venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/aiohttp/_websocket/writer.py

"""WebSocket protocol versions 13 and 8."""

import asyncio
import random
from functools import partial
from typing import Any, Final, Optional, Union

from ..base_protocol import BaseProtocol
from ..client_exceptions import ClientConnectionResetError
from ..compression_utils import ZLibBackend, ZLibCompressor
from .helpers import (
    MASK_LEN,
    MSG_SIZE,
    PACK_CLOSE_CODE,
    PACK_LEN1,
    PACK_LEN2,
    PACK_LEN3,
    PACK_RANDBITS,
    websocket_mask,
)
from .models import WS_DEFLATE_TRAILING, WSMsgType

DEFAULT_LIMIT: Final[int] = 2**16

# For websockets, keeping latency low is extremely important as implementations
# generally expect to be able to send and receive messages quickly.  We use a
# larger chunk size than the default to reduce the number of executor calls
# since the executor is a significant source of latency and overhead when
# the chunks are small. A size of 5KiB was chosen because it is also the
# same value python-zlib-ng choose to use as the threshold to release the GIL.

WEBSOCKET_MAX_SYNC_CHUNK_SIZE = 5 * 1024


class WebSocketWriter:
    """WebSocket writer.

    The writer is responsible for sending messages to the client. It is
    created by the protocol when a connection is established. The writer
    should avoid implementing any application logic and should only be
    concerned with the low-level details of the WebSocket protocol.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        protocol: BaseProtocol,
        transport: asyncio.Transport,
        *,
        use_mask: bool = False,
        limit: int = DEFAULT_LIMIT,
        random: random.Random = random.Random(),
        compress: int = 0,
        notakeover: bool = False,
    ) -> None:
        """Initialize a WebSocket writer."""
        self.protocol = protocol
        self.transport = transport
        self.use_mask = use_mask
        self.get_random_bits = partial(random.getrandbits, 32)
        self.compress = compress
        self.notakeover = notakeover
        self._closing = False
        self._limit = limit
        self._output_size = 0
        self._compressobj: Any = None  # actually compressobj

    async def send_frame(
        self, message: bytes, opcode: int, compress: Optional[int] = None
    ) -> None:
        """Send a frame over the websocket with message as its payload."""
        if self._closing and not (opcode & WSMsgType.CLOSE):
            raise ClientConnectionResetError("Cannot write to closing transport")

        # RSV are the reserved bits in the frame header. They are used to
        # indicate that the frame is using an extension.
        # https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-5.2
        rsv = 0
        # Only compress larger packets (disabled)
        # Does small packet needs to be compressed?
        # if self.compress and opcode < 8 and len(message) > 124:
        if (compress or self.compress) and opcode < 8:
            # RSV1 (rsv = 0x40) is set for compressed frames
            # https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7692#section-7.2.3.1
            rsv = 0x40

            if compress:
                # Do not set self._compress if compressing is for this frame
                compressobj = self._make_compress_obj(compress)
            else:  # self.compress
                if not self._compressobj:
                    self._compressobj = self._make_compress_obj(self.compress)
                compressobj = self._compressobj

            message = (
                await compressobj.compress(message)
                + compressobj.flush(
                    ZLibBackend.Z_FULL_FLUSH
                    if self.notakeover
                    else ZLibBackend.Z_SYNC_FLUSH
                )
            ).removesuffix(WS_DEFLATE_TRAILING)
            # Its critical that we do not return control to the event
            # loop until we have finished sending all the compressed
            # data. Otherwise we could end up mixing compressed frames
            # if there are multiple coroutines compressing data.

        msg_length = len(message)

        use_mask = self.use_mask
        mask_bit = 0x80 if use_mask else 0

        # Depending on the message length, the header is assembled differently.
        # The first byte is reserved for the opcode and the RSV bits.
        first_byte = 0x80 | rsv | opcode
        if msg_length < 126:
            header = PACK_LEN1(first_byte, msg_length | mask_bit)
            header_len = 2
        elif msg_length < 65536:
            header = PACK_LEN2(first_byte, 126 | mask_bit, msg_length)
            header_len = 4
        else:
            header = PACK_LEN3(first_byte, 127 | mask_bit, msg_length)
            header_len = 10

        if self.transport.is_closing():
            raise ClientConnectionResetError("Cannot write to closing transport")

        # https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6455#section-5.3
        # If we are using a mask, we need to generate it randomly
        # and apply it to the message before sending it. A mask is
        # a 32-bit value that is applied to the message using a
        # bitwise XOR operation. It is used to prevent certain types
        # of attacks on the websocket protocol. The mask is only used
        # when aiohttp is acting as a client. Servers do not use a mask.
        if use_mask:
            mask = PACK_RANDBITS(self.get_random_bits())
            message = bytearray(message)
            websocket_mask(mask, message)
            self.transport.write(header + mask + message)
            self._output_size += MASK_LEN
        elif msg_length > MSG_SIZE:
            self.transport.write(header)
            self.transport.write(message)
        else:
            self.transport.write(header + message)

        self._output_size += header_len + msg_length

        # It is safe to return control to the event loop when using compression
        # after this point as we have already sent or buffered all the data.

        # Once we have written output_size up to the limit, we call the
        # drain helper which waits for the transport to be ready to accept
        # more data. This is a flow control mechanism to prevent the buffer
        # from growing too large. The drain helper will return right away
        # if the writer is not paused.
        if self._output_size > self._limit:
            self._output_size = 0
            if self.protocol._paused:
                await self.protocol._drain_helper()

    def _make_compress_obj(self, compress: int) -> ZLibCompressor:
        return ZLibCompressor(
            level=ZLibBackend.Z_BEST_SPEED,
            wbits=-compress,
            max_sync_chunk_size=WEBSOCKET_MAX_SYNC_CHUNK_SIZE,
        )

    async def close(self, code: int = 1000, message: Union[bytes, str] = b"") -> None:
        """Close the websocket, sending the specified code and message."""
        if isinstance(message, str):
            message = message.encode("utf-8")
        try:
            await self.send_frame(
                PACK_CLOSE_CODE(code) + message, opcode=WSMsgType.CLOSE
            )
        finally:
            self._closing = True