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# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
import abc
from collections import OrderedDict
from decimal import Decimal
import io
import itertools
import json
import string
import unittest
try:
import numpy as np
except ImportError:
np = None
import pytest
import pyarrow as pa
from pyarrow.json import read_json, open_json, ReadOptions, ParseOptions
def generate_col_names():
# 'a', 'b'... 'z', then 'aa', 'ab'...
letters = string.ascii_lowercase
yield from letters
for first in letters:
for second in letters:
yield first + second
def make_random_json(num_cols=2, num_rows=10, linesep='\r\n'):
arr = np.random.RandomState(42).randint(0, 1000, size=(num_cols, num_rows))
col_names = list(itertools.islice(generate_col_names(), num_cols))
lines = []
for row in arr.T:
json_obj = OrderedDict([(k, int(v)) for (k, v) in zip(col_names, row)])
lines.append(json.dumps(json_obj))
data = linesep.join(lines).encode()
columns = [pa.array(col, type=pa.int64()) for col in arr]
expected = pa.Table.from_arrays(columns, col_names)
return data, expected
def check_options_class_pickling(cls, pickler, **attr_values):
opts = cls(**attr_values)
new_opts = pickler.loads(pickler.dumps(opts,
protocol=pickler.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL))
for name, value in attr_values.items():
assert getattr(new_opts, name) == value
def test_read_options(pickle_module):
cls = ReadOptions
opts = cls()
assert opts.block_size > 0
opts.block_size = 12345
assert opts.block_size == 12345
assert opts.use_threads is True
opts.use_threads = False
assert opts.use_threads is False
opts = cls(block_size=1234, use_threads=False)
assert opts.block_size == 1234
assert opts.use_threads is False
check_options_class_pickling(cls, pickler=pickle_module,
block_size=1234,
use_threads=False)
def test_parse_options(pickle_module):
cls = ParseOptions
opts = cls()
assert opts.newlines_in_values is False
assert opts.explicit_schema is None
opts.newlines_in_values = True
assert opts.newlines_in_values is True
schema = pa.schema([pa.field('foo', pa.int32())])
opts.explicit_schema = schema
assert opts.explicit_schema == schema
assert opts.unexpected_field_behavior == "infer"
for value in ["ignore", "error", "infer"]:
opts.unexpected_field_behavior = value
assert opts.unexpected_field_behavior == value
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
opts.unexpected_field_behavior = "invalid-value"
check_options_class_pickling(cls, pickler=pickle_module,
explicit_schema=schema,
newlines_in_values=False,
unexpected_field_behavior="ignore")
class BaseTestJSON(abc.ABC):
@abc.abstractmethod
def read_bytes(self, b, **kwargs):
"""
:param b: bytes to be parsed
:param kwargs: arguments passed on to open the json file
:return: b parsed as a single Table
"""
raise NotImplementedError
def check_names(self, table, names):
assert table.num_columns == len(names)
assert [c.name for c in table.columns] == names
def test_block_sizes(self):
rows = b'{"a": 1}\n{"a": 2}\n{"a": 3}'
read_options = ReadOptions()
parse_options = ParseOptions()
for data in [rows, rows + b'\n']:
for newlines_in_values in [False, True]:
parse_options.newlines_in_values = newlines_in_values
read_options.block_size = 4
with pytest.raises(ValueError,
match="try to increase block size"):
self.read_bytes(data, read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
# Validate reader behavior with various block sizes.
# There used to be bugs in this area.
for block_size in range(9, 20):
read_options.block_size = block_size
table = self.read_bytes(data, read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
assert table.to_pydict() == {'a': [1, 2, 3]}
def test_no_newline_at_end(self):
rows = b'{"a": 1,"b": 2, "c": 3}\n{"a": 4,"b": 5, "c": 6}'
table = self.read_bytes(rows)
assert table.to_pydict() == {
'a': [1, 4],
'b': [2, 5],
'c': [3, 6],
}
def test_simple_ints(self):
# Infer integer columns
rows = b'{"a": 1,"b": 2, "c": 3}\n{"a": 4,"b": 5, "c": 6}\n'
table = self.read_bytes(rows)
schema = pa.schema([('a', pa.int64()),
('b', pa.int64()),
('c', pa.int64())])
assert table.schema == schema
assert table.to_pydict() == {
'a': [1, 4],
'b': [2, 5],
'c': [3, 6],
}
def test_simple_varied(self):
# Infer various kinds of data
rows = (b'{"a": 1,"b": 2, "c": "3", "d": false}\n'
b'{"a": 4.0, "b": -5, "c": "foo", "d": true}\n')
table = self.read_bytes(rows)
schema = pa.schema([('a', pa.float64()),
('b', pa.int64()),
('c', pa.string()),
('d', pa.bool_())])
assert table.schema == schema
assert table.to_pydict() == {
'a': [1.0, 4.0],
'b': [2, -5],
'c': ["3", "foo"],
'd': [False, True],
}
def test_simple_nulls(self):
# Infer various kinds of data, with nulls
rows = (b'{"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": null, "d": null, "e": null}\n'
b'{"a": null, "b": -5, "c": "foo", "d": null, "e": true}\n'
b'{"a": 4.5, "b": null, "c": "nan", "d": null,"e": false}\n')
table = self.read_bytes(rows)
schema = pa.schema([('a', pa.float64()),
('b', pa.int64()),
('c', pa.string()),
('d', pa.null()),
('e', pa.bool_())])
assert table.schema == schema
assert table.to_pydict() == {
'a': [1.0, None, 4.5],
'b': [2, -5, None],
'c': [None, "foo", "nan"],
'd': [None, None, None],
'e': [None, True, False],
}
def test_empty_lists(self):
# ARROW-10955: Infer list(null)
rows = b'{"a": []}'
table = self.read_bytes(rows)
schema = pa.schema([('a', pa.list_(pa.null()))])
assert table.schema == schema
assert table.to_pydict() == {'a': [[]]}
def test_empty_rows(self):
rows = b'{}\n{}\n'
table = self.read_bytes(rows)
schema = pa.schema([])
assert table.schema == schema
assert table.num_columns == 0
assert table.num_rows == 2
def test_explicit_schema_decimal(self):
rows = (b'{"a": 1}\n'
b'{"a": 1.45}\n'
b'{"a": -23.456}\n'
b'{}\n')
expected = {
'a': [Decimal("1"), Decimal("1.45"), Decimal("-23.456"), None],
}
decimal_types = (pa.decimal32, pa.decimal64, pa.decimal128, pa.decimal256)
for type_factory in decimal_types:
schema = pa.schema([('a', type_factory(9, 4))])
opts = ParseOptions(explicit_schema=schema)
table = self.read_bytes(rows, parse_options=opts)
assert table.schema == schema
assert table.to_pydict() == expected
def test_explicit_schema_with_unexpected_behaviour(self):
# infer by default
rows = (b'{"foo": "bar", "num": 0}\n'
b'{"foo": "baz", "num": 1}\n')
schema = pa.schema([
('foo', pa.binary())
])
opts = ParseOptions(explicit_schema=schema)
table = self.read_bytes(rows, parse_options=opts)
assert table.schema == pa.schema([
('foo', pa.binary()),
('num', pa.int64())
])
assert table.to_pydict() == {
'foo': [b'bar', b'baz'],
'num': [0, 1],
}
# ignore the unexpected fields
opts = ParseOptions(explicit_schema=schema,
unexpected_field_behavior="ignore")
table = self.read_bytes(rows, parse_options=opts)
assert table.schema == pa.schema([
('foo', pa.binary()),
])
assert table.to_pydict() == {
'foo': [b'bar', b'baz'],
}
# raise error
opts = ParseOptions(explicit_schema=schema,
unexpected_field_behavior="error")
with pytest.raises(pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error: unexpected field"):
self.read_bytes(rows, parse_options=opts)
@pytest.mark.numpy
def test_small_random_json(self):
data, expected = make_random_json(num_cols=2, num_rows=10)
table = self.read_bytes(data)
assert table.schema == expected.schema
assert table.equals(expected)
assert table.to_pydict() == expected.to_pydict()
@pytest.mark.numpy
def test_load_large_json(self):
data, expected = make_random_json(num_cols=2, num_rows=100100)
# set block size is 10MB
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=1024*1024*10)
table = self.read_bytes(data, read_options=read_options)
assert table.num_rows == 100100
assert expected.num_rows == 100100
@pytest.mark.numpy
def test_stress_block_sizes(self):
# Test a number of small block sizes to stress block stitching
data_base, expected = make_random_json(num_cols=2, num_rows=100)
read_options = ReadOptions()
parse_options = ParseOptions()
for data in [data_base, data_base.rstrip(b'\r\n')]:
for newlines_in_values in [False, True]:
parse_options.newlines_in_values = newlines_in_values
for block_size in [22, 23, 37]:
read_options.block_size = block_size
table = self.read_bytes(data, read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
assert table.schema == expected.schema
if not table.equals(expected):
# Better error output
assert table.to_pydict() == expected.to_pydict()
class BaseTestJSONRead(BaseTestJSON):
def read_bytes(self, b, **kwargs):
return self.read_json(pa.py_buffer(b), **kwargs)
def test_file_object(self):
data = b'{"a": 1, "b": 2}\n'
expected_data = {'a': [1], 'b': [2]}
bio = io.BytesIO(data)
table = self.read_json(bio)
assert table.to_pydict() == expected_data
# Text files not allowed
sio = io.StringIO(data.decode())
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
self.read_json(sio)
def test_reconcile_across_blocks(self):
# ARROW-12065: reconciling inferred types across blocks
first_row = b'{ }\n'
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=len(first_row))
for next_rows, expected_pylist in [
(b'{"a": 0}', [None, 0]),
(b'{"a": []}', [None, []]),
(b'{"a": []}\n{"a": [[1]]}', [None, [], [[1]]]),
(b'{"a": {}}', [None, {}]),
(b'{"a": {}}\n{"a": {"b": {"c": 1}}}',
[None, {"b": None}, {"b": {"c": 1}}]),
]:
table = self.read_bytes(first_row + next_rows,
read_options=read_options)
expected = {"a": expected_pylist}
assert table.to_pydict() == expected
# Check that the issue was exercised
assert table.column("a").num_chunks > 1
class BaseTestStreamingJSONRead(BaseTestJSON):
def open_json(self, json, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Reads the JSON file into memory using pyarrow's open_json
json The JSON bytes
args Positional arguments to be forwarded to pyarrow's open_json
kwargs Keyword arguments to be forwarded to pyarrow's open_json
"""
read_options = kwargs.setdefault('read_options', ReadOptions())
read_options.use_threads = self.use_threads
return open_json(json, *args, **kwargs)
def open_bytes(self, b, **kwargs):
return self.open_json(pa.py_buffer(b), **kwargs)
def check_reader(self, reader, expected_schema, expected_data):
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
batches = list(reader)
assert len(batches) == len(expected_data)
for batch, expected_batch in zip(batches, expected_data):
batch.validate(full=True)
assert batch.schema == expected_schema
assert batch.to_pydict() == expected_batch
def read_bytes(self, b, **kwargs):
return self.open_bytes(b, **kwargs).read_all()
def test_file_object(self):
data = b'{"a": 1, "b": 2}\n'
expected_data = {'a': [1], 'b': [2]}
bio = io.BytesIO(data)
reader = self.open_json(bio)
expected_schema = pa.schema([('a', pa.int64()),
('b', pa.int64())])
self.check_reader(reader, expected_schema, [expected_data])
def test_bad_first_chunk(self):
bad_first_chunk = b'{"i": 0 }\n{"i": 1}'
read_options = ReadOptions()
read_options.block_size = 3
with pytest.raises(
pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="straddling object straddles two block boundaries*"
):
self.open_bytes(bad_first_chunk, read_options=read_options)
def test_bad_middle_chunk(self):
bad_middle_chunk = b'{"i": 0}\n{"i": 1}\n{"i": 2}'
read_options = ReadOptions()
read_options.block_size = 10
expected_schema = pa.schema([('i', pa.int64())])
reader = self.open_bytes(bad_middle_chunk, read_options=read_options)
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == {
'i': [0]
}
with pytest.raises(
pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="straddling object straddles two block boundaries*"
):
reader.read_next_batch()
with pytest.raises(StopIteration):
reader.read_next_batch()
def test_bad_first_parse(self):
bad_first_block = b'{"n": }\n{"n": 10000}'
read_options = ReadOptions()
read_options.block_size = 16
with pytest.raises(pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error: Invalid value.*"):
self.open_bytes(bad_first_block, read_options=read_options)
def test_bad_middle_parse_after_empty(self):
bad_first_block = b'{ }{"n": }\n{"n": 10000}'
read_options = ReadOptions()
read_options.block_size = 16
with pytest.raises(pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error: Invalid value.*"):
self.open_bytes(bad_first_block, read_options=read_options)
def test_bad_middle_parse(self):
bad_middle_chunk = b'{"n": 1000}\n{"n": 200 00}\n{"n": 3000}'
read_options = ReadOptions()
read_options.block_size = 10
expected_schema = pa.schema([('n', pa.int64())])
reader = self.open_bytes(bad_middle_chunk, read_options=read_options)
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == {
'n': [1000]
}
with pytest.raises(
pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error:\
Missing a comma or '}' after an object member*"
):
reader.read_next_batch()
with pytest.raises(StopIteration):
reader.read_next_batch()
def test_non_linewise_chunker_first_block(self):
bad_middle_chunk = b'{"n": 0}{1}\n{"n": 2}'
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=10)
parse_options = ParseOptions(newlines_in_values=True)
expected_schema = pa.schema([('n', pa.int64())])
reader = self.open_bytes(
bad_middle_chunk,
read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == {
'n': [0]
}
with pytest.raises(pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error *"):
reader.read_next_batch()
with pytest.raises(StopIteration):
reader.read_next_batch()
def test_non_linewise_chunker_bad_first_block(self):
bad_middle_chunk = b'{"n": 0}{1}\n{"n": 2}'
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=10)
parse_options = ParseOptions(newlines_in_values=True)
expected_schema = pa.schema([('n', pa.int64())])
reader = self.open_bytes(
bad_middle_chunk,
read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == {
'n': [0]
}
with pytest.raises(pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error *"):
reader.read_next_batch()
with pytest.raises(StopIteration):
reader.read_next_batch()
def test_non_linewise_chunker_bad_middle_block(self):
bad_middle_chunk = b'{"n": 0}\n{"n": 1}\n{}"n":2}\n{"n": 3}'
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=10)
parse_options = ParseOptions(newlines_in_values=True)
expected_schema = pa.schema([('n', pa.int64())])
reader = self.open_bytes(
bad_middle_chunk,
read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == {
'n': [0]
}
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == {
'n': [1]
}
with pytest.raises(pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error *"):
reader.read_next_batch()
with pytest.raises(StopIteration):
reader.read_next_batch()
def test_ignore_leading_empty_blocks(self):
leading_empty_chunk = b' \n{"b": true, "s": "foo"}'
explicit_schema = pa.schema([
('b', pa.bool_()),
('s', pa.utf8())
])
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=24)
parse_options = ParseOptions(explicit_schema=explicit_schema)
expected_data = {
'b': [True], 's': ["foo"]
}
reader = self.open_bytes(
leading_empty_chunk,
read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
self.check_reader(reader, explicit_schema, [expected_data])
def test_inference(self):
rows = b'{"a": 0, "b": "foo" }\n\
{"a": 1, "c": true }\n{"a": 2, "d": 4.0}'
expected_schema = pa.schema([
('a', pa.int64()),
('b', pa.utf8())
])
expected_data = {'a': [0], 'b': ["foo"]}
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=32)
parse_options = ParseOptions(unexpected_field_behavior="infer")
reader = self.open_bytes(
rows,
read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == expected_data
with pytest.raises(pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error: unexpected field"):
reader.read_next_batch()
expected_schema = pa.schema([
('a', pa.int64()),
('b', pa.utf8()),
('c', pa.bool_()),
])
expected_data = {'a': [0, 1], 'b': ["foo", None], 'c': [None, True]}
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=64)
reader = self.open_bytes(rows, read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == expected_data
with pytest.raises(pa.ArrowInvalid,
match="JSON parse error: unexpected field"):
reader.read_next_batch()
expected_schema = pa.schema([
('a', pa.int64()),
('b', pa.utf8()),
('c', pa.bool_()),
('d', pa.float64()),
])
expected_data = {'a': [0, 1, 2], 'b': ["foo", None, None],
'c': [None, True, None], 'd': [None, None, 4.0]}
read_options = ReadOptions(block_size=96)
reader = self.open_bytes(rows, read_options=read_options,
parse_options=parse_options)
assert reader.schema == expected_schema
assert reader.read_next_batch().to_pydict() == expected_data
class TestSerialJSONRead(BaseTestJSONRead, unittest.TestCase):
def read_json(self, *args, **kwargs):
read_options = kwargs.setdefault('read_options', ReadOptions())
read_options.use_threads = False
table = read_json(*args, **kwargs)
table.validate(full=True)
return table
class TestParallelJSONRead(BaseTestJSONRead, unittest.TestCase):
def read_json(self, *args, **kwargs):
read_options = kwargs.setdefault('read_options', ReadOptions())
read_options.use_threads = True
table = read_json(*args, **kwargs)
table.validate(full=True)
return table
class TestSerialStreamingJSONRead(BaseTestStreamingJSONRead, unittest.TestCase):
use_threads = False
@pytest.mark.threading
class TestThreadedStreamingJSONRead(BaseTestStreamingJSONRead, unittest.TestCase):
use_threads = True
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