsk fər ˌənsəˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtɪd ˌɪnˈvɛstərz. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə bɪl pæst lɔŋ əˈgoʊ, ʤɛn ɑp ɪz ˈtrɑtɪŋ ɪt aʊt əˈgɛn tɪ ˈfɑstər ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət ˈwɔkər ɪz ˈbɪzi ɔn ðə ʤɑbz frənt. ɪn ʤun 2014 dɪd ən æˈnælɪsɪs ðət ʃoʊd ðət ðə wɪˈskɑnsən ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈvɛləpmənt əˈθɔrəti, ˈwɔkərz ˈflægˌʃɪp ʤɑbz ˈeɪʤənsi wɪʧ hi ʧɛrz, hæd ˈoʊnli kriˈeɪtɪd ʤɑbz ɪn ðə pæst θri jɪrz. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə seɪm ˈpɪriəd wɪˈskɑnsənz wɔrn ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈɪndɪˌkeɪts ðət ʤɑbz wər lɔst tɪ plænt ˈkloʊzɪŋz ənd mæs leɪɔfs. ˈfɛdərəl ˈdætə pʊts wɪˈskɑnsən ɪn ðə spɑt əv ɔl 50 steɪts fər nu ʤɑb kriˈeɪʃən ənd dɛd læst əˈməŋ ɪts mɪdˈwɛstərn ˈneɪbərz ɪn ʤɑb kriˈeɪʃən. bət ðə fækts ˈhævənt stɑpt ðə kɔʧ spɪn məˈʃin. əˈmɛrɪkənz fər prɑˈspɛrəti grup ˈrisəntli spɛnt ˈnɪrli ɔn əˈnəðər raʊnd əv ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ædz ˈstɪkɪŋ tɪ ðɛr oʊld ˈmæntrə rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ˈwɔkər əˈʤɛndə "ɪts ˈwərkɪŋ!" ˈæftər ˈspɛndɪŋ ˈmɪljənz ɔn ðə seɪm ˈmɛsɪʤ ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈwɔkərz 2012 ˈriˌkɔl ɪˈlɛkʃən. ənd, ə faʊnˈdeɪʃən hɛlpt ˈəndərˌraɪt "rɪʧ steɪts, pur steɪts" rɪˈpɔrt wɪʧ pəmpt əp wɪˈskɑnsənz pərˈpɔrtɪd ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk greɪd dɪˈspaɪt ðə steɪts ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈdɪzməl ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk pərˈfɔrməns. ɪn 2010 kɔʧ ˈɪndəstriz pæk kənˈtrɪbjutɪd tɪ ˈwɔkərz kæmˈpeɪn dɪˈrɛkli. huv hæd ðə mɪsˈfɔrʧən əv ˈlɪvɪŋ θru ˈwɔkərz dɪˈvaɪsɪv ənd ˌɪnɪˈfɛktɪv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈpɑləsiz, wər kwɪk tɪ rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ðə ʤɛn ɑp spɪn wɪθ snark*, fækts ənd ˈaʊˌtreɪʤ, ɛz kən bi sin bɪˈloʊ. ˈbæŋˌkroʊld baɪ ˌbɪljəˈnɛrz ɛz wɔʧ ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ, ʤɛn ɑp lɔnʧt ə ˈmæsɪv, ˈnɪrli ˈmɪljən æd baɪ əˈgɛnst ˈsɛnətərz keɪ ˈheɪgən (d-nc*), ˈmɛri ˈlændru (d-la*), ənd mɑrk ˈjudəl (d-co*) ɔl ˈvəlnərəbəl ˈdɛməˌkræts ɪn təf riɪˈlɛkʃən faɪts ðət kʊd dɪˈtərmən ðə kənˈtroʊl əv ðə juz. ˈsɛnɪt ɪn ðə nɛkst ˈsɛʃən. ɪts səˈpɔrt fər ˈwɔkər ʃoʊz ɪt wɪl naʊ bi weɪɪŋ ˈɪntu steɪt ˈreɪsɪz, tu. wɛr dɪz ʤɛn ɑp gɪt ɔl ðɪs kæʃ? ɪn 2012 ʤɛn ɑp rɪˈsivd 5 ˈmɪljən frəm ˈfridəm ˈpɑrtnərz, ə ki pɑrt əv ðə kɔʧ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌæpərˈætəs wɪʧ reɪzd səm 256 ˈmɪljən fər ðə 2012 ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈsaɪkəl frəm dip ˈpɑkətɪd ˈdoʊnərz ˈmɛni əv hum hæv ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd ə ˈmɪljən ˈdɔlərz ər mɔr tɪ ðə kɔʧ ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ əˈpilz frəm ðə æt ðɛr ˈdoʊnər riˈtrits. ɪt wɑz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə jɪr ˈæftər ðət ɪˈlɛkʃən ðət tæks ˈfaɪlɪŋz fərst rɪˈvild ðə ɪgˈzɪstəns əv ˈfridəm ˈpɑrtnərz, wɪʧ ɪz stɑkt wɪθ kɔʧ ˈɑpərətɪvz, hæd ˈbæŋˌkroʊld ˈɔlˌmoʊst ðə ɪnˈtaɪərti əv ðə "ˈgræsˈruts" ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ "obamacare*." ʤɛn ɑp ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈsivd ˈoʊvər 2 ˈmɪljən frəm trəst əˈnəðər ˈkɑnʤuɪt ɪn 2012 steɪ tund. ɪt ɪz ˈərli deɪz fər ʤɛn ɑp, ənd ˈænəlɪsts ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ðeɪ ər ˈlaɪkli tɪ ʤəmp ˈɪntu mɔr steɪts wɛr hɑt ˈreɪsɪz ər ˈlumɪŋ ðɪs fɔl. fər mɔr ɔn ðə ˌbɪljəˈnɛr ˌɪnˈdəstriəlɪst kɔʧ ˈbrəðərz ənd ðə paʊər ənd ˈɪnfluəns əv ðə kɔʧ ˈkædri ənd kɔʧ kæʃ, si juˈnik ˈwɪˌki ˈrisɔrs kochexposed.org*. |
as television network and cable reporting on the collapsing economy diminished last week, john mccain gained an inch or two on barack obama. three cable news shows i watched on on friday hardball, countdown, and rachel devoted substantial coverage to the dirty tricks and voter suppression efforts of campaign. the reporting is critically important. but, in the end, it probably helped mccain simply by dropping the economy as the story.
foxnews, of course, last week devoted a good deal of its daily reporting to acorn. "anything but the economy" should be the phony news new motto. you want to know the mccain message strategy? watch fox. they execute campaign orders with the scary discipline of practiced propagandists.
but even smart, or progressive media have difficulty focusing on more than one thing at one time. they want the story. and last week, the story was, in some order or other, mccain campaign dirty tricks (racist robocalls), republican efforts to keep american citizens from voting, poor debate performance, electoral college predictions, etc.
the stock market was up slightly by the end of the week, and the outrages of the mccain campaign stole the shows. they were enough to make it less than the story. and helped mccain, if only by a small amount. which means no incentive for the mccain camp to reign in their extremist messaging.
this presents the obama campaign with a dilemma. take the focus off the economy, and mccain will gain. leave the and racist tactics of the mccain campaign unaddressed, and mccain will gain.
this time, though, the obama campaign has something no democratic campaign has had in recent presidential cycles: a late lead with a cushion. its advantage in the contest for electoral votes means it can concede a brief, short-term advantage to mccain by doing some things that diminish the reporting of economic news. very, very important things. like demanding that a special prosecutor investigate the department of raw, illegal and undemocratic of acorn.
i’m going to take advantage of the cushion to make a simple point about the authoritarian and voter suppression efforts of the right.
i’m aware that when mccain made his preposterous "destroying the fabric of democracy" claim against acorn in last debate, he knew what he was doing. he was distracting voters from the economic distress. and he was stealing the language of condemnation aimed by obama and others at voter suppression schemes. as bad as the mccain campaign has been, not always stupid. the "fabric of democracy" remark was used tactically to diminish the impact of any coverage the voter suppression efforts might receive. voters will be confused about just who is ripping said fabric.
i’m aware of little play, but i care. tactical prophylactic is thin. so my simple point:
in a democracy, voter suppression should be made a high crime on a level with treason.
in fact, i think a system can even be called a democracy unless it treats as a great and terrible crime the suppression, intimidation or exclusion of citizens from elections. when voter exclusion is tolerated, voting can become little more than a pretty curtain drawn across the muscled efforts of authority to have its way no matter what the citizenry might prefer.
but in america, exclusion has a cultural and political advantage over inclusion. it took years for women to earn the franchise. it was 1965 before formal and legal barriers to african-american participation in elections were removed by the voting rights act. demonizing a group by color, religion, geography or even political preference and then taking steps to keep the demonized group from voting the news? been done since the founding of the nation.
how people of the right manage to square their avowed love of democracy with actions that subvert it really that big a mystery. in the conservative worldview, only certain people knew them as the elect should be regarded as full citizens. the full citizens because they are less favored by god or the town fathers. in authoritarian minds, suppressing the voting rights of their neighbors becomes essential to protecting legitimate authority within a democracy. the successful of the is then taken as a sign that god or more earthly authority looks down upon the victims of suppression. a neat little merry-go-round of logic.
to all you conservatives busy votes, passing along voter purge lists, contributing money to pay for racist robocalls, hiring cops to patrol the polls to intimidate voters, rigging voting machines and on and one, i say this: you belong in prison. | ɛz ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ˈnɛtˌwərk ənd ˈkeɪbəl rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ɔn ðə kəˈlæpsɪŋ ɪˈkɑnəmi dɪˈmɪnɪʃt læst wik, ʤɑn məˈkeɪn geɪnd ən ɪnʧ ər tu ɔn ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə. θri ˈkeɪbəl nuz ʃoʊz aɪ wɔʧt ɔn ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ˈhɑrdˌbɔl, ˈkaʊntˌdaʊn, ənd ˈreɪʧəl dɪˈvoʊtɪd səbˈstænʃəl ˈkəvərɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈdərti trɪks ənd ˈvoʊtər səˈprɛʃən ˈɛfərts əv kæmˈpeɪn. ðə rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ɪz ˈkrɪtɪkəli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. bət, ɪn ðə ɛnd, ɪt ˈprɑbəˌbli hɛlpt məˈkeɪn ˈsɪmpli baɪ ˈdrɑpɪŋ ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi ɛz ðə ˈstɔri. foxnews*, əv kɔrs, læst wik dɪˈvoʊtɪd ə gʊd dil əv ɪts ˈdeɪli rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ tɪ ˈeɪkɔrn. "ˈɛniˌθɪŋ bət ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi" ʃʊd bi ðə ˈfoʊni nuz nu ˈmɑtoʊ. ju wɔnt tɪ noʊ ðə məˈkeɪn ˈmɛsɪʤ ˈstrætəʤi? wɔʧ fɑks. ðeɪ ˈɛksəˌkjut kæmˈpeɪn ˈɔrdərz wɪθ ðə ˈskɛri ˈdɪsəplən əv ˈpræktɪst ˌprɑpəˈgændəsts. bət ˈivɪn smɑrt, ər prəˈgrɛsɪv ˈmidiə hæv ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ ɔn mɔr ðən wən θɪŋ æt wən taɪm. ðeɪ wɔnt ðə ˈstɔri. ənd læst wik, ðə ˈstɔri wɑz, ɪn səm ˈɔrdər ər ˈəðər, məˈkeɪn kæmˈpeɪn ˈdərti trɪks (ˈreɪsɪst robocalls*), rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈɛfərts tɪ kip əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsɪtɪzənz frəm ˈvoʊtɪŋ, pur dəˈbeɪt pərˈfɔrməns, ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈkɑlɪʤ priˈdɪkʃənz, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. ðə stɑk ˈmɑrkɪt wɑz əp sˈlaɪtli baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðə wik, ənd ðə ˈaʊˌtreɪʤɪz əv ðə məˈkeɪn kæmˈpeɪn stoʊl ðə ʃoʊz. ðeɪ wər ɪˈnəf tɪ meɪk ɪt lɛs ðən ðə ˈstɔri. ənd hɛlpt məˈkeɪn, ɪf ˈoʊnli baɪ ə smɔl əˈmaʊnt. wɪʧ minz noʊ ˌɪnˈsɛnɪv fər ðə məˈkeɪn kæmp tɪ reɪn ɪn ðɛr ɪkˈstrimɪst ˈmɛsɪʤɪŋ. ðɪs ˈprɛzənts ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə kæmˈpeɪn wɪθ ə dɪˈlɛmə. teɪk ðə ˈfoʊkɪs ɔf ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi, ənd məˈkeɪn wɪl geɪn. liv ðə ənd ˈreɪsɪst ˈtæktɪks əv ðə məˈkeɪn kæmˈpeɪn ˌənəˈdrɛst, ənd məˈkeɪn wɪl geɪn. ðɪs taɪm, ðoʊ, ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə kæmˈpeɪn həz ˈsəmθɪŋ noʊ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk kæmˈpeɪn həz hæd ɪn ˈrisənt ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈsaɪkəlz: ə leɪt lɛd wɪθ ə ˈkʊʃən. ɪts ædˈvæntɪʤ ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛst fər ɪˈlɛktərəl voʊts minz ɪt kən kənˈsid ə brif, ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ædˈvæntɪʤ tɪ məˈkeɪn baɪ duɪŋ səm θɪŋz ðət dɪˈmɪnɪʃ ðə rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk nuz. ˈvɛri, ˈvɛri ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt θɪŋz. laɪk dɪˈmændɪŋ ðət ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈprɑsɪˌkjutər ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv rɑ, ˌɪˈligəl ənd ˌəndɛməˈkrætɪk əv ˈeɪkɔrn. goʊɪŋ tɪ teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ðə ˈkʊʃən tɪ meɪk ə ˈsɪmpəl pɔɪnt əˈbaʊt ðə əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən ənd ˈvoʊtər səˈprɛʃən ˈɛfərts əv ðə raɪt. əˈwɛr ðət wɪn məˈkeɪn meɪd hɪz prɪˈpɑstərəs "dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ ðə ˈfæbrɪk əv dɪˈmɑkrəsi" kleɪm əˈgɛnst ˈeɪkɔrn ɪn læst dəˈbeɪt, hi nu wət hi wɑz duɪŋ. hi wɑz dɪˈstræktɪŋ ˈvoʊtərz frəm ðə ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈstrɛs. ənd hi wɑz ˈstilɪŋ ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv ˌkɑndəmˈneɪʃən eɪmd baɪ ˌoʊˈbɑmə ənd ˈəðərz æt ˈvoʊtər səˈprɛʃən skimz. ɛz bæd ɛz ðə məˈkeɪn kæmˈpeɪn həz bɪn, nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈstupɪd. ðə "ˈfæbrɪk əv dɪˈmɑkrəsi" rɪˈmɑrk wɑz juzd ˈtæktɪkəli tɪ dɪˈmɪnɪʃ ðə ˌɪmˈpækt əv ˈɛni ˈkəvərɪʤ ðə ˈvoʊtər səˈprɛʃən ˈɛfərts maɪt rɪˈsiv. ˈvoʊtərz wɪl bi kənfˈjuzd əˈbaʊt ʤɪst hu ɪz ˈrɪpɪŋ sɛd ˈfæbrɪk. əˈwɛr əv ˈlɪtəl pleɪ, bət aɪ kɛr. ˈtæktɪkəl ˌprɑfɪˈlæktɪk ɪz θɪn. soʊ maɪ ˈsɪmpəl pɔɪnt: ɪn ə dɪˈmɑkrəsi, ˈvoʊtər səˈprɛʃən ʃʊd bi meɪd ə haɪ kraɪm ɔn ə ˈlɛvəl wɪθ ˈtrizən. ɪn fækt, aɪ θɪŋk ə ˈsɪstəm kən ˈivɪn bi kɔld ə dɪˈmɑkrəsi ənˈlɛs ɪt trits ɛz ə greɪt ənd ˈtɛrəbəl kraɪm ðə səˈprɛʃən, ˌɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən ər ɪkˈskluʒən əv ˈsɪtɪzənz frəm ɪˈlɛkʃənz. wɪn ˈvoʊtər ɪkˈskluʒən ɪz ˈtɑlərˌeɪtəd, ˈvoʊtɪŋ kən bɪˈkəm ˈlɪtəl mɔr ðən ə ˈprɪti ˈkərtən drɔn əˈkrɔs ðə ˈməsəld ˈɛfərts əv əˈθɔrəti tɪ hæv ɪts weɪ noʊ ˈmætər wət ðə ˈsɪtɪzənri maɪt prɪˈfər. bət ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə, ɪkˈskluʒən həz ə ˈkəlʧərəl ənd pəˈlɪtɪkəl ædˈvæntɪʤ ˈoʊvər ˌɪnˈkluʒən. ɪt tʊk jɪrz fər ˈwɪmən tɪ ərn ðə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz. ɪt wɑz 1965 ˌbiˈfɔr ˈfɔrməl ənd ˈligəl ˈbɛriərz tɪ ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkən pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən ɪn ɪˈlɛkʃənz wər riˈmuvd baɪ ðə ˈvoʊtɪŋ raɪts ækt. ˈdiməˌnaɪzɪŋ ə grup baɪ ˈkələr, rɪˈlɪʤən, ʤiˈɑgrəfi ər ˈivɪn pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈprɛfərəns ənd ðɛn ˈteɪkɪŋ stɛps tɪ kip ðə ˈdiməˌnaɪzd grup frəm ˈvoʊtɪŋ ðə nuz? bɪn dən sɪns ðə ˈfaʊndɪŋ əv ðə ˈneɪʃən. haʊ ˈpipəl əv ðə raɪt ˈmænɪʤ tɪ skwɛr ðɛr əˈvaʊd ləv əv dɪˈmɑkrəsi wɪθ ˈækʃənz ðət səbˈvərt ɪt ˈrɪli ðət bɪg ə ˈmɪstəri. ɪn ðə kənˈsərvətɪv worldview*, ˈoʊnli ˈsərtən ˈpipəl nu ðɛm ɛz ðə ɪˈlɛkt ʃʊd bi rɪˈgɑrdɪd ɛz fʊl ˈsɪtɪzənz. ðə fʊl ˈsɪtɪzənz bɪˈkəz ðeɪ ər lɛs ˈfeɪvərd baɪ gɑd ər ðə taʊn ˈfɑðərz. ɪn əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən maɪndz, səˈprɛsɪŋ ðə ˈvoʊtɪŋ raɪts əv ðɛr ˈneɪbərz bɪˈkəmz ɛˈsɛnʃəl tɪ prəˈtɛktɪŋ ləˈʤɪtəmət əˈθɔrəti wɪˈθɪn ə dɪˈmɑkrəsi. ðə səkˈsɛsfəl əv ðə ɪz ðɛn ˈteɪkən ɛz ə saɪn ðət gɑd ər mɔr ˈərθli əˈθɔrəti lʊks daʊn əˈpɑn ðə ˈvɪktɪmz əv səˈprɛʃən. ə nit ˈlɪtəl ˈmɛrigoʊˌraʊnd əv ˈlɑʤɪk. tɪ ɔl ju kənˈsərvətɪvz ˈbɪzi voʊts, ˈpæsɪŋ əˈlɔŋ ˈvoʊtər pərʤ lɪsts, kənˈtrɪbjutɪŋ ˈməni tɪ peɪ fər ˈreɪsɪst robocalls*, ˈhaɪrɪŋ kɑps tɪ pəˈtroʊl ðə poʊlz tɪ ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt ˈvoʊtərz, ˈrɪgɪŋ ˈvoʊtɪŋ məˈʃinz ənd ɔn ənd wən, aɪ seɪ ðɪs: ju bɪˈlɔŋ ɪn ˈprɪzən. |
the australian government was aware of the us national security agency's top-secret prism program at least two months before the guardian revealed its existence to the world.
a freedom of information request by the abc has confirmed officials in the attorney general's department prepared a secret briefing for the minister on prism in march 2013, more than two months before the first story was published revealing the electronic surveillance and data mining program undertaken covertly by us agencies.
the abc's request has confirmed that a protected brief was prepared for the australian attorney general on prism on 21 march 2013. that document was withheld from release by the attorney general's department on national security grounds.
the broadcaster was given access to three other documents related to prism. large chunks of the documents were redacted, including sections of talking points prepared for ministers and officials about what effect prism would have on the privacy of australians, and an analysis of media reporting on the issue.
australians remain none the wiser about how data collected under the program is used by intelligence agencies here.
the greens senator scott ludlam and the south australian senator nick xenophon pursued labor before the election about what the australian government knew about prism.
xenophon was particularly concerned to learn whether australian parliamentarians were being watched by intelligence agencies. but there were no clear answers.
ludlam asked questions on notice in the senate about prism and australia's knowledge of the controversial program, which were released again as part of the abc's request. senator joe ludwig responded to the questions on behalf of the attorney general, mark dreyfus.
ludwig told ludlam that all communications interception activities in australia undertaken by agencies were carried out in accordance with australian law, and the government did not comment on the law enforcement or intelligence capabilities of other governments.
ludlam said on tuesday: "the australian government has tried to be completely opaque about this. and what we find are attorneys general, either of the labor or the liberal variety, will just wave their hands and say 'national security', and that's meant to make you stop asking questions."
ludlam seems to have lost in his bid for to the senate in the 2013 election. he has sought a recount of the votes in western australia and will find out midweek if this request has been successful. | ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz əˈwɛr əv ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈeɪʤənsiz ˈtɔpˌsikrɪt ˈprɪzəm ˈproʊˌgræm æt list tu mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈgɑrdiən rɪˈvild ɪts ɪgˈzɪstəns tɪ ðə wərld. ə ˈfridəm əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən rɪkˈwɛst baɪ ðə ˈeɪˌbiˌsi həz kənˈfərmd əˈfɪʃəlz ɪn ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəlz dɪˈpɑrtmənt priˈpɛrd ə ˈsikrɪt ˈbrifɪŋ fər ðə ˈmɪnɪstər ɔn ˈprɪzəm ɪn mɑrʧ 2013 mɔr ðən tu mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr ðə fərst ˈstɔri wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt rɪˈvilɪŋ ðə ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk sərˈveɪləns ənd ˈdætə ˈmaɪnɪŋ ˈproʊˌgræm ˈəndərˌteɪkən koʊˈvərtli baɪ ˈjuˈɛs ˈeɪʤənsiz. ðə ˈeɪˌbiˌsiz rɪkˈwɛst həz kənˈfərmd ðət ə prəˈtɛktɪd brif wɑz priˈpɛrd fər ðə ɔˈstreɪljən əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ɔn ˈprɪzəm ɔn 21 mɑrʧ 2013 ðət ˈdɑkjəmɛnt wɑz wɪθˈhɛld frəm riˈlis baɪ ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəlz dɪˈpɑrtmənt ɔn ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti graʊnz. ðə ˈbrɔdˌkæstər wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ˈækˌsɛs tɪ θri ˈəðər ˈdɑkjəmənts rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈprɪzəm. lɑrʤ ʧəŋks əv ðə ˈdɑkjəmənts wər rɪˈdæktɪd, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈsɛkʃənz əv ˈtɔkɪŋ pɔɪnts priˈpɛrd fər ˈmɪnɪstərz ənd əˈfɪʃəlz əˈbaʊt wət ˈifɛkt ˈprɪzəm wʊd hæv ɔn ðə ˈpraɪvəsi əv ɔˈstreɪljənz, ənd ən æˈnælɪsɪs əv ˈmidiə rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu. ɔˈstreɪljənz rɪˈmeɪn nən ðə ˈwaɪzər əˈbaʊt haʊ ˈdætə kəˈlɛktəd ˈəndər ðə ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz juzd baɪ ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈeɪʤənsiz hir. ðə grinz ˈsɛnətər skɑt ˈlədləm ənd ðə saʊθ ɔˈstreɪljən ˈsɛnətər nɪk ˈzɛnəfən pərˈsud ˈleɪbər ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən əˈbaʊt wət ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt nu əˈbaʊt ˈprɪzəm. ˈzɛnəfən wɑz ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli kənˈsərnd tɪ lərn ˈwɛðər ɔˈstreɪljən ˌpɑrləmɛnˈtɛriənz wər biɪŋ wɔʧt baɪ ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈeɪʤənsiz. bət ðɛr wər noʊ klɪr ˈænsərz. ˈlədləm æst kˈwɛsʧənz ɔn ˈnoʊtɪs ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt əˈbaʊt ˈprɪzəm ənd ɔˈstreɪljəz ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ðə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈproʊˌgræm, wɪʧ wər riˈlist əˈgɛn ɛz pɑrt əv ðə ˈeɪˌbiˌsiz rɪkˈwɛst. ˈsɛnətər ʤoʊ ˈlədwɪg rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl, mɑrk ˈdreɪfəs. ˈlədwɪg toʊld ˈlədləm ðət ɔl kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˌɪnərˈsɛpʃən ækˈtɪvɪtiz ɪn ɔˈstreɪljə ˈəndərˌteɪkən baɪ ˈeɪʤənsiz wər ˈkɛrid aʊt ɪn əˈkɔrdəns wɪθ ɔˈstreɪljən lɔ, ənd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt dɪd nɑt ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ər ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz əv ˈəðər ˈgəvərnmənts. ˈlədləm sɛd ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ: "ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt həz traɪd tɪ bi kəmˈplitli oʊˈpeɪk əˈbaʊt ðɪs. ənd wət wi faɪnd ər əˈtərniz ˈʤɛnərəl, ˈiðər əv ðə ˈleɪbər ər ðə ˈlɪˌbərəl vərˈaɪəti, wɪl ʤɪst weɪv ðɛr hænz ənd seɪ 'ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti', ənd ðæts mɛnt tɪ meɪk ju stɑp ˈæskɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz." ˈlədləm simz tɪ hæv lɔst ɪn hɪz bɪd fər tɪ ðə ˈsɛnɪt ɪn ðə 2013 ɪˈlɛkʃən. hi həz sɔt ə ˌriˈkaʊnt əv ðə voʊts ɪn ˈwɛstərn ɔˈstreɪljə ənd wɪl faɪnd aʊt ˈmɪdˌwik ɪf ðɪs rɪkˈwɛst həz bɪn səkˈsɛsfəl. |
after a hiatus, “the exorcist” returns tonight, november 3!
the second season of “the exorcist” has taken marcus and tomas to a whole new location to battle a whole new demon, which means that season rance family has not in any way been part of the story. but will we see any of those season 1 characters pop up at all here in season 2?
yes, actually!
taking to twitter yesterday, creator jeremy slater posted a fun video teasing the return of actress hannah kasulka, who plays the daughter of angela rance aka regan macneil!
after seeing the video, we reached out to fox, who confirmed to us that it was indeed a teaser that casey rance will be back at some point this season.
in which episode, you ask? have to keep tuning in to find out! | ˈæftər ə haɪˈeɪtəs, exorcist”*” rɪˈtərnz təˈnaɪt, noʊˈvɛmbər 3 ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsizən əv exorcist”*” həz ˈteɪkən ˈmɑrkəs ənd toʊˈmɑs tɪ ə hoʊl nu loʊˈkeɪʃən tɪ ˈbætəl ə hoʊl nu ˈdimən, wɪʧ minz ðət ˈsizən ræns ˈfæməli həz nɑt ɪn ˈɛni weɪ bɪn pɑrt əv ðə ˈstɔri. bət wɪl wi si ˈɛni əv ðoʊz ˈsizən 1 ˈkɛrɪktərz pɑp əp æt ɔl hir ɪn ˈsizən 2 jɛs, ˈæˌkʧuəli! ˈteɪkɪŋ tɪ tˈwɪtər ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ, kriˈeɪtər ˈʤɛrəˌmi sˈleɪtər ˈpoʊstɪd ə fən ˈvɪdioʊ ˈtizɪŋ ðə rɪˈtərn əv ˈæktrəs ˈhænə kasulka*, hu pleɪz ðə ˈdɔtər əv ˈænʤələ ræns ˈɑkə ˈrigən məkˈnil! ˈæftər siɪŋ ðə ˈvɪdioʊ, wi riʧt aʊt tɪ fɑks, hu kənˈfərmd tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ðət ɪt wɑz ˌɪnˈdid ə ˈtizər ðət ˈkeɪsi ræns wɪl bi bæk æt səm pɔɪnt ðɪs ˈsizən. ɪn wɪʧ ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd, ju æsk? hæv tɪ kip ˈtunɪŋ ɪn tɪ faɪnd aʊt! |
sales of platinum games' vanquish, sports football manager 2011 and nintendo platforms game sonic in europe and north america were "slow", sega has said.
in its latest financial report the japanese company said demand for was "generally weak" in western markets.
why? because of "sluggish personal consumption". sega sold just under six million game units in europe, million in the us and million in japan and other regions.
according to a report, both vanquish and football manager 2011 failed to sell a million units.
vanquish, which launched in october last year, sold copies. sonic sold million. football manager 2011 for pc and was the third game with units sold in europe and north america.
football manager 2011 went straight in at the top of the chart last november. si boss miles jacobson said first weekend sales of the pc version beat those of pro evolution soccer 2011 on multiple formats.
looking to the future, sega said it needs to adapt to provide new content geared to social networking services and smartphones. guess we can expect more facebook and iphone games, then.
despite the doom and gloom, sega did well overall as a result of impressive performance from its pachinko and amusement segments. net sales for the first three quarters of its fiscal year ending march 2011 amounted to million (£2.3 billion), an increase of per cent for the same period in the previous fiscal year. operating income was million (£478 million), an increase of per cent for the same period. net income amounted to million (£279 million), an increase of per cent. | seɪlz əv ˈplætənəm geɪmz' ˈvæŋkwɪʃ, spɔrts ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˈmænɪʤər 2011 ənd nɪnˈtɛndoʊ ˈplætˌfɔrmz geɪm ˈsɑnɪk ɪn ˈjʊrəp ənd nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə wər "sloʊ", ˈsigə həz sɛd. ɪn ɪts ˈleɪtəst ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl rɪˈpɔrt ðə ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈkəmpəˌni sɛd dɪˈmænd fər wɑz "ˈʤɛnərəli wik" ɪn ˈwɛstərn ˈmɑrkɪts. waɪ? bɪˈkəz əv "sˈləgɪʃ ˈpərsɪnəl kənˈsəmʃən". ˈsigə soʊld ʤɪst ˈəndər sɪks ˈmɪljən geɪm ˈjunɪts ɪn ˈjʊrəp, ˈmɪljən ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ˈmɪljən ɪn ʤəˈpæn ənd ˈəðər ˈriʤənz. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə rɪˈpɔrt, boʊθ ˈvæŋkwɪʃ ənd ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˈmænɪʤər 2011 feɪld tɪ sɛl ə ˈmɪljən ˈjunɪts. ˈvæŋkwɪʃ, wɪʧ lɔnʧt ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər læst jɪr, soʊld ˈkɑpiz. ˈsɑnɪk soʊld ˈmɪljən. ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˈmænɪʤər 2011 fər ˈpiˈsi ənd wɑz ðə θərd geɪm wɪθ ˈjunɪts soʊld ɪn ˈjʊrəp ənd nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˈmænɪʤər 2011 wɛnt streɪt ɪn æt ðə tɔp əv ðə ʧɑrt læst noʊˈvɛmbər. si bɔs maɪəlz ˈʤeɪkəbsən sɛd fərst ˈwiˌkɪnd seɪlz əv ðə ˈpiˈsi ˈvərʒən bit ðoʊz əv proʊ ˌɛvəˈluʃən ˈsɑkər 2011 ɔn ˈməltəpəl ˈfɔrˌmæts. ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ ðə fˈjuʧər, ˈsigə sɛd ɪt nidz tɪ əˈdæpt tɪ prəˈvaɪd nu ˈkɑntɛnt gɪrd tɪ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ ˈsərvɪsɪz ənd smartphones*. gɛs wi kən ɪkˈspɛkt mɔr ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd ˈaɪˌfoʊn geɪmz, ðɛn. dɪˈspaɪt ðə dum ənd glum, ˈsigə dɪd wɛl ˈoʊvərˌɔl ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv pərˈfɔrməns frəm ɪts pəˈʧɪŋkoʊ ənd əmˈjuzmənt ˌsɛgˈmɛnts. nɛt seɪlz fər ðə fərst θri kˈwɔrtərz əv ɪts ˈfɪskəl jɪr ˈɛndɪŋ mɑrʧ 2011 əˈmaʊnɪd tɪ ˈmɪljən ˈbɪljən), ən ˌɪnˈkris əv pər sɛnt fər ðə seɪm ˈpɪriəd ɪn ðə ˈpriviəs ˈfɪskəl jɪr. ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈɪnˌkəm wɑz ˈmɪljən ˈmɪljən), ən ˌɪnˈkris əv pər sɛnt fər ðə seɪm ˈpɪriəd. nɛt ˈɪnˌkəm əˈmaʊnɪd tɪ ˈmɪljən ˈmɪljən), ən ˌɪnˈkris əv pər sɛnt. |
share. death comes in a variety of flavors. death comes in a variety of flavors.
imagine watching a horror film. its atmosphere and violence tug at your gut, inciting unease over the brutal suffering of characters you've grown to love. as you sit, perched on the edge of your chair, the hero stumbles down a hallway running from certain death that claws at his feet. at the last moment, just when he hopes to escape, he dies. a grisly death.
but he wasn't supposed to die at that particular point in the film. so you rewind the movie and the last 20 minutes leading into his untimely demise hoping that something changes along the way. this is the corpse party experience. for all its unique, gory, unsettling moments of horror, sudden "game overs" undo some of the tension that this download works so hard to build. and yet even in fits of frustration, the atmosphere of corpse party still haunts the mind and demonstrates the power of simple visuals paired with effective text and sound.
exit theatre mode
corpse party came into existence in 1996 when a team of independent japanese developers used the maker suite to craft a horror game. in the many years following, corpse party would return in different forms -- notably an upgraded remake that added new visuals, music, and characters to the original. the version of corpse party released on the playstation network represents this complete version, localized for the first time for a western audience.
the story of corpse party starts late at night in academy, a normal japanese high school. while telling ghost stories together, a group of students decide to perform a ritual to ensure their friendship endures over time. immediately after performing the incantations, an earthquake the school and the friends find themselves in the dilapidated heavenly host elementary school -- a building demolished decades earlier.
over the next 10 hours (give or take), your job is to keep these friends alive while navigating the cursed halls of heavenly host. blood, hunger, and betrayal threaten the sanity of each character and any action you take could lead right into death's waiting arms.
in keeping with corpse party's roots, the visuals you'll find here stay with simple and backgrounds, which might seem odd compared to modern horror games. but shortly after its opening sequence corpse party reveals its greatest strength: it gives you just enough details to chill you, and leaves the rest up to your imagination.
corpse party toys with text and sound in ways that most video games today just don't do. i couldn't imagine playing it without a pair of headphones. voices flicker and echo between your ears, black screens and textual cues ignite your senses of smell and touch -- even the music will react to the sight of a dead body. playing corpse party means investing as much time in reading and listening as you do in controlling a character and searching objects.
exit theatre mode
the frustration comes from hitting one of corpse party's many dead ends. you might interact with the wrong object, get caught by a ghost, or just do things out of order -- all lead to the actual death of the characters (in gruesome detail) and a reloaded save file. this might set you back 20 minutes, and with no way to skip previously read dialogue and cutscenes, repeated deaths can push even the most peaceful player to bouts of gaming rage.
this issue aggravates further because these deaths come at unexpected points with no warning to help protect players from a slight misstep. sometimes corpse party even tricks you into these dead ends. this might enhance the feeling of suspense during play, but it makes each death a serious time investment -- unusual for a portable platform normally reserved for sessions. | ʃɛr. dɛθ kəmz ɪn ə vərˈaɪəti əv ˈfleɪvərz. dɛθ kəmz ɪn ə vərˈaɪəti əv ˈfleɪvərz. ˌɪˈmæʤən ˈwɑʧɪŋ ə ˈhɔrər fɪlm. ɪts ˈætməsˌfɪr ənd ˈvaɪələns təg æt jʊr gət, ˌɪnˈsaɪtɪŋ əˈniz ˈoʊvər ðə ˈbrutəl ˈsəfərɪŋ əv ˈkɛrɪktərz juv groʊn tɪ ləv. ɛz ju sɪt, pərʧt ɔn ðə ɛʤ əv jʊr ʧɛr, ðə ˈhɪroʊ ˈstəmbəlz daʊn ə ˈhɔlˌweɪ ˈrənɪŋ frəm ˈsərtən dɛθ ðət klɔz æt hɪz fit. æt ðə læst ˈmoʊmənt, ʤɪst wɪn hi hoʊps tɪ ɪˈskeɪp, hi daɪz. ə ˈgrɪzli dɛθ. bət hi ˈwəzənt səˈpoʊzd tɪ daɪ æt ðət ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr pɔɪnt ɪn ðə fɪlm. soʊ ju ˈriwaɪnd ðə ˈmuvi ənd ðə læst 20 ˈmɪnəts ˈlidɪŋ ˈɪntu hɪz ənˈtaɪmli dɪˈmaɪz ˈhoʊpɪŋ ðət ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈʧeɪnʤɪz əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ. ðɪs ɪz ðə kɔrps ˈpɑrti ɪkˈspɪriəns. fər ɔl ɪts juˈnik, ˈgɔri, ənˈsɛtəlɪŋ ˈmoʊmənts əv ˈhɔrər, ˈsədən "geɪm ˈoʊvərz" ənˈdu səm əv ðə ˈtɛnʃən ðət ðɪs ˈdaʊnˌloʊd wərks soʊ hɑrd tɪ bɪld. ənd jɛt ˈivɪn ɪn fɪts əv frəˈstreɪʃən, ðə ˈætməsˌfɪr əv kɔrps ˈpɑrti stɪl hɔnts ðə maɪnd ənd ˈdɛmənˌstreɪts ðə paʊər əv ˈsɪmpəl ˈvɪʒwəlz pɛrd wɪθ ˈifɛktɪv tɛkst ənd saʊnd. ˈɛksət ˈθiətər moʊd kɔrps ˈpɑrti keɪm ˈɪntu ɪgˈzɪstəns ɪn 1996 wɪn ə tim əv ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˌʤæpəˈniz dɪˈvɛləpərz juzd ðə ˈmeɪkər swit tɪ kræft ə ˈhɔrər geɪm. ɪn ðə ˈmɛni jɪrz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ, kɔrps ˈpɑrti wʊd rɪˈtərn ɪn ˈdɪfərənt fɔrmz ˈnoʊtəbli ən ˈəpˌgreɪdɪd ˈriˈmeɪk ðət ˈædɪd nu ˈvɪʒwəlz, mˈjuzɪk, ənd ˈkɛrɪktərz tɪ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl. ðə ˈvərʒən əv kɔrps ˈpɑrti riˈlist ɔn ðə ˈpleɪˌsteɪʃən ˈnɛtˌwərk ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ðɪs kəmˈplit ˈvərʒən, ˈloʊkəˌlaɪzd fər ðə fərst taɪm fər ə ˈwɛstərn ˈɔdiəns. ðə ˈstɔri əv kɔrps ˈpɑrti stɑrts leɪt æt naɪt ɪn əˈkædəmi, ə ˈnɔrməl ˌʤæpəˈniz haɪ skul. waɪl ˈtɛlɪŋ goʊst ˈstɔriz təˈgɛðər, ə grup əv ˈstudənts ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ pərˈfɔrm ə ˈrɪʧuəl tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðɛr ˈfrɛndʃɪp ɪnˈdʊrz ˈoʊvər taɪm. ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈæftər pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ðə incantations*, ən ˈərθkˌweɪk ðə skul ənd ðə frɛndz faɪnd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ɪn ðə dɪˈlæpəˌdeɪtɪd ˈhɛvənli hoʊst ˌɛləˈmɛnʧri skul ə ˈbɪldɪŋ dɪˈmɑlɪʃt ˈdɛkeɪdz ˈərliər. ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst 10 aʊərz (gɪv ər teɪk), jʊr ʤɑb ɪz tɪ kip ðiz frɛndz əˈlaɪv waɪl ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪŋ ðə kərst hɔlz əv ˈhɛvənli hoʊst. bləd, ˈhəŋgər, ənd bɪˈtreɪəl θˈrɛtən ðə ˈsænəti əv iʧ ˈkɛrɪktər ənd ˈɛni ˈækʃən ju teɪk kʊd lɛd raɪt ˈɪntu dɛθs ˈweɪtɪŋ ɑrmz. ɪn ˈkipɪŋ wɪθ kɔrps ˈpɑrtiz ruts, ðə ˈvɪʒwəlz jul faɪnd hir steɪ wɪθ ˈsɪmpəl ənd ˈbækˌgraʊndz, wɪʧ maɪt sim ɑd kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ˈmɑdərn ˈhɔrər geɪmz. bət ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ɪts ˈoʊpənɪŋ ˈsikwəns kɔrps ˈpɑrti rɪˈvilz ɪts ˈgreɪtəst strɛŋθ: ɪt gɪvz ju ʤɪst ɪˈnəf ˈditeɪlz tɪ ʧɪl ju, ənd livz ðə rɛst əp tɪ jʊr ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən. kɔrps ˈpɑrti tɔɪz wɪθ tɛkst ənd saʊnd ɪn weɪz ðət moʊst ˈvɪdioʊ geɪmz təˈdeɪ ʤɪst doʊnt du. aɪ ˈkʊdənt ˌɪˈmæʤən pleɪɪŋ ɪt wɪˈθaʊt ə pɛr əv ˈhɛdˌfoʊnz. ˈvɔɪsɪz ˈflɪkər ənd ˈɛkoʊ bɪtˈwin jʊr ɪrz, blæk skrinz ənd ˈtɛksˌʧuəl kjuz ˌɪgˈnaɪt jʊr ˈsɛnsɪz əv smɛl ənd təʧ ˈivɪn ðə mˈjuzɪk wɪl riækt tɪ ðə saɪt əv ə dɛd ˈbɑdi. pleɪɪŋ kɔrps ˈpɑrti minz ˌɪnˈvɛstɪŋ ɛz məʧ taɪm ɪn ˈrɛdɪŋ ənd ˈlɪsənɪŋ ɛz ju du ɪn kənˈtroʊlɪŋ ə ˈkɛrɪktər ənd ˈsərʧɪŋ ˈɑbʤɛkts. ˈɛksət ˈθiətər moʊd ðə frəˈstreɪʃən kəmz frəm ˈhɪtɪŋ wən əv kɔrps ˈpɑrtiz ˈmɛni dɛd ɛndz. ju maɪt ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ ðə rɔŋ ˈɑbʤɛkt, gɪt kɔt baɪ ə goʊst, ər ʤɪst du θɪŋz aʊt əv ˈɔrdər ɔl lɛd tɪ ðə ˈækʧəwəl dɛθ əv ðə ˈkɛrɪktərz (ɪn ˈgrusəm ˈditeɪl) ənd ə ˌriˈloʊdɪd seɪv faɪl. ðɪs maɪt sɛt ju bæk 20 ˈmɪnəts, ənd wɪθ noʊ weɪ tɪ skɪp ˈpriviəsli rɛd ˈdaɪəˌlɔg ənd cutscenes*, rɪˈpitɪd dɛθs kən pʊʃ ˈivɪn ðə moʊst ˈpisfəl pleɪər tɪ baʊts əv ˈgeɪmɪŋ reɪʤ. ðɪs ˈɪʃu ˈægrəˌveɪts ˈfərðər bɪˈkəz ðiz dɛθs kəm æt ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd pɔɪnts wɪθ noʊ ˈwɔrnɪŋ tɪ hɛlp prəˈtɛkt pleɪərz frəm ə slaɪt mɪˈstɛp. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz kɔrps ˈpɑrti ˈivɪn trɪks ju ˈɪntu ðiz dɛd ɛndz. ðɪs maɪt ɛnˈhæns ðə ˈfilɪŋ əv səˈspɛns ˈdʊrɪŋ pleɪ, bət ɪt meɪks iʧ dɛθ ə ˈsɪriəs taɪm ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ənˈjuˌʒuəl fər ə ˈpɔrtəbəl ˈplætˌfɔrm ˈnɔrməli rɪˈzərvd fər ˈsɛʃənz. |
this report analyzes the u.s. and allied campaign against the al terrorist group al in somalia, examines what steps have been most successful against the group, and identifies potential recommendations. it concludes that, while al was weakened between 2011 and 2016, the group could if urgent steps are not taken to address the political, economic, and governance challenges at the heart of the conflict.
this study finds that a tailored engagement strategy which involved deploying a small number of u.s. special operations forces to conduct targeted strikes, provide intelligence, and build the capacity of local partner forces to conduct ground operations was key in degrading al. still, progress in somalia is reversible in the absence of continued and consistent pressure and political, economic, and social reforms.
today's terrorism and insurgency landscape defies easy solutions, with challenges from the islamic state, al qa'ida, and other groups across the middle east, europe, asia, and africa. while there has been a significant focus on how and why the u.s. and other western governments have failed to degrade terrorists and insurgents in iraq, syria, afghanistan, libya, and other countries, there has been far less attention on successful efforts to degrade groups. in somalia, there has been limited progress. the challenge will be preventing a reversal. | ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt ˈænəˌlaɪzɪz ðə juz. ənd ˈæˌlaɪd kæmˈpeɪn əˈgɛnst ðə æl ˈtɛrərɪst grup æl ɪn səˈmɑljə, ɪgˈzæmənz wət stɛps hæv bɪn moʊst səkˈsɛsfəl əˈgɛnst ðə grup, ənd aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪz pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃənz. ɪt kənˈkludz ðət, waɪl æl wɑz ˈwikənd bɪtˈwin 2011 ənd 2016 ðə grup kʊd ɪf ˈərʤənt stɛps ər nɑt ˈteɪkən tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl, ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk, ənd ˈgəvərnəns ˈʧælənʤɪz æt ðə hɑrt əv ðə ˈkɑnflɪkt. ðɪs ˈstədi faɪndz ðət ə ˈteɪlərd ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt ˈstrætəʤi wɪʧ ˌɪnˈvɑlvd dɪˈplɔɪɪŋ ə smɔl ˈnəmbər əv juz. ˈspɛʃəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ˈfɔrsɪz tɪ ˈkɑndəkt ˈtɑrgətɪd straɪks, prəˈvaɪd ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns, ənd bɪld ðə kəˈpæsɪti əv ˈloʊkəl ˈpɑrtnər ˈfɔrsɪz tɪ ˈkɑndəkt graʊnd ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz wɑz ki ɪn dɪˈgreɪdɪŋ æl. stɪl, ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn səˈmɑljə ɪz rɪˈvərsəbəl ɪn ðə ˈæbsəns əv kənˈtɪnjud ənd kənˈsɪstənt ˈprɛʃər ənd pəˈlɪtɪkəl, ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk, ənd ˈsoʊʃəl rɪˈfɔrmz. ˈtudeɪz ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ənd ˌɪnˈsərʤənsi ˈlænˌskeɪp dɪˈfaɪz ˈizi səˈluʃənz, wɪθ ˈʧælənʤɪz frəm ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt, æl qa'ida*, ənd ˈəðər grups əˈkrɔs ðə ˈmɪdəl ist, ˈjʊrəp, ˈeɪʒə, ənd ˈæfrɪkɑ. waɪl ðɛr həz bɪn ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn haʊ ənd waɪ ðə juz. ənd ˈəðər ˈwɛstərn ˈgəvərnmənts hæv feɪld tɪ dɪˈgreɪd ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ənd ˌɪnˈsərʤənts ɪn ˌɪˈrɑk, ˈsɪriə, æfˈgænəˌstæn, ˈlɪˌbiə, ənd ˈəðər ˈkəntriz, ðɛr həz bɪn fɑr lɛs əˈtɛnʃən ɔn səkˈsɛsfəl ˈɛfərts tɪ dɪˈgreɪd grups. ɪn səˈmɑljə, ðɛr həz bɪn ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈprɑˌgrɛs. ðə ˈʧælənʤ wɪl bi prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ə rɪˈvərsəl. |
bill maurer is an anthropologist at the university of california, irvine. he is one of a few scientists of the arts who researched virtual currencies like. in this interview he explains what can tell us about money in the early century and why he finds it weird to think that money needs to be a commodity.
“ and from the beginning it was clear that have to research this!”
hello bill. an anthropologist researching money and. how does this stick together? what question do the arts have for?
yes, an anthropologist. almost all of my research was about law and economy. i was looking at finance, how the offshore economy was received in local communities in the caribbean, and that got me interested thinking more deeply about money. how do people understand money? how do they use money to express ideologies or to foster relationships?
in i researched the interface between money and new technologies. when came along, i was in the middle of a study about mobile phones and money in africa. we were thinking about the implications of mobile phones on money. how do digital transactions change the conversations about mobile money, not in terms of security or encryption, but more in terms of cultural effects?
and then came. i remember clearly: i was sitting in a cafe, working on something else with my students. then someone told us about, we downloaded the original satoshi describing the concept, and from the beginning it was clear that have to research this.
what was the question of your research?
the first questions were: what is it? and why is it so interesting for people? we talked to technologists and scientists and found out that promises a future of nearly real time transactions, but in fact it will never be as fast as credit cards. and yet it is something a lot of people are interested in and invested money in. why? what can tell us about money in the early century? why are people talking about money again?
why in this specific historical moment had money become an issue again? how was capturing so much attention in this moment in the history of money.
“can we remake money? how can we make it different?”
one of the most disturbing experiences most people make with is that nobody is neutral. everybody seems to be ideologically and emotionally involved. did you find an explanation why?
yes, i feel the same. the high level of emotional investment tells you something about the fact that money right now is being profoundly ungrounded. it is up for question. since the end of world war money had been relatively stable in minds. but with the rise of the internet and mobile and social computing, people are starting to think, if money is just data, just bits and bytes, can we remake money? how can we make it different? how can we think about it and value it?
there have been several different ways of thinking about money, different theories. reflects one of them. for several centuries the state was in the possession of the means of money making, but with the internet, we can do it ourselves. this is not an idea brought into the world, it has existed for some time. do you know the lets movement?
no, what is it?
it stands for local exchange trading system.
ah, in germany we call ittauschring”, i think.
yes, wikipedia confirms this. is very similar to them. the lets usually depend on a central account keeper. is similar in that it depends on accounts-keeping, but it eliminates the need for a central authority keeping track of transactions. so one strand of is very much like lets, and mutualistic, but in the same time, and a point of contradiction, is doing this without the need for trust. community means usually trust, trust in leaders, in the people making up the community, but in just trust in code.
on the other side, what is also interesting with, is that it continues a long history of thinking money as a natural commodity like gold.
what does that mean?
this line of thought thinks that money to be valuable it needs to be a commodity and it needs to be scarce. in the history of money this is a weird decision.
sorry? what?
it’s weird because money has depended for a long time on credit and debt. in the west we also have over the centuries the imagination of money as a natural commodity.
you think money as a commodity is not a realistic option, but a wish and imagination?
yes, it goes back to our origin story of money in the west. in our origin story, it begins with bartering, but barter becomes difficult, when i have what you need. so the idea is that we need some kind of standard of value everyone can agree to. here it gets tricky, for people who believe in money as a natural commodity, that people like something like gold and silver as money, because rare and shiny
“that money needs to be scarce however is an idea from.”
but gold and silver have been used for a long time as money.
it was not used as much as people think. all you need is a system of [= i owe u], what means debts. the babylonians mostly recorded transactions on tablets, without the need for gold and silver. they used a system of receipts, without needing money. they did start valuing this things with silver only because silver was brought to temples and useful for this purpose. money is really more about accounting than about having a natural commodity to use in exchange.
and? is it not money in this sense?
what’s really interesting now is that, as a currency, is scarce and follows the same kind of logic than gold, but on the other side, we have the, that is like an ancient recording system. like the early babylonians used. but itself, the currency, the way satoshi designed it, he designed it as scarce, and that captured imaginations because it reminded them of our origin story about gold.
so the is more like a chimera of money?
i know if i would use that word. i think that is really a store of money. that money needs to be scarce however is an idea from, you know the term? is money for digital. but the itself is pretty interesting. not a chimera, an interesting contractual technology.
goldbugs is a term for people that only trust scarce resources like gold but not fiat-money. mostly they are rooted in libertarian ideologies, which are also strong in communities. did you research the connection between libertarians and?
bitcoin started with people imagining money without a state. that is a libertarian idea. even was founded by libertarians, by people that thought will be the start of the end of money. then it met the idea that the internet can unleash a world without a state, which is silly, because the internet is a product of the state.
we are in a historical time where libertarians are on the rise, they gain traction in a generalized discourse about theories of economic crisis.
this may be in the us. in europe it seems more that some kind of gain traction, but they are not necessarily bound to libertarian ideas. in germany the new are connected to libertarian ideas, while in france the front national is more socialistic
really? europe is crazy. in the us we have a strong movement for libertarian ideas as a result of explanations of the economic crisis, what is crazy, since it was a result of the free market
how about other ideologies in communities? is it only, or do you see other strong ideologies?
i guess libertarians are really the dominant strain of participants in the world. but there also are people property itself, like ethereum, and this seems related to but different from the of others in the communities. there is also a more strain. the ideologies are not necessarily restricted to, but in general i would say, reflects the imaginations of the internet: the idea that the internet allows us to build things ourselves. this ignores the fact that we build things not by ourselves, but through google and facebook and internet service providers and the like, and these companies in fact support the state and are supported by it. people know this but they still think and say, yes, we are directly connected to one another through the internet and we can do we want—ourselves. | bɪl ˈmɔrər ɪz ən ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪst æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, ˈərvaɪn. hi ɪz wən əv ə fju ˈsaɪəntɪsts əv ðə ɑrts hu riˈsərʧt ˈvərʧuəl ˈkərənsiz laɪk. ɪn ðɪs ˈɪntərvˌju hi ɪkˈspleɪnz wət kən tɛl ˈjuˈɛs əˈbaʊt ˈməni ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri ənd waɪ hi faɪndz ɪt wɪrd tɪ θɪŋk ðət ˈməni nidz tɪ bi ə kəˈmɑdəti. ənd frəm ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɪt wɑz klɪr ðət hæv tɪ ˈrisərʧ this!”*!” hɛˈloʊ bɪl. ən ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪst riˈsərʧɪŋ ˈməni ənd. haʊ dɪz ðɪs stɪk təˈgɛðər? wət kˈwɛʃən du ðə ɑrts hæv fər? jɛs, ən ˌænθrəˈpɑləʤɪst. ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɔl əv maɪ ˈrisərʧ wɑz əˈbaʊt lɔ ənd ɪˈkɑnəmi. aɪ wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ˈfaɪˌnæns, haʊ ðə ˈɔfˈʃɔr ɪˈkɑnəmi wɑz rɪˈsivd ɪn ˈloʊkəl kəmˈjunɪtiz ɪn ðə ˌkɛrɪˈbiən, ənd ðət gɑt mi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ˈθɪŋkɪŋ mɔr ˈdipli əˈbaʊt ˈməni. haʊ du ˈpipəl ˌəndərˈstænd ˈməni? haʊ du ðeɪ juz ˈməni tɪ ɪkˈsprɛs ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤiz ər tɪ ˈfɑstər riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps? ɪn aɪ riˈsərʧt ðə ˈɪnərˌfeɪs bɪtˈwin ˈməni ənd nu tɛkˈnɑləʤiz. wɪn keɪm əˈlɔŋ, aɪ wɑz ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ə ˈstədi əˈbaʊt ˈmoʊbəl foʊnz ənd ˈməni ɪn ˈæfrɪkɑ. wi wər ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz əv ˈmoʊbəl foʊnz ɔn ˈməni. haʊ du ˈdɪʤɪtəl trænˈzækʃənz ʧeɪnʤ ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz əˈbaʊt ˈmoʊbəl ˈməni, nɑt ɪn tərmz əv sɪˈkjʊrəti ər ɛnˈkrɪpʃən, bət mɔr ɪn tərmz əv ˈkəlʧərəl ˈifɛkts? ənd ðɛn keɪm. aɪ rɪˈmɛmbər ˈklɪrli: aɪ wɑz ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn ə kəˈfeɪ, ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛls wɪθ maɪ ˈstudənts. ðɛn ˈsəmˌwən toʊld ˈjuˈɛs əˈbaʊt, wi ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd ðə ərˈɪʤənəl sɑˈtoʊʃi dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt, ənd frəm ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɪt wɑz klɪr ðət hæv tɪ ˈrisərʧ ðɪs. wət wɑz ðə kˈwɛʃən əv jʊr ˈrisərʧ? ðə fərst kˈwɛsʧənz wər: wət ɪz ɪt? ənd waɪ ɪz ɪt soʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ fər ˈpipəl? wi tɔkt tɪ ˌtɛkˈnɑləʤɪsts ənd ˈsaɪəntɪsts ənd faʊnd aʊt ðət ˈprɑməsəz ə fˈjuʧər əv ˈnɪrli ril taɪm trænˈzækʃənz, bət ɪn fækt ɪt wɪl ˈnɛvər bi ɛz fæst ɛz ˈkrɛdɪt kɑrdz. ənd jɛt ɪt ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ ə lɔt əv ˈpipəl ər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ənd ˌɪnˈvɛstɪd ˈməni ɪn. waɪ? wət kən tɛl ˈjuˈɛs əˈbaʊt ˈməni ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsɛnʧəri? waɪ ər ˈpipəl ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈməni əˈgɛn? waɪ ɪn ðɪs spɪˈsɪfɪk hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈmoʊmənt hæd ˈməni bɪˈkəm ən ˈɪʃu əˈgɛn? haʊ wɑz ˈkæpʧərɪŋ soʊ məʧ əˈtɛnʃən ɪn ðɪs ˈmoʊmənt ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈməni. wi ˈriˈmeɪk ˈməni? haʊ kən wi meɪk ɪt different?”*?” wən əv ðə moʊst dɪˈstərbɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz moʊst ˈpipəl meɪk wɪθ ɪz ðət ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi ɪz ˈnutrəl. ˈɛvriˌbɑdi simz tɪ bi ˌaɪdiəˈlɑʤɪkli ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd. dɪd ju faɪnd ən ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən waɪ? jɛs, aɪ fil ðə seɪm. ðə haɪ ˈlɛvəl əv ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt tɛlz ju ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə fækt ðət ˈməni raɪt naʊ ɪz biɪŋ proʊˈfaʊndli ungrounded*. ɪt ɪz əp fər kˈwɛʃən. sɪns ðə ɛnd əv wərld wɔr ˈməni hæd bɪn ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈsteɪbəl ɪn maɪndz. bət wɪθ ðə raɪz əv ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ənd ˈmoʊbəl ənd ˈsoʊʃəl kəmˈpjutɪŋ, ˈpipəl ər ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ θɪŋk, ɪf ˈməni ɪz ʤɪst ˈdætə, ʤɪst bɪts ənd baɪts, kən wi ˈriˈmeɪk ˈməni? haʊ kən wi meɪk ɪt ˈdɪfərənt? haʊ kən wi θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪt ənd ˈvælju ɪt? ðɛr hæv bɪn ˈsɛvərəl ˈdɪfərənt weɪz əv ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈməni, ˈdɪfərənt ˈθɪriz. rɪˈflɛkts wən əv ðɛm. fər ˈsɛvərəl ˈsɛnʧəriz ðə steɪt wɑz ɪn ðə pəˈzɛʃən əv ðə minz əv ˈməni ˈmeɪkɪŋ, bət wɪθ ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, wi kən du ɪt ɑrˈsɛlvz. ðɪs ɪz nɑt ən aɪˈdiə brɔt ˈɪntu ðə wərld, ɪt həz ɪgˈzɪstəd fər səm taɪm. du ju noʊ ðə lɛts ˈmuvmənt? noʊ, wət ɪz ɪt? ɪt stændz fər ˈloʊkəl ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈsɪstəm. ɑ, ɪn ˈʤərməni wi kɔl ɪt ““tauschring”*”, aɪ θɪŋk. jɛs, ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə kənˈfərmz ðɪs. ɪz ˈvɛri ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðɛm. ðə lɛts ˈjuʒəwəli dɪˈpɛnd ɔn ə ˈsɛntrəl əˈkaʊnt ˈkipər. ɪz ˈsɪmələr ɪn ðət ɪt dɪˈpɛndz ɔn accounts-keeping*, bət ɪt ɪˈlɪməˌneɪts ðə nid fər ə ˈsɛntrəl əˈθɔrəti ˈkipɪŋ træk əv trænˈzækʃənz. soʊ wən strænd əv ɪz ˈvɛri məʧ laɪk lɛts, ənd mutualistic*, bət ɪn ðə seɪm taɪm, ənd ə pɔɪnt əv ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkʃən, ɪz duɪŋ ðɪs wɪˈθaʊt ðə nid fər trəst. kəmˈjunɪti minz ˈjuʒəwəli trəst, trəst ɪn ˈlidərz, ɪn ðə ˈpipəl ˈmeɪkɪŋ əp ðə kəmˈjunɪti, bət ɪn ʤɪst trəst ɪn koʊd. ɔn ðə ˈəðər saɪd, wət ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ wɪθ, ɪz ðət ɪt kənˈtɪnjuz ə lɔŋ ˈhɪstəri əv ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ˈməni ɛz ə ˈnæʧərəl kəˈmɑdəti laɪk goʊld. wət dɪz ðət min? ðɪs laɪn əv θɔt θɪŋks ðət ˈməni tɪ bi ˈvæljəbəl ɪt nidz tɪ bi ə kəˈmɑdəti ənd ɪt nidz tɪ bi skɛrs. ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈməni ðɪs ɪz ə wɪrd dɪˈsɪʒən. ˈsɑri? wət? wɪrd bɪˈkəz ˈməni həz dɪˈpɛndɪd fər ə lɔŋ taɪm ɔn ˈkrɛdɪt ənd dɛt. ɪn ðə wɛst wi ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz ðə ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən əv ˈməni ɛz ə ˈnæʧərəl kəˈmɑdəti. ju θɪŋk ˈməni ɛz ə kəˈmɑdəti ɪz nɑt ə ˌriəˈlɪstɪk ˈɔpʃən, bət ə wɪʃ ənd ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən? jɛs, ɪt goʊz bæk tɪ ɑr ˈɔrəʤən ˈstɔri əv ˈməni ɪn ðə wɛst. ɪn ɑr ˈɔrəʤən ˈstɔri, ɪt bɪˈgɪnz wɪθ ˈbɑrtərɪŋ, bət ˈbɑrtər bɪˈkəmz ˈdɪfəkəlt, wɪn aɪ hæv wət ju nid. soʊ ðə aɪˈdiə ɪz ðət wi nid səm kaɪnd əv ˈstændərd əv ˈvælju ˈɛvriˌwən kən əˈgri tɪ. hir ɪt gɪts ˈtrɪki, fər ˈpipəl hu bɪˈliv ɪn ˈməni ɛz ə ˈnæʧərəl kəˈmɑdəti, ðət ˈpipəl laɪk ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk goʊld ənd ˈsɪlvər ɛz ˈməni, bɪˈkəz rɛr ənd ˈʃaɪni ˈməni nidz tɪ bi skɛrs ˌhaʊˈɛvər ɪz ən aɪˈdiə frəm goldbugs.”*.” bət goʊld ənd ˈsɪlvər hæv bɪn juzd fər ə lɔŋ taɪm ɛz ˈməni. ɪt wɑz nɑt juzd ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈpipəl θɪŋk. ɔl ju nid ɪz ə ˈsɪstəm əv aɪ oʊ ju], wət minz dɛts. ðə ˌbæbəˈloʊniənz ˈmoʊstli rɪˈkɔrdɪd trænˈzækʃənz ɔn ˈtæbləts, wɪˈθaʊt ðə nid fər goʊld ənd ˈsɪlvər. ðeɪ juzd ə ˈsɪstəm əv rɪˈsits, wɪˈθaʊt ˈnidɪŋ ˈməni. ðeɪ dɪd stɑrt ˈvæljuɪŋ ðɪs θɪŋz wɪθ ˈsɪlvər ˈoʊnli bɪˈkəz ˈsɪlvər wɑz brɔt tɪ ˈtɛmpəlz ənd ˈjusfəl fər ðɪs ˈpərpəs. ˈməni ɪz ˈrɪli mɔr əˈbaʊt əˈkaʊnɪŋ ðən əˈbaʊt ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈnæʧərəl kəˈmɑdəti tɪ juz ɪn ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ. ənd? ɪz ɪt nɑt ˈməni ɪn ðɪs sɛns? ˈrɪli ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ naʊ ɪz ðət, ɛz ə ˈkərənsi, ɪz skɛrs ənd ˈfɑloʊz ðə seɪm kaɪnd əv ˈlɑʤɪk ðən goʊld, bət ɔn ðə ˈəðər saɪd, wi hæv ðə, ðət ɪz laɪk ən ˈeɪnʧənt rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ˈsɪstəm. laɪk ðə ˈərli ˌbæbəˈloʊniənz juzd. bət ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ðə ˈkərənsi, ðə weɪ sɑˈtoʊʃi dɪˈzaɪnd ɪt, hi dɪˈzaɪnd ɪt ɛz skɛrs, ənd ðət ˈkæpʧərd ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃənz bɪˈkəz ɪt riˈmaɪndɪd ðɛm əv ɑr ˈɔrəʤən ˈstɔri əˈbaʊt goʊld. soʊ ðə ɪz mɔr laɪk ə ʧɪˈmɛrə əv ˈməni? aɪ noʊ ɪf aɪ wʊd juz ðət wərd. aɪ θɪŋk ðət ɪz ˈrɪli ə stɔr əv ˈməni. ðət ˈməni nidz tɪ bi skɛrs ˌhaʊˈɛvər ɪz ən aɪˈdiə frəm, ju noʊ ðə tərm? ɪz ˈməni fər ˈdɪʤɪtəl. bət ðə ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz ˈprɪti ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ. nɑt ə ʧɪˈmɛrə, ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ kənˈtrækʧuəl tɛkˈnɑləʤi. ɪz ə tərm fər ˈpipəl ðət ˈoʊnli trəst skɛrs ˈrisɔrsɪz laɪk goʊld bət nɑt fiat-money*. ˈmoʊstli ðeɪ ər ˈrutɪd ɪn ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤiz, wɪʧ ər ˈɔlsoʊ strɔŋ ɪn kəmˈjunɪtiz. dɪd ju ˈrisərʧ ðə kəˈnɛkʃən bɪtˈwin ˌlɪbərˈtɛˌriənz ənd? ˈstɑrtɪd wɪθ ˈpipəl ˌɪˈmæʤənɪŋ ˈməni wɪˈθaʊt ə steɪt. ðət ɪz ə ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən aɪˈdiə. ˈivɪn wɑz ˈfaʊndɪd baɪ ˌlɪbərˈtɛˌriənz, baɪ ˈpipəl ðət θɔt wɪl bi ðə stɑrt əv ðə ɛnd əv ˈməni. ðɛn ɪt mɛt ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt kən ənˈliʃ ə wərld wɪˈθaʊt ə steɪt, wɪʧ ɪz ˈsɪli, bɪˈkəz ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ɪz ə ˈprɑdəkt əv ðə steɪt. wi ər ɪn ə hɪˈstɔrɪkəl taɪm wɛr ˌlɪbərˈtɛˌriənz ər ɔn ðə raɪz, ðeɪ geɪn ˈtrækʃən ɪn ə ˈʤɛnərəˌlaɪzd ˈdɪskɔrs əˈbaʊt ˈθɪriz əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈkraɪsəs. ðɪs meɪ bi ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs. ɪn ˈjʊrəp ɪt simz mɔr ðət səm kaɪnd əv geɪn ˈtrækʃən, bət ðeɪ ər nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli baʊnd tɪ ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən aɪˈdiəz. ɪn ˈʤərməni ðə nu ər kəˈnɛktɪd tɪ ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən aɪˈdiəz, waɪl ɪn fræns ðə frənt ˈnæʃənəl ɪz mɔr ˌsoʊʃəˈlɪstɪk ˈrɪli? ˈjʊrəp ɪz ˈkreɪzi. ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs wi hæv ə strɔŋ ˈmuvmənt fər ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən aɪˈdiəz ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃənz əv ðə ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈkraɪsəs, wət ɪz ˈkreɪzi, sɪns ɪt wɑz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ðə fri ˈmɑrkɪt haʊ əˈbaʊt ˈəðər ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤiz ɪn kəmˈjunɪtiz? ɪz ɪt ˈoʊnli, ər du ju si ˈəðər strɔŋ ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤiz? aɪ gɛs ˌlɪbərˈtɛˌriənz ər ˈrɪli ðə ˈdɑmənənt streɪn əv pɑrˈtɪsəpənts ɪn ðə wərld. bət ðɛr ˈɔlsoʊ ər ˈpipəl ˈprɑpərti ˌɪtˈsɛlf, laɪk ethereum*, ənd ðɪs simz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ bət ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðə əv ˈəðərz ɪn ðə kəmˈjunɪtiz. ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə mɔr streɪn. ðə ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤiz ər nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli riˈstrɪktɪd tɪ, bət ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl aɪ wʊd seɪ, rɪˈflɛkts ðə ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃənz əv ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt: ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt əˈlaʊz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ bɪld θɪŋz ɑrˈsɛlvz. ðɪs ˌɪgˈnɔrz ðə fækt ðət wi bɪld θɪŋz nɑt baɪ ɑrˈsɛlvz, bət θru ˈgugəl ənd ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈsərvɪs prəˈvaɪdərz ənd ðə laɪk, ənd ðiz ˈkəmpəˌniz ɪn fækt səˈpɔrt ðə steɪt ənd ər səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ɪt. ˈpipəl noʊ ðɪs bət ðeɪ stɪl θɪŋk ənd seɪ, jɛs, wi ər dɪˈrɛkli kəˈnɛktɪd tɪ wən əˈnəðər θru ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt ənd wi kən du wi want—ourselves*. |
a broward sheriff's deputy finds himself suspended without pay and facing a felony charge after being accused of shoplifting everyday household items from two in coral springs, according to records obtained friday by the sun sentinel.
surveillance video shows deputy dean, 46, shoplifting on seven occasions, investigators say. he was in uniform one of the times and drove away with his stolen goods in a marked patrol car three other times, records show.
a veteran of the agency, was arrested tuesday and spent a night in jail before posting $3,500 bond on a felony charge of scheme to property under $20,000, records show.
"in review of the video ... the theft was apparent and intentional," an affidavit said. "the thefts were committed both in and out of uniform." sheriff's officials would not provide the videos to the sun sentinel friday.
korenic, of margate, was suspended without pay tuesday. he makes $72,735. was initially suspended with pay when he was first advised of the investigation on june 6.
on the alleged shopping list: cool water cologne, jergens lotion, papertowels, disposable razors, detergent, syrup, toothpaste, bar soap, a canister of maxwell house coffee and a carton of eggs.
broward sheriff's deputy dean. deputy dean. (broward sheriff's) (broward sheriff's)
"it's discouraging to see and read and hear about," sheriff scott israel said. "he disgraced the badge, but at this time i choose to focus on the men and women in our public corruption unit whose job it is to investigate deputies who don't do everything the right way. they got right to it, they investigated it thoroughly. we're not going to tolerate police misconduct and deputies committing illegal acts."
despite four voicemail messages left on's home and cellphones, he could not be reached for comment. it was unclear if he had an attorney. the police union generally doesn't provide lawyers for law enforcement charged with crimes not associated with their jobs.
it's discouraging to see and read and hear about. he disgraced the badge. broward sheriff scott israel
although each alleged theft was for minor amounts $34.13 on may 13, $49.54 on may 27 and $7.27 on june 16 all totaled the scheme adds up to a felony punishable by up to 5 years in prison.
the deputy had a system, according to an affidavit in support of his arrest warrant.
he would do his shopping, go to a and scan some items but not all. would slip the items into his shopping bag and leave the store, the affidavit said.
the first alleged theft was committed may 13 at a walmart located at 6001 coral ridge drive. when struck there again on may 23 he was wearing "a green short sleeve class b uniform," the affidavit said.
when returned june 3 he was dressed in "civilian attire" but drove his marked cruiser. his final shoplifting spree at that store was june 18, records show.
two of the three times stole from a walmart at 3801 turtle creek drive he left in his patrol car. he wore street clothes each time may 27, june 5 and june 16, the affidavit said.
store security picked up on on june 3 when he was seen concealing a bottle of cologne in a pair of grey slippers. a officer followed him to the parking lot and saw him get into a patrol car. the officer took down the plate and car numbers, records show.
a manager next performed an audit of the debit card used and came up with numerous transactions which helped investigators identify's other alleged thefts.
"korenic was readily identified via video, his tattoos and by the use of his personal chase debit card," detective joshua web wrote in the affidavit.
the videos could not be released friday, a sheriff's spokeswoman said, because the detective working the case had them and would not return to the office until monday.
investigators on june 6 picked up from an off-duty detail at the central terminal for broward county transit in downtown fort lauderdale and took him to the sheriff's internal affairs office.
while was advised of the investigation and suspended with pay, detectives searched the trunk of his patrol car. there they found a pair of gray slippers in a walmart bag. and in the driver's door pocket was bottle of jergens lotion.
tealanez@sunsentinel.com, or twitter | ə braʊərd ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈdɛpjəti faɪndz hɪmˈsɛlf səˈspɛndɪd wɪˈθaʊt peɪ ənd ˈfeɪsɪŋ ə ˈfɛləni ʧɑrʤ ˈæftər biɪŋ əˈkjuzd əv ˈʃɑˌplɪftɪŋ ˈɛvriˈdeɪ ˈhaʊsˌhoʊld ˈaɪtəmz frəm tu ɪn ˈkɔrəl spərɪŋz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈrɛkərdz əbˈteɪnd ˈfraɪˌdeɪ baɪ ðə sən ˈsɛntənəl. sərˈveɪləns ˈvɪdioʊ ʃoʊz ˈdɛpjəti din, 46 ˈʃɑˌplɪftɪŋ ɔn ˈsɛvən ɔˈkeɪʒənz, ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz seɪ. hi wɑz ɪn ˈjunəˌfɔrm wən əv ðə taɪmz ənd droʊv əˈweɪ wɪθ hɪz ˈstoʊlən gʊdz ɪn ə mɑrkt pəˈtroʊl kɑr θri ˈəðər taɪmz, ˈrɛkərdz ʃoʊ. ə ˈvɛtərən əv ðə ˈeɪʤənsi, wɑz ərˈɛstɪd ˈtuzˌdeɪ ənd spɛnt ə naɪt ɪn ʤeɪl ˌbiˈfɔr ˈpoʊstɪŋ bɑnd ɔn ə ˈfɛləni ʧɑrʤ əv skim tɪ ˈprɑpərti ˈəndər ˈrɛkərdz ʃoʊ. "ɪn ˌrivˈju əv ðə ˈvɪdioʊ ðə θɛft wɑz əˈpɛrənt ənd ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəl," ən ˌæfəˈdeɪvət sɛd. "ðə θɛfts wər kəˈmɪtɪd boʊθ ɪn ənd aʊt əv ˈjunəˌfɔrm." ˈʃɛrɪfs əˈfɪʃəlz wʊd nɑt prəˈvaɪd ðə ˈvɪdioʊz tɪ ðə sən ˈsɛntənəl ˈfraɪˌdeɪ., əv margate*, wɑz səˈspɛndɪd wɪˈθaʊt peɪ ˈtuzˌdeɪ. hi meɪks wɑz ˌɪˈnɪʃəli səˈspɛndɪd wɪθ peɪ wɪn hi wɑz fərst ədˈvaɪzd əv ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ɔn ʤun 6 ɔn ðə əˈlɛʤd ˈʃɑpɪŋ lɪst: kul ˈwɔtər kəˈloʊn, ˈʤərgənz ˈloʊʃən, papertowels*, dɪˈspoʊzəbəl ˈreɪzərz, dɪˈtərʤənt, ˈsɪrəp, ˈtuθˌpeɪst, bɑr soʊp, ə ˈkænɪstər əv ˈmæksˌwɛl haʊs ˈkɔfi ənd ə ˈkɑrtən əv ɛgz. braʊərd ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈdɛpjəti din. ˈdɛpjəti din. (braʊərd ˈʃɛrɪfs) (braʊərd ˈʃɛrɪfs) "ɪts dɪˈskərɪʤɪŋ tɪ si ənd rɛd ənd hir əˈbaʊt," ˈʃɛrɪf skɑt ˈɪzriəl sɛd. "hi dɪsˈgreɪst ðə bæʤ, bət æt ðɪs taɪm aɪ ʧuz tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ðə mɛn ənd ˈwɪmən ɪn ɑr ˈpəblɪk kərˈəpʃən ˈjunɪt huz ʤɑb ɪt ɪz tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ˈdɛpjətiz hu doʊnt du ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðə raɪt weɪ. ðeɪ gɑt raɪt tɪ ɪt, ðeɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd ɪt ˈθəroʊli. wɪr nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈtɑlərˌeɪt pəˈlis mɪˈskɑndəkt ənd ˈdɛpjətiz kəˈmɪtɪŋ ˌɪˈligəl ækts." dɪˈspaɪt fɔr ˈvɔɪsˌmeɪl ˈmɛsɪʤɪz lɛft ɔn hoʊm ənd ˈsɛlˌfoʊnz, hi kʊd nɑt bi riʧt fər ˈkɑmɛnt. ɪt wɑz ənˈklɪr ɪf hi hæd ən əˈtərni. ðə pəˈlis ˈjunjən ˈʤɛnərəli ˈdəzənt prəˈvaɪd ˈlɔjərz fər lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ʧɑrʤd wɪθ kraɪmz nɑt əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ðɛr ʤɑbz. ɪts dɪˈskərɪʤɪŋ tɪ si ənd rɛd ənd hir əˈbaʊt. hi dɪsˈgreɪst ðə bæʤ. braʊərd ˈʃɛrɪf skɑt ˈɪzriəl ˌɔlˈðoʊ iʧ əˈlɛʤd θɛft wɑz fər ˈmaɪnər əˈmaʊnts ɔn meɪ 13 ɔn meɪ 27 ənd ɔn ʤun 16 ɔl ˈtoʊtəld ðə skim ædz əp tɪ ə ˈfɛləni ˈpənɪʃəbəl baɪ əp tɪ 5 jɪrz ɪn ˈprɪzən. ðə ˈdɛpjəti hæd ə ˈsɪstəm, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ən ˌæfəˈdeɪvət ɪn səˈpɔrt əv hɪz ərˈɛst ˈwɔrənt. hi wʊd du hɪz ˈʃɑpɪŋ, goʊ tɪ ə ənd skæn səm ˈaɪtəmz bət nɑt ɔl. wʊd slɪp ðə ˈaɪtəmz ˈɪntu hɪz ˈʃɑpɪŋ bæg ənd liv ðə stɔr, ðə ˌæfəˈdeɪvət sɛd. ðə fərst əˈlɛʤd θɛft wɑz kəˈmɪtɪd meɪ 13 æt ə ˈwɔlˌmɑrt ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd æt 6001 ˈkɔrəl rɪʤ draɪv. wɪn strək ðɛr əˈgɛn ɔn meɪ 23 hi wɑz ˈwɛrɪŋ "ə grin ʃɔrt sliv klæs bi ˈjunəˌfɔrm," ðə ˌæfəˈdeɪvət sɛd. wɪn rɪˈtərnd ʤun 3 hi wɑz drɛst ɪn "səˈvɪljən əˈtaɪər" bət droʊv hɪz mɑrkt ˈkruzər. hɪz ˈfaɪnəl ˈʃɑˌplɪftɪŋ spri æt ðət stɔr wɑz ʤun 18 ˈrɛkərdz ʃoʊ. tu əv ðə θri taɪmz stoʊl frəm ə ˈwɔlˌmɑrt æt 3801 ˈtərtəl krik draɪv hi lɛft ɪn hɪz pəˈtroʊl kɑr. hi wɔr strit kloʊðz iʧ taɪm meɪ 27 ʤun 5 ənd ʤun 16 ðə ˌæfəˈdeɪvət sɛd. stɔr sɪˈkjʊrəti pɪkt əp ɔn ɔn ʤun 3 wɪn hi wɑz sin kənˈsilɪŋ ə ˈbɑtəl əv kəˈloʊn ɪn ə pɛr əv greɪ sˈlɪpərz. ə ˈɔfɪsər ˈfɑloʊd ɪm tɪ ðə ˈpɑrkɪŋ lɔt ənd sɔ ɪm gɪt ˈɪntu ə pəˈtroʊl kɑr. ðə ˈɔfɪsər tʊk daʊn ðə pleɪt ənd kɑr ˈnəmbərz, ˈrɛkərdz ʃoʊ. ə ˈmænɪʤər nɛkst pərˈfɔrmd ən ˈɔdɪt əv ðə ˈdɛbɪt kɑrd juzd ənd keɪm əp wɪθ ˈnumərəs trænˈzækʃənz wɪʧ hɛlpt ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ˈəðər əˈlɛʤd θɛfts. wɑz ˈrɛdəli aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ˈviə ˈvɪdioʊ, hɪz ˌtæˈtuz ənd baɪ ðə juz əv hɪz ˈpərsɪnəl ʧeɪs ˈdɛbɪt kɑrd," dɪˈtɛktɪv ˈʤɑˌʃuə wɛb roʊt ɪn ðə ˌæfəˈdeɪvət. ðə ˈvɪdioʊz kʊd nɑt bi riˈlist ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ə ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən sɛd, bɪˈkəz ðə dɪˈtɛktɪv ˈwərkɪŋ ðə keɪs hæd ðɛm ənd wʊd nɑt rɪˈtərn tɪ ðə ˈɔfəs ənˈtɪl ˈmənˌdeɪ. ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz ɔn ʤun 6 pɪkt əp frəm ən ˌɔfˈduti ˈditeɪl æt ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈtərmənəl fər braʊərd ˈkaʊnti ˈtrænzɪt ɪn ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn fɔrt ˈlɔdərˌdeɪl ənd tʊk ɪm tɪ ðə ˈʃɛrɪfs ˌɪnˈtərnəl əˈfɛrz ˈɔfəs. waɪl wɑz ədˈvaɪzd əv ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ənd səˈspɛndɪd wɪθ peɪ, dɪˈtɛktɪvz sərʧt ðə trəŋk əv hɪz pəˈtroʊl kɑr. ðɛr ðeɪ faʊnd ə pɛr əv greɪ sˈlɪpərz ɪn ə ˈwɔlˌmɑrt bæg. ənd ɪn ðə ˈdraɪvərz dɔr ˈpɑkət wɑz ˈbɑtəl əv ˈʤərgənz ˈloʊʃən. tealanez@sunsentinel.com*, ər tˈwɪtər |
“if an afterlife, is my place taken? is heaven full of people who would call me an imposter?”
— simon jarrett, upon realizing that he is a digitized copy.
ever since the turn of the century had a— well, not a relationship with video games so much as a one. worked on several game projects that never made it to market, wrote a novel for a game that did. occasionally my work has inspired games had nothing to do with; the creators of 2 and torment: tides of cite me as an influence, for example. a vampire in the witcher 3 named sarasti. eclipse phase, the open-source game, names me in their references. and so on.
for one reason or another, never got around to actually playing any of these games. but a fan recently gifted me with a download of games’ soma, whose creators also cite me as inspirational (alongside greg egan, china miéville, and philip k. dick). and in the course of the occasional stumbled across various blogs and forums in which people have commented on the peculiar of this particular title. so what the hell, i figured; i needed something to write about this week, and it was either gonna be soma or my first acid trip.
major spoilers after the graphic, so stop reading if still saving yourself for your own run at the game. (although if still doing that a solid year after its release, even further behind the curve than i am.)
in soma you play simon: a regular dude from 2015 toronto, who— following a brain scan at the york university— suddenly finds himself a hundred years in the future, just after a cometary impact has wiped out all life on the surface of the earth. simon have to worry about that, though— not in the short term, at least— because not on the surface of the earth. stuck in a complex of derelict undersea habitats near a geothermal vent, where (among other things) he is attacked by giant mutant and caught up in a story centering around the nature of consciousness. “i’d really like to know who thought sending a canadian to the bottom of the sea was a good idea,” he blurts out at one point. “i miss toronto. in toronto i knew who i was.”
so yeah, i can see a certain watts influence. maybe even a bit of homage.
if i was feeling especially egotistical i could really push it. those subway stations simon cruises through on his way to york— not that far from where i used to live. his buddy catherine once mistakenly remarks that he comes from vancouver, where i lived before that. hell, if i wanted to pull out all the stops i could even point out that jesus number two man (and the first of the popes) was called simon peter. coincidence?
yeah, probably. that last thing, anyway. then again, any game whose major selling point was its peter watts references would be shooting for a pretty limited market. fortunately, soma is more substantive. in fact, it may not be so much inspired by my writing (or dick’s, or egan’s, or miéville’s) as we all are inspired by the same stuff that underlies human existence. all drinking from the same well, we all lie awake at night haunted by the same existential questions: how can meat possibly wake up? where does subjective awareness come from? what is it like to be attacked by giant mutant at four thousand meters?
soma’s influences extend beyond the the usual list of authors find online (or quoted at the top of this post, for that matter). the that infests and everything from people to seems more than a little reminiscent of the melding plague in alistair reynolds’ revelation space, for example. and while belated discovery that basically a digitized brain scan riding a corpse in a suit of armor might seem lifted directly from the in my 2 novel, i lifted that idea in turn from richard game script.
so much for the parts soma cannibalized. how does it stitch them together?
for starters, the game is gorgeous to behold and creepy to hear. the murk of the conshelf, the punctuated blackness of the abyss, the and of hull plating just this side of implosion keep you awestruck and in equal measure. of course, these days true for pretty much any game worth reviewing (alien: isolation comes to mind— you might almost describe soma as an undersea alien: isolation with a filling). technology seems strangely antiquated for the century flickering fluorescent light tubes, video cameras, desktop computers that look significantly less advanced than the latest offerings down at staples— but also true for a lot of games these days. (alien: isolation gets a pass on that because it was honoring the aesthetic of the movie. the ex franchise, not so much.)
there’s not much of an interface to interfere with the view, no hit points or health icons cluttering up the edges of your display. you know been injured when your vision blurs and you run any more. you have no weapons to keep track of. the inventory option is a joke: for 90% of the game, completely empty-handed except for a glorified to help you get around. way more minimalist than most player interfaces, and the better for it.
likewise, dialog options are pretty much nonexistent. now and then you can choose to start a conversation, but from that point on essentially listening to a radio play. i think made the right choice here, too. all those clunky dialog menus that pop up in fallout or mass effect— those same four or five options offered up time after time, regardless of context (really? i want to ask piper about our relationship now?)— offer just enough conversational flexibility to really drive home how little conversational flexibility you have. one of the inherent weaknesses of computer games as an art form— game tech just advanced enough to improvise decent dialog on the fly.
soma cuts the player out of the loop entirely during the talky bits. the cost is that we lose the illusion of control (which is actually kind of meta if you think about it); the benefit is that we get richer dialog, deeper characters, shock and tantrums and emotional investment to go along with the thought experiment. simon some empty vessel for the player to pour themselves; a living character in his own right.
i’ll grant that not a very bright one. he mentions at one point that he used to work in a bookstore, but given how long it takes him to catch on to certain things willing to bet that its and sections were pretty crappy. a nice guy, and i really felt for him— but if his home town was, in fact, a nod to my own, i can only hope the same cannot be said for his intellect.
on the other hand, to say be any quicker on the draw if i was the dusty photocopy of a brain, thrown headlong and without warning into apocalypse? i know if anyone would be firing on all synapses under those conditions; and the languid pace at which simon clues in does provide a convenient opportunity to hammer home certain philosophical issues to which a lot of players have given much prior thought. the fact that sidekick catherine grows increasingly impatient with his “bullshit”, with the fact that she has to keep repeating herself, suggests that this was a deliberate decision on’s part.
but if a bit slow on the uptake, soma. even the scenery is smart. wandering the seabed, at depths ranging from a few hundred meters to four thousand, the fauna just looks right: spider crabs, rattails, tiny squid and tube worms and iridescent, gorgeous (ctenophores! how many of you even know what those are?) inside one of the habitats, a dead lab notes remark upon the sighting of a (“viperfish” to you yokels): “not usually found at this depth— anomaly”. i wet myself a little when i read that. writing starfish back in the nineties, i too had to grapple with the fact that foray into the deep abyss. i had to come up with my own explanation for why they did so at vent.
smart or dumb, though, the ocean floor is mere setting: story revolves around issues of consciousness. did their homework here too. sure, the usual throwaway stuff— one model of drone is dubbed “qualia-class”— but stuff like the body transfer and rubber hand illusions just name-checked; they actively inform vital elements of the plot. people come equipped with “black boxes” in their brains that can be forensically post-mortem. (this proves useful in figuring out backstory, an ingenious new twist on the usual find personal diaries lying around everywhere more commonly employed in such games.) most of the events in this story occur not to effect the course of the plot, but to make you think about its underlying themes.
by way of comparison, look to spiritual cousin,. for all its explicit references to ideology, fails as analysis. (at best, its analysis amounts to is bad because when capitalism runs amok, will result in widespread insanity and the ability to shoot live bees out of your hands.) andrew political beliefs serve as mere backdrop to the action, and as rationale for the setting; but the events of the story could have just as easily gone down in a failed socialist utopia as a capitalist one. was brilliant in the way it used the mechanics of game play to inform one of its themes yet to see its equal in that regard), but that particular theme revolved around the existence of free will, with no substantive connection to ideology. soma, in contrast, actually grapples with the issues it presents; it makes them part of the plot.
in fact, you could argue that soma is actually more rumination than game, an extended scenario that systematically builds a case towards an inevitable, conclusion (two conclusions actually, the second superficially brighter and happier than the first but actually way more depressing if you stop to think about it). if a problem with this game, that the the story is so tight, the rumination so railbound, that it afford to give the player much freedom for fear screw up the scenario. really only one way to play soma. discoveries and revelations have to happen in a specific order, conversations must proceed in a certain way. the obligatory monsters— justified as failed prototypes, built by an ai trying to create humanity really do anything story-wise. you kill them. you talk to them. you scavenge their carcasses for booty, or fashion a makeshift cannon from local leftovers and blow them away. your interactive options consist exclusively of run and hide. monsters serve no real purpose except to creep you out, and slow your progress along a narrative monorail.
there are choices to be made— surprisingly affecting ones— but they affect the outcome of the plot. your reaction to the last surviving human— wasting away in some flickering locker at the bottom of the sea, needle festering in her arm, pictures of her beloved greenland (gone now, along with everything else) scattered across the deck— who only wants to die. the repeated activation and interrogation of an increasingly panicky being who know digitized (although he sure as shit knows wrong), a being you simply discard once you have what you need from him. the treatment of your own earlier iterations, still extant after your transcription into a new host. these powerful moments exist not so much to further the story as to inspire reflection upon a story already decided— and they might be missed entirely by a player with too much freedom, able to go where they will and when. the tension between sandbox and narrative, autonomy and storytelling. has sacrificed one for the other, so— as as this game is— bound to suck at replay value.
it’s easy enough to justify such creative decisions in principle; in practise, the result sometimes feels like a cheat. i spent half an hour around the seabed looking for a particular item among the wreckage— a computer chip— that would spare me the need to kill a drone for the same vital part. it would have been easy enough for to give me that option; already littered the seabed with wrecked drones, it have killed them to leave me some usable salvage. but no. the the only way forward was to slaughter an innocent being. it made the point, philosophically, but it felt wrong somehow. forced.
this would normally be the point at which i bitch and moan about how, for all the “inspiration” game developers attribute to me, it would be really nice if they might someday be inspired to actually hire me instead of just mining my stories. it would be an utterly bullshit whinge— admitted to gaming gigs in my past on this very post— but make it anyway because, hey: if one of your inspirations is sitting right there in the corner next to the potted philodendron, why not ask him for a dance? he might just teach you a couple of new]
this time, though, going to restrain myself. soma could not have been an easy assignment; i could bitch about the monorail gameplay constraints or the intermittent of the protagonist, but given the limitations of the medium i know that i could do any better without compromising mission priorities. soma is a game in the mode, but the horror is more existential than visceral. and those conventional mechanics serve the most substantive theme ever encountered in a video game.
bottom line, i think they did a damn fine job.
[1] this metaphor is in no way meant to imply that i am any kind of dancer. my most recent memories of dancing involve jumping wildly up and down and slapping my thighs in approximate time to money for nothing. | ““if* ən ˈæftərˌlaɪf, ɪz maɪ pleɪs ˈteɪkən? ɪz ˈhɛvən fʊl əv ˈpipəl hu wʊd kɔl mi ən imposter?”*?” ˈsaɪmən ˈʤɛrət, əˈpɑn ˈriəˌlaɪzɪŋ ðət hi ɪz ə ˈdɪʤəˌtaɪzd ˈkɑpi. ˈɛvər sɪns ðə tərn əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri hæd a—*— wɛl, nɑt ə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈvɪdioʊ geɪmz soʊ məʧ ɛz ə wən. wərkt ɔn ˈsɛvərəl geɪm ˈprɑʤɛkts ðət ˈnɛvər meɪd ɪt tɪ ˈmɑrkɪt, roʊt ə ˈnɑvəl fər ə geɪm ðət dɪd. ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli maɪ wərk həz ˌɪnˈspaɪərd geɪmz hæd ˈnəθɪŋ tɪ du wɪθ; ðə kriˈeɪtərz əv 2 ənd ˈtɔrˌmɛnt: taɪdz əv saɪt mi ɛz ən ˈɪnfluəns, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl. ə ˈvæmpaɪr ɪn ðə ˈwɪʧər 3 neɪmd sarasti*. ɪˈklɪps feɪz, ðə ˈoʊpənˌsɔrs geɪm, neɪmz mi ɪn ðɛr ˈrɛfərənsɪz. ənd soʊ ɔn. fər wən ˈrizən ər əˈnəðər, ˈnɛvər gɑt əraʊnd tɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli pleɪɪŋ ˈɛni əv ðiz geɪmz. bət ə fæn ˈrisəntli ˈgɪftɪd mi wɪθ ə ˈdaʊnˌloʊd əv games’*’ ˈsoʊmə, huz kriˈeɪtərz ˈɔlsoʊ saɪt mi ɛz ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃənəl (əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd grɛg ˈigən, ˈʧaɪnə miéville*, ənd ˈfɪlɪp keɪ. dɪk). ənd ɪn ðə kɔrs əv ðə ɔˈkeɪʒənəl ˈstəmbəld əˈkrɔs ˈvɛriəs blɔgz ənd ˈfɔrəmz ɪn wɪʧ ˈpipəl hæv ˈkɑmɛntəd ɔn ðə pɪˈkjuljər əv ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈtaɪtəl. soʊ wət ðə hɛl, aɪ ˈfɪgjərd; aɪ ˈnidɪd ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ raɪt əˈbaʊt ðɪs wik, ənd ɪt wɑz ˈiðər ˈgɑnə bi ˈsoʊmə ər maɪ fərst ˈæsəd trɪp. ˈmeɪʤər ˈspɔɪlərz ˈæftər ðə ˈgræfɪk, soʊ stɑp ˈrɛdɪŋ ɪf stɪl ˈseɪvɪŋ ˈjɔrsɛlf fər jʊr oʊn rən æt ðə geɪm. (ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪf stɪl duɪŋ ðət ə ˈsɑləd jɪr ˈæftər ɪts riˈlis, ˈivɪn ˈfərðər bɪˈhaɪnd ðə kərv ðən aɪ æm.) ɪn ˈsoʊmə ju pleɪ ˈsaɪmən: ə ˈrɛgjələr dud frəm 2015 tərˈɑntoʊ, who—*— ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə breɪn skæn æt ðə jɔrk university—*— ˈsədənli faɪndz hɪmˈsɛlf ə ˈhənərd jɪrz ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər, ʤɪst ˈæftər ə ˈkɑməˌtɛri ˌɪmˈpækt həz waɪpt aʊt ɔl laɪf ɔn ðə ˈsərfəs əv ðə ərθ. ˈsaɪmən hæv tɪ ˈwəri əˈbaʊt ðət, though—*— nɑt ɪn ðə ʃɔrt tərm, æt least—*— bɪˈkəz nɑt ɔn ðə ˈsərfəs əv ðə ərθ. stək ɪn ə ˈkɑmplɛks əv ˈdɛrəˌlɪkt ˌəndərˈsi ˈhæbəˌtæts nɪr ə ˌʤioʊˈθərməl vɛnt, wɛr (əˈməŋ ˈəðər θɪŋz) hi ɪz əˈtækt baɪ ʤaɪənt mˈjutənt ənd kɔt əp ɪn ə ˈstɔri ˈsɛntərɪŋ əraʊnd ðə ˈneɪʧər əv ˈkɑnʃəsnəs. ˈrɪli laɪk tɪ noʊ hu θɔt ˈsɛndɪŋ ə kəˈneɪdiən tɪ ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə si wɑz ə gʊd idea,”*,” hi blərts aʊt æt wən pɔɪnt. mɪs tərˈɑntoʊ. ɪn tərˈɑntoʊ aɪ nu hu aɪ was.”*.” soʊ jæ, aɪ kən si ə ˈsərtən wɑts ˈɪnfluəns. ˈmeɪbi ˈivɪn ə bɪt əv ˈɑməʤ. ɪf aɪ wɑz ˈfilɪŋ əˈspɛʃəli ˌigəˈtɪstɪkəl aɪ kʊd ˈrɪli pʊʃ ɪt. ðoʊz ˈsəbˌweɪ ˈsteɪʃənz ˈsaɪmən ˈkruzɪz θru ɔn hɪz weɪ tɪ york—*— nɑt ðət fɑr frəm wɛr aɪ juzd tɪ lɪv. hɪz ˈbədi ˈkæθərɪn wəns mɪˈsteɪkənli rɪˈmɑrks ðət hi kəmz frəm vænˈkuvər, wɛr aɪ lɪvd ˌbiˈfɔr ðət. hɛl, ɪf aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ pʊl aʊt ɔl ðə stɑps aɪ kʊd ˈivɪn pɔɪnt aʊt ðət ˈʤizəs ˈnəmbər tu mæn (ənd ðə fərst əv ðə poʊpz) wɑz kɔld ˈsaɪmən ˈpitər. koʊˈɪnsɪdəns? jæ, ˈprɑbəˌbli. ðət læst θɪŋ, ˈɛniˌweɪ. ðɛn əˈgɛn, ˈɛni geɪm huz ˈmeɪʤər ˈsɛlɪŋ pɔɪnt wɑz ɪts ˈpitər wɑts ˈrɛfərənsɪz wʊd bi ˈʃutɪŋ fər ə ˈprɪti ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈmɑrkɪt. ˈfɔrʧənətli, ˈsoʊmə ɪz mɔr ˈsəbstəntɪv. ɪn fækt, ɪt meɪ nɑt bi soʊ məʧ ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ maɪ ˈraɪtɪŋ (ər dick’s*, ər egan’s*, ər miéville’s*) ɛz wi ɔl ər ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ ðə seɪm stəf ðət ˌəndərˈlaɪz ˈjumən ɪgˈzɪstəns. ɔl ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ frəm ðə seɪm wɛl, wi ɔl laɪ əˈweɪk æt naɪt ˈhɔntɪd baɪ ðə seɪm ˌɛgˌzɪˈstɛnʃəl kˈwɛsʧənz: haʊ kən mit ˈpɑsəbli weɪk əp? wɛr dɪz səˈbʤɛktɪv əˈwɛrnəs kəm frəm? wət ɪz ɪt laɪk tɪ bi əˈtækt baɪ ʤaɪənt mˈjutənt æt fɔr ˈθaʊzənd ˈmitərz? ˈɪnˌfluənsɪz ɪkˈstɛnd bɪɔnd ðə ðə ˈjuʒəwəl lɪst əv ˈɔθərz faɪnd ˈɔnˌlaɪn (ər kˈwoʊtɪd æt ðə tɔp əv ðɪs poʊst, fər ðət ˈmætər). ðə ðət ˌɪnˈfɛsts ənd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ frəm ˈpipəl tɪ simz mɔr ðən ə ˈlɪtəl ˌrɛməˈnɪsənt əv ðə ˈmɛldɪŋ pleɪg ɪn ˈælɪˌstɛr reynolds’*’ ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃən speɪs, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl. ənd waɪl bɪˈleɪtɪd ˌdɪˈskəvri ðət ˈbeɪsɪkli ə ˈdɪʤəˌtaɪzd breɪn skæn ˈraɪdɪŋ ə kɔrps ɪn ə sut əv ˈɑrmər maɪt sim ˈlɪftɪd dɪˈrɛkli frəm ðə ɪn maɪ 2 ˈnɑvəl, aɪ ˈlɪftɪd ðət aɪˈdiə ɪn tərn frəm ˈrɪʧərd geɪm skrɪpt. soʊ məʧ fər ðə pɑrts ˈsoʊmə cannibalized*. haʊ dɪz ɪt stɪʧ ðɛm təˈgɛðər? fər ˈstɑrtərz, ðə geɪm ɪz ˈgɔrʤəs tɪ bɪˈhoʊld ənd ˈkripi tɪ hir. ðə mərk əv ðə conshelf*, ðə ˈpəŋkʧuˌeɪtɪd ˈblæknəs əv ðə əˈbɪs, ðə ənd əv həl ˈpleɪtɪŋ ʤɪst ðɪs saɪd əv ˌɪmˈploʊʒən kip ju ˈɑˌstrək ənd ɪn ˈikwəl ˈmɛʒər. əv kɔrs, ðiz deɪz tru fər ˈprɪti məʧ ˈɛni geɪm wərθ rivˈjuɪŋ (ˈeɪliən: ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən kəmz tɪ mind—*— ju maɪt ˈɔlˌmoʊst dɪˈskraɪb ˈsoʊmə ɛz ən ˌəndərˈsi ˈeɪliən: ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən wɪθ ə ˈfɪlɪŋ). tɛkˈnɑləʤi simz ˈstreɪnʤli ˈæntəkˌweɪtɪd fər ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ˈflɪkərɪŋ ˌflʊˈrɛsənt laɪt tubz, ˈvɪdioʊ ˈkæmərəz, ˈdɛskˌtɑp kəmˈpjutərz ðət lʊk sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli lɛs ədˈvænst ðən ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈɔfərɪŋz daʊn æt staples—*— bət ˈɔlsoʊ tru fər ə lɔt əv geɪmz ðiz deɪz. (ˈeɪliən: ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən gɪts ə pæs ɔn ðət bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ˈɑnərɪŋ ðə ɛsˈθɛtɪk əv ðə ˈmuvi. ðə ɛks ˈfrænˌʧaɪz, nɑt soʊ məʧ.) nɑt məʧ əv ən ˈɪnərˌfeɪs tɪ ˌɪnərˈfɪr wɪθ ðə vju, noʊ hɪt pɔɪnts ər hɛlθ ˈaɪˌkɑnz ˈklətərɪŋ əp ðə ˈɛʤɪz əv jʊr dɪˈspleɪ. ju noʊ bɪn ˈɪnʤərd wɪn jʊr ˈvɪʒən blərz ənd ju rən ˈɛni mɔr. ju hæv noʊ ˈwɛpənz tɪ kip træk əv. ðə ˌɪnvənˈtɔri ˈɔpʃən ɪz ə ʤoʊk: fər 90 əv ðə geɪm, kəmˈplitli ˈɛmptiˈhændɪd ɪkˈsɛpt fər ə ˈglɔrəˌfaɪd tɪ hɛlp ju gɪt əraʊnd. weɪ mɔr ˈmɪnəməlɪst ðən moʊst pleɪər ˈɪnərˌfeɪsɪz, ənd ðə ˈbɛtər fər ɪt. ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz, ˈdaɪəlɔg ˈɔpʃənz ər ˈprɪti məʧ ˌnɑnəgˈzɪstənt. naʊ ənd ðɛn ju kən ʧuz tɪ stɑrt ə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən, bət frəm ðət pɔɪnt ɔn ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈlɪsənɪŋ tɪ ə ˈreɪdiˌoʊ pleɪ. aɪ θɪŋk meɪd ðə raɪt ʧɔɪs hir, tu. ɔl ðoʊz ˈkləŋki ˈdaɪəlɔg ˈmɛnjuz ðət pɑp əp ɪn ˈfɔˌlaʊt ər mæs effect—*— ðoʊz seɪm fɔr ər faɪv ˈɔpʃənz ˈɔfərd əp taɪm ˈæftər taɪm, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˈkɑntɛkst (ˈrɪli? aɪ wɔnt tɪ æsk ˈpaɪpər əˈbaʊt ɑr riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp now?)—*?)— ˈɔfər ʤɪst ɪˈnəf ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənəl ˌflɛksəˈbɪləti tɪ ˈrɪli draɪv hoʊm haʊ ˈlɪtəl ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənəl ˌflɛksəˈbɪləti ju hæv. wən əv ðə ˌɪnˈhɛrənt ˈwiknəsɪz əv kəmˈpjutər geɪmz ɛz ən ɑrt form—*— geɪm tɛk ʤɪst ədˈvænst ɪˈnəf tɪ ˌɪmprəˈvaɪz ˈdisənt ˈdaɪəlɔg ɔn ðə flaɪ. ˈsoʊmə kəts ðə pleɪər aʊt əv ðə lup ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈtɔki bɪts. ðə kɔst ɪz ðət wi luz ðə ˌɪˈluʒən əv kənˈtroʊl (wɪʧ ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli kaɪnd əv ˈmitə ɪf ju θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪt); ðə ˈbɛnəfɪt ɪz ðət wi gɪt ˈrɪʧər ˈdaɪəlɔg, ˈdipər ˈkɛrɪktərz, ʃɑk ənd ˈtæntrəmz ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt tɪ goʊ əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə θɔt ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ˈsaɪmən səm ˈɛmti ˈvɛsəl fər ðə pleɪər tɪ pɔr ðɛmˈsɛlvz; ə ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈkɛrɪktər ɪn hɪz oʊn raɪt. grænt ðət nɑt ə ˈvɛri braɪt wən. hi ˈmɛnʃənz æt wən pɔɪnt ðət hi juzd tɪ wərk ɪn ə ˈbʊkˌstɔr, bət ˈgɪvɪn haʊ lɔŋ ɪt teɪks ɪm tɪ kæʧ ɔn tɪ ˈsərtən θɪŋz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ bɛt ðət ɪts ənd ˈsɛkʃənz wər ˈprɪti ˈkræˌpi. ə nis gaɪ, ənd aɪ ˈrɪli fɛlt fər him—*— bət ɪf hɪz hoʊm taʊn wɑz, ɪn fækt, ə nɑd tɪ maɪ oʊn, aɪ kən ˈoʊnli hoʊp ðə seɪm ˈkænɑt bi sɛd fər hɪz ˈɪnəˌlɛkt. ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, tɪ seɪ bi ˈɛni kˈwɪkər ɔn ðə drɔ ɪf aɪ wɑz ðə ˈdəsti ˈfoʊtoʊˌkɑpi əv ə breɪn, θroʊn ˈhɛˌdlɔŋ ənd wɪˈθaʊt ˈwɔrnɪŋ ˈɪntu əˈpɑkəˌlɪps? aɪ noʊ ɪf ˈɛniˌwən wʊd bi ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ɔn ɔl ˈsɪæpsɪz ˈəndər ðoʊz kənˈdɪʃənz; ənd ðə ˈlæŋgwəd peɪs æt wɪʧ ˈsaɪmən kluz ɪn dɪz prəˈvaɪd ə kənˈvinjənt ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ˈhæmər hoʊm ˈsərtən ˌfɪləˈsɑfɪkəl ˈɪʃuz tɪ wɪʧ ə lɔt əv pleɪərz hæv ˈgɪvɪn məʧ praɪər θɔt. ðə fækt ðət ˈsaɪdˌkɪk ˈkæθərɪn groʊz ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ˌɪmˈpeɪʃənt wɪθ hɪz ““bullshit”*”, wɪθ ðə fækt ðət ʃi həz tɪ kip rɪˈpitɪŋ hərˈsɛlf, səˈʤɛsts ðət ðɪs wɑz ə dɪˈlɪbərˌeɪt dɪˈsɪʒən ɔn pɑrt. bət ɪf ə bɪt sloʊ ɔn ðə ˈəpˌteɪk, ˈsoʊmə. ˈivɪn ðə ˈsinəri ɪz smɑrt. ˈwɑndərɪŋ ðə ˈsiˌbɛd, æt dɛpθs ˈreɪnʤɪŋ frəm ə fju ˈhənərd ˈmitərz tɪ fɔr ˈθaʊzənd, ðə ˈfɔnə ʤɪst lʊks raɪt: ˈspaɪdər kræbz, rattails*, ˈtaɪni skwɪd ənd tub wərmz ənd ˌɪrəˈdɛsənt, ˈgɔrʤəs (ctenophores*! haʊ ˈmɛni əv ju ˈivɪn noʊ wət ðoʊz ər?) ˌɪnˈsaɪd wən əv ðə ˈhæbəˌtæts, ə dɛd læb noʊts rɪˈmɑrk əˈpɑn ðə ˈsaɪtɪŋ əv ə (““viperfish”*” tɪ ju yokels*): ˈjuʒəwəli faʊnd æt ðɪs depth—*— anomaly”*”. aɪ wɛt ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ə ˈlɪtəl wɪn aɪ rɛd ðət. ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈstɑrˌfɪʃ bæk ɪn ðə ˈnaɪntiz, aɪ tu hæd tɪ ˈgræpəl wɪθ ðə fækt ðət ˈfɔreɪ ˈɪntu ðə dip əˈbɪs. aɪ hæd tɪ kəm əp wɪθ maɪ oʊn ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən fər waɪ ðeɪ dɪd soʊ æt vɛnt. smɑrt ər dəm, ðoʊ, ðə ˈoʊʃən flɔr ɪz mɪr ˈsɛtɪŋ: ˈstɔri riˈvɑlvz əraʊnd ˈɪʃuz əv ˈkɑnʃəsnəs. dɪd ðɛr ˈhoʊmˌwərk hir tu. ʃʊr, ðə ˈjuʒəwəl θˈroʊəˌweɪ stuff—*— wən ˈmɑdəl əv droʊn ɪz dəbd ““qualia-class”—*”— bət stəf laɪk ðə ˈbɑdi ˈtrænsfər ənd ˈrəbər hænd ˌɪˈluʒənz ʤɪst name-checked*; ðeɪ ˈæktɪvli ˌɪnˈfɔrm ˈvaɪtəl ˈɛləmənts əv ðə plɑt. ˈpipəl kəm ɪkˈwɪpt wɪθ boxes”*” ɪn ðɛr breɪnz ðət kən bi fərˈɛnsɪkəli poʊstˈmɔrtɛm. (ðɪs pruvz ˈjusfəl ɪn ˈfɪgjərɪŋ aʊt backstory*, ən ˌɪnˈʤinjəs nu twɪst ɔn ðə ˈjuʒəwəl faɪnd ˈpərsɪnəl ˈdaɪəriz laɪɪŋ əraʊnd ˈɛvriˌwɛr mɔr ˈkɑmənli ɪmˈplɔɪd ɪn səʧ geɪmz.) moʊst əv ðə ɪˈvɛnts ɪn ðɪs ˈstɔri əˈkər nɑt tɪ ˈifɛkt ðə kɔrs əv ðə plɑt, bət tɪ meɪk ju θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪts ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ θimz. baɪ weɪ əv kəmˈpɛrəsən, lʊk tɪ ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl ˈkəzən,. fər ɔl ɪts ɪkˈsplɪsət ˈrɛfərənsɪz tɪ ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤi, feɪlz ɛz æˈnælɪsɪs. (æt bɛst, ɪts æˈnælɪsɪs əˈmaʊnts tɪ ɪz bæd bɪˈkəz wɪn ˈkæpɪtəˌlɪzəm rənz əˈmək, wɪl rɪˈzəlt ɪn ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd ˌɪnˈsænɪti ənd ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ʃut lɪv biz aʊt əv jʊr hænz.) ˈændru pəˈlɪtɪkəl bɪˈlifs sərv ɛz mɪr ˈbækˌdrɑp tɪ ðə ˈækʃən, ənd ɛz ˌræʃəˈnæl fər ðə ˈsɛtɪŋ; bət ðə ɪˈvɛnts əv ðə ˈstɔri kʊd hæv ʤɪst ɛz ˈizəli gɔn daʊn ɪn ə feɪld ˈsoʊʃəlɪst juˈtoʊpiə ɛz ə ˈkæpətəlɪst wən. wɑz ˈbrɪljənt ɪn ðə weɪ ɪt juzd ðə məˈkænɪks əv geɪm pleɪ tɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm wən əv ɪts θimz jɛt tɪ si ɪts ˈikwəl ɪn ðət rɪˈgɑrd), bət ðət ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr θim riˈvɑlvd əraʊnd ðə ɪgˈzɪstəns əv fri wɪl, wɪθ noʊ ˈsəbstəntɪv kəˈnɛkʃən tɪ ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤi. ˈsoʊmə, ɪn ˈkɑntræst, ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈgræpəlz wɪθ ðə ˈɪʃuz ɪt ˈprɛzənts; ɪt meɪks ðɛm pɑrt əv ðə plɑt. ɪn fækt, ju kʊd ˈɑrgju ðət ˈsoʊmə ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli mɔr ˌrumɪˈneɪʃən ðən geɪm, ən ɪkˈstɛndɪd sɪˈnɛrioʊ ðət ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli bɪldz ə keɪs təˈwɔrdz ən ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl, kənˈkluʒən (tu kənˈkluʒənz ˈæˌkʧuəli, ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsupərˌfɪʃəli ˈbraɪtər ənd ˈhæpiər ðən ðə fərst bət ˈæˌkʧuəli weɪ mɔr dɪˈprɛsɪŋ ɪf ju stɑp tɪ θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪt). ɪf ə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ðɪs geɪm, ðət ðə ðə ˈstɔri ɪz soʊ taɪt, ðə ˌrumɪˈneɪʃən soʊ railbound*, ðət ɪt əˈfɔrd tɪ gɪv ðə pleɪər məʧ ˈfridəm fər fɪr skru əp ðə sɪˈnɛrioʊ. ˈrɪli ˈoʊnli wən weɪ tɪ pleɪ ˈsoʊmə. dɪˈskəvəriz ənd ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz hæv tɪ ˈhæpən ɪn ə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈɔrdər, ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz məst pərˈsid ɪn ə ˈsərtən weɪ. ðə əˈblɪgəˌtɔri monsters—*— ˈʤəstəˌfaɪd ɛz feɪld ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪps, bɪlt baɪ ən eɪaɪ traɪɪŋ tɪ kriˈeɪt juˈmænɪti ˈrɪli du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ story-wise*. ju kɪl ðɛm. ju tɔk tɪ ðɛm. ju ˈskævənʤ ðɛr ˈkɑrkəsɪz fər ˈbuti, ər ˈfæʃən ə ˈmeɪkˌʃɪft ˈkænən frəm ˈloʊkəl ˈlɛfˌtoʊvərz ənd bloʊ ðɛm əˈweɪ. jʊr ˌɪnərˈæktɪv ˈɔpʃənz kənˈsɪst ɪkˈsklusɪvli əv rən ənd haɪd. ˈmɑnstərz sərv noʊ ril ˈpərpəs ɪkˈsɛpt tɪ krip ju aʊt, ənd sloʊ jʊr ˈprɑˌgrɛs əˈlɔŋ ə ˈnɛrətɪv ˈmɑnərˌeɪl. ðɛr ər ˈʧɔɪsɪz tɪ bi made—*— səˈpraɪzɪŋli əˈfɛktɪŋ ones—*— bət ðeɪ əˈfɛkt ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm əv ðə plɑt. jʊr riˈækʃən tɪ ðə læst sərˈvaɪvɪŋ human—*— ˈweɪstɪŋ əˈweɪ ɪn səm ˈflɪkərɪŋ ˈlɑkər æt ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə si, ˈnidəl ˈfɛstərɪŋ ɪn hər ɑrm, ˈpɪkʧərz əv hər bɪˈləvəd ˈgrinˌlænd (gɔn naʊ, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɛls) ˈskætərd əˈkrɔs ðə deck—*— hu ˈoʊnli wɔnts tɪ daɪ. ðə rɪˈpitɪd ˌæktəˈveɪʃən ənd ˌɪnˌtɛrəˈgeɪʃən əv ən ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ˈpænɪki biɪŋ hu noʊ ˈdɪʤəˌtaɪzd (ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi ʃʊr ɛz ʃɪt noʊz rɔŋ), ə biɪŋ ju ˈsɪmpli dɪˈskɑrd wəns ju hæv wət ju nid frəm ɪm. ðə ˈtritmənt əv jʊr oʊn ˈərliər ˌɪtəˈreɪʃənz, stɪl ˈɛkstənt ˈæftər jʊr ˌtrænˈskrɪpʃən ˈɪntu ə nu hoʊst. ðiz ˈpaʊərfəl ˈmoʊmənts ɪgˈzɪst nɑt soʊ məʧ tɪ ˈfərðər ðə ˈstɔri ɛz tɪ ˌɪnˈspaɪr rɪˈflɛkʃən əˈpɑn ə ˈstɔri ɔˈrɛdi decided—*— ənd ðeɪ maɪt bi mɪst ɪnˈtaɪərli baɪ ə pleɪər wɪθ tu məʧ ˈfridəm, ˈeɪbəl tɪ goʊ wɛr ðeɪ wɪl ənd wɪn. ðə ˈtɛnʃən bɪtˈwin ˈsændˌbɑks ənd ˈnɛrətɪv, əˈtɑnəmi ənd ˈstɔriˌtɛlɪŋ. həz ˈsækrəˌfaɪst wən fər ðə ˈəðər, so—*— ɛz ɛz ðɪs geɪm is—*— baʊnd tɪ sək æt riˈpleɪ ˈvælju. ˈizi ɪˈnəf tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ səʧ kriˈeɪtɪv dɪˈsɪʒənz ɪn ˈprɪnsəpəl; ɪn ˈpræktɪs, ðə rɪˈzəlt ˈsəmˌtaɪmz filz laɪk ə ʧit. aɪ spɛnt hæf ən aʊər əraʊnd ðə ˈsiˌbɛd ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈaɪtəm əˈməŋ ðə wreckage—*— ə kəmˈpjutər chip—*— ðət wʊd spɛr mi ðə nid tɪ kɪl ə droʊn fər ðə seɪm ˈvaɪtəl pɑrt. ɪt wʊd hæv bɪn ˈizi ɪˈnəf fər tɪ gɪv mi ðət ˈɔpʃən; ɔˈrɛdi ˈlɪtərd ðə ˈsiˌbɛd wɪθ rɛkt droʊnz, ɪt hæv kɪld ðɛm tɪ liv mi səm ˈjuzəbəl ˈsælvɪʤ. bət noʊ. ðə ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ ˈfɔrwərd wɑz tɪ sˈlɔtər ən ˈɪnəsənt biɪŋ. ɪt meɪd ðə pɔɪnt, ˌfɪləˈsɑfɪkəli, bət ɪt fɛlt rɔŋ ˈsəmˌhaʊ. fɔrst. ðɪs wʊd ˈnɔrməli bi ðə pɔɪnt æt wɪʧ aɪ bɪʧ ənd moʊn əˈbaʊt haʊ, fər ɔl ðə ““inspiration”*” geɪm dɪˈvɛləpərz əˈtrɪˌbjut tɪ mi, ɪt wʊd bi ˈrɪli nis ɪf ðeɪ maɪt ˈsəmˌdeɪ bi ˌɪnˈspaɪərd tɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli haɪər mi ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ʤɪst ˈmaɪnɪŋ maɪ ˈstɔriz. ɪt wʊd bi ən ˈətərli ˈbʊlˌʃɪt whinge—*— ədˈmɪtəd tɪ ˈgeɪmɪŋ gɪgz ɪn maɪ pæst ɔn ðɪs ˈvɛri post—*— bət meɪk ɪt ˈɛniˌweɪ bɪˈkəz, heɪ: ɪf wən əv jʊr ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃənz ɪz ˈsɪtɪŋ raɪt ðɛr ɪn ðə ˈkɔrnər nɛkst tɪ ðə ˈpɑtɪd ˌfɪləˈdɛndrən, waɪ nɑt æsk ɪm fər ə dæns? hi maɪt ʤɪst tiʧ ju ə ˈkəpəl əv nu ðɪs taɪm, ðoʊ, goʊɪŋ tɪ riˈstreɪn ˌmaɪˈsɛlf. ˈsoʊmə kʊd nɑt hæv bɪn ən ˈizi əˈsaɪnmənt; aɪ kʊd bɪʧ əˈbaʊt ðə ˈmɑnərˌeɪl ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ kənˈstreɪnts ər ðə ˌɪntərˈmɪtənt əv ðə proʊˈtægənəst, bət ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz əv ðə ˈmidiəm aɪ noʊ ðət aɪ kʊd du ˈɛni ˈbɛtər wɪˈθaʊt ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzɪŋ ˈmɪʃən praɪˈɔrətiz. ˈsoʊmə ɪz ə geɪm ɪn ðə moʊd, bət ðə ˈhɔrər ɪz mɔr ˌɛgˌzɪˈstɛnʃəl ðən ˈvɪsərəl. ənd ðoʊz kənˈvɛnʃənəl məˈkænɪks sərv ðə moʊst ˈsəbstəntɪv θim ˈɛvər ɪnˈkaʊnərd ɪn ə ˈvɪdioʊ geɪm. ˈbɑtəm laɪn, aɪ θɪŋk ðeɪ dɪd ə dæm faɪn ʤɑb. 1 ðɪs ˈmɛtəfɔr ɪz ɪn noʊ weɪ mɛnt tɪ ˌɪmˈplaɪ ðət aɪ æm ˈɛni kaɪnd əv ˈdænsər. maɪ moʊst ˈrisənt ˈmɛməriz əv ˈdænsɪŋ ˌɪnˈvɑlv ˈʤəmpɪŋ ˈwaɪldli əp ənd daʊn ənd sˈlæpɪŋ maɪ θaɪz ɪn əˈprɑksəˌmeɪt taɪm tɪ ˈməni fər ˈnəθɪŋ. |
recovered yet from last night's (june 25) highly emotional big brother? well, today's episode follows the morning after the berserk night before.
the explosive turn of events saw almost everyone in the house kick off, with carter later kicked out after he threw a drink over hannah head, which was only the start of a chaotic night in the house.
lotan's actions didn't go down well with sister deborah agboola, who reacted strongly to the situation and ended up going for's pal, ellie young.
luckily, hannah was there to get between the pair, but there was a final twist in store, after hannah claimed ellie hit her in the struggle.
indeed, a video has since been released showing that it was actually deborah who appeared to 'hit' her instead, leading deborah to receive a formal warning from big brother in the diary room during tonight's show (june 26).
channel 5
it also sees her come face-to-face with ellie for the first time since the incident.
yep, we sense there's still some beef there...
channel 5
channel 5
channel 5
last night's episode was among the most combative in the show's history, with some viewers now calling for the series to be pulled altogether via an online petition.
is this really the most controversial big brother series to date? only time will tell.
big brother continues tonight (june 26) on channel 5.
want entertainment news and features? just hit 'like' on our digital spy facebook page and 'follow' on our twitter account and you're all set. | rɪˈkəvərd jɛt frəm læst naɪts (ʤun 25 ˈhaɪli ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl bɪg ˈbrəðər? wɛl, ˈtudeɪz ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd ˈfɑloʊz ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ ˈæftər ðə bərˈsərk naɪt ˌbiˈfɔr. ðə ɪkˈsploʊsɪv tərn əv ɪˈvɛnts sɔ ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvriˌwən ɪn ðə haʊs kɪk ɔf, wɪθ ˈkɑrtər ˈleɪtər kɪkt aʊt ˈæftər hi θru ə drɪŋk ˈoʊvər ˈhænə hɛd, wɪʧ wɑz ˈoʊnli ðə stɑrt əv ə keɪˈɑtɪk naɪt ɪn ðə haʊs. ˈækʃənz ˈdɪdənt goʊ daʊn wɛl wɪθ ˈsɪstər ˈdɛbərə agboola*, hu riˈæktɪd ˈstrɔŋli tɪ ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ənd ˈɛndɪd əp goʊɪŋ fər pæl, ˈɛli jəŋ. ˈləkəli, ˈhænə wɑz ðɛr tɪ gɪt bɪtˈwin ðə pɛr, bət ðɛr wɑz ə ˈfaɪnəl twɪst ɪn stɔr, ˈæftər ˈhænə kleɪmd ˈɛli hɪt hər ɪn ðə ˈstrəgəl. ˌɪnˈdid, ə ˈvɪdioʊ həz sɪns bɪn riˈlist ʃoʊɪŋ ðət ɪt wɑz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈdɛbərə hu əˈpɪrd tɪ 'hɪt' hər ˌɪnˈstɛd, ˈlidɪŋ ˈdɛbərə tɪ rɪˈsiv ə ˈfɔrməl ˈwɔrnɪŋ frəm bɪg ˈbrəðər ɪn ðə ˈdaɪəri rum ˈdʊrɪŋ təˈnaɪts ʃoʊ (ʤun 26 ˈʧænəl 5 ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ siz hər kəm ˈfeɪstuˈfeɪs wɪθ ˈɛli fər ðə fərst taɪm sɪns ðə ˈɪnsədənt. jɛp, wi sɛns ðɛrz stɪl səm bif ðɛr... ˈʧænəl 5 ˈʧænəl 5 ˈʧænəl 5 læst naɪts ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd wɑz əˈməŋ ðə moʊst ˌkɑmˈbæˌtɪv ɪn ðə ʃoʊz ˈhɪstəri, wɪθ səm vjuərz naʊ ˈkɔlɪŋ fər ðə ˈsɪriz tɪ bi pʊld ˌɔltəˈgɛðər ˈviə ən ˈɔnˌlaɪn pəˈtɪʃən. ɪz ðɪs ˈrɪli ðə moʊst ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl bɪg ˈbrəðər ˈsɪriz tɪ deɪt? ˈoʊnli taɪm wɪl tɛl. bɪg ˈbrəðər kənˈtɪnjuz təˈnaɪt (ʤun 26 ɔn ˈʧænəl 5 wɔnt ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt nuz ənd ˈfiʧərz? ʤɪst hɪt 'laɪk' ɔn ɑr ˈdɪʤɪtəl spaɪ ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ ənd 'ˈfɑloʊ' ɔn ɑr tˈwɪtər əˈkaʊnt ənd jʊr ɔl sɛt. |
transgender prisoner jade follett has been approved to move to a women's prison.
the department of corrections has agreed to shift a transgender prisoner to a women's facility.
it came as the prisoner's lawyer has questioned why a person who identified as a woman and was undergoing hormone therapy was put in a men's prison in the first place.
on thursday prison director chris burns confirmed the request by transgender prisoner jade follett had been approved.
supplied members of the group no pride in prison.
"corrections has a duty of care to all prisoners. we are very much aware and sympathetic to the particular needs of transgender prisoners including the issues surrounding their placement and safety."
follett's transfer will be the fifth since the transgender and prisoner policy took effect in february 2014.
on wednesday transgender activists threatened to go on hunger strike unless corrections moved follett from prison to a women's facility.
read more: * transgender activists threaten hunger strike over treatment of trans woman prisoner
it comes after reports the prisoner, "a strong woman", had to front up to threats in the men's prison.
about 10 members of the no pride in prisons group launched the hunger strike on in auckland on thursday, spokeswoman jennifer shields said.
she said the group had been on the hunger strike for about five hours before hearing that transfer had been approved.
the group was pleased the request was approved, but it was "only the start", she said.
"jade shouldn't have been put in a prison in the first place, their policy isn't working. there would be a system at the start that assessed who they are, their gender, their risk, and put them in the right facility right away."
previously shields said follett had requested the move about two months ago but had not heard back from corrections.
on wednesday, burns said corrections received a request over the weekend from a transgender prisoner to be moved to a prison that accommodated prisoners of their identified gender.
"no other transfer requests of this nature have been made this year."
burns said corrections would treat the request "with urgency".
shields said follett was a strong woman but had been threatened several times in the prison.
"but people have backed down once she stood up for herself."
she said people who thought follett should be in a men's prison did not understand her situation.
"these women are super high risk of sexual assault, it's not a safe place for them to be in."
follett was sentenced to 21 months in prison on july 4 on a charge of injuring with intent, after she stabbed a man aged in his 40s.
her lawyer elizabeth hall said follett she should never have been put in a men's prison in the first place.
hall said follett simply preferred to be called a woman, rather than transgender.
"it was clear she was under hormone therapy, so why does she get put in a men's prison?"
the initial request for a transfer was given by follett to a corrections officer on june 29 or 30, hall said.
because follett never heard back about her request, she simply filed a second request, rather than follow up on the first.
this was the request that corrections mentioned this week, that had been made on the weekend.
hall said follett would be shifted to prison in tawa. | ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər ˈprɪzənər ʤeɪd ˈfɑlɪt həz bɪn əˈpruvd tɪ muv tɪ ə ˈwɪmənz ˈprɪzən. ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv kərˈɛkʃənz həz əˈgrid tɪ ʃɪft ə ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər ˈprɪzənər tɪ ə ˈwɪmənz fəˈsɪlɪti. ɪt keɪm ɛz ðə ˈprɪzənərz ˈlɔjər həz kˈwɛsʧənd waɪ ə ˈpərsən hu aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɛz ə ˈwʊmən ənd wɑz ˌəndərˈgoʊɪŋ ˈhɔrˌmoʊn ˈθɛrəpi wɑz pʊt ɪn ə mɛnz ˈprɪzən ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs. ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ ˈprɪzən dɪˈrɛktər krɪs bərnz kənˈfərmd ðə rɪkˈwɛst baɪ ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər ˈprɪzənər ʤeɪd ˈfɑlɪt hæd bɪn əˈpruvd. səˈplaɪd ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə grup noʊ praɪd ɪn ˈprɪzən. "kərˈɛkʃənz həz ə ˈduti əv kɛr tɪ ɔl ˈprɪzənərz. wi ər ˈvɛri məʧ əˈwɛr ənd ˌsɪmpəˈθɛtɪk tɪ ðə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr nidz əv ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər ˈprɪzənərz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈɪʃuz sərˈaʊndɪŋ ðɛr ˈpleɪsmənt ənd ˈseɪfti." ˈtrænsfər wɪl bi ðə fɪθ sɪns ðə ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər ənd ˈprɪzənər ˈpɑləsi tʊk ˈifɛkt ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2014 ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər ˈæktɪvɪsts θˈrɛtənd tɪ goʊ ɔn ˈhəŋgər straɪk ənˈlɛs kərˈɛkʃənz muvd ˈfɑlɪt frəm ˈprɪzən tɪ ə ˈwɪmənz fəˈsɪlɪti. rɛd mɔr: ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər ˈæktɪvɪsts θˈrɛtən ˈhəŋgər straɪk ˈoʊvər ˈtritmənt əv trænz ˈwʊmən ˈprɪzənər ɪt kəmz ˈæftər rɪˈpɔrts ðə ˈprɪzənər, "ə strɔŋ ˈwʊmən", hæd tɪ frənt əp tɪ θrɛts ɪn ðə mɛnz ˈprɪzən. əˈbaʊt 10 ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə noʊ praɪd ɪn ˈprɪzənz grup lɔnʧt ðə ˈhəŋgər straɪk ɔn ɪn ˈɑklənd ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ, ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən ˈʤɛnəfər ʃildz sɛd. ʃi sɛd ðə grup hæd bɪn ɔn ðə ˈhəŋgər straɪk fər əˈbaʊt faɪv aʊərz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈhirɪŋ ðət ˈtrænsfər hæd bɪn əˈpruvd. ðə grup wɑz plizd ðə rɪkˈwɛst wɑz əˈpruvd, bət ɪt wɑz "ˈoʊnli ðə stɑrt", ʃi sɛd. "ʤeɪd ˈʃʊdənt hæv bɪn pʊt ɪn ə ˈprɪzən ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs, ðɛr ˈpɑləsi ˈɪzənt ˈwərkɪŋ. ðɛr wʊd bi ə ˈsɪstəm æt ðə stɑrt ðət əˈsɛst hu ðeɪ ər, ðɛr ˈʤɛndər, ðɛr rɪsk, ənd pʊt ðɛm ɪn ðə raɪt fəˈsɪlɪti raɪt əˈweɪ." ˈpriviəsli ʃildz sɛd ˈfɑlɪt hæd rɪkˈwɛstɪd ðə muv əˈbaʊt tu mənθs əˈgoʊ bət hæd nɑt hərd bæk frəm kərˈɛkʃənz. ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, bərnz sɛd kərˈɛkʃənz rɪˈsivd ə rɪkˈwɛst ˈoʊvər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd frəm ə ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər ˈprɪzənər tɪ bi muvd tɪ ə ˈprɪzən ðət əˈkɑməˌdeɪtəd ˈprɪzənərz əv ðɛr aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ˈʤɛndər. "noʊ ˈəðər ˈtrænsfər rɪkˈwɛsts əv ðɪs ˈneɪʧər hæv bɪn meɪd ðɪs jɪr." bərnz sɛd kərˈɛkʃənz wʊd trit ðə rɪkˈwɛst "wɪθ ˈərʤənsi". ʃildz sɛd ˈfɑlɪt wɑz ə strɔŋ ˈwʊmən bət hæd bɪn θˈrɛtənd ˈsɛvərəl taɪmz ɪn ðə ˈprɪzən. "bət ˈpipəl hæv bækt daʊn wəns ʃi stʊd əp fər hərˈsɛlf." ʃi sɛd ˈpipəl hu θɔt ˈfɑlɪt ʃʊd bi ɪn ə mɛnz ˈprɪzən dɪd nɑt ˌəndərˈstænd hər ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən. "ðiz ˈwɪmən ər ˈsupər haɪ rɪsk əv ˈsɛkʃuəl əˈsɔlt, ɪts nɑt ə seɪf pleɪs fər ðɛm tɪ bi ɪn." ˈfɑlɪt wɑz ˈsɛntənst tɪ 21 mənθs ɪn ˈprɪzən ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 4 ɔn ə ʧɑrʤ əv ˈɪnʤərɪŋ wɪθ ˌɪnˈtɛnt, ˈæftər ʃi stæbd ə mæn ˈeɪʤɪd ɪn hɪz 40s*. hər ˈlɔjər ɪˈlɪzəbɪθ hɔl sɛd ˈfɑlɪt ʃi ʃʊd ˈnɛvər hæv bɪn pʊt ɪn ə mɛnz ˈprɪzən ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs. hɔl sɛd ˈfɑlɪt ˈsɪmpli prɪˈfərd tɪ bi kɔld ə ˈwʊmən, ˈrəðər ðən ˈtrænzˈʤɛndər. "ɪt wɑz klɪr ʃi wɑz ˈəndər ˈhɔrˌmoʊn ˈθɛrəpi, soʊ waɪ dɪz ʃi gɪt pʊt ɪn ə mɛnz ˈprɪzən?" ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl rɪkˈwɛst fər ə ˈtrænsfər wɑz ˈgɪvɪn baɪ ˈfɑlɪt tɪ ə kərˈɛkʃənz ˈɔfɪsər ɔn ʤun 29 ər 30 hɔl sɛd. bɪˈkəz ˈfɑlɪt ˈnɛvər hərd bæk əˈbaʊt hər rɪkˈwɛst, ʃi ˈsɪmpli faɪld ə ˈsɛkənd rɪkˈwɛst, ˈrəðər ðən ˈfɑloʊ əp ɔn ðə fərst. ðɪs wɑz ðə rɪkˈwɛst ðət kərˈɛkʃənz ˈmɛnʃənd ðɪs wik, ðət hæd bɪn meɪd ɔn ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd. hɔl sɛd ˈfɑlɪt wʊd bi ˈʃɪftɪd tɪ ˈprɪzən ɪn tawa*. |
breion thomas (photo: photo provided)
muncie muncie police say a dispute over a preference for waffles over pancakes turned violent, leading to her arrest.
breion thomas, 24, of the 4500 block of west bethel avenue, was arrested monday on preliminary charges of strangulation, interference with the reporting of a crime, battery resulting in injury and criminal confinement.
according to a police report, thomas’ alleged victim said he “made her some pancakes for breakfast” on saturday and “became angry” when she said she wanted waffles instead.
the woman told officers thomas shoved her several times, punched her in the back of the head, threw her onto a bed and held her down, and “strangled me with my shirt.” he also allegedly took his cellphone to prevent her from calling for help.
the muncie man with no prior convictions, according to local court records was released from the delaware county jail after posting a $15,000 bond.
read or share this story: | breion* ˈtɑməs (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ˈfoʊˌtoʊ prəˈvaɪdɪd) ˈmənsi ˈmənsi pəˈlis seɪ ə dɪˈspjut ˈoʊvər ə ˈprɛfərəns fər ˈwɑfəlz ˈoʊvər ˈpænˌkeɪks tərnd ˈvaɪələnt, ˈlidɪŋ tɪ hər ərˈɛst. ˈtɑməs, 24 əv ðə 4500 blɑk əv wɛst ˈbɛθəl ˈævəˌnu, wɑz ərˈɛstɪd ˈmənˌdeɪ ɔn prɪˈlɪməˌnɛri ˈʧɑrʤɪz əv ˌstræŋgjəˈleɪʃən, ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns wɪθ ðə rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ əv ə kraɪm, ˈbætəri rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn ˈɪnʤəri ənd ˈkrɪmənəl kənˈfaɪnmənt. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə pəˈlis rɪˈpɔrt, thomas’*’ əˈlɛʤd ˈvɪktɪm sɛd hi hər səm ˈpænˌkeɪks fər breakfast”*” ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ənd angry”*” wɪn ʃi sɛd ʃi ˈwɔntɪd ˈwɑfəlz ˌɪnˈstɛd. ðə ˈwʊmən toʊld ˈɔfɪsərz ˈtɑməs ʃəvd hər ˈsɛvərəl taɪmz, pənʧt hər ɪn ðə bæk əv ðə hɛd, θru hər ˈɔntu ə bɛd ənd hɛld hər daʊn, ənd mi wɪθ maɪ shirt.”*.” hi ˈɔlsoʊ əˈlɛʤədli tʊk hɪz ˈsɛlfoʊn tɪ prɪˈvɛnt hər frəm ˈkɔlɪŋ fər hɛlp. ðə ˈmənsi mæn wɪθ noʊ praɪər kənˈvɪkʃənz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈloʊkəl kɔrt ˈrɛkərdz wɑz riˈlist frəm ðə ˈdɛləˌwɛr ˈkaʊnti ʤeɪl ˈæftər ˈpoʊstɪŋ ə bɑnd. rɛd ər ʃɛr ðɪs ˈstɔri: |
I've always been a huge fan of the sour gummy worms and my secret santa sent me a 5 lb bag!! These may last me like a week knowing me... As far as the book on Greece, I have this beautiful pen pal in Greece that I would really like to meet in person. I would also like to visit Greece one day because it looks so beautiful! Maybe not too soon though, given their socioeconomic conditions. But this book will remind me greatly of my friend there.
This was an awesome gift. I really appreciated the note inside. It was very encouraging and just really nice to read. My Secret Santa told me to go visit while I can! I'm not sure how well we would be able to communicate in person because she is still working on her English skills hahaha.
Loved the gift. Merry Christmas to you, Secret Santa. | aɪv ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ə juʤ fæn əv ðə saʊər ˈgəmi wərmz ənd maɪ ˈsikrɪt ˈsænə sɛnt mi ə 5 paʊnd bæg!! ðiz meɪ læst mi laɪk ə wik noʊɪŋ mi... ɛz fɑr ɛz ðə bʊk ɔn gris, aɪ hæv ðɪs ˈbjutəfəl pɛn pæl ɪn gris ðət aɪ wʊd ˈrɪli laɪk tɪ mit ɪn ˈpərsən. aɪ wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ laɪk tɪ ˈvɪzɪt gris wən deɪ bɪˈkəz ɪt lʊks soʊ ˈbjutəfəl! ˈmeɪbi nɑt tu sun ðoʊ, ˈgɪvɪn ðɛr soʊˌsiˌoʊˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk kənˈdɪʃənz. bət ðɪs bʊk wɪl riˈmaɪnd mi ˈgreɪtli əv maɪ frɛnd ðɛr. ðɪs wɑz ən ˈɔsəm gɪft. aɪ ˈrɪli əˈpriʃiˌeɪtɪd ðə noʊt ˌɪnˈsaɪd. ɪt wɑz ˈvɛri ɪnˈkərəʤɪŋ ənd ʤɪst ˈrɪli nis tɪ rɛd. maɪ ˈsikrɪt ˈsænə toʊld mi tɪ goʊ ˈvɪzɪt waɪl aɪ kən! əm nɑt ʃʊr haʊ wɛl wi wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt ɪn ˈpərsən bɪˈkəz ʃi ɪz stɪl ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn hər ˈɪŋlɪʃ skɪlz hahaha*. ləvd ðə gɪft. ˈmɛri ˈkrɪsməs tɪ ju, ˈsikrɪt ˈsænə. |
a controversial symposium
the international symposium on information theory is not known for its racy content or politically charged presentations, but the session at cornell university on october 10, 1977, was a special case. in addition to talks with titles like “distribution-free inequalities for the deleted and holdout error estimates,” the conference featured the work of a group from stanford that had drawn the ire of the national security agency and the attention of the national press. the researchers in question were martin hellman, then an associate professor of electrical engineering, and his students steve, ms, phd, and ralph merkle, phd.
a year earlier, hellman had published “new directions in” with his student whitfield, gr.. the paper introduced the principles that now form the basis for all modern, and its publication rightfully caused a stir among electrical engineers and computer scientists. as hellman recalled in a 2004 oral history, the nonmilitary reaction to the paper was “ecstatic.” in contrast, the “nsa was apoplectic.”
the fact that hellman and his students were challenging the u.s. longstanding domestic monopoly on deeply annoyed many in the intelligence community. the acknowledged that and hellman had come up with their ideas without access to classified materials. even so, in the words of an internal history declassified in 2009 and now held in the stanford archives, “nsa regarded the [diffie-hellman] technique as classified. now it was out in the open.”
the tension between hellman and the only worsened in the months leading up to the 1977 symposium. in july, someone named j. a. meyer sent a shrill letter to the institute of electrical and electronics engineers, which had published papers and was holding the conference. it began:
i have noticed in the past months that various groups have been publishing and exporting technical articles on encryption and a technical field which is covered by federal regulations, viz: itar (international traffic in arms regulations, 22).
meyer’s letter asserted that the and the authors of the relevant papers might be subject to prosecution under federal laws prohibiting arms trafficking, communication of atomic secrets and disclosure of classified information.
without naming hellman or his co-authors, meyer specified the issues of’s transactions on information theory journal and computer magazine in which articles appeared. meyer concluded ominously that “these modern weapons technologies, uncontrollably disseminated, could have more than academic effect.”
meyer’s letter alarmed many in the academic community and drew coverage by science and the new york times for two main reasons. first, the letter suggested that merely publishing a scientific paper on would be the legal equivalent of exporting nuclear weapons to a foreign country. if interpretation of the law was correct, it seemed to place severe restrictions on researchers’ freedom to publish. second, deborah shapley and gina of science magazine discovered that meyer was an employee.
as soon as hellman received a copy of the letter, he recognized that continuing to publish might put him and his students in legal jeopardy, so he sought advice from stanford university counsel john schwartz.
in his memo to schwartz, hellman made a lucid case for the value of research. astutely, hellman first acknowledged that the u.s. tight control over techniques proved enormously useful in world war ii: allied forces used confidential discoveries to improve their own encryption systems while denying those same benefits to axis powers. even so, hellman argued that circumstances had changed.
[t]here is a commercial need today that did not exist in the 1940’s. the growing use of automated information processing equipment poses a real economic and privacy threat. although it is a remote possibility, the danger of initially inadvertent police state type surveillance through computerization must be considered. from that point of view, inadequate commercial (which our publications are trying to avoid) poses an internal national security threat.
in the memo, hellman described how his earlier attempts to prevent “stepping on [the] toes” of the failed when the staffers would not even disclose which areas of research hellman should avoid.
responding to hellman a few days later, schwartz opined that publishing research would not in itself violate federal law. his findings had a strong legal basis: two regulations governed classified information in the united states at the time an executive order and the atomic energy act of 1954 and neither seemed to prevent the publication of unclassified research on.
sharing the stealth: merkle, hellman and ended monopoly on. (photo by chuck news service)
there was only one other likely legal tool that the federal government could use to prevent the stanford group from disseminating their work: the arms export control act of 1976, which regulated the export of military equipment. under a generous interpretation of the law, giving a public presentation on algorithms could constitute “export” of arms. it was not clear, however, that a prosecution under this act would stand up to a legal challenge on first amendment grounds.
evaluating these laws together, schwartz concluded that hellman and his students could legally continue to publish. at the same time, schwartz noted wryly, “at least one contrary view [of the law] exists” that of joseph a. meyer. hellman later recalled informal advice: “if you are prosecuted, stanford will defend you. but if found guilty, we pay your fine and we go to jail for you.”
the cornell symposium was to begin three days after schwartz offered his legal opinion; hellman, merkle and had to quickly decide whether to proceed with their presentations in spite of the threat of prosecution, fines and jail time. graduate students typically present their own research at academic conferences, but according to hellman, schwartz recommended against it in this case. since the students were not employees of stanford, it might be more difficult for the university to justify paying their legal bills. schwartz also reasoned that dealing with a lengthy court case would be harder for a young phd student than for a tenured faculty member. hellman left the decision up to the students.
according to hellman, merkle and at first said, “we need to give the papers, the hell with this.” after speaking with their families, though, the students agreed to let hellman present on their behalf.
in the end, the symposium took place without incident. merkle and stood on stage while hellman gave the presentation. the fact that the conference went ahead as planned, science observed, “left little doubt that the work [in] has been widely circulated.” that a group of nongovernmental researchers could publicly discuss cutting-edge algorithms signaled the end of the u.s. domestic control of information on. | ə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl sɪmˈpoʊziəm ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl sɪmˈpoʊziəm ɔn ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈθɪri ɪz nɑt noʊn fər ɪts ˈreɪsi ˈkɑntɛnt ər ˈplɪtɪkli ʧɑrʤd ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃənz, bət ðə ˈsɛʃən æt kɔrˈnɛl ˌjunəˈvərsəti ɔn ɑkˈtoʊbər 10 1977 wɑz ə ˈspɛʃəl keɪs. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ tɔks wɪθ ˈtaɪtəlz laɪk ˌɪnɪkˈwɑlɪtiz fər ðə dɪˈlitəd ənd ˈhoʊlˌdaʊt ˈɛrər estimates,”*,” ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈfiʧərd ðə wərk əv ə grup frəm ˈstænfərd ðət hæd drɔn ðə aɪr əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈeɪʤənsi ənd ðə əˈtɛnʃən əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl prɛs. ðə ˈrisərʧərz ɪn kˈwɛʃən wər ˈmɑrtɪn ˈhɛlmən, ðɛn ən əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt prəˈfɛsər əv ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ, ənd hɪz ˈstudənts stiv, mɪz ˈpiˌeɪʧˈdi ənd rælf ˈmərkəl, ˈpiˌeɪʧˈdi ə jɪr ˈərliər, ˈhɛlmən hæd ˈpəblɪʃt dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz ɪn cryptography”*” wɪθ hɪz ˈstudənt ˈwɪtfild, gr*. ðə ˈpeɪpər ˌɪntrəˈdust ðə ˈprɪnsəpəlz ðət naʊ fɔrm ðə ˈbeɪsɪs fər ɔl ˈmɑdərn, ənd ɪts ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən ˈraɪtfəli kɔzd ə stər əˈməŋ ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz ənd kəmˈpjutər ˈsaɪəntɪsts. ɛz ˈhɛlmən rɪˈkɔld ɪn ə 2004 ˈɔrəl ˈhɪstəri, ðə nɑnˈmɪləˌtɛri riˈækʃən tɪ ðə ˈpeɪpər wɑz ““ecstatic.”*.” ɪn ˈkɑntræst, ðə wɑz apoplectic.”*.” ðə fækt ðət ˈhɛlmən ənd hɪz ˈstudənts wər ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ðə juz. ˈlɔŋˌstændɪŋ dəˈmɛstɪk məˈnɑpəli ɔn ˈdipli əˈnɔɪd ˈmɛni ɪn ðə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəmˈjunɪti. ðə ækˈnɑlɪʤd ðət ənd ˈhɛlmən hæd kəm əp wɪθ ðɛr aɪˈdiəz wɪˈθaʊt ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈklæsəˌfaɪd məˈtɪriəlz. ˈivɪn soʊ, ɪn ðə wərdz əv ən ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈhɪstəri dɪˈklæsəˌfaɪd ɪn 2009 ənd naʊ hɛld ɪn ðə ˈstænfərd ˈɑrˌkaɪvz, rɪˈgɑrdɪd ðə [diffie-hellman*] tɛkˈnik ɛz ˈklæsəˌfaɪd. naʊ ɪt wɑz aʊt ɪn ðə open.”*.” ðə ˈtɛnʃən bɪtˈwin ˈhɛlmən ənd ðə ˈoʊnli ˈwərsənd ɪn ðə mənθs ˈlidɪŋ əp tɪ ðə 1977 sɪmˈpoʊziəm. ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ, ˈsəmˌwən neɪmd ʤeɪ. ə. maɪər sɛnt ə ʃrɪl ˈlɛtər tɪ ðə ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ənd ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪks ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz, wɪʧ hæd ˈpəblɪʃt ˈpeɪpərz ənd wɑz ˈhoʊldɪŋ ðə ˈkɑnfərəns. ɪt bɪˈgæn: aɪ hæv ˈnoʊtɪst ɪn ðə pæst mənθs ðət ˈvɛriəs grups hæv bɪn ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ ənd ɪkˈspɔrtɪŋ ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈɑrtɪkəlz ɔn ɛnˈkrɪpʃən ənd ə ˈtɛknɪkəl fild wɪʧ ɪz ˈkəvərd baɪ ˈfɛdərəl ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz, viz*: ˈiˌtɑr (ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈtræfɪk ɪn ɑrmz ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz, 22 ˈlɛtər əˈsərtəd ðət ðə ənd ðə ˈɔθərz əv ðə ˈrɛləvənt ˈpeɪpərz maɪt bi ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən ˈəndər ˈfɛdərəl lɔz proʊˈhɪbətɪŋ ɑrmz ˈtræfɪkɪŋ, kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən əv əˈtɑmɪk ˈsikrɪts ənd dɪˈskloʊʒər əv ˈklæsəˌfaɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. wɪˈθaʊt ˈneɪmɪŋ ˈhɛlmən ər hɪz co-authors*, maɪər ˈspɛsəˌfaɪd ðə ˈɪʃuz əv trænˈzækʃənz ɔn ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈθɪri ˈʤərnəl ənd kəmˈpjutər ˈmægəˌzin ɪn wɪʧ ˈɑrtɪkəlz əˈpɪrd. maɪər kənˈkludɪd ˈɑmənəsli ðət ˈmɑdərn ˈwɛpənz tɛkˈnɑləʤiz, ˌənkənˈtroʊləbli dɪˈsɛməˌneɪtəd, kʊd hæv mɔr ðən ˌækəˈdɛmɪk effect.”*.” ˈlɛtər əˈlɑrmd ˈmɛni ɪn ðə ˌækəˈdɛmɪk kəmˈjunɪti ənd dru ˈkəvərɪʤ baɪ saɪəns ənd ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz fər tu meɪn ˈrizənz. fərst, ðə ˈlɛtər səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ˈmɪrli ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ ə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈpeɪpər ɔn wʊd bi ðə ˈligəl ɪkˈwɪvələnt əv ɪkˈspɔrtɪŋ ˈnukliər ˈwɛpənz tɪ ə ˈfɔrən ˈkəntri. ɪf ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən əv ðə lɔ wɑz kərˈɛkt, ɪt simd tɪ pleɪs səˈvɪr riˈstrɪkʃənz ɔn researchers’*’ ˈfridəm tɪ ˈpəblɪʃ. ˈsɛkənd, ˈdɛbərə ˈʃæpli ənd ˈʤinə əv saɪəns ˈmægəˌzin dɪˈskəvərd ðət maɪər wɑz ən ɪmˈplɔɪi. ɛz sun ɛz ˈhɛlmən rɪˈsivd ə ˈkɑpi əv ðə ˈlɛtər, hi ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd ðət kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ tɪ ˈpəblɪʃ maɪt pʊt ɪm ənd hɪz ˈstudənts ɪn ˈligəl ˈʤɛpərdi, soʊ hi sɔt ədˈvaɪs frəm ˈstænfərd ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈkaʊnsəl ʤɑn ʃwɔrts. ɪn hɪz ˈmɛˌmoʊ tɪ ʃwɔrts, ˈhɛlmən meɪd ə ˈlusɪd keɪs fər ðə ˈvælju əv ˈrisərʧ. əˈstutli, ˈhɛlmən fərst ækˈnɑlɪʤd ðət ðə juz. taɪt kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər tɛkˈniks pruvd ɪˈnɔrməsli ˈjusfəl ɪn wərld wɔr ii*: ˈæˌlaɪd ˈfɔrsɪz juzd ˌkɑnfəˈdɛnʃəl dɪˈskəvəriz tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛr oʊn ɛnˈkrɪpʃən ˈsɪstəmz waɪl dɪˈnaɪɪŋ ðoʊz seɪm ˈbɛnəfɪts tɪ ˈæksəs paʊərz. ˈivɪn soʊ, ˈhɛlmən ˈɑrgjud ðət ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz hæd ʧeɪnʤd. ɪz ə kəˈmərʃəl nid təˈdeɪ ðət dɪd nɑt ɪgˈzɪst ɪn ðə 1940’s*. ðə groʊɪŋ juz əv ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ɪkˈwɪpmənt ˈpoʊzɪz ə ril ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ənd ˈpraɪvəsi θrɛt. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt ɪz ə rɪˈmoʊt ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti, ðə ˈdeɪnʤər əv ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ˌɪnədˈvərtənt pəˈlis steɪt taɪp sərˈveɪləns θru kəmˌpjutərɪˈzeɪʃən məst bi kənˈsɪdərd. frəm ðət pɔɪnt əv vju, ˌɪˈnædəkˌweɪt kəˈmərʃəl (wɪʧ ɑr ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz ər traɪɪŋ tɪ əˈvɔɪd) ˈpoʊzɪz ən ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti θrɛt. ɪn ðə ˈmɛˌmoʊ, ˈhɛlmən dɪˈskraɪbd haʊ hɪz ˈərliər əˈtɛmpts tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ɔn [ðə] toes”*” əv ðə feɪld wɪn ðə ˈstæfərz wʊd nɑt ˈivɪn dɪˈskloʊz wɪʧ ˈɛriəz əv ˈrisərʧ ˈhɛlmən ʃʊd əˈvɔɪd. rɪˈspɑndɪŋ tɪ ˈhɛlmən ə fju deɪz ˈleɪtər, ʃwɔrts oʊˈpaɪnd ðət ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ ˈrisərʧ wʊd nɑt ɪn ˌɪtˈsɛlf ˈvaɪəleɪt ˈfɛdərəl lɔ. hɪz ˈfaɪndɪŋz hæd ə strɔŋ ˈligəl ˈbeɪsɪs: tu ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz ˈgəvərnd ˈklæsəˌfaɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts æt ðə taɪm ən ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈɔrdər ənd ðə əˈtɑmɪk ˈɛnərʤi ækt əv 1954 ənd ˈniðər simd tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ənˈklæsɪˌfaɪd ˈrisərʧ ɔn. ˈʃɛrɪŋ ðə stɛlθ: ˈmərkəl, ˈhɛlmən ənd ˈɛndɪd məˈnɑpəli ɔn. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ baɪ ʧək nuz ˈsərvɪs) ðɛr wɑz ˈoʊnli wən ˈəðər ˈlaɪkli ˈligəl tul ðət ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt kʊd juz tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ðə ˈstænfərd grup frəm dɪˈsɛməˌneɪtɪŋ ðɛr wərk: ðə ɑrmz ˈɛkspɔrt kənˈtroʊl ækt əv 1976 wɪʧ ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd ðə ˈɛkspɔrt əv ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ɪkˈwɪpmənt. ˈəndər ə ˈʤɛnərəs ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən əv ðə lɔ, ˈgɪvɪŋ ə ˈpəblɪk ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən ɔn ˈælgərˌɪðəmz kʊd ˈkɑnstəˌtut ““export”*” əv ɑrmz. ɪt wɑz nɑt klɪr, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət ə ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən ˈəndər ðɪs ækt wʊd stænd əp tɪ ə ˈligəl ˈʧælənʤ ɔn fərst əˈmɛndmənt graʊnz. ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ ðiz lɔz təˈgɛðər, ʃwɔrts kənˈkludɪd ðət ˈhɛlmən ənd hɪz ˈstudənts kʊd ˈligəli kənˈtɪnju tɪ ˈpəblɪʃ. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ʃwɔrts ˈnoʊtɪd ˈraɪli, list wən ˈkɑntrɛri vju [əv ðə lɔ] exists”*” ðət əv ˈʤoʊzəf ə. maɪər. ˈhɛlmən ˈleɪtər rɪˈkɔld ˌɪnˈfɔrməl ədˈvaɪs: ju ər ˈprɑsɪˌkjutɪd, ˈstænfərd wɪl dɪˈfɛnd ju. bət ɪf faʊnd ˈgɪlti, wi peɪ jʊr faɪn ənd wi goʊ tɪ ʤeɪl fər you.”*.” ðə kɔrˈnɛl sɪmˈpoʊziəm wɑz tɪ bɪˈgɪn θri deɪz ˈæftər ʃwɔrts ˈɔfərd hɪz ˈligəl əˈpɪnjən; ˈhɛlmən, ˈmərkəl ənd hæd tɪ kˈwɪkli ˌdɪˈsaɪd ˈwɛðər tɪ pərˈsid wɪθ ðɛr ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃənz ɪn spaɪt əv ðə θrɛt əv ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən, faɪnz ənd ʤeɪl taɪm. ˈgræʤəˌweɪt ˈstudənts ˈtɪpɪkəli ˈprɛzənt ðɛr oʊn ˈrisərʧ æt ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˈkɑnfərənsəz, bət əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈhɛlmən, ʃwɔrts ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd əˈgɛnst ɪt ɪn ðɪs keɪs. sɪns ðə ˈstudənts wər nɑt ɪmˈplɔɪiz əv ˈstænfərd, ɪt maɪt bi mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt fər ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ peɪɪŋ ðɛr ˈligəl bɪlz. ʃwɔrts ˈɔlsoʊ ˈrizənd ðət ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ə ˈlɛŋθi kɔrt keɪs wʊd bi ˈhɑrdər fər ə jəŋ ˈpiˌeɪʧˈdi ˈstudənt ðən fər ə ˈtɛnjərd ˈfækəlti ˈmɛmbər. ˈhɛlmən lɛft ðə dɪˈsɪʒən əp tɪ ðə ˈstudənts. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈhɛlmən, ˈmərkəl ənd æt fərst sɛd, nid tɪ gɪv ðə ˈpeɪpərz, ðə hɛl wɪθ this.”*.” ˈæftər ˈspikɪŋ wɪθ ðɛr ˈfæməliz, ðoʊ, ðə ˈstudənts əˈgrid tɪ lɛt ˈhɛlmən ˈprɛzənt ɔn ðɛr bɪˈhæf. ɪn ðə ɛnd, ðə sɪmˈpoʊziəm tʊk pleɪs wɪˈθaʊt ˈɪnsədənt. ˈmərkəl ənd stʊd ɔn steɪʤ waɪl ˈhɛlmən geɪv ðə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən. ðə fækt ðət ðə ˈkɑnfərəns wɛnt əˈhɛd ɛz plænd, saɪəns əbˈzərvd, ˈlɪtəl daʊt ðət ðə wərk [ɪn] həz bɪn ˈwaɪdli circulated.”*.” ðət ə grup əv nɑnˌgəvərnˈmɛntəl ˈrisərʧərz kʊd ˈpəblɪkli dɪˈskəs ˈkətɪˌŋɛʤ ˈælgərˌɪðəmz ˈsɪgnəld ðə ɛnd əv ðə juz. dəˈmɛstɪk kənˈtroʊl əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn. |
craig conway has signed a new contract with blackburn rovers.
the winger has put pen to paper on a year deal tying him to the club until the summer of 2018.
conway, speaking to rovers player hd, said: “i’m absolutely delighted. it seems like forever that been speaking about it, but just delighted to sign and to stay here for another years.
“i’ve really enjoyed the time that been here and the minute that we spoke about a new contract i was really keen to get it done.
“with the change of manager, there was obviously a slight delay on it, but luckily for me the new manager was happy for it to go ahead.
“my family is settled here and everything is going well. from the day i signed, it just felt right and luckily on the pitch gone really well for me.
“i’ve grown in confidence and i feel as though improved as well and the that played with as well have obviously helped that.”
fans’ favourite conway, 30, has scored 10 goals and contributed 29 assists in 80 appearances since his move from cardiff city in january 2014. | kreɪg ˈkɑnˌweɪ həz saɪnd ə nu ˈkɑnˌtrækt wɪθ ˈblækbərn ˈroʊvərz. ðə ˈwɪŋər həz pʊt pɛn tɪ ˈpeɪpər ɔn ə jɪr dil taɪɪŋ ɪm tɪ ðə kləb ənˈtɪl ðə ˈsəmər əv 2018 ˈkɑnˌweɪ, ˈspikɪŋ tɪ ˈroʊvərz pleɪər hd*, sɛd: ˌæbsəˈlutli dɪˈlaɪtɪd. ɪt simz laɪk fərˈɛvər ðət bɪn ˈspikɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt, bət ʤɪst dɪˈlaɪtɪd tɪ saɪn ənd tɪ steɪ hir fər əˈnəðər jɪrz. ˈrɪli ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ðə taɪm ðət bɪn hir ənd ðə ˈmɪnət ðət wi spoʊk əˈbaʊt ə nu ˈkɑnˌtrækt aɪ wɑz ˈrɪli kin tɪ gɪt ɪt dən. ðə ʧeɪnʤ əv ˈmænɪʤər, ðɛr wɑz ˈɑbviəsli ə slaɪt dɪˈleɪ ɔn ɪt, bət ˈləkəli fər mi ðə nu ˈmænɪʤər wɑz ˈhæpi fər ɪt tɪ goʊ əˈhɛd. ˈfæməli ɪz ˈsɛtəld hir ənd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɪz goʊɪŋ wɛl. frəm ðə deɪ aɪ saɪnd, ɪt ʤɪst fɛlt raɪt ənd ˈləkəli ɔn ðə pɪʧ gɔn ˈrɪli wɛl fər mi. groʊn ɪn ˈkɑnfədɛns ənd aɪ fil ɛz ðoʊ ˌɪmˈpruvd ɛz wɛl ənd ðə ðət pleɪd wɪθ ɛz wɛl hæv ˈɑbviəsli hɛlpt that.”*.” fans’*’ ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈkɑnˌweɪ, 30 həz skɔrd 10 goʊlz ənd kənˈtrɪbjutɪd 29 əˈsɪsts ɪn 80 əˈpɪrənsəz sɪns hɪz muv frəm ˈkɑrdɪf ˈsɪti ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2014 |
some people never leave the house in the morning without coffee. others walk out the door without first catching the news. and some claim their cell phone as their one necessity item. but for me, breakfast. i cannot leave my house without first figuring out to eat.
i’m a huge fan of breakfast and treat it as a special part of my everyday routine. weekdays are a bit rushed leaving me little time for elaborate items like pancakes or quiche. but weekends? another story. i find few things more alluring than waking up at a leisurely hour, to the kitchen and making a delicious breakfast to be eaten over coffee in bed.
although pancakes are my all-time favorite morning item, always up for trying new recipes. so when i saw this idea to crack an egg into an avocado and bake it, i knew i had to try it.
besides it being incredibly good for you with healthy fats, nutrients and loads of protein the process is also quite easy, and would be the perfect ‘egg in a basket’ treat to serve your family this easter for a breakfast or brunch.
to prepare the dish, simply your oven to 425 degrees and place a or skillet on the middle rack. then, cut a ripe avocado in half, remove the pit, and using a spoon, scoop out a little bit more of the avocado to make more room for the egg. if your base is wobbly, you may want to slice a little of the skin off to stabilize it.
next, carefully remove the heated pan from the oven and crack a small egg into the hole of the avocado, reserving a small amount of the white if it looks like it will overflow. then season as desired, place the skillet back in the oven, and cook until the egg white is completely cooked. depending on how done you prefer your yolk, this should take about minutes.
tip: covering the skillet with an lid would speed the process if low on time.
once the egg is done, serve it alongside fruit salad, toast or a whole wheat tortilla with salsa for some flair. i opted to scoop mine out, smear it on my toast and top it with a little more salt and pepper. i found just one half to be incredibly filling and satisfying.
i love this idea and would highly recommend it to other adventurous eaters like myself. kids would no doubt love the playfulness of this dish. and considering how healthy it is, it would be a great choice to balance out all the chocolate bunnies and malt balls to be found in their candy baskets this easter.
enjoy!
also read:
egg in an avocado recipe
best and worst easter basket candies
easter recipes that are in season | səm ˈpipəl ˈnɛvər liv ðə haʊs ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ wɪˈθaʊt ˈkɔfi. ˈəðərz wɔk aʊt ðə dɔr wɪˈθaʊt fərst ˈkæʧɪŋ ðə nuz. ənd səm kleɪm ðɛr sɛl foʊn ɛz ðɛr wən nəˈsɛsɪti ˈaɪtəm. bət fər mi, ˈbrɛkfəst. aɪ ˈkænɑt liv maɪ haʊs wɪˈθaʊt fərst ˈfɪgjərɪŋ aʊt tɪ it. ə juʤ fæn əv ˈbrɛkfəst ənd trit ɪt ɛz ə ˈspɛʃəl pɑrt əv maɪ ˈɛvriˈdeɪ ruˈtin. ˈwikˌdeɪz ər ə bɪt rəʃt ˈlivɪŋ mi ˈlɪtəl taɪm fər ɪˈlæbərˌeɪt ˈaɪtəmz laɪk ˈpænˌkeɪks ər kiʃ. bət ˈwiˌkɛndz? əˈnəðər ˈstɔri. aɪ faɪnd fju θɪŋz mɔr əˈlʊrɪŋ ðən ˈweɪkɪŋ əp æt ə ˈlizərli aʊər, tɪ ðə ˈkɪʧən ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə dɪˈlɪʃəs ˈbrɛkfəst tɪ bi ˈitən ˈoʊvər ˈkɔfi ɪn bɛd. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈpænˌkeɪks ər maɪ ˌɔlˈtaɪm ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈmɔrnɪŋ ˈaɪtəm, ˈɔlˌweɪz əp fər traɪɪŋ nu ˈrɛsəpiz. soʊ wɪn aɪ sɔ ðɪs aɪˈdiə tɪ kræk ən ɛg ˈɪntu ən ˌævəˈkɑdoʊ ənd beɪk ɪt, aɪ nu aɪ hæd tɪ traɪ ɪt. ˌbiˈsaɪdz ɪt biɪŋ ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli gʊd fər ju wɪθ ˈhɛlθi fæts, ˈnutriənts ənd loʊdz əv ˈproʊˌtin ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ kwaɪt ˈizi, ənd wʊd bi ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt ɪn ə basket’*’ trit tɪ sərv jʊr ˈfæməli ðɪs ˈistər fər ə ˈbrɛkfəst ər brənʧ. tɪ priˈpɛr ðə dɪʃ, ˈsɪmpli jʊr ˈəvən tɪ 425 dɪˈgriz ənd pleɪs ə ər ˈskɪlət ɔn ðə ˈmɪdəl ræk. ðɛn, kət ə raɪp ˌævəˈkɑdoʊ ɪn hæf, riˈmuv ðə pɪt, ənd ˈjuzɪŋ ə spun, skup aʊt ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt mɔr əv ðə ˌævəˈkɑdoʊ tɪ meɪk mɔr rum fər ðə ɛg. ɪf jʊr beɪs ɪz ˈwɑbəli, ju meɪ wɔnt tɪ slaɪs ə ˈlɪtəl əv ðə skɪn ɔf tɪ ˈsteɪbəˌlaɪz ɪt. nɛkst, ˈkɛrfəli riˈmuv ðə ˈhitɪd pæn frəm ðə ˈəvən ənd kræk ə smɔl ɛg ˈɪntu ðə hoʊl əv ðə ˌævəˈkɑdoʊ, rɪˈzərvɪŋ ə smɔl əˈmaʊnt əv ðə waɪt ɪf ɪt lʊks laɪk ɪt wɪl ˌoʊvərˈfloʊ. ðɛn ˈsizən ɛz dɪˈzaɪərd, pleɪs ðə ˈskɪlət bæk ɪn ðə ˈəvən, ənd kʊk ənˈtɪl ðə ɛg waɪt ɪz kəmˈplitli kʊkt. dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn haʊ dən ju prɪˈfər jʊr joʊk, ðɪs ʃʊd teɪk əˈbaʊt ˈmɪnəts. tɪp: ˈkəvərɪŋ ðə ˈskɪlət wɪθ ən lɪd wʊd spid ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪf loʊ ɔn taɪm. wəns ðə ɛg ɪz dən, sərv ɪt əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd frut ˈsæləd, toʊst ər ə hoʊl wit tɔrˈtiə wɪθ ˈsɑlsə fər səm flɛr. aɪ ˈɑptɪd tɪ skup maɪn aʊt, smɪr ɪt ɔn maɪ toʊst ənd tɔp ɪt wɪθ ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr sɔlt ənd ˈpɛpər. aɪ faʊnd ʤɪst wən hæf tɪ bi ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈfɪlɪŋ ənd ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ. aɪ ləv ðɪs aɪˈdiə ənd wʊd ˈhaɪli ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd ɪt tɪ ˈəðər ædˈvɛnʧərəs ˈitərz laɪk ˌmaɪˈsɛlf. kɪdz wʊd noʊ daʊt ləv ðə ˈpleɪfəlnəs əv ðɪs dɪʃ. ənd kənˈsɪdərɪŋ haʊ ˈhɛlθi ɪt ɪz, ɪt wʊd bi ə greɪt ʧɔɪs tɪ ˈbæləns aʊt ɔl ðə ˈʧɔklət ˈbəniz ənd mɔlt bɔlz tɪ bi faʊnd ɪn ðɛr ˈkændi ˈbæskəts ðɪs ˈistər. ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ! ˈɔlsoʊ rɛd: ɛg ɪn ən ˌævəˈkɑdoʊ ˈrɛsəpi bɛst ənd wərst ˈistər ˈbæskət ˈkændiz ˈistər ˈrɛsəpiz ðət ər ɪn ˈsizən |
a ohio father decided to air his over his common core math curriculum, by writing the school a check have to figure out before cashing.
instead of a dollar amount, the father used a cryptic series of “x’s” and “o’s” accompanying eight boxes with more “o’s” to indicate the amount on the check, reported.
the confusing series of letters is in line with controversial common core math curriculum that is implemented in 46 states.
officials at melridge elementary in painesville, ohio, will likely have to teach the bank teller how to calculate the cash amount using the common core method if they want to cash the check, or find a student to help them figure it out, said 10 news in tampa bay.
copyright 2019 the washington times, llc. click here for reprint permission. | ə oʊˈhaɪoʊ ˈfɑðər ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ɛr hɪz ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈkɑmən kɔr mæθ kərˈɪkjələm, baɪ ˈraɪtɪŋ ðə skul ə ʧɛk hæv tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt ˌbiˈfɔr ˈkæʃɪŋ. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə ˈdɔlər əˈmaʊnt, ðə ˈfɑðər juzd ə ˈkrɪptɪk ˈsɪriz əv ““x’s”*” ənd ““o’s”*” əˈkəmpəniɪŋ eɪt ˈbɑksɪz wɪθ mɔr ““o’s”*” tɪ ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðə əˈmaʊnt ɔn ðə ʧɛk, ˌriˈpɔrtəd. ðə kənfˈjuzɪŋ ˈsɪriz əv ˈlɛtərz ɪz ɪn laɪn wɪθ ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈkɑmən kɔr mæθ kərˈɪkjələm ðət ɪz ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ɪn 46 steɪts. əˈfɪʃəlz æt ˈmɛˌlrɪʤ ˌɛləˈmɛnʧri ɪn ˈpeɪnzˌvɪl, oʊˈhaɪoʊ, wɪl ˈlaɪkli hæv tɪ tiʧ ðə bæŋk ˈtɛlər haʊ tɪ ˈkælkjəˌleɪt ðə kæʃ əˈmaʊnt ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈkɑmən kɔr ˈmɛθəd ɪf ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ kæʃ ðə ʧɛk, ər faɪnd ə ˈstudənt tɪ hɛlp ðɛm ˈfɪgjər ɪt aʊt, sɛd 10 nuz ɪn ˈtæmpə beɪ. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt 2019 ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən taɪmz, llc*. klɪk hir fər riˈprɪnt pərˈmɪʃən. |
according to, tool is a cracker which supports numerous protocols to attack. it is very fast and flexible, and new modules are easy to add.
this tool makes it possible for researchers and security consultants to show how easy it would be to gain unauthorized access to a system remotely.
also read : offline password cracking with john the ripper tutorial
thc-hydra tool will work in 4 modes:
one & one password
user-list & one password
one & password list
user-list & password list
hydra has various options:
target settings of various target options
passwords specify password options &
tuning specify how fast should hydra work. other timing options are also available.
specific for testing on specific targets like a domain, proxy etc.
start & shows the output.
step 1:
find the hydra from by searching xhydra.
here we are setting our target ip your remote target) in target area.
we are using authentication for communicate to remote target
target: protocol :
bottom of the tool we can see command line which is automatically create when we set out settings in of
step 2:
we perform attack by using a containing most common passwords to break into the root account. you can add “n” number of passwords to your word list.
in passwords area , we set our as “root” and specified our.txt location in password list box(/root/password/txt).
kali linux comes with built in word lists.
search them using the command: locate in terminal.
command: locate
step 3:
in tuning area , we set the number of task that we are going to perform .
i set 1 tasks for the attack.
you can set proxy as no proxy.
step 4:
we can go ahead and trigger the start attach by clicking the start button.
you can see clearly the terminal command line in the bottom of the tool which is about the target ip, a protocol that we used and of dictionary list (password.txt)
finally, e have got the result about our target system id and password
login id: root
password:
also read: | əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ, tul ɪz ə ˈkrækər wɪʧ səˈpɔrts ˈnumərəs ˈproʊtəˌkɔlz tɪ əˈtæk. ɪt ɪz ˈvɛri fæst ənd ˈflɛksəbəl, ənd nu ˈmɑʤulz ər ˈizi tɪ æd. ðɪs tul meɪks ɪt ˈpɑsəbəl fər ˈrisərʧərz ənd sɪˈkjʊrəti kənˈsəltənts tɪ ʃoʊ haʊ ˈizi ɪt wʊd bi tɪ geɪn əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ə ˈsɪstəm riˈmoʊtli. ˈɔlsoʊ rɛd ˈɔˌflaɪn ˈpæsˌwərd ˈkrækɪŋ wɪθ ʤɑn ðə ˈrɪpər tuˈtɔriəl tul wɪl wərk ɪn 4 moʊdz: wən wən ˈpæsˌwərd wən ˈpæsˌwərd wən ˈpæsˌwərd lɪst ˈpæsˌwərd lɪst ˈhaɪdrə həz ˈvɛriəs ˈɔpʃənz: ˈtərgət ˈsɛtɪŋz əv ˈvɛriəs ˈtərgət ˈɔpʃənz ˈpæsˌwərdz ˈspɛsəˌfaɪ ˈpæsˌwərd ˈɔpʃənz ˈtunɪŋ ˈspɛsəˌfaɪ haʊ fæst ʃʊd ˈhaɪdrə wərk. ˈəðər ˈtaɪmɪŋ ˈɔpʃənz ər ˈɔlsoʊ əˈveɪləbəl. spɪˈsɪfɪk fər ˈtɛstɪŋ ɔn spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈtɑrgəts laɪk ə doʊˈmeɪn, ˈprɑksi ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. stɑrt ʃoʊz ðə ˈaʊtˌpʊt. stɛp 1 faɪnd ðə ˈhaɪdrə frəm baɪ ˈsərʧɪŋ xhydra*. hir wi ər ˈsɛtɪŋ ɑr ˈtərgət ˌaɪˌpi jʊr rɪˈmoʊt ˈtərgət) ɪn ˈtərgət ˈɛriə. wi ər ˈjuzɪŋ ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən fər kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt tɪ rɪˈmoʊt ˈtərgət ˈtərgət: ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˈbɑtəm əv ðə tul wi kən si kəˈmænd laɪn wɪʧ ɪz ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli kriˈeɪt wɪn wi sɛt aʊt ˈsɛtɪŋz ɪn əv stɛp 2 wi pərˈfɔrm əˈtæk baɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ə kənˈteɪnɪŋ moʊst ˈkɑmən ˈpæsˌwərdz tɪ breɪk ˈɪntu ðə rut əˈkaʊnt. ju kən æd ““n”*” ˈnəmbər əv ˈpæsˌwərdz tɪ jʊr wərd lɪst. ɪn ˈpæsˌwərdz ˈɛriə wi sɛt ɑr ɛz ““root”*” ənd ˈspɛsəˌfaɪd ɑr loʊˈkeɪʃən ɪn ˈpæsˌwərd lɪst box(/root/password/txt*). ˈlɪnəks kəmz wɪθ bɪlt ɪn wərd lɪsts. sərʧ ðɛm ˈjuzɪŋ ðə kəˈmænd: ˈloʊˌkeɪt ɪn ˈtərmənəl. kəˈmænd: ˈloʊˌkeɪt stɛp 3 ɪn ˈtunɪŋ ˈɛriə wi sɛt ðə ˈnəmbər əv tæsk ðət wi ər goʊɪŋ tɪ pərˈfɔrm aɪ sɛt 1 tæsks fər ðə əˈtæk. ju kən sɛt ˈprɑksi ɛz noʊ ˈprɑksi. stɛp 4 wi kən goʊ əˈhɛd ənd ˈtrɪgər ðə stɑrt əˈtæʧ baɪ ˈklɪkɪŋ ðə stɑrt ˈbətən. ju kən si ˈklɪrli ðə ˈtərmənəl kəˈmænd laɪn ɪn ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə tul wɪʧ ɪz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈtərgət ˌaɪˌpi, ə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ðət wi juzd ənd əv ˈdɪkʃəˌnɛri lɪst (password.txt*) ˈfaɪnəli, i hæv gɑt ðə rɪˈzəlt əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈtərgət ˈsɪstəm ˈaɪˈdi ənd ˈpæsˌwərd ˈaɪˈdi: rut ˈpæsˌwərd: ˈɔlsoʊ rɛd: |
the interview with mark
at the beginning of the new millennium, i was writing content for a publisher in silicon alley. in the first week of january, i received a call from sophie cottrell, who was then the publicity director of pantheon, a venerable random house imprint. sophie had a debut author written an epic literary novel, part of it created while living a decade in paris. the novel was called house of leaves and the author was mark z..
sophie asked me if my website might want to do something that had never been done before: did we want to do a complete online of the house of leaves before the publication date?
after our initial surprise, my company agreed. using web technology, our in nebraska spent hundreds of hours uploading seventy pages of house of leaves every several days for a period, up to the march 17, 2000 publication date. to prevent mass piracy, the book could only be downloaded one page at a time.
house of leaves is a literary novel disguised as horror fiction, with an innocuous house in virginia concealing a labyrinth that eventually consumes a film crew. also takes the reader into the turbulent and violent life of johnny truant, a hero of the novel.
the online caused a good media stir and some unsettling buzz in the publishing world. the difficult downloading process led to some comical moments. a book reviewer for alt weekly the stranger read the whole book online and complained of blood on her keyboard.
danielewski himself was a author, with high cheekbones, broad shoulders, and blue hair. like a happy warrior, he dove into promotion. when attacked by participants in an online chat, he would give a laugh of appreciation.
after the, undertook a massive national book tour. he paired up with his sister poe and toured with mode, performing original house of leaves music onstage from album haunted and doing spoken word from the novel. the book sold an incredible copies in hardback.
danielewski’s golden career continued. only revolutions, a history of the violence and triumph of america told in verse by two runaways driving down highways in cars, was a finalist for the national book award in 2006. his short novel the sword hijacked the grisly campfire tale genre, putting a group of orphans in peril.
in his greatest gamble yet, has just published the familiar, volume 1: one rainy day in may, which is the first installment of a projected novel. at the center of the first volume is, a middle school student going with her stepfather in a heavy rainstorm in los angeles to buy a dog. is epileptic and has been repeatedly bullied in the many schools she has attended.
like short vignettes from a serial tv show, cuts between about a dozen seemingly unrelated storylines: a ruthless tattooed gangbanger named luther takes his crew on a violent mission. a police detective on the cusp of retirement named visits several gruesome murder scenes. cutting to marfa, texas, two elderly digital outlaws pursued by government agents try to protect “the orb,” their eerie machine. an angry armenian cab driver named experiences a miscarriage of justice in traffic court and then explores his dark history.
using the work of two extremely gifted artists and designers in the z studio, the story in the familiar and the design of the book are directly linked. a deluge of questions becomes a storm of worlds that match the rainstorm outside the car window. in “the orb” section, the type forms the shape of the mysterious machine. in a section set in singapore, characters speak in pigeon english, with fragments of russian and chinese are mixed in. when runs through the rain to answer a cry for help, the words are stripped away down to the essentials, where the reader can feel’s drive, panic, and sense of purpose. the book is peppered with plates of collages of letters, spacescapes, and a short graphic novel excerpt. each section gets its own colored tab. each storyline has its own font, for a total of 22 fonts in the book, from baskerville to minion.
in the storylines,’s rescue of a strange animal propels her to a new level of maturity. luther commits his atrocious act. visits a scene. in the next volume, more will be revealed and developed, and more layers will be added.
i spoke with by telephone to los angeles, where he lives, as the novelist prepared for the publication of the familiar, volume 1, and his short book tour. he spoke of why he needs to write more volumes of his novel.
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the: when did the idea of a novel come to you?
mark: the story that is focused on the cat, you could find old roots and examples in side projects, failed stories and things that persisted. i began working on it in full in 2005, after finishing up only revolutions. been about nine years that i have been working on this. only revolutions begat its own form, the structure and the trip that sam and hailey were on. it was never clear until it was perfectly clear what the rules and dynamics at work were. true of the familiar. it began to create its own pacing.
there is a lot of meditation on the media i am interested in. house of leaves film and only revolutions music. the sword does campfire stories. television series began to play a role. it a magical insight. you and i watched this cultural presence emerge and become pervasive. people were saying, “we are watching novels for the first time in way that film could never do. then you have examples like the wire, where the pacing was about character. it about tearing up stories. it about creating an entire story in just one episode, which was the old mode for serial books. it may be a detective series, but each book contained its own mystery and its own solution, and maybe there would be an overarching villain. then the wire came along and showed a different kind of pace. there was a combination of an appreciation for a series like the wire or the sopranos, or galactica. it influenced my view on how this whole thing would unfold. in that sense i became more and more committed, seeing what each character could do, and what that involved with the structure itself. i think i was toying with it, how it was going to work. i think the boldness was in allowing the characters to proceed within the story as they now proceed, as you have experienced them. certainly, you could tell the whole story in ten pages. you could accelerate it. you could have one of those shows that rapidly eat up plot points. in the devouring, you eat up all the nutrients.
i definitely call the familiar a novel. in about two weeks, i will only have twenty-five volumes left to write. it is a specific novel. it may end up being my work. as much as it contains my work, it is dominated by the personalities in it.
rumpus: the central story in this volume is the’s trip to get a dog with her stepfather. how did you develop such a vulnerable character?
danielewski: i am definitely going to be thinking about how i came up with over a vast number of volumes. what is wonderful about this novel is that it necessitated me to get out and to talk with people who were in la gangs and to talk with parents, friends of mine. i have four godchildren, all girls. i have watched them grow up, as they head to school. i have not only heard how they speak, i also hear immediately afterwards how their parents speak about them. there is this correlation between the vast complicated obstacles that some of these children are facing, but they are not all that apparent in the way they were speaking to me. about tapping into the parts of the self.
rumpus: in an interview long ago, you told how after your parents’ divorce, your mother moved you and your sister from new york to utah. you had this grim story of your sister dressed in a jacket painted with a who emblem on the back getting on a school bus full of jocks and prom queens. she was like chum being thrown to the sharks. did your experiences with bullying and being an outsider shape’s story?
danielewski: it all comes from personal experience, but is taken beyond the personal experience to the absolute strange. those moments gave me keynotes into those experiences. utah was a very strange place to be a straight white male, basically me from these social bubbles. i remember the belittling, the bullying, the challenges that it brought up, and the benefits, as well. that was there. it was amazing how vital it was. a question that i have an answer to yet, why those moments do have a certain intensity that can burn away the intervening decades.
i have been in the same relationship for four years. when you are suddenly in a relationship that is nurturing, it is nurturing to this fragile thing that is growing, like this book. it has the potential to grow into the most beautiful thing, but needs to be through the difficult parts. those kind of instincts, i might have been closed off to in the past. at the end of only revolutions, sam and hailey are on a mountaintop, wanting to rain the apocalypse down on everyone. there is also a hint, though, of wanting to return to a spring. i found that spring. there were some rough intervening years for me, but by coming to this place that is fragile, unexpected and open, by being willing to nurture it, this book has been made possible.
the thing about this book is the time that it is going to take to write and that no time of earth is guaranteed. it may never be more than what read so far or a little bit further. the book must continue to be fragile for years and years as it grows into being. a terrifying feeling, but the only way to get through that terror is to embrace it and love it in its moment. to try to leap to the end would be to induce a panic that will make writing impossible.
rumpus: do you think writing a novel is a dangerous career move?
danielewski: sure.
rumpus: what happens if it sell?
danielewski: if it sell, then it dies. this is one of those things that depends on the reader. as much as clark publicity director] supports me, and as much as i love the people at pantheon, this requires readers. it is too expensive to finance and takes too many human hours, if the readers show up. by the time we get to volumes 3 and 4, and there are only a few thousand readers, then it continue. like has this cat in her hands at the end of the book, the book is like the cat in hands. care, trust, love, and a protective spirit is offered. in that sense, i am terrified but also liberated.
i’ve always said that the book would be an open experience. there would be an element of the providential. even the people in the z are providential to a certain degree. i was desperate for an artist. suddenly someone at a dinner party mentions that they know someone, then the next thing is that someone new is working at the. the book depends on others, where only revolutions. house of leaves. house of leaves was that paradise lost, satan on the side of the lake, “i will make a heaven out of hell.” this book does require others.
rumpus. did z exist during the sword?
danielewski: yes. you could read that book in about an hour.
rumpus: really upped your game with design on the new book.
danielewski: i disagree with you. quite astonished by it.
rumpus: has what appears to be an epileptic fit towards the end. the reader follows her as the text speeds up and rips through the pages. how does design integrate with the text?
danielewski: a big question. particular to, over the nine years, the design changed. i was trying to settle on what would be right. the name and the look of the font is important. these changes are constantly going on. i am designing the text as i am writing. it is not like you write the text, then design it. they go hand in hand. when these moments accelerate, there is less text on the page. the meanings have to be more concentrated. you can be more verb heavy in terms of action, or you can be more poetic. there are times when i changed the font and that radically affected the number of words on the page, and that changed everything and suddenly her voice changed. there is a lot of that. she hears this cat through the three pink ellipses. one of the parts that always gets me about is the thought of writing volumes with her at the center is that this is the greatest privilege that i can imagine. i will be so lucky if i get to do this. all the characters in the book hear the cat, but the one that answers and leaps from the car, and she goes to get it. all of the other characters are chosen, but the one that answers. the heart of the book for the writer and the reader. do you answer the call?
rumpus: in multiple books, you seem to have a keen interest in children in peril. there is the horribly abused johnny truant in house of leaves, and the orphans endangered by the storyteller in the sword. now, there is, who has a bleak future ahead. do you see a trend in your writing?
danielewski: sure. a point, a nexus, where the literal and historic, prophetic and and the symbolic combine. yes, we are talking about a child, but we have these young ideas at all ages, that if nurtured and cared for, can go up to bigger and better things. they may be as significant as a little impulse that a-old woman has been holding on to, that she can nurture, and suddenly become this little gleam ten years later, and change her life in a way that is inspiring for everyone. through a lot of practice of my own, whether it is physical practice like tai chi or yoga, it is this constant place of finding newness and beginnerness. a child is emblematic of that. it is a time when we are formed by powerful ideas and may be prejudiced by these ideas. from an early age, we are slotted to a certain viewpoint. we always have an opportunity to engender a different viewpoint, yet it is very easy not to. it is this point when habits that start to reinforce bad things as well as good things have not quite formed or set, and there is an openness. there is such a vitality. at the same time, there is an age in the familiar… it is very difficult for me to see the book as you see the book, for so much more of it is in place in my head, which i know is not in volume i.
rumpus: in terms of your working style, do you already know what happens in v. 22 and v. 27?
danielewski: yes. i absolutely know the ending and i am confident that the ending will be entirely different by the time that i get there. it is in place. there are stories that will be developed in much greater detail, like [the armenian cab driver] and the lapd detective], so there is this element of age, of older characters, as well, and to their own awakening and changing. is coming around… he has a lot of balls in the air.
rumpus: each chapter had its own ember of violence, from luther the gangbanger to’s grisly murder scenes, to’s violent abrupt and dangerous epileptic fits. did you intend this much violence or did it just happen?
danielewski: the whole book did happen in one way, the moment of just writing it from nowhere. then the book just happen, because there was a revisiting of the different sections. your concern about the violence is right. there is a fear of violence, there is some experience with violence, the inherited stories of violence in my father having survived world war ii. there is the maddening energy of violence. a good point. there is violence and more violence coming.
violence is a compressed moment that is shocking and abrupt and out of the ordinary in its comprehension, even though it speaks to something inevitable. part of the literary argument, the compression of things, what is always so bewildering about passage, about violence where time is accelerated, that it goes beyond our control.
rumpus: did you do extensive research to create luther and his crew?
danielewski: a lot of it is providential introductions to people. ended that cloistered, monastic part of my life as a writer, and i want to be much more open to the variables of change, and that took a lot more doing. i had to change aspects of my personality, further amplified by the examples of salinger and pynchon. suddenly i said, “let’s open the doors, open the windows here.” that began to take place with the sword. i depended on other people and that led to introductions. it required personal openness that was very hard for me. i could be at a barbecue and start talking to someone. for some reason, this guy opened up to me about life in “la pinta” [the la mexican gangs] and in jail. that led into world. a lot of the taxi cab drivers in la are armenian. suddenly, i was talking to them and having great conversations. you have this horrendous english, but through it you get these tremendous stories of the armenian genocide, which was being echoed now. it is also about not getting confused by the small things, but focusing on the larger issues, the blunt subject of each chapter.
rumpus: some story threads in the familiar v. 1 end abruptly. i thought they may be red herrings and dead ends. with volumes to go, do you anticipate developing the shorter stories like the cowboy or the elderly fugitive couple in marfa, texas, traveling with a mysterious machine called “the orb” ?
danielewski: yep. the other thing is being open… i can anticipate this happening that for the first time, there will be reader feedback. as readers are drawn in and become more curious about things, these things may become amplified by the suggestions that may come. it will be much more open, but there will be times when i say, “that’s not going to happen.” there is something else that can happen, the introduction of ideas. one person who was helping me with the armenian section opened up with a series of stories that she even think were germane to the book. they introduced me to a different set of literatures, which will influence what is dealing with in the novel.
rumpus: was it difficult to write the terrifying scene where bursts out of her car, into a blinding rainstorm?
danielewski: it was. in some ways, it is the heart of the book. it was the heart of the last nine years of writing. it was the inevitable part that she was going to find something. the incredible velocity when you are finding something or losing something, the sense of elation that gives you purpose, that can drive through her run. i wonder if what readers are responding to, which is in the book, is the sense of loss that the parents feel they are losing her. they also understand that she is changing, that she is growing up, that there is an underlying tension that their daughter is starting to become who she is in a way they control. this moment is literalized. anwar experiences not only losing her, but for a moment is unaware of her leaving the car, because he is focused on the rain, the traffic and where they are going. is not losing anwar. there is no point where she is thinking of him. is thinking of the purpose that she can hold on to through everything that will come at her. just ahead of everything that will ask of her to fail. there is the reprieve that she grants to something that is voiceless and unknown. it is very moving. i feel those seizures of information that has. for me, it is the most effective part of the book. i am gratified by the early response of readers. i was moved writing it.
in this scene, is not prey to the usual television adversaries. the rain, the distance. the peculiar calling of an unspecified thing that alters the relationship. it has a profound effect on the family in later volumes.
rumpus: been fifteen years since house of leaves. for that book you toured extensively through bookstores throughout the country, as well as doing a tour with mode and your sister poe, where you performed onstage. for this book, you are doing a middle american tour of four cities—athens, georgia; tulsa, oklahoma; fort collins, colorado, and portland, oregon. why this change of pace?
danielewski: it is what i want to do. it is the book, like the cat, like, will survive because of, the book and the cat. there is not the time to do that extensive tour. about pacing. talking with my publisher, if we are publishing two or three volumes a year, i have the time to take a month off to tour for each volume. impossible. we settled on one week of touring. we are doing a limited amount of press, six to nine interviews. the idea is not to repeat the same cities. over volumes, it may end up being the most expansive touring i have ever done, since touring with mode and my sister.
we are not going to do new york and la every single time. spread it out… a few big cities and a few small cities. if the book does well, it will be more of a big event for the new york bookstores in later volumes. they are going to get a lot more people, which is always better for their business. it will be more of a good time. ultimately, i want everyone to have a good time.
we did so many cities for house of leaves, with mode, then the borders bookstore tour. then there were tours that sophie [cottrell, his old publicist] kept adding. you almost become an act.
the familiar says everything. it took nine years to write and it probably takes about ten to twelve hours to read. it probably took you twice as long to read the first half of the book as it took you to read the second half. part of the impact of the scene with in the know going to speed things up. craft. plotted like her thinking. learned how to read her. been taught how to read her with the rising rainstorms, and finally she has the moment when she frees herself from that.
rumpus: fifteen years ago, on your extensive book tour, you made a point if inscribing artwork in the audience members’ books, and then stayed out late drinking beer with the bookstore staff. did this help sell books?
danielewski: i would interact with both the audience and the staff. that was taught to me by sophie cottrell. i read at elliot bay book company in seattle and only four people showed up, and two of them were homeless. one of the people walked out during the reading and it a homeless person. sophie told me i was selling a lot of books. i had hung out with all the booksellers, who i loved, and they were selling my books over the week.
rumpus: why does every appearance of the word “familiar” show up in the color pink?
danielewski: that is one question that i am just not going to answer. like asking why “house” in house of leaves always shows up in blue. the reasoning behind this is all rather extensive. i defer to the moment ahead where you have your “a-ha” moment.
rumpus:’s natural father is dov, a soldier who died a heroic death in afghanistan. what interested you in giving a ghost father?
danielewski: good question. lots of reasons, but that is in the category of “why pink for ‘familiar’?” you are landing on important things.
rumpus: why do you frame most of the action in the book as literally taking place during a torrential rainstorm in that city of los angeles?
danielewski: part of true. we are in the middle of a drought and suddenly the rain just drops from the sky. it feels like there is enough water forever, but there isn’t. the streets are like rivers. you see garbage cans swept away. the book is a love song to los angeles, way beyond what people associate with los angeles, its media persona.
as you work the material, it begins to give suddenly. “what’s a rainstorm?” there are cinematic instincts. you are looking at’s seizures and you can take it so far with the language that incorporates. ultimately, for, the rainstorm moves into a visual representation of the sudden crash of many thoughts.
there was this moment in writing when i realized that every character was in the rain. if kubrick was the patron saint of house of leaves, akira was sort of the patron saint of the familiar.
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drawing mark. | ðə ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ mɑrk æt ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə nu məˈlɛniəm, aɪ wɑz ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈkɑntɛnt fər ə ˈpəblɪʃər ɪn ˈsɪləkən ˈæli. ɪn ðə fərst wik əv ˈʤænjuˌɛri, aɪ rɪˈsivd ə kɔl frəm ˈsoʊfi ˌkɑˈtrɛl, hu wɑz ðɛn ðə pəˈblɪsɪti dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈpænθiˌɑn, ə ˈvɛnərəbəl ˈrændəm haʊs ˌɪmˈprɪnt. ˈsoʊfi hæd ə ˈdeɪbju ˈɔθər ˈrɪtən ən ˈɛpɪk ˈlɪtərˌɛri ˈnɑvəl, pɑrt əv ɪt kriˈeɪtɪd waɪl ˈlɪvɪŋ ə ˈdɛkeɪd ɪn ˈpɛrɪs. ðə ˈnɑvəl wɑz kɔld haʊs əv livz ənd ðə ˈɔθər wɑz mɑrk zi.. ˈsoʊfi æst mi ɪf maɪ ˈwɛbˌsaɪt maɪt wɔnt tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət hæd ˈnɛvər bɪn dən ˌbiˈfɔr: dɪd wi wɔnt tɪ du ə kəmˈplit ˈɔnˌlaɪn əv ðə haʊs əv livz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən deɪt? ˈæftər ɑr ˌɪˈnɪʃəl səˈpraɪz, maɪ ˈkəmpəˌni əˈgrid. ˈjuzɪŋ wɛb tɛkˈnɑləʤi, ɑr ɪn nəˈbræskə spɛnt ˈhənərdz əv aʊərz ˈəˌploʊdɪŋ ˈsɛvənti ˈpeɪʤɪz əv haʊs əv livz ˈɛvəri ˈsɛvərəl deɪz fər ə ˈpɪriəd, əp tɪ ðə mɑrʧ 17 2000 ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən deɪt. tɪ prɪˈvɛnt mæs ˈpaɪrəsi, ðə bʊk kʊd ˈoʊnli bi ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd wən peɪʤ æt ə taɪm. haʊs əv livz ɪz ə ˈlɪtərˌɛri ˈnɑvəl dɪsˈgaɪzd ɛz ˈhɔrər ˈfɪkʃən, wɪθ ən ˌɪˈnɑkjuəs haʊs ɪn vərˈʤɪnjə kənˈsilɪŋ ə ˈlæbərˌɪnθ ðət ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli kənˈsumz ə fɪlm kru. ˈɔlsoʊ teɪks ðə ˈridər ˈɪntu ðə ˈtərbjələnt ənd ˈvaɪələnt laɪf əv ˈʤɑni truənt, ə ˈhɪroʊ əv ðə ˈnɑvəl. ðə ˈɔnˌlaɪn kɔzd ə gʊd ˈmidiə stər ənd səm ənˈsɛtəlɪŋ bəz ɪn ðə ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ wərld. ðə ˈdɪfəkəlt ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs lɛd tɪ səm ˈkɑmɪkəl ˈmoʊmənts. ə bʊk rivˈjuər fər ɑlt ˈwikli ðə ˈstreɪnʤər rɛd ðə hoʊl bʊk ˈɔnˌlaɪn ənd kəmˈpleɪnd əv bləd ɔn hər ˈkiˌbɔrd. hɪmˈsɛlf wɑz ə ˈɔθər, wɪθ haɪ ˈʧikˌboʊnz, brɔd ˈʃoʊldərz, ənd blu hɛr. laɪk ə ˈhæpi ˈwɔrjər, hi dəv ˈɪntu pərˈmoʊʃən. wɪn əˈtækt baɪ pɑrˈtɪsəpənts ɪn ən ˈɔnˌlaɪn ʧæt, hi wʊd gɪv ə læf əv əˌpriʃiˈeɪʃən. ˈæftər ðə, ˌəndərˈtʊk ə ˈmæsɪv ˈnæʃənəl bʊk tʊr. hi pɛrd əp wɪθ hɪz ˈsɪstər poʊ ənd tʊrd wɪθ moʊd, pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ərˈɪʤənəl haʊs əv livz mˈjuzɪk ˌɑnˈsteɪʤ frəm ˈælbəm ˈhɔntɪd ənd duɪŋ ˈspoʊkən wərd frəm ðə ˈnɑvəl. ðə bʊk soʊld ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ˈkɑpiz ɪn ˈhɑrdˌbæk. ˈgoʊldən kərɪr kənˈtɪnjud. ˈoʊnli ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz, ə ˈhɪstəri əv ðə ˈvaɪələns ənd traɪəmf əv əˈmɛrɪkə toʊld ɪn vərs baɪ tu ˈrənəˌweɪz ˈdraɪvɪŋ daʊn ˈhaɪˌweɪz ɪn kɑz, wɑz ə ˈfaɪnəlɪst fər ðə ˈnæʃənəl bʊk əˈwɔrd ɪn 2006 hɪz ʃɔrt ˈnɑvəl ðə sɔrd ˈhaɪˌʤækt ðə ˈgrɪzli ˈkæmpˌfaɪər teɪl ˈʒɑnrə, ˈpʊtɪŋ ə grup əv ˈɔrfənz ɪn ˈpɛrəl. ɪn hɪz ˈgreɪtəst ˈgæmbəl jɛt, həz ʤɪst ˈpəblɪʃt ðə fəˈmɪljər, ˈvɑljum 1 wən ˈreɪni deɪ ɪn meɪ, wɪʧ ɪz ðə fərst ˌɪnˈstɔlmənt əv ə prɑˈʤɛktəd ˈnɑvəl. æt ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə fərst ˈvɑljum ɪz, ə ˈmɪdəl skul ˈstudənt goʊɪŋ wɪθ hər ˈstɛpˌfɑðər ɪn ə ˈhɛvi ˈreɪnˌstɔrm ɪn lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs tɪ baɪ ə dɔg. ɪz ˌɛpɪˈlɛptɪk ənd həz bɪn rɪˈpitɪdli ˈbʊlid ɪn ðə ˈmɛni skulz ʃi həz əˈtɛndəd. laɪk ʃɔrt vɪnˈjɛts frəm ə ˈsɪˌriəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊ, kəts bɪtˈwin əˈbaʊt ə ˈdəzən ˈsimɪŋli ˌənrɪˈleɪtɪd ˈstɔriˌlaɪnz: ə ˈruθləs ˌtæˈtud ˈgæŋbæŋgər neɪmd ˈluθər teɪks hɪz kru ɔn ə ˈvaɪələnt ˈmɪʃən. ə pəˈlis dɪˈtɛktɪv ɔn ðə kəsp əv rɪˈtaɪərmənt neɪmd ˈvɪzɪts ˈsɛvərəl ˈgrusəm ˈmərdər sinz. ˈkətɪŋ tɪ ˈmɑrfə, ˈtɛksəs, tu ˈɛldərli ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈaʊˌtlɔz pərˈsud baɪ ˈgəvərnmənt ˈeɪʤənts traɪ tɪ prəˈtɛkt orb,”*,” ðɛr ˈɪri məˈʃin. ən ˈæŋgri ɑrˈminiən kæb ˈdraɪvər neɪmd ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ə mɪˈskɛrəʤ əv ˈʤəstɪs ɪn ˈtræfɪk kɔrt ənd ðɛn ɪkˈsplɔrz hɪz dɑrk ˈhɪstəri. ˈjuzɪŋ ðə wərk əv tu ɪkˈstrimli ˈgɪftɪd ˈɑrtɪsts ənd dɪˈzaɪnərz ɪn ðə zi ˈstudiˌoʊ, ðə ˈstɔri ɪn ðə fəˈmɪljər ənd ðə dɪˈzaɪn əv ðə bʊk ər dɪˈrɛkli lɪŋkt. ə ˈdɛljuʤ əv kˈwɛsʧənz bɪˈkəmz ə stɔrm əv wərldz ðət mæʧ ðə ˈreɪnˌstɔrm ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə kɑr ˈwɪndoʊ. ɪn orb”*” ˈsɛkʃən, ðə taɪp fɔrmz ðə ʃeɪp əv ðə mɪˈstɪriəs məˈʃin. ɪn ə ˈsɛkʃən sɛt ɪn ˈsɪŋəˌpɔr, ˈkɛrɪktərz spik ɪn ˈpɪʤɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ, wɪθ ˈfrægmənts əv ˈrəʃən ənd ʧaɪˈniz ər mɪkst ɪn. wɪn rənz θru ðə reɪn tɪ ˈænsər ə kraɪ fər hɛlp, ðə wərdz ər strɪpt əˈweɪ daʊn tɪ ðə ɛˈsɛnʃəlz, wɛr ðə ˈridər kən fil draɪv, ˈpænɪk, ənd sɛns əv ˈpərpəs. ðə bʊk ɪz ˈpɛpərd wɪθ pleɪts əv kəˈlɑʒɪz əv ˈlɛtərz, spacescapes*, ənd ə ʃɔrt ˈgræfɪk ˈnɑvəl ˈɛksərpt. iʧ ˈsɛkʃən gɪts ɪts oʊn ˈkələrd tæb. iʧ ˈstɔriˌlaɪn həz ɪts oʊn fɑnt, fər ə ˈtoʊtəl əv 22 fɑnts ɪn ðə bʊk, frəm ˈbæskərˌvɪl tɪ ˈmɪnjən. ɪn ðə ˈstɔriˌlaɪnz, ˈrɛskju əv ə streɪnʤ ˈænəməl prəˈpɛlz hər tɪ ə nu ˈlɛvəl əv məˈʧʊrəti. ˈluθər kəˈmɪts hɪz əˈtroʊʃəs ækt. ˈvɪzɪts ə sin. ɪn ðə nɛkst ˈvɑljum, mɔr wɪl bi rɪˈvild ənd dɪˈvɛləpt, ənd mɔr leɪərz wɪl bi ˈædɪd. aɪ spoʊk wɪθ baɪ ˈtɛləˌfoʊn tɪ lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs, wɛr hi lɪvz, ɛz ðə ˈnɑvələst priˈpɛrd fər ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə fəˈmɪljər, ˈvɑljum 1 ənd hɪz ʃɔrt bʊk tʊr. hi spoʊk əv waɪ hi nidz tɪ raɪt mɔr ˈvɑljumz əv hɪz ˈnɑvəl. ðə: wɪn dɪd ðə aɪˈdiə əv ə ˈnɑvəl kəm tɪ ju? mɑrk: ðə ˈstɔri ðət ɪz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə kæt, ju kʊd faɪnd oʊld ruts ənd ɪgˈzæmpəlz ɪn saɪd ˈprɑʤɛkts, feɪld ˈstɔriz ənd θɪŋz ðət pərˈsɪstɪd. aɪ bɪˈgæn ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ɪt ɪn fʊl ɪn 2005 ˈæftər ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ əp ˈoʊnli ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz. bɪn əˈbaʊt naɪn jɪrz ðət aɪ hæv bɪn ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ðɪs. ˈoʊnli ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz bɪˈgæt ɪts oʊn fɔrm, ðə ˈstrəkʧər ənd ðə trɪp ðət sæm ənd ˈheɪli wər ɔn. ɪt wɑz ˈnɛvər klɪr ənˈtɪl ɪt wɑz ˈpərfəktli klɪr wət ðə rulz ənd daɪˈnæmɪks æt wərk wər. tru əv ðə fəˈmɪljər. ɪt bɪˈgæn tɪ kriˈeɪt ɪts oʊn ˈpeɪsɪŋ. ðɛr ɪz ə lɔt əv ˌmɛdəˈteɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈmidiə aɪ æm ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn. haʊs əv livz fɪlm ənd ˈoʊnli ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz mˈjuzɪk. ðə sɔrd dɪz ˈkæmpˌfaɪər ˈstɔriz. ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ˈsɪriz bɪˈgæn tɪ pleɪ ə roʊl. ɪt ə ˈmæʤɪkəl ˈɪnˌsaɪt. ju ənd aɪ wɔʧt ðɪs ˈkəlʧərəl ˈprɛzəns ˈimərʤ ənd bɪˈkəm pərˈveɪsɪv. ˈpipəl wər seɪɪŋ, ər ˈwɑʧɪŋ ˈnɑvəlz fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn weɪ ðət fɪlm kʊd ˈnɛvər du. ðɛn ju hæv ɪgˈzæmpəlz laɪk ðə waɪər, wɛr ðə ˈpeɪsɪŋ wɑz əˈbaʊt ˈkɛrɪktər. ɪt əˈbaʊt ˈtɪrɪŋ əp ˈstɔriz. ɪt əˈbaʊt kriˈeɪtɪŋ ən ɪnˈtaɪər ˈstɔri ɪn ʤɪst wən ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd, wɪʧ wɑz ðə oʊld moʊd fər ˈsɪˌriəl bʊks. ɪt meɪ bi ə dɪˈtɛktɪv ˈsɪriz, bət iʧ bʊk kənˈteɪnd ɪts oʊn ˈmɪstəri ənd ɪts oʊn səˈluʃən, ənd ˈmeɪbi ðɛr wʊd bi ən ˈoʊvərˌɑrʧɪŋ ˈvɪlən. ðɛn ðə waɪər keɪm əˈlɔŋ ənd ʃoʊd ə ˈdɪfərənt kaɪnd əv peɪs. ðɛr wɑz ə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ən əˌpriʃiˈeɪʃən fər ə ˈsɪriz laɪk ðə waɪər ər ðə səˈprænoʊz, ər gəˈlækˌtɪkə. ɪt ˈɪnfluənst maɪ vju ɔn haʊ ðɪs hoʊl θɪŋ wʊd ənˈfoʊld. ɪn ðət sɛns aɪ bɪˈkeɪm mɔr ənd mɔr kəˈmɪtɪd, siɪŋ wət iʧ ˈkɛrɪktər kʊd du, ənd wət ðət ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɪθ ðə ˈstrəkʧər ˌɪtˈsɛlf. aɪ θɪŋk aɪ wɑz tɔɪɪŋ wɪθ ɪt, haʊ ɪt wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ wərk. aɪ θɪŋk ðə ˈboʊldnəs wɑz ɪn əˈlaʊɪŋ ðə ˈkɛrɪktərz tɪ pərˈsid wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈstɔri ɛz ðeɪ naʊ pərˈsid, ɛz ju hæv ɪkˈspɪriənst ðɛm. ˈsərtənli, ju kʊd tɛl ðə hoʊl ˈstɔri ɪn tɛn ˈpeɪʤɪz. ju kʊd ækˈsɛlərˌeɪt ɪt. ju kʊd hæv wən əv ðoʊz ʃoʊz ðət ˈræpədli it əp plɑt pɔɪnts. ɪn ðə dɪˈvaʊərɪŋ, ju it əp ɔl ðə ˈnutriənts. aɪ ˈdɛfənətli kɔl ðə fəˈmɪljər ə ˈnɑvəl. ɪn əˈbaʊt tu wiks, aɪ wɪl ˈoʊnli hæv tˈwɛntiˌfaɪv ˈvɑljumz lɛft tɪ raɪt. ɪt ɪz ə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈnɑvəl. ɪt meɪ ɛnd əp biɪŋ maɪ wərk. ɛz məʧ ɛz ɪt kənˈteɪnz maɪ wərk, ɪt ɪz ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd baɪ ðə ˌpərsəˈnælɪtiz ɪn ɪt.: ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈstɔri ɪn ðɪs ˈvɑljum ɪz ðə trɪp tɪ gɪt ə dɔg wɪθ hər ˈstɛpˌfɑðər. haʊ dɪd ju dɪˈvɛləp səʧ ə ˈvəlnərəbəl ˈkɛrɪktər?: aɪ æm ˈdɛfənətli goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt haʊ aɪ keɪm əp wɪθ ˈoʊvər ə væst ˈnəmbər əv ˈvɑljumz. wət ɪz ˈwəndərfəl əˈbaʊt ðɪs ˈnɑvəl ɪz ðət ɪt nəˈsɛsəˌteɪtəd mi tɪ gɪt aʊt ənd tɪ tɔk wɪθ ˈpipəl hu wər ɪn lɑ gæŋz ənd tɪ tɔk wɪθ ˈpɛrənts, frɛndz əv maɪn. aɪ hæv fɔr godchildren*, ɔl gərlz. aɪ hæv wɔʧt ðɛm groʊ əp, ɛz ðeɪ hɛd tɪ skul. aɪ hæv nɑt ˈoʊnli hərd haʊ ðeɪ spik, aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ hir ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈæftərwərdz haʊ ðɛr ˈpɛrənts spik əˈbaʊt ðɛm. ðɛr ɪz ðɪs ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən bɪtˈwin ðə væst ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd ˈɑbstəkəlz ðət səm əv ðiz ˈʧɪldrən ər ˈfeɪsɪŋ, bət ðeɪ ər nɑt ɔl ðət əˈpɛrənt ɪn ðə weɪ ðeɪ wər ˈspikɪŋ tɪ mi. əˈbaʊt ˈtæpɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə pɑrts əv ðə sɛlf.: ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju lɔŋ əˈgoʊ, ju toʊld haʊ ˈæftər jʊr parents’*’ dɪˈvɔrs, jʊr ˈməðər muvd ju ənd jʊr ˈsɪstər frəm nu jɔrk tɪ ˈjuˌtɔ. ju hæd ðɪs grɪm ˈstɔri əv jʊr ˈsɪstər drɛst ɪn ə ˈʤækɪt ˈpeɪnɪd wɪθ ə hu ˈɛmbləm ɔn ðə bæk ˈgɪtɪŋ ɔn ə skul bəs fʊl əv ʤɑks ənd prɑm kwinz. ʃi wɑz laɪk ʧəm biɪŋ θroʊn tɪ ðə ʃɑrks. dɪd jʊr ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz wɪθ ˈbʊliɪŋ ənd biɪŋ ən aʊtˈsaɪdər ʃeɪp ˈstɔri?: ɪt ɔl kəmz frəm ˈpərsɪnəl ɪkˈspɪriəns, bət ɪz ˈteɪkən bɪɔnd ðə ˈpərsɪnəl ɪkˈspɪriəns tɪ ðə ˈæbsəˌlut streɪnʤ. ðoʊz ˈmoʊmənts geɪv mi ˈkiˌnoʊts ˈɪntu ðoʊz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz. ˈjuˌtɔ wɑz ə ˈvɛri streɪnʤ pleɪs tɪ bi ə streɪt waɪt meɪl, ˈbeɪsɪkli mi frəm ðiz ˈsoʊʃəl ˈbəbəlz. aɪ rɪˈmɛmbər ðə bɪˈlɪtəlɪŋ, ðə ˈbʊliɪŋ, ðə ˈʧælənʤɪz ðət ɪt brɔt əp, ənd ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts, ɛz wɛl. ðət wɑz ðɛr. ɪt wɑz əˈmeɪzɪŋ haʊ ˈvaɪtəl ɪt wɑz. ə kˈwɛʃən ðət aɪ hæv ən ˈænsər tɪ jɛt, waɪ ðoʊz ˈmoʊmənts du hæv ə ˈsərtən ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪti ðət kən bərn əˈweɪ ðə ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ ˈdɛkeɪdz. aɪ hæv bɪn ɪn ðə seɪm riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp fər fɔr jɪrz. wɪn ju ər ˈsədənli ɪn ə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp ðət ɪz ˈnərʧərɪŋ, ɪt ɪz ˈnərʧərɪŋ tɪ ðɪs ˈfræʤəl θɪŋ ðət ɪz groʊɪŋ, laɪk ðɪs bʊk. ɪt həz ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl tɪ groʊ ˈɪntu ðə moʊst ˈbjutəfəl θɪŋ, bət nidz tɪ bi θru ðə ˈdɪfəkəlt pɑrts. ðoʊz kaɪnd əv ˈɪnstɪŋkts, aɪ maɪt hæv bɪn kloʊzd ɔf tɪ ɪn ðə pæst. æt ðə ɛnd əv ˈoʊnli ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz, sæm ənd ˈheɪli ər ɔn ə ˈmaʊntənˌtɑp, ˈwɑnɪŋ tɪ reɪn ðə əˈpɑkəˌlɪps daʊn ɔn ˈɛvriˌwən. ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə hɪnt, ðoʊ, əv ˈwɑnɪŋ tɪ rɪˈtərn tɪ ə spərɪŋ. aɪ faʊnd ðət spərɪŋ. ðɛr wər səm rəf ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ jɪrz fər mi, bət baɪ ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ðɪs pleɪs ðət ɪz ˈfræʤəl, ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd ənd ˈoʊpən, baɪ biɪŋ ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ˈnərʧər ɪt, ðɪs bʊk həz bɪn meɪd ˈpɑsəbəl. ðə θɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðɪs bʊk ɪz ðə taɪm ðət ɪt ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ teɪk tɪ raɪt ənd ðət noʊ taɪm əv ərθ ɪz ˌgɛrənˈtid. ɪt meɪ ˈnɛvər bi mɔr ðən wət rɛd soʊ fɑr ər ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈfərðər. ðə bʊk məst kənˈtɪnju tɪ bi ˈfræʤəl fər jɪrz ənd jɪrz ɛz ɪt groʊz ˈɪntu biɪŋ. ə ˈtɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ ˈfilɪŋ, bət ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ tɪ gɪt θru ðət ˈtɛrər ɪz tɪ ɪmˈbreɪs ɪt ənd ləv ɪt ɪn ɪts ˈmoʊmənt. tɪ traɪ tɪ lip tɪ ðə ɛnd wʊd bi tɪ ˌɪnˈdus ə ˈpænɪk ðət wɪl meɪk ˈraɪtɪŋ ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl.: du ju θɪŋk ˈraɪtɪŋ ə ˈnɑvəl ɪz ə ˈdeɪnʤərəs kərɪr muv?: ʃʊr.: wət ˈhæpənz ɪf ɪt sɛl?: ɪf ɪt sɛl, ðɛn ɪt daɪz. ðɪs ɪz wən əv ðoʊz θɪŋz ðət dɪˈpɛndz ɔn ðə ˈridər. ɛz məʧ ɛz klɑrk pəˈblɪsɪti dɪˈrɛktər] səˈpɔrts mi, ənd ɛz məʧ ɛz aɪ ləv ðə ˈpipəl æt ˈpænθiˌɑn, ðɪs rikˈwaɪərz ˈridərz. ɪt ɪz tu ɪkˈspɛnsɪv tɪ ˈfaɪˌnæns ənd teɪks tu ˈmɛni ˈjumən aʊərz, ɪf ðə ˈridərz ʃoʊ əp. baɪ ðə taɪm wi gɪt tɪ ˈvɑljumz 3 ənd 4 ənd ðɛr ər ˈoʊnli ə fju ˈθaʊzənd ˈridərz, ðɛn ɪt kənˈtɪnju. laɪk həz ðɪs kæt ɪn hər hænz æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə bʊk, ðə bʊk ɪz laɪk ðə kæt ɪn hænz. kɛr, trəst, ləv, ənd ə prəˈtɛktɪv ˈspɪrɪt ɪz ˈɔfərd. ɪn ðət sɛns, aɪ æm ˈtɛrəˌfaɪd bət ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlɪˌbərˌeɪtɪd. ˈɔlˌweɪz sɛd ðət ðə bʊk wʊd bi ən ˈoʊpən ɪkˈspɪriəns. ðɛr wʊd bi ən ˈɛləmənt əv ðə ˌprɑvəˈdɛnʃəl. ˈivɪn ðə ˈpipəl ɪn ðə zi ər ˌprɑvəˈdɛnʃəl tɪ ə ˈsərtən dɪˈgri. aɪ wɑz ˈdɛspərɪt fər ən ˈɑrtɪst. ˈsədənli ˈsəmˌwən æt ə ˈdɪnər ˈpɑrti ˈmɛnʃənz ðət ðeɪ noʊ ˈsəmˌwən, ðɛn ðə nɛkst θɪŋ ɪz ðət ˈsəmˌwən nu ɪz ˈwərkɪŋ æt ðə. ðə bʊk dɪˈpɛndz ɔn ˈəðərz, wɛr ˈoʊnli ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz. haʊs əv livz. haʊs əv livz wɑz ðət ˈpɛrəˌdaɪs lɔst, ˈseɪtən ɔn ðə saɪd əv ðə leɪk, wɪl meɪk ə ˈhɛvən aʊt əv hell.”*.” ðɪs bʊk dɪz ˌrikˈwaɪər ˈəðərz.. dɪd zi ɪgˈzɪst ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə sɔrd?: jɛs. ju kʊd rɛd ðət bʊk ɪn əˈbaʊt ən aʊər.: ˈrɪli əpt jʊr geɪm wɪθ dɪˈzaɪn ɔn ðə nu bʊk.: aɪ dɪsəˈgri wɪθ ju. kwaɪt əˈstɑnɪʃt baɪ ɪt.: həz wət əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ən ˌɛpɪˈlɛptɪk fɪt təˈwɔrdz ðə ɛnd. ðə ˈridər ˈfɑloʊz hər ɛz ðə tɛkst spidz əp ənd rɪps θru ðə ˈpeɪʤɪz. haʊ dɪz dɪˈzaɪn ˈɪnəˌgreɪt wɪθ ðə tɛkst?: ə bɪg kˈwɛʃən. ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr tɪ, ˈoʊvər ðə naɪn jɪrz, ðə dɪˈzaɪn ʧeɪnʤd. aɪ wɑz traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈsɛtəl ɔn wət wʊd bi raɪt. ðə neɪm ənd ðə lʊk əv ðə fɑnt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. ðiz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ər ˈkɑnstəntli goʊɪŋ ɔn. aɪ æm dɪˈzaɪnɪŋ ðə tɛkst ɛz aɪ æm ˈraɪtɪŋ. ɪt ɪz nɑt laɪk ju raɪt ðə tɛkst, ðɛn dɪˈzaɪn ɪt. ðeɪ goʊ hænd ɪn hænd. wɪn ðiz ˈmoʊmənts ækˈsɛlərˌeɪt, ðɛr ɪz lɛs tɛkst ɔn ðə peɪʤ. ðə ˈminɪŋz hæv tɪ bi mɔr ˈkɔnsənˌtreɪtɪd. ju kən bi mɔr vərb ˈhɛvi ɪn tərmz əv ˈækʃən, ər ju kən bi mɔr poʊˈɛtɪk. ðɛr ər taɪmz wɪn aɪ ʧeɪnʤd ðə fɑnt ənd ðət ˈrædɪkli əˈfɛktɪd ðə ˈnəmbər əv wərdz ɔn ðə peɪʤ, ənd ðət ʧeɪnʤd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ənd ˈsədənli hər vɔɪs ʧeɪnʤd. ðɛr ɪz ə lɔt əv ðət. ʃi hirz ðɪs kæt θru ðə θri pɪŋk ellipses*. wən əv ðə pɑrts ðət ˈɔlˌweɪz gɪts mi əˈbaʊt ɪz ðə θɔt əv ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈvɑljumz wɪθ hər æt ðə ˈsɛnər ɪz ðət ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈprɪvɪlɪʤ ðət aɪ kən ˌɪˈmæʤən. aɪ wɪl bi soʊ ˈləki ɪf aɪ gɪt tɪ du ðɪs. ɔl ðə ˈkɛrɪktərz ɪn ðə bʊk hir ðə kæt, bət ðə wən ðət ˈænsərz ənd lips frəm ðə kɑr, ənd ʃi goʊz tɪ gɪt ɪt. ɔl əv ðə ˈəðər ˈkɛrɪktərz ər ˈʧoʊzən, bət ðə wən ðət ˈænsərz. ðə hɑrt əv ðə bʊk fər ðə ˈraɪtər ənd ðə ˈridər. du ju ˈænsər ðə kɔl?: ɪn ˈməltəpəl bʊks, ju sim tɪ hæv ə kin ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈʧɪldrən ɪn ˈpɛrəl. ðɛr ɪz ðə ˈhɔrəbli əˈbjuzd ˈʤɑni truənt ɪn haʊs əv livz, ənd ðə ˈɔrfənz ɪnˈdeɪnʤərd baɪ ðə ˈstɔriˌtɛlər ɪn ðə sɔrd. naʊ, ðɛr ɪz, hu həz ə blik fˈjuʧər əˈhɛd. du ju si ə trɛnd ɪn jʊr ˈraɪtɪŋ?: ʃʊr. ə pɔɪnt, ə ˈnɛksəs, wɛr ðə ˈlɪtərəl ənd hɪˈstɔrɪk, prəˈfɛtɪk ənd ənd ðə sɪmˈbɑlɪk ˈkɑmbaɪn. jɛs, wi ər ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ə ʧaɪld, bət wi hæv ðiz jəŋ aɪˈdiəz æt ɔl ˈeɪʤɪz, ðət ɪf ˈnərʧərd ənd kɛrd fər, kən goʊ əp tɪ ˈbɪgər ənd ˈbɛtər θɪŋz. ðeɪ meɪ bi ɛz sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ɛz ə ˈlɪtəl ˌɪmˈpəls ðət ə ˈwʊmən həz bɪn ˈhoʊldɪŋ ɔn tɪ, ðət ʃi kən ˈnərʧər, ənd ˈsədənli bɪˈkəm ðɪs ˈlɪtəl glim tɛn jɪrz ˈleɪtər, ənd ʧeɪnʤ hər laɪf ɪn ə weɪ ðət ɪz ˌɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ fər ˈɛvriˌwən. θru ə lɔt əv ˈpræktɪs əv maɪ oʊn, ˈwɛðər ɪt ɪz ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈpræktɪs laɪk taɪ kaɪ ər ˈjoʊgə, ɪt ɪz ðɪs ˈkɑnstənt pleɪs əv ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈnunəs ənd beginnerness*. ə ʧaɪld ɪz ˌɛmbləˈmætɪk əv ðət. ɪt ɪz ə taɪm wɪn wi ər fɔrmd baɪ ˈpaʊərfəl aɪˈdiəz ənd meɪ bi ˈprɛʤədəst baɪ ðiz aɪˈdiəz. frəm ən ˈərli eɪʤ, wi ər sˈlɑtɪd tɪ ə ˈsərtən vˈjuˌpɔɪnt. wi ˈɔlˌweɪz hæv ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ɪnˈʤɛndər ə ˈdɪfərənt vˈjuˌpɔɪnt, jɛt ɪt ɪz ˈvɛri ˈizi nɑt tɪ. ɪt ɪz ðɪs pɔɪnt wɪn ˈhæbəts ðət stɑrt tɪ ˌriɪnˈfɔrs bæd θɪŋz ɛz wɛl ɛz gʊd θɪŋz hæv nɑt kwaɪt fɔrmd ər sɛt, ənd ðɛr ɪz ən ˈoʊpənəs. ðɛr ɪz səʧ ə vaɪˈtæləti. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ðɛr ɪz ən eɪʤ ɪn ðə familiar…*… ɪt ɪz ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt fər mi tɪ si ðə bʊk ɛz ju si ðə bʊk, fər soʊ məʧ mɔr əv ɪt ɪz ɪn pleɪs ɪn maɪ hɛd, wɪʧ aɪ noʊ ɪz nɑt ɪn ˈvɑljum aɪ.: ɪn tərmz əv jʊr ˈwərkɪŋ staɪl, du ju ɔˈrɛdi noʊ wət ˈhæpənz ɪn vi. 22 ənd vi. 27: jɛs. aɪ ˌæbsəˈlutli noʊ ðə ˈɛndɪŋ ənd aɪ æm ˈkɑnfədənt ðət ðə ˈɛndɪŋ wɪl bi ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈdɪfərənt baɪ ðə taɪm ðət aɪ gɪt ðɛr. ɪt ɪz ɪn pleɪs. ðɛr ər ˈstɔriz ðət wɪl bi dɪˈvɛləpt ɪn məʧ ˈgreɪtər ˈditeɪl, laɪk [ðə ɑrˈminiən kæb ˈdraɪvər] ənd ðə ˈɛˈleɪˈpiˈdi dɪˈtɛktɪv], soʊ ðɛr ɪz ðɪs ˈɛləmənt əv eɪʤ, əv ˈoʊldər ˈkɛrɪktərz, ɛz wɛl, ənd tɪ ðɛr oʊn əˈweɪkənɪŋ ənd ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ. ɪz ˈkəmɪŋ around…*… hi həz ə lɔt əv bɔlz ɪn ðə ɛr.: iʧ ˈʧæptər hæd ɪts oʊn ˈɛmbər əv ˈvaɪələns, frəm ˈluθər ðə ˈgæŋbæŋgər tɪ ˈgrɪzli ˈmərdər sinz, tɪ ˈvaɪələnt əˈbrəpt ənd ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˌɛpɪˈlɛptɪk fɪts. dɪd ju ˌɪnˈtɛnd ðɪs məʧ ˈvaɪələns ər dɪd ɪt ʤɪst ˈhæpən?: ðə hoʊl bʊk dɪd ˈhæpən ɪn wən weɪ, ðə ˈmoʊmənt əv ʤɪst ˈraɪtɪŋ ɪt frəm ˈnoʊˌwɛr. ðɛn ðə bʊk ʤɪst ˈhæpən, bɪˈkəz ðɛr wɑz ə riˈvɪzɪtɪŋ əv ðə ˈdɪfərənt ˈsɛkʃənz. jʊr kənˈsərn əˈbaʊt ðə ˈvaɪələns ɪz raɪt. ðɛr ɪz ə fɪr əv ˈvaɪələns, ðɛr ɪz səm ɪkˈspɪriəns wɪθ ˈvaɪələns, ðə ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd ˈstɔriz əv ˈvaɪələns ɪn maɪ ˈfɑðər ˈhævɪŋ sərˈvaɪvd wərld wɔr ii*. ðɛr ɪz ðə ˈmædənɪŋ ˈɛnərʤi əv ˈvaɪələns. ə gʊd pɔɪnt. ðɛr ɪz ˈvaɪələns ənd mɔr ˈvaɪələns ˈkəmɪŋ. ˈvaɪələns ɪz ə kəmˈprɛst ˈmoʊmənt ðət ɪz ˈʃɑkɪŋ ənd əˈbrəpt ənd aʊt əv ðə ˈɔrdəˌnɛri ɪn ɪts ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnʃən, ˈivɪn ðoʊ ɪt spiks tɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl. pɑrt əv ðə ˈlɪtərˌɛri ˈɑrgjəmənt, ðə kəmˈprɛʃən əv θɪŋz, wət ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz soʊ bɪˈwɪldərɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈpæsɪʤ, əˈbaʊt ˈvaɪələns wɛr taɪm ɪz ækˈsɛlərˌeɪtɪd, ðət ɪt goʊz bɪɔnd ɑr kənˈtroʊl.: dɪd ju du ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ˈrisərʧ tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈluθər ənd hɪz kru?: ə lɔt əv ɪt ɪz ˌprɑvəˈdɛnʃəl ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃənz tɪ ˈpipəl. ˈɛndɪd ðət ˈklɔɪstərd, məˈnæstɪk pɑrt əv maɪ laɪf ɛz ə ˈraɪtər, ənd aɪ wɔnt tɪ bi məʧ mɔr ˈoʊpən tɪ ðə ˈvɛriəbəlz əv ʧeɪnʤ, ənd ðət tʊk ə lɔt mɔr duɪŋ. aɪ hæd tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ˈæˌspɛkts əv maɪ ˌpərsəˈnælɪti, ˈfərðər ˈæmpləˌfaɪd baɪ ðə ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv ˈsælɪnʤər ənd pynchon*. ˈsədənli aɪ sɛd, ˈoʊpən ðə dɔrz, ˈoʊpən ðə ˈwɪndoʊz here.”*.” ðət bɪˈgæn tɪ teɪk pleɪs wɪθ ðə sɔrd. aɪ dɪˈpɛndɪd ɔn ˈəðər ˈpipəl ənd ðət lɛd tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃənz. ɪt rikˈwaɪərd ˈpərsɪnəl ˈoʊpənəs ðət wɑz ˈvɛri hɑrd fər mi. aɪ kʊd bi æt ə ˈbɑrbɪˌkju ənd stɑrt ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ ˈsəmˌwən. fər səm ˈrizən, ðɪs gaɪ ˈoʊpənd əp tɪ mi əˈbaʊt laɪf ɪn pinta”*” [ðə lɑ ˈmɛksəkən gæŋz] ənd ɪn ʤeɪl. ðət lɛd ˈɪntu wərld. ə lɔt əv ðə ˈtæksi kæb ˈdraɪvərz ɪn lɑ ər ɑrˈminiən. ˈsədənli, aɪ wɑz ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ ðɛm ənd ˈhævɪŋ greɪt ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz. ju hæv ðɪs ˌhɔˈrɛndəs ˈɪŋlɪʃ, bət θru ɪt ju gɪt ðiz trɪˈmɛndəs ˈstɔriz əv ðə ɑrˈminiən ˈʤɛnəˌsaɪd, wɪʧ wɑz biɪŋ ˈɛkoʊd naʊ. ɪt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ əˈbaʊt nɑt ˈgɪtɪŋ kənfˈjuzd baɪ ðə smɔl θɪŋz, bət ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈlɑrʤər ˈɪʃuz, ðə blənt ˈsəbʤɪkt əv iʧ ˈʧæptər.: səm ˈstɔri θrɛdz ɪn ðə fəˈmɪljər vi. 1 ɛnd əˈbrəptli. aɪ θɔt ðeɪ meɪ bi rɛd ˈhɛrɪŋz ənd dɛd ɛndz. wɪθ ˈvɑljumz tɪ goʊ, du ju ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ðə ˈʃɔrtər ˈstɔriz laɪk ðə ˈkaʊˌbɔɪ ər ðə ˈɛldərli fˈjuʤɪtɪv ˈkəpəl ɪn ˈmɑrfə, ˈtɛksəs, ˈtrævəlɪŋ wɪθ ə mɪˈstɪriəs məˈʃin kɔld orb”*” : jɛp. ðə ˈəðər θɪŋ ɪz biɪŋ open…*… aɪ kən ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ðɪs ˈhæpənɪŋ ðət fər ðə fərst taɪm, ðɛr wɪl bi ˈridər ˈfidˌbæk. ɛz ˈridərz ər drɔn ɪn ənd bɪˈkəm mɔr ˈkjʊriəs əˈbaʊt θɪŋz, ðiz θɪŋz meɪ bɪˈkəm ˈæmpləˌfaɪd baɪ ðə səˈʤɛsʧənz ðət meɪ kəm. ɪt wɪl bi məʧ mɔr ˈoʊpən, bət ðɛr wɪl bi taɪmz wɪn aɪ seɪ, nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ happen.”*.” ðɛr ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛls ðət kən ˈhæpən, ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv aɪˈdiəz. wən ˈpərsən hu wɑz ˈhɛlpɪŋ mi wɪθ ðə ɑrˈminiən ˈsɛkʃən ˈoʊpənd əp wɪθ ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈstɔriz ðət ʃi ˈivɪn θɪŋk wər ʤərˈmeɪn tɪ ðə bʊk. ðeɪ ˌɪntrəˈdust mi tɪ ə ˈdɪfərənt sɛt əv literatures*, wɪʧ wɪl ˈɪnfluəns wət ɪz ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ɪn ðə ˈnɑvəl.: wɑz ɪt ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ raɪt ðə ˈtɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ sin wɛr bərsts aʊt əv hər kɑr, ˈɪntu ə ˈblaɪndɪŋ ˈreɪnˌstɔrm?: ɪt wɑz. ɪn səm weɪz, ɪt ɪz ðə hɑrt əv ðə bʊk. ɪt wɑz ðə hɑrt əv ðə læst naɪn jɪrz əv ˈraɪtɪŋ. ɪt wɑz ðə ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl pɑrt ðət ʃi wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ faɪnd ˈsəmθɪŋ. ðə ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl vəˈlɑsəti wɪn ju ər ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ ər ˈluzɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ, ðə sɛns əv ɪˈleɪʃən ðət gɪvz ju ˈpərpəs, ðət kən draɪv θru hər rən. aɪ ˈwəndər ɪf wət ˈridərz ər rɪˈspɑndɪŋ tɪ, wɪʧ ɪz ɪn ðə bʊk, ɪz ðə sɛns əv lɔs ðət ðə ˈpɛrənts fil ðeɪ ər ˈluzɪŋ hər. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˌəndərˈstænd ðət ʃi ɪz ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ, ðət ʃi ɪz groʊɪŋ əp, ðət ðɛr ɪz ən ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈtɛnʃən ðət ðɛr ˈdɔtər ɪz ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ bɪˈkəm hu ʃi ɪz ɪn ə weɪ ðeɪ kənˈtroʊl. ðɪs ˈmoʊmənt ɪz literalized*. ˈɑnwɑr ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli ˈluzɪŋ hər, bət fər ə ˈmoʊmənt ɪz ˌənəˈwɛr əv hər ˈlivɪŋ ðə kɑr, bɪˈkəz hi ɪz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə reɪn, ðə ˈtræfɪk ənd wɛr ðeɪ ər goʊɪŋ. ɪz nɑt ˈluzɪŋ ˈɑnwɑr. ðɛr ɪz noʊ pɔɪnt wɛr ʃi ɪz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əv ɪm. ɪz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əv ðə ˈpərpəs ðət ʃi kən hoʊld ɔn tɪ θru ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət wɪl kəm æt hər. ʤɪst əˈhɛd əv ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət wɪl æsk əv hər tɪ feɪl. ðɛr ɪz ðə riˈpriv ðət ʃi grænts tɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ɪz ˈvɔɪsləs ənd ənˈnoʊn. ɪt ɪz ˈvɛri ˈmuvɪŋ. aɪ fil ðoʊz ˈsiʒərz əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðət həz. fər mi, ɪt ɪz ðə moʊst ˈifɛktɪv pɑrt əv ðə bʊk. aɪ æm ˈgrætəˌfaɪd baɪ ðə ˈərli rɪˈspɑns əv ˈridərz. aɪ wɑz muvd ˈraɪtɪŋ ɪt. ɪn ðɪs sin, ɪz nɑt preɪ tɪ ðə ˈjuʒəwəl ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ˈædvərˌsɛriz. ðə reɪn, ðə ˈdɪstəns. ðə pɪˈkjuljər ˈkɔlɪŋ əv ən ənˈspɛsəˌfaɪd θɪŋ ðət ˈɔltərz ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp. ɪt həz ə proʊˈfaʊnd ˈifɛkt ɔn ðə ˈfæməli ɪn ˈleɪtər ˈvɑljumz.: bɪn ˈfɪfˈtin jɪrz sɪns haʊs əv livz. fər ðət bʊk ju tʊrd ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli θru ˈbʊkˌstɔrz θruaʊt ðə ˈkəntri, ɛz wɛl ɛz duɪŋ ə tʊr wɪθ moʊd ənd jʊr ˈsɪstər poʊ, wɛr ju pərˈfɔrmd ˌɑnˈsteɪʤ. fər ðɪs bʊk, ju ər duɪŋ ə ˈmɪdəl əˈmɛrɪkən tʊr əv fɔr cities—athens*, ˈʤɔrʤə; ˈtəlsə, ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə; fɔrt ˈkɑlɪnz, ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ, ənd ˈpɔrtlənd, ˈɔrəˌgɑn. waɪ ðɪs ʧeɪnʤ əv peɪs?: ɪt ɪz wət aɪ wɔnt tɪ du. ɪt ɪz ðə bʊk, laɪk ðə kæt, laɪk, wɪl sərˈvaɪv bɪˈkəz əv, ðə bʊk ənd ðə kæt. ðɛr ɪz nɑt ðə taɪm tɪ du ðət ɪkˈstɛnsɪv tʊr. əˈbaʊt ˈpeɪsɪŋ. ˈtɔkɪŋ wɪθ maɪ ˈpəblɪʃər, ɪf wi ər ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ tu ər θri ˈvɑljumz ə jɪr, aɪ hæv ðə taɪm tɪ teɪk ə mənθ ɔf tɪ tʊr fər iʧ ˈvɑljum. ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl. wi ˈsɛtəld ɔn wən wik əv ˈtʊrɪŋ. wi ər duɪŋ ə ˈlɪmɪtɪd əˈmaʊnt əv prɛs, sɪks tɪ naɪn ˈɪntərvˌjuz. ðə aɪˈdiə ɪz nɑt tɪ rɪˈpit ðə seɪm ˈsɪtiz. ˈoʊvər ˈvɑljumz, ɪt meɪ ɛnd əp biɪŋ ðə moʊst ɪkˈspænsɪv ˈtʊrɪŋ aɪ hæv ˈɛvər dən, sɪns ˈtʊrɪŋ wɪθ moʊd ənd maɪ ˈsɪstər. wi ər nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ du nu jɔrk ənd lɑ ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl taɪm. sprɛd ɪt out…*… ə fju bɪg ˈsɪtiz ənd ə fju smɔl ˈsɪtiz. ɪf ðə bʊk dɪz wɛl, ɪt wɪl bi mɔr əv ə bɪg ɪˈvɛnt fər ðə nu jɔrk ˈbʊkˌstɔrz ɪn ˈleɪtər ˈvɑljumz. ðeɪ ər goʊɪŋ tɪ gɪt ə lɔt mɔr ˈpipəl, wɪʧ ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈbɛtər fər ðɛr ˈbɪznɪs. ɪt wɪl bi mɔr əv ə gʊd taɪm. ˈəltəmətli, aɪ wɔnt ˈɛvriˌwən tɪ hæv ə gʊd taɪm. wi dɪd soʊ ˈmɛni ˈsɪtiz fər haʊs əv livz, wɪθ moʊd, ðɛn ðə ˈbɔrdərz ˈbʊkˌstɔr tʊr. ðɛn ðɛr wər tʊrz ðət ˈsoʊfi [ˌkɑˈtrɛl, hɪz oʊld ˈpəblɪsɪst] kɛpt ˈædɪŋ. ju ˈɔlˌmoʊst bɪˈkəm ən ækt. ðə fəˈmɪljər sɪz ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ. ɪt tʊk naɪn jɪrz tɪ raɪt ənd ɪt ˈprɑbəˌbli teɪks əˈbaʊt tɛn tɪ twɛlv aʊərz tɪ rɛd. ɪt ˈprɑbəˌbli tʊk ju twaɪs ɛz lɔŋ tɪ rɛd ðə fərst hæf əv ðə bʊk ɛz ɪt tʊk ju tɪ rɛd ðə ˈsɛkənd hæf. pɑrt əv ðə ˌɪmˈpækt əv ðə sin wɪθ ɪn ðə noʊ goʊɪŋ tɪ spid θɪŋz əp. kræft. ˈplɑtɪd laɪk hər ˈθɪŋkɪŋ. ˈlərnɪd haʊ tɪ rɛd hər. bɪn tɔt haʊ tɪ rɛd hər wɪθ ðə ˈraɪzɪŋ ˈreɪnˌstɔrmz, ənd ˈfaɪnəli ʃi həz ðə ˈmoʊmənt wɪn ʃi friz hərˈsɛlf frəm ðət.: ˈfɪfˈtin jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ɔn jʊr ɪkˈstɛnsɪv bʊk tʊr, ju meɪd ə pɔɪnt ɪf ˌɪnˈskraɪbɪŋ ˈɑrtˌwərk ɪn ðə ˈɔdiəns members’*’ bʊks, ənd ðɛn steɪd aʊt leɪt ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ bɪr wɪθ ðə ˈbʊkˌstɔr stæf. dɪd ðɪs hɛlp sɛl bʊks?: aɪ wʊd ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ boʊθ ðə ˈɔdiəns ənd ðə stæf. ðət wɑz tɔt tɪ mi baɪ ˈsoʊfi ˌkɑˈtrɛl. aɪ rɛd æt ˈɛliət beɪ bʊk ˈkəmpəˌni ɪn siˈætəl ənd ˈoʊnli fɔr ˈpipəl ʃoʊd əp, ənd tu əv ðɛm wər ˈhoʊmləs. wən əv ðə ˈpipəl wɔkt aʊt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈrɛdɪŋ ənd ɪt ə ˈhoʊmləs ˈpərsən. ˈsoʊfi toʊld mi aɪ wɑz ˈsɛlɪŋ ə lɔt əv bʊks. aɪ hæd həŋ aʊt wɪθ ɔl ðə ˈbʊkˌsɛlərz, hu aɪ ləvd, ənd ðeɪ wər ˈsɛlɪŋ maɪ bʊks ˈoʊvər ðə wik.: waɪ dɪz ˈɛvəri əˈpɪrəns əv ðə wərd ““familiar”*” ʃoʊ əp ɪn ðə ˈkələr pɪŋk?: ðət ɪz wən kˈwɛʃən ðət aɪ æm ʤɪst nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈænsər. laɪk ˈæskɪŋ waɪ ““house”*” ɪn haʊs əv livz ˈɔlˌweɪz ʃoʊz əp ɪn blu. ðə ˈrizənɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ðɪs ɪz ɔl ˈrəðər ɪkˈstɛnsɪv. aɪ dɪˈfər tɪ ðə ˈmoʊmənt əˈhɛd wɛr ju hæv jʊr ““a-ha”*” ˈmoʊmənt.: ˈnæʧərəl ˈfɑðər ɪz dɑv, ə ˈsoʊlʤər hu daɪd ə hɪˈroʊɪk dɛθ ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn. wət ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ju ɪn ˈgɪvɪŋ ə goʊst ˈfɑðər?: gʊd kˈwɛʃən. lɑts əv ˈrizənz, bət ðət ɪz ɪn ðə ˈkætəˌgɔri əv pɪŋk fər ‘‘familiar’?”*’?” ju ər ˈlændɪŋ ɔn ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt θɪŋz.: waɪ du ju freɪm moʊst əv ðə ˈækʃən ɪn ðə bʊk ɛz ˈlɪtərəli ˈteɪkɪŋ pleɪs ˈdʊrɪŋ ə tɔˈrɛnʃəl ˈreɪnˌstɔrm ɪn ðət ˈsɪti əv lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs?: pɑrt əv tru. wi ər ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ə draʊt ənd ˈsədənli ðə reɪn ʤɪst drɑps frəm ðə skaɪ. ɪt filz laɪk ðɛr ɪz ɪˈnəf ˈwɔtər fərˈɛvər, bət ðɛr isn’t*. ðə strits ər laɪk ˈrɪvərz. ju si ˈgɑrbɪʤ kænz swɛpt əˈweɪ. ðə bʊk ɪz ə ləv sɔŋ tɪ lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs, weɪ bɪɔnd wət ˈpipəl əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt wɪθ lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs, ɪts ˈmidiə pərˈsoʊnə. ɛz ju wərk ðə məˈtɪriəl, ɪt bɪˈgɪnz tɪ gɪv ˈsədənli. ə rainstorm?”*?” ðɛr ər ˌsɪnəˈmætɪk ˈɪnstɪŋkts. ju ər ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ˈsiʒərz ənd ju kən teɪk ɪt soʊ fɑr wɪθ ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ðət ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪts. ˈəltəmətli, fər, ðə ˈreɪnˌstɔrm muvz ˈɪntu ə ˈvɪʒəwəl ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən əv ðə ˈsədən kræʃ əv ˈmɛni θɔts. ðɛr wɑz ðɪs ˈmoʊmənt ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ wɪn aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət ˈɛvəri ˈkɛrɪktər wɑz ɪn ðə reɪn. ɪf ˈkjuˌbrɪk wɑz ðə ˈpeɪtrən seɪnt əv haʊs əv livz, əˈkirə wɑz sɔrt əv ðə ˈpeɪtrən seɪnt əv ðə fəˈmɪljər. drɔɪŋ mɑrk. |
in march 2012, police responded to a call from a brooklyn public school about a five-year old autistic boy who was having a tantrum. officers held down the kindergartener, who was then tied to a stretcher and transported to a hospital.
the little boy's mother had been called to the school and witnessed the episode. "he was crying and screaming," she said. "they strapped him to that stretcher."
the episode got local news coverage. and the family eventually filed a lawsuit, which new york settled. but according to the figures that new york files with the federal government, the incident never happened.
like all school districts across the country, new york is required to record every time a public school kid is held or tied down and report totals each year to the u.s. department of education. the number new york gave the government? zero.
"there's not even a remote possibility that the number zero is correct," said johanna miller, the advocacy director for the new york civil liberties union.
new york, the nation's largest school district, wasn't the only one to incorrectly report zero restraints to the federal government. so did los angeles and chicago the nation's second and third largest school districts.
indeed, chicago public schools spokeswoman lauren huffman acknowledged restraints are allowed in some cases but said chicago doesn't keep a tally of them. "it's our intention to do a better job tracking them centrally," she said.
earlier this year, detailed how kids are frequently restrained at public schools. as we reported, the government's first attempt at a nationwide count showed instances of restraints in the 2012 school year.
some schools reported hundreds of restraints, which can include anything from pinning uncooperative children face down on the floor to tying them up with straps, handcuffs or even duct tape. three-quarters of students who were restrained had physical, emotional or intellectual disabilities.
children have suffered countless injuries from restraints, including broken bones. a government report a few years ago detailed hundreds of instances of abuse and several deaths over two decades.
after that report, the u.s. department of education's office for civil rights made it mandatory for school districts to tell to the government how many times they have used restraints.
the department of education declined to say whether they have penalized any districts for failing to report.
but underreporting appears to be rampant. our analysis found that more than two-thirds of all school systems reported zero instances of restraining a student or isolating them in so-called "seclusion" rooms.
many districts are not taking the reporting process seriously, said claudia center, a senior attorney for the american civil liberties union.
"i think there needs to be a real cultural shift on restraints," center said. "it has been a really common practice in schools for decades. if [schools] had to write down how many times they actually do it, they would have to change what they're doing."
a spokesman for the federal department of education said if school districts fail to collect data on restraints, the government works with them to construct a plan to improve and could ultimately compel them to report by suspending federal aid until they do.
huffman, the spokeswoman from chicago's public school system, said federal officials haven't contacted school officials there about their missing data.
los angeles unified school district spokeswoman gayle pollard-terry, said that although the district reported zero instances of restraints, it keeps its own tally of incidents involving disabled children. advocates say such actions, which are called "behavioral emergency inventions," often come in the form of restraints. the los angeles unified school district reported 103 interventions during the 2012 school year.
as for new york, the city says it doesn't count restraints because only police and emergency medical technicians are allowed to do them a distinction federal authorities say is irrelevant. the u.s. department of education says all restraints at a public school are to be reported, no matter who does them.
previously released city records show new york public schools called emergency medical services more than times in one recent year to handle disruptive children. logged each of those calls. but when were restraints used? the records don't say.
read more about restraints and in public schools across the country, who's fighting federal limits on the practices, and whether your state law says it's ok to pin down kids in school.
journalists: check out our reporting recipe to learn how to report on school restraint and seclusion in your state and sign up to be matched with potential sources. | ɪn mɑrʧ 2012 pəˈlis rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ə kɔl frəm ə ˈbrʊklɪn ˈpəblɪk skul əˈbaʊt ə ˈfaɪvˌjɪr oʊld ɔˈtɪstɪk bɔɪ hu wɑz ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈtæntrəm. ˈɔfɪsərz hɛld daʊn ðə kindergartener*, hu wɑz ðɛn taɪd tɪ ə ˈstrɛʧər ənd trænˈspɔrtəd tɪ ə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl. ðə ˈlɪtəl bɔɪz ˈməðər hæd bɪn kɔld tɪ ðə skul ənd ˈwɪtnəst ðə ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd. "hi wɑz kraɪɪŋ ənd ˈskrimɪŋ," ʃi sɛd. "ðeɪ stræpt ɪm tɪ ðət ˈstrɛʧər." ðə ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd gɑt ˈloʊkəl nuz ˈkəvərɪʤ. ənd ðə ˈfæməli ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli faɪld ə ˈlɔˌsut, wɪʧ nu jɔrk ˈsɛtəld. bət əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈfɪgjərz ðət nu jɔrk faɪlz wɪθ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt, ðə ˈɪnsədənt ˈnɛvər ˈhæpənd. laɪk ɔl skul ˈdɪstrɪkts əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri, nu jɔrk ɪz rikˈwaɪərd tɪ ˈrɛkərd ˈɛvəri taɪm ə ˈpəblɪk skul kɪd ɪz hɛld ər taɪd daʊn ənd rɪˈpɔrt ˈtoʊtəlz iʧ jɪr tɪ ðə juz. dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən. ðə ˈnəmbər nu jɔrk geɪv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt? ˈziroʊ. "ðɛrz nɑt ˈivɪn ə rɪˈmoʊt ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ðət ðə ˈnəmbər ˈziroʊ ɪz kərˈɛkt," sɛd ʤəˈhænə ˈmɪlər, ðə ˈædvəkəsi dɪˈrɛktər fər ðə nu jɔrk ˈsɪvəl ˈlɪbərˌtiz ˈjunjən. nu jɔrk, ðə ˈneɪʃənz ˈlɑrʤəst skul ˈdɪstrɪkt, ˈwəzənt ðə ˈoʊnli wən tɪ ˌɪnkərˈɛktli rɪˈpɔrt ˈziroʊ rɪˈstreɪnts tɪ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt. soʊ dɪd lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs ənd ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ ðə ˈneɪʃənz ˈsɛkənd ənd θərd ˈlɑrʤəst skul ˈdɪstrɪkts. ˌɪnˈdid, ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ ˈpəblɪk skulz ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən ˈlɔrən ˈhəfmən ækˈnɑlɪʤd rɪˈstreɪnts ər əˈlaʊd ɪn səm ˈkeɪsɪz bət sɛd ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ ˈdəzənt kip ə ˈtæli əv ðɛm. "ɪts ɑr ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən tɪ du ə ˈbɛtər ʤɑb ˈtrækɪŋ ðɛm ˈsɛntrəli," ʃi sɛd. ˈərliər ðɪs jɪr, dɪˈteɪld haʊ kɪdz ər ˈfrikwɛntli riˈstreɪnd æt ˈpəblɪk skulz. ɛz wi ˌriˈpɔrtəd, ðə ˈgəvərnmənts fərst əˈtɛmpt æt ə ˈneɪʃənˈwaɪd kaʊnt ʃoʊd ˈɪnstənsɪz əv rɪˈstreɪnts ɪn ðə 2012 skul jɪr. səm skulz ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈhənərdz əv rɪˈstreɪnts, wɪʧ kən ˌɪnˈklud ˈɛniˌθɪŋ frəm ˈpɪnɪŋ ənkoʊˈɑpərətɪv ˈʧɪldrən feɪs daʊn ɔn ðə flɔr tɪ taɪɪŋ ðɛm əp wɪθ stræps, ˈhændˌkəfs ər ˈivɪn dəkt teɪp. θˌrikˈwɔrtərz əv ˈstudənts hu wər riˈstreɪnd hæd ˈfɪzɪkəl, ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ər ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəl dɪsəˈbɪlɪtiz. ˈʧɪldrən hæv ˈsəfərd ˈkaʊntləs ˈɪnʤəriz frəm rɪˈstreɪnts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈbroʊkən boʊnz. ə ˈgəvərnmənt rɪˈpɔrt ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ dɪˈteɪld ˈhənərdz əv ˈɪnstənsɪz əv əˈbjuz ənd ˈsɛvərəl dɛθs ˈoʊvər tu ˈdɛkeɪdz. ˈæftər ðət rɪˈpɔrt, ðə juz. dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃənz ˈɔfəs fər ˈsɪvəl raɪts meɪd ɪt ˈmændəˌtɔri fər skul ˈdɪstrɪkts tɪ tɛl tɪ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz ðeɪ hæv juzd rɪˈstreɪnts. ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ seɪ ˈwɛðər ðeɪ hæv ˈpinəˌlaɪzd ˈɛni ˈdɪstrɪkts fər ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ rɪˈpɔrt. bət ˈəndərrɪˈpɔrtɪŋ əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ˈræmpənt. ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs faʊnd ðət mɔr ðən ˌtuˈθərdz əv ɔl skul ˈsɪstəmz ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈziroʊ ˈɪnstənsɪz əv riˈstreɪnɪŋ ə ˈstudənt ər ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪŋ ðɛm ɪn ˈsoʊˈkɔld "sɪˈkluʒən" rumz. ˈmɛni ˈdɪstrɪkts ər nɑt ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ˈsɪriəsli, sɛd ˈklɔdiə ˈsɛnər, ə ˈsinjər əˈtərni fər ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsɪvəl ˈlɪbərˌtiz ˈjunjən. "aɪ θɪŋk ðɛr nidz tɪ bi ə ril ˈkəlʧərəl ʃɪft ɔn rɪˈstreɪnts," ˈsɛnər sɛd. "ɪt həz bɪn ə ˈrɪli ˈkɑmən ˈpræktɪs ɪn skulz fər ˈdɛkeɪdz. ɪf [skulz] hæd tɪ raɪt daʊn haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz ðeɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli du ɪt, ðeɪ wʊd hæv tɪ ʧeɪnʤ wət ðɛr duɪŋ." ə ˈspoʊksmən fər ðə ˈfɛdərəl dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən sɛd ɪf skul ˈdɪstrɪkts feɪl tɪ kəˈlɛkt ˈdætə ɔn rɪˈstreɪnts, ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wərks wɪθ ðɛm tɪ ˈkɑnstrəkt ə plæn tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ənd kʊd ˈəltəmətli kəmˈpɛl ðɛm tɪ rɪˈpɔrt baɪ səˈspɛndɪŋ ˈfɛdərəl eɪd ənˈtɪl ðeɪ du. ˈhəfmən, ðə ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən frəm ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊz ˈpəblɪk skul ˈsɪstəm, sɛd ˈfɛdərəl əˈfɪʃəlz ˈhævənt ˈkɑnˌtæktɪd skul əˈfɪʃəlz ðɛr əˈbaʊt ðɛr ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈdætə. lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs ˈjunəˌfaɪd skul ˈdɪstrɪkt ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən geɪl pollard-terry*, sɛd ðət ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈziroʊ ˈɪnstənsɪz əv rɪˈstreɪnts, ɪt kips ɪts oʊn ˈtæli əv ˈɪnsədənts ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ dɪˈseɪbəld ˈʧɪldrən. ˈædvəˌkeɪts seɪ səʧ ˈækʃənz, wɪʧ ər kɔld "bɪˈheɪvjərəl ˈimərʤənsi ˌɪnˈvɛnʃənz," ˈɔfən kəm ɪn ðə fɔrm əv rɪˈstreɪnts. ðə lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs ˈjunəˌfaɪd skul ˈdɪstrɪkt ˌriˈpɔrtəd 103 ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃənz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə 2012 skul jɪr. ɛz fər nu jɔrk, ðə ˈsɪti sɪz ɪt ˈdəzənt kaʊnt rɪˈstreɪnts bɪˈkəz ˈoʊnli pəˈlis ənd ˈimərʤənsi ˈmɛdɪkəl tɛkˈnɪʃənz ər əˈlaʊd tɪ du ðɛm ə dɪˈstɪŋkʃən ˈfɛdərəl əˈθɔrətiz seɪ ɪz ˌɪˈrɛləvənt. ðə juz. dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən sɪz ɔl rɪˈstreɪnts æt ə ˈpəblɪk skul ər tɪ bi ˌriˈpɔrtəd, noʊ ˈmætər hu dɪz ðɛm. ˈpriviəsli riˈlist ˈsɪti ˈrɛkərdz ʃoʊ nu jɔrk ˈpəblɪk skulz kɔld ˈimərʤənsi ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsərvɪsɪz mɔr ðən taɪmz ɪn wən ˈrisənt jɪr tɪ ˈhændəl dɪsˈrəptɪv ˈʧɪldrən. lɔgd iʧ əv ðoʊz kɔlz. bət wɪn wər rɪˈstreɪnts juzd? ðə ˈrɛkərdz doʊnt seɪ. rɛd mɔr əˈbaʊt rɪˈstreɪnts ənd ɪn ˈpəblɪk skulz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri, huz ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˈfɛdərəl ˈlɪmɪts ɔn ðə ˈpræktɪsɪz, ənd ˈwɛðər jʊr steɪt lɔ sɪz ɪts ˈoʊˈkeɪ tɪ pɪn daʊn kɪdz ɪn skul. ˈʤərnəlɪsts: ʧɛk aʊt ɑr rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈrɛsəpi tɪ lərn haʊ tɪ rɪˈpɔrt ɔn skul rɪˈstreɪnt ənd sɪˈkluʒən ɪn jʊr steɪt ənd saɪn əp tɪ bi mæʧt wɪθ pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈsɔrsəz. |
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july 13, 2016, pm / updated july 13, 2016, pm by linda carroll
despite dire warnings about the dangers of synthetic, popularly known by names such as, spice, black mamba and kronic, they continue to grow in popularity. just yesterday, 33 people were rushed to the hospital in brooklyn, n.y. with symptoms that suggested an overdose on the drugs, according to an new york report. the health department told the station that there have been more than-related emergency room visits and two confirmed deaths in new york city since 2015. in january, the american association of poison control centers listed exposures.
to get a better understanding of what is and why the drug is so dangerous, nbc news spoke with marilyn a. huestis, a professor at the university of maryland school of medicine in baltimore and former chief of chemistry and drug metabolism at the national institute on drug abuse.
q: what exactly is?
a: these are synthetic compounds that bind to the same receptor in the body and brain as, the most ingredient in [marijuana]. in fact, they can have really different structures from. the first synthetic were actually produced legitimately as tools for us to investigate the pharmacology of the endogenous system. this system is important for critical functions such as temperature control, hunger and reproduction. it also plays very important roles in the brain for executive function, which is what we use to take in information from the environment, evaluate it, and determine a course of action. the researchers who figured out how make these synthetics published their findings in scientific journals and illicit manufacturers learned from those articles.
q: so, if the drugs just mimic compounds that are not only found in marijuana, but are also naturally occurring in the body, the problem?
a: people are dying all the time from synthetic. they can be up to 100 times as potent as the in cannabis. though this is a natural system in the body, marijuana or basically hijack the system and take over.
q: just how dangerous are these compounds can they actually kill you?
we have learned that they can not only lead to death, but we have seen histories of kidney damage. they can destroy the kidneys so people may die or need to have dialysis transplants. they can cause cardiovascular effects and can bring on heart attacks and strokes in the brain.
q: what worries you most about these drugs?
a: frightening. i have studied drugs my whole life and what is so frightening is that so many young people are using these compounds. this is already a known problem with cannabis. we know that if you start before age 17 and you use it frequently, not occasionally, it affects the brain in a way in which the nerves in the brain connect during brain development. so it can reduce iq and can permanently change the brain, which fully developed until the end of one's 20s. | ˈbreɪkɪŋ nuz iˈmeɪlz gɪt ˈbreɪkɪŋ nuz əˈlərts ənd ˈspɛʃəl rɪˈpɔrts. ðə nuz ənd ˈstɔriz ðət ˈmætər, dɪˈlɪvərd ˈwikˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋz. ˌʤuˈlaɪ 13 2016 piɛm ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ˌʤuˈlaɪ 13 2016 piɛm baɪ ˈlɪndə ˈkɛrəl dɪˈspaɪt daɪər ˈwɔrnɪŋz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈdeɪnʤərz əv sɪnˈθɛtɪk, ˈpɑpjələrli noʊn baɪ neɪmz səʧ ɛz spaɪs, blæk ˈmɑmbə ənd kronic*, ðeɪ kənˈtɪnju tɪ groʊ ɪn ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti. ʤɪst ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ, 33 ˈpipəl wər rəʃt tɪ ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ɪn ˈbrʊklɪn, n.y*. wɪθ ˈsɪmptəmz ðət səˈʤɛstɪd ən ˈoʊvərˌdoʊs ɔn ðə drəgz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ən nu jɔrk rɪˈpɔrt. ðə hɛlθ dɪˈpɑrtmənt toʊld ðə ˈsteɪʃən ðət ðɛr hæv bɪn mɔr ðən ˈimərʤənsi rum ˈvɪzɪts ənd tu kənˈfərmd dɛθs ɪn nu jɔrk ˈsɪti sɪns 2015 ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, ðə əˈmɛrɪkən əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən əv ˈpɔɪzən kənˈtroʊl ˈsɛnərz ˈlɪstɪd ɪkˈspoʊʒərz. tɪ gɪt ə ˈbɛtər ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv wət ɪz ənd waɪ ðə drəg ɪz soʊ ˈdeɪnʤərəs, ˈɛnˌbiˈsi nuz spoʊk wɪθ ˈmɛrəlɪn ə. ˈhʊstɪs, ə prəˈfɛsər æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmɛrələnd skul əv ˈmɛdəsən ɪn ˈbɔltəˌmɔr ənd ˈfɔrmər ʧif əv ˈkɛmɪstri ənd drəg məˈtæbəˌlɪzəm æt ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈɪnstɪˌtut ɔn drəg əˈbjuz. kju: wət ɪgˈzæktli ɪz ə: ðiz ər sɪnˈθɛtɪk ˈkɑmpaʊndz ðət baɪnd tɪ ðə seɪm riˈsɛptər ɪn ðə ˈbɑdi ənd breɪn ɛz, ðə moʊst ˌɪnˈgridiənt ɪn [ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə]. ɪn fækt, ðeɪ kən hæv ˈrɪli ˈdɪfərənt ˈstrəkʧərz frəm. ðə fərst sɪnˈθɛtɪk wər ˈæˌkʧuəli prəˈdust ləˈʤɪtəmətli ɛz tulz fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə ˌfɑrməˈkɑləʤi əv ðə ˌɛnˈdɔʤɛnəs ˈsɪstəm. ðɪs ˈsɪstəm ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt fər ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈfəŋkʃənz səʧ ɛz ˈtɛmpərəʧər kənˈtroʊl, ˈhəŋgər ənd ˌriprəˈdəkʃən. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ pleɪz ˈvɛri ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt roʊlz ɪn ðə breɪn fər ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈfəŋkʃən, wɪʧ ɪz wət wi juz tɪ teɪk ɪn ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən frəm ðə ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt, ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt ɪt, ənd dɪˈtərmən ə kɔrs əv ˈækʃən. ðə ˈrisərʧərz hu ˈfɪgjərd aʊt haʊ meɪk ðiz sɪnˈθɛtɪks ˈpəblɪʃt ðɛr ˈfaɪndɪŋz ɪn ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈʤərnəlz ənd ˌɪˈlɪsət ˌmænjəˈfækʧərərz ˈlərnɪd frəm ðoʊz ˈɑrtɪkəlz. kju: soʊ, ɪf ðə drəgz ʤɪst ˈmɪmɪk ˈkɑmpaʊndz ðət ər nɑt ˈoʊnli faʊnd ɪn ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə, bət ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnæʧərəli əˈkərɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈbɑdi, ðə ˈprɑbləm? ə: ˈpipəl ər daɪɪŋ ɔl ðə taɪm frəm sɪnˈθɛtɪk. ðeɪ kən bi əp tɪ 100 taɪmz ɛz ˈpoʊtənt ɛz ðə ɪn ˈkænəbəs. ðoʊ ðɪs ɪz ə ˈnæʧərəl ˈsɪstəm ɪn ðə ˈbɑdi, ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə ər ˈbeɪsɪkli ˈhaɪˌʤæk ðə ˈsɪstəm ənd teɪk ˈoʊvər. kju: ʤɪst haʊ ˈdeɪnʤərəs ər ðiz ˈkɑmpaʊndz kən ðeɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli kɪl ju? wi hæv ˈlərnɪd ðət ðeɪ kən nɑt ˈoʊnli lɛd tɪ dɛθ, bət wi hæv sin ˈhɪstəriz əv ˈkɪdni ˈdæmɪʤ. ðeɪ kən dɪˈstrɔɪ ðə ˈkɪdniz soʊ ˈpipəl meɪ daɪ ər nid tɪ hæv daɪˈælɪsɪs trænˈsplænts. ðeɪ kən kɔz ˌkɑrdioʊˈvæskjələr ˈifɛkts ənd kən brɪŋ ɔn hɑrt əˈtæks ənd stroʊks ɪn ðə breɪn. kju: wət ˈwəriz ju moʊst əˈbaʊt ðiz drəgz? ə: ˈfraɪtənɪŋ. aɪ hæv ˈstədid drəgz maɪ hoʊl laɪf ənd wət ɪz soʊ ˈfraɪtənɪŋ ɪz ðət soʊ ˈmɛni jəŋ ˈpipəl ər ˈjuzɪŋ ðiz ˈkɑmpaʊndz. ðɪs ɪz ɔˈrɛdi ə noʊn ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ˈkænəbəs. wi noʊ ðət ɪf ju stɑrt ˌbiˈfɔr eɪʤ 17 ənd ju juz ɪt ˈfrikwɛntli, nɑt ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli, ɪt əˈfɛkts ðə breɪn ɪn ə weɪ ɪn wɪʧ ðə nərvz ɪn ðə breɪn kəˈnɛkt ˈdʊrɪŋ breɪn dɪˈvɛləpmənt. soʊ ɪt kən rɪˈdus ˈaɪˈkju ənd kən ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli ʧeɪnʤ ðə breɪn, wɪʧ ˈfʊli dɪˈvɛləpt ənˈtɪl ðə ɛnd əv wənz 20s*. |
hillary clinton unveiled a health care proposal saturday that incorporates much of what her opponent bernie sanders has pushed for, in a second move this week that is apparently aimed at securing an endorsement from sanders.
in a statement, the presumptive democratic nominee for president announced her support to expand medicaid, offer a "public-option" for health insurance and double funding for primary care services at community health centers. the centers, which largely serve communities in rural areas, have long been a priority for the senator from vermont who fought to include $11 billion in funding for the centers in the affordable care act of 2010.
clinton said she would support people 55 or older to buy into medicare while protecting the traditional medicare program. clinton first came out in support of giving people the option to buy into medicare in may during the current election cycle as a result of the effect the sanders campaign had on clinton to take more progressive stances.
her campaign noted that she has supported the "public-option" health insurance plan back to her 2008 presidential campaign and has opted for those below the required age to buy into medicare as far back as 2001, when she was a senator in new york.
"we have more work to do to finish our long fight to provide universal, quality, affordable health care to everyone in america," clinton said in a statement. "already, the affordable care act has expanded coverage to 20 million americans. as president, i will make sure republicans never succeed in their attempts to strip away their care and that the remaining uninsured should be able to get the affordable coverage they need to stay healthy."
sanders revealed his "medicare-for-all" or health reform plan in january, which would overhaul the current system in the country and would require the federal government to provide coverage to everyone in the country.
soon after the plan was unveiled, sanders praised the steps taken by the clinton campaign.
"today's proposal by hillary clinton is an important step toward expanding health insurance and health care access to millions of americans," sanders said.
in a conference call with reporters, sanders did not confirm reports that he will endorse clinton at an event in new hampshire on tuesday, the washington post reported. regarding the endorsement, he said he would have more to say in the very near future.
clinton's announcement comes after a proposal earlier this week for providing free tuition at public colleges and universities to families making up to $125,000 a year. sanders called the plan a "bold initiative."
her campaign confirmed details about her visit to portsmouth, new hampshire, where an "organizing event" is planned at portsmouth high school at 11 a.m. at the event, clinton will "discuss her commitment to building an america that is stronger together and an economy that works for everyone, not just those at the top," according to a statement. there was no mention that sanders would be at the event, but it is where he is expected to officially endorse clinton.
sanders and his allies moved to push a long list of policies on the platform of the democratic national committee at a meeting in orlando, florida, moving the party more to the left. their biggest push was to oppose the partnership in the democratic party platform, a fight that sanders and his allies lost. the amendment brought by the sanders campaign would have prevented the trade deal from ever coming to a vote in congress, bloomberg reported.
both clinton and sanders oppose tpp, but sanders has been more vocal, saying the deal hurts american workers.
image credit: gage skidmore via flickr creative commons | ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ənˈveɪld ə hɛlθ kɛr prəˈpoʊzəl ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ðət ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪts məʧ əv wət hər əˈpoʊnənt ˈbərni ˈsændərz həz pʊʃt fər, ɪn ə ˈsɛkənd muv ðɪs wik ðət ɪz əˈpɛrəntli eɪmd æt sɪˈkjʊrɪŋ ən ɛnˈdɔrsmənt frəm ˈsændərz. ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt, ðə priˈzəmptɪv ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌnɑməˈni fər ˈprɛzɪdənt əˈnaʊnst hər səˈpɔrt tɪ ɪkˈspænd ˈmɛdəˌkeɪd, ˈɔfər ə "public-option*" fər hɛlθ ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ənd ˈdəbəl ˈfəndɪŋ fər ˈpraɪˌmɛri kɛr ˈsərvɪsɪz æt kəmˈjunɪti hɛlθ ˈsɛnərz. ðə ˈsɛnərz, wɪʧ ˈlɑrʤli sərv kəmˈjunɪtiz ɪn ˈrʊrəl ˈɛriəz, hæv lɔŋ bɪn ə praɪˈɔrəti fər ðə ˈsɛnətər frəm vərˈmɑnt hu fɔt tɪ ˌɪnˈklud 11 ˈbɪljən ɪn ˈfəndɪŋ fər ðə ˈsɛnərz ɪn ðə əˈfɔrdəbəl kɛr ækt əv 2010 ˈklɪntən sɛd ʃi wʊd səˈpɔrt ˈpipəl 55 ər ˈoʊldər tɪ baɪ ˈɪntu ˈmɛdəˌkɛr waɪl prəˈtɛktɪŋ ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈmɛdəˌkɛr ˈproʊˌgræm. ˈklɪntən fərst keɪm aʊt ɪn səˈpɔrt əv ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈpipəl ðə ˈɔpʃən tɪ baɪ ˈɪntu ˈmɛdəˌkɛr ɪn meɪ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈkɑrənt ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈsaɪkəl ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ðə ˈifɛkt ðə ˈsændərz kæmˈpeɪn hæd ɔn ˈklɪntən tɪ teɪk mɔr prəˈgrɛsɪv ˈstænsɪz. hər kæmˈpeɪn ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ʃi həz səˈpɔrtɪd ðə "public-option*" hɛlθ ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns plæn bæk tɪ hər 2008 ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn ənd həz ˈɑptɪd fər ðoʊz bɪˈloʊ ðə rikˈwaɪərd eɪʤ tɪ baɪ ˈɪntu ˈmɛdəˌkɛr ɛz fɑr bæk ɛz 2001 wɪn ʃi wɑz ə ˈsɛnətər ɪn nu jɔrk. "wi hæv mɔr wərk tɪ du tɪ ˈfɪnɪʃ ɑr lɔŋ faɪt tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˌjunəˈvərsəl, kˈwɑləti, əˈfɔrdəbəl hɛlθ kɛr tɪ ˈɛvriˌwən ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə," ˈklɪntən sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt. "ɔˈrɛdi, ðə əˈfɔrdəbəl kɛr ækt həz ɪkˈspændɪd ˈkəvərɪʤ tɪ 20 ˈmɪljən əˈmɛrɪkənz. ɛz ˈprɛzɪdənt, aɪ wɪl meɪk ʃʊr rɪˈpəblɪkənz ˈnɛvər səkˈsid ɪn ðɛr əˈtɛmpts tɪ strɪp əˈweɪ ðɛr kɛr ənd ðət ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˌənɪnˈʃʊrd ʃʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪt ðə əˈfɔrdəbəl ˈkəvərɪʤ ðeɪ nid tɪ steɪ ˈhɛlθi." ˈsændərz rɪˈvild hɪz "medicare-for-all*" ər hɛlθ rɪˈfɔrm plæn ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, wɪʧ wʊd ˈoʊvərˌhɔl ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈsɪstəm ɪn ðə ˈkəntri ənd wʊd ˌrikˈwaɪər ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈkəvərɪʤ tɪ ˈɛvriˌwən ɪn ðə ˈkəntri. sun ˈæftər ðə plæn wɑz ənˈveɪld, ˈsændərz preɪzd ðə stɛps ˈteɪkən baɪ ðə ˈklɪntən kæmˈpeɪn. "ˈtudeɪz prəˈpoʊzəl baɪ ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt stɛp təˈwɔrd ɪkˈspændɪŋ hɛlθ ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ənd hɛlθ kɛr ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈmɪljənz əv əˈmɛrɪkənz," ˈsændərz sɛd. ɪn ə ˈkɑnfərəns kɔl wɪθ rɪˈpɔrtərz, ˈsændərz dɪd nɑt kənˈfərm rɪˈpɔrts ðət hi wɪl ɛnˈdɔrs ˈklɪntən æt ən ɪˈvɛnt ɪn nu ˈhæmʃər ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ, ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst ˌriˈpɔrtəd. rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ɛnˈdɔrsmənt, hi sɛd hi wʊd hæv mɔr tɪ seɪ ɪn ðə ˈvɛri nɪr fˈjuʧər. ˈklɪntənz əˈnaʊnsmɛnt kəmz ˈæftər ə prəˈpoʊzəl ˈərliər ðɪs wik fər prəˈvaɪdɪŋ fri tjuˈɪʃən æt ˈpəblɪk ˈkɑlɪʤɪz ənd ˌjunəˈvərsətiz tɪ ˈfæməliz ˈmeɪkɪŋ əp tɪ ə jɪr. ˈsændərz kɔld ðə plæn ə "boʊld ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪv." hər kæmˈpeɪn kənˈfərmd ˈditeɪlz əˈbaʊt hər ˈvɪzɪt tɪ ˈpɔrtsməθ, nu ˈhæmʃər, wɛr ən "ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzɪŋ ɪˈvɛnt" ɪz plænd æt ˈpɔrtsməθ haɪ skul æt 11 a.m*. æt ðə ɪˈvɛnt, ˈklɪntən wɪl "dɪˈskəs hər kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ˈbɪldɪŋ ən əˈmɛrɪkə ðət ɪz ˈstrɔŋgər təˈgɛðər ənd ən ɪˈkɑnəmi ðət wərks fər ˈɛvriˌwən, nɑt ʤɪst ðoʊz æt ðə tɔp," əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈsteɪtmənt. ðɛr wɑz noʊ ˈmɛnʃən ðət ˈsændərz wʊd bi æt ðə ɪˈvɛnt, bət ɪt ɪz wɛr hi ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ əˈfɪʃəli ɛnˈdɔrs ˈklɪntən. ˈsændərz ənd hɪz ˈælaɪz muvd tɪ pʊʃ ə lɔŋ lɪst əv ˈpɑləsiz ɔn ðə ˈplætˌfɔrm əv ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈnæʃənəl kəˈmɪti æt ə ˈmitɪŋ ɪn ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ, ˈflɔrɪdə, ˈmuvɪŋ ðə ˈpɑrti mɔr tɪ ðə lɛft. ðɛr ˈbɪgəst pʊʃ wɑz tɪ əˈpoʊz ðə ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp ɪn ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti ˈplætˌfɔrm, ə faɪt ðət ˈsændərz ənd hɪz ˈælaɪz lɔst. ðə əˈmɛndmənt brɔt baɪ ðə ˈsændərz kæmˈpeɪn wʊd hæv prɪˈvɛnɪd ðə treɪd dil frəm ˈɛvər ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ə voʊt ɪn ˈkɑŋgrəs, ˈblumbərg ˌriˈpɔrtəd. boʊθ ˈklɪntən ənd ˈsændərz əˈpoʊz tpp*, bət ˈsændərz həz bɪn mɔr ˈvoʊkəl, seɪɪŋ ðə dil hərts əˈmɛrɪkən ˈwərkərz. ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkrɛdɪt: geɪʤ ˈskɪdmɔr ˈviə ˈflɪkər kriˈeɪtɪv ˈkɑmənz |
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national library of india,
“the only thing that you absolutely have to know is the location of the library.” albert einstein
they have been called “raucous clubhouses for free speech”. they have been called “delivery rooms for the birth of ideas”. without them, societies have been warned, that they have “no past and no future”. with them, societies have been assured, there is no better protection against tyranny, xenophobia and ignorance.
with such widespread and deep intellectual backing across the world, india was no stranger to the great benefits of public libraries.
sayyaji rao iii, the maharaja of baroda, who the system in 1910, wanted his people to be “pupils in the university”. the kingdom of kolhapur, in what is now maharashtra, passed first public library act in 1945. since then, 19 indian latest being pradesh in passed laws enabling the establishment of libraries open to the public.
yet, india with its billion people and after seven decades of independence, does not know how many public libraries it has.
using a conservative estimate of libraries, based on calculations by roy library foundation (rrrlf), a trust which funds public libraries and comes under the aegis of the ministry of culture, there is only one library per people.
compare that with china with a 2013 population of billion and libraries i.e. one public library per roughly people. the united states with a population of 315 million and public libraries has one library for every people.
an effort to correct the anomaly was the launch of national mission on libraries (nml) in february 2014 by president mukherjee. acknowledging the critical role of apparently paraphrasing the maharaja of said: “a public library is often called the “people’s university” because it is available to all sections of the society regardless of age, gender, or skill levels.”
the government of india has allocated 400 for the national mission on libraries (nml) over the next three years, including the creation of a national virtual library, model libraries and staff training. (read our previous report on how the could the public library system here.)
but largest, states really care.
as the graph below indicates, large states such as, pradesh, and have not bothered to even apply for the money available. only 2% of the total+ libraries that received assistance were in pradesh, the most populous state in the country.
source:, census
the foundation helps states libraries, but no more than libraries are formally registered and, according to this report, the national average for funds used stood at 27%. delhi used all the funds available, followed by at 81%. many states hovered around the 40% mark, but states like, punjab, pradesh, and haryana did not use any of the funds available.
source:
not surprisingly, states without proper systems have low literacy rates. states with higher literacy rates consistently a bigger portion of state funds earmarked for library improvement programs as compared to states with lower literacy.
source:, census
when the system does work
there are some common traits among states that have a vibrant system, such as kerala, west bengal, maharashtra, gujarat to name a few.
one, they have fully functional websites, with details and membership forms, online catalogs, details of manuscripts and other essential information.
two, most of them have adopted the library legislation, which gives them benchmarks to monitor and improve on.
three, they regularly tap into resources to scale up infrastructure, buy more books, existing books and train staff. the table below gives you a snapshot of states that are serious about public libraries:
the national mission on libraries makes sense, but the basic problem remains: how will it help libraries if the–the implementing not know that they exist, apart from the officially registered?
a central online repository of all public libraries in the country might help.
there are many benefits to a vastly improved system across india, with suggestions to link them to, among others, literacy and community services.
as this paper said: “india is in a position to redefine what a public library means, especially with regard to the delivery of community information services and the preservation of local cultural traditions. these are exciting and important times, as a vast number of citizens can serve to benefit from improved public library need) to continue building this new vision, in) sustained and creative action. millions are waiting.”
(subadra is a freelance writer and licensed pilot who lives in new delhi. you can reach her at: bsubadra@gmail.com)
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(rɛd ɑr ˈpriviəs rɪˈpɔrt ɔn haʊ ðə kʊd ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˈsɪstəm hir.) bət ˈlɑrʤəst, steɪts ˈrɪli kɛr. ɛz ðə græf bɪˈloʊ ˈɪndɪˌkeɪts, lɑrʤ steɪts səʧ ɛz, prəˈdɛʃ, ənd hæv nɑt ˈbɑðərd tɪ ˈivɪn əˈplaɪ fər ðə ˈməni əˈveɪləbəl. ˈoʊnli 2 əv ðə ˈtoʊtəl ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz ðət rɪˈsivd əˈsɪstəns wər ɪn prəˈdɛʃ, ðə moʊst ˈpɑpjələs steɪt ɪn ðə ˈkəntri. sɔrs:, ˈsɛnsəs ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən hɛlps steɪts ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz, bət noʊ mɔr ðən ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz ər ˈfɔrməli ˈrɛʤɪstərd ənd, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt, ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈævərɪʤ fər fəndz juzd stʊd æt 27 ˈdɛli juzd ɔl ðə fəndz əˈveɪləbəl, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ æt 81 ˈmɛni steɪts ˈhəvərd əraʊnd ðə 40 mɑrk, bət steɪts laɪk, ˈpənˌʤæb, prəˈdɛʃ, ənd hɛˈrjɑnə dɪd nɑt juz ˈɛni əv ðə fəndz əˈveɪləbəl. sɔrs: nɑt səˈpraɪzɪŋli, steɪts wɪˈθaʊt ˈprɑpər ˈsɪstəmz hæv loʊ ˈlɪtərəsi reɪts. steɪts wɪθ haɪər ˈlɪtərəsi reɪts kənˈsɪstəntli ə ˈbɪgər ˈpɔrʃən əv steɪt fəndz ˈɪrˌmɑrkt fər ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˌɪmˈpruvmənt ˈproʊˌgræmz ɛz kəmˈpɛrd tɪ steɪts wɪθ loʊər ˈlɪtərəsi. sɔrs:, ˈsɛnsəs wɪn ðə ˈsɪstəm dɪz wərk ðɛr ər səm ˈkɑmən treɪts əˈməŋ steɪts ðət hæv ə ˈvaɪbrənt ˈsɪstəm, səʧ ɛz ˌkɛˈrɑlə, wɛst ˈbɛŋgəl, ˌmɑhərˈɑʃˌtrə, ˌgjuʤərˈæt tɪ neɪm ə fju. wən, ðeɪ hæv ˈfʊli ˈfəŋkʃənəl ˈwɛbˌsaɪts, wɪθ ˈditeɪlz ənd ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp fɔrmz, ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈkætəlɔgz, ˈditeɪlz əv ˈmænjəˌskrɪpts ənd ˈəðər ɛˈsɛnʃəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. tu, moʊst əv ðɛm hæv əˈdɑptəd ðə ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən, wɪʧ gɪvz ðɛm ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrks tɪ ˈmɑnətər ənd ˌɪmˈpruv ɔn. θri, ðeɪ ˈrɛgjələrli tæp ˈɪntu ˈrisɔrsɪz tɪ skeɪl əp ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər, baɪ mɔr bʊks, ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ bʊks ənd treɪn stæf. ðə ˈteɪbəl bɪˈloʊ gɪvz ju ə sˈnæpˌʃɑt əv steɪts ðət ər ˈsɪriəs əˈbaʊt ˈpəblɪk ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz: ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈmɪʃən ɔn ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz meɪks sɛns, bət ðə ˈbeɪsɪk ˈprɑbləm rɪˈmeɪnz: haʊ wɪl ɪt hɛlp ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz ɪf ðə ˈɪmpləˌmɛnɪŋ nɑt noʊ ðət ðeɪ ɪgˈzɪst, əˈpɑrt frəm ðə əˈfɪʃəli ˈrɛʤɪstərd? ə ˈsɛntrəl ˈɔnˌlaɪn riˈpɑzəˌtɔri əv ɔl ˈpəblɪk ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz ɪn ðə ˈkəntri maɪt hɛlp. ðɛr ər ˈmɛni ˈbɛnəfɪts tɪ ə ˈvæstli ˌɪmˈpruvd ˈsɪstəm əˈkrɔs ˈɪndiə, wɪθ səˈʤɛsʧənz tɪ lɪŋk ðɛm tɪ, əˈməŋ ˈəðərz, ˈlɪtərəsi ənd kəmˈjunɪti ˈsərvɪsɪz. ɛz ðɪs ˈpeɪpər sɛd: ɪz ɪn ə pəˈzɪʃən tɪ ridɪˈfaɪn wət ə ˈpəblɪk ˈlaɪbrɛˌri minz, əˈspɛʃəli wɪθ rɪˈgɑrd tɪ ðə dɪˈlɪvəri əv kəmˈjunɪti ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈsərvɪsɪz ənd ðə ˌprɛzərˈveɪʃən əv ˈloʊkəl ˈkəlʧərəl trəˈdɪʃənz. ðiz ər ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ ənd ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt taɪmz, ɛz ə væst ˈnəmbər əv ˈsɪtɪzənz kən sərv tɪ ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ˌɪmˈpruvd ˈpəblɪk ˈlaɪbrɛˌri nid) tɪ kənˈtɪnju ˈbɪldɪŋ ðɪs nu ˈvɪʒən, ɪn) səˈsteɪnd ənd kriˈeɪtɪv ˈækʃən. ˈmɪljənz ər waiting.”*.” ɪz ə ˈfriˌlæns ˈraɪtər ənd ˈlaɪsənst ˈpaɪlət hu lɪvz ɪn nu ˈdɛli. ju kən riʧ hər æt: bsubadra@gmail.com*) ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkrɛdɪt: ðɪs ˈstɔri? ɪz ə ˌnɑnˈprɔfɪt, ənd wi dɪˈpɛnd ɔn ˈridərz laɪk ju tɪ draɪv ɑr ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm ˈɛfərts. ˈdoʊˌneɪt 500 |
william j. broad
ny times
wednesday, june 3, 2009
the federal government mistakenly made public a report, its pages marked “highly confidential,” that gives detailed information about hundreds of the civilian nuclear sites and programs, including maps showing the precise locations of stockpiles of fuel for nuclear weapons.
the publication of the document was revealed monday in an online newsletter devoted to issues of federal secrecy. that set off a debate among nuclear experts about what dangers, if any, the disclosures posed. it also prompted a flurry of investigations in washington into why the document had been made public.
on tuesday evening, after inquiries from the new york times, the document was withdrawn from a government printing office web site.
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several nuclear experts argued that any dangers from the disclosure were minimal, given that the general outlines of the most sensitive information were already known publicly.
“these happen,” said john m. deutch, a former director of central intelligence and deputy secretary of defense who is now a professor at the massachusetts institute of technology. “it’s going further than i would have gone but look like a serious breach.”
full article here | ˈwɪljəm ʤeɪ. brɔd taɪmz ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ʤun 3 2009 ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt mɪˈsteɪkənli meɪd ˈpəblɪk ə rɪˈpɔrt, ɪts ˈpeɪʤɪz mɑrkt confidential,”*,” ðət gɪvz dɪˈteɪld ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ˈhənərdz əv ðə səˈvɪljən ˈnukliər saɪts ənd ˈproʊˌgræmz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ mæps ʃoʊɪŋ ðə prɪˈsaɪs loʊˈkeɪʃənz əv ˈstɑkˌpaɪlz əv fjuəl fər ˈnukliər ˈwɛpənz. ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt wɑz rɪˈvild ˈmənˌdeɪ ɪn ən ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈnuzˌlɛtər dɪˈvoʊtɪd tɪ ˈɪʃuz əv ˈfɛdərəl ˈsikrəsi. ðət sɛt ɔf ə dəˈbeɪt əˈməŋ ˈnukliər ˈɛkspərts əˈbaʊt wət ˈdeɪnʤərz, ɪf ˈɛni, ðə dɪˈskloʊʒərz poʊzd. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ˈprɑmptɪd ə ˈfləri əv ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈɪntu waɪ ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt hæd bɪn meɪd ˈpəblɪk. ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˈivnɪŋ, ˈæftər ˌɪnkˈwaɪəriz frəm ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz, ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt wɑz wɪθˈdrɔn frəm ə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈprɪnɪŋ ˈɔfəs wɛb saɪt. (ˈɑrtɪkəl kənˈtɪnjuz bɪˈloʊ) ˈsɛvərəl ˈnukliər ˈɛkspərts ˈɑrgjud ðət ˈɛni ˈdeɪnʤərz frəm ðə dɪˈskloʊʒər wər ˈmɪnəməl, ˈgɪvɪn ðət ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈaʊˌtlaɪnz əv ðə moʊst ˈsɛnsɪtɪv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wər ɔˈrɛdi noʊn ˈpəblɪkli. happen,”*,” sɛd ʤɑn ɛm. dɔɪʧ, ə ˈfɔrmər dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈsɛntrəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ənd ˈdɛpjəti ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv dɪˈfɛns hu ɪz naʊ ə prəˈfɛsər æt ðə ˌmæsəˈʧusəts ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv tɛkˈnɑləʤi. goʊɪŋ ˈfərðər ðən aɪ wʊd hæv gɔn bət lʊk laɪk ə ˈsɪriəs breach.”*.” fʊl ˈɑrtɪkəl hir |
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windmeijer , frank . 2005 . a finite sample correction for the variance of linear efficient estimators . journal of econometrics 126 ( 1 ): 25 51 . | ˈɑmənd ˈpitər 1994 wi keɪm tɪ kip pis, nɑt tɪ faɪt ə wɔr, sɪz roʊz ˈdeɪli ˈtɛləˌgræf 19 ɑrɛˈlɑnoʊ mɑnˈwɛl bɑnd ˈstivən 1991 səm tɛsts əv ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən fər ˈpænəl ˈdætə: ˈmɑnti ˈkɑrloʊ ˈɛvədəns ənd ən ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən tɪ ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ɪkˈweɪʒənz ˌrivˈju əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈstədiz 58 2 277 297 ɑrɛˈlɑnoʊ mɑnˈwɛl oʊˈlɪmpiə 1995 əˈnəðər lʊk æt ðə ˌɪnstrəˈmɛnəl ˈvɛriəbəlz ˌɛstəˈmeɪʃən əv ˈmɑdəlz ˈʤərnəl əv ɪˌkɑnəˈmɛtrɪks 68 29 51 2010 ðə ˈtrəbəl wɪθ ðə ˈkɑŋgoʊ: ˈloʊkəl ˈvaɪələns ənd ðə ˈfeɪljər əv ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl nu jɔrk ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs bɛk nəˈθænjəl kæts ˈʤɑnəθən 1995 wət tɪ du (ənd nɑt tɪ du) wɪθ ˈdætə əˈmɛrɪkən pəˈlɪtɪkəl saɪəns ˌrivˈju 89 3 634 647 bɛk nəˈθænjəl kæts ˈʤɑnəθən 1996 ˈnusəns ˈvərsəz. ˈsəbstəns: ˈspɛsəˌfaɪɪŋ ənd ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪŋ ˈmɑdəlz pəˈlɪtɪkəl æˈnælɪsɪs 6 1 1 36 ˈbɪrmən ˈwʊlfˌgæŋ 1996 ðə ˈəproʊˌfɔr ˈmɪʃən ɪn ˈfɔrmər ˌjugoʊsˈlɑviə: fərst rɪˈzəlts frəm ə ˈsərˌveɪ əˈməŋ ˈjuˈɛn ˈɔfɪsərz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ˈkoʊpənˌhɑgən ˈbɪrmən ˈwʊlfˌgæŋ ˈmɑrtɪn eds*. 1998 ˈjuˈɛn ˈpiˌskipɪŋ ɪn ˈtrəbəl: ˈlɛsənz ˈlərnɪd frəm ðə ˈfɔrmər ˌjugoʊsˈlɑviə ˈbɑzniən ˈnæʃənəl ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv stəˈtɪstɪks (bnis*) 1992 aɪ 1992 [stəˈtɪstɪkəl ˈjɪrˌbʊk əv 1992 ˌsɑrəˈjeɪvoʊ ʤæn 2006 ˈloʊkəl dɪˈtərmənənts əv ˈæfrɪkɑn ˈsɪvəl wɔrz, pəˈlɪtɪkəl ʤiˈɑgrəfi 25 3 315 335 bərg ˈstivən ʃup pɔl 1999 ðə wɔr ɪn: ˈɛθnɪk ˈkɑnflɪkt ənd ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən ˈləndən m.e*. ʃɑrp 2009 ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən tɪ ˈspɛʃəl ˈɪʃu ɔn ˈsɪvəl wɔr ˈʤərnəl əv ˈkɑnflɪkt ˌrɛzəˈluʃən 53 4 487 495 ˌʒɪˈrɑrdɛn luk 2009 traɪædz. əˈsɛsɪŋ ðə ˈɪnfluəns əv kɪn grups ɔn ˈsɪvəl wɔrz wərld ˈpɑləˌtɪks 61 3 403 437 ˈstɛfənoʊ ˈmɔˌroʊ frænˈʧɛskoʊ niccolò*ò 2012 ɛθˈnɪsɪti ənd ˈstrætəʤi ɪn ðə ˈbɑzniən ˈsɪvəl wɔr: ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃənz fər ðə sɪˈvɛrɪti əv ˈvaɪələns ɪn ˈbɑzniən mˌjunɪsəˈpælɪtiz ˈʤərnəl əv pis ˈrisərʧ 49 6 801 815 ˈaɪˌvoʊ 2000 ˈgɪtɪŋ tɪ ˈdeɪtən: ðə ˈmeɪkɪŋ əv əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈbɑzniə ˈpɑləsi ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, ˌdiˈsi ˈbrʊkɪŋz ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃən prɛs də ˈʧæntəl 1996 ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz ənd ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈkɑnflɪkt pp*. 489 536 ɪn ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl dɪˈmɛnʃənz əv ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈkɑnflɪkt ˈɛdɪtɪd baɪ ˈmaɪkəl braʊn. ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ, mæs. ˈɛˈmaɪˈti prɛs dil pɔl 1993 ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈpiˌskipɪŋ ˈbɔltəˌmɔr ðə ʤɑnz ˈhɑpkɪnz ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs hɑn ˈrɔli 2009 ˈpiˌskipɪŋ ənd ðə kɔrs əv ˈsɪvəl wɔr: ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ pkoled*. ˈpeɪpər pərˈzɛnəd æt ðə ˈwərkˌʃɑp ɔn ˈloʊkəˌlaɪzd ˈifɛkts ənd ˌɪmˈpækts əv ˈpiˌskipɪŋ ɔn ˈsɪvəl wɔr, ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈɛsɪks. dɔɪl ˈmaɪkəl ˈnɪkələs 2000 ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈpiˌskipɪŋ: ə ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ənd kˈwɑntɪˌteɪtɪv æˈnælɪsɪs əˈmɛrɪkən pəˈlɪtɪkəl saɪəns ˌrivˈju 94 4 779 801 dɔɪl ˈmaɪkəl ˈnɪkɔləs 2006 ˈmeɪkɪŋ wɔr ənd ˈbɪldɪŋ pis: juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz pis ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ˈprɪnstən ˈprɪnstən ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs ˈfɪrən ʤeɪmz ˈdeɪvɪd 2003 ɛθˈnɪsɪti, ˌɪnˈsərʤənsi, ənd ˈsɪvəl wɔr əˈmɛrɪkən pəˈlɪtɪkəl saɪəns ˌrivˈju 97 1 75 90 ˈfɔrtnə vərˈʤɪnjə peɪʤ 2004 ˌɪntərˈsteɪt ˈpiˌskipɪŋ: ˈkɔzəl ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəmz ənd ˌɛmˈpɪrɪkəl ˈifɛkts wərld ˈpɑləˌtɪks 56 4 481 519 ˈfɔrtnə vərˈʤɪnjə peɪʤ 2008 dɪz ˈpiˌskipɪŋ wərk? ˈʃeɪpɪŋ belligerents’*’ ʧɔɪs ˈæftər ˈsɪvəl wɔr ˈprɪnstən ˈprɪnstən ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs ˈfɔrtnə vərˈʤɪnjə peɪʤ haʊərd laɪz morjé*é 2008 ˈpɪtˌfɔlz ənd ˈprɑspɛkts ɪn ðə ˈpiˌskipɪŋ ˈlɪtərəʧər ˈænjuəl ˌrivˈju əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl saɪəns 11 283 301 ˈgɪləgən ˈmaɪkəl ˈərnɪst 2008 du ˈjuˈɛn ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃənz kɔz pis? ˈjuzɪŋ ˈmæʧɪŋ tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ˈkɔzəl ˈɪnfərəns kˈwɔrtərli ˈʤərnəl əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl saɪəns 3 1 89 122 ˈgɪləgən ˈmaɪkəl ˈstɛdmən ˈstivən 2003 wɛr du ˈpiˌskipərz goʊ? ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈstədiz ˌrivˈju 5 4 37 54 2007 trænsˈnæʃənəl dɪˈmɛnʃənz əv ˈsɪvəl wɔr ˈʤərnəl əv pis ˈrisərʧ 44 3 293 309 grig ˈmaɪkəl dil pɔl 2005 ðə dɪˈlɛmə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈstədiz kˈwɔrtərli 49 4 621 645 ˈhɛkmən ʤeɪmz 1979 ˈsæmpəl səˈlɛkʃən baɪəs ɛz ə ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən ˈɛrər 47 1 153 161 ˈhævərd ˈrɔli 2009 ˈpɑvərti ənd ˈsɪvəl wɔr ɪˈvɛnts. ə ˈstədi əv ˌlaɪˈbɪˌriə ˈʤərnəl əv ˈkɑnflɪkt ˌrɛzəˈluʃən 53 4 598 623 hoʊ ˈdænjəl ˌɪˈmaɪ kɪŋ ˈgɛri stɔrt ɪˈlɪzəbɪθ 2007 ˈmæʧɪŋ ɛz fər rɪˈdusɪŋ ˈmɑdəl dɪˈpɛndəns ɪn ˌpɛrəˈmɛtrɪk ˈkɔzəl ˈɪnfərəns pəˈlɪtɪkəl æˈnælɪsɪs 15 3 199 236 ˈhɔroʊɪts ˈdɑnəld 1985 ˈɛθnɪk grups ɪn ˈkɑnflɪkt ˈbərkli ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə prɛs haʊərd laɪz morjé*é 2008 ˈjuˈɛn ˈpiˌskipɪŋ ɪn ˈsɪvəl wɔrz jɔrk ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs ˈstɛfənoʊ kɪŋ ˈgɛri ˈpɔroʊ ʤɪˈsɛpi 2011 ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈmɛθədz ðət ər ɪmˈbæləns ˈbaʊndɪŋ ˈʤərnəl əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən stəˈtɪstɪkəl əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən 106 493 345 361 ˈstɛfənoʊ kɪŋ ˈgɛri ˈpɔroʊ ʤɪˈsɛpi 2012 ˈkɔzəl ˈɪnfərəns wɪˈθaʊt ɪmˈbæləns ˈʧɛkɪŋ: ɪgˈzækt ˈmæʧɪŋ pəˈlɪtɪkəl æˈnælɪsɪs 20 1 1 24 ˈstæθɪs 2006 ðə ˈlɑʤɪk əv ˈvaɪələns ɪn ˈsɪvəl wɔr jɔrk ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs ˈstæθɪs 2010 ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈsɪstəm ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤiz əv rɪˈbɛljən: haʊ ðə ɛnd əv ðə koʊld wɔr ʃeɪpt ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈkɑnflɪkt əˈmɛrɪkən pəˈlɪtɪkəl saɪəns ˌrivˈju 104 3 415 490 kɪŋ ˈgɛri zɛŋ 2007 wɪn kən ˈhɪstəri bi ɑr gaɪd? ðə ˈpɪtˌfɔlz əv ˈɪnfərəns ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈstədiz kˈwɔrtərli 51 1 183 210 ˈlətwɑk ˈɛdwərd ɛn 1999 gɪv wɔr ə ʧæns ˈfɔrən əˈfɛrz 78 4 36 44 mɑrk 2005 ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪŋ tɪ kip pis: ən æˈnælɪsɪs əv ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈɪnˌfluənsɪz ɔn ðə ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt əv ˈpiˌskipɪŋ ˈmɪʃənz ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈstədiz kˈwɔrtərli 49 4 529 555 ˈpoʊzən ˈbɛri 1993 ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti dɪˈlɛmə ənd ˈɛθnɪk ˈkɑnflɪkt sərˈvaɪvəl 35 5 27 57 ˈrisərʧ ənd ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən ˈsɛntər ˌsɑrəˈjeɪvoʊ 2008 ˈjumən ˈlɔsɪz ɪn ˈbɑzniə ənd ˌhɛrtsəgoʊˈvinə ˌsɑrəˈjeɪvoʊ ˈmɑrtə 2002 ɛθˈnɪsɪti, pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsɪstəmz ənd ˈsɪvəl wɔrz ˈʤərnəl əv ˈkɑnflɪkt ˌrɛzəˈluʃən 46 1 29 54 ˈdeɪvɪd 1996 sˈlɔtərˌhaʊs: ˈbɑzniə ənd ðə ˈfeɪljər əv ðə wɛst nu jɔrk ˈsaɪmən ənd ˈʃustər ruˈʤɛri ˌɑnˈdreɪə hɑn 2012 ˈmænəʤɪŋ mɪˈstrəst: ən æˈnælɪsɪs əv kˌwɔpərˈeɪʃən wɪθ ˈjuˈɛn ˈpiˌskipɪŋ ɪn ˈæfrɪkɑ ˈʤərnəl əv ˈkɑnflɪkt ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ˈfɔrθˈkəmɪŋ. ˈɑnˌdreɪ 2006 ˈjuˈɛn ˈpiˌskipɪŋ: mɪθ ənd ˌriˈæləˌti ˈwɛstˌpɔrt, kɑn. sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl smɪθ ˈrupərt 2005 ðə juˈtɪləti əv fɔrs: ðə ɑrt əv wɔr ɪn ðə ˈmɑdərn wərld ˈləndən ˈælən leɪn 1995 ʃʊd ˈjuˈɛn ˈpiˌskipɪŋ goʊ bæk tɪ ðə ˈbeɪsɪks? sərˈvaɪvəl 37 4 52 64 ˈtɪli ˈʧɑrəlz 1978 frəm ˌmoʊbəlɪˈzeɪʃən tɪ ˌrɛvəˈluʃən ˈrɛdɪŋ, mæs. juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈʤɛnərəl əˈkaʊnɪŋ ˈɔfəs 1994 ˌjuˌmænəˈtɛriən ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən: ˈifɛktɪvnəs əv ˈjuˈɛn ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ɪn ˈbɑzniə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, ˌdiˈsi ˈwɛstərn ʤɑn 2002 ˈsɔrsəz əv ˌjuˌmænəˈtɛriən ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən: bɪˈlifs, ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ənd ˈædvəkəsi ɪn ðə juz. dɪˈsɪʒənz ɔn səˈmɑljə ənd ˈbɑzniə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl sɪˈkjʊrəti 26 4 112 142 fræŋk 2005 ə ˈfaɪˌnaɪt ˈsæmpəl kərˈɛkʃən fər ðə ˈvɛriəns əv ˈlɪniər ɪˈfɪʃənt ˈɛstɪˌmeɪtərz ˈʤərnəl əv ɪˌkɑnəˈmɛtrɪks 126 1 25 51 |
the gates of hell are various places on the surface of the world that have acquired a legendary reputation for being entrances to the underworld . often they are found in regions of unusual geological activity, particularly volcanic areas, or sometimes at lakes, caves or mountains.
this article is about supposed portals to the underworld from the surface of the earth. for other uses, see gates of hell (disambiguation)
legends from both ancient greece and rome record stories of mortals who entered or were abducted into the netherworld through such gates. aeneas visited the underworld, entering through a cave at the edge of lake on the bay of] hercules entered the underworld from this same spot.
in the middle of the roman forum is another entrance, curtius, where according to legend, a roman soldier, named curtius, bravely rode his horse into the entrance in a successful effort to close it, although both he and his horse perished in the]
lerna lake was one of the entrances to the]
odysseus visited the underworld, entering through river in northwest]
orpheus traveled to the greek underworld in search of by entering a cave at or cape on the southern tip of the]
pluto's gate, in greek, plutonium in latin, in turkey unearthed by italian archaeologists is said to be the entry gate to the underworld; it is linked to the greco-roman mythology and]
rivers cocytus, lethe, and styx were also entrances to the]
the god hades kidnapped the goddess from a field in sicily and led her to the underworld through a cleft in the earth so he could marry] | ðə geɪts əv hɛl ər ˈvɛriəs ˈpleɪsɪz ɔn ðə ˈsərfəs əv ðə wərld ðət hæv əkˈwaɪərd ə ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən fər biɪŋ ˈɛntrənsəz tɪ ðə ˈəndərˌwərld ˈɔfən ðeɪ ər faʊnd ɪn ˈriʤənz əv ənˈjuˌʒuəl ˌʤiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli vɑlˈkænɪk ˈɛriəz, ər ˈsəmˌtaɪmz æt leɪks, keɪvz ər ˈmaʊntənz. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪz əˈbaʊt səˈpoʊzd ˈpɔrtəlz tɪ ðə ˈəndərˌwərld frəm ðə ˈsərfəs əv ðə ərθ. fər ˈəðər ˈjuzɪz, si geɪts əv hɛl (disambiguation*) ˈlɛʤəndz frəm boʊθ ˈeɪnʧənt gris ənd roʊm ˈrɛkərd ˈstɔriz əv ˈmɔrtəlz hu ˈɛnərd ər wər əbˈdəktɪd ˈɪntu ðə ˈnɛðərˌwərld θru səʧ geɪts. ˈæniəs ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə ˈəndərˌwərld, ˈɛnərɪŋ θru ə keɪv æt ðə ɛʤ əv leɪk ɔn ðə beɪ əv ˈhərkjəˌliz ˈɛnərd ðə ˈəndərˌwərld frəm ðɪs seɪm spɑt. ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðə ˈroʊmən ˈfɔrəm ɪz əˈnəðər ˈɛntrəns, curtius*, wɛr əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈlɛʤənd, ə ˈroʊmən ˈsoʊlʤər, neɪmd curtius*, ˈbreɪvli roʊd hɪz hɔrs ˈɪntu ðə ˈɛntrəns ɪn ə səkˈsɛsfəl ˈɛfərt tɪ kloʊz ɪt, ˌɔlˈðoʊ boʊθ hi ənd hɪz hɔrs ˈpɛrɪʃt ɪn ðə leɪk wɑz wən əv ðə ˈɛntrənsəz tɪ ðə oʊˈdɪsiəs ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə ˈəndərˌwərld, ˈɛnərɪŋ θru ˈrɪvər ɪn ˌnɔrθˈwɛst ˈɔrfiəs ˈtrævəld tɪ ðə grik ˈəndərˌwərld ɪn sərʧ əv baɪ ˈɛnərɪŋ ə keɪv æt ər keɪp ɔn ðə ˈsəðərn tɪp əv ðə ˈplutoʊz geɪt, ɪn grik, pluˈtoʊniəm ɪn ˈlætən, ɪn ˈtərki əˈnərθt baɪ ˌɪˈtæljən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts ɪz sɛd tɪ bi ðə ˈɛntri geɪt tɪ ðə ˈəndərˌwərld; ɪt ɪz lɪŋkt tɪ ðə ˌgrɛkoʊˈroʊmən məˈθɑləˌʤi ənd ˈrɪvərz cocytus*, lethe*, ənd stɪks wər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛntrənsəz tɪ ðə ðə gɑd ˈheɪdiz ˈkɪdˌnæpt ðə ˈgɑdəs frəm ə fild ɪn ˈsɪsəli ənd lɛd hər tɪ ðə ˈəndərˌwərld θru ə klɛft ɪn ðə ərθ soʊ hi kʊd ˈmɛri |
on this page you will learn about barclays premier league tips. you'll learn about odds, bookmaker, best tipster, ranking and fixtures.
premier league tips & fixtures
planning your future betting can prove beneficial to making consistent profits. take a look at the next set of premier league fixtures. take advantage of the free betting data and statistics too!
next premier league fixtures
best premier league
the premier league is renowned for being a tough league to bet on successfully. this is shown by the number of different title winners in recent years. there are so-called 'surprise' results week in week out. the strength of the division shouldn't be underestimated.
there can be much value in betting on the sides who are considered 'lesser' teams. this is the case especially when these sides are playing at home. this is where our can point you in the right direction. you'll find thousands of betting tips here with us throughout the season.
as well as the standard match result tips, our predictions can be based on a range of markets. anytime, both teams to score and asian handicap markets are amongst those covered. whatever the tip, remember that each prediction found on our site is completely free!
we rank all of our in order of success. this means you can find premier league predictions from only the best of our. see those who can boast excellent yield percentages and profits.
take a look at our most successful premier league from the last two seasons below. see if they can help you make consistent profits too!
premier league tips & odds
formed in 1992, the premier league has become the most popular football league in world football. it generates more than a staggering billion per year in domestic and international television rights.
the league is broadcast in 212 different countries. there is a potential audience of approximately billion people. this makes it the most watched league in the world by some distance.
since its inception in 1992, only six clubs have lifted the coveted premier league trophy. manchester united have won it on 13 occasions, all under the guidance of sir alex ferguson. chelsea have won it on five occasions. london rivals arsenal have won the title on three occasions, their last coming in the season. manchester city have also won it three times. unlikely champions blackburn and leicester city have one premier league title each to their names, blackburn back in 1995 with leicester city winning it in 2016.
so, how does the premier league work? 20 teams face each other twice per season, once at home and once away. the team that finishes with the most points will win the title. they also qualify for the group stages of the champions league. second and third places will also qualify for the group stage. fourth place earns a spot in the qualification rounds.
the three sides that finish in the bottom three places suffer automatic to england's second tier, the championship. these sides are replaced in the top flight by the top two sides in the championship, along with the winners.
the current premier league champions are manchester city. they broke the mould by earning 100 points.
last ten premier league winners
last 10 barclays premier league winners season club manchester city mohamed salah (32) chelsea harry kane (29) leicester city harry kane (25) chelsea sergio aguero (26) manchester city luis suarez (31) manchester united robin van (26) manchester city robin van (30) manchester united (20) chelsea didier (29) manchester united nicolas (19)
premier league tipster competition
bettingexpert is the world's fastest growing betting community. you'll always find current betting tips today for all fixtures. no matter what bets you're looking for, our expert community of every premier league match. they pay close attention to every detail before posting their premier league predictions. follow our best premier league! you'll have a great chance of making a profit with your premier league betting this season. here are some of the benefits that you can take advantage of as a tipster:
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last season saw plenty of profit and knowledge shared amongst a fiercely competitive season of premier league tips. thousands of tips were written by our committed community. as you can see in the top 10 table from last season below, there's an abundance of knowledge right at your fingertips.
if you want to become a tipster yourself, here is what you should do:
sign up and create an account on post your premier league tips check our in order to compare yourself with other aim for the top and win cash prizes!
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monthly tipster competition (top 40) position prize sponsored by 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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enhanced premier league odds
due to the high popularity of the premier league, it is common to find enhanced odds offered by the best bookmakers. make sure you are updated about the most recent offers. get the most value out of your betting!
check out current enhanced odds offers
where to bet on premier league
the premier league is one of the most exciting leagues to bet on. there are hundreds of opportunities and markets every game. many of the top bookmakers also offer thrilling live opportunities. these will transport you straight to the thick of the action pitchside. they may also be welcome bonus offers when you first sign-up.
bettingexpert have some of the best deals in the industry with all of the world's leading online bookmakers. you may be looking to back manchester city or the team of your choice. make sure you take advantage of all the information we have provided you. we believe it will enhance your premier league betting performance.
other betting tips from england
check more expert betting tips from england | ɔn ðɪs peɪʤ ju wɪl lərn əˈbaʊt ˈbɑrkliz prɛˈmɪr lig tɪps. jul lərn əˈbaʊt ɑdz, ˈbʊkmeɪkər, bɛst ˈtɪpstər, ˈræŋkɪŋ ənd ˈfɪksʧərz. prɛˈmɪr lig tɪps ˈfɪksʧərz ˈplænɪŋ jʊr fˈjuʧər ˈbɛtɪŋ kən pruv ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl tɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ kənˈsɪstənt ˈprɑfɪts. teɪk ə lʊk æt ðə nɛkst sɛt əv prɛˈmɪr lig ˈfɪksʧərz. teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ðə fri ˈbɛtɪŋ ˈdætə ənd stəˈtɪstɪks tu! nɛkst prɛˈmɪr lig ˈfɪksʧərz bɛst prɛˈmɪr lig ðə prɛˈmɪr lig ɪz rɪˈnaʊnd fər biɪŋ ə təf lig tɪ bɛt ɔn səkˈsɛsfəli. ðɪs ɪz ʃoʊn baɪ ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈdɪfərənt ˈtaɪtəl ˈwɪnərz ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz. ðɛr ər ˈsoʊˈkɔld 'səˈpraɪz' rɪˈzəlts wik ɪn wik aʊt. ðə strɛŋθ əv ðə dɪˈvɪʒən ˈʃʊdənt bi ˈəndərˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd. ðɛr kən bi məʧ ˈvælju ɪn ˈbɛtɪŋ ɔn ðə saɪdz hu ər kənˈsɪdərd 'ˈlɛsər' timz. ðɪs ɪz ðə keɪs əˈspɛʃəli wɪn ðiz saɪdz ər pleɪɪŋ æt hoʊm. ðɪs ɪz wɛr ɑr kən pɔɪnt ju ɪn ðə raɪt dɪˈrɛkʃɪn. jul faɪnd ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈbɛtɪŋ tɪps hir wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs θruaʊt ðə ˈsizən. ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈstændərd mæʧ rɪˈzəlt tɪps, ɑr priˈdɪkʃənz kən bi beɪst ɔn ə reɪnʤ əv ˈmɑrkɪts. ˈɛniˌtaɪm, boʊθ timz tɪ skɔr ənd ˈeɪʒən ˈhændiˌkæp ˈmɑrkɪts ər əˈməŋst ðoʊz ˈkəvərd. ˌwəˈtɛvər ðə tɪp, rɪˈmɛmbər ðət iʧ priˈdɪkʃən faʊnd ɔn ɑr saɪt ɪz kəmˈplitli fri! wi ræŋk ɔl əv ɑr ɪn ˈɔrdər əv səkˈsɛs. ðɪs minz ju kən faɪnd prɛˈmɪr lig priˈdɪkʃənz frəm ˈoʊnli ðə bɛst əv ɑr. si ðoʊz hu kən boʊst ˈɛksələnt jild pərˈsɛnɪʤɪz ənd ˈprɑfɪts. teɪk ə lʊk æt ɑr moʊst səkˈsɛsfəl prɛˈmɪr lig frəm ðə læst tu ˈsizənz bɪˈloʊ. si ɪf ðeɪ kən hɛlp ju meɪk kənˈsɪstənt ˈprɑfɪts tu! prɛˈmɪr lig tɪps ɑdz fɔrmd ɪn 1992 ðə prɛˈmɪr lig həz bɪˈkəm ðə moʊst ˈpɑpjələr ˈfʊtˌbɔl lig ɪn wərld ˈfʊtˌbɔl. ɪt ˈʤɛnərˌeɪts mɔr ðən ə ˈstægərˌɪŋ ˈbɪljən pər jɪr ɪn dəˈmɛstɪk ənd ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən raɪts. ðə lig ɪz ˈbrɔdˌkæst ɪn 212 ˈdɪfərənt ˈkəntriz. ðɛr ɪz ə pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈɔdiəns əv əˈprɑksəmətli ˈbɪljən ˈpipəl. ðɪs meɪks ɪt ðə moʊst wɔʧt lig ɪn ðə wərld baɪ səm ˈdɪstəns. sɪns ɪts ˌɪnˈsɛpʃən ɪn 1992 ˈoʊnli sɪks kləbz hæv ˈlɪftɪd ðə ˈkəvətɪd prɛˈmɪr lig ˈtroʊfi. ˈmænˌʧɛstər juˈnaɪtɪd hæv wən ɪt ɔn 13 ɔˈkeɪʒənz, ɔl ˈəndər ðə ˈgaɪdəns əv sər ˈæləks ˈfərgəsən. ˈʧɛlsi hæv wən ɪt ɔn faɪv ɔˈkeɪʒənz. ˈləndən ˈraɪvəlz ˈɑrsənəl hæv wən ðə ˈtaɪtəl ɔn θri ɔˈkeɪʒənz, ðɛr læst ˈkəmɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsizən. ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti hæv ˈɔlsoʊ wən ɪt θri taɪmz. ənˈlaɪkli ˈʧæmpiənz ˈblækbərn ənd ˈlɛstər ˈsɪti hæv wən prɛˈmɪr lig ˈtaɪtəl iʧ tɪ ðɛr neɪmz, ˈblækbərn bæk ɪn 1995 wɪθ ˈlɛstər ˈsɪti ˈwɪnɪŋ ɪt ɪn 2016 soʊ, haʊ dɪz ðə prɛˈmɪr lig wərk? 20 timz feɪs iʧ ˈəðər twaɪs pər ˈsizən, wəns æt hoʊm ənd wəns əˈweɪ. ðə tim ðət ˈfɪnɪʃɪz wɪθ ðə moʊst pɔɪnts wɪl wɪn ðə ˈtaɪtəl. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ kˈwɑləˌfaɪ fər ðə grup ˈsteɪʤɪz əv ðə ˈʧæmpiənz lig. ˈsɛkənd ənd θərd ˈpleɪsɪz wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ kˈwɑləˌfaɪ fər ðə grup steɪʤ. fɔrθ pleɪs ərnz ə spɑt ɪn ðə kˌwɑləfəˈkeɪʃən raʊnz. ðə θri saɪdz ðət ˈfɪnɪʃ ɪn ðə ˈbɑtəm θri ˈpleɪsɪz ˈsəfər ˌɔtəˈmætɪk tɪ ˈɪŋgləndz ˈsɛkənd tir, ðə ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp. ðiz saɪdz ər ˌriˈpleɪst ɪn ðə tɔp flaɪt baɪ ðə tɔp tu saɪdz ɪn ðə ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə ˈwɪnərz. ðə ˈkɑrənt prɛˈmɪr lig ˈʧæmpiənz ər ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti. ðeɪ broʊk ðə moʊld baɪ ˈərnɪŋ 100 pɔɪnts. læst tɛn prɛˈmɪr lig ˈwɪnərz læst 10 ˈbɑrkliz prɛˈmɪr lig ˈwɪnərz ˈsizən kləb ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti moʊˈhɑmɛd ˈsælə 32 ˈʧɛlsi ˈhɛri keɪn 29 ˈlɛstər ˈsɪti ˈhɛri keɪn 25 ˈʧɛlsi ˈsərˌʤjoʊ ɑˈgɛroʊ 26 ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti luis swɑˈrɛz 31 ˈmænˌʧɛstər juˈnaɪtɪd ˈrɑbɪn væn 26 ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti ˈrɑbɪn væn 30 ˈmænˌʧɛstər juˈnaɪtɪd 20 ˈʧɛlsi ˈdɪdiər 29 ˈmænˌʧɛstər juˈnaɪtɪd ˈnɪkɔləs 19 prɛˈmɪr lig ˈtɪpstər ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ɪz ðə wərldz ˈfæstəst groʊɪŋ ˈbɛtɪŋ kəmˈjunɪti. jul ˈɔlˌweɪz faɪnd ˈkɑrənt ˈbɛtɪŋ tɪps təˈdeɪ fər ɔl ˈfɪksʧərz. noʊ ˈmætər wət bɛts jʊr ˈlʊkɪŋ fər, ɑr ˈɛkspərt kəmˈjunɪti əv ˈɛvəri prɛˈmɪr lig mæʧ. ðeɪ peɪ kloʊz əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ˈɛvəri ˈditeɪl ˌbiˈfɔr ˈpoʊstɪŋ ðɛr prɛˈmɪr lig priˈdɪkʃənz. ˈfɑloʊ ɑr bɛst prɛˈmɪr lig! jul hæv ə greɪt ʧæns əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈprɑfɪt wɪθ jʊr prɛˈmɪr lig ˈbɛtɪŋ ðɪs ˈsizən. hir ər səm əv ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts ðət ju kən teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ɛz ə ˈtɪpstər: gɪt fri ənd ril taɪm ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃənz wɪθ tɪps frəm ɑr bɛst ˈɛkspərt gɪt ˈwikli fri bɛts juz ðə stæts wi prəˈvaɪd ju ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv jʊr ˈbɛtɪŋ poʊst prɛˈmɪr lig tɪps fər fri ənd gɪt ðə ʧæns tɪ wɪn kæʃ ˈpraɪzɪz bɪˈkəm pɑrt əv wən əv ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈbɛtɪŋ kəmˈjunɪtiz ɪn ðə wərld! du ju hæv ðə ˈnɑlɪʤ fər ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ prɛˈmɪr lig? kən ju raɪt kˈwɑləti tɪps ˈʤəstəˌfaɪɪŋ jʊr prɛˈmɪr lig ˈbɛtɪŋ priˈdɪkʃənz? ðɛn saɪn əp fər fri æt! ʃɛr jʊr priˈdɪkʃənz wɪθ ˈθaʊzənz əv ənd prɛˈmɪr lig əraʊnd ðə wərld. doʊnt ˈwəri, ˈsaɪnɪŋ əp ɪz ˈsupər ˈsɪmpəl jul bi ˈraɪtɪŋ jʊr fərst tɪp ɪn noʊ taɪm! læst ˈsizən sɔ ˈplɛnti əv ˈprɑfɪt ənd ˈnɑlɪʤ ʃɛrd əˈməŋst ə ˈfɪrsli kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv ˈsizən əv prɛˈmɪr lig tɪps. ˈθaʊzənz əv tɪps wər ˈrɪtən baɪ ɑr kəˈmɪtɪd kəmˈjunɪti. ɛz ju kən si ɪn ðə tɔp 10 ˈteɪbəl frəm læst ˈsizən bɪˈloʊ, ðɛrz ən əˈbəndəns əv ˈnɑlɪʤ raɪt æt jʊr ˈfɪŋgərˌtɪps. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ bɪˈkəm ə ˈtɪpstər ˈjɔrsɛlf, hir ɪz wət ju ʃʊd du: saɪn əp ənd kriˈeɪt ən əˈkaʊnt ɔn poʊst jʊr prɛˈmɪr lig tɪps ʧɛk ɑr ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ kəmˈpɛr ˈjɔrsɛlf wɪθ ˈəðər eɪm fər ðə tɔp ənd wɪn kæʃ ˈpraɪzɪz! wi ədˈvaɪz tɪ ʧɛk aʊt læst ˈsizənz tɔp ənd si haʊ ðeɪ əˈproʊʧt ˈmæʧɪz. ɪt maɪt ˈɔlsoʊ bi wərθ ˈʧɛkɪŋ aʊt ɪf ˈɛni əv ðɛm dɪˈvɛləpt ə kənˈsɪstənt ˈstrætəʤi ðət ju tu kən teɪk ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən frəm. bɪˈkəm ə ˈtɪpstər ənd wɪn kæʃ ˈpraɪzɪz! ɪts nɑt ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ˈpoʊstɪŋ greɪt tɪps, ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ wɪn ril kæʃ ˈpraɪzɪz. ðɛr əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ ðə bɛst ɪn ðə kəmˈjunɪti iʧ mənθ! si ɔl ˈmənθli ˈpraɪzɪz ˈmənθli ˈtɪpstər ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən (tɔp 40 pəˈzɪʃən praɪz ˈspɑnsərd baɪ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 prɛˈmɪr lig tɪps ɔn ɛnˈhænst prɛˈmɪr lig ɑdz du tɪ ðə haɪ ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti əv ðə prɛˈmɪr lig, ɪt ɪz ˈkɑmən tɪ faɪnd ɛnˈhænst ɑdz ˈɔfərd baɪ ðə bɛst ˈbʊkmeɪkərz. meɪk ʃʊr ju ər ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd əˈbaʊt ðə moʊst ˈrisənt ˈɔfərz. gɪt ðə moʊst ˈvælju aʊt əv jʊr ˈbɛtɪŋ! ʧɛk aʊt ˈkɑrənt ɛnˈhænst ɑdz ˈɔfərz wɛr tɪ bɛt ɔn prɛˈmɪr lig ðə prɛˈmɪr lig ɪz wən əv ðə moʊst ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ ligz tɪ bɛt ɔn. ðɛr ər ˈhənərdz əv ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ənd ˈmɑrkɪts ˈɛvəri geɪm. ˈmɛni əv ðə tɔp ˈbʊkmeɪkərz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɔfər θˈrɪlɪŋ lɪv ˌɑpərˈtunətiz. ðiz wɪl ˈtrænspɔrt ju streɪt tɪ ðə θɪk əv ðə ˈækʃən pitchside*. ðeɪ meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈwɛlkəm ˈboʊnəs ˈɔfərz wɪn ju fərst sign-up*. hæv səm əv ðə bɛst dilz ɪn ðə ˈɪndəstri wɪθ ɔl əv ðə wərldz ˈlidɪŋ ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈbʊkmeɪkərz. ju meɪ bi ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ bæk ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˈsɪti ər ðə tim əv jʊr ʧɔɪs. meɪk ʃʊr ju teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ɔl ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wi hæv prəˈvaɪdɪd ju. wi bɪˈliv ɪt wɪl ɛnˈhæns jʊr prɛˈmɪr lig ˈbɛtɪŋ pərˈfɔrməns. ˈəðər ˈbɛtɪŋ tɪps frəm ˈɪŋglənd ʧɛk mɔr ˈɛkspərt ˈbɛtɪŋ tɪps frəm ˈɪŋglənd |
in order to make your business a success, you should be spending more time and resources in converting existing traffic than in acquiring more traffic.
when you work with the mindset of increasing sales by just sending more traffic to your website, your cost per acquisition tends to be high and your revenue per acquisition tends to be low.
so you may eventually end up making less profit and sometimes even loss.
the best way of converting existing traffic into sales, is by mapping the entire conversion /sales process from lead generation ads to post sales follow up and then looking for biggest drop-offs from one step to the next.
you do that mapping in google analytics through funnel visualization reports:
use this report, to determine the biggest drop offs from one step of the funnel to the next.
these drop offs, can help in explaining which part of the website/ conversion process needs urgent attention.
the funnel visualization report is available under conversions > goals in your ga view:
in order to truly benefit from funnel visualization reports you must know how this report actually works.
if you create wrong funnels then you be able to map customers’ conversion journey correctly and without correct mapping, there would be no conversion optimization.
note: you can learn about setting up goals and funnel visualization in google analytics from this help article:
introduction to funnels in google analytics
in google analytics, a funnel is a navigation path (series of web pages) which you expect your website users to follow, to achieve website goals.
a funnel is made up of a goal page(s) and one or more funnel pages (also known as the funnel steps).
through funnels you can determine, where users enter and exit the process.
you can then determine and eliminate bottlenecks in your process in order to improve the website sales.
you can set up to 20 pages as funnel pages in ga. however do that (more about that later).
types of google analytics funnels
there are 4 types of funnels available in google analytics:
#1 goal funnel it is a series of web pages which you expect your website users to follow, to complete a goal likenewsletters’,downloads’ etc.
#2 sales funnel it is a series of web pages which you expect your website users to follow, to complete a goal like placing an order on the website. checkout process is a good example of a sales funnel.
#3 multi channel goal funnel it is a goal funnel which takes into account, the role played by multiple marketing channels in the conversion path.
#4 multi channel sales funnel it is a sales funnel which takes into account, the role played by multiple marketing channels in the conversion path.
in this article, i will explain goal and sales funnels in great detail. but i cover multi channel funnels.
to learn more about multi channel funnels, read the article: google analytics attribution modeling beginners guide
in order to get the most out of goals and sales funnel, you need to know three things:
#1 how to correctly set up funnel
#2 how to accurately the funnel visualization report.
#3 how to optimize the funnel to increase sales.
common issues while setting up funnels in google analytics
following are the most common issues i have discovered while setting up funnels in google analytics :
selecting the wrong conversion path entering incorrect data while defining goal and funnel pages using same goal page for different funnels capitalization issues assigning monetary value to goals using incorrect (regular expressions) for goal and funnel pages not understanding the required first step not testing the funnel setup
issue #1: selecting the wrong conversion path
create a funnel only when there is a path you can your website users to follow, to complete your website goal. if a website goal (like file downloads) can be easily achieved, by following dozens of different paths, then do not define a funnel. if you do, it help you much in understanding how different traffic segments convert. instead create filtered views (like one view for organic traffic, one for paid search, one for social media etc). i am often asked the question: how do i decide pages for my funnel? the answer is pretty simple, use those pages as funnel pages, which are most frequently viewed prior to goal completions transactions. use the page value metric to determine such pages. you can also use thereverse goal path’ report (under conversions > goals in your ga view) to determine the actual navigation paths that triggered goal conversions, and the number of conversions each navigation path triggered. by default thereverse goal path’ report, shows the last 3 steps, user took, before viewing the goal page. the navigation path that has triggered maximum number of conversions, should be used as a funnel. you can also apply advanced segments to thereverse goal path’ report. note: you can only create funnels for based goals. so if you want to create funnels for event based goals then you need to use virtual. you can learn more about virtual from this article: event tracking & virtual in google analytics complete guide
issue #2: entering incorrect data while defining goal and funnel pages
when you set up a goal or funnel page you specify only the request uri. the request uri is what that comes after the domain name. for example in the: https://www.abc.com/event-education.aspx, the request uri is/event-education.aspx’. following is an example of incorrect and then correct, goal and funnel set up:
issue #3: using the same goal page for different funnels if you want to set up different funnels for same goal, then consider using different goals for each individual funnel. for example, say, you want to understand, how people who view the page, convert in comparison to the people, who view the page on your website. now you need to set up two different goals and two different funnels in your ga view, to understand this conversion behavior. let us suppose the uri of the goal page for the two funnels is/thank-you/‘. so the first goal and its corresponding funnel setup, could look something like the one below: the second goals and its corresponding funnel setup, could look something like the one below: now once you start collecting the data for the two goals, you will discover that the goal completions and goal conversion rate for both goals are reported the same, by google analytics: this happened because, both goal completions and goal conversion rate is independent of the funnel steps. to fix this problem, you need to use different goal page for the two goals:/thank-you-service1/‘ ,/thank-you-service2/‘ after such setup, you would see correct number of goal completions and accurate goal conversion rate for each goal and funnel. issue #4: capitalization issues if you want to make the goal page uri and funnel page to exactly match the capitalization of visiteds then you need to check thecase-sensitive’ check box while setting up a funnel:
there are lot of websites out there which have gots in letters or in some weird combination of upper and letters.
so if your pages did not match the of visiteds then you will get incorrect data in your funnel visualization reports.
the issue is one of the most overlooked issue, according to my analysis of hundreds of ga accounts.
issue #5: assigning a monetary value to goals you should never specify a goal value for goals, as this can inflate the revenue metrics in google analytics reports. here is what i meant:
you should assign monetary value only to goals (likefile downloads’,newsletterss’ etc), so that google analytics can calculate the roi and per session goal value.
note(1): goal value is the value of a website goal which is determined by calculating what you will get, when a goal is achieved. for e.g. if you sell leads then revenue per lead can be the value of each goal.): a goal conversion is counted, only once during a session, per user. for example if file download is one of your goal, then google analytics will count only one conversion in a single web session (or visit), no matter how many times a user downloads the file.
issue #6: using the incorrect for goal and funnel pages one of the most common and very difficult issues to resolve, while setting up funnels in ga, is to make sure that correct regular expression (or) is used for goal and funnel pages. for example, in the funnel report you may sometimes see, 100% continuation rate from one step to the next:
like in our case, there is a 100% continuation rate from shopping cart page to check out page and 100% continuation rate from checkout page to the order review page. this usually happens when multiple funnel steps, match same web pages. if you look at the funnel set up above, the first step is the home page (/) which matches with all other funnel pages, as they all contain. this is because of theregular expression’ match type, selected for the destination goal ( which is /completed-purchase.php) the match type (likeregular expression’,begins with’,equal to’) you select for destination goal is continued throughout the funnel set up. so if you selectregular expression’ match for the destination goal then it will be the same match type for each funnel step. similarly, if you selectbegins with’ match for the destination goal then it will be the same match type for each funnel step. remember funnel steps can accept regular expressions. in order to solve the 100% continuation issue, in the funnel visualization report here, you need to the for the goal page and each of the funnel page. another example, if the goal is then google analytics can match this, with page in any directory. for example the goal will match the followings:
https://www.abc.com/offer1/signup.php
https://www.abc.com/offer2/signup.php?query=jay
https://www.abc.com/offer3/signup.php?query=shoes&id=2013 to learn more about the uses of regular expressions in universal analytics, check out this article: google analytics and google tag manager (regular expressions) guide note: you can also use wild cards to define a goal or funnel page. for example, you can use to define a goal page. just like 100% continuation rate, you can also see 100% exit rate in your funnel visualization reports whenever two or more funnel steps match same web pages.
issue #7: not understanding the required first step when you mark first step of the funnel as required, the funnel visualization report includes only those conversions that pass through the required step:
that means you funnel conversion rate could be different for the funnel in which the first step is not marked as required.
here, the order in which therequired funnel page’ was viewed during the ga session, which results in conversion, does not matter.
so it is not required that a website user, must first visit the required funnel page before visiting any other funnel page.
the funnel steps 1, 2,. etc are meaningless, unless users proceed to the next step before visiting the previous funnel page.
as long as the required funnel page is viewed in a web session (which results in conversion), regardless of the order in which it is viewed, the conversions will be counted by ga. in our case, the required funnel step is the home page. so the funnel report would include only those conversions, in which the home page was viewed in a web session, regardless of the order in which it was viewed. similarly, if you want the funnel report to include only those conversions, in which one of the product category page was viewed then set product category pages as the required step:
similarly, if you want the funnel visualization report to include only those conversions, in which one of the product details pages was viewed then you can set product details pages as the required step:
note: you can create multiple funnels for a single website goal, using therequired funnel step’ and can thus get deep insight into, how people are converting on your website.
issue #8: not testing the funnel set up
viewing an empty funnel even after waiting for weeks, is one of the worst situation to be in. you go back in time, fix the issue and get the historical data. even if you fix the funnel set up now, the funnel visualization report will only show data going forward. the funnel visualization report show data retroactively. that means you lost weeks of data, in your funnel visualization report for good. therefore, before you set up any funnel in google analytics, always test it via to make sure, that you are going to get the data in funnel visualization report. testing a funnel means, testing the uri of the goal and funnel pages. for example, if your for finding pages, is incorrect or there are capitalization issues, then you wont see any data or correct data in you funnel visualization report in ga . you can test your, using the filters on the reporting interface: you can also test goal page in your funnel, by clicking on theverify this goal’ link:
in case of ga standard, it could take up to 24 hours, for the data to populate in your funnel visualization reports.
whereas, in case of ga premium, it can take up to 4 hours, to get the funnel data.
interpreting funnel visualization report data
one issue that can easily crippled your conversion optimization efforts, is the misinterpretation of funnel visualization report data.
such misinterpretation could lead to drawing wrong conclusions, which in turn, lead to making wrong marketing decisions.
many marketers assume that the number in the below, denotes the number of people (users) who completed a goal conversion: but this is not true. the number denotes the number of unique and not users.
a unique is the number of sessions during which a page was viewed once or more times.
a unique is counted only once during a session. so no matter how many times a user navigates to the same page in a given web session (or visit), the number of unique for the page will remain one.
for example if a person navigates to the home page three times in a given web session then:
the number of for the home page will be 3
the number of unique for the home page will be 1
also, the number of unique is not equal to number of users.
this is because a user can navigate to the same page multiple times during multiple sessions and thus can generate multiple unique.
for example, if a person view the home page three times in the first web session and 4 times in the second web session, then the number of unique for the home page would be 2 but the number of users would still be 1.
#1 funnel visualization report does not show the actual conversion path
example-1: let us suppose a user landed on the website via home page. he then navigated to theshopping cart’ page and again visited the home page:
let us also supposed, all of this happened in a single web session. now the funnel visualization report will not show the actual order in which these funnel steps were viewed. it would show an entrance to the home page, a continuation to the shopping cart page and an exit from shopping cart page to the home page. this happened because, funnel visualization report does not showloop back’. theloop back’ is the activity of going back to the previous step in a funnel. in our case, the user went back to the home page from the shopping cart page and thus created a loop back.
so, people do not always move through your funnel exactly the way you set it up in google analytics.
people can also enter or exit the funnel midway.
also note the number of unique for the home page. it is 1 despite the page being visited twice.
this is because the home page has been visited twice in a single web session. had it been visited in two different web sessions, the number of unique for the home page would be 2.
example-2: consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that: user landed on the website via home page. user navigated to theshopping cart’ page. user navigated back to the home page. user refreshed the home page for some reason. all of this happened in a single web session. we can also conclude that twoloop backs’ occurred in the actual conversion path. one loop back occurred when the user went back to home page from the shopping cart page. the second loop back occurred when the user refreshed the home page through his browser. since the funnel report show loop back’, it would show: an entrance to the home page a continuation to the shopping cart page an exit from shopping cart page to the home page and an exit from the home page to the home page.
example-3: consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that: the user landed on the website via home page user navigated to theshopping cart’ page user again navigated to the home page user again navigated to the shopping cart page all of this happened in a single web session. we can also conclude that twoloop backs’ occurred in the actual conversion path. one loop back occurred when the user went back to home page from the shopping cart page. the second loop back occurred when the user went back to shopping cart page from the home page. since the funnel visualization report showloop back’, it would show: an entrance to the home page a continuation to the shopping cart page an exit from shopping cart page to the home page and an exit from the home page to the shopping cart page.
#2 funnel visualization report shows continuation only from the funnel pages
consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that:
the user landed on the website via page. user navigated to the home page. user navigated to theshopping cart’ page user navigated to the contact us page
all of this happened in a single web session.
we can also conclude that noloop back’ occurred in the actual conversion path, as the user did not return to any previous step in the funnel.
the funnel report would show:
#1 an entrance from the page to the home page. (the report show continuation from the page to the home page. this is because page is not one of the funnel page/step)
#2 a continuation to the shopping cart page from the home page.
#3 an exit from shopping cart page to thecontact us’ page. since thecontact us’ page is not one of the funnel page, the report show continuation to the contact us’ page. instead it will show user exit from the funnel to thecontact us’ page.
#3 google analytics reports the funnel pages in the order they were set up, not in the order they were viewed consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that: the user landed on the website via page. user navigated to theshopping cart’ page. user navigated to the home page user navigated to the contact us page. all of this happened in a single web session. we can also conclude that noloop back’ occurred in the actual conversion path, as the user did not return to any previous step in the funnel. the funnel visualization report would show: an entrance from the page to the home page a continuation to the shopping cart page an exit from shopping cart page to thecontact us’ page. google analytics simply checks, whether a funnel page was viewed during a web session and if it was, then that is represented in the funnel visualization report in the order in which you set up your funnel, regardless of the order in which the website users actually viewed the funnel.
#4 funnel visualization report for a user with multiple web sessions consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that: in the first web session: the user landed on the website via home page user navigated to the shopping cart page. in the second web session: the user landed on the website via home page user navigated to the shopping cart page user navigated to the checkout page. we can also conclude that noloop back’ occurred, because the user navigated back to the home page and back to the shopping cart page, in a different web session. however since the home page and the shopping cart pages were viewed in two different web sessions, the number of unique for both home page and shopping cart pages would be 2. whereas the number of unique for the checkout page would be 1, as it is viewed in only one web session (or visit).
#5 a user skipping a single funnel page consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that: the user landed on the website via home page. user navigated to the checkout page user navigated to theorder review’ page. note: the user did not navigate to the shopping cart page and thus skipped it. when a user skips one of the steps in a funnel, which comes after the step, at which the user entered the funnel, then the funnel visualization report the skipped step. here, the shopping cart page is the skipped step, which comes after the home page (the step at which the user entered the funnel) and hence it will be by the funnel visualization report. so the funnel visualization report would show: an entrance to the home page continuation to the shopping cart page continuation to the checkout page continuation to the order review page.
#6 a user skipping multiple funnel pages consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that: the user landed on the website via shopping cart page user navigated to the order review page user navigated to thecompleted purchase’ page (which is the goal page). note: the user did not navigate to the home page and checkout pages and completed skipped them. since the home page is the skipped funnel step which comes before theshopping cart’ page (the step at which the user entered the funnel), it will not be by the funnel visualization report. so number of unique for the home page would be 0. the checkout page is also the skipped funnel step but it comes after theshopping cart’ page (the step at which the user entered the funnel), therefore it will be by the funnel visualization report. so number of unique for the checkout page would be 1. so the funnel visualization report would show: an entrance to the shopping cart page. continuation to the checkout page. continuation to the order review page. continuation to thecompeted purchase’ page.
#7 a user repeating the goal funnel consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that: the user landed on the website via home page. user navigated to the about us page. user navigated to the membership page user navigated to the sign up page (which is the goal page). user again navigated back to the home page. user again navigated back to the membership page. user again navigated back to the sign up page but this time on behalf of his wife. so here the user has repeated the funnel twice and completed the goal conversion (signup) twice. but in the funnel visualization report a goal is incremented only once during a session. so no matter how many times the user for the membership, in a single web session, you will see only one 1 in the funnel visualization report. the goal will be incremented in the funnel visualization report, for the same user, only when he converts again in a different web session.
#8 a user repeating the sales funnel
consider the following funnel set up:
here, from the actual conversion path of the user, we can conclude that:
the user landed on the website via the billing page user navigated to the shipping page user navigated to the payment page user navigated to the purchase page (which is the goal page) user again navigated to the billing page user again navigated to the shipping page user again navigated to the payment page user again navigated to the purchase page (which is the goal page)
so here the user has repeated the sales funnel twice and placed the order twice.
if a user place two or more different orders in a single session, then they are counted by ga as unique goals, regardless of whether the order was placed in the same or different session.
so in the case of sales funnel, a goal will be incremented in the funnel visualization report, for the same user, every time places a new order, regardless of whether the order was placed in the same or different web session.
#9 always segment the google analytics funnel data
from the report below, we can conclude that only% of 8266 website users (not technically users) proceeded to the shopping cart page:
so if we can make more website users, to reach to the shopping cart page, we can generate more sales.
now the problem is, we know which website users (whether users from organic search, paid search, email campaign or social media etc) are exiting the funnel in great numbers.
without this funnel, there is no way we can determine the main reason of users’ drop off from the home page to the shopping cart page.
unfortunately, google analytics allow the funnel visualization report on the fly via advanced segments.
when you modify an existing funnel setup in google analytics, you be able to see historical data for that funnel.
this is because funnel visualization report only shows data going forward. it show retroactive data.
in order to understand how different traffic segments convert in google analytics, you need to segment the funnels.
follow the steps below:: create filtered views (profiles) for each of the following traffic sources:
organic search traffic paid search traffic referral traffic direct traffic social media mobile traffic tablet traffic desktop traffic
step-2: set up goals and funnel pages for each filtered view.: wait for at least a month, so that enough traffic data populates, into the funnel visualization report of each filtered view. once the 30 days of data has populated into the funnel visualization reports, you are ready to interpret funnel for each traffic source.
note: when you use the date comparison feature of the funnel visualization report, google analytics show you the difference for different funnel steps. it only show you the difference in the total conversion rate for the funnel goal.
#10 never ignore data sampling issues while reading funnel report if you manage a high traffic website (million of each month) then you simply afford to ignore data sampling issues. when google analytics is sampling your data badly, you blindly rely on the metrics reported by it. then there is always a strong possibility, that the reported metrics are 10 to 80% off the mark. if your funnel visualization report is based on more than sessions then google analytics is going to sample the data, whether or not you use ga premium. so in order to fix data sampling issues, run the funnel visualization report, for shorter time frame which should include less than sessions. to learn more about data sampling issues in google analytics, read the article: google analytics data sampling complete guide #11 never use a small time frame and a small data set for your funnel analysis many marketers take marketing decisions based on small time frame or small data set. you determine the best conversion path used by your website users and then optimize your conversion funnel, just on the basis of few weeks of data or handful of conversions. you need at least one month of data in your funnel visualization report before you can take marketing decisions or even consider funnel optimization. if you have a low traffic website, getting enough conversions in the desired time frame is difficult. your best bet is, to buy some extra traffic (via or ads on social media) so that you can validate your faster. make sure that you always use descriptive names for funnel steps as they show up in your funnel visualization reports. use a name which describes what the goal /funnel page is all about. use names likestep-1’,step-2’ etc.
#12 the impact of funnel on conversion rate and conversion volume
there is no impact of the funnel pages / steps you create, either on the conversion rate (both goal conversion rate and conversion rate) or on the conversion volume (like goal completions, number of orders) in your funnel visualization report.
the funnels you define affect only your funnel visualization reports.
the other thing which is worth mentioning is that the funnel conversion rate is not the same as goal conversion rate or conversion rate.
the funnel conversion rate is the percentage of funnel sessions which result in conversions.
these conversions can be goal conversions or transactions.
funnel conversion rate = (total funnel sessions) * 100
for example:
here the funnel conversion rate is calculated as:
total checkout funnel sessions = (26,346/73,333) * 100 =%
note: goal abandonment rate = conversion rate
quick recap of tips for correctly reading the funnel visualization report in ga
#1 in ga funnel visualization report, the numbers that you see are unique and not the number of
#2 the number of unique is not equal to number of users.
#3 funnel visualization report does not show the actual conversion path followed by a user
#4 a funnel visualization report does not show loop backs (i.e. going back to the previous funnel steps).
#5 aloop back’ is not counted, if the same funnel page is viewed in two or more different ga sessions.
#6 funnel visualization report shows continuation only from the funnel pages.
#7 google analytics report the funnel pages, in the order in which they were set up, not in the order, they were viewed.
#8 the order in which you have set up your funnels steps in ga, is the order in which your funnel steps will appear in the funnel visualization report.
#9 funnel visualization report simply show the funnel pages that were viewed in a web session(s).
#10 ga those skipped funnel steps which come after the funnel step, that was viewed in a web session.
#11 ga does not those skipped funnel steps which come before the funnel step, that was viewed in a web session.
#12 a goal is counted only once in a web session no matter how many times a user completes that goal.
#13 the goal will be incremented in the funnel visualization report, for the same user, only when converts again in a different web session.
#14 a goal will be incremented in the funnel visualization report, for the same user, every time places a new order, regardless of whether the order was placed in the same or different web session.
#15 always segment the google analytics funnel data.
#16 never ignore data sampling issues while reading the funnel visualization report.
#17 never use small time frame and small data set for your funnel analysis.
#18 there is no impact of the funnel pages / steps you create, either on the conversion rate (both goal conversion rate and conversion rate) or on the conversion volume (like goal completions, number of orders) in your funnel visualization report.
optimizing google analytics sales funnels
in order to increase sales you need to make sure that following 2 activities happen on your website as often as possible:
website users add items to the shopping cart. the users who have added items to their shopping cart make a purchase.
google analytics enhanced product performance report provide following metrics through which you can optimize your website sales funnel:
#1 cart to detail rate it is the rate at which users add product to the shopping cart after viewing the product details.
#2 buy to detail rate it the rate at which users buy products after viewing the product details.
#3 product adds to cart it is the number of times a product was added to shopping cart.
#4 product removes from cart it is the number of times a product was removed from the shopping cart.
#5 product checkouts number of times a product was included in the checkout process.
tips to increase yourproduct adds to cart’ rate
you website users will add products to the shopping cart when:
#1 you send highly targeted traffic to the website. this is one of the main requirements.
#2 your website is visually appealing. design matters a lot.
#3 your products are enticing.
#4 your offers create a sense of urgency. for example:order in the next 2 hours and get..
#5 your landing pages have got clear call to action.
#6 your website has got no major issues
#7 your website has got no credibility issues
focus on improving yourproduct adds to cart’ rate to increase the probability of generating more sales.
note: make sure that you segment theproduct adds to cart’ rate to its most granular level before you interpret it. all the data in aggregate form is crap.
tips to reduce the checkout abandonment rate
asking people to add items to the shopping cart is the easy bit. asking them to complete the purchase is hard.
if you want website users who have added items to their shopping cart, to make a purchase then give them nasty surprises during the checkout process.
following are the top reasons for high checkout rate and how you can reduce the abandonment:
1. a very checkout process
each additional funnel step, gives the opportunity to a customer to leave the funnel and not convert. therefore you should aim to minimize the number of funnel steps.
2. hidden charges
any extra during the checkout process, can immediately put off a customer and can cause him to exit the funnel straightaway. therefore be upfront with your prices as much as possible.
3. forced registration
it is one of the best way, to put off a customer from converting. never force a person to register in order to complete a purchase. ask him to register only after the sale has been made.
sometimes people convert just because they want to register. for such people provide a guest checkout option. your first priority should always be generating the sale.
4. out of stock product
the last thing you want your potential client to do, is to add a product to his shopping cart, which is out of stock and he comes to know about it, only during the checkout.
make sure that the out of stock products be added to shopping cart by any person.
5. please also buy this and that…
cross promotion can result in increase sales when done in a moderate amount. but when you try to shove multiple products down a throat, it can put him off from converting.
godaddy is pretty notorious in cross promoting its products. you try to buy one domain and it will try to shove every product in its catalogue right down your throat. avoid doing too much upselling.
6. do not ask same information multiple times
when you ask same information multiple times during the checkout, you are literally telling your customers to exit the funnel right now, or i will haunt you by asking same question over and over again.
make sure that you do not ask same information again
7. you must collect users email addresses in the first few steps of the checkout process so that you can use the email later, for remarketing purpose, in case the user abandon the shopping cart. remarketing is proven technique to decrease the checkout abandonment rate.
8. poor navigation
sometimes poor navigation does not allow a person to go back to a funnel step to make some changes. in such case, he can either choose to restart the checkout process or exit the funnel for good. lot of people choose the later option.
9. limited payment options
the worst thing your customer could experience during checkout, is that, his desired payment option (like paypal) is not available.
so even when he was ready to pay, he could not pay to you. so provide as many payment options as possible.
10. website errors
any technical error can cause your customer to loose all the filled information on a form. forcing your customer to the information is a fire shot way to loose him for good.
so always make sure that your checkout process is error free.
the checkout abandonment rate is calculated as (100- total number of orders placed on the website / the total number of clicks on thecheckout’ button) * 100
you should aim to keep your checkout abandonment rate as low as possible.
in order to better understand the checkout abandonment rate, segment this metric to its most granular level using google analytics filtered views. | ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ meɪk jʊr ˈbɪznɪs ə səkˈsɛs, ju ʃʊd bi ˈspɛndɪŋ mɔr taɪm ənd ˈrisɔrsɪz ɪn kənˈvərtɪŋ ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈtræfɪk ðən ɪn əkˈwaɪərɪŋ mɔr ˈtræfɪk. wɪn ju wərk wɪθ ðə ˈmaɪndˌsɛt əv ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ seɪlz baɪ ʤɪst ˈsɛndɪŋ mɔr ˈtræfɪk tɪ jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, jʊr kɔst pər ˌækwəˈzɪʃən tɛndz tɪ bi haɪ ənd jʊr ˈrɛvəˌnu pər ˌækwəˈzɪʃən tɛndz tɪ bi loʊ. soʊ ju meɪ ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ɛnd əp ˈmeɪkɪŋ lɛs ˈprɑfɪt ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈivɪn lɔs. ðə bɛst weɪ əv kənˈvərtɪŋ ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈtræfɪk ˈɪntu seɪlz, ɪz baɪ ˈmæpɪŋ ðə ɪnˈtaɪər kənˈvərʒən /seɪlz ˈprɔˌsɛs frəm lɛd ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ædz tɪ poʊst seɪlz ˈfɑloʊ əp ənd ðɛn ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˈbɪgəst ˈdrɑˌpɔfs frəm wən stɛp tɪ ðə nɛkst. ju du ðət ˈmæpɪŋ ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks θru ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrts: juz ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt, tɪ dɪˈtərmən ðə ˈbɪgəst drɔp ɔfs frəm wən stɛp əv ðə ˈfənəl tɪ ðə nɛkst. ðiz drɔp ɔfs, kən hɛlp ɪn ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ wɪʧ pɑrt əv ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt/ kənˈvərʒən ˈprɔˌsɛs nidz ˈərʤənt əˈtɛnʃən. ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ɪz əˈveɪləbəl ˈəndər kənˈvərʒənz goʊlz ɪn jʊr ˈʤɔrʤə vju: ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈtruli ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrts ju məst noʊ haʊ ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt ˈæˌkʧuəli wərks. ɪf ju kriˈeɪt rɔŋ ˈfənəlz ðɛn ju bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ mæp customers’*’ kənˈvərʒən ˈʤərni kərˈɛktli ənd wɪˈθaʊt kərˈɛkt ˈmæpɪŋ, ðɛr wʊd bi noʊ kənˈvərʒən ɑptɪmɪˈzeɪʃən. noʊt: ju kən lərn əˈbaʊt ˈsɛtɪŋ əp goʊlz ənd ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks frəm ðɪs hɛlp ˈɑrtɪkəl: ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən tɪ ˈfənəlz ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks, ə ˈfənəl ɪz ə ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən pæθ (ˈsɪriz əv wɛb ˈpeɪʤɪz) wɪʧ ju ɪkˈspɛkt jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz tɪ ˈfɑloʊ, tɪ əˈʧiv ˈwɛbˌsaɪt goʊlz. ə ˈfənəl ɪz meɪd əp əv ə goʊl page(s*) ənd wən ər mɔr ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz (ˈɔlsoʊ noʊn ɛz ðə ˈfənəl stɛps). θru ˈfənəlz ju kən dɪˈtərmən, wɛr ˈjuzərz ˈɛnər ənd ˈɛksət ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. ju kən ðɛn dɪˈtərmən ənd ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ˈbɑtəlˌnɛks ɪn jʊr ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt seɪlz. ju kən sɛt əp tɪ 20 ˈpeɪʤɪz ɛz ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz ɪn ˈʤɔrʤə. ˌhaʊˈɛvər du ðət (mɔr əˈbaʊt ðət ˈleɪtər). taɪps əv ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈfənəlz ðɛr ər 4 taɪps əv ˈfənəlz əˈveɪləbəl ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks: 1 goʊl ˈfənəl ɪt ɪz ə ˈsɪriz əv wɛb ˈpeɪʤɪz wɪʧ ju ɪkˈspɛkt jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz tɪ ˈfɑloʊ, tɪ kəmˈplit ə goʊl laɪk signups’*’, ‘‘downloads’*’ ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. 2 seɪlz ˈfənəl ɪt ɪz ə ˈsɪriz əv wɛb ˈpeɪʤɪz wɪʧ ju ɪkˈspɛkt jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz tɪ ˈfɑloʊ, tɪ kəmˈplit ə goʊl laɪk ˈpleɪsɪŋ ən ˈɔrdər ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz ə gʊd ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ə seɪlz ˈfənəl. 3 ˈməlti ˈʧænəl goʊl ˈfənəl ɪt ɪz ə goʊl ˈfənəl wɪʧ teɪks ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt, ðə roʊl pleɪd baɪ ˈməltəpəl ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˈʧænəlz ɪn ðə kənˈvərʒən pæθ. 4 ˈməlti ˈʧænəl seɪlz ˈfənəl ɪt ɪz ə seɪlz ˈfənəl wɪʧ teɪks ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt, ðə roʊl pleɪd baɪ ˈməltəpəl ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˈʧænəlz ɪn ðə kənˈvərʒən pæθ. ɪn ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl, aɪ wɪl ɪkˈspleɪn goʊl ənd seɪlz ˈfənəlz ɪn greɪt ˈditeɪl. bət aɪ ˈkəvər ˈməlti ˈʧænəl ˈfənəlz. tɪ lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ˈməlti ˈʧænəl ˈfənəlz, rɛd ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl: ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˌætrɪˈbjuʃən ˈmɑdəlɪŋ bɪˈgɪnərz gaɪd ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ gɪt ðə moʊst aʊt əv goʊlz ənd seɪlz ˈfənəl, ju nid tɪ noʊ θri θɪŋz: 1 haʊ tɪ kərˈɛktli sɛt əp ˈfənəl 2 haʊ tɪ ˈækjərətli ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. 3 haʊ tɪ ˈɑptɪˌmaɪz ðə ˈfənəl tɪ ˌɪnˈkris seɪlz. ˈkɑmən ˈɪʃuz waɪl ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ˈfənəlz ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ər ðə moʊst ˈkɑmən ˈɪʃuz aɪ hæv dɪˈskəvərd waɪl ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ˈfənəlz ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks səˈlɛktɪŋ ðə rɔŋ kənˈvərʒən pæθ ˈɛnərɪŋ ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ˈdætə waɪl dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ goʊl ənd ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz ˈjuzɪŋ seɪm goʊl peɪʤ fər ˈdɪfərənt ˈfənəlz ˌkæpɪtəlɪˈzeɪʃən ˈɪʃuz əˈsaɪnɪŋ ˈmɑnəˌtɛri ˈvælju tɪ goʊlz ˈjuzɪŋ ˌɪnkərˈɛkt (ˈrɛgjələr ɪkˈsprɛʃənz) fər goʊl ənd ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz nɑt ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ðə rikˈwaɪərd fərst stɛp nɑt ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə ˈfənəl ˈsɛˌtəp ˈɪʃu 1 səˈlɛktɪŋ ðə rɔŋ kənˈvərʒən pæθ kriˈeɪt ə ˈfənəl ˈoʊnli wɪn ðɛr ɪz ə pæθ ju kən jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz tɪ ˈfɑloʊ, tɪ kəmˈplit jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt goʊl. ɪf ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt goʊl (laɪk faɪl ˈdaʊnˌloʊdz) kən bi ˈizəli əˈʧivd, baɪ ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈdəzənz əv ˈdɪfərənt pæθs, ðɛn du nɑt dɪˈfaɪn ə ˈfənəl. ɪf ju du, ɪt hɛlp ju məʧ ɪn ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ haʊ ˈdɪfərənt ˈtræfɪk ˌsɛgˈmɛnts ˈkɑnvərt. ˌɪnˈstɛd kriˈeɪt ˈfɪltərd vjuz (laɪk wən vju fər ɔrˈgænɪk ˈtræfɪk, wən fər peɪd sərʧ, wən fər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˌɛtˈsɛtərə). aɪ æm ˈɔfən æst ðə kˈwɛʃən: haʊ du aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ˈpeɪʤɪz fər maɪ ˈfənəl? ðə ˈænsər ɪz ˈprɪti ˈsɪmpəl, juz ðoʊz ˈpeɪʤɪz ɛz ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz, wɪʧ ər moʊst ˈfrikwɛntli vjud praɪər tɪ goʊl kəmˈpliʃənz trænˈzækʃənz. juz ðə peɪʤ ˈvælju ˈmɛtrɪk tɪ dɪˈtərmən səʧ ˈpeɪʤɪz. ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ juz ðə goʊl path’*’ rɪˈpɔrt (ˈəndər kənˈvərʒənz goʊlz ɪn jʊr ˈʤɔrʤə vju) tɪ dɪˈtərmən ðə ˈækʧəwəl ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən pæθs ðət ˈtrɪgərd goʊl kənˈvərʒənz, ənd ðə ˈnəmbər əv kənˈvərʒənz iʧ ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən pæθ ˈtrɪgərd. baɪ dɪˈfɔlt ðə goʊl path’*’ rɪˈpɔrt, ʃoʊz ðə læst 3 stɛps, ˈjuzər tʊk, ˌbiˈfɔr vjuɪŋ ðə goʊl peɪʤ. ðə ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən pæθ ðət həz ˈtrɪgərd ˈmæksəməm ˈnəmbər əv kənˈvərʒənz, ʃʊd bi juzd ɛz ə ˈfənəl. ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ əˈplaɪ ədˈvænst ˌsɛgˈmɛnts tɪ ðə goʊl path’*’ rɪˈpɔrt. noʊt: ju kən ˈoʊnli kriˈeɪt ˈfənəlz fər beɪst goʊlz. soʊ ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈfənəlz fər ɪˈvɛnt beɪst goʊlz ðɛn ju nid tɪ juz ˈvərʧuəl. ju kən lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ˈvərʧuəl frəm ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl: ɪˈvɛnt ˈtrækɪŋ ˈvərʧuəl ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks kəmˈplit gaɪd ˈɪʃu 2 ˈɛnərɪŋ ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ˈdætə waɪl dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ goʊl ənd ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz wɪn ju sɛt əp ə goʊl ər ˈfənəl peɪʤ ju ˈspɛsəˌfaɪ ˈoʊnli ðə rɪkˈwɛst ˈjəri. ðə rɪkˈwɛst ˈjəri ɪz wət ðət kəmz ˈæftər ðə doʊˈmeɪn neɪm. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ɪn ðə: https://www.abc.com/event-education.aspx*, ðə rɪkˈwɛst ˈjəri ɪz ‘/‘/event-education.aspx’*’. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ɪz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ənd ðɛn kərˈɛkt, goʊl ənd ˈfənəl sɛt əp: ˈɪʃu 3 ˈjuzɪŋ ðə seɪm goʊl peɪʤ fər ˈdɪfərənt ˈfənəlz ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ sɛt əp ˈdɪfərənt ˈfənəlz fər seɪm goʊl, ðɛn kənˈsɪdər ˈjuzɪŋ ˈdɪfərənt goʊl fər iʧ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈfənəl. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, seɪ, ju wɔnt tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd, haʊ ˈpipəl hu vju ðə peɪʤ, ˈkɑnvərt ɪn kəmˈpɛrəsən tɪ ðə ˈpipəl, hu vju ðə peɪʤ ɔn jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. naʊ ju nid tɪ sɛt əp tu ˈdɪfərənt goʊlz ənd tu ˈdɪfərənt ˈfənəlz ɪn jʊr ˈʤɔrʤə vju, tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðɪs kənˈvərʒən bɪˈheɪvjər. lɛt ˈjuˈɛs səˈpoʊz ðə ˈjəri əv ðə goʊl peɪʤ fər ðə tu ˈfənəlz ɪz ‘/‘/thank-you/‘*/‘. soʊ ðə fərst goʊl ənd ɪts ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ ˈfənəl ˈsɛˌtəp, kʊd lʊk ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ðə wən bɪˈloʊ: ðə ˈsɛkənd goʊlz ənd ɪts ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ ˈfənəl ˈsɛˌtəp, kʊd lʊk ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ðə wən bɪˈloʊ: naʊ wəns ju stɑrt kəˈlɛktɪŋ ðə ˈdætə fər ðə tu goʊlz, ju wɪl dɪˈskəvər ðət ðə goʊl kəmˈpliʃənz ənd goʊl kənˈvərʒən reɪt fər boʊθ goʊlz ər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðə seɪm, baɪ ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks: ðɪs ˈhæpənd bɪˈkəz, boʊθ goʊl kəmˈpliʃənz ənd goʊl kənˈvərʒən reɪt ɪz ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əv ðə ˈfənəl stɛps. tɪ fɪks ðɪs ˈprɑbləm, ju nid tɪ juz ˈdɪfərənt goʊl peɪʤ fər ðə tu goʊlz: ˈæftər səʧ ˈsɛˌtəp, ju wʊd si kərˈɛkt ˈnəmbər əv goʊl kəmˈpliʃənz ənd ˈækjərət goʊl kənˈvərʒən reɪt fər iʧ goʊl ənd ˈfənəl. ˈɪʃu 4 ˌkæpɪtəlɪˈzeɪʃən ˈɪʃuz ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ meɪk ðə goʊl peɪʤ ˈjəri ənd ˈfənəl peɪʤ tɪ ɪgˈzæktli mæʧ ðə ˌkæpɪtəlɪˈzeɪʃən əv ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðɛn ju nid tɪ ʧɛk ðə ‘‘case-sensitive’*’ ʧɛk bɑks waɪl ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ə ˈfənəl: ðɛr ər lɔt əv ˈwɛbˌsaɪts aʊt ðɛr wɪʧ hæv gɑt ɪn ˈlɛtərz ər ɪn səm wɪrd ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ˈəpər ənd ˈlɛtərz. soʊ ɪf jʊr ˈpeɪʤɪz dɪd nɑt mæʧ ðə əv ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðɛn ju wɪl gɪt ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ˈdætə ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrts. ðə ˈɪʃu ɪz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈoʊvərˌlʊkt ˈɪʃu, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ maɪ æˈnælɪsɪs əv ˈhənərdz əv ˈʤɔrʤə əˈkaʊnts. ˈɪʃu 5 əˈsaɪnɪŋ ə ˈmɑnəˌtɛri ˈvælju tɪ goʊlz ju ʃʊd ˈnɛvər ˈspɛsəˌfaɪ ə goʊl ˈvælju fər goʊlz, ɛz ðɪs kən ɪnˈfleɪt ðə ˈrɛvəˌnu ˈmɛtrɪks ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks rɪˈpɔrts. hir ɪz wət aɪ mɛnt: ju ʃʊd əˈsaɪn ˈmɑnəˌtɛri ˈvælju ˈoʊnli tɪ goʊlz (laɪk downloads’*’, signups’*’ ˌɛtˈsɛtərə), soʊ ðət ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks kən ˈkælkjəˌleɪt ðə rɔɪ ənd pər ˈsɛʃən goʊl ˈvælju. goʊl ˈvælju ɪz ðə ˈvælju əv ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt goʊl wɪʧ ɪz dɪˈtərmənd baɪ ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪŋ wət ju wɪl gɪt, wɪn ə goʊl ɪz əˈʧivd. fər e.g*. ɪf ju sɛl lidz ðɛn ˈrɛvəˌnu pər lɛd kən bi ðə ˈvælju əv iʧ goʊl. ə goʊl kənˈvərʒən ɪz ˈkaʊntɪd, ˈoʊnli wəns ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈsɛʃən, pər ˈjuzər. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ɪf faɪl ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ɪz wən əv jʊr goʊl, ðɛn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks wɪl kaʊnt ˈoʊnli wən kənˈvərʒən ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl wɛb ˈsɛʃən (ər ˈvɪzɪt), noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz ə ˈjuzər ˈdaʊnˌloʊdz ðə faɪl. ˈɪʃu 6 ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˌɪnkərˈɛkt fər goʊl ənd ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈkɑmən ənd ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt ˈɪʃuz tɪ riˈzɑlv, waɪl ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ˈfənəlz ɪn ˈʤɔrʤə, ɪz tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət kərˈɛkt ˈrɛgjələr ɪkˈsprɛʃən (ər) ɪz juzd fər goʊl ənd ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ɪn ðə ˈfənəl rɪˈpɔrt ju meɪ ˈsəmˌtaɪmz si, 100 kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən reɪt frəm wən stɛp tɪ ðə nɛkst: laɪk ɪn ɑr keɪs, ðɛr ɪz ə 100 kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən reɪt frəm ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ tɪ ʧɛk aʊt peɪʤ ənd 100 kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən reɪt frəm ˈʧɛˌkaʊt peɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈɔrdər ˌrivˈju peɪʤ. ðɪs ˈjuʒəwəli ˈhæpənz wɪn ˈməltəpəl ˈfənəl stɛps, mæʧ seɪm wɛb ˈpeɪʤɪz. ɪf ju lʊk æt ðə ˈfənəl sɛt əp əˈbəv, ðə fərst stɛp ɪz ðə hoʊm peɪʤ wɪʧ ˈmæʧɪz wɪθ ɔl ˈəðər ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz, ɛz ðeɪ ɔl kənˈteɪn ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz əv ðə expression’*’ mæʧ taɪp, səˈlɛktɪd fər ðə ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃən goʊl wɪʧ ɪz /completed-purchase.php*) ðə mæʧ taɪp (laɪk expression’*’, with’*’, to’*’) ju səˈlɛkt fər ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃən goʊl ɪz kənˈtɪnjud θruaʊt ðə ˈfənəl sɛt əp. soʊ ɪf ju səˈlɛkt expression’*’ mæʧ fər ðə ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃən goʊl ðɛn ɪt wɪl bi ðə seɪm mæʧ taɪp fər iʧ ˈfənəl stɛp. ˈsɪmələrli, ɪf ju səˈlɛkt with’*’ mæʧ fər ðə ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃən goʊl ðɛn ɪt wɪl bi ðə seɪm mæʧ taɪp fər iʧ ˈfənəl stɛp. rɪˈmɛmbər ˈfənəl stɛps kən əkˈsɛpt ˈrɛgjələr ɪkˈsprɛʃənz. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ sɑlv ðə 100 kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən ˈɪʃu, ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt hir, ju nid tɪ ðə fər ðə goʊl peɪʤ ənd iʧ əv ðə ˈfənəl peɪʤ. əˈnəðər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ɪf ðə goʊl ɪz ðɛn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks kən mæʧ ðɪs, wɪθ peɪʤ ɪn ˈɛni dɪˈrɛktəri. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ðə goʊl wɪl mæʧ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ: tɪ lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ðə ˈjuzɪz əv ˈrɛgjələr ɪkˈsprɛʃənz ɪn ˌjunəˈvərsəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks, ʧɛk aʊt ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl: ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ənd ˈgugəl tæg ˈmænɪʤər (ˈrɛgjələr ɪkˈsprɛʃənz) gaɪd noʊt: ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ juz waɪld kɑrdz tɪ dɪˈfaɪn ə goʊl ər ˈfənəl peɪʤ. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ju kən juz tɪ dɪˈfaɪn ə goʊl peɪʤ. ʤɪst laɪk 100 kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən reɪt, ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ si 100 ˈɛksət reɪt ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrts wɛˈnɛvər tu ər mɔr ˈfənəl stɛps mæʧ seɪm wɛb ˈpeɪʤɪz. ˈɪʃu 7 nɑt ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ðə rikˈwaɪərd fərst stɛp wɪn ju mɑrk fərst stɛp əv ðə ˈfənəl ɛz rikˈwaɪərd, ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ˌɪnˈkludz ˈoʊnli ðoʊz kənˈvərʒənz ðət pæs θru ðə rikˈwaɪərd stɛp: ðət minz ju ˈfənəl kənˈvərʒən reɪt kʊd bi ˈdɪfərənt fər ðə ˈfənəl ɪn wɪʧ ðə fərst stɛp ɪz nɑt mɑrkt ɛz rikˈwaɪərd. hir, ðə ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ ðə ˈfənəl page’*’ wɑz vjud ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈʤɔrʤə ˈsɛʃən, wɪʧ rɪˈzəlts ɪn kənˈvərʒən, dɪz nɑt ˈmætər. soʊ ɪt ɪz nɑt rikˈwaɪərd ðət ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzər, məst fərst ˈvɪzɪt ðə rikˈwaɪərd ˈfənəl peɪʤ ˌbiˈfɔr ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈfənəl peɪʤ. ðə ˈfənəl stɛps 1 2 ˌɛtˈsɛtərə ər ˈminɪŋləs, ənˈlɛs ˈjuzərz pərˈsid tɪ ðə nɛkst stɛp ˌbiˈfɔr ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ðə ˈpriviəs ˈfənəl peɪʤ. ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ðə rikˈwaɪərd ˈfənəl peɪʤ ɪz vjud ɪn ə wɛb ˈsɛʃən (wɪʧ rɪˈzəlts ɪn kənˈvərʒən), rəˈgɑrdləs əv ðə ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ ɪt ɪz vjud, ðə kənˈvərʒənz wɪl bi ˈkaʊntɪd baɪ ˈʤɔrʤə. ɪn ɑr keɪs, ðə rikˈwaɪərd ˈfənəl stɛp ɪz ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. soʊ ðə ˈfənəl rɪˈpɔrt wʊd ˌɪnˈklud ˈoʊnli ðoʊz kənˈvərʒənz, ɪn wɪʧ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ wɑz vjud ɪn ə wɛb ˈsɛʃən, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ðə ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ ɪt wɑz vjud. ˈsɪmələrli, ɪf ju wɔnt ðə ˈfənəl rɪˈpɔrt tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ˈoʊnli ðoʊz kənˈvərʒənz, ɪn wɪʧ wən əv ðə ˈprɑdəkt ˈkætəˌgɔri peɪʤ wɑz vjud ðɛn sɛt ˈprɑdəkt ˈkætəˌgɔri ˈpeɪʤɪz ɛz ðə rikˈwaɪərd stɛp: ˈsɪmələrli, ɪf ju wɔnt ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ˈoʊnli ðoʊz kənˈvərʒənz, ɪn wɪʧ wən əv ðə ˈprɑdəkt ˈditeɪlz ˈpeɪʤɪz wɑz vjud ðɛn ju kən sɛt ˈprɑdəkt ˈditeɪlz ˈpeɪʤɪz ɛz ðə rikˈwaɪərd stɛp: noʊt: ju kən kriˈeɪt ˈməltəpəl ˈfənəlz fər ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈwɛbˌsaɪt goʊl, ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈfənəl step’*’ ənd kən ðəs gɪt dip ˈɪnˌsaɪt ˈɪntu, haʊ ˈpipəl ər kənˈvərtɪŋ ɔn jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. ˈɪʃu 8 nɑt ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə ˈfənəl sɛt əp vjuɪŋ ən ˈɛmti ˈfənəl ˈivɪn ˈæftər ˈweɪtɪŋ fər wiks, ɪz wən əv ðə wərst ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən tɪ bi ɪn. ju goʊ bæk ɪn taɪm, fɪks ðə ˈɪʃu ənd gɪt ðə hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈdætə. ˈivɪn ɪf ju fɪks ðə ˈfənəl sɛt əp naʊ, ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt wɪl ˈoʊnli ʃoʊ ˈdætə goʊɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd. ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ʃoʊ ˈdætə ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪvli. ðət minz ju lɔst wiks əv ˈdætə, ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt fər gʊd. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˌbiˈfɔr ju sɛt əp ˈɛni ˈfənəl ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks, ˈɔlˌweɪz tɛst ɪt ˈviə tɪ meɪk ʃʊr, ðət ju ər goʊɪŋ tɪ gɪt ðə ˈdætə ɪn ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. ˈtɛstɪŋ ə ˈfənəl minz, ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə ˈjəri əv ðə goʊl ənd ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ɪf jʊr fər ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈpeɪʤɪz, ɪz ˌɪnkərˈɛkt ər ðɛr ər ˌkæpɪtəlɪˈzeɪʃən ˈɪʃuz, ðɛn ju woʊnt si ˈɛni ˈdætə ər kərˈɛkt ˈdætə ɪn ju ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ɪn ˈʤɔrʤə ju kən tɛst jʊr, ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈfɪltərz ɔn ðə rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈɪnərˌfeɪs: ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ tɛst goʊl peɪʤ ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl, baɪ ˈklɪkɪŋ ɔn ðə ðɪs goal’*’ lɪŋk: ɪn keɪs əv ˈʤɔrʤə ˈstændərd, ɪt kʊd teɪk əp tɪ 24 aʊərz, fər ðə ˈdætə tɪ ˈpɑpjəˌleɪt ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrts. wɛˈræz, ɪn keɪs əv ˈʤɔrʤə ˈprimiəm, ɪt kən teɪk əp tɪ 4 aʊərz, tɪ gɪt ðə ˈfənəl ˈdætə. ˈɪntərˌprɛtɪŋ ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ˈdætə wən ˈɪʃu ðət kən ˈizəli ˈkrɪpəld jʊr kənˈvərʒən ɑptɪmɪˈzeɪʃən ˈɛfərts, ɪz ðə mɪsɪnˌtərprəˈteɪʃən əv ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ˈdætə. səʧ mɪsɪnˌtərprəˈteɪʃən kʊd lɛd tɪ drɔɪŋ rɔŋ kənˈkluʒənz, wɪʧ ɪn tərn, lɛd tɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ rɔŋ ˈmɑrkətɪŋ dɪˈsɪʒənz. ˈmɛni ˌmɑrkətərz əˈsum ðət ðə ˈnəmbər ɪn ðə bɪˈloʊ, dɪˈnoʊts ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈpipəl (ˈjuzərz) hu kəmˈplitɪd ə goʊl kənˈvərʒən: bət ðɪs ɪz nɑt tru. ðə ˈnəmbər dɪˈnoʊts ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik ənd nɑt ˈjuzərz. ə juˈnik ɪz ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈsɛʃənz ˈdʊrɪŋ wɪʧ ə peɪʤ wɑz vjud wəns ər mɔr taɪmz. ə juˈnik ɪz ˈkaʊntɪd ˈoʊnli wəns ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈsɛʃən. soʊ noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz ə ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪts tɪ ðə seɪm peɪʤ ɪn ə ˈgɪvɪn wɛb ˈsɛʃən (ər ˈvɪzɪt), ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər ðə peɪʤ wɪl rɪˈmeɪn wən. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ɪf ə ˈpərsən ˈnævəˌgeɪts tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ θri taɪmz ɪn ə ˈgɪvɪn wɛb ˈsɛʃən ðɛn: ðə ˈnəmbər əv fər ðə hoʊm peɪʤ wɪl bi 3 ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər ðə hoʊm peɪʤ wɪl bi 1 ˈɔlsoʊ, ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik ɪz nɑt ˈikwəl tɪ ˈnəmbər əv ˈjuzərz. ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz ə ˈjuzər kən ˈnævəˌgeɪt tɪ ðə seɪm peɪʤ ˈməltəpəl taɪmz ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈməltəpəl ˈsɛʃənz ənd ðəs kən ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt ˈməltəpəl juˈnik. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ɪf ə ˈpərsən vju ðə hoʊm peɪʤ θri taɪmz ɪn ðə fərst wɛb ˈsɛʃən ənd 4 taɪmz ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd wɛb ˈsɛʃən, ðɛn ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər ðə hoʊm peɪʤ wʊd bi 2 bət ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈjuzərz wʊd stɪl bi 1 1 ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt dɪz nɑt ʃoʊ ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ lɛt ˈjuˈɛs səˈpoʊz ə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə hoʊm peɪʤ. hi ðɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə cart’*’ peɪʤ ənd əˈgɛn ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə hoʊm peɪʤ: lɛt ˈjuˈɛs ˈɔlsoʊ səˈpoʊzd, ɔl əv ðɪs ˈhæpənd ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl wɛb ˈsɛʃən. naʊ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt wɪl nɑt ʃoʊ ðə ˈækʧəwəl ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ ðiz ˈfənəl stɛps wər vjud. ɪt wʊd ʃoʊ ən ˈɛntrəns tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ, ə kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ənd ən ˈɛksət frəm ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. ðɪs ˈhæpənd bɪˈkəz, ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt dɪz nɑt ʃoʊ back’*’. ðə back’*’ ɪz ðə ækˈtɪvɪti əv goʊɪŋ bæk tɪ ðə ˈpriviəs stɛp ɪn ə ˈfənəl. ɪn ɑr keɪs, ðə ˈjuzər wɛnt bæk tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ frəm ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ənd ðəs kriˈeɪtɪd ə lup bæk. soʊ, ˈpipəl du nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz muv θru jʊr ˈfənəl ɪgˈzæktli ðə weɪ ju sɛt ɪt əp ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks. ˈpipəl kən ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛnər ər ˈɛksət ðə ˈfənəl ˈmɪdˌweɪ. ˈɔlsoʊ noʊt ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. ɪt ɪz 1 dɪˈspaɪt ðə peɪʤ biɪŋ ˈvɪzɪtɪd twaɪs. ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz ðə hoʊm peɪʤ həz bɪn ˈvɪzɪtɪd twaɪs ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl wɛb ˈsɛʃən. hæd ɪt bɪn ˈvɪzɪtɪd ɪn tu ˈdɪfərənt wɛb ˈsɛʃənz, ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər ðə hoʊm peɪʤ wʊd bi 2 kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə hoʊm peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə cart’*’ peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd bæk tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. ˈjuzər riˈfrɛʃt ðə hoʊm peɪʤ fər səm ˈrizən. ɔl əv ðɪs ˈhæpənd ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl wɛb ˈsɛʃən. wi kən ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈklud ðət tu backs’*’ əˈkərd ɪn ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ. wən lup bæk əˈkərd wɪn ðə ˈjuzər wɛnt bæk tɪ hoʊm peɪʤ frəm ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ. ðə ˈsɛkənd lup bæk əˈkərd wɪn ðə ˈjuzər riˈfrɛʃt ðə hoʊm peɪʤ θru hɪz ˈbraʊzər. sɪns ðə ˈfənəl rɪˈpɔrt ʃoʊ lup back’*’, ɪt wʊd ʃoʊ: ən ˈɛntrəns tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ə kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ən ˈɛksət frəm ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ənd ən ˈɛksət frəm ðə hoʊm peɪʤ tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə hoʊm peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə cart’*’ peɪʤ ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ɔl əv ðɪs ˈhæpənd ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl wɛb ˈsɛʃən. wi kən ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈklud ðət tu backs’*’ əˈkərd ɪn ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ. wən lup bæk əˈkərd wɪn ðə ˈjuzər wɛnt bæk tɪ hoʊm peɪʤ frəm ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ. ðə ˈsɛkənd lup bæk əˈkərd wɪn ðə ˈjuzər wɛnt bæk tɪ ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ frəm ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. sɪns ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ʃoʊ back’*’, ɪt wʊd ʃoʊ: ən ˈɛntrəns tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ə kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ən ˈɛksət frəm ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ənd ən ˈɛksət frəm ðə hoʊm peɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ. 2 ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ʃoʊz kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən ˈoʊnli frəm ðə ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə cart’*’ peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈkɑnˌtækt ˈjuˈɛs peɪʤ ɔl əv ðɪs ˈhæpənd ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl wɛb ˈsɛʃən. wi kən ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈklud ðət noʊ back’*’ əˈkərd ɪn ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ, ɛz ðə ˈjuzər dɪd nɑt rɪˈtərn tɪ ˈɛni ˈpriviəs stɛp ɪn ðə ˈfənəl. ðə ˈfənəl rɪˈpɔrt wʊd ʃoʊ: 1 ən ˈɛntrəns frəm ðə peɪʤ tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. (ðə rɪˈpɔrt ʃoʊ kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən frəm ðə peɪʤ tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz peɪʤ ɪz nɑt wən əv ðə ˈfənəl page/step*) 2 ə kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ frəm ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. 3 ən ˈɛksət frəm ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ tɪ ðə us’*’ peɪʤ. sɪns ðə us’*’ peɪʤ ɪz nɑt wən əv ðə ˈfənəl peɪʤ, ðə rɪˈpɔrt ʃoʊ kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈkɑnˌtækt us’*’ peɪʤ. ˌɪnˈstɛd ɪt wɪl ʃoʊ ˈjuzər ˈɛksət frəm ðə ˈfənəl tɪ ðə us’*’ peɪʤ. 3 ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks rɪˈpɔrts ðə ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz ɪn ðə ˈɔrdər ðeɪ wər sɛt əp, nɑt ɪn ðə ˈɔrdər ðeɪ wər vjud kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə cart’*’ peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈkɑnˌtækt ˈjuˈɛs peɪʤ. ɔl əv ðɪs ˈhæpənd ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl wɛb ˈsɛʃən. wi kən ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈklud ðət noʊ back’*’ əˈkərd ɪn ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ, ɛz ðə ˈjuzər dɪd nɑt rɪˈtərn tɪ ˈɛni ˈpriviəs stɛp ɪn ðə ˈfənəl. ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt wʊd ʃoʊ: ən ˈɛntrəns frəm ðə peɪʤ tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ə kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ən ˈɛksət frəm ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ tɪ ðə us’*’ peɪʤ. ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈsɪmpli ʧɛks, ˈwɛðər ə ˈfənəl peɪʤ wɑz vjud ˈdʊrɪŋ ə wɛb ˈsɛʃən ənd ɪf ɪt wɑz, ðɛn ðət ɪz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ɪn ðə ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ ju sɛt əp jʊr ˈfənəl, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ðə ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz ˈæˌkʧuəli vjud ðə ˈfənəl. 4 ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt fər ə ˈjuzər wɪθ ˈməltəpəl wɛb ˈsɛʃənz kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ɪn ðə fərst wɛb ˈsɛʃən: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə hoʊm peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ. ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd wɛb ˈsɛʃən: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə hoʊm peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt peɪʤ. wi kən ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈklud ðət noʊ back’*’ əˈkərd, bɪˈkəz ðə ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd bæk tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ənd bæk tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ, ɪn ə ˈdɪfərənt wɛb ˈsɛʃən. ˌhaʊˈɛvər sɪns ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ənd ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt ˈpeɪʤɪz wər vjud ɪn tu ˈdɪfərənt wɛb ˈsɛʃənz, ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər boʊθ hoʊm peɪʤ ənd ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt ˈpeɪʤɪz wʊd bi 2 wɛˈræz ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt peɪʤ wʊd bi 1 ɛz ɪt ɪz vjud ɪn ˈoʊnli wən wɛb ˈsɛʃən (ər ˈvɪzɪt). 5 ə ˈjuzər ˈskɪpɪŋ ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈfənəl peɪʤ kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə hoʊm peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə review’*’ peɪʤ. noʊt: ðə ˈjuzər dɪd nɑt ˈnævəˌgeɪt tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ənd ðəs skɪpt ɪt. wɪn ə ˈjuzər skɪps wən əv ðə stɛps ɪn ə ˈfənəl, wɪʧ kəmz ˈæftər ðə stɛp, æt wɪʧ ðə ˈjuzər ˈɛnərd ðə ˈfənəl, ðɛn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ðə skɪpt stɛp. hir, ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ɪz ðə skɪpt stɛp, wɪʧ kəmz ˈæftər ðə hoʊm peɪʤ (ðə stɛp æt wɪʧ ðə ˈjuzər ˈɛnərd ðə ˈfənəl) ənd hɛns ɪt wɪl bi baɪ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. soʊ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt wʊd ʃoʊ: ən ˈɛntrəns tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt peɪʤ kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈɔrdər ˌrivˈju peɪʤ. 6 ə ˈjuzər ˈskɪpɪŋ ˈməltəpəl ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈɔrdər ˌrivˈju peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə purchase’*’ peɪʤ (wɪʧ ɪz ðə goʊl peɪʤ). noʊt: ðə ˈjuzər dɪd nɑt ˈnævəˌgeɪt tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ənd ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈpeɪʤɪz ənd kəmˈplitɪd skɪpt ðɛm. sɪns ðə hoʊm peɪʤ ɪz ðə skɪpt ˈfənəl stɛp wɪʧ kəmz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə cart’*’ peɪʤ (ðə stɛp æt wɪʧ ðə ˈjuzər ˈɛnərd ðə ˈfənəl), ɪt wɪl nɑt bi baɪ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. soʊ ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər ðə hoʊm peɪʤ wʊd bi 0 ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt peɪʤ ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə skɪpt ˈfənəl stɛp bət ɪt kəmz ˈæftər ðə cart’*’ peɪʤ (ðə stɛp æt wɪʧ ðə ˈjuzər ˈɛnərd ðə ˈfənəl), ˈðɛrˌfɔr ɪt wɪl bi baɪ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. soʊ ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik fər ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt peɪʤ wʊd bi 1 soʊ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt wʊd ʃoʊ: ən ˈɛntrəns tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ. kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt peɪʤ. kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈɔrdər ˌrivˈju peɪʤ. kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə purchase’*’ peɪʤ. 7 ə ˈjuzər rɪˈpitɪŋ ðə goʊl ˈfənəl kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə hoʊm peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə əˈbaʊt ˈjuˈɛs peɪʤ. ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə saɪn əp peɪʤ (wɪʧ ɪz ðə goʊl peɪʤ). ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd bæk tɪ ðə hoʊm peɪʤ. ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd bæk tɪ ðə ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp peɪʤ. ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd bæk tɪ ðə saɪn əp peɪʤ bət ðɪs taɪm ɔn bɪˈhæf əv hɪz waɪf. soʊ hir ðə ˈjuzər həz rɪˈpitɪd ðə ˈfənəl twaɪs ənd kəmˈplitɪd ðə goʊl kənˈvərʒən (signup*) twaɪs. bət ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ə goʊl ɪz ˈɪnkrəˌmɛntɪd ˈoʊnli wəns ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈsɛʃən. soʊ noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz ðə ˈjuzər fər ðə ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp, ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl wɛb ˈsɛʃən, ju wɪl si ˈoʊnli wən 1 ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. ðə goʊl wɪl bi ˈɪnkrəˌmɛntɪd ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt, fər ðə seɪm ˈjuzər, ˈoʊnli wɪn hi ˈkɑnvərts əˈgɛn ɪn ə ˈdɪfərənt wɛb ˈsɛʃən. 8 ə ˈjuzər rɪˈpitɪŋ ðə seɪlz ˈfənəl kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfənəl sɛt əp: hir, frəm ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ əv ðə ˈjuzər, wi kən kənˈklud ðət: ðə ˈjuzər ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈviə ðə ˈbɪlɪŋ peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈʃɪpɪŋ peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈpeɪmənt peɪʤ ˈjuzər ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈpərʧəs peɪʤ (wɪʧ ɪz ðə goʊl peɪʤ) ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈbɪlɪŋ peɪʤ ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈʃɪpɪŋ peɪʤ ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈpeɪmənt peɪʤ ˈjuzər əˈgɛn ˈnævəˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈpərʧəs peɪʤ (wɪʧ ɪz ðə goʊl peɪʤ) soʊ hir ðə ˈjuzər həz rɪˈpitɪd ðə seɪlz ˈfənəl twaɪs ənd pleɪst ðə ˈɔrdər twaɪs. ɪf ə ˈjuzər pleɪs tu ər mɔr ˈdɪfərənt ˈɔrdərz ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈsɛʃən, ðɛn ðeɪ ər ˈkaʊntɪd baɪ ˈʤɔrʤə ɛz juˈnik goʊlz, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˈwɛðər ðə ˈɔrdər wɑz pleɪst ɪn ðə seɪm ər ˈdɪfərənt ˈsɛʃən. soʊ ɪn ðə keɪs əv seɪlz ˈfənəl, ə goʊl wɪl bi ˈɪnkrəˌmɛntɪd ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt, fər ðə seɪm ˈjuzər, ˈɛvəri taɪm ˈpleɪsɪz ə nu ˈɔrdər, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˈwɛðər ðə ˈɔrdər wɑz pleɪst ɪn ðə seɪm ər ˈdɪfərənt wɛb ˈsɛʃən. 9 ˈɔlˌweɪz ˌsɛgˈmɛnt ðə ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈfənəl ˈdætə frəm ðə rɪˈpɔrt bɪˈloʊ, wi kən kənˈklud ðət ˈoʊnli əv 8266 ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz (nɑt ˈtɛknɪkəli ˈjuzərz) prəˈsidəd tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ: soʊ ɪf wi kən meɪk mɔr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz, tɪ riʧ tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ, wi kən ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt mɔr seɪlz. naʊ ðə ˈprɑbləm ɪz, wi noʊ wɪʧ ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz (ˈwɛðər ˈjuzərz frəm ɔrˈgænɪk sərʧ, peɪd sərʧ, iˈmeɪl kæmˈpeɪn ər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˌɛtˈsɛtərə) ər ˈɛgzɪtɪŋ ðə ˈfənəl ɪn greɪt ˈnəmbərz. wɪˈθaʊt ðɪs ˈfənəl, ðɛr ɪz noʊ weɪ wi kən dɪˈtərmən ðə meɪn ˈrizən əv users’*’ drɔp ɔf frəm ðə hoʊm peɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt peɪʤ. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks əˈlaʊ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə flaɪ ˈviə ədˈvænst ˌsɛgˈmɛnts. wɪn ju ˈmɑdəˌfaɪ ən ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈfənəl ˈsɛˌtəp ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks, ju bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ si hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈdætə fər ðət ˈfənəl. ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ˈoʊnli ʃoʊz ˈdætə goʊɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd. ɪt ʃoʊ ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪv ˈdætə. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd haʊ ˈdɪfərənt ˈtræfɪk ˌsɛgˈmɛnts ˈkɑnvərt ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks, ju nid tɪ ˌsɛgˈmɛnt ðə ˈfənəlz. ˈfɑloʊ ðə stɛps bɪˈloʊ: kriˈeɪt ˈfɪltərd vjuz (ˈproʊˌfaɪlz) fər iʧ əv ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈtræfɪk ˈsɔrsəz: ɔrˈgænɪk sərʧ ˈtræfɪk peɪd sərʧ ˈtræfɪk rɪˈfərəl ˈtræfɪk dɪˈrɛkt ˈtræfɪk ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˈmoʊbəl ˈtræfɪk ˈtæblət ˈtræfɪk ˈdɛskˌtɑp ˈtræfɪk sɛt əp goʊlz ənd ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz fər iʧ ˈfɪltərd vju. weɪt fər æt list ə mənθ, soʊ ðət ɪˈnəf ˈtræfɪk ˈdætə populates*, ˈɪntu ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt əv iʧ ˈfɪltərd vju. wəns ðə 30 deɪz əv ˈdætə həz ˈpɑpjəˌleɪtəd ˈɪntu ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrts, ju ər ˈrɛdi tɪ ˌɪnˈtərprət ˈfənəl fər iʧ ˈtræfɪk sɔrs. noʊt: wɪn ju juz ðə deɪt kəmˈpɛrəsən ˈfiʧər əv ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt, ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ʃoʊ ju ðə ˈdɪfərəns fər ˈdɪfərənt ˈfənəl stɛps. ɪt ˈoʊnli ʃoʊ ju ðə ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ðə ˈtoʊtəl kənˈvərʒən reɪt fər ðə ˈfənəl goʊl. 10 ˈnɛvər ˌɪgˈnɔr ˈdætə ˈsæmplɪŋ ˈɪʃuz waɪl ˈrɛdɪŋ ˈfənəl rɪˈpɔrt ɪf ju ˈmænɪʤ ə haɪ ˈtræfɪk ˈwɛbˌsaɪt (ˈmɪljən əv iʧ mənθ) ðɛn ju ˈsɪmpli əˈfɔrd tɪ ˌɪgˈnɔr ˈdætə ˈsæmplɪŋ ˈɪʃuz. wɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ɪz ˈsæmplɪŋ jʊr ˈdætə ˈbædli, ju ˈblaɪndli rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ðə ˈmɛtrɪks ˌriˈpɔrtəd baɪ ɪt. ðɛn ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ə strɔŋ ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti, ðət ðə ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈmɛtrɪks ər 10 tɪ 80 ɔf ðə mɑrk. ɪf jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ɪz beɪst ɔn mɔr ðən ˈsɛʃənz ðɛn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈsæmpəl ðə ˈdætə, ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ju juz ˈʤɔrʤə ˈprimiəm. soʊ ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ fɪks ˈdætə ˈsæmplɪŋ ˈɪʃuz, rən ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt, fər ˈʃɔrtər taɪm freɪm wɪʧ ʃʊd ˌɪnˈklud lɛs ðən ˈsɛʃənz. tɪ lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ˈdætə ˈsæmplɪŋ ˈɪʃuz ɪn ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks, rɛd ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl: ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈdætə ˈsæmplɪŋ kəmˈplit gaɪd 11 ˈnɛvər juz ə smɔl taɪm freɪm ənd ə smɔl ˈdætə sɛt fər jʊr ˈfənəl æˈnælɪsɪs ˈmɛni ˌmɑrkətərz teɪk ˈmɑrkətɪŋ dɪˈsɪʒənz beɪst ɔn smɔl taɪm freɪm ər smɔl ˈdætə sɛt. ju dɪˈtərmən ðə bɛst kənˈvərʒən pæθ juzd baɪ jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz ənd ðɛn ˈɑptɪˌmaɪz jʊr kənˈvərʒən ˈfənəl, ʤɪst ɔn ðə ˈbeɪsɪs əv fju wiks əv ˈdætə ər ˈhændˌfʊl əv kənˈvərʒənz. ju nid æt list wən mənθ əv ˈdætə ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ˌbiˈfɔr ju kən teɪk ˈmɑrkətɪŋ dɪˈsɪʒənz ər ˈivɪn kənˈsɪdər ˈfənəl ɑptɪmɪˈzeɪʃən. ɪf ju hæv ə loʊ ˈtræfɪk ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, ˈgɪtɪŋ ɪˈnəf kənˈvərʒənz ɪn ðə dɪˈzaɪərd taɪm freɪm ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt. jʊr bɛst bɛt ɪz, tɪ baɪ səm ˈɛkstrə ˈtræfɪk (ˈviə ər ædz ɔn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə) soʊ ðət ju kən ˈvælədeɪt jʊr ˈfæstər. meɪk ʃʊr ðət ju ˈɔlˌweɪz juz dɪˈskrɪptɪv neɪmz fər ˈfənəl stɛps ɛz ðeɪ ʃoʊ əp ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrts. juz ə neɪm wɪʧ dɪˈskraɪbz wət ðə goʊl /ˈfənəl peɪʤ ɪz ɔl əˈbaʊt. juz neɪmz laɪk ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. 12 ðə ˌɪmˈpækt əv ˈfənəl ɔn kənˈvərʒən reɪt ənd kənˈvərʒən ˈvɑljum ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌɪmˈpækt əv ðə ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz stɛps ju kriˈeɪt, ˈiðər ɔn ðə kənˈvərʒən reɪt (boʊθ goʊl kənˈvərʒən reɪt ənd kənˈvərʒən reɪt) ər ɔn ðə kənˈvərʒən ˈvɑljum (laɪk goʊl kəmˈpliʃənz, ˈnəmbər əv ˈɔrdərz) ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. ðə ˈfənəlz ju dɪˈfaɪn əˈfɛkt ˈoʊnli jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrts. ðə ˈəðər θɪŋ wɪʧ ɪz wərθ ˈmɛnʃənɪŋ ɪz ðət ðə ˈfənəl kənˈvərʒən reɪt ɪz nɑt ðə seɪm ɛz goʊl kənˈvərʒən reɪt ər kənˈvərʒən reɪt. ðə ˈfənəl kənˈvərʒən reɪt ɪz ðə pərˈsɛnɪʤ əv ˈfənəl ˈsɛʃənz wɪʧ rɪˈzəlt ɪn kənˈvərʒənz. ðiz kənˈvərʒənz kən bi goʊl kənˈvərʒənz ər trænˈzækʃənz. ˈfənəl kənˈvərʒən reɪt (ˈtoʊtəl ˈfənəl ˈsɛʃənz) 100 fər ɪgˈzæmpəl: hir ðə ˈfənəl kənˈvərʒən reɪt ɪz ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd ɛz: ˈtoʊtəl ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈfənəl ˈsɛʃənz 100 noʊt: goʊl əˈbændənmənt reɪt kənˈvərʒən reɪt kwɪk ˈriˌkæp əv tɪps fər kərˈɛktli ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ɪn ˈʤɔrʤə 1 ɪn ˈʤɔrʤə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt, ðə ˈnəmbərz ðət ju si ər juˈnik ənd nɑt ðə ˈnəmbər əv 2 ðə ˈnəmbər əv juˈnik ɪz nɑt ˈikwəl tɪ ˈnəmbər əv ˈjuzərz. 3 ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt dɪz nɑt ʃoʊ ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈvərʒən pæθ ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ə ˈjuzər 4 ə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt dɪz nɑt ʃoʊ lup bæks (i.e*. goʊɪŋ bæk tɪ ðə ˈpriviəs ˈfənəl stɛps). 5 ə back’*’ ɪz nɑt ˈkaʊntɪd, ɪf ðə seɪm ˈfənəl peɪʤ ɪz vjud ɪn tu ər mɔr ˈdɪfərənt ˈʤɔrʤə ˈsɛʃənz. 6 ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ʃoʊz kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən ˈoʊnli frəm ðə ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz. 7 ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks rɪˈpɔrt ðə ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz, ɪn ðə ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ ðeɪ wər sɛt əp, nɑt ɪn ðə ˈɔrdər, ðeɪ wər vjud. 8 ðə ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ ju hæv sɛt əp jʊr ˈfənəlz stɛps ɪn ˈʤɔrʤə, ɪz ðə ˈɔrdər ɪn wɪʧ jʊr ˈfənəl stɛps wɪl əˈpɪr ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. 9 ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt ˈsɪmpli ʃoʊ ðə ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz ðət wər vjud ɪn ə wɛb session(s*). 10 ˈʤɔrʤə ðoʊz skɪpt ˈfənəl stɛps wɪʧ kəm ˈæftər ðə ˈfənəl stɛp, ðət wɑz vjud ɪn ə wɛb ˈsɛʃən. 11 ˈʤɔrʤə dɪz nɑt ðoʊz skɪpt ˈfənəl stɛps wɪʧ kəm ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈfənəl stɛp, ðət wɑz vjud ɪn ə wɛb ˈsɛʃən. 12 ə goʊl ɪz ˈkaʊntɪd ˈoʊnli wəns ɪn ə wɛb ˈsɛʃən noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz ə ˈjuzər kəmˈplits ðət goʊl. 13 ðə goʊl wɪl bi ˈɪnkrəˌmɛntɪd ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt, fər ðə seɪm ˈjuzər, ˈoʊnli wɪn ˈkɑnvərts əˈgɛn ɪn ə ˈdɪfərənt wɛb ˈsɛʃən. 14 ə goʊl wɪl bi ˈɪnkrəˌmɛntɪd ɪn ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt, fər ðə seɪm ˈjuzər, ˈɛvəri taɪm ˈpleɪsɪz ə nu ˈɔrdər, rəˈgɑrdləs əv ˈwɛðər ðə ˈɔrdər wɑz pleɪst ɪn ðə seɪm ər ˈdɪfərənt wɛb ˈsɛʃən. 15 ˈɔlˌweɪz ˌsɛgˈmɛnt ðə ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈfənəl ˈdætə. 16 ˈnɛvər ˌɪgˈnɔr ˈdætə ˈsæmplɪŋ ˈɪʃuz waɪl ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. 17 ˈnɛvər juz smɔl taɪm freɪm ənd smɔl ˈdætə sɛt fər jʊr ˈfənəl æˈnælɪsɪs. 18 ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌɪmˈpækt əv ðə ˈfənəl ˈpeɪʤɪz stɛps ju kriˈeɪt, ˈiðər ɔn ðə kənˈvərʒən reɪt (boʊθ goʊl kənˈvərʒən reɪt ənd kənˈvərʒən reɪt) ər ɔn ðə kənˈvərʒən ˈvɑljum (laɪk goʊl kəmˈpliʃənz, ˈnəmbər əv ˈɔrdərz) ɪn jʊr ˈfənəl ˌvɪʒwələˈzeɪʃən rɪˈpɔrt. ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks seɪlz ˈfənəlz ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˌɪnˈkris seɪlz ju nid tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət ˈfɑloʊɪŋ 2 ækˈtɪvɪtiz ˈhæpən ɔn jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ɛz ˈɔfən ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl: ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz æd ˈaɪtəmz tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt. ðə ˈjuzərz hu hæv ˈædɪd ˈaɪtəmz tɪ ðɛr ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt meɪk ə ˈpərʧəs. ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ɛnˈhænst ˈprɑdəkt pərˈfɔrməns rɪˈpɔrt prəˈvaɪd ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈmɛtrɪks θru wɪʧ ju kən ˈɑptɪˌmaɪz jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt seɪlz ˈfənəl: 1 kɑrt tɪ ˈditeɪl reɪt ɪt ɪz ðə reɪt æt wɪʧ ˈjuzərz æd ˈprɑdəkt tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt ˈæftər vjuɪŋ ðə ˈprɑdəkt ˈditeɪlz. 2 baɪ tɪ ˈditeɪl reɪt ɪt ðə reɪt æt wɪʧ ˈjuzərz baɪ ˈprɑdəkts ˈæftər vjuɪŋ ðə ˈprɑdəkt ˈditeɪlz. 3 ˈprɑdəkt ædz tɪ kɑrt ɪt ɪz ðə ˈnəmbər əv taɪmz ə ˈprɑdəkt wɑz ˈædɪd tɪ ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt. 4 ˈprɑdəkt riˈmuvz frəm kɑrt ɪt ɪz ðə ˈnəmbər əv taɪmz ə ˈprɑdəkt wɑz riˈmuvd frəm ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt. 5 ˈprɑdəkt ˈʧɛˌkaʊts ˈnəmbər əv taɪmz ə ˈprɑdəkt wɑz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈprɔˌsɛs. tɪps tɪ ˌɪnˈkris jʊr ædz tɪ cart’*’ reɪt ju ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz wɪl æd ˈprɑdəkts tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt wɪn: 1 ju sɛnd ˈhaɪli ˈtɑrgətɪd ˈtræfɪk tɪ ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. ðɪs ɪz wən əv ðə meɪn rɪkˈwaɪrmənts. 2 jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ɪz ˈvɪʒwəli əˈpilɪŋ. dɪˈzaɪn ˈmætərz ə lɔt. 3 jʊr ˈprɑdəkts ər ɛnˈtaɪsɪŋ. 4 jʊr ˈɔfərz kriˈeɪt ə sɛns əv ˈərʤənsi. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl: ɪn ðə nɛkst 2 aʊərz ənd gɪt 5 jʊr ˈlændɪŋ ˈpeɪʤɪz hæv gɑt klɪr kɔl tɪ ˈækʃən. 6 jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt həz gɑt noʊ ˈmeɪʤər ˈɪʃuz 7 jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪt həz gɑt noʊ ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti ˈɪʃuz ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ jʊr ædz tɪ cart’*’ reɪt tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðə ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti əv ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪŋ mɔr seɪlz. noʊt: meɪk ʃʊr ðət ju ˌsɛgˈmɛnt ðə ædz tɪ cart’*’ reɪt tɪ ɪts moʊst ˈgrænjələr ˈlɛvəl ˌbiˈfɔr ju ˌɪnˈtərprət ɪt. ɔl ðə ˈdætə ɪn ˈægrəgət fɔrm ɪz kræp. tɪps tɪ rɪˈdus ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt əˈbændənmənt reɪt ˈæskɪŋ ˈpipəl tɪ æd ˈaɪtəmz tɪ ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt ɪz ðə ˈizi bɪt. ˈæskɪŋ ðɛm tɪ kəmˈplit ðə ˈpərʧəs ɪz hɑrd. ɪf ju wɔnt ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈjuzərz hu hæv ˈædɪd ˈaɪtəmz tɪ ðɛr ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt, tɪ meɪk ə ˈpərʧəs ðɛn gɪv ðɛm ˈnæsti səˈpraɪzɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈprɔˌsɛs. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ər ðə tɔp ˈrizənz fər haɪ ˈʧɛˌkaʊt reɪt ənd haʊ ju kən rɪˈdus ðə əˈbændənmənt: 1 ə ˈvɛri ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈprɔˌsɛs iʧ əˈdɪʃənəl ˈfənəl stɛp, gɪvz ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ə ˈkəstəmər tɪ liv ðə ˈfənəl ənd nɑt ˈkɑnvərt. ˈðɛrˌfɔr ju ʃʊd eɪm tɪ ˈmɪnəˌmaɪz ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈfənəl stɛps. 2 ˈhɪdən ˈʧɑrʤɪz ˈɛni ˈɛkstrə ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈprɔˌsɛs, kən ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli pʊt ɔf ə ˈkəstəmər ənd kən kɔz ɪm tɪ ˈɛksət ðə ˈfənəl ˈstreɪtəˌweɪ. ˈðɛrˌfɔr bi ˈəpˌfrənt wɪθ jʊr ˈpraɪsɪz ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. 3 fɔrst ˌrɛʤɪˈstreɪʃən ɪt ɪz wən əv ðə bɛst weɪ, tɪ pʊt ɔf ə ˈkəstəmər frəm kənˈvərtɪŋ. ˈnɛvər fɔrs ə ˈpərsən tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ kəmˈplit ə ˈpərʧəs. æsk ɪm tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər ˈoʊnli ˈæftər ðə seɪl həz bɪn meɪd. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈpipəl ˈkɑnvərt ʤɪst bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər. fər səʧ ˈpipəl prəˈvaɪd ə gɛst ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈɔpʃən. jʊr fərst praɪˈɔrəti ʃʊd ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪŋ ðə seɪl. 4 aʊt əv stɑk ˈprɑdəkt ðə læst θɪŋ ju wɔnt jʊr pəˈtɛnʃəl klaɪənt tɪ du, ɪz tɪ æd ə ˈprɑdəkt tɪ hɪz ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt, wɪʧ ɪz aʊt əv stɑk ənd hi kəmz tɪ noʊ əˈbaʊt ɪt, ˈoʊnli ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt. meɪk ʃʊr ðət ðə aʊt əv stɑk ˈprɑdəkts bi ˈædɪd tɪ ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt baɪ ˈɛni ˈpərsən. 5 pliz ˈɔlsoʊ baɪ ðɪs ənd that…*… krɔs pərˈmoʊʃən kən rɪˈzəlt ɪn ˌɪnˈkris seɪlz wɪn dən ɪn ə ˈmɑdərˌeɪt əˈmaʊnt. bət wɪn ju traɪ tɪ ʃəv ˈməltəpəl ˈprɑdəkts daʊn ə θroʊt, ɪt kən pʊt ɪm ɔf frəm kənˈvərtɪŋ. ɪz ˈprɪti noʊˈtɔriəs ɪn krɔs prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ɪts ˈprɑdəkts. ju traɪ tɪ baɪ wən doʊˈmeɪn ənd ɪt wɪl traɪ tɪ ʃəv ˈɛvəri ˈprɑdəkt ɪn ɪts ˈkætəˌlɔg raɪt daʊn jʊr θroʊt. əˈvɔɪd duɪŋ tu məʧ upselling*. 6 du nɑt æsk seɪm ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈməltəpəl taɪmz wɪn ju æsk seɪm ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈməltəpəl taɪmz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt, ju ər ˈlɪtərəli ˈtɛlɪŋ jʊr ˈkəstəmərz tɪ ˈɛksət ðə ˈfənəl raɪt naʊ, ər aɪ wɪl hɔnt ju baɪ ˈæskɪŋ seɪm kˈwɛʃən ˈoʊvər ənd ˈoʊvər əˈgɛn. meɪk ʃʊr ðət ju du nɑt æsk seɪm ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈgɛn 7 ju məst kəˈlɛkt ˈjuzərz iˈmeɪl ˈæˈdrɛsɪz ɪn ðə fərst fju stɛps əv ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈprɔˌsɛs soʊ ðət ju kən juz ðə iˈmeɪl ˈleɪtər, fər riˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˈpərpəs, ɪn keɪs ðə ˈjuzər əˈbændən ðə ˈʃɑpɪŋ kɑrt. riˈmɑrkətɪŋ ɪz ˈpruvən tɛkˈnik tɪ ˈdiˌkris ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt əˈbændənmənt reɪt. 8 pur ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən ˈsəmˌtaɪmz pur ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən dɪz nɑt əˈlaʊ ə ˈpərsən tɪ goʊ bæk tɪ ə ˈfənəl stɛp tɪ meɪk səm ˈʧeɪnʤɪz. ɪn səʧ keɪs, hi kən ˈiðər ʧuz tɪ riˈstɑrt ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈprɔˌsɛs ər ˈɛksət ðə ˈfənəl fər gʊd. lɔt əv ˈpipəl ʧuz ðə ˈleɪtər ˈɔpʃən. 9 ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈpeɪmənt ˈɔpʃənz ðə wərst θɪŋ jʊr ˈkəstəmər kʊd ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈʧɛˌkaʊt, ɪz ðət, hɪz dɪˈzaɪərd ˈpeɪmənt ˈɔpʃən (laɪk paypal*) ɪz nɑt əˈveɪləbəl. soʊ ˈivɪn wɪn hi wɑz ˈrɛdi tɪ peɪ, hi kʊd nɑt peɪ tɪ ju. soʊ prəˈvaɪd ɛz ˈmɛni ˈpeɪmənt ˈɔpʃənz ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. 10 ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈɛrərz ˈɛni ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈɛrər kən kɔz jʊr ˈkəstəmər tɪ lus ɔl ðə fɪld ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ə fɔrm. ˈfɔrsɪŋ jʊr ˈkəstəmər tɪ ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ə faɪər ʃɑt weɪ tɪ lus ɪm fər gʊd. soʊ ˈɔlˌweɪz meɪk ʃʊr ðət jʊr ˈʧɛˌkaʊt ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz ˈɛrər fri. ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt əˈbændənmənt reɪt ɪz ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd ɛz 100 ˈtoʊtəl ˈnəmbər əv ˈɔrdərz pleɪst ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ðə ˈtoʊtəl ˈnəmbər əv klɪks ɔn ðə ‘‘checkout’*’ ˈbətən) 100 ju ʃʊd eɪm tɪ kip jʊr ˈʧɛˌkaʊt əˈbændənmənt reɪt ɛz loʊ ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈbɛtər ˌəndərˈstænd ðə ˈʧɛˌkaʊt əˈbændənmənt reɪt, ˌsɛgˈmɛnt ðɪs ˈmɛtrɪk tɪ ɪts moʊst ˈgrænjələr ˈlɛvəl ˈjuzɪŋ ˈgugəl ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈfɪltərd vjuz. |
when sept. 11, 2001, dawned, the northeast air defense sector in rome, n.y., went on full alert to prepare for a training exercise that envisioned a sneak attack by russian planes flying over the north pole to bomb the united states, a prospect that defense secretary robert mcnamara had dismissed as outdated in 1966. later that morning, after american airlines flight 11 and united airlines flight 175 had hit the world trade center and american airlines flight 77 the pentagon, three fighter jets were scrambled from langley air force base to form a combat air patrol over washington. but degraded radio transmission quality meant that the pilots were left clueless about the nature of their mission. on seeing the pentagon in flames, the lead fighter pilot later explained, “i reverted to the russian threat. . . . thinking cruise missile threat from the sea. you know, you look down and see the pentagon burning, and i thought the bastards snuck one by us. . . . you see any airplanes, and no one told us anything.”
for all the trillions of dollars lavished on it, for all the talk about confronting new security threats, for all the exhortations to reinvent government, defense establishment, as john farmer reminds us in “the ground truth,” continued to fight the cold war more than a decade after it had ended. preoccupied with building a costly missile defense system to counter a spurious menace from russia and with maintaining “full spectrum dominance” over the rest of the globe, most bush administration officials blithely ignored the danger emanating from the caves of afghanistan, where osama bin laden and his acolytes plotted against america. confronted by a small group of mostly saudi nationals armed with box cutters, the central nervous system of the defense agencies went into a state of shock. the only decisive action taken on came not from the military, but from the courageous passengers who stormed the cockpit of united airlines flight 93, leading the hijackers to crash the plane over pennsylvania farmland before it could reach its intended target in washington.
as senior counsel to the commission, farmer, who was the attorney general of new jersey and is the dean of the rutgers school of law, investigated the derelict conduct of the national security apparatus. he was well prepared to do so. in their valuable account of the activities, “without precedent,” the commission chairman, thomas kean, and the vice chairman, lee hamilton, noted that shortly after the attacks, farmer “one of our most important hires” established a victims’ assistance center in new jersey and helped the f.b.i. uncover important evidence in garbage at newark international airport. but the efforts to reconstruct the tragedy itself were, at best, resented and, at worst, impeded by the sprawling defense bureaucracy and the bush administration, both of which had much to hide. even two reports by the inspectors general of the defense and transportation departments, released in 2006, whitewashed government failures. now that numerous transcripts and tapes have been declassified, however, farmer draws on them to assail the official depiction of as so much public relations flimflam.
perhaps nothing perturbs farmer more than the contention that officials responded quickly and effectively to the revelation that attacks were taking place. nothing, farmer indicates, could be further from the truth: president george w. bush and other officials were mostly irrelevant during the hijackings; instead, it was the commanders who made operational decisions in an ad hoc fashion. the memoirs of the white house terrorism expert richard clarke, which farmer credits with good faith, make it sound as though a dramatic that clarke led played a crucial role in organizing a response to the hijackings, but farmer says that “this account does not square in any significant respect with what occurred that morning.”
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to bolster such contentions, farmer focuses minutely on newly available transcripts from the federal aviation administration and the north american aerospace defense command (norad). he shows that, perversely enough, the one defense agency that had suffered draconian budget cuts was norad, which had seen its alert sites reduced from about two dozen to a pitiful seven and, in any case, was unable to view large areas of the continental united states owing to its antiquated radar system.
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in addition, local commanders bypassed established protocols for reporting and requesting assistance for a hijacking, in part because they had so little time in which to act. farmer superbly renders the tension and confusion engendered by the hijackings, and says the leadership of the f.a.a. and the defense department “would remain largely irrelevant to the critical decision making and unaware of the evolving situation ‘on the ground’ until the attacks were completed” thereby making it close to impossible for the military to any aircraft. | wɪn sɛpt. 11 2001 dɔnd, ðə ˌnɔrˈθist ɛr dɪˈfɛns ˈsɛktər ɪn roʊm, n.y*., wɛnt ɔn fʊl əˈlərt tɪ priˈpɛr fər ə ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ðət ɛnˈvɪʒənd ə snik əˈtæk baɪ ˈrəʃən pleɪnz flaɪɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə nɔrθ poʊl tɪ bɔm ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ə ˈprɑspɛkt ðət dɪˈfɛns ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈrɑbərt ˈmæknəˌmɛrə hæd dɪsˈmɪst ɛz ˈaʊtˌdeɪtɪd ɪn 1966 ˈleɪtər ðət ˈmɔrnɪŋ, ˈæftər əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɛˌrlaɪnz flaɪt 11 ənd juˈnaɪtɪd ˈɛˌrlaɪnz flaɪt 175 hæd hɪt ðə wərld treɪd ˈsɛnər ənd əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɛˌrlaɪnz flaɪt 77 ðə ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn, θri ˈfaɪtər ʤɛts wər ˈskræmbəld frəm ˈlæŋli ɛr fɔrs beɪs tɪ fɔrm ə ˈkɑmbæt ɛr pəˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ˈwɔʃɪŋtən. bət dɪˈgreɪdɪd ˈreɪdiˌoʊ trænzˈmɪʃən kˈwɑləti mɛnt ðət ðə ˈpaɪləts wər lɛft ˈkluləs əˈbaʊt ðə ˈneɪʧər əv ðɛr ˈmɪʃən. ɔn siɪŋ ðə ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn ɪn fleɪmz, ðə lɛd ˈfaɪtər ˈpaɪlət ˈleɪtər ɪkˈspleɪnd, rɪˈvərtɪd tɪ ðə ˈrəʃən θrɛt. ˈθɪŋkɪŋ kruz ˈmɪsəl θrɛt frəm ðə si. ju noʊ, ju lʊk daʊn ənd si ðə ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn ˈbərnɪŋ, ənd aɪ θɔt ðə ˈbæstərdz snək wən baɪ ˈjuˈɛs. ju si ˈɛni ˈɛrpleɪnz, ənd noʊ wən toʊld ˈjuˈɛs anything.”*.” fər ɔl ðə ˈtrɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz ˈlævɪʃt ɔn ɪt, fər ɔl ðə tɔk əˈbaʊt kənˈfrəntɪŋ nu sɪˈkjʊrəti θrɛts, fər ɔl ðə ˌɛgˌzɔrˈteɪʃənz tɪ ˌriɪnˈvɛnt ˈgəvərnmənt, dɪˈfɛns ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt, ɛz ʤɑn ˈfɑrmər riˈmaɪndz ˈjuˈɛs ɪn graʊnd truth,”*,” kənˈtɪnjud tɪ faɪt ðə koʊld wɔr mɔr ðən ə ˈdɛkeɪd ˈæftər ɪt hæd ˈɛndɪd. priˈɑkjəˌpaɪd wɪθ ˈbɪldɪŋ ə ˈkɔstli ˈmɪsəl dɪˈfɛns ˈsɪstəm tɪ ˈkaʊntər ə ˈspəriəs ˈmɛnɪs frəm ˈrəʃə ənd wɪθ meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ ˈspɛktrəm dominance”*” ˈoʊvər ðə rɛst əv ðə gloʊb, moʊst bʊʃ ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əˈfɪʃəlz ˈblaɪθli ˌɪgˈnɔrd ðə ˈdeɪnʤər ˈɛməˌneɪtɪŋ frəm ðə keɪvz əv æfˈgænəˌstæn, wɛr oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən ənd hɪz ˈækəˌlaɪts ˈplɑtɪd əˈgɛnst əˈmɛrɪkə. kənˈfrəntɪd baɪ ə smɔl grup əv ˈmoʊstli ˈsɔdi ˈnæʃənəlz ɑrmd wɪθ bɑks ˈkətərz, ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈnərvəs ˈsɪstəm əv ðə dɪˈfɛns ˈeɪʤənsiz wɛnt ˈɪntu ə steɪt əv ʃɑk. ðə ˈoʊnli dɪˈsaɪsɪv ˈækʃən ˈteɪkən ɔn keɪm nɑt frəm ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri, bət frəm ðə kərˈeɪʤəs ˈpæsənʤərz hu stɔrmd ðə ˈkɑkˌpɪt əv juˈnaɪtɪd ˈɛˌrlaɪnz flaɪt 93 ˈlidɪŋ ðə ˈhaɪˌʤækərz tɪ kræʃ ðə pleɪn ˈoʊvər ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə ˈfɑrmˌlænd ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt kʊd riʧ ɪts ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd ˈtərgət ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən. ɛz ˈsinjər ˈkaʊnsəl tɪ ðə kəˈmɪʃən, ˈfɑrmər, hu wɑz ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl əv nu ˈʤərzi ənd ɪz ðə din əv ðə ˈrətgərz skul əv lɔ, ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd ðə ˈdɛrəˌlɪkt ˈkɑndəkt əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌæpərˈætəs. hi wɑz wɛl priˈpɛrd tɪ du soʊ. ɪn ðɛr ˈvæljəbəl əˈkaʊnt əv ðə ækˈtɪvɪtiz, precedent,”*,” ðə kəˈmɪʃən ˈʧɛrmən, ˈtɑməs kin, ənd ðə vaɪs ˈʧɛrmən, li ˈhæməltən, ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ðə əˈtæks, ˈfɑrmər əv ɑr moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt hires”*” ə victims’*’ əˈsɪstəns ˈsɛnər ɪn nu ˈʤərzi ənd hɛlpt ðə f.b.i*. ənˈkəvər ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈɛvədəns ɪn ˈgɑrbɪʤ æt nuərk ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈɛrˌpɔrt. bət ðə ˈɛfərts tɪ ˌrikənˈstrəkt ðə ˈtræʤədi ˌɪtˈsɛlf wər, æt bɛst, riˈzɛnəd ənd, æt wərst, ˌɪmˈpidɪd baɪ ðə ˈsprɔlɪŋ dɪˈfɛns bjʊˈrɑkrəsi ənd ðə bʊʃ ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən, boʊθ əv wɪʧ hæd məʧ tɪ haɪd. ˈivɪn tu rɪˈpɔrts baɪ ðə ˌɪnˈspɛktərz ˈʤɛnərəl əv ðə dɪˈfɛns ənd ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən dɪˈpɑrtmənts, riˈlist ɪn 2006 ˈwaɪtˌwɑʃt ˈgəvərnmənt ˈfeɪljərz. naʊ ðət ˈnumərəs ˈtrænˌskrɪpts ənd teɪps hæv bɪn dɪˈklæsəˌfaɪd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈfɑrmər drɔz ɔn ðɛm tɪ əˈseɪl ðə əˈfɪʃəl dɪˈpɪkʃən əv ɛz soʊ məʧ ˈpəblɪk riˈleɪʃənz ˈflɪmˌflæm. pərˈhæps ˈnəθɪŋ pərˈtərbz ˈfɑrmər mɔr ðən ðə kənˈtɛnʃən ðət əˈfɪʃəlz rɪˈspɑndɪd kˈwɪkli ənd ˈifɛktɪvli tɪ ðə ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃən ðət əˈtæks wər ˈteɪkɪŋ pleɪs. ˈnəθɪŋ, ˈfɑrmər ˈɪndɪˌkeɪts, kʊd bi ˈfərðər frəm ðə truθ: ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ ənd ˈəðər əˈfɪʃəlz wər ˈmoʊstli ˌɪˈrɛləvənt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈhaɪˌʤækɪŋz; ˌɪnˈstɛd, ɪt wɑz ðə kəˈmændərz hu meɪd ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənəl dɪˈsɪʒənz ɪn ən æd hɑk ˈfæʃən. ðə ˈmɛmˌwɑrz əv ðə waɪt haʊs ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ˈɛkspərt ˈrɪʧərd klɑrk, wɪʧ ˈfɑrmər ˈkrɛdɪts wɪθ gʊd feɪθ, meɪk ɪt saʊnd ɛz ðoʊ ə drəˈmætɪk ðət klɑrk lɛd pleɪd ə ˈkruʃəl roʊl ɪn ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzɪŋ ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə ˈhaɪˌʤækɪŋz, bət ˈfɑrmər sɪz ðət əˈkaʊnt dɪz nɑt skwɛr ɪn ˈɛni sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt rɪˈspɛkt wɪθ wət əˈkərd ðət morning.”*.” ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri tɪ ˈboʊlstər səʧ kənˈtɛnʃənz, ˈfɑrmər ˈfoʊkɪsɪz ˈmɪnətli ɔn ˈnuli əˈveɪləbəl ˈtrænˌskrɪpts frəm ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ənd ðə nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɛroʊˌspeɪs dɪˈfɛns kəˈmænd (norad*). hi ʃoʊz ðət, pərˈvərsli ɪˈnəf, ðə wən dɪˈfɛns ˈeɪʤənsi ðət hæd ˈsəfərd drəˈkoʊniən ˈbəʤɪt kəts wɑz norad*, wɪʧ hæd sin ɪts əˈlərt saɪts rɪˈdust frəm əˈbaʊt tu ˈdəzən tɪ ə ˈpɪtəfəl ˈsɛvən ənd, ɪn ˈɛni keɪs, wɑz əˈneɪbəl tɪ vju lɑrʤ ˈɛriəz əv ðə ˌkɑntəˈnɛnəl juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts oʊɪŋ tɪ ɪts ˈæntəkˌweɪtɪd ˈreɪˌdɑr ˈsɪstəm. ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ˈloʊkəl kəˈmændərz ˈbaɪˌpæst ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈproʊtəˌkɔlz fər rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ənd rɪkˈwɛstɪŋ əˈsɪstəns fər ə ˈhaɪˌʤækɪŋ, ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ hæd soʊ ˈlɪtəl taɪm ɪn wɪʧ tɪ ækt. ˈfɑrmər ˈsupərbli ˈrɛndərz ðə ˈtɛnʃən ənd kənfˈjuʒən ɛnˈʤɛndərd baɪ ðə ˈhaɪˌʤækɪŋz, ənd sɪz ðə ˈlidərˌʃɪp əv ðə f.a.a*. ənd ðə dɪˈfɛns dɪˈpɑrtmənt rɪˈmeɪn ˈlɑrʤli ˌɪˈrɛləvənt tɪ ðə ˈkrɪtɪkəl dɪˈsɪʒən ˈmeɪkɪŋ ənd ˌənəˈwɛr əv ðə ɪˈvɑlvɪŋ ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ðə ground’*’ ənˈtɪl ðə əˈtæks wər completed”*” ˈðɛrˈbaɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt kloʊz tɪ ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl fər ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri tɪ ˈɛni ˈɛrˌkræft. |
paul joseph watson
prison planet
wednesday, april 2, 2008
the context of warning was a discussion about new evidence concerning the assassination of robert kennedy, after it emerged that there were additional shooters to accused assassin sirhan sirhan.
former minnesota governor jesse ventura caused shockwaves during a national radio interview today when he warned barack obama to be wary of a potential assassination attempt, saying that the government would target any independent politician who got close to the white house.
the last chapter of new book, start the revolution without me, is a fictional tale about an assassination attempt on his life following a run for president.
the context of warning was a discussion about new evidence concerning the assassination of robert kennedy, after it emerged that there were additional shooters to accused assassin sirhan sirhan.
"i believe very strongly that if an independent candidate like myself a rogue were to get into the race legitimately, if the polls looked like he had a chance to win, i believe that candidate would either be physically assassinated or would be assassinated or in some manner by our government because i do not believe they would ever allow a true independent or a citizen to become president of the united states," ventura told the alex jones show.
"i say this in all seriousness watch out barack obama," he added.
ventura is not the first to warn of a potential future assassination attempt on obama british nobel prize winner doris lessing said obama would be taken out if he became president in february.
"he would probably not last long, a black man in the position of president. they would kill him," lessing told a swedish newspaper.
princeton university political science echoed the same sentiment a month before, saying: "for many black supporters, there is a lot of anxiety that he will be killed. it is on minds."
"you make a prediction like this like he has a 50 per cent chance of getting shot."
"but the greater his visibility and the greater his access to people, there is a danger."
some speculated that obama had been set up for an assassination attempt during a february 20 rally in dallas, after it emerged that secret service gave the order to stop screening for weapons a full hour before the event began.
click here to listen to the full interview with ventura.
part one
part two | pɔl ˈʤoʊzəf ˈwɑtsən ˈprɪzən ˈplænət ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ˈeɪprəl 2 2008 ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv ˈwɔrnɪŋ wɑz ə dɪˈskəʃən əˈbaʊt nu ˈɛvədəns kənˈsərnɪŋ ðə əˌsæsəˈneɪʃən əv ˈrɑbərt ˈkɛnədi, ˈæftər ɪt ˈimərʤd ðət ðɛr wər əˈdɪʃənəl ˈʃutərz tɪ əˈkjuzd əˈsæsən ˈsɪˌrhɑn ˈsɪˌrhɑn. ˈfɔrmər ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə ˈgəvərnər ˈʤɛsi vɛnˈʧərə kɔzd ˈʃɑkˌweɪvz ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈnæʃənəl ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈɪntərvˌju təˈdeɪ wɪn hi wɔrnd ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə tɪ bi ˈwɛri əv ə pəˈtɛnʃəl əˌsæsəˈneɪʃən əˈtɛmpt, seɪɪŋ ðət ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wʊd ˈtərgət ˈɛni ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən hu gɑt kloʊz tɪ ðə waɪt haʊs. ðə læst ˈʧæptər əv nu bʊk, stɑrt ðə ˌrɛvəˈluʃən wɪˈθaʊt mi, ɪz ə ˈfɪkʃənəl teɪl əˈbaʊt ən əˌsæsəˈneɪʃən əˈtɛmpt ɔn hɪz laɪf ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə rən fər ˈprɛzɪdənt. ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv ˈwɔrnɪŋ wɑz ə dɪˈskəʃən əˈbaʊt nu ˈɛvədəns kənˈsərnɪŋ ðə əˌsæsəˈneɪʃən əv ˈrɑbərt ˈkɛnədi, ˈæftər ɪt ˈimərʤd ðət ðɛr wər əˈdɪʃənəl ˈʃutərz tɪ əˈkjuzd əˈsæsən ˈsɪˌrhɑn ˈsɪˌrhɑn. "aɪ bɪˈliv ˈvɛri ˈstrɔŋli ðət ɪf ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈkænədɪt laɪk ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ə roʊg wər tɪ gɪt ˈɪntu ðə reɪs ləˈʤɪtəmətli, ɪf ðə poʊlz lʊkt laɪk hi hæd ə ʧæns tɪ wɪn, aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ˈkænədɪt wʊd ˈiðər bi ˈfɪzɪkəli əˈsæsəˌneɪtəd ər wʊd bi əˈsæsəˌneɪtəd ər ɪn səm ˈmænər baɪ ɑr ˈgəvərnmənt bɪˈkəz aɪ du nɑt bɪˈliv ðeɪ wʊd ˈɛvər əˈlaʊ ə tru ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ər ə ˈsɪtɪzən tɪ bɪˈkəm ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts," vɛnˈʧərə toʊld ðə ˈæləks ʤoʊnz ʃoʊ. "aɪ seɪ ðɪs ɪn ɔl ˈsɪriəsnəs wɔʧ aʊt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə," hi ˈædɪd. vɛnˈʧərə ɪz nɑt ðə fərst tɪ wɔrn əv ə pəˈtɛnʃəl fˈjuʧər əˌsæsəˈneɪʃən əˈtɛmpt ɔn ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈbrɪtɪʃ noʊˈbɛl praɪz ˈwɪnər ˈdɔrɪs ˈlɛsɪŋ sɛd ˌoʊˈbɑmə wʊd bi ˈteɪkən aʊt ɪf hi bɪˈkeɪm ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri. "hi wʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli nɑt læst lɔŋ, ə blæk mæn ɪn ðə pəˈzɪʃən əv ˈprɛzɪdənt. ðeɪ wʊd kɪl ɪm," ˈlɛsɪŋ toʊld ə sˈwidɪʃ ˈnuzˌpeɪpər. ˈprɪnstən ˌjunəˈvərsəti pəˈlɪtɪkəl saɪəns ˈɛkoʊd ðə seɪm ˈsɛnəmənt ə mənθ ˌbiˈfɔr, seɪɪŋ: "fər ˈmɛni blæk səˈpɔrtərz, ðɛr ɪz ə lɔt əv æŋˈzaɪəti ðət hi wɪl bi kɪld. ɪt ɪz ɔn maɪndz." "ju meɪk ə priˈdɪkʃən laɪk ðɪs laɪk hi həz ə 50 pər sɛnt ʧæns əv ˈgɪtɪŋ ʃɑt." "bət ðə ˈgreɪtər hɪz ˌvɪzəˈbɪlɪti ənd ðə ˈgreɪtər hɪz ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈpipəl, ðɛr ɪz ə ˈdeɪnʤər." səm ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət ˌoʊˈbɑmə hæd bɪn sɛt əp fər ən əˌsæsəˈneɪʃən əˈtɛmpt ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈfɛbruˌɛri 20 ˈræli ɪn ˈdæləs, ˈæftər ɪt ˈimərʤd ðət ˈsikrɪt ˈsərvɪs geɪv ðə ˈɔrdər tɪ stɑp ˈskrinɪŋ fər ˈwɛpənz ə fʊl aʊər ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ɪˈvɛnt bɪˈgæn. klɪk hir tɪ ˈlɪsən tɪ ðə fʊl ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ vɛnˈʧərə. pɑrt wən pɑrt tu |
by henri
rabat some 200 moroccan women staged an angry protest saturday outside parliament a week after the suicide of a girl who was forced to marry the man who raped her.
brandishing signs reading “martyr,” “the law killed me,” and “we are alls,” they called for changes to a penal code that allows a rapist to stay out of jail if he marries his victim with the consent of her parents.
the suicide last saturday of, who drank a lethal amount of rat poison, sent shockwaves through morocco and sparked widespread calls for reform of a law that ostensibly defends family values.
[np-related]
families of rape victims who are under 18 often agree to such a union because the loss of a virginity outside of marriage is considered a to her family.
amina’s father said at a protest on thursday that he opposed the union but his wife insisted. “she said we had to do it so people would stop deriding us, to remove the shame,” he told afp.
“can you imagine that a man who has forced a girl to follow him with a knife, and who rapes her, could then want to marry her?”
a giant banner written in arabic, (a berber language) and french read: “women’s dignity. end sexual harassment.”
houda of the democratic association of the women of morocco told afp: “in 2008, the government introduced a bill, which has since been shelved, to demand an overhaul of the penal code in order to end discrimination and violence.”
similar legislation is in effect in neighbouring tunisia and algeria.
the affair provoked an explosion of outrage in the news media and on the internet, where an online petition calling for the law to be changed attracted hundreds of signatures within hours.
“i did not know, but i imagine the colossal number of these ’aminas’ who live, or lived, among us,” the independent newspaper al sabah wrote in a lengthy editorial.
“it’s the law, an absurd, grotesque social rule, that tries to remedy an evil rape with another even more repugnant one, marrying the rapist. whom are we punishing in the end, the victim or her tormentor?” it asked.
the government has pledged to the law, while police summoned and released the rapist after’s suicide.
under moroccan law, rape is punishable by five to 10 years in prison or between 10 and 20 years if the victim is a minor, which also entails a fine of 200 to 500 dirhams (18-45 euros, $24-60).
if the rapist marries his victim he cannot be pursued legally unless she manages to obtain a divorce.
but under the family code the decision of the judge such a marriage cannot be reversed.
on thursday, 300 protesters staged a outside the local court that approved the marriage. | baɪ ˌɔˈri səm 200 mərˈɑkən ˈwɪmən steɪʤd ən ˈæŋgri ˈproʊˌtɛst ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈpɑrləmɛnt ə wik ˈæftər ðə ˈsuɪˌsaɪd əv ə gərl hu wɑz fɔrst tɪ ˈmɛri ðə mæn hu reɪpt hər. ˈbrændɪʃɪŋ saɪnz ˈrɛdɪŋ amina,”*,” lɔ kɪld me,”*,” ənd ər ɔl aminas,”*,” ðeɪ kɔld fər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ə ˈpinəl koʊd ðət əˈlaʊz ə ˈreɪpɪst tɪ steɪ aʊt əv ʤeɪl ɪf hi ˈmɛriz hɪz ˈvɪktɪm wɪθ ðə kənˈsɛnt əv hər ˈpɛrənts. ðə ˈsuɪˌsaɪd læst ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ əv, hu dræŋk ə ˈliθəl əˈmaʊnt əv ræt ˈpɔɪzən, sɛnt ˈʃɑkˌweɪvz θru mərˈɑkoʊ ənd spɑrkt ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd kɔlz fər rɪˈfɔrm əv ə lɔ ðət ɑˈstɛnsəbli dɪˈfɛndz ˈfæməli ˈvæljuz. [np-related*] ˈfæməliz əv reɪp ˈvɪktɪmz hu ər ˈəndər 18 ˈɔfən əˈgri tɪ səʧ ə ˈjunjən bɪˈkəz ðə lɔs əv ə vərˈʤɪnɪti ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ˈmɛrɪʤ ɪz kənˈsɪdərd ə tɪ hər ˈfæməli. ˈfɑðər sɛd æt ə ˈproʊˌtɛst ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ ðət hi əˈpoʊzd ðə ˈjunjən bət hɪz waɪf ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd. sɛd wi hæd tɪ du ɪt soʊ ˈpipəl wʊd stɑp dɪˈraɪdɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs, tɪ riˈmuv ðə shame,”*,” hi toʊld afp*. ju ˌɪˈmæʤən ðət ə mæn hu həz fɔrst ə gərl tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ɪm wɪθ ə naɪf, ənd hu reɪps hər, kʊd ðɛn wɔnt tɪ ˈmɛri her?”*?” ə ʤaɪənt ˈbænər ˈrɪtən ɪn ˈɛrəbɪk, (ə ˈbərbər ˈlæŋgwɪʤ) ənd frɛnʧ rɛd: ˈdɪgnəti. ɛnd ˈsɛkʃuəl harassment.”*.” əv ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən əv ðə ˈwɪmən əv mərˈɑkoʊ toʊld afp*: 2008 ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɪntrəˈdust ə bɪl, wɪʧ həz sɪns bɪn ʃɛlvd, tɪ dɪˈmænd ən ˈoʊvərˌhɔl əv ðə ˈpinəl koʊd ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ɛnd dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən ənd violence.”*.” ˈsɪmələr ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ɪz ɪn ˈifɛkt ɪn ˈneɪbərɪŋ ˌtuˈniʒə ənd æˈlʤɪriə. ðə əˈfɛr prəˈvoʊkt ən ɪkˈsploʊʒən əv ˈaʊˌtreɪʤ ɪn ðə nuz ˈmidiə ənd ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, wɛr ən ˈɔnˌlaɪn pəˈtɪʃən ˈkɔlɪŋ fər ðə lɔ tɪ bi ʧeɪnʤd əˈtræktəd ˈhənərdz əv ˈsɪgnəʧərz wɪˈθɪn aʊərz. dɪd nɑt noʊ, bət aɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ðə kəˈlɑsəl ˈnəmbər əv ðiz ’’aminas’*’ hu lɪv, ər lɪvd, əˈməŋ us,”*,” ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈnuzˌpeɪpər æl ˈsɑbə roʊt ɪn ə ˈlɛŋθi ˌɛdəˈtɔriəl. ðə lɔ, ən əbˈsərd, groʊˈtɛsk ˈsoʊʃəl rul, ðət traɪz tɪ ˈrɛmədi ən ˈivəl reɪp wɪθ əˈnəðər ˈivɪn mɔr rɪˈpəgnənt wən, ˈmɛriɪŋ ðə ˈreɪpɪst. hum ər wi ˈpənɪʃɪŋ ɪn ðə ɛnd, ðə ˈvɪktɪm ər hər tormentor?”*?” ɪt æst. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt həz plɛʤd tɪ ðə lɔ, waɪl pəˈlis ˈsəmənd ənd riˈlist ðə ˈreɪpɪst ˈæftər ˈsuɪˌsaɪd. ˈəndər mərˈɑkən lɔ, reɪp ɪz ˈpənɪʃəbəl baɪ faɪv tɪ 10 jɪrz ɪn ˈprɪzən ər bɪtˈwin 10 ənd 20 jɪrz ɪf ðə ˈvɪktɪm ɪz ə ˈmaɪnər, wɪʧ ˈɔlsoʊ ɪnˈteɪlz ə faɪn əv 200 tɪ 500 dərəmz ˈjuˌroʊz, ɪf ðə ˈreɪpɪst ˈmɛriz hɪz ˈvɪktɪm hi ˈkænɑt bi pərˈsud ˈligəli ənˈlɛs ʃi ˈmænɪʤɪz tɪ əbˈteɪn ə dɪˈvɔrs. bət ˈəndər ðə ˈfæməli koʊd ðə dɪˈsɪʒən əv ðə ʤəʤ səʧ ə ˈmɛrɪʤ ˈkænɑt bi rɪˈvərst. ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ, 300 ˈproʊˌtɛstərz steɪʤd ə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈloʊkəl kɔrt ðət əˈpruvd ðə ˈmɛrɪʤ. |
bowl appears to be a promotional item for ousted former prime ministers and political enemies of the junta
a thai woman could be jailed for seven years on charges of sedition after she posted a photo of herself holding a red bowl that had a thai new year greeting from siblings and ousted prime ministers and.
police ordered charoensuk, 57 and from chiang mai in north, to report to a military court on tuesday to hear a charge for the photos she posted on facebook, human rights lawyer told the local news website.
top thai buddhist monk investigated over vintage read more
thai new year, or the festival, is celebrated every april with major road closures as giant water fights take over the streets. the bowl in the photo, in which gives a thumbs up, appears to be a water scoop used during the festival.
thaksin was ousted in a 2006 coup and his sister,, was also removed by the military in 2014. vitriol between supporters, or red shirts, and the army generals in power, or yellow shirts, has dominated thai politics for years and at times led to bloodshed in the streets.
that the plastic bowl— which appears to be a promotional item used by supporters of thes is red is significant in politics. another photo posted by the woman shows her holding a 2010 calendar with thes on it.
the full message on the bowl is not visible in the photo. local media said it was signed by.
thaksin has been in exile since 2008 to avoid being jailed for corruption on charges he denies. is also facing charges that she ignored corruption surrounding a rice farming subsidy, although she too denies any wrongdoing.
junta leader said on tuesday that had threatened national security.
“you have to see: the photo is about a man who broke the law,” said, referring to, who still has a strong support base in the north among the rural poor. “isn’t support for a person who broke the laws and ran away from the criminal case a wrong thing to do?”
deputy prime minister, general wongsuwan, also defended the charges: “tell me if you think what she did was not provocative or led to division in the society. we want to arrest anyone. but those people should listen to our warning not to undertake political activities.”
the military has cracked down hard on any public displays of support for the ousted opposition, arresting activists, politicians and journalists. the junta has warned against any expressions of dissent.
on tuesday, a military court released on baht (nearly) bail pending trial.
new human rights watch said the “draconian” charges showed an utter disregard for peaceful dissent.
“the thai fears of a red plastic bowl show its intolerance of dissent has reached the point of absolute absurdity,” said brad adams, asia director. “when military courts try people for sedition for posting photos with holiday gifts from deposed leaders, clear that the end of repression is nowhere in sight.”
the advocacy body said that at least 38 people have been charged with sedition since the coup in may 2014, including former education minister for a speech at the foreign correspondents club of thailand in which he military rule. | boʊl əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ə pərˈmoʊʃənəl ˈaɪtəm fər ˈaʊstɪd ˈfɔrmər praɪm ˈmɪnɪstərz ənd pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈɛnəmiz əv ðə ˈhʊntə ə taɪ ˈwʊmən kʊd bi ʤeɪld fər ˈsɛvən jɪrz ɔn ˈʧɑrʤɪz əv sɪˈdɪʃən ˈæftər ʃi ˈpoʊstɪd ə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ əv hərˈsɛlf ˈhoʊldɪŋ ə rɛd boʊl ðət hæd ə taɪ nu jɪr ˈgritɪŋ frəm ˈsɪblɪŋz ənd ˈaʊstɪd praɪm ˈmɪnɪstərz ənd. pəˈlis ˈɔrdərd charoensuk*, 57 ənd frəm ʧæŋ maɪ ɪn nɔrθ, tɪ rɪˈpɔrt tɪ ə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kɔrt ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ tɪ hir ə ʧɑrʤ fər ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ʃi ˈpoʊstɪd ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk, ˈjumən raɪts ˈlɔjər toʊld ðə ˈloʊkəl nuz ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. tɔp taɪ ˈbudəst məŋk ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd ˈoʊvər ˈvɪntɪʤ rɛd mɔr taɪ nu jɪr, ər ðə ˈfɛstɪvəl, ɪz ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪd ˈɛvəri ˈeɪprəl wɪθ ˈmeɪʤər roʊd ˈkloʊʒərz ɛz ʤaɪənt ˈwɔtər faɪts teɪk ˈoʊvər ðə strits. ðə boʊl ɪn ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ, ɪn wɪʧ gɪvz ə θəmz əp, əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ə ˈwɔtər skup juzd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈfɛstɪvəl. wɑz ˈaʊstɪd ɪn ə 2006 ku ənd hɪz ˈsɪstər,, wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ riˈmuvd baɪ ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ɪn 2014 ˈvɪtriəl bɪtˈwin səˈpɔrtərz, ər rɛd ʃərts, ənd ðə ˈɑrmi ˈʤɛnərəlz ɪn paʊər, ər ˈjɛloʊ ʃərts, həz ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd taɪ ˈpɑləˌtɪks fər jɪrz ənd æt taɪmz lɛd tɪ ˈblədˌʃɛd ɪn ðə strits. ðət ðə ˈplæstɪk bowl—*— wɪʧ əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ə pərˈmoʊʃənəl ˈaɪtəm juzd baɪ səˈpɔrtərz əv ðə ɪz rɛd ɪz sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ɪn ˈpɑləˌtɪks. əˈnəðər ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈpoʊstɪd baɪ ðə ˈwʊmən ʃoʊz hər ˈhoʊldɪŋ ə 2010 ˈkæləndər wɪθ ðə ɔn ɪt. ðə fʊl ˈmɛsɪʤ ɔn ðə boʊl ɪz nɑt ˈvɪzəbəl ɪn ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ. ˈloʊkəl ˈmidiə sɛd ɪt wɑz saɪnd baɪ. həz bɪn ɪn ˈɛkˌsaɪl sɪns 2008 tɪ əˈvɔɪd biɪŋ ʤeɪld fər kərˈəpʃən ɔn ˈʧɑrʤɪz hi dɪˈnaɪz. ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfeɪsɪŋ ˈʧɑrʤɪz ðət ʃi ˌɪgˈnɔrd kərˈəpʃən sərˈaʊndɪŋ ə raɪs ˈfɑrmɪŋ ˈsəbsɪdi, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ʃi tu dɪˈnaɪz ˈɛni ˈrɔŋduɪŋ. ˈhʊntə ˈlidər sɛd ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ ðət hæd θˈrɛtənd ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti. hæv tɪ si: ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ɪz əˈbaʊt ə mæn hu broʊk ðə law,”*,” sɛd, rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ, hu stɪl həz ə strɔŋ səˈpɔrt beɪs ɪn ðə nɔrθ əˈməŋ ðə ˈrʊrəl pur. səˈpɔrt fər ə ˈpərsən hu broʊk ðə lɔz ənd ræn əˈweɪ frəm ðə ˈkrɪmənəl keɪs ə rɔŋ θɪŋ tɪ do?”*?” ˈdɛpjəti praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər, ˈʤɛnərəl wongsuwan*, ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈfɛndɪd ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz: mi ɪf ju θɪŋk wət ʃi dɪd wɑz nɑt proʊˈvɑkətɪv ər lɛd tɪ dɪˈvɪʒən ɪn ðə soʊˈsaɪɪti. wi wɔnt tɪ ərˈɛst ˈɛniˌwən. bət ðoʊz ˈpipəl ʃʊd ˈlɪsən tɪ ɑr ˈwɔrnɪŋ nɑt tɪ ˈəndərˌteɪk pəˈlɪtɪkəl activities.”*.” ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri həz krækt daʊn hɑrd ɔn ˈɛni ˈpəblɪk dɪˈspleɪz əv səˈpɔrt fər ðə ˈaʊstɪd ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən, ərˈɛstɪŋ ˈæktɪvɪsts, ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ənd ˈʤərnəlɪsts. ðə ˈhʊntə həz wɔrnd əˈgɛnst ˈɛni ɪkˈsprɛʃənz əv dɪˈsɛnt. ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ, ə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kɔrt riˈlist ɔn bɑt (ˈnɪrli beɪl ˈpɛndɪŋ traɪəl. nu ˈjumən raɪts wɔʧ sɛd ðə ““draconian”*” ˈʧɑrʤɪz ʃoʊd ən ˈətər ˌdɪsrɪˈgɑrd fər ˈpisfəl dɪˈsɛnt. taɪ fɪrz əv ə rɛd ˈplæstɪk boʊl ʃoʊ ɪts ˌɪnˈtɑlərəns əv dɪˈsɛnt həz riʧt ðə pɔɪnt əv ˈæbsəˌlut absurdity,”*,” sɛd bræd ˈædəmz, ˈeɪʒə dɪˈrɛktər. ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kɔrts traɪ ˈpipəl fər sɪˈdɪʃən fər ˈpoʊstɪŋ ˈfoʊˌtoʊz wɪθ ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ gɪfts frəm dɪˈpoʊzd ˈlidərz, klɪr ðət ðə ɛnd əv riˈprɛʃən ɪz ˈnoʊˌwɛr ɪn sight.”*.” ðə ˈædvəkəsi ˈbɑdi sɛd ðət æt list 38 ˈpipəl hæv bɪn ʧɑrʤd wɪθ sɪˈdɪʃən sɪns ðə ku ɪn meɪ 2014 ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈfɔrmər ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈmɪnɪstər fər ə spiʧ æt ðə ˈfɔrən ˌkɔrəˈspɑndənts kləb əv ˈtaɪˌlænd ɪn wɪʧ hi ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri rul. |
trimethylaminuria ('fish odour syndrome')
trimethylaminuria (tmau) is an uncommon condition that causes an unpleasant, fishy smell. it's also called "fish odour syndrome". sometimes it's caused by faulty genes that a person inherits from their parents, but this isn't always the case. there's currently no cure, but there are things that can help.
symptoms of symptoms can be present from birth, but they may not start until later in life, often around puberty. the only symptom is an unpleasant smell, typically of rotting fish although it can be described as smelling like other things that can affect the: breath
sweat
pee
vaginal fluids the smell may be constant or may come and go. things that can make it worse include: sweating
stress
certain foods such as fish, eggs and beans
periods
when to see a see a if you notice a strong, unpleasant smell that doesn't go away. they can check for more common causes, such as body odour, gum disease, a urinary tract infection or bacterial vaginosis. tell your if you think it might be. it's an uncommon condition and they may not have heard of it. they may refer you to a specialist for tests to check for the condition.
causes of in, the body is unable to turn a chemical called produced in the gut when bacteria break down certain foods into a different chemical that doesn't smell. this means builds up in the body and gets into bodily fluids like sweat. in some cases, this is caused by a faulty gene a person has inherited from their parents.
how is inherited many people with inherit a faulty version of a gene called from both their parents. this means they have 2 copies of the faulty gene. the parents themselves might only have 1 copy of the faulty gene. this is known as being a "carrier". they usually won't have symptoms, although some may have mild or temporary ones. if you have, any children you have will be carriers of the faulty gene so are unlikely to have problems. there's only a risk they could be born with the condition if your partner is a carrier. genetic may help you understand the risks of passing on to any children you have.
treatments for there's currently no cure for, but some things might help with the smell. foods to avoid it can help to avoid certain foods that make the smell worse, such as: cows' milk
seafood and shellfish freshwater fish is fine
eggs
beans
peanuts
liver and kidney
supplements containing lecithin it's not a good idea to make any big changes to your diet on your own, particularly if you're pregnant or planning a pregnancy, or are breastfeeding. your specialist can refer you to a dietitian for advice. they'll help you make sure your diet still contains all the nutrients you need. other things you can do it can also be helpful to: avoid strenuous exercise try gentle exercises that don't make you sweat as much
try to find ways to relax stress can make your symptoms worse
wash your skin with slightly acidic soap or shampoo look for products with a ph of to
use
wash your clothes frequently treatments from a doctor your doctor may recommend: short courses of antibiotics this can help reduce the amount of produced in your gut
taking certain supplements such as charcoal or (vitamin) | trimethylaminuria* ('fɪʃ ˈoʊdər ˈsɪnˌdroʊm') (tmau*) ɪz ən ənˈkɑmən kənˈdɪʃən ðət ˈkɔzɪz ən ənˈplɛzənt, ˈfɪʃi smɛl. ɪts ˈɔlsoʊ kɔld "fɪʃ ˈoʊdər ˈsɪnˌdroʊm". ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ɪts kɔzd baɪ ˈfɔlti ʤinz ðət ə ˈpərsən ˌɪnˈhɛrəts frəm ðɛr ˈpɛrənts, bət ðɪs ˈɪzənt ˈɔlˌweɪz ðə keɪs. ðɛrz ˈkərəntli noʊ kjʊr, bət ðɛr ər θɪŋz ðət kən hɛlp. ˈsɪmptəmz əv ˈsɪmptəmz kən bi ˈprɛzənt frəm bərθ, bət ðeɪ meɪ nɑt stɑrt ənˈtɪl ˈleɪtər ɪn laɪf, ˈɔfən əraʊnd ˈpjubərti. ðə ˈoʊnli ˈsɪmptəm ɪz ən ənˈplɛzənt smɛl, ˈtɪpɪkəli əv ˈrɑtɪŋ fɪʃ ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt kən bi dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz sˈmɛlɪŋ laɪk ˈəðər θɪŋz ðət kən əˈfɛkt ðə: brɛθ swɛt pi vəˈʤaɪnəl fluɪdz ðə smɛl meɪ bi ˈkɑnstənt ər meɪ kəm ənd goʊ. θɪŋz ðət kən meɪk ɪt wərs ˌɪnˈklud: sˈwɛtɪŋ strɛs ˈsərtən fudz səʧ ɛz fɪʃ, ɛgz ənd binz ˈpɪriədz wɪn tɪ si ə si ə ɪf ju ˈnoʊtɪs ə strɔŋ, ənˈplɛzənt smɛl ðət ˈdəzənt goʊ əˈweɪ. ðeɪ kən ʧɛk fər mɔr ˈkɑmən ˈkɔzɪz, səʧ ɛz ˈbɑdi ˈoʊdər, gəm dɪˈziz, ə ˈjərəˌnɛri trækt ˌɪnˈfɛkʃən ər bækˈtɪriəl vaginosis*. tɛl jʊr ɪf ju θɪŋk ɪt maɪt bi. ɪts ən ənˈkɑmən kənˈdɪʃən ənd ðeɪ meɪ nɑt hæv hərd əv ɪt. ðeɪ meɪ rɪˈfər ju tɪ ə ˈspɛʃəlɪst fər tɛsts tɪ ʧɛk fər ðə kənˈdɪʃən. ˈkɔzɪz əv ɪn, ðə ˈbɑdi ɪz əˈneɪbəl tɪ tərn ə ˈkɛmɪkəl kɔld prəˈdust ɪn ðə gət wɪn bækˈtɪriə breɪk daʊn ˈsərtən fudz ˈɪntu ə ˈdɪfərənt ˈkɛmɪkəl ðət ˈdəzənt smɛl. ðɪs minz bɪldz əp ɪn ðə ˈbɑdi ənd gɪts ˈɪntu ˈbɑdəli fluɪdz laɪk swɛt. ɪn səm ˈkeɪsɪz, ðɪs ɪz kɔzd baɪ ə ˈfɔlti ʤin ə ˈpərsən həz ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd frəm ðɛr ˈpɛrənts. haʊ ɪz ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd ˈmɛni ˈpipəl wɪθ ˌɪnˈhɛrət ə ˈfɔlti ˈvərʒən əv ə ʤin kɔld frəm boʊθ ðɛr ˈpɛrənts. ðɪs minz ðeɪ hæv 2 ˈkɑpiz əv ðə ˈfɔlti ʤin. ðə ˈpɛrənts ðɛmˈsɛlvz maɪt ˈoʊnli hæv 1 ˈkɑpi əv ðə ˈfɔlti ʤin. ðɪs ɪz noʊn ɛz biɪŋ ə "ˈkɛriər". ðeɪ ˈjuʒəwəli woʊnt hæv ˈsɪmptəmz, ˌɔlˈðoʊ səm meɪ hæv maɪld ər ˈtɛmpərˌɛri wənz. ɪf ju hæv, ˈɛni ˈʧɪldrən ju hæv wɪl bi ˈkɛriərz əv ðə ˈfɔlti ʤin soʊ ər ənˈlaɪkli tɪ hæv ˈprɑbləmz. ðɛrz ˈoʊnli ə rɪsk ðeɪ kʊd bi bɔrn wɪθ ðə kənˈdɪʃən ɪf jʊr ˈpɑrtnər ɪz ə ˈkɛriər. ʤəˈnɛtɪk meɪ hɛlp ju ˌəndərˈstænd ðə rɪsks əv ˈpæsɪŋ ɔn tɪ ˈɛni ˈʧɪldrən ju hæv. ˈtritmənts fər ðɛrz ˈkərəntli noʊ kjʊr fər, bət səm θɪŋz maɪt hɛlp wɪθ ðə smɛl. fudz tɪ əˈvɔɪd ɪt kən hɛlp tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈsərtən fudz ðət meɪk ðə smɛl wərs, səʧ ɛz: kaʊz' mɪlk ˈsiˌfud ənd ˈʃɛlˌfɪʃ ˈfrɛʃˌwɔtər fɪʃ ɪz faɪn ɛgz binz ˈpiˌnəts ˈlɪvər ənd ˈkɪdni ˌsəpləˈmɛnts kənˈteɪnɪŋ ˈlɛsɪθɪn ɪts nɑt ə gʊd aɪˈdiə tɪ meɪk ˈɛni bɪg ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ jʊr daɪət ɔn jʊr oʊn, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ɪf jʊr ˈprɛgnənt ər ˈplænɪŋ ə ˈprɛgnənsi, ər ər ˈbrɛstfidɪŋ. jʊr ˈspɛʃəlɪst kən rɪˈfər ju tɪ ə ˌdaɪəˈtɪʃən fər ədˈvaɪs. ðɛl hɛlp ju meɪk ʃʊr jʊr daɪət stɪl kənˈteɪnz ɔl ðə ˈnutriənts ju nid. ˈəðər θɪŋz ju kən du ɪt kən ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈhɛlpfəl tɪ: əˈvɔɪd ˈstrɛnjuəs ˈɛksərˌsaɪz traɪ ˈʤɛnəl ˈɛksərˌsaɪzɪz ðət doʊnt meɪk ju swɛt ɛz məʧ traɪ tɪ faɪnd weɪz tɪ rɪˈlæks strɛs kən meɪk jʊr ˈsɪmptəmz wərs wɑʃ jʊr skɪn wɪθ sˈlaɪtli əˈsɪdɪk soʊp ər ʃæmˈpu lʊk fər ˈprɑdəkts wɪθ ə ˈpiˈeɪʧ əv tɪ juz wɑʃ jʊr kloʊðz ˈfrikwɛntli ˈtritmənts frəm ə ˈdɔktər jʊr ˈdɔktər meɪ ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd: ʃɔrt ˈkɔrsɪz əv ˌæntibaɪˈɑtɪks ðɪs kən hɛlp rɪˈdus ðə əˈmaʊnt əv prəˈdust ɪn jʊr gət ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈsərtən ˌsəpləˈmɛnts səʧ ɛz ˈʧɑrˌkoʊl ər (ˈvaɪtəmən |
tokyo (reuters) - the yen rocketed to a high against the dollar in early asian trading on monday, driven by fears of a continued flight from emerging markets as tighter credit conditions in china threatened to put the brakes on the economy.
a man looks at at an electronic stock quotation board outside a brokerage in tokyo january 14, 2014. kato
after japan's nikkei share average dropped percent to a low on friday, investors braced for more losses, with nikkei futures down percent. broadest index of shares outside japan was down percent in early trade after losing more than percent on friday.
the dollar slipped as low as yen early on monday, its weakest level since december 6, and was last trading at yen, down percent. the yen has strengthened more than 2 yen over the past three sessions, as japanese stocks withered in line with their global counterparts.
the euro also fell to a low of yen and last bought yen, down about percent on the day.
“the combination of the drop in u.s. and japanese equities, and the sharp decline in u.s. bond yields, helped accelerate the short squeeze, which was already helping the yen recover,” strategists at brown brothers harriman said in a note to clients.
“renewed yen weakness would seem to require a move back up in u.s. yields recovery in the equity markets,” they added.
on wall street on friday, all three major stock indexes dropped for a second consecutive session, with the standard & poor's 500 index shedding percent.
the yield on benchmark treasuries notes fell as low as percent on friday, its lowest intraday level since november 26. it stood at percent in early asian trade.
tightening credit conditions in china as the government seeks to curb growth in lending heightened fears about a possible slowdown in economic powerhouse.
argentina, meanwhile, abandoned support of its peso on the open market last week, sending the currency skidding to its biggest drop since the 2002 financial crisis.
latin american stocks tumbled to a low on friday.
spot gold was seen sticking close to last lofty levels, after hitting a high on friday and marking its fifth consecutive weekly gain | ˈtoʊkiˌoʊ (ˈrɔɪtərz) ðə jɛn ˈrɑkətɪd tɪ ə haɪ əˈgɛnst ðə ˈdɔlər ɪn ˈərli ˈeɪʒən ˈtreɪdɪŋ ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ, ˈdrɪvən baɪ fɪrz əv ə kənˈtɪnjud flaɪt frəm ˈimərʤɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪts ɛz ˈtaɪtər ˈkrɛdɪt kənˈdɪʃənz ɪn ˈʧaɪnə θˈrɛtənd tɪ pʊt ðə breɪks ɔn ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi. ə mæn lʊks æt æt ən ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk stɑk kwoʊˈteɪʃən bɔrd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ə ˈbroʊkərɪʤ ɪn ˈtoʊkiˌoʊ ˈʤænjuˌɛri 14 2014 ˈkeɪtoʊ ˈæftər ʤəˈpænz ˈniˌkeɪ ʃɛr ˈævərɪʤ drɑpt pərˈsɛnt tɪ ə loʊ ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ˌɪnˈvɛstərz breɪst fər mɔr ˈlɔsɪz, wɪθ ˈniˌkeɪ fˈjuʧərz daʊn pərˈsɛnt. ˈbrɔdɪst ˈɪndɛks əv ʃɛrz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ʤəˈpæn wɑz daʊn pərˈsɛnt ɪn ˈərli treɪd ˈæftər ˈluzɪŋ mɔr ðən pərˈsɛnt ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ. ðə ˈdɔlər slɪpt ɛz loʊ ɛz jɛn ˈərli ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ, ɪts ˈwikəst ˈlɛvəl sɪns dɪˈsɛmbər 6 ənd wɑz læst ˈtreɪdɪŋ æt jɛn, daʊn pərˈsɛnt. ðə jɛn həz ˈstrɛŋθənd mɔr ðən 2 jɛn ˈoʊvər ðə pæst θri ˈsɛʃənz, ɛz ˌʤæpəˈniz stɑks ˈwɪðərd ɪn laɪn wɪθ ðɛr ˈgloʊbəl ˈkaʊntərˌpɑrts. ðə ˈjʊrə ˈɔlsoʊ fɛl tɪ ə loʊ əv jɛn ənd læst bɔt jɛn, daʊn əˈbaʊt pərˈsɛnt ɔn ðə deɪ. ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ðə drɔp ɪn juz. ənd ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈɛkwətiz, ənd ðə ʃɑrp dɪˈklaɪn ɪn juz. bɑnd jildz, hɛlpt ækˈsɛlərˌeɪt ðə ʃɔrt skwiz, wɪʧ wɑz ɔˈrɛdi ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðə jɛn recover,”*,” ˈstrætɪʤɪsts æt braʊn ˈbrəðərz ˈhɛrɪmən sɛd ɪn ə noʊt tɪ klaɪənts. jɛn ˈwiknəs wʊd sim tɪ ˌrikˈwaɪər ə muv bæk əp ɪn juz. jildz rɪˈkəvəri ɪn ðə ˈɛkwəti markets,”*,” ðeɪ ˈædɪd. ɔn wɔl strit ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ɔl θri ˈmeɪʤər stɑk ˈɪndɛksɪz drɑpt fər ə ˈsɛkənd kənˈsɛkjətɪv ˈsɛʃən, wɪθ ðə ˈstændərd purz 500 ˈɪndɛks ˈʃɛdɪŋ pərˈsɛnt. ðə jild ɔn ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrk ˈtrɛʒəriz noʊts fɛl ɛz loʊ ɛz pərˈsɛnt ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ɪts loʊəst ˌɪntrəˈdeɪ ˈlɛvəl sɪns noʊˈvɛmbər 26 ɪt stʊd æt pərˈsɛnt ɪn ˈərli ˈeɪʒən treɪd. ˈtaɪtənɪŋ ˈkrɛdɪt kənˈdɪʃənz ɪn ˈʧaɪnə ɛz ðə ˈgəvərnmənt siks tɪ kərb groʊθ ɪn ˈlɛndɪŋ ˈhaɪtənd fɪrz əˈbaʊt ə ˈpɑsəbəl sˈloʊˌdaʊn ɪn ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈpaʊərˌhaʊs. ˌɑrʤənˈtinə, ˈminˌwaɪl, əˈbændənd səˈpɔrt əv ɪts ˈpeɪsoʊ ɔn ðə ˈoʊpən ˈmɑrkɪt læst wik, ˈsɛndɪŋ ðə ˈkərənsi ˈskɪdɪŋ tɪ ɪts ˈbɪgəst drɔp sɪns ðə 2002 ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈkraɪsəs. ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkən stɑks ˈtəmbəld tɪ ə loʊ ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ. spɑt goʊld wɑz sin ˈstɪkɪŋ kloʊz tɪ læst ˈlɔfti ˈlɛvəlz, ˈæftər ˈhɪtɪŋ ə haɪ ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ənd ˈmɑrkɪŋ ɪts fɪθ kənˈsɛkjətɪv ˈwikli geɪn |
in the latest wave of protests in the asian financial hub, a group of chinese demonstrators on thursday unfurled a huge banner on hong kong's famous "lion rock," which overlooks many poor neighborhoods across the region's harbor.
the stunt came following comments made by hong kong chief executive leung on monday when he claimed that full democracy would give the poor too much power.
'genuine universal suffrage'
the (30.6-yard-long) yellow banner, emblazoned with the slogan "i want genuine universal suffrage" and a picture of an umbrella, which has become the symbol of protesters, was hung by a climber wearing a spiderman suit.
"the small circle electoral committee (who voted for leung in 2012) and the chief executive only care about the rich on tai ping shan and not the poor under lion rock," said the disguised protester who, according to police, was one of 10 climbers belonging to the group who call themselves "hong kong spidie."
'umbrella revolution': protests have been going on for almost a month
tai ping shan is the local name for victoria peak, the famous hill that dominates hong kong island and is home to some of the world's most expensive properties.
'lion rock spirit'
associated with "lion rock" is the concept of "lion rock spirit" - a phrase which has been adopted by cantonese speakers to encapsulate hong kong's reputation as a place where hard work and perseverance meant a brighter future.
however, many among hong kong's youth feel that the city's "lion rock spirit" has been stifled by the political elite. faced with rising inequality and soaring housing costs, many young hong kongers are left with little hope of renting, let alone buying, their own home in a city with one of asia's widest wealth gaps.
one month of protests
on tuesday talks began again between government officials and leaders of the student protest movement. however, hopes remain low for any breakthrough. beijing believes it has offered enough concessions to the former british colony in the past and sources say it will not change its position.
pro-democracy campaigners have now been protesting in hong kong for almost a month, where they continue to demand a free choice of candidates to become the city's chief executive in the 2017 election. china's national people's congress decided in august that any candidates would have to be vetted by beijing before appearing on the ballot.
ksb/tj (reuters, afp) | ɪn ðə ˈleɪtəst weɪv əv ˈproʊˌtɛsts ɪn ðə ˈeɪʒən ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl həb, ə grup əv ʧaɪˈniz ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtərz ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ ənˈfərld ə juʤ ˈbænər ɔn hɔŋ kɔŋz ˈfeɪməs "laɪən rɑk," wɪʧ ˈoʊvərˌlʊks ˈmɛni pur ˈneɪbərˌhʊdz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈriʤənz ˈhɑrbər. ðə stənt keɪm ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈkɑmɛnts meɪd baɪ hɔŋ kɔŋg ʧif ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv luŋ ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ wɪn hi kleɪmd ðət fʊl dɪˈmɑkrəsi wʊd gɪv ðə pur tu məʧ paʊər. 'ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪn ˌjunəˈvərsəl ˈsəfrɪʤ' ðə 30.6-yard-long*) ˈjɛloʊ ˈbænər, ɛmˈbleɪzənd wɪθ ðə sˈloʊgən "aɪ wɔnt ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪn ˌjunəˈvərsəl ˈsəfrɪʤ" ənd ə ˈpɪkʧər əv ən ˈəmˌbrɛlə, wɪʧ həz bɪˈkəm ðə ˈsɪmbəl əv ˈproʊˌtɛstərz, wɑz həŋ baɪ ə ˈklaɪmər ˈwɛrɪŋ ə ˈspaɪdərmæn sut. "ðə smɔl ˈsərkəl ɪˈlɛktərəl kəˈmɪti (hu ˈvoʊtɪd fər luŋ ɪn 2012 ənd ðə ʧif ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈoʊnli kɛr əˈbaʊt ðə rɪʧ ɔn taɪ pɪŋ ʃæn ənd nɑt ðə pur ˈəndər laɪən rɑk," sɛd ðə dɪsˈgaɪzd ˈproʊˌtɛstər hu, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ pəˈlis, wɑz wən əv 10 ˈklaɪmərz bɪˈlɔŋɪŋ tɪ ðə grup hu kɔl ðɛmˈsɛlvz "hɔŋ kɔŋg spidie*." 'ˈəmˌbrɛlə ˌrɛvəˈluʃən': ˈproʊˌtɛsts hæv bɪn goʊɪŋ ɔn fər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə mənθ taɪ pɪŋ ʃæn ɪz ðə ˈloʊkəl neɪm fər vɪkˈtɔriə pik, ðə ˈfeɪməs hɪl ðət ˈdɑməˌneɪts hɔŋ kɔŋg ˈaɪlənd ənd ɪz hoʊm tɪ səm əv ðə wərldz moʊst ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈprɑpərtiz. 'laɪən rɑk ˈspɪrɪt' əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ "laɪən rɑk" ɪz ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt əv "laɪən rɑk ˈspɪrɪt" ə freɪz wɪʧ həz bɪn əˈdɑptəd baɪ ˌkæntəˈniz ˈspikərz tɪ ɛnˈkæpsəˌleɪt hɔŋ kɔŋz ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən ɛz ə pleɪs wɛr hɑrd wərk ənd ˌpərsəˈvɪrəns mɛnt ə ˈbraɪtər fˈjuʧər. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈmɛni əˈməŋ hɔŋ kɔŋz juθ fil ðət ðə ˈsɪtiz "laɪən rɑk ˈspɪrɪt" həz bɪn ˈstaɪfəld baɪ ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ɪˈlit. feɪst wɪθ ˈraɪzɪŋ ˌɪnɪkˈwɑləti ənd ˈsɔrɪŋ ˈhaʊzɪŋ kɔsts, ˈmɛni jəŋ hɔŋ ˈkɑŋgərz ər lɛft wɪθ ˈlɪtəl hoʊp əv ˈrɛntɪŋ, lɛt əˈloʊn baɪɪŋ, ðɛr oʊn hoʊm ɪn ə ˈsɪti wɪθ wən əv ˈeɪʒəz ˈwaɪdəst wɛlθ gæps. wən mənθ əv ˈproʊˌtɛsts ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ tɔks bɪˈgæn əˈgɛn bɪtˈwin ˈgəvərnmənt əˈfɪʃəlz ənd ˈlidərz əv ðə ˈstudənt ˈproʊˌtɛst ˈmuvmənt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hoʊps rɪˈmeɪn loʊ fər ˈɛni ˈbreɪkθˌru. ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ bɪˈlivz ɪt həz ˈɔfərd ɪˈnəf kənˈsɛʃənz tɪ ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈkɑləni ɪn ðə pæst ənd ˈsɔrsəz seɪ ɪt wɪl nɑt ʧeɪnʤ ɪts pəˈzɪʃən. kæmˈpeɪnərz hæv naʊ bɪn ˈproʊˌtɛstɪŋ ɪn hɔŋ kɔŋg fər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə mənθ, wɛr ðeɪ kənˈtɪnju tɪ dɪˈmænd ə fri ʧɔɪs əv ˈkænədɪts tɪ bɪˈkəm ðə ˈsɪtiz ʧif ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ɪn ðə 2017 ɪˈlɛkʃən. ˈʧaɪnəz ˈnæʃənəl ˈpipəlz ˈkɑŋgrəs ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ɪn ˈɔgəst ðət ˈɛni ˈkænədɪts wʊd hæv tɪ bi ˈvɛtɪd baɪ ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ ˌbiˈfɔr əˈpɪrɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈbælət. (ˈrɔɪtərz, afp*) |
but before the crash, security concerns closed ukrainian airspace. an airliner flies under smoke left by a ukrainian military plane a few kilometres from the russian border on july 16. the us federal aviation administration issued a "special notice" regarding ukrainian airspace advising airlines to "exercise extreme caution due to the continuing potential for instability" and warned pilots and airlines to avoid ukrainian airspace due to serious risks. aviation experts last night said operators continued to fly across the zone because it was the quickest and cheapest route for some flights. brian flynn, a spokesman for, which directs air traffic across europe, said ukrainian aviation authorities had closed the airspace below feet on monday after having earlier restricted the airspace below feet, on july 1. in both cases, the closures came as a result of security concerns after rebels shot down ukrainian military aircraft.
mr flynn said it is up to the ukrainian government to decide whether and how to restrict airspace, with responsible for helping to implement those decisions. the plane crash site near the settlement of grabovo. before the crash, 300 commercial aircraft a day were flying through eastern ukrainian airspace, with most serving as flights between europe and southeast asia. mr flynn said such flights typically cruise at between and feet. qantas said on friday it had shifted the flight path for its london to dubai route over ukraine some 400 nautical miles to the south several months ago. a qantas spokesman declined to comment on the reasons for the shift, which came amid heightened tensions between kiev and rebels.
mr flynn said airlines can elect to avoid an area even if not closed, but that he did not believe any had chosen to do so in eastern ukraine. “i’m not aware of any airlines that were specifically avoiding that area,” he said. norman shanks, a former head of group security at airports group baa, said: "malaysia airlines, like a number of other carriers, has been continuing to use it because it is a shorter route, which means less fuel and therefore less money. attacks on aircraft in the area have been rife. in the past week alone two ukrainian military aircraft were shot down and a third was damaged by a missile." immediately after the crash yesterday, several other airliners followed the same path and did not re-route, including singapore airlines and kazakhstan airlines. and emirates were also originally reported as taking the same route, but both airlines later confirmed they did not operate in ukrainian airspace. on thursday night a british department for transport spokesman confirmed that flights, including those already airborne, were being routed around the region.
virgin atlantic said it had diverted a small number of flights, believed to include routes from heathrow to dubai and one on the mumbai to heathrow route. turkish airlines said all of its flights would now avoid ukrainian airspace. british airways said only one flight a day used that airspace, the heathrow to kiev service. a spokesman said: "the safety and security of our customers is always our top priority. "we are keeping those services under review, but kiev is several hundred kilometres from the incident site." other operators that were diverting flights over ukraine on thursday night were italy's alitalia, lufthansa, air france and the russian carriers aeroflot, and transaero. it is understood airliners continued to cross volatile regions because operators believed they were at a sufficient altitude not to be at risk of attack. it was for this reason that commercial airliners continued to fly over iraq and afghanistan during prior conflicts, although it has been reported that the us federal aviation administration has recently told carriers to avoid the crimea.
the malaysian airlines flight was reportedly travelling at an altitude of about feet - an altitude considered by those within the industry to be completely safe. military jets typically fly at much lower altitudes, meaning it would be hard to misinterpret an airliner at such height as a threat, and many weapons would not reach such an altitude. on monday a ukrainian military transport plane carrying eight people was hit by a missile fired from russian territory killing two of those on board. on wednesday a ukrainian air force fighter was also hit by a missile, forcing the pilot to eject. earlier that day another was hit by a rebel missile but the pilot landed the plane successfully with relatively slight damage. an industry source said: "the belief was that a plane could not be shot down at that altitude, which is why aircraft continue to fly over zones that have wars going on."
loading david kaminski-morrow, the air transport editor of magazine, added: "any decision about the opening or closing of ukrainian airspace will be a matter for the ukrainians. it could well be that all of that airspace will now be closed." the daily telegraph, london, with washington post and reuters | bət ˌbiˈfɔr ðə kræʃ, sɪˈkjʊrəti kənˈsərnz kloʊzd juˈkreɪniən ˈɛrˌspeɪs. ən ˈɛˌrlaɪnər flaɪz ˈəndər smoʊk lɛft baɪ ə juˈkreɪniən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri pleɪn ə fju ˌkɪˈlɔˌmətərz frəm ðə ˈrəʃən ˈbɔrdər ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 16 ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈfɛdərəl ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ˈɪʃud ə "ˈspɛʃəl ˈnoʊtɪs" rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ juˈkreɪniən ˈɛrˌspeɪs ædˈvaɪzɪŋ ˈɛˌrlaɪnz tɪ "ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ɪkˈstrim ˈkɔʃən du tɪ ðə kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ pəˈtɛnʃəl fər ˌɪnstəˈbɪlɪti" ənd wɔrnd ˈpaɪləts ənd ˈɛˌrlaɪnz tɪ əˈvɔɪd juˈkreɪniən ˈɛrˌspeɪs du tɪ ˈsɪriəs rɪsks. ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən ˈɛkspərts læst naɪt sɛd ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz kənˈtɪnjud tɪ flaɪ əˈkrɔs ðə zoʊn bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ðə kˈwɪkɪst ənd ˈʧipəst rut fər səm flaɪts. braɪən flɪn, ə ˈspoʊksmən fər, wɪʧ dɪˈrɛkts ɛr ˈtræfɪk əˈkrɔs ˈjʊrəp, sɛd juˈkreɪniən ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən əˈθɔrətiz hæd kloʊzd ðə ˈɛrˌspeɪs bɪˈloʊ fit ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ ˈərliər riˈstrɪktɪd ðə ˈɛrˌspeɪs bɪˈloʊ fit, ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1 ɪn boʊθ ˈkeɪsɪz, ðə ˈkloʊʒərz keɪm ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv sɪˈkjʊrəti kənˈsərnz ˈæftər ˈrɛbəlz ʃɑt daʊn juˈkreɪniən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈɛrˌkræft. ˈmɪstər flɪn sɛd ɪt ɪz əp tɪ ðə juˈkreɪniən ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ˈwɛðər ənd haʊ tɪ riˈstrɪkt ˈɛrˌspeɪs, wɪθ riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ˈhɛlpɪŋ tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ðoʊz dɪˈsɪʒənz. ðə pleɪn kræʃ saɪt nɪr ðə ˈsɛtəlmənt əv grabovo*. ˌbiˈfɔr ðə kræʃ, 300 kəˈmərʃəl ˈɛrˌkræft ə deɪ wər flaɪɪŋ θru ˈistərn juˈkreɪniən ˈɛrˌspeɪs, wɪθ moʊst ˈsərvɪŋ ɛz flaɪts bɪtˈwin ˈjʊrəp ənd ˌsaʊˈθist ˈeɪʒə. ˈmɪstər flɪn sɛd səʧ flaɪts ˈtɪpɪkəli kruz æt bɪtˈwin ənd fit. ˈkɑntəs sɛd ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ɪt hæd ˈʃɪftɪd ðə flaɪt pæθ fər ɪts ˈləndən tɪ duˈbaɪ rut ˈoʊvər juˈkreɪn səm 400 ˈnɔtəkəl maɪəlz tɪ ðə saʊθ ˈsɛvərəl mənθs əˈgoʊ. ə ˈkɑntəs ˈspoʊksmən dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə ˈrizənz fər ðə ʃɪft, wɪʧ keɪm əˈmɪd ˈhaɪtənd ˈtɛnʧənz bɪtˈwin kiɛv ənd ˈrɛbəlz. ˈmɪstər flɪn sɛd ˈɛˌrlaɪnz kən ɪˈlɛkt tɪ əˈvɔɪd ən ˈɛriə ˈivɪn ɪf nɑt kloʊzd, bət ðət hi dɪd nɑt bɪˈliv ˈɛni hæd ˈʧoʊzən tɪ du soʊ ɪn ˈistərn juˈkreɪn. nɑt əˈwɛr əv ˈɛni ˈɛˌrlaɪnz ðət wər spəˈsɪfɪkli əˈvɔɪdɪŋ ðət area,”*,” hi sɛd. ˈnɔrmən ʃæŋks, ə ˈfɔrmər hɛd əv grup sɪˈkjʊrəti æt ˈɛrˌpɔrts grup ˌbiˌeɪˈeɪ, sɛd: "məˈleɪʒə ˈɛˌrlaɪnz, laɪk ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈəðər ˈkɛriərz, həz bɪn kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ tɪ juz ɪt bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ə ˈʃɔrtər rut, wɪʧ minz lɛs fjuəl ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr lɛs ˈməni. əˈtæks ɔn ˈɛrˌkræft ɪn ðə ˈɛriə hæv bɪn raɪf. ɪn ðə pæst wik əˈloʊn tu juˈkreɪniən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈɛrˌkræft wər ʃɑt daʊn ənd ə θərd wɑz ˈdæmɪʤd baɪ ə ˈmɪsəl." ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈæftər ðə kræʃ ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ, ˈsɛvərəl ˈəðər ˈɛˌrlaɪnərz ˈfɑloʊd ðə seɪm pæθ ənd dɪd nɑt re-route*, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈsɪŋəˌpɔr ˈɛˌrlaɪnz ənd ˌkɑzɑkˈstɑn ˈɛˌrlaɪnz. ənd ˈɛmərˌeɪts wər ˈɔlsoʊ ərˈɪʤənəli ˌriˈpɔrtəd ɛz ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə seɪm rut, bət boʊθ ˈɛˌrlaɪnz ˈleɪtər kənˈfərmd ðeɪ dɪd nɑt ˈɔpərˌeɪt ɪn juˈkreɪniən ˈɛrˌspeɪs. ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ naɪt ə ˈbrɪtɪʃ dɪˈpɑrtmənt fər ˈtrænspɔrt ˈspoʊksmən kənˈfərmd ðət flaɪts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðoʊz ɔˈrɛdi ˈɛrˌbɔrn, wər biɪŋ ˈrutɪd əraʊnd ðə ˈriʤən. ˈvərʤɪn əˈtlæntɪk sɛd ɪt hæd dɪˈvərtɪd ə smɔl ˈnəmbər əv flaɪts, bɪˈlivd tɪ ˌɪnˈklud rʊts frəm ˈhiθroʊ tɪ duˈbaɪ ənd wən ɔn ðə ˌmʊmˈbaɪ tɪ ˈhiθroʊ rut. ˈtərkɪʃ ˈɛˌrlaɪnz sɛd ɔl əv ɪts flaɪts wʊd naʊ əˈvɔɪd juˈkreɪniən ˈɛrˌspeɪs. ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈɛrˌweɪz sɛd ˈoʊnli wən flaɪt ə deɪ juzd ðət ˈɛrˌspeɪs, ðə ˈhiθroʊ tɪ kiɛv ˈsərvɪs. ə ˈspoʊksmən sɛd: "ðə ˈseɪfti ənd sɪˈkjʊrəti əv ɑr ˈkəstəmərz ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ɑr tɔp praɪˈɔrəti. "wi ər ˈkipɪŋ ðoʊz ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈəndər ˌrivˈju, bət kiɛv ɪz ˈsɛvərəl ˈhənərd ˌkɪˈlɔˌmətərz frəm ðə ˈɪnsədənt saɪt." ˈəðər ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz ðət wər dɪˈvərtɪŋ flaɪts ˈoʊvər juˈkreɪn ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ naɪt wər ˈɪtəliz ˌælɪˈtæliə, ləfˈtænzə, ɛr fræns ənd ðə ˈrəʃən ˈkɛriərz ˈɛroʊˌflɑt, ənd transaero*. ɪt ɪz ˌəndərˈstʊd ˈɛˌrlaɪnərz kənˈtɪnjud tɪ krɔs ˈvɑlətəl ˈriʤənz bɪˈkəz ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz bɪˈlivd ðeɪ wər æt ə səˈfɪʃənt ˈæltəˌtud nɑt tɪ bi æt rɪsk əv əˈtæk. ɪt wɑz fər ðɪs ˈrizən ðət kəˈmərʃəl ˈɛˌrlaɪnərz kənˈtɪnjud tɪ flaɪ ˈoʊvər ˌɪˈrɑk ənd æfˈgænəˌstæn ˈdʊrɪŋ praɪər ˈkɑnflɪkts, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt həz bɪn ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈfɛdərəl ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən həz ˈrisəntli toʊld ˈkɛriərz tɪ əˈvɔɪd ðə kraɪˈmiə. ðə məˈleɪʒən ˈɛˌrlaɪnz flaɪt wɑz rɪˈpɔrtədli ˈtrævəlɪŋ æt ən ˈæltəˌtud əv əˈbaʊt fit ən ˈæltəˌtud kənˈsɪdərd baɪ ðoʊz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈɪndəstri tɪ bi kəmˈplitli seɪf. ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ʤɛts ˈtɪpɪkəli flaɪ æt məʧ loʊər ˈæltɪˌtudz, ˈminɪŋ ɪt wʊd bi hɑrd tɪ mɪsɪnˈtərprət ən ˈɛˌrlaɪnər æt səʧ haɪt ɛz ə θrɛt, ənd ˈmɛni ˈwɛpənz wʊd nɑt riʧ səʧ ən ˈæltəˌtud. ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ ə juˈkreɪniən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈtrænspɔrt pleɪn ˈkɛriɪŋ eɪt ˈpipəl wɑz hɪt baɪ ə ˈmɪsəl faɪərd frəm ˈrəʃən ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri ˈkɪlɪŋ tu əv ðoʊz ɔn bɔrd. ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ə juˈkreɪniən ɛr fɔrs ˈfaɪtər wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ hɪt baɪ ə ˈmɪsəl, ˈfɔrsɪŋ ðə ˈpaɪlət tɪ ɪˈʤɛkt. ˈərliər ðət deɪ əˈnəðər wɑz hɪt baɪ ə ˈrɛbəl ˈmɪsəl bət ðə ˈpaɪlət ˈlændɪd ðə pleɪn səkˈsɛsfəli wɪθ ˈrɛlətɪvli slaɪt ˈdæmɪʤ. ən ˈɪndəstri sɔrs sɛd: "ðə bɪˈlif wɑz ðət ə pleɪn kʊd nɑt bi ʃɑt daʊn æt ðət ˈæltəˌtud, wɪʧ ɪz waɪ ˈɛrˌkræft kənˈtɪnju tɪ flaɪ ˈoʊvər zoʊnz ðət hæv wɔrz goʊɪŋ ɔn." ˈloʊdɪŋ ˈdeɪvɪd kaminski-morrow*, ðə ɛr ˈtrænspɔrt ˈɛdɪtər əv ˈmægəˌzin, ˈædɪd: "ˈɛni dɪˈsɪʒən əˈbaʊt ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ ər ˈkloʊzɪŋ əv juˈkreɪniən ˈɛrˌspeɪs wɪl bi ə ˈmætər fər ðə juˈkreɪniənz. ɪt kʊd wɛl bi ðət ɔl əv ðət ˈɛrˌspeɪs wɪl naʊ bi kloʊzd." ðə ˈdeɪli ˈtɛləˌgræf, ˈləndən, wɪθ ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst ənd ˈrɔɪtərz |
if a fan of flight of the or the vampire what we do in the shadows then you already know is aces. as a director, got an impeccable ability to balance painful earnestness with biting humor. and as a comedy writer and actor, he produces jokes that land every if so subtle you notice it at first.
this has never been more true than in hunt for the, which premiered at the sundance film festival and stars sam neill as a tough guy who ends up on the lam in the new zealand bush with a foster kid (ricky, played by newcomer julian dennison).’s best movie yet, and it bodes well for his next project: thor:.
yes, after a career of making small, subtle movies like the stellar eagle vs. shark,’s next gig is directing the third marvel movie about the god. and while his may not at first glance seem suited to an interstellar superhero epic, the way does it, they are. (really, all of the movies just family misadventures?) why we should be very excited to see what does in the marvel cinematic universe.
he’s no stranger to punching up dark source material
despite the fact that very much a comedy, hunt for the is actually based on a serious novel: barry wild pork and watercress. “nothing in the book is funny,” told wired at sundance. “i brought in all that kind of stuff. the main thing taken from the book is the heart and soul of it: about a young boy growing up, and having the craziest of experiences.”
he’s quick with a pop culture reference
one of the ways enlivened was with an infusion of pop culture references. ricky, for example, names his dog tupac, after his favorite rapper. while hiding in the bush, the boy notes his plight is like lord of the rings. when ricky tells the woman from services that he is the terminator, she replies that actually sarah the first movie, before she could do pull-ups. and just one of a few barbs the welfare agent gets in, and they all make the final cut. “i saw her character as tommy lee jones from the fugitive. she lives in a movie fantasy,” says. “there’s one outtake we did with her where she did the entire last of the mohicans speech.” (she also has a catchphrase: “no child left behind.” however, realized he lifted that from george w. bush until someone pointed it out at sundance.)
he’s as excited about as we are
one of the great things about thor: is the return of fan favorite, who was absent from: age of ultron. no one is more aware of this than—not that he knows how going to use actor tom hiddleston. “at the moment, trying to figure it out, like ‘what’s he going to do?’” witty says. “everyone loves that character.”
he’s percent for to work with cate blanchett
rumors have been circulating for a while now that cate blanchett will be joining the in. ask, and get a long a “yes.” really? “look, so early not sure exactly what the extent of it is, but looking good,” he says, “which would make me very happy.” push further and ask if about the rumor that be playing thor nemesis hela, and you won't even get shot down. “yeah, the rumor the thing,” says. “i say anything. probably said way too much.”
he loves event horizon
when introducing neill at sundance, he presented him by saying “…from event horizon, the great sam neill.” one of’s favorite films. so much so that he bugged the actor to explain the movie to him on set. “he says he remember anything,” says. “he remembers it being really weird. i keep asking him to do the pin through the paper thing, but he remember how to do it. like ‘it’s two points, point a and point b, then you put a hole through it.’” ok, so maybe this have anything to do with how well make a superhero movie, but good taste in genre movies looks good on any cv.
he’ll never abandon his roots
waititi got where he is doing small indie projects in new zealand with his star clement. even though be spending the next year or more making a marvel movie, that mean stay in asgard forever. still like to make rabbit, a world war dramedy, as well as a movie about one of the recurring jokes in what we do in the shadows. “jemaine and i are writing a film that's going to follow the werewolves," he says. "it follows journey into becoming a werewolf and fitting in with the pack. got a bunch of tv ideas working on as well. i love the idea of doing these big things but i also very much like the films that i make. so always want to go back to doing that.” | ɪf ə fæn əv flaɪt əv ðə ər ðə ˈvæmpaɪr wət wi du ɪn ðə ˈʃæˌdoʊz ðɛn ju ɔˈrɛdi noʊ ɪz ˈeɪsɪz. ɛz ə dɪˈrɛktər, gɑt ən ˌɪmˈpɛkəbəl əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈbæləns ˈpeɪnfəl ˈərnəstnəs wɪθ ˈbaɪtɪŋ ˈhjumər. ənd ɛz ə ˈkɑmədi ˈraɪtər ənd ˈæktər, hi prəˈdusɪz ʤoʊks ðət lænd ˈɛvəri ɪf soʊ ˈsətəl ju ˈnoʊtɪs ɪt æt fərst. ðɪs həz ˈnɛvər bɪn mɔr tru ðən ɪn hənt fər ðə, wɪʧ prɛˈmɪrd æt ðə ˈsənˌdæns fɪlm ˈfɛstɪvəl ənd stɑrz sæm nil ɛz ə təf gaɪ hu ɛndz əp ɔn ðə læm ɪn ðə nu ˈzilənd bʊʃ wɪθ ə ˈfɑstər kɪd (ˈrɪˌki, pleɪd baɪ ˈnuˌkəmər ˈʤuljən ˈdɛnɪsən). bɛst ˈmuvi jɛt, ənd ɪt boʊdz wɛl fər hɪz nɛkst ˈprɑʤɛkt: θɔr:. jɛs, ˈæftər ə kərɪr əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ smɔl, ˈsətəl ˈmuviz laɪk ðə ˈstɛlər ˈigəl ˈvərsəz. ʃɑrk, nɛkst gɪg ɪz dɪˈrɛktɪŋ ðə θərd ˈmɑrvəl ˈmuvi əˈbaʊt ðə gɑd. ənd waɪl hɪz meɪ nɑt æt fərst glæns sim ˈsutɪd tɪ ən ˌɪntərˈstɛlər ˌsupərˈhiroʊ ˈɛpɪk, ðə weɪ dɪz ɪt, ðeɪ ər. (ˈrɪli, ɔl əv ðə ˈmuviz ʤɪst ˈfæməli mɪsədˈvɛnʧərz?) waɪ wi ʃʊd bi ˈvɛri ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ si wət dɪz ɪn ðə ˈmɑrvəl ˌsɪnəˈmætɪk ˈjunəˌvərs. noʊ ˈstreɪnʤər tɪ ˈpənʧɪŋ əp dɑrk sɔrs məˈtɪriəl dɪˈspaɪt ðə fækt ðət ˈvɛri məʧ ə ˈkɑmədi, hənt fər ðə ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli beɪst ɔn ə ˈsɪriəs ˈnɑvəl: ˈbɛri waɪld pɔrk ənd ˈwɔtərˌkrɛs. ɪn ðə bʊk ɪz funny,”*,” toʊld waɪərd æt ˈsənˌdæns. brɔt ɪn ɔl ðət kaɪnd əv stəf. ðə meɪn θɪŋ ˈteɪkən frəm ðə bʊk ɪz ðə hɑrt ənd soʊl əv ɪt: əˈbaʊt ə jəŋ bɔɪ groʊɪŋ əp, ənd ˈhævɪŋ ðə ˈkreɪziəst əv experiences.”*.” kwɪk wɪθ ə pɑp ˈkəlʧər ˈrɛfərəns wən əv ðə weɪz ɛnˈlaɪvənd wɑz wɪθ ən ˌɪnfˈjuʒən əv pɑp ˈkəlʧər ˈrɛfərənsɪz. ˈrɪˌki, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, neɪmz hɪz dɔg ˈtupɔk, ˈæftər hɪz ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈræpər. waɪl ˈhaɪdɪŋ ɪn ðə bʊʃ, ðə bɔɪ noʊts hɪz plaɪt ɪz laɪk lɔrd əv ðə rɪŋz. wɪn ˈrɪˌki tɛlz ðə ˈwʊmən frəm ˈsərvɪsɪz ðət hi ɪz ðə ˈtərməˌneɪtər, ʃi rɪˈplaɪz ðət ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈsɛrə ðə fərst ˈmuvi, ˌbiˈfɔr ʃi kʊd du pull-ups*. ənd ʤɪst wən əv ə fju bɑrbz ðə ˈwɛlˌfɛr ˈeɪʤənt gɪts ɪn, ənd ðeɪ ɔl meɪk ðə ˈfaɪnəl kət. sɔ hər ˈkɛrɪktər ɛz ˈtɑmi li ʤoʊnz frəm ðə fˈjuʤɪtɪv. ʃi lɪvz ɪn ə ˈmuvi fantasy,”*,” sɪz. wən ˈaʊˌteɪk wi dɪd wɪθ hər wɛr ʃi dɪd ðə ɪnˈtaɪər læst əv ðə ˌmoʊˈhikənz speech.”*.” (ʃi ˈɔlsoʊ həz ə catchphrase*: ʧaɪld lɛft behind.”*.” ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈriəˌlaɪzd hi ˈlɪftɪd ðət frəm ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ ənˈtɪl ˈsəmˌwən ˈpɔɪntɪd ɪt aʊt æt ˈsənˌdæns.) ɛz ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt ɛz wi ər wən əv ðə greɪt θɪŋz əˈbaʊt θɔr: ɪz ðə rɪˈtərn əv fæn ˈfeɪvərɪt, hu wɑz ˈæbsənt frəm: eɪʤ əv ultron*. noʊ wən ɪz mɔr əˈwɛr əv ðɪs ðən ðət hi noʊz haʊ goʊɪŋ tɪ juz ˈæktər tɑm hiddleston*. ðə ˈmoʊmənt, traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈfɪgjər ɪt aʊt, laɪk hi goʊɪŋ tɪ do?’”*?’” ˈwɪti sɪz. ləvz ðət character.”*.” pərˈsɛnt fər tɪ wərk wɪθ keɪt ˈblænʧɪt ˈrumərz hæv bɪn ˈsərkjəˌleɪtɪŋ fər ə waɪl naʊ ðət keɪt ˈblænʧɪt wɪl bi ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ðə ɪn. æsk, ənd gɪt ə lɔŋ ə ““yes.”*.” ˈrɪli? ““look*, soʊ ˈərli nɑt ʃʊr ɪgˈzæktli wət ðə ɪkˈstɛnt əv ɪt ɪz, bət ˈlʊkɪŋ good,”*,” hi sɪz, wʊd meɪk mi ˈvɛri happy.”*.” pʊʃ ˈfərðər ənd æsk ɪf əˈbaʊt ðə ˈrumər ðət bi pleɪɪŋ θɔr ˈnɛməsɪs hela*, ənd ju woʊnt ˈivɪn gɪt ʃɑt daʊn. ““yeah*, ðə ˈrumər ðə thing,”*,” sɪz. seɪ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. ˈprɑbəˌbli sɛd weɪ tu much.”*.” hi ləvz ɪˈvɛnt hərˈaɪzən wɪn ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ nil æt ˈsənˌdæns, hi pərˈzɛnəd ɪm baɪ seɪɪŋ ɪˈvɛnt hərˈaɪzən, ðə greɪt sæm neill.”*.” wən əv ˈfeɪvərɪt fɪlmz. soʊ məʧ soʊ ðət hi bəgd ðə ˈæktər tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðə ˈmuvi tɪ ɪm ɔn sɛt. sɪz hi rɪˈmɛmbər anything,”*,” sɪz. rɪˈmɛmbərz ɪt biɪŋ ˈrɪli wɪrd. aɪ kip ˈæskɪŋ ɪm tɪ du ðə pɪn θru ðə ˈpeɪpər θɪŋ, bət hi rɪˈmɛmbər haʊ tɪ du ɪt. laɪk tu pɔɪnts, pɔɪnt ə ənd pɔɪnt bi, ðɛn ju pʊt ə hoʊl θru it.’”*.’” ˈoʊˈkeɪ, soʊ ˈmeɪbi ðɪs hæv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ tɪ du wɪθ haʊ wɛl meɪk ə ˌsupərˈhiroʊ ˈmuvi, bət gʊd teɪst ɪn ˈʒɑnrə ˈmuviz lʊks gʊd ɔn ˈɛni cv*. ˈnɛvər əˈbændən hɪz ruts gɑt wɛr hi ɪz duɪŋ smɔl ˈɪndi ˈprɑʤɛkts ɪn nu ˈzilənd wɪθ hɪz stɑr ˈklɛmənt. ˈivɪn ðoʊ bi ˈspɛndɪŋ ðə nɛkst jɪr ər mɔr ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈmɑrvəl ˈmuvi, ðət min steɪ ɪn ˈɑsˌgɑrd fərˈɛvər. stɪl laɪk tɪ meɪk ˈræbɪt, ə wərld wɔr dramedy*, ɛz wɛl ɛz ə ˈmuvi əˈbaʊt wən əv ðə rɪˈkərɪŋ ʤoʊks ɪn wət wi du ɪn ðə ˈʃæˌdoʊz. ənd aɪ ər ˈraɪtɪŋ ə fɪlm ðæts goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ðə ˈwɛrˌwʊlvz," hi sɪz. "ɪt ˈfɑloʊz ˈʤərni ˈɪntu bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə ˈwɛrˌwʊlf ənd ˈfɪtɪŋ ɪn wɪθ ðə pæk. gɑt ə bənʧ əv ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən aɪˈdiəz ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ɛz wɛl. aɪ ləv ðə aɪˈdiə əv duɪŋ ðiz bɪg θɪŋz bət aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈvɛri məʧ laɪk ðə fɪlmz ðət aɪ meɪk. soʊ ˈɔlˌweɪz wɔnt tɪ goʊ bæk tɪ duɪŋ that.”*.” |
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