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it is a calculated shift to the left, forsaking the wider appeal that comes with the rhetorical consensus on private wealth creation, in favour of the appeal of more public spending and an openly redistributive agenda. opposition leader bill shorten on the campaign at a solar wholesale distributor in brisbane. remember kevin 2007 claim to be a "fiscal conservative" backed up by his dramatic campaign taunt to john howard that "this sort of reckless spending must stop"? not this time. transparently, labor's pledge to put fairness before fiscal repair is an attempt to the public of tony abbott's disastrously harsh 2014 budget and where possible, tie turnbull to it - and its plethora of broken promises - as firmly as possible.
but it comes with a heavy price because it necessitates trenchant opposition to the new liberal agenda as much as it does to the old abbott model of punitive welfare cuts. moreover, it exposes shorten labor to the charge, now being increasingly made, that labor has become hostile to private capital. opposition leader bill shorten addresses labor supporters during the campaign. warming to this theme, turnbull called shorten "the most agenda of any labor leader in a generation" on wednesday. even wayne swan declared the contest over company tax cuts and more spending amounted to "a class war in australia". electorally, in the wake of the years, approach the of the with its disillusioned base over attracting the extra voters needed to win an election. and that in turn explains why insiders in both camps report labor is doing better in its heartland - i.e. safe seats it already holds - than it is in the where swinging voters will decide the election. mr shorten poses for selfies with labor supporters.
the result could be a repeat of 1998 - a sizeable swing to labor for only a modest return of new seats. yet for shorten personally, that would bring an of affection from the labor faithful, casting him as a defeated leader who had fought the good fight for "labor" values - very useful if your challenger is the darling of the rank-and-file, the left's anthony albanese. all of this suggests shorten may well be already thinking about his own survival as leader beyond the horizon. don't expect him to use the term or even to accept the logic, but the inescapable conclusion is that he has a strategy having concluded months ago that gaining the 19 coalition seats needed to win on july 2 is unachievable. inevitably, he will deny this as he must. but such thinking would only be prudent. shorten is no fool, and knew when seeking the leadership after the 2013 rout that it was potentially a poisoned chalice. no labor leader has lasted a full term, let alone two, since kim beazley in the late - and that goes for two elected prime ministers as well. back then, shorten would have assumed victory was a even against abbott, but the advent of the more appealing turnbull has made this approach extremely difficult and the approach all the more realistic.
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ɪt ɪz ə ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd ʃɪft tɪ ðə lɛft, fɔrˈseɪkɪŋ ðə ˈwaɪdər əˈpil ðət kəmz wɪθ ðə rɪˈtɔrɪkəl kənˈsɛnsəs ɔn ˈpraɪvət wɛlθ kriˈeɪʃən, ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ðə əˈpil əv mɔr ˈpəblɪk ˈspɛndɪŋ ənd ən ˈoʊpənli ridɪˈstrɪbjətɪv əˈʤɛndə. ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ˈlidər bɪl ˈʃɔrtən ɔn ðə kæmˈpeɪn æt ə ˈsoʊlər ˈhoʊlˌseɪl dɪˈstrɪbjətər ɪn ˈbrɪzˌbeɪn. rɪˈmɛmbər ˈkɛvɪn 2007 kleɪm tɪ bi ə "ˈfɪskəl kənˈsərvətɪv" bækt əp baɪ hɪz drəˈmætɪk kæmˈpeɪn tɔnt tɪ ʤɑn haʊərd ðət "ðɪs sɔrt əv ˈrɛkləs ˈspɛndɪŋ məst stɑp"? nɑt ðɪs taɪm. trænˈspɛrəntli, ˈleɪbərz plɛʤ tɪ pʊt ˈfɛrnəs ˌbiˈfɔr ˈfɪskəl rɪˈpɛr ɪz ən əˈtɛmpt tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk əv ˈtoʊni ˈæbəts dɪˈzæstrəsli hɑrʃ 2014 ˈbəʤɪt ənd wɛr ˈpɑsəbəl, taɪ ˈtərnˌbʊl tɪ ɪt ənd ɪts ˈplɛθərə əv ˈbroʊkən ˈprɑməsəz ɛz ˈfərmli ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. bət ɪt kəmz wɪθ ə ˈhɛvi praɪs bɪˈkəz ɪt nəˈsɛsəˌteɪts ˈtrɛnʧənt ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə nu ˈlɪˌbərəl əˈʤɛndə ɛz məʧ ɛz ɪt dɪz tɪ ðə oʊld ˈæbət ˈmɑdəl əv ˈpjunətɪv ˈwɛlˌfɛr kəts. mɔˈroʊvər, ɪt ɪkˈspoʊzɪz ˈʃɔrtən ˈleɪbər tɪ ðə ʧɑrʤ, naʊ biɪŋ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli meɪd, ðət ˈleɪbər həz bɪˈkəm ˈhɑstəl tɪ ˈpraɪvət ˈkæpɪtəl. ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ˈlidər bɪl ˈʃɔrtən ˈæˈdrɛsɪz ˈleɪbər səˈpɔrtərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə kæmˈpeɪn. ˈwɔrmɪŋ tɪ ðɪs θim, ˈtərnˌbʊl kɔld ˈʃɔrtən "ðə moʊst əˈʤɛndə əv ˈɛni ˈleɪbər ˈlidər ɪn ə ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən" ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. ˈivɪn weɪn swɔn dɪˈklɛrd ðə ˈkɑntɛst ˈoʊvər ˈkəmpəˌni tæks kəts ənd mɔr ˈspɛndɪŋ əˈmaʊnɪd tɪ "ə klæs wɔr ɪn ɔˈstreɪljə". electorally*, ɪn ðə weɪk əv ðə jɪrz, əˈproʊʧ ðə əv ðə wɪθ ɪts ˌdɪsɪˈluʒənd beɪs ˈoʊvər əˈtræktɪŋ ðə ˈɛkstrə ˈvoʊtərz ˈnidɪd tɪ wɪn ən ɪˈlɛkʃən. ənd ðət ɪn tərn ɪkˈspleɪnz waɪ ˌɪnˈsaɪdərz ɪn boʊθ kæmps rɪˈpɔrt ˈleɪbər ɪz duɪŋ ˈbɛtər ɪn ɪts ˈhɑrˌtlænd i.e*. seɪf sits ɪt ɔˈrɛdi hoʊldz ðən ɪt ɪz ɪn ðə wɛr sˈwɪŋɪŋ ˈvoʊtərz wɪl ˌdɪˈsaɪd ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən. ˈmɪstər ˈʃɔrtən ˈpoʊzɪz fər ˈsɛlˌfiz wɪθ ˈleɪbər səˈpɔrtərz. ðə rɪˈzəlt kʊd bi ə rɪˈpit əv 1998 ə ˈsaɪzəbəl swɪŋ tɪ ˈleɪbər fər ˈoʊnli ə ˈmɑdəst rɪˈtərn əv nu sits. jɛt fər ˈʃɔrtən ˈpərsənəli, ðət wʊd brɪŋ ən əv əˈfɛkʃən frəm ðə ˈleɪbər ˈfeɪθfəl, ˈkæstɪŋ ɪm ɛz ə dɪˈfitɪd ˈlidər hu hæd fɔt ðə gʊd faɪt fər "ˈleɪbər" ˈvæljuz ˈvɛri ˈjusfəl ɪf jʊr ˈʧælɪnʤər ɪz ðə ˈdɑrlɪŋ əv ðə rank-and-file*, ðə lɛfts ˈænθɔˌni ɑlbɑˈneɪzi. ɔl əv ðɪs səˈʤɛsts ˈʃɔrtən meɪ wɛl bi ɔˈrɛdi ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt hɪz oʊn sərˈvaɪvəl ɛz ˈlidər bɪɔnd ðə hərˈaɪzən. doʊnt ɪkˈspɛkt ɪm tɪ juz ðə tərm ər ˈivɪn tɪ əkˈsɛpt ðə ˈlɑʤɪk, bət ðə ˌɪnɪˈskeɪpəbəl kənˈkluʒən ɪz ðət hi həz ə ˈstrætəʤi ˈhævɪŋ kənˈkludɪd mənθs əˈgoʊ ðət ˈgeɪnɪŋ ðə 19 ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən sits ˈnidɪd tɪ wɪn ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2 ɪz unachievable*. ˌɪˈnɛvətəbli, hi wɪl dɪˈnaɪ ðɪs ɛz hi məst. bət səʧ ˈθɪŋkɪŋ wʊd ˈoʊnli bi ˈprudənt. ˈʃɔrtən ɪz noʊ ful, ənd nu wɪn ˈsikɪŋ ðə ˈlidərˌʃɪp ˈæftər ðə 2013 raʊt ðət ɪt wɑz pəˈtɛnʃəli ə ˈpɔɪzənd ˈʧælɪs. noʊ ˈleɪbər ˈlidər həz ˈlæstɪd ə fʊl tərm, lɛt əˈloʊn tu, sɪns kɪm ˈbizˌli ɪn ðə leɪt ənd ðət goʊz fər tu ɪˈlɛktɪd praɪm ˈmɪnɪstərz ɛz wɛl. bæk ðɛn, ˈʃɔrtən wʊd hæv əˈsumd ˈvɪktəri wɑz ə ˈivɪn əˈgɛnst ˈæbət, bət ðə ˈædˌvɛnt əv ðə mɔr əˈpilɪŋ ˈtərnˌbʊl həz meɪd ðɪs əˈproʊʧ ɪkˈstrimli ˈdɪfəkəlt ənd ðə əˈproʊʧ ɔl ðə mɔr ˌriəˈlɪstɪk.
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kuala lumpur: the missing malaysia airlines plane flew for one hour and 10 minutes after malaysian aviation authorities saw it vanish from radar over the south china sea and travelled hundreds of kilometres off course, according to a senior malaysian air force official quoted by cnn.
according to the official, who had asked not to be named, the plane flew in the opposite direction from its scheduled flight path from kuala lumpur to beijing with its communications equipment turned off and was last seen over a tiny island called in the strait of malacca.
why the pilot would be travelling in the wrong direction deepens the mystery about the fate of the plane but raises the possibility of a hijacking or technical fault that caused the pilots to not know what direction they were flying.
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kˈwɑlə ˌləmˈpʊr: ðə ˈmɪsɪŋ məˈleɪʒə ˈɛˌrlaɪnz pleɪn flu fər wən aʊər ənd 10 ˈmɪnəts ˈæftər məˈleɪʒən ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən əˈθɔrətiz sɔ ɪt ˈvænɪʃ frəm ˈreɪˌdɑr ˈoʊvər ðə saʊθ ˈʧaɪnə si ənd ˈtrævəld ˈhənərdz əv ˌkɪˈlɔˌmətərz ɔf kɔrs, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈsinjər məˈleɪʒən ɛr fɔrs əˈfɪʃəl kˈwoʊtɪd baɪ ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə əˈfɪʃəl, hu hæd æst nɑt tɪ bi neɪmd, ðə pleɪn flu ɪn ðə ˈɑpəzɪt dɪˈrɛkʃɪn frəm ɪts ˈskɛʤʊld flaɪt pæθ frəm kˈwɑlə ˌləmˈpʊr tɪ ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ wɪθ ɪts kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ɪkˈwɪpmənt tərnd ɔf ənd wɑz læst sin ˈoʊvər ə ˈtaɪni ˈaɪlənd kɔld ɪn ðə streɪt əv məˈlækə. waɪ ðə ˈpaɪlət wʊd bi ˈtrævəlɪŋ ɪn ðə rɔŋ dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ˈdipənz ðə ˈmɪstəri əˈbaʊt ðə feɪt əv ðə pleɪn bət ˈreɪzɪz ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ə ˈhaɪˌʤækɪŋ ər ˈtɛknɪkəl fɔlt ðət kɔzd ðə ˈpaɪləts tɪ nɑt noʊ wət dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ðeɪ wər flaɪɪŋ.
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uss reasoner) was a frigate of the united states navy, named in honor of lt. frank s. reasoner, awarded the medal of honor posthumously in the vietnam war.
construction [ edit ]
reasoner was laid down 6 january 1969, by lockheed shipbuilding and construction company, seattle, washington, and launched 1 august 1970, by mrs. james c. curry and mrs. robert svinger. reasoner was commissioned 31 july 1971, cmdr. francisco velazquez-suarez, usn, commanding. her hull number, originally, was changed in 1975.
design and description [ edit ]
the design was derived from the frigate, modified to extend range and without a long-range missile system. the ships had an overall length of 438 feet (133.5 m), a beam of 47 feet (14.3 m) and a draft of 25 feet (7.6 m). they displaced long tons (4,131 t) at full load. their crew consisted of 13 officers and 211 enlisted]
the warships were equipped with one westinghouse geared steam turbine that drove the single propeller shaft. the turbine was designed to produce shaft horsepower (26,000 kw), using steam provided by two boilers, to reach the designed speed of 27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph). the knox class had a range of nautical miles (8,300 km; mi) at a speed of 20 knots (37 km/h; 23]
the ships were armed with a caliber mark 42 gun forward and a single caliber gun aft. they mounted an launcher between the (127 mm) gun and the bridge. defense was provided by two twin (324 mm) 32 torpedo tubes. the ships were equipped with a dash drone helicopter; its hangar and landing pad were positioned amidships aft of the mack. beginning in the 1970s, the dash was replaced by a lamps i helicopter and the hangar and landing deck were accordingly enlarged. most ships also had the (76 mm) gun replaced by an missile launcher in the early]
service history [ edit ]
reasoner first deployed with 31 "lamps" in 1973 to southeast asia and took part in operation end sweep (the removal of mines in harbor). reasoner was decommissioned on 28 august 1993, and subsequently leased to turkey, where the ship was as kocatepe. on 22 february 2002, she was finally purchased by turkey. on 4 may 2005, the ship was used as a target and sunk in the mediterranean]
in popular culture [ edit ]
awards and decorations [ edit ]
joint meritorious unit award
navy unit commendation
navy meritorious unit commendation
navy "e" ribbon (2)
navy expeditionary medal
national defense service medal star
armed forces expeditionary medal star
southwest asia service medal star
humanitarian service medal star
navy sea service deployment ribbon
kuwait liberation medal (kuwait)
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notes [ edit ]
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ˈjuˈɛˈsɛs ˈrizənər wɑz ə ˈfrɪgət əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈneɪvi, neɪmd ɪn ˈɑnər əv lt*. fræŋk ɛs. ˈrizənər, əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər ˈpɑsʧʊməsli ɪn ðə viˌɛtˈnɑm wɔr. kənˈstrəkʃən ˈɛdət ˈrizənər wɑz leɪd daʊn 6 ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1969 baɪ ˈlɑˌkhid ˈʃɪpˌbɪldɪŋ ənd kənˈstrəkʃən ˈkəmpəˌni, siˈætəl, ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, ənd lɔnʧt 1 ˈɔgəst 1970 baɪ ˈmɪsɪz. ʤeɪmz si. ˈkəri ənd ˈmɪsɪz. ˈrɑbərt svinger*. ˈrizənər wɑz kəˈmɪʃənd 31 ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1971 cmdr*. frænˈsɪskoʊ velazquez-suarez*, usn*, kəˈmændɪŋ. hər həl ˈnəmbər, ərˈɪʤənəli wɑz ʧeɪnʤd ɪn 1975 dɪˈzaɪn ənd dɪˈskrɪpʃən ˈɛdət ðə dɪˈzaɪn wɑz dəraɪvd frəm ðə ˈfrɪgət, ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd tɪ ɪkˈstɛnd reɪnʤ ənd wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈlɔŋˈreɪnʤ ˈmɪsəl ˈsɪstəm. ðə ʃɪps hæd ən ˈoʊvərˌɔl lɛŋθ əv 438 fit ɛm), ə bim əv 47 fit ɛm) ənd ə dræft əv 25 fit ɛm). ðeɪ dɪˈspleɪst lɔŋ tənz ti) æt fʊl loʊd. ðɛr kru kənˈsɪstɪd əv 13 ˈɔfɪsərz ənd 211 ˌɛnˈlɪstɪd ðə ˈwɔrˌʃɪps wər ɪkˈwɪpt wɪθ wən ˈwɛstɪŋˌhaʊs gɪrd stim ˈtərbaɪn ðət droʊv ðə ˈsɪŋgəl prəˈpɛlər ʃæft. ðə ˈtərbaɪn wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ ˈproʊdus ʃæft ˈhɔrˌspaʊər kw*), ˈjuzɪŋ stim prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ tu ˈbɔɪlərz, tɪ riʧ ðə dɪˈzaɪnd spid əv 27 nɑts 50 km/h*; 31 ˈɛmˈpiˈeɪʧ). ðə nɑks klæs hæd ə reɪnʤ əv ˈnɔtəkəl maɪəlz km*; mi) æt ə spid əv 20 nɑts 37 km/h*; 23 ðə ʃɪps wər ɑrmd wɪθ ə ˈkæləbər mɑrk 42 gən ˈfɔrwərd ənd ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈkæləbər gən æft. ðeɪ ˈmaʊnɪd ən ˈlɔnʧər bɪtˈwin ðə 127 mm*) gən ənd ðə brɪʤ. dɪˈfɛns wɑz prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ tu twɪn 324 mm*) 32 tɔrˈpiˌdoʊ tubz. ðə ʃɪps wər ɪkˈwɪpt wɪθ ə dæʃ droʊn ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər; ɪts ˈhæŋər ənd ˈlændɪŋ pæd wər pəˈzɪʃənd əˈmɪdʃɪps æft əv ðə mæk. bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɪn ðə 1970s*, ðə dæʃ wɑz ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ə læmps aɪ ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər ənd ðə ˈhæŋər ənd ˈlændɪŋ dɛk wər əˈkɔrdɪŋli ˌɛnˈlɑrʤd. moʊst ʃɪps ˈɔlsoʊ hæd ðə 76 mm*) gən ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ən ˈmɪsəl ˈlɔnʧər ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈsərvɪs ˈhɪstəri ˈɛdət ˈrizənər fərst dɪˈplɔɪd wɪθ 31 "læmps" ɪn 1973 tɪ ˌsaʊˈθist ˈeɪʒə ənd tʊk pɑrt ɪn ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ɛnd swip (ðə rɪˈmuvəl əv maɪnz ɪn ˈhɑrbər). ˈrizənər wɑz dikəˈmɪʃənd ɔn 28 ˈɔgəst 1993 ənd ˈsəbsəkwəntli list tɪ ˈtərki, wɛr ðə ʃɪp wɑz ɛz kocatepe*. ɔn 22 ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2002 ʃi wɑz ˈfaɪnəli ˈpərʧəst baɪ ˈtərki. ɔn 4 meɪ 2005 ðə ʃɪp wɑz juzd ɛz ə ˈtərgət ənd səŋk ɪn ðə ˌmɛdətərˈeɪniən ɪn ˈpɑpjələr ˈkəlʧər ˈɛdət əˈwɔrdz ənd ˌdɛkərˈeɪʃənz ˈɛdət ʤɔɪnt ˌmɛrəˈtɔriəs ˈjunɪt əˈwɔrd ˈneɪvi ˈjunɪt ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən ˈneɪvi ˌmɛrəˈtɔriəs ˈjunɪt ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən ˈneɪvi "i" ˈrɪbən 2 ˈneɪvi ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəˌnɛri ˈmɛdəl ˈnæʃənəl dɪˈfɛns ˈsərvɪs ˈmɛdəl stɑr ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəˌnɛri ˈmɛdəl stɑr ˌsaʊθˈwɛst ˈeɪʒə ˈsərvɪs ˈmɛdəl stɑr ˌjuˌmænəˈtɛriən ˈsərvɪs ˈmɛdəl stɑr ˈneɪvi si ˈsərvɪs dɪˈplɔɪmənt ˈrɪbən kuˈweɪt ˌlɪˌbərˈeɪʃən ˈmɛdəl (kuˈweɪt) 5 noʊts ˈɛdət
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tuesday will mark the end of the line for four of the 12 olympic teams while the other eight will be placed into the bracket where they will be two wins away from the podium. like it or loathe it, the format means two of the three finishers will advance and it also means any team could land on either side of the knockout bracket. there is also the matter of third place teams landing in different spots depending on which other third place team gets though. plenty of possibilities for a small tournament.
what we know so far is that brazil, canada, and the united states are assured of thes and every team is mathematically alive, even if some of the equations are scant and some of the necessary results would redefine the soccer upset.
here is how it breaks down:
third place note: if the third place team from group e gets through it will be drawn against the group g winner; if the third place team from group g gets through it will be drawn against the group e winner; if the third place team from group f gets through it will be drawn into the open slot based on the previous two possibilities
group g
united states: the defending champions are a draw against colombia away from winning group g. that would line them up against the finisher in group e or f. it would also put them in the same half as the group e certain to be brazil. it would also mean being in the same half as germany or australia (barring a zimbabwe result against australia) though whether that would be a or potential semifinal depends on how the scenario plays out. that might prove to be the more difficult half but the fact is every other team would be happier to avoid the u.s. than the u.s. would be to avoid them.
france: assuming the u.s. handles colombia it will take only a draw against new zealand to secure second in the group (if the u.s. lose, france wins the group with a victory regardless of the score of either match) and a daunting date with the group f winner which is down to canada or germany. if they get tripped up by the will have abby erceg after her red card was will still take a cataclysmic series of other results to send them home and third place from this group will face the group e winner, again almost certainly brazil.
new zealand: a draw will assure the football ferns a place in thes and even a narrow loss is likely to get it done. and of course if they upset france they are certainly through as runner-up and even in with a mathematical chance to win the group.
if they lose as most expect it will come down to either zimbabwe getting a result against australia or more realistically the final score in the match. assume australia beat zimbabwe and focus on new chances for advancing as the other third place finisher even without a result against the french. they are currently in the goal difference column, the same as china and two better than sweden. so they will need to keep it close enough to beat out the loser of that match on goal difference. the second is total goals and new zealand current have 1 while china and sweden both have 2.
the schedule does not work out in new favor either. if they lose then both china and sweden are through with a draw and new zealand are out (again assuming australia beat zimbabwe) and with new zealand playing first, a loss to france could pave the way for china and sweden to lull each other to sleep to prepare for the quarters.
colombia: colombia need to beat the united said?
probably, but since we assume anything, it is notable that even a shocking upset of the best team in the world could well leave colombia at the bottom of the group on goal difference. but if they can somehow do it and manage to turn around their goal difference deficit against the zealand loser (if those two draw, colombia are out) they would still need to hope that either: china and sweden draw and the score is lopsided enough to help on goal difference or australia does not beat zimbabwe.
group f
canada: the conspiracy theorists began shouting the moment buchanan took a yellow card against zimbabwe that defied explanation. is john herdman sandbagging to try and finish second in the group for a against the group e runner-up (likely the winner)? if canada get a result against germany they will win the group and face the group g runner-up (likely france). either way, by securing a top two spot it means they see the group g winner (likely the united states) until the gold medal match.
there could be another good reason to try and sandbag against germany. the kooky setup of the bracket means the top two teams in the group are on a semifinal collision course. either way, herdman and the 2012 bronze medalists are undoubtedly thrilled to have a top two spot locked up before kicking off against the germans.
germany: math says germany is not booked to stay in the tournament beyond tuesday, but would take a loss by at least eight goals to even start the conversation. realistically they will win the group by beating canada and finish second by losing or drawing. see above for what that means.
australia: it been the tournament the were hoping for to this point, but there should still be time to salvage things. and if they beat zimbabwe they will be through almost certainly as the third place finisher which means they will get the group e or g winner depending on which other third place team advances. australia currently trail germany by 7 on goal difference and can finish second by making that up in a win combined with a germany loss to canada. anything other than a win sends australia home.
zimbabwe: no one expected zimbabwe to do anything but finish last in this group and they will do just that barring a monumental upset of australia. to advance they have to win and make up at least 6 in the goal difference column on the losers of and zealand.
group e
brazil: after passing the sweden test with flying colors the hosts are in the catbird seat in group e and will finish top with a draw against south africa and maybe even if they get since dominating the group on goal difference. winning the group will put them in the same half as the united states (assuming they win group g), but the brazilians will have a keen interest in what goes on with the third place teams. if new zealand gets through from group g they will face the group e winner, but if a team from group gets through that means the samba queens will see australia or germany in the quarters.
china: the chinese are a draw away from second place in group e and watching sweden through two matches that sound as outlandish as it may have even a few weeks ago. even if they lose china are in a good position on goal difference to get through so long as new zealand and france draw (assuming australia win). if they finish second, the group f runner-up awaits. if they finish third and advance, the group g winner the united states.
china can still mathematically win the group if south africa can shock brazil but the current margin in goal difference in. a south africa upset could also send the chinese to the bottom of the group should they fall to sweden.
sweden: saturday night only felt like the end for sweden when they were massacred by brazil following a dull, victory over south africa. but if they beat china it will be on to thes. a loss or draw though and the swedes will be in trouble. if they draw and every third place team ends up on 4 points they are out. if they lose it will depend on goal difference but at they are already behind france and new zealand and they would have to beat out the loser of that match or hope zimbabwe can get at least a draw against australia. the good news is that group e plays last on the day so pia side will have it all in front of them at kickoff.
south africa: the team that held the united states to in a friendly last month is in a world of trouble. for starters they need beat brazil to have any chance. beyond that they would have to make up goal difference on the loser of and the loser of zealand while hoping that neither of those end in draws. the only other path involved australia not beating zimbabwe.
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ˈtuzˌdeɪ wɪl mɑrk ðə ɛnd əv ðə laɪn fər fɔr əv ðə 12 oʊˈlɪmpɪk timz waɪl ðə ˈəðər eɪt wɪl bi pleɪst ˈɪntu ðə ˈbrækɪt wɛr ðeɪ wɪl bi tu wɪnz əˈweɪ frəm ðə ˈpoʊdiəm. laɪk ɪt ər loʊð ɪt, ðə ˈfɔrˌmæt minz tu əv ðə θri ˈfɪnɪʃərz wɪl ədˈvæns ənd ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ minz ˈɛni tim kʊd lænd ɔn ˈiðər saɪd əv ðə ˈnɑˌkaʊt ˈbrækɪt. ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ˈmætər əv θərd pleɪs timz ˈlændɪŋ ɪn ˈdɪfərənt spɑts dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn wɪʧ ˈəðər θərd pleɪs tim gɪts ðoʊ. ˈplɛnti əv ˌpɑsəˈbɪlətiz fər ə smɔl ˈtʊrnəmənt. wət wi noʊ soʊ fɑr ɪz ðət brəˈzɪl, ˈkænədə, ənd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ər əˈʃʊrd əv ðə ənd ˈɛvəri tim ɪz ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəli əˈlaɪv, ˈivɪn ɪf səm əv ðə ɪkˈweɪʒənz ər skænt ənd səm əv ðə ˈnɛsəˌsɛri rɪˈzəlts wʊd ridɪˈfaɪn ðə ˈsɑkər ˈəpˌsɛt. hir ɪz haʊ ɪt breɪks daʊn: θərd pleɪs noʊt: ɪf ðə θərd pleɪs tim frəm grup i gɪts θru ɪt wɪl bi drɔn əˈgɛnst ðə grup ʤi ˈwɪnər; ɪf ðə θərd pleɪs tim frəm grup ʤi gɪts θru ɪt wɪl bi drɔn əˈgɛnst ðə grup i ˈwɪnər; ɪf ðə θərd pleɪs tim frəm grup ɛf gɪts θru ɪt wɪl bi drɔn ˈɪntu ðə ˈoʊpən slɑt beɪst ɔn ðə ˈpriviəs tu ˌpɑsəˈbɪlətiz grup ʤi juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts: ðə dɪˈfɛndɪŋ ˈʧæmpiənz ər ə drɔ əˈgɛnst kəˈləmbiə əˈweɪ frəm ˈwɪnɪŋ grup ʤi. ðət wʊd laɪn ðɛm əp əˈgɛnst ðə ˈfɪnɪʃər ɪn grup i ər ɛf. ɪt wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ pʊt ðɛm ɪn ðə seɪm hæf ɛz ðə grup i ˈsərtən tɪ bi brəˈzɪl. ɪt wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ min biɪŋ ɪn ðə seɪm hæf ɛz ˈʤərməni ər ɔˈstreɪljə (ˈbɑrɪŋ ə zɪmˈbɑbweɪ rɪˈzəlt əˈgɛnst ɔˈstreɪljə) ðoʊ ˈwɛðər ðət wʊd bi ə ər pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌsɛmɪˈfaɪnəl dɪˈpɛndz ɔn haʊ ðə sɪˈnɛrioʊ pleɪz aʊt. ðət maɪt pruv tɪ bi ðə mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt hæf bət ðə fækt ɪz ˈɛvəri ˈəðər tim wʊd bi ˈhæpiər tɪ əˈvɔɪd ðə juz. ðən ðə juz. wʊd bi tɪ əˈvɔɪd ðɛm. fræns: əˈsumɪŋ ðə juz. ˈhændəlz kəˈləmbiə ɪt wɪl teɪk ˈoʊnli ə drɔ əˈgɛnst nu ˈzilənd tɪ sɪˈkjʊr ˈsɛkənd ɪn ðə grup (ɪf ðə juz. luz, fræns wɪnz ðə grup wɪθ ə ˈvɪktəri rəˈgɑrdləs əv ðə skɔr əv ˈiðər mæʧ) ənd ə ˈdɔntɪŋ deɪt wɪθ ðə grup ɛf ˈwɪnər wɪʧ ɪz daʊn tɪ ˈkænədə ər ˈʤərməni. ɪf ðeɪ gɪt trɪpt əp baɪ ðə wɪl hæv ˈæbi ˈərsɪg ˈæftər hər rɛd kɑrd wɑz wɪl stɪl teɪk ə ˌkætəˈklɪzmɪk ˈsɪriz əv ˈəðər rɪˈzəlts tɪ sɛnd ðɛm hoʊm ənd θərd pleɪs frəm ðɪs grup wɪl feɪs ðə grup i ˈwɪnər, əˈgɛn ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈsərtənli brəˈzɪl. nu ˈzilənd: ə drɔ wɪl əˈʃʊr ðə ˈfʊtˌbɔl fərnz ə pleɪs ɪn ðə ənd ˈivɪn ə ˈnɛroʊ lɔs ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ gɪt ɪt dən. ənd əv kɔrs ɪf ðeɪ ˈəpˌsɛt fræns ðeɪ ər ˈsərtənli θru ɛz ˈrənərˌəp ənd ˈivɪn ɪn wɪθ ə ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl ʧæns tɪ wɪn ðə grup. ɪf ðeɪ luz ɛz moʊst ɪkˈspɛkt ɪt wɪl kəm daʊn tɪ ˈiðər zɪmˈbɑbweɪ ˈgɪtɪŋ ə rɪˈzəlt əˈgɛnst ɔˈstreɪljə ər mɔr ˌriəˈlɪstɪkli ðə ˈfaɪnəl skɔr ɪn ðə mæʧ. əˈsum ɔˈstreɪljə bit zɪmˈbɑbweɪ ənd ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn nu ˈʧænsɪz fər ədˈvænsɪŋ ɛz ðə ˈəðər θərd pleɪs ˈfɪnɪʃər ˈivɪn wɪˈθaʊt ə rɪˈzəlt əˈgɛnst ðə frɛnʧ. ðeɪ ər ˈkərəntli ɪn ðə goʊl ˈdɪfərəns ˈkɑləm, ðə seɪm ɛz ˈʧaɪnə ənd tu ˈbɛtər ðən sˈwidən. soʊ ðeɪ wɪl nid tɪ kip ɪt kloʊz ɪˈnəf tɪ bit aʊt ðə ˈluzər əv ðət mæʧ ɔn goʊl ˈdɪfərəns. ðə ˈsɛkənd ɪz ˈtoʊtəl goʊlz ənd nu ˈzilənd ˈkɑrənt hæv 1 waɪl ˈʧaɪnə ənd sˈwidən boʊθ hæv 2 ðə ˈskɛʤʊl dɪz nɑt wərk aʊt ɪn nu ˈfeɪvər ˈiðər. ɪf ðeɪ luz ðɛn boʊθ ˈʧaɪnə ənd sˈwidən ər θru wɪθ ə drɔ ənd nu ˈzilənd ər aʊt (əˈgɛn əˈsumɪŋ ɔˈstreɪljə bit zɪmˈbɑbweɪ) ənd wɪθ nu ˈzilənd pleɪɪŋ fərst, ə lɔs tɪ fræns kʊd peɪv ðə weɪ fər ˈʧaɪnə ənd sˈwidən tɪ ləl iʧ ˈəðər tɪ slip tɪ priˈpɛr fər ðə kˈwɔrtərz. kəˈləmbiə: kəˈləmbiə nid tɪ bit ðə juˈnaɪtɪd sɛd? ˈprɑbəˌbli, bət sɪns wi əˈsum ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, ɪt ɪz ˈnoʊtəbəl ðət ˈivɪn ə ˈʃɑkɪŋ ˈəpˌsɛt əv ðə bɛst tim ɪn ðə wərld kʊd wɛl liv kəˈləmbiə æt ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə grup ɔn goʊl ˈdɪfərəns. bət ɪf ðeɪ kən ˈsəmˌhaʊ du ɪt ənd ˈmænɪʤ tɪ tərn əraʊnd ðɛr goʊl ˈdɪfərəns ˈdɛfəsət əˈgɛnst ðə ˈzilənd ˈluzər (ɪf ðoʊz tu drɔ, kəˈləmbiə ər aʊt) ðeɪ wʊd stɪl nid tɪ hoʊp ðət ˈiðər: ˈʧaɪnə ənd sˈwidən drɔ ənd ðə skɔr ɪz ˈlɑpˈsaɪdɪd ɪˈnəf tɪ hɛlp ɔn goʊl ˈdɪfərəns ər ɔˈstreɪljə dɪz nɑt bit zɪmˈbɑbweɪ. grup ɛf ˈkænədə: ðə kənˈspɪrəsi θiərɪsts bɪˈgæn ˈʃaʊtɪŋ ðə ˈmoʊmənt bjuˈkænən tʊk ə ˈjɛloʊ kɑrd əˈgɛnst zɪmˈbɑbweɪ ðət dɪˈfaɪd ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən. ɪz ʤɑn ˈhərdmən ˈsændˌbægɪŋ tɪ traɪ ənd ˈfɪnɪʃ ˈsɛkənd ɪn ðə grup fər ə əˈgɛnst ðə grup i ˈrənərˌəp (ˈlaɪkli ðə ˈwɪnər)? ɪf ˈkænədə gɪt ə rɪˈzəlt əˈgɛnst ˈʤərməni ðeɪ wɪl wɪn ðə grup ənd feɪs ðə grup ʤi ˈrənərˌəp (ˈlaɪkli fræns). ˈiðər weɪ, baɪ sɪˈkjʊrɪŋ ə tɔp tu spɑt ɪt minz ðeɪ si ðə grup ʤi ˈwɪnər (ˈlaɪkli ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts) ənˈtɪl ðə goʊld ˈmɛdəl mæʧ. ðɛr kʊd bi əˈnəðər gʊd ˈrizən tɪ traɪ ənd ˈsændˌbæg əˈgɛnst ˈʤərməni. ðə ˈkuki ˈsɛˌtəp əv ðə ˈbrækɪt minz ðə tɔp tu timz ɪn ðə grup ər ɔn ə ˌsɛmɪˈfaɪnəl kəˈlɪʒən kɔrs. ˈiðər weɪ, ˈhərdmən ənd ðə 2012 brɑnz ˈmɛdəlɪsts ər ənˈdaʊtɪdli θrɪld tɪ hæv ə tɔp tu spɑt lɑkt əp ˌbiˈfɔr ˈkɪkɪŋ ɔf əˈgɛnst ðə ˈʤərmənz. ˈʤərməni: mæθ sɪz ˈʤərməni ɪz nɑt bʊkt tɪ steɪ ɪn ðə ˈtʊrnəmənt bɪɔnd ˈtuzˌdeɪ, bət wʊd teɪk ə lɔs baɪ æt list eɪt goʊlz tɪ ˈivɪn stɑrt ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən. ˌriəˈlɪstɪkli ðeɪ wɪl wɪn ðə grup baɪ ˈbitɪŋ ˈkænədə ənd ˈfɪnɪʃ ˈsɛkənd baɪ ˈluzɪŋ ər drɔɪŋ. si əˈbəv fər wət ðət minz. ɔˈstreɪljə: ɪt bɪn ðə ˈtʊrnəmənt ðə wər ˈhoʊpɪŋ fər tɪ ðɪs pɔɪnt, bət ðɛr ʃʊd stɪl bi taɪm tɪ ˈsælvɪʤ θɪŋz. ənd ɪf ðeɪ bit zɪmˈbɑbweɪ ðeɪ wɪl bi θru ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈsərtənli ɛz ðə θərd pleɪs ˈfɪnɪʃər wɪʧ minz ðeɪ wɪl gɪt ðə grup i ər ʤi ˈwɪnər dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn wɪʧ ˈəðər θərd pleɪs tim ədˈvænsɪz. ɔˈstreɪljə ˈkərəntli treɪl ˈʤərməni baɪ 7 ɔn goʊl ˈdɪfərəns ənd kən ˈfɪnɪʃ ˈsɛkənd baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðət əp ɪn ə wɪn kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ə ˈʤərməni lɔs tɪ ˈkænədə. ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˈəðər ðən ə wɪn sɛndz ɔˈstreɪljə hoʊm. zɪmˈbɑbweɪ: noʊ wən ɪkˈspɛktɪd zɪmˈbɑbweɪ tɪ du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ bət ˈfɪnɪʃ læst ɪn ðɪs grup ənd ðeɪ wɪl du ʤɪst ðət ˈbɑrɪŋ ə ˌmɑnjəˈmɛnəl ˈəpˌsɛt əv ɔˈstreɪljə. tɪ ədˈvæns ðeɪ hæv tɪ wɪn ənd meɪk əp æt list 6 ɪn ðə goʊl ˈdɪfərəns ˈkɑləm ɔn ðə ˈluzərz əv ənd ˈzilənd. grup i brəˈzɪl: ˈæftər ˈpæsɪŋ ðə sˈwidən tɛst wɪθ flaɪɪŋ ˈkələrz ðə hoʊsts ər ɪn ðə ˈkætˌbərd sit ɪn grup i ənd wɪl ˈfɪnɪʃ tɔp wɪθ ə drɔ əˈgɛnst saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ ənd ˈmeɪbi ˈivɪn ɪf ðeɪ gɪt sɪns ˈdɑməˌneɪtɪŋ ðə grup ɔn goʊl ˈdɪfərəns. ˈwɪnɪŋ ðə grup wɪl pʊt ðɛm ɪn ðə seɪm hæf ɛz ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts (əˈsumɪŋ ðeɪ wɪn grup ʤi), bət ðə brəˈzɪljənz wɪl hæv ə kin ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn wət goʊz ɔn wɪθ ðə θərd pleɪs timz. ɪf nu ˈzilənd gɪts θru frəm grup ʤi ðeɪ wɪl feɪs ðə grup i ˈwɪnər, bət ɪf ə tim frəm grup gɪts θru ðət minz ðə ˈsɑmbə kwinz wɪl si ɔˈstreɪljə ər ˈʤərməni ɪn ðə kˈwɔrtərz. ˈʧaɪnə: ðə ʧaɪˈniz ər ə drɔ əˈweɪ frəm ˈsɛkənd pleɪs ɪn grup i ənd ˈwɑʧɪŋ sˈwidən θru tu ˈmæʧɪz ðət saʊnd ɛz aʊˈtlændɪʃ ɛz ɪt meɪ hæv ˈivɪn ə fju wiks əˈgoʊ. ˈivɪn ɪf ðeɪ luz ˈʧaɪnə ər ɪn ə gʊd pəˈzɪʃən ɔn goʊl ˈdɪfərəns tɪ gɪt θru soʊ lɔŋ ɛz nu ˈzilənd ənd fræns drɔ (əˈsumɪŋ ɔˈstreɪljə wɪn). ɪf ðeɪ ˈfɪnɪʃ ˈsɛkənd, ðə grup ɛf ˈrənərˌəp əˈweɪts. ɪf ðeɪ ˈfɪnɪʃ θərd ənd ədˈvæns, ðə grup ʤi ˈwɪnər ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ˈʧaɪnə kən stɪl ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəli wɪn ðə grup ɪf saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ kən ʃɑk brəˈzɪl bət ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈmɑrʤən ɪn goʊl ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ə saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ ˈəpˌsɛt kʊd ˈɔlsoʊ sɛnd ðə ʧaɪˈniz tɪ ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə grup ʃʊd ðeɪ fɔl tɪ sˈwidən. sˈwidən: ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ naɪt ˈoʊnli fɛlt laɪk ðə ɛnd fər sˈwidən wɪn ðeɪ wər ˈmæsəkərd baɪ brəˈzɪl ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə dəl, ˈvɪktəri ˈoʊvər saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ. bət ɪf ðeɪ bit ˈʧaɪnə ɪt wɪl bi ɔn tɪ ðə. ə lɔs ər drɔ ðoʊ ənd ðə swidz wɪl bi ɪn ˈtrəbəl. ɪf ðeɪ drɔ ənd ˈɛvəri θərd pleɪs tim ɛndz əp ɔn 4 pɔɪnts ðeɪ ər aʊt. ɪf ðeɪ luz ɪt wɪl dɪˈpɛnd ɔn goʊl ˈdɪfərəns bət æt ðeɪ ər ɔˈrɛdi bɪˈhaɪnd fræns ənd nu ˈzilənd ənd ðeɪ wʊd hæv tɪ bit aʊt ðə ˈluzər əv ðət mæʧ ər hoʊp zɪmˈbɑbweɪ kən gɪt æt list ə drɔ əˈgɛnst ɔˈstreɪljə. ðə gʊd nuz ɪz ðət grup i pleɪz læst ɔn ðə deɪ soʊ ˈpiə saɪd wɪl hæv ɪt ɔl ɪn frənt əv ðɛm æt ˈkɪˌkɔf. saʊθ ˈæfrɪkɑ: ðə tim ðət hɛld ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts tɪ ɪn ə ˈfrɛndli læst mənθ ɪz ɪn ə wərld əv ˈtrəbəl. fər ˈstɑrtərz ðeɪ nid bit brəˈzɪl tɪ hæv ˈɛni ʧæns. bɪɔnd ðət ðeɪ wʊd hæv tɪ meɪk əp goʊl ˈdɪfərəns ɔn ðə ˈluzər əv ənd ðə ˈluzər əv ˈzilənd waɪl ˈhoʊpɪŋ ðət ˈniðər əv ðoʊz ɛnd ɪn drɔz. ðə ˈoʊnli ˈəðər pæθ ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɔˈstreɪljə nɑt ˈbitɪŋ zɪmˈbɑbweɪ.
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doctors were making mistakes in up to 15 per cent of cases because they were too quick to judge patients’ symptoms, they said, while others were reluctant to ask more senior colleagues for help.
while in most cases the misdiagnosis did not result in the patient suffering serious harm, a sizeable number of the millions of patients were likely to suffer significant health problems as a result, according to figures. it was said that the number of misdiagnoses was “just the tip of the iceberg”, with many people still reluctant to report mistakes by their doctors.
there was a call for better reporting methods to ensure that each misdiagnosis was recorded and monitored properly.
prof graham neale, of the imperial centre for patient safety and service quality at imperial college london, who is carrying out research into cases of misdiagnosis in the, said it was a problem that was not being adequately dealt with.
“there is absolutely no doubt that this is being under-reported,” he said. “but more importantly they are not being adequately analysed.
“trainee doctors are too quick to judgment, that is one of the problems that we face.”
he added, however, that in many cases, the medical errors were rectified within 48 hours.
the experts drew on research published in the american journal of medicine that estimated that up to 15 per cent of all medical cases in developed countries were misdiagnosed.
earlier this year, the healthcare commission found that missed or wrong diagnoses were a major cause of complaints to the. of more than complaints analysed, almost one in 10 related to a delay in diagnosis or the wrong diagnosis being made. separate research also suggested that one in 10 patients in hospital was harmed because of the care they received.
peter walsh, the chief executive of action against medical accidents, a campaign group, said his charity received calls a year from people who thought that their condition had been misdiagnosed.
“this is just the tip of the iceberg,” he said. “there is no mandatory reporting of missed diagnoses so the true scale cannot be known.
“there are very few reports to the national patient safety agency (npsa) and we would like to see it become a legal requirement for all missed diagnoses to be reported.”
dr robert hendry, head of medical services at the medical protection society, said misdiagnosis was a factor in two thirds of complaints against gps. “it’s a very significant problem for the,” he said.
the runs a database that records medical errors, patient incidents, mistakes in medical notes and on a voluntary basis.
between april 2008 and march 2009 there were reports of incidents involving clinical assessment. those included missed or wrong diagnosis but also related to scans that could have been misinterpreted or where the wrong body part was scanned or tests where patients’ samples could have been mixed up.
dr kevin cleary, the medical director of the, said there were a number of reasons that a diagnosis could be missed or be inaccurate, including a lack of training, test results that were misinterpreted, poor communication and diseases that had similar symptoms.
“missed diagnosis is one of the most complex issues in medical reporting,” he said. “there are some illnesses, like flu for example, where the symptoms for a number of conditions are very similar, especially early on, so it is not always possible to make a diagnosis immediately.”
a spokesman for the department of health said more than one million “patient safety incidents” were reported every year, the vast majority of which caused patients no harm.
“we are examining a move to obliging the as a whole to report to the national reporting and learning system run by national patient safety agency,” the spokesman said.
“the already collects data on safety incidents including misdiagnoses through the national patient safety agency's reporting system and uses this data to learn from incidents."
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ˈdɑktərz wər ˈmeɪkɪŋ mɪˈsteɪks ɪn əp tɪ 15 pər sɛnt əv ˈkeɪsɪz bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wər tu kwɪk tɪ ʤəʤ patients’*’ ˈsɪmptəmz, ðeɪ sɛd, waɪl ˈəðərz wər rɪˈləktənt tɪ æsk mɔr ˈsinjər ˈkɑligz fər hɛlp. waɪl ɪn moʊst ˈkeɪsɪz ðə mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊsəs dɪd nɑt rɪˈzəlt ɪn ðə ˈpeɪʃənt ˈsəfərɪŋ ˈsɪriəs hɑrm, ə ˈsaɪzəbəl ˈnəmbər əv ðə ˈmɪljənz əv ˈpeɪʃənz wər ˈlaɪkli tɪ ˈsəfər sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt hɛlθ ˈprɑbləmz ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈfɪgjərz. ɪt wɑz sɛd ðət ðə ˈnəmbər əv mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊsəz wɑz ðə tɪp əv ðə iceberg”*”, wɪθ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl stɪl rɪˈləktənt tɪ rɪˈpɔrt mɪˈsteɪks baɪ ðɛr ˈdɑktərz. ðɛr wɑz ə kɔl fər ˈbɛtər rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈmɛθədz tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət iʧ mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊsəs wɑz rɪˈkɔrdɪd ənd ˈmɑnətərd ˈprɑpərli. græm nil, əv ðə ˌɪmˈpɪriəl ˈsɛntər fər ˈpeɪʃənt ˈseɪfti ənd ˈsərvɪs kˈwɑləti æt ˌɪmˈpɪriəl ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈləndən, hu ɪz ˈkɛriɪŋ aʊt ˈrisərʧ ˈɪntu ˈkeɪsɪz əv mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊsəs ɪn ðə, sɛd ɪt wɑz ə ˈprɑbləm ðət wɑz nɑt biɪŋ ˈædəkwɪtli dɛlt wɪθ. ɪz ˌæbsəˈlutli noʊ daʊt ðət ðɪs ɪz biɪŋ under-reported,”*,” hi sɛd. mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli ðeɪ ər nɑt biɪŋ ˈædəkwɪtli analysed*. ˈdɑktərz ər tu kwɪk tɪ ˈʤəʤmənt, ðət ɪz wən əv ðə ˈprɑbləmz ðət wi face.”*.” hi ˈædɪd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət ɪn ˈmɛni ˈkeɪsɪz, ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈɛrərz wər ˈrɛktəˌfaɪd wɪˈθɪn 48 aʊərz. ðə ˈɛkspərts dru ɔn ˈrisərʧ ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈʤərnəl əv ˈmɛdəsən ðət ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd ðət əp tɪ 15 pər sɛnt əv ɔl ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈkeɪsɪz ɪn dɪˈvɛləpt ˈkəntriz wər mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊzd. ˈərliər ðɪs jɪr, ðə ˈhɛlθˌkɛr kəˈmɪʃən faʊnd ðət mɪst ər rɔŋ ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsiz wər ə ˈmeɪʤər kɔz əv kəmˈpleɪnts tɪ ðə. əv mɔr ðən kəmˈpleɪnts analysed*, ˈɔlˌmoʊst wən ɪn 10 rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ə dɪˈleɪ ɪn ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsəs ər ðə rɔŋ ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsəs biɪŋ meɪd. ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈrisərʧ ˈɔlsoʊ səˈʤɛstɪd ðət wən ɪn 10 ˈpeɪʃənz ɪn ˈhɑˌspɪtəl wɑz hɑrmd bɪˈkəz əv ðə kɛr ðeɪ rɪˈsivd. ˈpitər wɔlʃ, ðə ʧif ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv əv ˈækʃən əˈgɛnst ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈæksədənts, ə kæmˈpeɪn grup, sɛd hɪz ˈʧɛrɪti rɪˈsivd kɔlz ə jɪr frəm ˈpipəl hu θɔt ðət ðɛr kənˈdɪʃən hæd bɪn mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊzd. ɪz ʤɪst ðə tɪp əv ðə iceberg,”*,” hi sɛd. ɪz noʊ ˈmændəˌtɔri rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ əv mɪst ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsiz soʊ ðə tru skeɪl ˈkænɑt bi noʊn. ər ˈvɛri fju rɪˈpɔrts tɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈpeɪʃənt ˈseɪfti ˈeɪʤənsi (npsa*) ənd wi wʊd laɪk tɪ si ɪt bɪˈkəm ə ˈligəl rɪkˈwaɪrmənt fər ɔl mɪst ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsiz tɪ bi reported.”*.” ˈdɑktər ˈrɑbərt ˈhɛndri, hɛd əv ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsərvɪsɪz æt ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl prəˈtɛkʃən soʊˈsaɪɪti, sɛd mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊsəs wɑz ə ˈfæktər ɪn tu θərdz əv kəmˈpleɪnts əˈgɛnst ˈgipiˈɛs. ə ˈvɛri sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈprɑbləm fər ðə nhs,”*,” hi sɛd. ðə rənz ə ˈdætəˌbeɪs ðət ˈrɛkərdz ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈɛrərz, ˈpeɪʃənt ˈɪnsədənts, mɪˈsteɪks ɪn ˈmɛdɪkəl noʊts ənd ɔn ə ˈvɑləntɛri ˈbeɪsɪs. bɪtˈwin ˈeɪprəl 2008 ənd mɑrʧ 2009 ðɛr wər rɪˈpɔrts əv ˈɪnsədənts ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈklɪnɪkəl əˈsɛsmənt. ðoʊz ˌɪnˈkludɪd mɪst ər rɔŋ ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsəs bət ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ skænz ðət kʊd hæv bɪn mɪsɪnˈtərprətɪd ər wɛr ðə rɔŋ ˈbɑdi pɑrt wɑz skænd ər tɛsts wɛr patients’*’ ˈsæmpəlz kʊd hæv bɪn mɪkst əp. ˈdɑktər ˈkɛvɪn ˈklɪri, ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə, sɛd ðɛr wər ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈrizənz ðət ə ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsəs kʊd bi mɪst ər bi ˌɪˈnækjərət, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə læk əv ˈtreɪnɪŋ, tɛst rɪˈzəlts ðət wər mɪsɪnˈtərprətɪd, pur kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən ənd dɪˈzizɪz ðət hæd ˈsɪmələr ˈsɪmptəmz. ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsəs ɪz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈkɑmplɛks ˈɪʃuz ɪn ˈmɛdɪkəl reporting,”*,” hi sɛd. ər səm ˈɪlnəsɪz, laɪk flu fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, wɛr ðə ˈsɪmptəmz fər ə ˈnəmbər əv kənˈdɪʃənz ər ˈvɛri ˈsɪmələr, əˈspɛʃəli ˈərli ɔn, soʊ ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ meɪk ə ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊsəs immediately.”*.” ə ˈspoʊksmən fər ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv hɛlθ sɛd mɔr ðən wən ˈmɪljən ˈseɪfti incidents”*” wər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈɛvəri jɪr, ðə væst məˈʤɔrəti əv wɪʧ kɔzd ˈpeɪʃənz noʊ hɑrm. ər ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ ə muv tɪ əˈblaɪʤɪŋ ðə ɛz ə hoʊl tɪ rɪˈpɔrt tɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ənd ˈlərnɪŋ ˈsɪstəm rən baɪ ˈnæʃənəl ˈpeɪʃənt ˈseɪfti agency,”*,” ðə ˈspoʊksmən sɛd. ɔˈrɛdi kəˈlɛkts ˈdætə ɔn ˈseɪfti ˈɪnsədənts ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊsəz θru ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈpeɪʃənt ˈseɪfti ˈeɪʤənsiz rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm ənd ˈjuzɪz ðɪs ˈdætə tɪ lərn frəm ˈɪnsədənts."
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fox has been a suspension specialist for 40 years, and have won a huge range of events from the to the indy 500. as a supplier to ridetech, they've dominated pro touring recently. it's fair to say they know their way around shocks. they also understand the importance of proper suspension travel. since they've also supplied shocks for the ford raptor, they also know how to build to an level of quality and durability. so, as you can imagine, we were pretty excited to work with them.
to develop these coilovers, we took measurements of the full range. fox then designed a shock setup that would work throughout the whole range. after an initial fitting and test, they brought their race trailer out to our local track and we spent two full days with a two fox engineers, three and two drivers to the. we against our current offerings, and used cars ranging from a typical fm miata to the 500 miata. this is the end result - a miata suspension built from the ground up for us.
our goal was for a high performance suspension that wouldn't punish on the street. we placed an emphasis on stability in corners, and body control combined with a very high level of grip. the adjustment was designed to primarily adjust the low speed rebound damping, which is mostly affected by body movements. you can adjust from a street setup to a track setup quickly and easily.
there are a lot of little details on these parts that aren't immediately obvious. the springs sit on a high density plastic ring that acts as a bearing, allowing the spring to rotate on the perch without the expense of a torrington bearing. the internal washers are disc ground for high accuracy, giving more consistent behavior of the shock. even the body of the shock is given coat, which is a superior form of hard to protect the shock under the worst conditions. the lower bearings have a teflon liner so there's no need to grease them. even the shocks are light - 40% lighter than a typical aftermarket unit. they are a design.
the shocks have 5" of shaft travel. that's pretty spectacular, and it's part of the reason they can deliver searing track performance without punishing you day-to-day. when we put an experienced miata driver and track instructor behind the wheel, he couldn't believe how comfortable they were on the street and how hard he could hit the berms. they just work.
due to the long travel and maximum compression available, you can run just about any ride height with this setup. if you want to run low, the shocks will allow the suspension to compress as far as possible. if you want to run high, that long shaft travel will mean you still have droop available. you may have to use a longer spring for particularly high heights, such as a baja application.
the standard spring set is 550 front and 375 rear. this is suitable for street use and track use, and it's what we use on the cars we build for customers. on the track car, we used, and the standard can deal with up to 900 lb front springs.
the springs will go loose at full droop. to avoid this, we do offer a helper spring kit for an extra $250. they won't make a difference to how the car drives, but they will keep the springs seated when the suspension is fully extended. it's mostly for ease of maintenance.
there may be some interference between the bottom of the shock androadster lower control arms. some grinding will be required in this case.
the kit includes four shocks, bumpstops, front and rear springs and new front and rear mounts. no parts are reused. these shocks are built in the usa and can be rebuilt. limited warranty for the original customer against defects in materials workmanship.
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fɑks həz bɪn ə səˈspɛnʃən ˈspɛʃəlɪst fər 40 jɪrz, ənd hæv wən ə juʤ reɪnʤ əv ɪˈvɛnts frəm ðə tɪ ðə ˈɪndi 500 ɛz ə səˈplaɪər tɪ ridetech*, ðeɪv ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd proʊ ˈtʊrɪŋ ˈrisəntli. ɪts fɛr tɪ seɪ ðeɪ noʊ ðɛr weɪ əraʊnd ʃɑks. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˌəndərˈstænd ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ˈprɑpər səˈspɛnʃən ˈtrævəl. sɪns ðeɪv ˈɔlsoʊ səˈplaɪd ʃɑks fər ðə fɔrd ˈræptər, ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ noʊ haʊ tɪ bɪld tɪ ən ˈlɛvəl əv kˈwɑləti ənd dərəˈbɪlɪti. soʊ, ɛz ju kən ˌɪˈmæʤən, wi wər ˈprɪti ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ wərk wɪθ ðɛm. tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ðiz coilovers*, wi tʊk ˈmɛʒərmənts əv ðə fʊl reɪnʤ. fɑks ðɛn dɪˈzaɪnd ə ʃɑk ˈsɛˌtəp ðət wʊd wərk θruaʊt ðə hoʊl reɪnʤ. ˈæftər ən ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈfɪtɪŋ ənd tɛst, ðeɪ brɔt ðɛr reɪs ˈtreɪlər aʊt tɪ ɑr ˈloʊkəl træk ənd wi spɛnt tu fʊl deɪz wɪθ ə tu fɑks ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz, θri ənd tu ˈdraɪvərz tɪ ðə. wi əˈgɛnst ɑr ˈkɑrənt ˈɔfərɪŋz, ənd juzd kɑz ˈreɪnʤɪŋ frəm ə ˈtɪpɪkəl ˈɛˈfɛm miˈɑtə tɪ ðə 500 miˈɑtə. ðɪs ɪz ðə ɛnd rɪˈzəlt ə miˈɑtə səˈspɛnʃən bɪlt frəm ðə graʊnd əp fər ˈjuˈɛs. ɑr goʊl wɑz fər ə haɪ pərˈfɔrməns səˈspɛnʃən ðət ˈwʊdənt ˈpənɪʃ ɔn ðə strit. wi pleɪst ən ˈɛmfəsɪs ɔn stəˈbɪlɪti ɪn ˈkɔrnərz, ənd ˈbɑdi kənˈtroʊl kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ə ˈvɛri haɪ ˈlɛvəl əv grɪp. ðə əˈʤəstmənt wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ praɪˈmɛrəli əˈʤəst ðə loʊ spid riˈbaʊnd ˈdæmpɪŋ, wɪʧ ɪz ˈmoʊstli əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ˈbɑdi ˈmuvmənts. ju kən əˈʤəst frəm ə strit ˈsɛˌtəp tɪ ə træk ˈsɛˌtəp kˈwɪkli ənd ˈizəli. ðɛr ər ə lɔt əv ˈlɪtəl ˈditeɪlz ɔn ðiz pɑrts ðət ˈɑrənt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈɑbviəs. ðə spərɪŋz sɪt ɔn ə haɪ ˈdɛnsɪti ˈplæstɪk rɪŋ ðət ækts ɛz ə ˈbɛrɪŋ, əˈlaʊɪŋ ðə spərɪŋ tɪ ˈroʊˌteɪt ɔn ðə pərʧ wɪˈθaʊt ðə ɪkˈspɛns əv ə ˈtɔrɪŋtən ˈbɛrɪŋ. ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈwɑʃərz ər dɪsk graʊnd fər haɪ ˈækjərəsi, ˈgɪvɪŋ mɔr kənˈsɪstənt bɪˈheɪvjər əv ðə ʃɑk. ˈivɪn ðə ˈbɑdi əv ðə ʃɑk ɪz ˈgɪvɪn koʊt, wɪʧ ɪz ə suˈpɪriər fɔrm əv hɑrd tɪ prəˈtɛkt ðə ʃɑk ˈəndər ðə wərst kənˈdɪʃənz. ðə loʊər ˈbɛrɪŋz hæv ə ˈtɛflən ˈlaɪnər soʊ ðɛrz noʊ nid tɪ gris ðɛm. ˈivɪn ðə ʃɑks ər laɪt 40 ˈlaɪtər ðən ə ˈtɪpɪkəl ˈæftərˌmɑrkɪt ˈjunɪt. ðeɪ ər ə dɪˈzaɪn. ðə ʃɑks hæv 5 əv ʃæft ˈtrævəl. ðæts ˈprɪti spɛkˈtækjələr, ənd ɪts pɑrt əv ðə ˈrizən ðeɪ kən dɪˈlɪvər ˈsɪrɪŋ træk pərˈfɔrməns wɪˈθaʊt ˈpənɪʃɪŋ ju ˈdeɪtuˌdeɪ. wɪn wi pʊt ən ɪkˈspɪriənst miˈɑtə ˈdraɪvər ənd træk ˌɪnˈstrəktər bɪˈhaɪnd ðə wil, hi ˈkʊdənt bɪˈliv haʊ ˈkəmfərtəbəl ðeɪ wər ɔn ðə strit ənd haʊ hɑrd hi kʊd hɪt ðə bərmz. ðeɪ ʤɪst wərk. du tɪ ðə lɔŋ ˈtrævəl ənd ˈmæksəməm kəmˈprɛʃən əˈveɪləbəl, ju kən rən ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ˈɛni raɪd haɪt wɪθ ðɪs ˈsɛˌtəp. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ rən loʊ, ðə ʃɑks wɪl əˈlaʊ ðə səˈspɛnʃən tɪ ˈkɑmprɛs ɛz fɑr ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ rən haɪ, ðət lɔŋ ʃæft ˈtrævəl wɪl min ju stɪl hæv drup əˈveɪləbəl. ju meɪ hæv tɪ juz ə ˈlɔŋgər spərɪŋ fər ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli haɪ haɪts, səʧ ɛz ə ˈbɑˌhɑ ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən. ðə ˈstændərd spərɪŋ sɛt ɪz 550 frənt ənd 375 rɪr. ðɪs ɪz ˈsutəbəl fər strit juz ənd træk juz, ənd ɪts wət wi juz ɔn ðə kɑz wi bɪld fər ˈkəstəmərz. ɔn ðə træk kɑr, wi juzd ənd ðə ˈstændərd kən dil wɪθ əp tɪ 900 paʊnd frənt spərɪŋz. ðə spərɪŋz wɪl goʊ lus æt fʊl drup. tɪ əˈvɔɪd ðɪs, wi du ˈɔfər ə ˈhɛlpər spərɪŋ kɪt fər ən ˈɛkstrə 250 ðeɪ woʊnt meɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns tɪ haʊ ðə kɑr draɪvz, bət ðeɪ wɪl kip ðə spərɪŋz ˈsitɪd wɪn ðə səˈspɛnʃən ɪz ˈfʊli ɪkˈstɛndɪd. ɪts ˈmoʊstli fər iz əv ˈmeɪntənəns. ðɛr meɪ bi səm ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns bɪtˈwin ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə ʃɑk ənd loʊər kənˈtroʊl ɑrmz. səm ˈgraɪndɪŋ wɪl bi rikˈwaɪərd ɪn ðɪs keɪs. ðə kɪt ˌɪnˈkludz fɔr ʃɑks, bumpstops*, frənt ənd rɪr spərɪŋz ənd nu frənt ənd rɪr maʊnts. noʊ pɑrts ər riuzd. ðiz ʃɑks ər bɪlt ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ ənd kən bi riˈbɪlt. ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈwɔrənti fər ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈkəstəmər əˈgɛnst ˈdifɛkts ɪn məˈtɪriəlz ˈwərkmənˌʃɪp.
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many of you are likely familiar with tim sledd as he was one of our first guests on the podcast.
tim owns and operates small axe, andre affiliate academy (which tim spoke in length about here).
as you can tell, tim and i are prone to some foolishness but tim takes his very very seriously and not only is he a good friend of, but a fantastic instructor.
i’m a big advocate of the idea that just because you can do something well, mean that you can teach others to do it. i would much rather learn a technique and learn from a good instructor versus a world champion. having an instructor that is a world champion and a truly good teacher is much more rare than you think.
with that said, always been impressed by ability to be remain humble despite being a very good instructor and learning techniques from the best practitioners in the world.
his ability to learn these techniques and then explain them to others is excellent and when i found out he was creating a new dvd on the leg drag position, i was ecstatic.
leg drag workshop dvd by tim sledd
the dvd is comprised of 3 parts: indiana university (iu) workshop, ground zero workshop, and bonus material.
chapters and content
iu workshop intro to positions concepts cross side to leg drag closed guard pass half guard butterfly guard pass slip knee to mount passing spider guard closing
ground zero workshop basic leg drag position mendes position reverse position attack from side control back take closed guard pass half guard pass butterfly guard pass slip knee to mount sider guard pass questions drills closing
bonus material basic mount to leg drag leg drag from rear mount de la riva sweep de la riva sweep 2 de la riva sweep 3
*it’s of special note here that while some techniques are included in both workshops, the instruction is varied to address the needs of the attendees at those workshops and definitely worth watching tim explain and teach them both times.
bonus material
yes, i know supposed to talk about this last, but my favorite part. in this section, tim shows how to achieve the leg drag position from mount, rear mount, 3 different de la riva (dlr) sweeps, and from the basic clinch (my favorite).
my favorite part of is the combining and stringing together moves/positions. i believe what sets each belt level apart from the belt below it and you can truly assess skill level with how he applies the more ‘modern’ leg drag with some classic sweeps and positions.
iu workshop
i really like that tim refers to these as workshops. as a teacher, i know when i go to a seminar, going to be somebody talking ‘at’ me the entire time and often times seminars are no different. but i also know that if going to a workshop, that i am going to be doing work and getting better as a teacher.
when you attend one of workshops, expect to put in a lot of reps but also expect to walk out with mental and muscle memory that will allow you to use the techniques you learned in the future.
i really enjoy the ‘concepts’ section of this workshop that gives a lot of and to the position, as well as a lot of things you ordinarily notice just from watching like where tim has his weight and how the leg drag would work against opponents of different builds.
my favorite technique in this section is the ‘durinho pass.’ tim showed it to me one time and been using it for roughly a year to pass half guard with a lot of success. i always go to the leg drag from it, but very rare that i get a pass when i do it correctly.
at the end of the workshop, tim discusses that once familiar with the leg drag, see it everywhere. he goes over a number of different places see it from such as the. being a horrible player myself, i love the option to come up into the leg drag! i also really like that tim gives out a lesson plan during his workshops to help attendees retain what they learned that day.
ground zero workshop
in this workshop, tim really stresses the leg drag as a position, and not a pass. i believe this is similar to how people like nino schembri view the as a position and not a submission.
i’d get out a and paper or be typing on your computer while watching this. the number of details is insane and they all make a huge different between being able to do it versus white belts and versus advanced belts.
my favorite part of this workshop is not only the leg drag instruction, but also the questions and drills sections at the end. tim shows a lot of awesome drills to increase your leg drag skills outside of longer techniques.
fun note that only teachers will pick up on, but tim always snaps his fingers when he is speaking about his hands. this is to help you have an auditory que on where to look and also so he have to keep differentiating between saying left/right. this is an awesome veteran teacher tool that i first picked up from watching roy dean, and seen tim do it in person, so really cool to see tim do it in his workshops.
overall impression
i really like that tim sticks to some more solid style leg drags versus the more common ‘ankle grab’ leg drag. he does so because even when you have ankle control, you still have to get past the shins, and hips to pass, which is incredibly difficult against a seasoned guard player.
the amount of information on this dvd is fantastic not too much to overwhelm and be worthless, but not too little either the instructional is phenomenal tim is an excellent teacher and provides every key detail the techniques are well chosen most of these are techniques i seen elsewhere, on youtube or otherwise
overall, i think this dvd would be a great value at $75+ and an absolute steal at $35. click here to check it out!
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ˈmɛni əv ju ər ˈlaɪkli fəˈmɪljər wɪθ tɪm slɛd ɛz hi wɑz wən əv ɑr fərst gɛsts ɔn ðə ˈpɔdˌkæst. tɪm oʊnz ənd ˈɑpərˌeɪts smɔl æks, ˈɑnˌdreɪ əˈfɪliˌeɪt əˈkædəmi (wɪʧ tɪm spoʊk ɪn lɛŋθ əˈbaʊt hir). ɛz ju kən tɛl, tɪm ənd aɪ ər proʊn tɪ səm ˈfulɪʃnəs bət tɪm teɪks hɪz ˈvɛri ˈvɛri ˈsɪriəsli ənd nɑt ˈoʊnli ɪz hi ə gʊd frɛnd əv, bət ə fænˈtæstɪk ˌɪnˈstrəktər. ə bɪg ˈædvəˌkeɪt əv ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ʤɪst bɪˈkəz ju kən du ˈsəmθɪŋ wɛl, min ðət ju kən tiʧ ˈəðərz tɪ du ɪt. aɪ wʊd məʧ ˈrəðər lərn ə tɛkˈnik ənd lərn frəm ə gʊd ˌɪnˈstrəktər ˈvərsəz ə wərld ˈʧæmpiən. ˈhævɪŋ ən ˌɪnˈstrəktər ðət ɪz ə wərld ˈʧæmpiən ənd ə ˈtruli gʊd ˈtiʧər ɪz məʧ mɔr rɛr ðən ju θɪŋk. wɪθ ðət sɛd, ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ˌɪmˈprɛst baɪ əˈbɪləˌti tɪ bi rɪˈmeɪn ˈhəmbəl dɪˈspaɪt biɪŋ ə ˈvɛri gʊd ˌɪnˈstrəktər ənd ˈlərnɪŋ tɛkˈniks frəm ðə bɛst prækˈtɪʃənərz ɪn ðə wərld. hɪz əˈbɪləˌti tɪ lərn ðiz tɛkˈniks ənd ðɛn ɪkˈspleɪn ðɛm tɪ ˈəðərz ɪz ˈɛksələnt ənd wɪn aɪ faʊnd aʊt hi wɑz kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə nu ˌdiˌviˈdi ɔn ðə lɛg dræg pəˈzɪʃən, aɪ wɑz ɛkˈstætɪk. lɛg dræg ˈwərkˌʃɑp ˌdiˌviˈdi baɪ tɪm slɛd ðə ˌdiˌviˈdi ɪz kəmˈpraɪzd əv 3 pɑrts: ˌɪndiˈænə ˌjunəˈvərsəti (iu*) ˈwərkˌʃɑp, graʊnd ˈziroʊ ˈwərkˌʃɑp, ənd ˈboʊnəs məˈtɪriəl. ˈʧæptərz ənd ˈkɑntɛnt ˈwərkˌʃɑp ˈɪntroʊ tɪ pəˈzɪʃənz ˈkɑnsɛpts krɔs saɪd tɪ lɛg dræg kloʊzd gɑrd pæs hæf gɑrd ˈbətərˌflaɪ gɑrd pæs slɪp ni tɪ maʊnt ˈpæsɪŋ ˈspaɪdər gɑrd ˈkloʊzɪŋ graʊnd ˈziroʊ ˈwərkˌʃɑp ˈbeɪsɪk lɛg dræg pəˈzɪʃən ˈmeɪndɛs pəˈzɪʃən rɪˈvərs pəˈzɪʃən əˈtæk frəm saɪd kənˈtroʊl bæk teɪk kloʊzd gɑrd pæs hæf gɑrd pæs ˈbətərˌflaɪ gɑrd pæs slɪp ni tɪ maʊnt ˈsaɪdər gɑrd pæs kˈwɛsʧənz drɪlz ˈkloʊzɪŋ ˈboʊnəs məˈtɪriəl ˈbeɪsɪk maʊnt tɪ lɛg dræg lɛg dræg frəm rɪr maʊnt də lɑ ˈrivə swip də lɑ ˈrivə swip 2 də lɑ ˈrivə swip 3 əv ˈspɛʃəl noʊt hir ðət waɪl səm tɛkˈniks ər ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn boʊθ ˈwərkˌʃɑps, ðə ˌɪnˈstrəkʃən ɪz ˈvɛrid tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ðə nidz əv ðə əˈtɛnˈdiz æt ðoʊz ˈwərkˌʃɑps ənd ˈdɛfənətli wərθ ˈwɑʧɪŋ tɪm ɪkˈspleɪn ənd tiʧ ðɛm boʊθ taɪmz. ˈboʊnəs məˈtɪriəl jɛs, aɪ noʊ səˈpoʊzd tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ðɪs læst, bət maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt pɑrt. ɪn ðɪs ˈsɛkʃən, tɪm ʃoʊz haʊ tɪ əˈʧiv ðə lɛg dræg pəˈzɪʃən frəm maʊnt, rɪr maʊnt, 3 ˈdɪfərənt də lɑ ˈrivə (dlr*) swips, ənd frəm ðə ˈbeɪsɪk klɪnʧ (maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt). maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt pɑrt əv ɪz ðə kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ ənd ˈstrɪŋɪŋ təˈgɛðər moves/positions*. aɪ bɪˈliv wət sɛts iʧ bɛlt ˈlɛvəl əˈpɑrt frəm ðə bɛlt bɪˈloʊ ɪt ənd ju kən ˈtruli əˈsɛs skɪl ˈlɛvəl wɪθ haʊ hi əˈplaɪz ðə mɔr ‘‘modern’*’ lɛg dræg wɪθ səm ˈklæsɪk swips ənd pəˈzɪʃənz. ˈwərkˌʃɑp aɪ ˈrɪli laɪk ðət tɪm rɪˈfərz tɪ ðiz ɛz ˈwərkˌʃɑps. ɛz ə ˈtiʧər, aɪ noʊ wɪn aɪ goʊ tɪ ə ˈsɛməˌnɑr, goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈsəmˌbɑdi ˈtɔkɪŋ ‘‘at’*’ mi ðə ɪnˈtaɪər taɪm ənd ˈɔfən taɪmz ˈsɛməˌnɑrz ər noʊ ˈdɪfərənt. bət aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ noʊ ðət ɪf goʊɪŋ tɪ ə ˈwərkˌʃɑp, ðət aɪ æm goʊɪŋ tɪ bi duɪŋ wərk ənd ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈbɛtər ɛz ə ˈtiʧər. wɪn ju əˈtɛnd wən əv ˈwərkˌʃɑps, ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ pʊt ɪn ə lɔt əv rɛps bət ˈɔlsoʊ ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ wɔk aʊt wɪθ ˈmɛntəl ənd ˈməsəl ˈmɛməri ðət wɪl əˈlaʊ ju tɪ juz ðə tɛkˈniks ju ˈlərnɪd ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər. aɪ ˈrɪli ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ðə ‘‘concepts’*’ ˈsɛkʃən əv ðɪs ˈwərkˌʃɑp ðət gɪvz ə lɔt əv ənd tɪ ðə pəˈzɪʃən, ɛz wɛl ɛz ə lɔt əv θɪŋz ju ˌɔrdəˈnɛrəli ˈnoʊtɪs ʤɪst frəm ˈwɑʧɪŋ laɪk wɛr tɪm həz hɪz weɪt ənd haʊ ðə lɛg dræg wʊd wərk əˈgɛnst əˈpoʊnənts əv ˈdɪfərənt bɪldz. maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt tɛkˈnik ɪn ðɪs ˈsɛkʃən ɪz ðə pass.’*.’ tɪm ʃoʊd ɪt tɪ mi wən taɪm ənd bɪn ˈjuzɪŋ ɪt fər ˈrəfli ə jɪr tɪ pæs hæf gɑrd wɪθ ə lɔt əv səkˈsɛs. aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz goʊ tɪ ðə lɛg dræg frəm ɪt, bət ˈvɛri rɛr ðət aɪ gɪt ə pæs wɪn aɪ du ɪt kərˈɛktli. æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈwərkˌʃɑp, tɪm dɪˈskəsɪz ðət wəns fəˈmɪljər wɪθ ðə lɛg dræg, si ɪt ˈɛvriˌwɛr. hi goʊz ˈoʊvər ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈdɪfərənt ˈpleɪsɪz si ɪt frəm səʧ ɛz ðə. biɪŋ ə ˈhɔrəbəl pleɪər ˌmaɪˈsɛlf, aɪ ləv ðə ˈɔpʃən tɪ kəm əp ˈɪntu ðə lɛg dræg! aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈrɪli laɪk ðət tɪm gɪvz aʊt ə ˈlɛsən plæn ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈwərkˌʃɑps tɪ hɛlp əˈtɛnˈdiz rɪˈteɪn wət ðeɪ ˈlərnɪd ðət deɪ. graʊnd ˈziroʊ ˈwərkˌʃɑp ɪn ðɪs ˈwərkˌʃɑp, tɪm ˈrɪli ˈstrɛsɪz ðə lɛg dræg ɛz ə pəˈzɪʃən, ənd nɑt ə pæs. aɪ bɪˈliv ðɪs ɪz ˈsɪmələr tɪ haʊ ˈpipəl laɪk ˈninoʊ ˈʃɛmbri vju ðə ɛz ə pəˈzɪʃən ənd nɑt ə səbˈmɪʃən. gɪt aʊt ə ənd ˈpeɪpər ər bi ˈtaɪpɪŋ ɔn jʊr kəmˈpjutər waɪl ˈwɑʧɪŋ ðɪs. ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈditeɪlz ɪz ˌɪnˈseɪn ənd ðeɪ ɔl meɪk ə juʤ ˈdɪfərənt bɪtˈwin biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ du ɪt ˈvərsəz waɪt bɛlts ənd ˈvərsəz ədˈvænst bɛlts. maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt pɑrt əv ðɪs ˈwərkˌʃɑp ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli ðə lɛg dræg ˌɪnˈstrəkʃən, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ənd drɪlz ˈsɛkʃənz æt ðə ɛnd. tɪm ʃoʊz ə lɔt əv ˈɔsəm drɪlz tɪ ˌɪnˈkris jʊr lɛg dræg skɪlz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ˈlɔŋgər tɛkˈniks. fən noʊt ðət ˈoʊnli ˈtiʧərz wɪl pɪk əp ɔn, bət tɪm ˈɔlˌweɪz snæps hɪz ˈfɪŋgərz wɪn hi ɪz ˈspikɪŋ əˈbaʊt hɪz hænz. ðɪs ɪz tɪ hɛlp ju hæv ən ˈɔdɪˌtɔri kju ɔn wɛr tɪ lʊk ənd ˈɔlsoʊ soʊ hi hæv tɪ kip ˌdɪfərˈɛnʧiˌeɪtɪŋ bɪtˈwin seɪɪŋ left/right*. ðɪs ɪz ən ˈɔsəm ˈvɛtərən ˈtiʧər tul ðət aɪ fərst pɪkt əp frəm ˈwɑʧɪŋ rɔɪ din, ənd sin tɪm du ɪt ɪn ˈpərsən, soʊ ˈrɪli kul tɪ si tɪm du ɪt ɪn hɪz ˈwərkˌʃɑps. ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˌɪmˈprɛʃən aɪ ˈrɪli laɪk ðət tɪm stɪks tɪ səm mɔr ˈsɑləd staɪl lɛg drægz ˈvərsəz ðə mɔr ˈkɑmən grab’*’ lɛg dræg. hi dɪz soʊ bɪˈkəz ˈivɪn wɪn ju hæv ˈæŋkəl kənˈtroʊl, ju stɪl hæv tɪ gɪt pæst ðə shins*, ənd hɪps tɪ pæs, wɪʧ ɪz ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈdɪfəkəlt əˈgɛnst ə ˈsizənd gɑrd pleɪər. ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ðɪs ˌdiˌviˈdi ɪz fænˈtæstɪk nɑt tu məʧ tɪ ˌoʊvərˈwɛlm ənd bi ˈwərθləs, bət nɑt tu ˈlɪtəl ˈiðər ðə ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənəl ɪz fəˈnɑmənəl tɪm ɪz ən ˈɛksələnt ˈtiʧər ənd prəˈvaɪdz ˈɛvəri ki ˈditeɪl ðə tɛkˈniks ər wɛl ˈʧoʊzən moʊst əv ðiz ər tɛkˈniks aɪ sin ˈɛlsˌwɛr, ɔn ˈjuˌtub ər ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˈoʊvərˌɔl, aɪ θɪŋk ðɪs ˌdiˌviˈdi wʊd bi ə greɪt ˈvælju æt 75 ənd ən ˈæbsəˌlut stil æt 35 klɪk hir tɪ ʧɛk ɪt aʊt!
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the supreme court on monday said costco could be liable for copyright infringement for selling watches without the manufacturer's authorization.
the high court ruling, with justice elena kagan recused was interpreting the so-called "first-sale" doctrine (.pdf) of u.s. copyright law. until monday's ruling, the doctrine was thought to allow the purchaser of a copyrighted work to the work without the copyright holder's permission. that's why we have used bookstores, record stores, (.pdf) and even ebay. (.pdf)
however, because there was no majority decision, monday's ruling solely affirms a lower court's decision against costco and does not adopt a nationwide precedent.
"it's as if the court never took the case in the first place. we have to wait for another case like this to come along," said thomas goldstein, the founder who has argued nearly two dozen cases before the high court.
the case before the justices was brought by costco, which was selling the omega watch for about $1,300, well below the $2,000 recommended u.s. price.
omega, of switzerland, sued costco for copyright infringement, because costco was obtaining the watches from unauthorized european dealers that sold them far cheaper than omega distributors. omega copyrighted the watch design in the united states by imprinting the company's emblem on the underside of the timepiece.
the justices upheld a lower court decision saying the doctrine did not apply to goods produced overseas.
costco, in its appeal of the u.s. circuit court of appeals' ruling, told the supreme court that the decision effectively urges manufacturers to flee the united states (.pdf) to acquire complete control over distribution of their goods in the american market.
under the ruling, if hardware manufacturers adopt distribution and legal tactics, it might be copyright infringement to your used computers, mobile phones and tablet computers produced in china.
the obama administration, with kagan as solicitor general, had taken side, writing that the "copyright act does not apply outside the united states." (.pdf) if it did, the administration told the justices in a filing, that would be an "extraterritorial application of u.s. regulatory statutes."
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ðə səˈprim kɔrt ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ sɛd ˈkɔstkoʊ kʊd bi ˈlaɪəbəl fər ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˌɪnˈfrɪnʤmənt fər ˈsɛlɪŋ ˈwɑʧɪz wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˌmænjəˈfækʧərərz ˌɔθərəˈzeɪʃən. ðə haɪ kɔrt ˈrulɪŋ wɪθ ˈʤəstɪs ˌɛˈleɪnɑ ˈkeɪgən rɪˈkjuzd wɑz ˈɪntərˌprɛtɪŋ ðə ˈsoʊˈkɔld "first-sale*" ˈdɔktərɪn (.pdf*) əv juz. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt lɔ. ənˈtɪl ˈmənˌdeɪz ˈrulɪŋ, ðə ˈdɔktərɪn wɑz θɔt tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə ˈpərʧəsər əv ə ˈkɑpiˌraɪtɪd wərk tɪ ðə wərk wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈhoʊldərz pərˈmɪʃən. ðæts waɪ wi hæv juzd ˈbʊkˌstɔrz, ˈrɛkərd stɔrz, (.pdf*) ənd ˈivɪn ˈiˌbeɪ. (.pdf*) ˌhaʊˈɛvər, bɪˈkəz ðɛr wɑz noʊ məˈʤɔrəti dɪˈsɪʒən, ˈmənˌdeɪz ˈrulɪŋ ˈsoʊəli əˈfərmz ə loʊər kɔrts dɪˈsɪʒən əˈgɛnst ˈkɔstkoʊ ənd dɪz nɑt əˈdɑpt ə ˈneɪʃənˈwaɪd ˈprɛsɪdənt. "ɪts ɛz ɪf ðə kɔrt ˈnɛvər tʊk ðə keɪs ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs. wi hæv tɪ weɪt fər əˈnəðər keɪs laɪk ðɪs tɪ kəm əˈlɔŋ," sɛd ˈtɑməs ˈgoʊldˌstin, ðə ˈfaʊndər hu həz ˈɑrgjud ˈnɪrli tu ˈdəzən ˈkeɪsɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə haɪ kɔrt. ðə keɪs ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈʤəstɪsɪz wɑz brɔt baɪ ˈkɔstkoʊ, wɪʧ wɑz ˈsɛlɪŋ ðə oʊˈmɛgə wɔʧ fər əˈbaʊt wɛl bɪˈloʊ ðə ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd juz. praɪs. oʊˈmɛgə, əv sˈwɪtsərlənd, sud ˈkɔstkoʊ fər ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˌɪnˈfrɪnʤmənt, bɪˈkəz ˈkɔstkoʊ wɑz əbˈteɪnɪŋ ðə ˈwɑʧɪz frəm əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈdilərz ðət soʊld ðɛm fɑr ˈʧipər ðən oʊˈmɛgə dɪˈstrɪbjətərz. oʊˈmɛgə ˈkɑpiˌraɪtɪd ðə wɔʧ dɪˈzaɪn ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts baɪ ˌɪmˈprɪnɪŋ ðə ˈkəmpəniz ˈɛmbləm ɔn ðə ˈəndərˌsaɪd əv ðə ˈtaɪmˌpis. ðə ˈʤəstɪsɪz əˈphɛld ə loʊər kɔrt dɪˈsɪʒən seɪɪŋ ðə ˈdɔktərɪn dɪd nɑt əˈplaɪ tɪ gʊdz prəˈdust ˈoʊvərˈsiz. ˈkɔstkoʊ, ɪn ɪts əˈpil əv ðə juz. ˈsərkət kɔrt əv əˈpilz' ˈrulɪŋ, toʊld ðə səˈprim kɔrt ðət ðə dɪˈsɪʒən ˈifɛktɪvli ˈərʤɪz ˌmænjəˈfækʧərərz tɪ fli ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts (.pdf*) tɪ əkˈwaɪər kəmˈplit kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən əv ðɛr gʊdz ɪn ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈmɑrkɪt. ˈəndər ðə ˈrulɪŋ, ɪf ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˌmænjəˈfækʧərərz əˈdɑpt ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ənd ˈligəl ˈtæktɪks, ɪt maɪt bi ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˌɪnˈfrɪnʤmənt tɪ jʊr juzd kəmˈpjutərz, ˈmoʊbəl foʊnz ənd ˈtæblət kəmˈpjutərz prəˈdust ɪn ˈʧaɪnə. ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən, wɪθ ˈkeɪgən ɛz səˈlɪsətər ˈʤɛnərəl, hæd ˈteɪkən saɪd, ˈraɪtɪŋ ðət ðə "ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ækt dɪz nɑt əˈplaɪ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts." (.pdf*) ɪf ɪt dɪd, ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən toʊld ðə ˈʤəstɪsɪz ɪn ə ˈfaɪlɪŋ, ðət wʊd bi ən "ˌɛkstrəˌtɛrɪˈtɔriəl ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən əv juz. ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri ˈstæʧuts." si ˈɔlsoʊ:
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washington is planning to table another bill for a regime change in damascus at united nations. its contents are not much different than what were vetoed by both russia and china recently. one cannot blame barack obama administration to keep trying to bring aboard a united un security council vote to exploit it for a regime change as it did in libya with the help of two veto-powers, france and britain. washington is not in the position to bypass as it did in 2003 and invaded iraq.
pro-usrael former prime minister of lebanon, hariri, spilled the beans in an interview with a british reporter last month that washington wants to establish a coalition government in damascus consisting of muslim brotherhood and leaders. the new regime will not only establish diplomatic relation with the zionist entity but also distance itself from, hamas and iran. thus making it easier for to attack the islamic republic.
to begin with, the us, israel, turkey and saudi arabia has introduced the religious ‘sectarian card’ in syria which has been home to one of the most tolerant religious society in the arab world pitting sunni majority against shia, christian and minorities. washington and qatar is arming the rebels as they did in libya.
however, syria is not an easy toast like libya, afghanistan or iraq. but the jewish lobby believes that a regime in damascus is the only way to get rid of iranian menace. zionist jew danielle of the american enterprise institute (aei), a propaganda arm of israel lobby (aipac) said recently:
“syria is the soft underbelly of iran, most important ally, conduit for arms and cash to terrorists. a unique confluence of american moral purpose and strategic interest argue for intervention in syria. time to start arming the free syrian army (rebels)”.
one wonder why the us should turn against one of its arab ally which helped us by sending its forces in lebanon to protect both the interests in late 1980s?
in addition to russian support bashar regime is supported by iran, iraq, and hamas. syria itself has strong army and airforce equipped with tanks, missiles and fighter-planes. all together, could make israeli jewish lives hell.
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ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ɪz ˈplænɪŋ tɪ ˈteɪbəl əˈnəðər bɪl fər ə rəˈʒim ʧeɪnʤ ɪn dəˈmæskəs æt juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz. ɪts ˈkɑntɛnts ər nɑt məʧ ˈdɪfərənt ðən wət wər ˈviˌtoʊd baɪ boʊθ ˈrəʃə ənd ˈʧaɪnə ˈrisəntli. wən ˈkænɑt bleɪm ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən tɪ kip traɪɪŋ tɪ brɪŋ əˈbɔrd ə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈjuˈɛn sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈkaʊnsəl voʊt tɪ ˌɛkˈsplɔɪt ɪt fər ə rəˈʒim ʧeɪnʤ ɛz ɪt dɪd ɪn ˈlɪˌbiə wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv tu veto-powers*, fræns ənd ˈbrɪtən. ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ɪz nɑt ɪn ðə pəˈzɪʃən tɪ ˈbaɪˌpæs ɛz ɪt dɪd ɪn 2003 ənd ˌɪnˈveɪdɪd ˌɪˈrɑk. ˈfɔrmər praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər əv ˈlɛbənən, hərˈɪri, spɪld ðə binz ɪn ən ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ ə ˈbrɪtɪʃ rɪˈpɔrtər læst mənθ ðət ˈwɔʃɪŋtən wɔnts tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ə ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈgəvərnmənt ɪn dəˈmæskəs kənˈsɪstɪŋ əv ˈməzlɪm ˈbrəðərˌhʊd ənd ˈlidərz. ðə nu rəˈʒim wɪl nɑt ˈoʊnli ɪˈstæblɪʃ ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk riˈleɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˈzaɪənɪst ˈɛntɪti bət ˈɔlsoʊ ˈdɪstəns ˌɪtˈsɛlf frəm, ˌhɑˈmɑs ənd ˌɪˈrɑn. ðəs ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt ˈiziər fər tɪ əˈtæk ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk riˈpəblɪk. tɪ bɪˈgɪn wɪθ, ðə ˈjuˈɛs, ˈɪzriəl, ˈtərki ənd ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə həz ˌɪntrəˈdust ðə rɪˈlɪʤəs card’*’ ɪn ˈsɪriə wɪʧ həz bɪn hoʊm tɪ wən əv ðə moʊst ˈtɑlərənt rɪˈlɪʤəs soʊˈsaɪɪti ɪn ðə ˈærəb wərld ˈpɪtɪŋ ˈsuni məˈʤɔrəti əˈgɛnst ˈʃiə, ˈkrɪsʧɪn ənd məˈnɔrətiz. ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ənd ˌkəˈtɑr ɪz ˈɑrmɪŋ ðə ˈrɛbəlz ɛz ðeɪ dɪd ɪn ˈlɪˌbiə. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈsɪriə ɪz nɑt ən ˈizi toʊst laɪk ˈlɪˌbiə, æfˈgænəˌstæn ər ˌɪˈrɑk. bət ðə ʤuɪʃ ˈlɑbi bɪˈlivz ðət ə rəˈʒim ɪn dəˈmæskəs ɪz ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ tɪ gɪt rɪd əv ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈmɛnɪs. ˈzaɪənɪst ʤu ˌdænˈjɛl əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɛnərˌpraɪz ˈɪnstɪˌtut (aei*), ə ˌprɑpəˈgændə ɑrm əv ˈɪzriəl ˈlɑbi (ˈaɪˌpæk) sɛd ˈrisəntli: ɪz ðə sɔft ˈəndərˌbɛli əv ˌɪˈrɑn, moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈælaɪ, ˈkɑnʤuɪt fər ɑrmz ənd kæʃ tɪ ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts. ə juˈnik ˈkɑnfluəns əv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈmɔrəl ˈpərpəs ənd strəˈtiʤɪk ˈɪntəˌrɛst ˈɑrgju fər ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən ɪn ˈsɪriə. taɪm tɪ stɑrt ˈɑrmɪŋ ðə fri ˈsɪriən ˈɑrmi (rebels)”*)”. wən ˈwəndər waɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ʃʊd tərn əˈgɛnst wən əv ɪts ˈærəb ˈælaɪ wɪʧ hɛlpt ˈjuˈɛs baɪ ˈsɛndɪŋ ɪts ˈfɔrsɪz ɪn ˈlɛbənən tɪ prəˈtɛkt boʊθ ðə ˈɪntərɪsts ɪn leɪt 1980s*? ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ˈrəʃən səˈpɔrt bəˈʃɑr rəˈʒim ɪz səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ˌɪˈrɑn, ˌɪˈrɑk, ənd ˌhɑˈmɑs. ˈsɪriə ˌɪtˈsɛlf həz strɔŋ ˈɑrmi ənd ˈɛrfɔrs ɪkˈwɪpt wɪθ tæŋks, ˈmɪsəlz ənd fighter-planes*. ɔl təˈgɛðər, kʊd meɪk ˌɪzˈreɪli ʤuɪʃ lɪvz hɛl. ˈædvərˌtaɪzmənts
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republican lawmakers in pennsylvania are trying to quickly push through a measure to would allow people from outside a voting district to watch over voters.
the bill would take effect in time for this presidential election in a state where donald trump has repeatedly claimed he will be the victim of voter fraud. he has provided no evidence to back that accusation.
raging chicken press, a progressive website focused on pennsylvania politics, reported that the bill was being swiftly pushed through the house of representatives. the bill would “allow trump supporters from around the state to ‘watch’ over the polls in minority communities throughout the state,” the website noted.
on wednesday, the bill was sent to the appropriations committee to determine how much it would cost to implement.
pennsylvania democrats warned that the measure could lead to voter intimidation.
simply put: fighting to allow outside agitators to intimidate your local poll workers and make it harder for you to vote pa house democrats (@pahousedems) september 21, 2016
poll watchers can intimidate voters by raising constant challenges at polling places, reported.
“there’s actually a risk that, in a more disorganized way, people are going to be showing up to the polls, they know the law, and be engaging in discriminatory challenges,” adam gitlin, counsel for the democracy program of new york university school of brennan center for justice, told. “that can create the potential for a lot of disruption, longer lines because each voter takes longer to vote and potentially discouraging and intimidating voters from coming to the polls.”
trump and his supporters have repeatedly made allegations of voter fraud and called for volunteers to “stop crooked hillary from rigging this election!”
“the only way we can lose, in my opinion, i really mean this, pennsylvania, is if cheating goes on,” trump claimed last month, despite being consistently behind in the polls there.
advancement project, a civil rights organization, has published a guide explaining what poll watchers are allowed to do and what not allowed to do in pennsylvania, which is available here.
“if you are challenged on election day, do not leave without voting. at the very least, vote a provisional ballot.”
on wednesday, the bill was sent to the appropriations committee to determine how much it will cost the state to implement.
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rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ɪn ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə ər traɪɪŋ tɪ kˈwɪkli pʊʃ θru ə ˈmɛʒər tɪ wʊd əˈlaʊ ˈpipəl frəm ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ə ˈvoʊtɪŋ ˈdɪstrɪkt tɪ wɔʧ ˈoʊvər ˈvoʊtərz. ðə bɪl wʊd teɪk ˈifɛkt ɪn taɪm fər ðɪs ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən ɪn ə steɪt wɛr ˈdɑnəld trəmp həz rɪˈpitɪdli kleɪmd hi wɪl bi ðə ˈvɪktɪm əv ˈvoʊtər frɔd. hi həz prəˈvaɪdɪd noʊ ˈɛvədəns tɪ bæk ðət ˌækjəˈzeɪʃən. ˈreɪʤɪŋ ˈʧɪkən prɛs, ə prəˈgrɛsɪv ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə ˈpɑləˌtɪks, ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ðə bɪl wɑz biɪŋ sˈwɪftli pʊʃt θru ðə haʊs əv ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz. ðə bɪl wʊd trəmp səˈpɔrtərz frəm əraʊnd ðə steɪt tɪ ‘‘watch’*’ ˈoʊvər ðə poʊlz ɪn məˈnɔrəti kəmˈjunɪtiz θruaʊt ðə state,”*,” ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈnoʊtɪd. ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ðə bɪl wɑz sɛnt tɪ ðə əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃənz kəˈmɪti tɪ dɪˈtərmən haʊ məʧ ɪt wʊd kɔst tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt. ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə ˈdɛməˌkræts wɔrnd ðət ðə ˈmɛʒər kʊd lɛd tɪ ˈvoʊtər ˌɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən. ˈsɪmpli pʊt: ˈfaɪtɪŋ tɪ əˈlaʊ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈæʤɪˌteɪtərz tɪ ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt jʊr ˈloʊkəl poʊl ˈwərkərz ənd meɪk ɪt ˈhɑrdər fər ju tɪ voʊt pɑ haʊs ˈdɛməˌkræts (@pahousedems*) sɛpˈtɛmbər 21 2016 poʊl ˈwɑʧərz kən ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt ˈvoʊtərz baɪ ˈreɪzɪŋ ˈkɑnstənt ˈʧælənʤɪz æt ˈpoʊlɪŋ ˈpleɪsɪz, ˌriˈpɔrtəd. ˈæˌkʧuəli ə rɪsk ðət, ɪn ə mɔr dɪˈsɔrgəˌnaɪzd weɪ, ˈpipəl ər goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ʃoʊɪŋ əp tɪ ðə poʊlz, ðeɪ noʊ ðə lɔ, ənd bi ɪnˈgeɪʤɪŋ ɪn dɪˈskrɪmənəˌtɔri challenges,”*,” ˈædəm ˈʤɪtlɪn, ˈkaʊnsəl fər ðə dɪˈmɑkrəsi ˈproʊˌgræm əv nu jɔrk ˌjunəˈvərsəti skul əv ˈbrɛnən ˈsɛnər fər ˈʤəstɪs, toʊld. kən kriˈeɪt ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl fər ə lɔt əv dɪsˈrəpʃən, ˈlɔŋgər laɪnz bɪˈkəz iʧ ˈvoʊtər teɪks ˈlɔŋgər tɪ voʊt ənd pəˈtɛnʃəli dɪˈskərɪʤɪŋ ənd ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪtɪŋ ˈvoʊtərz frəm ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ðə polls.”*.” trəmp ənd hɪz səˈpɔrtərz hæv rɪˈpitɪdli meɪd ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz əv ˈvoʊtər frɔd ənd kɔld fər ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz tɪ ˈkrʊkəd ˈhɪləri frəm ˈrɪgɪŋ ðɪs election!”*!” ˈoʊnli weɪ wi kən luz, ɪn maɪ əˈpɪnjən, aɪ ˈrɪli min ðɪs, ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə, ɪz ɪf ˈʧitɪŋ goʊz on,”*,” trəmp kleɪmd læst mənθ, dɪˈspaɪt biɪŋ kənˈsɪstəntli bɪˈhaɪnd ɪn ðə poʊlz ðɛr. ədˈvænsmənt ˈprɑʤɛkt, ə ˈsɪvəl raɪts ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən, həz ˈpəblɪʃt ə gaɪd ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ wət poʊl ˈwɑʧərz ər əˈlaʊd tɪ du ənd wət nɑt əˈlaʊd tɪ du ɪn ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə, wɪʧ ɪz əˈveɪləbəl hir. ju ər ˈʧælənʤd ɔn ɪˈlɛkʃən deɪ, du nɑt liv wɪˈθaʊt ˈvoʊtɪŋ. æt ðə ˈvɛri list, voʊt ə prəˈvɪʒənəl ballot.”*.” ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ðə bɪl wɑz sɛnt tɪ ðə əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃənz kəˈmɪti tɪ dɪˈtərmən haʊ məʧ ɪt wɪl kɔst ðə steɪt tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt.
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« is whale oil a journalist (2)? | main | some questions for the pm »
by steven | september 14, 2014
yes. yes, he is. the high court says so, as whale oil points out triumphantly. like the good journalist he is, he even shows us the evidence: para 145 of justice judgment.
mr slater then goes on to demonstrate his journalistic chops by entirely failing to report the rest of the judgment. that includes the part where the judge says the material in his posts was “extreme and vindictive” and bore “the hallmarks of a private feud”, was not of any public interest , and was probably unlawfully obtained.
he also omits the conclusion that he therefore has to turn over his sources, which was in fact the whole point of the application.
topics: confidential sources | no comments »
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ɪz weɪl ɔɪl ə ˈʤərnəlɪst 2 meɪn səm kˈwɛsʧənz fər ðə piɛm baɪ ˈstivən sɛpˈtɛmbər 14 2014 jɛs. jɛs, hi ɪz. ðə haɪ kɔrt sɪz soʊ, ɛz weɪl ɔɪl pɔɪnts aʊt traɪˈəmfəntli. laɪk ðə gʊd ˈʤərnəlɪst hi ɪz, hi ˈivɪn ʃoʊz ˈjuˈɛs ðə ˈɛvədəns: ˈpɛrə 145 əv ˈʤəstɪs ˈʤəʤmənt. ˈmɪstər sˈleɪtər ðɛn goʊz ɔn tɪ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt hɪz ˌʤərnəˈlɪstɪk ʧɑps baɪ ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ rɪˈpɔrt ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈʤəʤmənt. ðət ˌɪnˈkludz ðə pɑrt wɛr ðə ʤəʤ sɪz ðə məˈtɪriəl ɪn hɪz poʊsts wɑz ənd vindictive”*” ənd bɔr ˈhɔlˌmɑrks əv ə ˈpraɪvət feud”*”, wɑz nɑt əv ˈɛni ˈpəblɪk ˈɪntəˌrɛst ənd wɑz ˈprɑbəˌbli ənˈlɔfəli əbˈteɪnd. hi ˈɔlsoʊ oʊˈmɪts ðə kənˈkluʒən ðət hi ˈðɛrˌfɔr həz tɪ tərn ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈsɔrsəz, wɪʧ wɑz ɪn fækt ðə hoʊl pɔɪnt əv ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən. ˈtɑpɪks: ˌkɑnfəˈdɛnʃəl ˈsɔrsəz noʊ ˈkɑmɛnts ˈkɑmɛnts ər kloʊzd.
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to further speculate that lego will be releasing a new lego star wars hoth echo base set in a few months, a listing in database that may have just confirmed the set. a set listed with set number 75098 which has a recommended retail price of $249.99. the dimensions of the box are also listed at x x inches which is the same size as the village (10236) . that set had 1990 pieces so thinking that the hoth echo base will have around the same number of pieces.
if you watched the lego star wars mini movie that could be a teaser for the set, you can check it out over on the minisite. thanks to joseph for the heads up.
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tɪ ˈfərðər ˈspɛkjəˌleɪt ðət ˈlɛgoʊ wɪl bi riˈlisɪŋ ə nu ˈlɛgoʊ stɑr wɔrz hɑθ ˈɛkoʊ beɪs sɛt ɪn ə fju mənθs, ə ˈlɪstɪŋ ɪn ˈdætəˌbeɪs ðət meɪ hæv ʤɪst kənˈfərmd ðə sɛt. ə sɛt ˈlɪstɪd wɪθ sɛt ˈnəmbər 75098 wɪʧ həz ə ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ˈriˌteɪl praɪs əv ðə dɪˈmɛnʃənz əv ðə bɑks ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlɪstɪd æt ɛks ɛks ˈɪnʧɪz wɪʧ ɪz ðə seɪm saɪz ɛz ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ 10236 ðət sɛt hæd 1990 ˈpisɪz soʊ ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ðət ðə hɑθ ˈɛkoʊ beɪs wɪl hæv əraʊnd ðə seɪm ˈnəmbər əv ˈpisɪz. ɪf ju wɔʧt ðə ˈlɛgoʊ stɑr wɔrz ˈmɪni ˈmuvi ðət kʊd bi ə ˈtizər fər ðə sɛt, ju kən ʧɛk ɪt aʊt ˈoʊvər ɔn ðə minisite*. θæŋks tɪ ˈʤoʊzəf fər ðə hɛdz əp.
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in case you noticed, or perhaps you forgot, pope francis will be arriving in the washington dc tomorrow, his first apostolic journey to the united states. here are 10 things to bear in mind ahead of his arrival.
10. that addressing congress in spanish mean he favors illegal immigration or nafta.
9. pope francis be endorsing your presidential candidate.
8. pope francis be the supreme court, nancy pelosi, joe biden, etc., etc.
7. pope francis be appearing on any of the late night talk shows.
6. that meeting president obama make him a marxist.
5. that speaking to the un make him a new world order globalist.
4. that attending a service at ground zero mean he believes in or is for a one world religion.
3. that meeting with catholic charities mean he supports contraception or abortion.
2. none of the major networks or cable news programs covering pope francis’ have a clue on how the catholic church works.
1. catholic doctrine will be described as “policy”.
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ɪn keɪs ju ˈnoʊtɪst, ər pərˈhæps ju fərˈgɑt, poʊp ˈfrænsɪs wɪl bi ərˈaɪvɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˌdiˈsi təˈmɑˌroʊ, hɪz fərst ˌæpɔˈstɔlɪk ˈʤərni tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. hir ər 10 θɪŋz tɪ bɛr ɪn maɪnd əˈhɛd əv hɪz ərˈaɪvəl. 10 ðət æˈdrɛsɪŋ ˈkɑŋgrəs ɪn ˈspænɪʃ min hi ˈfeɪvərz ˌɪˈligəl ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ər ˈnæftə. 9 poʊp ˈfrænsɪs bi ɛnˈdɔrsɪŋ jʊr ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈkænədɪt. 8 poʊp ˈfrænsɪs bi ðə səˈprim kɔrt, ˈnænsi pɛˈloʊsi, ʤoʊ ˈbaɪdən, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə., ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. 7 poʊp ˈfrænsɪs bi əˈpɪrɪŋ ɔn ˈɛni əv ðə leɪt naɪt tɔk ʃoʊz. 6 ðət ˈmitɪŋ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌoʊˈbɑmə meɪk ɪm ə ˈmɑrksɪst. 5 ðət ˈspikɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛn meɪk ɪm ə nu wərld ˈɔrdər globalist*. 4 ðət əˈtɛndɪŋ ə ˈsərvɪs æt graʊnd ˈziroʊ min hi bɪˈlivz ɪn ər ɪz fər ə wən wərld rɪˈlɪʤən. 3 ðət ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ ˈkæθlɪk ˈʧɛrɪtiz min hi səˈpɔrts ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən ər əˈbɔrʃən. 2 nən əv ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈnɛtˌwərks ər ˈkeɪbəl nuz ˈproʊˌgræmz ˈkəvərɪŋ poʊp francis’*’ hæv ə klu ɔn haʊ ðə ˈkæθlɪk ʧərʧ wərks. 1 ˈkæθlɪk ˈdɔktərɪn wɪl bi dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz ““policy”*”.
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this this article was originally published at . it has been at with permission.
justin government has quietly issued its first batch of permits for the site c dam allowing construction to move forward on the $8.8 billion hydro project despite ongoing legal challenges by two first nations.
the review report on site c found the megawatt dam will result in significant and irreversible adverse impacts on treaty 8 first nations.
caleb behn, who is from west moberly first nation, one of the nations taking the federal government to court, says trudeau has broken his promise.
“it’s century technology being permitted with century thinking and i expected more from the trudeau government,” he said. “these permits were our last best hope to resolve this.”
“these permits suggest very strongly that, at least these ministries, if not entire cabinet, are unwilling to engage in reconciliation with indigenous peoples. i thought this country could be more.”
charlie angus, for bay and critic for indigenous and northern affairs, echoed those sentiments.
“i think this was a real test of the trudeau government and they failed the test,” angus said.
“the liberals seem to be thinking that if they say the right things, somehow the same as doing the right things.”
trudeau has emphasized building a new relationship with indigenous peoples since taking office in october. he included the following paragraph in every ministerial mandate letter:
“no relationship is more important to me and to canada than the one with indigenous peoples. it is time for a renewed, relationship with indigenous peoples, based on recognition of rights, respect, co-operation, and partnership.”
but with the issuing of the site c permits, doubts have been cast on that promise.
“we hear from all the key ministers about the relationship and then they rubber stamp and go ahead with all the big projects,” angus said.
for behn, who was the subject of a documentary called fractured land last year, the sense of disappointment was palpable.
“what do they care about a backwater in northern b.c. that only has voters?” he asked. “if you spent $9 billion on solar panels, geothermal you have to run roughshod over indigenous rights.”
liberals ignore calls to delay permits
the permits allow hydro to block the flow of the peace river and disrupt fisheries, activities that require federal permission. until now, the liberal government issued any permits for the dam (the only federal permits issued were doled out during the last election by former prime minister stephen harper).
the site c dam will flood more than 100 kilometres of river valley and impact hectares of agricultural land including flooding hectares of farmland in the agricultural land reserve, an area nearly twice the size of the city of victoria.
groups ranging from amnesty international to the david suzuki foundation to the royal society of canada have called on trudeau to halt construction of the dam.
“the people of treaty 8 have said no to site c. any government that is truly committed to reconciliation with indigenous peoples, to respecting human rights and to promoting truly clean energy must listen,” stated a letter sent to the federal government in february.
federal green party leader elizabeth may has called site c the “litmus test” for the federal commitment to a new relationship with indigenous peoples.
“it is agonizing to witness the starting gun for a race between bulldozers and justice,” may said in a statement in which she expressed “deep disappointment” with the federal government.
the royal society of canada described the site c joint review panel report as the strongest and most negative review to be ignored by government.
in its report, the panel wrote that it conclude that the power from site c was needed on the schedule presented, adding: “justification must rest on an unambiguous need for the power and analyses showing its financial costs being sufficiently attractive as to make tolerable the bearing of substantial environmental, social and other costs.”
the panel recommended the project be reviewed by the b.c. utilities commission however, the b.c. and federal governments approved the dam without further review in late 2014.
was consultation with first nations adequate?
west moberly first nation and prophet river first nation will appear in a federal court in montreal in september to fight their case.
“sitting down and consulting with the provincial and federal government is a waste of time,” said chief roland willson of west moberly first nation. “the only option we have is to challenge them in court.”
the department of fisheries and oceans responded to request for comment on the issuing of site c permits with the following statement:
“for the past seven months, has consulted potentially affected indigenous groups on the review of application for authorization for the main civil construction works. in particular, contacted the prophet river and west moberly first nations, along with ten other potentially affected indigenous groups. officials have made significant efforts to provide opportunities for input, including a july 18 face-to-face meeting between minister leblanc and west moberly first nations chief roland willson and prophet river first nation chief lynette tsakoza. will continue to engage with indigenous groups that have raised concerns about the project to ensure that their concerns continue to be heard and taken into account.”
willson told canada the july meeting marked the first time in six years that his nation has met with an official federal decision-maker on the site c file.
“we met in vancouver for about an hour. they sat there and took their notes and shook their heads in disbelief and then hopped on a plane back to ottawa,” willson said.
“that whole process was to check the box. they responded to any one of our concerns. if we go, they get to check the box beside the other box saying that we refuse to consult with them. no box anywhere that says ‘this was meaningful.’ the only box is did we show up or we.”
willson said the liberals have forgotten their election promises.
“this liberal government is no different than the previous harper government. just sneaky. at least with harper they were upfront about it.”
democracy group has launched a phone action across canada to encourage citizens to “flood the phone lines before they flood the peace valley.” they are asking canadians to call theirs and let them know it is unacceptable for trudeau to issue permits while an outstanding first nations legal challenge about the site c dam. raven trust is also raising funds to support the first nations legal challenge.
enbridge northern gateway pipeline overturned due to lack of consultation
recently, the federal court of appeal ruled that the federal government failed to meet even a basic standard of first nations consultation on another controversial b.c. proposal the northern gateway pipeline.
with that ruling, the approval of the pipeline was overturned.
“the inadequacies more than just a handful and more than mere imperfections left entire subjects of central interest to the affected first nations, sometimes subjects affecting their subsistence and well-being, entirely ignored,” the judges wrote in their ruling.
“many impacts of the project some identified in the report of the joint review panel, some not were left undisclosed, and unconsidered.”
the question of whether there has been adequate consultation ultimately rests with the courts but if the site c dam approval is overturned, a whole lot of public money will be at risk.
muskrat falls boondoggle ‘almost identical’ to site c
we need look no further than the muskrat falls debacle in newfoundland to learn what happens when provinces embark on projects without a proven need for the power.
the muskrat falls hydro project now under construction on the lower churchill has nearly doubled in cost since first beginning construction (from $6.2 billion to $11.4 billion).
stan marshall, the ceo of, provincial power corporation, has called the project a “boondoggle.”
“it was a gamble and gone against us,” he told reporters last month.
by 2022, the domestic rate for power in the province is expected to nearly double. for the average homeowner, estimates this could mean an extra $150 per month in power costs.
“the generation and transmission project was much too large than was necessary to meet the energy requirements of the province,” he said.
“the original capital cost analysis, estimates and schedule was very aggressive and overly optimistic and just account for many of the risks that were known, or been known, at the time.”
muskrat falls went ahead without review by public utilities board and in defiance of the advice of the joint review panel.
sound familiar?
“it’s almost an identical case,” marc, former ceo of hydro, told canada.
“it’s clear even more so as each day goes by that there really is no business case for site c, especially with own electricity demand decreasing significantly.”
bc recent annual report shows that demand projections were off by nearly half a site c dam last year.
can the site c dam be stopped?
with the federal permits in place and b.c. premier christy clark vowing to get the dam “past the point of no return” before the next election, the big question is: can site c still be stopped?
eliesen points to examples from other provinces where projects have been halted mid-way.
for instance, in the 1970s, manitoba hydro began to build a dam on the nelson river called the limestone generating station. after years of construction, it became apparent that the long-term power forecasts had changed and construction was suspended.
“they stopped, not withstanding construction for years on a generation station that was larger than site c,” said.
“can you postpone, can you suspend, can you cancel site c? basically the experience in other jurisdictions shows that you can if the end result shows that the cost to the ratepayer will be more than if you postpone or suspend.”
the limestone project resumed seven years later in 1985 once a major export contract was negotiated with minnesota. was chairman of manitoba hydro at the time.
“if you want to export the power, you have to make sure exported on a firm power demand basis,” said. “any firm power deal would have to be made in advance on any decision to construct something in british columbia. it would be folly to think otherwise.”
selling power at the rate (often five to six times lower than the firm rate) means you cover the true cost of service.
“you’re going to lose your shirt on it,” says. “you’re going to sell power at a price that is less than it cost to create it.”
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ðɪs ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl wɑz ərˈɪʤənəli ˈpəblɪʃt æt ɪt həz bɪn æt wɪθ pərˈmɪʃən. ˈʤəstɪn ˈgəvərnmənt həz kˈwaɪətli ˈɪʃud ɪts fərst bæʧ əv ˈpərˌmɪts fər ðə saɪt si dæm əˈlaʊɪŋ kənˈstrəkʃən tɪ muv ˈfɔrwərd ɔn ðə ˈbɪljən ˈhaɪˌdroʊ ˈprɑʤɛkt dɪˈspaɪt ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈligəl ˈʧælənʤɪz baɪ tu fərst ˈneɪʃənz. ðə ˌrivˈju rɪˈpɔrt ɔn saɪt si faʊnd ðə ˈmɛgəˌwɑt dæm wɪl rɪˈzəlt ɪn sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ənd ˌɪrɪˈvərsəbəl ˌædˈvərs ˌɪmˈpækts ɔn ˈtriti 8 fərst ˈneɪʃənz. ˈkeɪləb bɛn, hu ɪz frəm wɛst ˈmoʊbərli fərst ˈneɪʃən, wən əv ðə ˈneɪʃənz ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ kɔrt, sɪz truˈdoʊ həz ˈbroʊkən hɪz ˈprɑməs. ˈsɛnʧəri tɛkˈnɑləʤi biɪŋ pərˈmɪtɪd wɪθ ˈsɛnʧəri ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ənd aɪ ɪkˈspɛktɪd mɔr frəm ðə truˈdoʊ government,”*,” hi sɛd. ˈpərˌmɪts wər ɑr læst bɛst hoʊp tɪ riˈzɑlv this.”*.” ˈpərˌmɪts səˈʤɛst ˈvɛri ˈstrɔŋli ðət, æt list ðiz ˈmɪnɪstriz, ɪf nɑt ɪnˈtaɪər ˈkæbənət, ər ənˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn ˌrɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃən wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈpipəlz. aɪ θɔt ðɪs ˈkəntri kʊd bi more.”*.” ˈʧɑrli ˈæŋgəs, fər beɪ ənd ˈkrɪtɪk fər ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ənd ˈnɔrðərn əˈfɛrz, ˈɛkoʊd ðoʊz ˈsɛnəmənts. θɪŋk ðɪs wɑz ə ril tɛst əv ðə truˈdoʊ ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ðeɪ feɪld ðə test,”*,” ˈæŋgəs sɛd. ˈlɪˌbərəlz sim tɪ bi ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ðət ɪf ðeɪ seɪ ðə raɪt θɪŋz, ˈsəmˌhaʊ ðə seɪm ɛz duɪŋ ðə raɪt things.”*.” truˈdoʊ həz ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzd ˈbɪldɪŋ ə nu riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈpipəlz sɪns ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈɔfəs ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər. hi ˌɪnˈkludɪd ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈpɛrəˌgræf ɪn ˈɛvəri ˌmɪnɪˈstiriəl ˈmænˌdeɪt ˈlɛtər: riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp ɪz mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ mi ənd tɪ ˈkænədə ðən ðə wən wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈpipəlz. ɪt ɪz taɪm fər ə rɪˈnud, riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈpipəlz, beɪst ɔn ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən əv raɪts, rɪˈspɛkt, co-operation*, ənd partnership.”*.” bət wɪθ ðə ˈɪʃuɪŋ əv ðə saɪt si ˈpərˌmɪts, daʊts hæv bɪn kæst ɔn ðət ˈprɑməs. hir frəm ɔl ðə ki ˈmɪnɪstərz əˈbaʊt ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp ənd ðɛn ðeɪ ˈrəbər stæmp ənd goʊ əˈhɛd wɪθ ɔl ðə bɪg projects,”*,” ˈæŋgəs sɛd. fər bɛn, hu wɑz ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv ə ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri kɔld ˈfrækʧərd lænd læst jɪr, ðə sɛns əv ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt wɑz ˈpælpəbəl. du ðeɪ kɛr əˈbaʊt ə ˈbækˌwɔtər ɪn ˈnɔrðərn b.c*. ðət ˈoʊnli həz voters?”*?” hi æst. ju spɛnt 9 ˈbɪljən ɔn ˈsoʊlər ˈpænəlz, ˌʤioʊˈθərməl ju hæv tɪ rən ˈrəfˈʃɑd ˈoʊvər ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs rights.”*.” ˈlɪˌbərəlz ˌɪgˈnɔr kɔlz tɪ dɪˈleɪ ˈpərˌmɪts ðə ˈpərˌmɪts əˈlaʊ ˈhaɪˌdroʊ tɪ blɑk ðə floʊ əv ðə pis ˈrɪvər ənd dɪsˈrəpt ˈfɪʃəriz, ækˈtɪvɪtiz ðət ˌrikˈwaɪər ˈfɛdərəl pərˈmɪʃən. ənˈtɪl naʊ, ðə ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈgəvərnmənt ˈɪʃud ˈɛni ˈpərˌmɪts fər ðə dæm (ðə ˈoʊnli ˈfɛdərəl ˈpərˌmɪts ˈɪʃud wər doʊld aʊt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə læst ɪˈlɛkʃən baɪ ˈfɔrmər praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈstivən ˈhɑrpər). ðə saɪt si dæm wɪl fləd mɔr ðən 100 ˌkɪˈlɔˌmətərz əv ˈrɪvər ˈvæli ənd ˌɪmˈpækt ˈhɛkˌtɑrz əv ˌægrɪˈkəlʧərəl lænd ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈflədɪŋ ˈhɛkˌtɑrz əv ˈfɑrmˌlænd ɪn ðə ˌægrɪˈkəlʧərəl lænd rɪˈzərv, ən ˈɛriə ˈnɪrli twaɪs ðə saɪz əv ðə ˈsɪti əv vɪkˈtɔriə. grups ˈreɪnʤɪŋ frəm ˈæmnəsti ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl tɪ ðə ˈdeɪvɪd səˈzuki faʊnˈdeɪʃən tɪ ðə rɔɪəl soʊˈsaɪɪti əv ˈkænədə hæv kɔld ɔn truˈdoʊ tɪ hɔlt kənˈstrəkʃən əv ðə dæm. ˈpipəl əv ˈtriti 8 hæv sɛd noʊ tɪ saɪt si. ˈɛni ˈgəvərnmənt ðət ɪz ˈtruli kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ˌrɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃən wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈpipəlz, tɪ riˈspɛktɪŋ ˈjumən raɪts ənd tɪ prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ˈtruli klin ˈɛnərʤi məst listen,”*,” ˈsteɪtɪd ə ˈlɛtər sɛnt tɪ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri. ˈfɛdərəl grin ˈpɑrti ˈlidər ɪˈlɪzəbɪθ meɪ həz kɔld saɪt si ðə test”*” fər ðə ˈfɛdərəl kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ə nu riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈpipəlz. ɪz ˈægənaɪzɪŋ tɪ ˈwɪtnəs ðə ˈstɑrtɪŋ gən fər ə reɪs bɪtˈwin ˈbʊlˌdoʊzərz ənd justice,”*,” meɪ sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt ɪn wɪʧ ʃi ɪkˈsprɛst disappointment”*” wɪθ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt. ðə rɔɪəl soʊˈsaɪɪti əv ˈkænədə dɪˈskraɪbd ðə saɪt si ʤɔɪnt ˌrivˈju ˈpænəl rɪˈpɔrt ɛz ðə ˈstrɔŋgəst ənd moʊst ˈnɛgətɪv ˌrivˈju tɪ bi ˌɪgˈnɔrd baɪ ˈgəvərnmənt. ɪn ɪts rɪˈpɔrt, ðə ˈpænəl roʊt ðət ɪt kənˈklud ðət ðə paʊər frəm saɪt si wɑz ˈnidɪd ɔn ðə ˈskɛʤʊl pərˈzɛnəd, ˈædɪŋ: məst rɛst ɔn ən ˌənæmˈbɪgjəwəs nid fər ðə paʊər ənd æˈnælɪˌsiz ʃoʊɪŋ ɪts ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl kɔsts biɪŋ səˈfɪʃəntli əˈtræktɪv ɛz tɪ meɪk ˈtɑlərəbəl ðə ˈbɛrɪŋ əv səbˈstænʃəl ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl, ˈsoʊʃəl ənd ˈəðər costs.”*.” ðə ˈpænəl ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt bi rivˈjud baɪ ðə b.c*. juˈtɪlətiz kəˈmɪʃən ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə b.c*. ənd ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənts əˈpruvd ðə dæm wɪˈθaʊt ˈfərðər ˌrivˈju ɪn leɪt 2014 wɑz ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən wɪθ fərst ˈneɪʃənz ˈædəkˌweɪt? wɛst ˈmoʊbərli fərst ˈneɪʃən ənd ˈprɑfət ˈrɪvər fərst ˈneɪʃən wɪl əˈpɪr ɪn ə ˈfɛdərəl kɔrt ɪn ˌməntriˈɔl ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər tɪ faɪt ðɛr keɪs. daʊn ənd kənˈsəltɪŋ wɪθ ðə prəˈvɪnʃəl ənd ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz ə weɪst əv time,”*,” sɛd ʧif ˈroʊlənd ˈwɪlsən əv wɛst ˈmoʊbərli fərst ˈneɪʃən. ˈoʊnli ˈɔpʃən wi hæv ɪz tɪ ˈʧælənʤ ðɛm ɪn court.”*.” ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈfɪʃəriz ənd ˈoʊʃənz rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ rɪkˈwɛst fər ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə ˈɪʃuɪŋ əv saɪt si ˈpərˌmɪts wɪθ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈsteɪtmənt: ðə pæst ˈsɛvən mənθs, həz kənˈsəltɪd pəˈtɛnʃəli əˈfɛktɪd ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs grups ɔn ðə ˌrivˈju əv ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən fər ˌɔθərəˈzeɪʃən fər ðə meɪn ˈsɪvəl kənˈstrəkʃən wərks. ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, ˈkɑnˌtæktɪd ðə ˈprɑfət ˈrɪvər ənd wɛst ˈmoʊbərli fərst ˈneɪʃənz, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ tɛn ˈəðər pəˈtɛnʃəli əˈfɛktɪd ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs grups. əˈfɪʃəlz hæv meɪd sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈɛfərts tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˌɑpərˈtunətiz fər ˈɪnˌpʊt, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 18 ˈfeɪstuˈfeɪs ˈmitɪŋ bɪtˈwin ˈmɪnɪstər ləˈblæŋk ənd wɛst ˈmoʊbərli fərst ˈneɪʃənz ʧif ˈroʊlənd ˈwɪlsən ənd ˈprɑfət ˈrɪvər fərst ˈneɪʃən ʧif ˌlaɪˈnɛt tsakoza*. wɪl kənˈtɪnju tɪ ɪnˈgeɪʤ wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs grups ðət hæv reɪzd kənˈsərnz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ðɛr kənˈsərnz kənˈtɪnju tɪ bi hərd ənd ˈteɪkən ˈɪntu account.”*.” ˈwɪlsən toʊld ˈkænədə ðə ˌʤuˈlaɪ ˈmitɪŋ mɑrkt ðə fərst taɪm ɪn sɪks jɪrz ðət hɪz ˈneɪʃən həz mɛt wɪθ ən əˈfɪʃəl ˈfɛdərəl dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkər ɔn ðə saɪt si faɪl. mɛt ɪn vænˈkuvər fər əˈbaʊt ən aʊər. ðeɪ sæt ðɛr ənd tʊk ðɛr noʊts ənd ʃʊk ðɛr hɛdz ɪn ˌdɪsbɪˈlif ənd ðɛn hɑpt ɔn ə pleɪn bæk tɪ ottawa,”*,” ˈwɪlsən sɛd. hoʊl ˈprɔˌsɛs wɑz tɪ ʧɛk ðə bɑks. ðeɪ rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ˈɛni wən əv ɑr kənˈsərnz. ɪf wi goʊ, ðeɪ gɪt tɪ ʧɛk ðə bɑks ˌbiˈsaɪd ðə ˈəðər bɑks seɪɪŋ ðət wi ˈrɛfˌjuz tɪ kənˈsəlt wɪθ ðɛm. noʊ bɑks ˈɛniˌwɛr ðət sɪz wɑz meaningful.’*.’ ðə ˈoʊnli bɑks ɪz dɪd wi ʃoʊ əp ər we.”*.” ˈwɪlsən sɛd ðə ˈlɪˌbərəlz hæv fərˈgɑtən ðɛr ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈprɑməsəz. ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz noʊ ˈdɪfərənt ðən ðə ˈpriviəs ˈhɑrpər ˈgəvərnmənt. ʤɪst sˈniki. æt list wɪθ ˈhɑrpər ðeɪ wər ˈəpˌfrənt əˈbaʊt it.”*.” dɪˈmɑkrəsi grup həz lɔnʧt ə foʊn ˈækʃən əˈkrɔs ˈkænədə tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ ˈsɪtɪzənz tɪ ðə foʊn laɪnz ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ fləd ðə pis valley.”*.” ðeɪ ər ˈæskɪŋ kəˈneɪdiənz tɪ kɔl ðɛr ənd lɛt ðɛm noʊ ɪt ɪz ˌənækˈsɛptəbəl fər truˈdoʊ tɪ ˈɪʃu ˈpərˌmɪts waɪl ən ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ fərst ˈneɪʃənz ˈligəl ˈʧælənʤ əˈbaʊt ðə saɪt si dæm. ˈreɪvən trəst ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈreɪzɪŋ fəndz tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə fərst ˈneɪʃənz ˈligəl ˈʧælənʤ. ˈnɔrðərn ˈgeɪtˌweɪ ˈpaɪˌplaɪn ˈoʊvərˌtərnd du tɪ læk əv ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən ˈrisəntli, ðə ˈfɛdərəl kɔrt əv əˈpil ruld ðət ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt feɪld tɪ mit ˈivɪn ə ˈbeɪsɪk ˈstændərd əv fərst ˈneɪʃənz ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən ɔn əˈnəðər ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl b.c*. prəˈpoʊzəl ðə ˈnɔrðərn ˈgeɪtˌweɪ ˈpaɪˌplaɪn. wɪθ ðət ˈrulɪŋ, ðə əˈpruvəl əv ðə ˈpaɪˌplaɪn wɑz ˈoʊvərˌtərnd. ˌɪˈnædəkwəsiz mɔr ðən ʤɪst ə ˈhændˌfʊl ənd mɔr ðən mɪr ˌɪmpərˈfɛkʃənz lɛft ɪnˈtaɪər ˈsəbʤɪkts əv ˈsɛntrəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst tɪ ðə əˈfɛktɪd fərst ˈneɪʃənz, ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈsəbʤɪkts əˈfɛktɪŋ ðɛr səbˈsɪstəns ənd ˌwɛlˈbiɪŋ, ɪnˈtaɪərli ignored,”*,” ðə ˈʤəʤɪz roʊt ɪn ðɛr ˈrulɪŋ. ˌɪmˈpækts əv ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt səm aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɪn ðə rɪˈpɔrt əv ðə ʤɔɪnt ˌrivˈju ˈpænəl, səm nɑt wər lɛft ˌəndɪˈskloʊzd, ənd unconsidered.”*.” ðə kˈwɛʃən əv ˈwɛðər ðɛr həz bɪn ˈædəkˌweɪt ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən ˈəltəmətli rɛsts wɪθ ðə kɔrts bət ɪf ðə saɪt si dæm əˈpruvəl ɪz ˈoʊvərˌtərnd, ə hoʊl lɔt əv ˈpəblɪk ˈməni wɪl bi æt rɪsk. ˈməˌskræt fɔlz ˌbunˈdɑgəl identical’*’ tɪ saɪt si wi nid lʊk noʊ ˈfərðər ðən ðə ˈməˌskræt fɔlz dəˈbɑkəl ɪn ˈnufəndlənd tɪ lərn wət ˈhæpənz wɪn ˈprɑvənsəz ɪmˈbɑrk ɔn ˈprɑʤɛkts wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈpruvən nid fər ðə paʊər. ðə ˈməˌskræt fɔlz ˈhaɪˌdroʊ ˈprɑʤɛkt naʊ ˈəndər kənˈstrəkʃən ɔn ðə loʊər ˈʧərʧɪl həz ˈnɪrli ˈdəbəld ɪn kɔst sɪns fərst bɪˈgɪnɪŋ kənˈstrəkʃən (frəm ˈbɪljən tɪ ˈbɪljən). stæn ˈmɑrʃəl, ðə ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv, prəˈvɪnʃəl paʊər ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən, həz kɔld ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt ə ““boondoggle.”*.” wɑz ə ˈgæmbəl ənd gɔn əˈgɛnst us,”*,” hi toʊld rɪˈpɔrtərz læst mənθ. baɪ 2022 ðə dəˈmɛstɪk reɪt fər paʊər ɪn ðə ˈprɑvɪns ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ ˈnɪrli ˈdəbəl. fər ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈhoʊˌmoʊnər, ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ðɪs kʊd min ən ˈɛkstrə 150 pər mənθ ɪn paʊər kɔsts. ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ənd trænzˈmɪʃən ˈprɑʤɛkt wɑz məʧ tu lɑrʤ ðən wɑz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ mit ðə ˈɛnərʤi rɪkˈwaɪrmənts əv ðə province,”*,” hi sɛd. ərˈɪʤənəl ˈkæpɪtəl kɔst æˈnælɪsɪs, ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ənd ˈskɛʤʊl wɑz ˈvɛri əˈgrɛsɪv ənd ˈoʊvərli ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk ənd ʤɪst əˈkaʊnt fər ˈmɛni əv ðə rɪsks ðət wər noʊn, ər bɪn noʊn, æt ðə time.”*.” ˈməˌskræt fɔlz wɛnt əˈhɛd wɪˈθaʊt ˌrivˈju baɪ ˈpəblɪk juˈtɪlətiz bɔrd ənd ɪn dɪˈfaɪəns əv ðə ədˈvaɪs əv ðə ʤɔɪnt ˌrivˈju ˈpænəl. saʊnd fəˈmɪljər? ˈɔlˌmoʊst ən aɪˈdɛntɪkəl case,”*,” mɑrk, ˈfɔrmər ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv ˈhaɪˌdroʊ, toʊld ˈkænədə. klɪr ˈivɪn mɔr soʊ ɛz iʧ deɪ goʊz baɪ ðət ðɛr ˈrɪli ɪz noʊ ˈbɪznɪs keɪs fər saɪt si, əˈspɛʃəli wɪθ oʊn ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsəti dɪˈmænd ˈdiˌkrisɪŋ significantly.”*.” ˈrisənt ˈænjuəl rɪˈpɔrt ʃoʊz ðət dɪˈmænd prɑˈʤɛkʃənz wər ɔf baɪ ˈnɪrli hæf ə saɪt si dæm læst jɪr. kən ðə saɪt si dæm bi stɑpt? wɪθ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈpərˌmɪts ɪn pleɪs ənd b.c*. prɛˈmɪr ˈkrɪsti klɑrk vaʊɪŋ tɪ gɪt ðə dæm ðə pɔɪnt əv noʊ return”*” ˌbiˈfɔr ðə nɛkst ɪˈlɛkʃən, ðə bɪg kˈwɛʃən ɪz: kən saɪt si stɪl bi stɑpt? pɔɪnts tɪ ɪgˈzæmpəlz frəm ˈəðər ˈprɑvənsəz wɛr ˈprɑʤɛkts hæv bɪn ˈhɔltɪd mid-way*. fər ˈɪnstəns, ɪn ðə 1970s*, ˌmænɪˈtoʊbə ˈhaɪˌdroʊ bɪˈgæn tɪ bɪld ə dæm ɔn ðə ˈnɛlsən ˈrɪvər kɔld ðə ˈlaɪmˌstoʊn ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈsteɪʃən. ˈæftər jɪrz əv kənˈstrəkʃən, ɪt bɪˈkeɪm əˈpɛrənt ðət ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm paʊər ˈfɔrˌkæsts hæd ʧeɪnʤd ənd kənˈstrəkʃən wɑz səˈspɛndɪd. stɑpt, nɑt wɪθˈstændɪŋ kənˈstrəkʃən fər jɪrz ɔn ə ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˈsteɪʃən ðət wɑz ˈlɑrʤər ðən saɪt c,”*,” sɛd. ju poʊstˈpoʊn, kən ju səˈspɛnd, kən ju ˈkænsəl saɪt si? ˈbeɪsɪkli ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn ˈəðər ˌʤʊrɪsˈdɪkʃənz ʃoʊz ðət ju kən ɪf ðə ɛnd rɪˈzəlt ʃoʊz ðət ðə kɔst tɪ ðə ˈreɪtˌpeɪər wɪl bi mɔr ðən ɪf ju poʊstˈpoʊn ər suspend.”*.” ðə ˈlaɪmˌstoʊn ˈprɑʤɛkt rɪˈzumd ˈsɛvən jɪrz ˈleɪtər ɪn 1985 wəns ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈɛkspɔrt ˈkɑnˌtrækt wɑz nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪtɪd wɪθ ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə. wɑz ˈʧɛrmən əv ˌmænɪˈtoʊbə ˈhaɪˌdroʊ æt ðə taɪm. ju wɔnt tɪ ˈɛkspɔrt ðə paʊər, ju hæv tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ɪkˈspɔrtəd ɔn ə fərm paʊər dɪˈmænd basis,”*,” sɛd. fərm paʊər dil wʊd hæv tɪ bi meɪd ɪn ədˈvæns ɔn ˈɛni dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˈkɑnstrəkt ˈsəmθɪŋ ɪn ˈbrɪtɪʃ kəˈləmbiə. ɪt wʊd bi ˈfɑli tɪ θɪŋk otherwise.”*.” ˈsɛlɪŋ paʊər æt ðə reɪt (ˈɔfən faɪv tɪ sɪks taɪmz loʊər ðən ðə fərm reɪt) minz ju ˈkəvər ðə tru kɔst əv ˈsərvɪs. goʊɪŋ tɪ luz jʊr ʃərt ɔn it,”*,” sɪz. goʊɪŋ tɪ sɛl paʊər æt ə praɪs ðət ɪz lɛs ðən ɪt kɔst tɪ kriˈeɪt it.”*.”
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two crown prosecution service staff members face charges of conspiracy to commit fraud over false taxi claims totalling at least £1m, the cps said.
lisa joanne burrows and the other member of staff, who has not been named, work for cps west midlands.
the allegations concern false claims for witness care taxi services when no such services had been supplied, the cps said in a statement.
a spokesman said ms burrows, 41, had been charged by west midlands police.
she will appear at birmingham magistrates' court on thursday.
the other staff member has not yet been charged.
'false claims'
west midlands cps covers the counties of warwickshire, shropshire, staffordshire, and worcestershire, and the metropolitan area of the west midlands including the cities of birmingham, and coventry.
malcolm mchaffie, deputy head of special crime for the cps, said: "following a complaint by the crown prosecution service and a subsequent investigation by west midlands police into two members of cps staff, i have carefully considered available evidence in relation to lisa joanne burrows, a finance manager, and another member of staff, an administrative officer.
"i have now concluded that it is appropriate to charge both [ms] burrows and the other individual with conspiracy to commit fraud.
"the charges relate to an allegation that [ms] burrows and the other member of staff, on or before 27 february, conspired together to commit fraud by false representation by submitting to the crown prosecution service false claims for witness care taxi services to the value of at least when no such services had been supplied."
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tu kraʊn ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən ˈsərvɪs stæf ˈmɛmbərz feɪs ˈʧɑrʤɪz əv kənˈspɪrəsi tɪ kəˈmɪt frɔd ˈoʊvər fɔls ˈtæksi kleɪmz ˈtoʊtəlɪŋ æt list £1m*, ðə ˈsiˌpiˈɛs sɛd. ˈlisə ʤoʊæn bəroʊz ənd ðə ˈəðər ˈmɛmbər əv stæf, hu həz nɑt bɪn neɪmd, wərk fər ˈsiˌpiˈɛs wɛst ˈmɪˌdlændz. ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz kənˈsərn fɔls kleɪmz fər ˈwɪtnəs kɛr ˈtæksi ˈsərvɪsɪz wɪn noʊ səʧ ˈsərvɪsɪz hæd bɪn səˈplaɪd, ðə ˈsiˌpiˈɛs sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt. ə ˈspoʊksmən sɛd mɪz bəroʊz, 41 hæd bɪn ʧɑrʤd baɪ wɛst ˈmɪˌdlændz pəˈlis. ʃi wɪl əˈpɪr æt ˈbərmɪŋˌhæm ˈmæʤɪˌstreɪts' kɔrt ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ. ðə ˈəðər stæf ˈmɛmbər həz nɑt jɛt bɪn ʧɑrʤd. 'fɔls kleɪmz' wɛst ˈmɪˌdlændz ˈsiˌpiˈɛs ˈkəvərz ðə ˈkaʊntiz əv warwickshire*, ʃˈrɑpˌʃaɪr, ˈstæfərdˌʃaɪər, ənd ˈwʊstəʃər, ənd ðə ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən ˈɛriə əv ðə wɛst ˈmɪˌdlændz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈsɪtiz əv ˈbərmɪŋˌhæm, ənd ˈkəvəntri. ˈmælkəm məˈkæfi, ˈdɛpjəti hɛd əv ˈspɛʃəl kraɪm fər ðə ˈsiˌpiˈɛs, sɛd: "ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə kəmˈpleɪnt baɪ ðə kraʊn ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən ˈsərvɪs ənd ə ˈsəbsəkwənt ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən baɪ wɛst ˈmɪˌdlændz pəˈlis ˈɪntu tu ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈsiˌpiˈɛs stæf, aɪ hæv ˈkɛrfəli kənˈsɪdərd əˈveɪləbəl ˈɛvədəns ɪn riˈleɪʃən tɪ ˈlisə ʤoʊæn bəroʊz, ə ˈfaɪˌnæns ˈmænɪʤər, ənd əˈnəðər ˈmɛmbər əv stæf, ən ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv ˈɔfɪsər. "aɪ hæv naʊ kənˈkludɪd ðət ɪt ɪz əˈproʊpriˌeɪt tɪ ʧɑrʤ boʊθ [mɪz] bəroʊz ənd ðə ˈəðər ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl wɪθ kənˈspɪrəsi tɪ kəˈmɪt frɔd. "ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz rɪˈleɪt tɪ ən ˌæləˈgeɪʃən ðət [mɪz] bəroʊz ənd ðə ˈəðər ˈmɛmbər əv stæf, ɔn ər ˌbiˈfɔr 27 ˈfɛbruˌɛri, kənˈspaɪərd təˈgɛðər tɪ kəˈmɪt frɔd baɪ fɔls ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən baɪ səbˈmɪtɪŋ tɪ ðə kraʊn ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃən ˈsərvɪs fɔls kleɪmz fər ˈwɪtnəs kɛr ˈtæksi ˈsərvɪsɪz tɪ ðə ˈvælju əv æt list wɪn noʊ səʧ ˈsərvɪsɪz hæd bɪn səˈplaɪd."
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americans support israel, but do democrats?
a recent gallup survey demonstrates that americans favor israel over “palestinians” by terrific margins. seven out of ten americans have a “mostly favorable” or “very favorable” view of the state of israel. in contrast, less than two in ten have a “mostly favorable” or “very favorable” view of the palestinian authority.however, when one breaks the findings down by political party a very different image emerges. a full 83 percent of republicans sympathize more with israelis than “palestinians” in the conflict.however, only a minority of democrats sympathize more with israelis a mere 48 percent which when i went to school suggests that a majority of democrats more with israel than with the “palestinians.” my suspicion is that this is probably the first time within polling americans on the conflict that a majority of democrats favor the arabs over the jews.
the consensus among american jews if not jews, more generally is that support within the united states for israel must remain bi-partisan. it seems, however, that this is in considerable jeopardy.
the democratic party comes out of the tradition of social justice and civil rights as it expressed itself in the last half of the twentieth century. democrats stood with martin luther king, jr., not republicans. democrats fought for feminism and a right to choose an abortion, not republicans. it was democrats who both started the vietnam war and did most to end it on the grassroots level, not republicans.
the natural sympathies of american jewry has been with the liberals and the democrats since fdr, because it was the liberals and the democrats who were fighting for the little guy, the down-and-out, the outsider. and if there is one thing that jewish people know a little something about it is, as we recently saw on pbs’ abbey, what it is like to be an outsider.
however, after the 1967 6 day war, israel gradually went from being “david” to being “goliath” in the popular imagination of the and the activist of the democratic party. this development was very much encouraged by the arabs who realized that since they could not defeat israel militarily then they could, perhaps, defeat it on the field of propaganda which is the western mind.
for thirteen centuries jews lived under the of supremacy.
our numbers were kept low and any security that we had depended on knowing our place as within the system of islamic imperial jurisprudence known as al-sharia. we were not allowed to ride horses, only mules. we were not allowed to repair or build new synagogues. in some places we were not even allowed to go out in the rain lest jewish filth wash onto, and thereby contaminate, the clean muslim streets.
and now the west is telling us that jews are being mean to arabs.
the arab states, plus the arab residents of and samaria, launched a war against the jews directly after the holocaust that is ongoing ever since. world war never actually ended for the jews of the middle east, it merely morphed into the long arab war.
the people who call themselves “palestinian” are the forward cadre of the much larger forces arrayed against those jews. their job is to attack and attack and attack in any manner that they possibly can including encouraging their children to engage in the traditional arab sport of stoning jews until israel responds and then, as soon as it does, the western propaganda machine rolls into action.
for years the gazans were shooting rockets into southern israel making life impossible there. the economy was in shambles and children were developing post traumatic stress disorder because they were continually having to race into bomb shelters. however, as soon as israel responded by destroying those terror tunnels and targeting hamas fighters, the and the of the democratic party rose up as one to denounce jewish israelis for genocide, ethnic-cleansing, targeting children for death, and any other vile accusation that they could throw onto the wall in order to see what might stick.
needless to say, western journalists did more than their part in the defamation game as friedman has so nicely illustrated. it is as if they honestly think that arabs have every right to try to kill jews and if jews fight back, this represents a form of aggression.
meanwhile, of course, the academics such as the vile professor abdulhadi, of race and resistance studies fame, who advised the general union of palestine students (gups) during a period when they were holding up signs calling for the murder of “colonizers” were telling their students that israel is a racist, imperialist, colonialist, apartheid, militaristic, racist state… despite the fact that it has the best human rights record of any country in the entire region.
in any case, an ongoing campaign of defamation against the jews painted them as modern monsters or the new nazis and has succeeded in turning progressives and democrats against one of the most persecuted people in human history… on moral grounds. the jews of israel may believe that they are acting in self-defense, but progressive democrats know that they really act out of racism and white privilege, or jewish supremacism, or the shear lust for violence.
and this, ultimately, is why the democrats have turned against the jews.
they honestly think that the jews of the middle east richly deserve whatever beating they get.
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əˈmɛrɪkənz səˈpɔrt ˈɪzriəl, bət du ˈdɛməˌkræts? ə ˈrisənt ˈgæləp ˈsərˌveɪ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪts ðət əˈmɛrɪkənz ˈfeɪvər ˈɪzriəl ˈoʊvər ““palestinians”*” baɪ tərˈɪfɪk ˈmɑrʤənz. ˈsɛvən aʊt əv tɛn əˈmɛrɪkənz hæv ə favorable”*” ər favorable”*” vju əv ðə steɪt əv ˈɪzriəl. ɪn ˈkɑntræst, lɛs ðən tu ɪn tɛn hæv ə favorable”*” ər favorable”*” vju əv ðə ˌpælɪˈstɪniən authority.however*, wɪn wən breɪks ðə ˈfaɪndɪŋz daʊn baɪ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrti ə ˈvɛri ˈdɪfərənt ˈɪmɪʤ ˈimərʤɪz. ə fʊl 83 pərˈsɛnt əv rɪˈpəblɪkənz ˈsɪmpəˌθaɪz mɔr wɪθ ˌɪzˈreɪliz ðən ““palestinians”*” ɪn ðə conflict.however*, ˈoʊnli ə məˈnɔrəti əv ˈdɛməˌkræts ˈsɪmpəˌθaɪz mɔr wɪθ ˌɪzˈreɪliz ə mɪr 48 pərˈsɛnt wɪʧ wɪn aɪ wɛnt tɪ skul səˈʤɛsts ðət ə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈdɛməˌkræts mɔr wɪθ ˈɪzriəl ðən wɪθ ðə ““palestinians.”*.” maɪ səˈspɪʃən ɪz ðət ðɪs ɪz ˈprɑbəˌbli ðə fərst taɪm wɪˈθɪn ˈpoʊlɪŋ əˈmɛrɪkənz ɔn ðə ˈkɑnflɪkt ðət ə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈdɛməˌkræts ˈfeɪvər ðə ˈærəbz ˈoʊvər ðə ʤuz. ðə kənˈsɛnsəs əˈməŋ əˈmɛrɪkən ʤuz ɪf nɑt ʤuz, mɔr ˈʤɛnərəli ɪz ðət səˈpɔrt wɪˈθɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts fər ˈɪzriəl məst rɪˈmeɪn bi-partisan*. ɪt simz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət ðɪs ɪz ɪn kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈʤɛpərdi. ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti kəmz aʊt əv ðə trəˈdɪʃən əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈʤəstɪs ənd ˈsɪvəl raɪts ɛz ɪt ɪkˈsprɛst ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪn ðə læst hæf əv ðə tˈwɛnˌtiɛθ ˈsɛnʧəri. ˈdɛməˌkræts stʊd wɪθ ˈmɑrtɪn ˈluθər kɪŋ, jr*., nɑt rɪˈpəblɪkənz. ˈdɛməˌkræts fɔt fər ˈfɛmɪˌnɪzəm ənd ə raɪt tɪ ʧuz ən əˈbɔrʃən, nɑt rɪˈpəblɪkənz. ɪt wɑz ˈdɛməˌkræts hu boʊθ ˈstɑrtɪd ðə viˌɛtˈnɑm wɔr ənd dɪd moʊst tɪ ɛnd ɪt ɔn ðə ˈgræsˈruts ˈlɛvəl, nɑt rɪˈpəblɪkənz. ðə ˈnæʧərəl ˈsɪmpəθiz əv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈʤuri həz bɪn wɪθ ðə ˈlɪˌbərəlz ənd ðə ˈdɛməˌkræts sɪns fdr*, bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ðə ˈlɪˌbərəlz ənd ðə ˈdɛməˌkræts hu wər ˈfaɪtɪŋ fər ðə ˈlɪtəl gaɪ, ðə down-and-out*, ðə aʊtˈsaɪdər. ənd ɪf ðɛr ɪz wən θɪŋ ðət ʤuɪʃ ˈpipəl noʊ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt ɪz, ɛz wi ˈrisəntli sɔ ɔn pbs’*’ ˈæbi, wət ɪt ɪz laɪk tɪ bi ən aʊtˈsaɪdər. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈæftər ðə 1967 6 deɪ wɔr, ˈɪzriəl ˈgræʤuəli wɛnt frəm biɪŋ ““david”*” tɪ biɪŋ ““goliath”*” ɪn ðə ˈpɑpjələr ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən əv ðə ənd ðə ˈæktɪvɪst əv ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti. ðɪs dɪˈvɛləpmənt wɑz ˈvɛri məʧ ɪnˈkərəʤd baɪ ðə ˈærəbz hu ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət sɪns ðeɪ kʊd nɑt dɪˈfit ˈɪzriəl ˌmɪləˈtɛrəli ðɛn ðeɪ kʊd, pərˈhæps, dɪˈfit ɪt ɔn ðə fild əv ˌprɑpəˈgændə wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈwɛstərn maɪnd. fər ˈθərˈtin ˈsɛnʧəriz ʤuz lɪvd ˈəndər ðə əv səˈprɛməsi. ɑr ˈnəmbərz wər kɛpt loʊ ənd ˈɛni sɪˈkjʊrəti ðət wi hæd dɪˈpɛndɪd ɔn noʊɪŋ ɑr pleɪs ɛz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈsɪstəm əv ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˌɪmˈpɪriəl ˌʤʊrəˈsprudəns noʊn ɛz al-sharia*. wi wər nɑt əˈlaʊd tɪ raɪd ˈhɔrsɪz, ˈoʊnli mjulz. wi wər nɑt əˈlaʊd tɪ rɪˈpɛr ər bɪld nu ˈsɪnəˌgɔgz. ɪn səm ˈpleɪsɪz wi wər nɑt ˈivɪn əˈlaʊd tɪ goʊ aʊt ɪn ðə reɪn lɛst ʤuɪʃ fɪlθ wɑʃ ˈɔntu, ənd ˈðɛrˈbaɪ kənˈtæməˌneɪt, ðə klin ˈməzlɪm strits. ənd naʊ ðə wɛst ɪz ˈtɛlɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs ðət ʤuz ər biɪŋ min tɪ ˈærəbz. ðə ˈærəb steɪts, pləs ðə ˈærəb ˈrɛzɪdənts əv ənd ˌseɪmərˈiə, lɔnʧt ə wɔr əˈgɛnst ðə ʤuz dɪˈrɛkli ˈæftər ðə ˈhɔləˌkɔst ðət ɪz ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈɛvər sɪns. wərld wɔr ˈnɛvər ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈɛndɪd fər ðə ʤuz əv ðə ˈmɪdəl ist, ɪt ˈmɪrli mɔrft ˈɪntu ðə lɔŋ ˈærəb wɔr. ðə ˈpipəl hu kɔl ðɛmˈsɛlvz ““palestinian”*” ər ðə ˈfɔrwərd ˈkædri əv ðə məʧ ˈlɑrʤər ˈfɔrsɪz əreɪd əˈgɛnst ðoʊz ʤuz. ðɛr ʤɑb ɪz tɪ əˈtæk ənd əˈtæk ənd əˈtæk ɪn ˈɛni ˈmænər ðət ðeɪ ˈpɑsəbli kən ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ɪnˈkərəʤɪŋ ðɛr ˈʧɪldrən tɪ ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈærəb spɔrt əv ˈstoʊnɪŋ ʤuz ənˈtɪl ˈɪzriəl rɪˈspɑndz ənd ðɛn, ɛz sun ɛz ɪt dɪz, ðə ˈwɛstərn ˌprɑpəˈgændə məˈʃin roʊlz ˈɪntu ˈækʃən. fər jɪrz ðə ˈgɑzənz wər ˈʃutɪŋ ˈrɑkəts ˈɪntu ˈsəðərn ˈɪzriəl ˈmeɪkɪŋ laɪf ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl ðɛr. ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi wɑz ɪn ˈʃæmbəlz ənd ˈʧɪldrən wər dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ poʊst trɔˈmætɪk strɛs dɪˈsɔrdər bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wər kənˈtɪnjuəli ˈhævɪŋ tɪ reɪs ˈɪntu bɔm ˈʃɛltərz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɛz sun ɛz ˈɪzriəl rɪˈspɑndɪd baɪ dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ ðoʊz ˈtɛrər ˈtənəlz ənd ˈtɑrgətɪŋ ˌhɑˈmɑs ˈfaɪtərz, ðə ənd ðə əv ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti roʊz əp ɛz wən tɪ dɪˈnaʊns ʤuɪʃ ˌɪzˈreɪliz fər ˈʤɛnəˌsaɪd, ethnic-cleansing*, ˈtɑrgətɪŋ ˈʧɪldrən fər dɛθ, ənd ˈɛni ˈəðər vaɪl ˌækjəˈzeɪʃən ðət ðeɪ kʊd θroʊ ˈɔntu ðə wɔl ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ si wət maɪt stɪk. ˈnidləs tɪ seɪ, ˈwɛstərn ˈʤərnəlɪsts dɪd mɔr ðən ðɛr pɑrt ɪn ðə ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən geɪm ɛz ˈfridmən həz soʊ ˈnaɪsli ˈɪləˌstreɪtɪd. ɪt ɪz ɛz ɪf ðeɪ ˈɑnəstli θɪŋk ðət ˈærəbz hæv ˈɛvəri raɪt tɪ traɪ tɪ kɪl ʤuz ənd ɪf ʤuz faɪt bæk, ðɪs ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ə fɔrm əv əˈgrɛʃən. ˈminˌwaɪl, əv kɔrs, ðə ˌækəˈdɛmɪks səʧ ɛz ðə vaɪl prəˈfɛsər abdulhadi*, əv reɪs ənd rɪˈzɪstəns ˈstədiz feɪm, hu ədˈvaɪzd ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈjunjən əv ˈpæləˌstaɪn ˈstudənts (gups*) ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈpɪriəd wɪn ðeɪ wər ˈhoʊldɪŋ əp saɪnz ˈkɔlɪŋ fər ðə ˈmərdər əv ““colonizers”*” wər ˈtɛlɪŋ ðɛr ˈstudənts ðət ˈɪzriəl ɪz ə ˈreɪsɪst, ˌɪmˈpɪriəlɪst, kəˈloʊniəlɪst, əˈpɑrˌtaɪt, ˌmɪlɪtərˈɪstɪk, ˈreɪsɪst state…*… dɪˈspaɪt ðə fækt ðət ɪt həz ðə bɛst ˈjumən raɪts ˈrɛkərd əv ˈɛni ˈkəntri ɪn ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈriʤən. ɪn ˈɛni keɪs, ən ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ kæmˈpeɪn əv ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən əˈgɛnst ðə ʤuz ˈpeɪnɪd ðɛm ɛz ˈmɑdərn ˈmɑnstərz ər ðə nu ˈnɑtsiz ənd həz səkˈsidɪd ɪn ˈtərnɪŋ prɑˈgrɛsɪvz ənd ˈdɛməˌkræts əˈgɛnst wən əv ðə moʊst ˈpərsəˌkjutəd ˈpipəl ɪn ˈjumən history…*… ɔn ˈmɔrəl graʊnz. ðə ʤuz əv ˈɪzriəl meɪ bɪˈliv ðət ðeɪ ər ˈæktɪŋ ɪn ˌsɛlfdɪˈfɛns, bət prəˈgrɛsɪv ˈdɛməˌkræts noʊ ðət ðeɪ ˈrɪli ækt aʊt əv ˈreɪˌsɪzəm ənd waɪt ˈprɪvɪlɪʤ, ər ʤuɪʃ supremacism*, ər ðə ʃɪr ləst fər ˈvaɪələns. ənd ðɪs, ˈəltəmətli, ɪz waɪ ðə ˈdɛməˌkræts hæv tərnd əˈgɛnst ðə ʤuz. ðeɪ ˈɑnəstli θɪŋk ðət ðə ʤuz əv ðə ˈmɪdəl ist ˈrɪʧli dɪˈzərv ˌwəˈtɛvər ˈbitɪŋ ðeɪ gɪt.
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the mercedes driver came out on top after a battle with, which included a flashpoint when they made slight contact at turn 1 after emerged from the pits on the inside of hamilton.
hamilton made use of an alternative strategy to aided by making a just before a virtual safety car period came to an end to get back on terms with the ferrari, which had surged into the lead at the start.
“seb was so fast ahead, it was such a push to try to keep close to him and not let him pull away,” said hamilton after the race.
“it was just the rawest fight i can remember having for some time, which i loved. this is what the sport needs to be every single race and this is why i race, what got me into racing.
“to have those close battles with him, a champion, is awesome.
“in the end we came out so close together which was very, very close into turn 1, i gave you [vettel] space otherwise we would have touched. it was close, it was cool.
“in the heat of the moment difficult to know from the outside, i felt like i ran out of road but was alongside.
“but it was how racing should be i love it, i change it for the world.”
the final stint of the race hinged on whether hamilton could make his soft tyres last long enough to prevent on the harder medium compound from fighting back late in the race.
“the team did a great job with the strategy,” said hamilton, who repeatedly questioned the decisions from the pit wall when he was left out for a later first stop than, while being reassured that things would come back to him later on if he could keep his pace up.
“this is one of the hardest races, to keep up with him, he drove fantastically well so such a privilege to race against him.
“the last stint, 25 laps, when they told me they [the tyres] had to do that i think… i thought at the end of the stint he would come back but we managed it.
“these guys [ferrari] have done a phenomenal job, the pace they have, it is close between us.”
additional reporting by jonathan noble
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ðə mərˈseɪdiz ˈdraɪvər keɪm aʊt ɔn tɔp ˈæftər ə ˈbætəl wɪθ, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˈflæʃˌpɔɪnt wɪn ðeɪ meɪd slaɪt ˈkɑnˌtækt æt tərn 1 ˈæftər ˈimərʤd frəm ðə pɪts ɔn ðə ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv ˈhæməltən. ˈhæməltən meɪd juz əv ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˈstrætəʤi tɪ ˈeɪdɪd baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ə ˈvərʧuəl ˈseɪfti kɑr ˈpɪriəd keɪm tɪ ən ɛnd tɪ gɪt bæk ɔn tərmz wɪθ ðə fərˈɑri, wɪʧ hæd sərʤd ˈɪntu ðə lɛd æt ðə stɑrt. wɑz soʊ fæst əˈhɛd, ɪt wɑz səʧ ə pʊʃ tɪ traɪ tɪ kip kloʊz tɪ ɪm ənd nɑt lɛt ɪm pʊl away,”*,” sɛd ˈhæməltən ˈæftər ðə reɪs. wɑz ʤɪst ðə rɑəst faɪt aɪ kən rɪˈmɛmbər ˈhævɪŋ fər səm taɪm, wɪʧ aɪ ləvd. ðɪs ɪz wət ðə spɔrt nidz tɪ bi ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl reɪs ənd ðɪs ɪz waɪ aɪ reɪs, wət gɑt mi ˈɪntu ˈreɪsɪŋ. hæv ðoʊz kloʊz ˈbætəlz wɪθ ɪm, ə ˈʧæmpiən, ɪz ˈɔsəm. ðə ɛnd wi keɪm aʊt soʊ kloʊz təˈgɛðər wɪʧ wɑz ˈvɛri, ˈvɛri kloʊz ˈɪntu tərn 1 aɪ geɪv ju [vettel*] speɪs ˈəðərˌwaɪz wi wʊd hæv təʧt. ɪt wɑz kloʊz, ɪt wɑz kul. ðə hit əv ðə ˈmoʊmənt ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ noʊ frəm ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd, aɪ fɛlt laɪk aɪ ræn aʊt əv roʊd bət wɑz əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd. ɪt wɑz haʊ ˈreɪsɪŋ ʃʊd bi aɪ ləv ɪt, aɪ ʧeɪnʤ ɪt fər ðə world.”*.” ðə ˈfaɪnəl stɪnt əv ðə reɪs hɪnʤd ɔn ˈwɛðər ˈhæməltən kʊd meɪk hɪz sɔft taɪərz læst lɔŋ ɪˈnəf tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ɔn ðə ˈhɑrdər ˈmidiəm ˈkɑmpaʊnd frəm ˈfaɪtɪŋ bæk leɪt ɪn ðə reɪs. tim dɪd ə greɪt ʤɑb wɪθ ðə strategy,”*,” sɛd ˈhæməltən, hu rɪˈpitɪdli kˈwɛsʧənd ðə dɪˈsɪʒənz frəm ðə pɪt wɔl wɪn hi wɑz lɛft aʊt fər ə ˈleɪtər fərst stɑp ðən, waɪl biɪŋ ˌriəˈʃʊrd ðət θɪŋz wʊd kəm bæk tɪ ɪm ˈleɪtər ɔn ɪf hi kʊd kip hɪz peɪs əp. ɪz wən əv ðə ˈhɑrdəst ˈreɪsɪz, tɪ kip əp wɪθ ɪm, hi droʊv fænˈtæstɪkli wɛl soʊ səʧ ə ˈprɪvɪlɪʤ tɪ reɪs əˈgɛnst ɪm. læst stɪnt, 25 læps, wɪn ðeɪ toʊld mi ðeɪ [ðə taɪərz] hæd tɪ du ðət aɪ think…*… aɪ θɔt æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə stɪnt hi wʊd kəm bæk bət wi ˈmænɪʤd ɪt. gaɪz [fərˈɑri] hæv dən ə fəˈnɑmənəl ʤɑb, ðə peɪs ðeɪ hæv, ɪt ɪz kloʊz bɪtˈwin us.”*.” əˈdɪʃənəl rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ baɪ ˈʤɑnəθən ˈnoʊbəl
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watch what happens when egyptians start playing music on an egyptair flight
المزيكاتيا el planeدايماااحد.. whenever you take a plane you find all passengers very formal, no one talk or even smile, we decided to break this mood with a music and everyone was singing with usتصوير: video by saad photographyتسجيل: ضيف#اكتشف_مصر#discover_egyptلفيديوهات for more el posted by el on sunday, december 27, 2015
tradition has it that the mere of mention of planes in the news most likely comes wrapped in devastation and tragedy. otherwise, boarding a plane either translates to anxiety if one is phobic of flying or a boring trip where travelers remain confined to their seats, hoping they end up next to a chatty passenger, or one with a whiny kid.
however, on saturday night, after plenty of flight delays, a group of young egyptian travelers decided to add a sprinkle of fun to a crowded domestic egyptair flight heading from sharm to cairo. while all the passengers were seated and ready to fly, khaled, events manager, pulled out his ney and started playing popular egyptian folk songs. it long before photojournalist ahmed hayman joined in on his daf. soon afterwards, a fully booked airbus was singing along.
together in 2012, and hayman initiated el-mazzikateya, a duo of street musicians who started playing across egypt “in a time when the streets became too bleak and gloomy,” as describes it.
“music should be free for people on the street, without having to buy a ticket or reserve a seat somewhere,” says. “hayman and i started playing on the street, hoping to entertain passersby and alleviate the tension and worry they wear on their faces. oftentimes, playing music on the streets invites conversation with strangers, or at other times, people just join in and sing with us.”
despite both musicians being cairo-based, they have taken their little delightful initiative to many cities across egypt, including st. catherine and in sinai, ras el-barr, the western desert oases, port-said, and many others.
“as we tour egypt, we are always keen to feature many traditional instruments that are in jeopardy of extinction,” added, accentuating the importance of preserving the diverse culture and arts.
if you enjoyed airplane music, be sure to check the rest of their music here.
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wɔʧ wət ˈhæpənz wɪn ɪˈʤɪpʃənz stɑrt pleɪɪŋ mˈjuzɪk ɔn ən ˈiʤɪpˌtɛr flaɪt ɛl pleɪn flashmobدايما*دايما wɛˈnɛvər ju teɪk ə pleɪn ju faɪnd ɔl ˈpæsənʤərz ˈvɛri ˈfɔrməl, noʊ wən tɔk ər ˈivɪn smaɪl, wi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ breɪk ðɪs mud wɪθ ə mˈjuzɪk ənd ˈɛvriˌwən wɑz ˈsɪŋɪŋ wɪθ usتصوير*تصوير: ˈvɪdioʊ baɪ sɑd photographyتسجيل*تسجيل ضيف#اكتشف_مصر#ضيف#اكتشف_مصر#discover_egyptلفيديوهات*لفيديوهات fər mɔr ɛl ˈpoʊstɪd baɪ ɔn ˈsənˌdi, dɪˈsɛmbər 27 2015 trəˈdɪʃən həz ɪt ðət ðə mɪr əv ˈmɛnʃən əv pleɪnz ɪn ðə nuz moʊst ˈlaɪkli kəmz ræpt ɪn ˌdɛvəˈsteɪʃən ənd ˈtræʤədi. ˈəðərˌwaɪz, ˈbɔrdɪŋ ə pleɪn ˈiðər ˈtrænsˌleɪts tɪ æŋˈzaɪəti ɪf wən ɪz ˈfoʊbɪk əv flaɪɪŋ ər ə ˈbɔrɪŋ trɪp wɛr ˈtrævələrz rɪˈmeɪn kənˈfaɪnd tɪ ðɛr sits, ˈhoʊpɪŋ ðeɪ ɛnd əp nɛkst tɪ ə ˈʧæti ˈpæsənʤər, ər wən wɪθ ə ˈwaɪni kɪd. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ naɪt, ˈæftər ˈplɛnti əv flaɪt dɪˈleɪz, ə grup əv jəŋ ɪˈʤɪpʃən ˈtrævələrz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ æd ə ˈsprɪŋkəl əv fən tɪ ə ˈkraʊdɪd dəˈmɛstɪk ˈiʤɪpˌtɛr flaɪt ˈhɛdɪŋ frəm ʃɑrm tɪ ˈkaɪroʊ. waɪl ɔl ðə ˈpæsənʤərz wər ˈsitɪd ənd ˈrɛdi tɪ flaɪ, ˈkələd, ɪˈvɛnts ˈmænɪʤər, pʊld aʊt hɪz neɪ ənd ˈstɑrtɪd pleɪɪŋ ˈpɑpjələr ɪˈʤɪpʃən foʊk sɔŋz. ɪt lɔŋ ˌbiˈfɔr ˌfoʊtoʊˈʤərnələst ˈɑmɛd ˈheɪmən ʤɔɪnd ɪn ɔn hɪz daf*. sun ˈæftərwərdz, ə ˈfʊli bʊkt ˈɛrbəs wɑz ˈsɪŋɪŋ əˈlɔŋ. təˈgɛðər ɪn 2012 ənd ˈheɪmən ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪtɪd el-mazzikateya*, ə ˈduoʊ əv strit mjuˈzɪʃənz hu ˈstɑrtɪd pleɪɪŋ əˈkrɔs ˈiʤɪpt ə taɪm wɪn ðə strits bɪˈkeɪm tu blik ənd gloomy,”*,” ɛz dɪˈskraɪbz ɪt. ʃʊd bi fri fər ˈpipəl ɔn ðə strit, wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ tɪ baɪ ə ˈtɪkɪt ər rɪˈzərv ə sit somewhere,”*,” sɪz. ənd aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd pleɪɪŋ ɔn ðə strit, ˈhoʊpɪŋ tɪ ˌɛnərˈteɪn ˈpæsərzbi ənd əˈliviˌeɪt ðə ˈtɛnʃən ənd ˈwəri ðeɪ wɛr ɔn ðɛr ˈfeɪsɪz. ˈɔfənˌtaɪmz, pleɪɪŋ mˈjuzɪk ɔn ðə strits ˌɪnˈvaɪts ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ ˈstreɪnʤərz, ər æt ˈəðər taɪmz, ˈpipəl ʤɪst ʤɔɪn ɪn ənd sɪŋ wɪθ us.”*.” dɪˈspaɪt boʊθ mjuˈzɪʃənz biɪŋ cairo-based*, ðeɪ hæv ˈteɪkən ðɛr ˈlɪtəl dɪˈlaɪtfəl ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪv tɪ ˈmɛni ˈsɪtiz əˈkrɔs ˈiʤɪpt, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ st*. ˈkæθərɪn ənd ɪn ˈsaɪˌnaɪ, ræs el-barr*, ðə ˈwɛstərn ˈdɛzərt oʊˈeɪsiz, port-said*, ənd ˈmɛni ˈəðərz. wi tʊr ˈiʤɪpt, wi ər ˈɔlˌweɪz kin tɪ ˈfiʧər ˈmɛni trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈɪnstrəmənts ðət ər ɪn ˈʤɛpərdi əv extinction,”*,” ˈædɪd, ækˈsɛnʧuˌeɪtɪŋ ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv prɪˈzərvɪŋ ðə dɪˈvərs ˈkəlʧər ənd ɑrts. ɪf ju ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ˈɛrˌpleɪn mˈjuzɪk, bi ʃʊr tɪ ʧɛk ðə rɛst əv ðɛr mˈjuzɪk hir. səbˈskraɪb tɪ ɑr ˈnuzˌlɛtər
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washington, april 2 (reuters) - defense secretary chuck hagel will take a voluntary pay cut as a show of solidarity with pentagon employees who will have to take unpaid time off over the coming months, a defense department spokesman said on tuesday.
hagel will give back the equivalent of 14 days' pay to the government, pentagon spokesman george little said. that would come to about $10,750, based on salary of $199,700.
"my understanding is that there is a legal way to actually write a check, if you will, back to the u.s. treasury," little told reporters.
most of the pentagon's civilian employees will have to take 14 days of unpaid leave as it implements more than $40 billion in spending cuts before the fiscal year ends on sept. 30 as part of a blunt effort known as "the sequester" that will affect a broad range of government operations.
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ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, ˈeɪprəl 2 (ˈrɔɪtərz) dɪˈfɛns ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ʧək ˈhægəl wɪl teɪk ə ˈvɑləntɛri peɪ kət ɛz ə ʃoʊ əv ˌsɑləˈdɛrəti wɪθ ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn ɪmˈplɔɪiz hu wɪl hæv tɪ teɪk ənˈpeɪd taɪm ɔf ˈoʊvər ðə ˈkəmɪŋ mənθs, ə dɪˈfɛns dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈspoʊksmən sɛd ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ. ˈhægəl wɪl gɪv bæk ðə ɪkˈwɪvələnt əv 14 deɪz' peɪ tɪ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt, ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn ˈspoʊksmən ʤɔrʤ ˈlɪtəl sɛd. ðət wʊd kəm tɪ əˈbaʊt beɪst ɔn ˈsæləri əv "maɪ ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ɪz ðət ðɛr ɪz ə ˈligəl weɪ tɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli raɪt ə ʧɛk, ɪf ju wɪl, bæk tɪ ðə juz. ˈtrɛʒəri," ˈlɪtəl toʊld rɪˈpɔrtərz. moʊst əv ðə ˈpɛnɪˌgɑnz səˈvɪljən ɪmˈplɔɪiz wɪl hæv tɪ teɪk 14 deɪz əv ənˈpeɪd liv ɛz ɪt ˈɪmpləmənts mɔr ðən 40 ˈbɪljən ɪn ˈspɛndɪŋ kəts ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈfɪskəl jɪr ɛndz ɔn sɛpt. 30 ɛz pɑrt əv ə blənt ˈɛfərt noʊn ɛz "ðə sɪkˈwɛstər" ðət wɪl əˈfɛkt ə brɔd reɪnʤ əv ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz.
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stephen harper tightened his own belt this week, voluntarily and quietly accepting a pension cut that will likely cost him more than a million dollars.
the prime minister need our sympathy. still have a very comfortable pension, but he deserves credit for showing leadership and finally scraping some of the gold off of’ gilded pension passed a bill on friday that will see all of them start to pay more for their own retirements, ending a system where they paid just $11,000 a year and could look forward to an average pension of $54,693 a year beginning at age 55.
mps qualify to collect after just six years of service, which means that pierre qualified for a pension at age every dollar that or senators contribute to their pension, taxpayers pony up $23.30, according to the canadian taxpayers federation, which has been pushing this issue for changes that will be phased in, to spare the cohort now warming the chairs in the house of commons, will contribute $39,000 a year to their pensions, and they be able to collect until they turn 65.harper, who did not need to do this, took a look at his own entitlements and decided to put another hole in the belt.
until the bill passed, retired prime ministers received 66 per cent of their prime ministerial salary $104,000 a year on top of their salary.
harper, who makes $157,731 as an plus his $157,731 prime ministerial stipend, will now receive three per cent of his prime ministerial salary per year of service.
if he serves until after the next election, in 2015, get about $47,000 a year in pension, $57,000 less than he would have received under the old system.
depending on when he leaves office, and how long he lives, pension decision will cost him $1.5 million to $2 million. harper is quietly setting a good example, and deserves a bit of credit.
he also deserves credit for agreeing to split the pension measures off from the enormous budget omnibus bill.
it had looked like the tories were planning to keep the measure in the bill, which the opposition is pretty much to vote against, so that the tories could complain theatrically that liberal and refused to vote to cut their own pensions.
instead, when liberal interim leader bob rae asked harper during question period on thursday to split the bill, harper said he would take it under advisement.
on friday, the government decided to slice the measure off the budget bill and pass it. the hemmed and hawed, and said that it really should go to committee for study, likely because they keen to give the government a fig leaf for cuts to public servants’ pensions, but they quickly realized they be seen to vote against this, and got in line.
it is about time.
mps make $157,731 a year, which for most of them is the biggest salary they will make in their lives. while a handful of business people and big shot lawyers do take pay cuts to serve in parliament, when you consider all the benefits and free stuff they get, the number who really lose out by entering politics is small.
we would be cutting off our noses to spite our faces if we make it an unappealing job. a tough life, full of rubber chicken, long airplane rides, ridiculous talking points and the risk of public indignity on a scale most of us endure.
but it was a bit too rich, so the changes are good, and it was good to see the prime minister with opposition to get this done.
harper often mistakes his opponents for blood enemies, sending his legions out to attack them with asinine and insulting talking points, unnecessarily reducing the level of debate.
and the budget omnibus bill is too big 450 pages! to allow for proper debate of the many laws it changes.
it guts the navigable waters act, for instance, removing federal protection from a huge number of lakes and rivers, handing responsibility to municipalities that may be too tempted to pave lakes when a big box retailer moves to town.
the conservatives say other acts will still protect those bodies of water, and they may be right. the kind of thing we would find out in a proper debate at the environment committee, after hearing from witnesses, rather than a rushed session at finance committee.
it is good to reduce the pensions of, but bad to prevent them from earning their pay by giving our laws the debate they need.
smaher@postmedia.com
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ˈstivən ˈhɑrpər ˈtaɪtənd hɪz oʊn bɛlt ðɪs wik, ˌvɑlənˈtɛrəli ənd kˈwaɪətli əkˈsɛptɪŋ ə ˈpɛnʃən kət ðət wɪl ˈlaɪkli kɔst ɪm mɔr ðən ə ˈmɪljən ˈdɔlərz. ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər nid ɑr ˈsɪmpəθi. stɪl hæv ə ˈvɛri ˈkəmfərtəbəl ˈpɛnʃən, bət hi dɪˈzərvz ˈkrɛdɪt fər ʃoʊɪŋ ˈlidərˌʃɪp ənd ˈfaɪnəli ˈskreɪpɪŋ səm əv ðə goʊld ɔf əv mps’*’ ˈgɪldɪd ˈpɛnʃən pæst ə bɪl ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ðət wɪl si ɔl əv ðɛm stɑrt tɪ peɪ mɔr fər ðɛr oʊn rɪˈtaɪrmənts, ˈɛndɪŋ ə ˈsɪstəm wɛr ðeɪ peɪd ʤɪst ə jɪr ənd kʊd lʊk ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ən ˈævərɪʤ ˈpɛnʃən əv ə jɪr bɪˈgɪnɪŋ æt eɪʤ 55 kˈwɑləˌfaɪ tɪ kəˈlɛkt ˈæftər ʤɪst sɪks jɪrz əv ˈsərvɪs, wɪʧ minz ðət piɛr kˈwɑləˌfaɪd fər ə ˈpɛnʃən æt eɪʤ ˈɛvəri ˈdɔlər ðət ər ˈsɛnətərz kənˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðɛr ˈpɛnʃən, ˈtækˌspeɪərz ˈpoʊˌni əp əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈtækˌspeɪərz ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən, wɪʧ həz bɪn ˈpʊʃɪŋ ðɪs ˈɪʃu fər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ðət wɪl bi feɪzd ɪn, tɪ spɛr ðə ˈkoʊhɔrt naʊ ˈwɔrmɪŋ ðə ʧɛrz ɪn ðə haʊs əv ˈkɑmənz, wɪl kənˈtrɪbjut ə jɪr tɪ ðɛr ˈpɛnʃənz, ənd ðeɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ kəˈlɛkt ənˈtɪl ðeɪ tərn 65.harper*, hu dɪd nɑt nid tɪ du ðɪs, tʊk ə lʊk æt hɪz oʊn ɛnˈtaɪtəlmənts ənd ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ pʊt əˈnəðər hoʊl ɪn ðə bɛlt. ənˈtɪl ðə bɪl pæst, rɪˈtaɪrd praɪm ˈmɪnɪstərz rɪˈsivd 66 pər sɛnt əv ðɛr praɪm ˌmɪnɪˈstiriəl ˈsæləri ə jɪr ɔn tɔp əv ðɛr ˈsæləri. ˈhɑrpər, hu meɪks ɛz ən pləs hɪz praɪm ˌmɪnɪˈstiriəl ˈstaɪpənd, wɪl naʊ rɪˈsiv θri pər sɛnt əv hɪz praɪm ˌmɪnɪˈstiriəl ˈsæləri pər jɪr əv ˈsərvɪs. ɪf hi sərvz ənˈtɪl ˈæftər ðə nɛkst ɪˈlɛkʃən, ɪn 2015 gɪt əˈbaʊt ə jɪr ɪn ˈpɛnʃən, lɛs ðən hi wʊd hæv rɪˈsivd ˈəndər ðə oʊld ˈsɪstəm. dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn wɪn hi livz ˈɔfəs, ənd haʊ lɔŋ hi lɪvz, ˈpɛnʃən dɪˈsɪʒən wɪl kɔst ɪm ˈmɪljən tɪ 2 ˈmɪljən. ˈhɑrpər ɪz kˈwaɪətli ˈsɛtɪŋ ə gʊd ɪgˈzæmpəl, ənd dɪˈzərvz ə bɪt əv ˈkrɛdɪt. hi ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈzərvz ˈkrɛdɪt fər əˈgriɪŋ tɪ splɪt ðə ˈpɛnʃən ˈmɛʒərz ɔf frəm ðə ɪˈnɔrmɪs ˈbəʤɪt ˈɑmnəbəs bɪl. ɪt hæd lʊkt laɪk ðə ˈtɔˌriz wər ˈplænɪŋ tɪ kip ðə ˈmɛʒər ɪn ðə bɪl, wɪʧ ðə ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ɪz ˈprɪti məʧ tɪ voʊt əˈgɛnst, soʊ ðət ðə ˈtɔˌriz kʊd kəmˈpleɪn θiˈætrɪkəˌli ðət ˈlɪˌbərəl ənd rɪfˈjuzd tɪ voʊt tɪ kət ðɛr oʊn ˈpɛnʃənz. ˌɪnˈstɛd, wɪn ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈɪnərəm ˈlidər bɑb reɪ æst ˈhɑrpər ˈdʊrɪŋ kˈwɛʃən ˈpɪriəd ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ tɪ splɪt ðə bɪl, ˈhɑrpər sɛd hi wʊd teɪk ɪt ˈəndər ədˈvaɪzmənt. ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ slaɪs ðə ˈmɛʒər ɔf ðə ˈbəʤɪt bɪl ənd pæs ɪt. ðə hɛmd ənd hawed*, ənd sɛd ðət ɪt ˈrɪli ʃʊd goʊ tɪ kəˈmɪti fər ˈstədi, ˈlaɪkli bɪˈkəz ðeɪ kin tɪ gɪv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ə fɪg lif fər kəts tɪ ˈpəblɪk servants’*’ ˈpɛnʃənz, bət ðeɪ kˈwɪkli ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðeɪ bi sin tɪ voʊt əˈgɛnst ðɪs, ənd gɑt ɪn laɪn. ɪt ɪz əˈbaʊt taɪm. meɪk ə jɪr, wɪʧ fər moʊst əv ðɛm ɪz ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈsæləri ðeɪ wɪl meɪk ɪn ðɛr lɪvz. waɪl ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv ˈbɪznɪs ˈpipəl ənd bɪg ʃɑt ˈlɔjərz du teɪk peɪ kəts tɪ sərv ɪn ˈpɑrləmɛnt, wɪn ju kənˈsɪdər ɔl ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts ənd fri stəf ðeɪ gɪt, ðə ˈnəmbər hu ˈrɪli luz aʊt baɪ ˈɛnərɪŋ ˈpɑləˌtɪks ɪz smɔl. wi wʊd bi ˈkətɪŋ ɔf ɑr ˈnoʊzɪz tɪ spaɪt ɑr ˈfeɪsɪz ɪf wi meɪk ɪt ən ˌənəˈpilɪŋ ʤɑb. ə təf laɪf, fʊl əv ˈrəbər ˈʧɪkən, lɔŋ ˈɛrˌpleɪn raɪdz, rɪˈdɪkjələs ˈtɔkɪŋ pɔɪnts ənd ðə rɪsk əv ˈpəblɪk ˌɪnˈdɪgnəˌti ɔn ə skeɪl moʊst əv ˈjuˈɛs ɪnˈdʊr. bət ɪt wɑz ə bɪt tu rɪʧ, soʊ ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ər gʊd, ənd ɪt wɑz gʊd tɪ si ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər wɪθ ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ gɪt ðɪs dən. ˈhɑrpər ˈɔfən mɪˈsteɪks hɪz əˈpoʊnənts fər bləd ˈɛnəmiz, ˈsɛndɪŋ hɪz ˈliʤənz aʊt tɪ əˈtæk ðɛm wɪθ ˈæsəˌnaɪn ənd ˌɪnˈsəltɪŋ ˈtɔkɪŋ pɔɪnts, ənˈnɛsəˌsɛrəli rɪˈdusɪŋ ðə ˈlɛvəl əv dəˈbeɪt. ənd ðə ˈbəʤɪt ˈɑmnəbəs bɪl ɪz tu bɪg 450 ˈpeɪʤɪz! tɪ əˈlaʊ fər ˈprɑpər dəˈbeɪt əv ðə ˈmɛni lɔz ɪt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz. ɪt gəts ðə ˈnævəgəbəl ˈwɔtərz ækt, fər ˈɪnstəns, riˈmuvɪŋ ˈfɛdərəl prəˈtɛkʃən frəm ə juʤ ˈnəmbər əv leɪks ənd ˈrɪvərz, ˈhændɪŋ riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti tɪ mˌjunɪsəˈpælɪtiz ðət meɪ bi tu ˈtɛmptɪd tɪ peɪv leɪks wɪn ə bɪg bɑks ˈriˌteɪlər muvz tɪ taʊn. ðə kənˈsərvətɪvz seɪ ˈəðər ækts wɪl stɪl prəˈtɛkt ðoʊz ˈbɑdiz əv ˈwɔtər, ənd ðeɪ meɪ bi raɪt. ðə kaɪnd əv θɪŋ wi wʊd faɪnd aʊt ɪn ə ˈprɑpər dəˈbeɪt æt ðə ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt kəˈmɪti, ˈæftər ˈhirɪŋ frəm ˈwɪtnəsɪz, ˈrəðər ðən ə rəʃt ˈsɛʃən æt ˈfaɪˌnæns kəˈmɪti. ɪt ɪz gʊd tɪ rɪˈdus ðə ˈpɛnʃənz əv, bət bæd tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ðɛm frəm ˈərnɪŋ ðɛr peɪ baɪ ˈgɪvɪŋ ɑr lɔz ðə dəˈbeɪt ðeɪ nid.
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fans of john martyn have long lamented island's decision to allow this album to remain deleted from its catalog -- most of us consider it (along with solid air and grace and danger) to be one of john's real masterpieces. thankfully, it was worth waiting for its reintroduction -- island has done a very nice job with this treatment. the first disc the album, making john's shimmery, (read the accompanying booklet and you'll understand) guitar work sound at once ethereal and immediate. you can also hear, for the first time, some of the really cool dub beats and rhythm tracks (on smiling stranger, for example) that got buried beneath hearing on the vinyl mix. overall, it sounds like you're hearing the album for the first time, and it's a truly great album. the second disc, parts of which have been around for awhile as "another world," has a really nice live set with john at his most direct and accessible (if a bit out of tune on the acoustic guitar!). the rest is a fascinating set of alternative takes and working tracks that, unlike most such dross, actually enhance one's understanding of the album as released. really thoughtful and well done. and the booklet is a treasure that explains how the album came to be and some of the recording techniques that give it its unique and ambient sound, particularly on small hours. if you're not a john martyn fan, you're much better off starting with the island anthology, "sweet little mysteries," than this reissue. but if you're already part of the club, this is revelatory stuff that brings a truly classic album into much clearer focus.
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fænz əv ʤɑn ˈmɑrtɪn hæv lɔŋ ləˈmɛntɪd ˈaɪləndz dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ əˈlaʊ ðɪs ˈælbəm tɪ rɪˈmeɪn dɪˈlitəd frəm ɪts ˈkætəlɔg moʊst əv ˈjuˈɛs kənˈsɪdər ɪt (əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈsɑləd ɛr ənd greɪs ənd ˈdeɪnʤər) tɪ bi wən əv ʤɑnz ril ˈmæstərˌpisɪz. ˈθæŋkfəli, ɪt wɑz wərθ ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ɪts ˌriɪntrəˈdəkʃən ˈaɪlənd həz dən ə ˈvɛri nis ʤɑb wɪθ ðɪs ˈtritmənt. ðə fərst dɪsk ðə ˈælbəm, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʤɑnz shimmery*, (rɛd ðə əˈkəmpəniɪŋ ˈbʊklɪt ənd jul ˌəndərˈstænd) gɪˈtɑr wərk saʊnd æt wəns ɪˈθɪriəl ənd ˌɪˈmiˌdiət. ju kən ˈɔlsoʊ hir, fər ðə fərst taɪm, səm əv ðə ˈrɪli kul dəb bits ənd ˈrɪðəm træks (ɔn sˈmaɪlɪŋ ˈstreɪnʤər, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl) ðət gɑt ˈbɛrid bɪˈniθ ˈhirɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈvaɪnəl mɪks. ˈoʊvərˌɔl, ɪt saʊnz laɪk jʊr ˈhirɪŋ ðə ˈælbəm fər ðə fərst taɪm, ənd ɪts ə ˈtruli greɪt ˈælbəm. ðə ˈsɛkənd dɪsk, pɑrts əv wɪʧ hæv bɪn əraʊnd fər əˈwaɪl ɛz "əˈnəðər wərld," həz ə ˈrɪli nis lɪv sɛt wɪθ ʤɑn æt hɪz moʊst dɪˈrɛkt ənd ækˈsɛsəbəl (ɪf ə bɪt aʊt əv tun ɔn ðə əˈkustɪk gɪˈtɑr!). ðə rɛst ɪz ə ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪŋ sɛt əv ɔlˈtərnətɪv teɪks ənd ˈwərkɪŋ træks ðət, ənˈlaɪk moʊst səʧ drɔs, ˈæˌkʧuəli ɛnˈhæns wənz ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ðə ˈælbəm ɛz riˈlist. ˈrɪli ˈθɔtfəl ənd wɛl dən. ənd ðə ˈbʊklɪt ɪz ə ˈtrɛʒər ðət ɪkˈspleɪnz haʊ ðə ˈælbəm keɪm tɪ bi ənd səm əv ðə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ tɛkˈniks ðət gɪv ɪt ɪts juˈnik ənd ˈæmbiənt saʊnd, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ɔn smɔl aʊərz. ɪf jʊr nɑt ə ʤɑn ˈmɑrtɪn fæn, jʊr məʧ ˈbɛtər ɔf ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈaɪlənd ænˈθɔləˌʤi, "swit ˈlɪtəl ˈmɪstəriz," ðən ðɪs riˈɪʃu. bət ɪf jʊr ɔˈrɛdi pɑrt əv ðə kləb, ðɪs ɪz rɪˈvɛləˌtɔri stəf ðət brɪŋz ə ˈtruli ˈklæsɪk ˈælbəm ˈɪntu məʧ ˈklɪrər ˈfoʊkɪs.
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specialized have quietly been revamping their line of mountain bike tires over the last year or so, modifying existing tread patterns with a little extra here, new knob profiles there, and more" options.
the hillbilly is no exception, and the wet conditions specialist has been reworked to offer even more traction when the trails are muddy and soft. it now looks more like an aggressive version of butcher as opposed to a traditional mud spike, with tall, square knobs that have been spaced out to help keep the tire from getting clogged with mud.
specialized hillbilly details
• intended conditions: soft to intermediate terrain
• rubber compound
• ready
• sizes: x", 29 x", 29 x" (tested)
• weight: 980 grams
• price: $60
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• intended conditions: soft to intermediate terrain• rubber compound• ready• sizes: x", 29 x", 29 x" (tested)• weight: 980 grams• price: $60
tall side knobs help the hillbilly dig deep into the ground. tall side knobs help the hillbilly dig deep into the ground. there's more than the prior version, which helps deliver even more traction. there's more than the prior version, which helps deliver even more traction.
performance
pinkbike's take
the new hillbilly is a highly recommended option for riders who frequently find themselves riding in wet, muddy conditions. it's more versatile than a mud spike, checks in at a reasonable weight, and perhaps best of all, has a very reasonable price that's a tough combination to beat. mike
in addition to the new tread pattern, the hillbilly uses proprietary rubber compound, which is claimed to offer vibration damping properties that help keep the tire sticking to the ground in rougher sections of trail. it's the 29 x” grid casing version that's tested here, but there are also x” and 29 x” options available, all priced at $60.the hillbilly was officially released only a few month ago, but i was able to get my hands on some early production samples late last winter, which means i've been able to subject them to plenty of muddy installation and setup was hassle-free, and once installed on a rim with a internal width the hillbilly measured a” from side knob to side knob. as far as pressures go, i typically run 21 psi in the front, but i ended up going a couple pounds higher with these tires to get the support that i was looking for. the reinforced grid casing is answer to riders looking for more puncture resistance, although it's not quite as burly as what offers with their casing riders in extremely rocky areas may find themselves seeking even more protection. that being said, i didn't suffer any punctures over the course of the test period, although the trails i was on tended to have more roots than rocks, which aren't as likely to slice a.enough about casings and pressures how does the hillbilly handle the slop? extremely well, with loads of traction available, even on harder surfaces areas where this style of tire typically struggles. compared to the shorty, the hillbilly felt less likely to suddenly slide out when faced with the slimy roots and wet rocks that are common here in the pacific northwest, and it soon became my front tire when trail conditions took a turn for the hillbilly isn't an (and it's not billed as one) and on dry, trails the taller knobs do have a tendency to squirm, especially during hard cornering. but when those trails turn to mud, the same knobs will dig right in with the tenacity of a rabid dog going after a buried bone, churning at the soil and providing massive amounts of grip. there were times when i found myself laughing out loud after exiting a turn it's positively silly just how well this tire will and hold onto softer with such an aggressive tread pattern the rolling resistance is reasonable. it's certainly not a rolling summer tire, but it never felt either. i am curious about what running the” version in the front and rear would be like i have a feeling that's a recipe for a really good time. as far as durability goes, tires last a lot longer when they're used in the mud rather than on rocky, terrain, and this hillbilly is still going strong, with enough tread left for another round of winter riding.
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ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd hæv kˈwaɪətli bɪn riˈvæmpɪŋ ðɛr laɪn əv ˈmaʊntən baɪk taɪərz ˈoʊvər ðə læst jɪr ər soʊ, ˈmɑdəˌfaɪɪŋ ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ trɛd ˈpætərnz wɪθ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈɛkstrə hir, nu nɑb ˈproʊˌfaɪlz ðɛr, ənd mɔr ˈɔpʃənz. ðə ˈhɪlbɪli ɪz noʊ ɪkˈsɛpʃən, ənd ðə wɛt kənˈdɪʃənz ˈspɛʃəlɪst həz bɪn riˈwərkt tɪ ˈɔfər ˈivɪn mɔr ˈtrækʃən wɪn ðə treɪlz ər ˈmədi ənd sɔft. ɪt naʊ lʊks mɔr laɪk ən əˈgrɛsɪv ˈvərʒən əv ˈbʊʧər ɛz əˈpoʊzd tɪ ə trəˈdɪʃənəl məd spaɪk, wɪθ tɔl, skwɛr nɑbz ðət hæv bɪn speɪst aʊt tɪ hɛlp kip ðə taɪər frəm ˈgɪtɪŋ klɔgd wɪθ məd. ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd ˈhɪlbɪli ˈditeɪlz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd kənˈdɪʃənz: sɔft tɪ ˌɪnərˈmidiɪt təreɪn ˈrəbər ˈkɑmpaʊnd ˈrɛdi ˈsaɪzɪz: ɛks 29 ɛks 29 ɛks (ˈtɛstɪd) weɪt: 980 græmz praɪs: 60 ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd kənˈdɪʃənz: sɔft tɪ ˌɪnərˈmidiɪt terrain•*• ˈrəbər compound•*• ready•*• ˈsaɪzɪz: ɛks 29 ɛks 29 ɛks (tested)•*)• weɪt: 980 grams•*• praɪs: 60 tɔl saɪd nɑbz hɛlp ðə ˈhɪlbɪli dɪg dip ˈɪntu ðə graʊnd. tɔl saɪd nɑbz hɛlp ðə ˈhɪlbɪli dɪg dip ˈɪntu ðə graʊnd. ðɛrz mɔr ðən ðə praɪər ˈvərʒən, wɪʧ hɛlps dɪˈlɪvər ˈivɪn mɔr ˈtrækʃən. ðɛrz mɔr ðən ðə praɪər ˈvərʒən, wɪʧ hɛlps dɪˈlɪvər ˈivɪn mɔr ˈtrækʃən. pərˈfɔrməns teɪk ðə nu ˈhɪlbɪli ɪz ə ˈhaɪli ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ˈɔpʃən fər ˈraɪdərz hu ˈfrikwɛntli faɪnd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈraɪdɪŋ ɪn wɛt, ˈmədi kənˈdɪʃənz. ɪts mɔr ˈvərsətəl ðən ə məd spaɪk, ʧɛks ɪn æt ə ˈrizənəbəl weɪt, ənd pərˈhæps bɛst əv ɔl, həz ə ˈvɛri ˈrizənəbəl praɪs ðæts ə təf ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən tɪ bit. maɪk ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə nu trɛd ˈpætərn, ðə ˈhɪlbɪli ˈjuzɪz prəˈpraɪəˌtɛri ˈrəbər ˈkɑmpaʊnd, wɪʧ ɪz kleɪmd tɪ ˈɔfər vaɪˈbreɪʃən ˈdæmpɪŋ ˈprɑpərtiz ðət hɛlp kip ðə taɪər ˈstɪkɪŋ tɪ ðə graʊnd ɪn ˈrəfər ˈsɛkʃənz əv treɪl. ɪts ðə 29 ɛks grɪd ˈkeɪsɪŋ ˈvərʒən ðæts ˈtɛstɪd hir, bət ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ ɛks ənd 29 ɛks ˈɔpʃənz əˈveɪləbəl, ɔl praɪst æt 60 ˈhɪlbɪli wɑz əˈfɪʃəli riˈlist ˈoʊnli ə fju mənθ əˈgoʊ, bət aɪ wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪt maɪ hænz ɔn səm ˈərli pərˈdəkʃən ˈsæmpəlz leɪt læst ˈwɪntər, wɪʧ minz aɪv bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈsəbʤɪkt ðɛm tɪ ˈplɛnti əv ˈmədi ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən ənd ˈsɛˌtəp wɑz hassle-free*, ənd wəns ˌɪnˈstɔld ɔn ə rɪm wɪθ ə ˌɪnˈtərnəl wɪdθ ðə ˈhɪlbɪli ˈmɛʒərd ə frəm saɪd nɑb tɪ saɪd nɑb. ɛz fɑr ɛz ˈprɛʃərz goʊ, aɪ ˈtɪpɪkəli rən 21 saɪ ɪn ðə frənt, bət aɪ ˈɛndɪd əp goʊɪŋ ə ˈkəpəl paʊnz haɪər wɪθ ðiz taɪərz tɪ gɪt ðə səˈpɔrt ðət aɪ wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ fər. ðə ˌriɪnˈfɔrst grɪd ˈkeɪsɪŋ ɪz ˈænsər tɪ ˈraɪdərz ˈlʊkɪŋ fər mɔr ˈpəŋkʧər rɪˈzɪstəns, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪts nɑt kwaɪt ɛz ˈbərli ɛz wət ˈɔfərz wɪθ ðɛr ˈkeɪsɪŋ ˈraɪdərz ɪn ɪkˈstrimli ˈrɑki ˈɛriəz meɪ faɪnd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈsikɪŋ ˈivɪn mɔr prəˈtɛkʃən. ðət biɪŋ sɛd, aɪ ˈdɪdənt ˈsəfər ˈɛni ˈpəŋkʧərz ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ðə tɛst ˈpɪriəd, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə treɪlz aɪ wɑz ɔn ˈtɛndɪd tɪ hæv mɔr ruts ðən rɑks, wɪʧ ˈɑrənt ɛz ˈlaɪkli tɪ slaɪs ə əˈbaʊt ˈkeɪsɪŋz ənd ˈprɛʃərz haʊ dɪz ðə ˈhɪlbɪli ˈhændəl ðə slɑp? ɪkˈstrimli wɛl, wɪθ loʊdz əv ˈtrækʃən əˈveɪləbəl, ˈivɪn ɔn ˈhɑrdər ˈsərfəsɪz ˈɛriəz wɛr ðɪs staɪl əv taɪər ˈtɪpɪkəli ˈstrəgəlz. kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə ˈʃɔrti, ðə ˈhɪlbɪli fɛlt lɛs ˈlaɪkli tɪ ˈsədənli slaɪd aʊt wɪn feɪst wɪθ ðə sˈlaɪmi ruts ənd wɛt rɑks ðət ər ˈkɑmən hir ɪn ðə pəˈsɪfɪk ˌnɔrθˈwɛst, ənd ɪt sun bɪˈkeɪm maɪ frənt taɪər wɪn treɪl kənˈdɪʃənz tʊk ə tərn fər ðə ˈhɪlbɪli ˈɪzənt ən (ənd ɪts nɑt bɪld ɛz wən) ənd ɔn draɪ, treɪlz ðə ˈtɔlər nɑbz du hæv ə ˈtɛndənsi tɪ skwərm, əˈspɛʃəli ˈdʊrɪŋ hɑrd ˈkɔrnərɪŋ. bət wɪn ðoʊz treɪlz tərn tɪ məd, ðə seɪm nɑbz wɪl dɪg raɪt ɪn wɪθ ðə təˈnæsɪti əv ə ˈræbɪd dɔg goʊɪŋ ˈæftər ə ˈbɛrid boʊn, ˈʧərnɪŋ æt ðə sɔɪl ənd prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈmæsɪv əˈmaʊnts əv grɪp. ðɛr wər taɪmz wɪn aɪ faʊnd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ˈlæfɪŋ aʊt laʊd ˈæftər ˈɛgzɪtɪŋ ə tərn ɪts ˈpɑzətɪvli ˈsɪli ʤɪst haʊ wɛl ðɪs taɪər wɪl ənd hoʊld ˈɔntu ˈsɔftər wɪθ səʧ ən əˈgrɛsɪv trɛd ˈpætərn ðə ˈroʊlɪŋ rɪˈzɪstəns ɪz ˈrizənəbəl. ɪts ˈsərtənli nɑt ə ˈroʊlɪŋ ˈsəmər taɪər, bət ɪt ˈnɛvər fɛlt ˈiðər. aɪ æm ˈkjʊriəs əˈbaʊt wət ˈrənɪŋ ðə ˈvərʒən ɪn ðə frənt ənd rɪr wʊd bi laɪk aɪ hæv ə ˈfilɪŋ ðæts ə ˈrɛsəpi fər ə ˈrɪli gʊd taɪm. ɛz fɑr ɛz dərəˈbɪlɪti goʊz, taɪərz læst ə lɔt ˈlɔŋgər wɪn ðɛr juzd ɪn ðə məd ˈrəðər ðən ɔn ˈrɑki, təreɪn, ənd ðɪs ˈhɪlbɪli ɪz stɪl goʊɪŋ strɔŋ, wɪθ ɪˈnəf trɛd lɛft fər əˈnəðər raʊnd əv ˈwɪntər ˈraɪdɪŋ.
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both face a third front-runner, the former foreign minister amr moussa , who argued this week that egypt cannot afford an “experiment” in islamic democracy.
the winner could set the course for future, overseeing the drafting of a new constitution, settling the status of its current military rulers, and shaping its relations with the west, israel and its own christian minority. but as the islamists step toward power across the region, the most important debate may be the one occurring within their own ranks over the proper agenda and goals.
mr. conservative record and early campaign statements have sharpened the contrast between competing islamist visions. the brotherhood, the religious revival group known here for its preaching and charity as well as for its moderate islamist politics, took a much softer approach in the official platform it released last year. it dropped the “islam is the solution” slogan, omitted controversial proposals about a religious council or a muslim president and promised to respect the camp david accords with israel. its parliamentary leaders distanced themselves from thes, ultraconservative islamists who won a quarter of the seats in parliament.
the original nominee was its leading strategist, el-shater, a businessman known for his pragmatism. he had close personal ties to leaders, but he did not leave much of a paper trail besides an opinion column in a western newspaper stressing the commitment to tolerance and democracy. mr. was disqualified last week because of a past conviction at a political trial. in his short-lived campaign he stressed the plans for economic development and rarely, if ever, brought up islamic law.
by contrast, mr., 60, is campaigning explicitly both as a more conservative islamist and as a loyal executor of mr.’s plans. he campaigns with mr. under a banner with both their faces, fueling critics’ charges that he would be a mere servant of mr. and the executive board.
but mr. is also courting the ultraconservatives, whose popular candidate, salah abu ismail, was also disqualified. mr. may be tacking to the right to court thes as a swing vote in the contest with mr., or he may merely be expressing more conservative, older impulses within the brotherhood.
“some want to stop our march to an islamic future, where the grace of laws will be implemented and provide an honest life to all,” he proclaimed saturday night at his first rally, in a nile delta town. “our brothers, the islamic group, we are united in our aims and islamic vision. the islamic front must unite so we can fulfill this vision.”
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although he received a ph.d. in engineering at the university of southern california in 1982, mr. spent the past decade as a public spokesman for the political wing, where he left a far more extensive and controversial record than mr. did. last year, for example, mr. led a boycott of a major egyptian cellphone company because its founder, sawiris, a coptic christian, had circulated on twitter a cartoon of mickey mouse in a long beard with minnie in a veil a joke mr. said insulted islam.
when the brotherhood first considered trying to start a political party under mr. mubarak, in 2007, mr. was in charge of drafting a hypothetical platform. one provision called for restricting the presidency to muslim men. “the state which we seek can never be presided over by a,” he said at the time on the web site, arguing that the brotherhood wanted both a tolerant constitutional democracy and an expressly “islamic state.”
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in “a state whose top priorities include spreading and protecting the religion of allah,” he said, islam assigned the president some duties and powers that “can’t be carried out by a president.”
another provision called for a council of scholars to advise parliament on fidelity to islamic law. but unlike iran ’s guardian council , he said, it would be independent of the state, and its findings would be nonbinding.
mr. also brings to the race a reputation as an enforcer of brotherhood rules of obedience, even in politics. when a group of young online activists known as the brotherhood bloggers argued that the platform mr. oversaw contradicted the stated commitment to pluralism, mr. met with a group of them at his office.
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“he said, ‘this is the muslim brothers’ interpretation of islam, and this is islam, and nobody business,’ recalled mohamed ayyash, a former brotherhood blogger who helped organize the meeting. “he said: ‘you talk like that. you talk to the media.’
“he said, ‘this is islam the way the muslim brotherhood sees it,’ mr. ayyash recalled. (the campaign declined to comment on the meeting.)
mohamed habib, a former deputy chairman of the muslim brotherhood who years ago appointed mr. to oversee its political arm, said, “there is no doubt that is more conservative than the conservatives” in the brotherhood, including mr..
the presidential race is now shaping up in some ways as a rematch of the internal debate over that hypothetical platform. mr., mr. current opponent in the presidential race, was one of the few brotherhood leaders who openly opposed the scholars council and presidency restrictions. two years later, he was removed from the executive board in a conservative purge.
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while mr. has the organization behind him, mr. is considered more charismatic and carries strong islamist credentials. while mr. was working toward his engineering degree in los angeles in the late 1970s, mr. was founding an islamist student movement that went on to merge with and revitalize the more established muslim brotherhood. he stood up to former president anwar in a face-to-face confrontation at cairo university.
mr., a physician, also led the doctors’ syndicate, which ran the field hospitals during the protests that toppled mr. mubarak last year.
addressing a crowd of thousands last week in imbaba, a poor neighborhood of cairo, mr. all but brushed off questions about islamic law.
“egypt has been proud of its islamic and arabic identity for 15 centuries,” he said. “are we waiting for the parliament to convert us?” besides, he said, the correct understanding of islamic law should not be reduced to penalties or restrictions but should mean “all mercy and justice.”
as at many stops, mr. was also asked to confront rumors circulated in an online video by brotherhood operatives, his supporters charge that if elected president, he would order the arrest of all the members.
after the overthrow of mr. mubarak, mr. said, the egyptian public would never allow another president to detain islamists, leftists or anyone else for political reasons. “if he did this, the egyptian people would be the ones to detain him!”
as for his former colleagues in the muslim brotherhood, mr. said he believed that they should be treated just like any other nonprofit group. “they have to be legal associations and to work with transparency and clarity,” he said repeatedly. “all associations and all parties are equal before the law.”
to the brotherhood, though, it was also a threat. the enforcement of financial and disclosure requirements could force the brotherhood to separate its political party from its charitable and preaching organizations, depriving the party of much of its financing and clout while simultaneously diminishing the brotherhood control of the party.
as for mr., mr. suggested that he had brought on his own expulsion by defying the brotherhood, in part by running for president. when a member breaks away, mr. said in the interview, “we blame him; we pity him.”
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boʊθ feɪs ə θərd front-runner*, ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈfɔrən ˈmɪnɪstər ˈɑmər ˈmaʊsə hu ˈɑrgjud ðɪs wik ðət ˈiʤɪpt ˈkænɑt əˈfɔrd ən ““experiment”*” ɪn ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk dɪˈmɑkrəsi. ðə ˈwɪnər kʊd sɛt ðə kɔrs fər fˈjuʧər, ˈoʊvərˌsiɪŋ ðə ˈdræftɪŋ əv ə nu ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən, ˈsɛtəlɪŋ ðə ˈstætəs əv ɪts ˈkɑrənt ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈrulərz, ənd ˈʃeɪpɪŋ ɪts riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ðə wɛst, ˈɪzriəl ənd ɪts oʊn ˈkrɪsʧɪn məˈnɔrəti. bət ɛz ðə ˈɪsləmɪsts stɛp təˈwɔrd paʊər əˈkrɔs ðə ˈriʤən, ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt dəˈbeɪt meɪ bi ðə wən əˈkərɪŋ wɪˈθɪn ðɛr oʊn ræŋks ˈoʊvər ðə ˈprɑpər əˈʤɛndə ənd goʊlz. ˈmɪstər. kənˈsərvətɪv ˈrɛkərd ənd ˈərli kæmˈpeɪn ˈsteɪtmənts hæv ˈʃɑrpənd ðə ˈkɑntræst bɪtˈwin kəmˈpitɪŋ ˈɪsləmɪst ˈvɪʒənz. ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd, ðə rɪˈlɪʤəs rɪˈvaɪvəl grup noʊn hir fər ɪts ˈpriʧɪŋ ənd ˈʧɛrɪti ɛz wɛl ɛz fər ɪts ˈmɑdərˌeɪt ˈɪsləmɪst ˈpɑləˌtɪks, tʊk ə məʧ ˈsɔftər əˈproʊʧ ɪn ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˈplætˌfɔrm ɪt riˈlist læst jɪr. ɪt drɑpt ðə ɪz ðə solution”*” sˈloʊgən, oʊˈmɪtɪd ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl prəˈpoʊzəlz əˈbaʊt ə rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈkaʊnsəl ər ə ˈməzlɪm ˈprɛzɪdənt ənd ˈprɑməst tɪ rɪˈspɛkt ðə kæmp ˈdeɪvɪd əˈkɔrdz wɪθ ˈɪzriəl. ɪts ˌpɑrləˈmɛntəri ˈlidərz ˈdɪstənst ðɛmˈsɛlvz frəm ðə, ˌəltrəkənˈsərvətɪv ˈɪsləmɪsts hu wən ə kˈwɔrtər əv ðə sits ɪn ˈpɑrləmɛnt. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˌnɑməˈni wɑz ɪts ˈlidɪŋ ˈstrætɪʤɪst, el-shater*, ə ˈbɪznɪsˌmæn noʊn fər hɪz ˈprægməˌtɪzəm. hi hæd kloʊz ˈpərsɪnəl taɪz tɪ ˈlidərz, bət hi dɪd nɑt liv məʧ əv ə ˈpeɪpər treɪl ˌbiˈsaɪdz ən əˈpɪnjən ˈkɑləm ɪn ə ˈwɛstərn ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ˈstrɛsɪŋ ðə kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ˈtɑlərəns ənd dɪˈmɑkrəsi. ˈmɪstər. wɑz dɪskˈwɑləˌfaɪd læst wik bɪˈkəz əv ə pæst kənˈvɪkʃən æt ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl traɪəl. ɪn hɪz ˌʃɔrˈtlɪvd kæmˈpeɪn hi strɛst ðə plænz fər ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈvɛləpmənt ənd ˈrɛrli, ɪf ˈɛvər, brɔt əp ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk lɔ. baɪ ˈkɑntræst, ˈmɪstər., 60 ɪz kæmˈpeɪnɪŋ ɪkˈsplɪsətli boʊθ ɛz ə mɔr kənˈsərvətɪv ˈɪsləmɪst ənd ɛz ə lɔɪəl ɪgˈzɛkjətər əv ˈmɪstər. plænz. hi kæmˈpeɪnz wɪθ ˈmɪstər. ˈəndər ə ˈbænər wɪθ boʊθ ðɛr ˈfeɪsɪz, fˈjulɪŋ critics’*’ ˈʧɑrʤɪz ðət hi wʊd bi ə mɪr ˈsərvənt əv ˈmɪstər. ənd ðə ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv bɔrd. bət ˈmɪstər. ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkɔrtɪŋ ðə ˌəltrəkənˈsərvətɪv, huz ˈpɑpjələr ˈkænədɪt, ˈsælə ˈæbu ˈɪsmeɪl, wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ dɪskˈwɑləˌfaɪd. ˈmɪstər. meɪ bi ˈtækɪŋ tɪ ðə raɪt tɪ kɔrt ðə ɛz ə swɪŋ voʊt ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛst wɪθ ˈmɪstər., ər hi meɪ ˈmɪrli bi ɪkˈsprɛsɪŋ mɔr kənˈsərvətɪv, ˈoʊldər ˌɪmˈpəlsɪz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd. wɔnt tɪ stɑp ɑr mɑrʧ tɪ ən ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk fˈjuʧər, wɛr ðə greɪs əv lɔz wɪl bi ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ənd prəˈvaɪd ən ˈɑnəst laɪf tɪ all,”*,” hi proʊˈkleɪmd ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ naɪt æt hɪz fərst ˈræli, ɪn ə naɪl ˈdɛltə taʊn. ˈbrəðərz, ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk grup, wi ər juˈnaɪtɪd ɪn ɑr eɪmz ənd ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈvɪʒən. ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk frənt məst ˈjuˌnaɪt soʊ wi kən fʊlˈfɪl ðɪs vision.”*.” ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi rɪˈsivd ə ph.d*. ɪn ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈsəðərn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ɪn 1982 ˈmɪstər. spɛnt ðə pæst ˈdɛkeɪd ɛz ə ˈpəblɪk ˈspoʊksmən fər ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl wɪŋ, wɛr hi lɛft ə fɑr mɔr ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ənd ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈrɛkərd ðən ˈmɪstər. dɪd. læst jɪr, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈmɪstər. lɛd ə ˈbɔɪˌkɑt əv ə ˈmeɪʤər ɪˈʤɪpʃən ˈsɛlfoʊn ˈkəmpəˌni bɪˈkəz ɪts ˈfaʊndər, sawiris*, ə ˈkɑptɪk ˈkrɪsʧɪn, hæd ˈsərkjəˌleɪtɪd ɔn tˈwɪtər ə kɑrˈtun əv ˈmɪki maʊs ɪn ə lɔŋ bɪrd wɪθ ˈmɪni ɪn ə veɪl ə ʤoʊk ˈmɪstər. sɛd ˌɪnˈsəltɪd ˌɪsˈlɑm. wɪn ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd fərst kənˈsɪdərd traɪɪŋ tɪ stɑrt ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrti ˈəndər ˈmɪstər. muˈbɑrɪk, ɪn 2007 ˈmɪstər. wɑz ɪn ʧɑrʤ əv ˈdræftɪŋ ə ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl ˈplætˌfɔrm. wən prəˈvɪʒən kɔld fər riˈstrɪktɪŋ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənsi tɪ ˈməzlɪm mɛn. steɪt wɪʧ wi sik kən ˈnɛvər bi prɪˈzaɪdɪd ˈoʊvər baɪ ə non-muslim,”*,” hi sɛd æt ðə taɪm ɔn ðə wɛb saɪt, ˈɑrgjuɪŋ ðət ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd ˈwɔntɪd boʊθ ə ˈtɑlərənt ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl dɪˈmɑkrəsi ənd ən ɛkˈsprɛsli state.”*.” ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ɪn steɪt huz tɔp praɪˈɔrətiz ˌɪnˈklud ˈsprɛdɪŋ ənd prəˈtɛktɪŋ ðə rɪˈlɪʤən əv allah,”*,” hi sɛd, ˌɪsˈlɑm əˈsaɪnd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt səm ˈdutiz ənd paʊərz ðət bi ˈkɛrid aʊt baɪ ə president.”*.” əˈnəðər prəˈvɪʒən kɔld fər ə ˈkaʊnsəl əv ˈskɑlərz tɪ ədˈvaɪz ˈpɑrləmɛnt ɔn ˌfaɪˈdɛləti tɪ ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk lɔ. bət ənˈlaɪk ˌɪˈrɑn ˈgɑrdiən ˈkaʊnsəl hi sɛd, ɪt wʊd bi ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əv ðə steɪt, ənd ɪts ˈfaɪndɪŋz wʊd bi ˈnɑnˈbaɪndɪŋ. ˈmɪstər. ˈɔlsoʊ brɪŋz tɪ ðə reɪs ə ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən ɛz ən ɛnˈfɔrsər əv ˈbrəðərˌhʊd rulz əv oʊˈbidiəns, ˈivɪn ɪn ˈpɑləˌtɪks. wɪn ə grup əv jəŋ ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈæktɪvɪsts noʊn ɛz ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd ˈblɔgərz ˈɑrgjud ðət ðə ˈplætˌfɔrm ˈmɪstər. ˈoʊvərˌsɔ ˌkɑntrəˈdɪktəd ðə ˈsteɪtɪd kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ˈplʊrəˌlɪzəm, ˈmɪstər. mɛt wɪθ ə grup əv ðɛm æt hɪz ˈɔfəs. ˈnuzˌlɛtər saɪn əp kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri pliz ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ jʊr nɑt ə ˈroʊˌbət baɪ ˈklɪkɪŋ ðə bɑks. ˌɪnˈvæləd iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs. pliz re-enter*. ju məst səˈlɛkt ə ˈnuzˌlɛtər tɪ səbˈskraɪb tɪ. saɪn əp ju wɪl rɪˈsiv iˈmeɪlz kənˈteɪnɪŋ nuz ˈkɑntɛnt ˈəpˌdeɪts ənd pərˈmoʊʃənz frəm ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz. ju meɪ æt ˈɛni taɪm. ju əˈgri tɪ rɪˈsiv ɔˈkeɪʒənəl ˈəpˌdeɪts ənd ˈspɛʃəl ˈɔfərz fər ðə nu jɔrk ˈtaɪmzɪz ˈprɑdəkts ənd ˈsərvɪsɪz. θæŋk ju fər səbˈskraɪbɪŋ. ən ˈɛrər həz əˈkərd. pliz traɪ əˈgɛn ˈleɪtər. vju ɔl nu jɔrk taɪmz ˈnuzˌlɛtərz. sɛd, ɪz ðə ˈməzlɪm brothers’*’ ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən əv ˌɪsˈlɑm, ənd ðɪs ɪz ˌɪsˈlɑm, ənd ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi business,’*,’ rɪˈkɔld moʊˈhɑmɛd ˈaɪˌjæʃ, ə ˈfɔrmər ˈbrəðərˌhʊd ˈblɔgər hu hɛlpt ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ðə ˈmitɪŋ. sɛd: tɔk laɪk ðət. ju tɔk tɪ ðə media.’*.’ sɛd, ɪz ˌɪsˈlɑm ðə weɪ ðə ˈməzlɪm ˈbrəðərˌhʊd siz it,’*,’ ˈmɪstər. ˈaɪˌjæʃ rɪˈkɔld. (ðə kæmˈpeɪn dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə ˈmitɪŋ.) moʊˈhɑmɛd həˈbib, ə ˈfɔrmər ˈdɛpjəti ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə ˈməzlɪm ˈbrəðərˌhʊd hu jɪrz əˈgoʊ əˈpɔɪntɪd ˈmɪstər. tɪ ˈoʊvərˌsi ɪts pəˈlɪtɪkəl ɑrm, sɛd, ɪz noʊ daʊt ðət ɪz mɔr kənˈsərvətɪv ðən ðə conservatives”*” ɪn ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈmɪstər.. ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl reɪs ɪz naʊ ˈʃeɪpɪŋ əp ɪn səm weɪz ɛz ə ˈriˈmæʧ əv ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl dəˈbeɪt ˈoʊvər ðət ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl ˈplætˌfɔrm. ˈmɪstər., ˈmɪstər. ˈkɑrənt əˈpoʊnənt ɪn ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl reɪs, wɑz wən əv ðə fju ˈbrəðərˌhʊd ˈlidərz hu ˈoʊpənli əˈpoʊzd ðə ˈskɑlərz ˈkaʊnsəl ənd ˈprɛzɪdənsi riˈstrɪkʃənz. tu jɪrz ˈleɪtər, hi wɑz riˈmuvd frəm ðə ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv bɔrd ɪn ə kənˈsərvətɪv pərʤ. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri waɪl ˈmɪstər. həz ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən bɪˈhaɪnd ɪm, ˈmɪstər. ɪz kənˈsɪdərd mɔr kɛrɪzˈmætɪk ənd ˈkɛriz strɔŋ ˈɪsləmɪst krəˈdɛnʃəlz. waɪl ˈmɪstər. wɑz ˈwərkɪŋ təˈwɔrd hɪz ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ dɪˈgri ɪn lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs ɪn ðə leɪt 1970s*, ˈmɪstər. wɑz ˈfaʊndɪŋ ən ˈɪsləmɪst ˈstudənt ˈmuvmənt ðət wɛnt ɔn tɪ mərʤ wɪθ ənd riˈvaɪtəˌlaɪz ðə mɔr ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈməzlɪm ˈbrəðərˌhʊd. hi stʊd əp tɪ ˈfɔrmər ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈɑnwɑr ɪn ə ˈfeɪstuˈfeɪs ˌkɑnfrənˈteɪʃən æt ˈkaɪroʊ ˌjunəˈvərsəti. ˈmɪstər., ə fəˈzɪʃən, ˈɔlsoʊ lɛd ðə doctors’*’ ˈsɪndɪkət, wɪʧ ræn ðə fild ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈproʊˌtɛsts ðət ˈtɑpəld ˈmɪstər. muˈbɑrɪk læst jɪr. æˈdrɛsɪŋ ə kraʊd əv ˈθaʊzənz læst wik ɪn imbaba*, ə pur ˈneɪbərˌhʊd əv ˈkaɪroʊ, ˈmɪstər. ɔl bət brəʃt ɔf kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk lɔ. həz bɪn praʊd əv ɪts ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ənd ˈɛrəbɪk aɪˈdɛntəˌti fər 15 centuries,”*,” hi sɛd. wi ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ðə ˈpɑrləmɛnt tɪ ˈkɑnvərt us?”*?” ˌbiˈsaɪdz, hi sɛd, ðə kərˈɛkt ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk lɔ ʃʊd nɑt bi rɪˈdust tɪ ˈpɛnəltiz ər riˈstrɪkʃənz bət ʃʊd min ˈmərsi ənd justice.”*.” ɛz æt ˈmɛni stɑps, ˈmɪstər. wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ æst tɪ kənˈfrənt ˈrumərz ˈsərkjəˌleɪtɪd ɪn ən ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈvɪdioʊ baɪ ˈbrəðərˌhʊd ˈɑpərətɪvz, hɪz səˈpɔrtərz ʧɑrʤ ðət ɪf ɪˈlɛktɪd ˈprɛzɪdənt, hi wʊd ˈɔrdər ðə ərˈɛst əv ɔl ðə ˈmɛmbərz. ˈæftər ðə ˈoʊvərθˌroʊ əv ˈmɪstər. muˈbɑrɪk, ˈmɪstər. sɛd, ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃən ˈpəblɪk wʊd ˈnɛvər əˈlaʊ əˈnəðər ˈprɛzɪdənt tɪ dɪˈteɪn ˈɪsləmɪsts, ˈlɛftɪsts ər ˈɛniˌwən ɛls fər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈrizənz. hi dɪd ðɪs, ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃən ˈpipəl wʊd bi ðə wənz tɪ dɪˈteɪn him!”*!” ɛz fər hɪz ˈfɔrmər ˈkɑligz ɪn ðə ˈməzlɪm ˈbrəðərˌhʊd, ˈmɪstər. sɛd hi bɪˈlivd ðət ðeɪ ʃʊd bi ˈtritɪd ʤɪst laɪk ˈɛni ˈəðər nɑnˈprɑfət grup. hæv tɪ bi ˈligəl əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz ənd tɪ wərk wɪθ trænˈspɛrənsi ənd clarity,”*,” hi sɛd rɪˈpitɪdli. əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz ənd ɔl ˈpɑrtiz ər ˈikwəl ˌbiˈfɔr ðə law.”*.” tɪ ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd, ðoʊ, ɪt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ə θrɛt. ðə ɛnˈfɔrsmənt əv ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ənd dɪˈskloʊʒər rɪkˈwaɪrmənts kʊd fɔrs ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd tɪ ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ɪts pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrti frəm ɪts ˈʧɛrətəbəl ənd ˈpriʧɪŋ ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz, dɪˈpraɪvɪŋ ðə ˈpɑrti əv məʧ əv ɪts fɪˈnænsɪŋ ənd klaʊt waɪl ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli dɪˈmɪnɪʃɪŋ ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ˈpɑrti. ɛz fər ˈmɪstər., ˈmɪstər. səˈʤɛstɪd ðət hi hæd brɔt ɔn hɪz oʊn ɪkˈspəlʃən baɪ dɪˈfaɪɪŋ ðə ˈbrəðərˌhʊd, ɪn pɑrt baɪ ˈrənɪŋ fər ˈprɛzɪdənt. wɪn ə ˈmɛmbər breɪks əˈweɪ, ˈmɪstər. sɛd ɪn ðə ˈɪntərvˌju, bleɪm ɪm; wi ˈpɪti him.”*.”
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old gods expansion could have included titans, deck spotlight: control priest, the angry chicken #152
may notes, skills & talents recap
legion beta - build 21796
quantum warriors <wqw> managed to clear 120 on theropean server, with characters. shared some details on how they did it - the differences between their 4 man party and other, as well as the healing support crusader spec that was used.
the 4 man setup used by them was an energy twister wizard along with 3 support characters. read below for all the details.
hello, this is from the clan <wqw> quantum warriors on.
i'm writing this post because i wanted to share our120 clear on #1) (just done tonight!) with you. you will think that we are just some high paragon guys fishing for a good rift... but i share this clear with you because this is not the case. we actually replaced the support monk by a whole new build that i'm thinking about since (and even back in) : the heal crusader.
you will say "nothing new, a lot ofople have support crusader builds since". indeed, since, there is alot of support crusader builds here and there, but none of these builds had the potential to be part of the, mostly because the monks spot is the only viable spot to be replaced by the. thus, i came up with a crusader build able to replace the monk and capable of120+.
after alot of brainstorming i finally found a build that was actually worth to try a few weeks ago. so we made a few tries and cleared115 pretty easily (you can see it here). after some more tests in119/120 and some builds with my mates, hustle and, we felt it was clearly viable and we decided to just do it. our sweet mate who was playing monk switched to crusader and he actually learned the gameplay really fast !
setup used :
et wizard :
support barb :
support : hustle
support crusader :
clear/leaderboards :
clear
leaderboards
some hints :
the consecration + inviolable faith healing has alot of potential so you can compensate some of the toughness loss quite easily (blur passive + ghost trance bbv).
the sweep attack packing is insane for pain enhancer and area damage in high density maps, especially with a static like twister wizard.
theical law is aeat buff along with resolved judgment. though, the problem with judgment is that the buff work on mobs, so the is not that good sadly.
the potential :
we think it can compete with support monk in high end pushing (likely 122+). i can see support crusader and support monk being equally viable in the 4 players, support monk is in my opinion the safe way with no surprise while support crusader is the risky way with opportunities to really shine, more potential. risky, indeed. toughness is not a real issue in most cases but some bad elites can be hard to survive with a crusader. monk is still more consistent for toughness.
why can it be worth it to play crusader? alongside theical law, the main advantage for the heal crusader is gathering sweep. the more density you have, the more the crusader will buff your by sweeping mobs. more mobs into and et range, more et breakpoints, more ad, ad more efficient...
still, it is very hard to quantify the gain from the sweep attack, but playing crusader is a ~5% buff even without sweep attack and with judgment poor taken into account. but, the potential due to sweep attack can theoretically be so insane in « dream maps » that it can justify to drop the monk if you are at your ceiling. in the end, my opinion is that you will have to decide what's best for youroup and what you prefer to play.
note that i'm only talking about the 4 players here. the toughness buffs from monk are likely mandatory in 2 players and 3 players (with the current twister build at least, but the concept of tal is mostly locking the wizard build anyway). but maybe we just didn't think enough about it!
the build :
hero details
diablofans build
how it works :
i gave up the roland (250% attack speed bonus) that i tried back in to get the roland reset with sweep attack) along with the (50% while in and 50% on) instead.
one of the keys of the build is to use the's addendum in the cube weapon slot which gives you prophet rune (150% armor & cheat death proc) and embodiment of power rune (+5 wrath regen) of champion and allows you to take rally rune.
the rally rune is basically all your when you use it. one of the other keys to the build is's awakening that will reset your everytime you block, as with both justice lantern and hold youround passive, you can be block-capped. thus, all of this will allow you to put down alot of consecration very fast and will also allow you to handle your and zodiac ring easily, giving you enough freedom to focus on sweeping mobs.
the gameplay is quite obvious and simple : you have to stack consecration on the floor to get healing, while sweeping mobs wisely (no mindless spam) into the twister range. always use consecration and law just before using rally (which will reset them) in order to enhance your consecration stacking and zodiac ring.
you have to use judgment wisely too, because it roots enemies, you have to figure out the best way to use it : only on the mobs already stacked with gathering sweep into twister range, right before an arcane coe... condemn is still very useful to pack density and sometimes keeping it together but shield glare may likely be a viable option to get 20% damage buff.
it seems to me that the build is pretty strong in its current state and may likely be the bestoup setup while fishing for a dream map in high endgame. the coordination of theoup and the is likely way more difficult to master than with a monk though.
remember that the is never settled in stone and builds from rank 1 guys doesn't mean you are playing the best setup (or the only viable setup). there are so many build-possibilities, so manyoup synergies that maybe nobody thought about yet, that you can't just say "if rank 1 is playing this, it is the best build/setup, no matter what". no.
thus i wanted to thank my mates, hustle and who are very players and always want to try out new builds andoup setups. thanks guys, keep up the good work
<wqw>
ps : a video of the120 clear will be uploaded soon !
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oʊld gɑdz ɪkˈspænʧən kʊd hæv ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˈtaɪtənz, dɛk ˈspɑˌtlaɪt: kənˈtroʊl prist, ðə ˈæŋgri ˈʧɪkən 152 meɪ noʊts, skɪlz ˈtælənts ˈriˌkæp ˈliʤən ˈbeɪtə bɪld 21796 kˈwɑntəm ˈwɔrjərz <wqw*> ˈmænɪʤd tɪ klɪr 120 ɔn ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈsərvər, wɪθ ˈkɛrɪktərz. ʃɛrd səm ˈditeɪlz ɔn haʊ ðeɪ dɪd ɪt ðə ˈdɪfərənsɪz bɪtˈwin ðɛr 4 mæn ˈpɑrti ənd ˈəðər, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈhilɪŋ səˈpɔrt kruˈseɪdər spɛk ðət wɑz juzd. ðə 4 mæn ˈsɛˌtəp juzd baɪ ðɛm wɑz ən ˈɛnərʤi tˈwɪstər ˈwɪzərd əˈlɔŋ wɪθ 3 səˈpɔrt ˈkɛrɪktərz. rɛd bɪˈloʊ fər ɔl ðə ˈditeɪlz. hɛˈloʊ, ðɪs ɪz frəm ðə klæn <wqw*> kˈwɑntəm ˈwɔrjərz ɔn. əm ˈraɪtɪŋ ðɪs poʊst bɪˈkəz aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ʃɛr ɑr klɪr ɔn 1 (ʤɪst dən təˈnaɪt!) wɪθ ju. ju wɪl θɪŋk ðət wi ər ʤɪst səm haɪ ˈpɛrəˌgɑn gaɪz ˈfɪʃɪŋ fər ə gʊd rɪft... bət aɪ ʃɛr ðɪs klɪr wɪθ ju bɪˈkəz ðɪs ɪz nɑt ðə keɪs. wi ˈæˌkʧuəli ˌriˈpleɪst ðə səˈpɔrt məŋk baɪ ə hoʊl nu bɪld ðət əm ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt sɪns (ənd ˈivɪn bæk ɪn ðə hil kruˈseɪdər. ju wɪl seɪ "ˈnəθɪŋ nu, ə lɔt əv ˈpipəl hæv səˈpɔrt kruˈseɪdər bɪldz sɪns ˌɪnˈdid, sɪns ðɛr ɪz əˈlɑt əv səˈpɔrt kruˈseɪdər bɪldz hir ənd ðɛr, bət nən əv ðiz bɪldz hæd ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl tɪ bi pɑrt əv ðə, ˈmoʊstli bɪˈkəz ðə məŋks spɑt ɪz ðə ˈoʊnli ˈvaɪəbəl spɑt tɪ bi ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ðə. ðəs, aɪ keɪm əp wɪθ ə kruˈseɪdər bɪld ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ðə məŋk ənd ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˈæftər əˈlɑt əv ˈbreɪnˌstɔrmɪŋ aɪ ˈfaɪnəli faʊnd ə bɪld ðət wɑz ˈæˌkʧuəli wərθ tɪ traɪ ə fju wiks əˈgoʊ. soʊ wi meɪd ə fju traɪz ənd klɪrd ˈprɪti ˈizəli (ju kən si ɪt hir). ˈæftər səm mɔr tɛsts ɪn ənd səm bɪldz wɪθ maɪ meɪts, ˈhəsəl ənd, wi fɛlt ɪt wɑz ˈklɪrli ˈvaɪəbəl ənd wi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ʤɪst du ɪt. ɑr swit meɪt hu wɑz pleɪɪŋ məŋk swɪʧt tɪ kruˈseɪdər ənd hi ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈlərnɪd ðə ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ ˈrɪli fæst ˈsɛˌtəp juzd ɛt ˈwɪzərd səˈpɔrt bɑrb səˈpɔrt ˈhəsəl səˈpɔrt kruˈseɪdər klɪr səm hɪnts ðə ˌkɑnsəˈkreɪʃən ˌɪnˈvaɪələbəl feɪθ ˈhilɪŋ həz əˈlɑt əv pəˈtɛnʃəl soʊ ju kən ˈkɑmpənˌseɪt səm əv ðə ˈtəfnəs lɔs kwaɪt ˈizəli (blər ˈpæsɪv goʊst træns bbv*). ðə swip əˈtæk ˈpækɪŋ ɪz ˌɪnˈseɪn fər peɪn ɛnˈhænsər ənd ˈɛriə ˈdæmɪʤ ɪn haɪ ˈdɛnsɪti mæps, əˈspɛʃəli wɪθ ə ˈstætɪk laɪk tˈwɪstər ˈwɪzərd. ðə ˈkrɪtɪkəl lɔ ɪz ə greɪt bəf əˈlɔŋ wɪθ riˈzɑlvd ˈʤəʤmənt. ðoʊ, ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ˈʤəʤmənt ɪz ðət ðə bəf wərk ɔn mɑbz, soʊ ðə ɪz nɑt ðət gʊd ˈsædli. ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl wi θɪŋk ɪt kən kəmˈpit wɪθ səˈpɔrt məŋk ɪn haɪ ɛnd ˈpʊʃɪŋ (ˈlaɪkli 122 aɪ kən si səˈpɔrt kruˈseɪdər ənd səˈpɔrt məŋk biɪŋ ˈikwəli ˈvaɪəbəl ɪn ðə 4 pleɪərz, səˈpɔrt məŋk ɪz ɪn maɪ əˈpɪnjən ðə seɪf weɪ wɪθ noʊ səˈpraɪz waɪl səˈpɔrt kruˈseɪdər ɪz ðə ˈrɪski weɪ wɪθ ˌɑpərˈtunətiz tɪ ˈrɪli ʃaɪn, mɔr pəˈtɛnʃəl. ˈrɪski, ˌɪnˈdid. ˈtəfnəs ɪz nɑt ə ril ˈɪʃu ɪn moʊst ˈkeɪsɪz bət səm bæd ɪˈlits kən bi hɑrd tɪ sərˈvaɪv wɪθ ə kruˈseɪdər. məŋk ɪz stɪl mɔr kənˈsɪstənt fər ˈtəfnəs. waɪ kən ɪt bi wərθ ɪt tɪ pleɪ kruˈseɪdər? əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðə ˈkrɪtɪkəl lɔ, ðə meɪn ædˈvæntɪʤ fər ðə hil kruˈseɪdər ɪz ˈgæðərɪŋ swip. ðə mɔr ˈdɛnsɪti ju hæv, ðə mɔr ðə kruˈseɪdər wɪl bəf jʊr baɪ sˈwipɪŋ mɑbz. mɔr mɑbz ˈɪntu ənd ɛt reɪnʤ, mɔr ɛt breakpoints*, mɔr æd, æd mɔr ɪˈfɪʃənt... stɪl, ɪt ɪz ˈvɛri hɑrd tɪ kˈwɑntɪˌfaɪ ðə geɪn frəm ðə swip əˈtæk, bət pleɪɪŋ kruˈseɪdər ɪz ə 5 bəf ˈivɪn wɪˈθaʊt swip əˈtæk ənd wɪθ ˈʤəʤmənt pur ˈteɪkən ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt. bət, ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl du tɪ swip əˈtæk kən ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəli bi soʊ ˌɪnˈseɪn ɪn drim mæps ðət ɪt kən ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ tɪ drɔp ðə məŋk ɪf ju ər æt jʊr ˈsilɪŋ. ɪn ðə ɛnd, maɪ əˈpɪnjən ɪz ðət ju wɪl hæv tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd wəts bɛst fər jʊr grup ənd wət ju prɪˈfər tɪ pleɪ. noʊt ðət əm ˈoʊnli ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə 4 pleɪərz hir. ðə ˈtəfnəs bəfs frəm məŋk ər ˈlaɪkli ˈmændəˌtɔri ɪn 2 pleɪərz ənd 3 pleɪərz (wɪθ ðə ˈkɑrənt tˈwɪstər bɪld æt list, bət ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt əv tɑl ɪz ˈmoʊstli ˈlɑkɪŋ ðə ˈwɪzərd bɪld ˈɛniˌweɪ). bət ˈmeɪbi wi ʤɪst ˈdɪdənt θɪŋk ɪˈnəf əˈbaʊt ɪt! ðə bɪld ˈhɪroʊ ˈditeɪlz bɪld haʊ ɪt wərks aɪ geɪv əp ðə ˈroʊlənd 250 əˈtæk spid ˈboʊnəs) ðət aɪ traɪd bæk ɪn tɪ gɪt ðə ˈroʊlənd ˈrisɛt wɪθ swip əˈtæk) əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə 50 waɪl ɪn ənd 50 ɔn) ˌɪnˈstɛd. wən əv ðə kiz əv ðə bɪld ɪz tɪ juz ðə əˈdɛndəm ɪn ðə kjub ˈwɛpən slɑt wɪʧ gɪvz ju ˈprɑfət run 150 ˈɑrmər ʧit dɛθ proc*) ənd ɛmˈbɑdimənt əv paʊər run 5 ræθ ˈrɛgən) əv ˈʧæmpiən ənd əˈlaʊz ju tɪ teɪk ˈræli run. ðə ˈræli run ɪz ˈbeɪsɪkli ɔl jʊr wɪn ju juz ɪt. wən əv ðə ˈəðər kiz tɪ ðə bɪld ɪz əˈweɪkənɪŋ ðət wɪl ˈrisɛt jʊr ˈɛvriˌtaɪm ju blɑk, ɛz wɪθ boʊθ ˈʤəstɪs ˈlæntərn ənd hoʊld jʊr graʊnd ˈpæsɪv, ju kən bi block-capped*. ðəs, ɔl əv ðɪs wɪl əˈlaʊ ju tɪ pʊt daʊn əˈlɑt əv ˌkɑnsəˈkreɪʃən ˈvɛri fæst ənd wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ əˈlaʊ ju tɪ ˈhændəl jʊr ənd ˈzoʊdiˌæk rɪŋ ˈizəli, ˈgɪvɪŋ ju ɪˈnəf ˈfridəm tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn sˈwipɪŋ mɑbz. ðə ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ ɪz kwaɪt ˈɑbviəs ənd ˈsɪmpəl ju hæv tɪ stæk ˌkɑnsəˈkreɪʃən ɔn ðə flɔr tɪ gɪt ˈhilɪŋ, waɪl sˈwipɪŋ mɑbz ˈwaɪzli (noʊ ˈmaɪndləs spæm) ˈɪntu ðə tˈwɪstər reɪnʤ. ˈɔlˌweɪz juz ˌkɑnsəˈkreɪʃən ənd lɔ ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ˈjuzɪŋ ˈræli (wɪʧ wɪl ˈrisɛt ðɛm) ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ɛnˈhæns jʊr ˌkɑnsəˈkreɪʃən ˈstækɪŋ ənd ˈzoʊdiˌæk rɪŋ. ju hæv tɪ juz ˈʤəʤmənt ˈwaɪzli tu, bɪˈkəz ɪt ruts ˈɛnəmiz, ju hæv tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt ðə bɛst weɪ tɪ juz ɪt ˈoʊnli ɔn ðə mɑbz ɔˈrɛdi stækt wɪθ ˈgæðərɪŋ swip ˈɪntu tˈwɪstər reɪnʤ, raɪt ˌbiˈfɔr ən ˌɑrˈkeɪn koʊ... kənˈdɛm ɪz stɪl ˈvɛri ˈjusfəl tɪ pæk ˈdɛnsɪti ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈkipɪŋ ɪt təˈgɛðər bət ʃild glɛr meɪ ˈlaɪkli bi ə ˈvaɪəbəl ˈɔpʃən tɪ gɪt 20 ˈdæmɪʤ bəf. ɪt simz tɪ mi ðət ðə bɪld ɪz ˈprɪti strɔŋ ɪn ɪts ˈkɑrənt steɪt ənd meɪ ˈlaɪkli bi ðə bɛst grup ˈsɛˌtəp waɪl ˈfɪʃɪŋ fər ə drim mæp ɪn haɪ ˈɛndgeɪm. ðə koʊˌɔrdəˈneɪʃən əv ðə grup ənd ðə ɪz ˈlaɪkli weɪ mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ ˈmæstər ðən wɪθ ə məŋk ðoʊ. rɪˈmɛmbər ðət ðə ɪz ˈnɛvər ˈsɛtəld ɪn stoʊn ənd bɪldz frəm ræŋk 1 gaɪz ˈdəzənt min ju ər pleɪɪŋ ðə bɛst ˈsɛˌtəp (ər ðə ˈoʊnli ˈvaɪəbəl ˈsɛˌtəp). ðɛr ər soʊ ˈmɛni build-possibilities*, soʊ ˈmɛni grup ˈsɪnərʤiz ðət ˈmeɪbi ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi θɔt əˈbaʊt jɛt, ðət ju kænt ʤɪst seɪ "ɪf ræŋk 1 ɪz pleɪɪŋ ðɪs, ɪt ɪz ðə bɛst build/setup*, noʊ ˈmætər wət". noʊ. ðəs aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ θæŋk maɪ meɪts, ˈhəsəl ənd hu ər ˈvɛri pleɪərz ənd ˈɔlˌweɪz wɔnt tɪ traɪ aʊt nu bɪldz ənd grup ˈsɛˌtəps. θæŋks gaɪz, kip əp ðə gʊd wərk <wqw*> ə ˈvɪdioʊ əv ðə klɪr wɪl bi ˈəˌploʊdɪd sun
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google has released motion stills for android, a take on its ios app for turning iphone live photos into smooth for sharing on the web.
google says android fans have wanted an app for sharing smooth ever since it launched motion stills for ios a year ago.
rather than convert a clip into a motion still, android users would take the shot from within the app itself, which processes it for sharing as a looping or a video. like live photos, the clip is three seconds long, though there's no still image in the file.
google has also added a feature called fast forward, which up to a one minute video down to a shorter clip. the playback speed can also be adjusted between to after recording.
motion stills is available on google play for devices running android and up, meaning it supports about 66 percent of all android devices in use today.
google notes the app features an trimming algorithm that prevents pocket shots and camera shakes. it's also redesigned the ios video processing pipeline for video stabilization on android, which uses the device's during playback.
"for this release, we redesigned our existing ios video processing pipeline to use a streaming approach that processes each frame of a video as it is being recorded. by computing intermediate motion metadata, we are able to immediately stabilize the recording while still performing loop optimization over the full sequence. all this leads to instant results after recording -- no waiting required to share your new," google said.
the android version of motion stills arrives ahead ios 11, which introduces live photo editing features that partly overlap with motion stills for ios, such as a loop effect. it will also add long exposure effect, a bounce effect, and the ability to trim the video.
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ˈɪmɪʤ: ˈgugəl həz riˈlist ˈmoʊʃən stɪlz fər ˈænˌdrɔɪd, ə teɪk ɔn ɪts ˈioʊs æp fər ˈtərnɪŋ ˈaɪˌfoʊn lɪv ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ˈɪntu smuð fər ˈʃɛrɪŋ ɔn ðə wɛb. ˈgugəl sɪz ˈænˌdrɔɪd fænz hæv ˈwɔntɪd ən æp fər ˈʃɛrɪŋ smuð ˈɛvər sɪns ɪt lɔnʧt ˈmoʊʃən stɪlz fər ˈioʊs ə jɪr əˈgoʊ. ˈrəðər ðən ˈkɑnvərt ə klɪp ˈɪntu ə ˈmoʊʃən stɪl, ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈjuzərz wʊd teɪk ðə ʃɑt frəm wɪˈθɪn ðə æp ˌɪtˈsɛlf, wɪʧ ˈprɑsɛsəz ɪt fər ˈʃɛrɪŋ ɛz ə ˈlupɪŋ ər ə ˈvɪdioʊ. laɪk lɪv ˈfoʊˌtoʊz, ðə klɪp ɪz θri ˈsɛkəndz lɔŋ, ðoʊ ðɛrz noʊ stɪl ˈɪmɪʤ ɪn ðə faɪl. ˈgugəl həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈædɪd ə ˈfiʧər kɔld fæst ˈfɔrwərd, wɪʧ əp tɪ ə wən ˈmɪnət ˈvɪdioʊ daʊn tɪ ə ˈʃɔrtər klɪp. ðə ˈpleɪˌbæk spid kən ˈɔlsoʊ bi əˈʤəstɪd bɪtˈwin tɪ ˈæftər rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ. ˈmoʊʃən stɪlz ɪz əˈveɪləbəl ɔn ˈgugəl pleɪ fər dɪˈvaɪsɪz ˈrənɪŋ ˈænˌdrɔɪd ənd əp, ˈminɪŋ ɪt səˈpɔrts əˈbaʊt 66 pərˈsɛnt əv ɔl ˈænˌdrɔɪd dɪˈvaɪsɪz ɪn juz təˈdeɪ. ˈgugəl noʊts ðə æp ˈfiʧərz ən ˈtrɪmɪŋ ˈælgərˌɪðəm ðət prɪˈvɛnts ˈpɑkət ʃɑts ənd ˈkæmərə ʃeɪks. ɪts ˈɔlsoʊ ˌridɪˈzaɪnd ðə ˈioʊs ˈvɪdioʊ ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ˈpaɪˌplaɪn fər ˈvɪdioʊ ˌsteɪbələˈzeɪʃən ɔn ˈænˌdrɔɪd, wɪʧ ˈjuzɪz ðə dɪˈvaɪsɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈpleɪˌbæk. "fər ðɪs riˈlis, wi ˌridɪˈzaɪnd ɑr ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈioʊs ˈvɪdioʊ ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ˈpaɪˌplaɪn tɪ juz ə ˈstrimɪŋ əˈproʊʧ ðət ˈprɑsɛsəz iʧ freɪm əv ə ˈvɪdioʊ ɛz ɪt ɪz biɪŋ rɪˈkɔrdɪd. baɪ kəmˈpjutɪŋ ˌɪnərˈmidiɪt ˈmoʊʃən metadata*, wi ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈsteɪbəˌlaɪz ðə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ waɪl stɪl pərˈfɔrmɪŋ lup ɑptɪmɪˈzeɪʃən ˈoʊvər ðə fʊl ˈsikwəns. ɔl ðɪs lidz tɪ ˈɪnstənt rɪˈzəlts ˈæftər rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ noʊ ˈweɪtɪŋ rikˈwaɪərd tɪ ʃɛr jʊr nu," ˈgugəl sɛd. ðə ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈvərʒən əv ˈmoʊʃən stɪlz əraɪvz əˈhɛd ˈioʊs 11 wɪʧ ˌɪntrəˈdusɪz lɪv ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈɛdɪtɪŋ ˈfiʧərz ðət ˈpɑrtli ˈoʊvərˌlæp wɪθ ˈmoʊʃən stɪlz fər ˈioʊs, səʧ ɛz ə lup ˈifɛkt. ɪt wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ æd lɔŋ ɪkˈspoʊʒər ˈifɛkt, ə baʊns ˈifɛkt, ənd ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ trɪm ðə ˈvɪdioʊ.
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ministers have been accused of ignoring a public consultation and ahead with plans that will make their “fitness for work” testing regime even more stressful and unfair for sick and disabled people.
a presentation delivered by two senior department for work and pensions (dwp) civil servants earlier this month suggests that ministers have decided as many disabled activists feared after the publication of last green paper to introduce new benefit sanctions for sick and disabled people with the highest support needs.
the presentation at a “operational stakeholder engagement forum” appears to confirm that the government had decided how it would reform the system of disability benefits before its “consultation” process had finished on 17 february.
the government had claimed that it wanted to make the work capability assessment (wca) less of an ordeal for claimants, with work and pensions secretary damian green telling last conservative party conference he wanted to support those disabled people who cannot work, and “sweep away unnecessary stress and bureaucracy which weighs them down”.
but slides from the presentation appear to show that his new regime will be even harsher, and that many employment and support allowance (esa) claimants with the highest support needs and barriers to work will for the first time face having their benefits sanctioned if they do not with the regime.
the slides show has already begun introducing a compulsory, face-to-face “health and work conversation” (hwc) with a work coach that will apply to nearly all new claimants of, weeks or even months before they go through the process to decide whether they are not fit for work and eligible for the benefit.
the presentation says that “vulnerable” claimants will not have to take part in the face-to-face.
a spokesman has told disability news service (dns) that work coaches will be “issued clear guidance on who will be exempted from the” and “will also be able to defer the if the claimant cannot attend due to temporary circumstances”.
but disabled activists have warned that these decisions will be taken by trained civil servants.
the slides say: “currently staff do not routinely engage with claimants before the work capability assessment (wca) which can take place many months into the claim.
“we know that the start of the claim can be a challenging time for claimants and that the longer a claimant is on benefit, the more difficult it is for them to move into employment where appropriate.
“the health and work conversation (hwc) will provide this early support to claimants.”
the presentation said the which it claimed was with some disabled organisations will draw on “behavioural insight techniques and research” to “develop voluntary action plans” and help claimants “move closer to the workplace”.
and it said that all new claimants would have to sign a new “esa claimant commitment”, which would “set out the expectations and legal requirements that claimants will be required to accept in order to receive”.
it added: “a sanction will be applied for failure to attend or participate in the without good cause. this means a payment will be reduced.”
it also appeared to suggest that work coaches would only receive one day of face-to-face training as well as online training before they begin delivering thes.
tracey lazard, chief executive of inclusion london, said the presentation “confirms our worst fears about the green paper”, that the consultation was “nothing more than a tick box exercise and the had no intention of listening to feedback and reviewing their proposals”.
she said it confirmed that “instead of overhauling the in order to make it fairer and less stressful for claimants, the green paper instead seeks to make applying for even more difficult, with the aim of excluding as many disabled people as possible from entitlement to social security”.
she said: “imposing a mandatory will create an added barrier and undoubtedly cause more harm and distress.”
gail ward, from black triangle, who discovered the presentation slides and passed them to dns, said they showed that “dwp is at play yet again” and that the green paper consultation was “merely a tick box exercise” that will be ignored by.
and she said they showed the government was again using sanctions like a “rod of iron to effect changes”, even though they have been shown as an “ineffective means to get people into work and find them suitable employment”.
joe whittaker, chair of greater manchester coalition of disabled people, said: “the imposition of yet another stage in the already oppressive process to ‘support disabled people into employment’, cynically named a ‘health and work conversation’, is another pernicious attempt to weaken the rights of disabled people.”
he said that conversations “should be based upon mutual respect, honesty and transparency”, whereas the government was “conditioned to treat disabled people in a callous way, making any meaningful conversation impossible”.
gerry zarb, from spectrum centre for independent living, said the impact of thes on disabled people “crucially depends on how they are conducted, and how they are to be used.
“if they are genuinely used as a means of exploring what kind of support people might need to move them closer to work then that would be positive, as some people need all the help they can get.
“however, if the main intention behind the proposals is simply to add to the existing checks on eligibility then the process is much more likely to be detrimental to disabled people.
“at this stage we cannot be sure although fair to say that previous experience with is unlikely to fill most people with optimism.”
caroline richardson, one of the authors of a report on the green paper for the spartacus network of sick and disabled campaigners last month, said the plans show “a total ignorance of the level of sickness or disability that the claimant may be experiencing, and will subsequently lead to huge stress and deprivation at what may be a crisis point in lives”.
the spartacus report accused ministers of using the green paper as a “smokescreen” to disguise their intention to cut support and force sick and disabled people into inappropriate work.
richardson said it seemed “incredible” that the government believed that a trained worker would be able to “triage the most sick and disabled people via a conversation and a fit note, and hence make them subject to sanctions, two months before the claim is assessed under the.
“it is a callous and ignorant process that cannot benefit the claimant, and will significantly harm many more than it helps.”
another disabled activist, rick burgess, said the slide showed the claimant commitment would be similar to the one the government had introduced for the mainstream allowance under the new universal credit system.
he said: “so together withs this is further making as punitive, abusive, and conditional as the system is for well and people.
“as such it will simply harm more people at the time when they are most vulnerable.
“it makes clear the government remains determinedly set on their policy goals without regard to how much damage they do, their consultations are a mockery, their ‘parity of esteem’ a falsehood. these are the politics of democide.”
the new system began with “small-scale ‘test and learn’ activity” in alfreton, chesterfield and tottenhams on 30 january, with “incremental rollout” due to begin in further nationals from today (30 march).
the government plans to lay regulations in parliament this summer to allow it to introduce the new “claimant commitment”.
asked about fears that the new plans would put more health at risk and would make more “punitve” and “abusive”, a spokesman said the was “an opportunity for the individual to get to know their work coach, and hear about the support available to them early in their claim.
“any actions agreed in the conversation will be voluntary and safeguards will be put in place to ensure there are appropriate exemptions from attending the.
“the claimant commitment is a tailored agreement between the individual and the work coach that sets out the expectations and requirements to receive.
“this agreement can be updated if the situation changes.”
he said that work coaches would “receive training to deliver the safely and effectively the conversation will cover a wide range of issues but will not cover subjects requiring medical expertise.
“sanctions are only ever used as a last resort and there will be extensive safeguards in place to ensure individuals are not sanctioned inappropriately.”
he claimed that the and the claimant commitment were not part of the green paper consultation and that the powers to implement them had been introduced in 2008 and 2012 respectively and were “debated extensively at the time”.
he said: “the consultation process for the green paper ended on the 17 february and the feedback is now being considered.”
he also said that claimants subsequently placed in the support group “will not be required to undertake mandatory activity” as part of the.
but he stressed that the was separate to a proposed “keep-in-touch discussion” for those in the support group that is part of the green paper consultation and is “currently under consideration”, and according to the green paper could be a mandatory requirement.
despite the presentation saying that the claimant commitment would set out the “legal requirements that claimants will be required to accept in order to receive”, he said: “any actions agreed in the claimant commitment prior to the will be entirely voluntary.”
he had not confirmed by today (thursday) how both of these statements could be correct.
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ˈmɪnɪstərz hæv bɪn əˈkjuzd əv ˌɪgˈnɔrɪŋ ə ˈpəblɪk ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən ənd əˈhɛd wɪθ plænz ðət wɪl meɪk ðɛr fər work”*” ˈtɛstɪŋ rəˈʒim ˈivɪn mɔr ˈstrɛsfəl ənd ˌɔnˈfɛr fər sɪk ənd dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl. ə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən dɪˈlɪvərd baɪ tu ˈsinjər dɪˈpɑrtmənt fər wərk ənd ˈpɛnʃənz (dwp*) ˈsɪvəl ˈsərvənts ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ səˈʤɛsts ðət ˈmɪnɪstərz hæv ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ɛz ˈmɛni dɪˈseɪbəld ˈæktɪvɪsts fɪrd ˈæftər ðə ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv læst grin ˈpeɪpər tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus nu ˈbɛnəfɪt ˈsæŋkʃənz fər sɪk ənd dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl wɪθ ðə haɪəst səˈpɔrt nidz. ðə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən æt ə ˈsteɪˌkhoʊldər ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt forum”*” əˈpɪrz tɪ kənˈfərm ðət ðə ˈgəvərnmənt hæd ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd haʊ ɪt wʊd rɪˈfɔrm ðə ˈsɪstəm əv ˌdɪsəˈbɪlɪti ˈbɛnəfɪts ˌbiˈfɔr ɪts ““consultation”*” ˈprɔˌsɛs hæd ˈfɪnɪʃt ɔn 17 ˈfɛbruˌɛri. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt hæd kleɪmd ðət ɪt ˈwɔntɪd tɪ meɪk ðə wərk ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti əˈsɛsmənt (wca*) lɛs əv ən ɔrˈdil fər ˈkleɪmənts, wɪθ wərk ənd ˈpɛnʃənz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈdeɪmiən grin ˈtɛlɪŋ læst kənˈsərvətɪv ˈpɑrti ˈkɑnfərəns hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ səˈpɔrt ðoʊz dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl hu ˈkænɑt wərk, ənd əˈweɪ ənˈnɛsəˌsɛri strɛs ənd bjʊˈrɑkrəsi wɪʧ weɪz ðɛm down”*”. bət slaɪdz frəm ðə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən əˈpɪr tɪ ʃoʊ ðət hɪz nu rəˈʒim wɪl bi ˈivɪn ˈhɑrʃər, ənd ðət ˈmɛni ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ənd səˈpɔrt əˈlaʊəns (esa*) ˈkleɪmənts wɪθ ðə haɪəst səˈpɔrt nidz ənd ˈbɛriərz tɪ wərk wɪl fər ðə fərst taɪm feɪs ˈhævɪŋ ðɛr ˈbɛnəfɪts ˈsæŋkʃənd ɪf ðeɪ du nɑt wɪθ ðə rəˈʒim. ðə slaɪdz ʃoʊ həz ɔˈrɛdi ˈbeɪgən ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ ə kəmˈpəlsəri, ˈfeɪstuˈfeɪs ənd wərk conversation”*” (hwc*) wɪθ ə wərk koʊʧ ðət wɪl əˈplaɪ tɪ ˈnɪrli ɔl nu ˈkleɪmənts əv, wiks ər ˈivɪn mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ goʊ θru ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ˈwɛðər ðeɪ ər nɑt fɪt fər wərk ənd ˈɛlɪʤəbəl fər ðə ˈbɛnəfɪt. ðə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən sɪz ðət ““vulnerable”*” ˈkleɪmənts wɪl nɑt hæv tɪ teɪk pɑrt ɪn ðə ˈfeɪstuˈfeɪs. ə ˈspoʊksmən həz toʊld ˌdɪsəˈbɪlɪti nuz ˈsərvɪs (dns*) ðət wərk ˈkoʊʧɪz wɪl bi klɪr ˈgaɪdəns ɔn hu wɪl bi ɪgˈzɛmptɪd frəm ðə hwc”*” ənd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ dɪˈfər ðə ɪf ðə ˈkleɪmənt ˈkænɑt əˈtɛnd du tɪ ˈtɛmpərˌɛri circumstances”*”. bət dɪˈseɪbəld ˈæktɪvɪsts hæv wɔrnd ðət ðiz dɪˈsɪʒənz wɪl bi ˈteɪkən baɪ treɪnd ˈsɪvəl ˈsərvənts. ðə slaɪdz seɪ: stæf du nɑt ruˈtinli ɪnˈgeɪʤ wɪθ ˈkleɪmənts ˌbiˈfɔr ðə wərk ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti əˈsɛsmənt (wca*) wɪʧ kən teɪk pleɪs ˈmɛni mənθs ˈɪntu ðə kleɪm. noʊ ðət ðə stɑrt əv ðə kleɪm kən bi ə ˈʧælənʤɪŋ taɪm fər ˈkleɪmənts ənd ðət ðə ˈlɔŋgər ə ˈkleɪmənt ɪz ɔn ˈbɛnəfɪt, ðə mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt ɪt ɪz fər ðɛm tɪ muv ˈɪntu ɪmˈplɔɪmənt wɛr əˈproʊpriˌeɪt. hɛlθ ənd wərk ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən (hwc*) wɪl prəˈvaɪd ðɪs ˈərli səˈpɔrt tɪ claimants.”*.” ðə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən sɛd ðə wɪʧ ɪt kleɪmd wɑz wɪθ səm dɪˈseɪbəld ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz wɪl drɔ ɔn ˈɪnˌsaɪt tɛkˈniks ənd research”*” tɪ ˈvɑləntɛri ˈækʃən plans”*” ənd hɛlp ˈkleɪmənts ˈkloʊzər tɪ ðə workplace”*”. ənd ɪt sɛd ðət ɔl nu ˈkleɪmənts wʊd hæv tɪ saɪn ə nu ˈkleɪmənt commitment”*”, wɪʧ wʊd aʊt ðə ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz ənd ˈligəl rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ðət ˈkleɪmənts wɪl bi rikˈwaɪərd tɪ əkˈsɛpt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ rɪˈsiv esa”*”. ɪt ˈædɪd: ˈsæŋkʃən wɪl bi əˈplaɪd fər ˈfeɪljər tɪ əˈtɛnd ər pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪn ðə wɪˈθaʊt gʊd kɔz. ðɪs minz ə ˈpeɪmənt wɪl bi reduced.”*.” ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ əˈpɪrd tɪ səˈʤɛst ðət wərk ˈkoʊʧɪz wʊd ˈoʊnli rɪˈsiv wən deɪ əv ˈfeɪstuˈfeɪs ˈtreɪnɪŋ ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ bɪˈgɪn dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ ðə. ˈtreɪsi ləˈzɑrd, ʧif ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv əv ˌɪnˈkluʒən ˈləndən, sɛd ðə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən ɑr wərst fɪrz əˈbaʊt ðə grin paper”*”, ðət ðə ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən wɑz mɔr ðən ə tɪk bɑks ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ənd ðə hæd noʊ ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən əv ˈlɪsənɪŋ tɪ ˈfidˌbæk ənd rivˈjuɪŋ ðɛr proposals”*”. ʃi sɛd ɪt kənˈfərmd ðət əv ˈoʊvərˌhɔlɪŋ ðə ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ meɪk ɪt ˈfɛrər ənd lɛs ˈstrɛsfəl fər ˈkleɪmənts, ðə grin ˈpeɪpər ˌɪnˈstɛd siks tɪ meɪk əˈplaɪɪŋ fər ˈivɪn mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt, wɪθ ðə eɪm əv ɪkˈskludɪŋ ɛz ˈmɛni dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl frəm ɛnˈtaɪtəlmənt tɪ ˈsoʊʃəl security”*”. ʃi sɛd: ə ˈmændəˌtɔri wɪl kriˈeɪt ən ˈædɪd ˈbɛriər ənd ənˈdaʊtɪdli kɔz mɔr hɑrm ənd distress.”*.” geɪl wɔrd, frəm blæk ˈtraɪˌæŋgəl, hu dɪˈskəvərd ðə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən slaɪdz ənd pæst ðɛm tɪ dns*, sɛd ðeɪ ʃoʊd ðət ɪz æt pleɪ jɛt again”*” ənd ðət ðə grin ˈpeɪpər ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən wɑz ə tɪk bɑks exercise”*” ðət wɪl bi ˌɪgˈnɔrd baɪ. ənd ʃi sɛd ðeɪ ʃoʊd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz əˈgɛn ˈjuzɪŋ ˈsæŋkʃənz laɪk ə əv aɪərn tɪ ˈifɛkt changes”*”, ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðeɪ hæv bɪn ʃoʊn ɛz ən minz tɪ gɪt ˈpipəl ˈɪntu wərk ənd faɪnd ðɛm ˈsutəbəl employment”*”. ʤoʊ ˈwɪtəkər, ʧɛr əv ˈgreɪtər ˈmænˌʧɛstər ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən əv dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl, sɛd: ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃən əv jɛt əˈnəðər steɪʤ ɪn ðə ɔˈrɛdi əˈprɛsɪv ˈprɔˌsɛs tɪ dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl ˈɪntu employment’*’, ˈsɪnɪkəli neɪmd ə ənd wərk conversation’*’, ɪz əˈnəðər pərˈnɪʃəs əˈtɛmpt tɪ ˈwikən ðə raɪts əv dɪˈseɪbəld people.”*.” hi sɛd ðət ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz bi beɪst əˈpɑn mˈjuʧuəl rɪˈspɛkt, ˈɑnəsti ənd transparency”*”, wɛˈræz ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz tɪ trit dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl ɪn ə ˈkæləs weɪ, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈɛni ˈminɪŋfəl ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən impossible”*”. ˈʤɛri zɑrb, frəm ˈspɛktrəm ˈsɛntər fər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈlɪvɪŋ, sɛd ðə ˌɪmˈpækt əv ðə ɔn dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl dɪˈpɛndz ɔn haʊ ðeɪ ər kənˈdəktəd, ənd haʊ ðeɪ ər tɪ bi juzd. ðeɪ ər ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪnli juzd ɛz ə minz əv ɪkˈsplɔrɪŋ wət kaɪnd əv səˈpɔrt ˈpipəl maɪt nid tɪ muv ðɛm ˈkloʊzər tɪ wərk ðɛn ðət wʊd bi ˈpɑzətɪv, ɛz səm ˈpipəl nid ɔl ðə hɛlp ðeɪ kən gɪt. ““however*, ɪf ðə meɪn ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən bɪˈhaɪnd ðə prəˈpoʊzəlz ɪz ˈsɪmpli tɪ æd tɪ ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ʧɛks ɔn ˌɛlɪʤəˈbɪlɪti ðɛn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz məʧ mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi ˌdɛtrəˈmɛnəl tɪ dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl. ðɪs steɪʤ wi ˈkænɑt bi ʃʊr ˌɔlˈðoʊ fɛr tɪ seɪ ðət ˈpriviəs ɪkˈspɪriəns wɪθ ɪz ənˈlaɪkli tɪ fɪl moʊst ˈpipəl wɪθ optimism.”*.” ˈkɛrəˌlaɪn ˈrɪʧərdsən, wən əv ðə ˈɔθərz əv ə rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə grin ˈpeɪpər fər ðə ˈspɑrtɑkəs ˈnɛtˌwərk əv sɪk ənd dɪˈseɪbəld kæmˈpeɪnərz læst mənθ, sɛd ðə plænz ʃoʊ ˈtoʊtəl ˈɪgnərəns əv ðə ˈlɛvəl əv ˈsɪknəs ər ˌdɪsəˈbɪlɪti ðət ðə ˈkleɪmənt meɪ bi ɪkˈspɪriənsɪŋ, ənd wɪl ˈsəbsəkwəntli lɛd tɪ juʤ strɛs ənd ˌdɛprəˈveɪʃən æt wət meɪ bi ə ˈkraɪsəs pɔɪnt ɪn lives”*”. ðə ˈspɑrtɑkəs rɪˈpɔrt əˈkjuzd ˈmɪnɪstərz əv ˈjuzɪŋ ðə grin ˈpeɪpər ɛz ə ““smokescreen”*” tɪ dɪsˈgaɪz ðɛr ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən tɪ kət səˈpɔrt ənd fɔrs sɪk ənd dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl ˈɪntu ˌɪnəˈproʊpriɪt wərk. ˈrɪʧərdsən sɛd ɪt simd ““incredible”*” ðət ðə ˈgəvərnmənt bɪˈlivd ðət ə treɪnd ˈwərkər wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ðə moʊst sɪk ənd dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl ˈviə ə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən ənd ə fɪt noʊt, ənd hɛns meɪk ðɛm ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ˈsæŋkʃənz, tu mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr ðə kleɪm ɪz əˈsɛst ˈəndər ðə. ɪz ə ˈkæləs ənd ˈɪgnərənt ˈprɔˌsɛs ðət ˈkænɑt ˈbɛnəfɪt ðə ˈkleɪmənt, ənd wɪl sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli hɑrm ˈmɛni mɔr ðən ɪt helps.”*.” əˈnəðər dɪˈseɪbəld ˈæktɪvɪst, rɪk ˈbərʤəs, sɛd ðə slaɪd ʃoʊd ðə ˈkleɪmənt kəˈmɪtmənt wʊd bi ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðə wən ðə ˈgəvərnmənt hæd ˌɪntrəˈdust fər ðə ˈmeɪnˌstrim əˈlaʊəns ˈəndər ðə nu ˌjunəˈvərsəl ˈkrɛdɪt ˈsɪstəm. hi sɛd: təˈgɛðər wɪθ ðɪs ɪz ˈfərðər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɛz ˈpjunətɪv, əˈbjusɪv, ənd kənˈdɪʃənəl ɛz ðə ˈsɪstəm ɪz fər wɛl ənd ˈpipəl. səʧ ɪt wɪl ˈsɪmpli hɑrm mɔr ˈpipəl æt ðə taɪm wɪn ðeɪ ər moʊst ˈvəlnərəbəl. meɪks klɪr ðə ˈgəvərnmənt rɪˈmeɪnz dəˈtərmənədli sɛt ɔn ðɛr ˈpɑləsi goʊlz wɪˈθaʊt rɪˈgɑrd tɪ haʊ məʧ ˈdæmɪʤ ðeɪ du, ðɛr ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃənz ər ə ˈmɑkəri, ðɛr əv esteem’*’ ə ˈfælsˌhʊd. ðiz ər ðə ˈpɑləˌtɪks əv democide.”*.” ðə nu ˈsɪstəm bɪˈgæn wɪθ ənd learn’*’ activity”*” ɪn alfreton*, ˈʧɛstərˌfild ənd ˈtɑtənˌhæm ɔn 30 ˈʤænjuˌɛri, wɪθ rollout”*” du tɪ bɪˈgɪn ɪn ˈfərðər ˈnæʃənəl frəm təˈdeɪ 30 mɑrʧ). ðə ˈgəvərnmənt plænz tɪ leɪ ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz ɪn ˈpɑrləmɛnt ðɪs ˈsəmər tɪ əˈlaʊ ɪt tɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus ðə nu commitment”*”. æst əˈbaʊt fɪrz ðət ðə nu plænz wʊd pʊt mɔr hɛlθ æt rɪsk ənd wʊd meɪk mɔr ““punitve”*” ənd ““abusive”*”, ə ˈspoʊksmən sɛd ðə wɑz ˌɑpərˈtunəti fər ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl tɪ gɪt tɪ noʊ ðɛr wərk koʊʧ, ənd hir əˈbaʊt ðə səˈpɔrt əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ðɛm ˈərli ɪn ðɛr kleɪm. ˈækʃənz əˈgrid ɪn ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪl bi ˈvɑləntɛri ənd ˈseɪfˌgɑrdz wɪl bi pʊt ɪn pleɪs tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðɛr ər əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ɪgˈzɛmpʃənz frəm əˈtɛndɪŋ ðə. ˈkleɪmənt kəˈmɪtmənt ɪz ə ˈteɪlərd əˈgrimənt bɪtˈwin ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ənd ðə wərk koʊʧ ðət sɛts aʊt ðə ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz ənd rɪkˈwaɪrmənts tɪ rɪˈsiv. əˈgrimənt kən bi ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ɪf ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən changes.”*.” hi sɛd ðət wərk ˈkoʊʧɪz wʊd ˈtreɪnɪŋ tɪ dɪˈlɪvər ðə ˈseɪfli ənd ˈifɛktɪvli ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪl ˈkəvər ə waɪd reɪnʤ əv ˈɪʃuz bət wɪl nɑt ˈkəvər ˈsəbʤɪkts rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɛkspərˈtiz. ər ˈoʊnli ˈɛvər juzd ɛz ə læst rɪˈzɔrt ənd ðɛr wɪl bi ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ˈseɪfˌgɑrdz ɪn pleɪs tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ər nɑt ˈsæŋkʃənd inappropriately.”*.” hi kleɪmd ðət ðə ənd ðə ˈkleɪmənt kəˈmɪtmənt wər nɑt pɑrt əv ðə grin ˈpeɪpər ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən ənd ðət ðə paʊərz tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ðɛm hæd bɪn ˌɪntrəˈdust ɪn 2008 ənd 2012 rɪˈspɛktɪvli ənd wər ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli æt ðə time”*”. hi sɛd: ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs fər ðə grin ˈpeɪpər ˈɛndɪd ɔn ðə 17 ˈfɛbruˌɛri ənd ðə ˈfidˌbæk ɪz naʊ biɪŋ considered.”*.” hi ˈɔlsoʊ sɛd ðət ˈkleɪmənts ˈsəbsəkwəntli pleɪst ɪn ðə səˈpɔrt grup nɑt bi rikˈwaɪərd tɪ ˈəndərˌteɪk ˈmændəˌtɔri activity”*” ɛz pɑrt əv ðə. bət hi strɛst ðət ðə wɑz ˈsɛpərˌeɪt tɪ ə prəˈpoʊzd discussion”*” fər ðoʊz ɪn ðə səˈpɔrt grup ðət ɪz pɑrt əv ðə grin ˈpeɪpər ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən ənd ɪz ˈəndər consideration”*”, ənd əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə grin ˈpeɪpər kʊd bi ə ˈmændəˌtɔri rɪkˈwaɪrmənt. dɪˈspaɪt ðə ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən seɪɪŋ ðət ðə ˈkleɪmənt kəˈmɪtmənt wʊd sɛt aʊt ðə rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ðət ˈkleɪmənts wɪl bi rikˈwaɪərd tɪ əkˈsɛpt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ rɪˈsiv esa”*”, hi sɛd: ˈækʃənz əˈgrid ɪn ðə ˈkleɪmənt kəˈmɪtmənt praɪər tɪ ðə wɪl bi ɪnˈtaɪərli voluntary.”*.” hi hæd nɑt kənˈfərmd baɪ təˈdeɪ (ˈθərzˌdeɪ) haʊ boʊθ əv ðiz ˈsteɪtmənts kʊd bi kərˈɛkt.
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a proposed silk road high-speed railway. [li daily]
china's railway authority has proposed a silk road high-speed railway connecting the country's northwest region to west asia via central asia, a plan it said would overcome the connectivity problem of different rail standards.
he huawu, chief engineer of china railway corp, put forward the proposal at a thursday forum on the one belt, one road initiative hosted by china civil engineering society.
his proposed route was from china's and to almaty in kazakhstan, then to in kyrgyzstan, tashkent and samarkand in uzbekistan, in turkmenistan and finally blending into west asia's network through teheran, iran.
the line would be complementary to the existing railway network in central asian nations, which mostly run southeast to northwest toward moscow, he said. what's more important, it could get rid of the incompatibility between this region's track systems and china's system.
for years, the track standard adopted in central asia has been a headache for logistics managers because it is not based on the meter standard track adopted in china and most other parts of the world. changing gauges at the border takes days for cargo and significantly cuts railway competitiveness against shipping by sea.
it is unlikely now to persuade those countries to change their existing railways, he said, but the high-speed rail he envisions along the new route would connect seamlessly to china's network and other regions. that's because the worldwide standard for fast rail is the meter variety, so a new line could be built based on it.
"the station bordering kazakhstan last year handled less than 17 million metric tons of cargo running at full capacity, but beyond the station, the annual cargo transportation capacity is 100 million tons," he said.
the bottleneck undermined the idea of a corridor.
"increased container traffic and sea container traffic moved by land instead could justify the cost of building the line," he said.
according to he, container trains and passenger trains could run on the same route. the only difference would be speed. a passenger train could run at 250 to 300 kilometers per hour, while a container train could run at 120 km/h.
other experts cautioned that an asian railway link has been under discussion for a long time and has not materialized mainly because of various geopolitical concerns of the countries alone the route.
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ə prəˈpoʊzd sɪlk roʊd ˈhaɪˌspid ˈreɪlˌweɪ. [li ˈdeɪli] ˈʧaɪnəz ˈreɪlˌweɪ əˈθɔrəti həz prəˈpoʊzd ə sɪlk roʊd ˈhaɪˌspid ˈreɪlˌweɪ kəˈnɛktɪŋ ðə ˈkəntriz ˌnɔrθˈwɛst ˈriʤən tɪ wɛst ˈeɪʒə ˈviə ˈsɛntrəl ˈeɪʒə, ə plæn ɪt sɛd wʊd ˈoʊvərˌkəm ðə kənɛkˈtɪvɪti ˈprɑbləm əv ˈdɪfərənt reɪl ˈstændərdz. hi huawu*, ʧif ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr əv ˈʧaɪnə ˈreɪlˌweɪ ˈkɔrpərˈeɪʃən, pʊt ˈfɔrwərd ðə prəˈpoʊzəl æt ə ˈθərzˌdeɪ ˈfɔrəm ɔn ðə wən bɛlt, wən roʊd ˌɪˈnɪʃətɪv ˈhoʊstɪd baɪ ˈʧaɪnə ˈsɪvəl ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ soʊˈsaɪɪti. hɪz prəˈpoʊzd rut wɑz frəm ˈʧaɪnəz ənd tɪ ˌɑˈmɑˌti ɪn ˌkɑzɑkˈstɑn, ðɛn tɪ ɪn ˌkɪrˈgiˌstɑn, ˌtæʃˈkɛnt ənd ˈsæmɑrˌkænd ɪn uzˈbɛkɪˌstæn, ɪn ˌtərkˈmɛnɪˌstæn ənd ˈfaɪnəli ˈblɛndɪŋ ˈɪntu wɛst ˈeɪʒəz ˈnɛtˌwərk θru ˌtɛhərˈɑn, ˌɪˈrɑn. ðə laɪn wʊd bi ˌkɑmpləˈmɛnʧi tɪ ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈreɪlˌweɪ ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪn ˈsɛntrəl ˈeɪʒən ˈneɪʃənz, wɪʧ ˈmoʊstli rən ˌsaʊˈθist tɪ ˌnɔrθˈwɛst təˈwɔrd ˈmɔˌskaʊ, hi sɛd. wəts mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, ɪt kʊd gɪt rɪd əv ðə ˌɪnˌkɑmpətɪˈbɪlɪti bɪtˈwin ðɪs ˈriʤənz træk ˈsɪstəmz ənd ˈʧaɪnəz ˈsɪstəm. fər jɪrz, ðə træk ˈstændərd əˈdɑptəd ɪn ˈsɛntrəl ˈeɪʒə həz bɪn ə ˈhɛˌdeɪk fər ləˈʤɪstɪks ˈmænɪʤərz bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz nɑt beɪst ɔn ðə ˈmitər ˈstændərd træk əˈdɑptəd ɪn ˈʧaɪnə ənd moʊst ˈəðər pɑrts əv ðə wərld. ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ˈgeɪʤɪz æt ðə ˈbɔrdər teɪks deɪz fər ˈkɑrˌgoʊ ənd sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli kəts ˈreɪlˌweɪ kəmˈpɛtɪtɪvnɪs əˈgɛnst ˈʃɪpɪŋ baɪ si. ɪt ɪz ənˈlaɪkli naʊ tɪ pərsˈweɪd ðoʊz ˈkəntriz tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðɛr ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈreɪlˌweɪz, hi sɛd, bət ðə ˈhaɪˌspid reɪl hi ɛnˈvɪʒənz əˈlɔŋ ðə nu rut wʊd kəˈnɛkt ˈsimləsli tɪ ˈʧaɪnəz ˈnɛtˌwərk ənd ˈəðər ˈriʤənz. ðæts bɪˈkəz ðə ˈwərldˈwaɪd ˈstændərd fər fæst reɪl ɪz ðə ˈmitər vərˈaɪəti, soʊ ə nu laɪn kʊd bi bɪlt beɪst ɔn ɪt. "ðə ˈsteɪʃən ˈbɔrdərɪŋ ˌkɑzɑkˈstɑn læst jɪr ˈhændəld lɛs ðən 17 ˈmɪljən ˈmɛtrɪk tənz əv ˈkɑrˌgoʊ ˈrənɪŋ æt fʊl kəˈpæsɪti, bət bɪɔnd ðə ˈsteɪʃən, ðə ˈænjuəl ˈkɑrˌgoʊ ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən kəˈpæsɪti ɪz 100 ˈmɪljən tənz," hi sɛd. ðə ˈbɑtəlˌnɛk ˌəndərˈmaɪnd ðə aɪˈdiə əv ə ˈkɔrɪdər. "ˌɪnˈkrist kənˈteɪnər ˈtræfɪk ənd si kənˈteɪnər ˈtræfɪk muvd baɪ lænd ˌɪnˈstɛd kʊd ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ðə kɔst əv ˈbɪldɪŋ ðə laɪn," hi sɛd. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ hi, kənˈteɪnər treɪnz ənd ˈpæsənʤər treɪnz kʊd rən ɔn ðə seɪm rut. ðə ˈoʊnli ˈdɪfərəns wʊd bi spid. ə ˈpæsənʤər treɪn kʊd rən æt 250 tɪ 300 ˈkɪləˌmitərz pər aʊər, waɪl ə kənˈteɪnər treɪn kʊd rən æt 120 km/h*. ˈəðər ˈɛkspərts ˈkɔʃənd ðət ən ˈeɪʒən ˈreɪlˌweɪ lɪŋk həz bɪn ˈəndər dɪˈskəʃən fər ə lɔŋ taɪm ənd həz nɑt məˈtɪriəˌlaɪzd ˈmeɪnli bɪˈkəz əv ˈvɛriəs ˌʤioʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl kənˈsərnz əv ðə ˈkəntriz əˈloʊn ðə rut.
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this story appears in the march 2017 issue of national geographic magazine.
a cold drizzle falls as we shiver in the streets, waiting for the viking lord and his band of raiders to appear. a raw january night in the old shetland town of lerwick, but euphoria in the air.
beside me, a man with two young children laughs as he spots a red smoky haze rising behind the town hall. “looks like they torched the whole building,” he shouts, to grins all around. fire, after all, is why we are here. up aa, the great incendiary celebration of the viking past in shetland. like everyone else, come to see a viking ship burn.
as the squad and dozens of others pour into the street, fire from hundreds of torches. a roar of delight goes up from the crowd as it catches sight of the sleek the raiders tow. the vikings first landed on these rocky shores north of the scottish mainland some years ago, crushing the local resistance and taking the land. for nearly seven centuries norwegian lords ruled shetland, until they finally pawned the islands to a scottish king. today the old norse all but forgotten in shetland, but the islanders remain intensely proud of their viking past. each year they prepare obsessively for up aa, assembling, plank by plank, a replica of a viking ship.
view images bristling with spears and swords, viking and slav face off in a mock battle during a festival in wolin, poland. what began as small raiding parties early in the viking age grew into armies that conquered large of europe. photograph by david
now, as the crowd belts out old songs of sea kings and dragon ships, the tow the vessel into a walled field. as the lord gives the signal, a hail of torches sets the ship ablaze. fire races up the mast, and embers fly into the night sky. on the sidewalk, children stomp their feet and dance, nearly delirious with excitement.
later that evening, as revelers kick up their heels at parties, i marvel at the power the vikings still hold over our imaginations. dead and gone for centuries, these medieval seafarers and warriors live on in the invented worlds of filmmakers, novelists, and comic book artists. today most of us can reel off details of these imagined they fought and feasted, where they lived, how they died. but how much do we really know about the vikings? who were they, how did they see the world, and what were their lives truly like?
now, with advanced satellite imagery to dna studies and isotope and other scientists are coming up with many surprising new answers. in estonia, scientists are poring over two buried ships filled with slain warriors, shedding new light on the violent origins of the vikings. in sweden, researchers are studying the remains of a female viking commander, illuminating the role of women in warfare. and in russia, archaeologists and historians are tracing the routes of viking slave traders, revealing the importance of slavery to the viking economy. for archaeologists the doors are starting to swing open on a world that was far more complex and compelling than once thought. “these are heady times in viking research,” says jimmy moncrieff, a historian at the shetland amenity trust in lerwick.
view images warfare the exclusive domain of viking men. this sword was buried with a female leader. photograph by gabriel hildebrand
swedish history by (sword, in two pieces)
taken together, the new studies reveal a fresh picture of the ambitions and cultural impact of these daring seafarers. from the shores of their scandinavian homeland, between the baltic and north seas, viking fortune seekers took to the world stage in the century, exploring much of europe over the next 300 years and traveling farther than earlier researchers ever suspected. with sleek sailing ships and expert knowledge of rivers and seas, they journeyed to what are now 37 or more countries, from afghanistan to canada, according to archaeologist neil price of university in sweden. en route they upon more than 50 cultures and traded avidly for luxuries. they donned eurasian caftans, dressed in silk from china, and pocketed heaps of islamic silver coins. they built thriving cities at york and kiev, colonized large of great britain, iceland, and france, and established outposts in greenland and north america. no other european seafarers of the day ventured so and so far from their homeland. “it’s only the people from scandinavia who do this,” says price. “just the vikings.”
360° video: viking and slav face off in an epic battle charge into the fray of an epic viking battle with over 600 hardcore armed with swords and axes. more than a mere blood sport, the climax of the wolin viking festival in poland is a mecca for “experimental archaeology."
but exploration and trade the only roads to wealth. viking raiders the coasts of britain and europe, striking with sudden, shocking brutality. in northern france they sailed up and down the seine and other rivers, attacking at leisure and filling their ships with plunder. spreading terror far and wide, they extorted nearly 14 percent of the entire economy of western carolingian empire in exchange for empty promises of peace. across the channel in england, sporadic raids expanded into total warfare, as a viking army invaded and conquered three kingdoms, leaving bodies to rot in the fields.
the viking age, says price, “is not for the squeamish.” but how, ask researchers today, did all this mayhem begin? how and why did medieval farmers in scandinavia become the scourge of the european continent?
in the nearly three centuries before the raids on foreign shores began around a.d. 750, scandinavia was wracked by turmoil, price says. more than three dozen petty kingdoms arose during this period, throwing up chains of hill forts and vying for power and territory. in the midst of these troubled times, catastrophe struck. a vast cloud of dust, likely blasted into the atmosphere by a combination of or smashing into earth, as well as the eruption of at least one large the sun beginning in a.d. 536, lowering summer temperatures in the northern hemisphere for the next 14 years. the extended cold and darkness brought death and ruin to scandinavia, lying as it did along the northern edge of medieval agriculture. in region, for example, nearly 75 percent of villages were abandoned, as residents succumbed to starvation and fighting.
view images historical interpreters bring a reconstructed longhouse to life at the viking center in denmark. meals were cooked over an open fire on a hearth, and viking fare included salted herring, barley porridge, and boiled sheep heads. photograph by david
so dire was this disaster that it seems to have given birth to one of the darkest of all world nordic legend of, the end of creation and the final battle, in which all gods, all supernatural beings, and all humans and other living creatures die. was said to begin with fimbulwinter, a deadly time when the sun turns black and the weather turns bitter and that eerily parallel the dust veil that began in 536, price says.
when summer at last returned to the north and populations rebounded, scandinavian society assumed a new, more truculent form. leaders surrounded themselves with heavily armed war bands and began seizing and defending abandoned territory. in this real-life game of thrones, a militarized society arose in which men and women alike celebrated the virtues of warfare—fearlessness, aggression, cunning, strength under fire. on the swedish island of gotland, where archaeologists have found many intact graves from this period, “almost every second man seems to be buried with weapons,” notes john ljungkvist, an archaeologist at university.
as this society was gradually taking shape, a new technology began revolutionizing scandinavian in the seventh sail. skilled carpenters began constructing sleek, vessels capable of carrying bands of armed fighters farther and faster than ever before. aboard these ships, northern lords and their restless followers could voyage across the baltic and north seas, exploring new lands, sacking towns and villages, and inhabitants. and men with few marriage prospects at home could take female captives as wives by persuasion or force.
all of of kingly ambition, a seeming abundance of young warriors, and a new type of a perfect storm. the stage was set for the vikings to pour out of the north, setting much of europe on fire with their brand of violence.
view images sleek wooden vessels like the ship were key to the success of viking traders and raiders. unearthed in 1880 from a burial, the ship was powered by sail and 32 oarsmen. photograph by robert clark
photographed at viking ship museum, museum of cultural history, university of oslo
around 750 a band of early viking warriors dragged two ships onto a sandy on the island of saaremaa, just off the coast of estonia. far from their homes in the forests near, sweden, the men were the bloodied survivors of a costly raid. inside their ships lay the tangled corpses of more than 40 viking men, including one who may have been a king. all were in their youth or prime of life—tall, muscular, strapping many had seen savage fighting. some had been stabbed or hacked to death, others decapitated. one man died after a sword took off the top of his head.
on the sandy the survivors began the gruesome task of severed body parts and arranging most of the dead men in the hull of the largest ship. then they covered the bodies with cloth and raised a low, makeshift burial mound by placing their wood and iron war shields over their slain comrades.
view images in poland don armor in preparation for close combat. the vikings lived up to their violent reputation: from an early age scandinavian boys were trained for battle and socially conditioned for bloodshed. photograph by david
in 2008 a work crew laying an electrical cable discovered human bones and bits of a corroded sword, and local authorities called in archaeologists. today, sitting in his office at university, price marvels at the discovery. “this is the first time that archaeologists have ever been able to excavate what is clearly a viking raid,” he says. more remarkable: the warriors laid to rest at, estonia, died nearly 50 years before scandinavian raiders descended on the english monastery of in 793, long thought to have been the first viking attack.
today the ship burials at are creating a stir among viking specialists. “what i find amazing is all the swords,” price says. most researchers had long assumed that early viking raiding parties consisted of a few elite warriors armed with swords and other costly war gear, as well as a few dozen poor farm boys furnished with cheap spears or longbows. but clearly not the case at. the burials there contained more swords than men, confirming that at least some early expeditions consisted of many warriors of high status.
view images the ruins of a viking longhouse in the shetland islands recall a proud past. after defeating the local people, viking raiders took finest lands for their own. they brought norse laws with them and ruled for nearly 700 years, until a scottish king claimed the archipelago. photograph by robert clark
on a january morning in a quiet industrial park south of edinburgh, scotland, researchers lead the way through locked doors to a small conservation lab. for more than a year, scientists here have been unpacking the riches that one viking leader amassed from raiding and ransacking in foreign lands. buried some years ago in southwest scotland, the galloway hoard is a collection of strange and beautiful things, from a ingot to pieces of silk cloth from the byzantine or islamic world to an enameled christian cross. owen, an independent archaeologist who specializes in the viking age, says never seen anything quite like it. “it’s an incredible find,” she says, “just incredible.”
today a conservator has laid out some of the rarities from the hoard. on the table a slender gold pin shaped like a bird. it resembles an aestel, a small pointer that bishops and other members of the clergy once used to read sacred texts. nearby is a gold filigree pendant, possibly designed to hold a small relic of a saint. and, at the end of the table, owen gazes at nine silver, some bearing swirling and mythical creatures, others strange faces. all but one, says owen, were designed for wearers. “in other words,” she concludes, “some monastery or settlement had a very bad day.”
the viking leader who carried off these treasures had a weakness for beautiful things. rather than melting down all the plunder into bullion, this viking lord set aside several pieces for his personal collection of exotic, foreign art. the vikings, says archaeologist steve ashby with the university of york, had a taste for finer things from foreign cultures, and some elites took pleasure in owning and using these status symbols. “the top men, they were dandies,” says ashby. “it’s a society in which conspicuous consumption is important.”
a fearsome fleet watch vikings build ships and raid lands in this sweeping tale of viking history handcrafted entirely from paper. then learn the intimate secrets of viking shipbuilding in this expansive graphic.
more johnny depp than vin diesel, viking leaders painted their eyes, pulled on flashy colored clothing, and donned heavy rings, dress pins, armbands, and finger rings. but this dress for excess had a serious purpose: each object told a story of foreign adventure, of recklessness and courage rewarded. fitted out in the spoils of war, a viking was a living recruitment poster for the raiding life, beckoning young men to take an oath of loyalty in return for a share of booty. “viking leaders be bashful about what they achieved, if they wanted to maintain a power base,” ashby says.
at the start of the viking age, these raiders targeted mainly coastal or island monasteries—armed, it seems, with advance intelligence. scandinavian traders were already plying the coasts of britain and europe, and they quickly discovered that the markets typically were held next to monasteries. strolling past stalls and sizing up the goods, some would have spotted the silver and gold altar furniture adorning monastic chapels. “i think it requires mental leaping to think someone who finally says, ‘guys, why we just nick the stuff?’ says price.
early raiding parties planned their attacks for the summer months, and they often set out with just a few ships and perhaps a hundred fighters. bristling with iron weaponry, the raiders struck rapidly and went about the carnage swiftly, setting sail before locals could mount a defense. in france, in the ninth century alone, viking raiders stormed more than 120 settlements, massacring monks and local inhabitants, stripping churches of their treasures, and the survivors. “if you lived in northwest france in the late ninth century,” price says, “you must have thought your world was ending.”
as rivers of precious metals flowed back to scandinavia, young men flocked to the great halls of viking leaders, eager to swear their loyalty. what began as small raiding forays of two or three ships gradually evolved into fleets of 30 vessels, then many more. according to the chronicle, a contemporary annal, hundreds of viking ships arrived along the east coast of england in 865, carrying a ravenous host that the chronicle writers called here, the great army. pushing inland along rivers and roads, these invaders began smashing kingdoms and seizing large of land to colonize.
just outside the modern city of lincoln, archaeologist julian d. richards from the university of york is studying one of the winter camps of the great army. the encampment, known as today, was large enough to accommodate to people, but discoveries there indicate that the great army was more than a fighting force. melted down plunder, and merchants conducted trade. children raced through the muddy fields, and women went about their may have included leading men in battle in some parts of the viking world.
one famous early irish text records how a woman known as red girl, after the color of her a fleet of viking ships to ireland in the century. anna of stockholm university recently reanalyzed the skeletal remains of a viking fighter found in the old trading center of birka, in sweden. mourners had furnished the grave with an arsenal of deadly weapons, and for decades archaeologists assumed that the elite fighter was male. but while studying the pelvic bones and mandible, discovered that the man was in fact a woman.
this nameless viking woman seems to have commanded the respect of many viking warriors. “on her lap she had gaming pieces,” says archaeologist charlotte of university. “this suggests that she was the one planning the tactics and that she was a leader.”
view images camping under canvas as viking armies once did, participants at the slav and viking festival in poland tend to be for authenticity. many adorn their bodies with tattoos, and some adopt a viking diet, slaughtering and roasting game. photograph by david
view images along the river in poland, bystanders watch a replica viking ship navigate the currents on a summer afternoon. photograph by david
the fleets that carried death and destruction to western europe also transported slaves and commodities to markets scattered from turkey to western russia, and possibly iran. medieval arab and byzantine officials described convoys of armed viking and merchants known as the rus who regularly voyaged along river routes to the black and caspian seas. “i have never seen more perfect than theirs,” observed ahmad ibn fadlan, a-century arab soldier and diplomat from baghdad. “every one of them carries an ax, a sword, and a dagger.”
to shed light on this southern trade, archaeologists are now excavating sites along the routes to the byzantine and muslim worlds. on a late june morning some 230 miles southwest of moscow, murasheva, an archaeologist at the state historical museum in moscow, walks the bank of the river where a small medieval city once stood. founded by viking explorers more than years ago, lay along two major trade, which flows into the black sea, and a skein of streams that sweeps into the volga river, whose waters empty into the caspian sea. clearly profited from this geography, flourishing and eventually sprawling over an area the size of 30 city blocks.
today is in forest and grassland, but over the past century and a half, russian archaeologists have uncovered hill forts, hoards, caches, workshops, a harbor, and nearly burial mounds that have produced rich artifacts., they discovered, was home to a wealthy viking elite who collected tribute from the local slavic population and who likely managed aspects of the southern commerce. each year, after the spring thaw, viking traders set off from in ships laden with luxury goods—furs, honey, beeswax, chunks of amber, walrus cargoes of human slaves. many, says murasheva, were bound for the black sea and constantinople, the capital of the byzantine empire and a city of more than people at the time. in the heat and dust viking traders wandered the markets, striking deals for their cargo and buying prized commodities: amphorae filled with wine and olive oil, fine glassware, colorful glazed plates, swatches of silk and other rare textiles.
view images concealed in iron helmets, chain mail, and leather cuirasses, viking make a formidable impression, revealing how these ancient raiders stirred such terror in their victims. photographs by david
other viking traders ventured farther east from, following streams that across western russia into the volga. in bazaars along the river and around the caspian sea, muslim buyers paid handsomely for foreign slaves, since the forbade believers from owning freeborn muslims. the eastern buyers settled their bills with heaps of silver coins known as dirhams, a key source of wealth in the viking world.
by searching archaeological reports and databases, marek jankowiak, a medieval historian at oxford university, has found records of more than a thousand hoards of dirhams that viking traders and others buried across europe. based on an initial analysis, jankowiak estimates that viking could have sold tens of thousands of eastern european, mostly slavic, captives into bondage in the century alone, earning millions of silver immense fortune at the time. in the viking world, where lords regularly rewarded their fighting men with gifts of silver, the road south was the road to power.
view images at a wedding ceremony held at a festival in poland, a celebrant plays a replica of an ancient scandinavian horn. photograph by david
in the halls of the norse lords, storytellers also described early voyages to the west. gazing around at those assembled, they told the tale of a trader,, who lost his way in thick fog while sailing from iceland to greenland. when the mist finally lifted, and his men spied a new land that bore little resemblance to greenland. it was blanketed in forest, but had little interest in exploring it, so he angled his ship out to sea. the lost viking had reached the new world by first european, it seems, to lay eyes on its shores. it was the beginning of viking voyages to north america.
today few feats of viking seafarers are so cloaked in mystery and controversy as their exploration of the new world. according to the norse sagas, viking mariners sailed westward from greenland in four major expeditions, searching for timber and other resources. scouting along the northeast coast of canada as early as 985, they wintered in small base camps, cut timber, picked wild grapes in a place they called vinland, gave birth, and traded and fought with the indigenous people.
in 1960 a famous norwegian explorer, ingstad, went looking for these viking camps. along northern tip, at a place known as aux meadows, a local landowner led him to several hills whose contours resembled longhouses. nearby lay a peat bog that contained bog iron, a source of iron ore prized by vikings. excavations revealed three large viking halls, some huts, a furnace for processing bog iron, and from a type of tree that grows hundreds of miles farther south. taken together, the discoveries and saga clues strongly suggested that viking explorers not only had landed in newfoundland but also had ventured farther south into the gulf of st. lawrence.
view images standing proud in mail and helmet, archaeologist and viking andrew nicholson has conducted experiments with viking weapons. in combat, he says, the battle axes could reach speeds of 110 miles an hour at the point of impact. photograph by robert clark
view images some viking warriors valued the treasures they stole for their as coveted status symbols. these (top) and this gold, pin (above) were discovered in a hoard buried by a wealthy viking in scotland. photographs by robert clark
with permission of historic environment scotland
more recently a canadian archaeologist turned up traces of viking traders in the canadian arctic. patricia sutherland, an adjunct professor at carleton university in ottawa, was searching through old collections at the canadian museum of history near ottawa when she discovered pieces of viking yarn. spun by skilled weavers, the yarn came from sites inhabited by the dorset, a people who lived in the arctic until the century. “i thought it just be,” sutherland says, so she expanded her museum search and discovered a trove of viking artifacts, from for sharpening metal knives to tally sticks for tracking trade transactions.
the most intriguing find was a small stone vessel that looked like a crucible for melting metal. sutherland and a small team recently took a closer look using a scanning electron microscope. along the inner surface they detected traces of bronze, as well as tiny glass spheres that form when minerals are melted at high evidence of metalworking. sutherland thinks that viking seafarers from greenland voyaged to the canadian arctic to trade with indigenous hunters, exchanging metal knives and hones for thick furs and walrus goods for european markets.
tracking down other viking expeditions mentioned in the sagas, however, remains a big challenge. to locate potential sites, archaeologists must comb thousands of miles of remote coastline. so three years ago archaeologist sarah of the university of alabama at birmingham decided to try a new approach.
view images still standing a thousand years after it was raised, the rune stone at in sweden commemorates the love of a viking father for his son, heden. the young fate is unknown, but like many young vikings of his time, he may have immigrated to a viking colony in eastern or western europe. photograph by robert clark
parcak, a national geographic fellow, specializes in using imagery from orbiting satellites to detect potential archaeological sites. in a test run in iceland, she and her colleagues detected what appeared to be turf walls. when archaeologist douglas bolender of the university of massachusetts boston went to investigate the area, he discovered buried remnants of turf buildings and a turf wall only six inches where suggested. “this is astounding,” he marvels, “the tiny remains of a buried turf wall identified from 770 kilometers in space.”
buoyed by this success, and her team began poring over satellite imagery of atlantic canada. in southwestern newfoundland they spotted clusters of what looked like turf walls on a known as point. overlooking the gulf of st. lawrence, point lies along a sea route to lands of trees and wild grapes. and like aux meadows, it adjoins a large peat bog where viking seafarers could have collected iron ore.
during a small excavation in 2015, and her colleagues found what looked like a turf wall, as well as a large hollow where someone seemed to have collected bog ore for first step in producing iron. but a larger excavation last summer cast serious doubt on those interpretations, suggesting that the turf wall and accumulation of bog ore were the results of natural processes. today is waiting for additional test results to clarify the picture.
parcak thinks, however, that she and her team are developing a scientifically rigorous way to seek viking sites in north america. her colleague karen, an archaeologist at the university of aberdeen, agrees. “looking for the norse here is like looking for a needle in a haystack,” says. satellite imagery is one of the best ways to go, she adds, “and sarah is defining that best approach.”
on a blustery winter day, i catch a cab to airport. the morning after up aa, and few are awake after the long night of revelry. the swords and helmets are put away, and the children are sleeping, dreaming of sea kings. the wooden, the pride of the lord, is now ashes in the field.
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ðɪs ˈstɔri əˈpɪrz ɪn ðə mɑrʧ 2017 ˈɪʃu əv ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk ˈmægəˌzin. ə koʊld ˈdrɪzəl fɔlz ɛz wi ˈʃɪvər ɪn ðə strits, ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ lɔrd ənd hɪz bænd əv ˈreɪdərz tɪ əˈpɪr. ə rɑ ˈʤænjuˌɛri naɪt ɪn ðə oʊld ˈʃɛtlənd taʊn əv lerwick*, bət juˈfɔriə ɪn ðə ɛr. ˌbiˈsaɪd mi, ə mæn wɪθ tu jəŋ ˈʧɪldrən læfs ɛz hi spɑts ə rɛd sˈmoʊki heɪz ˈraɪzɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ðə taʊn hɔl. laɪk ðeɪ tɔrʧt ðə hoʊl building,”*,” hi ʃaʊts, tɪ grɪnz ɔl əraʊnd. faɪər, ˈæftər ɔl, ɪz waɪ wi ər hir. əp eɪeɪ, ðə greɪt ˌɪnˈsɛndiɛri ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən əv ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ pæst ɪn ˈʃɛtlənd. laɪk ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls, kəm tɪ si ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ʃɪp bərn. ɛz ðə skwɑd ənd ˈdəzənz əv ˈəðərz pɔr ˈɪntu ðə strit, faɪər frəm ˈhənərdz əv ˈtɔrʧɪz. ə rɔr əv dɪˈlaɪt goʊz əp frəm ðə kraʊd ɛz ɪt ˈkæʧɪz saɪt əv ðə slik ðə ˈreɪdərz toʊ. ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz fərst ˈlændɪd ɔn ðiz ˈrɑki ʃɔrz nɔrθ əv ðə ˈskɑtɪʃ ˈmeɪnˌlænd səm jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˈkrəʃɪŋ ðə ˈloʊkəl rɪˈzɪstəns ənd ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə lænd. fər ˈnɪrli ˈsɛvən ˈsɛnʧəriz ˌnɔrˈwiʤən lɔrdz ruld ˈʃɛtlənd, ənˈtɪl ðeɪ ˈfaɪnəli pɔnd ðə ˈaɪləndz tɪ ə ˈskɑtɪʃ kɪŋ. təˈdeɪ ðə oʊld nɔrs ɔl bət fərˈgɑtən ɪn ˈʃɛtlənd, bət ðə ˈaɪləndərz rɪˈmeɪn ˌɪnˈtɛnsli praʊd əv ðɛr ˈvaɪkɪŋ pæst. iʧ jɪr ðeɪ priˈpɛr ɑbˈsɛsɪvli fər əp eɪeɪ, əˈsɛmbəlɪŋ, plæŋk baɪ plæŋk, ə ˈrɛplɪkə əv ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ʃɪp. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈbrɪsəlɪŋ wɪθ spɪrz ənd sɔrdz, ˈvaɪkɪŋ ənd slɑv feɪs ɔf ɪn ə mɑk ˈbætəl ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈfɛstɪvəl ɪn ˈwoʊlɪn, ˈpoʊlənd. wət bɪˈgæn ɛz smɔl ˈreɪdɪŋ ˈpɑrtiz ˈərli ɪn ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ eɪʤ gru ˈɪntu ˈɑrmiz ðət ˈkɑŋkərd lɑrʤ əv ˈjʊrəp. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd naʊ, ɛz ðə kraʊd bɛlts aʊt oʊld sɔŋz əv si kɪŋz ənd ˈdrægən ʃɪps, ðə toʊ ðə ˈvɛsəl ˈɪntu ə wɔld fild. ɛz ðə lɔrd gɪvz ðə ˈsɪgnəl, ə heɪl əv ˈtɔrʧɪz sɛts ðə ʃɪp əˈbleɪz. faɪər ˈreɪsɪz əp ðə mæst, ənd ˈɛmbərz flaɪ ˈɪntu ðə naɪt skaɪ. ɔn ðə ˈsaɪdˌwɔk, ˈʧɪldrən stɑmp ðɛr fit ənd dæns, ˈnɪrli dɪˈlɪriəs wɪθ ɪkˈsaɪtmənt. ˈleɪtər ðət ˈivnɪŋ, ɛz ˈrɛvələrz kɪk əp ðɛr hilz æt ˈpɑrtiz, aɪ ˈmɑrvəl æt ðə paʊər ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz stɪl hoʊld ˈoʊvər ɑr ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃənz. dɛd ənd gɔn fər ˈsɛnʧəriz, ðiz mɪˈdjivəl ˈsiˌfɛrərz ənd ˈwɔrjərz lɪv ɔn ɪn ðə ˌɪnˈvɛntɪd wərldz əv ˈfɪlˌmeɪkərz, ˈnɑvələsts, ənd ˈkɑmɪk bʊk ˈɑrtɪsts. təˈdeɪ moʊst əv ˈjuˈɛs kən ril ɔf ˈditeɪlz əv ðiz ˌɪˈmæʤənd ðeɪ fɔt ənd ˈfistɪd, wɛr ðeɪ lɪvd, haʊ ðeɪ daɪd. bət haʊ məʧ du wi ˈrɪli noʊ əˈbaʊt ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz? hu wər ðeɪ, haʊ dɪd ðeɪ si ðə wərld, ənd wət wər ðɛr lɪvz ˈtruli laɪk? naʊ, wɪθ ədˈvænst ˈsætəˌlaɪt ˈɪmɪʤri tɪ ˈdiˌɛˈneɪ ˈstədiz ənd ˈaɪsəˌtoʊp ənd ˈəðər ˈsaɪəntɪsts ər ˈkəmɪŋ əp wɪθ ˈmɛni səˈpraɪzɪŋ nu ˈænsərz. ɪn ɛˈstoʊniə, ˈsaɪəntɪsts ər ˈpɔrɪŋ ˈoʊvər tu ˈbɛrid ʃɪps fɪld wɪθ sleɪn ˈwɔrjərz, ˈʃɛdɪŋ nu laɪt ɔn ðə ˈvaɪələnt ˈɔrəʤɪnz əv ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz. ɪn sˈwidən, ˈrisərʧərz ər ˈstədiɪŋ ðə rɪˈmeɪnz əv ə ˈfiˌmeɪl ˈvaɪkɪŋ kəˈmændər, ˌɪˈluməˌneɪtɪŋ ðə roʊl əv ˈwɪmən ɪn ˈwɔrˌfɛr. ənd ɪn ˈrəʃə, ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts ənd hɪˈstɔriənz ər ˈtreɪsɪŋ ðə rʊts əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ sleɪv ˈtreɪdərz, rɪˈvilɪŋ ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv sˈleɪvəri tɪ ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ɪˈkɑnəmi. fər ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts ðə dɔrz ər ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ swɪŋ ˈoʊpən ɔn ə wərld ðət wɑz fɑr mɔr ˈkɑmplɛks ənd kəmˈpɛlɪŋ ðən wəns θɔt. ər ˈhɛdi taɪmz ɪn ˈvaɪkɪŋ research,”*,” sɪz ˈʤɪmi moncrieff*, ə hɪˈstɔriən æt ðə ˈʃɛtlənd əˈmɛnəti trəst ɪn lerwick*. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈwɔrˌfɛr ðə ɪkˈsklusɪv doʊˈmeɪn əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ mɛn. ðɪs sɔrd wɑz ˈbɛrid wɪθ ə ˈfiˌmeɪl ˈlidər. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈgeɪbriəl ˈhɪldɪˌbrænd sˈwidɪʃ ˈhɪstəri baɪ (sɔrd, ɪn tu ˈpisɪz) ˈteɪkən təˈgɛðər, ðə nu ˈstədiz rɪˈvil ə frɛʃ ˈpɪkʧər əv ðə æmˈbɪʃənz ənd ˈkəlʧərəl ˌɪmˈpækt əv ðiz ˈdɛrɪŋ ˈsiˌfɛrərz. frəm ðə ʃɔrz əv ðɛr ˌskændɪˈneɪviən ˈhoʊmˌlænd, bɪtˈwin ðə ˈbɔltɪk ənd nɔrθ siz, ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈfɔrʧən ˈsikərz tʊk tɪ ðə wərld steɪʤ ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri, ɪkˈsplɔrɪŋ məʧ əv ˈjʊrəp ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst 300 jɪrz ənd ˈtrævəlɪŋ ˈfɑrðər ðən ˈərliər ˈrisərʧərz ˈɛvər səˈspɛktɪd. wɪθ slik ˈseɪlɪŋ ʃɪps ənd ˈɛkspərt ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ˈrɪvərz ənd siz, ðeɪ ˈʤərnid tɪ wət ər naʊ 37 ər mɔr ˈkəntriz, frəm æfˈgænəˌstæn tɪ ˈkænədə, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst nil praɪs əv ˌjunəˈvərsəti ɪn sˈwidən. ɛn rut ðeɪ əˈpɑn mɔr ðən 50 ˈkəlʧərz ənd ˈtreɪdɪd ˈævədli fər ˈləgʒəriz. ðeɪ dɑnd jʊˈreɪʒɪn ˈkæfˌtænz, drɛst ɪn sɪlk frəm ˈʧaɪnə, ənd ˈpɑkətɪd hips əv ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈsɪlvər kɔɪnz. ðeɪ bɪlt θˈraɪvɪŋ ˈsɪtiz æt jɔrk ənd kiɛv, ˈkɑləˌnaɪzd lɑrʤ əv greɪt ˈbrɪtən, ˈaɪslənd, ənd fræns, ənd ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈaʊtˌpoʊsts ɪn ˈgrinˌlænd ənd nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. noʊ ˈəðər ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈsiˌfɛrərz əv ðə deɪ ˈvɛnʧərd soʊ ənd soʊ fɑr frəm ðɛr ˈhoʊmˌlænd. ˈoʊnli ðə ˈpipəl frəm ˌskændɪˈneɪviə hu du this,”*,” sɪz praɪs. ðə vikings.”*.” ˈvɪdioʊ: ˈvaɪkɪŋ ənd slɑv feɪs ɔf ɪn ən ˈɛpɪk ˈbætəl ʧɑrʤ ˈɪntu ðə freɪ əv ən ˈɛpɪk ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈbætəl wɪθ ˈoʊvər 600 ˈhɑrdˈkɔr ɑrmd wɪθ sɔrdz ənd ˈækˌsɪz. mɔr ðən ə mɪr bləd spɔrt, ðə ˈklaɪˌmæks əv ðə ˈwoʊlɪn ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈfɛstɪvəl ɪn ˈpoʊlənd ɪz ə ˈmɛkə fər ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤi." bət ˌɛksplərˈeɪʃən ənd treɪd ðə ˈoʊnli roʊdz tɪ wɛlθ. ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈreɪdərz ðə koʊsts əv ˈbrɪtən ənd ˈjʊrəp, ˈstraɪkɪŋ wɪθ ˈsədən, ˈʃɑkɪŋ bruˈtælɪti. ɪn ˈnɔrðərn fræns ðeɪ seɪld əp ənd daʊn ðə seɪn ənd ˈəðər ˈrɪvərz, əˈtækɪŋ æt ˈlɛʒər ənd ˈfɪlɪŋ ðɛr ʃɪps wɪθ ˈpləndər. ˈsprɛdɪŋ ˈtɛrər fɑr ənd waɪd, ðeɪ ɛkˈstɔrtɪd ˈnɪrli 14 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ɪˈkɑnəmi əv ˈwɛstərn ˌkɛrəˈlɪnʤiən ˈɛmpaɪər ɪn ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ fər ˈɛmti ˈprɑməsəz əv pis. əˈkrɔs ðə ˈʧænəl ɪn ˈɪŋglənd, spərˈædɪk reɪdz ɪkˈspændɪd ˈɪntu ˈtoʊtəl ˈwɔrˌfɛr, ɛz ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈɑrmi ˌɪnˈveɪdɪd ənd ˈkɑŋkərd θri ˈkɪŋdəmz, ˈlivɪŋ ˈbɑdiz tɪ rɑt ɪn ðə fildz. ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ eɪʤ, sɪz praɪs, nɑt fər ðə squeamish.”*.” bət haʊ, æsk ˈrisərʧərz təˈdeɪ, dɪd ɔl ðɪs ˈmeɪˌhɛm bɪˈgɪn? haʊ ənd waɪ dɪd mɪˈdjivəl ˈfɑrmərz ɪn ˌskændɪˈneɪviə bɪˈkəm ðə skərʤ əv ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈkɑntənənt? ɪn ðə ˈnɪrli θri ˈsɛnʧəriz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə reɪdz ɔn ˈfɔrən ʃɔrz bɪˈgæn əraʊnd a.d*. 750 ˌskændɪˈneɪviə wɑz rækt baɪ ˈtərˌmɔɪl, praɪs sɪz. mɔr ðən θri ˈdəzən ˈpɛˌti ˈkɪŋdəmz əroʊz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd, θroʊɪŋ əp ʧeɪnz əv hɪl fɔrts ənd vaɪɪŋ fər paʊər ənd ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri. ɪn ðə mɪst əv ðiz ˈtrəbəld taɪmz, kəˈtæstrəfi strək. ə væst klaʊd əv dəst, ˈlaɪkli ˈblæstɪd ˈɪntu ðə ˈætməsˌfɪr baɪ ə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ər sˈmæʃɪŋ ˈɪntu ərθ, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˌɪˈrəpʃən əv æt list wən lɑrʤ ðə sən bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɪn a.d*. 536 loʊərɪŋ ˈsəmər ˈtɛmpərəʧərz ɪn ðə ˈnɔrðərn ˈhɛmɪsˌfɪr fər ðə nɛkst 14 jɪrz. ðə ɪkˈstɛndɪd koʊld ənd ˈdɑrknəs brɔt dɛθ ənd ruɪn tɪ ˌskændɪˈneɪviə, laɪɪŋ ɛz ɪt dɪd əˈlɔŋ ðə ˈnɔrðərn ɛʤ əv mɪˈdjivəl ˈægrɪˌkəlʧər. ɪn ˈriʤən, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈnɪrli 75 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈvɪlɪʤɪz wər əˈbændənd, ɛz ˈrɛzɪdənts səˈkəmd tɪ stɑrˈveɪʃən ənd ˈfaɪtɪŋ. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˌɪnˈtərprətərz brɪŋ ə ˌrikənˈstrəktɪd ˈlɔŋˌhaʊs tɪ laɪf æt ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈsɛnər ɪn ˈdɛnˌmɑrk. milz wər kʊkt ˈoʊvər ən ˈoʊpən faɪər ɔn ə hɑrθ, ənd ˈvaɪkɪŋ fɛr ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˈsɔltɪd ˈhɛrɪŋ, ˈbɑrli ˈpɔrəʤ, ənd bɔɪld ʃip hɛdz. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd soʊ daɪər wɑz ðɪs dɪˈzæstər ðət ɪt simz tɪ hæv ˈgɪvɪn bərθ tɪ wən əv ðə ˈdɑrkəst əv ɔl wərld ˈnɔrdɪk ˈlɛʤənd əv, ðə ɛnd əv kriˈeɪʃən ənd ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈbætəl, ɪn wɪʧ ɔl gɑdz, ɔl ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl biɪŋz, ənd ɔl ˈjumənz ənd ˈəðər ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈkriʧərz daɪ. wɑz sɛd tɪ bɪˈgɪn wɪθ fimbulwinter*, ə ˈdɛdli taɪm wɪn ðə sən tərnz blæk ənd ðə ˈwɛðər tərnz ˈbɪtər ənd ðət ˈɪrəli ˈpɛrəˌlɛl ðə dəst veɪl ðət bɪˈgæn ɪn 536 praɪs sɪz. wɪn ˈsəmər æt læst rɪˈtərnd tɪ ðə nɔrθ ənd ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃənz riˈbaʊndɪd, ˌskændɪˈneɪviən soʊˈsaɪɪti əˈsumd ə nu, mɔr ˈtrəkjələnt fɔrm. ˈlidərz sərˈaʊndɪd ðɛmˈsɛlvz wɪθ ˈhɛvəli ɑrmd wɔr bændz ənd bɪˈgæn ˈsizɪŋ ənd dɪˈfɛndɪŋ əˈbændənd ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri. ɪn ðɪs ˈriˌllaɪf geɪm əv thrones*, ə ˈmɪlətərˌaɪzd soʊˈsaɪɪti əroʊz ɪn wɪʧ mɛn ənd ˈwɪmən əˈlaɪk ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪd ðə ˈvərʧuz əv warfare—fearlessness*, əˈgrɛʃən, ˈkənɪŋ, strɛŋθ ˈəndər faɪər. ɔn ðə sˈwidɪʃ ˈaɪlənd əv gotland*, wɛr ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts hæv faʊnd ˈmɛni ˌɪnˈtækt greɪvz frəm ðɪs ˈpɪriəd, ˈɛvəri ˈsɛkənd mæn simz tɪ bi ˈbɛrid wɪθ weapons,”*,” noʊts ʤɑn ljungkvist*, ən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst æt ˌjunəˈvərsəti. ɛz ðɪs soʊˈsaɪɪti wɑz ˈgræʤuəli ˈteɪkɪŋ ʃeɪp, ə nu tɛkˈnɑləʤi bɪˈgæn ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnaɪzɪŋ ˌskændɪˈneɪviən ɪn ðə ˈsɛvənθ seɪl. skɪld ˈkɑrpəntərz bɪˈgæn kənˈstrəktɪŋ slik, ˈvɛsəlz ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˈkɛriɪŋ bændz əv ɑrmd ˈfaɪtərz ˈfɑrðər ənd ˈfæstər ðən ˈɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr. əˈbɔrd ðiz ʃɪps, ˈnɔrðərn lɔrdz ənd ðɛr ˈrɛstləs ˈfɑloʊərz kʊd vɔɪəʤ əˈkrɔs ðə ˈbɔltɪk ənd nɔrθ siz, ɪkˈsplɔrɪŋ nu lændz, ˈsækɪŋ taʊnz ənd ˈvɪlɪʤɪz, ənd ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts. ənd mɛn wɪθ fju ˈmɛrɪʤ ˈprɑspɛkts æt hoʊm kʊd teɪk ˈfiˌmeɪl ˈkæptɪvz ɛz waɪvz baɪ pərsˈweɪʒən ər fɔrs. ɔl əv əv ˈkɪŋli æmˈbɪʃən, ə ˈsimɪŋ əˈbəndəns əv jəŋ ˈwɔrjərz, ənd ə nu taɪp əv ə ˈpərˌfɪkt stɔrm. ðə steɪʤ wɑz sɛt fər ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz tɪ pɔr aʊt əv ðə nɔrθ, ˈsɛtɪŋ məʧ əv ˈjʊrəp ɔn faɪər wɪθ ðɛr brænd əv ˈvaɪələns. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz slik ˈwʊdən ˈvɛsəlz laɪk ðə ʃɪp wər ki tɪ ðə səkˈsɛs əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈtreɪdərz ənd ˈreɪdərz. əˈnərθt ɪn 1880 frəm ə ˈbɛriəl, ðə ʃɪp wɑz paʊərd baɪ seɪl ənd 32 oarsmen*. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈrɑbərt klɑrk ˈfoʊtəˌgræft æt ˈvaɪkɪŋ ʃɪp mˈjuziəm, mˈjuziəm əv ˈkəlʧərəl ˈhɪstəri, ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈɑzloʊ əraʊnd 750 ə bænd əv ˈərli ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈwɔrjərz drægd tu ʃɪps ˈɔntu ə ˈsændi ɔn ðə ˈaɪlənd əv saaremaa*, ʤɪst ɔf ðə koʊst əv ɛˈstoʊniə. fɑr frəm ðɛr hoʊmz ɪn ðə ˈfɔrəsts nɪr, sˈwidən, ðə mɛn wər ðə ˈblədid sərˈvaɪvərz əv ə ˈkɔstli reɪd. ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðɛr ʃɪps leɪ ðə ˈtæŋgəld ˈkɔrpsɪz əv mɔr ðən 40 ˈvaɪkɪŋ mɛn, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ wən hu meɪ hæv bɪn ə kɪŋ. ɔl wər ɪn ðɛr juθ ər praɪm əv life—tall*, ˈməskjələr, ˈstræpɪŋ ˈmɛni hæd sin ˈsævɪʤ ˈfaɪtɪŋ. səm hæd bɪn stæbd ər hækt tɪ dɛθ, ˈəðərz diˈkæpəˌteɪtɪd. wən mæn daɪd ˈæftər ə sɔrd tʊk ɔf ðə tɔp əv hɪz hɛd. ɔn ðə ˈsændi ðə sərˈvaɪvərz bɪˈgæn ðə ˈgrusəm tæsk əv ˈsɛvərd ˈbɑdi pɑrts ənd ərˈeɪnʤɪŋ moʊst əv ðə dɛd mɛn ɪn ðə həl əv ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ʃɪp. ðɛn ðeɪ ˈkəvərd ðə ˈbɑdiz wɪθ klɔθ ənd reɪzd ə loʊ, ˈmeɪkˌʃɪft ˈbɛriəl maʊnd baɪ ˈpleɪsɪŋ ðɛr wʊd ənd aɪərn wɔr ʃildz ˈoʊvər ðɛr sleɪn ˈkɑmˌrædz. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz ɪn ˈpoʊlənd dɑn ˈɑrmər ɪn ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən fər kloʊz ˈkɑmbæt. ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz lɪvd əp tɪ ðɛr ˈvaɪələnt ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən: frəm ən ˈərli eɪʤ ˌskændɪˈneɪviən bɔɪz wər treɪnd fər ˈbætəl ənd ˈsoʊʃəli kənˈdɪʃənd fər ˈblədˌʃɛd. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd ɪn 2008 ə wərk kru leɪɪŋ ən ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ˈkeɪbəl dɪˈskəvərd ˈjumən boʊnz ənd bɪts əv ə kərˈoʊdɪd sɔrd, ənd ˈloʊkəl əˈθɔrətiz kɔld ɪn ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts. təˈdeɪ, ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn hɪz ˈɔfəs æt ˌjunəˈvərsəti, praɪs ˈmɑrvəlz æt ðə ˌdɪˈskəvri. ɪz ðə fərst taɪm ðət ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts hæv ˈɛvər bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈɛkskəˌveɪt wət ɪz ˈklɪrli ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ raid,”*,” hi sɪz. mɔr rɪˈmɑrkəbəl: ðə ˈwɔrjərz leɪd tɪ rɛst æt, ɛˈstoʊniə, daɪd ˈnɪrli 50 jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr ˌskændɪˈneɪviən ˈreɪdərz dɪˈsɛndɪd ɔn ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈmɑnəˌstɛri əv ɪn 793 lɔŋ θɔt tɪ hæv bɪn ðə fərst ˈvaɪkɪŋ əˈtæk. təˈdeɪ ðə ʃɪp ˈbɛriəlz æt ər kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə stər əˈməŋ ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈspɛʃəlɪsts. aɪ faɪnd əˈmeɪzɪŋ ɪz ɔl ðə swords,”*,” praɪs sɪz. moʊst ˈrisərʧərz hæd lɔŋ əˈsumd ðət ˈərli ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈreɪdɪŋ ˈpɑrtiz kənˈsɪstɪd əv ə fju ɪˈlit ˈwɔrjərz ɑrmd wɪθ sɔrdz ənd ˈəðər ˈkɔstli wɔr gɪr, ɛz wɛl ɛz ə fju ˈdəzən pur fɑrm bɔɪz ˈfərnɪʃt wɪθ ʧip spɪrz ər longbows*. bət ˈklɪrli nɑt ðə keɪs æt. ðə ˈbɛriəlz ðɛr kənˈteɪnd mɔr sɔrdz ðən mɛn, kənˈfərmɪŋ ðət æt list səm ˈərli ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃənz kənˈsɪstɪd əv ˈmɛni ˈwɔrjərz əv haɪ ˈstætəs. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz ðə ruɪnz əv ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈlɔŋˌhaʊs ɪn ðə ˈʃɛtlənd ˈaɪləndz ˈriˌkɔl ə praʊd pæst. ˈæftər dɪˈfitɪŋ ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈpipəl, ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈreɪdərz tʊk ˈfaɪnəst lændz fər ðɛr oʊn. ðeɪ brɔt nɔrs lɔz wɪθ ðɛm ənd ruld fər ˈnɪrli 700 jɪrz, ənˈtɪl ə ˈskɑtɪʃ kɪŋ kleɪmd ðə ˌɑrʧəpəˈleɪˌgoʊ. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈrɑbərt klɑrk ɔn ə ˈʤænjuˌɛri ˈmɔrnɪŋ ɪn ə kwaɪət ˌɪnˈdəstriəl pɑrk saʊθ əv ˈɛdənbəroʊ, ˈskɑtlənd, ˈrisərʧərz lɛd ðə weɪ θru lɑkt dɔrz tɪ ə smɔl ˌkɑnsərˈveɪʃən læb. fər mɔr ðən ə jɪr, ˈsaɪəntɪsts hir hæv bɪn ənˈpækɪŋ ðə ˈrɪʧɪz ðət wən ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈlidər əˈmæst frəm ˈreɪdɪŋ ənd ˈrænˌsækɪŋ ɪn ˈfɔrən lændz. ˈbɛrid səm jɪrz əˈgoʊ ɪn ˌsaʊθˈwɛst ˈskɑtlənd, ðə ˈgæloʊˌweɪ hɔrd ɪz ə kəˈlɛkʃən əv streɪnʤ ənd ˈbjutəfəl θɪŋz, frəm ə ˈɪŋgət tɪ ˈpisɪz əv sɪlk klɔθ frəm ðə ˈbɪzənˌtin ər ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk wərld tɪ ən ɪˈnæməld ˈkrɪsʧɪn krɔs. oʊən, ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst hu ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzɪz ɪn ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ eɪʤ, sɪz ˈnɛvər sin ˈɛniˌθɪŋ kwaɪt laɪk ɪt. ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl find,”*,” ʃi sɪz, incredible.”*.” təˈdeɪ ə kənˈsərvətər həz leɪd aʊt səm əv ðə ˈrɛrɪtiz frəm ðə hɔrd. ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəl ə sˈlɛndər goʊld pɪn ʃeɪpt laɪk ə bərd. ɪt rɪˈzɛmbəlz ən aestel*, ə smɔl ˈpɔɪntər ðət ˈbɪʃəps ənd ˈəðər ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈklərʤi wəns juzd tɪ rɛd ˈseɪkrɪd tɛksts. ˈnɪrˈbaɪ ɪz ə goʊld ˈfɪləˌgri ˈpɛndənt, ˈpɑsəbli dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ hoʊld ə smɔl ˈrɛlɪk əv ə seɪnt. ənd, æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈteɪbəl, oʊən ˈgeɪzɪz æt naɪn ˈsɪlvər, səm ˈbɛrɪŋ sˈwərlɪŋ ənd ˈmɪθɪkəl ˈkriʧərz, ˈəðərz streɪnʤ ˈfeɪsɪz. ɔl bət wən, sɪz oʊən, wər dɪˈzaɪnd fər ˈwɛrərz. ˈəðər words,”*,” ʃi kənˈkludz, ˈmɑnəˌstɛri ər ˈsɛtəlmənt hæd ə ˈvɛri bæd day.”*.” ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈlidər hu ˈkɛrid ɔf ðiz ˈtrɛʒərz hæd ə ˈwiknəs fər ˈbjutəfəl θɪŋz. ˈrəðər ðən ˈmɛltɪŋ daʊn ɔl ðə ˈpləndər ˈɪntu ˈbʊljən, ðɪs ˈvaɪkɪŋ lɔrd sɛt əˈsaɪd ˈsɛvərəl ˈpisɪz fər hɪz ˈpərsɪnəl kəˈlɛkʃən əv ɪgˈzɑtɪk, ˈfɔrən ɑrt. ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋz, sɪz ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst stiv ˈæʃbi wɪθ ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv jɔrk, hæd ə teɪst fər ˈfaɪnər θɪŋz frəm ˈfɔrən ˈkəlʧərz, ənd səm ɪˈlits tʊk ˈplɛʒər ɪn ˈoʊnɪŋ ənd ˈjuzɪŋ ðiz ˈstætəs ˈsɪmbəlz. tɔp mɛn, ðeɪ wər dandies,”*,” sɪz ˈæʃbi. ə soʊˈsaɪɪti ɪn wɪʧ kənˈspɪkjuəs kənˈsəmʃən ɪz important.”*.” ə ˈfɪrsəm flit wɔʧ ˈvaɪkɪŋz bɪld ʃɪps ənd reɪd lændz ɪn ðɪs sˈwipɪŋ teɪl əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈhɪstəri ˈhændˌkræftɪd ɪnˈtaɪərli frəm ˈpeɪpər. ðɛn lərn ðə ˈɪnɪmət ˈsikrɪts əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈʃɪpˌbɪldɪŋ ɪn ðɪs ɪkˈspænsɪv ˈgræfɪk. mɔr ˈʤɑni dɛp ðən vɪn ˈdizəl, ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈlidərz ˈpeɪnɪd ðɛr aɪz, pʊld ɔn ˈflæʃi ˈkələrd ˈkloʊðɪŋ, ənd dɑnd ˈhɛvi rɪŋz, drɛs pɪnz, ˈɑrmˌbændz, ənd ˈfɪŋgər rɪŋz. bət ðɪs drɛs fər ˈɛkˌsɛs hæd ə ˈsɪriəs ˈpərpəs: iʧ ˈɑbʤɛkt toʊld ə ˈstɔri əv ˈfɔrən ədˈvɛnʧər, əv ˈrɛkləsnəs ənd kərɪʤ rɪˈwɔrdɪd. ˈfɪtɪd aʊt ɪn ðə spɔɪlz əv wɔr, ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ wɑz ə ˈlɪvɪŋ rɪˈkrutmənt ˈpoʊstər fər ðə ˈreɪdɪŋ laɪf, ˈbɛkənɪŋ jəŋ mɛn tɪ teɪk ən oʊθ əv ˈlɔɪəlti ɪn rɪˈtərn fər ə ʃɛr əv ˈbuti. ˈlidərz bi ˈbæʃfəl əˈbaʊt wət ðeɪ əˈʧivd, ɪf ðeɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ə paʊər base,”*,” ˈæʃbi sɪz. æt ðə stɑrt əv ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ eɪʤ, ðiz ˈreɪdərz ˈtɑrgətɪd ˈmeɪnli ˈkoʊstəl ər ˈaɪlənd monasteries—armed*, ɪt simz, wɪθ ədˈvæns ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns. ˌskændɪˈneɪviən ˈtreɪdərz wər ɔˈrɛdi plaɪɪŋ ðə koʊsts əv ˈbrɪtən ənd ˈjʊrəp, ənd ðeɪ kˈwɪkli dɪˈskəvərd ðət ðə ˈmɑrkɪts ˈtɪpɪkəli wər hɛld nɛkst tɪ ˈmɑnəˌstɛriz. ˈstroʊlɪŋ pæst stɔlz ənd ˈsaɪzɪŋ əp ðə gʊdz, səm wʊd hæv ˈspɑtɪd ðə ˈsɪlvər ənd goʊld ˈɔltər ˈfərnɪʧər əˈdɔrnɪŋ məˈnæstɪk chapels*. θɪŋk ɪt rikˈwaɪərz ˈmɛntəl ˈlipɪŋ tɪ θɪŋk ˈsəmˌwən hu ˈfaɪnəli sɪz, ‘‘guys*, waɪ wi ʤɪst nɪk ðə stuff?’*?’ sɪz praɪs. ˈərli ˈreɪdɪŋ ˈpɑrtiz plænd ðɛr əˈtæks fər ðə ˈsəmər mənθs, ənd ðeɪ ˈɔfən sɛt aʊt wɪθ ʤɪst ə fju ʃɪps ənd pərˈhæps ə ˈhənərd ˈfaɪtərz. ˈbrɪsəlɪŋ wɪθ aɪərn ˈwɛpənri, ðə ˈreɪdərz strək ˈræpədli ənd wɛnt əˈbaʊt ðə ˈkɑrnɪʤ sˈwɪftli, ˈsɛtɪŋ seɪl ˌbiˈfɔr ˈloʊkəlz kʊd maʊnt ə dɪˈfɛns. ɪn fræns, ɪn ðə naɪnθ ˈsɛnʧəri əˈloʊn, ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈreɪdərz stɔrmd mɔr ðən 120 ˈsɛtəlmənts, ˈmæsəkərɪŋ məŋks ənd ˈloʊkəl ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts, ˈstrɪpɪŋ ˈʧərʧɪz əv ðɛr ˈtrɛʒərz, ənd ðə sərˈvaɪvərz. ju lɪvd ɪn ˌnɔrθˈwɛst fræns ɪn ðə leɪt naɪnθ century,”*,” praɪs sɪz, məst hæv θɔt jʊr wərld wɑz ending.”*.” ɛz ˈrɪvərz əv ˈprɛʃəs ˈmɛtəlz floʊd bæk tɪ ˌskændɪˈneɪviə, jəŋ mɛn flɑkt tɪ ðə greɪt hɔlz əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈlidərz, ˈigər tɪ swɛr ðɛr ˈlɔɪəlti. wət bɪˈgæn ɛz smɔl ˈreɪdɪŋ ˈfɔreɪz əv tu ər θri ʃɪps ˈgræʤuəli ɪˈvɑlvd ˈɪntu flits əv 30 ˈvɛsəlz, ðɛn ˈmɛni mɔr. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈkrɑnɪkəl, ə kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈænəl, ˈhənərdz əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ʃɪps əraɪvd əˈlɔŋ ðə ist koʊst əv ˈɪŋglənd ɪn 865 ˈkɛriɪŋ ə ˈrævənəs hoʊst ðət ðə ˈkrɑnɪkəl ˈraɪtərz kɔld hir, ðə greɪt ˈɑrmi. ˈpʊʃɪŋ ˈɪnˌlænd əˈlɔŋ ˈrɪvərz ənd roʊdz, ðiz ˌɪnˈveɪdərz bɪˈgæn sˈmæʃɪŋ ˈkɪŋdəmz ənd ˈsizɪŋ lɑrʤ əv lænd tɪ ˈkɑləˌnaɪz. ʤɪst ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈmɑdərn ˈsɪti əv ˈlɪŋkən, ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst ˈʤuljən di. ˈrɪʧərdz frəm ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv jɔrk ɪz ˈstədiɪŋ wən əv ðə ˈwɪntər kæmps əv ðə greɪt ˈɑrmi. ðə ɪnˈkæmpmɪnt, noʊn ɛz təˈdeɪ, wɑz lɑrʤ ɪˈnəf tɪ əˈkɑməˌdeɪt tɪ ˈpipəl, bət dɪˈskəvəriz ðɛr ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðət ðə greɪt ˈɑrmi wɑz mɔr ðən ə ˈfaɪtɪŋ fɔrs. ˈmɛltɪd daʊn ˈpləndər, ənd ˈmərʧənts kənˈdəktəd treɪd. ˈʧɪldrən reɪst θru ðə ˈmədi fildz, ənd ˈwɪmən wɛnt əˈbaʊt ðɛr meɪ hæv ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˈlidɪŋ mɛn ɪn ˈbætəl ɪn səm pɑrts əv ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ wərld. wən ˈfeɪməs ˈərli ˈaɪrɪʃ tɛkst ˈrɛkərdz haʊ ə ˈwʊmən noʊn ɛz rɛd gərl, ˈæftər ðə ˈkələr əv hər ə flit əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ʃɪps tɪ ˈaɪərlənd ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ˈænə əv ˈstɑˌkhoʊlm ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈrisəntli riˈænəˌlaɪzd ðə ˈskɛlətəl rɪˈmeɪnz əv ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈfaɪtər faʊnd ɪn ðə oʊld ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈsɛnər əv birka*, ɪn sˈwidən. ˈmɔrnərz hæd ˈfərnɪʃt ðə greɪv wɪθ ən ˈɑrsənəl əv ˈdɛdli ˈwɛpənz, ənd fər ˈdɛkeɪdz ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts əˈsumd ðət ðə ɪˈlit ˈfaɪtər wɑz meɪl. bət waɪl ˈstədiɪŋ ðə ˈpɛlvɪk boʊnz ənd ˈmændɪbəl, dɪˈskəvərd ðət ðə mæn wɑz ɪn fækt ə ˈwʊmən. ðɪs ˈneɪmləs ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈwʊmən simz tɪ hæv kəˈmændɪd ðə rɪˈspɛkt əv ˈmɛni ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈwɔrjərz. hər læp ʃi hæd ˈgeɪmɪŋ pieces,”*,” sɪz ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst ˈʃɑrlət əv ˌjunəˈvərsəti. səˈʤɛsts ðət ʃi wɑz ðə wən ˈplænɪŋ ðə ˈtæktɪks ənd ðət ʃi wɑz ə leader.”*.” vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈkæmpɪŋ ˈəndər ˈkænvəs ɛz ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈɑrmiz wəns dɪd, pɑrˈtɪsəpənts æt ðə slɑv ənd ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈfɛstɪvəl ɪn ˈpoʊlənd tɛnd tɪ bi fər ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti. ˈmɛni əˈdɔrn ðɛr ˈbɑdiz wɪθ ˌtæˈtuz, ənd səm əˈdɑpt ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ daɪət, sˈlɔtərɪŋ ənd ˈroʊstɪŋ geɪm. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz əˈlɔŋ ðə ˈrɪvər ɪn ˈpoʊlənd, ˈbaɪˌstændərz wɔʧ ə ˈrɛplɪkə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ʃɪp ˈnævəˌgeɪt ðə kərənts ɔn ə ˈsəmər ˌæftərˈnun. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd ðə flits ðət ˈkɛrid dɛθ ənd dɪˈstrəkʃən tɪ ˈwɛstərn ˈjʊrəp ˈɔlsoʊ trænˈspɔrtəd sleɪvz ənd kəˈmɑdətiz tɪ ˈmɑrkɪts ˈskætərd frəm ˈtərki tɪ ˈwɛstərn ˈrəʃə, ənd ˈpɑsəbli ˌɪˈrɑn. mɪˈdjivəl ˈærəb ənd ˈbɪzənˌtin əˈfɪʃəlz dɪˈskraɪbd ˈkɑnˌvɔɪz əv ɑrmd ˈvaɪkɪŋ ənd ˈmərʧənts noʊn ɛz ðə rəs hu ˈrɛgjələrli vɔɪɪʤd əˈlɔŋ ˈrɪvər rʊts tɪ ðə blæk ənd ˈkæspiən siz. hæv ˈnɛvər sin mɔr ˈpərˌfɪkt ðən theirs,”*,” əbˈzərvd ˈɑmɑd ˈɪbən fadlan*, ə ˈærəb ˈsoʊlʤər ənd ˈdɪpləˌmæt frəm ˈbægdæd. wən əv ðɛm ˈkɛriz ən æks, ə sɔrd, ənd ə dagger.”*.” tɪ ʃɛd laɪt ɔn ðɪs ˈsəðərn treɪd, ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts ər naʊ ˈɛkskəˌveɪtɪŋ saɪts əˈlɔŋ ðə rʊts tɪ ðə ˈbɪzənˌtin ənd ˈməzlɪm wərldz. ɔn ə leɪt ʤun ˈmɔrnɪŋ səm 230 maɪəlz ˌsaʊθˈwɛst əv ˈmɔˌskaʊ, murasheva*, ən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst æt ðə steɪt hɪˈstɔrɪkəl mˈjuziəm ɪn ˈmɔˌskaʊ, wɔks ðə bæŋk əv ðə ˈrɪvər wɛr ə smɔl mɪˈdjivəl ˈsɪti wəns stʊd. ˈfaʊndɪd baɪ ˈvaɪkɪŋ ɪkˈsplɔrərz mɔr ðən jɪrz əˈgoʊ, leɪ əˈlɔŋ tu ˈmeɪʤər treɪd, wɪʧ floʊz ˈɪntu ðə blæk si, ənd ə skeɪn əv strimz ðət swips ˈɪntu ðə ˈvɑlgə ˈrɪvər, huz ˈwɔtərz ˈɛmti ˈɪntu ðə ˈkæspiən si. ˈklɪrli ˈprɑfətəd frəm ðɪs ʤiˈɑgrəfi, ˈflərɪʃɪŋ ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈsprɔlɪŋ ˈoʊvər ən ˈɛriə ðə saɪz əv 30 ˈsɪti blɑks. təˈdeɪ ɪz ɪn ˈfɔrɪst ənd ˈgræsˌlænd, bət ˈoʊvər ðə pæst ˈsɛnʧəri ənd ə hæf, ˈrəʃən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts hæv ənˈkəvərd hɪl fɔrts, hɔrdz, ˈkæʃɪz, ˈwərkˌʃɑps, ə ˈhɑrbər, ənd ˈnɪrli ˈbɛriəl maʊndz ðət hæv prəˈdust rɪʧ ˈɑrtəˌfækts., ðeɪ dɪˈskəvərd, wɑz hoʊm tɪ ə ˈwɛlθi ˈvaɪkɪŋ ɪˈlit hu kəˈlɛktəd ˈtrɪbjut frəm ðə ˈloʊkəl sˈlɑvɪk ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ənd hu ˈlaɪkli ˈmænɪʤd ˈæˌspɛkts əv ðə ˈsəðərn ˈkɑmərs. iʧ jɪr, ˈæftər ðə spərɪŋ θɔ, ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈtreɪdərz sɛt ɔf frəm ɪn ʃɪps ˈleɪdən wɪθ ˈləgʒəri goods—furs*, ˈhəni, beeswax*, ʧəŋks əv ˈæmbər, ˈwɔlrəs ˈkɑrˌgoʊz əv ˈjumən sleɪvz. ˈmɛni, sɪz murasheva*, wər baʊnd fər ðə blæk si ənd ˌkɑnstæntəˈnoʊpəl, ðə ˈkæpɪtəl əv ðə ˈbɪzənˌtin ˈɛmpaɪər ənd ə ˈsɪti əv mɔr ðən ˈpipəl æt ðə taɪm. ɪn ðə hit ənd dəst ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈtreɪdərz ˈwɑndərd ðə ˈmɑrkɪts, ˈstraɪkɪŋ dilz fər ðɛr ˈkɑrˌgoʊ ənd baɪɪŋ praɪzd kəˈmɑdətiz: ˈæmfərˌi fɪld wɪθ waɪn ənd ˈɑlɪv ɔɪl, faɪn ˈglæsˌwɛr, ˈkələrfəl gleɪzd pleɪts, sˈwɑʧɪz əv sɪlk ənd ˈəðər rɛr ˈtɛkˌstaɪlz. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz kənˈsild ɪn aɪərn ˈhɛlməts, ʧeɪn meɪl, ənd ˈlɛðər cuirasses*, ˈvaɪkɪŋ meɪk ə ˌfɔrˈmɪdəbəl ˌɪmˈprɛʃən, rɪˈvilɪŋ haʊ ðiz ˈeɪnʧənt ˈreɪdərz stərd səʧ ˈtɛrər ɪn ðɛr ˈvɪktɪmz. ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd ˈəðər ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈtreɪdərz ˈvɛnʧərd ˈfɑrðər ist frəm, ˈfɑloʊɪŋ strimz ðət əˈkrɔs ˈwɛstərn ˈrəʃə ˈɪntu ðə ˈvɑlgə. ɪn bəˈzɑrz əˈlɔŋ ðə ˈrɪvər ənd əraʊnd ðə ˈkæspiən si, ˈməzlɪm baɪərz peɪd ˈhænsəmli fər ˈfɔrən sleɪvz, sɪns ðə fərˈbeɪd bɪˈlivərz frəm ˈoʊnɪŋ ˈfribərn ˈməzlɪmz. ðə ˈistərn baɪərz ˈsɛtəld ðɛr bɪlz wɪθ hips əv ˈsɪlvər kɔɪnz noʊn ɛz dərəmz, ə ki sɔrs əv wɛlθ ɪn ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ wərld. baɪ ˈsərʧɪŋ ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl rɪˈpɔrts ənd ˈdætəˌbeɪsɪz, ˈmɑrɛk jəŋˈkaʊiæk, ə mɪˈdjivəl hɪˈstɔriən æt ˈɑksfərd ˌjunəˈvərsəti, həz faʊnd ˈrɛkərdz əv mɔr ðən ə ˈθaʊzənd hɔrdz əv dərəmz ðət ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈtreɪdərz ənd ˈəðərz ˈbɛrid əˈkrɔs ˈjʊrəp. beɪst ɔn ən ˌɪˈnɪʃəl æˈnælɪsɪs, jəŋˈkaʊiæk ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ðət ˈvaɪkɪŋ kʊd hæv soʊld tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈistərn ˌjʊrəˈpiən, ˈmoʊstli sˈlɑvɪk, ˈkæptɪvz ˈɪntu ˈbɑndɪʤ ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri əˈloʊn, ˈərnɪŋ ˈmɪljənz əv ˈsɪlvər ˌɪˈmɛns ˈfɔrʧən æt ðə taɪm. ɪn ðə ˈvaɪkɪŋ wərld, wɛr lɔrdz ˈrɛgjələrli rɪˈwɔrdɪd ðɛr ˈfaɪtɪŋ mɛn wɪθ gɪfts əv ˈsɪlvər, ðə roʊd saʊθ wɑz ðə roʊd tɪ paʊər. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz æt ə ˈwɛdɪŋ ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni hɛld æt ə ˈfɛstɪvəl ɪn ˈpoʊlənd, ə ˈsɛləbrənt pleɪz ə ˈrɛplɪkə əv ən ˈeɪnʧənt ˌskændɪˈneɪviən hɔrn. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd ɪn ðə hɔlz əv ðə nɔrs lɔrdz, ˈstɔriˌtɛlərz ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈskraɪbd ˈərli ˈvɔɪɪʤɪz tɪ ðə wɛst. ˈgeɪzɪŋ əraʊnd æt ðoʊz əˈsɛmbəld, ðeɪ toʊld ðə teɪl əv ə ˈtreɪdər,, hu lɔst hɪz weɪ ɪn θɪk fɔg waɪl ˈseɪlɪŋ frəm ˈaɪslənd tɪ ˈgrinˌlænd. wɪn ðə mɪst ˈfaɪnəli ˈlɪftɪd, ənd hɪz mɛn spaɪd ə nu lænd ðət bɔr ˈlɪtəl rɪˈzɛmbləns tɪ ˈgrinˌlænd. ɪt wɑz ˈblæŋkətɪd ɪn ˈfɔrɪst, bət hæd ˈlɪtəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ɪkˈsplɔrɪŋ ɪt, soʊ hi ˈæŋgəld hɪz ʃɪp aʊt tɪ si. ðə lɔst ˈvaɪkɪŋ hæd riʧt ðə nu wərld baɪ fərst ˌjʊrəˈpiən, ɪt simz, tɪ leɪ aɪz ɔn ɪts ʃɔrz. ɪt wɑz ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈvɔɪɪʤɪz tɪ nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. təˈdeɪ fju fits əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈsiˌfɛrərz ər soʊ kloʊkt ɪn ˈmɪstəri ənd ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi ɛz ðɛr ˌɛksplərˈeɪʃən əv ðə nu wərld. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə nɔrs ˈsɑgəz, ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈmɛrənərz seɪld ˈwɛstwərd frəm ˈgrinˌlænd ɪn fɔr ˈmeɪʤər ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃənz, ˈsərʧɪŋ fər ˈtɪmbər ənd ˈəðər ˈrisɔrsɪz. ˈskaʊtɪŋ əˈlɔŋ ðə ˌnɔrˈθist koʊst əv ˈkænədə ɛz ˈərli ɛz 985 ðeɪ ˈwɪntərd ɪn smɔl beɪs kæmps, kət ˈtɪmbər, pɪkt waɪld greɪps ɪn ə pleɪs ðeɪ kɔld vinland*, geɪv bərθ, ənd ˈtreɪdɪd ənd fɔt wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈpipəl. ɪn 1960 ə ˈfeɪməs ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ɪkˈsplɔrər, ingstad*, wɛnt ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ðiz ˈvaɪkɪŋ kæmps. əˈlɔŋ ˈnɔrðərn tɪp, æt ə pleɪs noʊn ɛz oʊ ˈmɛˌdoʊz, ə ˈloʊkəl ˈlænˌdoʊnər lɛd ɪm tɪ ˈsɛvərəl hɪlz huz ˈkɑnˌtʊrz rɪˈzɛmbəld longhouses*. ˈnɪrˈbaɪ leɪ ə pit bɔg ðət kənˈteɪnd bɔg aɪərn, ə sɔrs əv aɪərn ɔr praɪzd baɪ ˈvaɪkɪŋz. ˌɛkskəˈveɪʃənz rɪˈvild θri lɑrʤ ˈvaɪkɪŋ hɔlz, səm həts, ə ˈfərnəs fər ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ bɔg aɪərn, ənd frəm ə taɪp əv tri ðət groʊz ˈhənərdz əv maɪəlz ˈfɑrðər saʊθ. ˈteɪkən təˈgɛðər, ðə dɪˈskəvəriz ənd ˈsɑgə kluz ˈstrɔŋli səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ˈvaɪkɪŋ ɪkˈsplɔrərz nɑt ˈoʊnli hæd ˈlændɪd ɪn ˈnufəndlənd bət ˈɔlsoʊ hæd ˈvɛnʧərd ˈfɑrðər saʊθ ˈɪntu ðə gəlf əv st*. ˈlɔrəns. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈstændɪŋ praʊd ɪn meɪl ənd ˈhɛlmət, ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst ənd ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈændru ˈnɪkəlsən həz kənˈdəktəd ɪkˈspɛrəmənts wɪθ ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈwɛpənz. ɪn ˈkɑmbæt, hi sɪz, ðə ˈbætəl ˈækˌsɪz kʊd riʧ spidz əv 110 maɪəlz ən aʊər æt ðə pɔɪnt əv ˌɪmˈpækt. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈrɑbərt klɑrk vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz səm ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈwɔrjərz ˈvæljud ðə ˈtrɛʒərz ðeɪ stoʊl fər ðɛr ɛz ˈkəvətɪd ˈstætəs ˈsɪmbəlz. ðiz (tɔp) ənd ðɪs goʊld, pɪn (əˈbəv) wər dɪˈskəvərd ɪn ə hɔrd ˈbɛrid baɪ ə ˈwɛlθi ˈvaɪkɪŋ ɪn ˈskɑtlənd. ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs baɪ ˈrɑbərt klɑrk wɪθ pərˈmɪʃən əv hɪˈstɔrɪk ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ˈskɑtlənd mɔr ˈrisəntli ə kəˈneɪdiən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst tərnd əp ˈtreɪsɪz əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈtreɪdərz ɪn ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈɑrtɪk. pəˈtrɪʃə ˈsəðərlənd, ən ˈæˌʤəŋkt prəˈfɛsər æt ˈkɑrltən ˌjunəˈvərsəti ɪn ˈɑtəˌwɑ, wɑz ˈsərʧɪŋ θru oʊld kəˈlɛkʃənz æt ðə kəˈneɪdiən mˈjuziəm əv ˈhɪstəri nɪr ˈɑtəˌwɑ wɪn ʃi dɪˈskəvərd ˈpisɪz əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ jɑrn. spən baɪ skɪld ˈwivərz, ðə jɑrn keɪm frəm saɪts ˌɪnˈhæbətəd baɪ ðə ˈdɔrsɪt, ə ˈpipəl hu lɪvd ɪn ðə ˈɑrtɪk ənˈtɪl ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. θɔt ɪt ʤɪst be,”*,” ˈsəðərlənd sɪz, soʊ ʃi ɪkˈspændɪd hər mˈjuziəm sərʧ ənd dɪˈskəvərd ə troʊv əv ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈɑrtəˌfækts, frəm fər ˈʃɑrpənɪŋ ˈmɛtəl naɪvz tɪ ˈtæli stɪks fər ˈtrækɪŋ treɪd trænˈzækʃənz. ðə moʊst ˌɪnˈtrigɪŋ faɪnd wɑz ə smɔl stoʊn ˈvɛsəl ðət lʊkt laɪk ə ˈkrusəbəl fər ˈmɛltɪŋ ˈmɛtəl. ˈsəðərlənd ənd ə smɔl tim ˈrisəntli tʊk ə ˈkloʊzər lʊk ˈjuzɪŋ ə ˈskænɪŋ ˌɪˈlɛktrɑn ˈmaɪkrəˌskoʊp. əˈlɔŋ ðə ˈɪnər ˈsərfəs ðeɪ dɪˈtɛktɪd ˈtreɪsɪz əv brɑnz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈtaɪni glæs sfɪrz ðət fɔrm wɪn ˈmɪnərəlz ər ˈmɛltɪd æt haɪ ˈɛvədəns əv ˈmɛtəlˌwərkɪŋ. ˈsəðərlənd θɪŋks ðət ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈsiˌfɛrərz frəm ˈgrinˌlænd vɔɪɪʤd tɪ ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈɑrtɪk tɪ treɪd wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ˈhəntərz, ɪksˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ˈmɛtəl naɪvz ənd hoʊnz fər θɪk fərz ənd ˈwɔlrəs gʊdz fər ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈmɑrkɪts. ˈtrækɪŋ daʊn ˈəðər ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃənz ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn ðə ˈsɑgəz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, rɪˈmeɪnz ə bɪg ˈʧælənʤ. tɪ ˈloʊˌkeɪt pəˈtɛnʃəl saɪts, ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪsts məst koʊm ˈθaʊzənz əv maɪəlz əv rɪˈmoʊt ˈkoʊˌstlaɪn. soʊ θri jɪrz əˈgoʊ ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst ˈsɛrə əv ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌæləˈbæmə æt ˈbərmɪŋˌhæm ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ traɪ ə nu əˈproʊʧ. vju ˈɪmɪʤɪz stɪl ˈstændɪŋ ə ˈθaʊzənd jɪrz ˈæftər ɪt wɑz reɪzd, ðə run stoʊn æt ɪn sˈwidən kəˈmɛmərˌeɪts ðə ləv əv ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈfɑðər fər hɪz sən, heden*. ðə jəŋ feɪt ɪz ənˈnoʊn, bət laɪk ˈmɛni jəŋ ˈvaɪkɪŋz əv hɪz taɪm, hi meɪ hæv ˈɪməˌgreɪtɪd tɪ ə ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈkɑləni ɪn ˈistərn ər ˈwɛstərn ˈjʊrəp. ˈfoʊtəˌgræf baɪ ˈrɑbərt klɑrk, ə ˈnæʃənəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪk ˈfɛloʊ, ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzɪz ɪn ˈjuzɪŋ ˈɪmɪʤri frəm ˈɔrbətɪŋ ˈsætəˌlaɪts tɪ dɪˈtɛkt pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl saɪts. ɪn ə tɛst rən ɪn ˈaɪslənd, ʃi ənd hər ˈkɑligz dɪˈtɛktɪd wət əˈpɪrd tɪ bi tərf wɔlz. wɪn ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst ˈdəgləs ˈbɑlɛndər əv ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌmæsəˈʧusəts ˈbɔstən wɛnt tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə ˈɛriə, hi dɪˈskəvərd ˈbɛrid ˈrɛmnənts əv tərf ˈbɪldɪŋz ənd ə tərf wɔl ˈoʊnli sɪks ˈɪnʧɪz wɛr səˈʤɛstɪd. ɪz astounding,”*,” hi ˈmɑrvəlz, ˈtaɪni rɪˈmeɪnz əv ə ˈbɛrid tərf wɔl aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd frəm 770 ˈkɪləˌmitərz ɪn space.”*.” buid baɪ ðɪs səkˈsɛs, ənd hər tim bɪˈgæn ˈpɔrɪŋ ˈoʊvər ˈsætəˌlaɪt ˈɪmɪʤri əv əˈtlæntɪk ˈkænədə. ɪn ˌsaʊθˈwɛstərn ˈnufəndlənd ðeɪ ˈspɑtɪd ˈkləstərz əv wət lʊkt laɪk tərf wɔlz ɔn ə noʊn ɛz pɔɪnt. ˈoʊvərˌlʊkɪŋ ðə gəlf əv st*. ˈlɔrəns, pɔɪnt laɪz əˈlɔŋ ə si rut tɪ lændz əv triz ənd waɪld greɪps. ənd laɪk oʊ ˈmɛˌdoʊz, ɪt əˈʤɔɪnz ə lɑrʤ pit bɔg wɛr ˈvaɪkɪŋ ˈsiˌfɛrərz kʊd hæv kəˈlɛktəd aɪərn ɔr. ˈdʊrɪŋ ə smɔl ˌɛkskəˈveɪʃən ɪn 2015 ənd hər ˈkɑligz faʊnd wət lʊkt laɪk ə tərf wɔl, ɛz wɛl ɛz ə lɑrʤ ˈhɑloʊ wɛr ˈsəmˌwən simd tɪ hæv kəˈlɛktəd bɔg ɔr fər fərst stɛp ɪn prəˈdusɪŋ aɪərn. bət ə ˈlɑrʤər ˌɛkskəˈveɪʃən læst ˈsəmər kæst ˈsɪriəs daʊt ɔn ðoʊz ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃənz, səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ðə tərf wɔl ənd əˌkjumjəˈleɪʃən əv bɔg ɔr wər ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ˈnæʧərəl ˈprɑsɛsəz. təˈdeɪ ɪz ˈweɪtɪŋ fər əˈdɪʃənəl tɛst rɪˈzəlts tɪ ˈklɛrəˌfaɪ ðə ˈpɪkʧər. θɪŋks, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət ʃi ənd hər tim ər dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪkəli ˈrɪgərəs weɪ tɪ sik ˈvaɪkɪŋ saɪts ɪn nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə. hər ˈkɑlig ˈkɛrən, ən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈæbərˌdin, əˈgriz. fər ðə nɔrs hir ɪz laɪk ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə ˈnidəl ɪn ə haystack,”*,” sɪz. ˈsætəˌlaɪt ˈɪmɪʤri ɪz wən əv ðə bɛst weɪz tɪ goʊ, ʃi ædz, ˈsɛrə ɪz dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ðət bɛst approach.”*.” ɔn ə ˈbləstəri ˈwɪntər deɪ, aɪ kæʧ ə kæb tɪ ˈɛrˌpɔrt. ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ ˈæftər əp eɪeɪ, ənd fju ər əˈweɪk ˈæftər ðə lɔŋ naɪt əv ˈrɛvəlri. ðə sɔrdz ənd ˈhɛlməts ər pʊt əˈweɪ, ənd ðə ˈʧɪldrən ər sˈlipɪŋ, ˈdrimɪŋ əv si kɪŋz. ðə ˈwʊdən, ðə praɪd əv ðə lɔrd, ɪz naʊ ˈæʃɪz ɪn ðə fild.
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beijing (reuters) - far western region of xinjiang has begun a campaign to promote ethnic unity with a call for respect of the cultures of the minorities who call the region home, while vowing another crackdown on terrorism and separatism.
a pedestrian reacts as a security officer holds out a detector on a street in urumqi, xinjiang autonomous region, november 17, 2013. chen
hundreds of people have been killed in unrest in xinjiang in the past few years. the government blames the violence on islamist militants who want to establish an independent state called east for minoritys, a mostly muslim people who speak a turkic language and hail from xinjiang.
rights groups and exiles say one of the major problems in xinjiang is government controls on culture and islam, and point out that few han chinese who live and work in xinjiang make any effort to learn or make friends.
zhang chunxian, communist party boss, launched “the year of ethnic unity progress” at a meeting in the capital, urumqi.
“we must respect differences, and take a respectful attitude towards dealing with problems of (different) customs, to create an atmosphere in society of respect for the culture and customs of different peoples,” zhang said, in comments carried in official xinjiang daily.
this can start from the smallest things in daily life, and people should be “guided” to live, work and study together so they can learn respect and tolerance, added zhang, who is a member of the han majority.
while saying there was progress in combating extremism and getting the various ethnic groups to get along with each other, he admitted that there had been a rise in ethnic disputes and terrorism remained a problem in some parts of xinjiang.
companies that operate in xinjiang need to be pushed into employing more minorities, and their culture and languages need encouragement and protection, zhang said.
bilingual education also needs improving, he added, referring to a policy that has long proved controversial in xinjiang as manys fear their mother tongue is being pushed aside in favor of mandarin.
han chinese are generally not taught or about islam at school in xinjiang.
zhang, who has repeatedly called for the different peoples in xinjiang to get along better with each other, vowed a “resolute crackdown” on terrorism and separatism, though said people involved in this were a small minority.
uighurs have traditionally followed a moderate form of islam but many have begun adopting practices more common in saudi arabia or pakistan, such as veils for women, as china has stepped up a security crackdown in recent years.
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ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ (ˈrɔɪtərz) fɑr ˈwɛstərn ˈriʤən əv ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ həz ˈbeɪgən ə kæmˈpeɪn tɪ prəˈmoʊt ˈɛθnɪk ˈjunɪti wɪθ ə kɔl fər rɪˈspɛkt əv ðə ˈkəlʧərz əv ðə məˈnɔrətiz hu kɔl ðə ˈriʤən hoʊm, waɪl vaʊɪŋ əˈnəðər ˈkrækˌdaʊn ɔn ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ənd ˈsɛpərəˌtɪzəm. ə pəˈdɛstriən riækts ɛz ə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈɔfɪsər hoʊldz aʊt ə dɪˈtɛktər ɔn ə strit ɪn urumqi*, ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ ɔˈtɑnəməs ˈriʤən, noʊˈvɛmbər 17 2013 ʧɛn ˈhənərdz əv ˈpipəl hæv bɪn kɪld ɪn ənˈrɛst ɪn ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ ɪn ðə pæst fju jɪrz. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt bleɪmz ðə ˈvaɪələns ɔn ˈɪsləmɪst ˈmɪlətənts hu wɔnt tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt steɪt kɔld ist fər məˈnɔrəti, ə ˈmoʊstli ˈməzlɪm ˈpipəl hu spik ə ˈtərkɪk ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ənd heɪl frəm ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ. raɪts grups ənd ˈɛkˌsaɪlz seɪ wən əv ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈprɑbləmz ɪn ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ ɪz ˈgəvərnmənt kənˈtroʊlz ɔn ˈkəlʧər ənd ˌɪsˈlɑm, ənd pɔɪnt aʊt ðət fju hɑn ʧaɪˈniz hu lɪv ənd wərk ɪn ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ meɪk ˈɛni ˈɛfərt tɪ lərn ər meɪk frɛndz. ʒɑŋ chunxian*, ˈkɑmjənəst ˈpɑrti bɔs, lɔnʧt jɪr əv ˈɛθnɪk ˈjunɪti progress”*” æt ə ˈmitɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl, urumqi*. məst rɪˈspɛkt ˈdɪfərənsɪz, ənd teɪk ə rɪˈspɛktfəl ˈætəˌtud təˈwɔrdz ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ˈprɑbləmz əv (ˈdɪfərənt) ˈkəstəmz, tɪ kriˈeɪt ən ˈætməsˌfɪr ɪn soʊˈsaɪɪti əv rɪˈspɛkt fər ðə ˈkəlʧər ənd ˈkəstəmz əv ˈdɪfərənt peoples,”*,” ʒɑŋ sɛd, ɪn ˈkɑmɛnts ˈkɛrid ɪn əˈfɪʃəl ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ ˈdeɪli. ðɪs kən stɑrt frəm ðə sˈmɔləst θɪŋz ɪn ˈdeɪli laɪf, ənd ˈpipəl ʃʊd bi ““guided”*” tɪ lɪv, wərk ənd ˈstədi təˈgɛðər soʊ ðeɪ kən lərn rɪˈspɛkt ənd ˈtɑlərəns, ˈædɪd ʒɑŋ, hu ɪz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə hɑn məˈʤɔrəti. waɪl seɪɪŋ ðɛr wɑz ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn kəmˈbætɪŋ ˌɪkˈstrɛmɪzəm ənd ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə ˈvɛriəs ˈɛθnɪk grups tɪ gɪt əˈlɔŋ wɪθ iʧ ˈəðər, hi ədˈmɪtəd ðət ðɛr hæd bɪn ə raɪz ɪn ˈɛθnɪk dɪˈspjuts ənd ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm rɪˈmeɪnd ə ˈprɑbləm ɪn səm pɑrts əv ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ. ˈkəmpəˌniz ðət ˈɔpərˌeɪt ɪn ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ nid tɪ bi pʊʃt ˈɪntu ɪmˈplɔɪɪŋ mɔr məˈnɔrətiz, ənd ðɛr ˈkəlʧər ənd ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz nid ɛnˈkərɪʤmənt ənd prəˈtɛkʃən, ʒɑŋ sɛd. baɪˈlɪŋgwəl ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈɔlsoʊ nidz ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ, hi ˈædɪd, rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ə ˈpɑləsi ðət həz lɔŋ pruvd ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ɪn ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ ɛz ˈmɛni fɪr ðɛr ˈməðər təŋ ɪz biɪŋ pʊʃt əˈsaɪd ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ˈmændərən. hɑn ʧaɪˈniz ər ˈʤɛnərəli nɑt tɔt ər əˈbaʊt ˌɪsˈlɑm æt skul ɪn ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ. ʒɑŋ, hu həz rɪˈpitɪdli kɔld fər ðə ˈdɪfərənt ˈpipəlz ɪn ˈzɪnʤiˈæŋ tɪ gɪt əˈlɔŋ ˈbɛtər wɪθ iʧ ˈəðər, vaʊd ə crackdown”*” ɔn ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ənd ˈsɛpərəˌtɪzəm, ðoʊ sɛd ˈpipəl ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðɪs wər ə smɔl məˈnɔrəti. hæv trəˈdɪʃənəli ˈfɑloʊd ə ˈmɑdərˌeɪt fɔrm əv ˌɪsˈlɑm bət ˈmɛni hæv ˈbeɪgən əˈdɑptɪŋ ˈpræktɪsɪz mɔr ˈkɑmən ɪn ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ər ˈpækɪˌstæn, səʧ ɛz veɪlz fər ˈwɪmən, ɛz ˈʧaɪnə həz stɛpt əp ə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈkrækˌdaʊn ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz.
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craig lowndes, shane van, and french factory driver will share a mclaren in bathurst 12 hour.
the trio have been named to race a which will be supported by mclaren.
lowndes will arrive at mount panorama as one of the defending race winners having combined with his other triple eight jamie and finn toni to win the 2017 bathurst 12 hour in a ferrari 488.
while he has two wins to his name in ferraris (the other being in his second 12 hour start in 2014), and a runner-up finish in one of three campaigns in audis, the is yet to race a mclaren around mount panorama.
“the bathurst 12 hour is one of my absolute favourite events, so i am delighted to have the chance to defend my win in 2017 but in a mclaren for the first time,” said lowndes.
“mclaren is an iconic name in motor racing and the is a serious bit of kit, so i am really excited about the opportunity to race it at bathurst with shane (van) and (ledogar). i wait.”
between he and van, the combination represents winners of the last two editions of the bathurst 12 hour.
the new zealander has history in mclarens, winning the 2016 12 hour with alvaro parente and jonathon webb in a entry and setting a lap record which held up this year.
that car is now owned by patrizicorse.
in addition, and van were when they won the 2016 series endurance cup in a mclaren.
“i’m excited to be back in a mclaren for the bathurst 12 hour,” said van.
“it’s good to team up with again, i drove with him in 2016 when we won the endurance series in a mclaren, and driving with craig to help him defend his 2017 title.
“i think got a strong driver line up, a strong team and a strong car, so looking forward to the event.”
while van’s race ended on a sour note this year, when he was before crashing while trying to make up ground to leader, brought a mclaren home in fifth outright.
the also piloted the mclaren with fraser ross in the first two rounds of this australian championship before having to focus on his international open commitments, in which he took two class race wins.
the/ledogar entry will face stiff competition from a host of class a runners already announced, including factory audi trio, a schnitzer bmw entry featuring chaz mostert, and an team audi.
class a for cars is split into the pro (all professional), (up to two professionals), and am (no professionals) sub-classes.
meanwhile, has also flagged plans to enter selected overseas races next year.
the 2018 bathurst 12 hour will be held from february.
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kreɪg ˈloʊndiz, ʃeɪn væn, ənd frɛnʧ ˈfæktəri ˈdraɪvər wɪl ʃɛr ə məˈklɛrən ɪn ˈbæθərst 12 aʊər. ðə ˈtriˌoʊ hæv bɪn neɪmd tɪ reɪs ə wɪʧ wɪl bi səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ məˈklɛrən. ˈloʊndiz wɪl əraɪv æt maʊnt ˌpænərˈæmə ɛz wən əv ðə dɪˈfɛndɪŋ reɪs ˈwɪnərz ˈhævɪŋ kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ hɪz ˈəðər ˈtrɪpəl eɪt ˈʤeɪmi ənd fɪn ˈtoʊni tɪ wɪn ðə 2017 ˈbæθərst 12 aʊər ɪn ə fərˈɑri 488 waɪl hi həz tu wɪnz tɪ hɪz neɪm ɪn fərˈɑrɪs (ðə ˈəðər biɪŋ ɪn hɪz ˈsɛkənd 12 aʊər stɑrt ɪn 2014 ənd ə ˈrənərˌəp ˈfɪnɪʃ ɪn wən əv θri kæmˈpeɪnz ɪn ˈɔdɪs, ðə ɪz jɛt tɪ reɪs ə məˈklɛrən əraʊnd maʊnt ˌpænərˈæmə. ˈbæθərst 12 aʊər ɪz wən əv maɪ ˈæbsəˌlut ˈfeɪvərɪt ɪˈvɛnts, soʊ aɪ æm dɪˈlaɪtɪd tɪ hæv ðə ʧæns tɪ dɪˈfɛnd maɪ wɪn ɪn 2017 bət ɪn ə məˈklɛrən fər ðə fərst time,”*,” sɛd ˈloʊndiz. ɪz ən ˌaɪˈkɑnɪk neɪm ɪn ˈmoʊtər ˈreɪsɪŋ ənd ðə ɪz ə ˈsɪriəs bɪt əv kɪt, soʊ aɪ æm ˈrɪli ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ reɪs ɪt æt ˈbæθərst wɪθ ʃeɪn (væn) ənd (ledogar*). aɪ wait.”*.” bɪtˈwin hi ənd væn, ðə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ˈwɪnərz əv ðə læst tu ɪˈdɪʃənz əv ðə ˈbæθərst 12 aʊər. ðə nu ˈziləndər həz ˈhɪstəri ɪn mclarens*, ˈwɪnɪŋ ðə 2016 12 aʊər wɪθ əlˈvɑroʊ pɑˈrɛnti ənd ˈʤɑnəθən wɛb ɪn ə ˈɛntri ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ ə læp ˈrɛkərd wɪʧ hɛld əp ðɪs jɪr. ðət kɑr ɪz naʊ oʊnd baɪ patrizicorse*. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ənd væn wər wɪn ðeɪ wən ðə 2016 ˈsɪriz ˈɛndərəns kəp ɪn ə məˈklɛrən. ɪkˈsaɪtɪd tɪ bi bæk ɪn ə məˈklɛrən fər ðə ˈbæθərst 12 hour,”*,” sɛd væn. gʊd tɪ tim əp wɪθ əˈgɛn, aɪ droʊv wɪθ ɪm ɪn 2016 wɪn wi wən ðə ˈɛndərəns ˈsɪriz ɪn ə məˈklɛrən ənd ˈdraɪvɪŋ wɪθ kreɪg tɪ hɛlp ɪm dɪˈfɛnd hɪz 2017 ˈtaɪtəl. θɪŋk gɑt ə strɔŋ ˈdraɪvər laɪn əp, ə strɔŋ tim ənd ə strɔŋ kɑr, soʊ ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ðə event.”*.” waɪl væn reɪs ˈɛndɪd ɔn ə saʊər noʊt ðɪs jɪr, wɪn hi wɑz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈkræʃɪŋ waɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk əp graʊnd tɪ ˈlidər, brɔt ə məˈklɛrən hoʊm ɪn fɪθ ˈaʊˈtraɪt. ðə ˈɔlsoʊ ˈpaɪlətɪd ðə məˈklɛrən wɪθ ˈfreɪzər rɔs ɪn ðə fərst tu raʊnz əv ðɪs ɔˈstreɪljən ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ˌbiˈfɔr ˈhævɪŋ tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn hɪz ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈoʊpən kəˈmɪtmənts, ɪn wɪʧ hi tʊk tu klæs reɪs wɪnz. ðə ˈɛntri wɪl feɪs stɪf ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən frəm ə hoʊst əv klæs ə ˈrənərz ɔˈrɛdi əˈnaʊnst, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈfæktəri ˈɔdi ˈtriˌoʊ, ə ʃˈnɪtzər ˈbiˌɛmˈdəbəlju ˈɛntri ˈfiʧərɪŋ ʧæz mostert*, ənd ən tim ˈɔdi. klæs ə fər kɑz ɪz splɪt ˈɪntu ðə proʊ (ɔl prəˈfɛʃənəl), (əp tɪ tu prəˈfɛʃənəlz), ənd æm (noʊ prəˈfɛʃənəlz) sub-classes*. ˈminˌwaɪl, həz ˈɔlsoʊ flægd plænz tɪ ˈɛnər səˈlɛktɪd ˈoʊvərˈsiz ˈreɪsɪz nɛkst jɪr. ðə 2018 ˈbæθərst 12 aʊər wɪl bi hɛld frəm ˈfɛbruˌɛri
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i have played pool for around 25 years now, not that my game has improved!. playing in many clubs it was always a hunt to find racks(triangle/diamond) for either the 8 ball or 9 ball. sitting one night with the 2 racks in my hands i contemplated merging them together, that was the start of my idea. i spent the next few years on design, prototypes to patent.
here's the very first prototype i made from cardboard.
here is a link to the full patent document.
http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationdetails/originaldocument?ft=d&date=20111228&db=worldwide.espacenet.com&locale=en_ep&cc=gb&nr=2452931b&kc=b&nd=4
so what is it:
this rack is designed for both 8 & 9 ball. the struts on the top are designed to allow the rack to be used for 9 ball, but angled and curved so not to cause any obstruction to moving the balls about while racking up. with the 9 ball rack contained in the triangle it actually makes it easier using the rack when placing the rack over the spots as your hands are better spaced apart. this rack would mean that tables would only require one rack instead of the current 2 creating less clutter around the table.
environment:
with all new products today we should be mindful of the environmental impact they have. the classic 2 racks require 2 moulds, 2 costs and 200 grams of plastic.
diamond back will only require one mould, one costs and 120 grams of blended recycled & virgin plastic depending on tensile testing of the struts during .
feedback:
once i had the first prototype i sent the rack to one of the big billiards distributors in the who i was hoping would take the patent. however, they were very interested in the product to the level of exclusive distribution in the,rope & russia. but this would require a very large investment on my part which i wasn't able to commit to, so my idea sat quietly on the shelf.
it was only a few weeks ago i heard about from my son, and here i am with a renewed hope with your support of getting this product, something new and innovative to the billiards industry.
3rd prototype:
i made some further refinements to the design. if you look at the second prototype and this one you will see i have reduced the height of the sides, this make access to the balls easier.
my project plan:
manufacture location
i plan on producing these in the, as i would prefer to be hands on and to ensure the quality of raw material to final product.
uk patents benefit from a government scheme allowing companies to reduce the amount of corporation tax paid in respect of profits relating to inventions protected by a patent or other qualifyingropean patent. the aim of the scheme is to encourage companies to develop and manufacture new products and processes protected by patents in the (and some other countries within theropean economic area). a 10% rate of corporation tax will be payable on profits related to income from patented inventions.
small unit:
i have found a perfect location to start production with very flexible conditions on space and i can start off small and if need be grow into the area around me. starting this way will help me qualify 100% rates relief.
prototype tweaks:
the final change is to adjust the distance between the struts as shown, this will be done on the model then one final prototype.
mould & tooling:
this is an example of the mould/tool. these are expensive precision tools.
machine installation:
these machines are very expensive brand new. however, in our current economical climate a second hand fully serviced & working machine can be purchased for around the same price as the moulding / tool.
raw materials:
i will be sourcing raw materials from he / as the standards are regulated and the quality is better, plastics from china for example can contain some materials not permitted in the or usa.
web site:
the website will spring to life if i am successful in raising pledges.
marketing:
websites & magazines like the links attached would be the perfect way to get my new product message across to wholesale / retail & consumers markets.
www.snookerscene.co.uk
www.insidepoolmag.com
www.billiardsdigest.com
individual postage & packaging:
each rack will need boxed for shipping. i have a company that can make the triangular shaped for the rack.
boxes cost each @ 1000
royal mail domestic & air mail charges
uk domestic -
uk torope -
uk to usa / canada -
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aɪ hæv pleɪd pul fər əraʊnd 25 jɪrz naʊ, nɑt ðət maɪ geɪm həz ˌɪmˈpruvd!. pleɪɪŋ ɪn ˈmɛni kləbz ɪt wɑz ˈɔlˌweɪz ə hənt tɪ faɪnd racks(triangle/diamond*) fər ˈiðər ðə 8 bɔl ər 9 bɔl. ˈsɪtɪŋ wən naɪt wɪθ ðə 2 ræks ɪn maɪ hænz aɪ ˈkɑntəmˌpleɪtɪd ˈmərʤɪŋ ðɛm təˈgɛðər, ðət wɑz ðə stɑrt əv maɪ aɪˈdiə. aɪ spɛnt ðə nɛkst fju jɪrz ɔn dɪˈzaɪn, ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪps tɪ ˈpætənt. hɪrz ðə ˈvɛri fərst ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp aɪ meɪd frəm ˈkɑrdˌbɔrd. hir ɪz ə lɪŋk tɪ ðə fʊl ˈpætənt ˈdɑkjəmɛnt. soʊ wət ɪz ɪt: ðɪs ræk ɪz dɪˈzaɪnd fər boʊθ 8 9 bɔl. ðə strəts ɔn ðə tɔp ər dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə ræk tɪ bi juzd fər 9 bɔl, bət ˈæŋgəld ənd kərvd soʊ nɑt tɪ kɔz ˈɛni əbˈstrəkʃən tɪ ˈmuvɪŋ ðə bɔlz əˈbaʊt waɪl ˈrækɪŋ əp. wɪθ ðə 9 bɔl ræk kənˈteɪnd ɪn ðə ˈtraɪˌæŋgəl ɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli meɪks ɪt ˈiziər ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ræk wɪn ˈpleɪsɪŋ ðə ræk ˈoʊvər ðə spɑts ɛz jʊr hænz ər ˈbɛtər speɪst əˈpɑrt. ðɪs ræk wʊd min ðət ˈteɪbəlz wʊd ˈoʊnli ˌrikˈwaɪər wən ræk ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ðə ˈkɑrənt 2 kriˈeɪtɪŋ lɛs ˈklətər əraʊnd ðə ˈteɪbəl. ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt: wɪθ ɔl nu ˈprɑdəkts təˈdeɪ wi ʃʊd bi ˈmaɪndfəl əv ðə ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl ˌɪmˈpækt ðeɪ hæv. ðə ˈklæsɪk 2 ræks ˌrikˈwaɪər 2 moʊldz, 2 kɔsts ənd 200 græmz əv ˈplæstɪk. ˈdaɪmənd bæk wɪl ˈoʊnli ˌrikˈwaɪər wən moʊld, wən kɔsts ənd 120 græmz əv ˈblɛndɪd riˈsaɪkəld ˈvərʤɪn ˈplæstɪk dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn ˈtɛnsəl ˈtɛstɪŋ əv ðə strəts ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈfidˌbæk: wəns aɪ hæd ðə fərst ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp aɪ sɛnt ðə ræk tɪ wən əv ðə bɪg ˈbɪljərdz dɪˈstrɪbjətərz ɪn ðə hu aɪ wɑz ˈhoʊpɪŋ wʊd teɪk ðə ˈpætənt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðeɪ wər ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ðə ˈprɑdəkt tɪ ðə ˈlɛvəl əv ɪkˈsklusɪv ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ɪn ðə, ˈjʊrəp ˈrəʃə. bət ðɪs wʊd ˌrikˈwaɪər ə ˈvɛri lɑrʤ ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɔn maɪ pɑrt wɪʧ aɪ ˈwəzənt ˈeɪbəl tɪ kəˈmɪt tɪ, soʊ maɪ aɪˈdiə sæt kˈwaɪətli ɔn ðə ʃɛlf. ɪt wɑz ˈoʊnli ə fju wiks əˈgoʊ aɪ hərd əˈbaʊt frəm maɪ sən, ənd hir aɪ æm wɪθ ə rɪˈnud hoʊp wɪθ jʊr səˈpɔrt əv ˈgɪtɪŋ ðɪs ˈprɑdəkt, ˈsəmθɪŋ nu ənd ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv tɪ ðə ˈbɪljərdz ˈɪndəstri. ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp: aɪ meɪd səm ˈfərðər rɪˈfaɪnmənts tɪ ðə dɪˈzaɪn. ɪf ju lʊk æt ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp ənd ðɪs wən ju wɪl si aɪ hæv rɪˈdust ðə haɪt əv ðə saɪdz, ðɪs meɪk ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə bɔlz ˈiziər. maɪ ˈprɑʤɛkt plæn: ˌmænjəˈfækʧər loʊˈkeɪʃən aɪ plæn ɔn prəˈdusɪŋ ðiz ɪn ðə, ɛz aɪ wʊd prɪˈfər tɪ bi hænz ɔn ənd tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðə kˈwɑləti əv rɑ məˈtɪriəl tɪ ˈfaɪnəl ˈprɑdəkt. ˈpætənts ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ə ˈgəvərnmənt skim əˈlaʊɪŋ ˈkəmpəˌniz tɪ rɪˈdus ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən tæks peɪd ɪn rɪˈspɛkt əv ˈprɑfɪts rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛnʃənz prəˈtɛktɪd baɪ ə ˈpætənt ər ˈəðər kˈwɑləˌfaɪɪŋ ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈpætənt. ðə eɪm əv ðə skim ɪz tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ ˈkəmpəˌniz tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ənd ˌmænjəˈfækʧər nu ˈprɑdəkts ənd ˈprɑsɛsəz prəˈtɛktɪd baɪ ˈpætənts ɪn ðə (ənd səm ˈəðər ˈkəntriz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈɛriə). ə 10 reɪt əv ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən tæks wɪl bi ˈpeɪəbəl ɔn ˈprɑfɪts rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈɪnˌkəm frəm ˈpætəntɪd ˌɪnˈvɛnʃənz. smɔl ˈjunɪt: aɪ hæv faʊnd ə ˈpərˌfɪkt loʊˈkeɪʃən tɪ stɑrt pərˈdəkʃən wɪθ ˈvɛri ˈflɛksəbəl kənˈdɪʃənz ɔn speɪs ənd aɪ kən stɑrt ɔf smɔl ənd ɪf nid bi groʊ ˈɪntu ðə ˈɛriə əraʊnd mi. ˈstɑrtɪŋ ðɪs weɪ wɪl hɛlp mi kˈwɑləˌfaɪ 100 reɪts rɪˈlif. ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp twiks: ðə ˈfaɪnəl ʧeɪnʤ ɪz tɪ əˈʤəst ðə ˈdɪstəns bɪtˈwin ðə strəts ɛz ʃoʊn, ðɪs wɪl bi dən ɔn ðə ˈmɑdəl ðɛn wən ˈfaɪnəl ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪp. moʊld ˈtulɪŋ: ðɪs ɪz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðə mould/tool*. ðiz ər ɪkˈspɛnsɪv priˈsɪʒən tulz. məˈʃin ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən: ðiz məˈʃinz ər ˈvɛri ɪkˈspɛnsɪv brænd nu. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪn ɑr ˈkɑrənt ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪkəl ˈklaɪmɪt ə ˈsɛkənd hænd ˈfʊli ˈsərvɪst ˈwərkɪŋ məˈʃin kən bi ˈpərʧəst fər əraʊnd ðə seɪm praɪs ɛz ðə ˈmoʊldɪŋ tul. rɑ məˈtɪriəlz: aɪ wɪl bi ˈsɔrsɪŋ rɑ məˈtɪriəlz frəm hi ɛz ðə ˈstændərdz ər ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd ənd ðə kˈwɑləti ɪz ˈbɛtər, ˈplæstɪks frəm ˈʧaɪnə fər ɪgˈzæmpəl kən kənˈteɪn səm məˈtɪriəlz nɑt pərˈmɪtɪd ɪn ðə ər ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ. wɛb saɪt: ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt wɪl spərɪŋ tɪ laɪf ɪf aɪ æm səkˈsɛsfəl ɪn ˈreɪzɪŋ ˈplɛʤɪz. ˈmɑrkətɪŋ: ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ˈmægəˌzinz laɪk ðə lɪŋks əˈtæʧt wʊd bi ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt weɪ tɪ gɪt maɪ nu ˈprɑdəkt ˈmɛsɪʤ əˈkrɔs tɪ ˈhoʊlˌseɪl ˈriˌteɪl kənˈsumərz ˈmɑrkɪts. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈpoʊstɪʤ ˈpækɪʤɪŋ: iʧ ræk wɪl nid bɑkst fər ˈʃɪpɪŋ. aɪ hæv ə ˈkəmpəˌni ðət kən meɪk ðə traɪˈæŋgjələr ʃeɪpt fər ðə ræk. ˈbɑksɪz kɔst iʧ 1000 rɔɪəl meɪl dəˈmɛstɪk ɛr meɪl ˈʧɑrʤɪz dəˈmɛstɪk tɪ ˈjʊrəp tɪ ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ ˈkænədə
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jason collins' party was a historic and controversial story, for some, an abomination for others and an "uncomfortable conversation" on "outside the lines" that still resonates in conference rooms and in the mailbag.
more than one manager told me it was "a learning experience" and then couldn't come up with what had been learned. how about this: the tricky trifecta of religion, race and sexuality exposed not only the in "otl's" preparation but the inconsistent performance of journalism in general. the old story won't die because it brings up too many unresolved questions that we will be addressing in my scheduled 18 months as's fifth ombudsman.
• what are the boundaries of sports talk, and on which shows?
• what is the distinction between a reporter and a commentator? the lines seem to blur sometimes.
• how can balance the varying sensibilities of its audience? there are people who want the network to provide a safe haven from the real world. but barry blyn, vice president of consumer insights, tells me that he is finding in his research a "hunger for more challenging news." these people want information, they want to understand their world, including the world of their games.
•'s resources are substantial, and as it continues to hire more experienced journalists, will it match their ambitions with a company will to give them reporting and room?
• if it does, there will be another, more complex balancing act. what happens when's "partners" -- the teams, conferences, leagues whose games it airs and analyzes -- are made uncomfortable by tough reporting?
let's start this journey back in april with the face of a journeyman hoops bouncer, jason collins, smiling out of a sports illustrated cover online. it took most of by surprise. the opening lines of his confessional essay, "i'm a nba center. i'm black. and i'm gay," stirred the pro basketball, african-american and communities. it would stir christians, as well.
espn seemed somewhat slower than the internet to get excited by the announcement. a snide case had been made that it was, after all, a rival's scoop, that tim was still adrift and that the nfl draft was looming. in any case, it was covered on early "sportscenter" editions and briefly examined by nba reporter chris broussard. he predicted, correctly, that the nba and most players would publicly support collins, who was a free agent. whether collins would sign another nba contract, broussard said, depended less on his sexual orientation than on whether any team needed an aging enforcer who averaged about nine minutes a game.
some of those who had long hoped for a male active professional team athlete to come out were vaguely disappointed; as attractive and intelligent as collins was, he was not a star and, as a free agent, was technically not even active. also, there had been expectations of bigger names;'s enterprise unit was one of a number trying to track down a rumor that four nfl players were poised to come out together.
otl was the first show to cover the story in any depth in its 3 p.m. airing. it had to shift gears from a planned lakers dissection. granderson, an openly gay, black columnist, magazine writer and frequent tv commentator, came on by phone and celebrated a brave new locker room. he talked about the importance of collins describing himself as black, thus eroding a stereotype of the african-american community as homophobic. he discussed the symbolism of collins wearing no. 98 to memorialize the 1998 murder of matthew shepard, a gay college student. granderson also imagined all the young gay players who could now believe there would be a place for them on high school, college, even pro teams.
in his turns, broussard, who had been on hand for the scheduled lakers show, was just as thoughtful, declaring the climate right for acceptance, acknowledging the overwhelming support (kobe bryant, tony parker and jason kidd, not to mention michelle obama, had quickly weighed in with positive tweets). but tiny red flags popped up in remarks. he wondered how much of the support reflected true feelings and how much "political correctness." there would be players, he said, who might be uncomfortable showering with and even just being around gays, but who didn't want to say so and risk being marked as bigots.
granderson began to frame the story: he invoked his friendship with broussard, back to their being colleagues at the magazine and teammates in rec league basketball. he said he saw their relationship as an example of how people with very different points of view could have respectful and intelligent disagreements while remaining friends. implicit was that this could be a model for nba players.
broussard broke in to "second" remarks. he added "i am a christian" and agreed with the idea that people can tolerate differing points of view.
the host, steve weissman, asked granderson whether there was a difference between tolerance and acceptance. granderson said that there was, and he noted for the record that he was a christian, too. he said that just as he and broussard had had "this uncomfortable conversation" about gays and straights, as had the military before the end of "don't ask, don't tell," now it was the turn of the nba.
'walking in open rebellion to god'
in a host decision, weissman asked broussard to comment on collins declaring himself a christian in his si essay. several executives, in casual, conversations, attributed that decision to inexperience. broussard told me later that he "was stunned when weissman asked me a direct question," but said he felt he "needed to let the viewer know where i'm at for context and clarity."
broussard said, "if you're openly living in unrepentant sin, whatever it may be, not just homosexuality [but] adultery, fornication, premarital sex between heterosexuals i believe that's walking in open rebellion to god and to jesus christ." he added. "i would not characterize that person as a christian because i don't think the bible would characterize them as a christian."
at this point, as weissman said to me later, the control room told him to let granderson wrap up the segment.
granderson's voice became passionate. he said that "faith, just like love and marriage, is personal." he talked about the unfairness of using the bible to deprive others of equal rights. no one could define his christianity. he declared that "jesus christ is my personal lord and savior."
as both granderson and broussard would later say, they were sorry that the focus of the show had shifted from collins' coming out to their personal beliefs. yet both seemed to feel that an airing of those beliefs was intrinsic to understanding the scope of the story.
and in the context of the times, it was a big story. a few months earlier, had helped expose mike rice, the rutgers men's basketball coach whose physical and emotional abuse of players included gay slurs. the use of homophobia to and control straight athletes is an old-school tactic that can work only in a climate of fear and inequality. rice was eventually fired.
a few months after collins' coming out, when you might think we had all been sensitized, indiana pacers center roy hibbert, at a playoff news conference, described himself as "no homo" to distance himself from the praise he had just given another man. my email called the phrase no big deal, a throwaway. but i think it reflected an uneasiness about sexuality even among large celebrity athletes we might assume should be more confident of their manhood.
personally, i was most surprised by revelations, in excellent magazine and pieces byw reporter kate fagan, about griner, the hot new star. she said she had been forced to stay in the closet during her years at baylor. her coach, kim mulkey, was apparently afraid that any hint of lesbianism on her team would affect recruiting. i had naively thought we were past the dark days of the when coach rene portland of penn state promised the parents of prospects that no "predatory" lesbians would darken her locker room. (is this still a pervasive recruiting tactic? i hope's enterprise commandos are on it.)
in such a climate, i wondered why did not do more to advance the collins story or at least connect more dots to other sports stories, perhaps even link to the gay struggle for equal rights and its and to the spike in assaults on gay men. (the next day's devoted half the show to a "good morning america" with collins and a with john amaechi, an player who had come out after his retirement.)
on the day of collins' announcement, had at least four hours to put together a produced news package, to gather more talking heads, to be smart in its analysis. just what does this story mean, if anything, to sports, to gays, to the perception of manhood in america? for a traditional broadcast or cable news operation, four hours is enough time to crash such a report, with lunch included.
when does respond well to a breaking story, it leans on its superstars. the superb work of bob ley and jeremy schaap after the boston marathon bombings is a good example.
so, too, the first-rate to the collins story by bill simmons and rick reilly. simmons had two excellent podcasts, one a discerning discussion about the ramifications of collins' announcement with grantland writer wesley morris and one with collins himself. reilly came up with vintage columns, one in which he interviewed collins' former fiancée, among other friends, and another with fresh material on flamboyant dodgers outfielder, glenn burke, who was forced by baseball to stay in the closet, which eventually drove him out after a short, promising career.
more context would have made the show far better. it was thin on the meaning of collins' coming out and overly focused on two men discussing the differences in their christian outlooks. and even the schisms in jock christianity could have been made more pertinent. nascar drivers, who have incorporated religious services into their rituals, are privately contemptuous of the "stick-and-ball" athletes who pray to "trinket gods" to bring them luck.
covering baseball in the last century, you would find clubhouses divided between so-called and juicers. the christians, who attended chapel, prayed that their teammates would find the path out of the barroom and show up sober for batting practice. the party boys expressed disdain for the "softness" of the observant, who, they claimed, didn't really need to win because religion forgives losers.
safe havens and showers
espn coverage is driven by live games and studio analysis, and a jock culture mentality prevails. by default, fault was found by some executives with granderson, broussard and weissman, all of whom are otherwise generally in bristol. it was granderson, it was said, who, knowing religious views, led him into his remarks. it was broussard who stepped out of his assigned role and went too far. it was weissman who lost control of the show. the criticisms were casual and; they seemed like a way to get past the show.
at the time, the company quickly issued a noncommittal statement: "we regret that a respectful discussion of personal viewpoints became a distraction from today's news. is fully committed to diversity and welcomes jason collins' announcement."
two weeks later, president john skipper told reporters, "i think we did great other than we made one mistake: the mistake was not being more careful with chris broussard, and there is a collective responsibility there." answering a question from richard deitsch of sports illustrated, skipper said: "we don't quarrel with his right to have any personal point of view, although we do assert as a company that we have a tolerant point of view, we are a diverse company, and that does not represent what our company thinks."
the attitude, as i read it, was that these were small, regrettable, forgettable mistakes. no major fouls. in fact, considering's "embrace debate" mantra, it could have been far messier. in other words, we can move on. this was a one-off.
you think? or was it another example of that jock culture sensibility of not dwelling on an error, fine for the playing of games but not for the journalistic issues that affect our understanding and appreciation of those games. the audience was not so ready to move on. there were hundreds of emails to the ombudsman. they tended to fall into four categories.
1.about 30 percent of the respondents not only supported religious views but applauded the emergence of faith as an antidote to the "pro-gay" agenda of the media. jim wesson of lafollette, tenn. was expressing the opinion of many viewers when he wrote: "if chris broussard had expressed a point of view you would not have criticized him for expressing his personal feelings rather than simply being a basketball analyst. it's very troubling that is tolerant of everyone except christians."
2.another 30 percent supported broussard on first amendment grounds. he had a right to speak his mind. many of these also complained that the religious beliefs he espoused do not get a proper airing in the media.
3.about 20 percent said they thought broussard was way out of line and had spoken inappropriately. some thought he should be disciplined or fired. the case of former commentator rob parker was brought up as a precedent. parker, who is black, had wondered on "first take" whether washington redskins quarterback robert griffin was an authentic black or a brother" who was "not down with the cause." this was based on griffin's lifestyle, hairstyle and white fiancée. parker was suspended, and his contract was not renewed.
4.another 20 percent thought any mention of homosexuality had no place on a sports network watched by families and children. they invoked the safe haven attitude about controversial matters that often includes complaints about commercials for male sexual enhancement drugs. kerri wittwer of melissa, texas, spoke for that point of view: "very disappointed to walk into our family area to my elementary age sons watching and the coverage being a lengthy interview on being gay in the nfl. my sons love sports and. just as i don't think that sports coverage needs to include ball players and their romantic relationships with women, the same goes for a man's relationship with other men. seems we have strayed from sports coverage to relationship and political coverage."
by the time i started as ombudsman and got to talk to the principals in mid-june, the story had dropped off the table. no one at was particularly motivated to talk about it. but the audience, which i represent, was still interested, and so was i.
granderson told me that "the conversation went too far - not too far for where it needs to go but too far for that news story. it was not necessarily a conversation for, which is not necessarily the place to examine theological differences."
could he have done something differently? "i could have opted to put my ego aside and remember the purpose i was there for," he said. "i'm not backing away, but i'm disappointed to put chris in a place to be defending his christian views and values."
he had his parting shot: "what's heartbreaking is using god to spread hate."
collins seemed ok with it
a decade ago, broussard and i were colleagues at the new york times, where he was known for having given up seminary to pursue a career in sportswriting. he was forthright when we talked earlier this month.
"the media in general, not just, is lopsided in its coverage," he said. "it's a cheerleader for the lifestyle and same-sex marriage and puts those who disagree in an unfavorable light. you can see it in the eye rolling and body language of so-called objective journalists. people are made out to be bigots and intolerant even though there are neanderthals present on both sides."
broussard said he went on the show as "an objective journalist," but, because it was, he was ready to let the host lead him. as it turned out, granderson led.
"i was satisfied," broussard said. "i would do it again. it was what i believed. it was not out of hate, not in a judgmental way. it was conventional christian doctrine.
"i got a lot of support from players afterward, especially from christians, who loved it. others told me i had the courage to speak out. they said 'you got big balls, brother, you the man.'"
broussard called collins the next night and they talked for about 10 minutes. "i wanted him to know i wasn't trying to use his announcement for my own views. he seemed ok with it."
as was, broussard thought, the company: did not make me feel they were against me."
the third man in the ring, weissman, who is being used more often as a host of, knew nothing about religious views, he told me. nor did his producers. should they have? in 2007, in response to coming out (his memoir, "man in the middle," was published by), broussard wrote a column on the topic for.com.
in the piece, he maintained that although he believed that homosexuality, like any sex outside a marriage, was a sin, he also believed that gay and straight players could be teammates. "if i can accept working side-by-side with a homosexual," he wrote, "then can accept working side-by-side with someone who believes homosexuality is wrong."
he also wrote: "granted, i don't shower with after games like nba teammates do, and i'll admit that if i had to, it might be a little uncomfortable at first.
the column was 6 years old, and was news to the immediate supervisors of the april show, some of whom had been at when the column appeared. in fairness, broussard was a magazine feature writer at the time, not lead nba reporter for tv.
and would it have made a difference had they known? the big turning point in the conversation was when weissman asked broussard to comment on collins' calling himself a christian. given that broussard and granderson had already described themselves as christians, the host was tying up loose ends by asking a follow-up question. it was textbook journalism.
"at the end of the day," weissman said, "i thought we had a respectful, intelligent and honest conversation."
i'm not so sure about that. the program was lumpy and unframed. a commentator and a reporter were put into a position of point-counterpoint. they went too far and yet not far enough. concept of the "uncomfortable conversation" should be an aspect of's purported mission of injecting more journalism into its coverage. but it needs to be offered in a context that explains why you need to know about drugs, sexual abuse, money for college athletes, cheating, the topics that some in the audience will consider crucial, others alienating, still others just plain buzz killers. maybe more of an effort has to be made to place these stories beyond a 13-minute, 46- second slot on.
nevertheless, that old story is constantly being renewed by the people it inspired. two months later, in june, i noticed a new display being mounted in the employee cafeteria in bristol. it was called and was sponsored by the company's group. a series of panels honored gay athletes, including martina navratilova, billy bean and the man who sometimes got lost in this story, jason collins.
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ˈʤeɪsən ˈkɑlɪnz' ˈpɑrti wɑz ə hɪˈstɔrɪk ənd ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈstɔri, fər səm, ən əˌbɑməˈneɪʃən fər ˈəðərz ənd ən "ənˈkəmfərtəbəl ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən" ɔn "ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə laɪnz" ðət stɪl ˈrɛzəˌneɪts ɪn ˈkɑnfərəns rumz ənd ɪn ðə ˈmeɪlˌbæg. mɔr ðən wən ˈmænɪʤər toʊld mi ɪt wɑz "ə ˈlərnɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns" ənd ðɛn ˈkʊdənt kəm əp wɪθ wət hæd bɪn ˈlərnɪd. haʊ əˈbaʊt ðɪs: ðə ˈtrɪki traɪˈfɛktə əv rɪˈlɪʤən, reɪs ənd ˌsɛkʃuˈæləti ɪkˈspoʊzd nɑt ˈoʊnli ðə ɪn "otl's*" ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən bət ðə ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt pərˈfɔrməns əv ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl. ðə oʊld ˈstɔri woʊnt daɪ bɪˈkəz ɪt brɪŋz əp tu ˈmɛni ənrɪˈzɑlvd kˈwɛsʧənz ðət wi wɪl bi æˈdrɛsɪŋ ɪn maɪ ˈskɛʤʊld 18 mənθs ɛz fɪθ ˈɑmbədzmən. wət ər ðə ˈbaʊndəriz əv spɔrts tɔk, ənd ɔn wɪʧ ʃoʊz? wət ɪz ðə dɪˈstɪŋkʃən bɪtˈwin ə rɪˈpɔrtər ənd ə ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər? ðə laɪnz sim tɪ blər ˈsəmˌtaɪmz. haʊ kən ˈbæləns ðə ˈvɛriɪŋ ˌsɛnsɪˈbɪlɪtiz əv ɪts ˈɔdiəns? ðɛr ər ˈpipəl hu wɔnt ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə seɪf ˈheɪvən frəm ðə ril wərld. bət ˈbɛri blyn*, vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt əv kənˈsumər ˈɪnˌsaɪts, tɛlz mi ðət hi ɪz ˈfaɪndɪŋ ɪn hɪz ˈrisərʧ ə "ˈhəŋgər fər mɔr ˈʧælənʤɪŋ nuz." ðiz ˈpipəl wɔnt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðɛr wərld, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə wərld əv ðɛr geɪmz. ˈrisɔrsɪz ər səbˈstænʃəl, ənd ɛz ɪt kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ haɪər mɔr ɪkˈspɪriənst ˈʤərnəlɪsts, wɪl ɪt mæʧ ðɛr æmˈbɪʃənz wɪθ ə ˈkəmpəˌni wɪl tɪ gɪv ðɛm rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ənd rum? ɪf ɪt dɪz, ðɛr wɪl bi əˈnəðər, mɔr ˈkɑmplɛks ˈbælənsɪŋ ækt. wət ˈhæpənz wɪn "ˈpɑrtnərz" ðə timz, ˈkɑnfərənsəz, ligz huz geɪmz ɪt ɛrz ənd ˈænəˌlaɪzɪz ər meɪd ənˈkəmfərtəbəl baɪ təf rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ? lɛts stɑrt ðɪs ˈʤərni bæk ɪn ˈeɪprəl wɪθ ðə feɪs əv ə ˈʤərniˌmæn hups ˈbaʊnsər, ˈʤeɪsən ˈkɑlɪnz, sˈmaɪlɪŋ aʊt əv ə spɔrts ˈɪləˌstreɪtɪd ˈkəvər ˈɔnˌlaɪn. ɪt tʊk moʊst əv baɪ səˈpraɪz. ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ laɪnz əv hɪz kənˈfɛʃənəl ˈɛˌseɪ, "əm ə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ˈsɛnər. əm blæk. ənd əm geɪ," stərd ðə proʊ ˈbæskətˌbɔl, ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkən ənd kəmˈjunɪtiz. ɪt wʊd stər ˈkrɪsʧɪnz, ɛz wɛl. simd ˈsəmˈwət sloʊər ðən ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt tɪ gɪt ɪkˈsaɪtɪd baɪ ðə əˈnaʊnsmɛnt. ə snaɪd keɪs hæd bɪn meɪd ðət ɪt wɑz, ˈæftər ɔl, ə ˈraɪvəlz skup, ðət tɪm wɑz stɪl əˈdrɪft ənd ðət ðə ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl dræft wɑz ˈlumɪŋ. ɪn ˈɛni keɪs, ɪt wɑz ˈkəvərd ɔn ˈərli "sportscenter*" ɪˈdɪʃənz ənd ˈbrifli ɪgˈzæmənd baɪ ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ rɪˈpɔrtər krɪs bruˈsɑrd. hi prɪˈdɪktɪd, kərˈɛktli, ðət ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ənd moʊst pleɪərz wʊd ˈpəblɪkli səˈpɔrt ˈkɑlɪnz, hu wɑz ə fri ˈeɪʤənt. ˈwɛðər ˈkɑlɪnz wʊd saɪn əˈnəðər ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ˈkɑnˌtrækt, bruˈsɑrd sɛd, dɪˈpɛndɪd lɛs ɔn hɪz ˈsɛkʃuəl ˌɔriɛnˈteɪʃən ðən ɔn ˈwɛðər ˈɛni tim ˈnidɪd ən ˈeɪʤɪŋ ɛnˈfɔrsər hu ˈævrɪʤd əˈbaʊt naɪn ˈmɪnəts ə geɪm. səm əv ðoʊz hu hæd lɔŋ hoʊpt fər ə meɪl ˈæktɪv prəˈfɛʃənəl tim ˈæθˌlit tɪ kəm aʊt wər ˈveɪgli ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd; ɛz əˈtræktɪv ənd ˌɪnˈtɛləʤənt ɛz ˈkɑlɪnz wɑz, hi wɑz nɑt ə stɑr ənd, ɛz ə fri ˈeɪʤənt, wɑz ˈtɛknɪkəli nɑt ˈivɪn ˈæktɪv. ˈɔlsoʊ, ðɛr hæd bɪn ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz əv ˈbɪgər neɪmz; ˈɛnərˌpraɪz ˈjunɪt wɑz wən əv ə ˈnəmbər traɪɪŋ tɪ træk daʊn ə ˈrumər ðət fɔr ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl pleɪərz wər pɔɪzd tɪ kəm aʊt təˈgɛðər. wɑz ðə fərst ʃoʊ tɪ ˈkəvər ðə ˈstɔri ɪn ˈɛni dɛpθ ɪn ɪts 3 p.m*. ˈɛrɪŋ. ɪt hæd tɪ ʃɪft gɪrz frəm ə plænd ˈleɪkərz ˈdaɪsɛkʃən. ˈgrændərsən, ən ˈoʊpənli geɪ, blæk ˈkɑləmnəst, ˈmægəˌzin ˈraɪtər ənd ˈfrikˌwɛnt ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər, keɪm ɔn baɪ foʊn ənd ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪd ə breɪv nu ˈlɑkər rum. hi tɔkt əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ˈkɑlɪnz dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ hɪmˈsɛlf ɛz blæk, ðəs ɪˈroʊdɪŋ ə ˈstɛrioʊˌtaɪp əv ðə ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkən kəmˈjunɪti ɛz ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbɪk. hi dɪˈskəst ðə ˈsɪmbəˌlɪzəm əv ˈkɑlɪnz ˈwɛrɪŋ noʊ. 98 tɪ məˈmɔriəˌlaɪz ðə 1998 ˈmərdər əv ˈmæθju ˈʃɛpərd, ə geɪ ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈstudənt. ˈgrændərsən ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪˈmæʤənd ɔl ðə jəŋ geɪ pleɪərz hu kʊd naʊ bɪˈliv ðɛr wʊd bi ə pleɪs fər ðɛm ɔn haɪ skul, ˈkɑlɪʤ, ˈivɪn proʊ timz. ɪn hɪz tərnz, bruˈsɑrd, hu hæd bɪn ɔn hænd fər ðə ˈskɛʤʊld ˈleɪkərz ʃoʊ, wɑz ʤɪst ɛz ˈθɔtfəl, dɪˈklɛrɪŋ ðə ˈklaɪmɪt raɪt fər əkˈsɛptəns, ækˈnɑlɪʤɪŋ ðə ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ səˈpɔrt (ˈkoʊbeɪ braɪənt, ˈtoʊni ˈpɑrkər ənd ˈʤeɪsən kɪd, nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən mɪˈʃɛl ˌoʊˈbɑmə, hæd kˈwɪkli weɪd ɪn wɪθ ˈpɑzətɪv tweets*). bət ˈtaɪni rɛd flægz pɑpt əp ɪn rɪˈmɑrks. hi ˈwəndərd haʊ məʧ əv ðə səˈpɔrt rɪˈflɛktɪd tru ˈfilɪŋz ənd haʊ məʧ "pəˈlɪtɪkəl kərˈɛktnəs." ðɛr wʊd bi pleɪərz, hi sɛd, hu maɪt bi ənˈkəmfərtəbəl ʃaʊərɪŋ wɪθ ənd ˈivɪn ʤɪst biɪŋ əraʊnd geɪz, bət hu ˈdɪdənt wɔnt tɪ seɪ soʊ ənd rɪsk biɪŋ mɑrkt ɛz ˈbɪgəts. ˈgrændərsən bɪˈgæn tɪ freɪm ðə ˈstɔri: hi ˌɪnˈvoʊkt hɪz ˈfrɛndʃɪp wɪθ bruˈsɑrd, bæk tɪ ðɛr biɪŋ ˈkɑligz æt ðə ˈmægəˌzin ənd ˈtimˌmeɪts ɪn rɛk lig ˈbæskətˌbɔl. hi sɛd hi sɔ ðɛr riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp ɛz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl əv haʊ ˈpipəl wɪθ ˈvɛri ˈdɪfərənt pɔɪnts əv vju kʊd hæv rɪˈspɛktfəl ənd ˌɪnˈtɛləʤənt ˌdɪsəˈgrimənts waɪl rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ frɛndz. ˌɪmˈplɪsət wɑz ðət ðɪs kʊd bi ə ˈmɑdəl fər ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ pleɪərz. bruˈsɑrd broʊk ɪn tɪ "ˈsɛkənd" rɪˈmɑrks. hi ˈædɪd "aɪ æm ə ˈkrɪsʧɪn" ənd əˈgrid wɪθ ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ˈpipəl kən ˈtɑlərˌeɪt ˈdɪfərɪŋ pɔɪnts əv vju. ðə hoʊst, stiv ˈwaɪsmən, æst ˈgrændərsən ˈwɛðər ðɛr wɑz ə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ˈtɑlərəns ənd əkˈsɛptəns. ˈgrændərsən sɛd ðət ðɛr wɑz, ənd hi ˈnoʊtɪd fər ðə ˈrɛkərd ðət hi wɑz ə ˈkrɪsʧɪn, tu. hi sɛd ðət ʤɪst ɛz hi ənd bruˈsɑrd hæd hæd "ðɪs ənˈkəmfərtəbəl ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən" əˈbaʊt geɪz ənd streɪts, ɛz hæd ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ɛnd əv "doʊnt æsk, doʊnt tɛl," naʊ ɪt wɑz ðə tərn əv ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ. 'ˈwɔkɪŋ ɪn ˈoʊpən rɪˈbɛljən tɪ gɑd' ɪn ə hoʊst dɪˈsɪʒən, ˈwaɪsmən æst bruˈsɑrd tɪ ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ˈkɑlɪnz dɪˈklɛrɪŋ hɪmˈsɛlf ə ˈkrɪsʧɪn ɪn hɪz si ˈɛˌseɪ. ˈsɛvərəl ɪgˈzɛkjətɪvz, ɪn ˈkæʒəwəl, ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz, əˈtrɪbjətəd ðət dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ ˌɪnɪkˈspɪriəns. bruˈsɑrd toʊld mi ˈleɪtər ðət hi "wɑz stənd wɪn ˈwaɪsmən æst mi ə dɪˈrɛkt kˈwɛʃən," bət sɛd hi fɛlt hi "ˈnidɪd tɪ lɛt ðə vjuər noʊ wɛr əm æt fər ˈkɑntɛkst ənd ˈklɛrɪti." bruˈsɑrd sɛd, "ɪf jʊr ˈoʊpənli ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ˌənrɪˈpɛntənt sɪn, ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪt meɪ bi, nɑt ʤɪst ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti [bət] əˈdəltəri, fornication*, priˈmɛrətəl sɛks bɪtˈwin ˌhɛtəroʊˈsɛkˌʃuəlz aɪ bɪˈliv ðæts ˈwɔkɪŋ ɪn ˈoʊpən rɪˈbɛljən tɪ gɑd ənd tɪ ˈʤizəs kraɪst." hi ˈædɪd. "aɪ wʊd nɑt ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪz ðət ˈpərsən ɛz ə ˈkrɪsʧɪn bɪˈkəz aɪ doʊnt θɪŋk ðə ˈbaɪbəl wʊd ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪz ðɛm ɛz ə ˈkrɪsʧɪn." æt ðɪs pɔɪnt, ɛz ˈwaɪsmən sɛd tɪ mi ˈleɪtər, ðə kənˈtroʊl rum toʊld ɪm tɪ lɛt ˈgrændərsən ræp əp ðə ˌsɛgˈmɛnt. vɔɪs bɪˈkeɪm ˈpæʃənət. hi sɛd ðət "feɪθ, ʤɪst laɪk ləv ənd ˈmɛrɪʤ, ɪz ˈpərsɪnəl." hi tɔkt əˈbaʊt ðə ənˈfɛrnəs əv ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈbaɪbəl tɪ dɪˈpraɪv ˈəðərz əv ˈikwəl raɪts. noʊ wən kʊd dɪˈfaɪn hɪz ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti. hi dɪˈklɛrd ðət "ˈʤizəs kraɪst ɪz maɪ ˈpərsɪnəl lɔrd ənd ˈseɪvjər." ɛz boʊθ ˈgrændərsən ənd bruˈsɑrd wʊd ˈleɪtər seɪ, ðeɪ wər ˈsɑri ðət ðə ˈfoʊkɪs əv ðə ʃoʊ hæd ˈʃɪftɪd frəm ˈkɑlɪnz' ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt tɪ ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl bɪˈlifs. jɛt boʊθ simd tɪ fil ðət ən ˈɛrɪŋ əv ðoʊz bɪˈlifs wɑz ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪk tɪ ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ðə skoʊp əv ðə ˈstɔri. ənd ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv ðə taɪmz, ɪt wɑz ə bɪg ˈstɔri. ə fju mənθs ˈərliər, hæd hɛlpt ɪkˈspoʊz maɪk raɪs, ðə ˈrətgərz mɛnz ˈbæskətˌbɔl koʊʧ huz ˈfɪzɪkəl ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl əˈbjuz əv pleɪərz ˌɪnˈkludɪd geɪ slərz. ðə juz əv ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbiə tɪ ənd kənˈtroʊl streɪt ˈæθˌlits ɪz ən ˌoʊldˈskul ˈtæktɪk ðət kən wərk ˈoʊnli ɪn ə ˈklaɪmɪt əv fɪr ənd ˌɪnɪkˈwɑləti. raɪs wɑz ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli faɪərd. ə fju mənθs ˈæftər ˈkɑlɪnz' ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt, wɪn ju maɪt θɪŋk wi hæd ɔl bɪn ˈsɛnsəˌtaɪzd, ˌɪndiˈænə ˈpeɪsərz ˈsɛnər rɔɪ ˈhɪbərt, æt ə pleɪɔf nuz ˈkɑnfərəns, dɪˈskraɪbd hɪmˈsɛlf ɛz "noʊ ˈhoʊmoʊ" tɪ ˈdɪstəns hɪmˈsɛlf frəm ðə preɪz hi hæd ʤɪst ˈgɪvɪn əˈnəðər mæn. maɪ iˈmeɪl kɔld ðə freɪz noʊ bɪg dil, ə θˈroʊəˌweɪ. bət aɪ θɪŋk ɪt rɪˈflɛktɪd ən ˌəˈnizinəs əˈbaʊt ˌsɛkʃuˈæləti ˈivɪn əˈməŋ lɑrʤ səˈlɛbrɪti ˈæθˌlits wi maɪt əˈsum ʃʊd bi mɔr ˈkɑnfədənt əv ðɛr ˈmænˌhʊd. ˈpərsənəli, aɪ wɑz moʊst səˈpraɪzd baɪ ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃənz, ɪn ˈɛksələnt ˈmægəˌzin ənd ˈpisɪz baɪ rɪˈpɔrtər keɪt ˈfeɪgən, əˈbaʊt ˈgraɪnər, ðə hɑt nu stɑr. ʃi sɛd ʃi hæd bɪn fɔrst tɪ steɪ ɪn ðə ˈklɑzət ˈdʊrɪŋ hər jɪrz æt ˈbeɪlər. hər koʊʧ, kɪm ˈməlki, wɑz əˈpɛrəntli əˈfreɪd ðət ˈɛni hɪnt əv ˈlɛzbiənɪzm ɔn hər tim wʊd əˈfɛkt rɪˈkrutɪŋ. aɪ hæd nɑˈivli θɔt wi wər pæst ðə dɑrk deɪz əv ðə wɪn koʊʧ rəˈneɪ ˈpɔrtlənd əv pɛn steɪt ˈprɑməst ðə ˈpɛrənts əv ˈprɑspɛkts ðət noʊ "ˈprɛdəˌtɔri" ˈlɛzbiənz wʊd ˈdɑrkən hər ˈlɑkər rum. (ɪz ðɪs stɪl ə pərˈveɪsɪv rɪˈkrutɪŋ ˈtæktɪk? aɪ hoʊp ˈɛnərˌpraɪz kəˈmænˌdoʊz ər ɔn ɪt.) ɪn səʧ ə ˈklaɪmɪt, aɪ ˈwəndərd waɪ dɪd nɑt du mɔr tɪ ədˈvæns ðə ˈkɑlɪnz ˈstɔri ər æt list kəˈnɛkt mɔr dɑts tɪ ˈəðər spɔrts ˈstɔriz, pərˈhæps ˈivɪn lɪŋk tɪ ðə geɪ ˈstrəgəl fər ˈikwəl raɪts ənd ɪts ənd tɪ ðə spaɪk ɪn əˈsɔlts ɔn geɪ mɛn. (ðə nɛkst deɪz dɪˈvoʊtɪd hæf ðə ʃoʊ tɪ ə "gʊd ˈmɔrnɪŋ əˈmɛrɪkə" wɪθ ˈkɑlɪnz ənd ə wɪθ ʤɑn amaechi*, ən pleɪər hu hæd kəm aʊt ˈæftər hɪz rɪˈtaɪərmənt.) ɔn ðə deɪ əv ˈkɑlɪnz' əˈnaʊnsmɛnt, hæd æt list fɔr aʊərz tɪ pʊt təˈgɛðər ə prəˈdust nuz ˈpækɪʤ, tɪ ˈgæðər mɔr ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛdz, tɪ bi smɑrt ɪn ɪts æˈnælɪsɪs. ʤɪst wət dɪz ðɪs ˈstɔri min, ɪf ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, tɪ spɔrts, tɪ geɪz, tɪ ðə pərˈsɛpʃən əv ˈmænˌhʊd ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə? fər ə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈbrɔdˌkæst ər ˈkeɪbəl nuz ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən, fɔr aʊərz ɪz ɪˈnəf taɪm tɪ kræʃ səʧ ə rɪˈpɔrt, wɪθ lənʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd. wɪn dɪz rɪˈspɑnd wɛl tɪ ə ˈbreɪkɪŋ ˈstɔri, ɪt linz ɔn ɪts ˌsupərˈstɑrz. ðə sʊˈpərb wərk əv bɑb leɪ ənd ˈʤɛrəˌmi ʃɑp ˈæftər ðə ˈbɔstən ˈmɛrəˌθɑn ˈbɑmɪŋz ɪz ə gʊd ɪgˈzæmpəl. soʊ, tu, ðə ˌfərˈstreɪt tɪ ðə ˈkɑlɪnz ˈstɔri baɪ bɪl ˈsɪmənz ənd rɪk ˈraɪli. ˈsɪmənz hæd tu ˈɛksələnt podcasts*, wən ə dɪˈsərnɪŋ dɪˈskəʃən əˈbaʊt ðə ˌræməfəˈkeɪʃənz əv ˈkɑlɪnz' əˈnaʊnsmɛnt wɪθ ˈgræntlənd ˈraɪtər ˈwɛsli ˈmɔrɪs ənd wən wɪθ ˈkɑlɪnz hɪmˈsɛlf. ˈraɪli keɪm əp wɪθ ˈvɪntɪʤ ˈkɑləmz, wən ɪn wɪʧ hi ˈɪntərvˌjud ˈkɑlɪnz' ˈfɔrmər fiancée*, əˈməŋ ˈəðər frɛndz, ənd əˈnəðər wɪθ frɛʃ məˈtɪriəl ɔn flæmˈbɔɪənt ˈdɑʤərz ˈaʊtˌfildər, glɛn bərk, hu wɑz fɔrst baɪ ˈbeɪsˈbɔl tɪ steɪ ɪn ðə ˈklɑzət, wɪʧ ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli droʊv ɪm aʊt ˈæftər ə ʃɔrt, ˈprɑməsɪŋ kərɪr. mɔr ˈkɑntɛkst wʊd hæv meɪd ðə ʃoʊ fɑr ˈbɛtər. ɪt wɑz θɪn ɔn ðə ˈminɪŋ əv ˈkɑlɪnz' ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt ənd ˈoʊvərli ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn tu mɛn dɪˈskəsɪŋ ðə ˈdɪfərənsɪz ɪn ðɛr ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˈaʊˌtlʊks. ənd ˈivɪn ðə ˈskɪzəmz ɪn ʤɑk ˌkrɪsʧiˈænɪti kʊd hæv bɪn meɪd mɔr ˈpərtɪnɪnt. ˈnæˌskɑr ˈdraɪvərz, hu hæv ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈɪntu ðɛr ˈrɪʧuəlz, ər ˈpraɪvətli kənˈtɛmpʧuəs əv ðə "stick-and-ball*" ˈæθˌlits hu preɪ tɪ "ˈtrɪŋkət gɑdz" tɪ brɪŋ ðɛm lək. ˈkəvərɪŋ ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ɪn ðə læst ˈsɛnʧəri, ju wʊd faɪnd ˈkləˌbhaʊsɪz dɪˈvaɪdɪd bɪtˈwin ˈsoʊˈkɔld ənd juicers*. ðə ˈkrɪsʧɪnz, hu əˈtɛndəd ˈʧæpəl, preɪd ðət ðɛr ˈtimˌmeɪts wʊd faɪnd ðə pæθ aʊt əv ðə ˈbɑˌrrum ənd ʃoʊ əp ˈsoʊbər fər ˈbætɪŋ ˈpræktɪs. ðə ˈpɑrti bɔɪz ɪkˈsprɛst dɪsˈdeɪn fər ðə "ˈsɔftnəs" əv ðə əbˈzərvənt, hu, ðeɪ kleɪmd, ˈdɪdənt ˈrɪli nid tɪ wɪn bɪˈkəz rɪˈlɪʤən fərˈgɪvz ˈluzərz. seɪf ˈheɪvənz ənd ʃaʊərz ˈkəvərɪʤ ɪz ˈdrɪvən baɪ lɪv geɪmz ənd ˈstudiˌoʊ æˈnælɪsɪs, ənd ə ʤɑk ˈkəlʧər mɛnˈtælɪti prɪˈveɪlz. baɪ dɪˈfɔlt, fɔlt wɑz faʊnd baɪ səm ɪgˈzɛkjətɪvz wɪθ ˈgrændərsən, bruˈsɑrd ənd ˈwaɪsmən, ɔl əv hum ər ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˈʤɛnərəli ɪn ˈbrɪstəl. ɪt wɑz ˈgrændərsən, ɪt wɑz sɛd, hu, noʊɪŋ rɪˈlɪʤəs vjuz, lɛd ɪm ˈɪntu hɪz rɪˈmɑrks. ɪt wɑz bruˈsɑrd hu stɛpt aʊt əv hɪz əˈsaɪnd roʊl ənd wɛnt tu fɑr. ɪt wɑz ˈwaɪsmən hu lɔst kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ʃoʊ. ðə ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəmz wər ˈkæʒəwəl ənd; ðeɪ simd laɪk ə weɪ tɪ gɪt pæst ðə ʃoʊ. æt ðə taɪm, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni kˈwɪkli ˈɪʃud ə ˈnɑnkəˈmɪtəl ˈsteɪtmənt: "wi rɪˈgrɛt ðət ə rɪˈspɛktfəl dɪˈskəʃən əv ˈpərsɪnəl vˈjuˌpɔɪnts bɪˈkeɪm ə dɪˈstrækʃən frəm ˈtudeɪz nuz. ɪz ˈfʊli kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ dɪˈvərsɪti ənd ˈwɛlkəmz ˈʤeɪsən ˈkɑlɪnz' əˈnaʊnsmɛnt." tu wiks ˈleɪtər, ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤɑn ˈskɪpər toʊld rɪˈpɔrtərz, "aɪ θɪŋk wi dɪd greɪt ˈəðər ðən wi meɪd wən mɪˈsteɪk: ðə mɪˈsteɪk wɑz nɑt biɪŋ mɔr ˈkɛrfəl wɪθ krɪs bruˈsɑrd, ənd ðɛr ɪz ə kəˈlɛktɪv riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti ðɛr." ˈænsərɪŋ ə kˈwɛʃən frəm ˈrɪʧərd daɪʧ əv spɔrts ˈɪləˌstreɪtɪd, ˈskɪpər sɛd: "wi doʊnt kˈwɔrəl wɪθ hɪz raɪt tɪ hæv ˈɛni ˈpərsɪnəl pɔɪnt əv vju, ˌɔlˈðoʊ wi du əˈsərt ɛz ə ˈkəmpəˌni ðət wi hæv ə ˈtɑlərənt pɔɪnt əv vju, wi ər ə dɪˈvərs ˈkəmpəˌni, ənd ðət dɪz nɑt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt wət ɑr ˈkəmpəˌni θɪŋks." ðə ˈætəˌtud, ɛz aɪ rɛd ɪt, wɑz ðət ðiz wər smɔl, rɪˈgrɛtəbəl, fərˈgɛtəbəl mɪˈsteɪks. noʊ ˈmeɪʤər faʊlz. ɪn fækt, kənˈsɪdərɪŋ "ɪmˈbreɪs dəˈbeɪt" ˈmæntrə, ɪt kʊd hæv bɪn fɑr ˈmɛsiər. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, wi kən muv ɔn. ðɪs wɑz ə ˌwəˈnɔf. ju θɪŋk? ər wɑz ɪt əˈnəðər ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðət ʤɑk ˈkəlʧər ˌsɛnsɪˈbɪlɪti əv nɑt dˈwɛlɪŋ ɔn ən ˈɛrər, faɪn fər ðə pleɪɪŋ əv geɪmz bət nɑt fər ðə ˌʤərnəˈlɪstɪk ˈɪʃuz ðət əˈfɛkt ɑr ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ənd əˌpriʃiˈeɪʃən əv ðoʊz geɪmz. ðə ˈɔdiəns wɑz nɑt soʊ ˈrɛdi tɪ muv ɔn. ðɛr wər ˈhənərdz əv iˈmeɪlz tɪ ðə ˈɑmbədzmən. ðeɪ ˈtɛndɪd tɪ fɔl ˈɪntu fɔr ˈkætəˌgɔriz. 30 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə rɪˈspɑndənts nɑt ˈoʊnli səˈpɔrtɪd rɪˈlɪʤəs vjuz bət əˈplɔdɪd ðə ˈimərʤəns əv feɪθ ɛz ən ˈænɪˌdoʊt tɪ ðə "pro-gay*" əˈʤɛndə əv ðə ˈmidiə. ʤɪm ˈwɛsən əv ˌlɑfəˈlɛt, tɛn. wɑz ɪkˈsprɛsɪŋ ðə əˈpɪnjən əv ˈmɛni vjuərz wɪn hi roʊt: "ɪf krɪs bruˈsɑrd hæd ɪkˈsprɛst ə pɔɪnt əv vju ju wʊd nɑt hæv ˈkrɪtəˌsaɪzd ɪm fər ɪkˈsprɛsɪŋ hɪz ˈpərsɪnəl ˈfilɪŋz ˈrəðər ðən ˈsɪmpli biɪŋ ə ˈbæskətˌbɔl ˈænəlɪst. ɪts ˈvɛri ˈtrəbəlɪŋ ðət ɪz ˈtɑlərənt əv ˈɛvriˌwən ɪkˈsɛpt ˈkrɪsʧɪnz." 30 pərˈsɛnt səˈpɔrtɪd bruˈsɑrd ɔn fərst əˈmɛndmənt graʊnz. hi hæd ə raɪt tɪ spik hɪz maɪnd. ˈmɛni əv ðiz ˈɔlsoʊ kəmˈpleɪnd ðət ðə rɪˈlɪʤəs bɪˈlifs hi ɪˈspaʊzd du nɑt gɪt ə ˈprɑpər ˈɛrɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈmidiə. 20 pərˈsɛnt sɛd ðeɪ θɔt bruˈsɑrd wɑz weɪ aʊt əv laɪn ənd hæd ˈspoʊkən ˌɪnəˈprɑpriətli. səm θɔt hi ʃʊd bi ˈdɪsəplənd ər faɪərd. ðə keɪs əv ˈfɔrmər ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər rɑb ˈpɑrkər wɑz brɔt əp ɛz ə ˈprɛsɪdənt. ˈpɑrkər, hu ɪz blæk, hæd ˈwəndərd ɔn "fərst teɪk" ˈwɛðər ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈrɛdˌskɪnz kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ˈrɑbərt ˈgrɪfɪn wɑz ən əˈθɛnɪk blæk ər ə ˈbrəðər" hu wɑz "nɑt daʊn wɪθ ðə kɔz." ðɪs wɑz beɪst ɔn ˈgrɪfɪnz ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl, ˈhɛrˌstaɪl ənd waɪt fiancée*. ˈpɑrkər wɑz səˈspɛndɪd, ənd hɪz ˈkɑnˌtrækt wɑz nɑt rɪˈnud. 20 pərˈsɛnt θɔt ˈɛni ˈmɛnʃən əv ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti hæd noʊ pleɪs ɔn ə spɔrts ˈnɛtˌwərk wɔʧt baɪ ˈfæməliz ənd ˈʧɪldrən. ðeɪ ˌɪnˈvoʊkt ðə seɪf ˈheɪvən ˈætəˌtud əˈbaʊt ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈmætərz ðət ˈɔfən ˌɪnˈkludz kəmˈpleɪnts əˈbaʊt kəˈmərʃəlz fər meɪl ˈsɛkʃuəl ɛnˈhænsmənt drəgz. ˈkɛri ˈwɪtwər əv məˈlɪsə, ˈtɛksəs, spoʊk fər ðət pɔɪnt əv vju: "ˈvɛri ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd tɪ wɔk ˈɪntu ɑr ˈfæməli ˈɛriə tɪ maɪ ˌɛləˈmɛnʧri eɪʤ sənz ˈwɑʧɪŋ ənd ðə ˈkəvərɪʤ biɪŋ ə ˈlɛŋθi ˈɪntərvˌju ɔn biɪŋ geɪ ɪn ðə ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl. maɪ sənz ləv spɔrts ənd. ʤɪst ɛz aɪ doʊnt θɪŋk ðət spɔrts ˈkəvərɪʤ nidz tɪ ˌɪnˈklud bɔl pleɪərz ənd ðɛr roʊˈmæntɪk riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps wɪθ ˈwɪmən, ðə seɪm goʊz fər ə mænz riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈəðər mɛn. simz wi hæv streɪd frəm spɔrts ˈkəvərɪʤ tɪ riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp ənd pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈkəvərɪʤ." baɪ ðə taɪm aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd ɛz ˈɑmbədzmən ənd gɑt tɪ tɔk tɪ ðə ˈprɪnsəpəlz ɪn mid-june*, ðə ˈstɔri hæd drɑpt ɔf ðə ˈteɪbəl. noʊ wən æt wɑz ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ɪt. bət ðə ˈɔdiəns, wɪʧ aɪ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt, wɑz stɪl ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd, ənd soʊ wɑz aɪ. ˈgrændərsən toʊld mi ðət "ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɛnt tu fɑr nɑt tu fɑr fər wɛr ɪt nidz tɪ goʊ bət tu fɑr fər ðət nuz ˈstɔri. ɪt wɑz nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən fər, wɪʧ ɪz nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ðə pleɪs tɪ ɪgˈzæmɪn ˌθiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈdɪfərənsɪz." kʊd hi hæv dən ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈdɪfərˈɛntli? "aɪ kʊd hæv ˈɑptɪd tɪ pʊt maɪ ˈigoʊ əˈsaɪd ənd rɪˈmɛmbər ðə ˈpərpəs aɪ wɑz ðɛr fər," hi sɛd. "əm nɑt ˈbækɪŋ əˈweɪ, bət əm ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd tɪ pʊt krɪs ɪn ə pleɪs tɪ bi dɪˈfɛndɪŋ hɪz ˈkrɪsʧɪn vjuz ənd ˈvæljuz." hi hæd hɪz ˈpɑrtɪŋ ʃɑt: "wəts ˈhɑrtˌbreɪkɪŋ ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ gɑd tɪ sprɛd heɪt." ˈkɑlɪnz simd ˈoʊˈkeɪ wɪθ ɪt ə ˈdɛkeɪd əˈgoʊ, bruˈsɑrd ənd aɪ wər ˈkɑligz æt ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz, wɛr hi wɑz noʊn fər ˈhævɪŋ ˈgɪvɪn əp ˈsɛməˌnɛri tɪ pərˈsu ə kərɪr ɪn sportswriting*. hi wɑz ˈfɔrθˈraɪt wɪn wi tɔkt ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ. "ðə ˈmidiə ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl, nɑt ʤɪst, ɪz ˈlɑpˈsaɪdɪd ɪn ɪts ˈkəvərɪʤ," hi sɛd. "ɪts ə ˈʧɪˌrlidər fər ðə ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl ənd ˌseɪmˈsɛks ˈmɛrɪʤ ənd pʊts ðoʊz hu dɪsəˈgri ɪn ən ˌənˈfeɪvərəbəl laɪt. ju kən si ɪt ɪn ðə aɪ ˈroʊlɪŋ ənd ˈbɑdi ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv ˈsoʊˈkɔld əˈbʤɛktɪv ˈʤərnəlɪsts. ˈpipəl ər meɪd aʊt tɪ bi ˈbɪgəts ənd ˌɪnˈtɑlərənt ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðɛr ər niˈændərˌθɔlz ˈprɛzənt ɔn boʊθ saɪdz." bruˈsɑrd sɛd hi wɛnt ɔn ðə ʃoʊ ɛz "ən əˈbʤɛktɪv ˈʤərnəlɪst," bət, bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz, hi wɑz ˈrɛdi tɪ lɛt ðə hoʊst lɛd ɪm. ɛz ɪt tərnd aʊt, ˈgrændərsən lɛd. "aɪ wɑz ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd," bruˈsɑrd sɛd. "aɪ wʊd du ɪt əˈgɛn. ɪt wɑz wət aɪ bɪˈlivd. ɪt wɑz nɑt aʊt əv heɪt, nɑt ɪn ə ʤəʤˈmɛnəl weɪ. ɪt wɑz kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˈdɔktərɪn. "aɪ gɑt ə lɔt əv səˈpɔrt frəm pleɪərz ˈæftərwərd, əˈspɛʃəli frəm ˈkrɪsʧɪnz, hu ləvd ɪt. ˈəðərz toʊld mi aɪ hæd ðə kərɪʤ tɪ spik aʊt. ðeɪ sɛd 'ju gɑt bɪg bɔlz, ˈbrəðər, ju ðə mæn.'" bruˈsɑrd kɔld ˈkɑlɪnz ðə nɛkst naɪt ənd ðeɪ tɔkt fər əˈbaʊt 10 ˈmɪnəts. "aɪ ˈwɔntɪd ɪm tɪ noʊ aɪ ˈwəzənt traɪɪŋ tɪ juz hɪz əˈnaʊnsmɛnt fər maɪ oʊn vjuz. hi simd ˈoʊˈkeɪ wɪθ ɪt." ɛz wɑz, bruˈsɑrd θɔt, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni: dɪd nɑt meɪk mi fil ðeɪ wər əˈgɛnst mi." ðə θərd mæn ɪn ðə rɪŋ, ˈwaɪsmən, hu ɪz biɪŋ juzd mɔr ˈɔfən ɛz ə hoʊst əv, nu ˈnəθɪŋ əˈbaʊt rɪˈlɪʤəs vjuz, hi toʊld mi. nɔr dɪd hɪz prəˈdusərz. ʃʊd ðeɪ hæv? ɪn 2007 ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt (hɪz ˈmɛmˌwɑr, "mæn ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl," wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt baɪ), bruˈsɑrd roʊt ə ˈkɑləm ɔn ðə ˈtɑpɪk fər espn.com*. ɪn ðə pis, hi meɪnˈteɪnd ðət ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi bɪˈlivd ðət ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti, laɪk ˈɛni sɛks ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ə ˈmɛrɪʤ, wɑz ə sɪn, hi ˈɔlsoʊ bɪˈlivd ðət geɪ ənd streɪt pleɪərz kʊd bi ˈtimˌmeɪts. "ɪf aɪ kən əkˈsɛpt ˈwərkɪŋ ˈsaɪdbaɪˈsaɪd wɪθ ə ˌhoʊmoʊˈsɛkʃuəl," hi roʊt, "ðɛn kən əkˈsɛpt ˈwərkɪŋ ˈsaɪdbaɪˈsaɪd wɪθ ˈsəmˌwən hu bɪˈlivz ˌhoʊmoʊˌsɛkʃuˈæləˌti ɪz rɔŋ." hi ˈɔlsoʊ roʊt: "ˈgrænɪd, aɪ doʊnt ʃaʊər wɪθ ˈæftər geɪmz laɪk ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ˈtimˌmeɪts du, ənd aɪl ədˈmɪt ðət ɪf aɪ hæd tɪ, ɪt maɪt bi ə ˈlɪtəl ənˈkəmfərtəbəl æt fərst. ðə ˈkɑləm wɑz 6 jɪrz oʊld, ənd wɑz nuz tɪ ðə ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˌsupərˈvaɪzərz əv ðə ˈeɪprəl ʃoʊ, səm əv hum hæd bɪn æt wɪn ðə ˈkɑləm əˈpɪrd. ɪn ˈfɛrnəs, bruˈsɑrd wɑz ə ˈmægəˌzin ˈfiʧər ˈraɪtər æt ðə taɪm, nɑt lɛd ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ rɪˈpɔrtər fər ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən. ənd wʊd ɪt hæv meɪd ə ˈdɪfərəns hæd ðeɪ noʊn? ðə bɪg ˈtərnɪŋ pɔɪnt ɪn ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɑz wɪn ˈwaɪsmən æst bruˈsɑrd tɪ ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ˈkɑlɪnz' ˈkɔlɪŋ hɪmˈsɛlf ə ˈkrɪsʧɪn. ˈgɪvɪn ðət bruˈsɑrd ənd ˈgrændərsən hæd ɔˈrɛdi dɪˈskraɪbd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ɛz ˈkrɪsʧɪnz, ðə hoʊst wɑz taɪɪŋ əp lus ɛndz baɪ ˈæskɪŋ ə ˈfɑloʊˌəp kˈwɛʃən. ɪt wɑz ˈtɛkstˌbʊk ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm. "æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə deɪ," ˈwaɪsmən sɛd, "aɪ θɔt wi hæd ə rɪˈspɛktfəl, ˌɪnˈtɛləʤənt ənd ˈɑnəst ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən." əm nɑt soʊ ʃʊr əˈbaʊt ðət. ðə ˈproʊˌgræm wɑz ˈləmpi ənd unframed*. ə ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər ənd ə rɪˈpɔrtər wər pʊt ˈɪntu ə pəˈzɪʃən əv point-counterpoint*. ðeɪ wɛnt tu fɑr ənd jɛt nɑt fɑr ɪˈnəf. ˈkɑnsɛpt əv ðə "ənˈkəmfərtəbəl ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən" ʃʊd bi ən ˈæˌspɛkt əv pərˈpɔrtɪd ˈmɪʃən əv ˌɪnˈʤɛktɪŋ mɔr ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm ˈɪntu ɪts ˈkəvərɪʤ. bət ɪt nidz tɪ bi ˈɔfərd ɪn ə ˈkɑntɛkst ðət ɪkˈspleɪnz waɪ ju nid tɪ noʊ əˈbaʊt drəgz, ˈsɛkʃuəl əˈbjuz, ˈməni fər ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈæθˌlits, ˈʧitɪŋ, ðə ˈtɑpɪks ðət səm ɪn ðə ˈɔdiəns wɪl kənˈsɪdər ˈkruʃəl, ˈəðərz ˈeɪliəˌneɪtɪŋ, stɪl ˈəðərz ʤɪst pleɪn bəz ˈkɪlərz. ˈmeɪbi mɔr əv ən ˈɛfərt həz tɪ bi meɪd tɪ pleɪs ðiz ˈstɔriz bɪɔnd ə 13-minute*, 46 ˈsɛkənd slɑt ɔn. ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, ðət oʊld ˈstɔri ɪz ˈkɑnstəntli biɪŋ rɪˈnud baɪ ðə ˈpipəl ɪt ˌɪnˈspaɪərd. tu mənθs ˈleɪtər, ɪn ʤun, aɪ ˈnoʊtɪst ə nu dɪˈspleɪ biɪŋ ˈmaʊnɪd ɪn ðə ɪmˈplɔɪi ˌkæfəˈtɪriə ɪn ˈbrɪstəl. ɪt wɑz kɔld ənd wɑz ˈspɑnsərd baɪ ðə ˈkəmpəniz grup. ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈpænəlz ˈɑnərd geɪ ˈæθˌlits, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ mɑrˈtinə nævˌrætɪˈloʊvə, ˈbɪli bin ənd ðə mæn hu ˈsəmˌtaɪmz gɑt lɔst ɪn ðɪs ˈstɔri, ˈʤeɪsən ˈkɑlɪnz.
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bellevue, wash. -- a neighboring church in bellevue has given a local muslim community a place to gather and pray after the community's mosque, the islamic center of the eastside, was destroyed by arson.
last saturday crews battled a massive fire that ripped through the islamic center of the eastside. police arrested a at the scene after they found him lying on the ground near the fire. he was charged with arson this week.
the muslim community who gathered at the mosque suddenly had no place to pray. they scrambled and got access to a backroom in the highland community center, but that was only temporary. luckily, this week their neighbors stepped up.
the bellevue stake of the church of jesus christ of saints has sat next door to the islamic center for decades. the church saw this as an opportunity to lend a hand.
this week the church offered its neighbors a large open room (a converted classroom) free of charge for families to gather and pray for as long as they need.
“it’s really very simple,” church director of public affairs gordon wilson said. “it’s just neighbors helping neighbors. jesus said, ‘love your neighbor.’ right next door. how can it be more obvious than that?”
the church even left a welcome sign at the front door, along with two large boards covered in messages of hope from members of their congregation.
“it was a surprise, and it was very heartwarming,” islamic center board member said. “that means a lot to me and to our whole congregation.”
the islamic center community plans to lease a larger space in the next few months, but now they have to rush.
pirbhai says their community has been blown away by the outpouring of support from families and groups around bellevue. and this gesture holds a special place.
“they are really good neighbors and really helping us out,” said. “and we appreciate that.”
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ˈbɛlvˌju, wɑʃ. ə ˈneɪbərɪŋ ʧərʧ ɪn ˈbɛlvˌju həz ˈgɪvɪn ə ˈloʊkəl ˈməzlɪm kəmˈjunɪti ə pleɪs tɪ ˈgæðər ənd preɪ ˈæftər ðə kəmˈjunɪtiz mɔsk, ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈsɛnər əv ðə eastside*, wɑz dɪˈstrɔɪd baɪ ˈɑrsən. læst ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ kruz ˈbætəld ə ˈmæsɪv faɪər ðət rɪpt θru ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈsɛnər əv ðə eastside*. pəˈlis ərˈɛstɪd ə æt ðə sin ˈæftər ðeɪ faʊnd ɪm laɪɪŋ ɔn ðə graʊnd nɪr ðə faɪər. hi wɑz ʧɑrʤd wɪθ ˈɑrsən ðɪs wik. ðə ˈməzlɪm kəmˈjunɪti hu ˈgæðərd æt ðə mɔsk ˈsədənli hæd noʊ pleɪs tɪ preɪ. ðeɪ ˈskræmbəld ənd gɑt ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ə ˈbæˌkrum ɪn ðə ˈhaɪlənd kəmˈjunɪti ˈsɛnər, bət ðət wɑz ˈoʊnli ˈtɛmpərˌɛri. ˈləkəli, ðɪs wik ðɛr ˈneɪbərz stɛpt əp. ðə ˈbɛlvˌju steɪk əv ðə ʧərʧ əv ˈʤizəs kraɪst əv seɪnts həz sæt nɛkst dɔr tɪ ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈsɛnər fər ˈdɛkeɪdz. ðə ʧərʧ sɔ ðɪs ɛz ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ lɛnd ə hænd. ðɪs wik ðə ʧərʧ ˈɔfərd ɪts ˈneɪbərz ə lɑrʤ ˈoʊpən rum (ə kənˈvərtɪd ˈklæsˌrum) fri əv ʧɑrʤ fər ˈfæməliz tɪ ˈgæðər ənd preɪ fər ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ðeɪ nid. ˈrɪli ˈvɛri simple,”*,” ʧərʧ dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈpəblɪk əˈfɛrz ˈgɔrdən ˈwɪlsən sɛd. ʤɪst ˈneɪbərz ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈneɪbərz. ˈʤizəs sɛd, jʊr neighbor.’*.’ raɪt nɛkst dɔr. haʊ kən ɪt bi mɔr ˈɑbviəs ðən that?”*?” ðə ʧərʧ ˈivɪn lɛft ə ˈwɛlkəm saɪn æt ðə frənt dɔr, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ tu lɑrʤ bɔrdz ˈkəvərd ɪn ˈmɛsɪʤɪz əv hoʊp frəm ˈmɛmbərz əv ðɛr ˌkɑŋgrəˈgeɪʃən. wɑz ə səˈpraɪz, ənd ɪt wɑz ˈvɛri heartwarming,”*,” ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈsɛnər bɔrd ˈmɛmbər sɛd. minz ə lɔt tɪ mi ənd tɪ ɑr hoʊl congregation.”*.” ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈsɛnər kəmˈjunɪti plænz tɪ lis ə ˈlɑrʤər speɪs ɪn ðə nɛkst fju mənθs, bət naʊ ðeɪ hæv tɪ rəʃ. sɪz ðɛr kəmˈjunɪti həz bɪn bloʊn əˈweɪ baɪ ðə ˌaʊtˈpɔrɪŋ əv səˈpɔrt frəm ˈfæməliz ənd grups əraʊnd ˈbɛlvˌju. ənd ðɪs ˈʤɛsʧər hoʊldz ə ˈspɛʃəl pleɪs. ər ˈrɪli gʊd ˈneɪbərz ənd ˈrɪli ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs out,”*,” sɛd. wi əˈpriʃiˌeɪt that.”*.”
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9:21am: the discussions were held during the meetings and “have yet to advance beyond [the] initial stage,” adds on twitter.
8:27am: the giants and tigers have discussed the possibility of a swap that would send outfielder j.d. martinez out west, according to jon of network (via twitter). detroit has been said to be willing to consider deals involving all its veteran assets, so news of the discussions is hardly surprising. as things stand, no reason to believe any particular momentum toward a transaction.
entering his final year of team control, martinez is a clear trade candidate, particularly since the tigers have made clear they pursue an extension with him. martinez is owed $11.75mm this year as part of the contract he signed last winter to buy out his remaining arbitration years. though detroit is looking to trim salary in the long run, that mean it keep him for one more run. but the reasonable salary and short commitment also make martinez a highly appealing trade chip, which the tigers could use to boost their efforts to develop a younger and more roster.
martinez has turned himself into one of the premier power hitters since joining the tigers as a minor league free agent just before the 2014 season. since that time, he owns a .299/.357/.540 slash line and has hit 83 home runs in plate appearances. though martinez missed time last year after suffering a freak elbow fracture, he returned as good as ever. while metrics liked his in right field in 2015, they were way down on him last season, and martinez has never rated well on the basepaths. despite those questions, the bat does plenty to carry his value, and martinez only just turned 29.
martinez has batted a combined .299/.357/.540 over the past three years and averaged 34 homers per 162 games played along the way. he missed nearly two months of the 2016 season with a fracture in his elbow but was improbably even better after his time on the dl, slashing .332/.392/.553 with 10 homers over his final 232 plate appearances (albeit with the help of an unsustainable .418 babip).
the fit with the giants makes a good bit of sense on paper at least, that is, if san francisco is willing to cough up enough of interest to get something done. certainly, the need is there, as the club has an opening in left field and surely mind filling it with another big bat. with several significant long-term contracts on the books, though, and the possibility of a second madison bumgarner extension on the horizon, there would seem to be appeal in a one-year obligation.
parting with young talent always hurts, but there are countervailing considerations at play here. dealing for martinez would deliver a team exclusive negotiating rights with him until he reaches free agency, so always the possibility of striking a accord at a more appealing price than could be found on the open market. and then the fact that be an obvious qualifying offer candidate next winter, which would open the door to draft compensation, although ongoing collective bargaining talks inject some uncertainty into that consideration.
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9:21am*: ðə dɪˈskəʃənz wər hɛld ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈmitɪŋz ənd jɛt tɪ ədˈvæns bɪɔnd [ðə] ˌɪˈnɪʃəl stage,”*,” ædz ɔn tˈwɪtər. 8:27am*: ðə ʤaɪənts ənd ˈtaɪgərz hæv dɪˈskəst ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ə swɑp ðət wʊd sɛnd ˈaʊtˌfildər j.d*. mɑrˈtinɛz aʊt wɛst, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ʤɑn əv ˈnɛtˌwərk (ˈviə tˈwɪtər). ˈdiˌtrɔɪt həz bɪn sɛd tɪ bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ kənˈsɪdər dilz ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ɔl ɪts ˈvɛtərən ˈæˌsɛts, soʊ nuz əv ðə dɪˈskəʃənz ɪz ˈhɑrdli səˈpraɪzɪŋ. ɛz θɪŋz stænd, noʊ ˈrizən tɪ bɪˈliv ˈɛni ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr moʊˈmɛntəm təˈwɔrd ə trænˈzækʃən. ˈɛnərɪŋ hɪz ˈfaɪnəl jɪr əv tim kənˈtroʊl, mɑrˈtinɛz ɪz ə klɪr treɪd ˈkænədɪt, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli sɪns ðə ˈtaɪgərz hæv meɪd klɪr ðeɪ pərˈsu ən ɪkˈstɛnʃən wɪθ ɪm. mɑrˈtinɛz ɪz oʊd ðɪs jɪr ɛz pɑrt əv ðə ˈkɑnˌtrækt hi saɪnd læst ˈwɪntər tɪ baɪ aʊt hɪz rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˌɑrbɪˈtreɪʃən jɪrz. ðoʊ ˈdiˌtrɔɪt ɪz ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ trɪm ˈsæləri ɪn ðə lɔŋ rən, ðət min ɪt kip ɪm fər wən mɔr rən. bət ðə ˈrizənəbəl ˈsæləri ənd ʃɔrt kəˈmɪtmənt ˈɔlsoʊ meɪk mɑrˈtinɛz ə ˈhaɪli əˈpilɪŋ treɪd ʧɪp, wɪʧ ðə ˈtaɪgərz kʊd juz tɪ bust ðɛr ˈɛfərts tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ə ˈjəŋgər ənd mɔr ˈrɑstər. mɑrˈtinɛz həz tərnd hɪmˈsɛlf ˈɪntu wən əv ðə prɛˈmɪr paʊər ˈhɪtərz sɪns ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ðə ˈtaɪgərz ɛz ə ˈmaɪnər lig fri ˈeɪʤənt ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ðə 2014 ˈsizən. sɪns ðət taɪm, hi oʊnz ə slæʃ laɪn ənd həz hɪt 83 hoʊm rənz ɪn pleɪt əˈpɪrənsəz. ðoʊ mɑrˈtinɛz mɪst taɪm læst jɪr ˈæftər ˈsəfərɪŋ ə frik ˈɛlˌboʊ ˈfrækʧər, hi rɪˈtərnd ɛz gʊd ɛz ˈɛvər. waɪl ˈmɛtrɪks laɪkt hɪz ɪn raɪt fild ɪn 2015 ðeɪ wər weɪ daʊn ɔn ɪm læst ˈsizən, ənd mɑrˈtinɛz həz ˈnɛvər ˈreɪtɪd wɛl ɔn ðə basepaths*. dɪˈspaɪt ðoʊz kˈwɛsʧənz, ðə bæt dɪz ˈplɛnti tɪ ˈkɛri hɪz ˈvælju, ənd mɑrˈtinɛz ˈoʊnli ʤɪst tərnd 29 mɑrˈtinɛz həz ˈbætɪd ə kəmˈbaɪnd ˈoʊvər ðə pæst θri jɪrz ənd ˈævrɪʤd 34 ˈhoʊmərz pər 162 geɪmz pleɪd əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ. hi mɪst ˈnɪrli tu mənθs əv ðə 2016 ˈsizən wɪθ ə ˈfrækʧər ɪn hɪz ˈɛlˌboʊ bət wɑz ˌɪmˈprɑbəbli ˈivɪn ˈbɛtər ˈæftər hɪz taɪm ɔn ðə dl*, sˈlæʃɪŋ wɪθ 10 ˈhoʊmərz ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈfaɪnəl 232 pleɪt əˈpɪrənsəz (ɔlˈbiɪt wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv ən ˌənsəˈsteɪnəbəl 418 babip*). ðə fɪt wɪθ ðə ʤaɪənts meɪks ə gʊd bɪt əv sɛns ɔn ˈpeɪpər æt list, ðət ɪz, ɪf sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ɪz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ kɔf əp ɪˈnəf əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst tɪ gɪt ˈsəmθɪŋ dən. ˈsərtənli, ðə nid ɪz ðɛr, ɛz ðə kləb həz ən ˈoʊpənɪŋ ɪn lɛft fild ənd ˈʃʊrli maɪnd ˈfɪlɪŋ ɪt wɪθ əˈnəðər bɪg bæt. wɪθ ˈsɛvərəl sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈkɑnˌtrækts ɔn ðə bʊks, ðoʊ, ənd ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ə ˈsɛkənd ˈmædɪsən ˈbəmˌgɑrnər ɪkˈstɛnʃən ɔn ðə hərˈaɪzən, ðɛr wʊd sim tɪ bi əˈpil ɪn ə ˈwənˌjɪr ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃən. ˈpɑrtɪŋ wɪθ jəŋ ˈtælənt ˈɔlˌweɪz hərts, bət ðɛr ər ˈkaʊntərˌveɪlɪŋ kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃənz æt pleɪ hir. ˈdilɪŋ fər mɑrˈtinɛz wʊd dɪˈlɪvər ə tim ɪkˈsklusɪv nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪtɪŋ raɪts wɪθ ɪm ənˈtɪl hi ˈriʧɪz fri ˈeɪʤənsi, soʊ ˈɔlˌweɪz ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ˈstraɪkɪŋ ə əˈkɔrd æt ə mɔr əˈpilɪŋ praɪs ðən kʊd bi faʊnd ɔn ðə ˈoʊpən ˈmɑrkɪt. ənd ðɛn ðə fækt ðət bi ən ˈɑbviəs kˈwɑləˌfaɪɪŋ ˈɔfər ˈkænədɪt nɛkst ˈwɪntər, wɪʧ wʊd ˈoʊpən ðə dɔr tɪ dræft ˌkɑmpənˈseɪʃən, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ kəˈlɛktɪv ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ tɔks ˌɪnˈʤɛkt səm ənˈsərtənti ˈɪntu ðət kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən.
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former michigan supreme court chief justice bob young jr. officially announced his candidacy for u.s. senate wednesday, describing himself as a "black, conservative republican" who will lay down the law in washington.
in a statement to the media sent wednesday morning, young said if elected he would focus on reducing the size of government and preventing government from "getting in the way of businesses and communities solving problems and creating jobs."
"michigan used to be a place where the limits were only on how hard we worked and how high we could aspire," he said. "and we need to make michigan that way again - for everyone."
he plans to live stream an announcement on his campaign facebook page at 2 p.m. wednesday.
i'm the we need in dc! posted by bob young, jr. on wednesday, june 28, 2017
former state supreme court justice robert young says he plans to run for u.s. senate former michigan supreme court chief justice robert young is planning to mount a challenge to u.s. sen. debbie stabenow in 2018, he told attendees of a republican breakfast in midland monday.
young is the second republican to mount a campaign for the 2018 senate race in the hopes of challenging sitting sen. debbie stabenow, d-lansing. young criticized stabenow as a "product of the past" whose policies have failed detroit and michigan.
lena epstein, a businesswoman and a former of president donald trump's michigan campaign, announced her campaign in may. she said in a statement following young's announcement that he and stabenow have been in elected office nearly 60 years combined, and said she provides a different vision than people who have been in office for decades.
"voters across michigan spoke loud and clear in 2016 that they are looking for outside leaders with business experience," she said. "i will defend president trump, fight to end sanctuary cities, and build the wall. i look forward to debating bob young and debbie stabenow on these important issues in the months ahead."
in a statement, michigan democratic party chair brandon dillon defended stabenow, saying she fights tirelessly for michigan every day.
"we need someone on the side of michigan families, not special interests," he said.
young retired from the michigan supreme court in april after 18 years on the bench. after his retirement, young returned to private practice with the firm dickinson wright, where he first practiced after graduating from harvard law school starting in 1978.
he served on the court of appeals before moving to the michigan supreme court. he was chief justice of the michigan supreme court from 2011 to 2017 and was last elected in 2010 to serve an term that would have ended in 2019.
the former justice has been a rumored contender for the seat since his retirement, but made his intentions clear during a recent republican party breakfast in midland. when asked by an attendee whether he would run for senate, young told the crowd he would.
young now has a campaign website -- -- and has formed a candidate committee with the federal election commission.
trump's michigan announces candidacy for u.s. senate lena epstein,woman of donald trump's michigan campaign, has announced her candidacy for u.s. senate.
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ˈfɔrmər ˈmɪʃɪgən səˈprim kɔrt ʧif ˈʤəstɪs bɑb jəŋ jr*. əˈfɪʃəli əˈnaʊnst hɪz ˈkændɪdəsi fər juz. ˈsɛnɪt ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ hɪmˈsɛlf ɛz ə "blæk, kənˈsərvətɪv rɪˈpəblɪkən" hu wɪl leɪ daʊn ðə lɔ ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən. ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt tɪ ðə ˈmidiə sɛnt ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ, jəŋ sɛd ɪf ɪˈlɛktɪd hi wʊd ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn rɪˈdusɪŋ ðə saɪz əv ˈgəvərnmənt ənd prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ˈgəvərnmənt frəm "ˈgɪtɪŋ ɪn ðə weɪ əv ˈbɪznɪsɪz ənd kəmˈjunɪtiz ˈsɑlvɪŋ ˈprɑbləmz ənd kriˈeɪtɪŋ ʤɑbz." "ˈmɪʃɪgən juzd tɪ bi ə pleɪs wɛr ðə ˈlɪmɪts wər ˈoʊnli ɔn haʊ hɑrd wi wərkt ənd haʊ haɪ wi kʊd əˈspaɪr," hi sɛd. "ənd wi nid tɪ meɪk ˈmɪʃɪgən ðət weɪ əˈgɛn fər ˈɛvriˌwən." hi plænz tɪ lɪv strim ən əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ɔn hɪz kæmˈpeɪn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ æt 2 p.m*. ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. əm ðə wi nid ɪn ˌdiˈsi! ˈpoʊstɪd baɪ bɑb jəŋ, jr*. ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ʤun 28 2017 ˈfɔrmər steɪt səˈprim kɔrt ˈʤəstɪs ˈrɑbərt jəŋ sɪz hi plænz tɪ rən fər juz. ˈsɛnɪt ˈfɔrmər ˈmɪʃɪgən səˈprim kɔrt ʧif ˈʤəstɪs ˈrɑbərt jəŋ ɪz ˈplænɪŋ tɪ maʊnt ə ˈʧælənʤ tɪ juz. sɛn. ˈdɛbi ˈstæbɪnoʊ ɪn 2018 hi toʊld əˈtɛnˈdiz əv ə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈbrɛkfəst ɪn ˈmɪˌdlænd ˈmənˌdeɪ. jəŋ ɪz ðə ˈsɛkənd rɪˈpəblɪkən tɪ maʊnt ə kæmˈpeɪn fər ðə 2018 ˈsɛnɪt reɪs ɪn ðə hoʊps əv ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ˈsɪtɪŋ sɛn. ˈdɛbi ˈstæbɪnoʊ, d-lansing*. jəŋ ˈkrɪtəˌsaɪzd ˈstæbɪnoʊ ɛz ə "ˈprɑdəkt əv ðə pæst" huz ˈpɑləsiz hæv feɪld ˈdiˌtrɔɪt ənd ˈmɪʃɪgən. ˈlinə ˈɛpˌstin, ə ˈbɪznɪsˌwʊmən ənd ə ˈfɔrmər əv ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdɑnəld trəmps ˈmɪʃɪgən kæmˈpeɪn, əˈnaʊnst hər kæmˈpeɪn ɪn meɪ. ʃi sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt ˈfɑloʊɪŋ jəŋz əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ðət hi ənd ˈstæbɪnoʊ hæv bɪn ɪn ɪˈlɛktɪd ˈɔfəs ˈnɪrli 60 jɪrz kəmˈbaɪnd, ənd sɛd ʃi prəˈvaɪdz ə ˈdɪfərənt ˈvɪʒən ðən ˈpipəl hu hæv bɪn ɪn ˈɔfəs fər ˈdɛkeɪdz. "ˈvoʊtərz əˈkrɔs ˈmɪʃɪgən spoʊk laʊd ənd klɪr ɪn 2016 ðət ðeɪ ər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈlidərz wɪθ ˈbɪznɪs ɪkˈspɪriəns," ʃi sɛd. "aɪ wɪl dɪˈfɛnd ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp, faɪt tɪ ɛnd ˈsæŋkʧuˌɛri ˈsɪtiz, ənd bɪld ðə wɔl. aɪ lʊk ˈfɔrwərd tɪ dəˈbeɪtɪŋ bɑb jəŋ ənd ˈdɛbi ˈstæbɪnoʊ ɔn ðiz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈɪʃuz ɪn ðə mənθs əˈhɛd." ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt, ˈmɪʃɪgən ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti ʧɛr ˈbrændən ˈdɪlən dɪˈfɛndɪd ˈstæbɪnoʊ, seɪɪŋ ʃi faɪts ˈtaɪrləsli fər ˈmɪʃɪgən ˈɛvəri deɪ. "wi nid ˈsəmˌwən ɔn ðə saɪd əv ˈmɪʃɪgən ˈfæməliz, nɑt ˈspɛʃəl ˈɪntərɪsts," hi sɛd. jəŋ rɪˈtaɪrd frəm ðə ˈmɪʃɪgən səˈprim kɔrt ɪn ˈeɪprəl ˈæftər 18 jɪrz ɔn ðə bɛnʧ. ˈæftər hɪz rɪˈtaɪərmənt, jəŋ rɪˈtərnd tɪ ˈpraɪvət ˈpræktɪs wɪθ ðə fərm ˈdɪkɪnsən raɪt, wɛr hi fərst ˈpræktɪst ˈæftər ˈgræʤəˌweɪtɪŋ frəm ˈhɑrvərd lɔ skul ˈstɑrtɪŋ ɪn 1978 hi sərvd ɔn ðə kɔrt əv əˈpilz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmuvɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈmɪʃɪgən səˈprim kɔrt. hi wɑz ʧif ˈʤəstɪs əv ðə ˈmɪʃɪgən səˈprim kɔrt frəm 2011 tɪ 2017 ənd wɑz læst ɪˈlɛktɪd ɪn 2010 tɪ sərv ən tərm ðət wʊd hæv ˈɛndɪd ɪn 2019 ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈʤəstɪs həz bɪn ə ˈrumərd kənˈtɛndər fər ðə sit sɪns hɪz rɪˈtaɪərmənt, bət meɪd hɪz ˌɪnˈtɛnʧənz klɪr ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈrisənt rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti ˈbrɛkfəst ɪn ˈmɪˌdlænd. wɪn æst baɪ ən əˈtɛnˈdi ˈwɛðər hi wʊd rən fər ˈsɛnɪt, jəŋ toʊld ðə kraʊd hi wʊd. jəŋ naʊ həz ə kæmˈpeɪn ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ənd həz fɔrmd ə ˈkænədɪt kəˈmɪti wɪθ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ɪˈlɛkʃən kəˈmɪʃən. trəmps ˈmɪʃɪgən əˈnaʊnsɪz ˈkændɪdəsi fər juz. ˈsɛnɪt ˈlinə ˈɛpˌstin, əv ˈdɑnəld trəmps ˈmɪʃɪgən kæmˈpeɪn, həz əˈnaʊnst hər ˈkændɪdəsi fər juz. ˈsɛnɪt.
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new york (reuters health) - programs focused on both diet and exercise may help people who have lost weight keep the pounds from creeping back on, according to a new analysis of past studies.
clients work out on machines in arvada, colorado june 15, 2009. wilking
orlistat, an obesity drug, may also be effective when taken at higher doses, researchers found.
more than one third of u.s. adults are obese, and obesity raises the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes and some types of cancer. losing weight - and keeping it off - can reduce those risks.
“long term weight loss through changes in eating and physical activity is possible, even in adults who have already acquired obesity related illness, and effective weight loss programs are now available,” researchers led by stephan dombrowski of newcastle university in the write.
they pooled data from 45 studies that included a total of adults who had lost at least five percent of their body weight. the studies looked at ability to keep the weight off for a minimum of one year.
forty-two of the studies included an initial phase meant to produce weight loss. the participants in those studies lost an average of about 24 pounds.
the studies all looked at medication or lifestyle changes such as diet, physical activity and meal replacements, either alone or in combination, to help with weight loss maintenance.
the researchers found that people participating in programs that combined diet and exercise gained back fewer pounds after one year compared to people receiving no extra help with weight maintenance or standard treatment only.
they also found that combining with behavioral changes resulted in 4 fewer pounds regained after one year compared to participants who took a placebo.
orlistat appeared to be more effective at larger doses, according to results published in the british medical journal bmj. but the drug also came with gastrointestinal side effects.
lori rosenthal said the findings echo previous research and that it was “interesting” that the authors included data from so many studies.
rosenthal is a dietician at montefiore medical center in bronx, new york. she was not involved in the new review.
“i think great that they covered so many different studies but also so much variety and the long-term research there, you know - going beyond 24 months,” she told reuters health.
still, “we know that interventions like diet and physical activity are really important in preventing weight regain after losing,” she said.
rosenthal noted that participants who had dropped out of the programs were not always included in the findings, and that could affect the results.
“weight management is hard,” she said. “people have to realize that not just the losing it - for life, and if you like what doing, if it work for you, not going to stick with it.”
support during the weight management phase is important, rosenthal added. there are support groups and dietitians who can give people tricks and tools to help make it easier, she said.
she offered some advice for people who have lost weight and are moving into a maintenance phase.
“it’s really important to remember that weight management is a mind and a stomach game,” she said. “you have to feel good about what having.”
“really make sure you find foods you like - that choosing foods not because on a diet but because you like them,” rosenthal said. “you have to like them more than the other things you were eating before.”
rosenthal said that if people like the new foods they eat or their new routine, they will be more likely to go right back to old habits.
she said being mindful and chewing slowly also allows people to enjoy their food and eat less.
source: bmj, online may 14, 2014.
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nu jɔrk (ˈrɔɪtərz hɛlθ) ˈproʊˌgræmz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn boʊθ daɪət ənd ˈɛksərˌsaɪz meɪ hɛlp ˈpipəl hu hæv lɔst weɪt kip ðə paʊnz frəm ˈkripɪŋ bæk ɔn, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə nu æˈnælɪsɪs əv pæst ˈstədiz. klaɪənts wərk aʊt ɔn məˈʃinz ɪn arvada*, ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ ʤun 15 2009 ˈwɪlkɪŋ, ən əˈbisəti drəg, meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈifɛktɪv wɪn ˈteɪkən æt haɪər ˈdoʊsɪz, ˈrisərʧərz faʊnd. mɔr ðən wən θərd əv juz. ˈædəlts ər əˈbis, ənd əˈbisəti ˈreɪzɪz ðə rɪsk əv hɑrt dɪˈziz, taɪp 2 ˌdaɪəˈbitiz ənd səm taɪps əv ˈkænsər. ˈluzɪŋ weɪt ənd ˈkipɪŋ ɪt ɔf kən rɪˈdus ðoʊz rɪsks. tərm weɪt lɔs θru ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ˈitɪŋ ənd ˈfɪzɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl, ˈivɪn ɪn ˈædəlts hu hæv ɔˈrɛdi əkˈwaɪərd əˈbisəti rɪˈleɪtɪd ˈɪlnəs, ənd ˈifɛktɪv weɪt lɔs ˈproʊˌgræmz ər naʊ available,”*,” ˈrisərʧərz lɛd baɪ ˈstɛfən dəmˈbrɔfski əv ˈnuˌkæsəl ˌjunəˈvərsəti ɪn ðə raɪt. ðeɪ puld ˈdætə frəm 45 ˈstədiz ðət ˌɪnˈkludɪd ə ˈtoʊtəl əv ˈædəlts hu hæd lɔst æt list faɪv pərˈsɛnt əv ðɛr ˈbɑdi weɪt. ðə ˈstədiz lʊkt æt əˈbɪləˌti tɪ kip ðə weɪt ɔf fər ə ˈmɪnəməm əv wən jɪr. əv ðə ˈstədiz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ən ˌɪˈnɪʃəl feɪz mɛnt tɪ ˈproʊdus weɪt lɔs. ðə pɑrˈtɪsəpənts ɪn ðoʊz ˈstədiz lɔst ən ˈævərɪʤ əv əˈbaʊt 24 paʊnz. ðə ˈstədiz ɔl lʊkt æt ˌmɛdəˈkeɪʃən ər ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz səʧ ɛz daɪət, ˈfɪzɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti ənd mil riˈpleɪsmənts, ˈiðər əˈloʊn ər ɪn ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən, tɪ hɛlp wɪθ weɪt lɔs ˈmeɪntənəns. ðə ˈrisərʧərz faʊnd ðət ˈpipəl pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈproʊˌgræmz ðət kəmˈbaɪnd daɪət ənd ˈɛksərˌsaɪz geɪnd bæk fjuər paʊnz ˈæftər wən jɪr kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ˈpipəl rɪˈsivɪŋ noʊ ˈɛkstrə hɛlp wɪθ weɪt ˈmeɪntənəns ər ˈstændərd ˈtritmənt ˈoʊnli. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ faʊnd ðət kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ wɪθ bɪˈheɪvjərəl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn 4 fjuər paʊnz riˈgeɪnd ˈæftər wən jɪr kəmˈpɛrd tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəpənts hu tʊk ə pləˈsiboʊ. əˈpɪrd tɪ bi mɔr ˈifɛktɪv æt ˈlɑrʤər ˈdoʊsɪz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ rɪˈzəlts ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈʤərnəl bmj*. bət ðə drəg ˈɔlsoʊ keɪm wɪθ ˌgæstroʊɪnˈtɛstənəl saɪd ˈifɛkts. ˈlɔri ˈroʊzənˌθɔl sɛd ðə ˈfaɪndɪŋz ˈɛkoʊ ˈpriviəs ˈrisərʧ ənd ðət ɪt wɑz ““interesting”*” ðət ðə ˈɔθərz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˈdætə frəm soʊ ˈmɛni ˈstədiz. ˈroʊzənˌθɔl ɪz ə ˌdaɪəˈtɪʃən æt ˌmɑntəfˈjɔr ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsɛnər ɪn brɑŋks, nu jɔrk. ʃi wɑz nɑt ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə nu ˌrivˈju. θɪŋk greɪt ðət ðeɪ ˈkəvərd soʊ ˈmɛni ˈdɪfərənt ˈstədiz bət ˈɔlsoʊ soʊ məʧ vərˈaɪəti ənd ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈrisərʧ ðɛr, ju noʊ goʊɪŋ bɪɔnd 24 months,”*,” ʃi toʊld ˈrɔɪtərz hɛlθ. stɪl, noʊ ðət ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃənz laɪk daɪət ənd ˈfɪzɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti ər ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɪn prɪˈvɛnɪŋ weɪt rɪˈgeɪn ˈæftər losing,”*,” ʃi sɛd. ˈroʊzənˌθɔl ˈnoʊtɪd ðət pɑrˈtɪsəpənts hu hæd drɑpt aʊt əv ðə ˈproʊˌgræmz wər nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə ˈfaɪndɪŋz, ənd ðət kʊd əˈfɛkt ðə rɪˈzəlts. ˈmænɪʤmənt ɪz hard,”*,” ʃi sɛd. hæv tɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz ðət nɑt ʤɪst ðə ˈluzɪŋ ɪt fər laɪf, ənd ɪf ju laɪk wət duɪŋ, ɪf ɪt wərk fər ju, nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ stɪk wɪθ it.”*.” səˈpɔrt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə weɪt ˈmænɪʤmənt feɪz ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, ˈroʊzənˌθɔl ˈædɪd. ðɛr ər səˈpɔrt grups ənd ˌdaɪəˈtɪʃənz hu kən gɪv ˈpipəl trɪks ənd tulz tɪ hɛlp meɪk ɪt ˈiziər, ʃi sɛd. ʃi ˈɔfərd səm ədˈvaɪs fər ˈpipəl hu hæv lɔst weɪt ənd ər ˈmuvɪŋ ˈɪntu ə ˈmeɪntənəns feɪz. ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ rɪˈmɛmbər ðət weɪt ˈmænɪʤmənt ɪz ə maɪnd ənd ə ˈstəmək game,”*,” ʃi sɛd. hæv tɪ fil gʊd əˈbaʊt wət having.”*.” meɪk ʃʊr ju faɪnd fudz ju laɪk ðət ˈʧuzɪŋ fudz nɑt bɪˈkəz ɔn ə daɪət bət bɪˈkəz ju laɪk them,”*,” ˈroʊzənˌθɔl sɛd. hæv tɪ laɪk ðɛm mɔr ðən ðə ˈəðər θɪŋz ju wər ˈitɪŋ before.”*.” ˈroʊzənˌθɔl sɛd ðət ɪf ˈpipəl laɪk ðə nu fudz ðeɪ it ər ðɛr nu ruˈtin, ðeɪ wɪl bi mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ goʊ raɪt bæk tɪ oʊld ˈhæbəts. ʃi sɛd biɪŋ ˈmaɪndfəl ənd ʧuɪŋ sˈloʊli ˈɔlsoʊ əˈlaʊz ˈpipəl tɪ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ðɛr fud ənd it lɛs. sɔrs: bmj*, ˈɔnˌlaɪn meɪ 14 2014
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chicago (reuters) - u.s. lawmakers are investigating whether u.s. environmental protection agency staff influenced the world health review of and its finding that the herbicide probably causes cancer, according to a letter sent to the agency on tuesday.
the letter from the u.s. house of representatives committee on science, space and technology is part of an ongoing investigation into the agency after the posted and withdrew an internal report that said was not cancer causing.
one question that lawmakers are trying to answer, according to legislative sources, is whether staff allowed personal bias to colour the scientific review of, the chemical in monsanto roundup herbicide.
some staff participated in both the u.s. review and the who review. while the line of investigation was not clear, lawmakers cited the contradictory findings of the two reviews.
those reviews were by the’s cancer assessment review committee or and the cancer arm, the international agency for research on cancer or.
“given the apparent contradictions of the and findings for ..., the committee has concerns about the integrity” of the who review, the role of officials in that review and their influence on the outcome of the study, the letter to the seen by reuters said.
according to the letter, lawmakers want congressional staff to interview four top officials who were involved in one or both reviews of.
an spokeswoman said tuesday the agency had received the letter, was reviewing it and would respond.
in an earlier letter sent to the committee, the agency said that publishing the cancer assessment review report was an accident and that the cancer review was still ongoing.
the said it was “currently reviewing our standard operating procedures for the release of documents to avoid the inadvertent release of information in the future.”
the congressional committee began its investigation into the last month after the report by the’s cancer assessment review committee became briefly public.
the report found that was “not likely” to beinogenic to humans. it also appeared to dispute the report and questioned its analysis.
the last year classified as “probablyinogenic to humans.”
the agriculture committee previously said it too was examining the review of and atrazine, another chemical used in agricultural herbicides.
the agriculture committee also wanted to know what steps still needed to be taken to and issue the report, which it had expected in july 2015.
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ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ (ˈrɔɪtərz) juz. ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ər ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ˈwɛðər juz. ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl prəˈtɛkʃən ˈeɪʤənsi stæf ˈɪnfluənst ðə wərld hɛlθ ˌrivˈju əv ənd ɪts ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðət ðə ˈərbɪˌsaɪd ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈkɔzɪz ˈkænsər, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈlɛtər sɛnt tɪ ðə ˈeɪʤənsi ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ. ðə ˈlɛtər frəm ðə juz. haʊs əv ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz kəˈmɪti ɔn saɪəns, speɪs ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪz pɑrt əv ən ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ðə ˈeɪʤənsi ˈæftər ðə ˈpoʊstɪd ənd wɪθˈdru ən ˌɪnˈtərnəl rɪˈpɔrt ðət sɛd wɑz nɑt ˈkænsər ˈkɔzɪŋ. wən kˈwɛʃən ðət ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ər traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈænsər, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈsɔrsəz, ɪz ˈwɛðər stæf əˈlaʊd ˈpərsɪnəl baɪəs tɪ ˈkələr ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˌrivˈju əv, ðə ˈkɛmɪkəl ɪn ˌmɑnˈsæntoʊ ˈraʊnˌdəp ˈərbɪˌsaɪd. səm stæf pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ɪn boʊθ ðə juz. ˌrivˈju ənd ðə hu ˌrivˈju. waɪl ðə laɪn əv ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən wɑz nɑt klɪr, ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ˈsaɪtɪd ðə ˌkɑntrəˈdɪktəri ˈfaɪndɪŋz əv ðə tu rəvˈjuz. ðoʊz rəvˈjuz wər baɪ ðə ˈkænsər əˈsɛsmənt ˌrivˈju kəˈmɪti ər ənd ðə ˈkænsər ɑrm, ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈeɪʤənsi fər ˈrisərʧ ɔn ˈkænsər ər. ðə əˈpɛrənt ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkʃənz əv ðə ənd ˈfaɪndɪŋz fər ðə kəˈmɪti həz kənˈsərnz əˈbaʊt ðə integrity”*” əv ðə hu ˌrivˈju, ðə roʊl əv əˈfɪʃəlz ɪn ðət ˌrivˈju ənd ðɛr ˈɪnfluəns ɔn ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm əv ðə ˈstədi, ðə ˈlɛtər tɪ ðə sin baɪ ˈrɔɪtərz sɛd. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈlɛtər, ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz wɔnt kənˈgrɛʃənəl stæf tɪ ˈɪntərvˌju fɔr tɔp əˈfɪʃəlz hu wər ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn wən ər boʊθ rəvˈjuz əv. ən ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən sɛd ˈtuzˌdeɪ ðə ˈeɪʤənsi hæd rɪˈsivd ðə ˈlɛtər, wɑz rivˈjuɪŋ ɪt ənd wʊd rɪˈspɑnd. ɪn ən ˈərliər ˈlɛtər sɛnt tɪ ðə kəˈmɪti, ðə ˈeɪʤənsi sɛd ðət ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ ðə ˈkænsər əˈsɛsmənt ˌrivˈju rɪˈpɔrt wɑz ən ˈæksədənt ənd ðət ðə ˈkænsər ˌrivˈju wɑz stɪl ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ. ðə sɛd ɪt wɑz rivˈjuɪŋ ɑr ˈstændərd ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ prəˈsiʤərz fər ðə riˈlis əv ˈdɑkjəmənts tɪ əˈvɔɪd ðə ˌɪnədˈvərtənt riˈlis əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪn ðə future.”*.” ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl kəˈmɪti bɪˈgæn ɪts ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ðə læst mənθ ˈæftər ðə rɪˈpɔrt baɪ ðə ˈkænsər əˈsɛsmənt ˌrivˈju kəˈmɪti bɪˈkeɪm ˈbrifli ˈpəblɪk. ðə rɪˈpɔrt faʊnd ðət wɑz likely”*” tɪ bi ˌkɑrsənoʊˈʤɛnɪk tɪ ˈjumənz. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ əˈpɪrd tɪ dɪˈspjut ðə rɪˈpɔrt ənd kˈwɛsʧənd ɪts æˈnælɪsɪs. ðə læst jɪr ˈklæsəˌfaɪd ɛz ˌkɑrsənoʊˈʤɛnɪk tɪ humans.”*.” ðə ˈægrɪˌkəlʧər kəˈmɪti ˈpriviəsli sɛd ɪt tu wɑz ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ ðə ˌrivˈju əv ənd atrazine*, əˈnəðər ˈkɛmɪkəl juzd ɪn ˌægrɪˈkəlʧərəl ˈərbəˌsaɪdz. ðə ˈægrɪˌkəlʧər kəˈmɪti ˈɔlsoʊ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ noʊ wət stɛps stɪl ˈnidɪd tɪ bi ˈteɪkən tɪ ənd ˈɪʃu ðə rɪˈpɔrt, wɪʧ ɪt hæd ɪkˈspɛktɪd ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2015
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israel denied entry on wednesday evening to members of a un commission appointed by the human rights council to investigate possible war crimes committed during operation protective edge.
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members of the committee, often referred to by the name of the lead investigator, prof. william, had arrived in amman before asking permission to enter israel. jerusalem refused their request and the decision led to an announcement that israel would not cooperate with the commission.
the commission was appointed by the un human rights council in geneva to investigate alleged war crimes committed by israel and hamas during the heated confrontation last summer.
idf strikes on gaza (photo: reuters)
after his appointment, urged israel to cooperate with the investigation and rejected accusations that he was anti-israel. in august, he told that he did was not anti-israel, saying he had visited the country "many times."
the foreign ministry had cast doubts on the appointment after its announcement, saying that "the report has already been written and they just chose who would sign it." some within the professional ranks of the ministry recommended to the political echelon to not cooperate with the panel in order to avoid endowing the inquiry with legitimacy.
destroyed structures in gaza after op (photo: reuters)
foreign ministry officials stress that the human rights council had already decided to convict israel in its report and have decided to treat the panel as a "rigged game."
a senior official in the office said at the time that "goldstone also disappeared, and we didn't cooperate with him either."
schabas, a canadian professor of international criminal and human rights law and the president of the international association of genocide scholars, has previously stated he would've liked to see prime minister benjamin netanyahu "within the dock of the international criminal court."
he wrote that in response to netanyahu's statement that israel faces "three major strategic challenges. the iranian nuclear program, rockets aimed at our civilians and goldstone."
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ˈɪzriəl dɪˈnaɪd ˈɛntri ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˈivnɪŋ tɪ ˈmɛmbərz əv ə ˈjuˈɛn kəˈmɪʃən əˈpɔɪntɪd baɪ ðə ˈjumən raɪts ˈkaʊnsəl tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ˈpɑsəbəl wɔr kraɪmz kəˈmɪtɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən prəˈtɛktɪv ɛʤ. ˈfɑloʊ ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd tˈwɪtər ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə kəˈmɪti, ˈɔfən rɪˈfərd tɪ baɪ ðə neɪm əv ðə lɛd ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtər, prof*. ˈwɪljəm, hæd əraɪvd ɪn ˈæmən ˌbiˈfɔr ˈæskɪŋ pərˈmɪʃən tɪ ˈɛnər ˈɪzriəl. ʤərˈusələm rɪfˈjuzd ðɛr rɪkˈwɛst ənd ðə dɪˈsɪʒən lɛd tɪ ən əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ðət ˈɪzriəl wʊd nɑt kˈwɑpərˌeɪt wɪθ ðə kəˈmɪʃən. ðə kəˈmɪʃən wɑz əˈpɔɪntɪd baɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛn ˈjumən raɪts ˈkaʊnsəl ɪn ʤəˈnivə tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt əˈlɛʤd wɔr kraɪmz kəˈmɪtɪd baɪ ˈɪzriəl ənd ˌhɑˈmɑs ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈhitɪd ˌkɑnfrənˈteɪʃən læst ˈsəmər. straɪks ɔn ˈgɑzə (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ˈrɔɪtərz) ˈæftər hɪz əˈpɔɪntmənt, ərʤd ˈɪzriəl tɪ kˈwɑpərˌeɪt wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ənd rɪˈʤɛktɪd ˌækjəˈzeɪʃənz ðət hi wɑz anti-israel*. ɪn ˈɔgəst, hi toʊld ðət hi dɪd wɑz nɑt anti-israel*, seɪɪŋ hi hæd ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə ˈkəntri "ˈmɛni taɪmz." ðə ˈfɔrən ˈmɪnɪstri hæd kæst daʊts ɔn ðə əˈpɔɪntmənt ˈæftər ɪts əˈnaʊnsmɛnt, seɪɪŋ ðət "ðə rɪˈpɔrt həz ɔˈrɛdi bɪn ˈrɪtən ənd ðeɪ ʤɪst ʧoʊz hu wʊd saɪn ɪt." səm wɪˈθɪn ðə prəˈfɛʃənəl ræŋks əv ðə ˈmɪnɪstri ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd tɪ ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈɛʃəˌlɑn tɪ nɑt kˈwɑpərˌeɪt wɪθ ðə ˈpænəl ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ əˈvɔɪd ɛnˈdaʊɪŋ ðə ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri wɪθ lɪˈʤɪtəməsi. dɪˈstrɔɪd ˈstrəkʧərz ɪn ˈgɑzə ˈæftər ɔp (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ˈrɔɪtərz) ˈfɔrən ˈmɪnɪstri əˈfɪʃəlz strɛs ðət ðə ˈjumən raɪts ˈkaʊnsəl hæd ɔˈrɛdi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˈkɑnvɪkt ˈɪzriəl ɪn ɪts rɪˈpɔrt ənd hæv ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ trit ðə ˈpænəl ɛz ə "rɪgd geɪm." ə ˈsinjər əˈfɪʃəl ɪn ðə ˈɔfəs sɛd æt ðə taɪm ðət "ˈgoʊldˌstoʊn ˈɔlsoʊ ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd, ənd wi ˈdɪdənt kˈwɑpərˌeɪt wɪθ ɪm ˈiðər.", ə kəˈneɪdiən prəˈfɛsər əv ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈkrɪmənəl ənd ˈjumən raɪts lɔ ənd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən əv ˈʤɛnəˌsaɪd ˈskɑlərz, həz ˈpriviəsli ˈsteɪtɪd hi ˈwʊdəv laɪkt tɪ si praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈbɛnʤəmən ˌnɛtənˈjɑˌhu "wɪˈθɪn ðə dɑk əv ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈkrɪmənəl kɔrt." hi roʊt ðət ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˌnɛtənˈjɑˌhuz ˈsteɪtmənt ðət ˈɪzriəl ˈfeɪsɪz "θri ˈmeɪʤər strəˈtiʤɪk ˈʧælənʤɪz. ðə ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈnukliər ˈproʊˌgræm, ˈrɑkəts eɪmd æt ɑr səˈvɪljənz ənd ˈgoʊldˌstoʊn."
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a former ball state student has been deemed "a danger to the community" after choking and threatening to kill a store clerk and injuring a police officer at a muncie goodwill, according to federal police.
investigators said khalid, a saudi arabian national, threatened to kill those who did not convert to islam and was taken into custody at the goodwill on march 25. a special agent with the department of homeland security, who wrote the affidavit of probable cause, determined that "actions and behavior showed signs of radicalization.”
the fbi and the department of homeland security executed a search warrant on the afternoon of march 29 at an apartment complex maintained by ball state. the warrant stated that it is possible that there will be evidence suggesting that actions were "premeditated."
the apartment was occupied by, who was a ball state student at the time of his arrest. on march 31, however, a university spokesperson said status as a student had been "revoked."
according to documents obtained by the star press, a macbook, dell laptop, camera and travel documents were seized during the search.
on march 27, was charged with five counts of battery resulting in bodily injury to a police officer, three counts each of resisting law enforcement and battery resulting in bodily injury and single counts of attempted strangulation, intimidation, criminal trespass and battery.
according to court documents, confronted the store clerk at the goodwill and attempted to "forcefully convert her to islam." he continued to tell the clerk he would kill her if she did not convert. he then became angry and began choking her.
when a muncie police officer arrived on the scene, “assumed a fighting stance.” the officer then attempted to restrain and him, according to a police report.
a second officer then arrived on the scene and attempted to restrain. then attempted to fight with the officers and broke one officer's hand, according to the affidavit.
the officer then again and was able to handcuff his ankles and wrists, according to the report. during the struggle, told the officers they were going to go to hell and repeatedly yelled akbar," meaning "god is greater."
bilal also claimed he was muhammad, the prophet of islam.
the phrase “allahu akbar” has been yelled prior to and during recent terror attacks.
omar mateen, the orlando nightclub shooter, yelled “allahu akbar” before engaging in gunfire with police june 2016. more recently in february, a subject yelled “allahu akbar” and attacked french police with a machete.
bilal was then taken to health ball memorial hospital. while at the hospital, he escaped his restraints before attacking hospital staff and punching an officer in the face three times.
the officer then attempted to strike a pressure point but ended up punching in his mouth, according to the affidavit. was eventually subdued and restrained.
bilal’s bail is set at $100,000.
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ə ˈfɔrmər bɔl steɪt ˈstudənt həz bɪn dimd "ə ˈdeɪnʤər tɪ ðə kəmˈjunɪti" ˈæftər ˈʧoʊkɪŋ ənd θˈrɛtənɪŋ tɪ kɪl ə stɔr klərk ənd ˈɪnʤərɪŋ ə pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsər æt ə ˈmənsi ˈgʊdˈwɪl, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈfɛdərəl pəˈlis. ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtərz sɛd ˈkɑlɪd, ə ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiən ˈnæʃənəl, θˈrɛtənd tɪ kɪl ðoʊz hu dɪd nɑt ˈkɑnvərt tɪ ˌɪsˈlɑm ənd wɑz ˈteɪkən ˈɪntu ˈkəstədi æt ðə ˈgʊdˈwɪl ɔn mɑrʧ 25 ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈeɪʤənt wɪθ ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈhoʊmˌlænd sɪˈkjʊrəti, hu roʊt ðə ˌæfəˈdeɪvət əv ˈprɑbəbəl kɔz, dɪˈtərmənd ðət "ˈækʃənz ənd bɪˈheɪvjər ʃoʊd saɪnz əv radicalization.”*.” ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ənd ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈhoʊmˌlænd sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd ə sərʧ ˈwɔrənt ɔn ðə ˌæftərˈnun əv mɑrʧ 29 æt ən əˈpɑrtmənt ˈkɑmplɛks meɪnˈteɪnd baɪ bɔl steɪt. ðə ˈwɔrənt ˈsteɪtɪd ðət ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ðɛr wɪl bi ˈɛvədəns səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət ˈækʃənz wər "priˈmɛdəˌteɪtɪd." ðə əˈpɑrtmənt wɑz ˈɑkjəˌpaɪd baɪ, hu wɑz ə bɔl steɪt ˈstudənt æt ðə taɪm əv hɪz ərˈɛst. ɔn mɑrʧ 31 ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ə ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈspoʊkspərsən sɛd ˈstætəs ɛz ə ˈstudənt hæd bɪn "rɪˈvoʊkt." əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈdɑkjəmənts əbˈteɪnd baɪ ðə stɑr prɛs, ə macbook*, dɛl ˈlæpˌtɑp, ˈkæmərə ənd ˈtrævəl ˈdɑkjəmənts wər sizd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə sərʧ. ɔn mɑrʧ 27 wɑz ʧɑrʤd wɪθ faɪv kaʊnts əv ˈbætəri rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn ˈbɑdəli ˈɪnʤəri tɪ ə pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsər, θri kaʊnts iʧ əv rɪˈzɪstɪŋ lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ənd ˈbætəri rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn ˈbɑdəli ˈɪnʤəri ənd ˈsɪŋgəl kaʊnts əv əˈtɛmptəd ˌstræŋgjəˈleɪʃən, ˌɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən, ˈkrɪmənəl ˈtrɛˌspæs ənd ˈbætəri. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts, kənˈfrəntɪd ðə stɔr klərk æt ðə ˈgʊdˈwɪl ənd əˈtɛmptəd tɪ "ˈfɔrsfəli ˈkɑnvərt hər tɪ ˌɪsˈlɑm." hi kənˈtɪnjud tɪ tɛl ðə klərk hi wʊd kɪl hər ɪf ʃi dɪd nɑt ˈkɑnvərt. hi ðɛn bɪˈkeɪm ˈæŋgri ənd bɪˈgæn ˈʧoʊkɪŋ hər. wɪn ə ˈmənsi pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsər əraɪvd ɔn ðə sin, ə ˈfaɪtɪŋ stance.”*.” ðə ˈɔfɪsər ðɛn əˈtɛmptəd tɪ riˈstreɪn ənd ɪm, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə pəˈlis rɪˈpɔrt. ə ˈsɛkənd ˈɔfɪsər ðɛn əraɪvd ɔn ðə sin ənd əˈtɛmptəd tɪ riˈstreɪn. ðɛn əˈtɛmptəd tɪ faɪt wɪθ ðə ˈɔfɪsərz ənd broʊk wən ˈɔfɪsərz hænd, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌæfəˈdeɪvət. ðə ˈɔfɪsər ðɛn əˈgɛn ənd wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈhændˌkəf hɪz ˈæŋkəlz ənd rɪsts, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə rɪˈpɔrt. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈstrəgəl, toʊld ðə ˈɔfɪsərz ðeɪ wər goʊɪŋ tɪ goʊ tɪ hɛl ənd rɪˈpitɪdli jɛld ˈɑkˌbɑr," ˈminɪŋ "gɑd ɪz ˈgreɪtər." ˈɔlsoʊ kleɪmd hi wɑz mʊˈhɑməd, ðə ˈprɑfət əv ˌɪsˈlɑm. ðə freɪz akbar”*” həz bɪn jɛld praɪər tɪ ənd ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈrisənt ˈtɛrər əˈtæks. ˈoʊmɑr mateen*, ðə ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ ˈnaɪtˌkləb ˈʃutər, jɛld akbar”*” ˌbiˈfɔr ɪnˈgeɪʤɪŋ ɪn ˈgənˌfaɪər wɪθ pəˈlis ʤun 2016 mɔr ˈrisəntli ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri, ə ˈsəbʤɪkt jɛld akbar”*” ənd əˈtækt frɛnʧ pəˈlis wɪθ ə məˈʧɛˌti. wɑz ðɛn ˈteɪkən tɪ hɛlθ bɔl məˈmɔriəl ˈhɑˌspɪtəl. waɪl æt ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, hi ɪˈskeɪpt hɪz rɪˈstreɪnts ˌbiˈfɔr əˈtækɪŋ ˈhɑˌspɪtəl stæf ənd ˈpənʧɪŋ ən ˈɔfɪsər ɪn ðə feɪs θri taɪmz. ðə ˈɔfɪsər ðɛn əˈtɛmptəd tɪ straɪk ə ˈprɛʃər pɔɪnt bət ˈɛndɪd əp ˈpənʧɪŋ ɪn hɪz maʊθ, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌæfəˈdeɪvət. wɑz ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli səbˈdud ənd riˈstreɪnd. beɪl ɪz sɛt æt
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summerside, p.e.i. curling legend kevin martin is leaving the sport at the top of the mountain.
martin previously announced he would retire after the players’ championship and finished his career on a high note sunday, defeating brad jacobs in the final to capture one final grand slam of curling title.
the edmonton native is the all-time grand slam wins leader with 18 titles, including eight players’ championships.
it came down to, fittingly enough, last shot ever. martin held a lead but was facing three and needed a vintage martin maneuver an draw to pull it off. he get shot rock but only gave up a steal of one that preserved the victory.
martin said he was more focused on winning the game and the title for his team rather the personal moment.
“if a little heavy and it slides out of the house, my last shot and we win,” martin said. “so it was more important to focus on staying in the moment but over the last few years, being an olympian and things, it teaches you to do that, stay focused on the job at hand and when it works out then you can breathe and let it go.”
among many accolades include four brier titles, a world championship in 2008 and representing canada twice at the olympics winning gold in the 2010 vancouver games and silver in the 2002 salt lake city games.
martin had been in a bit of a slam drought with his previous title in 2011, coincidentally at that players’ championship. he said winning no. 18 was as much pressure as anything.
“eighteen slams is just so difficult,” martin said. “i know when (jack) nicklaus did it in golf he was 46 which is very difficult and it took me an extra year. geez, i wanted that bad so it was a big day.”
martin led after four ends thanks to a pair of and jacobs struggled to find the equalizer. he blanked two ends before settling for a single in the seventh but gave up the hammer to martin coming home.
jacobs, who won the gold medal at the sochi olympics, was disappointed his team lost but thought it was neat that his team from sault ste. marie, ont., was final opponent.
“who would have thought it would be our team?” jacobs said. “i definitely would have thought it would be (glenn) howard or (jeff) stoughton or someone like that but something remember, for sure playing martin the last game and he really wanted to win. it was a really fun game.”
the martin announced his retirement friday night on and will now join the grand slam of curling as a broadcast analyst and official spokesperson.
“i’m excited about it, a new start,” martin said. “i’ve done a little bit of the analyst stuff with nbc at the olympics and definitely looking forward to it.
“the neat part is for me, especially in the division, i know them all. all friends of mine so i know most of their wives, a lot of their kids and what they do outside of curling. going to be so much fun.”
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summerside*, p.e.i*. ˈkərlɪŋ ˈlɛʤənd ˈkɛvɪn ˈmɑrtɪn ɪz ˈlivɪŋ ðə spɔrt æt ðə tɔp əv ðə ˈmaʊntən. ˈmɑrtɪn ˈpriviəsli əˈnaʊnst hi wʊd ˌriˈtaɪər ˈæftər ðə players’*’ ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ənd ˈfɪnɪʃt hɪz kərɪr ɔn ə haɪ noʊt ˈsənˌdi, dɪˈfitɪŋ bræd ˈʤeɪkəbz ɪn ðə ˈfaɪnəl tɪ ˈkæpʧər wən ˈfaɪnəl grænd slæm əv ˈkərlɪŋ ˈtaɪtəl. ðə ˈɛdməntən ˈneɪtɪv ɪz ðə ˌɔlˈtaɪm grænd slæm wɪnz ˈlidər wɪθ 18 ˈtaɪtəlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ eɪt players’*’ ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps. ɪt keɪm daʊn tɪ, ˈfɪtɪŋli ɪˈnəf, læst ʃɑt ˈɛvər. ˈmɑrtɪn hɛld ə lɛd bət wɑz ˈfeɪsɪŋ θri ənd ˈnidɪd ə ˈvɪntɪʤ ˈmɑrtɪn məˈnuvər ən drɔ tɪ pʊl ɪt ɔf. hi gɪt ʃɑt rɑk bət ˈoʊnli geɪv əp ə stil əv wən ðət prɪˈzərvd ðə ˈvɪktəri. ˈmɑrtɪn sɛd hi wɑz mɔr ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ˈwɪnɪŋ ðə geɪm ənd ðə ˈtaɪtəl fər hɪz tim ˈrəðər ðə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈmoʊmənt. ə ˈlɪtəl ˈhɛvi ənd ɪt slaɪdz aʊt əv ðə haʊs, maɪ læst ʃɑt ənd wi win,”*,” ˈmɑrtɪn sɛd. ɪt wɑz mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn steɪɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈmoʊmənt bət ˈoʊvər ðə læst fju jɪrz, biɪŋ ən oʊˈlɪmpiən ənd θɪŋz, ɪt ˈtiʧɪz ju tɪ du ðət, steɪ ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə ʤɑb æt hænd ənd wɪn ɪt wərks aʊt ðɛn ju kən brið ənd lɛt ɪt go.”*.” əˈməŋ ˈmɛni ˈækəˌleɪdz ˌɪnˈklud fɔr braɪər ˈtaɪtəlz, ə wərld ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ɪn 2008 ənd ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ ˈkænədə twaɪs æt ðə oʊˈlɪmpɪks ˈwɪnɪŋ goʊld ɪn ðə 2010 vænˈkuvər geɪmz ənd ˈsɪlvər ɪn ðə 2002 sɔlt leɪk ˈsɪti geɪmz. ˈmɑrtɪn hæd bɪn ɪn ə bɪt əv ə slæm draʊt wɪθ hɪz ˈpriviəs ˈtaɪtəl ɪn 2011 koʊˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli æt ðət players’*’ ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp. hi sɛd ˈwɪnɪŋ noʊ. 18 wɑz ɛz məʧ ˈprɛʃər ɛz ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. slæmz ɪz ʤɪst soʊ difficult,”*,” ˈmɑrtɪn sɛd. noʊ wɪn (ʤæk) ˈnɪkləs dɪd ɪt ɪn gɔlf hi wɑz 46 wɪʧ ɪz ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt ənd ɪt tʊk mi ən ˈɛkstrə jɪr. ʤiz, aɪ ˈwɔntɪd ðət bæd soʊ ɪt wɑz ə bɪg day.”*.” ˈmɑrtɪn lɛd ˈæftər fɔr ɛndz θæŋks tɪ ə pɛr əv ənd ˈʤeɪkəbz ˈstrəgəld tɪ faɪnd ðə ˈikwəˌlaɪzər. hi blæŋkt tu ɛndz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsɛtəlɪŋ fər ə ˈsɪŋgəl ɪn ðə ˈsɛvənθ bət geɪv əp ðə ˈhæmər tɪ ˈmɑrtɪn ˈkəmɪŋ hoʊm. ˈʤeɪkəbz, hu wən ðə goʊld ˈmɛdəl æt ðə ˈsoʊʧi oʊˈlɪmpɪks, wɑz ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd hɪz tim lɔst bət θɔt ɪt wɑz nit ðət hɪz tim frəm sɔlt ste*. mərˈi, ont*., wɑz ˈfaɪnəl əˈpoʊnənt. wʊd hæv θɔt ɪt wʊd bi ɑr team?”*?” ˈʤeɪkəbz sɛd. ˈdɛfənətli wʊd hæv θɔt ɪt wʊd bi (glɛn) haʊərd ər (ʤɛf) ˈstoʊtən ər ˈsəmˌwən laɪk ðət bət ˈsəmθɪŋ rɪˈmɛmbər, fər ʃʊr pleɪɪŋ ˈmɑrtɪn ðə læst geɪm ənd hi ˈrɪli ˈwɔntɪd tɪ wɪn. ɪt wɑz ə ˈrɪli fən game.”*.” ðə ˈmɑrtɪn əˈnaʊnst hɪz rɪˈtaɪərmənt ˈfraɪˌdeɪ naɪt ɔn ənd wɪl naʊ ʤɔɪn ðə grænd slæm əv ˈkərlɪŋ ɛz ə ˈbrɔdˌkæst ˈænəlɪst ənd əˈfɪʃəl ˈspoʊkspərsən. ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt ɪt, ə nu start,”*,” ˈmɑrtɪn sɛd. dən ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt əv ðə ˈænəlɪst stəf wɪθ ˈɛnˌbiˈsi æt ðə oʊˈlɪmpɪks ənd ˈdɛfənətli ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ɪt. nit pɑrt ɪz fər mi, əˈspɛʃəli ɪn ðə dɪˈvɪʒən, aɪ noʊ ðɛm ɔl. ɔl frɛndz əv maɪn soʊ aɪ noʊ moʊst əv ðɛr waɪvz, ə lɔt əv ðɛr kɪdz ənd wət ðeɪ du ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ˈkərlɪŋ. goʊɪŋ tɪ bi soʊ məʧ fun.”*.”
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bhikkhu looks at how buddhist practice can be applied to the modern world in a way that provides aid to various problems of the age.
each morning, i check out a number of internet news reports and commentaries on websites ranging from the bbc to truthout. reading about current events strongly reinforces for me the acuity of the words: “the world is grounded upon suffering.” almost daily i am awed by the enormity of the suffering that assails human beings on every continent, and even more by the hard truth that so much of this suffering springs not from the vicissitudes of impersonal nature but from the fires of greed, hatred, and delusion raging in the human heart.
seeing the of the anguish has raised in my mind questions about the future prospects for buddhism in the west. been struck by how seldom the theme of global palpable suffering of real human thematically explored in the buddhist journals and teachings with which i am acquainted. it seems to me that we western buddhists tend to dwell in a cognitive space that defines the first noble truth largely against the background of our middle-class lifestyles: as the gnawing of discontent; the ennui of over-satiation; the pain of relationships; or, with a bow to buddhist theory, as bondage to the round of rebirths. too often, i feel, our focus on these aspects of has made us oblivious to the vast, catastrophic suffering that daily overwhelms of the population.
an exception to this tendency may be found with the engaged buddhist movement. i believe this is a face of buddhism that has great promise, but from my superficial readings in this area i am struck by two things. first, while some engaged buddhists seek fresh perspectives from the dharma, for many buddhism simply provides spiritual practices to use while simultaneously espousing causes not much different from those of the mainstream left. second, engaged buddhism still remains tangential to the hard core of western interest in buddhism, which is the dharma as a path to inner peace and self-realization.
if buddhism in the west becomes solely a means to pursue personal spiritual growth, i am apprehensive that it may evolve in a one-sided way and thus fulfill only half its potential. attracting the affluent and the educated, it will provide a congenial home for the intellectual and cultural elite, but it will risk turning the quest for enlightenment into an private journey that, in the face of the immense suffering which daily hounds countless human lives, can present only a resigned quietism.
it is true that buddhist meditation practice requires seclusion and inwardly focused depth. but the embodiment of dharma in the world be more complete by also reaching out and addressing the grinding miseries that are ailing humanity?
i know we engage in lofty meditations on kindness and compassion and espouse beautiful ideals of love and peace. but note that we pursue them largely as inward, subjective experiences geared toward personal transformation. too seldom does this type of compassion roll up its sleeves and step into the field. too rarely does it translate into pragmatic programs of effective action realistically designed to diminish the actual sufferings of those battered by natural calamities or societal deprivation.
by way of contrast, take christian aid and world vision. these are not missionary movements aimed at proselytizing but relief organizations that provide relief and development aid while also tackling the causes of poverty and injustice. similarly, the american jewish world service aspire to convert people to judaism but to express commitment to social justice by alleviating “poverty, hunger, and disease among the people of the developing world regardless of race, religion, or nationality.” why buddhism have anything like that? surely we can find a supporting framework for this in buddhist doctrine, ethical ideals, archetypes, legends, and historical precedents.
i recognize that many individual buddhists are actively engaged in social service and that a few larger buddhist organizations work tirelessly to relieve human suffering around the globe. their selfless dedication fully deserves our appreciation. unfortunately, their appeal has as yet been limited.
buddhist teachers often say that the most effective way we can help protect the world is by purifying our own minds, or that before we engage in compassionate action we must attain realization of selflessness or emptiness. there may be some truth in such statements, but i think it is a partial truth. in these critical times, we also have an obligation to aid those immersed in the world who live on the brink of destitution and despair. the mission, the reason for his arising in the world, was to free beings from suffering by uprooting the evil roots of greed, hatred, and delusion. these sinister roots exist only in our own minds. today they have acquired a collective dimension and have spread out over whole countries and continents. to help free beings from suffering today therefore requires that we counter the systemic of greed, hatred, and delusion.
in each historical period, the dharma finds new means to unfold its potentials in ways precisely linked to that distinctive historical conditions. i believe that our own era provides the appropriate historical stage for the transcendent truth of the dharma to bend back upon the world and engage human suffering at multiple the lowest, harshest, and most degrading in mere contemplation but in effective, action illuminated by its own goal.
the special challenge facing buddhism in our age is to stand up as an advocate for justice in the world, a voice of conscience for those victims of social, economic, and political injustice who cannot stand up and speak for themselves. this, in my view, is a deeply moral challenge marking a watershed in the modern expression of buddhism. i believe it also points in a direction that buddhism should take if it is to share in the ongoing mission to humanity.
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bhikkhu* lʊks æt haʊ ˈbudəst ˈpræktɪs kən bi əˈplaɪd tɪ ðə ˈmɑdərn wərld ɪn ə weɪ ðət prəˈvaɪdz eɪd tɪ ˈvɛriəs ˈprɑbləmz əv ðə eɪʤ. iʧ ˈmɔrnɪŋ, aɪ ʧɛk aʊt ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈɪntərˌnɛt nuz rɪˈpɔrts ənd ˈkɑmənˌtɛriz ɔn ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ˈreɪnʤɪŋ frəm ðə ˌbibiˈsi tɪ truthout*. ˈrɛdɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈkɑrənt ɪˈvɛnts ˈstrɔŋli ˌriɪnˈfɔrsɪz fər mi ðə əˈkjuəti əv ðə wərdz: wərld ɪz ˈgraʊndɪd əˈpɑn suffering.”*.” ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈdeɪli aɪ æm ɔd baɪ ðə ɪˈnɔrməti əv ðə ˈsəfərɪŋ ðət əˈseɪlz ˈjumən biɪŋz ɔn ˈɛvəri ˈkɑntənənt, ənd ˈivɪn mɔr baɪ ðə hɑrd truθ ðət soʊ məʧ əv ðɪs ˈsəfərɪŋ spərɪŋz nɑt frəm ðə vɪˈsɪsɪtudz əv ˌɪmˈpərsənəl ˈneɪʧər bət frəm ðə faɪərz əv grid, ˈheɪtrəd, ənd dɪˈluʒən ˈreɪʤɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈjumən hɑrt. siɪŋ ðə əv ðə ˈæŋgwɪʃ həz reɪzd ɪn maɪ maɪnd kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ðə fˈjuʧər ˈprɑspɛkts fər ˈbudɪzəm ɪn ðə wɛst. bɪn strək baɪ haʊ ˈsɛldəm ðə θim əv ˈgloʊbəl ˈpælpəbəl ˈsəfərɪŋ əv ril ˈjumən θəˈmætɪkli ɪkˈsplɔrd ɪn ðə ˈbudəst ˈʤərnəlz ənd ˈtiʧɪŋz wɪθ wɪʧ aɪ æm əkˈweɪnɪd. ɪt simz tɪ mi ðət wi ˈwɛstərn ˈbudəsts tɛnd tɪ dwɛl ɪn ə ˈkɑgnɪtɪv speɪs ðət dɪˈfaɪnz ðə fərst ˈnoʊbəl truθ ˈlɑrʤli əˈgɛnst ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd əv ɑr ˈmɪdəlˈklæs ˈlaɪfˌstaɪlz: ɛz ðə nɔɪŋ əv dɪskənˈtɛnt; ðə ɛˈnui əv over-satiation*; ðə peɪn əv riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps; ər, wɪθ ə boʊ tɪ ˈbudəst ˈθɪri, ɛz ˈbɑndɪʤ tɪ ðə raʊnd əv riˈbərθs. tu ˈɔfən, aɪ fil, ɑr ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ðiz ˈæˌspɛkts əv həz meɪd ˈjuˈɛs əˈblɪviəs tɪ ðə væst, ˌkætəˈstrɑfɪk ˈsəfərɪŋ ðət ˈdeɪli ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmz əv ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ən ɪkˈsɛpʃən tɪ ðɪs ˈtɛndənsi meɪ bi faʊnd wɪθ ðə ɪnˈgeɪʤd ˈbudəst ˈmuvmənt. aɪ bɪˈliv ðɪs ɪz ə feɪs əv ˈbudɪzəm ðət həz greɪt ˈprɑməs, bət frəm maɪ ˌsupərˈfɪʃəl ˈridɪŋz ɪn ðɪs ˈɛriə aɪ æm strək baɪ tu θɪŋz. fərst, waɪl səm ɪnˈgeɪʤd ˈbudəsts sik frɛʃ pərˈspɛktɪvz frəm ðə ˈdɑrmə, fər ˈmɛni ˈbudɪzəm ˈsɪmpli prəˈvaɪdz ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl ˈpræktɪsɪz tɪ juz waɪl ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli ɪˈspaʊzɪŋ ˈkɔzɪz nɑt məʧ ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðoʊz əv ðə ˈmeɪnˌstrim lɛft. ˈsɛkənd, ɪnˈgeɪʤd ˈbudɪzəm stɪl rɪˈmeɪnz tænˈʤɛnʃəl tɪ ðə hɑrd kɔr əv ˈwɛstərn ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈbudɪzəm, wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈdɑrmə ɛz ə pæθ tɪ ˈɪnər pis ənd self-realization*. ɪf ˈbudɪzəm ɪn ðə wɛst bɪˈkəmz ˈsoʊəli ə minz tɪ pərˈsu ˈpərsɪnəl ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl groʊθ, aɪ æm ˌæprɪˈhɛnsɪv ðət ɪt meɪ ɪˈvɑlv ɪn ə ˌwənˈsaɪdəd weɪ ənd ðəs fʊlˈfɪl ˈoʊnli hæf ɪts pəˈtɛnʃəl. əˈtræktɪŋ ðə ˈæfluənt ənd ðə ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtɪd, ɪt wɪl prəˈvaɪd ə kənˈʤinjəl hoʊm fər ðə ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəl ənd ˈkəlʧərəl ɪˈlit, bət ɪt wɪl rɪsk ˈtərnɪŋ ðə kwɛst fər ˌɛnˈlaɪtənmənt ˈɪntu ən ˈpraɪvət ˈʤərni ðət, ɪn ðə feɪs əv ðə ˌɪˈmɛns ˈsəfərɪŋ wɪʧ ˈdeɪli haʊndz ˈkaʊntləs ˈjumən lɪvz, kən ˈprɛzənt ˈoʊnli ə rɪˈzaɪnd quietism*. ɪt ɪz tru ðət ˈbudəst ˌmɛdəˈteɪʃən ˈpræktɪs rikˈwaɪərz sɪˈkluʒən ənd ˈɪnwərdli ˈfoʊkɪst dɛpθ. bət ðə ɛmˈbɑdimənt əv ˈdɑrmə ɪn ðə wərld bi mɔr kəmˈplit baɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈriʧɪŋ aʊt ənd æˈdrɛsɪŋ ðə ˈgraɪndɪŋ ˈmɪzəriz ðət ər ˈeɪlɪŋ juˈmænɪti? aɪ noʊ wi ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn ˈlɔfti ˌmɛdɪˈteɪʃənz ɔn ˈkaɪndnəs ənd kəmˈpæʃən ənd ɪˈspaʊz ˈbjutəfəl aɪˈdilz əv ləv ənd pis. bət noʊt ðət wi pərˈsu ðɛm ˈlɑrʤli ɛz ˈɪnwərd, səˈbʤɛktɪv ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz gɪrd təˈwɔrd ˈpərsɪnəl ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃən. tu ˈsɛldəm dɪz ðɪs taɪp əv kəmˈpæʃən roʊl əp ɪts slivz ənd stɛp ˈɪntu ðə fild. tu ˈrɛrli dɪz ɪt trænzˈleɪt ˈɪntu prægˈmætɪk ˈproʊˌgræmz əv ˈifɛktɪv ˈækʃən ˌriəˈlɪstɪkli dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ dɪˈmɪnɪʃ ðə ˈækʧəwəl ˈsəfərɪŋz əv ðoʊz ˈbætərd baɪ ˈnæʧərəl kəˈlæmətiz ər səˈsaɪɪtəl ˌdɛprəˈveɪʃən. baɪ weɪ əv ˈkɑntræst, teɪk ˈkrɪsʧɪn eɪd ənd wərld ˈvɪʒən. ðiz ər nɑt ˈmɪʃəˌnɛri ˈmuvmənts eɪmd æt ˈprɑsələˌtaɪzɪŋ bət rɪˈlif ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ðət prəˈvaɪd rɪˈlif ənd dɪˈvɛləpmənt eɪd waɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ˈtækəlɪŋ ðə ˈkɔzɪz əv ˈpɑvərti ənd ˌɪnˈʤəstɪs. ˈsɪmələrli, ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ʤuɪʃ wərld ˈsərvɪs əˈspaɪr tɪ ˈkɑnvərt ˈpipəl tɪ ˈʤudiˌɪzəm bət tɪ ɪkˈsprɛs kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈʤəstɪs baɪ əˈliviˌeɪtɪŋ ““poverty*, ˈhəŋgər, ənd dɪˈziz əˈməŋ ðə ˈpipəl əv ðə dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ wərld rəˈgɑrdləs əv reɪs, rɪˈlɪʤən, ər nationality.”*.” waɪ ˈbudɪzəm hæv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ laɪk ðət? ˈʃʊrli wi kən faɪnd ə səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈfreɪmˌwərk fər ðɪs ɪn ˈbudəst ˈdɔktərɪn, ˈɛθɪkəl aɪˈdilz, ˈɑrkɪˌtaɪps, ˈlɛʤəndz, ənd hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈprɛsəˌdɛnts. aɪ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ðət ˈmɛni ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈbudəsts ər ˈæktɪvli ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈsərvɪs ənd ðət ə fju ˈlɑrʤər ˈbudəst ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz wərk ˈtaɪrləsli tɪ rɪˈliv ˈjumən ˈsəfərɪŋ əraʊnd ðə gloʊb. ðɛr ˈsɛlfləs ˌdɛdəˈkeɪʃən ˈfʊli dɪˈzərvz ɑr əˌpriʃiˈeɪʃən. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, ðɛr əˈpil həz ɛz jɛt bɪn ˈlɪmɪtɪd. ˈbudəst ˈtiʧərz ˈɔfən seɪ ðət ðə moʊst ˈifɛktɪv weɪ wi kən hɛlp prəˈtɛkt ðə wərld ɪz baɪ ˈpjʊrəˌfaɪɪŋ ɑr oʊn maɪndz, ər ðət ˌbiˈfɔr wi ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn kəmˈpæʃənət ˈækʃən wi məst əˈteɪn ˈriləˈzeɪʃən əv ˈsɛlfləsnɪs ər ˈɛmtinəs. ðɛr meɪ bi səm truθ ɪn səʧ ˈsteɪtmənts, bət aɪ θɪŋk ɪt ɪz ə ˈpɑrʃəl truθ. ɪn ðiz ˈkrɪtɪkəl taɪmz, wi ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ən ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃən tɪ eɪd ðoʊz ˌɪˈmərst ɪn ðə wərld hu lɪv ɔn ðə brɪŋk əv ˈdɛstəˌtuʃən ənd dɪˈspɛr. ðə ˈmɪʃən, ðə ˈrizən fər hɪz ərˈaɪzɪŋ ɪn ðə wərld, wɑz tɪ fri biɪŋz frəm ˈsəfərɪŋ baɪ əˈprutɪŋ ðə ˈivəl ruts əv grid, ˈheɪtrəd, ənd dɪˈluʒən. ðiz ˈsɪnɪstər ruts ɪgˈzɪst ˈoʊnli ɪn ɑr oʊn maɪndz. təˈdeɪ ðeɪ hæv əkˈwaɪərd ə kəˈlɛktɪv dɪˈmɛnʃən ənd hæv sprɛd aʊt ˈoʊvər hoʊl ˈkəntriz ənd ˈkɑntənənts. tɪ hɛlp fri biɪŋz frəm ˈsəfərɪŋ təˈdeɪ ˈðɛrˌfɔr rikˈwaɪərz ðət wi ˈkaʊntər ðə sɪˈstɛmɪk əv grid, ˈheɪtrəd, ənd dɪˈluʒən. ɪn iʧ hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈpɪriəd, ðə ˈdɑrmə faɪndz nu minz tɪ ənˈfoʊld ɪts pəˈtɛnʃəlz ɪn weɪz prɪˈsaɪsli lɪŋkt tɪ ðət dɪˈstɪŋktɪv hɪˈstɔrɪkəl kənˈdɪʃənz. aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ɑr oʊn ˈɪrə prəˈvaɪdz ðə əˈproʊpriˌeɪt hɪˈstɔrɪkəl steɪʤ fər ðə trænˈsɛndənt truθ əv ðə ˈdɑrmə tɪ bɛnd bæk əˈpɑn ðə wərld ənd ɪnˈgeɪʤ ˈjumən ˈsəfərɪŋ æt ˈməltəpəl ðə loʊəst, ˈhɑrʃəst, ənd moʊst dɪˈgreɪdɪŋ ɪn mɪr ˌkɑntəmˈpleɪʃən bət ɪn ˈifɛktɪv, ˈækʃən ˌɪˈluməˌneɪtəd baɪ ɪts oʊn goʊl. ðə ˈspɛʃəl ˈʧælənʤ ˈfeɪsɪŋ ˈbudɪzəm ɪn ɑr eɪʤ ɪz tɪ stænd əp ɛz ən ˈædvəˌkeɪt fər ˈʤəstɪs ɪn ðə wərld, ə vɔɪs əv ˈkɑnʃəns fər ðoʊz ˈvɪktɪmz əv ˈsoʊʃəl, ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk, ənd pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪnˈʤəstɪs hu ˈkænɑt stænd əp ənd spik fər ðɛmˈsɛlvz. ðɪs, ɪn maɪ vju, ɪz ə ˈdipli ˈmɔrəl ˈʧælənʤ ˈmɑrkɪŋ ə ˈwɔtərˌʃɛd ɪn ðə ˈmɑdərn ɪkˈsprɛʃən əv ˈbudɪzəm. aɪ bɪˈliv ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ pɔɪnts ɪn ə dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ðət ˈbudɪzəm ʃʊd teɪk ɪf ɪt ɪz tɪ ʃɛr ɪn ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈmɪʃən tɪ juˈmænɪti.
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(photo of eric hian-cheong)
the halo also known as a “moon rainbow” or “moonbow” appeared around p.m., to the delight of local twitter and facebook users, who quickly started asking questions like, “how does a even happen?”
well, according to the ask an astronomer blog from cornell university, are caused by the light of the moon passing through a thin layer of ice crystals in the upper atmosphere. the crystals the moonlight the way water droplets sunlight to produce a rainbow.
on the heels of the moonbow, the moon will make an appearance over d.c. tonight. according to the almanac, the moon, also called the blood moon, is the smallest full moon of the year and should be at its fullest shortly after 10 p.m. fingers crossed that the rain clouds hold off until then.
did you see the? tell us about it in the comments below.
related:
your photos: the night sky
super moon over washington
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(ˈfoʊˌtoʊ əv ˈɛrɪk hian-cheong*) ðə ˈheɪloʊ ˈɔlsoʊ noʊn ɛz ə rainbow”*” ər ““moonbow”*” əˈpɪrd əraʊnd p.m*., tɪ ðə dɪˈlaɪt əv ˈloʊkəl tˈwɪtər ənd ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ˈjuzərz, hu kˈwɪkli ˈstɑrtɪd ˈæskɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz laɪk, dɪz ə ˈivɪn happen?”*?” wɛl, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə æsk ən əˈstrɑnəmər blɔg frəm kɔrˈnɛl ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ər kɔzd baɪ ðə laɪt əv ðə mun ˈpæsɪŋ θru ə θɪn leɪər əv aɪs ˈkrɪstəlz ɪn ðə ˈəpər ˈætməsˌfɪr. ðə ˈkrɪstəlz ðə ˈmunˌlaɪt ðə weɪ ˈwɔtər ˈdrɑpləts ˈsənˌlaɪt tɪ ˈproʊdus ə ˈreɪnˌboʊ. ɔn ðə hilz əv ðə moonbow*, ðə mun wɪl meɪk ən əˈpɪrəns ˈoʊvər d.c*. təˈnaɪt. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈɑlməˌnæk, ðə mun, ˈɔlsoʊ kɔld ðə bləd mun, ɪz ðə sˈmɔləst fʊl mun əv ðə jɪr ənd ʃʊd bi æt ɪts ˈfʊləst ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər 10 p.m*. ˈfɪŋgərz krɔst ðət ðə reɪn klaʊdz hoʊld ɔf ənˈtɪl ðɛn. dɪd ju si ðə? tɛl ˈjuˈɛs əˈbaʊt ɪt ɪn ðə ˈkɑmɛnts bɪˈloʊ. rɪˈleɪtɪd: jʊr ˈfoʊˌtoʊz: ðə naɪt skaɪ ˈsupər mun ˈoʊvər ˈwɔʃɪŋtən
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new portrait of earth shows land cover as never before
a new global portrait taken from space details land cover with a resolution never before obtained.
esa, in partnership with the un food and agriculture organisation, presented a preliminary version of the map at the user consultation workshop held in rome, italy.
earth’s land cover has been charted from space before, but this map, which will be made available to the public upon its completion in july, has a resolution 10 times sharper than any of its predecessors.
scientists, who will use the data to plot worldwide trends, study natural and managed ecosystems and to model climate change extent and impacts, are hailing the product generated under the project as 'a milestone.'
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nu ˈpɔrtrət əv ərθ ʃoʊz lænd ˈkəvər ɛz ˈnɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr ə nu ˈgloʊbəl ˈpɔrtrət ˈteɪkən frəm speɪs ˈditeɪlz lænd ˈkəvər wɪθ ə ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ˈnɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr əbˈteɪnd. esa*, ɪn ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp wɪθ ðə ˈjuˈɛn fud ənd ˈægrɪˌkəlʧər ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən, pərˈzɛnəd ə prɪˈlɪməˌnɛri ˈvərʒən əv ðə mæp æt ðə ˈjuzər ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən ˈwərkˌʃɑp hɛld ɪn roʊm, ˈɪtəli. lænd ˈkəvər həz bɪn ˈʧɑrtɪd frəm speɪs ˌbiˈfɔr, bət ðɪs mæp, wɪʧ wɪl bi meɪd əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk əˈpɑn ɪts kəmˈpliʃən ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ, həz ə ˌrɛzəˈluʃən 10 taɪmz ˈʃɑrpər ðən ˈɛni əv ɪts ˈprɛdəˌsɛsərz. ˈsaɪəntɪsts, hu wɪl juz ðə ˈdætə tɪ plɑt ˈwərldˈwaɪd trɛnz, ˈstədi ˈnæʧərəl ənd ˈmænɪʤd ˈikoʊˌsɪstəmz ənd tɪ ˈmɑdəl ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ ɪkˈstɛnt ənd ˌɪmˈpækts, ər ˈheɪlɪŋ ðə ˈprɑdəkt ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd ˈəndər ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt ɛz 'ə ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn.'
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buy photo police tape. (photo: detroit free photo
a orion township man was handling a plastic bottle bomb when it blew up, severely injuring his left hand, the oakland county sheriff's office said in a news release.
the man and another from orion township said they made the compressed air bomb with a bottle for entertainment and "did not expect the device to be as explosive as it was" when it blew up before 1 p.m. thursday, said the release, which was issued sunday night. the man was taken to beaumont hospital in royal oak for treatment.
deputies used a shotgun to detonate three additional bottle bombs that were found behind a house in the 4800 block of joslyn road, the release said.
the incident was reported to the bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives and will be reviewed by the oakland county sheriff's office for possible charges.
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baɪ ˈfoʊˌtoʊ pəˈlis teɪp. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ˈdiˌtrɔɪt fri ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ə ɔˈraɪən ˈtaʊnʃɪp mæn wɑz ˈhændəlɪŋ ə ˈplæstɪk ˈbɑtəl bɔm wɪn ɪt blu əp, səˈvɪrli ˈɪnʤərɪŋ hɪz lɛft hænd, ðə ˈoʊklənd ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs sɛd ɪn ə nuz riˈlis. ðə mæn ənd əˈnəðər frəm ɔˈraɪən ˈtaʊnʃɪp sɛd ðeɪ meɪd ðə kəmˈprɛst ɛr bɔm wɪθ ə ˈbɑtəl fər ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt ənd "dɪd nɑt ɪkˈspɛkt ðə dɪˈvaɪs tɪ bi ɛz ɪkˈsploʊsɪv ɛz ɪt wɑz" wɪn ɪt blu əp ˌbiˈfɔr 1 p.m*. ˈθərzˌdeɪ, sɛd ðə riˈlis, wɪʧ wɑz ˈɪʃud ˈsənˌdi naɪt. ðə mæn wɑz ˈteɪkən tɪ ˈboʊmɔnt ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ɪn rɔɪəl oʊk fər ˈtritmənt. ˈdɛpjətiz juzd ə ˈʃɑtˌgən tɪ ˈdɛtəˌneɪt θri əˈdɪʃənəl ˈbɑtəl bɑmz ðət wər faʊnd bɪˈhaɪnd ə haʊs ɪn ðə 4800 blɑk əv ˈʤɔslɪn roʊd, ðə riˈlis sɛd. ðə ˈɪnsədənt wɑz ˌriˈpɔrtəd tɪ ðə ˈbjʊroʊ əv ˈælkəˌhɑl, təˈbæˌkoʊ, ˈfaɪˌrɑrmz ənd ɪkˈsploʊsɪvz ənd wɪl bi rivˈjud baɪ ðə ˈoʊklənd ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs fər ˈpɑsəbəl ˈʧɑrʤɪz. rɛd ər ʃɛr ðɪs ˈstɔri:
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when premier rachel turned up for canada day celebrations at the legislature grounds friday, she was all smiles.
she happily flipped pancakes, posed for pictures and took part in a citizenship ceremony in front of hundreds of cheerful parents and children who turned up for a free breakfast to celebrate birthday. all of it under a beautiful, sunny summer sky.
notley, who always seems to enjoy meeting the public, was in a particularly good mood because she had a particularly good week. well, a particularly good wednesday. well, a particularly good moment on wednesday.
notley had accepted an invitation to stand with dignitaries, canadian and american, in the house of commons on wednesday afternoon to watch u.s. president barack obama address parliament.
during the speech, to’s great surprise and delight, obama singled out alberta for praise.
“alberta, the oil country of canada, is working hard to reduce emissions while still promoting growth,” said obama, referring to the alberta climate change plan. “so if canada can do it and the united states can do it, the whole world can unleash economic growth and protect our planet. we can do this.”
obama’s brief mention of alberta was followed by thunderous applause from the audience and another surprise for.
“most of the house of commons rose to give (obama) a standing ovation and (u.s.) secretary of state john kerry turned around and shook my hand, which was lovely,” told on friday.
but the “lovely” moment for make headlines. it was ignored by the national media that was mesmerized by the parliamentary swoon over obama and it was largely overlooked by media, which focused on the $6.4-billion deficit.
and it was dismissed by’s political opponents back home.
“the carbon tax was supposed to buy more than a line in a speech from president obama,” said leader brian jean with a shrug.
jean’s and the news indifference to to alberta is deeply irritating the government that is fighting, and apparently winning, a battle to improve environmental image.
no, obama reverse himself and approve the keystone pipeline, but said his comment wednesday indicates politicians outside alberta are viewing the province differently.
“what it shows is that there is a greater level of recognition amongst opinion leaders across the continent that what alberta is doing is substantial and meaningful,” says. “it therefore means that able to have conversations, for instance on pipelines which we know is critically important to albertans, with people that we have conversations with before.”
notley argues that if other jurisdictions in canada realize alberta is becoming an environmental leader, they will no longer feel the need to oppose energy pipelines as a way to alberta into taking action on climate change.
“our government is taking climate change seriously,” says. “we’re not just putting out press releases saying it.”
for, reversing years of climate inaction by previous conservative governments both federal and provincial remains an uphill fight. making the climb more onerous is a federal court of appeal decision thursday that overturned approval of the northern gateway pipeline. the court said the federal government failed in its duty to consult first nations along the proposed route through british columbia.
by “federal government,” the court meant the previous government of stephen harper.
the ruling mean the northern gateway project is dead, but it does mean the new liberal government might have to redo consultations with indigenous groups.
notley, never a fan of the controversial project, said the court ruling could be useful in finding ways to get approval for the kinder morgan pipeline to the west coast or energy east to new brunswick.
and still hopeful that to alberta will eventually be heard across canada.
gthomson@postmedia.com
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wɪn prɛˈmɪr ˈreɪʧəl tərnd əp fər ˈkænədə deɪ ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃənz æt ðə ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪʧər graʊnz ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ʃi wɑz ɔl smaɪlz. ʃi ˈhæpəli flɪpt ˈpænˌkeɪks, poʊzd fər ˈpɪkʧərz ənd tʊk pɑrt ɪn ə ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni ɪn frənt əv ˈhənərdz əv ˈʧɪrfəl ˈpɛrənts ənd ˈʧɪldrən hu tərnd əp fər ə fri ˈbrɛkfəst tɪ ˈsɛləˌbreɪt ˈbərθˌdeɪ. ɔl əv ɪt ˈəndər ə ˈbjutəfəl, ˈsəni ˈsəmər skaɪ., hu ˈɔlˌweɪz simz tɪ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ˈmitɪŋ ðə ˈpəblɪk, wɑz ɪn ə ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli gʊd mud bɪˈkəz ʃi hæd ə ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli gʊd wik. wɛl, ə ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli gʊd ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. wɛl, ə ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli gʊd ˈmoʊmənt ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. hæd ækˈsɛptɪd ən ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən tɪ stænd wɪθ ˈdɪgnəˌtɛriz, kəˈneɪdiən ənd əˈmɛrɪkən, ɪn ðə haʊs əv ˈkɑmənz ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˌæftərˈnun tɪ wɔʧ juz. ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈæˌdrɛs ˈpɑrləmɛnt. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə spiʧ, tɪ greɪt səˈpraɪz ənd dɪˈlaɪt, ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈsɪŋgəld aʊt ælˈbərtə fər preɪz. ““alberta*, ðə ɔɪl ˈkəntri əv ˈkænədə, ɪz ˈwərkɪŋ hɑrd tɪ rɪˈdus ɪˈmɪʃənz waɪl stɪl prəˈmoʊtɪŋ growth,”*,” sɛd ˌoʊˈbɑmə, rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ðə ælˈbərtə ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ plæn. ɪf ˈkænədə kən du ɪt ənd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts kən du ɪt, ðə hoʊl wərld kən ənˈliʃ ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk groʊθ ənd prəˈtɛkt ɑr ˈplænət. wi kən du this.”*.” brif ˈmɛnʃən əv ælˈbərtə wɑz ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ˈθəndərəs əˈplɔz frəm ðə ˈɔdiəns ənd əˈnəðər səˈpraɪz fər. əv ðə haʊs əv ˈkɑmənz roʊz tɪ gɪv (ˌoʊˈbɑmə) ə ˈstændɪŋ oʊˈveɪʃən ənd (juz.) ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt ʤɑn ˈkɛri tərnd əraʊnd ənd ʃʊk maɪ hænd, wɪʧ wɑz lovely,”*,” toʊld ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ. bət ðə ““lovely”*” ˈmoʊmənt fər meɪk ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz. ɪt wɑz ˌɪgˈnɔrd baɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈmidiə ðət wɑz ˈmɛzmərˌaɪzd baɪ ðə ˌpɑrləˈmɛntəri swun ˈoʊvər ˌoʊˈbɑmə ənd ɪt wɑz ˈlɑrʤli ˈoʊvərˌlʊkt baɪ ˈmidiə, wɪʧ ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə ˈdɛfəsət. ənd ɪt wɑz dɪsˈmɪst baɪ pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈpoʊnənts bæk hoʊm. ˈkɑrbən tæks wɑz səˈpoʊzd tɪ baɪ mɔr ðən ə laɪn ɪn ə spiʧ frəm ˈprɛzɪdənt obama,”*,” sɛd ˈlidər braɪən ʤin wɪθ ə ʃrəg. ənd ðə nuz ˌɪnˈdɪfərəns tɪ tɪ ælˈbərtə ɪz ˈdipli ˈɪrəˌteɪtɪŋ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ðət ɪz ˈfaɪtɪŋ, ənd əˈpɛrəntli ˈwɪnɪŋ, ə ˈbætəl tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl ˈɪmɪʤ. noʊ, ˌoʊˈbɑmə rɪˈvərs hɪmˈsɛlf ənd əˈpruv ðə ˈkiˌstoʊn ˈpaɪˌplaɪn, bət sɛd hɪz ˈkɑmɛnt ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˈɪndɪˌkeɪts ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ælˈbərtə ər vjuɪŋ ðə ˈprɑvɪns ˈdɪfərˈɛntli. ɪt ʃoʊz ɪz ðət ðɛr ɪz ə ˈgreɪtər ˈlɛvəl əv ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən əˈməŋst əˈpɪnjən ˈlidərz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkɑntənənt ðət wət ælˈbərtə ɪz duɪŋ ɪz səbˈstænʃəl ənd meaningful,”*,” sɪz. ˈðɛrˌfɔr minz ðət ˈeɪbəl tɪ hæv ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz, fər ˈɪnstəns ɔn ˈpaɪˌplaɪnz wɪʧ wi noʊ ɪz ˈkrɪtɪkəli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ albertans*, wɪθ ˈpipəl ðət wi hæv ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz wɪθ before.”*.” ˈɑrgjuz ðət ɪf ˈəðər ˌʤʊrɪsˈdɪkʃənz ɪn ˈkænədə ˈriəˌlaɪz ælˈbərtə ɪz bɪˈkəmɪŋ ən ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl ˈlidər, ðeɪ wɪl noʊ ˈlɔŋgər fil ðə nid tɪ əˈpoʊz ˈɛnərʤi ˈpaɪˌplaɪnz ɛz ə weɪ tɪ ælˈbərtə ˈɪntu ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈækʃən ɔn ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ. ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ seriously,”*,” sɪz. nɑt ʤɪst ˈpʊtɪŋ aʊt prɛs rɪˈlisɪz seɪɪŋ it.”*.” fər, rɪˈvərsɪŋ jɪrz əv ˈklaɪmɪt ˌɪˈnækʃən baɪ ˈpriviəs kənˈsərvətɪv ˈgəvərnmənts boʊθ ˈfɛdərəl ənd prəˈvɪnʃəl rɪˈmeɪnz ən ˈəˈphɪl faɪt. ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə klaɪm mɔr ˈoʊnərəs ɪz ə ˈfɛdərəl kɔrt əv əˈpil dɪˈsɪʒən ˈθərzˌdeɪ ðət ˈoʊvərˌtərnd əˈpruvəl əv ðə ˈnɔrðərn ˈgeɪtˌweɪ ˈpaɪˌplaɪn. ðə kɔrt sɛd ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt feɪld ɪn ɪts ˈduti tɪ kənˈsəlt fərst ˈneɪʃənz əˈlɔŋ ðə prəˈpoʊzd rut θru ˈbrɪtɪʃ kəˈləmbiə. baɪ government,”*,” ðə kɔrt mɛnt ðə ˈpriviəs ˈgəvərnmənt əv ˈstivən ˈhɑrpər. ðə ˈrulɪŋ min ðə ˈnɔrðərn ˈgeɪtˌweɪ ˈprɑʤɛkt ɪz dɛd, bət ɪt dɪz min ðə nu ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈgəvərnmənt maɪt hæv tɪ riˈdu ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃənz wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs grups., ˈnɛvər ə fæn əv ðə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈprɑʤɛkt, sɛd ðə kɔrt ˈrulɪŋ kʊd bi ˈjusfəl ɪn ˈfaɪndɪŋ weɪz tɪ gɪt əˈpruvəl fər ðə ˈkaɪndər ˈmɔrgən ˈpaɪˌplaɪn tɪ ðə wɛst koʊst ər ˈɛnərʤi ist tɪ nu ˈbrənzwɪk. ənd stɪl ˈhoʊpfəl ðət tɪ ælˈbərtə wɪl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli bi hərd əˈkrɔs ˈkænədə. tˈwɪtər:
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“the project putting forward has five points to it: the regions, the development of minors at professional clubs, the educating of instructors, personal development and national youth teams,” said ahmed, voicing his enthusiasm. the ultimate aim is for peru to have 48 professional clubs a status only enjoyed by its first division sides at the moment offering an unbroken career path to their youngsters.
a project thanks to the nationwide plan, teams from other regions around the country have created their own youth set-ups, with 15 now running and sides. next year will see teams being added, with the objective being to have at least 32 clubs competing against each other at youth level.
up until 2016, only six professional clubs in the first and second divisions operated youth teams for players aged between 12 and 18, all of them based in lima. in the rest of the country, meanwhile, there was no professional structure in place for training youngsters of those ages.
“it’s about giving youngsters who never had an opportunity a fair crack of the whip,” daniel ahmed, the head of the minors development unit told . under the supervision of president edwin oviedo and director of football juan carlos, the argentinian coach is aiming to peruvian grassroots football through a project that he says has both a social and competitive aspect to it.
his potential would have gone to waste, had it not been for the minors plan that the peruvian football federation (fpf) rolled out in march 2016. an ambitious project, it has the financial backing of, through its forward development programme .
back in august 2016, in pursuing his dream of becoming a footballer, piero lopez took a boat trip up the amazon from his village, caballococha, deep in the peruvian jungle. travelling with 13 other young boys and an official from his village, he in iquitos, a thousand kilometres away from lima. nearly one year on, piero is playing for sporting cristal and national team, something unthinkable prior to the moment he took that journey.
development centres were created in 20 regions in 2016, with further centres being set up in the remaining five regions this year, each with a and coach and an administrator. players from all corners of each region were scouted, with the best of them being selected for the development centres before eventually taking part in the inaugural and national regional team championships.
with the guidance and support of the, first division clubs scouted boys and brought them into their teams, in accordance with the club licensing system, which requires professional clubs to have youth development in place. piero, the boy who took the boat trip up the amazon, is just one of the youngsters to have gone through the process.
since march 2017, he and his fellow hopefuls have been taking part in inaugural youth championship for the first professional clubs: the and centenario, both of which are funded by the.
“we’re helping clubs because even if they want to implement a plan like this, very difficult for them to do so, unless you give them a hand,” said ahmed. “we’ve got recreational football, but we have professional teams who take on the job of building a professional nationwide structure for the game.”
the minors plan facts and figures:
some players were scouted in 2016, with of them being selected for the development centres.
more than 700 boys at and level played in the national regional team championship in 2016.
a total of 165 coaches have been trained for the development centres.
more than 240 talent scouts now operate in all regions across peru.
170 players from the centres play for 15 professional clubs in the 2017 centenario.
matches from the competition are broadcast every saturday on the latina channel.
the has also created an annual programme designed to provide youngsters with a broad academic education and encourage them to lead healthy lives. “we teach them everything to do with their emotional development,” added ahmed. “it’s not just about them playing football.”
supported by private enterprise, the programme is currently being and applies only to national youth teams and to one region at the moment, though the intention is for it to be rolled out in a second region by the end of the year.
“it’ll take us between six and eight years to reach everyone,” continued ahmed. “football has an incredible social power, and an awful lot of lives have been saved by steering people away from dangerous lifestyles and into sport. it reflects the health.”
the overall project should provide representative teams with talent from right across the nation. put together outside the plan, the squad that played at this south american championships in the age group featured no fewer than 20 players from lima. in contrast, 11 of the 25 players that make up the side hail from the interior, among them piero.
a legend of peruvian football, is excited at what the future holds: “we’ve started building what been built in 30 years. short-term thinking and improvisation are now a thing of the past.”
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““the* ˈprɑʤɛkt ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd həz faɪv pɔɪnts tɪ ɪt: ðə ˈriʤənz, ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ˈmaɪnərz æt prəˈfɛʃənəl kləbz, ðə ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtɪŋ əv ˌɪnˈstrəktərz, ˈpərsɪnəl dɪˈvɛləpmənt ənd ˈnæʃənəl juθ teams,”*,” sɛd ˈɑmɛd, ˈvɔɪsɪŋ hɪz ɪnˈθuziˌæzəm. ðə ˈəltəmət eɪm ɪz fər pəru tɪ hæv 48 prəˈfɛʃənəl kləbz ə ˈstætəs ˈoʊnli ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd baɪ ɪts fərst dɪˈvɪʒən saɪdz æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt ˈɔfərɪŋ ən ənˈbroʊkən kərɪr pæθ tɪ ðɛr ˈjəŋstərz. ə ˈprɑʤɛkt θæŋks tɪ ðə ˈneɪʃənˈwaɪd plæn, timz frəm ˈəðər ˈriʤənz əraʊnd ðə ˈkəntri hæv kriˈeɪtɪd ðɛr oʊn juθ ˈsɛˌtəps, wɪθ 15 naʊ ˈrənɪŋ ənd saɪdz. nɛkst jɪr wɪl si timz biɪŋ ˈædɪd, wɪθ ðə əˈbʤɛktɪv biɪŋ tɪ hæv æt list 32 kləbz kəmˈpitɪŋ əˈgɛnst iʧ ˈəðər æt juθ ˈlɛvəl. əp ənˈtɪl 2016 ˈoʊnli sɪks prəˈfɛʃənəl kləbz ɪn ðə fərst ənd ˈsɛkənd dɪˈvɪʒənz ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd juθ timz fər pleɪərz ˈeɪʤɪd bɪtˈwin 12 ənd 18 ɔl əv ðɛm beɪst ɪn ˈlimə. ɪn ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈkəntri, ˈminˌwaɪl, ðɛr wɑz noʊ prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈstrəkʧər ɪn pleɪs fər ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈjəŋstərz əv ðoʊz ˈeɪʤɪz. əˈbaʊt ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈjəŋstərz hu ˈnɛvər hæd ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti ə fɛr kræk əv ðə whip,”*,” ˈdænjəl ˈɑmɛd, ðə hɛd əv ðə ˈmaɪnərz dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈjunɪt toʊld ˈəndər ðə ˌsupərˈvɪʒən əv ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈɛdwɪn oʊviˈeɪdoʊ ənd dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈfʊtˌbɔl wɑn ˈkɑrloʊs, ðə ˌɑrʤənˈtɪniən koʊʧ ɪz ˈeɪmɪŋ tɪ pərˈuviən ˈgræsˈruts ˈfʊtˌbɔl θru ə ˈprɑʤɛkt ðət hi sɪz həz boʊθ ə ˈsoʊʃəl ənd kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv ˈæˌspɛkt tɪ ɪt. hɪz pəˈtɛnʃəl wʊd hæv gɔn tɪ weɪst, hæd ɪt nɑt bɪn fər ðə ˈmaɪnərz plæn ðət ðə pərˈuviən ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən (fpf*) roʊld aʊt ɪn mɑrʧ 2016 ən æmˈbɪʃəs ˈprɑʤɛkt, ɪt həz ðə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈbækɪŋ əv, θru ɪts ˈfɔrwərd dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈproʊˌgræm bæk ɪn ˈɔgəst 2016 ɪn pərˈsuɪŋ hɪz drim əv bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə footballer*, ˈpiroʊ ˈloʊpɛz tʊk ə boʊt trɪp əp ðə ˈæməˌzɑn frəm hɪz ˈvɪlɪʤ, caballococha*, dip ɪn ðə pərˈuviən ˈʤəŋgəl. ˈtrævəlɪŋ wɪθ 13 ˈəðər jəŋ bɔɪz ənd ən əˈfɪʃəl frəm hɪz ˈvɪlɪʤ, hi ɪn iquitos*, ə ˈθaʊzənd ˌkɪˈlɔˌmətərz əˈweɪ frəm ˈlimə. ˈnɪrli wən jɪr ɔn, ˈpiroʊ ɪz pleɪɪŋ fər ˈspɔrtɪŋ ˈkrɪstəl ənd ˈnæʃənəl tim, ˈsəmθɪŋ ənˈθɪŋkəbəl praɪər tɪ ðə ˈmoʊmənt hi tʊk ðət ˈʤərni. dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈsɛntərz wər kriˈeɪtɪd ɪn 20 ˈriʤənz ɪn 2016 wɪθ ˈfərðər ˈsɛntərz biɪŋ sɛt əp ɪn ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ faɪv ˈriʤənz ðɪs jɪr, iʧ wɪθ ə ənd koʊʧ ənd ən ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtər. pleɪərz frəm ɔl ˈkɔrnərz əv iʧ ˈriʤən wər ˈskaʊtəd, wɪθ ðə bɛst əv ðɛm biɪŋ səˈlɛktɪd fər ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈsɛntərz ˌbiˈfɔr ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈteɪkɪŋ pɑrt ɪn ðə ˌɪˈnɔgərəl ənd ˈnæʃənəl ˈriʤənəl tim ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps. wɪθ ðə ˈgaɪdəns ənd səˈpɔrt əv ðə, fərst dɪˈvɪʒən kləbz ˈskaʊtəd bɔɪz ənd brɔt ðɛm ˈɪntu ðɛr timz, ɪn əˈkɔrdəns wɪθ ðə kləb ˈlaɪsənsɪŋ ˈsɪstəm, wɪʧ rikˈwaɪərz prəˈfɛʃənəl kləbz tɪ hæv juθ dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪn pleɪs. ˈpiroʊ, ðə bɔɪ hu tʊk ðə boʊt trɪp əp ðə ˈæməˌzɑn, ɪz ʤɪst wən əv ðə ˈjəŋstərz tɪ hæv gɔn θru ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. sɪns mɑrʧ 2017 hi ənd hɪz ˈfɛloʊ ˈhoʊpfəlz hæv bɪn ˈteɪkɪŋ pɑrt ɪn ˌɪˈnɔgərəl juθ ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp fər ðə fərst prəˈfɛʃənəl kləbz: ðə ənd centenario*, boʊθ əv wɪʧ ər ˈfəndɪd baɪ ðə. ˈhɛlpɪŋ kləbz bɪˈkəz ˈivɪn ɪf ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ə plæn laɪk ðɪs, ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt fər ðɛm tɪ du soʊ, ənˈlɛs ju gɪv ðɛm ə hand,”*,” sɛd ˈɑmɛd. gɑt ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃənəl ˈfʊtˌbɔl, bət wi hæv prəˈfɛʃənəl timz hu teɪk ɔn ðə ʤɑb əv ˈbɪldɪŋ ə prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈneɪʃənˈwaɪd ˈstrəkʧər fər ðə game.”*.” ðə ˈmaɪnərz plæn fækts ənd ˈfɪgjərz: səm pleɪərz wər ˈskaʊtəd ɪn 2016 wɪθ əv ðɛm biɪŋ səˈlɛktɪd fər ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈsɛntərz. mɔr ðən 700 bɔɪz æt ənd ˈlɛvəl pleɪd ɪn ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈriʤənəl tim ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ɪn 2016 ə ˈtoʊtəl əv 165 ˈkoʊʧɪz hæv bɪn treɪnd fər ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈsɛntərz. mɔr ðən 240 ˈtælənt skaʊts naʊ ˈɔpərˌeɪt ɪn ɔl ˈriʤənz əˈkrɔs pəru. 170 pleɪərz frəm ðə ˈsɛntərz pleɪ fər 15 prəˈfɛʃənəl kləbz ɪn ðə 2017 centenario*. ˈmæʧɪz frəm ðə ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ər ˈbrɔdˌkæst ˈɛvəri ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ɔn ðə ləˈtinə ˈʧænəl. ðə həz ˈɔlsoʊ kriˈeɪtɪd ən ˈænjuəl ˈproʊˌgræm dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈjəŋstərz wɪθ ə brɔd ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ənd ɪnˈkərəʤ ðɛm tɪ lɛd ˈhɛlθi lɪvz. tiʧ ðɛm ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ tɪ du wɪθ ðɛr ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl development,”*,” ˈædɪd ˈɑmɛd. nɑt ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ðɛm pleɪɪŋ football.”*.” səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ˈpraɪvət ˈɛnərˌpraɪz, ðə ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz ˈkərəntli biɪŋ ənd əˈplaɪz ˈoʊnli tɪ ˈnæʃənəl juθ timz ənd tɪ wən ˈriʤən æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt, ðoʊ ðə ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən ɪz fər ɪt tɪ bi roʊld aʊt ɪn ə ˈsɛkənd ˈriʤən baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðə jɪr. teɪk ˈjuˈɛs bɪtˈwin sɪks ənd eɪt jɪrz tɪ riʧ everyone,”*,” kənˈtɪnjud ˈɑmɛd. həz ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ˈsoʊʃəl paʊər, ənd ən ˈɔfəl lɔt əv lɪvz hæv bɪn seɪvd baɪ ˈstɪrɪŋ ˈpipəl əˈweɪ frəm ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈlaɪfˌstaɪlz ənd ˈɪntu spɔrt. ɪt rɪˈflɛkts ðə health.”*.” ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈprɑʤɛkt ʃʊd prəˈvaɪd ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv timz wɪθ ˈtælənt frəm raɪt əˈkrɔs ðə ˈneɪʃən. pʊt təˈgɛðər ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə plæn, ðə skwɑd ðət pleɪd æt ðɪs saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps ɪn ðə eɪʤ grup ˈfiʧərd noʊ fjuər ðən 20 pleɪərz frəm ˈlimə. ɪn ˈkɑntræst, 11 əv ðə 25 pleɪərz ðət meɪk əp ðə saɪd heɪl frəm ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər, əˈməŋ ðɛm ˈpiroʊ. ə ˈlɛʤənd əv pərˈuviən ˈfʊtˌbɔl, ɪz ɪkˈsaɪtɪd æt wət ðə fˈjuʧər hoʊldz: ˈstɑrtɪd ˈbɪldɪŋ wət bɪn bɪlt ɪn 30 jɪrz. ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ənd ˌɪmprɑvɪˈzeɪʃən ər naʊ ə θɪŋ əv ðə past.”*.”
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the u.s. largest destroyer ever built, the uss zumwalt, carried out trial operations last year and now the high-tech warship has officially entered the fleet. the ship is the most advanced in its class, and the name of its captain, james a. kirk, makes the futuristic cruiser sound like something out of “star trek.”
“today’s ceremony marked the culmination of over three years of dedication and hard work by some of the finest sailors i have had the pleasure to lead,” said kirk, according to the u.s. navy.
it took almost five years and over $3.5 billion to build the uss zumwalt. the destroyer sports an propulsion system, a stealthy “tumblehome” design, a vertical missile launcher, and an advanced computerized system.
and it packs 78 of power nearly as much electricity as a aircraft carrier thanks to two gas turbines driving electric generators and two turbine generators.
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ðə juz. ˈlɑrʤəst dɪˈstrɔɪər ˈɛvər bɪlt, ðə ˈjuˈɛˈsɛs ˈzəmwəlt, ˈkɛrid aʊt traɪəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz læst jɪr ənd naʊ ðə ˌhaɪˈtɛk ˈwɔrˌʃɪp həz əˈfɪʃəli ˈɛnərd ðə flit. ðə ʃɪp ɪz ðə moʊst ədˈvænst ɪn ɪts klæs, ənd ðə neɪm əv ɪts ˈkæptən, ʤeɪmz ə. kərk, meɪks ðə fˌjuʧərˈɪstɪk ˈkruzər saʊnd laɪk ˈsəmθɪŋ aʊt əv trek.”*.” ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni mɑrkt ðə ˌkəlməˈneɪʃən əv ˈoʊvər θri jɪrz əv ˌdɛdəˈkeɪʃən ənd hɑrd wərk baɪ səm əv ðə ˈfaɪnəst ˈseɪlərz aɪ hæv hæd ðə ˈplɛʒər tɪ lead,”*,” sɛd kərk, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə juz. ˈneɪvi. ɪt tʊk ˈɔlˌmoʊst faɪv jɪrz ənd ˈoʊvər ˈbɪljən tɪ bɪld ðə ˈjuˈɛˈsɛs ˈzəmwəlt. ðə dɪˈstrɔɪər spɔrts ən prəˈpəlʃən ˈsɪstəm, ə ˈstɛlθi ““tumblehome”*” dɪˈzaɪn, ə ˈvərtɪkəl ˈmɪsəl ˈlɔnʧər, ənd ən ədˈvænst kəmˈpjutərˌaɪzd ˈsɪstəm. ənd ɪt pæks 78 əv paʊər ˈnɪrli ɛz məʧ ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsəti ɛz ə ˈɛrˌkræft ˈkɛriər θæŋks tɪ tu gæs ˈtərbaɪnz ˈdraɪvɪŋ ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtərz ənd tu ˈtərbaɪn ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtərz.
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firefox 15 is released on august 28th. among many new features implemented in this release is background updates. this feature allows to download the update in the background, apply it alongside with the existing installation, and keep the updated version around so that it can quickly switch to it the next time that the browser starts up. this effectively eliminates the update progress dialog that appears when you start after it has downloaded an update:
i previously wrote about this project. you can see that post for more technical details. this feature landed a while ago on the nightly channel, and we soon discovered a few issues which we addressed in time for this to get uplifted and enabled on the aurora channel. luckily no new issues were discovered with this feature as it rode the train to get on the beta channel, and will get in the hands of all of users on windows, mac and linux as part of the 15 release.
this was one of the scariest projects that ever worked on, since messing something up in the component could have catastrophic consequences in case it prevents users from being able to update to newer revisions. happy that the results of this project will soon get in the hands of millions of users, and i would like to thank robert strong, brian bondy, and the wonderful members of our release engineering (in particular, ben and chris atlee) and teams (in particular, vlad ghetiu) who helped me a lot along the way. you guys rock, for being extremely helpful, and for making this large project possible!
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firefox* 15 ɪz riˈlist ɔn ˈɔgəst 28th*. əˈməŋ ˈmɛni nu ˈfiʧərz ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ɪn ðɪs riˈlis ɪz ˈbækˌgraʊnd ˈəpˌdeɪts. ðɪs ˈfiʧər əˈlaʊz tɪ ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt ɪn ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd, əˈplaɪ ɪt əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd wɪθ ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən, ənd kip ðə ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ˈvərʒən əraʊnd soʊ ðət ɪt kən kˈwɪkli swɪʧ tɪ ɪt ðə nɛkst taɪm ðət ðə ˈbraʊzər stɑrts əp. ðɪs ˈifɛktɪvli ɪˈlɪməˌneɪts ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˈdaɪəlɔg ðət əˈpɪrz wɪn ju stɑrt ˈæftər ɪt həz ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd ən ˈəpˌdeɪt: aɪ ˈpriviəsli roʊt əˈbaʊt ðɪs ˈprɑʤɛkt. ju kən si ðət poʊst fər mɔr ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈditeɪlz. ðɪs ˈfiʧər ˈlændɪd ə waɪl əˈgoʊ ɔn ðə ˈnaɪtli ˈʧænəl, ənd wi sun dɪˈskəvərd ə fju ˈɪʃuz wɪʧ wi əˈdrɛst ɪn taɪm fər ðɪs tɪ gɪt ˈəplɪftɪd ənd ɪˈneɪbəld ɔn ðə ərˈɔrə ˈʧænəl. ˈləkəli noʊ nu ˈɪʃuz wər dɪˈskəvərd wɪθ ðɪs ˈfiʧər ɛz ɪt roʊd ðə treɪn tɪ gɪt ɔn ðə ˈbeɪtə ˈʧænəl, ənd wɪl gɪt ɪn ðə hænz əv ɔl əv ˈjuzərz ɔn ˈwɪndoʊz, mæk ənd ˈlɪnəks ɛz pɑrt əv ðə 15 riˈlis. ðɪs wɑz wən əv ðə ˈskɛriəst ˈprɑʤɛkts ðət ˈɛvər wərkt ɔn, sɪns ˈmɛsɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ əp ɪn ðə kəmˈpoʊnənt kʊd hæv ˌkætəˈstrɑfɪk ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz ɪn keɪs ɪt prɪˈvɛnts ˈjuzərz frəm biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt tɪ nuər riˈvɪʒənz. ˈhæpi ðət ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ðɪs ˈprɑʤɛkt wɪl sun gɪt ɪn ðə hænz əv ˈmɪljənz əv ˈjuzərz, ənd aɪ wʊd laɪk tɪ θæŋk ˈrɑbərt strɔŋ, braɪən ˈbɑndi, ənd ðə ˈwəndərfəl ˈmɛmbərz əv ɑr riˈlis ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ (ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, bɛn ənd krɪs atlee*) ənd timz (ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, vlæd ghetiu*) hu hɛlpt mi ə lɔt əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ. ju gaɪz rɑk, fər biɪŋ ɪkˈstrimli ˈhɛlpfəl, ənd fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɪs lɑrʤ ˈprɑʤɛkt ˈpɑsəbəl!
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buy photo cody cousins will appear thursday morning at a hearing in front of superior 2 judge thomas busch. (photo: john & courier )buy photo
cody cousins is persistent in his efforts to fire his attorney.
cousins, 23, is facing a murder charge. accused of killing purdue university student andrew boldt in the electrical engineering building on jan. 21.
his attorney, robert w. ii, filed a motion late last month to withdraw, but the motion was denied because it did not meet the criteria for counsel to withdraw from a case after a specific court administrative date.
gevers filed a second motion a few days after superior 2 judge thomas busch denied’ first motion. in the second filing, stated,... mr. cousins directly informed counsel that mr. cousins no longer desired representation, and the relationship has become irreparably deteriorated as a result of such conversations and encounters.”
that criteria fits one of the reasons for counsel to be granted permission to withdraw, which busch cited in his order denying’ first motion.
but before busch rules on’ second request, he set a hearing for 9 a.m. thursday to vet’ motion and hear from cousins about his effort to drop’ services.
gevers was retained a day or two before cousins’ jan. 23 initial hearing. he also represented cousins at a march 7 pretrial hearing, during which cousins’ trial date was set for oct. 6.
the journal & courier will cover hearing, and a story will be filed at shortly after it concludes.
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baɪ ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈkoʊdi ˈkəzənz wɪl əˈpɪr ˈθərzˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ æt ə ˈhirɪŋ ɪn frənt əv suˈpɪriər 2 ʤəʤ ˈtɑməs bʊʃ. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: ʤɑn ˈkəriər )baɪ ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈkoʊdi ˈkəzənz ɪz pərˈsɪstənt ɪn hɪz ˈɛfərts tɪ faɪər hɪz əˈtərni. ˈkəzənz, 23 ɪz ˈfeɪsɪŋ ə ˈmərdər ʧɑrʤ. əˈkjuzd əv ˈkɪlɪŋ pərˈdu ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈstudənt ˈændru boʊlt ɪn ðə ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ˈbɪldɪŋ ɔn ʤæn. 21 hɪz əˈtərni, ˈrɑbərt ˈdəbəlju. ii*, faɪld ə ˈmoʊʃən leɪt læst mənθ tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ, bət ðə ˈmoʊʃən wɑz dɪˈnaɪd bɪˈkəz ɪt dɪd nɑt mit ðə kraɪˈtɪriə fər ˈkaʊnsəl tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ frəm ə keɪs ˈæftər ə spɪˈsɪfɪk kɔrt ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv deɪt. faɪld ə ˈsɛkənd ˈmoʊʃən ə fju deɪz ˈæftər suˈpɪriər 2 ʤəʤ ˈtɑməs bʊʃ dɪˈnaɪd gevers’*’ fərst ˈmoʊʃən. ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈfaɪlɪŋ, ˈsteɪtɪd, ˈmɪstər. ˈkəzənz dɪˈrɛkli ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ˈkaʊnsəl ðət ˈmɪstər. ˈkəzənz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər dɪˈzaɪərd ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən, ənd ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp həz bɪˈkəm ˌɪˈrɛpərəbli dɪˈtɪriərˌeɪtɪd ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv səʧ ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz ənd encounters.”*.” ðət kraɪˈtɪriə fɪts wən əv ðə ˈrizənz fər ˈkaʊnsəl tɪ bi ˈgrænɪd pərˈmɪʃən tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ, wɪʧ bʊʃ ˈsaɪtɪd ɪn hɪz ˈɔrdər dɪˈnaɪɪŋ gevers’*’ fərst ˈmoʊʃən. bət ˌbiˈfɔr bʊʃ rulz ɔn gevers’*’ ˈsɛkənd rɪkˈwɛst, hi sɛt ə ˈhirɪŋ fər 9 a.m*. ˈθərzˌdeɪ tɪ vɛt gevers’*’ ˈmoʊʃən ənd hir frəm ˈkəzənz əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈɛfərt tɪ drɔp gevers’*’ ˈsərvɪsɪz. wɑz rɪˈteɪnd ə deɪ ər tu ˌbiˈfɔr cousins’*’ ʤæn. 23 ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈhirɪŋ. hi ˈɔlsoʊ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ˈkəzənz æt ə mɑrʧ 7 priˈtraɪəl ˈhirɪŋ, ˈdʊrɪŋ wɪʧ cousins’*’ traɪəl deɪt wɑz sɛt fər ɔkt. 6 ðə ˈʤərnəl ˈkəriər wɪl ˈkəvər ˈhirɪŋ, ənd ə ˈstɔri wɪl bi faɪld æt ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ɪt kənˈkludz. rɪˈleɪtɪd ˈstɔriz: rɛd ər ʃɛr ðɪs ˈstɔri:
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“first, when i got to work as secretary of state, i opted for convenience to use my personal email account, which was allowed by the state department, because i thought it would be easier to carry just one device for my work and for my personal emails instead of two.”
— hillary clinton, news conference addressing her private email server, march 10, 2015
the fact checker has received numerous reader requests to revisit claims clinton made during her march 2015 news conference, in light of information that has surfaced in recent weeks. in particular, several readers have raised the question as to how claim that she used her address and a private server out of “convenience” and that using her private email was “allowed by the state department.”
when clinton held her initial news conference, we focused our on the four points in her opening statement and key answers to reporters. we did not issue a ruling, as it was a fluid situation. (all of ours related to clinton emails are available at wapo.st/clintonemailfacts.) in the march 2015, we wrote the following about the quote above:
perhaps this was the actual reason, but worth noting that secretaries of state are always accompanied by staff who carry purses, briefcases and so forth. it would have been up to the staff to keep track of the devices, not clinton. clinton has not disclosed who at the state department approved the use of a personal e-mail account, with its own server, instead of a government account. one would expect there is a paper trail that would explain how and why approval was granted. (the technology for one phone to handle two email accounts was fairly nascent back in 2009.)
let’s see how the quote holds up now.
the facts
‘convenience’
a batch of emails released last month chronicles technical issues that clinton and her top aides were facing with her private account in late 2010. this led to communications issues between clinton and her staff, and emails were being blocked by the state server. in a november 2010 email, clinton wrote to her longtime aide,: “this is not a good system.”
abedin responded: “we should talk about putting you on state email or releasing your email address to the department so you are not going to spam. not the phone message system, the device delay.”
“let’s get separate address or device, but i want any risk of the personal being accessible,” clinton wrote.
this email became a recurring line of questioning in’s deposition, the transcript of which was released last week by judicial watch. when asked about that last response line by clinton, explained:
“i read that line exactly the way she wrote it, which is, get a separate address. there was no resistance to getting a separate email address, as reading it in this document. and not wanting her personal emails to be accessible to the public. just like you i would imagine anybody who has personal email want that personal email to be read by anybody else.”
abedin’s answer shows that clinton was open to having a second device or email address which calls into question whether the “convenience” concern was relevant or applicable after she became secretary of state. yet clinton did not mention these issues when she explained she chose the system out of convenience.
“secretary clinton wanted to ensure the timeliness of her officials’ calls and if that could be facilitated by account, she was open to having one if she could maintain the privacy of her related correspondence,” clinton campaign spokesman josh schwerin said.
clinton later requested to switch to a state device to replace her personal one, as shown in this detailed account of her email saga by our colleague robert. in an august 2011 email, stephen mull, secretary at the state department, wrote to aides:
“we are working to provide the secretary per her request a department issued blackberry to replace personal unit, which is malfunctioning (possibly because of her personal email server is down.) we will prepare two version for her to use one with an operating state department email account (which would mask her identity, but which would also be subject to foia requests).”
abedin responded: “steve discuss the state blackberry. make a whole lot of sense.” (clinton spokesman brian fallon told the email showed that the staff “opposed the idea of her identity being masked.”)
o’harrow wrote that u.s. district court judge emmet g. sullivan, presiding over a judicial watch lawsuit over the emails, cited this email “as part of the reason he ordered the state department produce records related to its initial failures in the foia searches for records.” sullivan said there were legitimate questions raised “about whether staff was trying to help her to sidestep foia,” wrote.
[update: in his announcement that he would not recommend criminal charges against clinton, fbi director james said clinton used “numerous mobile devices to view and send email" during her time as secretary of state.]
‘allowed by the state department’
clinton said her private email was “allowed by the state department.” we have written about a similar claim before, and awarded three to clinton when she said “everything i did [on emails] was permitted.” she has said repeatedly since then, “what i did was allowed by the state department.”
the state department office of the inspector report released in may found “no evidence” that clinton requested or obtained guidance or approval from the state department to solely use her private email on her private server for official business. she had an “obligation” to do so, and discuss such use with the chief information officer and assistant secretary of diplomatic security.
the two offices would have “attempted to provide her with approved and secured means that met her business needs.” but they “did not and would not approve her exclusive reliance on a personal email account to conduct department business, because of the restrictions in the [foreign affairs manual] and the security risks in doing so,” the inspector general wrote.
schwerin noted the difference between “allowed” and “approved” by the state department. “she had reason to believe the use of personal email accounts was allowed given that there was precedent of top officials, including secretary [colin l.] powell and other senior level aides, using their personal email for work in years prior. this precedent was confirmed by the report,” he said.
indeed, the report found that more than 90 other employees from 2001 to 2008 periodically used personal email accounts to conduct official business. (john kerry is the first secretary of state to use a email account, and he also used his personal email when he was transitioning from the senate to the office of the secretary, according to the inspector general.)
but as written before, the rules were not as clear prior to 2009, when the u.s. code of federal regulations on handling electronic records was updated: “agencies that allow employees to send and receive official electronic mail messages using a system not operated by the agency must ensure that federal records sent or received on such systems are preserved in the appropriate agency system.” the responsibility for making and preserving the records is assigned to “the head of each federal agency.”
on top of that, when clinton was secretary, a cable went out under her signature warning employees to “avoid conducting official department business from your personal e-mail accounts.”
fallon told and that clinton “thought” it was allowed, and that even though the inspector findings contradict past statements, it “doesn’t make her statements untruthful,” according to.
“it did not occur to her that having it on a personal server could be so distinct that it would be unapproved,” fallon told. “we’re not intending to say post the report that her server was allowed. we contest that. saying the use of personal email was widespread.”
[update: in a july 7, 2016 house committee on oversight and government reform hearing, fbi director james was asked several times whether clinton used her private email server out of convenience.
when asked whether clinton “knowingly, clearly set up her own private server to shield communications from congress and the public,” replied: “i say that. our best information is that she set it up as a matter of convenience. it was an existing system her husband had and she decided to have a domain on that system.”
fbi agents asked her why she set up the email system, and her answer was that it was out of convenience, “it was already there. it was a system her husband had and so she just jumped on to it,” said.
comey said he did not know whether fbi agents investigating clinton specifically asked her whether she stands by her convenience claim. but he said “they established, in talking to her, she used many devices during her four years. so i know whether they asked her specifically about that statement.” said he “want to get in the business of trying to parse and judge her public statements.”]
the pinocchio test
when clinton addressed reporters on march 10, 2015, she had a prepared statement with four points she wanted to make. the first point she made regarding her emails was that she “opted for convenience to use my personal email account, which was allowed by the state department.” she said she thought “it would be easier to carry just one device for my work and for my personal emails instead of two.”
convenience certainly may have been a factor. but what is clear now is that on at least two separate occasions in her tenure, clinton was open to carrying two devices or having two separate email accounts especially when her use of personal email led to communications breakdowns with her staff. these details show there was more happening than clinton explained in this statement, and it makes her convenience excuse less credible.
clinton also said using her personal email account “was allowed by the state department.” the inspector general report makes it clear that clinton never cleared her use of her private email on a private server even though she had an obligation to do so. the report also says the department would not have approved it had she asked. so her statement was quite misleading.
dozens of employees and secretary colin l. powell did use their personal emails, but that was before the rules were made clearer in 2009. plus, they did not set up a private server like clinton did. since these new details emerged, campaign has said she “thought” it was allowed, and that she think a personal server was “so distinct that it would be unapproved.” those are semantic differences that are meaningless to the average voter.
clinton has continued to use some version of this talking point from her march 2015 news conference. but when you add up the details that have emerged, they are just not that credible and worthy of three. time to update the talking points.
three
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““first*, wɪn aɪ gɑt tɪ wərk ɛz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt, aɪ ˈɑptɪd fər kənˈvinjəns tɪ juz maɪ ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnt, wɪʧ wɑz əˈlaʊd baɪ ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt, bɪˈkəz aɪ θɔt ɪt wʊd bi ˈiziər tɪ ˈkɛri ʤɪst wən dɪˈvaɪs fər maɪ wərk ənd fər maɪ ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪlz ˌɪnˈstɛd əv two.”*.” ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən, nuz ˈkɑnfərəns æˈdrɛsɪŋ hər ˈpraɪvət iˈmeɪl ˈsərvər, mɑrʧ 10 2015 ðə fækt ˈʧɛkər həz rɪˈsivd ˈnumərəs ˈridər rɪkˈwɛsts tɪ riˈvɪzɪt kleɪmz ˈklɪntən meɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ hər mɑrʧ 2015 nuz ˈkɑnfərəns, ɪn laɪt əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðət həz ˈsərfɪst ɪn ˈrisənt wiks. ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr, ˈsɛvərəl ˈridərz hæv reɪzd ðə kˈwɛʃən ɛz tɪ haʊ kleɪm ðət ʃi juzd hər ˈæˌdrɛs ənd ə ˈpraɪvət ˈsərvər aʊt əv ““convenience”*” ənd ðət ˈjuzɪŋ hər ˈpraɪvət iˈmeɪl wɑz baɪ ðə steɪt department.”*.” wɪn ˈklɪntən hɛld hər ˌɪˈnɪʃəl nuz ˈkɑnfərəns, wi ˈfoʊkɪst ɑr ɔn ðə fɔr pɔɪnts ɪn hər ˈoʊpənɪŋ ˈsteɪtmənt ənd ki ˈænsərz tɪ rɪˈpɔrtərz. wi dɪd nɑt ˈɪʃu ə ˈrulɪŋ, ɛz ɪt wɑz ə fluɪd ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən. (ɔl əv ɑr rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈklɪntən iˈmeɪlz ər əˈveɪləbəl æt wapo.st/clintonemailfacts*.) ɪn ðə mɑrʧ 2015, wi roʊt ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə kwoʊt əˈbəv: pərˈhæps ðɪs wɑz ðə ˈækʧəwəl ˈrizən, bət wərθ ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðət ˈsɛkrəˌtɛriz əv steɪt ər ˈɔlˌweɪz əˈkəmpənid baɪ stæf hu ˈkɛri ˈpərsɪz, ˈbrifˌkeɪsɪz ənd soʊ fɔrθ. ɪt wʊd hæv bɪn əp tɪ ðə stæf tɪ kip træk əv ðə dɪˈvaɪsɪz, nɑt ˈklɪntən. ˈklɪntən həz nɑt dɪˈskloʊzd hu æt ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt əˈpruvd ðə juz əv ə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈiˌmeɪl əˈkaʊnt, wɪθ ɪts oʊn ˈsərvər, ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə ˈgəvərnmənt əˈkaʊnt. wən wʊd ɪkˈspɛkt ðɛr ɪz ə ˈpeɪpər treɪl ðət wʊd ɪkˈspleɪn haʊ ənd waɪ əˈpruvəl wɑz ˈgrænɪd. (ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi fər wən foʊn tɪ ˈhændəl tu iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnts wɑz ˈfɛrli ˈneɪsənt bæk ɪn 2009 si haʊ ðə kwoʊt hoʊldz əp naʊ. ðə fækts ‘‘convenience’*’ ə bæʧ əv iˈmeɪlz riˈlist læst mənθ ˈkrɑnɪkəlz ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈɪʃuz ðət ˈklɪntən ənd hər tɔp eɪdz wər ˈfeɪsɪŋ wɪθ hər ˈpraɪvət əˈkaʊnt ɪn leɪt 2010 ðɪs lɛd tɪ kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˈɪʃuz bɪtˈwin ˈklɪntən ənd hər stæf, ənd iˈmeɪlz wər biɪŋ blɑkt baɪ ðə steɪt ˈsərvər. ɪn ə noʊˈvɛmbər 2010 iˈmeɪl, ˈklɪntən roʊt tɪ hər ˈlɔŋˌtaɪm eɪd,: ɪz nɑt ə gʊd system.”*.” rɪˈspɑndɪd: ʃʊd tɔk əˈbaʊt ˈpʊtɪŋ ju ɔn steɪt iˈmeɪl ər riˈlisɪŋ jʊr iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs tɪ ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt soʊ ju ər nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ spæm. nɑt ðə foʊn ˈmɛsɪʤ ˈsɪstəm, ðə dɪˈvaɪs delay.”*.” gɪt ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈæˌdrɛs ər dɪˈvaɪs, bət aɪ wɔnt ˈɛni rɪsk əv ðə ˈpərsɪnəl biɪŋ accessible,”*,” ˈklɪntən roʊt. ðɪs iˈmeɪl bɪˈkeɪm ə rɪˈkərɪŋ laɪn əv kˈwɛsʧənɪŋ ɪn ˌdɛpəˈzɪʃən, ðə ˈtrænˌskrɪpt əv wɪʧ wɑz riˈlist læst wik baɪ ʤuˈdɪʃəl wɔʧ. wɪn æst əˈbaʊt ðət læst rɪˈspɑns laɪn baɪ ˈklɪntən, ɪkˈspleɪnd: rɛd ðət laɪn ɪgˈzæktli ðə weɪ ʃi roʊt ɪt, wɪʧ ɪz, gɪt ə ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈæˌdrɛs. ðɛr wɑz noʊ rɪˈzɪstəns tɪ ˈgɪtɪŋ ə ˈsɛpərˌeɪt iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs, ɛz ˈrɛdɪŋ ɪt ɪn ðɪs ˈdɑkjəmɛnt. ənd nɑt ˈwɑnɪŋ hər ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪlz tɪ bi ækˈsɛsəbəl tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk. ʤɪst laɪk ju aɪ wʊd ˌɪˈmæʤən ˈɛnibədi hu həz ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl wɔnt ðət ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl tɪ bi rɛd baɪ ˈɛnibədi else.”*.” ˈænsər ʃoʊz ðət ˈklɪntən wɑz ˈoʊpən tɪ ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈsɛkənd dɪˈvaɪs ər iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs wɪʧ kɔlz ˈɪntu kˈwɛʃən ˈwɛðər ðə ““convenience”*” kənˈsərn wɑz ˈrɛləvənt ər ˈæpləkəbəl ˈæftər ʃi bɪˈkeɪm ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt. jɛt ˈklɪntən dɪd nɑt ˈmɛnʃən ðiz ˈɪʃuz wɪn ʃi ɪkˈspleɪnd ʃi ʧoʊz ðə ˈsɪstəm aʊt əv kənˈvinjəns. ˈklɪntən ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðə ˈtaɪmlinəs əv hər officials’*’ kɔlz ənd ɪf ðət kʊd bi fəˈsɪləˌteɪtɪd baɪ əˈkaʊnt, ʃi wɑz ˈoʊpən tɪ ˈhævɪŋ wən ɪf ʃi kʊd meɪnˈteɪn ðə ˈpraɪvəsi əv hər rɪˈleɪtɪd correspondence,”*,” ˈklɪntən kæmˈpeɪn ˈspoʊksmən ʤɑʃ ʃˈwɛrɪn sɛd. ˈklɪntən ˈleɪtər rɪkˈwɛstɪd tɪ swɪʧ tɪ ə steɪt dɪˈvaɪs tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs hər ˈpərsɪnəl wən, ɛz ʃoʊn ɪn ðɪs dɪˈteɪld əˈkaʊnt əv hər iˈmeɪl ˈsɑgə baɪ ɑr ˈkɑlig ˈrɑbərt. ɪn ən ˈɔgəst 2011 iˈmeɪl, ˈstivən məl, ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri æt ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt, roʊt tɪ eɪdz: ər ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ prəˈvaɪd ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri pər hər rɪkˈwɛst ə dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈɪʃud ˈblækˌbɛri tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ˈpərsɪnəl ˈjunɪt, wɪʧ ɪz mælˈfəŋkʃənɪŋ (ˈpɑsəbli bɪˈkəz əv hər ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl ˈsərvər ɪz daʊn.) wi wɪl priˈpɛr tu ˈvərʒən fər hər tɪ juz wən wɪθ ən ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnt (wɪʧ wʊd mæsk hər aɪˈdɛntəˌti, bət wɪʧ wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ˈɛˈfoʊˈaɪˈeɪ requests).”*).” rɪˈspɑndɪd: dɪˈskəs ðə steɪt ˈblækˌbɛri. meɪk ə hoʊl lɔt əv sense.”*.” (ˈklɪntən ˈspoʊksmən braɪən ˈfælən toʊld ðə iˈmeɪl ʃoʊd ðət ðə stæf ðə aɪˈdiə əv hər aɪˈdɛntəˌti biɪŋ masked.”*.”) roʊt ðət juz. ˈdɪstrɪkt kɔrt ʤəʤ ˈɛmɪt ʤi. ˈsəlɪvən, prɪˈzaɪdɪŋ ˈoʊvər ə ʤuˈdɪʃəl wɔʧ ˈlɔˌsut ˈoʊvər ðə iˈmeɪlz, ˈsaɪtɪd ðɪs iˈmeɪl pɑrt əv ðə ˈrizən hi ˈɔrdərd ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈproʊdus ˈrɛkərdz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ɪts ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈfeɪljərz ɪn ðə ˈɛˈfoʊˈaɪˈeɪ ˈsərʧɪz fər records.”*.” ˈsəlɪvən sɛd ðɛr wər ləˈʤɪtəmət kˈwɛsʧənz reɪzd ˈwɛðər stæf wɑz traɪɪŋ tɪ hɛlp hər tɪ ˈsaɪdˌstɛp foia,”*,” roʊt. [ˈəpˌdeɪt: ɪn hɪz əˈnaʊnsmɛnt ðət hi wʊd nɑt ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd ˈkrɪmənəl ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst ˈklɪntən, ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ʤeɪmz sɛd ˈklɪntən juzd ˈmoʊbəl dɪˈvaɪsɪz tɪ vju ənd sɛnd iˈmeɪl" ˈdʊrɪŋ hər taɪm ɛz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt.] baɪ ðə steɪt department’*’ ˈklɪntən sɛd hər ˈpraɪvət iˈmeɪl wɑz baɪ ðə steɪt department.”*.” wi hæv ˈrɪtən əˈbaʊt ə ˈsɪmələr kleɪm ˌbiˈfɔr, ənd əˈwɔrdɪd θri tɪ ˈklɪntən wɪn ʃi sɛd aɪ dɪd [ɔn iˈmeɪlz] wɑz permitted.”*.” ʃi həz sɛd rɪˈpitɪdli sɪns ðɛn, aɪ dɪd wɑz əˈlaʊd baɪ ðə steɪt department.”*.” ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈɔfəs əv ðə ˌɪnˈspɛktər rɪˈpɔrt riˈlist ɪn meɪ faʊnd evidence”*” ðət ˈklɪntən rɪkˈwɛstɪd ər əbˈteɪnd ˈgaɪdəns ər əˈpruvəl frəm ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt tɪ ˈsoʊəli juz hər ˈpraɪvət iˈmeɪl ɔn hər ˈpraɪvət ˈsərvər fər əˈfɪʃəl ˈbɪznɪs. ʃi hæd ən ““obligation”*” tɪ du soʊ, ənd dɪˈskəs səʧ juz wɪθ ðə ʧif ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈɔfɪsər ənd əˈsɪstənt ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk sɪˈkjʊrəti. ðə tu ˈɔfəsɪz wʊd hæv tɪ prəˈvaɪd hər wɪθ əˈpruvd ənd sɪˈkjʊrd minz ðət mɛt hər ˈbɪznɪs needs.”*.” bət ðeɪ nɑt ənd wʊd nɑt əˈpruv hər ɪkˈsklusɪv rɪˈlaɪəns ɔn ə ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnt tɪ ˈkɑndəkt dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈbɪznɪs, bɪˈkəz əv ðə riˈstrɪkʃənz ɪn ðə [ˈfɔrən əˈfɛrz ˈmænjuəl] ənd ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti rɪsks ɪn duɪŋ so,”*,” ðə ˌɪnˈspɛktər ˈʤɛnərəl roʊt. ʃˈwɛrɪn ˈnoʊtɪd ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ““allowed”*” ənd ““approved”*” baɪ ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt. hæd ˈrizən tɪ bɪˈliv ðə juz əv ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnts wɑz əˈlaʊd ˈgɪvɪn ðət ðɛr wɑz ˈprɛsɪdənt əv tɔp əˈfɪʃəlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri [ˈkoʊlɪn ɛl.] ˈpɑwɛl ənd ˈəðər ˈsinjər ˈlɛvəl eɪdz, ˈjuzɪŋ ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl fər wərk ɪn jɪrz praɪər. ðɪs ˈprɛsɪdənt wɑz kənˈfərmd baɪ ðə report,”*,” hi sɛd. ˌɪnˈdid, ðə rɪˈpɔrt faʊnd ðət mɔr ðən 90 ˈəðər ɪmˈplɔɪiz frəm 2001 tɪ 2008 ˌpiriˈɑdɪkəli juzd ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnts tɪ ˈkɑndəkt əˈfɪʃəl ˈbɪznɪs. (ʤɑn ˈkɛri ɪz ðə fərst ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt tɪ juz ə iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnt, ənd hi ˈɔlsoʊ juzd hɪz ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl wɪn hi wɑz trænˈzɪʃənɪŋ frəm ðə ˈsɛnɪt tɪ ðə ˈɔfəs əv ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌɪnˈspɛktər ˈʤɛnərəl.) bət ɛz ˈrɪtən ˌbiˈfɔr, ðə rulz wər nɑt ɛz klɪr praɪər tɪ 2009 wɪn ðə juz. koʊd əv ˈfɛdərəl ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz ɔn ˈhændəlɪŋ ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk ˈrɛkərdz wɑz ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd: ðət əˈlaʊ ɪmˈplɔɪiz tɪ sɛnd ənd rɪˈsiv əˈfɪʃəl ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk meɪl ˈmɛsɪʤɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ə ˈsɪstəm nɑt ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd baɪ ðə ˈeɪʤənsi məst ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ˈfɛdərəl ˈrɛkərdz sɛnt ər rɪˈsivd ɔn səʧ ˈsɪstəmz ər prɪˈzərvd ɪn ðə əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ˈeɪʤənsi system.”*.” ðə riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ənd prɪˈzərvɪŋ ðə ˈrɛkərdz ɪz əˈsaɪnd tɪ hɛd əv iʧ ˈfɛdərəl agency.”*.” ɔn tɔp əv ðət, wɪn ˈklɪntən wɑz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri, ə ˈkeɪbəl wɛnt aʊt ˈəndər hər ˈsɪgnəʧər ˈwɔrnɪŋ ɪmˈplɔɪiz tɪ kənˈdəktɪŋ əˈfɪʃəl dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈbɪznɪs frəm jʊr ˈpərsɪnəl ˈiˌmeɪl accounts.”*.” ˈfælən toʊld ənd ðət ˈklɪntən ““thought”*” ɪt wɑz əˈlaʊd, ənd ðət ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðə ˌɪnˈspɛktər ˈfaɪndɪŋz ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkt pæst ˈsteɪtmənts, ɪt meɪk hər ˈsteɪtmənts untruthful,”*,” əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ. dɪd nɑt əˈkər tɪ hər ðət ˈhævɪŋ ɪt ɔn ə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈsərvər kʊd bi soʊ dɪˈstɪŋkt ðət ɪt wʊd bi unapproved,”*,” ˈfælən toʊld. nɑt ˌɪnˈtɛndɪŋ tɪ seɪ poʊst ðə rɪˈpɔrt ðət hər ˈsərvər wɑz əˈlaʊd. wi ˈkɑntɛst ðət. seɪɪŋ ðə juz əv ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl wɑz widespread.”*.” [ˈəpˌdeɪt: ɪn ə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 7 2016 haʊs kəˈmɪti ɔn ˈoʊvərˌsaɪt ənd ˈgəvərnmənt rɪˈfɔrm ˈhirɪŋ, ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ʤeɪmz wɑz æst ˈsɛvərəl taɪmz ˈwɛðər ˈklɪntən juzd hər ˈpraɪvət iˈmeɪl ˈsərvər aʊt əv kənˈvinjəns. wɪn æst ˈwɛðər ˈklɪntən ““knowingly*, ˈklɪrli sɛt əp hər oʊn ˈpraɪvət ˈsərvər tɪ ʃild kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz frəm ˈkɑŋgrəs ənd ðə public,”*,” rɪˈplaɪd: seɪ ðət. ɑr bɛst ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ðət ʃi sɛt ɪt əp ɛz ə ˈmætər əv kənˈvinjəns. ɪt wɑz ən ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈsɪstəm hər ˈhəzbənd hæd ənd ʃi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ hæv ə doʊˈmeɪn ɔn ðət system.”*.” ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˈeɪʤənts æst hər waɪ ʃi sɛt əp ðə iˈmeɪl ˈsɪstəm, ənd hər ˈænsər wɑz ðət ɪt wɑz aʊt əv kənˈvinjəns, wɑz ɔˈrɛdi ðɛr. ɪt wɑz ə ˈsɪstəm hər ˈhəzbənd hæd ənd soʊ ʃi ʤɪst ʤəmpt ɔn tɪ it,”*,” sɛd. sɛd hi dɪd nɑt noʊ ˈwɛðər ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˈeɪʤənts ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ˈklɪntən spəˈsɪfɪkli æst hər ˈwɛðər ʃi stændz baɪ hər kənˈvinjəns kleɪm. bət hi sɛd ɪˈstæblɪʃt, ɪn ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ hər, ʃi juzd ˈmɛni dɪˈvaɪsɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ hər fɔr jɪrz. soʊ aɪ noʊ ˈwɛðər ðeɪ æst hər spəˈsɪfɪkli əˈbaʊt ðət statement.”*.” sɛd hi tɪ gɪt ɪn ðə ˈbɪznɪs əv traɪɪŋ tɪ pɑrs ənd ʤəʤ hər ˈpəblɪk statements.”*.”] ðə pɪˈnoʊkioʊ tɛst wɪn ˈklɪntən əˈdrɛst rɪˈpɔrtərz ɔn mɑrʧ 10 2015 ʃi hæd ə priˈpɛrd ˈsteɪtmənt wɪθ fɔr pɔɪnts ʃi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ meɪk. ðə fərst pɔɪnt ʃi meɪd rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ hər iˈmeɪlz wɑz ðət ʃi fər kənˈvinjəns tɪ juz maɪ ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnt, wɪʧ wɑz əˈlaʊd baɪ ðə steɪt department.”*.” ʃi sɛd ʃi θɔt wʊd bi ˈiziər tɪ ˈkɛri ʤɪst wən dɪˈvaɪs fər maɪ wərk ənd fər maɪ ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪlz ˌɪnˈstɛd əv two.”*.” kənˈvinjəns ˈsərtənli meɪ hæv bɪn ə ˈfæktər. bət wət ɪz klɪr naʊ ɪz ðət ɔn æt list tu ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ɔˈkeɪʒənz ɪn hər ˈtɛnjər, ˈklɪntən wɑz ˈoʊpən tɪ ˈkɛriɪŋ tu dɪˈvaɪsɪz ər ˈhævɪŋ tu ˈsɛpərˌeɪt iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnts əˈspɛʃəli wɪn hər juz əv ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl lɛd tɪ kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˈbreɪkˌdaʊnz wɪθ hər stæf. ðiz ˈditeɪlz ʃoʊ ðɛr wɑz mɔr ˈhæpənɪŋ ðən ˈklɪntən ɪkˈspleɪnd ɪn ðɪs ˈsteɪtmənt, ənd ɪt meɪks hər kənˈvinjəns ɪkˈskjuz lɛs ˈkrɛdəbəl. ˈklɪntən ˈɔlsoʊ sɛd ˈjuzɪŋ hər ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪl əˈkaʊnt əˈlaʊd baɪ ðə steɪt department.”*.” ðə ˌɪnˈspɛktər ˈʤɛnərəl rɪˈpɔrt meɪks ɪt klɪr ðət ˈklɪntən ˈnɛvər klɪrd hər juz əv hər ˈpraɪvət iˈmeɪl ɔn ə ˈpraɪvət ˈsərvər ˈivɪn ðoʊ ʃi hæd ən ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃən tɪ du soʊ. ðə rɪˈpɔrt ˈɔlsoʊ sɪz ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt wʊd nɑt hæv əˈpruvd ɪt hæd ʃi æst. soʊ hər ˈsteɪtmənt wɑz kwaɪt mɪsˈlidɪŋ. ˈdəzənz əv ɪmˈplɔɪiz ənd ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈkoʊlɪn ɛl. ˈpɑwɛl dɪd juz ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl iˈmeɪlz, bət ðət wɑz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə rulz wər meɪd ˈklɪrər ɪn 2009 pləs, ðeɪ dɪd nɑt sɛt əp ə ˈpraɪvət ˈsərvər laɪk ˈklɪntən dɪd. sɪns ðiz nu ˈditeɪlz ˈimərʤd, kæmˈpeɪn həz sɛd ʃi ““thought”*” ɪt wɑz əˈlaʊd, ənd ðət ʃi θɪŋk ə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈsərvər wɑz dɪˈstɪŋkt ðət ɪt wʊd bi unapproved.”*.” ðoʊz ər sɪˈmæntɪk ˈdɪfərənsɪz ðət ər ˈminɪŋləs tɪ ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈvoʊtər. ˈklɪntən həz kənˈtɪnjud tɪ juz səm ˈvərʒən əv ðɪs ˈtɔkɪŋ pɔɪnt frəm hər mɑrʧ 2015 nuz ˈkɑnfərəns. bət wɪn ju æd əp ðə ˈditeɪlz ðət hæv ˈimərʤd, ðeɪ ər ʤɪst nɑt ðət ˈkrɛdəbəl ənd ˈwərði əv θri. taɪm tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt ðə ˈtɔkɪŋ pɔɪnts. θri (əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈreɪtɪŋ skeɪl) sɛnd ˈjuˈɛs fækts tɪ ʧɛk baɪ ˈfɪlɪŋ aʊt ðɪs fɔrm ʧɛk aʊt ɑr 2016 ˈkænədɪts peɪʤ saɪn əp fər ðə fækt ˈʧɛkər ˈwikli ˈnuzˌlɛtər
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i had the chance to do a brief hands-on with the kindle 2 after its introduction today; in contrast to last time around, review copies were not available to the press. i've gone on record with a list of complaints about the first generation version, and suggested that there may have been little amazon could do, given its reliance on for that hardware. it appears that has come through for them in a big way, and the kindle 2 is a far better device as a result.
the new version displays more shades of grey than were previously possible, and amazon has paired that with a set of updated fonts to make the text significantly crisper and easier to read. but it's the speed of the display that makes everything different. amazon claims a 20 percent improvement in page flips, but it's clear that the operating system is very capable of redrawing only of the the software is smarter about that than it was previously, it's impossible to tell. in any case, the result is that anything done on the screen is very much the cursor, selecting text, typing, menus, you name it. it's really hard to convey just how much more responsive the device feels.
the new layout of controls on kindle 2
because amazon can do more on the screen, it was able to revamp a lot of the rest of the interface. the strip on the right side of kindle 1, which was used for selecting text and menu items, and sporadically for indicating progress, is gone, and good riddance. in killing it, amazon has gotten rid of some of the worst of its interface inconsistencies, and more closely linked controlling the device to its primary screen. the faster display has allowed a cursor to be moved around the screen, and highlighting of selected text, items, and menus to be performed there, as well, all of which makes for a better interface.
since the controls can now operate on the two dimensions of the screen, the click wheel that controlled the first generation device is gone, replaced by a nub controller that acts much like the nipple in the keyboard of the old thinkpads. it's a bit small for my thumbs, but i expect that longer periods of use would get me comfortable with it.
physically, the most striking aspect of the device is its really is remarkably thin, and the sleek metal back (reminiscent of the iphone) is very appealing. it still feels quite robust, however. amazon clearly listened to its customers' feedback when it comes to the large buttons that graced the sides of the original kindle, which made it far too easy to accidentally advance a page. they're gone, and the smaller buttons that replace them pivot inwards, meaning that grabbing the edge of the device can't advance a page, even if you hit the smaller buttons.
the downside of this is that the screen, largely unchanged in size, really appears to be swimming in a sea of white plastic now, since there are wide margins between it and the edge on the upper third of the device. the bottom quarter still contains the keyboard. when asked about an on-screen keyboard, an amazon staffer said that the company thinks on-screen keyboards cause more problems than they solve, especially given it's the primary reading surface, so that's unlikely to go away.
that said, it did get a facelift for kindle 2. because of the faster screen, characters like punctuation and symbols are selected on-screen using the pointer after hitting an alt button, meaning each key only handles one character now, which gives it a cleaner look. the layout of keys, arrangement but with the keys in vertical columns, instead of offset between me completely lost. having gone from typing on an iphone to this keyboard, which requires a fair bit of pressure before a physical click is felt, was also disorienting. the and return keys were also on top of each other, which caused me other problems. unlike the pointer, i'm not sure i could get used to this with time; in my short hands on, i really hated it.
stylish brushed metal appears on the side you don't look at.
as we mentioned before, a lot more action happens on screen, and the software has been updated in many ways to reflect that. some of the content, like newspaper articles, has also seen an update to make it easier to navigate and get a quick feel for a story. music and web browsing still reside in the "experimental" section, and are joined by the new feature. the biggest feature, software-wise, seems to be the new, "whispersync" feature, which can be triggered with a menu command. this will get both a user's content and location within and between different kindles. we've confirmed that it has been added to kindle 1 devices through a update today.
jeff hinted in his product intro that it will eventually work with content "on other mobile devices," but my attempts to get anyone from amazon to talk about that went nowhere, or rather led into a thicket of answers about how the company wasn't ready to make statements.
overall, i have to say that the kindle 2 is a far superior device to the first iteration, and really shows an attention to detail that, based on the earlier device, it wasn't clear that amazon had in it. more significantly, perhaps, is the fact that the company has clearly made sensible fixes to many of the problems, which demonstrates a clear commitment to listening to its customers. the changes give me hope that, when the ready, the remaining issues (primarily the keyboard and the small screen) will be fixed. it makes me anxious to see what's in store for kindle 3.
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aɪ hæd ðə ʧæns tɪ du ə brif ˌhænˈzɔn wɪθ ðə ˈkɪndəl 2 ˈæftər ɪts ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən təˈdeɪ; ɪn ˈkɑntræst tɪ læst taɪm əraʊnd, ˌrivˈju ˈkɑpiz wər nɑt əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ðə prɛs. aɪv gɔn ɔn ˈrɛkərd wɪθ ə lɪst əv kəmˈpleɪnts əˈbaʊt ðə fərst ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˈvərʒən, ənd səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ðɛr meɪ hæv bɪn ˈlɪtəl ˈæməˌzɑn kʊd du, ˈgɪvɪn ɪts rɪˈlaɪəns ɔn fər ðət ˈhɑrdˌwɛr. ɪt əˈpɪrz ðət həz kəm θru fər ðɛm ɪn ə bɪg weɪ, ənd ðə ˈkɪndəl 2 ɪz ə fɑr ˈbɛtər dɪˈvaɪs ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt. ðə nu ˈvərʒən dɪˈspleɪz mɔr ʃeɪdz əv greɪ ðən wər ˈpriviəsli ˈpɑsəbəl, ənd ˈæməˌzɑn həz pɛrd ðət wɪθ ə sɛt əv ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd fɑnts tɪ meɪk ðə tɛkst sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˈkrɪspər ənd ˈiziər tɪ rɛd. bət ɪts ðə spid əv ðə dɪˈspleɪ ðət meɪks ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˈdɪfərənt. ˈæməˌzɑn kleɪmz ə 20 pərˈsɛnt ˌɪmˈpruvmənt ɪn peɪʤ flɪps, bət ɪts klɪr ðət ðə ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm ɪz ˈvɛri ˈkeɪpəbəl əv riˈdrɔɪŋ ˈoʊnli əv ðə ðə ˈsɔfˌwɛr ɪz sˈmɑrtər əˈbaʊt ðət ðən ɪt wɑz ˈpriviəsli, ɪts ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ tɛl. ɪn ˈɛni keɪs, ðə rɪˈzəlt ɪz ðət ˈɛniˌθɪŋ dən ɔn ðə skrin ɪz ˈvɛri məʧ ðə ˈkərsər, səˈlɛktɪŋ tɛkst, ˈtaɪpɪŋ, ˈmɛnjuz, ju neɪm ɪt. ɪts ˈrɪli hɑrd tɪ kənˈveɪ ʤɪst haʊ məʧ mɔr rɪˈspɑnsɪv ðə dɪˈvaɪs filz. ðə nu leɪaʊt əv kənˈtroʊlz ɔn ˈkɪndəl 2 bɪˈkəz ˈæməˌzɑn kən du mɔr ɔn ðə skrin, ɪt wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ riˈvæmp ə lɔt əv ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈɪnərˌfeɪs. ðə strɪp ɔn ðə raɪt saɪd əv ˈkɪndəl 1 wɪʧ wɑz juzd fər səˈlɛktɪŋ tɛkst ənd ˈmɛnju ˈaɪtəmz, ənd spərˈædɪkli fər ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪŋ ˈprɑˌgrɛs, ɪz gɔn, ənd gʊd ˈrɪdəns. ɪn ˈkɪlɪŋ ɪt, ˈæməˌzɑn həz ˈgɔtən rɪd əv səm əv ðə wərst əv ɪts ˈɪnərˌfeɪs ˌɪŋˈkɑnsɪˌstɛnsiz, ənd mɔr ˈkloʊsli lɪŋkt kənˈtroʊlɪŋ ðə dɪˈvaɪs tɪ ɪts ˈpraɪˌmɛri skrin. ðə ˈfæstər dɪˈspleɪ həz əˈlaʊd ə ˈkərsər tɪ bi muvd əraʊnd ðə skrin, ənd ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪŋ əv səˈlɛktɪd tɛkst, ˈaɪtəmz, ənd ˈmɛnjuz tɪ bi pərˈfɔrmd ðɛr, ɛz wɛl, ɔl əv wɪʧ meɪks fər ə ˈbɛtər ˈɪnərˌfeɪs. sɪns ðə kənˈtroʊlz kən naʊ ˈɔpərˌeɪt ɔn ðə tu dɪˈmɛnʃənz əv ðə skrin, ðə klɪk wil ðət kənˈtroʊld ðə fərst ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən dɪˈvaɪs ɪz gɔn, ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ə nəb kənˈtroʊlər ðət ækts məʧ laɪk ðə ˈnɪpəl ɪn ðə ˈkiˌbɔrd əv ðə oʊld thinkpads*. ɪts ə bɪt smɔl fər maɪ θəmz, bət aɪ ɪkˈspɛkt ðət ˈlɔŋgər ˈpɪriədz əv juz wʊd gɪt mi ˈkəmfərtəbəl wɪθ ɪt. ˈfɪzɪkəli, ðə moʊst ˈstraɪkɪŋ ˈæˌspɛkt əv ðə dɪˈvaɪs ɪz ɪts ˈrɪli ɪz rɪˈmɑrkəbli θɪn, ənd ðə slik ˈmɛtəl bæk (ˌrɛməˈnɪsənt əv ðə ˈaɪˌfoʊn) ɪz ˈvɛri əˈpilɪŋ. ɪt stɪl filz kwaɪt roʊˈbəst, ˌhaʊˈɛvər. ˈæməˌzɑn ˈklɪrli ˈlɪsənd tɪ ɪts ˈkəstəmərz' ˈfidˌbæk wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ðə lɑrʤ ˈbətənz ðət greɪst ðə saɪdz əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈkɪndəl, wɪʧ meɪd ɪt fɑr tu ˈizi tɪ ˌæksəˈdɛnəli ədˈvæns ə peɪʤ. ðɛr gɔn, ənd ðə sˈmɔlər ˈbətənz ðət ˌriˈpleɪs ðɛm ˈpɪvət inwards*, ˈminɪŋ ðət ˈgræbɪŋ ðə ɛʤ əv ðə dɪˈvaɪs kænt ədˈvæns ə peɪʤ, ˈivɪn ɪf ju hɪt ðə sˈmɔlər ˈbətənz. ðə ˈdaʊnˌsaɪd əv ðɪs ɪz ðət ðə skrin, ˈlɑrʤli ənˈʧeɪnʤd ɪn saɪz, ˈrɪli əˈpɪrz tɪ bi sˈwɪmɪŋ ɪn ə si əv waɪt ˈplæstɪk naʊ, sɪns ðɛr ər waɪd ˈmɑrʤənz bɪtˈwin ɪt ənd ðə ɛʤ ɔn ðə ˈəpər θərd əv ðə dɪˈvaɪs. ðə ˈbɑtəm kˈwɔrtər stɪl kənˈteɪnz ðə ˈkiˌbɔrd. wɪn æst əˈbaʊt ən ˈɑnˌskrin ˈkiˌbɔrd, ən ˈæməˌzɑn ˈstæfər sɛd ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni θɪŋks ˈɑnˌskrin ˈkiˌbɔrdz kɔz mɔr ˈprɑbləmz ðən ðeɪ sɑlv, əˈspɛʃəli ˈgɪvɪn ɪts ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈrɛdɪŋ ˈsərfəs, soʊ ðæts ənˈlaɪkli tɪ goʊ əˈweɪ. ðət sɛd, ɪt dɪd gɪt ə ˈfeɪsˌlɪft fər ˈkɪndəl 2 bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈfæstər skrin, ˈkɛrɪktərz laɪk ˌpəŋkʧuˈeɪʃən ənd ˈsɪmbəlz ər səˈlɛktɪd ˈɑnˌskrin ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈpɔɪntər ˈæftər ˈhɪtɪŋ ən ɑlt ˈbətən, ˈminɪŋ iʧ ki ˈoʊnli ˈhændəlz wən ˈkɛrɪktər naʊ, wɪʧ gɪvz ɪt ə ˈklinər lʊk. ðə leɪaʊt əv kiz, ərˈeɪnʤmənt bət wɪθ ðə kiz ɪn ˈvərtɪkəl ˈkɑləmz, ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈɔfˌsɛt bɪtˈwin mi kəmˈplitli lɔst. ˈhævɪŋ gɔn frəm ˈtaɪpɪŋ ɔn ən ˈaɪˌfoʊn tɪ ðɪs ˈkiˌbɔrd, wɪʧ rikˈwaɪərz ə fɛr bɪt əv ˈprɛʃər ˌbiˈfɔr ə ˈfɪzɪkəl klɪk ɪz fɛlt, wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈsɔriˌɛntɪŋ. ðə ənd rɪˈtərn kiz wər ˈɔlsoʊ ɔn tɔp əv iʧ ˈəðər, wɪʧ kɔzd mi ˈəðər ˈprɑbləmz. ənˈlaɪk ðə ˈpɔɪntər, əm nɑt ʃʊr aɪ kʊd gɪt juzd tɪ ðɪs wɪθ taɪm; ɪn maɪ ʃɔrt hænz ɔn, aɪ ˈrɪli ˈheɪtɪd ɪt. ˈstaɪlɪʃ brəʃt ˈmɛtəl əˈpɪrz ɔn ðə saɪd ju doʊnt lʊk æt. ɛz wi ˈmɛnʃənd ˌbiˈfɔr, ə lɔt mɔr ˈækʃən ˈhæpənz ɔn skrin, ənd ðə ˈsɔfˌwɛr həz bɪn ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ɪn ˈmɛni weɪz tɪ rɪˈflɛkt ðət. səm əv ðə ˈkɑntɛnt, laɪk ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ˈɑrtɪkəlz, həz ˈɔlsoʊ sin ən ˈəpˌdeɪt tɪ meɪk ɪt ˈiziər tɪ ˈnævəˌgeɪt ənd gɪt ə kwɪk fil fər ə ˈstɔri. mˈjuzɪk ənd wɛb ˈbraʊzɪŋ stɪl rɪˈzaɪd ɪn ðə "ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl" ˈsɛkʃən, ənd ər ʤɔɪnd baɪ ðə nu ˈfiʧər. ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈfiʧər, software-wise*, simz tɪ bi ðə nu, "whispersync*" ˈfiʧər, wɪʧ kən bi ˈtrɪgərd wɪθ ə ˈmɛnju kəˈmænd. ðɪs wɪl gɪt boʊθ ə ˈjuzərz ˈkɑntɛnt ənd loʊˈkeɪʃən wɪˈθɪn ənd bɪtˈwin ˈdɪfərənt kindles*. wiv kənˈfərmd ðət ɪt həz bɪn ˈædɪd tɪ ˈkɪndəl 1 dɪˈvaɪsɪz θru ə ˈəpˌdeɪt təˈdeɪ. ʤɛf ˈhɪnɪd ɪn hɪz ˈprɑdəkt ˈɪntroʊ ðət ɪt wɪl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli wərk wɪθ ˈkɑntɛnt "ɔn ˈəðər ˈmoʊbəl dɪˈvaɪsɪz," bət maɪ əˈtɛmpts tɪ gɪt ˈɛniˌwən frəm ˈæməˌzɑn tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ðət wɛnt ˈnoʊˌwɛr, ər ˈrəðər lɛd ˈɪntu ə ˈθɪkɪt əv ˈænsərz əˈbaʊt haʊ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈwəzənt ˈrɛdi tɪ meɪk ˈsteɪtmənts. ˈoʊvərˌɔl, aɪ hæv tɪ seɪ ðət ðə ˈkɪndəl 2 ɪz ə fɑr suˈpɪriər dɪˈvaɪs tɪ ðə fərst ˌɪtəˈreɪʃən, ənd ˈrɪli ʃoʊz ən əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ˈditeɪl ðət, beɪst ɔn ðə ˈərliər dɪˈvaɪs, ɪt ˈwəzənt klɪr ðət ˈæməˌzɑn hæd ɪn ɪt. mɔr sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli, pərˈhæps, ɪz ðə fækt ðət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni həz ˈklɪrli meɪd ˈsɛnsəbəl ˈfɪksɪz tɪ ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈprɑbləmz, wɪʧ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪts ə klɪr kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ˈlɪsənɪŋ tɪ ɪts ˈkəstəmərz. ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪz gɪv mi hoʊp ðət, wɪn ðə ˈrɛdi, ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈɪʃuz (praɪˈmɛrəli ðə ˈkiˌbɔrd ənd ðə smɔl skrin) wɪl bi fɪkst. ɪt meɪks mi ˈæŋʃəs tɪ si wəts ɪn stɔr fər ˈkɪndəl 3
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early life edit
education and early loves edit
career edit
life abroad (1816–1824) edit
personal life edit
health and appearance edit
byron, 1830 character and psyche edit i am such a strange of good and evil that it would be difficult to describe] as a boy, byron's character is described as a "mixture of affectionate sweetness and playfulness, by which it was impossible not to be attached", although he also exhibited "silent rages, moody and revenge" with a precocious bent for attachment and] edit from birth, byron suffered from a deformity of his right foot. although it has generally been referred to as a "club foot", some modern medical authors maintain that it was a consequence of infantile paralysis (poliomyelitis), and others that it was a dysplasia, a failure of the bones to form] whatever the cause, he was afflicted with a limp that caused him lifelong psychological and physical misery, aggravated by painful and pointless "medical treatment" in his childhood and the nagging suspicion that with proper care it might have been] he was extremely self-conscious about this from a young age, himself le] (french for "the limping devil", after the nickname given to asmodeus by alain-rené lesage in his 1707 novel of the same name). although he often wore shoes in an attempt to hide the deformed] he refused to wear any type of brace that might improve the] scottish novelist john galt felt his oversensitivity to the "innocent fault in his foot was and excessive" because the limp was "not greatly conspicuous". he first met byron on a voyage to sardinia and did not realise he had any deficiency for several days, and still could not tell at first if the was a temporary injury or not. at the time galt met him he was an adult and had worked to develop "a mode of walking across a room by which it was scarcely at all] the motion of the ship at sea may also have helped to create a first impression and hide any deficiencies in his gait, but biography is also described as being "rather than well-written", so galt may be guilty of a defect that was actually still] physical appearance edit reproduction of portrait of lord byron by thomas phillips byron's house in southwell, byron's adult height was 5 feet inches (1.74 m), his weight fluctuating between stone (133 lb; 60 kg) and 14 stone (200 lb; 89 kg). he was renowned for his personal beauty, which he enhanced by wearing in his hair at] he was athletic, being a competent boxer and and an excellent swimmer. he attended pugilistic tuition at the bond street rooms of former champion ‘gentleman’ john jackson, who byron called ‘the emperor of pugilism’ and recorded these sparring sessions in his letters and] byron and other writers, such as his friend, described his eating habits in detail. at the time he entered cambridge, he went on a strict diet to control his weight. he also exercised a great deal, and at that time wore a great number of clothes to cause himself to perspire. for most of his life he was a vegetarian, and often lived for days on dry biscuits and white wine. occasionally he would eat large helpings of meat and desserts, after which he would purge himself. although he is described by galt and others as having a predilection for "violent" exercise, suggests that the pain in his deformed foot made physical activity difficult, and his weight problem was the]
political career edit
byron first took his seat in the house of lords 13 march] but left london on 11 june 1809 for the] byron's association with the holland house whigs provided him with a discourse of liberty rooted in the glorious revolution of] a strong advocate of social reform, he received particular praise as one of the few parliamentary defenders of the luddites: specifically, he was against a death penalty for luddite "frame breakers" in, who destroyed textile machines that were putting them out of work. his first speech before the lords, on 27 february 1812, was loaded with sarcastic references to the "benefits" of automation, which he saw as producing inferior material as well as putting people out of work, and concluded the proposed law was only missing two things to be effective: "twelve butchers for a jury and a jeffries for a judge!". byron's speech was officially recorded and printed in] he said later that he "spoke very violent sentences with a sort of modest impudence", and thought he came across as "a bit] the full text of the speech, which he had previously written out, was presented to dallas in manuscript form and he quotes it in his] two months later, in conjunction with the other whigs, byron made another impassioned speech before the house of lords in support of catholic] byron expressed opposition to the established religion because it was unfair to people of other] these experiences inspired byron to write political poems such as song for the luddites (1816) and the landlords' interest, canto of the age of] examples of poems in which he attacked his political opponents include wellington: the best of the (1819); and the intellectual eunuch (1818).[134]
poetic works edit
parthenon marbles edit
legacy and influence edit
bibliography edit
see also edit
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ˈərli laɪf ˈɛdət ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ənd ˈərli ləvz ˈɛdət kərɪr ˈɛdət laɪf əˈbrɔd ˈɛdət ˈpərsɪnəl laɪf ˈɛdət hɛlθ ənd əˈpɪrəns ˈɛdət ˈbaɪrən, 1830 ˈkɛrɪktər ənd ˈsaɪki ˈɛdət aɪ æm səʧ ə streɪnʤ əv gʊd ənd ˈivəl ðət ɪt wʊd bi ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ dɪˈskraɪb ɛz ə bɔɪ, ˈbaɪrənz ˈkɛrɪktər ɪz dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz ə "ˈmɪksʧər əv əˈfɛkʃənət sˈwitnəs ənd ˈpleɪfəlnəs, baɪ wɪʧ ɪt wɑz ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl nɑt tɪ bi əˈtæʧt", ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi ˈɔlsoʊ ɪgˈzɪbətəd "ˈsaɪlənt ˈreɪʤɪz, ˈmudi ənd riˈvɛnʤ" wɪθ ə prɪˈkoʊʃəs bɛnt fər əˈtæʧmənt ənd ˈɛdət frəm bərθ, ˈbaɪrən ˈsəfərd frəm ə dɪˈfɔrməti əv hɪz raɪt fʊt. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt həz ˈʤɛnərəli bɪn rɪˈfərd tɪ ɛz ə "kləb fʊt", səm ˈmɑdərn ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈɔθərz meɪnˈteɪn ðət ɪt wɑz ə ˈkɑnsəkwəns əv ˈɪnfəntɪl pərˈælɪsɪs (poliomyelitis*), ənd ˈəðərz ðət ɪt wɑz ə ˌdɪˈspleɪʒə, ə ˈfeɪljər əv ðə boʊnz tɪ fɔrm ˌwəˈtɛvər ðə kɔz, hi wɑz əˈflɪktɪd wɪθ ə lɪmp ðət kɔzd ɪm ˈlaɪˈflɔŋ ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkəl ənd ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈmɪzəri, ˈægrəˌveɪtɪd baɪ ˈpeɪnfəl ənd ˈpɔɪntləs "ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈtritmənt" ɪn hɪz ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd ənd ðə ˈnægɪŋ səˈspɪʃən ðət wɪθ ˈprɑpər kɛr ɪt maɪt hæv bɪn hi wɑz ɪkˈstrimli ˌsɛlfˈkɑnʃəs əˈbaʊt ðɪs frəm ə jəŋ eɪʤ, hɪmˈsɛlf lə (frɛnʧ fər "ðə ˈlɪmpɪŋ ˈdɛvəl", ˈæftər ðə ˈnɪkˌneɪm ˈgɪvɪn tɪ ˌæzməˈdeɪəs baɪ alain-rené*é ˈlɛsɪʤ ɪn hɪz 1707 ˈnɑvəl əv ðə seɪm neɪm). ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi ˈɔfən wɔr ʃuz ɪn ən əˈtɛmpt tɪ haɪd ðə dɪˈfɔrmd hi rɪfˈjuzd tɪ wɛr ˈɛni taɪp əv breɪs ðət maɪt ˌɪmˈpruv ðə ˈskɑtɪʃ ˈnɑvələst ʤɑn gɔlt fɛlt hɪz ˌoʊvərsɛnsəˈtɪvɪti tɪ ðə "ˈɪnəsənt fɔlt ɪn hɪz fʊt wɑz ənd ɪkˈsɛsɪv" bɪˈkəz ðə lɪmp wɑz "nɑt ˈgreɪtli kənˈspɪkjuəs". hi fərst mɛt ˈbaɪrən ɔn ə vɔɪəʤ tɪ sɑrˈdiniə ənd dɪd nɑt ˈriəˌlaɪz hi hæd ˈɛni dɪˈfɪʃənsi fər ˈsɛvərəl deɪz, ənd stɪl kʊd nɑt tɛl æt fərst ɪf ðə wɑz ə ˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈɪnʤəri ər nɑt. æt ðə taɪm gɔlt mɛt ɪm hi wɑz ən ˈædəlt ənd hæd wərkt tɪ dɪˈvɛləp "ə moʊd əv ˈwɔkɪŋ əˈkrɔs ə rum baɪ wɪʧ ɪt wɑz ˈskɛrsli æt ɔl ðə ˈmoʊʃən əv ðə ʃɪp æt si meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ hæv hɛlpt tɪ kriˈeɪt ə fərst ˌɪmˈprɛʃən ənd haɪd ˈɛni dɪˈfɪʃənsiz ɪn hɪz geɪt, bət baɪˈɑgrəfi ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈskraɪbd ɛz biɪŋ "ˈrəðər ðən well-written*", soʊ gɔlt meɪ bi ˈgɪlti əv ə ˈdifɛkt ðət wɑz ˈæˌkʧuəli stɪl ˈfɪzɪkəl əˈpɪrəns ˈɛdət ˌriprəˈdəkʃən əv ˈpɔrtrət əv lɔrd ˈbaɪrən baɪ ˈtɑməs ˈfɪlɪps ˈbaɪrənz haʊs ɪn ˈsaʊθˌwɛl, ˈbaɪrənz ˈædəlt haɪt wɑz 5 fit ˈɪnʧɪz ɛm), hɪz weɪt ˈfləkʧəˌweɪtɪŋ bɪtˈwin stoʊn 133 paʊnd; 60 kg*) ənd 14 stoʊn 200 paʊnd; 89 kg*). hi wɑz rɪˈnaʊnd fər hɪz ˈpərsɪnəl ˈbjuti, wɪʧ hi ɛnˈhænst baɪ ˈwɛrɪŋ ɪn hɪz hɛr æt hi wɑz æθˈlɛtɪk, biɪŋ ə ˈkɑmpətɪnt ˈbɑksər ənd ənd ən ˈɛksələnt sˈwɪmər. hi əˈtɛndəd ˌpjuʤəˈlɪstɪk tjuˈɪʃən æt ðə bɑnd strit rumz əv ˈfɔrmər ˈʧæmpiən ‘‘gentleman’*’ ʤɑn ˈʤæksən, hu ˈbaɪrən kɔld ˈɛmpərər əv pugilism’*’ ənd rɪˈkɔrdɪd ðiz ˈspɑrɪŋ ˈsɛʃənz ɪn hɪz ˈlɛtərz ənd ˈbaɪrən ənd ˈəðər ˈraɪtərz, səʧ ɛz hɪz frɛnd, dɪˈskraɪbd hɪz ˈitɪŋ ˈhæbəts ɪn ˈditeɪl. æt ðə taɪm hi ˈɛnərd ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ, hi wɛnt ɔn ə strɪkt daɪət tɪ kənˈtroʊl hɪz weɪt. hi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛksərˌsaɪzd ə greɪt dil, ənd æt ðət taɪm wɔr ə greɪt ˈnəmbər əv kloʊðz tɪ kɔz hɪmˈsɛlf tɪ pərˈspaɪr. fər moʊst əv hɪz laɪf hi wɑz ə ˌvɛʤəˈtɛˌriən, ənd ˈɔfən lɪvd fər deɪz ɔn draɪ ˈbɪskəts ənd waɪt waɪn. ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli hi wʊd it lɑrʤ ˈhɛlpɪŋz əv mit ənd dɪˈzərts, ˈæftər wɪʧ hi wʊd pərʤ hɪmˈsɛlf. ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi ɪz dɪˈskraɪbd baɪ gɔlt ənd ˈəðərz ɛz ˈhævɪŋ ə ˌprɛdəˈlɛkʃən fər "ˈvaɪələnt" ˈɛksərˌsaɪz, səˈʤɛsts ðət ðə peɪn ɪn hɪz dɪˈfɔrmd fʊt meɪd ˈfɪzɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti ˈdɪfəkəlt, ənd hɪz weɪt ˈprɑbləm wɑz ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl kərɪr ˈɛdət ˈbaɪrən fərst tʊk hɪz sit ɪn ðə haʊs əv lɔrdz 13 mɑrʧ bət lɛft ˈləndən ɔn 11 ʤun 1809 fər ðə ˈbaɪrənz əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˈhɑlənd haʊs wɪgz prəˈvaɪdɪd ɪm wɪθ ə ˈdɪskɔrs əv ˈlɪbərˌti ˈrutɪd ɪn ðə ˈglɔriəs ˌrɛvəˈluʃən əv ə strɔŋ ˈædvəˌkeɪt əv ˈsoʊʃəl rɪˈfɔrm, hi rɪˈsivd ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr preɪz ɛz wən əv ðə fju ˌpɑrləˈmɛntəri dɪˈfɛndərz əv ðə ˈləˌdaɪts: spəˈsɪfɪkli, hi wɑz əˈgɛnst ə dɛθ ˈpɛnəlti fər ˈləˌdaɪt "freɪm ˈbreɪkərz" ɪn, hu dɪˈstrɔɪd ˈtɛkˌstaɪl məˈʃinz ðət wər ˈpʊtɪŋ ðɛm aʊt əv wərk. hɪz fərst spiʧ ˌbiˈfɔr ðə lɔrdz, ɔn 27 ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1812 wɑz ˈloʊdɪd wɪθ sɑrˈkæstɪk ˈrɛfərənsɪz tɪ ðə "ˈbɛnəfɪts" əv ɔtəˈmeɪʃən, wɪʧ hi sɔ ɛz prəˈdusɪŋ ˌɪnˈfɪriər məˈtɪriəl ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈpipəl aʊt əv wərk, ənd kənˈkludɪd ðə prəˈpoʊzd lɔ wɑz ˈoʊnli ˈmɪsɪŋ tu θɪŋz tɪ bi ˈifɛktɪv: "twɛlv ˈbʊʧərz fər ə ˈʤʊri ənd ə ˈʤɛfriz fər ə ʤəʤ!". ˈbaɪrənz spiʧ wɑz əˈfɪʃəli rɪˈkɔrdɪd ənd ˈprɪnɪd ɪn hi sɛd ˈleɪtər ðət hi "spoʊk ˈvɛri ˈvaɪələnt ˈsɛntənsɪz wɪθ ə sɔrt əv ˈmɑdəst impudence*", ənd θɔt hi keɪm əˈkrɔs ɛz "ə bɪt ðə fʊl tɛkst əv ðə spiʧ, wɪʧ hi hæd ˈpriviəsli ˈrɪtən aʊt, wɑz pərˈzɛnəd tɪ ˈdæləs ɪn ˈmænjəˌskrɪpt fɔrm ənd hi kwoʊts ɪt ɪn hɪz tu mənθs ˈleɪtər, ɪn kənˈʤəŋkʃən wɪθ ðə ˈəðər wɪgz, ˈbaɪrən meɪd əˈnəðər ˌɪmˈpæʃənd spiʧ ˌbiˈfɔr ðə haʊs əv lɔrdz ɪn səˈpɔrt əv ˈkæθlɪk ˈbaɪrən ɪkˈsprɛst ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə ɪˈstæblɪʃt rɪˈlɪʤən bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ˌɔnˈfɛr tɪ ˈpipəl əv ˈəðər ðiz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ˌɪnˈspaɪərd ˈbaɪrən tɪ raɪt pəˈlɪtɪkəl poʊəmz səʧ ɛz sɔŋ fər ðə ˈləˌdaɪts 1816 ənd ðə ˈlænˌdlɔrdz' ˈɪntəˌrɛst, ˈkæntoʊ əv ðə eɪʤ əv ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv poʊəmz ɪn wɪʧ hi əˈtækt hɪz pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈpoʊnənts ˌɪnˈklud ˈwɛlɪŋtən: ðə bɛst əv ðə 1819 ənd ðə ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəl ˈjunək poʊˈɛtɪk wərks ˈɛdət ˈpɑrθəˌnɑn ˈmɑrbəlz ˈɛdət ˈlɛgəsi ənd ˈɪnfluəns ˈɛdət ˌbɪbliˈɑgrəfi ˈɛdət si ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛdət ˈrɛfərənsɪz ˈɛdət
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the attorney general took issue thursday with a bill that would redefine the way the police department seizes cars related to certain crimes, holds them and sells them for profit.
attorney general irvin b. nathan told a d.c. council committee considering a change to the civil asset forfeiture laws that proposed legislation could endanger millions of dollars in profits the police department receives through the federal forfeiture program.
but the idea that police could be motivated to seize and sell vehicles disturbed the council member overseeing the hearing.
“financial incentive is the one thing that gives people a little bit of heartburn,” said d.c. council member tommy wells, ward 6 democrat and chairman of the committee on the judiciary and public safety.
over the past five years, mr. nathan said the metropolitan police department has received more than $3.3 million through federal asset forfeiture money paid by the federal government to local agencies for assistance in federal forfeiture cases. a separate analysis by the institute for justice indicates that from 2000 through 2012, the proceeds reaped from that federal sharing program totaled $8.2 million.
that money would be in jeopardy if the council passes a bill proposed by council member mary m. cheh, ward 3 democrat, that would dictate forfeiture proceeds be deposited in the general fund. federal law requires forfeiture funds be used solely by law enforcement.
“this threatens to conflict with federal law and policy as applied to the many cases when the u.s. office brings forfeiture claims in d.c. courts and would be costly to the district,” mr. nathan said.
referencing laws passed in oregon and utah, where federal forfeiture proceeds were directed to be spent on enforcement expenses, mr. nathan said the federal government stopped sharing proceeds as a result. he feared the same could happen in the district.
funds the district has collected through its own forfeiture proceedings would not be at risk. the institute of justice estimates the district collected nearly $4.8 million from 2010 to 2012. about $2.5 million of that came from the value of vehicles and $2.2 million from currency that was forfeited.
the civil asset forfeiture process as a whole has come under scrutiny after a series of lawsuits filed by the public defender service on behalf of hundreds of vehicle owners who have had their property seized and say they have no fair way to challenge the seizures.
mr. nathan conceded that, under the current system, vehicle owners are not always being afforded due process, but he criticized the proposed council bill, saying it was overbroad.
“that is the goal, as i read it, of the draftees is to eliminate forfeitures and that is a mistake,” he said.
instead, he submitted his own draft legislation to the committee, which for the first time would establish firm timelines to address the delay vehicle owners now face when they try to reclaim seized property.
under the current system, vehicle owners must pay a bond often 10 percent of the value of the vehicle just to request a hearing to challenge the police seizure of the car. but there is no time frame for a hearing to be held, and vehicle owners often wait months without results.
mr. proposal would grant vehicle owners a preliminary hearing before an administrative law judge. the hearing would not require a bond. hearings would be held within 7 to 12 business days of a request being made, and judges would have five days to issue a decision.
police also revealed at the hearing that the department recently took one step to shorten the potential wait time for owners hoping to reunite with their seized vehicles.
beginning tuesday, a policy took effect that requires property clerks to review cases in which cars were seized after 10 days rather than 60 days to determine if they are still going to pursue forfeiture in those cases.
police are also the types of cases in which vehicles are being seized.
“beyond tightening the number of vehicles we are taking in, we have greater scrutiny by officials particularly the asset forfeiture unit,” assistant chief patrick burke said.
note: a previous version of this story incorrectly stated that a bond would be required for an administrative hearing. the error has been corrected.
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ðə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl tʊk ˈɪʃu ˈθərzˌdeɪ wɪθ ə bɪl ðət wʊd ridɪˈfaɪn ðə weɪ ðə pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈsizɪz kɑz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈsərtən kraɪmz, hoʊldz ðɛm ənd sɛlz ðɛm fər ˈprɑfɪt. əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ˈərvɪn bi. ˈneɪθən toʊld ə d.c*. ˈkaʊnsəl kəˈmɪti kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ə ʧeɪnʤ tɪ ðə ˈsɪvəl ˈæˌsɛt ˈfɔrfəʧər lɔz ðət prəˈpoʊzd ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən kʊd ɛnˈdeɪnʤər ˈmɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz ɪn ˈprɑfɪts ðə pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt rɪˈsivz θru ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈfɔrfəʧər ˈproʊˌgræm. bət ðə aɪˈdiə ðət pəˈlis kʊd bi ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd tɪ siz ənd sɛl ˈviɪkəlz dɪˈstərbd ðə ˈkaʊnsəl ˈmɛmbər ˈoʊvərˌsiɪŋ ðə ˈhirɪŋ. ˌɪnˈsɛnɪv ɪz ðə wən θɪŋ ðət gɪvz ˈpipəl ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt əv heartburn,”*,” sɛd d.c*. ˈkaʊnsəl ˈmɛmbər ˈtɑmi wɛlz, wɔrd 6 ˈdɛməˌkræt ənd ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə kəˈmɪti ɔn ðə ʤuˈdɪʃiˌɛri ənd ˈpəblɪk ˈseɪfti. ˈoʊvər ðə pæst faɪv jɪrz, ˈmɪstər. ˈneɪθən sɛd ðə ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt həz rɪˈsivd mɔr ðən ˈmɪljən θru ˈfɛdərəl ˈæˌsɛt ˈfɔrfəʧər ˈməni peɪd baɪ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ ˈloʊkəl ˈeɪʤənsiz fər əˈsɪstəns ɪn ˈfɛdərəl ˈfɔrfəʧər ˈkeɪsɪz. ə ˈsɛpərˌeɪt æˈnælɪsɪs baɪ ðə ˈɪnstɪˌtut fər ˈʤəstɪs ˈɪndɪˌkeɪts ðət frəm 2000 θru 2012 ðə prəˈsidz ript frəm ðət ˈfɛdərəl ˈʃɛrɪŋ ˈproʊˌgræm ˈtoʊtəld ˈmɪljən. ðət ˈməni wʊd bi ɪn ˈʤɛpərdi ɪf ðə ˈkaʊnsəl ˈpæsɪz ə bɪl prəˈpoʊzd baɪ ˈkaʊnsəl ˈmɛmbər ˈmɛri ɛm. cheh*, wɔrd 3 ˈdɛməˌkræt, ðət wʊd ˈdɪkˌteɪt ˈfɔrfəʧər prəˈsidz bi dɪˈpɑzətəd ɪn ðə ˈʤɛnərəl fənd. ˈfɛdərəl lɔ rikˈwaɪərz ˈfɔrfəʧər fəndz bi juzd ˈsoʊəli baɪ lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt. θˈrɛtənz tɪ ˈkɑnflɪkt wɪθ ˈfɛdərəl lɔ ənd ˈpɑləsi ɛz əˈplaɪd tɪ ðə ˈmɛni ˈkeɪsɪz wɪn ðə juz. ˈɔfəs brɪŋz ˈfɔrfəʧər kleɪmz ɪn d.c*. kɔrts ənd wʊd bi ˈkɔstli tɪ ðə district,”*,” ˈmɪstər. ˈneɪθən sɛd. ˈrɛfərənsɪŋ lɔz pæst ɪn ˈɔrəˌgɑn ənd ˈjuˌtɔ, wɛr ˈfɛdərəl ˈfɔrfəʧər prəˈsidz wər dɪˈrɛktɪd tɪ bi spɛnt ɔn ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ɪkˈspɛnsɪz, ˈmɪstər. ˈneɪθən sɛd ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt stɑpt ˈʃɛrɪŋ prəˈsidz ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt. hi fɪrd ðə seɪm kʊd ˈhæpən ɪn ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt. fəndz ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt həz kəˈlɛktəd θru ɪts oʊn ˈfɔrfəʧər prəˈsidɪŋz wʊd nɑt bi æt rɪsk. ðə ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv ˈʤəstɪs ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt kəˈlɛktəd ˈnɪrli ˈmɪljən frəm 2010 tɪ 2012 əˈbaʊt ˈmɪljən əv ðət keɪm frəm ðə ˈvælju əv ˈviɪkəlz ənd ˈmɪljən frəm ˈkərənsi ðət wɑz ˈfɔrfɪtɪd. ðə ˈsɪvəl ˈæˌsɛt ˈfɔrfəʧər ˈprɔˌsɛs ɛz ə hoʊl həz kəm ˈəndər ˈskrutəni ˈæftər ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈlɔˌsuts faɪld baɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk dɪˈfɛndər ˈsərvɪs ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ˈhənərdz əv ˈviɪkəl ˈoʊnərz hu hæv hæd ðɛr ˈprɑpərti sizd ənd seɪ ðeɪ hæv noʊ fɛr weɪ tɪ ˈʧælənʤ ðə ˈsiʒərz. ˈmɪstər. ˈneɪθən kənˈsidɪd ðət, ˈəndər ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈsɪstəm, ˈviɪkəl ˈoʊnərz ər nɑt ˈɔlˌweɪz biɪŋ əˈfɔrdəd du ˈprɔˌsɛs, bət hi ˈkrɪtəˌsaɪzd ðə prəˈpoʊzd ˈkaʊnsəl bɪl, seɪɪŋ ɪt wɑz overbroad*. ɪz ðə goʊl, ɛz aɪ rɛd ɪt, əv ðə ˈdræfˈtiz ɪz tɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ˈfɔrfəʧərz ənd ðət ɪz ə mistake,”*,” hi sɛd. ˌɪnˈstɛd, hi səbˈmɪtəd hɪz oʊn dræft ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən tɪ ðə kəˈmɪti, wɪʧ fər ðə fərst taɪm wʊd ɪˈstæblɪʃ fərm ˈtaɪmlaɪnz tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ðə dɪˈleɪ ˈviɪkəl ˈoʊnərz naʊ feɪs wɪn ðeɪ traɪ tɪ riˈkleɪm sizd ˈprɑpərti. ˈəndər ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈsɪstəm, ˈviɪkəl ˈoʊnərz məst peɪ ə bɑnd ˈɔfən 10 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈvælju əv ðə ˈviɪkəl ʤɪst tɪ rɪkˈwɛst ə ˈhirɪŋ tɪ ˈʧælənʤ ðə pəˈlis ˈsiʒər əv ðə kɑr. bət ðɛr ɪz noʊ taɪm freɪm fər ə ˈhirɪŋ tɪ bi hɛld, ənd ˈviɪkəl ˈoʊnərz ˈɔfən weɪt mənθs wɪˈθaʊt rɪˈzəlts. ˈmɪstər. prəˈpoʊzəl wʊd grænt ˈviɪkəl ˈoʊnərz ə prɪˈlɪməˌnɛri ˈhirɪŋ ˌbiˈfɔr ən ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv lɔ ʤəʤ. ðə ˈhirɪŋ wʊd nɑt ˌrikˈwaɪər ə bɑnd. ˈhirɪŋz wʊd bi hɛld wɪˈθɪn 7 tɪ 12 ˈbɪznɪs deɪz əv ə rɪkˈwɛst biɪŋ meɪd, ənd ˈʤəʤɪz wʊd hæv faɪv deɪz tɪ ˈɪʃu ə dɪˈsɪʒən. pəˈlis ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈvild æt ðə ˈhirɪŋ ðət ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈrisəntli tʊk wən stɛp tɪ ˈʃɔrtən ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl weɪt taɪm fər ˈoʊnərz ˈhoʊpɪŋ tɪ ˌriuˈnaɪt wɪθ ðɛr sizd ˈviɪkəlz. bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ˈtuzˌdeɪ, ə ˈpɑləsi tʊk ˈifɛkt ðət rikˈwaɪərz ˈprɑpərti klərks tɪ ˌrivˈju ˈkeɪsɪz ɪn wɪʧ kɑz wər sizd ˈæftər 10 deɪz ˈrəðər ðən 60 deɪz tɪ dɪˈtərmən ɪf ðeɪ ər stɪl goʊɪŋ tɪ pərˈsu ˈfɔrfəʧər ɪn ðoʊz ˈkeɪsɪz. pəˈlis ər ˈɔlsoʊ ðə taɪps əv ˈkeɪsɪz ɪn wɪʧ ˈviɪkəlz ər biɪŋ sizd. ˈtaɪtənɪŋ ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈviɪkəlz wi ər ˈteɪkɪŋ ɪn, wi hæv ˈgreɪtər ˈskrutəni baɪ əˈfɪʃəlz ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ðə ˈæˌsɛt ˈfɔrfəʧər unit,”*,” əˈsɪstənt ʧif ˈpætrɪk bərk sɛd. noʊt: ə ˈpriviəs ˈvərʒən əv ðɪs ˈstɔri ˌɪnkərˈɛktli ˈsteɪtɪd ðət ə bɑnd wʊd bi rikˈwaɪərd fər ən ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv ˈhirɪŋ. ðə ˈɛrər həz bɪn kərˈɛktɪd. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt 2019 ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən taɪmz, llc*. klɪk hir fər riˈprɪnt pərˈmɪʃən.
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a brand new update for google maps just started rolling out last night and it's definitely a big one. perhaps the most important detail is that this is the first on the android n developer previews. the timeline screen has also gone through a partial redesign and gained a couple of new tricks. however, the really interesting things are coming in the. in fact, there's so much stuff that the portion is going to be split into a second part. let's get to the good stuff.
note: according to a post on the issue tracker, this could be a beta release. however, it seems to be rolling out to users on the stable channel. it probably doesn't matter, but it may be possible some users won't receive this update through regular rollouts. i've included "beta" in the title so readers are aware of this.
what's new
official changelog: (posted july 6) add multiple destinations to your route, get directions and navigate
search for places along your route when getting directions
add notes to your days in your timeline to keep track of the memories you make on the go unofficial changelog: (stuff we found) on android n developer preview fixes android auto on and includes android wear app
visual changes to timeline screen with title and notes section
installable on android n developer preview
if you've been living on the bleeding edge with developer previews, you may have felt a bit left out as updates to various core apps have come and gone for everybody else while you're stuck on versions that seem inexplicably outdated despite a higher version number. in fact, you actually have been running older versions. google repackaged older stable versions of some apps and gave them high version codes to ensure that they weren't replaced by updates from the play store. this release brings a higher version code and allows for it to be installed on and below. we'll have to wait for to come out before we know if google is going to lock in the version again. there are a couple of important implications from this update, which leads us to...
the maps app is back on android wear
this actually resolves a point of confusion for many users: the missing android wear app. one of the details about the repackaged apps on developer previews is that they lack the that should be installed on wear devices. i'm not sure if there's an official reason for leaving them out, but they aren't there and that means your watch will be missing quite a few standard features. this release restores the wear micro app to its rightful place.
fixes android auto on developer preview 4
as it turns out, the maps app included with developer preview 4 did not get along with android auto. users quickly discovered that maps automatically crashed anytime it was launched in auto. this version has been confirmed to fix that issue and restore on auto to full working order. i've got a feeling this is the reason we're getting a version that can install on n right now, so even if you don't have (or use) android auto, you've probably got it to thank for an update. thanks, christian simpson
timeline gets a facelift
left: previous version. right: latest version.
the most notable changes for this release can be seen in the timeline view. in fact, the changes are almost entirely limited to the title bar, which has grown much taller and includes a couple new parts. the has been removed entirely, but the calendar next to its left has been moved to the right side. it still functions the same way, so this is mostly a cosmetic adjustment. the date and day of the week have also been removed from the first row below the mini map. it also looks like the mini map might show more business icons than it used to.
there's a new edit button (the pen icon) that opens a screen where a title and note can be added. tapping on the big date text above the mini map will also open this screen. if something is filled in here, it causes the date to shrink in the timeline screen while the title and note are filled in. this allows you to put some context to your trips, perhaps to document a delivery route or remind you of a particular day during vacation.
we're still looking around for some other changes, so let us know in the comments if anything else turns up. the big news for this update is in the, so let's get straight to part 1.
teardown
disclaimer:s are based on evidence found inside of application package) and are necessarily speculative and usually based on incomplete information. it's possible that the guesses made here are totally and completely wrong. even when predictions are correct, there is always a chance that plans could change or may be canceled entirely. much like rumors, nothing is certain until it's officially announced and released. disclaimer:s are based on evidence found inside of application package) and are necessarily speculative and usually based on incomplete information. it's possible that the guesses made here are totally and completely wrong. even when predictions are correct, there is always a chance that plans could change or may be canceled entirely. much like rumors, nothing is certain until it's officially announced and released. the features discussed below are probably not live yet, or may only be live for a small percentage of users. unless stated otherwise, don't expect to see these features if you install the.
sd cards + offline maps
it has been one of the hottest requests since offline navigation and search were added to not it's finally happening. google is going to add support for storing offline maps on cards. this will give users the ability to free up some internal storage by moving those large data files where they won't be in the way.
the strings related to storing offline maps on an card are mostly uninteresting, so there's not much to read into here. in fact, most of them are just copies of existing strings, but with card" in place of other words. however, one warning message does point out a potentially annoying issue for some: switching your storage location requires a total of your offline maps. for some reason they can't be moved from one local storage to another. this probably won't be a huge issue since most people will only have to make the switch to an card once, but even that one switch could be a problem for people with no access to wi-fi and very restricted cellular data.
strings <string do you want to store your offline areas?</string>
<string offline areas are unavailable. insert the card you used to store them.</string>
<string find card"</string>
<string find card. insert the card you used to store offline areas."</string>
<string this setting will delete any existing offline areas and them to the new storage location.</string>
<string (%,d available)</string>
<string name="offline_maps_settings_storage_settings_phone_title">device</string>
<string card (%,d available)</string>
<string card</string>
<string preferences</string>
<string have over %,d available on your card.</string>
<string have over %,d free space on your card.</string>
<string can store information so searches and directions are faster, with good connections or bad. this will use up to %1$d of your %2$d available free space on your card.</string>
<string name="offline_select_area_size_string_landscape_sd" may take up to %,d. (you have over %,d available on your card.)</string>
<string name="offline_select_india_area_size_string_landscape_sd"ing areas of india may take up to %,d of your %,d free space on your card, and it happens over wi-fi.</string>
<string name="offline_select_indonesia_area_size_string_landscape_sd"ing areas of indonesia may take up to %,d of your %,d free space on your card, and it happens over wi-fi.</string>
there's no doubt that this will be a welcome feature, especially for people with android one phones or any device that lacks adoptable storage feature.
my only real question is whether or not this will be strictly limited to cards or if it can also be used with drives. since many phones (*cough* nexus *cough*) lack an slot, the reach for offline maps is a little limited. but it could be the perfect use case for very small external drives. after all, when you're driving down city streets with your phone locked into a dash mount, you're not going to care about having a little drive poking out to the side.
download
the is signed by google and upgrades your existing app. the signature guarantees that the file is safe to install and was not tampered with in any way. rather than wait for google to push this download to your devices, which can take days, download and install it just like any other.
version:
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ə brænd nu ˈəpˌdeɪt fər ˈgugəl mæps ʤɪst ˈstɑrtɪd ˈroʊlɪŋ aʊt læst naɪt ənd ɪts ˈdɛfənətli ə bɪg wən. pərˈhæps ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈditeɪl ɪz ðət ðɪs ɪz ðə fərst ɔn ðə ˈænˌdrɔɪd ɛn dɪˈvɛləpər ˈprivˌjuz. ðə ˈtaɪmlaɪn skrin həz ˈɔlsoʊ gɔn θru ə ˈpɑrʃəl ˌridɪˈzaɪn ənd geɪnd ə ˈkəpəl əv nu trɪks. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈrɪli ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ θɪŋz ər ˈkəmɪŋ ɪn ðə. ɪn fækt, ðɛrz soʊ məʧ stəf ðət ðə ˈpɔrʃən ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi splɪt ˈɪntu ə ˈsɛkənd pɑrt. lɛts gɪt tɪ ðə gʊd stəf. noʊt: əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə poʊst ɔn ðə ˈɪʃu ˈtrækər, ðɪs kʊd bi ə ˈbeɪtə riˈlis. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt simz tɪ bi ˈroʊlɪŋ aʊt tɪ ˈjuzərz ɔn ðə ˈsteɪbəl ˈʧænəl. ɪt ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈdəzənt ˈmætər, bət ɪt meɪ bi ˈpɑsəbəl səm ˈjuzərz woʊnt rɪˈsiv ðɪs ˈəpˌdeɪt θru ˈrɛgjələr rollouts*. aɪv ˌɪnˈkludɪd "ˈbeɪtə" ɪn ðə ˈtaɪtəl soʊ ˈridərz ər əˈwɛr əv ðɪs. wəts nu əˈfɪʃəl changelog*: (ˈpoʊstɪd ˌʤuˈlaɪ 6 æd ˈməltəpəl ˌdɛstəˈneɪʃənz tɪ jʊr rut, gɪt dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz ənd ˈnævəˌgeɪt sərʧ fər ˈpleɪsɪz əˈlɔŋ jʊr rut wɪn ˈgɪtɪŋ dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz æd noʊts tɪ jʊr deɪz ɪn jʊr ˈtaɪmlaɪn tɪ kip træk əv ðə ˈmɛməriz ju meɪk ɔn ðə goʊ ˌənəˈfɪʃəl changelog*: (stəf wi faʊnd) ɔn ˈænˌdrɔɪd ɛn dɪˈvɛləpər ˈprivˌju ˈfɪksɪz ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈɔtoʊ ɔn ənd ˌɪnˈkludz ˈænˌdrɔɪd wɛr æp ˈvɪʒəwəl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ˈtaɪmlaɪn skrin wɪθ ˈtaɪtəl ənd noʊts ˈsɛkʃən ɔn ˈænˌdrɔɪd ɛn dɪˈvɛləpər ˈprivˌju ɪf juv bɪn ˈlɪvɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈblidɪŋ ɛʤ wɪθ dɪˈvɛləpər ˈprivˌjuz, ju meɪ hæv fɛlt ə bɪt lɛft aʊt ɛz ˈəpˌdeɪts tɪ ˈvɛriəs kɔr æps hæv kəm ənd gɔn fər ˈɛvriˌbɑdi ɛls waɪl jʊr stək ɔn ˈvərʒənz ðət sim ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbli ˈaʊtˌdeɪtɪd dɪˈspaɪt ə haɪər ˈvərʒən ˈnəmbər. ɪn fækt, ju ˈæˌkʧuəli hæv bɪn ˈrənɪŋ ˈoʊldər ˈvərʒənz. ˈgugəl ˈripækɪʤd ˈoʊldər ˈsteɪbəl ˈvərʒənz əv səm æps ənd geɪv ðɛm haɪ ˈvərʒən koʊdz tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ðeɪ wərənt ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ˈəpˌdeɪts frəm ðə pleɪ stɔr. ðɪs riˈlis brɪŋz ə haɪər ˈvərʒən koʊd ənd əˈlaʊz fər ɪt tɪ bi ˌɪnˈstɔld ɔn ənd bɪˈloʊ. wɪl hæv tɪ weɪt fər tɪ kəm aʊt ˌbiˈfɔr wi noʊ ɪf ˈgugəl ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ lɑk ɪn ðə ˈvərʒən əˈgɛn. ðɛr ər ə ˈkəpəl əv ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃənz frəm ðɪs ˈəpˌdeɪt, wɪʧ lidz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ... ðə mæps æp ɪz bæk ɔn ˈænˌdrɔɪd wɛr ðɪs ˈæˌkʧuəli riˈzɑlvz ə pɔɪnt əv kənfˈjuʒən fər ˈmɛni ˈjuzərz: ðə ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈænˌdrɔɪd wɛr æp. wən əv ðə ˈditeɪlz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈripækɪʤd æps ɔn dɪˈvɛləpər ˈprivˌjuz ɪz ðət ðeɪ læk ðə ðət ʃʊd bi ˌɪnˈstɔld ɔn wɛr dɪˈvaɪsɪz. əm nɑt ʃʊr ɪf ðɛrz ən əˈfɪʃəl ˈrizən fər ˈlivɪŋ ðɛm aʊt, bət ðeɪ ˈɑrənt ðɛr ənd ðət minz jʊr wɔʧ wɪl bi ˈmɪsɪŋ kwaɪt ə fju ˈstændərd ˈfiʧərz. ðɪs riˈlis rɪˈstɔrz ðə wɛr ˈmaɪˌkroʊ æp tɪ ɪts ˈraɪtfəl pleɪs. ˈfɪksɪz ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈɔtoʊ ɔn dɪˈvɛləpər ˈprivˌju 4 ɛz ɪt tərnz aʊt, ðə mæps æp ˌɪnˈkludɪd wɪθ dɪˈvɛləpər ˈprivˌju 4 dɪd nɑt gɪt əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈɔtoʊ. ˈjuzərz kˈwɪkli dɪˈskəvərd ðət mæps ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli kræʃt ˈɛniˌtaɪm ɪt wɑz lɔnʧt ɪn ˈɔtoʊ. ðɪs ˈvərʒən həz bɪn kənˈfərmd tɪ fɪks ðət ˈɪʃu ənd rɪˈstɔr ɔn ˈɔtoʊ tɪ fʊl ˈwərkɪŋ ˈɔrdər. aɪv gɑt ə ˈfilɪŋ ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈrizən wɪr ˈgɪtɪŋ ə ˈvərʒən ðət kən ˌɪnˈstɔl ɔn ɛn raɪt naʊ, soʊ ˈivɪn ɪf ju doʊnt hæv (ər juz) ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈɔtoʊ, juv ˈprɑbəˌbli gɑt ɪt tɪ θæŋk fər ən ˈəpˌdeɪt. θæŋks, ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˈsɪmpsən ˈtaɪmlaɪn gɪts ə ˈfeɪsˌlɪft lɛft: ˈpriviəs ˈvərʒən. raɪt: ˈleɪtəst ˈvərʒən. ðə moʊst ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz fər ðɪs riˈlis kən bi sin ɪn ðə ˈtaɪmlaɪn vju. ɪn fækt, ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈlɪmɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈtaɪtəl bɑr, wɪʧ həz groʊn məʧ ˈtɔlər ənd ˌɪnˈkludz ə ˈkəpəl nu pɑrts. ðə həz bɪn riˈmuvd ɪnˈtaɪərli, bət ðə ˈkæləndər nɛkst tɪ ɪts lɛft həz bɪn muvd tɪ ðə raɪt saɪd. ɪt stɪl ˈfəŋkʃənz ðə seɪm weɪ, soʊ ðɪs ɪz ˈmoʊstli ə kɑzˈmɛtɪk əˈʤəstmənt. ðə deɪt ənd deɪ əv ðə wik hæv ˈɔlsoʊ bɪn riˈmuvd frəm ðə fərst roʊ bɪˈloʊ ðə ˈmɪni mæp. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ lʊks laɪk ðə ˈmɪni mæp maɪt ʃoʊ mɔr ˈbɪznɪs ˈaɪˌkɑnz ðən ɪt juzd tɪ. ðɛrz ə nu ˈɛdət ˈbətən (ðə pɛn ˈaɪkɑn) ðət ˈoʊpənz ə skrin wɛr ə ˈtaɪtəl ənd noʊt kən bi ˈædɪd. ˈtæpɪŋ ɔn ðə bɪg deɪt tɛkst əˈbəv ðə ˈmɪni mæp wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ˈoʊpən ðɪs skrin. ɪf ˈsəmθɪŋ ɪz fɪld ɪn hir, ɪt ˈkɔzɪz ðə deɪt tɪ ʃrɪŋk ɪn ðə ˈtaɪmlaɪn skrin waɪl ðə ˈtaɪtəl ənd noʊt ər fɪld ɪn. ðɪs əˈlaʊz ju tɪ pʊt səm ˈkɑntɛkst tɪ jʊr trɪps, pərˈhæps tɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ə dɪˈlɪvəri rut ər riˈmaɪnd ju əv ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr deɪ ˈdʊrɪŋ veɪˈkeɪʃən. wɪr stɪl ˈlʊkɪŋ əraʊnd fər səm ˈəðər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz, soʊ lɛt ˈjuˈɛs noʊ ɪn ðə ˈkɑmɛnts ɪf ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɛls tərnz əp. ðə bɪg nuz fər ðɪs ˈəpˌdeɪt ɪz ɪn ðə, soʊ lɛts gɪt streɪt tɪ pɑrt 1 dɪˈskleɪmər: ər beɪst ɔn ˈɛvədəns faʊnd ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ˈpækɪʤ) ənd ər ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ˈspɛkjələtɪv ənd ˈjuʒəwəli beɪst ɔn ˌɪnkəmˈplit ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ɪts ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ðə ˈgɛsɪz meɪd hir ər ˈtoʊtəli ənd kəmˈplitli rɔŋ. ˈivɪn wɪn priˈdɪkʃənz ər kərˈɛkt, ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ə ʧæns ðət plænz kʊd ʧeɪnʤ ər meɪ bi ˈkænsəld ɪnˈtaɪərli. məʧ laɪk ˈrumərz, ˈnəθɪŋ ɪz ˈsərtən ənˈtɪl ɪts əˈfɪʃəli əˈnaʊnst ənd riˈlist. dɪˈskleɪmər: ər beɪst ɔn ˈɛvədəns faʊnd ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ˈpækɪʤ) ənd ər ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ˈspɛkjələtɪv ənd ˈjuʒəwəli beɪst ɔn ˌɪnkəmˈplit ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ɪts ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ðə ˈgɛsɪz meɪd hir ər ˈtoʊtəli ənd kəmˈplitli rɔŋ. ˈivɪn wɪn priˈdɪkʃənz ər kərˈɛkt, ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ə ʧæns ðət plænz kʊd ʧeɪnʤ ər meɪ bi ˈkænsəld ɪnˈtaɪərli. məʧ laɪk ˈrumərz, ˈnəθɪŋ ɪz ˈsərtən ənˈtɪl ɪts əˈfɪʃəli əˈnaʊnst ənd riˈlist. ðə ˈfiʧərz dɪˈskəst bɪˈloʊ ər ˈprɑbəˌbli nɑt lɪv jɛt, ər meɪ ˈoʊnli bi lɪv fər ə smɔl pərˈsɛnɪʤ əv ˈjuzərz. ənˈlɛs ˈsteɪtɪd ˈəðərˌwaɪz, doʊnt ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ si ðiz ˈfiʧərz ɪf ju ˌɪnˈstɔl ðə. kɑrdz ˈɔˌflaɪn mæps ɪt həz bɪn wən əv ðə ˈhɑtəst rɪkˈwɛsts sɪns ˈɔˌflaɪn ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən ənd sərʧ wər ˈædɪd tɪ nɑt ɪts ˈfaɪnəli ˈhæpənɪŋ. ˈgugəl ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ æd səˈpɔrt fər ˈstɔrɪŋ ˈɔˌflaɪn mæps ɔn kɑrdz. ðɪs wɪl gɪv ˈjuzərz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ fri əp səm ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈstɔrɪʤ baɪ ˈmuvɪŋ ðoʊz lɑrʤ ˈdætə faɪlz wɛr ðeɪ woʊnt bi ɪn ðə weɪ. ðə strɪŋz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈstɔrɪŋ ˈɔˌflaɪn mæps ɔn ən kɑrd ər ˈmoʊstli əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ, soʊ ðɛrz nɑt məʧ tɪ rɛd ˈɪntu hir. ɪn fækt, moʊst əv ðɛm ər ʤɪst ˈkɑpiz əv ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ strɪŋz, bət wɪθ kɑrd" ɪn pleɪs əv ˈəðər wərdz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wən ˈwɔrnɪŋ ˈmɛsɪʤ dɪz pɔɪnt aʊt ə pəˈtɛnʃəli əˈnɔɪɪŋ ˈɪʃu fər səm: sˈwɪʧɪŋ jʊr ˈstɔrɪʤ loʊˈkeɪʃən rikˈwaɪərz ə ˈtoʊtəl əv jʊr ˈɔˌflaɪn mæps. fər səm ˈrizən ðeɪ kænt bi muvd frəm wən ˈloʊkəl ˈstɔrɪʤ tɪ əˈnəðər. ðɪs ˈprɑbəˌbli woʊnt bi ə juʤ ˈɪʃu sɪns moʊst ˈpipəl wɪl ˈoʊnli hæv tɪ meɪk ðə swɪʧ tɪ ən kɑrd wəns, bət ˈivɪn ðət wən swɪʧ kʊd bi ə ˈprɑbləm fər ˈpipəl wɪθ noʊ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈwaɪˌfaɪ ənd ˈvɛri riˈstrɪktɪd ˈsɛljələr ˈdætə. strɪŋz <strɪŋ du ju wɔnt tɪ stɔr jʊr ˈɔˌflaɪn areas?</string*> <strɪŋ ˈɔˌflaɪn ˈɛriəz ər ˌənəˈveɪləbəl. ˌɪnˈsərt ðə kɑrd ju juzd tɪ stɔr them.</string*> <strɪŋ faɪnd card"</string*> <strɪŋ faɪnd kɑrd. ˌɪnˈsərt ðə kɑrd ju juzd tɪ stɔr ˈɔˌflaɪn areas."</string*> <strɪŋ ðɪs ˈsɛtɪŋ wɪl dɪˈlit ˈɛni ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈɔˌflaɪn ˈɛriəz ənd ðɛm tɪ ðə nu ˈstɔrɪʤ location.</string*> <strɪŋ (%,di available)</string*> <strɪŋ name="offline_maps_settings_storage_settings_phone_title">device</string*> <strɪŋ kɑrd (%,di available)</string*> <strɪŋ card</string*> <strɪŋ preferences</string*> <strɪŋ hæv ˈoʊvər %,di əˈveɪləbəl ɔn jʊr card.</string*> <strɪŋ hæv ˈoʊvər %,di fri speɪs ɔn jʊr card.</string*> <strɪŋ kən stɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən soʊ ˈsərʧɪz ənd dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz ər ˈfæstər, wɪθ gʊd kəˈnɛkʃənz ər bæd. ðɪs wɪl juz əp tɪ əv jʊr əˈveɪləbəl fri speɪs ɔn jʊr card.</string*> <strɪŋ name="offline_select_area_size_string_landscape_sd*" meɪ teɪk əp tɪ %,di. (ju hæv ˈoʊvər %,di əˈveɪləbəl ɔn jʊr card.)</string*> <strɪŋ name="offline_select_india_area_size_string_landscape_sd*" ˈɛriəz əv ˈɪndiə meɪ teɪk əp tɪ %,di əv jʊr %,di fri speɪs ɔn jʊr kɑrd, ənd ɪt ˈhæpənz ˈoʊvər wi-fi.</string*> <strɪŋ name="offline_select_indonesia_area_size_string_landscape_sd*" ˈɛriəz əv ˌɪndoʊˈniʒə meɪ teɪk əp tɪ %,di əv jʊr %,di fri speɪs ɔn jʊr kɑrd, ənd ɪt ˈhæpənz ˈoʊvər wi-fi.</string*> ðɛrz noʊ daʊt ðət ðɪs wɪl bi ə ˈwɛlkəm ˈfiʧər, əˈspɛʃəli fər ˈpipəl wɪθ ˈænˌdrɔɪd wən foʊnz ər ˈɛni dɪˈvaɪs ðət læks əˈdɑptəbəl ˈstɔrɪʤ ˈfiʧər. maɪ ˈoʊnli ril kˈwɛʃən ɪz ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ðɪs wɪl bi ˈstrɪktli ˈlɪmɪtɪd tɪ kɑrdz ər ɪf ɪt kən ˈɔlsoʊ bi juzd wɪθ draɪvz. sɪns ˈmɛni foʊnz ˈnɛksəs *kɔf*) læk ən slɑt, ðə riʧ fər ˈɔˌflaɪn mæps ɪz ə ˈlɪtəl ˈlɪmɪtɪd. bət ɪt kʊd bi ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt juz keɪs fər ˈvɛri smɔl ɪkˈstərnəl draɪvz. ˈæftər ɔl, wɪn jʊr ˈdraɪvɪŋ daʊn ˈsɪti strits wɪθ jʊr foʊn lɑkt ˈɪntu ə dæʃ maʊnt, jʊr nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ kɛr əˈbaʊt ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl draɪv ˈpoʊkɪŋ aʊt tɪ ðə saɪd. ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ðə ɪz saɪnd baɪ ˈgugəl ənd ˈəpˌgreɪdz jʊr ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ æp. ðə ˈsɪgnəʧər ˌgɛrənˈtiz ðət ðə faɪl ɪz seɪf tɪ ˌɪnˈstɔl ənd wɑz nɑt ˈtæmpərd wɪθ ɪn ˈɛni weɪ. ˈrəðər ðən weɪt fər ˈgugəl tɪ pʊʃ ðɪs ˈdaʊnˌloʊd tɪ jʊr dɪˈvaɪsɪz, wɪʧ kən teɪk deɪz, ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ənd ˌɪnˈstɔl ɪt ʤɪst laɪk ˈɛni ˈəðər. ˈvərʒən:
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about inside the community of morbidly obese people who are determined to be as fat as possible. society views very fat people as figures of fun, and sneers at their size. but a tiny minority of obese people really want to be as fat as possible. they have ambitions to weigh 60 stone plus. they call themselves "gainers", or (super sized big beautiful women). our controversial and provocative documentary looks inside this unique world and follows three larger than life women as they go about their extraordinary lives. far from pitying themselves, "gainers" celebrate their size. some even earn money from it, and feel their huge size is a major part of their identity. are they liberating themselves, or just fooling themselves? because of the level of derision and discrimination towards the obese, theirs is an underground subculture. however, a few gainers break cover and court publicity, seeking fame and notoriety. in this hour we will meet our three contributors in their home environments and going about their everyday yet extraordinary lives - such as weighing themselves (hoping to be heavier), and their super sized supermarket shop. their lives are full of conflict, and we'll see how they deal with pressure. from members of the public hurling insults to family telling them off, our cameras will witness how tough life can be as a morbidly obese woman. but these women are determined to embrace their amazing size, and we will see how they build huge fan bases on line, attend special conferences and enjoy attention from the world's media. we'll be alongside for a wedding, we'll see the launch of a big modeling career and discover the stresses of running a club just for big women. but all that eating and lack of mobility does lead to severe health issues. we'll see our attending medical appointments and will be alongside as doctors reveal the worrying impact of a larger than life diet on these women. will they change tack and diet to save their health? or will they carry on in their goal to hit 60 stone on the scales?
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əˈbaʊt ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə kəmˈjunɪti əv ˈmɔrbədli əˈbis ˈpipəl hu ər dɪˈtərmənd tɪ bi ɛz fæt ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. soʊˈsaɪɪti vjuz ˈvɛri fæt ˈpipəl ɛz ˈfɪgjərz əv fən, ənd snɪrz æt ðɛr saɪz. bət ə ˈtaɪni məˈnɔrəti əv əˈbis ˈpipəl ˈrɪli wɔnt tɪ bi ɛz fæt ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. ðeɪ hæv æmˈbɪʃənz tɪ weɪ 60 stoʊn pləs. ðeɪ kɔl ðɛmˈsɛlvz "ˈgeɪnərz", ər (ˈsupər saɪzd bɪg ˈbjutəfəl ˈwɪmən). ɑr ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ənd proʊˈvɑkətɪv ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri lʊks ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðɪs juˈnik wərld ənd ˈfɑloʊz θri ˈlɑrʤər ðən laɪf ˈwɪmən ɛz ðeɪ goʊ əˈbaʊt ðɛr ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri lɪvz. fɑr frəm ˈpɪtiɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz, "ˈgeɪnərz" ˈsɛləˌbreɪt ðɛr saɪz. səm ˈivɪn ərn ˈməni frəm ɪt, ənd fil ðɛr juʤ saɪz ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər pɑrt əv ðɛr aɪˈdɛntəˌti. ər ðeɪ ˈlɪˌbərˌeɪtɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ər ʤɪst ˈfulɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz? bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈlɛvəl əv dərˈɪʒən ənd dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən təˈwɔrdz ðə əˈbis, ðɛrz ɪz ən ˈəndərˌgraʊnd ˈsəbˌkəlʧər. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ə fju ˈgeɪnərz breɪk ˈkəvər ənd kɔrt pəˈblɪsɪti, ˈsikɪŋ feɪm ənd ˌnoʊtərˈaɪəti. ɪn ðɪs aʊər wi wɪl mit ɑr θri kənˈtrɪbjətərz ɪn ðɛr hoʊm ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts ənd goʊɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðɛr ˈɛvriˈdeɪ jɛt ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri lɪvz səʧ ɛz weɪɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz (ˈhoʊpɪŋ tɪ bi ˈhɛviər), ənd ðɛr ˈsupər saɪzd ˈsupərˌmɑrkɪt ʃɑp. ðɛr lɪvz ər fʊl əv ˈkɑnflɪkt, ənd wɪl si haʊ ðeɪ dil wɪθ ˈprɛʃər. frəm ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈhərlɪŋ ˌɪnˈsəlts tɪ ˈfæməli ˈtɛlɪŋ ðɛm ɔf, ɑr ˈkæmərəz wɪl ˈwɪtnəs haʊ təf laɪf kən bi ɛz ə ˈmɔrbədli əˈbis ˈwʊmən. bət ðiz ˈwɪmən ər dɪˈtərmənd tɪ ɪmˈbreɪs ðɛr əˈmeɪzɪŋ saɪz, ənd wi wɪl si haʊ ðeɪ bɪld juʤ fæn ˈbeɪsɪz ɔn laɪn, əˈtɛnd ˈspɛʃəl ˈkɑnfərənsəz ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ əˈtɛnʃən frəm ðə wərldz ˈmidiə. wɪl bi əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd fər ə ˈwɛdɪŋ, wɪl si ðə lɔnʧ əv ə bɪg ˈmɑdəlɪŋ kərɪr ənd dɪˈskəvər ðə ˈstrɛsɪz əv ˈrənɪŋ ə kləb ʤɪst fər bɪg ˈwɪmən. bət ɔl ðət ˈitɪŋ ənd læk əv moʊˈbɪlɪti dɪz lɛd tɪ səˈvɪr hɛlθ ˈɪʃuz. wɪl si ɑr əˈtɛndɪŋ ˈmɛdɪkəl əˈpɔɪntmənts ənd wɪl bi əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ɛz ˈdɑktərz rɪˈvil ðə ˈwəriɪŋ ˌɪmˈpækt əv ə ˈlɑrʤər ðən laɪf daɪət ɔn ðiz ˈwɪmən. wɪl ðeɪ ʧeɪnʤ tæk ənd daɪət tɪ seɪv ðɛr hɛlθ? ər wɪl ðeɪ ˈkɛri ɔn ɪn ðɛr goʊl tɪ hɪt 60 stoʊn ɔn ðə skeɪlz?
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heartbreak. chaos. regret. political instability. would you expect anything less from the 100?
as with the previous three seasons, the 100 season 4 starts a new chapter in the story of the and the with a greater threat than the discord between the clans. the world is facing another nuclear annihilation. will humanity find a way to survive again?
the new season begins in polis shortly after the destruction of the city of light and the deaths of chancellor pike and commander ontari. the resulting atmosphere in polis is in sharp contrast to the calm and happiness experienced in the city of light. the show immediately returns to its dark, gritty and politically challenging ways and the season 4 story begins with chaos and looming nuclear annihilation.
while that threat looms, there are more immediate concerns. what happens now that the coalition of the 13 clans is dead and no commander? (the political and emotional turmoil during the premiere, “echoes,” will have your heart racing). everyone is also struggling with coming out of the city of light, what they did while in the city of light, and the deaths of their loved ones. the reactions range from anger and regret to a desire for retribution. without a leader to calm the masses, chaos until a pivotal person declares control of polis.
the real treat of the 100 this season is acknowledging the path that has come before. we know these characters, we understand where been and who they are, yet they can still surprise us with their decisions. this is especially true of the original delinquents, who are still figuring out who they are as people and continue to grow through their triumphs and mistakes.
in that way, the past is not forgotten. clarke (eliza taylor) lives with the choices made and the people lost. they drive her as she handles the coming nuclear threat, as well as, the political turmoil between the clans. an impressive leader who adapts to the situation and continues to make the impossible decision when necessary.
unlike early last season, clarke a lone wolf. she has bellamy (bob morley) by her side to help her lead and they work better together than alone. just like her, he has regrets and continues to struggle with his actions over the past seasons. learned from his past and uses it to drive him to be better. not an easy ride for either of them; they have the weight of humanity on their shoulders.
the biggest change this season is for octavia (marie avgeropoulos). after (ricky whittle) death and killing pike (michael beach), found a new place in this world for herself. now known as “skairipa,” death from above. fierce, smart and ends up being a key player in trying to bring about political stability in polis.
in another example, throughout the years murphy (richard harmon) has gone from one of the most hated characters to one of the most beloved. proven to be resilient and willing to do whatever is necessary to survive. that change after his time in polis a survivor.
but the greatest addition this season is roan (zach mcgowan). his history with clarke throws an intriguing turn to the political dealings between the two leaders, while his previous exile from ice nation creates a challenge to his relationship with his people. will he be friend or foe?
one of my favorite aspects of this show is the continual theme of “how far will they go to save their people?” that go away and is heightened as the season begins and in new ways. it becomes more complicated than pulling a lever and killing hundreds of people. personal. and, choices of the past become choices of the present. the greater nuclear threat changes the emotional journey of watching the show. while anxiety about whether characters will live or die, not the major emotional pull over these first few episodes. instead, about the difficult decisions the characters have to make, which sometimes to run counter to their moral code.
for longtime fans of the 100, the new season finds viewers rewarded with a deeper look at the characters, including what drives them and what it takes to have them make unexpected and sometimes questionable decisions. their pasts determine their future for good or bad. yet even with all the unrest happening, there are several lighthearted and personal moments that showcase human connections. despite the troubles, deaths, and discord, humanity is at its best during personal moments of love and friendship. from romance to talks to friendly support, the 100 includes these seamlessly into the overall story and will bring joy into your heart and tears to your eyes.
rating: very good damn fine television
the 100 season 4 premieres wednesday, february on the cw.
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0 ˈhɑrtˌbreɪk. keɪɑs. rɪˈgrɛt. pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪnstəˈbɪlɪti. wʊd ju ɪkˈspɛkt ˈɛniˌθɪŋ lɛs frəm ðə 100 ɛz wɪθ ðə ˈpriviəs θri ˈsizənz, ðə 100 ˈsizən 4 stɑrts ə nu ˈʧæptər ɪn ðə ˈstɔri əv ðə ənd ðə wɪθ ə ˈgreɪtər θrɛt ðən ðə ˈdɪskɔrd bɪtˈwin ðə klænz. ðə wərld ɪz ˈfeɪsɪŋ əˈnəðər ˈnukliər əˌnaɪəˈleɪʃən. wɪl juˈmænɪti faɪnd ə weɪ tɪ sərˈvaɪv əˈgɛn? ðə nu ˈsizən bɪˈgɪnz ɪn ˈpoʊləs ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ðə dɪˈstrəkʃən əv ðə ˈsɪti əv laɪt ənd ðə dɛθs əv ˈʧænsələr paɪk ənd kəˈmændər ontari*. ðə rɪˈzəltɪŋ ˈætməsˌfɪr ɪn ˈpoʊləs ɪz ɪn ʃɑrp ˈkɑntræst tɪ ðə kɑm ənd ˈhæpinəs ɪkˈspɪriənst ɪn ðə ˈsɪti əv laɪt. ðə ʃoʊ ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli rɪˈtərnz tɪ ɪts dɑrk, ˈgrɪti ənd ˈplɪtɪkli ˈʧælənʤɪŋ weɪz ənd ðə ˈsizən 4 ˈstɔri bɪˈgɪnz wɪθ keɪɑs ənd ˈlumɪŋ ˈnukliər əˌnaɪəˈleɪʃən. waɪl ðət θrɛt lumz, ðɛr ər mɔr ˌɪˈmiˌdiət kənˈsərnz. wət ˈhæpənz naʊ ðət ðə ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən əv ðə 13 klænz ɪz dɛd ənd noʊ kəˈmændər? (ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˈtərˌmɔɪl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə prɛˈmɪr, ““echoes,”*,” wɪl hæv jʊr hɑrt ˈreɪsɪŋ). ˈɛvriˌwən ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈstrəgəlɪŋ wɪθ ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt əv ðə ˈsɪti əv laɪt, wət ðeɪ dɪd waɪl ɪn ðə ˈsɪti əv laɪt, ənd ðə dɛθs əv ðɛr ləvd wənz. ðə riˈækʃənz reɪnʤ frəm ˈæŋgər ənd rɪˈgrɛt tɪ ə dɪˈzaɪər fər ˌrɛtrəˈbjuʃən. wɪˈθaʊt ə ˈlidər tɪ kɑm ðə ˈmæsɪz, keɪɑs ənˈtɪl ə ˈpɪvətəl ˈpərsən dɪˈklɛrz kənˈtroʊl əv ˈpoʊləs. ðə ril trit əv ðə 100 ðɪs ˈsizən ɪz ækˈnɑlɪʤɪŋ ðə pæθ ðət həz kəm ˌbiˈfɔr. wi noʊ ðiz ˈkɛrɪktərz, wi ˌəndərˈstænd wɛr bɪn ənd hu ðeɪ ər, jɛt ðeɪ kən stɪl səˈpraɪz ˈjuˈɛs wɪθ ðɛr dɪˈsɪʒənz. ðɪs ɪz əˈspɛʃəli tru əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl dɪˈlɪŋkwənts, hu ər stɪl ˈfɪgjərɪŋ aʊt hu ðeɪ ər ɛz ˈpipəl ənd kənˈtɪnju tɪ groʊ θru ðɛr traɪəmfs ənd mɪˈsteɪks. ɪn ðət weɪ, ðə pæst ɪz nɑt fərˈgɑtən. klɑrk (ɪˈlaɪzə ˈteɪlər) lɪvz wɪθ ðə ˈʧɔɪsɪz meɪd ənd ðə ˈpipəl lɔst. ðeɪ draɪv hər ɛz ʃi ˈhændəlz ðə ˈkəmɪŋ ˈnukliər θrɛt, ɛz wɛl ɛz, ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈtərˌmɔɪl bɪtˈwin ðə klænz. ən ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv ˈlidər hu əˈdæpts tɪ ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ənd kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ meɪk ðə ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl dɪˈsɪʒən wɪn ˈnɛsəˌsɛri. ənˈlaɪk ˈərli læst ˈsizən, klɑrk ə loʊn wʊlf. ʃi həz ˈbɛləmi (bɑb ˈmɔrli) baɪ hər saɪd tɪ hɛlp hər lɛd ənd ðeɪ wərk ˈbɛtər təˈgɛðər ðən əˈloʊn. ʤɪst laɪk hər, hi həz rɪˈgrɛts ənd kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ ˈstrəgəl wɪθ hɪz ˈækʃənz ˈoʊvər ðə pæst ˈsizənz. ˈlərnɪd frəm hɪz pæst ənd ˈjuzɪz ɪt tɪ draɪv ɪm tɪ bi ˈbɛtər. nɑt ən ˈizi raɪd fər ˈiðər əv ðɛm; ðeɪ hæv ðə weɪt əv juˈmænɪti ɔn ðɛr ˈʃoʊldərz. ðə ˈbɪgəst ʧeɪnʤ ðɪs ˈsizən ɪz fər ɑkˈteɪviə (mərˈi avgeropoulos*). ˈæftər (ˈrɪˌki ˈwɪtəl) dɛθ ənd ˈkɪlɪŋ paɪk (ˈmaɪkəl biʧ), faʊnd ə nu pleɪs ɪn ðɪs wərld fər hərˈsɛlf. naʊ noʊn ɛz ““skairipa,”*,” dɛθ frəm əˈbəv. fɪrs, smɑrt ənd ɛndz əp biɪŋ ə ki pleɪər ɪn traɪɪŋ tɪ brɪŋ əˈbaʊt pəˈlɪtɪkəl stəˈbɪlɪti ɪn ˈpoʊləs. ɪn əˈnəðər ɪgˈzæmpəl, θruaʊt ðə jɪrz ˈmərfi (ˈrɪʧərd ˈhɑrmən) həz gɔn frəm wən əv ðə moʊst ˈheɪtɪd ˈkɛrɪktərz tɪ wən əv ðə moʊst bɪˈləvəd. ˈpruvən tɪ bi rɪˈzɪljənt ənd ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ du ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ sərˈvaɪv. ðət ʧeɪnʤ ˈæftər hɪz taɪm ɪn ˈpoʊləs ə sərˈvaɪvər. bət ðə ˈgreɪtəst əˈdɪʃən ðɪs ˈsizən ɪz roʊn (zæk məˈgaʊən). hɪz ˈhɪstəri wɪθ klɑrk θroʊz ən ˌɪnˈtrigɪŋ tərn tɪ ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈdilɪŋz bɪtˈwin ðə tu ˈlidərz, waɪl hɪz ˈpriviəs ˈɛkˌsaɪl frəm aɪs ˈneɪʃən kriˈeɪts ə ˈʧælənʤ tɪ hɪz riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ hɪz ˈpipəl. wɪl hi bi frɛnd ər foʊ? wən əv maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈæˌspɛkts əv ðɪs ʃoʊ ɪz ðə kənˈtɪnjuəl θim əv fɑr wɪl ðeɪ goʊ tɪ seɪv ðɛr people?”*?” ðət goʊ əˈweɪ ənd ɪz ˈhaɪtənd ɛz ðə ˈsizən bɪˈgɪnz ənd ɪn nu weɪz. ɪt bɪˈkəmz mɔr ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd ðən ˈpʊlɪŋ ə ˈlɛvər ənd ˈkɪlɪŋ ˈhənərdz əv ˈpipəl. ˈpərsɪnəl. ənd, ˈʧɔɪsɪz əv ðə pæst bɪˈkəm ˈʧɔɪsɪz əv ðə ˈprɛzənt. ðə ˈgreɪtər ˈnukliər θrɛt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ðə ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˈʤərni əv ˈwɑʧɪŋ ðə ʃoʊ. waɪl æŋˈzaɪəti əˈbaʊt ˈwɛðər ˈkɛrɪktərz wɪl lɪv ər daɪ, nɑt ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl pʊl ˈoʊvər ðiz fərst fju ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz. ˌɪnˈstɛd, əˈbaʊt ðə ˈdɪfəkəlt dɪˈsɪʒənz ðə ˈkɛrɪktərz hæv tɪ meɪk, wɪʧ ˈsəmˌtaɪmz tɪ rən ˈkaʊntər tɪ ðɛr ˈmɔrəl koʊd. fər ˈlɔŋˌtaɪm fænz əv ðə 100 ðə nu ˈsizən faɪndz vjuərz rɪˈwɔrdɪd wɪθ ə ˈdipər lʊk æt ðə ˈkɛrɪktərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ wət draɪvz ðɛm ənd wət ɪt teɪks tɪ hæv ðɛm meɪk ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz kˈwɛsʧənəbəl dɪˈsɪʒənz. ðɛr pæsts dɪˈtərmən ðɛr fˈjuʧər fər gʊd ər bæd. jɛt ˈivɪn wɪθ ɔl ðə ənˈrɛst ˈhæpənɪŋ, ðɛr ər ˈsɛvərəl ˈlaɪˌthɑrtɪd ənd ˈpərsɪnəl ˈmoʊmənts ðət ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs ˈjumən kəˈnɛkʃənz. dɪˈspaɪt ðə ˈtrəbəlz, dɛθs, ənd ˈdɪskɔrd, juˈmænɪti ɪz æt ɪts bɛst ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈpərsɪnəl ˈmoʊmənts əv ləv ənd ˈfrɛndʃɪp. frəm ˈroʊmæns tɪ tɔks tɪ ˈfrɛndli səˈpɔrt, ðə 100 ˌɪnˈkludz ðiz ˈsimləsli ˈɪntu ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈstɔri ənd wɪl brɪŋ ʤɔɪ ˈɪntu jʊr hɑrt ənd tɪrz tɪ jʊr aɪz. ˈreɪtɪŋ: ˈvɛri gʊd dæm faɪn ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən ðə 100 ˈsizən 4 prɛˈmɪrz ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ˈfɛbruˌɛri ɔn ðə cw*.
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while not a true artificial intelligence, the 'herakles' represented a substantial breakthrough in both spacecraft and autonomous control systems design. introduced into the private security market late in the decade, the i gave independent and transport concerns an affordable security solution in the form of a fully short range fighter.
barely 8 meters in length, the could be operated from a hangar the size of a standard shipping container and could be carried in external cargo in a number of configurations. by using a control core of nickel/palladium, the maintenance and survivability problem of organic material was avoided, and shielding mass could be reduced correspondingly. external command input could be minimal for most applications, but lack of certification prevented legal use within treaty sphere space. this was of minimal concern for most operators, as the primary market was operators in the outer system needing cheap and effective escort for cargo ships.
operating a range of modular beam and missile weapons, the could be configured to deal with threats from zombie swarms to borgsats. while not a match for the more organized pirate concerns, the system proved effective enough to discourage even these attacks. later marks introduced weapon pods in addition to the refueling facilities fitted in the hangar module.
here we see a late mark i upgraded to mark standard. the auxiliary radiators fitted to the heat exchangers are a distinct element of the subtype. it's been deployed to sweep for mines in the jupiter trojans preceding survey work.
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waɪl nɑt ə tru ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns, ðə 'herakles*' ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ə səbˈstænʃəl ˈbreɪkθˌru ɪn boʊθ ˈspeɪˌskræft ənd ɔˈtɑnəməs kənˈtroʊl ˈsɪstəmz dɪˈzaɪn. ˌɪntrəˈdust ˈɪntu ðə ˈpraɪvət sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈmɑrkɪt leɪt ɪn ðə ˈdɛkeɪd, ðə aɪ geɪv ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ənd ˈtrænspɔrt kənˈsərnz ən əˈfɔrdəbəl sɪˈkjʊrəti səˈluʃən ɪn ðə fɔrm əv ə ˈfʊli ʃɔrt reɪnʤ ˈfaɪtər. ˈbɛrli 8 ˈmitərz ɪn lɛŋθ, ðə kʊd bi ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd frəm ə ˈhæŋər ðə saɪz əv ə ˈstændərd ˈʃɪpɪŋ kənˈteɪnər ənd kʊd bi ˈkɛrid ɪn ɪkˈstərnəl ˈkɑrˌgoʊ ɪn ə ˈnəmbər əv kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃənz. baɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ə kənˈtroʊl kɔr əv nickel/palladium*, ðə ˈmeɪntənəns ənd sərˌvaɪvəˈbɪlɪti ˈprɑbləm əv ɔrˈgænɪk məˈtɪriəl wɑz əˈvɔɪdɪd, ənd ˈʃildɪŋ mæs kʊd bi rɪˈdust ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋli. ɪkˈstərnəl kəˈmænd ˈɪnˌpʊt kʊd bi ˈmɪnəməl fər moʊst ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz, bət læk əv ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃən prɪˈvɛnɪd ˈligəl juz wɪˈθɪn ˈtriti sfɪr speɪs. ðɪs wɑz əv ˈmɪnəməl kənˈsərn fər moʊst ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz, ɛz ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈmɑrkɪt wɑz ˈɔpərˌeɪtərz ɪn ðə ˈaʊtər ˈsɪstəm ˈnidɪŋ ʧip ənd ˈifɛktɪv ˈɛskɔrt fər ˈkɑrˌgoʊ ʃɪps. ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ə reɪnʤ əv ˈmɑʤələr bim ənd ˈmɪsəl ˈwɛpənz, ðə kʊd bi kənˈfɪgjərd tɪ dil wɪθ θrɛts frəm ˈzɑmbi swɔrmz tɪ borgsats*. waɪl nɑt ə mæʧ fər ðə mɔr ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈpaɪrət kənˈsərnz, ðə ˈsɪstəm pruvd ˈifɛktɪv ɪˈnəf tɪ dɪˈskərɪʤ ˈivɪn ðiz əˈtæks. ˈleɪtər mɑrks ˌɪntrəˈdust ˈwɛpən pɑdz ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə rifˈjuəlɪŋ fəˈsɪlɪtiz ˈfɪtɪd ɪn ðə ˈhæŋər ˈmɑʤul. hir wi si ə leɪt mɑrk aɪ ˈəpˌgreɪdɪd tɪ mɑrk ˈstændərd. ðə ɑgˈzɪljəri ˈreɪdiˌeɪtərz ˈfɪtɪd tɪ ðə hit ɪksˈʧeɪnʤərz ər ə dɪˈstɪŋkt ˈɛləmənt əv ðə ˈsəbˌtaɪp. ɪts bɪn dɪˈplɔɪd tɪ swip fər maɪnz ɪn ðə ˈʤupɪtər ˈtroʊʤənz priˈsidɪŋ ˈsərˌveɪ wərk.
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A former Secret Service agent who guarded the door of the Oval Office during the presidency of Bill Clinton is to publish a book in which he will claim Hillary Clinton "lacks the integrity and temperament" to serve as president.
Gary Byrne described Mrs Clinton as "volcanic, impulsive, and enabled by sycophants".
In extracts from his book, Crisis of Character, he claimed to have "personally observed President Bill Clinton's infidelities".
On one occasion in 1995 he heard Mrs Clinton's "booming voice" from the White House living quarters as the first couple argued, he claimed.
Later, a glass vase was found smashed on the floor and President Clinton had a "put a steak on it" black eye the next day, he wrote.
Mr Byrne said when he asked about the "shiner" he was told by President Clinton's press secretary that it was the result of an allergy to coffee.
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ə ˈfɔrmər ˈsikrɪt ˈsərvɪs ˈeɪʤənt hu ˈgɑrdɪd ðə dɔr əv ðə ˈoʊvəl ˈɔfəs ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənsi əv bɪl ˈklɪntən ɪz tɪ ˈpəblɪʃ ə bʊk ɪn wɪʧ hi wɪl kleɪm ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən "læks ðə ˌɪnˈtɛgrəti ənd ˈtɛmpərmənt" tɪ sərv ɛz ˈprɛzɪdənt. ˈgɛri bərn dɪˈskraɪbd ˈmɪsɪz ˈklɪntən ɛz "vɑlˈkænɪk, ˌɪmˈpəlsɪv, ənd ɪˈneɪbəld baɪ sycophants*". ɪn ˈɛkˌstrækts frəm hɪz bʊk, ˈkraɪsəs əv ˈkɛrɪktər, hi kleɪmd tɪ hæv "ˈpərsənəli əbˈzərvd ˈprɛzɪdənt bɪl ˈklɪntənz ˌɪnfɪˈdɛlɪtiz". ɔn wən əˈkeɪʒən ɪn 1995 hi hərd ˈmɪsɪz ˈklɪntənz "ˈbumɪŋ vɔɪs" frəm ðə waɪt haʊs ˈlɪvɪŋ kˈwɔrtərz ɛz ðə fərst ˈkəpəl ˈɑrgjud, hi kleɪmd. ˈleɪtər, ə glæs vɑz wɑz faʊnd smæʃt ɔn ðə flɔr ənd ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈklɪntən hæd ə "pʊt ə steɪk ɔn ɪt" blæk aɪ ðə nɛkst deɪ, hi roʊt. ˈmɪstər bərn sɛd wɪn hi æst əˈbaʊt ðə "ˈʃaɪnər" hi wɑz toʊld baɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈklɪntənz prɛs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ðət ɪt wɑz ðə rɪˈzəlt əv ən ˈælərʤi tɪ ˈkɔfi.
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home improvement edition with dvd is rated out of 5 by 48 .
rated 3 out of 5 by greg from when i came into i was looking for a... when i came into i was looking for a book on framing. i seem to remember having purchased a book on electrical a while ago and at that time there were several specialized books on electrical, plumbing, carpentry and such. this book seems to cover a multitude of all subjects, but lack the detail
rated 4 out of 5 by gil from it is a very good book for beguines, the electrical and the plumbing needs little be more informa... it is a very good book for beguines, the electrical and the plumbing needs little be more information, but overall it is a good book.
rated 5 out of 5 by from if you own a home or want to know how to do something, this is the book to have. if you own a home or want to know how to do something, this is the book to have.
rated 5 out of 5 by gil from it was a gift to a friend. sure... it was a gift to a friend. sure done job!!
rated 5 out of 5 by from great for idea and to make you ate doing it... great for idea and to make you ate doing it right.
rated 5 out of 5 by from great gift to new home owner. very informative. ... great gift to new home owner. very informative.
rated 5 out of 5 by from 5 star review rating provided by a verified purchaser
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hoʊm ˌɪmˈpruvmənt ɪˈdɪʃən wɪθ ˌdiˌviˈdi ɪz ˈreɪtɪd aʊt əv 5 baɪ 48 ˈreɪtɪd 3 aʊt əv 5 baɪ grɛg frəm wɪn aɪ keɪm ˈɪntu aɪ wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə... wɪn aɪ keɪm ˈɪntu aɪ wɑz ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə bʊk ɔn ˈfreɪmɪŋ. aɪ sim tɪ rɪˈmɛmbər ˈhævɪŋ ˈpərʧəst ə bʊk ɔn ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ə waɪl əˈgoʊ ənd æt ðət taɪm ðɛr wər ˈsɛvərəl ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd bʊks ɔn ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl, ˈpləmɪŋ, ˈkɑrpəntri ənd səʧ. ðɪs bʊk simz tɪ ˈkəvər ə ˈməltəˌtud əv ɔl ˈsəbʤɪkts, bət læk ðə ˈditeɪl ˈreɪtɪd 4 aʊt əv 5 baɪ gɪl frəm ɪt ɪz ə ˈvɛri gʊd bʊk fər beguines*, ðə ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ənd ðə ˈpləmɪŋ nidz ˈlɪtəl bi mɔr informa*... ɪt ɪz ə ˈvɛri gʊd bʊk fər beguines*, ðə ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ənd ðə ˈpləmɪŋ nidz ˈlɪtəl bi mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, bət ˈoʊvərˌɔl ɪt ɪz ə gʊd bʊk. ˈreɪtɪd 5 aʊt əv 5 baɪ frəm ɪf ju oʊn ə hoʊm ər wɔnt tɪ noʊ haʊ tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ, ðɪs ɪz ðə bʊk tɪ hæv. ɪf ju oʊn ə hoʊm ər wɔnt tɪ noʊ haʊ tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ, ðɪs ɪz ðə bʊk tɪ hæv. ˈreɪtɪd 5 aʊt əv 5 baɪ gɪl frəm ɪt wɑz ə gɪft tɪ ə frɛnd. ʃʊr... ɪt wɑz ə gɪft tɪ ə frɛnd. ʃʊr dən ʤɑb!! ˈreɪtɪd 5 aʊt əv 5 baɪ frəm greɪt fər aɪˈdiə ənd tɪ meɪk ju eɪt duɪŋ ɪt... greɪt fər aɪˈdiə ənd tɪ meɪk ju eɪt duɪŋ ɪt raɪt. ˈreɪtɪd 5 aʊt əv 5 baɪ frəm greɪt gɪft tɪ nu hoʊm ˈoʊnər. ˈvɛri ˌɪnˈfɔrmətɪv. greɪt gɪft tɪ nu hoʊm ˈoʊnər. ˈvɛri ˌɪnˈfɔrmətɪv. ˈreɪtɪd 5 aʊt əv 5 baɪ frəm 5 stɑr ˌrivˈju ˈreɪtɪŋ prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ə ˈvɛrəˌfaɪd ˈpərʧəsər
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whenever we find a potentially good business idea, or perhaps a strategy that could help improve our lead generation process, there will always be some people who will discourage us about it. the question here is this: will we let them do it?
this is where the words of sir richard branson, owner of the virgin group, make some sense: “screw it. just do it.” no phrase emphasizes the importance of just going ahead with your plans or goals as what he said. truly, this is an inspiring piece for many telemarketing representatives who are looking for better sales leads.
often, a lot of enterprising businesses fail to generate leads using new marketing tactics due to discouragement from many quarters. sure, naysayers and critics may have a point in what they say, but that should never be your reason why you should stop your plans. rather, this is your chance to prove them wrong, to show them that you really are in the right track.
besides, even if you are wrong, starting from scratch meant you really have nothing much to lose. you can always do better next time. now, if you succeed on your new appointment setting strategies, then it is your big win. it is all about willingness to take risks, as well as ingenuity in making your venture successful. richard branson did it. look at where he is now.
that is all there is to it, apart from outsourcing your work to professional lead generation services. that would be a different story.
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wɛˈnɛvər wi faɪnd ə pəˈtɛnʃəli gʊd ˈbɪznɪs aɪˈdiə, ər pərˈhæps ə ˈstrætəʤi ðət kʊd hɛlp ˌɪmˈpruv ɑr lɛd ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs, ðɛr wɪl ˈɔlˌweɪz bi səm ˈpipəl hu wɪl dɪˈskərɪʤ ˈjuˈɛs əˈbaʊt ɪt. ðə kˈwɛʃən hir ɪz ðɪs: wɪl wi lɛt ðɛm du ɪt? ðɪs ɪz wɛr ðə wərdz əv sər ˈrɪʧərd ˈbrænsən, ˈoʊnər əv ðə ˈvərʤɪn grup, meɪk səm sɛns: ɪt. ʤɪst du it.”*.” noʊ freɪz ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzɪz ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ʤɪst goʊɪŋ əˈhɛd wɪθ jʊr plænz ər goʊlz ɛz wət hi sɛd. ˈtruli, ðɪs ɪz ən ˌɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ pis fər ˈmɛni ˌtɛləˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz hu ər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˈbɛtər seɪlz lidz. ˈɔfən, ə lɔt əv ˈɛnərˌpraɪzɪŋ ˈbɪznɪsɪz feɪl tɪ ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt lidz ˈjuzɪŋ nu ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˈtæktɪks du tɪ dɪˈskərɪʤmənt frəm ˈmɛni kˈwɔrtərz. ʃʊr, ˌneɪˈseɪərz ənd ˈkrɪtɪks meɪ hæv ə pɔɪnt ɪn wət ðeɪ seɪ, bət ðət ʃʊd ˈnɛvər bi jʊr ˈrizən waɪ ju ʃʊd stɑp jʊr plænz. ˈrəðər, ðɪs ɪz jʊr ʧæns tɪ pruv ðɛm rɔŋ, tɪ ʃoʊ ðɛm ðət ju ˈrɪli ər ɪn ðə raɪt træk. ˌbiˈsaɪdz, ˈivɪn ɪf ju ər rɔŋ, ˈstɑrtɪŋ frəm skræʧ mɛnt ju ˈrɪli hæv ˈnəθɪŋ məʧ tɪ luz. ju kən ˈɔlˌweɪz du ˈbɛtər nɛkst taɪm. naʊ, ɪf ju səkˈsid ɔn jʊr nu əˈpɔɪntmənt ˈsɛtɪŋ ˈstrætəʤiz, ðɛn ɪt ɪz jʊr bɪg wɪn. ɪt ɪz ɔl əˈbaʊt ˈwɪlɪŋnəs tɪ teɪk rɪsks, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˌɪnʤəˈnuəˌti ɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ jʊr ˈvɛnʧər səkˈsɛsfəl. ˈrɪʧərd ˈbrænsən dɪd ɪt. lʊk æt wɛr hi ɪz naʊ. ðət ɪz ɔl ðɛr ɪz tɪ ɪt, əˈpɑrt frəm ˌaʊtˈsɔrsɪŋ jʊr wərk tɪ prəˈfɛʃənəl lɛd ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˈsərvɪsɪz. ðət wʊd bi ə ˈdɪfərənt ˈstɔri.
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vice president joseph r. biden slammed donald trump monday for not paying federal income taxes, seizing on a report that the republican nominee may have taken advantage of a loophole to avoid tax payments for 18 years.
“he says, ‘i pay any federal taxes’ possibly for more than 18 years. he said, ‘that makes me smart,’ mr. biden told supporters at a hillary clinton campaign rally in orlando, florida. “what does that make the rest of americans, including very wealthy businessmen who pay their fair share?”
mr. biden was two separate events the comment in a debate that limiting his tax liability “makes me smart,” and a subsequent new york times report that business losses may have allowed mr. trump to avoid income tax payments for as long as 18 years. the republican has not acknowledged the accuracy of the report or released his tax returns.
the vice president emphasized the theme that mrs. tax proposals would be fair to the middle class, and asserted that mr. policies would create more tax breaks for wealthy people like himself.
“we need a tax code fair,” mr. biden said. “hillary has laid out the details for a fairer tax code where everyone pays their fair share. no one gets gouged. you can still be very wealthy in this country.”
he said mr. tax plans would either increase deficits by $9 trillion over a decade, or force washington to cut social security, education and job training by 40 percent.
mr. biden also told the audience that his own net worth is paltry by standards.
“bernie sanders’ net worth is more than mine,” he said of the vermont senator. “i have less money than a socialist. i know what the hell happened to me. and been doing this for 44 years.”
the white house sidestepped the issue of mr. taxes. white house press secretary josh earnest said “difficult for anybody to draw a firm conclusion” without examining all of mr. tax documents.
“what i will say is mr. tax strategies aside, the president believes that we can do some very helpful things for the economy by closing loopholes that only benefit the wealthy and and using the revenue from those closed loopholes to invest in things like infrastructure and invest[ing] in community college for every hardworking american student,” mr. earnest said.
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vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈʤoʊzəf ɑr. ˈbaɪdən slæmd ˈdɑnəld trəmp ˈmənˌdeɪ fər nɑt peɪɪŋ ˈfɛdərəl ˈɪnˌkəm ˈtæksɪz, ˈsizɪŋ ɔn ə rɪˈpɔrt ðət ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌnɑməˈni meɪ hæv ˈteɪkən ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ə ˈluˌphoʊl tɪ əˈvɔɪd tæks ˈpeɪmənts fər 18 jɪrz. sɪz, peɪ ˈɛni ˈfɛdərəl taxes’*’ ˈpɑsəbli fər mɔr ðən 18 jɪrz. hi sɛd, meɪks mi smart,’*,’ ˈmɪstər. ˈbaɪdən toʊld səˈpɔrtərz æt ə ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən kæmˈpeɪn ˈræli ɪn ɔˈrlænˌdoʊ, ˈflɔrɪdə. dɪz ðət meɪk ðə rɛst əv əˈmɛrɪkənz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈvɛri ˈwɛlθi ˈbɪznɪsˌmɛn hu peɪ ðɛr fɛr share?”*?” ˈmɪstər. ˈbaɪdən wɑz tu ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ɪˈvɛnts ðə ˈkɑmɛnt ɪn ə dəˈbeɪt ðət ˈlɪmətɪŋ hɪz tæks ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti mi smart,”*,” ənd ə ˈsəbsəkwənt nu jɔrk taɪmz rɪˈpɔrt ðət ˈbɪznɪs ˈlɔsɪz meɪ hæv əˈlaʊd ˈmɪstər. trəmp tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈɪnˌkəm tæks ˈpeɪmənts fər ɛz lɔŋ ɛz 18 jɪrz. ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən həz nɑt ækˈnɑlɪʤd ðə ˈækjərəsi əv ðə rɪˈpɔrt ər riˈlist hɪz tæks rɪˈtərnz. ðə vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzd ðə θim ðət ˈmɪsɪz. tæks prəˈpoʊzəlz wʊd bi fɛr tɪ ðə ˈmɪdəl klæs, ənd əˈsərtəd ðət ˈmɪstər. ˈpɑləsiz wʊd kriˈeɪt mɔr tæks breɪks fər ˈwɛlθi ˈpipəl laɪk hɪmˈsɛlf. nid ə tæks koʊd fair,”*,” ˈmɪstər. ˈbaɪdən sɛd. həz leɪd aʊt ðə ˈditeɪlz fər ə ˈfɛrər tæks koʊd wɛr ˈɛvriˌwən peɪz ðɛr fɛr ʃɛr. noʊ wən gɪts gaʊʤd. ju kən stɪl bi ˈvɛri ˈwɛlθi ɪn ðɪs country.”*.” hi sɛd ˈmɪstər. tæks plænz wʊd ˈiðər ˌɪnˈkris ˈdɛfɪsɪts baɪ 9 ˈtrɪljən ˈoʊvər ə ˈdɛkeɪd, ər fɔrs ˈwɔʃɪŋtən tɪ kət ˈsoʊʃəl sɪˈkjʊrəti, ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ənd ʤɑb ˈtreɪnɪŋ baɪ 40 pərˈsɛnt. ˈmɪstər. ˈbaɪdən ˈɔlsoʊ toʊld ðə ˈɔdiəns ðət hɪz oʊn nɛt wərθ ɪz ˈpɔltri baɪ ˈstændərdz. sanders’*’ nɛt wərθ ɪz mɔr ðən mine,”*,” hi sɛd əv ðə vərˈmɑnt ˈsɛnətər. hæv lɛs ˈməni ðən ə ˈsoʊʃəlɪst. aɪ noʊ wət ðə hɛl ˈhæpənd tɪ mi. ənd bɪn duɪŋ ðɪs fər 44 years.”*.” ðə waɪt haʊs ˈsaɪdˌstɛpt ðə ˈɪʃu əv ˈmɪstər. ˈtæksɪz. waɪt haʊs prɛs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ʤɑʃ ˈərnɪst sɛd fər ˈɛnibədi tɪ drɔ ə fərm conclusion”*” wɪˈθaʊt ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ ɔl əv ˈmɪstər. tæks ˈdɑkjəmənts. aɪ wɪl seɪ ɪz ˈmɪstər. tæks ˈstrætəʤiz əˈsaɪd, ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt bɪˈlivz ðət wi kən du səm ˈvɛri ˈhɛlpfəl θɪŋz fər ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi baɪ ˈkloʊzɪŋ ˈluˌphoʊlz ðət ˈoʊnli ˈbɛnəfɪt ðə ˈwɛlθi ənd ənd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈrɛvəˌnu frəm ðoʊz kloʊzd ˈluˌphoʊlz tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛst ɪn θɪŋz laɪk ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ənd invest[ing*] ɪn kəmˈjunɪti ˈkɑlɪʤ fər ˈɛvəri ˈhɑrdˌwərkɪŋ əˈmɛrɪkən student,”*,” ˈmɪstər. ˈərnɪst sɛd. ˈkɑpiˌraɪt 2019 ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən taɪmz, llc*. klɪk hir fər riˈprɪnt pərˈmɪʃən.
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share this essay this essay was originally published in the february 1994 issue.
i.
five years ago, a new york law journal sponsored a symposium on hegel and law. charles taylor, the montreal philosopher, gave the keynote address. taylor argued that liberal theory needs to be supplemented with a view, inspired by political philosophy. reviewing an edited version of the symposium, hegel and legal theory, a british academic complained that nearly every contributor a cap toward position. “one begins to get the impression,” the reviewer wrote bitterly, “that the german was somehow the author of a book on the canadian philosopher, rather than the other way around.”
g.w.f. hegel, who died in 1831, was last in the great line of german idealists which included fichte, kant, and schelling. for reasons i want to explore in this essay, hegel also looms large in canada. certain broad hegelian principles are perennial in the northern landscape. some are actually founded in the commonsense tradition of the scottish “hotbed of genius” that followed that act of union between england and scotland in 1707, and reached its peak from 1730 to 1790. scottish thinkers like david hume, adam smith, and sir james steuart had a defining impact on hegel. they and their descendents also left “a mysterious element of in the canadian psyche.” the strength of that tradition is affirmed by a well-known caledonian immigrant, who, incidentally, has made her own contribution to it. arriving in renfrew, ontario in 1949, former supreme court justice bertha wilson “felt that the country to which i had come was more scottish than the one i left behind!”
thanks to the scottish influence, belief in community and in the identity of language and action are key features of of canadian intellectual life. perhaps influence is to be expected in a nation where communication comes just below cleanliness as a unique mode of access to the heavenly kingdom. we would sooner talk on a cellular phone than fight.
for hegel, freedom and equality are primary achievements of states rather than smith notwithstanding, another scottish borrowing. this view suits a nation that favours “peace, order, and good government” over the u.s. credo, “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” here, motorcycle riders are required to wear helmets, and motorists must fasten their seatbelts. if injured, they can expect medical care. in many u.s. states, motorcyclists can let their hair blow in the wind, and car occupants need not buckle up. but the government will not be there for them if they get squashed in an accident.
so far as i am aware, no observer of canadian politics has remarked on the close resemblance between john scowling visage and the head of famed owl of minerva, which flies only at dusk. but if george grant was right in his classic, lament for a nation, owl signalled oncoming gloom for canadian nationalism, at least in its tory version.
canuck thinkers with a special interest in hegel have reached a world audience many times.
by contrast, minister brian unconscious fealty to hegelian precepts is well-known. in pledge of allegiance: the americanization of canada in the mulroney years, for example, lawrence martin quotes david crombie along these lines. the tiny perfect toronto waterfront czar remarked that brian mulroney “wears the clothes of the day, and not necessarily such a bad thing for a politician. a line from hegel about the wind of god in the trees. you catch it and hang on. so what he saw was thatcher and reagan as heroes of the day. and i have a feeling that if fishermen got to the head of the line tomorrow, mulroney would have rubber boots on. and i mean that in a phoney way.”
thankfully, wind of god has blown mulroney out of sussex drive, but the german philosopher remains in place; and tempting as it is to dismiss charles international reputation as a singular anomaly, canuck thinkers with a special interest in hegel have reached a world audience many times in the last century. this forms a key argument in leslie and elizabeth powerful history of canadian faces of reason. interestingly, reputation in the cloudy of hegel studies is easily eclipsed by (and victoria’s) henry s. harris, biographer, and matched by emile fackenheim, a toronto philosopher now retired in israel.
proportionately, canada may produce more original work on hegel than any other nation. and this is not only due to the big three: harris, taylor and fackenheim. pioneering feminist renderings of hegel such as the politics of reproduction by mary and the article “hegel and ‘the woman question’: recognition and intersubjectivity” by patricia mills are legendary. university of washington scholar john toews, who wrote the key study of and won a macarthur prize in the bargain, seems to be an exception to the canuck rule; but it turns out he hails from mennonite country in manitoba. still, perhaps country and western great, “stompin'” tom connors, would be skeptical of the latter two entrants. as he said of hank snow, “what’s the use of being a canadian if you live here?”
hegel’s thought is primarily about self-consciousness and the politics of recognition. a people so sensitive about these issues could do no better than embrace his lesson that the dialectic of master and slave leads to freedom for the underdog. in canada, contest becomes a series of spiritual wrestling matches with colonial masters, from france to britain to the united states. it speaks to striving for language and culture, and illuminates the contemporary struggle of native peoples and canadian workers against an arrogant and distracted ruling class in love with wall street.
the phenomenology of spirit, work, is about the ascent of consciousness to self-discovery, a journey fueled by conflict and contradiction. many have noted the startling reversals and incomprehensible plot twists in masterpiece. not the least of these, as carleton political scientist tom darby has shown in his book the feast, is that consciousness is a combination of female and male, an androgyne. battle to create a constitution may be the closest national parallel to the complicated voyage of the phenomenology. undoubtedly, as a romance of national consciousness, complete with midnight faxes, gorgeous scenery, and nefarious characters, nothing could equal deborah roll of the dice: working with clyde wells during the meech lake negotiations. absent from text, spirit is never far away.
p.e. trudeau never conquered the world, but he did bring down the charlottetown agreement.
writing before meech lake, american philosopher hugh mccumber speculated that the “unparallelled flowering of hegelian thought” in canada might be due to an opening of the two that have defined the canadian psyche. certainly, may be found on either side of the reaction to the meech fiasco. one such is calgary political scientist barry cooper, who pronounced the end of history almost a decade before the u.s. francis fukuyama. a influenced by the philosopher kojève, cooper has bidden “good-bye and good luck” to quebec (shorn of its northern territories and the south bank of the st. lawrence) in deconfederation: canada without quebec. he and david would unload toronto domain to private investors for $100 million. their vision of canada is the ultimate device: auction a province.
charles taylor, by contrast, plugs away at the position, in which recognition of the collective rights of nationalists would help “to build a new country a more decentralized canada.” in in reconciling the two, which anticipated the charlottetown would have “powers over labour, communications, agriculture and fisheries” among others. naturally, canada would sheepishly continue to lard the quebec pork barrel, or, as the montreal philosopher delicately puts it, maintain “a system of equalization between the regions.” with the bloc now the official opposition this hegelian vision is beginning to look like reality.
taylor’s challenge to pierre elliot 1965 run in mount royal may not have been a event, but in canadian terms it must rank with sighting of napoleon on horseback after the french defeated prussia at the 1806 battle of jena. “i saw the emperor,” hegel wrote to a friend at the time. “i saw the out of the city on reconnaissance. it is indeed a wonderful sensation to see such an individual, who, concentrated here at a single point, reaches out over the world and masters it.” p.e. trudeau never conquered the world, but he did bring down the “master black-mailers'” charlottetown agreement with a brief talk after a chinese dinner in montreal. at least, so argues john f. conway in his splendid account of canadian constitutional history, debts to pay: english canada and quebec from the conquest to the referendum.
incidentally, the imbroglio led to some strange reversals. in a piece in reconciling the two: essays on canadian federalism and nationalism), for example, charles taylor dismissed “trudeaumania” as an american copycat operation, more form than substance. trudeau would never “rattle the” of the establishment, the philosopher claimed. twenty years later taylor would accept the invitation of the business council for national issues to trash “meech rejectors” and other wayward souls while principled opposition to the of canada would upset the of bankers and corporate leaders across the country. a disciple of british idealist t. h. green, trudeau may actually be best hegelian, as we shall see below.
in any event, and the national question go together. germany in time was awash with constitutional issues, and, like our own constitutional sages, he submitted a few solutions of his own. germany was not a united country but a collection of many independent states. move to berlin in 1818 reflected the magnetic force of prussia, which was soon to pull together the german nation; despite the popular myth, however, he was never a fan of the prussian monarchy. his last work, a powerful analysis of electoral changes in the 1831 english reform bill, was banned in part by the kaiser.
ii.
hegel is often misrepresented as a lover of big government, a philosopher with “a tendency to the state,” as philip resnick suggests in his otherwise valuable the masks of proteus: canadian reflections on the state. but recent research has established deep commitment to individual rights. this scholarship has revived the concepts of british idealism, and especially those of the canadian, john watson, who loomed large in thought at the turn of the century. watson was the first to claim that canada was true home, since the germans had long since abandoned his philosophy.
hegel’s conception of the individual provides plenty of room for collective goals.
in perspective, the locus of individual right is found in the right to property; a conjunction also insisted upon by c.b. macpherson, who noted rise and fall of economic justice, that the original meaning of property referred to “a property in person, life and liberty, as well as worldly goods.”
hegel’s individual, unlike john locke’s, is profoundly social. her destiny lies not just in the competitive marketplace, but also in the overarching reality of the state, on one hand, and the personal of family life, on the other. as leslie armour declares in the idea of canada and the crisis of community, the foremost canadian philosophers have similarly emphasized the notion of community whenever they spoke of individuals; and the concept of community itself is usually seen by them in pluralistic terms.
hegel’s conception of the individual provides plenty of room for collective goals, and thus validates charles model of a decentralized canada (as well as bilingualism project). yet, understanding of recognition, the of hegelian individualism, is peculiarly lacking in the social element hegel insisted upon. for seems unaware of a similar argument by canadian expatriate sociologist, erving boils down to the simple human need each of us has to be acknowledged by another. thus, you feel affronted if someone fails to return a greeting you offer on the street. on a larger scale, says taylor, this explains anger when the rest of canada rejected the “distinct society” clause in the meech lake accord, and, as a result, refused recognition to the quebec nation.
taylor submits that the need for recognition is misunderstood by feminists, black activists, and others, as the illegitimate exercise of exploitation and the part of those who withhold recognition. a simple need for tolerance of diversity is transformed, he says, into a struggle for justice. as i understand it, however, point is that withdrawal of recognition amounts to precisely an act of violence, of exploitation. the failure to recognize the slave is not simply a denial of diversity, any more than our eating of an apple is grounded in some cosmic lack of shared values between human and fruit. the person who is unrecognized does not exist for the other as human, and this facilitates an entire social mechanism of exploitation and violence. for hegel, the capitalist which the right to a job, property, good health, and a decent future for her family are constantly in primarily a mechanism of non-recognition, of exploitation.
something like this was message in the famous maison egg roll speech in montreal, “a mess that deserves a big no.” the charlottetown consensus meant more than open acceptance of the french fact, trudeau warned. it also proposed withdrawal of recognition, of democratic rights, from particular groups of individuals, and a hierarchy of rights for others. dismantling federal power meant exposing each citizen to corporate tyranny. “when each citizen is not equal to all other citizens in a state, we are faced with a dictatorship, which arranges citizens in a hierarchy according to their beliefs. and when a person lives under the reign of unbridled capitalism, it is not sharing and justice that prevail, but rather the law of supply and demand. the implacable market decides how wealth is distributed.”
a vital part of the connection between hegel and canada may be our underdog status relative to the united states. in many ways, this was also the relation of germany to england in the to mention that between scotland and england as well. “why,” ask armour and trott, “should we find our and on the fringe of european civilization and not in paris, rome, or london?” marginality, says charles taylor, brings with it a tendency to look for universal truth outside our borders. “we then think of ourselves as chasing after magic recipes concocted in major centres.” the situation was similar in germany.
like hegel 150 years ago, most canadians see america as “the land of the future.”
the germans envied and admired their english cousins. the stability of the british crown under monarchs of german descent, and the prominence of the english aristocracy were objects of german wonder. contemporaries were enthralled by the english free market system, and the lively democracy that accompanied it. thus, it was impossible for hegel to develop a theory of modern society that did not take into account the english experience. as a result, his political theory was elaborated at second hand; more than anything else, hegel was a discerning observer of the english scene. own fascination with the english experience, as documented in capital , was precisely a product of influence.
the significance for the canadian connection is that hegel was constructing a model for an ideal government against the backdrop of rampant civil society. in the same way, i think canadian scholars are creating a vision of the ideal society that takes into account the experience of noisy southern neighbour. since time, world economic and cultural leadership has swung across the atlantic from england to the united states. this has given canada an excellent vantage point from which to view the activities of the latest nation. granted, however, that the distancing effect of language and the english channel for germany is not available to anglo-canadians, who have only a porous longest in the the highly dubious comfort of the north american free trade agreement, to protect us from our american cousins.
like hegel 150 years ago, most canadians see america still as “the land of the future.” yet we are more skeptical than europeans about the american dream, a skepticism shared by the german philosopher. protection of private property, relative immunity from public service, commercial profit and gain are the main themes of life in the u.s.a., hegel wrote. on one hand, the protestant religion provided the american people with general confidence and trust in others, and focused their efforts on the world of work. on the other, respect for law in this violent society was merely formal; and since protestantism exalted mere feeling as the most important element of faith, the result was a multitude of sects. these factors, hegel observed, have produced “unseemly varieties of caprice” in the national character.
trudeau said that living next to the united states was like sleeping with an elephant. he might have added, with hegel, that this was an elephant with a personality problem. “the principle [of] america,” hegel mused, is “incompleteness or constant non-fulfilment.” sharing a bed with an unfulfilled elephant has its own terrors, as a series of canadian prime ministers, from to mulroney, have learned to their cost.
iii.
linda hutcheon, in splitting images: contemporary canadian ironies, observes that irony underlies the pysche, and is a unique feature of canadian art and literature. she expressly excludes romantic irony from her discussion, its emphasis on anarchic more characteristic of american culture. interestingly, hegel in the aesthetics found romantic irony with its focus on indecision and alienation, inadequate to the creation of genuine art. yet i think hegel was the most ironic of philosophers, and this explains his peculiar attraction for canadians. after all, as irving layton suggests, “a canadian is a born sucker for anything that will tie [her] up in knots.”
hegel was writing for many audiences, a primary one being the prussian secret police.
concerning weather, politics, geography, or whatever, canada is a country of doubleness. we have the question, the issue, the dilemma, and the dichotomy. and linda hutcheon a chief characteristic of irony. “irony depends on some significant difference: a disparity, contrast, opposition, contradiction or incompatibility.”
for hutcheon, the ironic stance is an aspect of marginality, a condition we have seen was as relevant to hegel as to canadian thinkers today. she contends that irony is simultaneously subversive and authorizing, undercutting and excluding. it “disrupts any notions of meaning as single, stable, decidable, complete, closed, innocent, or transparent.” all this relates to hegel, whose writings are notoriously open to interpretation, fluid, self-referring, circular, and so forth. the philosophy of right, for example, can be seen as a text authorizing the prussian karl popper saw it. alternatively, it can be interpreted as a revolutionary critique of the existing system, as jay drydyk, a carleton university philosopher, has suggested in a series of articles. hegel was writing for many audiences, a primary one being the prussian secret this official audience in particular had a defining effect on prose style, it with many levels of irony.
irony involves secrets, and hidden meanings suddenly revealed. much commentary on not only that by on his cryptic, mysterious style. the first serious study of hegel in english, for example, a work by the scottish philosopher j.h. stirling, published 130 years ago, was called the secret of hegel. the noted french hegel scholar jacques claimed recently in hegel in his time that hegel is still in hiding. according to trent university philosopher, john burbidge in his hegel on logic and religion, enigmatic prose allows interpreters an especially satisfying form of wish-fulfillment: “each writer sees in hegel a version of his own image.”
hutcheon quotes gaile definition of irony in the syndrome. “nothing is ironic,” writes mcgregor, “unless it is juxtaposed with a countering ideal or at least set against a relatively preferable state of affairs” which does not have to be explicit but “does have to be accessible in terms of the work itself.” canadian commentary on hegel emphasizes the ideal aspect of his politics, not as a reactionary identification of the ideal with the real, but rather as the posing of a better form of life, which contrasts with, and grows from, the existing system.
this interpretation of hegel bears an interesting similarity with development. as hutcheon observes, “the very evolution into nationhood, unlike that of the united states, occurred within british institutions. is this how,” she asks, “canadians came to learn the subversive that speaks the language of tradition but implies a second level of meaning that can alter tradition from within?”
iv.
the centrality of public servants in the canadian fabric is another aspect of this hegel craze. for if marx was the prophet of the proletariat, hegel is the prophet of what alvin called the new class. this is the class of education and government employment; the class in which language and thought, as opposed to the market principle, dominate.
canadian intellectuals enjoy an intense association with the state unmatched in the united states, least since britain as well. pierre trudeau, after all, was a professor of constitutional law, and minister kim campbell griped about not getting tenure at ubc. because of the close relationship of the canadian state with culture, even some of our greatest artists have doubled as bureaucrats. as bertha wilson points out, this is an old scottish tradition also: robbie burns worked as an excise officer, and considered the job a great inspiration for his art. every other major figure in the scottish enlightenment trained and worked as a lawyer or judge. it may not be entirely irrelevant that canadian expatriate john kenneth galbraith is practically the only major voice in the united states pitched against the dominant trend to denigrate government bureaucrats, especially those he writes in the culture of “in the departments of government concerned with regulatory activity, tax collection and especially with welfare services.”
george grant marked it as one of major failings that he misunderstood and with the canadian public service, and even went so far as to place a corporate head in charge of the ottawa bureaucracy. “in such an uncertain country as canada,” grant opined, “the civil service is perhaps the essential instrument by which nationhood is preserved.” lawrence martin makes clear that one of the most poisonous legacies of the mulroney years was the deliberate weakening of the ottawa bureaucracy, a policy closely related to north american free trade. the attack on ottawa accelerated during the kim campbell interregnum, with the abrupt termination of almost 20 percent of the top rung of the public service, under the direction of convicted drunk driver, super minister bernard valcourt. with loud applause from editorialists and press pundits, the firings have been carried out in the manner possible, and without the due process promised under the public service act. the hysterical tory scorched earth policy in ottawa was the best indicator that the neoconservative era had reached its end.
hegel was a new class figure was marx, of course. yet unlike marx, who fled germany for the freedom of civil society, hegel remained an academic, making the inevitable compromises that are part of the life of a tenured professor. these compromises bought him time to create the most profound theoretical system we have; and also help explain his reception in this nation of compromises, our own canada.
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ʃɛr ðɪs ˈɛˌseɪ ðɪs ˈɛˌseɪ wɑz ərˈɪʤənəli ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1994 ˈɪʃu. aɪ. faɪv jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ə nu jɔrk lɔ ˈʤərnəl ˈspɑnsərd ə sɪmˈpoʊziəm ɔn ˈhɛgəl ənd lɔ. ˈʧɑrəlz ˈteɪlər, ðə ˌməntriˈɔl fəˈlɑsəfər, geɪv ðə ˈkiˌnoʊt ˈæˌdrɛs. ˈteɪlər ˈɑrgjud ðət ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈθɪri nidz tɪ bi ˌsəpləˌmɛntɪd wɪθ ə vju, ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ pəˈlɪtɪkəl fəˈlɑsəfi. rivˈjuɪŋ ən ˈɛdɪtɪd ˈvərʒən əv ðə sɪmˈpoʊziəm, ˈhɛgəl ənd ˈligəl ˈθɪri, ə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˌækəˈdɛmɪk kəmˈpleɪnd ðət ˈnɪrli ˈɛvəri kənˈtrɪbjətər ə kæp təˈwɔrd pəˈzɪʃən. bɪˈgɪnz tɪ gɪt ðə impression,”*,” ðə rivˈjuər roʊt ˈbɪtərli, ðə ˈʤərmən wɑz ˈsəmˌhaʊ ðə ˈɔθər əv ə bʊk ɔn ðə kəˈneɪdiən fəˈlɑsəfər, ˈrəðər ðən ðə ˈəðər weɪ around.”*.” g.w.f*. ˈhɛgəl, hu daɪd ɪn 1831 wɑz læst ɪn ðə greɪt laɪn əv ˈʤərmən aɪˈdiəˌlɪsts wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd fichte*, kænt, ənd ˈskɛlɪŋ. fər ˈrizənz aɪ wɔnt tɪ ɪkˈsplɔr ɪn ðɪs ˈɛˌseɪ, ˈhɛgəl ˈɔlsoʊ lumz lɑrʤ ɪn ˈkænədə. ˈsərtən brɔd hiˈʤiliən ˈprɪnsəpəlz ər pərˈɛniəl ɪn ðə ˈnɔrðərn ˈlænˌskeɪp. səm ər ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈfaʊndɪd ɪn ðə ˌkɑmənˈsɛns trəˈdɪʃən əv ðə ˈskɑtɪʃ əv genius”*” ðət ˈfɑloʊd ðət ækt əv ˈjunjən bɪtˈwin ˈɪŋglənd ənd ˈskɑtlənd ɪn 1707 ənd riʧt ɪts pik frəm 1730 tɪ 1790 ˈskɑtɪʃ ˈθɪŋkərz laɪk ˈdeɪvɪd hjum, ˈædəm smɪθ, ənd sər ʤeɪmz stɔɪɑrt hæd ə dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ˈhɛgəl. ðeɪ ənd ðɛr dɪˈsɛndənts ˈɔlsoʊ lɛft mɪˈstɪriəs ˈɛləmənt əv ɪn ðə kəˈneɪdiən psyche.”*.” ðə strɛŋθ əv ðət trəˈdɪʃən ɪz əˈfərmd baɪ ə ˈwɛlˈnoʊn ˌkælɪˈdoʊniən ˈɪməgrənt, hu, ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli, həz meɪd hər oʊn ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ ɪt. ərˈaɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈrɛnfru, ɑnˈtɛrioʊ ɪn 1949 ˈfɔrmər səˈprim kɔrt ˈʤəstɪs ˈbərθə ˈwɪlsən ðət ðə ˈkəntri tɪ wɪʧ aɪ hæd kəm wɑz mɔr ˈskɑtɪʃ ðən ðə wən aɪ lɛft behind!”*!” θæŋks tɪ ðə ˈskɑtɪʃ ˈɪnfluəns, bɪˈlif ɪn kəmˈjunɪti ənd ɪn ðə aɪˈdɛntəˌti əv ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ənd ˈækʃən ər ki ˈfiʧərz əv əv kəˈneɪdiən ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəl laɪf. pərˈhæps ˈɪnfluəns ɪz tɪ bi ɪkˈspɛktɪd ɪn ə ˈneɪʃən wɛr kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən kəmz ʤɪst bɪˈloʊ ˈklɛnlinɪs ɛz ə juˈnik moʊd əv ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə ˈhɛvənli ˈkɪŋdəm. wi wʊd ˈsunər tɔk ɔn ə ˈsɛljələr foʊn ðən faɪt. fər ˈhɛgəl, ˈfridəm ənd ɪkˈwɑləti ər ˈpraɪˌmɛri əˈʧivmənts əv steɪts ˈrəðər ðən smɪθ ˌnɑtwɪθˈstændɪŋ, əˈnəðər ˈskɑtɪʃ ˈbɑroʊɪŋ. ðɪs vju suts ə ˈneɪʃən ðət ˈfeɪvərz ““peace*, ˈɔrdər, ənd gʊd government”*” ˈoʊvər ðə juz. ˈkridoʊ, ““life*, ˈlɪbərˌti, ənd ðə pərˈsut əv happiness.”*.” hir, ˈmoʊtərˌsaɪkəl ˈraɪdərz ər rikˈwaɪərd tɪ wɛr ˈhɛlməts, ənd ˈmoʊtərɪsts məst ˈfæsən ðɛr ˈsitˌbɛlts. ɪf ˈɪnʤərd, ðeɪ kən ɪkˈspɛkt ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr. ɪn ˈmɛni juz. steɪts, ˈmoʊtərˌsaɪklɪsts kən lɛt ðɛr hɛr bloʊ ɪn ðə wɪnd, ənd kɑr ˈɑkjəpənts nid nɑt ˈbəkəl əp. bət ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɪl nɑt bi ðɛr fər ðɛm ɪf ðeɪ gɪt skwɑʃt ɪn ən ˈæksədənt. soʊ fɑr ɛz aɪ æm əˈwɛr, noʊ əbˈzərvər əv kəˈneɪdiən ˈpɑləˌtɪks həz rɪˈmɑrkt ɔn ðə kloʊz rɪˈzɛmbləns bɪtˈwin ʤɑn ˈskaʊlɪŋ ˈvɪzəʤ ənd ðə hɛd əv feɪmd aʊl əv mɪˈnərvə, wɪʧ flaɪz ˈoʊnli æt dəsk. bət ɪf ʤɔrʤ grænt wɑz raɪt ɪn hɪz ˈklæsɪk, ləˈmɛnt fər ə ˈneɪʃən, aʊl ˈsɪgnəld ˈɔnˌkəmɪŋ glum fər kəˈneɪdiən ˈnæʃənəˌlɪzəm, æt list ɪn ɪts ˈtɔri ˈvərʒən. ˈkeɪnək ˈθɪŋkərz wɪθ ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈhɛgəl hæv riʧt ə wərld ˈɔdiəns ˈmɛni taɪmz. baɪ ˈkɑntræst, ˈmɪnɪstər braɪən ˌənˈkɑnʃəs ˈfiəlti tɪ hiˈʤiliən ˈpriˌsɛpts ɪz ˈwɛlˈnoʊn. ɪn plɛʤ əv əˈliʤəns: ðə əˌmɛrɪkənəˈzeɪʃən əv ˈkænədə ɪn ðə məˈlroʊni jɪrz, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈlɔrəns ˈmɑrtɪn kwoʊts ˈdeɪvɪd ˈkrɑmbi əˈlɔŋ ðiz laɪnz. ðə ˈtaɪni ˈpərˌfɪkt tərˈɑntoʊ ˈwɔtərˌfrənt zɑr rɪˈmɑrkt ðət braɪən məˈlroʊni ðə kloʊðz əv ðə deɪ, ənd nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli səʧ ə bæd θɪŋ fər ə ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən. ə laɪn frəm ˈhɛgəl əˈbaʊt ðə wɪnd əv gɑd ɪn ðə triz. ju kæʧ ɪt ənd hæŋ ɔn. soʊ wət hi sɔ wɑz ˈθæʧər ənd ˈrigən ɛz ˈhɪroʊz əv ðə deɪ. ənd aɪ hæv ə ˈfilɪŋ ðət ɪf ˈfɪʃərmɪn gɑt tɪ ðə hɛd əv ðə laɪn təˈmɑˌroʊ, məˈlroʊni wʊd hæv ˈrəbər buts ɔn. ənd aɪ min ðət ɪn ə ˈfoʊni way.”*.” ˈθæŋkfəli, wɪnd əv gɑd həz bloʊn məˈlroʊni aʊt əv ˈsəsɪks draɪv, bət ðə ˈʤərmən fəˈlɑsəfər rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn pleɪs; ənd ˈtɛmptɪŋ ɛz ɪt ɪz tɪ dɪsˈmɪs ˈʧɑrəlz ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən ɛz ə ˈsɪŋgjələr əˈnɑməli, ˈkeɪnək ˈθɪŋkərz wɪθ ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈhɛgəl hæv riʧt ə wərld ˈɔdiəns ˈmɛni taɪmz ɪn ðə læst ˈsɛnʧəri. ðɪs fɔrmz ə ki ˈɑrgjəmənt ɪn ˈlɛsli ənd ɪˈlɪzəbɪθ ˈpaʊərfəl ˈhɪstəri əv kəˈneɪdiən ˈfeɪsɪz əv ˈrizən. ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋli, ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən ɪn ðə ˈklaʊdi əv ˈhɛgəl ˈstədiz ɪz ˈizəli ɪˈklɪpst baɪ (ənd victoria’s*) ˈhɛnri ɛs. ˈhɛrɪs, baɪˈɑgrəfər, ənd mæʧt baɪ eɪˈmil fackenheim*, ə tərˈɑntoʊ fəˈlɑsəfər naʊ rɪˈtaɪrd ɪn ˈɪzriəl. prəˈpɔrʃənətli, ˈkænədə meɪ ˈproʊdus mɔr ərˈɪʤənəl wərk ɔn ˈhɛgəl ðən ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈneɪʃən. ənd ðɪs ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli du tɪ ðə bɪg θri: ˈhɛrɪs, ˈteɪlər ənd fackenheim*. ˌpaɪəˈnɪrɪŋ ˈfɛmənɪst ˈrɛndərɪŋz əv ˈhɛgəl səʧ ɛz ðə ˈpɑləˌtɪks əv ˌriprəˈdəkʃən baɪ ˈmɛri ənd ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl ənd ˈwʊmən question’*’: ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən ənd intersubjectivity”*” baɪ pəˈtrɪʃə mɪlz ər ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri. ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈskɑlər ʤɑn tɑuz, hu roʊt ðə ki ˈstədi əv ənd wən ə məˈkɑrθər praɪz ɪn ðə ˈbɑrgɪn, simz tɪ bi ən ɪkˈsɛpʃən tɪ ðə ˈkeɪnək rul; bət ɪt tərnz aʊt hi heɪlz frəm ˈmɛnəˌnaɪt ˈkəntri ɪn ˌmænɪˈtoʊbə. stɪl, pərˈhæps ˈkəntri ənd ˈwɛstərn greɪt, ““stompin'”*'” tɑm ˈkɑnərz, wʊd bi ˈskɛptɪkəl əv ðə ˈlætər tu ˈɛntrənts. ɛz hi sɛd əv hæŋk snoʊ, ðə juz əv biɪŋ ə kəˈneɪdiən ɪf ju lɪv here?”*?” θɔt ɪz praɪˈmɛrəli əˈbaʊt ˌsɛlfˈkɑnʃəsnəs ənd ðə ˈpɑləˌtɪks əv ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən. ə ˈpipəl soʊ ˈsɛnsɪtɪv əˈbaʊt ðiz ˈɪʃuz kʊd du noʊ ˈbɛtər ðən ɪmˈbreɪs hɪz ˈlɛsən ðət ðə ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪk əv ˈmæstər ənd sleɪv lidz tɪ ˈfridəm fər ðə ˈəndərˌdɔg. ɪn ˈkænədə, ˈkɑntɛst bɪˈkəmz ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl ˈrɛsəlɪŋ ˈmæʧɪz wɪθ kəˈloʊniəl ˈmæstərz, frəm fræns tɪ ˈbrɪtən tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ɪt spiks tɪ ˈstraɪvɪŋ fər ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ənd ˈkəlʧər, ənd ˌɪˈluməˌneɪts ðə kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈstrəgəl əv ˈneɪtɪv ˈpipəlz ənd kəˈneɪdiən ˈwərkərz əˈgɛnst ən ˈɛrəgənt ənd dɪˈstræktɪd ˈrulɪŋ klæs ɪn ləv wɪθ wɔl strit. ðə fəˈnɑməˌnɑlɑˌgi əv ˈspɪrɪt, wərk, ɪz əˈbaʊt ðə əˈsɛnt əv ˈkɑnʃəsnəs tɪ self-discovery*, ə ˈʤərni fjuəld baɪ ˈkɑnflɪkt ənd ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkʃən. ˈmɛni hæv ˈnoʊtɪd ðə ˈstɑrtlɪŋ rɪˈvərsəlz ənd ˌɪŋˌkɑmprəˈhɛnsɪbəl plɑt twɪsts ɪn ˈmæstərˌpis. nɑt ðə list əv ðiz, ɛz ˈkɑrltən pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsaɪəntɪst tɑm ˈdɑrbi həz ʃoʊn ɪn hɪz bʊk ðə fist, ɪz ðət ˈkɑnʃəsnəs ɪz ə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ˈfiˌmeɪl ənd meɪl, ən androgyne*. ˈbætəl tɪ kriˈeɪt ə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən meɪ bi ðə ˈkloʊsəst ˈnæʃənəl ˈpɛrəˌlɛl tɪ ðə ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd vɔɪəʤ əv ðə fəˈnɑməˌnɑlɑˌgi. ənˈdaʊtɪdli, ɛz ə ˈroʊmæns əv ˈnæʃənəl ˈkɑnʃəsnəs, kəmˈplit wɪθ ˈmɪdˌnaɪt ˈfæksɪz, ˈgɔrʤəs ˈsinəri, ənd nəˈfɛriəs ˈkɛrɪktərz, ˈnəθɪŋ kʊd ˈikwəl ˈdɛbərə roʊl əv ðə daɪs: ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ klaɪd wɛlz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə miʧ leɪk nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz. ˈæbsənt frəm tɛkst, ˈspɪrɪt ɪz ˈnɛvər fɑr əˈweɪ. p.e*. truˈdoʊ ˈnɛvər ˈkɑŋkərd ðə wərld, bət hi dɪd brɪŋ daʊn ðə ˈʃɑrlətˌtaʊn əˈgrimənt. ˈraɪtɪŋ ˌbiˈfɔr miʧ leɪk, əˈmɛrɪkən fəˈlɑsəfər ju məˈkəmbər ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət ðə flaʊərɪŋ əv hiˈʤiliən thought”*” ɪn ˈkænədə maɪt bi du tɪ ən ˈoʊpənɪŋ əv ðə tu ðət hæv dɪˈfaɪnd ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈsaɪki. ˈsərtənli, meɪ bi faʊnd ɔn ˈiðər saɪd əv ðə riˈækʃən tɪ ðə miʧ fiˈæskoʊ. wən səʧ ɪz ˈkælgəri pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsaɪəntɪst ˈbɛri ˈkupər, hu prəˈnaʊnst ðə ɛnd əv ˈhɪstəri ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə ˈdɛkeɪd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə juz. ˈfrænsɪs ˌfuˌkuˈjɑmə. ə ˈɪnfluənst baɪ ðə fəˈlɑsəfər kojève*, ˈkupər həz ˈbɪdɪn ənd gʊd luck”*” tɪ kwəˈbɛk (ʃɔrn əv ɪts ˈnɔrðərn ˈtɛrəˌtɔriz ənd ðə saʊθ bæŋk əv ðə st*. ˈlɔrəns) ɪn deconfederation*: ˈkænədə wɪˈθaʊt kwəˈbɛk. hi ənd ˈdeɪvɪd wʊd ənˈloʊd tərˈɑntoʊ doʊˈmeɪn tɪ ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈvɛstərz fər 100 ˈmɪljən. ðɛr ˈvɪʒən əv ˈkænədə ɪz ðə ˈəltəmət dɪˈvaɪs: ˈɔkʃən ə ˈprɑvɪns. ˈʧɑrəlz ˈteɪlər, baɪ ˈkɑntræst, pləgz əˈweɪ æt ðə pəˈzɪʃən, ɪn wɪʧ ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən əv ðə kəˈlɛktɪv raɪts əv ˈnæʃənəlɪsts wʊd hɛlp bɪld ə nu ˈkəntri ə mɔr dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd canada.”*.” ɪn ɪn ˈrɛkənˌsaɪlɪŋ ðə tu, wɪʧ ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ðə ˈʃɑrlətˌtaʊn wʊd hæv ˈoʊvər ˈleɪbər, kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz, ˈægrɪˌkəlʧər ənd fisheries”*” əˈməŋ ˈəðərz. ˈnæʧərəli, ˈkænədə wʊd ˈʃipɪʃli kənˈtɪnju tɪ lɑrd ðə kwəˈbɛk pɔrk ˈbɛrəl, ər, ɛz ðə ˌməntriˈɔl fəˈlɑsəfər ˈdɛləkətli pʊts ɪt, meɪnˈteɪn ˈsɪstəm əv ˌikwəlɪˈzeɪʃən bɪtˈwin ðə regions.”*.” wɪθ ðə blɑk naʊ ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ðɪs hiˈʤiliən ˈvɪʒən ɪz bɪˈgɪnɪŋ tɪ lʊk laɪk ˌriˈæləˌti. ˈʧælənʤ tɪ piɛr ˈɛliət 1965 rən ɪn maʊnt rɔɪəl meɪ nɑt hæv bɪn ə ɪˈvɛnt, bət ɪn kəˈneɪdiən tərmz ɪt məst ræŋk wɪθ ˈsaɪtɪŋ əv nəˈpoʊljən ɔn ˈhɔrsˌbæk ˈæftər ðə frɛnʧ dɪˈfitɪd ˈprəʃə æt ðə 1806 ˈbætəl əv ˈʤinə. sɔ ðə emperor,”*,” ˈhɛgəl roʊt tɪ ə frɛnd æt ðə taɪm. sɔ ðə aʊt əv ðə ˈsɪti ɔn riˈkɑnəsəns. ɪt ɪz ˌɪnˈdid ə ˈwəndərfəl sɛnˈseɪʃən tɪ si səʧ ən ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl, hu, ˈkɔnsənˌtreɪtɪd hir æt ə ˈsɪŋgəl pɔɪnt, ˈriʧɪz aʊt ˈoʊvər ðə wərld ənd ˈmæstərz it.”*.” p.e*. truˈdoʊ ˈnɛvər ˈkɑŋkərd ðə wərld, bət hi dɪd brɪŋ daʊn ðə black-mailers'”*'” ˈʃɑrlətˌtaʊn əˈgrimənt wɪθ ə brif tɔk ˈæftər ə ʧaɪˈniz ˈdɪnər ɪn ˌməntriˈɔl. æt list, soʊ ˈɑrgjuz ʤɑn ɛf. ˈkɑnˌweɪ ɪn hɪz ˈsplɛndɪd əˈkaʊnt əv kəˈneɪdiən ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl ˈhɪstəri, dɛts tɪ peɪ: ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈkænədə ənd kwəˈbɛk frəm ðə ˈkɑŋkwɛst tɪ ðə ˌrɛfərˈɛndəm. ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli, ðə ˌɪmˈbroʊˌljoʊ lɛd tɪ səm streɪnʤ rɪˈvərsəlz. ɪn ə pis ɪn ˈrɛkənˌsaɪlɪŋ ðə tu: ˈɛˌseɪz ɔn kəˈneɪdiən ˈfɛdərəˌlɪzəm ənd ˈnæʃənəˌlɪzəm), fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈʧɑrəlz ˈteɪlər dɪsˈmɪst ““trudeaumania”*” ɛz ən əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkɑpiˌkæt ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən, mɔr fɔrm ðən ˈsəbstəns. truˈdoʊ wʊd ˈnɛvər ðə teacups”*” əv ðə ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt, ðə fəˈlɑsəfər kleɪmd. tˈwɛnti jɪrz ˈleɪtər ˈteɪlər wʊd əkˈsɛpt ðə ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən əv ðə ˈbɪznɪs ˈkaʊnsəl fər ˈnæʃənəl ˈɪʃuz tɪ træʃ rejectors”*” ənd ˈəðər ˈweɪwərd soʊlz waɪl ˈprɪnsəpəld ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə əv ˈkænədə wʊd ˈəpˌsɛt ðə əv ˈbæŋkərz ənd ˈkɔrpərət ˈlidərz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri. ə dɪˈsaɪpəl əv ˈbrɪtɪʃ aɪˈdilɪst ti. eɪʧ. grin, truˈdoʊ meɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli bi bɛst hiˈʤiliən, ɛz wi ʃæl si bɪˈloʊ. ɪn ˈɛni ɪˈvɛnt, ənd ðə ˈnæʃənəl kˈwɛʃən goʊ təˈgɛðər. ˈʤərməni ɪn taɪm wɑz əˈwɑʃ wɪθ ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl ˈɪʃuz, ənd, laɪk ɑr oʊn ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl ˈseɪʤɪz, hi səbˈmɪtəd ə fju səˈluʃənz əv hɪz oʊn. ˈʤərməni wɑz nɑt ə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkəntri bət ə kəˈlɛkʃən əv ˈmɛni ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt steɪts. muv tɪ bərˈlɪn ɪn 1818 rɪˈflɛktɪd ðə mægˈnɛtɪk fɔrs əv ˈprəʃə, wɪʧ wɑz sun tɪ pʊl təˈgɛðər ðə ˈʤərmən ˈneɪʃən; dɪˈspaɪt ðə ˈpɑpjələr mɪθ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hi wɑz ˈnɛvər ə fæn əv ðə ˈprəʃən ˈmɑnɑrki. hɪz læst wərk, ə ˈpaʊərfəl æˈnælɪsɪs əv ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ðə 1831 ˈɪŋlɪʃ rɪˈfɔrm bɪl, wɑz bænd ɪn pɑrt baɪ ðə ˈkaɪzər. ii*. ˈhɛgəl ɪz ˈɔfən ˌmɪsrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ɛz ə ˈləvər əv bɪg ˈgəvərnmənt, ə fəˈlɑsəfər wɪθ ˈtɛndənsi tɪ ðə state,”*,” ɛz ˈfɪlɪp ˈrɛznɪk səˈʤɛsts ɪn hɪz ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˈvæljəbəl ðə mæsks əv proteus*: kəˈneɪdiən rɪˈflɛkʃənz ɔn ðə steɪt. bət ˈrisənt ˈrisərʧ həz ɪˈstæblɪʃt dip kəˈmɪtmənt tɪ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl raɪts. ðɪs ˈskɑlərˌʃɪp həz rɪˈvaɪvd ðə ˈkɑnsɛpts əv ˈbrɪtɪʃ aɪˈdilɪzəm, ənd əˈspɛʃəli ðoʊz əv ðə kəˈneɪdiən, ʤɑn ˈwɑtsən, hu lumd lɑrʤ ɪn θɔt æt ðə tərn əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ˈwɑtsən wɑz ðə fərst tɪ kleɪm ðət ˈkænədə wɑz tru hoʊm, sɪns ðə ˈʤərmənz hæd lɔŋ sɪns əˈbændənd hɪz fəˈlɑsəfi. kənˈsɛpʃən əv ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl prəˈvaɪdz ˈplɛnti əv rum fər kəˈlɛktɪv goʊlz. ɪn pərˈspɛktɪv, ðə ˈloʊkəs əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl raɪt ɪz faʊnd ɪn ðə raɪt tɪ ˈprɑpərti; ə kənˈʤəŋkʃən ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd əˈpɑn baɪ c.b*. məkˈfɪrsən, hu ˈnoʊtɪd raɪz ənd fɔl əv ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈʤəstɪs, ðət ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈminɪŋ əv ˈprɑpərti rɪˈfərd tɪ ˈprɑpərti ɪn ˈpərsən, laɪf ənd ˈlɪbərˌti, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈwərldli goods.”*.” ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl, ənˈlaɪk ʤɑn locke’s*, ɪz proʊˈfaʊndli ˈsoʊʃəl. hər ˈdɛstəni laɪz nɑt ʤɪst ɪn ðə kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv ˈmɑrkɪtˌpleɪs, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ɪn ðə ˈoʊvərˌɑrʧɪŋ ˌriˈæləˌti əv ðə steɪt, ɔn wən hænd, ənd ðə ˈpərsɪnəl əv ˈfæməli laɪf, ɔn ðə ˈəðər. ɛz ˈlɛsli ˈɑrmər dɪˈklɛrz ɪn ðə aɪˈdiə əv ˈkænədə ənd ðə ˈkraɪsəs əv kəmˈjunɪti, ðə ˈfɔrˌmoʊst kəˈneɪdiən fəˈlɑsəfərz hæv ˈsɪmələrli ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzd ðə ˈnoʊʃən əv kəmˈjunɪti wɛˈnɛvər ðeɪ spoʊk əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz; ənd ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt əv kəmˈjunɪti ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz ˈjuʒəwəli sin baɪ ðɛm ɪn ˌplʊrəˈlɪstɪk tərmz. kənˈsɛpʃən əv ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl prəˈvaɪdz ˈplɛnti əv rum fər kəˈlɛktɪv goʊlz, ənd ðəs ˈvæləˌdeɪts ˈʧɑrəlz ˈmɑdəl əv ə dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd ˈkænədə (ɛz wɛl ɛz baɪˈlɪŋgwəˌlɪzəm ˈprɑʤɛkt). jɛt, ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən, ðə əv hiˈʤiliən ˌɪndɪvɪˈduəˌlɪzəm, ɪz pɪˈkjuljərli ˈlækɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈɛləmənt ˈhɛgəl ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd əˈpɑn. fər simz ˌənəˈwɛr əv ə ˈsɪmələr ˈɑrgjəmənt baɪ kəˈneɪdiən ɛkˈspeɪtriˌeɪt ˌsoʊsiˈɑləʤɪst, ˈərˌvɪŋ bɔɪlz daʊn tɪ ðə ˈsɪmpəl ˈjumən nid iʧ əv ˈjuˈɛs həz tɪ bi ækˈnɑlɪʤd baɪ əˈnəðər. ðəs, ju fil əˈfrəntɪd ɪf ˈsəmˌwən feɪlz tɪ rɪˈtərn ə ˈgritɪŋ ju ˈɔfər ɔn ðə strit. ɔn ə ˈlɑrʤər skeɪl, sɪz ˈteɪlər, ðɪs ɪkˈspleɪnz ˈæŋgər wɪn ðə rɛst əv ˈkænədə rɪˈʤɛktɪd ðə society”*” klɔz ɪn ðə miʧ leɪk əˈkɔrd, ənd, ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt, rɪfˈjuzd ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən tɪ ðə kwəˈbɛk ˈneɪʃən. ˈteɪlər ˌsəbˈmɪts ðət ðə nid fər ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən ɪz ˌmɪsəndərˈstʊd baɪ ˈfɛmənɪsts, blæk ˈæktɪvɪsts, ənd ˈəðərz, ɛz ðə ˌɪlɪˈʤɪtəmɪt ˈɛksərˌsaɪz əv ˌɛkˌsplɔɪˈteɪʃən ənd ðə pɑrt əv ðoʊz hu wɪθˈhoʊld ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən. ə ˈsɪmpəl nid fər ˈtɑlərəns əv dɪˈvərsɪti ɪz trænsˈfɔrmd, hi sɪz, ˈɪntu ə ˈstrəgəl fər ˈʤəstɪs. ɛz aɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ɪt, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, pɔɪnt ɪz ðət wɪθˈdrɔəl əv ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən əˈmaʊnts tɪ prɪˈsaɪsli ən ækt əv ˈvaɪələns, əv ˌɛkˌsplɔɪˈteɪʃən. ðə ˈfeɪljər tɪ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ðə sleɪv ɪz nɑt ˈsɪmpli ə dɪˈnaɪəl əv dɪˈvərsɪti, ˈɛni mɔr ðən ɑr ˈitɪŋ əv ən ˈæpəl ɪz ˈgraʊndɪd ɪn səm ˈkɑzmɪk læk əv ʃɛrd ˈvæljuz bɪtˈwin ˈjumən ənd frut. ðə ˈpərsən hu ɪz ənˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd dɪz nɑt ɪgˈzɪst fər ðə ˈəðər ɛz ˈjumən, ənd ðɪs fəˈsɪləˌteɪts ən ɪnˈtaɪər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm əv ˌɛkˌsplɔɪˈteɪʃən ənd ˈvaɪələns. fər ˈhɛgəl, ðə ˈkæpətəlɪst wɪʧ ðə raɪt tɪ ə ʤɑb, ˈprɑpərti, gʊd hɛlθ, ənd ə ˈdisənt fˈjuʧər fər hər ˈfæməli ər ˈkɑnstəntli ɪn praɪˈmɛrəli ə ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm əv non-recognition*, əv ˌɛkˌsplɔɪˈteɪʃən. ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ðɪs wɑz ˈmɛsɪʤ ɪn ðə ˈfeɪməs ˈmeɪzən ɛg roʊl spiʧ ɪn ˌməntriˈɔl, mɛs ðət dɪˈzərvz ə bɪg no.”*.” ðə ˈʃɑrlətˌtaʊn kənˈsɛnsəs mɛnt mɔr ðən ˈoʊpən əkˈsɛptəns əv ðə frɛnʧ fækt, truˈdoʊ wɔrnd. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈpoʊzd wɪθˈdrɔəl əv ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən, əv ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk raɪts, frəm ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr grups əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz, ənd ə ˈhaɪˌrɑrki əv raɪts fər ˈəðərz. ˌdɪsˈmæntlɪŋ ˈfɛdərəl paʊər mɛnt ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ iʧ ˈsɪtɪzən tɪ ˈkɔrpərət ˈtɪrəni. iʧ ˈsɪtɪzən ɪz nɑt ˈikwəl tɪ ɔl ˈəðər ˈsɪtɪzənz ɪn ə steɪt, wi ər feɪst wɪθ ə dɪkˈteɪtərˌʃɪp, wɪʧ ərˈeɪnʤɪz ˈsɪtɪzənz ɪn ə ˈhaɪˌrɑrki əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðɛr bɪˈlifs. ənd wɪn ə ˈpərsən lɪvz ˈəndər ðə reɪn əv ənˈbraɪdəld ˈkæpɪtəˌlɪzəm, ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈʃɛrɪŋ ənd ˈʤəstɪs ðət prɪˈveɪl, bət ˈrəðər ðə lɔ əv səˈplaɪ ənd dɪˈmænd. ðə ˌɪmˈplækəbəl ˈmɑrkɪt ˌdɪˈsaɪdz haʊ wɛlθ ɪz distributed.”*.” ə ˈvaɪtəl pɑrt əv ðə kəˈnɛkʃən bɪtˈwin ˈhɛgəl ənd ˈkænədə meɪ bi ɑr ˈəndərˌdɔg ˈstætəs ˈrɛlətɪv tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ɪn ˈmɛni weɪz, ðɪs wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə riˈleɪʃən əv ˈʤərməni tɪ ˈɪŋglənd ɪn ðə tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ðət bɪtˈwin ˈskɑtlənd ənd ˈɪŋglənd ɛz wɛl. ““why,”*,” æsk ˈɑrmər ənd trɑt, wi faɪnd ɑr ənd ɔn ðə frɪnʤ əv ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən ənd nɑt ɪn ˈpɛrɪs, roʊm, ər london?”*?” marginality*, sɪz ˈʧɑrəlz ˈteɪlər, brɪŋz wɪθ ɪt ə ˈtɛndənsi tɪ lʊk fər ˌjunəˈvərsəl truθ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ɑr ˈbɔrdərz. ðɛn θɪŋk əv ɑrˈsɛlvz ɛz ˈʧeɪsɪŋ ˈæftər ˈmæʤɪk ˈrɛsəpiz kənˈkɑktəd ɪn ˈmeɪʤər centres.”*.” ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən wɑz ˈsɪmələr ɪn ˈʤərməni. laɪk ˈhɛgəl 150 jɪrz əˈgoʊ, moʊst kəˈneɪdiənz si əˈmɛrɪkə ɛz lænd əv ðə future.”*.” ðə ˈʤərmənz ˈɛnvid ənd ədˈmaɪərd ðɛr ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈkəzənz. ðə stəˈbɪlɪti əv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ kraʊn ˈəndər ˈmɑˌnɑrks əv ˈʤərmən dɪˈsɛnt, ənd ðə ˈprɑmənəns əv ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˌɛrəˈstɑkrəsi wər ˈɑbʤɛkts əv ˈʤərmən ˈwəndər. kənˈtɛmpərˌɛriz wər ɛnθˈrɔld baɪ ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ fri ˈmɑrkɪt ˈsɪstəm, ənd ðə ˈlaɪvli dɪˈmɑkrəsi ðət əˈkəmpənid ɪt. ðəs, ɪt wɑz ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl fər ˈhɛgəl tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ə ˈθɪri əv ˈmɑdərn soʊˈsaɪɪti ðət dɪd nɑt teɪk ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ ɪkˈspɪriəns. ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt, hɪz pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈθɪri wɑz ɪˈlæbəreɪtəd æt ˈsɛkənd hænd; mɔr ðən ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɛls, ˈhɛgəl wɑz ə dɪˈsərnɪŋ əbˈzərvər əv ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ sin. oʊn ˌfæsəˈneɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ ɪkˈspɪriəns, ɛz ˈdɑkjəˌmɛnəd ɪn ˈkæpɪtəl wɑz prɪˈsaɪsli ə ˈprɑdəkt əv ˈɪnfluəns. ðə sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns fər ðə kəˈneɪdiən kəˈnɛkʃən ɪz ðət ˈhɛgəl wɑz kənˈstrəktɪŋ ə ˈmɑdəl fər ən aɪˈdil ˈgəvərnmənt əˈgɛnst ðə ˈbækˌdrɑp əv ˈræmpənt ˈsɪvəl soʊˈsaɪɪti. ɪn ðə seɪm weɪ, aɪ θɪŋk kəˈneɪdiən ˈskɑlərz ər kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə ˈvɪʒən əv ðə aɪˈdil soʊˈsaɪɪti ðət teɪks ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns əv ˈnɔɪzi ˈsəðərn ˈneɪbər. sɪns taɪm, wərld ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ənd ˈkəlʧərəl ˈlidərˌʃɪp həz swəŋ əˈkrɔs ðə əˈtlæntɪk frəm ˈɪŋglənd tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ðɪs həz ˈgɪvɪn ˈkænədə ən ˈɛksələnt ˈvæntɪʤ pɔɪnt frəm wɪʧ tɪ vju ðə ækˈtɪvɪtiz əv ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈneɪʃən. ˈgrænɪd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðət ðə ˈdɪstənsɪŋ ˈifɛkt əv ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ənd ðə ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈʧænəl fər ˈʤərməni ɪz nɑt əˈveɪləbəl tɪ anglo-canadians*, hu hæv ˈoʊnli ə ˈpɔrəs ˈlɔŋgɪst ɪn ðə ðə ˈhaɪli ˈdubiəs ˈkəmfərt əv ðə nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkən fri treɪd əˈgrimənt, tɪ prəˈtɛkt ˈjuˈɛs frəm ɑr əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkəzənz. laɪk ˈhɛgəl 150 jɪrz əˈgoʊ, moʊst kəˈneɪdiənz si əˈmɛrɪkə stɪl ɛz lænd əv ðə future.”*.” jɛt wi ər mɔr ˈskɛptɪkəl ðən ˌjʊrəˈpiənz əˈbaʊt ðə əˈmɛrɪkən drim, ə ˈskɛptɪˌsɪzəm ʃɛrd baɪ ðə ˈʤərmən fəˈlɑsəfər. prəˈtɛkʃən əv ˈpraɪvət ˈprɑpərti, ˈrɛlətɪv ˌɪmˈjunɪti frəm ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs, kəˈmərʃəl ˈprɑfɪt ənd geɪn ər ðə meɪn θimz əv laɪf ɪn ðə u.s.a*., ˈhɛgəl roʊt. ɔn wən hænd, ðə ˈprɑtəstənt rɪˈlɪʤən prəˈvaɪdɪd ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpipəl wɪθ ˈʤɛnərəl ˈkɑnfədɛns ənd trəst ɪn ˈəðərz, ənd ˈfoʊkɪst ðɛr ˈɛfərts ɔn ðə wərld əv wərk. ɔn ðə ˈəðər, rɪˈspɛkt fər lɔ ɪn ðɪs ˈvaɪələnt soʊˈsaɪɪti wɑz ˈmɪrli ˈfɔrməl; ənd sɪns ˈprɑtəstənˌtɪzəm ɪgˈzɔltɪd mɪr ˈfilɪŋ ɛz ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈɛləmənt əv feɪθ, ðə rɪˈzəlt wɑz ə ˈməltəˌtud əv sɛkts. ðiz ˈfæktərz, ˈhɛgəl əbˈzərvd, hæv prəˈdust vərˈaɪətiz əv caprice”*” ɪn ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈkɛrɪktər. truˈdoʊ sɛd ðət ˈlɪvɪŋ nɛkst tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts wɑz laɪk sˈlipɪŋ wɪθ ən ˈɛləfənt. hi maɪt hæv ˈædɪd, wɪθ ˈhɛgəl, ðət ðɪs wɑz ən ˈɛləfənt wɪθ ə ˌpərsəˈnælɪti ˈprɑbləm. ˈprɪnsəpəl [əv] america,”*,” ˈhɛgəl mjuzd, ɪz ər ˈkɑnstənt non-fulfilment.”*.” ˈʃɛrɪŋ ə bɛd wɪθ ən ˌənfʊlˈfɪld ˈɛləfənt həz ɪts oʊn ˈtɛrərz, ɛz ə ˈsɪriz əv kəˈneɪdiən praɪm ˈmɪnɪstərz, frəm tɪ məˈlroʊni, hæv ˈlərnɪd tɪ ðɛr kɔst. iii*. ˈlɪndə ˈhəʧiən, ɪn ˈsplɪtɪŋ ˈɪmɪʤɪz: kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri kəˈneɪdiən ˈaɪrəniz, əbˈzərvz ðət ˈaɪrəni ˌəndərˈlaɪz ðə pysche*, ənd ɪz ə juˈnik ˈfiʧər əv kəˈneɪdiən ɑrt ənd ˈlɪtərəʧər. ʃi ɛkˈsprɛsli ɪkˈskludz roʊˈmæntɪk ˈaɪrəni frəm hər dɪˈskəʃən, ɪts ˈɛmfəsɪs ɔn æˈnɑrkɪk mɔr ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪk əv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkəlʧər. ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋli, ˈhɛgəl ɪn ðə ɛsˈθɛtɪks faʊnd roʊˈmæntɪk ˈaɪrəni wɪθ ɪts ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˌɪndɪˈsɪʒən ənd ˌeɪliəˈneɪʃən, ˌɪˈnædəkˌweɪt tɪ ðə kriˈeɪʃən əv ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪn ɑrt. jɛt aɪ θɪŋk ˈhɛgəl wɑz ðə moʊst aɪˈrɑnɪk əv fəˈlɑsəfərz, ənd ðɪs ɪkˈspleɪnz hɪz pɪˈkjuljər əˈtrækʃən fər kəˈneɪdiənz. ˈæftər ɔl, ɛz ˈərvɪŋ ˈleɪtən səˈʤɛsts, kəˈneɪdiən ɪz ə bɔrn ˈsəkər fər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət wɪl taɪ [hər] əp ɪn knots.”*.” ˈhɛgəl wɑz ˈraɪtɪŋ fər ˈmɛni ˈɔdiənsəz, ə ˈpraɪˌmɛri wən biɪŋ ðə ˈprəʃən ˈsikrɪt pəˈlis. kənˈsərnɪŋ ˈwɛðər, ˈpɑləˌtɪks, ʤiˈɑgrəfi, ər ˌwəˈtɛvər, ˈkænədə ɪz ə ˈkəntri əv doubleness*. wi hæv ðə kˈwɛʃən, ðə ˈɪʃu, ðə dɪˈlɛmə, ənd ðə daɪˈkɑtəmi. ənd ˈlɪndə ˈhəʧiən ə ʧif ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪk əv ˈaɪrəni. dɪˈpɛndz ɔn səm sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈdɪfərəns: ə dɪˈspɛrəti, ˈkɑntræst, ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən, ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkʃən ər incompatibility.”*.” fər ˈhəʧiən, ðə aɪˈrɑnɪk stæns ɪz ən ˈæˌspɛkt əv marginality*, ə kənˈdɪʃən wi hæv sin wɑz ɛz ˈrɛləvənt tɪ ˈhɛgəl ɛz tɪ kəˈneɪdiən ˈθɪŋkərz təˈdeɪ. ʃi kənˈtɛndz ðət ˈaɪrəni ɪz ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli səbˈvərsɪv ənd ˈɔθərˌaɪzɪŋ, ˈəndərˌkətɪŋ ənd ɪkˈskludɪŋ. ɪt ˈɛni ˈnoʊʃənz əv ˈminɪŋ ɛz ˈsɪŋgəl, ˈsteɪbəl, decidable*, kəmˈplit, kloʊzd, ˈɪnəsənt, ər transparent.”*.” ɔl ðɪs rɪˈleɪts tɪ ˈhɛgəl, huz ˈraɪtɪŋz ər noʊˈtɔriəsli ˈoʊpən tɪ ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən, fluɪd, self-referring*, ˈsərkjələr, ənd soʊ fɔrθ. ðə fəˈlɑsəfi əv raɪt, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, kən bi sin ɛz ə tɛkst ˈɔθərˌaɪzɪŋ ðə ˈprəʃən kɑrl ˈpɑpər sɔ ɪt. ɔlˈtərnətɪvli, ɪt kən bi ˌɪnˈtərprətəd ɛz ə ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri krɪˈtik əv ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈsɪstəm, ɛz ʤeɪ drydyk*, ə ˈkɑrltən ˌjunəˈvərsəti fəˈlɑsəfər, həz səˈʤɛstɪd ɪn ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈɑrtɪkəlz. ˈhɛgəl wɑz ˈraɪtɪŋ fər ˈmɛni ˈɔdiənsəz, ə ˈpraɪˌmɛri wən biɪŋ ðə ˈprəʃən ˈsikrɪt ðɪs əˈfɪʃəl ˈɔdiəns ɪn ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr hæd ə dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ˈifɛkt ɔn proʊz staɪl, ɪt wɪθ ˈmɛni ˈlɛvəlz əv ˈaɪrəni. ˈaɪrəni ˌɪnˈvɑlvz ˈsikrɪts, ənd ˈhɪdən ˈminɪŋz ˈsədənli rɪˈvild. məʧ ˈkɑmənˌtɛri ɔn nɑt ˈoʊnli ðət baɪ ɔn hɪz ˈkrɪptɪk, mɪˈstɪriəs staɪl. ðə fərst ˈsɪriəs ˈstədi əv ˈhɛgəl ɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ə wərk baɪ ðə ˈskɑtɪʃ fəˈlɑsəfər j.h*. ˈstərlɪŋ, ˈpəblɪʃt 130 jɪrz əˈgoʊ, wɑz kɔld ðə ˈsikrɪt əv ˈhɛgəl. ðə ˈnoʊtɪd frɛnʧ ˈhɛgəl ˈskɑlər ʤæk kleɪmd ˈrisəntli ɪn ˈhɛgəl ɪn hɪz taɪm ðət ˈhɛgəl ɪz stɪl ɪn ˈhaɪdɪŋ. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ trɛnt ˌjunəˈvərsəti fəˈlɑsəfər, ʤɑn ˈbərbɪʤ ɪn hɪz ˈhɛgəl ɔn ˈlɑʤɪk ənd rɪˈlɪʤən, ˌɛnɪgˈmætɪk proʊz əˈlaʊz ˌɪnˈtərprətərz ən əˈspɛʃəli ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ fɔrm əv wish-fulfillment*: ˈraɪtər siz ɪn ˈhɛgəl ə ˈvərʒən əv hɪz oʊn image.”*.” ˈhəʧiən kwoʊts geɪl ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ˈaɪrəni ɪn ðə ˈsɪnˌdroʊm. ɪz ironic,”*,” raɪts məˈgrɛgər, ɪt ɪz ˌʤəkstəˈpoʊzd wɪθ ə ˈkaʊnərɪŋ aɪˈdil ər æt list sɛt əˈgɛnst ə ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈprɛfərəbəl steɪt əv affairs”*” wɪʧ dɪz nɑt hæv tɪ bi ɪkˈsplɪsət bət hæv tɪ bi ækˈsɛsəbəl ɪn tərmz əv ðə wərk itself.”*.” kəˈneɪdiən ˈkɑmənˌtɛri ɔn ˈhɛgəl ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzɪz ðə aɪˈdil ˈæˌspɛkt əv hɪz ˈpɑləˌtɪks, nɑt ɛz ə riˈækʃəˌnɛri aɪˌdɛntəfəˈkeɪʃən əv ðə aɪˈdil wɪθ ðə ril, bət ˈrəðər ɛz ðə ˈpoʊzɪŋ əv ə ˈbɛtər fɔrm əv laɪf, wɪʧ ˈkɑntræsts wɪθ, ənd groʊz frəm, ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈsɪstəm. ðɪs ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən əv ˈhɛgəl bɛrz ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˌsɪməˈlɛrəti wɪθ dɪˈvɛləpmənt. ɛz ˈhəʧiən əbˈzərvz, ˈvɛri ˌɛvəˈluʃən ˈɪntu ˈneɪʃənˌhʊd, ənˈlaɪk ðət əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, əˈkərd wɪˈθɪn ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz. ɪz ðɪs how,”*,” ʃi æsks, keɪm tɪ lərn ðə səbˈvərsɪv ðət spiks ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv trəˈdɪʃən bət ˌɪmˈplaɪz ə ˈsɛkənd ˈlɛvəl əv ˈminɪŋ ðət kən ˈɔltər trəˈdɪʃən frəm within?”*?” iv*. ðə sɛnˈtælɪti əv ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvənts ɪn ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈfæbrɪk ɪz əˈnəðər ˈæˌspɛkt əv ðɪs ˈhɛgəl kreɪz. fər ɪf mɑrks wɑz ðə ˈprɑfət əv ðə ˌproʊləˈtɛriət, ˈhɛgəl ɪz ðə ˈprɑfət əv wət ˈælvɪn kɔld ðə nu klæs. ðɪs ɪz ðə klæs əv ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ənd ˈgəvərnmənt ɪmˈplɔɪmənt; ðə klæs ɪn wɪʧ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ənd θɔt, ɛz əˈpoʊzd tɪ ðə ˈmɑrkɪt ˈprɪnsəpəl, ˈdɑməˌneɪt. kəˈneɪdiən ˌɪntəˈlɛkʧuəlz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ən ˌɪnˈtɛns əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən wɪθ ðə steɪt ənˈmæʧt ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, list sɪns ˈbrɪtən ɛz wɛl. piɛr truˈdoʊ, ˈæftər ɔl, wɑz ə prəˈfɛsər əv ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl lɔ, ənd ˈmɪnɪstər kɪm ˈkæmbəl graɪpt əˈbaʊt nɑt ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈtɛnjər æt ubc*. bɪˈkəz əv ðə kloʊz riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp əv ðə kəˈneɪdiən steɪt wɪθ ˈkəlʧər, ˈivɪn səm əv ɑr ˈgreɪtəst ˈɑrtɪsts hæv ˈdəbəld ɛz ˈbjʊrəˌkræts. ɛz ˈbərθə ˈwɪlsən pɔɪnts aʊt, ðɪs ɪz ən oʊld ˈskɑtɪʃ trəˈdɪʃən ˈɔlsoʊ: ˈrɑbi bərnz wərkt ɛz ən ˈɛksaɪz ˈɔfɪsər, ənd kənˈsɪdərd ðə ʤɑb ə greɪt ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən fər hɪz ɑrt. ˈɛvəri ˈəðər ˈmeɪʤər ˈfɪgjər ɪn ðə ˈskɑtɪʃ ˌɛnˈlaɪtənmənt treɪnd ənd wərkt ɛz ə ˈlɔjər ər ʤəʤ. ɪt meɪ nɑt bi ɪnˈtaɪərli ˌɪˈrɛləvənt ðət kəˈneɪdiən ɛkˈspeɪtriˌeɪt ʤɑn ˈkɛnɪθ ˈgælˌbreɪθ ɪz ˈpræktɪkəli ðə ˈoʊnli ˈmeɪʤər vɔɪs ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts pɪʧt əˈgɛnst ðə ˈdɑmənənt trɛnd tɪ ˈdɛnəˌgreɪt ˈgəvərnmənt ˈbjʊrəˌkræts, əˈspɛʃəli ðoʊz hi raɪts ɪn ðə ˈkəlʧər əv ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənts əv ˈgəvərnmənt kənˈsərnd wɪθ ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri ækˈtɪvɪti, tæks kəˈlɛkʃən ənd əˈspɛʃəli wɪθ ˈwɛlˌfɛr services.”*.” ʤɔrʤ grænt mɑrkt ɪt ɛz wən əv ˈmeɪʤər ˈfeɪlɪŋz ðət hi ˌmɪsəndərˈstʊd ənd wɪθ ðə kəˈneɪdiən ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs, ənd ˈivɪn wɛnt soʊ fɑr ɛz tɪ pleɪs ə ˈkɔrpərət hɛd ɪn ʧɑrʤ əv ðə ˈɑtəˌwɑ bjʊˈrɑkrəsi. səʧ ən ənˈsərtən ˈkəntri ɛz canada,”*,” grænt oʊˈpaɪnd, ˈsɪvəl ˈsərvɪs ɪz pərˈhæps ðə ɛˈsɛnʃəl ˈɪnstrəmənt baɪ wɪʧ ˈneɪʃənˌhʊd ɪz preserved.”*.” ˈlɔrəns ˈmɑrtɪn meɪks klɪr ðət wən əv ðə moʊst ˈpɔɪzənəs ˈlɛgəsiz əv ðə məˈlroʊni jɪrz wɑz ðə dɪˈlɪbərˌeɪt ˈwikənɪŋ əv ðə ˈɑtəˌwɑ bjʊˈrɑkrəsi, ə ˈpɑləsi ˈkloʊsli rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkən fri treɪd. ðə əˈtæk ɔn ˈɑtəˌwɑ ækˈsɛlərˌeɪtɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə kɪm ˈkæmbəl ˌɪntərˈrɛgnəm, wɪθ ðə əˈbrəpt tərməˈneɪʃən əv ˈɔlˌmoʊst 20 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə tɔp rəŋ əv ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs, ˈəndər ðə dɪˈrɛkʃɪn əv kənˈvɪktəd drəŋk ˈdraɪvər, ˈsupər ˈmɪnɪstər ˈbərnərd vəlˈkɔrt. wɪθ laʊd əˈplɔz frəm ˌɛdəˈtɔriəlɪsts ənd prɛs ˈpəndɪts, ðə ˈfaɪərrɪŋz hæv bɪn ˈkɛrid aʊt ɪn ðə ˈmænər ˈpɑsəbəl, ənd wɪˈθaʊt ðə du ˈprɔˌsɛs ˈprɑməst ˈəndər ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs ækt. ðə hɪˈstɛrɪkəl ˈtɔri skɔrʧt ərθ ˈpɑləsi ɪn ˈɑtəˌwɑ wɑz ðə bɛst ˈɪndəˌkeɪtər ðət ðə ˌnioʊkənˈsərvətɪv ˈɪrə hæd riʧt ɪts ɛnd. ˈhɛgəl wɑz ə nu klæs ˈfɪgjər wɑz mɑrks, əv kɔrs. jɛt ənˈlaɪk mɑrks, hu flɛd ˈʤərməni fər ðə ˈfridəm əv ˈsɪvəl soʊˈsaɪɪti, ˈhɛgəl rɪˈmeɪnd ən ˌækəˈdɛmɪk, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzɪz ðət ər pɑrt əv ðə laɪf əv ə ˈtɛnjərd prəˈfɛsər. ðiz ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzɪz bɔt ɪm taɪm tɪ kriˈeɪt ðə moʊst proʊˈfaʊnd ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˈsɪstəm wi hæv; ənd ˈɔlsoʊ hɛlp ɪkˈspleɪn hɪz rɪˈsɛpʃən ɪn ðɪs ˈneɪʃən əv ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzɪz, ɑr oʊn ˈkænədə.
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watch david fright night comic con footage by josh tyler random article blend fright night, and now that clip is online complete with a fully awesome little introduction by tennant. for fans of doctor who (and if you one, shame on you) kind of like watching the doctor introduce his new movie. sorry david, always be the man in the tardis.
tennant plays a magician named peter vincent in fright night and he becomes involved in vampire killing when anton approaches him looking for information on how to kill immortals. check out the full, comic con clip from fright night embedded below.
as long as here and clicking play on things, another clip from the movie which in addition to tennant and stars (sorry chris, as as tennant is the doctor), and colin farrell as the vampire who recently moved in next door.
for more on the movie visit our more evidence that david tennant is completely awesome. yesterday at comic con audiences were shown an extended clip from his new movie, and now that clip is online complete with a fully awesome little introduction by tennant. for fans if you one, shame on you) kind of like watching the doctor introduce his new movie. sorry david, always be the man in the plays a magician named peter vincent he becomes involved in vampire killing when anton approaches him looking for information on how to kill immortals. check out the full, comic con clip long as here and clicking play on things, another clip from the movie which in addition to tennant and stars (sorry chris, as as tennant is the doctor), and colin farrell as the vampire who recently moved in next more on the movie visit our fright night page in the blend film database. blended from around the web facebook
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wɔʧ ˈdeɪvɪd fraɪt naɪt ˈkɑmɪk kɑn ˈfʊtɪʤ baɪ ʤɑʃ ˈtaɪlər ˈrændəm ˈɑrtɪkəl blɛnd fraɪt naɪt, ənd naʊ ðət klɪp ɪz ˈɔnˌlaɪn kəmˈplit wɪθ ə ˈfʊli ˈɔsəm ˈlɪtəl ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən baɪ ˈtɛnənt. fər fænz əv ˈdɔktər hu (ənd ɪf ju wən, ʃeɪm ɔn ju) kaɪnd əv laɪk ˈwɑʧɪŋ ðə ˈdɔktər ˌɪntrəˈdus hɪz nu ˈmuvi. ˈsɑri ˈdeɪvɪd, ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ðə mæn ɪn ðə tardis*. ˈtɛnənt pleɪz ə məˈʤɪʃən neɪmd ˈpitər ˈvɪnsɪnt ɪn fraɪt naɪt ənd hi bɪˈkəmz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈvæmpaɪr ˈkɪlɪŋ wɪn ˈænˌtɔn əˈproʊʧɪz ɪm ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn haʊ tɪ kɪl ˌɪˈmɔrtəlz. ʧɛk aʊt ðə fʊl, ˈkɑmɪk kɑn klɪp frəm fraɪt naɪt ɛmˈbɛdɪd bɪˈloʊ. ɛz lɔŋ ɛz hir ənd ˈklɪkɪŋ pleɪ ɔn θɪŋz, əˈnəðər klɪp frəm ðə ˈmuvi wɪʧ ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ˈtɛnənt ənd stɑrz (ˈsɑri krɪs, ɛz ɛz ˈtɛnənt ɪz ðə ˈdɔktər), ənd ˈkoʊlɪn ˈfɛrɪl ɛz ðə ˈvæmpaɪr hu ˈrisəntli muvd ɪn nɛkst dɔr. fər mɔr ɔn ðə ˈmuvi ˈvɪzɪt ɑr mɔr ˈɛvədəns ðət ˈdeɪvɪd ˈtɛnənt ɪz kəmˈplitli ˈɔsəm. ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ æt ˈkɑmɪk kɑn ˈɔdiənsəz wər ʃoʊn ən ɪkˈstɛndɪd klɪp frəm hɪz nu ˈmuvi, ənd naʊ ðət klɪp ɪz ˈɔnˌlaɪn kəmˈplit wɪθ ə ˈfʊli ˈɔsəm ˈlɪtəl ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən baɪ ˈtɛnənt. fər fænz ɪf ju wən, ʃeɪm ɔn ju) kaɪnd əv laɪk ˈwɑʧɪŋ ðə ˈdɔktər ˌɪntrəˈdus hɪz nu ˈmuvi. ˈsɑri ˈdeɪvɪd, ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ðə mæn ɪn ðə pleɪz ə məˈʤɪʃən neɪmd ˈpitər ˈvɪnsɪnt hi bɪˈkəmz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈvæmpaɪr ˈkɪlɪŋ wɪn ˈænˌtɔn əˈproʊʧɪz ɪm ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn haʊ tɪ kɪl ˌɪˈmɔrtəlz. ʧɛk aʊt ðə fʊl, ˈkɑmɪk kɑn klɪp lɔŋ ɛz hir ənd ˈklɪkɪŋ pleɪ ɔn θɪŋz, əˈnəðər klɪp frəm ðə ˈmuvi wɪʧ ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ˈtɛnənt ənd stɑrz (ˈsɑri krɪs, ɛz ɛz ˈtɛnənt ɪz ðə ˈdɔktər), ənd ˈkoʊlɪn ˈfɛrɪl ɛz ðə ˈvæmpaɪr hu ˈrisəntli muvd ɪn nɛkst mɔr ɔn ðə ˈmuvi ˈvɪzɪt ɑr fraɪt naɪt peɪʤ ɪn ðə blɛnd fɪlm ˈdætəˌbeɪs. ˈblɛndɪd frəm əraʊnd ðə wɛb ˈfeɪsˌbʊk bæk tɪ tɔp
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this article is about the physician to the president of the united states. for the book by the former white house physician connie mariano , see the white house doctor
the physician to the president (also known as the white house doctor) is the formal and official title of the physician who is director of the white house medical unit, a unit of the white house military office responsible for the medical needs of the president of the united states, vice president, white house staff, and] the physician to the president is also the chief white house]
history [ edit ]
doctors who have treated the president of the united states have had a variety of] dr. presley marion rixey, a medical inspector in the united states navy, was the first individual to serve in a full-time capacity as physician to the president beginning in 1901, although the title "white house physician" was not used until created by an act of congress in]
organization and role [ edit ]
the white house physician has an office inside the white house. the location of his or her medical unit plays an important role in keeping the president of the united states healthy. he or she also oversees a staff which is typically composed of five military physicians, five nurses, five physician assistants, three medics, three administrators and one it manager. the white house physician is metaphorically the "shadow of the] because he or she is always close at hand whether the president is at the white house, overseas, on the campaign trail, or aboard presidential plane air force] the physician to the president protects the president's health and may also perform emergency surgery.
the white house doctor is also responsible for providing comprehensive medical care to the members of the president's immediate family, the vice president, and the vice president's family. he or she may also provide medical care and attention to the more than million visitors who tour the white house each year, as well as to international dignitaries and other guests of the president.
the medical office of the white house doctor is a "mini center" containing a physician's office, private examination rooms, basic medications and medical supplies, and a crash cart for emergency resuscitation. air force one is equipped with emergency medical equipment, an operating table, and operating room lights installed at the center of the presidential plane for emergency use by the white house] but does not have an x-ray machine or medical laboratory]
daniel ruge, ronald reagan's first physician in the white house, resigned after the president's first term and called his job "vastly overrated, boring and not medically challenging." ruge could not attend most state dinners due to lack of space. he nonetheless had to be ready for emergencies, and usually waited alone in his office wearing a tuxedo. ruge stated that an advantage, however, was that because of the prestige "[a] president's physician can ask for anything, and he will get it. no doctor will refuse a request to]
selection of the physician [ edit ]
the white house physician is often selected personally by the president, and most white house doctors are military] in part because most civilians would find closing and then later reopening their private practices]
as of march 2018 , commander sean conley, do, usn, is the incumbent white house]
white house physicians [ edit ]
some of the individuals who have acted as white house physicians:
notes [ edit ]
^ [37] dr. jackson was appointed physician to the president on july 25, 2013. ^ [1][38][38] but was promoted to rear admiral. the senate confirmed his appointment on july 13,] dr. jackson was a captain at the time of his was promoted to rear admiral. the senate confirmed his appointment on july 13, 2016.
citations [ edit ]
bibliography [ edit ]
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ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪz əˈbaʊt ðə fəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. fər ðə bʊk baɪ ðə ˈfɔrmər waɪt haʊs fəˈzɪʃən ˈkɔni ˌmɑriˈɑnoʊ si ðə waɪt haʊs ˈdɔktər ðə fəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt (ˈɔlsoʊ noʊn ɛz ðə waɪt haʊs ˈdɔktər) ɪz ðə ˈfɔrməl ənd əˈfɪʃəl ˈtaɪtəl əv ðə fəˈzɪʃən hu ɪz dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə waɪt haʊs ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈjunɪt, ə ˈjunɪt əv ðə waɪt haʊs ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈɔfəs riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl nidz əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt, waɪt haʊs stæf, ənd ðə fəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ʧif waɪt haʊs ˈhɪstəri ˈɛdət ˈdɑktərz hu hæv ˈtritɪd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts hæv hæd ə vərˈaɪəti əv ˈdɑktər. ˈprɛsli ˈmɛriən rixey*, ə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɪnˈspɛktər ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈneɪvi, wɑz ðə fərst ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl tɪ sərv ɪn ə ˈfʊlˌtaɪm kəˈpæsɪti ɛz fəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɪn 1901 ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ˈtaɪtəl "waɪt haʊs fəˈzɪʃən" wɑz nɑt juzd ənˈtɪl kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ən ækt əv ˈkɑŋgrəs ɪn ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ənd roʊl ˈɛdət ðə waɪt haʊs fəˈzɪʃən həz ən ˈɔfəs ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə waɪt haʊs. ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən əv hɪz ər hər ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈjunɪt pleɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt roʊl ɪn ˈkipɪŋ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈhɛlθi. hi ər ʃi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈoʊvərˌsiz ə stæf wɪʧ ɪz ˈtɪpɪkəli kəmˈpoʊzd əv faɪv ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri fɪˈzɪʃənz, faɪv ˈnərsɪz, faɪv fəˈzɪʃən əˈsɪstənts, θri ˈmɛdɪks, θri ædˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtərz ənd wən ɪt ˈmænɪʤər. ðə waɪt haʊs fəˈzɪʃən ɪz ˌmɛtəˈfɔrɪkli ðə "ˈʃæˌdoʊ əv ðə bɪˈkəz hi ər ʃi ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz kloʊz æt hænd ˈwɛðər ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪz æt ðə waɪt haʊs, ˈoʊvərˈsiz, ɔn ðə kæmˈpeɪn treɪl, ər əˈbɔrd ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl pleɪn ɛr fɔrs ðə fəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt prəˈtɛkts ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts hɛlθ ənd meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ pərˈfɔrm ˈimərʤənsi ˈsərʤəri. ðə waɪt haʊs ˈdɔktər ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ riˈspɑnsəbəl fər prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr tɪ ðə ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈfæməli, ðə vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt, ənd ðə vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənts ˈfæməli. hi ər ʃi meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈvaɪd ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr ənd əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ðə mɔr ðən ˈmɪljən ˈvɪzɪtərz hu tʊr ðə waɪt haʊs iʧ jɪr, ɛz wɛl ɛz tɪ ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈdɪgnəˌtɛriz ənd ˈəðər gɛsts əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt. ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈɔfəs əv ðə waɪt haʊs ˈdɔktər ɪz ə "ˈmɪni ˈsɛnər" kənˈteɪnɪŋ ə fəˈzɪʃənz ˈɔfəs, ˈpraɪvət ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃən rumz, ˈbeɪsɪk ˌmɛdəˈkeɪʃənz ənd ˈmɛdɪkəl səˈplaɪz, ənd ə kræʃ kɑrt fər ˈimərʤənsi rɪˌsəsɪˈteɪʃən. ɛr fɔrs wən ɪz ɪkˈwɪpt wɪθ ˈimərʤənsi ˈmɛdɪkəl ɪkˈwɪpmənt, ən ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈteɪbəl, ənd ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ rum laɪts ˌɪnˈstɔld æt ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl pleɪn fər ˈimərʤənsi juz baɪ ðə waɪt haʊs bət dɪz nɑt hæv ən ˈɛksˌreɪ məˈʃin ər ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈlæbrəˌtɔri ˈdænjəl ruʤ, ˈrɑnəld ˈrigənz fərst fəˈzɪʃən ɪn ðə waɪt haʊs, rɪˈzaɪnd ˈæftər ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts fərst tərm ənd kɔld hɪz ʤɑb "ˈvæstli ˌoʊvərˈreɪtɪd, ˈbɔrɪŋ ənd nɑt ˈmɛdɪkəli ˈʧælənʤɪŋ." ruʤ kʊd nɑt əˈtɛnd moʊst steɪt ˈdɪnərz du tɪ læk əv speɪs. hi ˌnənðəˈlɛs hæd tɪ bi ˈrɛdi fər ˈimərʤənsiz, ənd ˈjuʒəwəli ˈweɪtɪd əˈloʊn ɪn hɪz ˈɔfəs ˈwɛrɪŋ ə ˌtəkˈsidoʊ. ruʤ ˈsteɪtɪd ðət ən ædˈvæntɪʤ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɑz ðət bɪˈkəz əv ðə prɛˈstiʒ "[ə] ˈprɛzɪdənts fəˈzɪʃən kən æsk fər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, ənd hi wɪl gɪt ɪt. noʊ ˈdɔktər wɪl ˈrɛfˌjuz ə rɪkˈwɛst tɪ səˈlɛkʃən əv ðə fəˈzɪʃən ˈɛdət ðə waɪt haʊs fəˈzɪʃən ɪz ˈɔfən səˈlɛktɪd ˈpərsənəli baɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt, ənd moʊst waɪt haʊs ˈdɑktərz ər ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz moʊst səˈvɪljənz wʊd faɪnd ˈkloʊzɪŋ ənd ðɛn ˈleɪtər riˈoʊpənɪŋ ðɛr ˈpraɪvət ˈpræktɪsɪz ɛz əv mɑrʧ 2018 kəˈmændər ʃɔn ˈkɑnli, du, usn*, ɪz ðə ˌɪnˈkəmbənt waɪt haʊs waɪt haʊs fɪˈzɪʃənz ˈɛdət səm əv ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz hu hæv ˈæktɪd ɛz waɪt haʊs fɪˈzɪʃənz: noʊts ˈɛdət 37 ˈdɑktər. ˈʤæksən wɑz əˈpɔɪntɪd fəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 25 2013 bət wɑz prəˈmoʊtəd tɪ rɪr ˈædmərəl. ðə ˈsɛnɪt kənˈfərmd hɪz əˈpɔɪntmənt ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 13 ˈdɑktər. ˈʤæksən wɑz ə ˈkæptən æt ðə taɪm əv hɪz wɑz prəˈmoʊtəd tɪ rɪr ˈædmərəl. ðə ˈsɛnɪt kənˈfərmd hɪz əˈpɔɪntmənt ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 13 2016 saɪˈteɪʃənz ˈɛdət ˌbɪbliˈɑgrəfi ˈɛdət
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rep. diane black who has led a whip operation on the budget this summer. | alex images black presses ryan for vote on budget resisted by conservatives
the house budget chief tuesday urged house speaker paul ryan to bring the budget to the floor this month, even though her fiscal outline lacks the 218 votes needed for passage.
house budget chairman diane black, frustrated by her divisions, is daring conservatives to vote no, forcing them to take the fall for choking off the chances at tax reform.
story continued below
“sometimes when you get this close, perhaps you just need to put it on the floor,” black (r-tenn.) told politico in a 30 minute interview. “i have made the case to the leadership, that i think time.”
“i am restless. i want to have it done,” she said.
the rest of the budget committee republicans emerged from a meeting tuesday also saying that the budget, h. con. res. 71 (115), needs to go to the floor.
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black, who has led a whip operation on the budget this summer, said ryan and other members of leadership must link the budget to the dream of tax reform.
“i encourage him to do more to make sure that there is an understanding, that in order to do tax reform, you need to do a budget,” black said. the budget includes instructions for a reconciliation bill that would pave the way for passage of tax reform with just 51 votes in the senate.
black is pushing for a vote the final week in september, though she said it's not the "last chance."
she would not say how many votes short she is, but acknowledged still encountering resistance from conservatives demanding more details on tax reform. members of the house freedom caucus have refused to back budget until leaders reveal a comprehensive tax plan.
asked on tuesday afternoon whether the freedom caucus would support the budget on the floor, rep. mark meadows, the chairman of the group, quickly replied, “no,” and said still waiting for tax details.
“i don't think changed at this point, other than whipping a lot harder than they were before,” meadows (r-n.c.) told politico.
black has argued that freedom caucus is handling things backwards. she said members must first agree on budget reconciliation the tool that would tax reform in the senate before they can flesh out details.
“it is a budget. it gives us the vehicle to do tax reform. if you like the tax reform, your vote can be no then. but at least follow the process,” black said.
black has spent months peddling her sweeping budget document, dozens of members on the floor and logging hours on the phone to clear its first hurdle in july.
republican leadership decided last week to formally take the temperature of the full conference. that first official vote count came up short, with some undecided members.
still, black said she believes enough members would feel pressure to change their votes if they saw the bill on the floor.
“sometimes people will tell you, ‘i don't know, uncertain,’ and then when they see the votes go up on the board, see with their own eyes that good support,” black said.
the grim prospects for the house budget have prompted some members close to leadership to float the use of a “shell” budget instead. that would strip out all pieces of the budget including the $200 billion in mandatory cuts except tax reform.
if so, it would be the second straight year that house republicans were forced to abandon their comprehensive budget blueprint in favor of a simpler way to get to reconciliation.
and a largely unpopular idea for the house. black said talked to many members who feel they were promised a chance to vote on a budget that has "some meat” in it after passage of shell budget to repeal obamacare.
“i would caution, from my experience only, that a shell budget is going to be difficult to pass in this house,” black said. “you ask them to do it again, not sure sure that they fall for that.”
the path to a budget has been chaotic and uneven one that black, a former nurse, compared to the inside of the er.
she has settled dozens of internal feuds and dealt with 11 house chairmen to reach a deal on massive entitlement cuts. it would be the only budget in recent memory to tack on mandatory spending cuts to a budget vehicle intended for a big policy overhaul like tax reform.
the tennessee republican coordinated the effort as she laid the groundwork for a gubernatorial campaign in her home state, which she formally announced in august.
black had planned to give up her gavel in early september, assuming the house would finally approve the budget by then.
she said she decided when to formally step down, though several members have been jockeying to replace her. rep. steve womack (r-ark.) is widely seen as the in the race, sources told politico.
black, who has served alongside womack on the budget committee for seven years, said he would do a “great, great job.”
“he’s one of my best friends and one of the smartest people that i know,” she said.
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rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. daɪæn blæk hu həz lɛd ə wɪp ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈbəʤɪt ðɪs ˈsəmər. ˈæləks ˈɪmɪʤɪz blæk ˈprɛsɪz raɪən fər voʊt ɔn ˈbəʤɪt rɪˈzɪstɪd baɪ kənˈsərvətɪvz ðə haʊs ˈbəʤɪt ʧif ˈtuzˌdeɪ ərʤd haʊs ˈspikər pɔl raɪən tɪ brɪŋ ðə ˈbəʤɪt tɪ ðə flɔr ðɪs mənθ, ˈivɪn ðoʊ hər ˈfɪskəl ˈaʊˌtlaɪn læks ðə 218 voʊts ˈnidɪd fər ˈpæsɪʤ. haʊs ˈbəʤɪt ˈʧɛrmən daɪæn blæk, ˈfrəˌstreɪtəd baɪ hər dɪˈvɪʒənz, ɪz ˈdɛrɪŋ kənˈsərvətɪvz tɪ voʊt noʊ, ˈfɔrsɪŋ ðɛm tɪ teɪk ðə fɔl fər ˈʧoʊkɪŋ ɔf ðə ˈʧænsɪz æt tæks rɪˈfɔrm. ˈstɔri kənˈtɪnjud bɪˈloʊ wɪn ju gɪt ðɪs kloʊz, pərˈhæps ju ʤɪst nid tɪ pʊt ɪt ɔn ðə floor,”*,” blæk (r-tenn*.) toʊld pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ ɪn ə 30 ˈmɪnət ˈɪntərvˌju. hæv meɪd ðə keɪs tɪ ðə ˈlidərˌʃɪp, ðət aɪ θɪŋk time.”*.” æm ˈrɛstləs. aɪ wɔnt tɪ hæv ɪt done,”*,” ʃi sɛd. ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈbəʤɪt kəˈmɪti rɪˈpəblɪkənz ˈimərʤd frəm ə ˈmitɪŋ ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ seɪɪŋ ðət ðə ˈbəʤɪt, eɪʧ. kɑn. reɪz. 71 115 nidz tɪ goʊ tɪ ðə flɔr. saɪn əp hir fər pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ ˈhədəl ə ˈdeɪli əv kənˈgrɛʃənəl nuz ɪn jʊr inbox*. iˈmeɪl saɪn əp baɪ ˈsaɪnɪŋ əp ju əˈgri tɪ rɪˈsiv iˈmeɪl ˈnuzˌlɛtərz ər əˈlərts frəm pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ. ju kən ənsəbˈskraɪb æt ˈɛni taɪm. blæk, hu həz lɛd ə wɪp ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈbəʤɪt ðɪs ˈsəmər, sɛd raɪən ənd ˈəðər ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈlidərˌʃɪp məst lɪŋk ðə ˈbəʤɪt tɪ ðə drim əv tæks rɪˈfɔrm. ɪnˈkərəʤ ɪm tɪ du mɔr tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət ðɛr ɪz ən ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ, ðət ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ du tæks rɪˈfɔrm, ju nid tɪ du ə budget,”*,” blæk sɛd. ðə ˈbəʤɪt ˌɪnˈkludz ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz fər ə ˌrɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃən bɪl ðət wʊd peɪv ðə weɪ fər ˈpæsɪʤ əv tæks rɪˈfɔrm wɪθ ʤɪst 51 voʊts ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt. blæk ɪz ˈpʊʃɪŋ fər ə voʊt ðə ˈfaɪnəl wik ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər, ðoʊ ʃi sɛd ɪts nɑt ðə "læst ʧæns." ʃi wʊd nɑt seɪ haʊ ˈmɛni voʊts ʃɔrt ʃi ɪz, bət ækˈnɑlɪʤd stɪl ɛnˈkaʊnərɪŋ rɪˈzɪstəns frəm kənˈsərvətɪvz dɪˈmændɪŋ mɔr ˈditeɪlz ɔn tæks rɪˈfɔrm. ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə haʊs ˈfridəm ˈkɔkəs hæv rɪfˈjuzd tɪ bæk ˈbəʤɪt ənˈtɪl ˈlidərz rɪˈvil ə ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv tæks plæn. æst ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ ˌæftərˈnun ˈwɛðər ðə ˈfridəm ˈkɔkəs wʊd səˈpɔrt ðə ˈbəʤɪt ɔn ðə flɔr, rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. mɑrk ˈmɛˌdoʊz, ðə ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə grup, kˈwɪkli rɪˈplaɪd, ““no,”*,” ənd sɛd stɪl ˈweɪtɪŋ fər tæks ˈditeɪlz. doʊnt θɪŋk ʧeɪnʤd æt ðɪs pɔɪnt, ˈəðər ðən ˈwɪpɪŋ ə lɔt ˈhɑrdər ðən ðeɪ wər before,”*,” ˈmɛˌdoʊz (r-n.c*.) toʊld pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ. blæk həz ˈɑrgjud ðət ˈfridəm ˈkɔkəs ɪz ˈhændəlɪŋ θɪŋz ˈbækwərdz. ʃi sɛd ˈmɛmbərz məst fərst əˈgri ɔn ˈbəʤɪt ˌrɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃən ðə tul ðət wʊd tæks rɪˈfɔrm ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ kən flɛʃ aʊt ˈditeɪlz. ɪz ə ˈbəʤɪt. ɪt gɪvz ˈjuˈɛs ðə ˈviɪkəl tɪ du tæks rɪˈfɔrm. ɪf ju laɪk ðə tæks rɪˈfɔrm, jʊr voʊt kən bi noʊ ðɛn. bət æt list ˈfɑloʊ ðə process,”*,” blæk sɛd. blæk həz spɛnt mənθs ˈpɛdəlɪŋ hər sˈwipɪŋ ˈbəʤɪt ˈdɑkjəmɛnt, ˈdəzənz əv ˈmɛmbərz ɔn ðə flɔr ənd ˈlɔgɪŋ aʊərz ɔn ðə foʊn tɪ klɪr ɪts fərst ˈhərdəl ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ. rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈlidərˌʃɪp ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd læst wik tɪ ˈfɔrməli teɪk ðə ˈtɛmpərəʧər əv ðə fʊl ˈkɑnfərəns. ðət fərst əˈfɪʃəl voʊt kaʊnt keɪm əp ʃɔrt, wɪθ səm ˌəndɪˈsaɪdɪd ˈmɛmbərz. stɪl, blæk sɛd ʃi bɪˈlivz ɪˈnəf ˈmɛmbərz wʊd fil ˈprɛʃər tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðɛr voʊts ɪf ðeɪ sɔ ðə bɪl ɔn ðə flɔr. ˈpipəl wɪl tɛl ju, doʊnt noʊ, uncertain,’*,’ ənd ðɛn wɪn ðeɪ si ðə voʊts goʊ əp ɔn ðə bɔrd, si wɪθ ðɛr oʊn aɪz ðət gʊd support,”*,” blæk sɛd. ðə grɪm ˈprɑspɛkts fər ðə haʊs ˈbəʤɪt hæv ˈprɑmptɪd səm ˈmɛmbərz kloʊz tɪ ˈlidərˌʃɪp tɪ floʊt ðə juz əv ə ““shell”*” ˈbəʤɪt ˌɪnˈstɛd. ðət wʊd strɪp aʊt ɔl ˈpisɪz əv ðə ˈbəʤɪt ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə 200 ˈbɪljən ɪn ˈmændəˌtɔri kəts ɪkˈsɛpt tæks rɪˈfɔrm. ɪf soʊ, ɪt wʊd bi ðə ˈsɛkənd streɪt jɪr ðət haʊs rɪˈpəblɪkənz wər fɔrst tɪ əˈbændən ðɛr ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv ˈbəʤɪt ˈbluˌprɪnt ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ə ˈsɪmpələr weɪ tɪ gɪt tɪ ˌrɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃən. ənd ə ˈlɑrʤli ˌənˈpɑpjələr aɪˈdiə fər ðə haʊs. blæk sɛd tɔkt tɪ ˈmɛni ˈmɛmbərz hu fil ðeɪ wər ˈprɑməst ə ʧæns tɪ voʊt ɔn ə ˈbəʤɪt ðət həz "səm meat”*” ɪn ɪt ˈæftər ˈpæsɪʤ əv ʃɛl ˈbəʤɪt tɪ rɪˈpil obamacare*. wʊd ˈkɔʃən, frəm maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈoʊnli, ðət ə ʃɛl ˈbəʤɪt ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ pæs ɪn ðɪs house,”*,” blæk sɛd. æsk ðɛm tɪ du ɪt əˈgɛn, nɑt ʃʊr ʃʊr ðət ðeɪ fɔl fər that.”*.” ðə pæθ tɪ ə ˈbəʤɪt həz bɪn keɪˈɑtɪk ənd əˈnivən wən ðət blæk, ə ˈfɔrmər nərs, kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv ðə ər. ʃi həz ˈsɛtəld ˈdəzənz əv ˌɪnˈtərnəl fjudz ənd dɛlt wɪθ 11 haʊs ˈʧɛrmɪn tɪ riʧ ə dil ɔn ˈmæsɪv ɛnˈtaɪtəlmənt kəts. ɪt wʊd bi ðə ˈoʊnli ˈbəʤɪt ɪn ˈrisənt ˈmɛməri tɪ tæk ɔn ˈmændəˌtɔri ˈspɛndɪŋ kəts tɪ ə ˈbəʤɪt ˈviɪkəl ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd fər ə bɪg ˈpɑləsi ˈoʊvərˌhɔl laɪk tæks rɪˈfɔrm. ðə ˌtɛnəˈsi rɪˈpəblɪkən koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd ðə ˈɛfərt ɛz ʃi leɪd ðə ˈgraʊndˌwərk fər ə guˌbərnəˈtɔˌriəl kæmˈpeɪn ɪn hər hoʊm steɪt, wɪʧ ʃi ˈfɔrməli əˈnaʊnst ɪn ˈɔgəst. blæk hæd plænd tɪ gɪv əp hər ˈgævəl ɪn ˈərli sɛpˈtɛmbər, əˈsumɪŋ ðə haʊs wʊd ˈfaɪnəli əˈpruv ðə ˈbəʤɪt baɪ ðɛn. ʃi sɛd ʃi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd wɪn tɪ ˈfɔrməli stɛp daʊn, ðoʊ ˈsɛvərəl ˈmɛmbərz hæv bɪn ˈʤɑkiɪŋ tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs hər. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. stiv ˈwoʊmæk (r-ark*.) ɪz ˈwaɪdli sin ɛz ðə ɪn ðə reɪs, ˈsɔrsəz toʊld pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ. blæk, hu həz sərvd əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ˈwoʊmæk ɔn ðə ˈbəʤɪt kəˈmɪti fər ˈsɛvən jɪrz, sɛd hi wʊd du ə ““great*, greɪt job.”*.” wən əv maɪ bɛst frɛndz ənd wən əv ðə sˈmɑrtəst ˈpipəl ðət aɪ know,”*,” ʃi sɛd.
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one of the surviving members of the miami has described comments by lead singer bono about the paris concert hall attack as "scandalous".
des lee said he was appalled to hear bono say the paris attackers had made a "direct hit on music" when they targeted a packed venue full of young people enjoying a rock concert.
the musician said bono had failed to remember the attack on the miami in 1975, which killed three members of the popular group.
fran o'toole, tony geraghty and brian mccoy were shot dead after their band minibus was flagged down by a gang at what appeared to be a military checkpoint after a gig in banbridge.
mr lee and guitarist stephen travers survived the tragedy, despite being shot.
following the attacks in paris on friday,'s two planned concerts in the city were called off.
the band visited the scene of the concert hall shooting on saturday and left flowers in memory to those who died.
bono later told 2fm: "if you think about it, the majority of victims were music fans".
"this is the first direct hit on music that we've had on this so-called war on terror, or whatever it's called," he said.
"this, and the cold-blooded aspect of the attacks, are what are really upsetting, it could have been any of us."
but mr lee questioned whether bono had forgotten the miami victims.
"i think what he said was scandalous, has he forgotten about the miami, has he forgotten about fran o'toole, tony geraghty and brian mccoy," he said.
"he even knew fran, they were all in beat bands at the same time, so for him to forget him, i'm appalled.
"he needs to apologise to us, he needs to apologise to the families, he should be doing that at least."
u2 are due to perform at the arena in belfast tonight and tomorrow with fans urged to wear white to show solidarity with the 129 victims of the paris attacks.
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wən əv ðə sərˈvaɪvɪŋ ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə maɪˈæmi həz dɪˈskraɪbd ˈkɑmɛnts baɪ lɛd ˈsɪŋər ˈboʊnoʊ əˈbaʊt ðə ˈpɛrɪs ˈkɑnsərt hɔl əˈtæk ɛz "ˈskændələs". dɪ li sɛd hi wɑz əˈpɔld tɪ hir ˈboʊnoʊ seɪ ðə ˈpɛrɪs əˈtækərz hæd meɪd ə "dɪˈrɛkt hɪt ɔn mˈjuzɪk" wɪn ðeɪ ˈtɑrgətɪd ə pækt ˈvɛnju fʊl əv jəŋ ˈpipəl ˌɛnˈʤɔɪɪŋ ə rɑk ˈkɑnsərt. ðə mjuˈzɪʃən sɛd ˈboʊnoʊ hæd feɪld tɪ rɪˈmɛmbər ðə əˈtæk ɔn ðə maɪˈæmi ɪn 1975 wɪʧ kɪld θri ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈpɑpjələr grup. fræn oʊˈtul, ˈtoʊni ˈʤɛrəti ənd braɪən məˈkɔɪ wər ʃɑt dɛd ˈæftər ðɛr bænd ˈmɪniˌbəs wɑz flægd daʊn baɪ ə gæŋ æt wət əˈpɪrd tɪ bi ə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈʧɛkˌpɔɪnt ˈæftər ə gɪg ɪn banbridge*. ˈmɪstər li ənd ˌgɪˈtɑrɪst ˈstivən ˈtrævərz sərˈvaɪvd ðə ˈtræʤədi, dɪˈspaɪt biɪŋ ʃɑt. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə əˈtæks ɪn ˈpɛrɪs ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, tu plænd ˈkɑnsərts ɪn ðə ˈsɪti wər kɔld ɔf. ðə bænd ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə sin əv ðə ˈkɑnsərt hɔl ˈʃutɪŋ ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ənd lɛft flaʊərz ɪn ˈmɛməri tɪ ðoʊz hu daɪd. ˈboʊnoʊ ˈleɪtər toʊld 2fm*: "ɪf ju θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪt, ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈvɪktɪmz wər mˈjuzɪk fænz". "ðɪs ɪz ðə fərst dɪˈrɛkt hɪt ɔn mˈjuzɪk ðət wiv hæd ɔn ðɪs ˈsoʊˈkɔld wɔr ɔn ˈtɛrər, ər ˌwəˈtɛvər ɪts kɔld," hi sɛd. "ðɪs, ənd ðə ˈkoʊldˈblədəd ˈæˌspɛkt əv ðə əˈtæks, ər wət ər ˈrɪli əpˈsɛtɪŋ, ɪt kʊd hæv bɪn ˈɛni əv ˈjuˈɛs." bət ˈmɪstər li kˈwɛsʧənd ˈwɛðər ˈboʊnoʊ hæd fərˈgɑtən ðə maɪˈæmi ˈvɪktɪmz. "aɪ θɪŋk wət hi sɛd wɑz ˈskændələs, həz hi fərˈgɑtən əˈbaʊt ðə maɪˈæmi, həz hi fərˈgɑtən əˈbaʊt fræn oʊˈtul, ˈtoʊni ˈʤɛrəti ənd braɪən məˈkɔɪ," hi sɛd. "hi ˈivɪn nu fræn, ðeɪ wər ɔl ɪn bit bændz æt ðə seɪm taɪm, soʊ fər ɪm tɪ fərˈgɛt ɪm, əm əˈpɔld. "hi nidz tɪ əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz tɪ ˈjuˈɛs, hi nidz tɪ əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz tɪ ðə ˈfæməliz, hi ʃʊd bi duɪŋ ðət æt list." ər du tɪ pərˈfɔrm æt ðə ərˈinə ɪn ˈbɛlˌfæst təˈnaɪt ənd təˈmɑˌroʊ wɪθ fænz ərʤd tɪ wɛr waɪt tɪ ʃoʊ ˌsɑləˈdɛrəti wɪθ ðə 129 ˈvɪktɪmz əv ðə ˈpɛrɪs əˈtæks.
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it’s been 7 months now since i packed all of my belongings into a moving van and hopped onto a flight with my toddler from san diego to our new home in austin, tx. i figured since the new and shiny has worn off and settled completely into normalcy, a good time to assess and compare the city with my beloved san diego.
current austin verdict: b-
let me preface this by saying that a bit of an odd duck when it comes to fitting in places and finding the perfect living situation for myself. you see, a country girl in my heart, though always lived in either the city or a bland suburb. i want acreage, farm animals, my own woods to explore, a dirt road leading up to my modest house, room to garden and have goats and chickens and horses. however, also liberal and atheist, therefore i really fit in with a lot of the “country folk” around texas. i have teal hair and piercings. but on the other hand, a single mother of a toddler and i really appreciate things such as: good schools, neighborhood parks, private pools, and safe sidewalks and streets. i also really love being able to “walk to stuff”. so in the absence of having my own farm, the second best option is a nice, safe,, “hip” neighborhood in a good school district. and something out of my price range too far from work.
my living situation has been in between my ideals, a place that has been suitable and adequate, but not exactly awesome. in avery ranch, which is very far north of austin, basically between cedar park and round rock yet somehow still given an austin proper address despite not feeling like austin at all. the very definition of a cookie cutter suburb. quiet, neighborhoody, with lots of children. the homes all look the same, are giant (like i need a 2200 square foot house), and are all from our zoned elementary school. my yard is large, there is a bit of racial diversity, and we get our own private pool with a wading entry for my son. there are parks and playgrounds. and the very best thing is that a short walk from an access point onto the brushy creek hike & bike trail, a true north austin gem. paying $300 less a month than i was paying for a house almost half the size in san diego. however, not to anything. the nearest restaurants and coffee shop are a mile away, and sure i do walk there on occasion, but not “quick jaunt” levels of close, especially when 100+ degrees in the summer.
i’ve come to realize that not really a suburb person. i can live here, and i think probably great for henry (and my finances) which is why going to move in with my best friend when our leases are up and stay in the suburbs so i can save, save, save. but making me feel like this my forever home. i try to imagine the future with me as a single person (because i want to have to rely on someone else financially) and just not sure that my dream of owning a little hobby farm can become reality here, as long as i need to be commuting distance to the videogame studios.
so, i feel like my austin experience is colored a bit by the part that i live in. i spend most of my time in cedar park, leander, north austin, or round rock. getting downtown only happens on the weekends, maybe one weekend a month to go to lady bird hike & bike trail or park. occasionally go west to dripping springs for the zoo. only been to south and east austin once since moving here. i feel like if i lived somewhere like hyde park, feel more surrounded by “my people” and get that austin feel that i was hoping for, but it would make my commute to work long and have to switch my school which would be a huge bummer.
things i love:
first and foremost, the parks and trails. obviously since i started this blog, clear that really enjoying exploring the outdoors here. surprisingly for a city with such oppressive weather, there is even more to do outdoors here than san diego. you drive far without running into a neighborhood park. they all have beautiful shaded for the kids, lovely big green trees, manicured paths and trails. some have peacocks, or creeks to wade in. there are some utterly amazing playgrounds like the play for all abilities park in round rock, joanne land, katherine fleicher, milburn park.
there are also the pools and creeks. gone are the days where you have to go to a waterpark. almost every neighborhood has its own pool (ours has) with waterslides, splash pads, toddler pools, and big fountains. many of them are 100% free. there are pools that stay the same temperature year-round. there are random splash pads all over, including this incredible dinosaur one in leander. if we want to wade in a more natural environment, there are creeks and swimming holes in the rivers. there are sandy “beaches” on some of the lakes here. there is an ocean a few hour drive away. you can definitely get all the outdoor water fun you could ever want here.
it’s so here. there are so many restaurants with beautiful attached outdoor playgrounds, so parents can chat and kids can play. there are also childcare places where for $8-10 an hour, you can leave your child to play in a safe, structured environment. it really takes the stress away from finding last-minute sitters during the daytime, and great when school is closed and you still have to work. used it a few times and as henry gets older i could see myself using it even more. also so much to do with kids here, and it only increases as they get older: botanical garden, park, hikes, zoo, horseback riding, sculpture gardens, nature preserves, amazing toy stores, aquarium, libraries, museums, trains, malls, the list goes on.
the preschool choices are vast and affordable compared to ca. my goes to outdoor farm school and the cost for full time care is $1100/month which includes meals and snacks. this same program would easily be $1600+ in san diego. there are stem schools and schools, tons of montessoris, secular and religious, language immersion, and the choices never seem to end. if i so happy with current school, there are at least a dozen be looking into.
the cost of living is substantially lower. while some things seem to cost about the same (hair salons, groceries), some things are way cheaper (gas, housing outside the city, utilities). so far the only thing that seems more expensive is auto insurance.
within austin itself, a ton to do especially if you enjoy good food and hanging around outdoors. tons of bars and restaurants, live music, great bbq and tex mex. every restaurant pretty much has a beautiful patio. a culture here that really embraces people being unique and i like that a lot. there are tons of events all over the austin area on just about every weekend. we never sit around bored wondering what to do here.
i love that my neighborhood i live in is so quiet and safe. only heard sirens a couple of times. my house is nice, clean, and pretty new. my neighbors talk to each other, but polite. i have a nice big backyard for my dog and my son, and i have ample space in general for what i need (and for guests).
things i love:
the traffic here is just abysmal. when i read about austin traffic before moving here, i was thinking that it really compare to la traffic so it must not be that bad. the problem is this city grew fast and still growing fast. it support the amount of cars on the road. the city is also spread out far you live in south austin for example and expect to commute to work in north austin within a reasonable time. drivers are rude and reckless here; never seen more car accidents in my life. been nearly twice, almost a dozen times, and just about at least 5 times. if you add any rain or ice to the road just stay inside and go anywhere. the traffic is currently my biggest complaint here, because i could live in a fun area like hyde park and commute to area no problem if it for the awful traffic. just not willing to spend 45+ minutes on the road because that takes away time i could be spending with my son. there is so much fun stuff to do on all sides of austin, and i feel pretty contained to north austin just because of how long it takes to get anywhere via or 35.
the weather is not great. granted, coming from san diego where i had very few complaints to make about the weather. we moved here in june and instantly it got hot and let up for months. it was fine at first, i made it work, but by late august i was sick to death of it. have to wake up early and do anything outdoors we wanted to do first thing in the morning. then have to stay inside in the afternoon because it would get too outdoors to do anything. if not in water, dripping in sweat. so many activities are prohibitive unless you do them in the morning. it even let up at night it would be 90+ degrees at 10pm. october and november were definitely more reasonable, but then happened. there were so many days where the temps were in the and for the high. i know that it would get that consistently cold. i know it would freezing rain and that schools would close as a result. i realize that have to wrap my outdoor pipes in cloth and leave my faucets dripping to prevent my pipes from bursting.
the bugs are gross. now, an person so used to seeing bugs here and there and fine. but not really okay with the amount of wasps around here (and how they keep building nests on my house and deck) or the mosquitoes. the mosquitoes got really terrible for a while in the late summer, and i was getting destroyed by them when i went out hiking. not used to having to wear bug spray and pretty annoying. the worst of all is the fire ants. now had my whole foot on by them, and it was itchy and terrible for weeks. my son gets bit regularly at school and at parks. stupid fuckers and i want them gone forever.
the allergies. oh man, i forgot how terrible they make you feel. i had bad hay fever when i lived in minnesota, but it quite like this. allergies here will knock you out. in fact, i called in sick to work today due to allergies for the first time in my life. not just a stuffy nose or itchy eyes. here, the cedar will destroy you it makes your whole body fatigued, your eyes heavy and painful, your brain foggy, and your throat sore. no amount of allegra or seems to help, so people tend to get allergy injections. just terrible.
not enough indoor activities for toddlers. when the weather is too hot, too cold, or raining, i struggle to find things for us to do. a couple indoor playgrounds and the museum, but my son gets sick every single time we go there. only so many times we can go to the mall, and not old enough for trampoline parks or movie theaters. san diego have that many indoor activities either, but we rarely needed them.
~*~
in summary, giving austin a b- score as of right now. it (yet) feel like my forever home, however if i imagine leaving it that makes me sad as well. being hit right now with a douse of heavy homesickness for my beloved san diego, but i know if a phase or not. austin has a lot of wonderful perks for, diverse, active families. these things come with a bit of pain points, like most major cities in the u.s. nice to be close to the beautiful hill country, and not too far from san antonio or waco (which offer bigger, better zoos). missing a few things dreadfully from socal: the mexican food, disneyland, the safari park, and the zoo. i even miss the ocean, despite not spending much time there. hopefully time will heal these going to be spending this time in austin saving up money for my inevitable return to southern california in the future.
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it’s* bɪn 7 mənθs naʊ sɪns aɪ pækt ɔl əv maɪ bɪˈlɔŋɪŋz ˈɪntu ə ˈmuvɪŋ væn ənd hɑpt ˈɔntu ə flaɪt wɪθ maɪ ˈtɑdlər frəm sæn diˈeɪgoʊ tɪ ɑr nu hoʊm ɪn ˈɔstən, tx*. aɪ ˈfɪgjərd sɪns ðə nu ənd ˈʃaɪni həz wɔrn ɔf ənd ˈsɛtəld kəmˈplitli ˈɪntu ˈnɔrməlsi, ə gʊd taɪm tɪ əˈsɛs ənd kəmˈpɛr ðə ˈsɪti wɪθ maɪ bɪˈləvəd sæn diˈeɪgoʊ. ˈkɑrənt ˈɔstən ˈvərdɪkt: bi- lɛt mi ˈprɛfəs ðɪs baɪ seɪɪŋ ðət ə bɪt əv ən ɑd dək wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈfɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈpleɪsɪz ənd ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt ˈlɪvɪŋ ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən fər ˌmaɪˈsɛlf. ju si, ə ˈkəntri gərl ɪn maɪ hɑrt, ðoʊ ˈɔlˌweɪz lɪvd ɪn ˈiðər ðə ˈsɪti ər ə blænd ˈsəbərb. aɪ wɔnt ˈeɪkərɪʤ, fɑrm ˈænəməlz, maɪ oʊn wʊdz tɪ ɪkˈsplɔr, ə dərt roʊd ˈlidɪŋ əp tɪ maɪ ˈmɑdəst haʊs, rum tɪ ˈgɑrdən ənd hæv goʊts ənd ˈʧɪkənz ənd ˈhɔrsɪz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlɪˌbərəl ənd ˈeɪθiəst, ˈðɛrˌfɔr aɪ ˈrɪli fɪt ɪn wɪθ ə lɔt əv ðə folk”*” əraʊnd ˈtɛksəs. aɪ hæv til hɛr ənd piercings*. bət ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈməðər əv ə ˈtɑdlər ənd aɪ ˈrɪli əˈpriʃiˌeɪt θɪŋz səʧ ɛz: gʊd skulz, ˈneɪbərˌhʊd pɑrks, ˈpraɪvət pulz, ənd seɪf ˈsaɪdˌwɔks ənd strits. aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈrɪli ləv biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ tɪ stuff”*”. soʊ ɪn ðə ˈæbsəns əv ˈhævɪŋ maɪ oʊn fɑrm, ðə ˈsɛkənd bɛst ˈɔpʃən ɪz ə nis, seɪf,, ““hip”*” ˈneɪbərˌhʊd ɪn ə gʊd skul ˈdɪstrɪkt. ənd ˈsəmθɪŋ aʊt əv maɪ praɪs reɪnʤ tu fɑr frəm wərk. maɪ ˈlɪvɪŋ ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən həz bɪn ɪn bɪtˈwin maɪ aɪˈdilz, ə pleɪs ðət həz bɪn ˈsutəbəl ənd ˈædəkˌweɪt, bət nɑt ɪgˈzæktli ˈɔsəm. ɪn ˈeɪvəri rænʧ, wɪʧ ɪz ˈvɛri fɑr nɔrθ əv ˈɔstən, ˈbeɪsɪkli bɪtˈwin ˈsidər pɑrk ənd raʊnd rɑk jɛt ˈsəmˌhaʊ stɪl ˈgɪvɪn ən ˈɔstən ˈprɑpər ˈæˌdrɛs dɪˈspaɪt nɑt ˈfilɪŋ laɪk ˈɔstən æt ɔl. ðə ˈvɛri ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ə ˈkʊki ˈkətər ˈsəbərb. kwaɪət, neighborhoody*, wɪθ lɑts əv ˈʧɪldrən. ðə hoʊmz ɔl lʊk ðə seɪm, ər ʤaɪənt (laɪk aɪ nid ə 2200 skwɛr fʊt haʊs), ənd ər ɔl frəm ɑr zoʊnd ˌɛləˈmɛnʧri skul. maɪ jɑrd ɪz lɑrʤ, ðɛr ɪz ə bɪt əv ˈreɪʃəl dɪˈvərsɪti, ənd wi gɪt ɑr oʊn ˈpraɪvət pul wɪθ ə ˈweɪdɪŋ ˈɛntri fər maɪ sən. ðɛr ər pɑrks ənd ˈpleɪˌgraʊnz. ənd ðə ˈvɛri bɛst θɪŋ ɪz ðət ə ʃɔrt wɔk frəm ən ˈækˌsɛs pɔɪnt ˈɔntu ðə ˈbrəʃi krik haɪk baɪk treɪl, ə tru nɔrθ ˈɔstən ʤɛm. peɪɪŋ 300 lɛs ə mənθ ðən aɪ wɑz peɪɪŋ fər ə haʊs ˈɔlˌmoʊst hæf ðə saɪz ɪn sæn diˈeɪgoʊ. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, nɑt tɪ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. ðə ˈnɪrəst ˈrɛˌstrɑnts ənd ˈkɔfi ʃɑp ər ə maɪl əˈweɪ, ənd ʃʊr aɪ du wɔk ðɛr ɔn əˈkeɪʒən, bət nɑt jaunt”*” ˈlɛvəlz əv kloʊz, əˈspɛʃəli wɪn 100 dɪˈgriz ɪn ðə ˈsəmər. kəm tɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz ðət nɑt ˈrɪli ə ˈsəbərb ˈpərsən. aɪ kən lɪv hir, ənd aɪ θɪŋk ˈprɑbəˌbli greɪt fər ˈhɛnri (ənd maɪ ˈfaɪˌnænsɪz) wɪʧ ɪz waɪ goʊɪŋ tɪ muv ɪn wɪθ maɪ bɛst frɛnd wɪn ɑr ˈlisɪz ər əp ənd steɪ ɪn ðə ˈsəbərbz soʊ aɪ kən seɪv, seɪv, seɪv. bət ˈmeɪkɪŋ mi fil laɪk ðɪs maɪ fərˈɛvər hoʊm. aɪ traɪ tɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ðə fˈjuʧər wɪθ mi ɛz ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈpərsən (bɪˈkəz aɪ wɔnt tɪ hæv tɪ rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ˈsəmˌwən ɛls ˌfaɪˈnænʃəli) ənd ʤɪst nɑt ʃʊr ðət maɪ drim əv ˈoʊnɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈhɑbi fɑrm kən bɪˈkəm ˌriˈæləˌti hir, ɛz lɔŋ ɛz aɪ nid tɪ bi kəmˈjutɪŋ ˈdɪstəns tɪ ðə ˈvɪdioʊˌgeɪm ˈstudiˌoʊz. soʊ, aɪ fil laɪk maɪ ˈɔstən ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪz ˈkələrd ə bɪt baɪ ðə pɑrt ðət aɪ lɪv ɪn. aɪ spɛnd moʊst əv maɪ taɪm ɪn ˈsidər pɑrk, liˈændər, nɔrθ ˈɔstən, ər raʊnd rɑk. ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn ˈoʊnli ˈhæpənz ɔn ðə ˈwiˌkɛndz, ˈmeɪbi wən ˈwiˌkɪnd ə mənθ tɪ goʊ tɪ ˈleɪdi bərd haɪk baɪk treɪl ər pɑrk. ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli goʊ wɛst tɪ ˈdrɪpɪŋ spərɪŋz fər ðə zu. ˈoʊnli bɪn tɪ saʊθ ənd ist ˈɔstən wəns sɪns ˈmuvɪŋ hir. aɪ fil laɪk ɪf aɪ lɪvd ˈsəmˌwɛr laɪk haɪd pɑrk, fil mɔr sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ people”*” ənd gɪt ðət ˈɔstən fil ðət aɪ wɑz ˈhoʊpɪŋ fər, bət ɪt wʊd meɪk maɪ kəmˈjut tɪ wərk lɔŋ ənd hæv tɪ swɪʧ maɪ skul wɪʧ wʊd bi ə juʤ ˈbəmər. θɪŋz aɪ ləv: fərst ənd ˈfɔrˌmoʊst, ðə pɑrks ənd treɪlz. ˈɑbviəsli sɪns aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd ðɪs blɔg, klɪr ðət ˈrɪli ˌɛnˈʤɔɪɪŋ ɪkˈsplɔrɪŋ ðə ˈaʊtˈdɔrz hir. səˈpraɪzɪŋli fər ə ˈsɪti wɪθ səʧ əˈprɛsɪv ˈwɛðər, ðɛr ɪz ˈivɪn mɔr tɪ du ˈaʊtˈdɔrz hir ðən sæn diˈeɪgoʊ. ju draɪv fɑr wɪˈθaʊt ˈrənɪŋ ˈɪntu ə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd pɑrk. ðeɪ ɔl hæv ˈbjutəfəl ˈʃeɪdɪd fər ðə kɪdz, ˈləvli bɪg grin triz, ˈmænɪkjərd pæθs ənd treɪlz. səm hæv ˈpiˌkɑks, ər kriks tɪ weɪd ɪn. ðɛr ər səm ˈətərli əˈmeɪzɪŋ ˈpleɪˌgraʊnz laɪk ðə pleɪ fər ɔl əˈbɪləˌtiz pɑrk ɪn raʊnd rɑk, ʤoʊæn lænd, ˈkæθərɪn fleicher*, ˈmɪlˌbərn pɑrk. ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ ðə pulz ənd kriks. gɔn ər ðə deɪz wɛr ju hæv tɪ goʊ tɪ ə waterpark*. ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri ˈneɪbərˌhʊd həz ɪts oʊn pul (ɑrz həz wɪθ waterslides*, splæʃ pædz, ˈtɑdlər pulz, ənd bɪg ˈfaʊntənz. ˈmɛni əv ðɛm ər 100 fri. ðɛr ər pulz ðət steɪ ðə seɪm ˈtɛmpərəʧər year-round*. ðɛr ər ˈrændəm splæʃ pædz ɔl ˈoʊvər, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðɪs ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ˈdaɪnəˌsɔr wən ɪn liˈændər. ɪf wi wɔnt tɪ weɪd ɪn ə mɔr ˈnæʧərəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt, ðɛr ər kriks ənd sˈwɪmɪŋ hoʊlz ɪn ðə ˈrɪvərz. ðɛr ər ˈsændi ““beaches”*” ɔn səm əv ðə leɪks hir. ðɛr ɪz ən ˈoʊʃən ə fju aʊər draɪv əˈweɪ. ju kən ˈdɛfənətli gɪt ɔl ðə ˈaʊtˌdɔr ˈwɔtər fən ju kʊd ˈɛvər wɔnt hir. soʊ hir. ðɛr ər soʊ ˈmɛni ˈrɛˌstrɑnts wɪθ ˈbjutəfəl əˈtæʧt ˈaʊtˌdɔr ˈpleɪˌgraʊnz, soʊ ˈpɛrənts kən ʧæt ənd kɪdz kən pleɪ. ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈʧaɪldˌkɛr ˈpleɪsɪz wɛr fər ən aʊər, ju kən liv jʊr ʧaɪld tɪ pleɪ ɪn ə seɪf, ˈstrəkʧərd ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt. ɪt ˈrɪli teɪks ðə strɛs əˈweɪ frəm ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˌlæsˈmɪnət ˈsɪtərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈdeɪˌtaɪm, ənd greɪt wɪn skul ɪz kloʊzd ənd ju stɪl hæv tɪ wərk. juzd ɪt ə fju taɪmz ənd ɛz ˈhɛnri gɪts ˈoʊldər aɪ kʊd si ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ˈjuzɪŋ ɪt ˈivɪn mɔr. ˈɔlsoʊ soʊ məʧ tɪ du wɪθ kɪdz hir, ənd ɪt ˈoʊnli ˌɪnˈkrisɪz ɛz ðeɪ gɪt ˈoʊldər: bəˈtænɪkəl ˈgɑrdən, pɑrk, haɪks, zu, ˈhɔrsˌbæk ˈraɪdɪŋ, ˈskəlpʧər ˈgɑrdənz, ˈneɪʧər prɪˈzərvz, əˈmeɪzɪŋ tɔɪ stɔrz, əkˈwɛriəm, ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz, mˈjuziəmz, treɪnz, mɔlz, ðə lɪst goʊz ɔn. ðə ˈpriˌskul ˈʧɔɪsɪz ər væst ənd əˈfɔrdəbəl kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ˈsiˈeɪ. maɪ goʊz tɪ ˈaʊtˌdɔr fɑrm skul ənd ðə kɔst fər fʊl taɪm kɛr ɪz wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludz milz ənd snæks. ðɪs seɪm ˈproʊˌgræm wʊd ˈizəli bi 1600 ɪn sæn diˈeɪgoʊ. ðɛr ər stɛm skulz ənd skulz, tənz əv montessoris*, ˈsɛkjələr ənd rɪˈlɪʤəs, ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˌɪˈmərʒən, ənd ðə ˈʧɔɪsɪz ˈnɛvər sim tɪ ɛnd. ɪf aɪ soʊ ˈhæpi wɪθ ˈkɑrənt skul, ðɛr ər æt list ə ˈdəzən bi ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈɪntu. ðə kɔst əv ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪz səbˈstænʃəli loʊər. waɪl səm θɪŋz sim tɪ kɔst əˈbaʊt ðə seɪm (hɛr səˈlɑnz, ˈgroʊsəriz), səm θɪŋz ər weɪ ˈʧipər (gæs, ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈsɪti, juˈtɪlətiz). soʊ fɑr ðə ˈoʊnli θɪŋ ðət simz mɔr ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ɪz ˈɔtoʊ ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns. wɪˈθɪn ˈɔstən ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ə tən tɪ du əˈspɛʃəli ɪf ju ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ gʊd fud ənd ˈhæŋɪŋ əraʊnd ˈaʊtˈdɔrz. tənz əv bɑrz ənd ˈrɛˌstrɑnts, lɪv mˈjuzɪk, greɪt ˈbɑrbɪˌkju ənd tɛks mɛks. ˈɛvəri ˈrɛˌstrɑnt ˈprɪti məʧ həz ə ˈbjutəfəl ˈpætiˌoʊ. ə ˈkəlʧər hir ðət ˈrɪli ɛmˈbreɪsɪz ˈpipəl biɪŋ juˈnik ənd aɪ laɪk ðət ə lɔt. ðɛr ər tənz əv ɪˈvɛnts ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə ˈɔstən ˈɛriə ɔn ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ˈɛvəri ˈwiˌkɪnd. wi ˈnɛvər sɪt əraʊnd bɔrd ˈwəndərɪŋ wət tɪ du hir. aɪ ləv ðət maɪ ˈneɪbərˌhʊd aɪ lɪv ɪn ɪz soʊ kwaɪət ənd seɪf. ˈoʊnli hərd ˈsaɪrənz ə ˈkəpəl əv taɪmz. maɪ haʊs ɪz nis, klin, ənd ˈprɪti nu. maɪ ˈneɪbərz tɔk tɪ iʧ ˈəðər, bət pəˈlaɪt. aɪ hæv ə nis bɪg ˈbæˌkjɑrd fər maɪ dɔg ənd maɪ sən, ənd aɪ hæv ˈæmpəl speɪs ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl fər wət aɪ nid (ənd fər gɛsts). θɪŋz aɪ ləv: ðə ˈtræfɪk hir ɪz ʤɪst əˈbɪzməl. wɪn aɪ rɛd əˈbaʊt ˈɔstən ˈtræfɪk ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmuvɪŋ hir, aɪ wɑz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ðət ɪt ˈrɪli kəmˈpɛr tɪ lɑ ˈtræfɪk soʊ ɪt məst nɑt bi ðət bæd. ðə ˈprɑbləm ɪz ðɪs ˈsɪti gru fæst ənd stɪl groʊɪŋ fæst. ɪt səˈpɔrt ðə əˈmaʊnt əv kɑz ɔn ðə roʊd. ðə ˈsɪti ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ sprɛd aʊt fɑr ju lɪv ɪn saʊθ ˈɔstən fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ənd ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ kəmˈjut tɪ wərk ɪn nɔrθ ˈɔstən wɪˈθɪn ə ˈrizənəbəl taɪm. ˈdraɪvərz ər rud ənd ˈrɛkləs hir; ˈnɛvər sin mɔr kɑr ˈæksədənts ɪn maɪ laɪf. bɪn ˈnɪrli twaɪs, ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə ˈdəzən taɪmz, ənd ʤɪst əˈbaʊt æt list 5 taɪmz. ɪf ju æd ˈɛni reɪn ər aɪs tɪ ðə roʊd ʤɪst steɪ ˌɪnˈsaɪd ənd goʊ ˈɛniˌwɛr. ðə ˈtræfɪk ɪz ˈkərəntli maɪ ˈbɪgəst kəmˈpleɪnt hir, bɪˈkəz aɪ kʊd lɪv ɪn ə fən ˈɛriə laɪk haɪd pɑrk ənd kəmˈjut tɪ ˈɛriə noʊ ˈprɑbləm ɪf ɪt fər ðə ˈɔfəl ˈtræfɪk. ʤɪst nɑt ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ spɛnd 45 ˈmɪnəts ɔn ðə roʊd bɪˈkəz ðət teɪks əˈweɪ taɪm aɪ kʊd bi ˈspɛndɪŋ wɪθ maɪ sən. ðɛr ɪz soʊ məʧ fən stəf tɪ du ɔn ɔl saɪdz əv ˈɔstən, ənd aɪ fil ˈprɪti kənˈteɪnd tɪ nɔrθ ˈɔstən ʤɪst bɪˈkəz əv haʊ lɔŋ ɪt teɪks tɪ gɪt ˈɛniˌwɛr ˈviə ər 35 ðə ˈwɛðər ɪz nɑt greɪt. ˈgrænɪd, ˈkəmɪŋ frəm sæn diˈeɪgoʊ wɛr aɪ hæd ˈvɛri fju kəmˈpleɪnts tɪ meɪk əˈbaʊt ðə ˈwɛðər. wi muvd hir ɪn ʤun ənd ˈɪnstəntli ɪt gɑt hɑt ənd lɛt əp fər mənθs. ɪt wɑz faɪn æt fərst, aɪ meɪd ɪt wərk, bət baɪ leɪt ˈɔgəst aɪ wɑz sɪk tɪ dɛθ əv ɪt. hæv tɪ weɪk əp ˈərli ənd du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˈaʊtˈdɔrz wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ du fərst θɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ. ðɛn hæv tɪ steɪ ˌɪnˈsaɪd ɪn ðə ˌæftərˈnun bɪˈkəz ɪt wʊd gɪt tu ˈaʊtˈdɔrz tɪ du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. ɪf nɑt ɪn ˈwɔtər, ˈdrɪpɪŋ ɪn swɛt. soʊ ˈmɛni ækˈtɪvɪtiz ər proʊˈhɪbətɪv ənˈlɛs ju du ðɛm ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ. ɪt ˈivɪn lɛt əp æt naɪt ɪt wʊd bi 90 dɪˈgriz æt 10pm*. ɑkˈtoʊbər ənd noʊˈvɛmbər wər ˈdɛfənətli mɔr ˈrizənəbəl, bət ðɛn ˈhæpənd. ðɛr wər soʊ ˈmɛni deɪz wɛr ðə tɛmps wər ɪn ðə ənd fər ðə haɪ. aɪ noʊ ðət ɪt wʊd gɪt ðət kənˈsɪstəntli koʊld. aɪ noʊ ɪt wʊd ˈfrizɪŋ reɪn ənd ðət skulz wʊd kloʊz ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt. aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz ðət hæv tɪ ræp maɪ ˈaʊtˌdɔr paɪps ɪn klɔθ ənd liv maɪ ˈfɔsəts ˈdrɪpɪŋ tɪ prɪˈvɛnt maɪ paɪps frəm ˈbərstɪŋ. ðə bəgz ər groʊs. naʊ, ən ˈpərsən soʊ juzd tɪ siɪŋ bəgz hir ənd ðɛr ənd faɪn. bət nɑt ˈrɪli ˌoʊˈkeɪ wɪθ ðə əˈmaʊnt əv wɑsps əraʊnd hir (ənd haʊ ðeɪ kip ˈbɪldɪŋ nɛsts ɔn maɪ haʊs ənd dɛk) ər ðə məˈskitoʊz. ðə məˈskitoʊz gɑt ˈrɪli ˈtɛrəbəl fər ə waɪl ɪn ðə leɪt ˈsəmər, ənd aɪ wɑz ˈgɪtɪŋ dɪˈstrɔɪd baɪ ðɛm wɪn aɪ wɛnt aʊt ˈhaɪkɪŋ. nɑt juzd tɪ ˈhævɪŋ tɪ wɛr bəg spreɪ ənd ˈprɪti əˈnɔɪɪŋ. ðə wərst əv ɔl ɪz ðə faɪər ænts. naʊ hæd maɪ hoʊl fʊt ɔn baɪ ðɛm, ənd ɪt wɑz ˈɪʧi ənd ˈtɛrəbəl fər wiks. maɪ sən gɪts bɪt ˈrɛgjələrli æt skul ənd æt pɑrks. ˈstupɪd ˈfəkərz ənd aɪ wɔnt ðɛm gɔn fərˈɛvər. ðə ˈælərʤiz. oʊ mæn, aɪ fərˈgɑt haʊ ˈtɛrəbəl ðeɪ meɪk ju fil. aɪ hæd bæd heɪ ˈfivər wɪn aɪ lɪvd ɪn ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə, bət ɪt kwaɪt laɪk ðɪs. ˈælərʤiz hir wɪl nɑk ju aʊt. ɪn fækt, aɪ kɔld ɪn sɪk tɪ wərk təˈdeɪ du tɪ ˈælərʤiz fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn maɪ laɪf. nɑt ʤɪst ə ˈstəfi noʊz ər ˈɪʧi aɪz. hir, ðə ˈsidər wɪl dɪˈstrɔɪ ju ɪt meɪks jʊr hoʊl ˈbɑdi fəˈtigd, jʊr aɪz ˈhɛvi ənd ˈpeɪnfəl, jʊr breɪn ˈfɑgi, ənd jʊr θroʊt sɔr. noʊ əˈmaʊnt əv ɑˈlɛgrə ər simz tɪ hɛlp, soʊ ˈpipəl tɛnd tɪ gɪt ˈælərʤi ˌɪnˈʤɛkʃənz. ʤɪst ˈtɛrəbəl. nɑt ɪˈnəf ˈɪnˌdɔr ækˈtɪvɪtiz fər ˈtɑdlərz. wɪn ðə ˈwɛðər ɪz tu hɑt, tu koʊld, ər ˈreɪnɪŋ, aɪ ˈstrəgəl tɪ faɪnd θɪŋz fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ du. ə ˈkəpəl ˈɪnˌdɔr ˈpleɪˌgraʊnz ənd ðə mˈjuziəm, bət maɪ sən gɪts sɪk ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl taɪm wi goʊ ðɛr. ˈoʊnli soʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz wi kən goʊ tɪ ðə mɔl, ənd nɑt oʊld ɪˈnəf fər ˌtræmpəˈlin pɑrks ər ˈmuvi ˈθiətərz. sæn diˈeɪgoʊ hæv ðət ˈmɛni ˈɪnˌdɔr ækˈtɪvɪtiz ˈiðər, bət wi ˈrɛrli ˈnidɪd ðɛm. ɪn ˈsəməri, ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈɔstən ə bi- skɔr ɛz əv raɪt naʊ. ɪt (jɛt) fil laɪk maɪ fərˈɛvər hoʊm, ˌhaʊˈɛvər ɪf aɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ˈlivɪŋ ɪt ðət meɪks mi sæd ɛz wɛl. biɪŋ hɪt raɪt naʊ wɪθ ə daʊs əv ˈhɛvi ˈhoʊmˌsɪknəs fər maɪ bɪˈləvəd sæn diˈeɪgoʊ, bət aɪ noʊ ɪf ə feɪz ər nɑt. ˈɔstən həz ə lɔt əv ˈwəndərfəl pərks fər, dɪˈvərs, ˈæktɪv ˈfæməliz. ðiz θɪŋz kəm wɪθ ə bɪt əv peɪn pɔɪnts, laɪk moʊst ˈmeɪʤər ˈsɪtiz ɪn ðə juz. nis tɪ bi kloʊz tɪ ðə ˈbjutəfəl hɪl ˈkəntri, ənd nɑt tu fɑr frəm sæn ænˈtoʊnioʊ ər ˈweɪkoʊ (wɪʧ ˈɔfər ˈbɪgər, ˈbɛtər zuz). ˈmɪsɪŋ ə fju θɪŋz ˈdrɛdfəli frəm ˈsoʊkəl: ðə ˈmɛksəkən fud, ˈdɪzniˌlænd, ðə səˈfɑri pɑrk, ənd ðə zu. aɪ ˈivɪn mɪs ðə ˈoʊʃən, dɪˈspaɪt nɑt ˈspɛndɪŋ məʧ taɪm ðɛr. ˈhoʊpfəli taɪm wɪl hil ðiz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈspɛndɪŋ ðɪs taɪm ɪn ˈɔstən ˈseɪvɪŋ əp ˈməni fər maɪ ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl rɪˈtərn tɪ ˈsəðərn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər.
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there are people in the republic of the congo who proudly strut down dirty streets in alligator boots and designer suits, otherwise living in poverty. meets members of the ‘la sape’ movement, who argue that “price matters.”
“when you dress up you really are the best,” maxime pivot from brazzaville, the capital city of the central african country, told’s documentary channeld. always dressed in bright suits, the man calls himself “the king of color.” where ever he goes, people shout “the god of clothes!” and “the pride of our area!” while falling to their knees. “unbeatable,” they say.
being a proud member of the group known as “the society of and elegant people” or “la sape” comes at a price. the men have been dressing like “dandies,” as they say, since the congolese soldiers who fought in france during world war returned home to africa, bringing parisian fashions with them.
splurging money they really have on designer clothes, the dress of these men stands out in stark contrast to their surroundings. they never give a second thought to walking dirty streets in shoes that cost them and their families more than a fortune.
“i saved up to buy [these shoes],” pivot toldd. “it took me almost two years. if i bought this pair, have bought a plot of land,” he said proudly, adding that the designer logo that adds to his “dignity” and “self-esteem.” “i had to buy them,” he said.
thes, as these men call themselves, wear fakes (“because if you put on a fake thing, everybody will know”) and “must own different outfits,” so not only one piece of land that has been sacrificed to style and affectation in the streets of brazzaville, which is the center of the “la sape” movement.
“to stand out, you must have lots of clothes and shoes that makes a dandy,” another toldd, showing racks of kenzo, armani and yves saint laurent suits in his modest home. “there are rivalries, so the price matters,” severin said.
the thrill of competition and investing in their image is more important to these men than improving their living conditions. no price the congolese pay to be part of their “gentlemen’s society.” “i go to the bank, get credit, and i buy, buy, buy,” said.
stories of significant financial troubles are often hidden beneath the fine fabrics of the french and italian suits they wear. to afford the price tag, the “dandies” have to save, borrow, or even steal money, they admit. but dressing smartly is truly an addiction, they say. “these are weapons, they kill,” the man toldd, pointing at piles of designer accessories.
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ðɛr ər ˈpipəl ɪn ðə riˈpəblɪk əv ðə ˈkɑŋgoʊ hu ˈpraʊdli strət daʊn ˈdərti strits ɪn ˈæləˌgeɪtər buts ənd dɪˈzaɪnər suts, ˈəðərˌwaɪz ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈpɑvərti. mits ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə sape’*’ ˈmuvmənt, hu ˈɑrgju ðət matters.”*.” ju drɛs əp ju ˈrɪli ər ðə best,”*,” mækˈsim ˈpɪvət frəm ˈbræzəvɪl, ðə ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪti əv ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˈæfrɪkɑn ˈkəntri, toʊld ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri ˈʧænəl rtd*. ˈɔlˌweɪz drɛst ɪn braɪt suts, ðə mæn kɔlz hɪmˈsɛlf kɪŋ əv color.”*.” wɛr ˈɛvər hi goʊz, ˈpipəl ʃaʊt gɑd əv clothes!”*!” ənd praɪd əv ɑr area!”*!” waɪl ˈfɑlɪŋ tɪ ðɛr niz. ““unbeatable,”*,” ðeɪ seɪ. biɪŋ ə praʊd ˈmɛmbər əv ðə grup noʊn ɛz soʊˈsaɪɪti əv ənd ˈɛləgənt people”*” ər sape”*” kəmz æt ə praɪs. ðə mɛn hæv bɪn ˈdrɛsɪŋ laɪk ““dandies,”*,” ɛz ðeɪ seɪ, sɪns ðə ˌkɑngəˈliz ˈsoʊlʤərz hu fɔt ɪn fræns ˈdʊrɪŋ wərld wɔr rɪˈtərnd hoʊm tɪ ˈæfrɪkɑ, ˈbrɪŋɪŋ pərˈɪʒən ˈfæʃənz wɪθ ðɛm. ˈsplərʤɪŋ ˈməni ðeɪ ˈrɪli hæv ɔn dɪˈzaɪnər kloʊðz, ðə drɛs əv ðiz mɛn stændz aʊt ɪn stɑrk ˈkɑntræst tɪ ðɛr sərˈaʊndɪŋz. ðeɪ ˈnɛvər gɪv ə ˈsɛkənd θɔt tɪ ˈwɔkɪŋ ˈdərti strits ɪn ʃuz ðət kɔst ðɛm ənd ðɛr ˈfæməliz mɔr ðən ə ˈfɔrʧən. seɪvd əp tɪ baɪ [ðiz shoes],”*],” ˈpɪvət toʊld rtd*. tʊk mi ˈɔlˌmoʊst tu jɪrz. ɪf aɪ bɔt ðɪs pɛr, hæv bɔt ə plɑt əv land,”*,” hi sɛd ˈpraʊdli, ˈædɪŋ ðət ðə dɪˈzaɪnər ˈloʊgoʊ ðət ædz tɪ hɪz ““dignity”*” ənd ““self-esteem.”*.” hæd tɪ baɪ them,”*,” hi sɛd. ðə sapeurs*, ɛz ðiz mɛn kɔl ðɛmˈsɛlvz, wɛr feɪks ɪf ju pʊt ɔn ə feɪk θɪŋ, ˈɛvriˌbɑdi wɪl know”*”) ənd oʊn ˈdɪfərənt outfits,”*,” soʊ nɑt ˈoʊnli wən pis əv lænd ðət həz bɪn ˈsækrəˌfaɪst tɪ staɪl ənd ˌæfɛkˈteɪʃən ɪn ðə strits əv ˈbræzəvɪl, wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə sape”*” ˈmuvmənt. stænd aʊt, ju məst hæv lɑts əv kloʊðz ənd ʃuz ðət meɪks ə dandy,”*,” əˈnəðər toʊld rtd*, ʃoʊɪŋ ræks əv ˈkɛnzoʊ, ˌɑrˈmɑni ənd iv seɪnt ˈlɔrənt suts ɪn hɪz ˈmɑdəst hoʊm. ər ˈraɪvəlriz, soʊ ðə praɪs matters,”*,” ˈsɛvərɪn sɛd. ðə θrɪl əv ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ənd ˌɪnˈvɛstɪŋ ɪn ðɛr ˈɪmɪʤ ɪz mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ðiz mɛn ðən ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ðɛr ˈlɪvɪŋ kənˈdɪʃənz. noʊ praɪs ðə ˌkɑngəˈliz peɪ tɪ bi pɑrt əv ðɛr society.”*.” goʊ tɪ ðə bæŋk, gɪt ˈkrɛdɪt, ənd aɪ baɪ, baɪ, buy,”*,” sɛd. ˈstɔriz əv sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈtrəbəlz ər ˈɔfən ˈhɪdən bɪˈniθ ðə faɪn ˈfæbrɪks əv ðə frɛnʧ ənd ˌɪˈtæljən suts ðeɪ wɛr. tɪ əˈfɔrd ðə praɪs tæg, ðə ““dandies”*” hæv tɪ seɪv, ˈbɑˌroʊ, ər ˈivɪn stil ˈməni, ðeɪ ədˈmɪt. bət ˈdrɛsɪŋ sˈmɑrtli ɪz ˈtruli ən əˈdɪkʃən, ðeɪ seɪ. ər ˈwɛpənz, ðeɪ kill,”*,” ðə mæn toʊld rtd*, ˈpɔɪntɪŋ æt paɪlz əv dɪˈzaɪnər ækˈsɛsəriz.
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switzerland is far from flawless, but still a unique country.
our friend claudio grass has discussed switzerland in these pages before, and on one of these occasions we added some background information on truly unique political system (see “the people against the establishment” for the details). people are generally aware that direct democracy in the form of frequent referendums is a major characteristic of the swiss system, but how many people know that the executive is essentially modeled after the system established in the city states of ancient greece?
claudio was recently interviewed by jeff deist of the mises institute on what we can learn from switzerland, which despite its undeniable flaws, continues to stand out among european nations states as a beacon of liberty. as the introduction at the mises institute notes, political life in switzerland differentiates itself by its strongly pronounced degree of and the major limitations it places on central political power structures at the federal level:
switzerland is no libertarian paradise. it has bureaucrats and a wayward central bank. but it remains an astonishing modern example of the principles of federalism and in action. in fact, it exemplifies lew daydream: nobody much knows or cares who is president. its federal administrative state demonstrates humility instead of hubris. and virtually all political decisions, from taxes to welfare to immigration, are decided locally.
historically, swiss may also have to do with its geography, but be that as it may, who like to live in a country in which “nobody knows or cares much who the president is”? indeed, the swiss president is a true primus inter pares, as his power exceed that of his six colleagues in the federal council.
the principle that regulates between political parties on the council guarantees a certain deliberative inertia, so to speak. there is little danger that it will take radical decisions out of the blue. the best politicians are generally those who do nothing, or very little. it is the one has to fear most; as a rule they tend to be both dangerous and expensive.
if one has to suffer the ignominy of government, it should ideally be nothing more than a footnote in most lives. in other words, the opposite of what governments are seemingly trying to become all over the world. it seems to us though that a is already well underway. assorted central planners and social engineers are getting desperate, because they can sense that power is slipping from their grasp.
alas, the journey from where we are to where we ideally ought to be which is a world in which ordering other people around is seen as a laughable anachronism is going to involve a long and winding road. realistically, small steps will have to be taken and a place like switzerland certainly holds a few valuable lessons worth thinking about.
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sˈwɪtsərlənd ɪz fɑr frəm ˈflɔləs, bət stɪl ə juˈnik ˈkəntri. ɑr frɛnd ˈklɔdiˌoʊ græs həz dɪˈskəst sˈwɪtsərlənd ɪn ðiz ˈpeɪʤɪz ˌbiˈfɔr, ənd ɔn wən əv ðiz ɔˈkeɪʒənz wi ˈædɪd səm ˈbækˌgraʊnd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ˈtruli juˈnik pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsɪstəm (si ˈpipəl əˈgɛnst ðə establishment”*” fər ðə ˈditeɪlz). ˈpipəl ər ˈʤɛnərəli əˈwɛr ðət dɪˈrɛkt dɪˈmɑkrəsi ɪn ðə fɔrm əv ˈfrikˌwɛnt ˌrɛfərˈɛndəmz ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪk əv ðə swɪs ˈsɪstəm, bət haʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl noʊ ðət ðə ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ɪz ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈmɑdəld ˈæftər ðə ˈsɪstəm ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈsɪti steɪts əv ˈeɪnʧənt gris? ˈklɔdiˌoʊ wɑz ˈrisəntli ˈɪntərvˌjud baɪ ʤɛf diɪst əv ðə ˈmaɪzɪz ˈɪnstɪˌtut ɔn wət wi kən lərn frəm sˈwɪtsərlənd, wɪʧ dɪˈspaɪt ɪts ˌəndɪˈnaɪəbəl flɔz, kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ stænd aʊt əˈməŋ ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈneɪʃənz steɪts ɛz ə ˈbikən əv ˈlɪbərˌti. ɛz ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən æt ðə ˈmaɪzɪz ˈɪnstɪˌtut noʊts, pəˈlɪtɪkəl laɪf ɪn sˈwɪtsərlənd ˌdɪfərˈɛnʧiˌeɪts ˌɪtˈsɛlf baɪ ɪts ˈstrɔŋli prəˈnaʊnst dɪˈgri əv ənd ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz ɪt ˈpleɪsɪz ɔn ˈsɛntrəl pəˈlɪtɪkəl paʊər ˈstrəkʧərz æt ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈlɛvəl: sˈwɪtsərlənd ɪz noʊ ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən ˈpɛrəˌdaɪs. ɪt həz ˈbjʊrəˌkræts ənd ə ˈweɪwərd ˈsɛntrəl bæŋk. bət ɪt rɪˈmeɪnz ən əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ ˈmɑdərn ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðə ˈprɪnsəpəlz əv ˈfɛdərəˌlɪzəm ənd ɪn ˈækʃən. ɪn fækt, ɪt ɪgˈzɛmpləˌfaɪz lu ˈdeɪˌdrim: ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi məʧ noʊz ər kɛrz hu ɪz ˈprɛzɪdənt. ɪts ˈfɛdərəl ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtɪv steɪt ˈdɛmənˌstreɪts hjuˈmɪlɪti ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈhjubrəs. ənd ˈvərʧuəli ɔl pəˈlɪtɪkəl dɪˈsɪʒənz, frəm ˈtæksɪz tɪ ˈwɛlˌfɛr tɪ ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən, ər ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ˈloʊkəli. hɪˈstɔrɪkəli, swɪs meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ hæv tɪ du wɪθ ɪts ʤiˈɑgrəfi, bət bi ðət ɛz ɪt meɪ, hu laɪk tɪ lɪv ɪn ə ˈkəntri ɪn wɪʧ noʊz ər kɛrz məʧ hu ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt is”*”? ˌɪnˈdid, ðə swɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪz ə tru ˈpraɪməs ˌɪnˈtər pɛrz, ɛz hɪz paʊər ɪkˈsid ðət əv hɪz sɪks ˈkɑligz ɪn ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈkaʊnsəl. ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl ðət ˈrɛgjəˌleɪts bɪtˈwin pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrtiz ɔn ðə ˈkaʊnsəl ˌgɛrənˈtiz ə ˈsərtən dɪˈlɪbərˌeɪtɪv ˌɪˈnərʃə, soʊ tɪ spik. ðɛr ɪz ˈlɪtəl ˈdeɪnʤər ðət ɪt wɪl teɪk ˈrædɪkəl dɪˈsɪʒənz aʊt əv ðə blu. ðə bɛst ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ər ˈʤɛnərəli ðoʊz hu du ˈnəθɪŋ, ər ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl. ɪt ɪz ðə wən həz tɪ fɪr moʊst; ɛz ə rul ðeɪ tɛnd tɪ bi boʊθ ˈdeɪnʤərəs ənd ɪkˈspɛnsɪv. ɪf wən həz tɪ ˈsəfər ðə ˈɪgnoʊˌmɪni əv ˈgəvərnmənt, ɪt ʃʊd aɪˈdili bi ˈnəθɪŋ mɔr ðən ə ˈfʊtˌnoʊt ɪn moʊst lɪvz. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, ðə ˈɑpəzɪt əv wət ˈgəvərnmənts ər ˈsimɪŋli traɪɪŋ tɪ bɪˈkəm ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə wərld. ɪt simz tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ðoʊ ðət ə ɪz ɔˈrɛdi wɛl ˌəndərˈweɪ. əˈsɔrtɪd ˈsɛntrəl ˈplænərz ənd ˈsoʊʃəl ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz ər ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈdɛspərɪt, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ kən sɛns ðət paʊər ɪz sˈlɪpɪŋ frəm ðɛr græsp. əˈlæs, ðə ˈʤərni frəm wɛr wi ər tɪ wɛr wi aɪˈdili ɔt tɪ bi wɪʧ ɪz ə wərld ɪn wɪʧ ˈɔrdərɪŋ ˈəðər ˈpipəl əraʊnd ɪz sin ɛz ə ˈlæfəbəl əˈnækrəˌnɪzəm ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈvɑlv ə lɔŋ ənd ˈwaɪndɪŋ roʊd. ˌriəˈlɪstɪkli, smɔl stɛps wɪl hæv tɪ bi ˈteɪkən ənd ə pleɪs laɪk sˈwɪtsərlənd ˈsərtənli hoʊldz ə fju ˈvæljəbəl ˈlɛsənz wərθ ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt.
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total number of bars
rank state bars per population
1 north dakota
2 montana
3 wisconsin
4 south dakota
5 iowa
6 nebraska
7 wyoming
specialization in bars
at floatingsheep, we're willing to search for and analyze almost anything that falls within the realm of human experience. sometimes this is mundane (pizza) and sometimes it is contentious (abortion) but most of the time it falls somewhere in between. such as, where can i get a were quite surprised, however, when we did a simple comparison between grocery stores and bars to discover a remarkable geographically phenomenon. we had expected that grocery stores would outnumber bars and for most parts of north america that is the case. but we could also clearly see the "beer belly of america" peeking out through the "t-shirt of in illinois, the beer belly expands up into wisconsin and first spreads westward through and then nebraska, and the dakotas before petering out (like a pair of love handles) in wyoming and clustering was so apparent that we wanted to check how it compared to the "official" data on this activity. so we gathered 2007 census country business pattern on the number of establishments listed in code 722410 (drinking places (alcoholic beverages)) and divided by census estimates for state population totals for 2009 and found remarkable correspondence with our average there are bars for every people in the u.s. but the states that make up the beer belly of america are highly skewed from this slice of the google data which shows the relative number of bars in a location further confirms this concentration. so looks like wisconsin is your best bet.
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ˈtoʊtəl ˈnəmbər əv bɑrz ræŋk steɪt bɑrz pər ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən 1 nɔrθ dəˈkoʊtə 2 mɑnˈtænə 3 wɪˈskɑnsən 4 saʊθ dəˈkoʊtə 5 ˈaɪəwə 6 nəˈbræskə 7 ˌwaɪˈoʊmɪŋ ˌspɛʃələˈzeɪʃən ɪn bɑrz æt floatingsheep*, wɪr ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ sərʧ fər ənd ˈænəˌlaɪz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət fɔlz wɪˈθɪn ðə rɛlm əv ˈjumən ɪkˈspɪriəns. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ðɪs ɪz mənˈdeɪn (ˈpitsə) ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ɪt ɪz kənˈtɛnʃəs (əˈbɔrʃən) bət moʊst əv ðə taɪm ɪt fɔlz ˈsəmˌwɛr ɪn bɪtˈwin. səʧ ɛz, wɛr kən aɪ gɪt ə wər kwaɪt səˈpraɪzd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɪn wi dɪd ə ˈsɪmpəl kəmˈpɛrəsən bɪtˈwin ˈgroʊsəri stɔrz ənd bɑrz tɪ dɪˈskəvər ə rɪˈmɑrkəbəl ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəli fəˈnɑməˌnɑn. wi hæd ɪkˈspɛktɪd ðət ˈgroʊsəri stɔrz wʊd aʊtˈnəmbər bɑrz ənd fər moʊst pɑrts əv nɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkə ðət ɪz ðə keɪs. bət wi kʊd ˈɔlsoʊ ˈklɪrli si ðə "bɪr ˈbɛli əv əˈmɛrɪkə" ˈpikɪŋ aʊt θru ðə "ˈtiˌsərt əv ɪn ˌɪləˈnɔɪz, ðə bɪr ˈbɛli ɪkˈspændz əp ˈɪntu wɪˈskɑnsən ənd fərst sprɛdz ˈwɛstwərd θru ənd ðɛn nəˈbræskə, ənd ðə dəˈkoʊtəz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈpitərɪŋ aʊt (laɪk ə pɛr əv ləv ˈhændəlz) ɪn ˌwaɪˈoʊmɪŋ ənd ˈkləstərɪŋ wɑz soʊ əˈpɛrənt ðət wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ʧɛk haʊ ɪt kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə "əˈfɪʃəl" ˈdætə ɔn ðɪs ækˈtɪvɪti. soʊ wi ˈgæðərd 2007 ˈsɛnsəs ˈkəntri ˈbɪznɪs ˈpætərn ɔn ðə ˈnəmbər əv ɛˈstæblɪʃmənts ˈlɪstɪd ɪn koʊd 722410 (ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ ˈpleɪsɪz (ˌælkəˈhɑlɪk ˈbɛvrɪʤɪz)) ənd dɪˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ˈsɛnsəs ˈɛstəˌmeɪts fər steɪt ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ˈtoʊtəlz fər 2009 ənd faʊnd rɪˈmɑrkəbəl ˌkɔrəˈspɑndəns wɪθ ɑr ˈævərɪʤ ðɛr ər bɑrz fər ˈɛvəri ˈpipəl ɪn ðə juz. bət ðə steɪts ðət meɪk əp ðə bɪr ˈbɛli əv əˈmɛrɪkə ər ˈhaɪli skjud frəm ðɪs slaɪs əv ðə ˈgugəl ˈdætə wɪʧ ʃoʊz ðə ˈrɛlətɪv ˈnəmbər əv bɑrz ɪn ə loʊˈkeɪʃən ˈfərðər kənˈfərmz ðɪs ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən. soʊ lʊks laɪk wɪˈskɑnsən ɪz jʊr bɛst bɛt.
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due to boring circumstances beyond my control, i will not be online much for awhile. fortunately been able to line up a number of stellar guests to fill in for me. most are writers, but i also thought it would be fun to get some publishing types to explain what it is they do, teach you some more about the industry, and answer your questions, as well as one or two bloggers.
alaya dawn johnson is a wonderful writer, whose short story in zombies v unicorns, “love will tear us apart” is good. her next novel, moonshine, out in may is my fave new york city vampire novel. i love it so much that been killing me waiting for it to come out because been dying to rave about moonshine to youse lot. trust me, you want this book.
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alaya dawn johnson dated a zombie once in high school, but it stick. her first novel was racing the dark, the first in a trilogy she decided to call the spirit binders once her publisher told her needed names. the second book, the burning city, is due out in june. she is also looking forward to the may 11 publication of moonshine, her vampire novel set in the lower east side of new york city.
alaya says:
what my dad said
when i first showed my dad the new paperback cover of racing the dark, i was pretty proud of it. i thought that it evoked the book and was fairly striking. i lie, i pretty much expected him to pat me on the head and say, “looks great, honey.”
instead, he picked it up and turned it over a few times. his face took on that serious, thinking expression i recognized meant he was considering how to phrase something important.
“alaya,” he said, “the art is lovely. the image and everything is great. but are you sure you want to limit yourself like that with this cover?”
“limit myself?” i asked.
“white people are going to be way less likely to pick up a book with a cover featuring a brown person. just the way the world works.”
i told my dad (with some annoyance) that i think that was true, and anyway, my book is about a brown person, so these hypothetical white people would just have to suck it up.
cut to this past christmas, when my dad, my sister, my brother and i were all last-minute shopping at the local mall. like we do every christmas, we all through the local borders, looking for presents. this time i was especially excited, because the store claimed to have a copy of my book.
my dad and i searched all through the fantasy section, just so i could experience zing of seeing my own work in a bookstore. but racing the dark there. finally, we went back to the computers to look for it again.
and we saw what we had missed the first time: though racing the dark is clearly labeled “fantasy” on its spine, the powers that be at borders, in their infinite wisdom, had decided to shelve me in the “african american” section.
at least i was in good company. on the shelves surrounding my book were works by octavia butler, zora neale hurston and toni morrison. looked through this peculiar hybrid section before, and always been bewildered by the of genres and writers all sandwiched together on two narrow shelves. would someone like to tell me what on earth zane and toni morrison have to do with each other?
dad and i stared at the book in dismay. “i believe they did this,” i said.
“honey, i told you,” he said. “you should have had a more generic cover.”
i really disagree with him, at that point.
so dad picked up the book and we physically marched it over to the fantasy section, where we left it, cover side out.
“alaya,” my dad said, later that day, over dinner, “you have to understand that you live in the world. you mess around with the way you wish things would be. you have to deal with the way that they are. a black woman writing a book with a cover like that is going to get shoved in a category you might not want to be in.”
considering that we had just seen the physical evidence of my being shoved into that category, i just nodded and went back to my food.
it stuck with me, though. and i realized that my point of view really been in much of the ongoing discussion about cover art and whitewashing.
in a lot of discussions about race, my dad and i suffer from a pretty profound generational gap. my dad is of the old school, which we could call “determined pragmatism.” as far as my dad is concerned, he grew up in a world where he sit down at half the lunch counters in richmond, where he had to sit in the balcony of the theater, drink from labeled water fountains and sit on the black side of the court house.
now, in his sixties, my dad owns a business that actually works with the same governments that supported jim crow laws. moved into that small percentage of the black class, and as far as concerned, race is something you deal with and move on. if you have to change something because white people like overt blackness, then you do that. not that my dad understand my points about how frustrating and degrading it can be to always have relegated to this unwanted (or, even worse, an one). he does. he just feels that if the world works this way and if just a writer struggling to make a living, then i ought to find a way to help myself within that existing power structure.
now, i still think right. i still like my cover and still very happy that it very clearly features my non-white main character.
but i will say that it felt like a gut punch to see racing the dark such a contemptuous lack of care for its content or its the african american section of borders.
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du tɪ ˈbɔrɪŋ ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz bɪɔnd maɪ kənˈtroʊl, aɪ wɪl nɑt bi ˈɔnˌlaɪn məʧ fər əˈwaɪl. ˈfɔrʧənətli bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ laɪn əp ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈstɛlər gɛsts tɪ fɪl ɪn fər mi. moʊst ər ˈraɪtərz, bət aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ θɔt ɪt wʊd bi fən tɪ gɪt səm ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ taɪps tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn wət ɪt ɪz ðeɪ du, tiʧ ju səm mɔr əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɪndəstri, ənd ˈænsər jʊr kˈwɛsʧənz, ɛz wɛl ɛz wən ər tu ˈblɔgərz. dɔn ˈʤɑnsən ɪz ə ˈwəndərfəl ˈraɪtər, huz ʃɔrt ˈstɔri ɪn ˈzɑmbiz vi unicorns*, wɪl tɪr ˈjuˈɛs apart”*” ɪz gʊd. hər nɛkst ˈnɑvəl, ˈmunˌʃaɪn, aʊt ɪn meɪ ɪz maɪ feɪv nu jɔrk ˈsɪti ˈvæmpaɪr ˈnɑvəl. aɪ ləv ɪt soʊ məʧ ðət bɪn ˈkɪlɪŋ mi ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ɪt tɪ kəm aʊt bɪˈkəz bɪn daɪɪŋ tɪ reɪv əˈbaʊt ˈmunˌʃaɪn tɪ juz lɔt. trəst mi, ju wɔnt ðɪs bʊk. dɔn ˈʤɑnsən ˈdeɪtɪd ə ˈzɑmbi wəns ɪn haɪ skul, bət ɪt stɪk. hər fərst ˈnɑvəl wɑz ˈreɪsɪŋ ðə dɑrk, ðə fərst ɪn ə ˈtrɪləʤi ʃi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ kɔl ðə ˈspɪrɪt ˈbaɪndərz wəns hər ˈpəblɪʃər toʊld hər ˈnidɪd neɪmz. ðə ˈsɛkənd bʊk, ðə ˈbərnɪŋ ˈsɪti, ɪz du aʊt ɪn ʤun. ʃi ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ðə meɪ 11 ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən əv ˈmunˌʃaɪn, hər ˈvæmpaɪr ˈnɑvəl sɛt ɪn ðə loʊər ist saɪd əv nu jɔrk ˈsɪti. sɪz: wət maɪ dæd sɛd wɪn aɪ fərst ʃoʊd maɪ dæd ðə nu ˈpeɪpərˌbæk ˈkəvər əv ˈreɪsɪŋ ðə dɑrk, aɪ wɑz ˈprɪti praʊd əv ɪt. aɪ θɔt ðət ɪt ɪˈvoʊkt ðə bʊk ənd wɑz ˈfɛrli ˈstraɪkɪŋ. aɪ laɪ, aɪ ˈprɪti məʧ ɪkˈspɛktɪd ɪm tɪ pæt mi ɔn ðə hɛd ənd seɪ, greɪt, honey.”*.” ˌɪnˈstɛd, hi pɪkt ɪt əp ənd tərnd ɪt ˈoʊvər ə fju taɪmz. hɪz feɪs tʊk ɔn ðət ˈsɪriəs, ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ɪkˈsprɛʃən aɪ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd mɛnt hi wɑz kənˈsɪdərɪŋ haʊ tɪ freɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt. ““alaya,”*,” hi sɛd, ɑrt ɪz ˈləvli. ðə ˈɪmɪʤ ənd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɪz greɪt. bət ər ju ʃʊr ju wɔnt tɪ ˈlɪmət ˈjɔrsɛlf laɪk ðət wɪθ ðɪs cover?”*?” myself?”*?” aɪ æst. ˈpipəl ər goʊɪŋ tɪ bi weɪ lɛs ˈlaɪkli tɪ pɪk əp ə bʊk wɪθ ə ˈkəvər ˈfiʧərɪŋ ə braʊn ˈpərsən. ʤɪst ðə weɪ ðə wərld works.”*.” aɪ toʊld maɪ dæd (wɪθ səm əˈnɔɪəns) ðət aɪ θɪŋk ðət wɑz tru, ənd ˈɛniˌweɪ, maɪ bʊk ɪz əˈbaʊt ə braʊn ˈpərsən, soʊ ðiz ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl waɪt ˈpipəl wʊd ʤɪst hæv tɪ sək ɪt əp. kət tɪ ðɪs pæst ˈkrɪsməs, wɪn maɪ dæd, maɪ ˈsɪstər, maɪ ˈbrəðər ənd aɪ wər ɔl ˌlæsˈmɪnət ˈʃɑpɪŋ æt ðə ˈloʊkəl mɔl. laɪk wi du ˈɛvəri ˈkrɪsməs, wi ɔl θru ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈbɔrdərz, ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˈprɛzənts. ðɪs taɪm aɪ wɑz əˈspɛʃəli ɪkˈsaɪtɪd, bɪˈkəz ðə stɔr kleɪmd tɪ hæv ə ˈkɑpi əv maɪ bʊk. maɪ dæd ənd aɪ sərʧt ɔl θru ðə ˈfænəsi ˈsɛkʃən, ʤɪst soʊ aɪ kʊd ɪkˈspɪriəns zɪŋ əv siɪŋ maɪ oʊn wərk ɪn ə ˈbʊkˌstɔr. bət ˈreɪsɪŋ ðə dɑrk ðɛr. ˈfaɪnəli, wi wɛnt bæk tɪ ðə kəmˈpjutərz tɪ lʊk fər ɪt əˈgɛn. ənd wi sɔ wət wi hæd mɪst ðə fərst taɪm: ðoʊ ˈreɪsɪŋ ðə dɑrk ɪz ˈklɪrli ˈleɪbəld ““fantasy”*” ɔn ɪts spaɪn, ðə paʊərz ðət bi æt ˈbɔrdərz, ɪn ðɛr ˈɪnfənət ˈwɪzdəm, hæd ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ʃɛlv mi ɪn ðə american”*” ˈsɛkʃən. æt list aɪ wɑz ɪn gʊd ˈkəmpəˌni. ɔn ðə ʃɛlvz sərˈaʊndɪŋ maɪ bʊk wər wərks baɪ ɑkˈteɪviə ˈbətlər, ˈzɔrə nil ˈhərstən ənd ˈtoʊni ˈmɔrɪsən. lʊkt θru ðɪs pɪˈkjuljər ˈhaɪbrɪd ˈsɛkʃən ˌbiˈfɔr, ənd ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn bɪˈwɪldərd baɪ ðə əv ˈʒɑnrəz ənd ˈraɪtərz ɔl ˈsænˌwɪʧt təˈgɛðər ɔn tu ˈnɛroʊ ʃɛlvz. wʊd ˈsəmˌwən laɪk tɪ tɛl mi wət ɔn ərθ zeɪn ənd ˈtoʊni ˈmɔrɪsən hæv tɪ du wɪθ iʧ ˈəðər? dæd ənd aɪ stɛrd æt ðə bʊk ɪn dɪsˈmeɪ. bɪˈliv ðeɪ dɪd this,”*,” aɪ sɛd. ““honey*, aɪ toʊld you,”*,” hi sɛd. ʃʊd hæv hæd ə mɔr ʤəˈnɛrɪk cover.”*.” aɪ ˈrɪli dɪsəˈgri wɪθ ɪm, æt ðət pɔɪnt. soʊ dæd pɪkt əp ðə bʊk ənd wi ˈfɪzɪkəli mɑrʧt ɪt ˈoʊvər tɪ ðə ˈfænəsi ˈsɛkʃən, wɛr wi lɛft ɪt, ˈkəvər saɪd aʊt. ““alaya,”*,” maɪ dæd sɛd, ˈleɪtər ðət deɪ, ˈoʊvər ˈdɪnər, hæv tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðət ju lɪv ɪn ðə wərld. ju mɛs əraʊnd wɪθ ðə weɪ ju wɪʃ θɪŋz wʊd bi. ju hæv tɪ dil wɪθ ðə weɪ ðət ðeɪ ər. ə blæk ˈwʊmən ˈraɪtɪŋ ə bʊk wɪθ ə ˈkəvər laɪk ðət ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ gɪt ʃəvd ɪn ə ˈkætəˌgɔri ju maɪt nɑt wɔnt tɪ bi in.”*.” kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðət wi hæd ʤɪst sin ðə ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈɛvədəns əv maɪ biɪŋ ʃəvd ˈɪntu ðət ˈkætəˌgɔri, aɪ ʤɪst ˈnɑdɪd ənd wɛnt bæk tɪ maɪ fud. ɪt stək wɪθ mi, ðoʊ. ənd aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət maɪ pɔɪnt əv vju ˈrɪli bɪn ɪn məʧ əv ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ dɪˈskəʃən əˈbaʊt ˈkəvər ɑrt ənd whitewashing*. ɪn ə lɔt əv dɪˈskəʃənz əˈbaʊt reɪs, maɪ dæd ənd aɪ ˈsəfər frəm ə ˈprɪti proʊˈfaʊnd ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənəl gæp. maɪ dæd ɪz əv ðə oʊld skul, wɪʧ wi kʊd kɔl pragmatism.”*.” ɛz fɑr ɛz maɪ dæd ɪz kənˈsərnd, hi gru əp ɪn ə wərld wɛr hi sɪt daʊn æt hæf ðə lənʧ ˈkaʊntərz ɪn ˈrɪʧmənd, wɛr hi hæd tɪ sɪt ɪn ðə ˈbælkəni əv ðə ˈθieɪtər, drɪŋk frəm ˈleɪbəld ˈwɔtər ˈfaʊntənz ənd sɪt ɔn ðə blæk saɪd əv ðə kɔrt haʊs. naʊ, ɪn hɪz ˈsɪkstiz, maɪ dæd oʊnz ə ˈbɪznɪs ðət ˈæˌkʧuəli wərks wɪθ ðə seɪm ˈgəvərnmənts ðət səˈpɔrtɪd ʤɪm kroʊ lɔz. muvd ˈɪntu ðət smɔl pərˈsɛnɪʤ əv ðə blæk klæs, ənd ɛz fɑr ɛz kənˈsərnd, reɪs ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ ju dil wɪθ ənd muv ɔn. ɪf ju hæv tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ˈsəmθɪŋ bɪˈkəz waɪt ˈpipəl laɪk ˈoʊvərt ˈblæknəs, ðɛn ju du ðət. nɑt ðət maɪ dæd ˌəndərˈstænd maɪ pɔɪnts əˈbaʊt haʊ ˈfrəˌstreɪtɪŋ ənd dɪˈgreɪdɪŋ ɪt kən bi tɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz hæv ˈrɛləˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ðɪs ənˈwɔntɪd (ər, ˈivɪn wərs, ən wən). hi dɪz. hi ʤɪst filz ðət ɪf ðə wərld wərks ðɪs weɪ ənd ɪf ʤɪst ə ˈraɪtər ˈstrəgəlɪŋ tɪ meɪk ə ˈlɪvɪŋ, ðɛn aɪ ɔt tɪ faɪnd ə weɪ tɪ hɛlp ˌmaɪˈsɛlf wɪˈθɪn ðət ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ paʊər ˈstrəkʧər. naʊ, aɪ stɪl θɪŋk raɪt. aɪ stɪl laɪk maɪ ˈkəvər ənd stɪl ˈvɛri ˈhæpi ðət ɪt ˈvɛri ˈklɪrli ˈfiʧərz maɪ ˈnɑnˈwaɪt meɪn ˈkɛrɪktər. bət aɪ wɪl seɪ ðət ɪt fɛlt laɪk ə gət pənʧ tɪ si ˈreɪsɪŋ ðə dɑrk səʧ ə kənˈtɛmpʧuəs læk əv kɛr fər ɪts ˈkɑntɛnt ər ɪts ðə ˈæfrɪkɑn əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsɛkʃən əv ˈbɔrdərz.
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following the 8% royal announced last month, bbc reality check claimed to have checked the facts on the cost of the monarchy in their video reality check: what does the queen cost us?
surprisingly, their fact checking simply repeated the palace spin and gets a lot of the facts wrong.
here's the bbc's original video:
what the bbc said:
the monarchy costs each of us
the sovereign grant is funded by the crown estate
the crown estate is owned by the queen
republic wrote to the bbc to point out the mistakes and provide the facts.
here's republic's reality check on the bbc's 'reality check':
65p takes the 'official' cost of the monarchy and divides it by the entire population. it ignores the true million cost of the monarchy and pretends that all 64 million of us (i.e. every student, child, pensioner) is paying tax, which simply isn't true.
the sovereign grant is funded by the government (i.e. the taxpayer) and is paid directly by the treasury. this money is arbitrarily set at 25% of crown estate profits, but even if crown estate profits were, the government would continue to cough up million each year.
the crown estate is owned by the crown, and is entirely the property of the state / nation. as the crown estate itself puts it, “the property we manage is owned by the crown but is not the private property of the monarch.” it is no more the queen's property than number 10 belongs to the pm.
republic win! the bbc updates their video:
after talking with the bbc news reality check production team, and highlighting the true nature of public funding of the monarchy, the bbc updated its video to reflect the facts.
"update 14 july 2017: more detail has been added about the sources of the queen's income."
who owns the crown estate? the crown does (that means us!):
does the queen hand over crown estate profits to government, and 'get some back'?
no, crown estate profits go directly to the treasury, and government chooses to hand over a percentage to the monarchy.
more of the facts published:
the bbc also updated the video to include some more of the facts about royal funding.
in addition to the sovereign grant, taxpayers also pay for other costs like security and royal visits.
republic estimates the true cost of the monarchy to taxpayers is around million per year.
the updated video also noted that the royals' official funding has risen 145% since 2012:
there's work to do. the spin is still being spun.
the bbc's new video corrects the facts about the crown estate and sovereign grant, but keeps spinning the per person palace spin.
republic's royal expenses campaign has already had a huge impact by making the bbc report the true facts.
you can help take this work one step further. use the links below to write to the bbc to voice your concern about the nature of their reporting on royal funding.
this is a great example of the royal expenses campaign in action - setting the facts straight - and challenging the palace spin. donate to the campaign to keep up this work.
here's what you can do to put an end to the myth:
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ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə 8 rɔɪəl əˈnaʊnst læst mənθ, ˌbibiˈsi ˌriˈæləˌti ʧɛk kleɪmd tɪ hæv ʧɛkt ðə fækts ɔn ðə kɔst əv ðə ˈmɑnɑrki ɪn ðɛr ˈvɪdioʊ ˌriˈæləˌti ʧɛk: wət dɪz ðə kwin kɔst ˈjuˈɛs? səˈpraɪzɪŋli, ðɛr fækt ˈʧɛkɪŋ ˈsɪmpli rɪˈpitɪd ðə ˈpæləs spɪn ənd gɪts ə lɔt əv ðə fækts rɔŋ. hɪrz ðə ˌbibiˈsis ərˈɪʤənəl ˈvɪdioʊ: wət ðə ˌbibiˈsi sɛd: ðə ˈmɑnɑrki kɔsts iʧ əv ˈjuˈɛs ðə ˈsɑvrən grænt ɪz ˈfəndɪd baɪ ðə kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ðə kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ɪz oʊnd baɪ ðə kwin riˈpəblɪk roʊt tɪ ðə ˌbibiˈsi tɪ pɔɪnt aʊt ðə mɪˈsteɪks ənd prəˈvaɪd ðə fækts. hɪrz riˈpəblɪks ˌriˈæləˌti ʧɛk ɔn ðə ˌbibiˈsis 'ˌriˈæləˌti ʧɛk': teɪks ðə 'əˈfɪʃəl' kɔst əv ðə ˈmɑnɑrki ənd dɪˈvaɪdz ɪt baɪ ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ɪt ˌɪgˈnɔrz ðə tru ˈmɪljən kɔst əv ðə ˈmɑnɑrki ənd priˈtɛndz ðət ɔl 64 ˈmɪljən əv ˈjuˈɛs (i.e*. ˈɛvəri ˈstudənt, ʧaɪld, ˈpɛnʃənər) ɪz peɪɪŋ tæks, wɪʧ ˈsɪmpli ˈɪzənt tru. ðə ˈsɑvrən grænt ɪz ˈfəndɪd baɪ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt (i.e*. ðə ˈtækˌspeɪər) ənd ɪz peɪd dɪˈrɛkli baɪ ðə ˈtrɛʒəri. ðɪs ˈməni ɪz ˈɑrbɪˌtrɛrəli sɛt æt 25 əv kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ˈprɑfɪts, bət ˈivɪn ɪf kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ˈprɑfɪts wər ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wʊd kənˈtɪnju tɪ kɔf əp ˈmɪljən iʧ jɪr. ðə kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ɪz oʊnd baɪ ðə kraʊn, ənd ɪz ɪnˈtaɪərli ðə ˈprɑpərti əv ðə steɪt ˈneɪʃən. ɛz ðə kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ˌɪtˈsɛlf pʊts ɪt, ˈprɑpərti wi ˈmænɪʤ ɪz oʊnd baɪ ðə kraʊn bət ɪz nɑt ðə ˈpraɪvət ˈprɑpərti əv ðə monarch.”*.” ɪt ɪz noʊ mɔr ðə kwinz ˈprɑpərti ðən ˈnəmbər 10 bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ ðə piɛm. riˈpəblɪk wɪn! ðə ˌbibiˈsi ˈəpˌdeɪts ðɛr ˈvɪdioʊ: ˈæftər ˈtɔkɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˌbibiˈsi nuz ˌriˈæləˌti ʧɛk pərˈdəkʃən tim, ənd ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪŋ ðə tru ˈneɪʧər əv ˈpəblɪk ˈfəndɪŋ əv ðə ˈmɑnɑrki, ðə ˌbibiˈsi ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ɪts ˈvɪdioʊ tɪ rɪˈflɛkt ðə fækts. "ˈəpˌdeɪt 14 ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2017 mɔr ˈditeɪl həz bɪn ˈædɪd əˈbaʊt ðə ˈsɔrsəz əv ðə kwinz ˈɪnˌkəm." hu oʊnz ðə kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt? ðə kraʊn dɪz (ðət minz ˈjuˈɛs!): dɪz ðə kwin hænd ˈoʊvər kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ˈprɑfɪts tɪ ˈgəvərnmənt, ənd 'gɪt səm bæk'? noʊ, kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ˈprɑfɪts goʊ dɪˈrɛkli tɪ ðə ˈtrɛʒəri, ənd ˈgəvərnmənt ˈʧuzɪz tɪ hænd ˈoʊvər ə pərˈsɛnɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈmɑnɑrki. mɔr əv ðə fækts ˈpəblɪʃt: ðə ˌbibiˈsi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ðə ˈvɪdioʊ tɪ ˌɪnˈklud səm mɔr əv ðə fækts əˈbaʊt rɔɪəl ˈfəndɪŋ. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈsɑvrən grænt, ˈtækˌspeɪərz ˈɔlsoʊ peɪ fər ˈəðər kɔsts laɪk sɪˈkjʊrəti ənd rɔɪəl ˈvɪzɪts. riˈpəblɪk ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ðə tru kɔst əv ðə ˈmɑnɑrki tɪ ˈtækˌspeɪərz ɪz əraʊnd ˈmɪljən pər jɪr. ðə ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ˈvɪdioʊ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ðə rɔɪəlz' əˈfɪʃəl ˈfəndɪŋ həz ˈrɪzən 145 sɪns 2012 ðɛrz wərk tɪ du. ðə spɪn ɪz stɪl biɪŋ spən. ðə ˌbibiˈsis nu ˈvɪdioʊ kərˈɛkts ðə fækts əˈbaʊt ðə kraʊn ɛˈsteɪt ənd ˈsɑvrən grænt, bət kips ˈspɪnɪŋ ðə pər ˈpərsən ˈpæləs spɪn. riˈpəblɪks rɔɪəl ɪkˈspɛnsɪz kæmˈpeɪn həz ɔˈrɛdi hæd ə juʤ ˌɪmˈpækt baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˌbibiˈsi rɪˈpɔrt ðə tru fækts. ju kən hɛlp teɪk ðɪs wərk wən stɛp ˈfərðər. juz ðə lɪŋks bɪˈloʊ tɪ raɪt tɪ ðə ˌbibiˈsi tɪ vɔɪs jʊr kənˈsərn əˈbaʊt ðə ˈneɪʧər əv ðɛr rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ɔn rɔɪəl ˈfəndɪŋ. ðɪs ɪz ə greɪt ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðə rɔɪəl ɪkˈspɛnsɪz kæmˈpeɪn ɪn ˈækʃən ˈsɛtɪŋ ðə fækts streɪt ənd ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ðə ˈpæləs spɪn. ˈdoʊˌneɪt tɪ ðə kæmˈpeɪn tɪ kip əp ðɪs wərk. hɪrz wət ju kən du tɪ pʊt ən ɛnd tɪ ðə mɪθ:
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the us supreme court ruled on wednesday that tehran must pay nearly $2bn in frozen assets to victims and relatives of those killed in attacks the us has blamed on iran.
in a ruling, the court upheld a 2012 federal law over the distribution of iranian bank assets, finding that the us congress had not usurped the authority of lower courts in passing the legislation.
more than americans are affected by the decision, which relates to the 1983 bombing of marine barracks in lebanon, in which 241 us marines were killed, and other attacks.
justice ruth bader ginsburg wrote the opinion for the court, which rejected efforts by iran's central bank to stop the claim.
iran's bank complained that congress was intruding into the business of federal courts when it passed a 2012 law that specifically directs that the banks' assets in the us are turned over to the families.
the law, ginsburg wrote, "does not transgress restraints placed on congress and the president by the constitution".
congress has repeatedly changed the law in the past 20 years to make it easier for victims to sue over terrorism; federal courts have ruled for the victims. but iran has refused to comply with the judgments, leading lawyers to hunt for iranian assets in the united states.
democrats and republicans in congress, as well as the obama administration, supported the families in the case.
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ðə ˈjuˈɛs səˈprim kɔrt ruld ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ðət ˌteɪˈrɑn məst peɪ ˈnɪrli ɪn ˈfroʊzən ˈæˌsɛts tɪ ˈvɪktɪmz ənd ˈrɛlətɪvz əv ðoʊz kɪld ɪn əˈtæks ðə ˈjuˈɛs həz bleɪmd ɔn ˌɪˈrɑn. ɪn ə ˈrulɪŋ, ðə kɔrt əˈphɛld ə 2012 ˈfɛdərəl lɔ ˈoʊvər ðə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən əv ˌɪˈrɑniən bæŋk ˈæˌsɛts, ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðət ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈkɑŋgrəs hæd nɑt ˌjuˈsərpt ðə əˈθɔrəti əv loʊər kɔrts ɪn ˈpæsɪŋ ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən. mɔr ðən əˈmɛrɪkənz ər əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ðə dɪˈsɪʒən, wɪʧ rɪˈleɪts tɪ ðə 1983 ˈbɑmɪŋ əv mərˈin ˈbɛrəks ɪn ˈlɛbənən, ɪn wɪʧ 241 ˈjuˈɛs mərˈinz wər kɪld, ənd ˈəðər əˈtæks. ˈʤəstɪs ruθ ˈbædər ˈgɪnzbərg roʊt ðə əˈpɪnjən fər ðə kɔrt, wɪʧ rɪˈʤɛktɪd ˈɛfərts baɪ ˌɪˈrænz ˈsɛntrəl bæŋk tɪ stɑp ðə kleɪm. ˌɪˈrænz bæŋk kəmˈpleɪnd ðət ˈkɑŋgrəs wɑz ˌɪnˈtrudɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈbɪznɪs əv ˈfɛdərəl kɔrts wɪn ɪt pæst ə 2012 lɔ ðət spəˈsɪfɪkli dɪˈrɛkts ðət ðə bæŋks' ˈæˌsɛts ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs ər tərnd ˈoʊvər tɪ ðə ˈfæməliz. ðə lɔ, ˈgɪnzbərg roʊt, "dɪz nɑt trænzˈgrɛs rɪˈstreɪnts pleɪst ɔn ˈkɑŋgrəs ənd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt baɪ ðə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən". ˈkɑŋgrəs həz rɪˈpitɪdli ʧeɪnʤd ðə lɔ ɪn ðə pæst 20 jɪrz tɪ meɪk ɪt ˈiziər fər ˈvɪktɪmz tɪ su ˈoʊvər ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm; ˈfɛdərəl kɔrts hæv ruld fər ðə ˈvɪktɪmz. bət ˌɪˈrɑn həz rɪfˈjuzd tɪ kəmˈplaɪ wɪθ ðə ˈʤəʤmənts, ˈlidɪŋ ˈlɔjərz tɪ hənt fər ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈæˌsɛts ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ˈdɛməˌkræts ənd rɪˈpəblɪkənz ɪn ˈkɑŋgrəs, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən, səˈpɔrtɪd ðə ˈfæməliz ɪn ðə keɪs.
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reuters/yves herman hugh grosvenor, the who inherited a billion fortune last week on the death of the duke of westminster, will likely not pay any inheritance tax, according to the guardian. normally, large are subject to a 40% tax. but the vast grosvenor property portfolio including 300 acres of mayfair and in central london will pass in the form of a trust, which is subject to a 6% tax payment every 10 years instead.
to give you an idea of just how much tax the new duke of westminster isn't paying, consider that the entire take of the inheritance tax last year was billion. had grosvenor been taxed at the 40% rate, it would have put billion in the public coffers.
those of us who pay between 20% and 40% income tax every month have another reason to believe that there is something fundamentally unfair about this. the grosvenor fortune wasn't built by the late duke of westminster. it has been in the grosvenor family since 1677, passed down from one lucky generation to the next.
bi graphics this, pretty much, is how inequality works, according to the economist thomas piketty. the are an extreme example, but they illustrate a general principle: the rich get to keep it, the rest of us do not.
a more "normal" example also hit the headlines last week: the average 100 ceo earns million, about 147 times the salary (£37,400) of the average worker, according to the high pay centre.
none of this would be a problem if britain was a more dynamic society, one which allowed more upward mobility. but it isn't. back in 1979 with the election of conservative prime minister margaret thatcher the suddenly became a permanently less equal place. here is a chart from the office for national statistics showing the changing level of inequality over time:
ons / ifs
the is an index measuring how income is distributed in society. if the number is close to zero, then everyone is equal. if it is closer to 100, then society is extremely unequal.
in 1979, the ranked at about 27. it is now about 33. what is interesting about the chart is that thatcher changed britain into a society where wealth was shared much less equally. that wasn't surprising she was a conservative. but successive labour administrations, starting with prime minister tony blair in 1997, largely kept that inequality in place.
some people think this is a good thing. telegraph columnist charles moore published a column last week, titled "a duke's wealth is the natural result of a free society - and should be celebrated." it says:
continuity in a nation is generally a benefit. it is encouraging that a man whose family first got rich because his ancestor was the fat huntsman (gros veneur) of william the conqueror has billion today, 950 years later. it shows that our culture respects private property over government interference. it gives hope to us all.
this "natural result" would indeed give us "hope" if it were the case that we all had a shot at accumulating billion in our lifetimes, or if the paid the same rates of tax as those poorer than them. but as the coefficient shows, there is nothing "natural" about it. it was a political choice.
the poorest 20% of british people lost up to 25% of their net wealth between 2010 and 2012 because of this arrangement, according to the bank of england. the wealth of dukes and is kept in place by tax laws that overlook their inherited assets but punish people for earning wages.
there are consequences to this. britain's political elite was aghast at the referendum result, which will take country out of the eu. polling data show that the leave vote came from the oldest and poorest sections of society. viewed through that lens, the referendum looks more like a protest at how unfair society has become.
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reuters/yves* ˈhərmən ju ˈgroʊvnər, ðə hu ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd ə ˈbɪljən ˈfɔrʧən læst wik ɔn ðə dɛθ əv ðə duk əv ˌwɛstˈmɪnstər, wɪl ˈlaɪkli nɑt peɪ ˈɛni ˌɪnˈhɛrətəns tæks, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈgɑrdiən. ˈnɔrməli, lɑrʤ ər ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ə 40 tæks. bət ðə væst ˈgroʊvnər ˈprɑpərti pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ 300 ˈeɪkərz əv ˈmeɪˌfɛr ənd ɪn ˈsɛntrəl ˈləndən wɪl pæs ɪn ðə fɔrm əv ə trəst, wɪʧ ɪz ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ə 6 tæks ˈpeɪmənt ˈɛvəri 10 jɪrz ˌɪnˈstɛd. tɪ gɪv ju ən aɪˈdiə əv ʤɪst haʊ məʧ tæks ðə nu duk əv ˌwɛstˈmɪnstər ˈɪzənt peɪɪŋ, kənˈsɪdər ðət ðə ɪnˈtaɪər teɪk əv ðə ˌɪnˈhɛrətəns tæks læst jɪr wɑz ˈbɪljən. hæd ˈgroʊvnər bɪn tækst æt ðə 40 reɪt, ɪt wʊd hæv pʊt ˈbɪljən ɪn ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈkɔfərz. ðoʊz əv ˈjuˈɛs hu peɪ bɪtˈwin 20 ənd 40 ˈɪnˌkəm tæks ˈɛvəri mənθ hæv əˈnəðər ˈrizən tɪ bɪˈliv ðət ðɛr ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli ˌɔnˈfɛr əˈbaʊt ðɪs. ðə ˈgroʊvnər ˈfɔrʧən ˈwəzənt bɪlt baɪ ðə leɪt duk əv ˌwɛstˈmɪnstər. ɪt həz bɪn ɪn ðə ˈgroʊvnər ˈfæməli sɪns 1677 pæst daʊn frəm wən ˈləki ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə nɛkst. baɪ ˈgræfɪks ðɪs, ˈprɪti məʧ, ɪz haʊ ˌɪnɪkˈwɑləti wərks, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ɪˈkɑnəmɪst ˈtɑməs piketty*. ðə ər ən ɪkˈstrim ɪgˈzæmpəl, bət ðeɪ ˈɪləˌstreɪt ə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈprɪnsəpəl: ðə rɪʧ gɪt tɪ kip ɪt, ðə rɛst əv ˈjuˈɛs du nɑt. ə mɔr "ˈnɔrməl" ɪgˈzæmpəl ˈɔlsoʊ hɪt ðə ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz læst wik: ðə ˈævərɪʤ 100 ˈsiˌiˈoʊ ərnz ˈmɪljən, əˈbaʊt 147 taɪmz ðə ˈsæləri əv ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈwərkər, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə haɪ peɪ ˈsɛntər. nən əv ðɪs wʊd bi ə ˈprɑbləm ɪf ˈbrɪtən wɑz ə mɔr daɪˈnæmɪk soʊˈsaɪɪti, wən wɪʧ əˈlaʊd mɔr ˈəpwərd moʊˈbɪlɪti. bət ɪt ˈɪzənt. bæk ɪn 1979 wɪθ ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən əv kənˈsərvətɪv praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈmɑrgərɪt ˈθæʧər ðə ˈsədənli bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli lɛs ˈikwəl pleɪs. hir ɪz ə ʧɑrt frəm ðə ˈɔfəs fər ˈnæʃənəl stəˈtɪstɪks ʃoʊɪŋ ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ˈlɛvəl əv ˌɪnɪkˈwɑləti ˈoʊvər taɪm: ɑnz ɪfs ðə ɪz ən ˈɪndɛks ˈmɛʒərɪŋ haʊ ˈɪnˌkəm ɪz dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ɪn soʊˈsaɪɪti. ɪf ðə ˈnəmbər ɪz kloʊz tɪ ˈziroʊ, ðɛn ˈɛvriˌwən ɪz ˈikwəl. ɪf ɪt ɪz ˈkloʊzər tɪ 100 ðɛn soʊˈsaɪɪti ɪz ɪkˈstrimli əˈnikwəl. ɪn 1979 ðə ræŋkt æt əˈbaʊt 27 ɪt ɪz naʊ əˈbaʊt 33 wət ɪz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə ʧɑrt ɪz ðət ˈθæʧər ʧeɪnʤd ˈbrɪtən ˈɪntu ə soʊˈsaɪɪti wɛr wɛlθ wɑz ʃɛrd məʧ lɛs ˈikwəli. ðət ˈwəzənt səˈpraɪzɪŋ ʃi wɑz ə kənˈsərvətɪv. bət səkˈsɛsɪv ˈleɪbər ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃənz, ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈtoʊni blɛr ɪn 1997 ˈlɑrʤli kɛpt ðət ˌɪnɪkˈwɑləti ɪn pleɪs. səm ˈpipəl θɪŋk ðɪs ɪz ə gʊd θɪŋ. ˈtɛləˌgræf ˈkɑləmnəst ˈʧɑrəlz mʊr ˈpəblɪʃt ə ˈkɑləm læst wik, ˈtaɪtəld "ə duks wɛlθ ɪz ðə ˈnæʧərəl rɪˈzəlt əv ə fri soʊˈsaɪɪti ənd ʃʊd bi ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪd." ɪt sɪz: ˌkɑntəˈnuəti ɪn ə ˈneɪʃən ɪz ˈʤɛnərəli ə ˈbɛnəfɪt. ɪt ɪz ɪnˈkərəʤɪŋ ðət ə mæn huz ˈfæməli fərst gɑt rɪʧ bɪˈkəz hɪz ˈænˌsɛstər wɑz ðə fæt ˈhəntsmən (groʊs veneur*) əv ˈwɪljəm ðə ˈkɑŋkərər həz ˈbɪljən təˈdeɪ, 950 jɪrz ˈleɪtər. ɪt ʃoʊz ðət ɑr ˈkəlʧər rɪˈspɛkts ˈpraɪvət ˈprɑpərti ˈoʊvər ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns. ɪt gɪvz hoʊp tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ɔl. ðɪs "ˈnæʧərəl rɪˈzəlt" wʊd ˌɪnˈdid gɪv ˈjuˈɛs "hoʊp" ɪf ɪt wər ðə keɪs ðət wi ɔl hæd ə ʃɑt æt əˈkjumjəˌleɪtɪŋ ˈbɪljən ɪn ɑr ˈlaɪfˌtaɪmz, ər ɪf ðə peɪd ðə seɪm reɪts əv tæks ɛz ðoʊz ˈpurər ðən ðɛm. bət ɛz ðə ˌkoʊəˈfɪʃənt ʃoʊz, ðɛr ɪz ˈnəθɪŋ "ˈnæʧərəl" əˈbaʊt ɪt. ɪt wɑz ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ʧɔɪs. ðə ˈpurɪst 20 əv ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈpipəl lɔst əp tɪ 25 əv ðɛr nɛt wɛlθ bɪtˈwin 2010 ənd 2012 bɪˈkəz əv ðɪs ərˈeɪnʤmənt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə bæŋk əv ˈɪŋglənd. ðə wɛlθ əv duks ənd ɪz kɛpt ɪn pleɪs baɪ tæks lɔz ðət ˈoʊvərˌlʊk ðɛr ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd ˈæˌsɛts bət ˈpənɪʃ ˈpipəl fər ˈərnɪŋ ˈweɪʤɪz. ðɛr ər ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz tɪ ðɪs. ˈbrɪtənz pəˈlɪtɪkəl ɪˈlit wɑz əˈgæst æt ðə ˌrɛfərˈɛndəm rɪˈzəlt, wɪʧ wɪl teɪk ˈkəntri aʊt əv ðə eu*. ˈpoʊlɪŋ ˈdætə ʃoʊ ðət ðə liv voʊt keɪm frəm ðə ˈoʊldəst ənd ˈpurɪst ˈsɛkʃənz əv soʊˈsaɪɪti. vjud θru ðət lɛnz, ðə ˌrɛfərˈɛndəm lʊks mɔr laɪk ə ˈproʊˌtɛst æt haʊ ˌɔnˈfɛr soʊˈsaɪɪti həz bɪˈkəm.
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hearing the news that a coal plant, a facility that once belched, mercury, sulphur, nitrogen oxides, and other hazardous chemicals into the air, is shutting down is certainly a cause to celebrate. seeing it explode in glorious high definition and set to lively classical music is another thing altogether.
duke energy, the largest electric power holding company in the u.s., released a video this week showing the death of four of its old coal power plants, giving environmentalists an awesome soundtrack to the death of the coal industry.
the video shows the demolition of weatherspoon, h.f. lee, cape fear, and cliffside, all facilities in north carolina. the demolitions, set to a rousing rendition of 1812 overture, are nothing short of transfixing.
a spokesperson for duke energy told grist that the plants were mainly operated from the to the ’60s, and were destroyed as a way to celebrate “modernizing the way we generate power for the past decade.” but as the company away from coal, it looked to natural gas as its main and maintained its spot atop the worst carbon in 2015.
thanks in large part to cheap natural gas, many of coal plants have been reduced to rubble or are about to be. as of last november, over 200 stations had been retired or were scheduled for retirement. according to an analysis by bloomberg new energy finance last year, about 17 percent of u.s. power generation is expected to disappear over the next few years. been said that the coal industry is “in terminal decline,” and no better way to visualize that than the crumbling of an enormous, dirty power plant.
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ˈhirɪŋ ðə nuz ðət ə koʊl plænt, ə fəˈsɪlɪti ðət wəns bɛlʧt ˈmərkjəri, ˈsəlfər, ˈnaɪtrəʤən ˈɑkˌsaɪdz, ənd ˈəðər ˈhæzərdəs ˈkɛmɪkəlz ˈɪntu ðə ɛr, ɪz ˈʃətɪŋ daʊn ɪz ˈsərtənli ə kɔz tɪ ˈsɛləˌbreɪt. siɪŋ ɪt ɪkˈsploʊd ɪn ˈglɔriəs haɪ ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən ənd sɛt tɪ ˈlaɪvli ˈklæsɪkəl mˈjuzɪk ɪz əˈnəðər θɪŋ ˌɔltəˈgɛðər. duk ˈɛnərʤi, ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ɪˈlɛktrɪk paʊər ˈhoʊldɪŋ ˈkəmpəˌni ɪn ðə juz., riˈlist ə ˈvɪdioʊ ðɪs wik ʃoʊɪŋ ðə dɛθ əv fɔr əv ɪts oʊld koʊl paʊər plænts, ˈgɪvɪŋ ɛnˈvaɪrənˌmɛnəlɪsts ən ˈɔsəm ˈsaʊnˌtræk tɪ ðə dɛθ əv ðə koʊl ˈɪndəstri. ðə ˈvɪdioʊ ʃoʊz ðə ˌdɛməˈlɪʃən əv ˈwɛðərˌspun, h.f*. li, keɪp fɪr, ənd cliffside*, ɔl fəˈsɪlɪtiz ɪn nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə. ðə demolitions*, sɛt tɪ ə ˈraʊzɪŋ rɛnˈdɪʃən əv 1812 ˈoʊvərʧər, ər ˈnəθɪŋ ʃɔrt əv transfixing*. ə ˈspoʊkspərsən fər duk ˈɛnərʤi toʊld grɪst ðət ðə plænts wər ˈmeɪnli ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd frəm ðə tɪ ðə ’60s*, ənd wər dɪˈstrɔɪd ɛz ə weɪ tɪ ˈsɛləˌbreɪt ðə weɪ wi ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt paʊər fər ðə pæst decade.”*.” bət ɛz ðə ˈkəmpəˌni əˈweɪ frəm koʊl, ɪt lʊkt tɪ ˈnæʧərəl gæs ɛz ɪts meɪn ənd meɪnˈteɪnd ɪts spɑt əˈtɑp ðə wərst ˈkɑrbən ɪn 2015 θæŋks ɪn lɑrʤ pɑrt tɪ ʧip ˈnæʧərəl gæs, ˈmɛni əv koʊl plænts hæv bɪn rɪˈdust tɪ ˈrəbəl ər ər əˈbaʊt tɪ bi. ɛz əv læst noʊˈvɛmbər, ˈoʊvər 200 ˈsteɪʃənz hæd bɪn rɪˈtaɪrd ər wər ˈskɛʤʊld fər rɪˈtaɪərmənt. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ən æˈnælɪsɪs baɪ ˈblumbərg nu ˈɛnərʤi ˈfaɪˌnæns læst jɪr, əˈbaʊt 17 pərˈsɛnt əv juz. paʊər ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ ˌdɪsəˈpɪr ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst fju jɪrz. bɪn sɛd ðət ðə koʊl ˈɪndəstri ɪz ˈtərmənəl decline,”*,” ənd noʊ ˈbɛtər weɪ tɪ ˈvɪʒwəˌlaɪz ðət ðən ðə ˈkrəmbəlɪŋ əv ən ɪˈnɔrmɪs, ˈdərti paʊər plænt.
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guest post by jesse thaler, an associate professor of physics at mit.
in november 2014, the experiment at the large hadron collider (lhc) released the first batch of data from the 2010 collision run. this was an unprecedented move in the field of particle physics, since up until this point, access to data from hadron was restricted to members of the experimental collaborations.
when i heard about the open data project, i immediately downloaded the cern virtual machine to see what kind of data had been made available. as a theoretical particle physicist, i can slam together particles and study their debris… on my, or through calculations, or using software simulations. for the first time, i had access to real collision data from a cutting-edge experiment, as well as an opportunity to demonstrate the scientific value of public data access.
it was not easy. in fact, it was one of the most challenging research projects in my career. but roughly three years later, my research group proudly published two journal articles using open data in 2017, one in physical review letters and one in physical review d. and from our experience, i can say confidently that the future of particle physics is open.
putting theory into practice
in particle physics, there has long been a division between theorists like myself and who work directly with collision data. there are good reasons for this divide, since the expertise needed to perform theoretical calculations is rather different from the expertise needed to build and operate particle detectors. that said, there is substantial overlap between theory and experiment in the area of data analysis, which requires an understanding of statistics, and data interpretation, which requires an understanding of the underlying physical principles at play.
one of the main reasons for restricting data access is that collider data are extremely complicated to interpret properly. as an example, the collision energy of the in 2010 was 7, and by conservation of energy, one should never find more than 7 of total energy in the debris of a single collision event. in the open data, however, we found an event with over 10 of total energy. was this dramatic evidence for a subtle violation of the laws of nature? or just a detector glitch? not surprisingly, this event did not pass the recommended data quality cuts from, which demonstrates the importance of having a detailed knowledge of particle detectors before claiming evidence for new physics.
because of these complications, progress in particle physics typically proceeds via a vigorous dialogue between the theoretical and experimental communities. an experimental advance can inspire a new theoretical method, which launches a new experimental measurement, which motivates a new theoretical calculation, and so on. while there are some theoretical physicists who have officially joined an experimental team, either in a short-term advisory role or as a long-term collaboration member, that is relatively rare. thus, the best way for me to influence how data are is to write and publish a paper, and proud that a number of my theoretical ideas have found applications at the.
with the release of the open data, though, i was presented with the opportunity to perform exploratory physics studies directly on data. my friend (and open data consultant) sal always reminds us of the apocryphal saying: “data makes you smarter”. this aphorism applies both to detector effects, where “smarter” means processing the data with improved precision and robustness, and to physics effects, where “smarter” means extracting new kinds of information from the collision debris. so while i know exactly what i wanted to do with the open data when i first downloaded the cern virtual machine, i knew that, no matter what, i was going to learn something.
gathering a team
the first thing i learned was somewhat demoralising, since, within the first few weeks, i realised that i did not have the coding proficiency nor the stamina to wrestle with the open data by myself. while i regularly use particle physics simulation tools like pythia and delphes, the software framework required a much higher level of sophistication and care than i was used to.
luckily, an mit postdoctoral fellow wei xue (now at cern) had extensive experience using public data from the fermi large area telescope, and he started processing the 2 terabytes of data in the jet primary dataset (more about that later). around the same time, an ambitious mit student (now a graduate student at university of michigan) joined the project with no prior experience in particle physics but ample enthusiasm and a solid background in programming.
so what were we actually going to do with the data? my first idea was to try out a somewhat obscure analysis technique my collaborators and i had developed in 2013, since it had never been tested directly on data. (it may eventually be incorporated into a hardware upgrade of the detector, or it may remain in obscurity.) wei was even able to make a plot (slide 29) for me to show in march 2015 as part of a long-range planning study for the next collider after the. there is a big difference, though, between making a plot and really understanding the physics at play, and despite performing a precision calculation of this technique, it was not clear whether we could do a robust analysis.
in early 2015, though, i had the pleasure of collaborating with two mit postdoctoral fellows, andrew (now at reed college) and simone (now at university of genova), to develop a novel method to jets at the. while new, this method had a timeless quality to it, exhibiting remarkable theoretical robustness that we hoped would carry over into the experimental regime.
the of jets
jets are sprays of particles that arise whenever quarks and are produced in collisions of hadrons. almost every collision at the involves jets in some way, either as part of the signal of interest or as an important component of the background noise. in the 2010 open data, the jet primary dataset contains collision events exhibiting a wide range of different jet configurations, from the most ubiquitous case with jet pairs, to the more exotic case with just a single jet (which might be a signal of dark matter), to the explosive case with a high multiplicity of energetic jets (which might arise from production).
while the formation of jets in collisions has been known since 1975 (and arguably even earlier than that), there has been remarkable progress in the past decade in understanding the of jets. a typical jet is composed of around individual particles, and the pattern of those particles subtle information about whether the jet comes from a quark, or from a, or from a more exotic object. jet continues to be an active area of development in collider physics, with many new advances made every year.
a fascinating feature of jets is that they exhibit behaviour: as one zooms in on a jet and examines its, one finds that the itself has sub-substructure, which has sub-sub-substructure, and so on. this behaviour is captured by the “qcd splitting functions”, which describes how a quark or fragments into more quarks ands. refers to quantum chromodynamics, which is the theory that describes the interactions of quarks ands.) while the splitting functions are well known and have been indirectly tested through a multitude of collider measurements, they had never before been tested directly.
in my 2015 research with andrew and simone, we found a way to unravel the structure of a jet to expose the splitting function. this method built upon a range of jet innovations over the years, including a jet method from the late, a jet grooming technique from 2008 that arguably launched the field of, a refinement and from 2013, and a powerful from 2014. the final method, while sophisticated in its implementation, is simple in its interpretation, since after decomposing a jet into it core components, one can “see” the splitting function… at least in theory.
confronting the open data
could we expose the splitting function using experimental data from the? wei and set out to parse the open data while andrew and simone performed the corresponding theoretical calculations. remarkably, just a few months later in august 2015, i was able to present very preliminary results from our analysis at the boost 2015 workshop in chicago. little did we know that it would take us another two years to actually get our analysis into a form.
the open data are released in the same format used by the majority of officials. so, not surprisingly, we had to perform many of the same analysis steps used internally by. some of these steps were familiar to me from my theoretical investigations into jets, such as identifying jets using clustering algorithms, applying selection criteria to isolate the jets of interest, digging into an individual jet using a growing toolbox of techniques, and making histograms of the results.
most of our time, though, was spent trying to understand the myriad challenges faced in any experimental investigation into jets. while i had heard of most of these challenges by name, i had no experience dealing with them in practice. for example, since detector data can be noisy, we had to impose “jet quality criteria” to make sure we looking at phantom jets. since detector data can be imperfect, we had to apply “jet energy correction factors” to account for missing information within the jets. we had to learn how to manage 2 tb of data, which is small enough to fit on a typical hard drive, but large enough that processing the complete dataset took two weeks on a single computer. (in retrospect, we probably should have leveraged computing resources, but we decided to test the claim that “anyone with a laptop” should be able to the open data.)
by far the biggest challenge for us (and for most jets) was “triggering”. i mentioned above that the jet primary dataset contains many different kinds of jet configurations, but i explain how exactly those configurations were chosen. the collision rate at the is so high that there enough computing resources available to process all of the data that is collected, never mind the challenges of transmitting such large data from the detector to storage. instead, has a complex system of triggers that reject “uninteresting” events and select “interesting” events. the reason for the scare quotes is that triggers are indeed scary. there is a rather large menu of different possible event configurations that involve jets and other collider objects. if made a mistake in deciding which events were “interesting”, then potentially valuable data could be lost forever. on the flip side, if decided that too many events were “interesting”, then that could flood their computing systems with a deluge of useless information.
for our final analysis, we had to carefully sew together five different trigger selections, all of which changed over the course of the 2010 run. as an example, one of the triggers was named “hlt_jet70u”. “hlt” stands for “high-level trigger”, which is the most sophisticated level of trigger selection. “jet” means that there was just a single jet object used to define the trigger (even though most of the selected events contain two jets). one might think that would mean that this trigger would select jets with an energy (strictly speaking, “transverse momentum”) above 70, but the “u” means “uncalibrated”, such that only when the jet energy was above 150 was “hlt_jet70u” guaranteed to work as expected. through a long process of trial and error, we eventually figured out how to properly use the jet trigger information from, which was essential for us to gain confidence in our results.
ultimately, once we dealt with these experimental complications, we succeeded at exposing the splitting function using the 2010 open data. the results were perfectly in line with our theoretical expectations, providing a direct confirmation of the fractal structure of jets. armed with this rich open dataset, we also performed a variety of additional tests that were only possible because of the fantastic performance of the detector. coming full circle, presented our analysis at the boost 2017 workshop in buffalo: two years of effort into a talk.
learning from the community
while our two publications only list five authors (aashish, wei, andrew, simone and myself), our acknowledgements recognise around 40 who generously offered their time, advice, and, in some cases, code. without help from sal, we would have struggled to figure out how to extract and apply the proper jet correction factors. without help from the open data team, including kati and geiser, we would have never figured out how to determine the “integrated luminosity”, which tells you how much total data had collected. whenever i gave talks about our open data effort, in the audience would kindly point out some of our “rookie mistakes” (often made by starting experimental phd students). we also benefitted from having a 2015 summer student alexis romero (now a graduate student at university of california, irvine) test whether the open data results agreed with those obtained from simulated samples.
most of the feedback we got from the experimental particle physics community was very positive. though there was considerable initial that a team of five theoretical physicists could perform a analysis based on open collider data, much of that dissipated once it became clear that our analysis was based largely on the same workflow used by. our analysis is by no means perfect, since there are places where we simply have the information (or the expertise) to address a known shortcoming. but i am proud that we applied a high degree of scrutiny to our own work, even though the final plots in our september 2017 publication are essentially the same as the ones i showed back in august 2015.
there were, however, a number of concerns raised by our work. unlikes performed within, our work did not have to go through the rigorous internal review process. (our papers were subject to peer review prior to publication, but that standard is not nearly as stringent as the one applied within.) unlike members, we did not have to perform service work on the experiment to gain authorship status. (some of my software tools have been incorporated into the software framework, but that is a relatively small contribution to the overall effort.) these issues are not specific to the open data, though, and arise any time data are released into the public domain. indeed, there is no guarantee that public data will be used correctly, and there is a risk that making the data public will make it less attractive for an experimentalist to join a collaboration.
in my view, though, the scientific benefits of making data public outweigh the scientific costs. with the open data, there is a time lag of years between when the data are collected and when it is made public. that time lag helps ensure that open data complements, rather than competes, with the needs of the collaboration. moreover, open data are a stepping stone towards full archival access, such that even when the is eventually decommissioned, the data will be preserved for future use. by making the data public, there is a chance to perform a analysis like ours, where 2010 data, released in 2014, is using a 2015 technique, for publication in 2017.
interestingly, as we were pursuing our open data analysis, there was an official analysis on a similar topic. our analysis was based on collisions from 2010, while the analysis was based mostly on collisions from 2015. our analysis was an exploratory study of jet, while the analysis was far more ambitious, using jet to probe the properties of a hot, dense state of matter called the plasma. one could cynically say that our analysis was stealing thunder from, but i see these two studies as being synergistic, since we made different analysis choices that led to complementary physics insights. in this way, open data can enrich the dialogue between the theoretical and experimental particle physics communities.
broadening the open data effort
in addition to performing our owns, we are trying to make it easier for others to work with the open data. for our jet work, we found it beneficial to take the original open data released in format (“analysis object data”) and distill it into a simpler mod format (short for “modified”, to “mit open data”). because mod files contain a strict subset of the information, it helped us expedite the analysis workflow as well as avoid common pitfalls. developed two repositories to produce and mod files, and this code could be the basis for subsequent open data studies. (that said, i do not recommend trying to use these tools in their present forms, since we are actively working to simplify them and make them more portable.)
in april 2016, the experiment released the second batch of open data from 2011 collisions. this 2011 data set is far richer than the 2010 release, since it contains many more event categories as well as more information about detector performance. i have gathered a new team of theorists to work with the 2011 data, and i hope to report on that work sometime next year. compared to our study with the 2010 open data, our upcoming analysis is simultaneously simpler (since it directly involve jets) and more complex (since we are digging into more collision properties). i want to reveal the specific topic of our study, though, since short-term secrecy is sometimes needed to enable long-term openness (cf. the year time lag for the open data release).
soon, the experiment will release the third batch of open data, this time from 2012, with hopefully enough information to reproduce the monumental discovery of the higgs boson.
beyond open data, i am also looking for ways to use archival data from the aleph experiment. aleph was one of the four main experiments at the former large (lep) collider at cern. lep closed in 2000 such that the tunnel could be reused for the. with the help of aleph collaboration member marcello maggi, we are taking aleph data from the and applying jet techniques that even conceived of until 2008. while lep data is very different from data, i expect some of the lessons from our archival lep studies to inform ongoings at the.
an open invitation
when i first started working with the open data, people would often ask me why i just join. after all, instead of trying to lead a small group of theorists with no experimental experience, i could have leveraged the power and insights of a collaboration. this is true… if my only goal was to perform one specific jet analysis.
but what about more exploratory studies where the theory yet been invented? what about engaging undergraduate students who decided if they want to pursue theoretical or experimental work? what about examining old data for signs of new physics? what about who might not have world experts on and collisions in the building next door? and what happens if i have a great new theoretical idea after the has already shut down? these were the questions that motivated me to dig into the open data, and i hope that they might motivate some of you to take a look as well. our two publications are a proof of principle that open colliders are feasible and potentially impactful.
ultimately, physics is an experimental science, and the aphorism that “data makes you smarter” holds at the most foundational level. it is true that theoretical insights have played a crucial role in solidifying the principles of fundamental physics. but almost everything we know for certain about the universe has originated from centuries of keen observations and detailed measurements. without experimental data, physical principles would be mere speculations. with experimental data, we have an opportunity to expose the deepest structures of the universe… not just by scribbling on a but by smashing together particles at energies.
when you decide to jump into the open data yourself (and i hope you do), you will be confronted with this question: “i have installed the cern virtual machine: now what?” however you answer this question, i am sure that you are going to learn something. and hopefully, you will teach the rest of us something, too.
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gɛst poʊst baɪ ˈʤɛsi ˈθeɪlər, ən əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt prəˈfɛsər əv ˈfɪzɪks æt ˈɛˈmaɪˈti. ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər 2014 ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt æt ðə lɑrʤ ˈhæˌdrɔn kəˈlaɪdər (lhc*) riˈlist ðə fərst bæʧ əv ˈdætə frəm ðə 2010 kəˈlɪʒən rən. ðɪs wɑz ən ənˈprɛsɪˌdɛntɪd muv ɪn ðə fild əv ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪks, sɪns əp ənˈtɪl ðɪs pɔɪnt, ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈdætə frəm ˈhæˌdrɔn wɑz riˈstrɪktɪd tɪ ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˌkɑləbərˈeɪʃənz. wɪn aɪ hərd əˈbaʊt ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ˈprɑʤɛkt, aɪ ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd ðə sərn ˈvərʧuəl məˈʃin tɪ si wət kaɪnd əv ˈdætə hæd bɪn meɪd əˈveɪləbəl. ɛz ə ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪsɪst, aɪ kən slæm təˈgɛðər ˈpɑrtɪkəlz ənd ˈstədi ðɛr debris…*… ɔn maɪ, ər θru ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃənz, ər ˈjuzɪŋ ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˌsɪmjəˈleɪʃənz. fər ðə fərst taɪm, aɪ hæd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ril kəˈlɪʒən ˈdætə frəm ə ˈkətɪˌŋɛʤ ɪkˈspɛrəmənt, ɛz wɛl ɛz ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈvælju əv ˈpəblɪk ˈdætə ˈækˌsɛs. ɪt wɑz nɑt ˈizi. ɪn fækt, ɪt wɑz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ˈrisərʧ ˈprɑʤɛkts ɪn maɪ kərɪr. bət ˈrəfli θri jɪrz ˈleɪtər, maɪ ˈrisərʧ grup ˈpraʊdli ˈpəblɪʃt tu ˈʤərnəl ˈɑrtɪkəlz ˈjuzɪŋ ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ɪn 2017 wən ɪn ˈfɪzɪkəl ˌrivˈju ˈlɛtərz ənd wən ɪn ˈfɪzɪkəl ˌrivˈju di. ənd frəm ɑr ɪkˈspɪriəns, aɪ kən seɪ ˈkɑnfədəntli ðət ðə fˈjuʧər əv ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪks ɪz ˈoʊpən. ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈθɪri ˈɪntu ˈpræktɪs ɪn ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪks, ðɛr həz lɔŋ bɪn ə dɪˈvɪʒən bɪtˈwin θiərɪsts laɪk ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ənd hu wərk dɪˈrɛkli wɪθ kəˈlɪʒən ˈdætə. ðɛr ər gʊd ˈrizənz fər ðɪs dɪˈvaɪd, sɪns ðə ˌɛkspərˈtiz ˈnidɪd tɪ pərˈfɔrm ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃənz ɪz ˈrəðər ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðə ˌɛkspərˈtiz ˈnidɪd tɪ bɪld ənd ˈɔpərˌeɪt ˈpɑrtɪkəl dɪˈtɛktərz. ðət sɛd, ðɛr ɪz səbˈstænʃəl ˈoʊvərˌlæp bɪtˈwin ˈθɪri ənd ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ɪn ðə ˈɛriə əv ˈdætə æˈnælɪsɪs, wɪʧ rikˈwaɪərz ən ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv stəˈtɪstɪks, ənd ˈdætə ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən, wɪʧ rikˈwaɪərz ən ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ðə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈprɪnsəpəlz æt pleɪ. wən əv ðə meɪn ˈrizənz fər riˈstrɪktɪŋ ˈdætə ˈækˌsɛs ɪz ðət kəˈlaɪdər ˈdætə ər ɪkˈstrimli ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd tɪ ˌɪnˈtərprət ˈprɑpərli. ɛz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðə kəˈlɪʒən ˈɛnərʤi əv ðə ɪn 2010 wɑz 7, ənd baɪ ˌkɑnsərˈveɪʃən əv ˈɛnərʤi, wən ʃʊd ˈnɛvər faɪnd mɔr ðən 7 əv ˈtoʊtəl ˈɛnərʤi ɪn ðə dəˈbri əv ə ˈsɪŋgəl kəˈlɪʒən ɪˈvɛnt. ɪn ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wi faʊnd ən ɪˈvɛnt wɪθ ˈoʊvər 10 əv ˈtoʊtəl ˈɛnərʤi. wɑz ðɪs drəˈmætɪk ˈɛvədəns fər ə ˈsətəl vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv ðə lɔz əv ˈneɪʧər? ər ʤɪst ə dɪˈtɛktər glɪʧ? nɑt səˈpraɪzɪŋli, ðɪs ɪˈvɛnt dɪd nɑt pæs ðə ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ˈdætə kˈwɑləti kəts frəm, wɪʧ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪts ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ˈhævɪŋ ə dɪˈteɪld ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ˈpɑrtɪkəl dɪˈtɛktərz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈkleɪmɪŋ ˈɛvədəns fər nu ˈfɪzɪks. bɪˈkəz əv ðiz ˌkɑmpləˈkeɪʃənz, ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪks ˈtɪpɪkəli prəˈsidz ˈviə ə ˈvɪgərəs ˈdaɪəˌlɔg bɪtˈwin ðə ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ənd ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl kəmˈjunɪtiz. ən ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ədˈvæns kən ˌɪnˈspaɪr ə nu ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˈmɛθəd, wɪʧ ˈlɔnʧɪz ə nu ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈmɛʒərmənt, wɪʧ ˈmoʊtəˌveɪts ə nu ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən, ənd soʊ ɔn. waɪl ðɛr ər səm ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪsɪsts hu hæv əˈfɪʃəli ʤɔɪnd ən ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl tim, ˈiðər ɪn ə ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ædˈvaɪzəri roʊl ər ɛz ə ˈlɔŋˈtərm kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən ˈmɛmbər, ðət ɪz ˈrɛlətɪvli rɛr. ðəs, ðə bɛst weɪ fər mi tɪ ˈɪnfluəns haʊ ˈdætə ər ɪz tɪ raɪt ənd ˈpəblɪʃ ə ˈpeɪpər, ənd praʊd ðət ə ˈnəmbər əv maɪ ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl aɪˈdiəz hæv faʊnd ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz æt ðə. wɪθ ðə riˈlis əv ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ðoʊ, aɪ wɑz pərˈzɛnəd wɪθ ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ pərˈfɔrm ɪkˈsplɔrəˌtɔri ˈfɪzɪks ˈstədiz dɪˈrɛkli ɔn ˈdætə. maɪ frɛnd (ənd ˈoʊpən ˈdætə kənˈsəltənt) sæl ˈɔlˌweɪz riˈmaɪndz ˈjuˈɛs əv ðə əˈpɑkrəfəl seɪɪŋ: meɪks ju smarter”*”. ðɪs ˈæfərˌɪzəm əˈplaɪz boʊθ tɪ dɪˈtɛktər ˈifɛkts, wɛr ““smarter”*” minz ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ðə ˈdætə wɪθ ˌɪmˈpruvd priˈsɪʒən ənd roʊˈbəstnəs, ənd tɪ ˈfɪzɪks ˈifɛkts, wɛr ““smarter”*” minz ɛkˈstræktɪŋ nu kaɪnz əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən frəm ðə kəˈlɪʒən dəˈbri. soʊ waɪl aɪ noʊ ɪgˈzæktli wət aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ du wɪθ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə wɪn aɪ fərst ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd ðə sərn ˈvərʧuəl məˈʃin, aɪ nu ðət, noʊ ˈmætər wət, aɪ wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ lərn ˈsəmθɪŋ. ˈgæðərɪŋ ə tim ðə fərst θɪŋ aɪ ˈlərnɪd wɑz ˈsəmˈwət demoralising*, sɪns, wɪˈθɪn ðə fərst fju wiks, aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət aɪ dɪd nɑt hæv ðə ˈkoʊdɪŋ prəˈfɪʃənsi nɔr ðə ˈstæmənə tɪ ˈrɛsəl wɪθ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə baɪ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf. waɪl aɪ ˈrɛgjələrli juz ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪks ˌsɪmjəˈleɪʃən tulz laɪk ˈpɪθiə ənd delphes*, ðə ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈfreɪmˌwərk rikˈwaɪərd ə məʧ haɪər ˈlɛvəl əv səˌfɪstəˈkeɪʃən ənd kɛr ðən aɪ wɑz juzd tɪ. ˈləkəli, ən ˈɛˈmaɪˈti ˌpoʊstˈdɑkˌtərəl ˈfɛloʊ weɪ zu (naʊ æt sərn) hæd ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈjuzɪŋ ˈpəblɪk ˈdætə frəm ðə ˈfərmi lɑrʤ ˈɛriə ˈtɛləˌskoʊp, ənd hi ˈstɑrtɪd ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ðə 2 ˌtɛrəˈbaɪts əv ˈdætə ɪn ðə ʤɛt ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt (mɔr əˈbaʊt ðət ˈleɪtər). əraʊnd ðə seɪm taɪm, ən æmˈbɪʃəs ˈɛˈmaɪˈti ˈstudənt (naʊ ə ˈgræʤəˌweɪt ˈstudənt æt ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmɪʃɪgən) ʤɔɪnd ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt wɪθ noʊ praɪər ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪks bət ˈæmpəl ɪnˈθuziˌæzəm ənd ə ˈsɑləd ˈbækˌgraʊnd ɪn ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ. soʊ wət wər wi ˈæˌkʧuəli goʊɪŋ tɪ du wɪθ ðə ˈdætə? maɪ fərst aɪˈdiə wɑz tɪ traɪ aʊt ə ˈsəmˈwət əbˈskjʊr æˈnælɪsɪs tɛkˈnik maɪ kəˈlæbərˌeɪtərz ənd aɪ hæd dɪˈvɛləpt ɪn 2013 sɪns ɪt hæd ˈnɛvər bɪn ˈtɛstɪd dɪˈrɛkli ɔn ˈdætə. (ɪt meɪ ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli bi ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ˈɪntu ə ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˈəpˈgreɪd əv ðə dɪˈtɛktər, ər ɪt meɪ rɪˈmeɪn ɪn əbˈskjʊrəti.) weɪ wɑz ˈivɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ meɪk ə plɑt (slaɪd 29 fər mi tɪ ʃoʊ ɪn mɑrʧ 2015 ɛz pɑrt əv ə ˈlɔŋˈreɪnʤ ˈplænɪŋ ˈstədi fər ðə nɛkst kəˈlaɪdər ˈæftər ðə. ðɛr ɪz ə bɪg ˈdɪfərəns, ðoʊ, bɪtˈwin ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə plɑt ənd ˈrɪli ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ðə ˈfɪzɪks æt pleɪ, ənd dɪˈspaɪt pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ə priˈsɪʒən ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən əv ðɪs tɛkˈnik, ɪt wɑz nɑt klɪr ˈwɛðər wi kʊd du ə roʊˈbəst æˈnælɪsɪs. ɪn ˈərli 2015 ðoʊ, aɪ hæd ðə ˈplɛʒər əv kəˈlæbərˌeɪtɪŋ wɪθ tu ˈɛˈmaɪˈti ˌpoʊstˈdɑkˌtərəl ˈfɛloʊz, ˈændru (naʊ æt rid ˈkɑlɪʤ) ənd sɪˈmoʊn (naʊ æt ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈʤɛnoʊvə), tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ə ˈnɑvəl ˈmɛθəd tɪ ʤɛts æt ðə. waɪl nu, ðɪs ˈmɛθəd hæd ə ˈtaɪmləs kˈwɑləti tɪ ɪt, ɪgˈzɪbɪtɪŋ rɪˈmɑrkəbəl ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl roʊˈbəstnəs ðət wi hoʊpt wʊd ˈkɛri ˈoʊvər ˈɪntu ðə ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl rəˈʒim. ðə əv ʤɛts ʤɛts ər spreɪz əv ˈpɑrtɪkəlz ðət əraɪz wɛˈnɛvər kwɑrks ənd ər prəˈdust ɪn kəˈlɪʒənz əv hadrons*. ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri kəˈlɪʒən æt ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvz ʤɛts ɪn səm weɪ, ˈiðər ɛz pɑrt əv ðə ˈsɪgnəl əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ər ɛz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt kəmˈpoʊnənt əv ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd nɔɪz. ɪn ðə 2010 ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ðə ʤɛt ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt kənˈteɪnz kəˈlɪʒən ɪˈvɛnts ɪgˈzɪbɪtɪŋ ə waɪd reɪnʤ əv ˈdɪfərənt ʤɛt kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃənz, frəm ðə moʊst juˈbɪkwɪtəs keɪs wɪθ ʤɛt pɛrz, tɪ ðə mɔr ɪgˈzɑtɪk keɪs wɪθ ʤɪst ə ˈsɪŋgəl ʤɛt (wɪʧ maɪt bi ə ˈsɪgnəl əv dɑrk ˈmætər), tɪ ðə ɪkˈsploʊsɪv keɪs wɪθ ə haɪ ˌməltəˈplɪsɪti əv ˌɛnərˈʤɛtɪk ʤɛts (wɪʧ maɪt əraɪz frəm pərˈdəkʃən). waɪl ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əv ʤɛts ɪn kəˈlɪʒənz həz bɪn noʊn sɪns 1975 (ənd ˈɑrgjuəbli ˈivɪn ˈərliər ðən ðət), ðɛr həz bɪn rɪˈmɑrkəbəl ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn ðə pæst ˈdɛkeɪd ɪn ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ ðə əv ʤɛts. ə ˈtɪpɪkəl ʤɛt ɪz kəmˈpoʊzd əv əraʊnd ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈpɑrtɪkəlz, ənd ðə ˈpætərn əv ðoʊz ˈpɑrtɪkəlz ˈsətəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ˈwɛðər ðə ʤɛt kəmz frəm ə kwɑrk, ər frəm ə, ər frəm ə mɔr ɪgˈzɑtɪk ˈɑbʤɛkt. ʤɛt kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ bi ən ˈæktɪv ˈɛriə əv dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪn kəˈlaɪdər ˈfɪzɪks, wɪθ ˈmɛni nu ədˈvænsɪz meɪd ˈɛvəri jɪr. ə ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪŋ ˈfiʧər əv ʤɛts ɪz ðət ðeɪ ɪgˈzɪbɪt bɪˈheɪvjər: ɛz wən zumz ɪn ɔn ə ʤɛt ənd ɪgˈzæmənz ɪts, wən faɪndz ðət ðə ˌɪtˈsɛlf həz sub-substructure*, wɪʧ həz sub-sub-substructure*, ənd soʊ ɔn. ðɪs bɪˈheɪvjər ɪz ˈkæpʧərd baɪ ðə ˈsplɪtɪŋ functions”*”, wɪʧ dɪˈskraɪbz haʊ ə kwɑrk ər ˈfrægmənts ˈɪntu mɔr kwɑrks ənd gluons*. rɪˈfərz tɪ kˈwɑntəm chromodynamics*, wɪʧ ɪz ðə ˈθɪri ðət dɪˈskraɪbz ðə ˌɪnərˈækʃənz əv kwɑrks ənd gluons*.) waɪl ðə ˈsplɪtɪŋ ˈfəŋkʃənz ər wɛl noʊn ənd hæv bɪn ˌɪndərˈɛkˌtli ˈtɛstɪd θru ə ˈməltəˌtud əv kəˈlaɪdər ˈmɛʒərmənts, ðeɪ hæd ˈnɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr bɪn ˈtɛstɪd dɪˈrɛkli. ɪn maɪ 2015 ˈrisərʧ wɪθ ˈændru ənd sɪˈmoʊn, wi faʊnd ə weɪ tɪ ənˈrævəl ðə ˈstrəkʧər əv ə ʤɛt tɪ ɪkˈspoʊz ðə ˈsplɪtɪŋ ˈfəŋkʃən. ðɪs ˈmɛθəd bɪlt əˈpɑn ə reɪnʤ əv ʤɛt ˌɪnəˈveɪʃənz ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə ʤɛt ˈmɛθəd frəm ðə leɪt, ə ʤɛt ˈgrumɪŋ tɛkˈnik frəm 2008 ðət ˈɑrgjuəbli lɔnʧt ðə fild əv, ə rəˈfaɪnmənt ənd frəm 2013 ənd ə ˈpaʊərfəl frəm 2014 ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈmɛθəd, waɪl səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtəd ɪn ɪts ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən, ɪz ˈsɪmpəl ɪn ɪts ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən, sɪns ˈæftər ˌdikəmˈpoʊzɪŋ ə ʤɛt ˈɪntu ɪt kɔr kəmˈpoʊnənts, wən kən ““see”*” ðə ˈsplɪtɪŋ function…*… æt list ɪn ˈθɪri. kənˈfrəntɪŋ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə kʊd wi ɪkˈspoʊz ðə ˈsplɪtɪŋ ˈfəŋkʃən ˈjuzɪŋ ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈdætə frəm ðə? weɪ ənd sɛt aʊt tɪ pɑrs ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə waɪl ˈændru ənd sɪˈmoʊn pərˈfɔrmd ðə ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃənz. rɪˈmɑrkəbli, ʤɪst ə fju mənθs ˈleɪtər ɪn ˈɔgəst 2015 aɪ wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈprɛzənt ˈvɛri prɪˈlɪməˌnɛri rɪˈzəlts frəm ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs æt ðə bust 2015 ˈwərkˌʃɑp ɪn ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ. ˈlɪtəl dɪd wi noʊ ðət ɪt wʊd teɪk ˈjuˈɛs əˈnəðər tu jɪrz tɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli gɪt ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs ˈɪntu ə fɔrm. ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ər riˈlist ɪn ðə seɪm ˈfɔrˌmæt juzd baɪ ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv əˈfɪʃəl æˈnælɪˌsiz. soʊ, nɑt səˈpraɪzɪŋli, wi hæd tɪ pərˈfɔrm ˈmɛni əv ðə seɪm æˈnælɪsɪs stɛps juzd ˌɪnˈtərnəli baɪ. səm əv ðiz stɛps wər fəˈmɪljər tɪ mi frəm maɪ ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz ˈɪntu ʤɛts, səʧ ɛz aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪɪŋ ʤɛts ˈjuzɪŋ ˈkləstərɪŋ ˈælgərˌɪðəmz, əˈplaɪɪŋ səˈlɛkʃən kraɪˈtɪriə tɪ ˈaɪsəˌleɪt ðə ʤɛts əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst, ˈdɪgɪŋ ˈɪntu ən ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ʤɛt ˈjuzɪŋ ə groʊɪŋ ˈtulˌbɔks əv tɛkˈniks, ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈhɪstəˌgræmz əv ðə rɪˈzəlts. moʊst əv ɑr taɪm, ðoʊ, wɑz spɛnt traɪɪŋ tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðə ˈmɪriəd ˈʧælənʤɪz feɪst ɪn ˈɛni ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ʤɛts. waɪl aɪ hæd hərd əv moʊst əv ðiz ˈʧælənʤɪz baɪ neɪm, aɪ hæd noʊ ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ðɛm ɪn ˈpræktɪs. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, sɪns dɪˈtɛktər ˈdætə kən bi ˈnɔɪzi, wi hæd tɪ ˌɪmˈpoʊz kˈwɑləti criteria”*” tɪ meɪk ʃʊr wi ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ˈfænəm ʤɛts. sɪns dɪˈtɛktər ˈdætə kən bi ˌɪmˈpərfɪkt, wi hæd tɪ əˈplaɪ ˈɛnərʤi kərˈɛkʃən factors”*” tɪ əˈkaʊnt fər ˈmɪsɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wɪˈθɪn ðə ʤɛts. wi hæd tɪ lərn haʊ tɪ ˈmænɪʤ 2 ˈtiˈbi əv ˈdætə, wɪʧ ɪz smɔl ɪˈnəf tɪ fɪt ɔn ə ˈtɪpɪkəl hɑrd draɪv, bət lɑrʤ ɪˈnəf ðət ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ ðə kəmˈplit ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt tʊk tu wiks ɔn ə ˈsɪŋgəl kəmˈpjutər. (ɪn ˈrɛtrəˌspɛkt, wi ˈprɑbəˌbli ʃʊd hæv ˈlɛvərɪʤd kəmˈpjutɪŋ ˈrisɔrsɪz, bət wi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ tɛst ðə kleɪm ðət wɪθ ə laptop”*” ʃʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə.) baɪ fɑr ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈʧælənʤ fər ˈjuˈɛs (ənd fər moʊst ʤɛt æˈnælɪˌsiz) wɑz ““triggering”*”. aɪ ˈmɛnʃənd əˈbəv ðət ðə ʤɛt ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt kənˈteɪnz ˈmɛni ˈdɪfərənt kaɪnz əv ʤɛt kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃənz, bət aɪ ɪkˈspleɪn haʊ ɪgˈzæktli ðoʊz kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃənz wər ˈʧoʊzən. ðə kəˈlɪʒən reɪt æt ðə ɪz soʊ haɪ ðət ðɛr ɪˈnəf kəmˈpjutɪŋ ˈrisɔrsɪz əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ˈprɔˌsɛs ɔl əv ðə ˈdætə ðət ɪz kəˈlɛktəd, ˈnɛvər maɪnd ðə ˈʧælənʤɪz əv trænsˈmɪtɪŋ səʧ lɑrʤ ˈdætə frəm ðə dɪˈtɛktər tɪ ˈstɔrɪʤ. ˌɪnˈstɛd, həz ə ˈkɑmplɛks ˈsɪstəm əv ˈtrɪgərz ðət ˈriʤɛkt ““uninteresting”*” ɪˈvɛnts ənd səˈlɛkt ““interesting”*” ɪˈvɛnts. ðə ˈrizən fər ðə skɛr kwoʊts ɪz ðət ˈtrɪgərz ər ˌɪnˈdid ˈskɛri. ðɛr ɪz ə ˈrəðər lɑrʤ ˈmɛnju əv ˈdɪfərənt ˈpɑsəbəl ɪˈvɛnt kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃənz ðət ˌɪnˈvɑlv ʤɛts ənd ˈəðər kəˈlaɪdər ˈɑbʤɛkts. ɪf meɪd ə mɪˈsteɪk ɪn ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪŋ wɪʧ ɪˈvɛnts wər ““interesting”*”, ðɛn pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈvæljəbəl ˈdætə kʊd bi lɔst fərˈɛvər. ɔn ðə flɪp saɪd, ɪf ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət tu ˈmɛni ɪˈvɛnts wər ““interesting”*”, ðɛn ðət kʊd fləd ðɛr kəmˈpjutɪŋ ˈsɪstəmz wɪθ ə ˈdɛljuʤ əv ˈjusləs ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. fər ɑr ˈfaɪnəl æˈnælɪsɪs, wi hæd tɪ ˈkɛrfəli soʊ təˈgɛðər faɪv ˈdɪfərənt ˈtrɪgər səˈlɛkʃənz, ɔl əv wɪʧ ʧeɪnʤd ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ðə 2010 rən. ɛz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl, wən əv ðə ˈtrɪgərz wɑz neɪmd ““hlt_jet70u”*”. ““hlt”*” stændz fər trigger”*”, wɪʧ ɪz ðə moʊst səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtəd ˈlɛvəl əv ˈtrɪgər səˈlɛkʃən. ““jet”*” minz ðət ðɛr wɑz ʤɪst ə ˈsɪŋgəl ʤɛt ˈɑbʤɛkt juzd tɪ dɪˈfaɪn ðə ˈtrɪgər (ˈivɪn ðoʊ moʊst əv ðə səˈlɛktɪd ɪˈvɛnts kənˈteɪn tu ʤɛts). wən maɪt θɪŋk ðət wʊd min ðət ðɪs ˈtrɪgər wʊd səˈlɛkt ʤɛts wɪθ ən ˈɛnərʤi (ˈstrɪktli ˈspikɪŋ, momentum”*”) əˈbəv 70, bət ðə ““u”*” minz ““uncalibrated”*”, səʧ ðət ˈoʊnli wɪn ðə ʤɛt ˈɛnərʤi wɑz əˈbəv 150 wɑz ““hlt_jet70u”*” ˌgɛrənˈtid tɪ wərk ɛz ɪkˈspɛktɪd. θru ə lɔŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs əv traɪəl ənd ˈɛrər, wi ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈfɪgjərd aʊt haʊ tɪ ˈprɑpərli juz ðə ʤɛt ˈtrɪgər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən frəm, wɪʧ wɑz ɛˈsɛnʃəl fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ geɪn ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪn ɑr rɪˈzəlts. ˈəltəmətli, wəns wi dɛlt wɪθ ðiz ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˌkɑmpləˈkeɪʃənz, wi səkˈsidɪd æt ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ ðə ˈsplɪtɪŋ ˈfəŋkʃən ˈjuzɪŋ ðə 2010 ˈoʊpən ˈdætə. ðə rɪˈzəlts wər ˈpərfəktli ɪn laɪn wɪθ ɑr ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz, prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ə dɪˈrɛkt ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən əv ðə ˈfræktəl ˈstrəkʧər əv ʤɛts. ɑrmd wɪθ ðɪs rɪʧ ˈoʊpən ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt, wi ˈɔlsoʊ pərˈfɔrmd ə vərˈaɪəti əv əˈdɪʃənəl tɛsts ðət wər ˈoʊnli ˈpɑsəbəl bɪˈkəz əv ðə fænˈtæstɪk pərˈfɔrməns əv ðə dɪˈtɛktər. ˈkəmɪŋ fʊl ˈsərkəl, pərˈzɛnəd ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs æt ðə bust 2017 ˈwərkˌʃɑp ɪn ˈbəfəˌloʊ: tu jɪrz əv ˈɛfərt ˈɪntu ə tɔk. ˈlərnɪŋ frəm ðə kəmˈjunɪti waɪl ɑr tu ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz ˈoʊnli lɪst faɪv ˈɔθərz (aashish*, weɪ, ˈændru, sɪˈmoʊn ənd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf), ɑr ækˈnɑlɪʤmənts ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz əraʊnd 40 hu ˈʤɛnərəsli ˈɔfərd ðɛr taɪm, ədˈvaɪs, ənd, ɪn səm ˈkeɪsɪz, koʊd. wɪˈθaʊt hɛlp frəm sæl, wi wʊd hæv ˈstrəgəld tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt haʊ tɪ ˈɛkˌstrækt ənd əˈplaɪ ðə ˈprɑpər ʤɛt kərˈɛkʃən ˈfæktərz. wɪˈθaʊt hɛlp frəm ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə tim, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈkeɪti ənd ˈgaɪsər, wi wʊd hæv ˈnɛvər ˈfɪgjərd aʊt haʊ tɪ dɪˈtərmən ðə luminosity”*”, wɪʧ tɛlz ju haʊ məʧ ˈtoʊtəl ˈdætə hæd kəˈlɛktəd. wɛˈnɛvər aɪ geɪv tɔks əˈbaʊt ɑr ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ˈɛfərt, ɪn ðə ˈɔdiəns wʊd ˈkaɪndli pɔɪnt aʊt səm əv ɑr mistakes”*” (ˈɔfən meɪd baɪ ˈstɑrtɪŋ ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈpiˌeɪʧˈdi ˈstudənts). wi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈbɛnəfɪtɪd frəm ˈhævɪŋ ə 2015 ˈsəmər ˈstudənt əˈlɛksɪs roʊˈmɛroʊ (naʊ ə ˈgræʤəˌweɪt ˈstudənt æt ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, ˈərvaɪn) tɛst ˈwɛðər ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə rɪˈzəlts əˈgrid wɪθ ðoʊz əbˈteɪnd frəm ˈsɪmjəˌleɪtɪd ˈsæmpəlz. moʊst əv ðə ˈfidˌbæk wi gɑt frəm ðə ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪks kəmˈjunɪti wɑz ˈvɛri ˈpɑzətɪv. ðoʊ ðɛr wɑz kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ðət ə tim əv faɪv ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪsɪsts kʊd pərˈfɔrm ə æˈnælɪsɪs beɪst ɔn ˈoʊpən kəˈlaɪdər ˈdætə, məʧ əv ðət ˈdɪsəˌpeɪtɪd wəns ɪt bɪˈkeɪm klɪr ðət ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs wɑz beɪst ˈlɑrʤli ɔn ðə seɪm ˈwərkˌfloʊ juzd baɪ. ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs ɪz baɪ noʊ minz ˈpərˌfɪkt, sɪns ðɛr ər ˈpleɪsɪz wɛr wi ˈsɪmpli hæv ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən (ər ðə ˌɛkspərˈtiz) tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ə noʊn ˈʃɔrtˌkəmɪŋ. bət aɪ æm praʊd ðət wi əˈplaɪd ə haɪ dɪˈgri əv ˈskrutəni tɪ ɑr oʊn wərk, ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðə ˈfaɪnəl plɑts ɪn ɑr sɛpˈtɛmbər 2017 ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən ər ɛˈsɛnʃəli ðə seɪm ɛz ðə wənz aɪ ʃoʊd bæk ɪn ˈɔgəst 2015 ðɛr wər, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ə ˈnəmbər əv kənˈsərnz reɪzd baɪ ɑr wərk. ənˈlaɪk æˈnælɪˌsiz pərˈfɔrmd wɪˈθɪn, ɑr wərk dɪd nɑt hæv tɪ goʊ θru ðə ˈrɪgərəs ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˌrivˈju ˈprɔˌsɛs. (ɑr ˈpeɪpərz wər ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ pɪr ˌrivˈju praɪər tɪ ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən, bət ðət ˈstændərd ɪz nɑt ˈnɪrli ɛz ˈstrɪnʤənt ɛz ðə wən əˈplaɪd wɪˈθɪn.) ənˈlaɪk ˈmɛmbərz, wi dɪd nɑt hæv tɪ pərˈfɔrm ˈsərvɪs wərk ɔn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt tɪ geɪn ˈɔθərˌʃɪp ˈstætəs. (səm əv maɪ ˈsɔfˌwɛr tulz hæv bɪn ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd ˈɪntu ðə ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈfreɪmˌwərk, bət ðət ɪz ə ˈrɛlətɪvli smɔl ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃən tɪ ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈɛfərt.) ðiz ˈɪʃuz ər nɑt spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ðoʊ, ənd əraɪz ˈɛni taɪm ˈdætə ər riˈlist ˈɪntu ðə ˈpəblɪk doʊˈmeɪn. ˌɪnˈdid, ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌgɛrənˈti ðət ˈpəblɪk ˈdætə wɪl bi juzd kərˈɛktli, ənd ðɛr ɪz ə rɪsk ðət ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈdætə ˈpəblɪk wɪl meɪk ɪt lɛs əˈtræktɪv fər ən ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛntəlɪst tɪ ʤɔɪn ə kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən. ɪn maɪ vju, ðoʊ, ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈbɛnəfɪts əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈdætə ˈpəblɪk ˈaʊtˌweɪ ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk kɔsts. wɪθ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ðɛr ɪz ə taɪm læg əv jɪrz bɪtˈwin wɪn ðə ˈdætə ər kəˈlɛktəd ənd wɪn ɪt ɪz meɪd ˈpəblɪk. ðət taɪm læg hɛlps ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ˈkɑmpləmənts, ˈrəðər ðən kəmˈpits, wɪθ ðə nidz əv ðə kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən. mɔˈroʊvər, ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ər ə ˈstɛpɪŋ stoʊn təˈwɔrdz fʊl ɑrˈkaɪvəl ˈækˌsɛs, səʧ ðət ˈivɪn wɪn ðə ɪz ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli dikəˈmɪʃənd, ðə ˈdætə wɪl bi prɪˈzərvd fər fˈjuʧər juz. baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈdætə ˈpəblɪk, ðɛr ɪz ə ʧæns tɪ pərˈfɔrm ə æˈnælɪsɪs laɪk ɑrz, wɛr 2010 ˈdætə, riˈlist ɪn 2014 ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ə 2015 tɛkˈnik, fər ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃən ɪn 2017 ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋli, ɛz wi wər pərˈsuɪŋ ɑr ˈoʊpən ˈdætə æˈnælɪsɪs, ðɛr wɑz ən əˈfɪʃəl æˈnælɪsɪs ɔn ə ˈsɪmələr ˈtɑpɪk. ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs wɑz beɪst ɔn kəˈlɪʒənz frəm 2010 waɪl ðə æˈnælɪsɪs wɑz beɪst ˈmoʊstli ɔn kəˈlɪʒənz frəm 2015 ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs wɑz ən ɪkˈsplɔrəˌtɔri ˈstədi əv ʤɛt, waɪl ðə æˈnælɪsɪs wɑz fɑr mɔr æmˈbɪʃəs, ˈjuzɪŋ ʤɛt tɪ proʊb ðə ˈprɑpərtiz əv ə hɑt, dɛns steɪt əv ˈmætər kɔld ðə ˈplæzmə. wən kʊd ˈsɪnɪkəli seɪ ðət ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs wɑz ˈstilɪŋ ˈθəndər frəm, bət aɪ si ðiz tu ˈstədiz ɛz biɪŋ ˌsɪnərˈʤɪstɪk, sɪns wi meɪd ˈdɪfərənt æˈnælɪsɪs ˈʧɔɪsɪz ðət lɛd tɪ ˌkɑmpləˈmɛnʧi ˈfɪzɪks ˈɪnˌsaɪts. ɪn ðɪs weɪ, ˈoʊpən ˈdætə kən ɪnˈrɪʧ ðə ˈdaɪəˌlɔg bɪtˈwin ðə ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ənd ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈpɑrtɪkəl ˈfɪzɪks kəmˈjunɪtiz. ˈbrɔdənɪŋ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ˈɛfərt ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ɑr oʊn æˈnælɪˌsiz, wi ər traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk ɪt ˈiziər fər ˈəðərz tɪ wərk wɪθ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə. fər ɑr ʤɛt wərk, wi faʊnd ɪt ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl tɪ teɪk ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈoʊpən ˈdætə riˈlist ɪn ˈfɔrˌmæt ˈɑbʤɛkt data”*”) ənd dɪˈstɪl ɪt ˈɪntu ə ˈsɪmpələr mɔd ˈfɔrˌmæt (ʃɔrt fər ““modified”*”, tɪ ˈoʊpən data”*”). bɪˈkəz mɔd faɪlz kənˈteɪn ə strɪkt ˈsəbˌsɛt əv ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ɪt hɛlpt ˈjuˈɛs ˈɛkspɪˌdaɪt ðə æˈnælɪsɪs ˈwərkˌfloʊ ɛz wɛl ɛz əˈvɔɪd ˈkɑmən ˈpɪtˌfɔlz. dɪˈvɛləpt tu riˈpɑzəˌtɔriz tɪ ˈproʊdus ənd mɔd faɪlz, ənd ðɪs koʊd kʊd bi ðə ˈbeɪsɪs fər ˈsəbsəkwənt ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ˈstədiz. (ðət sɛd, aɪ du nɑt ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd traɪɪŋ tɪ juz ðiz tulz ɪn ðɛr ˈprɛzənt fɔrmz, sɪns wi ər ˈæktɪvli ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ ˈsɪmpləˌfaɪ ðɛm ənd meɪk ðɛm mɔr ˈpɔrtəbəl.) ɪn ˈeɪprəl 2016 ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt riˈlist ðə ˈsɛkənd bæʧ əv ˈoʊpən ˈdætə frəm 2011 kəˈlɪʒənz. ðɪs 2011 ˈdætə sɛt ɪz fɑr ˈrɪʧər ðən ðə 2010 riˈlis, sɪns ɪt kənˈteɪnz ˈmɛni mɔr ɪˈvɛnt ˈkætəˌgɔriz ɛz wɛl ɛz mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt dɪˈtɛktər pərˈfɔrməns. aɪ hæv ˈgæðərd ə nu tim əv θiərɪsts tɪ wərk wɪθ ðə 2011 ˈdætə, ənd aɪ hoʊp tɪ rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðət wərk ˈsəmˌtaɪm nɛkst jɪr. kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ɑr ˈstədi wɪθ ðə 2010 ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ɑr ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ æˈnælɪsɪs ɪz ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli ˈsɪmpələr (sɪns ɪt dɪˈrɛkli ˌɪnˈvɑlv ʤɛts) ənd mɔr ˈkɑmplɛks (sɪns wi ər ˈdɪgɪŋ ˈɪntu mɔr kəˈlɪʒən ˈprɑpərtiz). aɪ wɔnt tɪ rɪˈvil ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈtɑpɪk əv ɑr ˈstədi, ðoʊ, sɪns ˌʃɔrtˈtərm ˈsikrəsi ɪz ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈnidɪd tɪ ɪˈneɪbəl ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈoʊpənəs (cf*. ðə jɪr taɪm læg fər ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə riˈlis). sun, ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɪl riˈlis ðə θərd bæʧ əv ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ðɪs taɪm frəm 2012 wɪθ ˈhoʊpfəli ɪˈnəf ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ ˌriprəˈdus ðə ˌmɑnjəˈmɛnəl ˌdɪˈskəvri əv ðə hɪgz boson*. bɪɔnd ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, aɪ æm ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlʊkɪŋ fər weɪz tɪ juz ɑrˈkaɪvəl ˈdætə frəm ðə ˈɑləf ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ˈɑləf wɑz wən əv ðə fɔr meɪn ɪkˈspɛrəmənts æt ðə ˈfɔrmər lɑrʤ (lɛp) kəˈlaɪdər æt sərn. lɛp kloʊzd ɪn 2000 səʧ ðət ðə ˈtənəl kʊd bi riuzd fər ðə. wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv ˈɑləf kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən ˈmɛmbər ˌmɑrˈsɛloʊ ˈmæˌʤi, wi ər ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈɑləf ˈdætə frəm ðə ənd əˈplaɪɪŋ ʤɛt tɛkˈniks ðət ˈivɪn kənˈsivd əv ənˈtɪl 2008 waɪl lɛp ˈdætə ɪz ˈvɛri ˈdɪfərənt frəm ˈdætə, aɪ ɪkˈspɛkt səm əv ðə ˈlɛsənz frəm ɑr ɑrˈkaɪvəl lɛp ˈstədiz tɪ ˌɪnˈfɔrm ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ æˈnælɪˌsiz æt ðə. ən ˈoʊpən ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən wɪn aɪ fərst ˈstɑrtɪd ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ˈpipəl wʊd ˈɔfən æsk mi waɪ aɪ ʤɪst ʤɔɪn. ˈæftər ɔl, ˌɪnˈstɛd əv traɪɪŋ tɪ lɛd ə smɔl grup əv θiərɪsts wɪθ noʊ ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ɪkˈspɪriəns, aɪ kʊd hæv ˈlɛvərɪʤd ðə paʊər ənd ˈɪnˌsaɪts əv ə kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən. ðɪs ɪz true…*… ɪf maɪ ˈoʊnli goʊl wɑz tɪ pərˈfɔrm wən spɪˈsɪfɪk ʤɛt æˈnælɪsɪs. bət wət əˈbaʊt mɔr ɪkˈsplɔrəˌtɔri ˈstədiz wɛr ðə ˈθɪri jɛt bɪn ˌɪnˈvɛntɪd? wət əˈbaʊt ɪnˈgeɪʤɪŋ ˌəndərˈgræʤəwət ˈstudənts hu ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ɪf ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ pərˈsu ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ər ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl wərk? wət əˈbaʊt ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ oʊld ˈdætə fər saɪnz əv nu ˈfɪzɪks? wət əˈbaʊt hu maɪt nɑt hæv wərld ˈɛkspərts ɔn ənd kəˈlɪʒənz ɪn ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ nɛkst dɔr? ənd wət ˈhæpənz ɪf aɪ hæv ə greɪt nu ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl aɪˈdiə ˈæftər ðə həz ɔˈrɛdi ʃət daʊn? ðiz wər ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ðət ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd mi tɪ dɪg ˈɪntu ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə, ənd aɪ hoʊp ðət ðeɪ maɪt ˈmoʊtəˌveɪt səm əv ju tɪ teɪk ə lʊk ɛz wɛl. ɑr tu ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz ər ə pruf əv ˈprɪnsəpəl ðət ˈoʊpən kəˈlaɪdər æˈnælɪˌsiz ər ˈfizəbəl ənd pəˈtɛnʃəli impactful*. ˈəltəmətli, ˈfɪzɪks ɪz ən ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl saɪəns, ənd ðə ˈæfərˌɪzəm ðət meɪks ju smarter”*” hoʊldz æt ðə moʊst faʊnˈdeɪʃənəl ˈlɛvəl. ɪt ɪz tru ðət ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəl ˈɪnˌsaɪts hæv pleɪd ə ˈkruʃəl roʊl ɪn səˈlɪdəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə ˈprɪnsəpəlz əv ˌfəndəˈmɛnəl ˈfɪzɪks. bət ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ wi noʊ fər ˈsərtən əˈbaʊt ðə ˈjunəˌvərs həz ərˈɪʤəˌneɪtəd frəm ˈsɛnʧəriz əv kin ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ənd dɪˈteɪld ˈmɛʒərmənts. wɪˈθaʊt ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈdætə, ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈprɪnsəpəlz wʊd bi mɪr ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃənz. wɪθ ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˈdætə, wi hæv ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ɪkˈspoʊz ðə ˈdipəst ˈstrəkʧərz əv ðə universe…*… nɑt ʤɪst baɪ ˈskrɪbəlɪŋ ɔn ə bət baɪ sˈmæʃɪŋ təˈgɛðər ˈpɑrtɪkəlz æt ˈɛnərʤiz. wɪn ju ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ ʤəmp ˈɪntu ðə ˈoʊpən ˈdætə ˈjɔrsɛlf (ənd aɪ hoʊp ju du), ju wɪl bi kənˈfrəntɪd wɪθ ðɪs kˈwɛʃən: hæv ˌɪnˈstɔld ðə sərn ˈvərʧuəl məˈʃin: naʊ what?”*?” ˌhaʊˈɛvər ju ˈænsər ðɪs kˈwɛʃən, aɪ æm ʃʊr ðət ju ər goʊɪŋ tɪ lərn ˈsəmθɪŋ. ənd ˈhoʊpfəli, ju wɪl tiʧ ðə rɛst əv ˈjuˈɛs ˈsəmθɪŋ, tu.
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june has finally arrived and it has brought with it an entirely new slate of tv titles to for your streaming pleasure. the original programming juggernaut is right in the middle of releasing a punch of its most and celebrated shows. last week, unveiled the fifth season of the political drama house of cards. now, just over a week later, the service is preparing to launch season 5 of everybody's favorite dramedy, orange is the new black. for fans of original programming, this is one hell of a week. if you're not totally into those two shows, there's no need to worry. there are plenty of other great shows to binge through on these late summer nights. here are some of the best tv shows to stream on for the week of. photo credit:
slide orange is the new black season 5 like we already talked about, orange is the new black is the talk of the tv town this week. despite the hacker scandals and leaked episodes, fans are still excited about the new installment of piper chapman's saga. the only unfortunate thing about this release, is that it's being done in typical fashion - meaning the episodes aren't hitting your until early friday morning. if you're having too hard of a time waiting for the new season, there's always time to binge through the first four seasons again. well, maybe if you binge really, really hard. come 3 am friday morning, orange is the new black will have an slate for you to enjoy. (photo:)
slide superheroes on superheroes if women in prison really isn't your style, maybe try taking up archery or sprinting. well, try watching people shoot bows and run faster than the speed of light. the newest seasons of tv's biggest superhero shows have been added to the roster, and not long after they ended their latest seasons. legends of tomorrow and both had their second seasons put on in the past couple of weeks. however, in the past seven days, the fifth season of arrow and the third season of the flash were put on the streaming service. with 12 total seasons of superhero programming currently streaming on, there's more comic material than you can imagine. (photo:/wb)
slide america the beautiful memorial day may be behind us, but the fourth of july is still on the horizon. right in between these two holidays, many will find themselves feeling very patriotic. if you fall into this category, you're definitely in luck. there are two great american programs for fans to binge through on. as we mentioned at the top of the article, house of cards has just debuted its fifth season. the political drama has had fans buzzing since its premiere, and the new episodes contain some of the biggest moments and most shocking twists of the series. on the other end of the spectrum you've got the revolutionary war drama, turn: washington's spies. the amc series is about to premiere its fourth and final season this summer and, in order to adequately prepare, all three current seasons are now available to stream (photo:)
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ʤun həz ˈfaɪnəli əraɪvd ənd ɪt həz brɔt wɪθ ɪt ən ɪnˈtaɪərli nu sleɪt əv ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈtaɪtəlz tɪ fər jʊr ˈstrimɪŋ ˈplɛʒər. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ˈʤəgərˌnɔt ɪz raɪt ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv riˈlisɪŋ ə pənʧ əv ɪts moʊst ənd ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪd ʃoʊz. læst wik, ənˈveɪld ðə fɪθ ˈsizən əv ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈdrɑmə haʊs əv kɑrdz. naʊ, ʤɪst ˈoʊvər ə wik ˈleɪtər, ðə ˈsərvɪs ɪz pərˈpɛrɪŋ tɪ lɔnʧ ˈsizən 5 əv ˈɛvriˌbɑdiz ˈfeɪvərɪt dramedy*, ˈɔrɪnʤ ɪz ðə nu blæk. fər fænz əv ərˈɪʤənəl ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ, ðɪs ɪz wən hɛl əv ə wik. ɪf jʊr nɑt ˈtoʊtəli ˈɪntu ðoʊz tu ʃoʊz, ðɛrz noʊ nid tɪ ˈwəri. ðɛr ər ˈplɛnti əv ˈəðər greɪt ʃoʊz tɪ bɪnʤ θru ɔn ðiz leɪt ˈsəmər naɪts. hir ər səm əv ðə bɛst ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊz tɪ strim ɔn fər ðə wik əv ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈkrɛdɪt: slaɪd ˈɔrɪnʤ ɪz ðə nu blæk ˈsizən 5 laɪk wi ɔˈrɛdi tɔkt əˈbaʊt, ˈɔrɪnʤ ɪz ðə nu blæk ɪz ðə tɔk əv ðə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən taʊn ðɪs wik. dɪˈspaɪt ðə ˈhækər ˈskændəlz ənd likt ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz, fænz ər stɪl ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt ðə nu ˌɪnˈstɔlmənt əv ˈpaɪpər ˈʧæpmənz ˈsɑgə. ðə ˈoʊnli ənˈfɔrʧənət θɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðɪs riˈlis, ɪz ðət ɪts biɪŋ dən ɪn ˈtɪpɪkəl ˈfæʃən ˈminɪŋ ðə ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz ˈɑrənt ˈhɪtɪŋ jʊr ənˈtɪl ˈərli ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ. ɪf jʊr ˈhævɪŋ tu hɑrd əv ə taɪm ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ðə nu ˈsizən, ðɛrz ˈɔlˌweɪz taɪm tɪ bɪnʤ θru ðə fərst fɔr ˈsizənz əˈgɛn. wɛl, ˈmeɪbi ɪf ju bɪnʤ ˈrɪli, ˈrɪli hɑrd. kəm 3 æm ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ, ˈɔrɪnʤ ɪz ðə nu blæk wɪl hæv ən sleɪt fər ju tɪ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ:) slaɪd ˌsupərˈhiroʊz ɔn ˌsupərˈhiroʊz ɪf ˈwɪmən ɪn ˈprɪzən ˈrɪli ˈɪzənt jʊr staɪl, ˈmeɪbi traɪ ˈteɪkɪŋ əp ˈɑrʧəri ər ˈsprɪntɪŋ. wɛl, traɪ ˈwɑʧɪŋ ˈpipəl ʃut boʊz ənd rən ˈfæstər ðən ðə spid əv laɪt. ðə nuəst ˈsizənz əv ˈtiˈviz ˈbɪgəst ˌsupərˈhiroʊ ʃoʊz hæv bɪn ˈædɪd tɪ ðə ˈrɑstər, ənd nɑt lɔŋ ˈæftər ðeɪ ˈɛndɪd ðɛr ˈleɪtəst ˈsizənz. ˈlɛʤəndz əv təˈmɑˌroʊ ənd boʊθ hæd ðɛr ˈsɛkənd ˈsizənz pʊt ɔn ɪn ðə pæst ˈkəpəl əv wiks. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪn ðə pæst ˈsɛvən deɪz, ðə fɪθ ˈsizən əv ˈɛroʊ ənd ðə θərd ˈsizən əv ðə flæʃ wər pʊt ɔn ðə ˈstrimɪŋ ˈsərvɪs. wɪθ 12 ˈtoʊtəl ˈsizənz əv ˌsupərˈhiroʊ ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ˈkərəntli ˈstrimɪŋ ɔn, ðɛrz mɔr ˈkɑmɪk məˈtɪriəl ðən ju kən ˌɪˈmæʤən. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: cw/wb*) slaɪd əˈmɛrɪkə ðə ˈbjutəfəl məˈmɔriəl deɪ meɪ bi bɪˈhaɪnd ˈjuˈɛs, bət ðə fɔrθ əv ˌʤuˈlaɪ ɪz stɪl ɔn ðə hərˈaɪzən. raɪt ɪn bɪtˈwin ðiz tu ˈhɑləˌdeɪz, ˈmɛni wɪl faɪnd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈfilɪŋ ˈvɛri ˌpeɪtriˈɑtɪk. ɪf ju fɔl ˈɪntu ðɪs ˈkætəˌgɔri, jʊr ˈdɛfənətli ɪn lək. ðɛr ər tu greɪt əˈmɛrɪkən ˈproʊˌgræmz fər fænz tɪ bɪnʤ θru ɔn. ɛz wi ˈmɛnʃənd æt ðə tɔp əv ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl, haʊs əv kɑrdz həz ʤɪst ˈdeɪbjutɪd ɪts fɪθ ˈsizən. ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈdrɑmə həz hæd fænz ˈbəzɪŋ sɪns ɪts prɛˈmɪr, ənd ðə nu ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz kənˈteɪn səm əv ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈmoʊmənts ənd moʊst ˈʃɑkɪŋ twɪsts əv ðə ˈsɪriz. ɔn ðə ˈəðər ɛnd əv ðə ˈspɛktrəm juv gɑt ðə ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri wɔr ˈdrɑmə, tərn: ˈwɔʃɪŋtənz spaɪz. ðə ˈeɪˌɛmˈsi ˈsɪriz ɪz əˈbaʊt tɪ prɛˈmɪr ɪts fɔrθ ənd ˈfaɪnəl ˈsizən ðɪs ˈsəmər ənd, ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈædəkwɪtli priˈpɛr, ɔl θri ˈkɑrənt ˈsizənz ər naʊ əˈveɪləbəl tɪ strim (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ:)
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mohammed al-shaikh, | archive photo of pilgrims walking counterclockwise around islam's holiest shrine, the kaaba, at the grand mosque in mecca, saudi arabia, on september 21, 2015
iran said sunday its pilgrims will miss the pilgrimage this year because saudi arabia, custodian of holiest sites, was raising obstacles and “blocking the path to allah” for its faithful.
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the iranian hajj organisation said: “saudi arabia is opposing the absolute right of iranians to go on the hajj and is blocking the path leading to allah.”
the saudi side had failed to respond to iranian demands over “the security and respect” of its pilgrims to mecca, of whom took part in last hajj, the organisation said.
in the latest dispute between regional rivals tehran and riyadh, “after two series of negotiations without any results because of obstacles raised by the saudis, iranian pilgrims will unfortunately not be able to take part in the hajj” in september, culture minister ali said.
saudi officials have said an iranian delegation wrapped up a visit to the kingdom on friday without reaching a final agreement on arrangements for pilgrims from the islamic republic.
the saudi hajj ministry said it had offered “many solutions” to meet a string of demands made by the iranians in two days of talks.
agreement had been reached in some areas, including to use electronic visas which could be printed out by iranian pilgrims, as saudi diplomatic missions remain shut in iran, it said.
it would be the first hajj in almost 30 years to take place without the participation of pilgrims from iran.
riyadh-tehran ties were severed for four years after more than 400 people were killed in mecca during clashes between iranian pilgrims and saudi security forces in 1987.
in january, relations were severed again after iranian demonstrators torched saudi embassy and a consulate following the execution of a prominent shiite cleric.
shiite iran and predominantly sunni saudi arabia are at odds over a raft of regional issues, notably the conflicts in syria and yemen in which they support opposing sides.
hajj ‘sabotage’
earlier this month, iran had accused its regional rival of seeking to “sabotage” the hajj, a pillar of islam that devout muslims must perform at least once during their lifetime if they are able.
tehran said riyadh had insisted that visas for iranians be issued in a third country and would not allow pilgrims to be flown aboard iranian aircraft.
but the saudi hajj ministry said on friday that riyadh had agreed to allow iranians to obtain visas through the swiss embassy in tehran, which has looked after saudi interests since ties were severed in january.
riyadh also agreed to allow some iranian carriers to fly pilgrims to the kingdom despite a ban imposed on iranian airlines following the diplomatic row between the two countries, the ministry said.
last talks were the second attempt by the two countries to reach a deal on this pilgrimage for iranians after an unsuccessful first round held in april in saudi arabia.
the saudi ministry said at the time that the iranian hajj organisation would be held responsible “in front of god and the people for the inability of its pilgrims to perform hajj this year.”
another contentious issue has been security, after a stampede at last hajj killed about foreign pilgrims, including 464 iranians.
(afp)
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moʊˈhæmɪd al-shaikh*, ˈɑrˌkaɪv ˈfoʊˌtoʊ əv ˈpɪlgrəmz ˈwɔkɪŋ ˌkaʊnərˈklɔkwaɪz əraʊnd ˌɪsˈlɑmz ˈhoʊliɪst ʃraɪn, ðə kaaba*, æt ðə grænd mɔsk ɪn ˈmɛkə, ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə, ɔn sɛpˈtɛmbər 21 2015 ˌɪˈrɑn sɛd ˈsənˌdi ɪts ˈpɪlgrəmz wɪl mɪs ðə ˈpɪlgrəmɪʤ ðɪs jɪr bɪˈkəz ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə, kəˈstoʊdiən əv ˈhoʊliɪst saɪts, wɑz ˈreɪzɪŋ ˈɑbstəkəlz ənd ðə pæθ tɪ allah”*” fər ɪts ˈfeɪθfəl. ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ rɛd mɔr ðə ˌɪˈrɑniən hæʤ ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən sɛd: əˈreɪbiə ɪz əˈpoʊzɪŋ ðə ˈæbsəˌlut raɪt əv ˌɪˈrɑniənz tɪ goʊ ɔn ðə hæʤ ənd ɪz ˈblɑkɪŋ ðə pæθ ˈlidɪŋ tɪ allah.”*.” ðə ˈsɔdi saɪd hæd feɪld tɪ rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ˌɪˈrɑniən dɪˈmændz ˈoʊvər sɪˈkjʊrəti ənd respect”*” əv ɪts ˈpɪlgrəmz tɪ ˈmɛkə, əv hum tʊk pɑrt ɪn læst hæʤ, ðə ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən sɛd. ɪn ðə ˈleɪtəst dɪˈspjut bɪtˈwin ˈriʤənəl ˈraɪvəlz ˌteɪˈrɑn ənd riɑd, tu ˈsɪriz əv nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni rɪˈzəlts bɪˈkəz əv ˈɑbstəkəlz reɪzd baɪ ðə ˈsɔdiz, ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈpɪlgrəmz wɪl ənˈfɔrʧənətli nɑt bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ teɪk pɑrt ɪn ðə hajj”*” ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər, ˈkəlʧər ˈmɪnɪstər ˈɑli sɛd. ˈsɔdi əˈfɪʃəlz hæv sɛd ən ˌɪˈrɑniən ˌdɛləˈgeɪʃən ræpt əp ə ˈvɪzɪt tɪ ðə ˈkɪŋdəm ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ wɪˈθaʊt ˈriʧɪŋ ə ˈfaɪnəl əˈgrimənt ɔn ərˈeɪnʤmənts fər ˈpɪlgrəmz frəm ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk riˈpəblɪk. ðə ˈsɔdi hæʤ ˈmɪnɪstri sɛd ɪt hæd ˈɔfərd solutions”*” tɪ mit ə strɪŋ əv dɪˈmændz meɪd baɪ ðə ˌɪˈrɑniənz ɪn tu deɪz əv tɔks. əˈgrimənt hæd bɪn riʧt ɪn səm ˈɛriəz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ tɪ juz ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk ˈvizəz wɪʧ kʊd bi ˈprɪnɪd aʊt baɪ ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈpɪlgrəmz, ɛz ˈsɔdi ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk ˈmɪʃənz rɪˈmeɪn ʃət ɪn ˌɪˈrɑn, ɪt sɛd. ɪt wʊd bi ðə fərst hæʤ ɪn ˈɔlˌmoʊst 30 jɪrz tɪ teɪk pleɪs wɪˈθaʊt ðə pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən əv ˈpɪlgrəmz frəm ˌɪˈrɑn. taɪz wər ˈsɛvərd fər fɔr jɪrz ˈæftər mɔr ðən 400 ˈpipəl wər kɪld ɪn ˈmɛkə ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈklæʃɪz bɪtˈwin ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈpɪlgrəmz ənd ˈsɔdi sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈfɔrsɪz ɪn 1987 ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, riˈleɪʃənz wər ˈsɛvərd əˈgɛn ˈæftər ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtərz tɔrʧt ˈsɔdi ˈɛmbəsi ənd ə ˈkɑnsələt ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə ˌɛksəˈkjuʃən əv ə ˈprɑmənənt ʃiaɪt ˈklɛrɪk. ʃiaɪt ˌɪˈrɑn ənd ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈsuni ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ər æt ɑdz ˈoʊvər ə ræft əv ˈriʤənəl ˈɪʃuz, ˈnoʊtəbli ðə ˈkɑnflɪkts ɪn ˈsɪriə ənd ˈjɛmən ɪn wɪʧ ðeɪ səˈpɔrt əˈpoʊzɪŋ saɪdz. hæʤ ‘‘sabotage’*’ ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ, ˌɪˈrɑn hæd əˈkjuzd ɪts ˈriʤənəl ˈraɪvəl əv ˈsikɪŋ tɪ ““sabotage”*” ðə hæʤ, ə ˈpɪlər əv ˌɪsˈlɑm ðət dɪˈvaʊt ˈməzlɪmz məst pərˈfɔrm æt list wəns ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɛr ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm ɪf ðeɪ ər ˈeɪbəl. ˌteɪˈrɑn sɛd riɑd hæd ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd ðət ˈvizəz fər ˌɪˈrɑniənz bi ˈɪʃud ɪn ə θərd ˈkəntri ənd wʊd nɑt əˈlaʊ ˈpɪlgrəmz tɪ bi floʊn əˈbɔrd ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈɛrˌkræft. bət ðə ˈsɔdi hæʤ ˈmɪnɪstri sɛd ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ðət riɑd hæd əˈgrid tɪ əˈlaʊ ˌɪˈrɑniənz tɪ əbˈteɪn ˈvizəz θru ðə swɪs ˈɛmbəsi ɪn ˌteɪˈrɑn, wɪʧ həz lʊkt ˈæftər ˈsɔdi ˈɪntərɪsts sɪns taɪz wər ˈsɛvərd ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri. riɑd ˈɔlsoʊ əˈgrid tɪ əˈlaʊ səm ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈkɛriərz tɪ flaɪ ˈpɪlgrəmz tɪ ðə ˈkɪŋdəm dɪˈspaɪt ə bæn ˌɪmˈpoʊzd ɔn ˌɪˈrɑniən ˈɛˌrlaɪnz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk roʊ bɪtˈwin ðə tu ˈkəntriz, ðə ˈmɪnɪstri sɛd. læst tɔks wər ðə ˈsɛkənd əˈtɛmpt baɪ ðə tu ˈkəntriz tɪ riʧ ə dil ɔn ðɪs ˈpɪlgrəmɪʤ fər ˌɪˈrɑniənz ˈæftər ən ˌənsəkˈsɛsfəl fərst raʊnd hɛld ɪn ˈeɪprəl ɪn ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə. ðə ˈsɔdi ˈmɪnɪstri sɛd æt ðə taɪm ðət ðə ˌɪˈrɑniən hæʤ ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən wʊd bi hɛld riˈspɑnsəbəl frənt əv gɑd ənd ðə ˈpipəl fər ðə ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti əv ɪts ˈpɪlgrəmz tɪ pərˈfɔrm hæʤ ðɪs year.”*.” əˈnəðər kənˈtɛnʃəs ˈɪʃu həz bɪn sɪˈkjʊrəti, ˈæftər ə stæmˈpid æt læst hæʤ kɪld əˈbaʊt ˈfɔrən ˈpɪlgrəmz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ 464 ˌɪˈrɑniənz. (afp*)
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the conference commissioners and college administrators who oversee college football's new championship format, which will begin in 2014, expect to unveil its name and logo at their meeting in pasadena, calif., next month, executive director bill hancock said.
that title, hancock said, will not include a sponsor.
"it won't be 'the championship tournament,'" hancock said, using the rose bowl title sponsor as an example. "the final four doesn't have one. the masters doesn't. the super bowl. that's the kind of event we have."
the group has narrowed the candidates for the name to a "small number," hancock said. it will be simple, straightforward and, as he described it, "not cutesy."
simple and straightforward is easy to describe. however, it is difficult to convey the significance and tradition of the sport into a couple of words.
"it's like writing short," said hancock, a former newspaperman who has enjoyed a long career in collegiate sports administration. "i can write a good long column in 10 minutes. a good short column takes three hours."
the decision not to add a sponsor's name will not affect the bowls that host the semifinal games, hancock added.
"the semifinals will have something to the effect of 'the football tournament semifinal at the discover orange bowl,'" he said.
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ðə ˈkɑnfərəns kəˈmɪʃənərz ənd ˈkɑlɪʤ ædˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtərz hu ˈoʊvərˌsi ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈfʊtˌbɔlz nu ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ˈfɔrˌmæt, wɪʧ wɪl bɪˈgɪn ɪn 2014 ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ ənˈveɪl ɪts neɪm ənd ˈloʊgoʊ æt ðɛr ˈmitɪŋ ɪn ˌpæsəˈdinər, ˈkælɪf., nɛkst mənθ, ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv dɪˈrɛktər bɪl ˈhænˌkɑk sɛd. ðət ˈtaɪtəl, ˈhænˌkɑk sɛd, wɪl nɑt ˌɪnˈklud ə ˈspɑnsər. "ɪt woʊnt bi 'ðə ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp ˈtʊrnəmənt,'" ˈhænˌkɑk sɛd, ˈjuzɪŋ ðə roʊz boʊl ˈtaɪtəl ˈspɑnsər ɛz ən ɪgˈzæmpəl. "ðə ˈfaɪnəl fɔr ˈdəzənt hæv wən. ðə ˈmæstərz ˈdəzənt. ðə ˈsupər boʊl. ðæts ðə kaɪnd əv ɪˈvɛnt wi hæv." ðə grup həz ˈnɛroʊd ðə ˈkænədɪts fər ðə neɪm tɪ ə "smɔl ˈnəmbər," ˈhænˌkɑk sɛd. ɪt wɪl bi ˈsɪmpəl, ˈstreɪtˈfɔrwərd ənd, ɛz hi dɪˈskraɪbd ɪt, "nɑt ˈkjutsi." ˈsɪmpəl ənd ˈstreɪtˈfɔrwərd ɪz ˈizi tɪ dɪˈskraɪb. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ kənˈveɪ ðə sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns ənd trəˈdɪʃən əv ðə spɔrt ˈɪntu ə ˈkəpəl əv wərdz. "ɪts laɪk ˈraɪtɪŋ ʃɔrt," sɛd ˈhænˌkɑk, ə ˈfɔrmər ˈnuzˌpeɪpərˌmæn hu həz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ə lɔŋ kərɪr ɪn kəˈliʤɪt spɔrts ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən. "aɪ kən raɪt ə gʊd lɔŋ ˈkɑləm ɪn 10 ˈmɪnəts. ə gʊd ʃɔrt ˈkɑləm teɪks θri aʊərz." ðə dɪˈsɪʒən nɑt tɪ æd ə ˈspɑnsərz neɪm wɪl nɑt əˈfɛkt ðə boʊlz ðət hoʊst ðə ˌsɛmɪˈfaɪnəl geɪmz, ˈhænˌkɑk ˈædɪd. "ðə ˌsɛmɪˈfaɪnəlz wɪl hæv ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈifɛkt əv 'ðə ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˈtʊrnəmənt ˌsɛmɪˈfaɪnəl æt ðə dɪˈskəvər ˈɔrɪnʤ boʊl,'" hi sɛd.
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wwe tag team champion big e suffered an injury at the hands of luke gallows & karl anderson following their match on raw,.com can confirm.
after gallows & anderson pulled big e into the at the end of a brawl between gallows, anderson and the entirety of the new day, the tag team champion was taken to the room. he underwent several tests and medical examinations, but officials did not confirm the specifics or severity of big injury at this time.
update aug. 5, 2016:.com can now confirm that big e suffered a contusion to the affected area. it is unknown at this time when the tag team champion will return to competition.
stay with.com for more information as big condition is revealed.
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wwe* tæg tim ˈʧæmpiən bɪg i ˈsəfərd ən ˈɪnʤəri æt ðə hænz əv luk ˈgæloʊz kɑrl ˈændərsən ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðɛr mæʧ ɔn rɑ, kən kənˈfərm. ˈæftər ˈgæloʊz ˈændərsən pʊld bɪg i ˈɪntu ðə æt ðə ɛnd əv ə brɔl bɪtˈwin ˈgæloʊz, ˈændərsən ənd ðə ɪnˈtaɪərti əv ðə nu deɪ, ðə tæg tim ˈʧæmpiən wɑz ˈteɪkən tɪ ðə rum. hi ˌəndərˈwɛnt ˈsɛvərəl tɛsts ənd ˈmɛdɪkəl ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃənz, bət əˈfɪʃəlz dɪd nɑt kənˈfərm ðə spɪˈsɪfɪks ər sɪˈvɛrɪti əv bɪg ˈɪnʤəri æt ðɪs taɪm. ˈəpˌdeɪt ˈɔgəst. 5 2016 kən naʊ kənˈfərm ðət bɪg i ˈsəfərd ə kənˈtuʒən tɪ ðə əˈfɛktɪd ˈɛriə. ɪt ɪz ənˈnoʊn æt ðɪs taɪm wɪn ðə tæg tim ˈʧæmpiən wɪl rɪˈtərn tɪ ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən. steɪ wɪθ fər mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɛz bɪg kənˈdɪʃən ɪz rɪˈvild.
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the following letter is not about what "old hands" know and newcomers do not. instead, it is about lessons that we all need to learn more than once, and remind ourselves of. it is about tendencies that are common, and understandable, and come with the flush of excitement of learning any new thing that we understand is important, and about the difficulty, always, in trying to decide how best to convey that excitement and sense of importance to others, in a way that they will listen. it is written more specifically, but only because i have found that if we don't talk specifics as well as generalities, the generalities make no sense. this holds for algebraic structures, and it holds for other, vaguer concepts no less. it is a letter full of things i want to remember, as well as of advice i want to share. i expect i will want to remind myself of it when i encounter somebody who is wrong on the internet, which, i understand, may occur on rare occasion.
you’ve recently entered the world of strongly typed functional programming, and decided it is great. written a program or two or a library or two, and getting the hang of it. you hop on and hear new words and ideas every day. there are always new concepts to learn, new libraries to explore, new ways to your code, new to make instances of.
now, a social person, and you want to go forth and share all the great things learned. and you have learned enough to distinguish some true statements from some false statements, and you want to go and slay all the false statements in the world.
is this really what you want to do? do you want to help people, do you want to teach people new wonderful things? do you want to share the things that excite you? or do you want to feel better about yourself, confirm that you are programming better, confirm that you are smarter and know more, reassure yourself that your adherence to a niche language is ok by striking out against the mainstream? of course, you want to do the former. but a part of you probably secretly wants to do the latter, because in my experience that part is in all of us. it is our ego, and it drives us to great things, but it also can hold us back, make us act like jerks, and, worst of all, stand in the way of communicating with others about what we truly care about.
haskell built on great ideas, although it has those. it was built on a culture of how ideas are treated. it was not built on slaying others’ dragons, but on finding our own way; not tearing down rotten ideas (no matter how rotten) but showing by example how we need those ideas after all.
in functional programming, our proofs are not by contradiction, but by construction. if you want to teach functional programming, or preach functional programming, or just to even have productive discussions as we all build libraries and projects together, it will serve you well to learn that ethic.
you know better than the next developer, or so you think. this is because of something you have learned. so how do you help them want to learn it too? you do not tell them this is a language for smart people. you do not tell them you are smart because you use this language. you tell them that types are for fallible people, like we all are. they help us reason and catch our mistakes, because while software has grown more complex, still stuck with the same old brains. if they tell you they need types to catch errors, tell them that they must be much smarter than you, because you sure do. but even more, tell them that all the brainpower they use to not need types could turn into even greater, bigger, and more creative ideas if they let the compiler help them.
this is not a language for clever people, although there are clever things that can be done in this language. it is a language for simple things and clever things alike, and sometimes we want to be simple, and sometimes we want to be clever. but we give bonus points for being clever. sometimes, just fun, like solving a crossword puzzle or playing a tricky bach prelude, or learning a tango. we want to keep simple things simple so that tricky things are possible.
it is not a language that is “more mathematical” or “for math” or “about math”. yes, in a deep formal sense, programming is math. but when someone objects to this, this is not because they are a dumb person, a bad person, or a malicious person. they object because they have had a bad notion of math foisted on them. “math” is the thing that people wield over them to tell them they are not good enough, that they cannot learn things, that they have the mindset for it. a dirty lie. math is not calculation what computers are for. nor is math just abstract symbols. nor is math a prerequisite for haskell. if anything, haskell might be what makes somebody find math interesting at all. our equation should not be that math is hard, and so programming is hard. rather, it should be that programming can be fun, and this means that math can be fun too. some may object that programming is not only math, because it is engineering as well, and creativity, and practical tradeoffs. but, surprisingly, these are also elements of the practice of math, if not the textbooks we are given.
i have known great haskell programmers, and even great computer scientists who know only a little linear algebra maybe, or never bothered to pick up category theory. you need that stuff to be a great haskell programmer. it might be one way. the only thing you need category theory for is to take great categorical and mathematical concepts from the world and import them back to programming, and translate them along the way so that others need to make the same journey you did. and you even need to do that, if you have patience, because somebody else will come along and do it for you, eventually.
the most important thing, though not hardest, about teaching and spreading knowledge is to emphasize that this is for everyone. nobody is too young, too inexperienced, too old, too set in their ways, too excitable, insufficiently mathematical, etc. believe in everyone, attack nobody, even the trolliest.* attacking somebody builds a culture of sniping and argumentativeness. it spreads to the second trolliest, and soforth, and then eventually to an innocent bystander who just says the wrong thing to spark bad memories of the last big argument.
the hardest thing, and the second most important, is to put aside your pride. if you want to teach people, you have to empathize with how they think, and also with how they feel. if your primary goal is to spread knowledge, then you must be relentlessly of anything you do or say that gets in the way of that. and you get to judge that others do. and you must just believe them. i told you this was hard. so if somebody finds you offputting, your fault. if you say something and somebody is hurt or takes offense, it is not their fault for being upset, or feeling bad. this is not about what is hurtful in a cosmic sense; it is about the fact that you have failed, concretely, to communicate as you desired. so accept the criticism, apologize for giving offense (not just for having upset someone but also for what you did to hurt them), and attempt to learn why they feel how they feel, for next time.
note that if you have made somebody feel crummy, they may not be in a mood to explain why or how, because their opinion of you has already plummeted. so declare that they must or should explain themselves to you, although you may politely ask. remember that knowledge does not stand above human behavior. often, you don't need to know exactly why a person feels the way they do, only that they do, so you can respect that. if you find yourself demanding explanations, ask yourself, if you knew this thing, would that change your behavior? how? if not, then learn to let it go.
remember also that they were put off by your actions, not by your existence. it is easy to miss this distinction and react defensively. "fight-or-flight" stands in the way of clear thinking and your ability to empathize; try taking a breath and maybe a walk until the adrenaline isn't derailing your true intentions.
will this leave you satisfied? that depends. if your goal is to understand everything and have everybody agree with regards to everything that is in some sense objectively true, it will not. if your goal is to have the widest, nicest, most diverse, and most fun haskell community possible, and to interact in an atmosphere of mutual respect and consideration, then it is the only thing that will leave you satisfied.
if you make even the most modest (to your mind) mistake, be it in social interaction or technical detail, be quick to apologize and retract, and do so freely. what is there to lose? only your pride. who keeps track? only you. what is there to gain? integrity, and ultimately that integrity will feel far more fulfilling than the cheap passing thrills of cutting somebody else down or deflecting their concerns.
sometimes it may be, for whatever reason, that somebody want to talk to you, because at some point your conversation turned into an argument. maybe they did it, maybe you did it, maybe you did it together. it matter, learn to walk away. learn from the experience how to communicate better, how to avoid that pattern, how to always be the more positive, more friendly, more forward-looking. take satisfaction in the effort in that. talk about them behind their back, because that will only fuel your own bad impulses. instead, think about how you can change.
your need your help. you may feel you need to prove yourself, but you don't. other people, in general, have better things to do with their time than judge you, even when you may sometimes feel otherwise. you know talented, that you have learned things, and built things, and that this will be recognized in time. nobody else wants to hear it from you, and the more they hear it, the less they will believe it, and the more it will distract from what you really want, which is not to feed your ego, not to be great, but to accomplish something great, or even just to find others to share something great with. in fact, if anyone's should be cared for, it is that of the people you are talking to. the more confident they are in their capacity and their worth, the more willing they will be to learn new things, and to acknowledge that their knowledge, like all of ours, is limited and partial. you must believe in yourself to be willing to learn new things, and if you want to cultivate more learners, you must cultivate that in others.
knowledge is not imposing. knowledge is fun. anyone, given time and inclination, can acquire it. only lecture, but continue to learn, because there is always much more than you know. (and if there, wow, that would be depressing, because what would there be to learn next?) learn to value all opinions, because they all come from experiences, and all those experiences have something to teach us. dynamic typing advocates have brought us great leaps in techniques. if interested in certain numerical optimizations, you need to turn to work pioneered in c++ or fortran. like you, i would rather write in haskell. but it is not just the tools that matter but the ideas, and you will find they come from everywhere.
in fact, we have so much to learn that we direct our learning by setting up barriers declaring certain tools, fields, languages, or communities not worth our time. this because they have nothing to offer, but it is a crutch for us to shortcut evaluating too many options all at once. it is fine, and in fact necessary, to narrow the scope of your knowledge to increase its depth. but be glad that others are charting other paths! who knows what they will bring back from those explorations.
if somebody is chatting about programming on the internet, already ahead of the pack, already interested in craft and knowledge. you may not share their opinions, but you have things to learn from one another, always. maybe the time and place right to share ideas and go over disputes. ok. there will be another time and place, or maybe there be. there is a big internet full of people, and you need to be friend or mentor. you should just avoid being enemy, because your time and theirs is too precious to waste it on hard feelings instead of learning new cool stuff.
this advice is not a one-time proposition. every time we learn something new and want to share it, we face these issues all over again -- the desire to proclaim, to overturn received wisdom all at once -- and the worse the received wisdom, the more vehemently we want to strike out. but if we are generous listeners and attentive teachers, we not only teach better and spread more knowledge, but also learn more, and enjoy ourselves more in the process. to paraphrase “letter to a young poet”: knowledge is good if it has sprung from necessity. in this nature of its origin lies the judgement of it: there is no other.
thanks to the various folks in and around the haskell world who have helped me refine this article. i don't name you only because i don't want to imply your endorsement, or give what is still, at base, a very personal take, any particular sort of imprimatur of a broader group of people, all of whom i suspect will disagree among themselves and with me about various specifics.
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ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈlɛtər ɪz nɑt əˈbaʊt wət "oʊld hænz" noʊ ənd ˈnuˌkəmərz du nɑt. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ɪt ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈlɛsənz ðət wi ɔl nid tɪ lərn mɔr ðən wəns, ənd riˈmaɪnd ɑrˈsɛlvz əv. ɪt ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈtɛndənsiz ðət ər ˈkɑmən, ənd ˌəndərˈstændəbəl, ənd kəm wɪθ ðə fləʃ əv ɪkˈsaɪtmənt əv ˈlərnɪŋ ˈɛni nu θɪŋ ðət wi ˌəndərˈstænd ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, ənd əˈbaʊt ðə ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti, ˈɔlˌweɪz, ɪn traɪɪŋ tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd haʊ bɛst tɪ kənˈveɪ ðət ɪkˈsaɪtmənt ənd sɛns əv ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns tɪ ˈəðərz, ɪn ə weɪ ðət ðeɪ wɪl ˈlɪsən. ɪt ɪz ˈrɪtən mɔr spəˈsɪfɪkli, bət ˈoʊnli bɪˈkəz aɪ hæv faʊnd ðət ɪf wi doʊnt tɔk spɪˈsɪfɪks ɛz wɛl ɛz ˌʤɛnərˈælətiz, ðə ˌʤɛnərˈælətiz meɪk noʊ sɛns. ðɪs hoʊldz fər ˌælʤəˈbreɪɪk ˈstrəkʧərz, ənd ɪt hoʊldz fər ˈəðər, ˈveɪgər ˈkɑnsɛpts noʊ lɛs. ɪt ɪz ə ˈlɛtər fʊl əv θɪŋz aɪ wɔnt tɪ rɪˈmɛmbər, ɛz wɛl ɛz əv ədˈvaɪs aɪ wɔnt tɪ ʃɛr. aɪ ɪkˈspɛkt aɪ wɪl wɔnt tɪ riˈmaɪnd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf əv ɪt wɪn aɪ ɪnˈkaʊnər ˈsəmˌbɑdi hu ɪz rɔŋ ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, wɪʧ, aɪ ˌəndərˈstænd, meɪ əˈkər ɔn rɛr əˈkeɪʒən. ˈrisəntli ˈɛnərd ðə wərld əv ˈstrɔŋli taɪpt ˈfəŋkʃənəl ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ, ənd ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ɪt ɪz greɪt. ˈrɪtən ə ˈproʊˌgræm ər tu ər ə ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ər tu, ənd ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə hæŋ əv ɪt. ju hɑp ɔn ənd hir nu wərdz ənd aɪˈdiəz ˈɛvəri deɪ. ðɛr ər ˈɔlˌweɪz nu ˈkɑnsɛpts tɪ lərn, nu ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz tɪ ɪkˈsplɔr, nu weɪz tɪ jʊr koʊd, nu tɪ meɪk ˈɪnstənsɪz əv. naʊ, ə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈpərsən, ənd ju wɔnt tɪ goʊ fɔrθ ənd ʃɛr ɔl ðə greɪt θɪŋz ˈlərnɪd. ənd ju hæv ˈlərnɪd ɪˈnəf tɪ dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ səm tru ˈsteɪtmənts frəm səm fɔls ˈsteɪtmənts, ənd ju wɔnt tɪ goʊ ənd sleɪ ɔl ðə fɔls ˈsteɪtmənts ɪn ðə wərld. ɪz ðɪs ˈrɪli wət ju wɔnt tɪ du? du ju wɔnt tɪ hɛlp ˈpipəl, du ju wɔnt tɪ tiʧ ˈpipəl nu ˈwəndərfəl θɪŋz? du ju wɔnt tɪ ʃɛr ðə θɪŋz ðət ɪkˈsaɪt ju? ər du ju wɔnt tɪ fil ˈbɛtər əˈbaʊt ˈjɔrsɛlf, kənˈfərm ðət ju ər ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ˈbɛtər, kənˈfərm ðət ju ər sˈmɑrtər ənd noʊ mɔr, ˌriəˈʃʊr ˈjɔrsɛlf ðət jʊr əˈdhɪrəns tɪ ə nɪʧ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ɪz ˈoʊˈkeɪ baɪ ˈstraɪkɪŋ aʊt əˈgɛnst ðə ˈmeɪnˌstrim? əv kɔrs, ju wɔnt tɪ du ðə ˈfɔrmər. bət ə pɑrt əv ju ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈsikrɪtli wɔnts tɪ du ðə ˈlætər, bɪˈkəz ɪn maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns ðət pɑrt ɪz ɪn ɔl əv ˈjuˈɛs. ɪt ɪz ɑr ˈigoʊ, ənd ɪt draɪvz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ greɪt θɪŋz, bət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ kən hoʊld ˈjuˈɛs bæk, meɪk ˈjuˈɛs ækt laɪk ʤərks, ənd, wərst əv ɔl, stænd ɪn ðə weɪ əv kəmˈjunəˌkeɪtɪŋ wɪθ ˈəðərz əˈbaʊt wət wi ˈtruli kɛr əˈbaʊt. ˈhæskəl bɪlt ɔn greɪt aɪˈdiəz, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt həz ðoʊz. ɪt wɑz bɪlt ɔn ə ˈkəlʧər əv haʊ aɪˈdiəz ər ˈtritɪd. ɪt wɑz nɑt bɪlt ɔn sleɪɪŋ others’*’ ˈdrægənz, bət ɔn ˈfaɪndɪŋ ɑr oʊn weɪ; nɑt ˈtɪrɪŋ daʊn ˈrɑtən aɪˈdiəz (noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈrɑtən) bət ʃoʊɪŋ baɪ ɪgˈzæmpəl haʊ wi nid ðoʊz aɪˈdiəz ˈæftər ɔl. ɪn ˈfəŋkʃənəl ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ, ɑr prufs ər nɑt baɪ ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkʃən, bət baɪ kənˈstrəkʃən. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ tiʧ ˈfəŋkʃənəl ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ, ər priʧ ˈfəŋkʃənəl ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ, ər ʤɪst tɪ ˈivɪn hæv pərˈdəktɪv dɪˈskəʃənz ɛz wi ɔl bɪld ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz ənd ˈprɑʤɛkts təˈgɛðər, ɪt wɪl sərv ju wɛl tɪ lərn ðət ˈɛθɪk. ju noʊ ˈbɛtər ðən ðə nɛkst dɪˈvɛləpər, ər soʊ ju θɪŋk. ðɪs ɪz bɪˈkəz əv ˈsəmθɪŋ ju hæv ˈlərnɪd. soʊ haʊ du ju hɛlp ðɛm wɔnt tɪ lərn ɪt tu? ju du nɑt tɛl ðɛm ðɪs ɪz ə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ fər smɑrt ˈpipəl. ju du nɑt tɛl ðɛm ju ər smɑrt bɪˈkəz ju juz ðɪs ˈlæŋgwɪʤ. ju tɛl ðɛm ðət taɪps ər fər ˈfæləbəl ˈpipəl, laɪk wi ɔl ər. ðeɪ hɛlp ˈjuˈɛs ˈrizən ənd kæʧ ɑr mɪˈsteɪks, bɪˈkəz waɪl ˈsɔfˌwɛr həz groʊn mɔr ˈkɑmplɛks, stɪl stək wɪθ ðə seɪm oʊld breɪnz. ɪf ðeɪ tɛl ju ðeɪ nid taɪps tɪ kæʧ ˈɛrərz, tɛl ðɛm ðət ðeɪ məst bi məʧ sˈmɑrtər ðən ju, bɪˈkəz ju ʃʊr du. bət ˈivɪn mɔr, tɛl ðɛm ðət ɔl ðə ˈbreɪnˌpaʊər ðeɪ juz tɪ nɑt nid taɪps kʊd tərn ˈɪntu ˈivɪn ˈgreɪtər, ˈbɪgər, ənd mɔr kriˈeɪtɪv aɪˈdiəz ɪf ðeɪ lɛt ðə kəmˈpaɪlər hɛlp ðɛm. ðɪs ɪz nɑt ə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ fər ˈklɛvər ˈpipəl, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðɛr ər ˈklɛvər θɪŋz ðət kən bi dən ɪn ðɪs ˈlæŋgwɪʤ. ɪt ɪz ə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ fər ˈsɪmpəl θɪŋz ənd ˈklɛvər θɪŋz əˈlaɪk, ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz wi wɔnt tɪ bi ˈsɪmpəl, ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz wi wɔnt tɪ bi ˈklɛvər. bət wi gɪv ˈboʊnəs pɔɪnts fər biɪŋ ˈklɛvər. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz, ʤɪst fən, laɪk ˈsɑlvɪŋ ə ˈkrɔsˌwərd ˈpəzəl ər pleɪɪŋ ə ˈtrɪki bɑk ˈpreɪˌlud, ər ˈlərnɪŋ ə ˈtæŋgoʊ. wi wɔnt tɪ kip ˈsɪmpəl θɪŋz ˈsɪmpəl soʊ ðət ˈtrɪki θɪŋz ər ˈpɑsəbəl. ɪt ɪz nɑt ə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ðət ɪz mathematical”*” ər math”*” ər math”*”. jɛs, ɪn ə dip ˈfɔrməl sɛns, ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ɪz mæθ. bət wɪn ˈsəmˌwən ˈɑbʤɛkts tɪ ðɪs, ðɪs ɪz nɑt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ ər ə dəm ˈpərsən, ə bæd ˈpərsən, ər ə məˈlɪʃəs ˈpərsən. ðeɪ ˈɑbʤɛkt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ hæv hæd ə bæd ˈnoʊʃən əv mæθ ˈfɔɪstɪd ɔn ðɛm. ““math”*” ɪz ðə θɪŋ ðət ˈpipəl wild ˈoʊvər ðɛm tɪ tɛl ðɛm ðeɪ ər nɑt gʊd ɪˈnəf, ðət ðeɪ ˈkænɑt lərn θɪŋz, ðət ðeɪ hæv ðə ˈmaɪndˌsɛt fər ɪt. ə ˈdərti laɪ. mæθ ɪz nɑt ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən wət kəmˈpjutərz ər fər. nɔr ɪz mæθ ʤɪst ˈæbˌstrækt ˈsɪmbəlz. nɔr ɪz mæθ ə priˈrɛkwəzət fər ˈhæskəl. ɪf ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, ˈhæskəl maɪt bi wət meɪks ˈsəmˌbɑdi faɪnd mæθ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ æt ɔl. ɑr ɪkˈweɪʒən ʃʊd nɑt bi ðət mæθ ɪz hɑrd, ənd soʊ ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ɪz hɑrd. ˈrəðər, ɪt ʃʊd bi ðət ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ kən bi fən, ənd ðɪs minz ðət mæθ kən bi fən tu. səm meɪ ˈɑbʤɛkt ðət ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli mæθ, bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ɛz wɛl, ənd ˌkrieɪˈtɪvəti, ənd ˈpræktɪkəl ˈtreɪˌdɔfs. bət, səˈpraɪzɪŋli, ðiz ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛləmənts əv ðə ˈpræktɪs əv mæθ, ɪf nɑt ðə ˈtɛkstˌbʊks wi ər ˈgɪvɪn. aɪ hæv noʊn greɪt ˈhæskəl ˈproʊˌgræmərz, ənd ˈivɪn greɪt kəmˈpjutər ˈsaɪəntɪsts hu noʊ ˈoʊnli ə ˈlɪtəl ˈlɪniər ˈælʤəbrə ˈmeɪbi, ər ˈnɛvər ˈbɑðərd tɪ pɪk əp ˈkætəˌgɔri ˈθɪri. ju nid ðət stəf tɪ bi ə greɪt ˈhæskəl ˈproʊˌgræmər. ɪt maɪt bi wən weɪ. ðə ˈoʊnli θɪŋ ju nid ˈkætəˌgɔri ˈθɪri fər ɪz tɪ teɪk greɪt ˌkætəˈgɔrɪkəl ənd ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl ˈkɑnsɛpts frəm ðə wərld ənd ˌɪmˈpɔrt ðɛm bæk tɪ ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ, ənd trænzˈleɪt ðɛm əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ soʊ ðət ˈəðərz nid tɪ meɪk ðə seɪm ˈʤərni ju dɪd. ənd ju ˈivɪn nid tɪ du ðət, ɪf ju hæv ˈpeɪʃəns, bɪˈkəz ˈsəmˌbɑdi ɛls wɪl kəm əˈlɔŋ ənd du ɪt fər ju, ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli. ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt θɪŋ, ðoʊ nɑt ˈhɑrdəst, əˈbaʊt ˈtiʧɪŋ ənd ˈsprɛdɪŋ ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪz tɪ ˈɛmfəˌsaɪz ðət ðɪs ɪz fər ˈɛvriˌwən. ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi ɪz tu jəŋ, tu ˌɪnɛkˈspɪriənst, tu oʊld, tu sɛt ɪn ðɛr weɪz, tu ɪkˈsaɪtəbəl, ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃəntli ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. bɪˈliv ɪn ˈɛvriˌwən, əˈtæk ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi, ˈivɪn ðə əˈtækɪŋ ˈsəmˌbɑdi bɪldz ə ˈkəlʧər əv sˈnaɪpɪŋ ənd argumentativeness*. ɪt sprɛdz tɪ ðə ˈsɛkənd trolliest*, ənd soforth*, ənd ðɛn ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli tɪ ən ˈɪnəsənt ˈbaɪˌstændər hu ʤɪst sɪz ðə rɔŋ θɪŋ tɪ spɑrk bæd ˈmɛməriz əv ðə læst bɪg ˈɑrgjəmənt. ðə ˈhɑrdəst θɪŋ, ənd ðə ˈsɛkənd moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, ɪz tɪ pʊt əˈsaɪd jʊr praɪd. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ tiʧ ˈpipəl, ju hæv tɪ ˈɛmpəˌθaɪz wɪθ haʊ ðeɪ θɪŋk, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ wɪθ haʊ ðeɪ fil. ɪf jʊr ˈpraɪˌmɛri goʊl ɪz tɪ sprɛd ˈnɑlɪʤ, ðɛn ju məst bi rɪˈlɛntləsli əv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ju du ər seɪ ðət gɪts ɪn ðə weɪ əv ðət. ənd ju gɪt tɪ ʤəʤ ðət ˈəðərz du. ənd ju məst ʤɪst bɪˈliv ðɛm. aɪ toʊld ju ðɪs wɑz hɑrd. soʊ ɪf ˈsəmˌbɑdi faɪndz ju offputting*, jʊr fɔlt. ɪf ju seɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ənd ˈsəmˌbɑdi ɪz hərt ər teɪks əˈfɛns, ɪt ɪz nɑt ðɛr fɔlt fər biɪŋ ˈəpˌsɛt, ər ˈfilɪŋ bæd. ðɪs ɪz nɑt əˈbaʊt wət ɪz ˈhərtfəl ɪn ə ˈkɑzmɪk sɛns; ɪt ɪz əˈbaʊt ðə fækt ðət ju hæv feɪld, ˈkɑnˌkritli, tɪ kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt ɛz ju dɪˈzaɪərd. soʊ əkˈsɛpt ðə ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm, əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz fər ˈgɪvɪŋ əˈfɛns (nɑt ʤɪst fər ˈhævɪŋ ˈəpˌsɛt ˈsəmˌwən bət ˈɔlsoʊ fər wət ju dɪd tɪ hərt ðɛm), ənd əˈtɛmpt tɪ lərn waɪ ðeɪ fil haʊ ðeɪ fil, fər nɛkst taɪm. noʊt ðət ɪf ju hæv meɪd ˈsəmˌbɑdi fil ˈkrəmi, ðeɪ meɪ nɑt bi ɪn ə mud tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn waɪ ər haʊ, bɪˈkəz ðɛr əˈpɪnjən əv ju həz ɔˈrɛdi ˈpləmətɪd. soʊ dɪˈklɛr ðət ðeɪ məst ər ʃʊd ɪkˈspleɪn ðɛmˈsɛlvz tɪ ju, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ju meɪ pəˈlaɪtli æsk. rɪˈmɛmbər ðət ˈnɑlɪʤ dɪz nɑt stænd əˈbəv ˈjumən bɪˈheɪvjər. ˈɔfən, ju doʊnt nid tɪ noʊ ɪgˈzæktli waɪ ə ˈpərsən filz ðə weɪ ðeɪ du, ˈoʊnli ðət ðeɪ du, soʊ ju kən rɪˈspɛkt ðət. ɪf ju faɪnd ˈjɔrsɛlf dɪˈmændɪŋ ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃənz, æsk ˈjɔrsɛlf, ɪf ju nu ðɪs θɪŋ, wʊd ðət ʧeɪnʤ jʊr bɪˈheɪvjər? haʊ? ɪf nɑt, ðɛn lərn tɪ lɛt ɪt goʊ. rɪˈmɛmbər ˈɔlsoʊ ðət ðeɪ wər pʊt ɔf baɪ jʊr ˈækʃənz, nɑt baɪ jʊr ɪgˈzɪstəns. ɪt ɪz ˈizi tɪ mɪs ðɪs dɪˈstɪŋkʃən ənd riækt dɪˈfɛnsɪvli. "fight-or-flight*" stændz ɪn ðə weɪ əv klɪr ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ənd jʊr əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈɛmpəˌθaɪz; traɪ ˈteɪkɪŋ ə brɛθ ənd ˈmeɪbi ə wɔk ənˈtɪl ðə əˈdrɛnələn ˈɪzənt dɪˈreɪlɪŋ jʊr tru ˌɪnˈtɛnʧənz. wɪl ðɪs liv ju ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd? ðət dɪˈpɛndz. ɪf jʊr goʊl ɪz tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ənd hæv ˈɛvriˌbɑdi əˈgri wɪθ rɪˈgɑrdz tɪ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət ɪz ɪn səm sɛns ɑˈbʤɛktɪvli tru, ɪt wɪl nɑt. ɪf jʊr goʊl ɪz tɪ hæv ðə ˈwaɪdəst, ˈnaɪsɪst, moʊst dɪˈvərs, ənd moʊst fən ˈhæskəl kəmˈjunɪti ˈpɑsəbəl, ənd tɪ ˌɪnərˈækt ɪn ən ˈætməsˌfɪr əv mˈjuʧuəl rɪˈspɛkt ənd kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən, ðɛn ɪt ɪz ðə ˈoʊnli θɪŋ ðət wɪl liv ju ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd. ɪf ju meɪk ˈivɪn ðə moʊst ˈmɑdəst (tɪ jʊr maɪnd) mɪˈsteɪk, bi ɪt ɪn ˈsoʊʃəl ˌɪnərˈækʃən ər ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈditeɪl, bi kwɪk tɪ əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz ənd riˈtrækt, ənd du soʊ ˈfrili. wət ɪz ðɛr tɪ luz? ˈoʊnli jʊr praɪd. hu kips træk? ˈoʊnli ju. wət ɪz ðɛr tɪ geɪn? ˌɪnˈtɛgrəti, ənd ˈəltəmətli ðət ˌɪnˈtɛgrəti wɪl fil fɑr mɔr fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ ðən ðə ʧip ˈpæsɪŋ θrɪlz əv ˈkətɪŋ ˈsəmˌbɑdi ɛls daʊn ər dɪˈflɛktɪŋ ðɛr kənˈsərnz. ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ɪt meɪ bi, fər ˌwəˈtɛvər ˈrizən, ðət ˈsəmˌbɑdi wɔnt tɪ tɔk tɪ ju, bɪˈkəz æt səm pɔɪnt jʊr ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən tərnd ˈɪntu ən ˈɑrgjəmənt. ˈmeɪbi ðeɪ dɪd ɪt, ˈmeɪbi ju dɪd ɪt, ˈmeɪbi ju dɪd ɪt təˈgɛðər. ɪt ˈmætər, lərn tɪ wɔk əˈweɪ. lərn frəm ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns haʊ tɪ kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt ˈbɛtər, haʊ tɪ əˈvɔɪd ðət ˈpætərn, haʊ tɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ðə mɔr ˈpɑzətɪv, mɔr ˈfrɛndli, mɔr forward-looking*. teɪk ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən ɪn ðə ˈɛfərt ɪn ðət. tɔk əˈbaʊt ðɛm bɪˈhaɪnd ðɛr bæk, bɪˈkəz ðət wɪl ˈoʊnli fjuəl jʊr oʊn bæd ˌɪmˈpəlsɪz. ˌɪnˈstɛd, θɪŋk əˈbaʊt haʊ ju kən ʧeɪnʤ. jʊr nid jʊr hɛlp. ju meɪ fil ju nid tɪ pruv ˈjɔrsɛlf, bət ju doʊnt. ˈəðər ˈpipəl, ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl, hæv ˈbɛtər θɪŋz tɪ du wɪθ ðɛr taɪm ðən ʤəʤ ju, ˈivɪn wɪn ju meɪ ˈsəmˌtaɪmz fil ˈəðərˌwaɪz. ju noʊ ˈtæləntɪd, ðət ju hæv ˈlərnɪd θɪŋz, ənd bɪlt θɪŋz, ənd ðət ðɪs wɪl bi ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd ɪn taɪm. ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi ɛls wɔnts tɪ hir ɪt frəm ju, ənd ðə mɔr ðeɪ hir ɪt, ðə lɛs ðeɪ wɪl bɪˈliv ɪt, ənd ðə mɔr ɪt wɪl dɪˈstrækt frəm wət ju ˈrɪli wɔnt, wɪʧ ɪz nɑt tɪ fid jʊr ˈigoʊ, nɑt tɪ bi greɪt, bət tɪ əˈkɑmplɪʃ ˈsəmθɪŋ greɪt, ər ˈivɪn ʤɪst tɪ faɪnd ˈəðərz tɪ ʃɛr ˈsəmθɪŋ greɪt wɪθ. ɪn fækt, ɪf ˈɛniˌwənz ʃʊd bi kɛrd fər, ɪt ɪz ðət əv ðə ˈpipəl ju ər ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ. ðə mɔr ˈkɑnfədənt ðeɪ ər ɪn ðɛr kəˈpæsɪti ənd ðɛr wərθ, ðə mɔr ˈwɪlɪŋ ðeɪ wɪl bi tɪ lərn nu θɪŋz, ənd tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðət ðɛr ˈnɑlɪʤ, laɪk ɔl əv ɑrz, ɪz ˈlɪmɪtɪd ənd ˈpɑrʃəl. ju məst bɪˈliv ɪn ˈjɔrsɛlf tɪ bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ lərn nu θɪŋz, ənd ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ ˈkəltəˌveɪt mɔr ˈlərnərz, ju məst ˈkəltəˌveɪt ðət ɪn ˈəðərz. ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪz nɑt ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ. ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪz fən. ˈɛniˌwən, ˈgɪvɪn taɪm ənd ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃən, kən əkˈwaɪər ɪt. ˈoʊnli ˈlɛkʧər, bət kənˈtɪnju tɪ lərn, bɪˈkəz ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz məʧ mɔr ðən ju noʊ. (ənd ɪf ðɛr, waʊ, ðət wʊd bi dɪˈprɛsɪŋ, bɪˈkəz wət wʊd ðɛr bi tɪ lərn nɛkst?) lərn tɪ ˈvælju ɔl əˈpɪnjənz, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ ɔl kəm frəm ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz, ənd ɔl ðoʊz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz hæv ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ tiʧ ˈjuˈɛs. daɪˈnæmɪk ˈtaɪpɪŋ ˈædvəˌkeɪts hæv brɔt ˈjuˈɛs greɪt lips ɪn tɛkˈniks. ɪf ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˈsərtən nuˈmɛrɪkəl optimizations*, ju nid tɪ tərn tɪ wərk ˌpaɪəˈnɪrd ɪn si++ ər fortran*. laɪk ju, aɪ wʊd ˈrəðər raɪt ɪn ˈhæskəl. bət ɪt ɪz nɑt ʤɪst ðə tulz ðət ˈmætər bət ðə aɪˈdiəz, ənd ju wɪl faɪnd ðeɪ kəm frəm ˈɛvriˌwɛr. ɪn fækt, wi hæv soʊ məʧ tɪ lərn ðət wi dɪˈrɛkt ɑr ˈlərnɪŋ baɪ ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ˈbɛriərz dɪˈklɛrɪŋ ˈsərtən tulz, fildz, ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz, ər kəmˈjunɪtiz nɑt wərθ ɑr taɪm. ðɪs bɪˈkəz ðeɪ hæv ˈnəθɪŋ tɪ ˈɔfər, bət ɪt ɪz ə krəʧ fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ˈʃɔrtˌkət ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ tu ˈmɛni ˈɔpʃənz ɔl æt wəns. ɪt ɪz faɪn, ənd ɪn fækt ˈnɛsəˌsɛri, tɪ ˈnɛroʊ ðə skoʊp əv jʊr ˈnɑlɪʤ tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ɪts dɛpθ. bət bi glæd ðət ˈəðərz ər ˈʧɑrtɪŋ ˈəðər pæθs! hu noʊz wət ðeɪ wɪl brɪŋ bæk frəm ðoʊz ˌɛksplərˈeɪʃənz. ɪf ˈsəmˌbɑdi ɪz ˈʧætɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, ɔˈrɛdi əˈhɛd əv ðə pæk, ɔˈrɛdi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn kræft ənd ˈnɑlɪʤ. ju meɪ nɑt ʃɛr ðɛr əˈpɪnjənz, bət ju hæv θɪŋz tɪ lərn frəm wən əˈnəðər, ˈɔlˌweɪz. ˈmeɪbi ðə taɪm ənd pleɪs raɪt tɪ ʃɛr aɪˈdiəz ənd goʊ ˈoʊvər dɪˈspjuts. ˈoʊˈkeɪ. ðɛr wɪl bi əˈnəðər taɪm ənd pleɪs, ər ˈmeɪbi ðɛr bi. ðɛr ɪz ə bɪg ˈɪntərˌnɛt fʊl əv ˈpipəl, ənd ju nid tɪ bi frɛnd ər ˈmɛnˌtɔr. ju ʃʊd ʤɪst əˈvɔɪd biɪŋ ˈɛnəmi, bɪˈkəz jʊr taɪm ənd ðɛrz ɪz tu ˈprɛʃəs tɪ weɪst ɪt ɔn hɑrd ˈfilɪŋz ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈlərnɪŋ nu kul stəf. ðɪs ədˈvaɪs ɪz nɑt ə ˈwəˌtaɪm ˌprɑpəˈzɪʃən. ˈɛvəri taɪm wi lərn ˈsəmθɪŋ nu ənd wɔnt tɪ ʃɛr ɪt, wi feɪs ðiz ˈɪʃuz ɔl ˈoʊvər əˈgɛn ðə dɪˈzaɪər tɪ proʊˈkleɪm, tɪ ˈoʊvərˌtərn rɪˈsivd ˈwɪzdəm ɔl æt wəns ənd ðə wərs ðə rɪˈsivd ˈwɪzdəm, ðə mɔr ˈviəməntli wi wɔnt tɪ straɪk aʊt. bət ɪf wi ər ˈʤɛnərəs ˈlɪsənərz ənd əˈtɛntɪv ˈtiʧərz, wi nɑt ˈoʊnli tiʧ ˈbɛtər ənd sprɛd mɔr ˈnɑlɪʤ, bət ˈɔlsoʊ lərn mɔr, ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ɑrˈsɛlvz mɔr ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs. tɪ ˈpɛrəˌfreɪz tɪ ə jəŋ poet”*”: ˈnɑlɪʤ ɪz gʊd ɪf ɪt həz sprəŋ frəm nəˈsɛsɪti. ɪn ðɪs ˈneɪʧər əv ɪts ˈɔrəʤən laɪz ðə ˈʤəʤmənt əv ɪt: ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈəðər. θæŋks tɪ ðə ˈvɛriəs foʊks ɪn ənd əraʊnd ðə ˈhæskəl wərld hu hæv hɛlpt mi rɪˈfaɪn ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl. aɪ doʊnt neɪm ju ˈoʊnli bɪˈkəz aɪ doʊnt wɔnt tɪ ˌɪmˈplaɪ jʊr ɛnˈdɔrsmənt, ər gɪv wət ɪz stɪl, æt beɪs, ə ˈvɛri ˈpərsɪnəl teɪk, ˈɛni ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr sɔrt əv ˌɪmprɪˈmɑtər əv ə ˈbrɔdər grup əv ˈpipəl, ɔl əv hum aɪ ˈsəˌspɛkt wɪl dɪsəˈgri əˈməŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz ənd wɪθ mi əˈbaʊt ˈvɛriəs spɪˈsɪfɪks.
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we've all heard the stories that say it's impossible to develop for android because of all the different possible screen sizes and resolutions. the flip side is that the way android development is done, most of the time that doesn't really matter. i'm able to string together an android application, but i'm no serious app developer, so i'm guessing the reality lies somewhere in the middle -- having a selection of screen sizes and resolutions to test on be a bad thing.
if you have a nexus 10, none of this matters. using a tool first developed in 2011, you can use your nexus 10 to simulate almost any android environment. because the screen is so high resolution and has such a high pixel density you can emulate the different sizes and right on the tablet with a few handy commands -- shell am display-size" and shell am display-density".
using those two commands while the screen is off will let the attached device emulate the chosen parameters when the screen is turned back on. you'll want to read all the documentation before you get started, but this looks like a great (and inexpensive) way to test your app layout across many different environments.
source: +adam powell
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wiv ɔl hərd ðə ˈstɔriz ðət seɪ ɪts ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ dɪˈvɛləp fər ˈænˌdrɔɪd bɪˈkəz əv ɔl ðə ˈdɪfərənt ˈpɑsəbəl skrin ˈsaɪzɪz ənd ˌrɛzəˈluʃənz. ðə flɪp saɪd ɪz ðət ðə weɪ ˈænˌdrɔɪd dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪz dən, moʊst əv ðə taɪm ðət ˈdəzənt ˈrɪli ˈmætər. əm ˈeɪbəl tɪ strɪŋ təˈgɛðər ən ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən, bət əm noʊ ˈsɪriəs æp dɪˈvɛləpər, soʊ əm ˈgɛsɪŋ ðə ˌriˈæləˌti laɪz ˈsəmˌwɛr ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ˈhævɪŋ ə səˈlɛkʃən əv skrin ˈsaɪzɪz ənd ˌrɛzəˈluʃənz tɪ tɛst ɔn bi ə bæd θɪŋ. ɪf ju hæv ə ˈnɛksəs 10 nən əv ðɪs ˈmætərz. ˈjuzɪŋ ə tul fərst dɪˈvɛləpt ɪn 2011 ju kən juz jʊr ˈnɛksəs 10 tɪ ˈsɪmjəˌleɪt ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛni ˈænˌdrɔɪd ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt. bɪˈkəz ðə skrin ɪz soʊ haɪ ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ənd həz səʧ ə haɪ ˈpɪksəl ˈdɛnsɪti ju kən ˈɛmjəˌleɪt ðə ˈdɪfərənt ˈsaɪzɪz ənd raɪt ɔn ðə ˈtæblət wɪθ ə fju ˈhændi kəˈmændz ʃɛl æm display-size*" ənd ʃɛl æm display-density*". ˈjuzɪŋ ðoʊz tu kəˈmændz waɪl ðə skrin ɪz ɔf wɪl lɛt ðə əˈtæʧt dɪˈvaɪs ˈɛmjəˌleɪt ðə ˈʧoʊzən pərˈæmətərz wɪn ðə skrin ɪz tərnd bæk ɔn. jul wɔnt tɪ rɛd ɔl ðə ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən ˌbiˈfɔr ju gɪt ˈstɑrtɪd, bət ðɪs lʊks laɪk ə greɪt (ənd ˌɪnɪkˈspɛnsɪv) weɪ tɪ tɛst jʊr æp leɪaʊt əˈkrɔs ˈmɛni ˈdɪfərənt ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts. sɔrs: +ˈædəm ˈpɑwɛl
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under development for the past six months, aston martin has taken the wraps of its new race car. the is based on the new model vantage road car and will take the reins from the outgoing vantage.
the new aston will have some big shoes to fill with the having won the 24 hour event and a handful of races this year.
in standard guise, produces 313kws, already more than the of the, but we've been unable to obtain official output figures for the. what we do know is that the has been and that exhausts and air filters have been fitted. given the was around more powerful than standard, the's output should be in the range.
more power is nice but reduced weight is even better when it comes to racing and the doesn't disappoint. a staggering has been lopped off the donor vehicle for a of 1330kgs. to achieve this, aston has almost completely stripped the interior with the exception of the molding which is now trimmed in and the console and door trims which have been replaced by lighter material.
a steel improves safety and chassis rigidity while competition racing seats combine with a harness to keep the driver securely in place. a steering wheel and lifeline zero 360 extinguisher system complete the interior appointments.
naturally, suspension has been heavily revised with the vantage set-up receiving larger diameter front and rear bars and adjustable ride height aluminium dampers. single rate, flat ground springs with separate helper springs and a modified front (for extra camber) complete the revisions. the standard lubrication system found on the vantage is carried over to keep oil surge under control during hard cornering.
braking upgrades are minimal with the larger front discs benefiting from revised cooling to keep brake fade at bay. braking performance is improved thanks to the addition of yokohama tyres which now come fitted to the's cast magnesium wheels as standard.
manual or automatic transmissions (with paddle-shifters) will be available and both gearboxes will receive the same valeo 'cerametallic' racing clutch and lightweight flywheel.
the standard vantage's active safety systems are still in place and include dynamic stability control, traction control, abs and electronic distribution (which should make even the drivers look like professionals).
the will go on sale in january next year and will come in around the mark. that might seem like a lot of coin but remember it is an aston martin and it can be driven on the road. james may might not have enjoyed the experience of driving the on public roads, but we'd be more than happy to give the a fling.
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ˈəndər dɪˈvɛləpmənt fər ðə pæst sɪks mənθs, ˈæstən ˈmɑrtɪn həz ˈteɪkən ðə ræps əv ɪts nu reɪs kɑr. ðə ɪz beɪst ɔn ðə nu ˈmɑdəl ˈvæntɪʤ roʊd kɑr ənd wɪl teɪk ðə reɪnz frəm ðə ˈaʊtˌgoʊɪŋ ˈvæntɪʤ ðə nu ˈæstən wɪl hæv səm bɪg ʃuz tɪ fɪl wɪθ ðə ˈhævɪŋ wən ðə 24 aʊər ɪˈvɛnt ənd ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv ˈreɪsɪz ðɪs jɪr. ɪn ˈstændərd gaɪz, prəˈdusɪz 313kws*, ɔˈrɛdi mɔr ðən ðə əv ðə bət wiv bɪn əˈneɪbəl tɪ əbˈteɪn əˈfɪʃəl ˈaʊtˌpʊt ˈfɪgjərz fər ðə wət wi du noʊ ɪz ðət ðə həz bɪn ənd ðət ɪgˈzɔsts ənd ɛr ˈfɪltərz hæv bɪn ˈfɪtɪd. ˈgɪvɪn ðə wɑz əraʊnd mɔr ˈpaʊərfəl ðən ˈstændərd, ðə ˈaʊtˌpʊt ʃʊd bi ɪn ðə reɪnʤ. mɔr paʊər ɪz nis bət rɪˈdust weɪt ɪz ˈivɪn ˈbɛtər wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈreɪsɪŋ ənd ðə ˈdəzənt ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt. ə ˈstægərˌɪŋ həz bɪn lɑpt ɔf ðə ˈdoʊnər ˈviɪkəl fər ə əv 1330kgs*. tɪ əˈʧiv ðɪs, ˈæstən həz ˈɔlˌmoʊst kəmˈplitli strɪpt ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər wɪθ ðə ɪkˈsɛpʃən əv ðə ˈmoʊldɪŋ wɪʧ ɪz naʊ trɪmd ɪn ənd ðə ˈkɑnsoʊl ənd dɔr trɪmz wɪʧ hæv bɪn ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ˈlaɪtər məˈtɪriəl. ə stil ˌɪmˈpruvz ˈseɪfti ənd ˈʧæsi rɪˈʤɪdəti waɪl ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ˈreɪsɪŋ sits ˈkɑmbaɪn wɪθ ə ˈhɑrnɪs tɪ kip ðə ˈdraɪvər sɪˈkjʊrli ɪn pleɪs. ə ˈstɪrɪŋ wil ənd ˈlaɪˌflaɪn ˈziroʊ 360 ɪkˈstɪŋgwɪʃər ˈsɪstəm kəmˈplit ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər əˈpɔɪntmənts. ˈnæʧərəli, səˈspɛnʃən həz bɪn ˈhɛvəli rɪˈvaɪzd wɪθ ðə ˈvæntɪʤ ˈsɛˌtəp rɪˈsivɪŋ ˈlɑrʤər daɪˈæmətər frənt ənd rɪr bɑrz ənd əˈʤəstəbəl raɪd haɪt ˌæˈljumɪnəm ˈdæmpərz. ˈsɪŋgəl reɪt, flæt graʊnd spərɪŋz wɪθ ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈhɛlpər spərɪŋz ənd ə ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd frənt (fər ˈɛkstrə ˈkæmbər) kəmˈplit ðə riˈvɪʒənz. ðə ˈstændərd ˌlubrɪˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪstəm faʊnd ɔn ðə ˈvæntɪʤ ɪz ˈkɛrid ˈoʊvər tɪ kip ɔɪl sərʤ ˈəndər kənˈtroʊl ˈdʊrɪŋ hɑrd ˈkɔrnərɪŋ. ˈbreɪkɪŋ ˈəpˌgreɪdz ər ˈmɪnəməl wɪθ ðə ˈlɑrʤər frənt dɪsks ˈbɛnəfɪtɪŋ frəm rɪˈvaɪzd ˈkulɪŋ tɪ kip breɪk feɪd æt beɪ. ˈbreɪkɪŋ pərˈfɔrməns ɪz ˌɪmˈpruvd θæŋks tɪ ðə əˈdɪʃən əv ˌjoʊkəˈhɑmə taɪərz wɪʧ naʊ kəm ˈfɪtɪd tɪ ðə kæst mægˈniziəm wilz ɛz ˈstændərd. ˈmænjuəl ər ˌɔtəˈmætɪk trænzˈmɪʃənz (wɪθ paddle-shifters*) wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl ənd boʊθ ˈgɪrbɑksɪz wɪl rɪˈsiv ðə seɪm ˈvælioʊ 'cerametallic*' ˈreɪsɪŋ kləʧ ənd ˈlaɪtˈweɪt ˈflaɪˌwil. ðə ˈstændərd ˈvæntɪʤɪz ˈæktɪv ˈseɪfti ˈsɪstəmz ər stɪl ɪn pleɪs ənd ˌɪnˈklud daɪˈnæmɪk stəˈbɪlɪti kənˈtroʊl, ˈtrækʃən kənˈtroʊl, ˈeɪˈbiˈɛs ənd ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən (wɪʧ ʃʊd meɪk ˈivɪn ðə ˈdraɪvərz lʊk laɪk prəˈfɛʃənəlz). ðə wɪl goʊ ɔn seɪl ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri nɛkst jɪr ənd wɪl kəm ɪn əraʊnd ðə mɑrk. ðət maɪt sim laɪk ə lɔt əv kɔɪn bət rɪˈmɛmbər ɪt ɪz ən ˈæstən ˈmɑrtɪn ənd ɪt kən bi ˈdrɪvən ɔn ðə roʊd. ʤeɪmz meɪ maɪt nɑt hæv ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns əv ˈdraɪvɪŋ ðə ɔn ˈpəblɪk roʊdz, bət wid bi mɔr ðən ˈhæpi tɪ gɪv ðə ə flɪŋ.
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disney’s animated polynesian adventure “moana” led u.s. moviegoing on thanksgiving day with $9.9 million at locations as it heads towards the $85 million to $90 million range during the five-day holiday break.
warner bros.’ “fantastic beasts and where to find them” finished a close second with $9.6 million at sites on thanksgiving, pushing the harry potter spinoff to $110 million in its first seven days.
but three other openers aimed at adults found only moderate traction on thanksgiving with brad “allied” grossing $2.3 million, billy bob “bad santa with $1.4 million and warren “rules apply” nearly invisible with $285,000.
“moana” has now taken in $25.6 million in its first two days. on a similar pace to “frozen,” which had hit $26.5 million at the same point in 2013 on its way to a record $93.6 million for the five-day thanksgiving opening.
thanksgiving day tends to be the slowest by far of the five days and the next day tends to be the heaviest day for moviegoing. “frozen” scored its best single day on that black friday with $26.8 million.
related film review: ‘moana’
“moana,” starring dwayne johnson as the voice of a polynesian named maui, received an a from audiences and has a 97% fresh rating on rotten tomatoes.
“fantastic beasts,” starring eddie redmayne, is on pace to take in around $65 million over the five days, which will push it to $155 million by the end of the weekend.
disney-marvel’s “doctor strange,” brought in $2.5 million on thursday and should finish the five days with around $20 million. the benedict cumberbatch vehicle has totaled $191.7 million in its first three weeks.
paramount’s “allied,” starring pitt and marion as world war spies, is heading for about $16 million at screens over the thanksgiving period. around the same range as the amy adams “arrival,” which has now gone past $51 million in its first two weeks.
“bad santa released by broad green and miramax, has grossed $2.9 million at sites in its first two days and is headed for around $10 million for the five days. the original “bad santa” opened with $16.8 million in five days during the 2003 thanksgiving break on its way to more than $60 million by the end of its run.
“rules apply,” which marks first directing gig since “bulworth,” has grossed a miniscule $600,000 at locations in its first two days for fox and will wind up the five days outside the top 10 with less than $3 million. beatty portrays eccentric billionaire howard hughes in a set in 1958.
overall business during the five days eclipse the thanksgiving record set in 2013, when “the hunger games: catching fire” and “frozen” drove the box office to a massive $293.6 million. but thanks to “moana” which was projected prior to its release to gross about $70 million the period may top last $258 million, which was propelled by “the hunger games: mockingjay, part “the good dinosaur” and “creed,” according to paul dergarabedian, senior media analyst at comscore.
“suddenly a frame that was destined to play second fiddle to last $258 million now has a shot at exceeding that total and landing in the top echelon of all-time thanksgiving holiday box office performances,” he added. “the of ‘moana’ made all the difference and took this week from a box office footnote to one of the stronger such holidays for the industry.”
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disney’s* ˈænəˌmeɪtɪd ˌpɑˌlɪˈniʒən ədˈvɛnʧər ““moana”*” lɛd juz. ˈmuˌviˌgoʊɪŋ ɔn ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ deɪ wɪθ ˈmɪljən æt loʊˈkeɪʃənz ɛz ɪt hɛdz təˈwɔrdz ðə 85 ˈmɪljən tɪ 90 ˈmɪljən reɪnʤ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈfaɪvˌdeɪ ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ breɪk. ˈwɔrnər bros.’*.’ bists ənd wɛr tɪ faɪnd them”*” ˈfɪnɪʃt ə kloʊz ˈsɛkənd wɪθ ˈmɪljən æt saɪts ɔn ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ, ˈpʊʃɪŋ ðə ˈhɛri ˈpɑtər ˈspɪˌnɔf tɪ 110 ˈmɪljən ɪn ɪts fərst ˈsɛvən deɪz. bət θri ˈəðər ˈoʊpənərz eɪmd æt ˈædəlts faʊnd ˈoʊnli ˈmɑdərˌeɪt ˈtrækʃən ɔn ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ wɪθ bræd ““allied”*” ˈgroʊsɪŋ ˈmɪljən, ˈbɪli bɑb ˈsænə wɪθ ˈmɪljən ənd ˈwɔrən apply”*” ˈnɪrli ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl wɪθ ““moana”*” həz naʊ ˈteɪkən ɪn ˈmɪljən ɪn ɪts fərst tu deɪz. ɔn ə ˈsɪmələr peɪs tɪ ““frozen,”*,” wɪʧ hæd hɪt ˈmɪljən æt ðə seɪm pɔɪnt ɪn 2013 ɔn ɪts weɪ tɪ ə ˈrɛkərd ˈmɪljən fər ðə ˈfaɪvˌdeɪ ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ ˈoʊpənɪŋ. ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ deɪ tɛndz tɪ bi ðə sloʊəst baɪ fɑr əv ðə faɪv deɪz ənd ðə nɛkst deɪ tɛndz tɪ bi ðə ˈhɛviəst deɪ fər ˈmuˌviˌgoʊɪŋ. ““frozen”*” skɔrd ɪts bɛst ˈsɪŋgəl deɪ ɔn ðət blæk ˈfraɪˌdeɪ wɪθ ˈmɪljən. rɪˈleɪtɪd fɪlm ˌrivˈju: ‘‘moana’*’ ““moana,”*,” ˈstɑrɪŋ dweɪn ˈʤɑnsən ɛz ðə vɔɪs əv ə ˌpɑˌlɪˈniʒən neɪmd maʊi, rɪˈsivd ən ə frəm ˈɔdiənsəz ənd həz ə 97 frɛʃ ˈreɪtɪŋ ɔn ˈrɑtən təˈmɑtoʊz. beasts,”*,” ˈstɑrɪŋ ˈɛdi redmayne*, ɪz ɔn peɪs tɪ teɪk ɪn əraʊnd 65 ˈmɪljən ˈoʊvər ðə faɪv deɪz, wɪʧ wɪl pʊʃ ɪt tɪ 155 ˈmɪljən baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd. strange,”*,” brɔt ɪn ˈmɪljən ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ ənd ʃʊd ˈfɪnɪʃ ðə faɪv deɪz wɪθ əraʊnd 20 ˈmɪljən. ðə ˈbɛnəˌdɪkt ˈkəmbərˌbæʧ ˈviɪkəl həz ˈtoʊtəld ˈmɪljən ɪn ɪts fərst θri wiks. ““allied,”*,” ˈstɑrɪŋ pɪt ənd ˈmɛriən ɛz wərld wɔr spaɪz, ɪz ˈhɛdɪŋ fər əˈbaʊt 16 ˈmɪljən æt skrinz ˈoʊvər ðə ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ ˈpɪriəd. əraʊnd ðə seɪm reɪnʤ ɛz ðə ˈeɪmi ˈædəmz ““arrival,”*,” wɪʧ həz naʊ gɔn pæst 51 ˈmɪljən ɪn ɪts fərst tu wiks. ˈsænə riˈlist baɪ brɔd grin ənd ˈmɪrəˌmæks, həz groʊst ˈmɪljən æt saɪts ɪn ɪts fərst tu deɪz ənd ɪz ˈhɛdɪd fər əraʊnd 10 ˈmɪljən fər ðə faɪv deɪz. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl santa”*” ˈoʊpənd wɪθ ˈmɪljən ɪn faɪv deɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə 2003 ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ breɪk ɔn ɪts weɪ tɪ mɔr ðən 60 ˈmɪljən baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ɪts rən. apply,”*,” wɪʧ mɑrks fərst dɪˈrɛktɪŋ gɪg sɪns ““bulworth,”*,” həz groʊst ə ˈmɪnɪskjul æt loʊˈkeɪʃənz ɪn ɪts fərst tu deɪz fər fɑks ənd wɪl wɪnd əp ðə faɪv deɪz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə tɔp 10 wɪθ lɛs ðən 3 ˈmɪljən. ˈbiti pɔrˈtreɪz ˌɛkˈsɛntrɪk ˌbɪljəˈnɛr haʊərd juz ɪn ə sɛt ɪn 1958 ˈoʊvərˌɔl ˈbɪznɪs ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə faɪv deɪz ɪˈklɪps ðə ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ ˈrɛkərd sɛt ɪn 2013 wɪn ˈhəŋgər geɪmz: ˈkæʧɪŋ fire”*” ənd ““frozen”*” droʊv ðə bɑks ˈɔfəs tɪ ə ˈmæsɪv ˈmɪljən. bət θæŋks tɪ ““moana”*” wɪʧ wɑz prɑˈʤɛktəd praɪər tɪ ɪts riˈlis tɪ groʊs əˈbaʊt 70 ˈmɪljən ðə ˈpɪriəd meɪ tɔp læst 258 ˈmɪljən, wɪʧ wɑz prəˈpɛld baɪ ˈhəŋgər geɪmz: mockingjay*, pɑrt gʊd dinosaur”*” ənd ““creed,”*,” əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ pɔl dergarabedian*, ˈsinjər ˈmidiə ˈænəlɪst æt comscore*. ə freɪm ðət wɑz ˈdɛstɪnd tɪ pleɪ ˈsɛkənd ˈfɪdəl tɪ læst 258 ˈmɪljən naʊ həz ə ʃɑt æt ɪkˈsidɪŋ ðət ˈtoʊtəl ənd ˈlændɪŋ ɪn ðə tɔp ˈɛʃəˌlɑn əv ˌɔlˈtaɪm ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ bɑks ˈɔfəs performances,”*,” hi ˈædɪd. əv ‘‘moana’*’ meɪd ɔl ðə ˈdɪfərəns ənd tʊk ðɪs wik frəm ə bɑks ˈɔfəs ˈfʊtˌnoʊt tɪ wən əv ðə ˈstrɔŋgər səʧ ˈhɑləˌdeɪz fər ðə industry.”*.”
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researchers at mcmaster university have uncovered significant new evidence in the quest for the elusive goal of gaining muscle and losing fat, an problem for those trying to manage their weight, control their calories and balance their protein consumption.
scientists have found that it is possible to achieve both, and quickly, but it isn't easy.
for the study, 40 young men underwent a month of hard exercise while cutting dietary energy they would normally require by 40 per cent of what they would normally require.
"it was a affair," says stuart phillips, a professor in the department of kinesiology at mcmaster and senior investigator on the study. "these guys were in rough shape, but that was part of the plan. we wanted to see how quickly we could get them into shape: lose some fat, but still retain their muscle and improve their strength and fitness," he says.
the researchers divided their subjects into two groups. both groups went on a low calorie diet, one with higher levels of protein than the other. the group experienced muscle gains -- about pounds -- despite consuming insufficient energy, while the lower protein group did not add muscle.
the group at least had the consolation of not losing muscle, which is a predictable outcome of cutting calories and not working out, say researchers.
"exercise, particularly lifting weights, provides a signal for muscle to be retained even when you're in a big calorie deficit," says phillips.
researchers were intrigued because the group also lost more body fat.
"we expected the muscle retention" said phillips, "but were a little surprised by the amount of additional fat loss in the higher protein consuming group."
the results showed that the group lost about pounds and the low protein group only eight pounds. all of the participants, by virtue of the demanding exercise routines, got stronger, fitter, and generally were in much better shape.
however, researchers caution this regimen is not for everyone.
"we designed this program for overweight young men, although i'm sure it would work for young women too, to get fitter, stronger, and to lose weight fast. it's a tough program and not something that's sustainable or for those looking for quick and easy fix," says phillips. "we controlled their diets, we supervised the exercise, and we really kept these guys under our 'scientific' thumb for the four weeks the participants were in the study."
phillips and his team hope to conduct a follow-up study on women and also explore a different approach that he says will be "a little easier and much more sustainable."
the study was published in the latest issue of the american journal of clinical nutrition.
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ˈrisərʧərz æt məkˈmæstər ˌjunəˈvərsəti hæv ənˈkəvərd sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt nu ˈɛvədəns ɪn ðə kwɛst fər ðə ɪˈlusɪv goʊl əv ˈgeɪnɪŋ ˈməsəl ənd ˈluzɪŋ fæt, ən ˈprɑbləm fər ðoʊz traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈmænɪʤ ðɛr weɪt, kənˈtroʊl ðɛr ˈkælɔˌriz ənd ˈbæləns ðɛr ˈproʊˌtin kənˈsəmʃən. ˈsaɪəntɪsts hæv faʊnd ðət ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ əˈʧiv boʊθ, ənd kˈwɪkli, bət ɪt ˈɪzənt ˈizi. fər ðə ˈstədi, 40 jəŋ mɛn ˌəndərˈwɛnt ə mənθ əv hɑrd ˈɛksərˌsaɪz waɪl ˈkətɪŋ ˈdaɪəˌtɛri ˈɛnərʤi ðeɪ wʊd ˈnɔrməli ˌrikˈwaɪər baɪ 40 pər sɛnt əv wət ðeɪ wʊd ˈnɔrməli ˌrikˈwaɪər. "ɪt wɑz ə əˈfɛr," sɪz stɔrt ˈfɪlɪps, ə prəˈfɛsər ɪn ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˌkɪnɪˌsiˈɑləʤi æt məkˈmæstər ənd ˈsinjər ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtər ɔn ðə ˈstədi. "ðiz gaɪz wər ɪn rəf ʃeɪp, bət ðət wɑz pɑrt əv ðə plæn. wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ si haʊ kˈwɪkli wi kʊd gɪt ðɛm ˈɪntu ʃeɪp: luz səm fæt, bət stɪl rɪˈteɪn ðɛr ˈməsəl ənd ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛr strɛŋθ ənd ˈfɪtnəs," hi sɪz. ðə ˈrisərʧərz dɪˈvaɪdɪd ðɛr ˈsəbʤɪkts ˈɪntu tu grups. boʊθ grups wɛnt ɔn ə loʊ ˈkælɔˌri daɪət, wən wɪθ haɪər ˈlɛvəlz əv ˈproʊˌtin ðən ðə ˈəðər. ðə grup ɪkˈspɪriənst ˈməsəl geɪnz əˈbaʊt paʊnz dɪˈspaɪt kənˈsumɪŋ ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt ˈɛnərʤi, waɪl ðə loʊər ˈproʊˌtin grup dɪd nɑt æd ˈməsəl. ðə grup æt list hæd ðə ˌkɑnsəˈleɪʃən əv nɑt ˈluzɪŋ ˈməsəl, wɪʧ ɪz ə prɪˈdɪktəbəl ˈaʊtˌkəm əv ˈkətɪŋ ˈkælɔˌriz ənd nɑt ˈwərkɪŋ aʊt, seɪ ˈrisərʧərz. "ˈɛksərˌsaɪz, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈlɪftɪŋ weɪts, prəˈvaɪdz ə ˈsɪgnəl fər ˈməsəl tɪ bi rɪˈteɪnd ˈivɪn wɪn jʊr ɪn ə bɪg ˈkælɔˌri ˈdɛfəsət," sɪz ˈfɪlɪps. ˈrisərʧərz wər ˌɪnˈtrigd bɪˈkəz ðə grup ˈɔlsoʊ lɔst mɔr ˈbɑdi fæt. "wi ɪkˈspɛktɪd ðə ˈməsəl riˈtɛnʃən" sɛd ˈfɪlɪps, "bət wər ə ˈlɪtəl səˈpraɪzd baɪ ðə əˈmaʊnt əv əˈdɪʃənəl fæt lɔs ɪn ðə haɪər ˈproʊˌtin kənˈsumɪŋ grup." ðə rɪˈzəlts ʃoʊd ðət ðə grup lɔst əˈbaʊt paʊnz ənd ðə loʊ ˈproʊˌtin grup ˈoʊnli eɪt paʊnz. ɔl əv ðə pɑrˈtɪsəpənts, baɪ ˈvərʧu əv ðə dɪˈmændɪŋ ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ruˈtinz, gɑt ˈstrɔŋgər, ˈfɪtər, ənd ˈʤɛnərəli wər ɪn məʧ ˈbɛtər ʃeɪp. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈrisərʧərz ˈkɔʃən ðɪs ˈrɛʤəmən ɪz nɑt fər ˈɛvriˌwən. "wi dɪˈzaɪnd ðɪs ˈproʊˌgræm fər ˌoʊvərˈweɪt jəŋ mɛn, ˌɔlˈðoʊ əm ʃʊr ɪt wʊd wərk fər jəŋ ˈwɪmən tu, tɪ gɪt ˈfɪtər, ˈstrɔŋgər, ənd tɪ luz weɪt fæst. ɪts ə təf ˈproʊˌgræm ənd nɑt ˈsəmθɪŋ ðæts səˈsteɪnəbəl ər fər ðoʊz ˈlʊkɪŋ fər kwɪk ənd ˈizi fɪks," sɪz ˈfɪlɪps. "wi kənˈtroʊld ðɛr daɪɪts, wi ˈsupərˌvaɪzd ðə ˈɛksərˌsaɪz, ənd wi ˈrɪli kɛpt ðiz gaɪz ˈəndər ɑr 'ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk' θəm fər ðə fɔr wiks ðə pɑrˈtɪsəpənts wər ɪn ðə ˈstədi." ˈfɪlɪps ənd hɪz tim hoʊp tɪ ˈkɑndəkt ə ˈfɑloʊˌəp ˈstədi ɔn ˈwɪmən ənd ˈɔlsoʊ ɪkˈsplɔr ə ˈdɪfərənt əˈproʊʧ ðət hi sɪz wɪl bi "ə ˈlɪtəl ˈiziər ənd məʧ mɔr səˈsteɪnəbəl." ðə ˈstədi wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈɪʃu əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈʤərnəl əv ˈklɪnɪkəl nuˈtrɪʃən.
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at least 65 members of venezuela's military, ranking from officers to the captain of an important border region unit, have been detained, raising questions about whether a fissure exists within the nation's armed forces, according to an attorney representing several of those arrested.
some of the officers have been charged with betraying the motherland and instigating rebellion while others are still awaiting a court hearing, said alonso medina of penal, a non-governmental lawyers' organization.
venezuela says feces bombs launched in protests are
'biochemical weapons'
opposition leader henrique said last week that dozens of officers had been detained for "expressing discontent" and said thursday the nation's military is "profoundly unhappy" with the government.
"the armed forces are completely divided," he said.
embattled president nicolas administration rejects any notion that the strong military is wavering in its support as hundreds of thousands of venezuelans take to the streets demanding elections.
defense minister vladimir lopez told russian broadcaster that the armed forces are concentrated on their "constitutional work" and that any suggestion that their loyalties are divided is an attempt to promote a military uprising.
venezuela illegally issued passports to syrians, iranians, report says
venezuela's ministry of communication did not respond to a request for comment on the military officer detentions.
analysts are doubtful the defections represent a significant turning point.
"if people were to storm the palace, the military would not intervene to save maduro," said daniel, a northwestern university professor. "but the military would not storm the palace under present conditions."
venezuela's armed forces are considered a critical component to the stability of government, and during the four years of his administration, he has significantly increased their authority over a wide range of affairs. he has also ensured that in a country with inflation and shortages of everything from toilet paper to tylenol, they have access to benefits like food imports and bonuses in dollars.
ap explains: why are protests rocking venezuela now?
a wave of street protests has clearly put strain on national guardsmen on the of the protests. demonstrators frequently walk up to where they stand blocking roads, urging them to think twice before repressing demonstrations. on wednesday, protesters hurled jars filled with fecal matter in their direction.
"when those vagabonds arrived, we were the first to stand in front of you," one national guardsman told protesters wednesday after a group of armed civilians arrived. "guaranteeing your lives without even having the means to combat that."
on monday, retired venezuelan military officers in florida urged protesters to stay in the streets and urged the armed forces to stop repressing the demonstrations, which frequently end with plumes of tear gas and shots of rubber bullets. at least 38 people have been killed in the unrest and more than 700 injured.
lansberg-rodriguez said those within the military who dislike the government tend to be officers, and that it is possible there will be more defections. but he said none of the four branches are likely to move against him.
"the government has done its best to keep the military comparatively happy," he said.
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æt list 65 ˈmɛmbərz əv ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪləz ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri, ˈræŋkɪŋ frəm ˈɔfɪsərz tɪ ðə ˈkæptən əv ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈbɔrdər ˈriʤən ˈjunɪt, hæv bɪn dɪˈteɪnd, ˈreɪzɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ˈwɛðər ə ˈfɪʃər ɪgˈzɪsts wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈneɪʃənz ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ən əˈtərni ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ ˈsɛvərəl əv ðoʊz ərˈɛstɪd. səm əv ðə ˈɔfɪsərz hæv bɪn ʧɑrʤd wɪθ bɪˈtreɪɪŋ ðə ˈməðərˌlænd ənd ˈɪnstəˌgeɪtɪŋ rɪˈbɛljən waɪl ˈəðərz ər stɪl əˈweɪtɪŋ ə kɔrt ˈhirɪŋ, sɛd əˈlɑnsoʊ məˈdinə əv ˈpinəl, ə nɑnˌgəvərnˈmɛntəl ˈlɔjərz' ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪlə sɪz ˈfiˌsiz bɑmz lɔnʧt ɪn ˈproʊˌtɛsts ər 'ˌbaɪoʊˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz' ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ˈlidər ɑnˈrik sɛd læst wik ðət ˈdəzənz əv ˈɔfɪsərz hæd bɪn dɪˈteɪnd fər "ɪkˈsprɛsɪŋ dɪskənˈtɛnt" ənd sɛd ˈθərzˌdeɪ ðə ˈneɪʃənz ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ɪz "proʊˈfaʊndli ənˈhæpi" wɪθ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt. "ðə ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz ər kəmˈplitli dɪˈvaɪdɪd," hi sɛd. ɛmˈbætəld ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈnɪkɔləs ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ˈriʤɛkts ˈɛni ˈnoʊʃən ðət ðə strɔŋ ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ɪz ˈweɪvərɪŋ ɪn ɪts səˈpɔrt ɛz ˈhənərdz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪlənz teɪk tɪ ðə strits dɪˈmændɪŋ ɪˈlɛkʃənz. dɪˈfɛns ˈmɪnɪstər vˈlædəmɪr ˈloʊpɛz toʊld ˈrəʃən ˈbrɔdˌkæstər ðət ðə ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz ər ˈkɔnsənˌtreɪtɪd ɔn ðɛr "ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl wərk" ənd ðət ˈɛni səˈʤɛsʧən ðət ðɛr ˈlɔɪəltiz ər dɪˈvaɪdɪd ɪz ən əˈtɛmpt tɪ prəˈmoʊt ə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈəˌpraɪzɪŋ. ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪlə ˌɪˈligəli ˈɪʃud ˈpæˌspɔrts tɪ ˈsɪriənz, ˌɪˈrɑniənz, rɪˈpɔrt sɪz ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪləz ˈmɪnɪstri əv kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən dɪd nɑt rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ə rɪkˈwɛst fər ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈɔfɪsər dɪˈtɛnʃənz. ˈænəlɪsts ər ˈdaʊtfəl ðə dɪˈfɛkʃənz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈtərnɪŋ pɔɪnt. "ɪf ˈpipəl wər tɪ stɔrm ðə ˈpæləs, ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri wʊd nɑt ˌɪntərˈvin tɪ seɪv maduro*," sɛd ˈdænjəl, ə ˌnɔrθˈwɛstərn ˌjunəˈvərsəti prəˈfɛsər. "bət ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri wʊd nɑt stɔrm ðə ˈpæləs ˈəndər ˈprɛzənt kənˈdɪʃənz." ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪləz ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz ər kənˈsɪdərd ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl kəmˈpoʊnənt tɪ ðə stəˈbɪlɪti əv ˈgəvərnmənt, ənd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fɔr jɪrz əv hɪz ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən, hi həz sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˌɪnˈkrist ðɛr əˈθɔrəti ˈoʊvər ə waɪd reɪnʤ əv əˈfɛrz. hi həz ˈɔlsoʊ ɪnˈʃʊrd ðət ɪn ə ˈkəntri wɪθ ˌɪnˈfleɪʃən ənd ˈʃɔrtɪʤɪz əv ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ frəm ˈtɔɪlət ˈpeɪpər tɪ ˈtaɪləˌnɔl, ðeɪ hæv ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈbɛnəfɪts laɪk fud ˌɪmˈpɔrts ənd ˈboʊnəsɪz ɪn ˈdɔlərz. ˌeɪˈpi ɪkˈspleɪnz: waɪ ər ˈproʊˌtɛsts ˈrɑkɪŋ ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪlə naʊ? ə weɪv əv strit ˈproʊˌtɛsts həz ˈklɪrli pʊt streɪn ɔn ˈnæʃənəl ˈgɑrdzmɪn ɔn ðə əv ðə ˈproʊˌtɛsts. ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtərz ˈfrikwɛntli wɔk əp tɪ wɛr ðeɪ stænd ˈblɑkɪŋ roʊdz, ˈərʤɪŋ ðɛm tɪ θɪŋk twaɪs ˌbiˈfɔr riˈprɛsɪŋ ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃənz. ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ˈproʊˌtɛstərz hərld ʤɑrz fɪld wɪθ ˈfikəl ˈmætər ɪn ðɛr dɪˈrɛkʃɪn. "wɪn ðoʊz ˈvægəbɑndz əraɪvd, wi wər ðə fərst tɪ stænd ɪn frənt əv ju," wən ˈnæʃənəl ˈgɑrdzˌmæn toʊld ˈproʊˌtɛstərz ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˈæftər ə grup əv ɑrmd səˈvɪljənz əraɪvd. "ˌgɛrənˈtiɪŋ jʊr lɪvz wɪˈθaʊt ˈivɪn ˈhævɪŋ ðə minz tɪ ˈkɑmbæt ðət." ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ, rɪˈtaɪrd ˌvɛnɪzˈweɪlən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈɔfɪsərz ɪn ˈflɔrɪdə ərʤd ˈproʊˌtɛstərz tɪ steɪ ɪn ðə strits ənd ərʤd ðə ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz tɪ stɑp riˈprɛsɪŋ ðə ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃənz, wɪʧ ˈfrikwɛntli ɛnd wɪθ plumz əv tɪr gæs ənd ʃɑts əv ˈrəbər ˈbʊləts. æt list 38 ˈpipəl hæv bɪn kɪld ɪn ðə ənˈrɛst ənd mɔr ðən 700 ˈɪnʤərd. sɛd ðoʊz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri hu dɪsˈlaɪk ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tɛnd tɪ bi ˈɔfɪsərz, ənd ðət ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl ðɛr wɪl bi mɔr dɪˈfɛkʃənz. bət hi sɛd nən əv ðə fɔr ˈbrænʧɪz ər ˈlaɪkli tɪ muv əˈgɛnst ɪm. "ðə ˈgəvərnmənt həz dən ɪts bɛst tɪ kip ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kəmˈpærətɪvˌli ˈhæpi," hi sɛd.
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colin everett recounts the origins of the brazilian labour movement, and its eventual by authoritarian, unions.
the roots of organized labor in brazil as in most other latin american countries, lies in the often forgotten realm of. brought to life with the flood of immigrants around the turn of the century, brazilian labor grew in the industrial cities along the coast. this radical movement which grew with the anarchist passion of southern european immigrants and fanned by the repression of both church and state was the single largest force behind brazilian labor for the first twenty-five years of its development. while the movement suffered harshly under the vargas regime it retained its original strength but on a much smaller scale.s were still deeply involved in brazilian labor until the nineteen thirties when labor suffered a slow death and the government took control of organized labor.
brazil underwent the full spectrum of development in its organized labor, from advocating worker control and anarchist organizing to authoritative and government controlled. this paper will show the influence that had on the growth of the brazilian labor movement and how it was the most dominating force in brazilian labor during the first quarter of the century of its formation until labor's decline in 1937.
brazil is a country of vast extremes. the story of labor in brazil displays all the diversity of thought and action likely on the subject of organized labor. from one extreme of an anarchist controlled industrial labor force to the other a completely authoritarian government controlled labor bureaucracy. the story of organized labor in brazil even at its height only represents a fraction of that countries population. in 1920, of the 30 million people living in brazil only were members of the anarchist unions at their height while this is like a minority of the population brazil's movement was the second largest in latin america during the first quarter of the twentieth century.
brazil went through some important changes during the last decade of the nineteenth century. slavery in brazil was only abolished in 1888. in 1887 literacy in brazil was still only at about 45% of the population. the majority of brazilians during this period still lived in the country's vast interior. everything changed around the turn of the century when massive immigration from southern europe took place and over 10 million europeans entered south america from the until world war i. out of that 10 million, had entered brazil between. most of the immigrants arrived in the first decade of the century. this massive wave of immigrants combined with the growth of industrial brazil lead to one of the worlds largest labor forces and helped shape the history of brazil.
this paper will detail the lives of those immigrants and, joined with the native brazilians, the new land they created. the development of organized labor through various labor congresses and strikes will be studied in detail, as well as the influence of the ruling class, catholic church, and the industrial workers themselves who controlled the world they lived in. all these things combined created this unique workers movement which made the most important force in organized labor both in latin america and in brazil for the first quarter of this century.
brazil was still primarily an agricultural country when it began to be flooded with immigrants around the turn of the century. many immigrants were brought into brazil to work the country's numerous coffee plantations. unfortunately for the plantation owners many of the immigrants just kept on moving because they did not want to replace the slave labor force who had been freed only a few years before. one italian journalist writing for the italian geographical society remarked that the plantation owners of sao paulo simply wanted to " replace black slaves for white ones". many of these immigrants just kept on moving and finally settled in brazil's two major industrial centers: sao paulo and rio de janeiro.
once immigrants started to arrive in the industrial cities they were shocked to find the crowded filthy conditions. in sao paulo poor working people were crammed into small rooms averaging 10 by 10 by 18 feet, often with four to six people in each room. the sanitary conditions were just as deplorable, the poorest 15% of sao paulo was forced to share one toilet for twenty people. the poorest 10% had to share one toilet for every one hundred to two hundred people.
industrially brazil slowly grew as a textile center for south america. the port cities of santos and rio de janeiro shipped much of brazil's coffee and rubber overseas to european and american markets. brazil's ruling class still operated as if they were in a slave economy demanding to labor; both in the fields and in the factories. the popular opinion that the ruling class shared about class division in their society was to completely deny it. rodriques alves, the president of sao paulo, when asked about class division in brazil stated, " among us (brazilians) there is frank democracy and a complete absence of social classes". with a developing industrial economy and a massive interior filled with natural resources, brazil was making itself one of south america's leading economic centers. brazil, although it was growing slowly, remained a minor industrial center on a global scale till world war i came about and brazil was cut off from its trading partners. as a result it was forced to develop itself industrially to make up for what could not be imported from europe or america. this can be seen in the startling growth of brazil's leading city at the time, sao paulo. in 1900 sao paulo had people and buildings, in 1918 the population and buildings doubled to and 55, 256 respectively. but industry and government were corrupt organizations who served only the interests of those in power. newly arrived immigrants saw this decadent system based on human exploitation and violence and rejected the whole system as beyond redemption, in this belief lies the popularity of for brazil's immigrant working class. in the words of historian fanny simon, " fraud, violence and control by landed oligarchs were the rule in south america. many workers accordingly, came to believe that direct rather that political action was the only way to improve their status." organized labor as well as the growth of urban brazil begins with the massive wave of immigration that changed the whole world during the first half of the twentieth century.
throughout its history brazil has long suffered an identity problem. the capitalists who ran the factories and plantations preferred immigrant labor over that of the brazilians. they considered anything european to be superior over anything brazilian; brazilian workers included. of the immigrants who flooded into brazil the majority were from italy (1,373,000), the portuguese made up the second largest group (901,000), spanish immigrants were numerous as well (500,000). german, polish, jewish, russian and danish immigrants all moved to brazil is less sizable numbers. by far the majority of the italian immigrants hailed from the country and cities of northern italy where a firm labor tradition had been in place for a generation. as mentioned earlier many of the immigrants skipped the cities and moved into the countryside to find horrible conditions: alone infected people in 1905 on coffee plantations in rural sao paulo. besides the european immigrants flooding into the cities, brazilians were often forced by the decline of brazilian sugar on the global markets to move from the northern regions to the urban centers of the south. overwhelmingly, it was immigrants who made up the industrial and urban work forces and it was they who were the force behind the growing movement in brazil.
anarchism was the favored political ideology of the immigrants for a variety of reasons. while it was definitely a response to the harsh treatment handed down from brazil's ruling class, it consisted of much more than simply a reaction to cruelty. one of the reasons for the popularity of was that few immigrants had any desire to become citizens. in 1920, only or% of the foreigners in sao paulo and rio de janeiro had become brazilian citizens. the brazilian immigrant therefore existed outside of the traditional political system. government was something removed to them, something distant. was the only political philosophy that actually encouraged its supporters to live outside of the traditional political spectrum. socialist and reform parties in brazil always encouraged its followers to become citizens, register to vote and elect them into positions of power; makes no such requests to its adherents. it was the relative few demands that prescribed from its followers that made it so popular. simply asked for less from the workers than other political parties of the time. was also popular to the immigrant because many had wished to escape the rigid 'hierarchical structures' and control that was prevalent in so many southern european communities. to them brazil represented a new world with the possibility to free themselves from the restraints of the old. was also a strong political force in southern europe, with thousands of followers in both urban and rural europe.
one thing that almost all immigrants to brazil shared in common was a catholic background. while the immigrants may not have hailed from a personally religious background the society they left as well as they society they entered was catholic. the anarchists who organized brazil's labor movement had a delicate relationship with catholicism. immigrant workers drawn to in brazil realized the hypocrisy of the church's action; but at the same time yearned for fierce moral guidelines. this is truer are of the anarchists who took on the role of organizers rather than the rank and file members of anarchist unions. anarchist labor organizers in brazil followed a strict code of conducting themselves, as many opposed all forms of alcohol, tobacco, and the eating of meat. the anarchists in brazil fiercely attacked the church on many issue's including the church's refusal to promote or acknowledge any form of birth control. brazilian anarchists thrashed the catholic church for allowing such madness as carnival claiming it was a waste of human life. in the words of one critic writing in a terra, " carnival is over, and what is left ? squeezed buttocks and breasts and other lovely things". to anarchists who were trying to organize poor, carnival was a distraction for the poor so that they could forget about their miserable lot in life in a decadent display of drinking and other unseemly behavior. anarchist labor organizers would cite the same distaste for any diversion created as a chance for the workers to temporally rise above their misery. alcohol was the chief cultural enemy of the anarchists, but anything that diverted the poor was open to attack: tobacco, cinema, and soccer. the anarchists begged the poor of brazil not to wait for eternal redemption while living their lives in utter misery and poverty; but to grasp the situation and take control of their destiny. they charged that the church was content to let the poor suffer, content to allow them to be merely passive observers in their own lives. for these diehard activists spreading the word of workers rights and was the same as spreading the word of a religion. interestingly enough one of the favorite topics among anarchist was; was jesus christ an anarchist ? these anarchists’ activists considered themselves closer to christ's message than the catholics. closer to his personality and to his predicament of one man against an empire. when militant labor organizers went out to the poor to speak of workers rights and the great division between rich and poor they present their views just as christians would. the evangelical spirit and the conversion experience were two traits that militant anarchists shared with christian missionaries and preachers. what the anarchists opposed with all their strength, down to their last breath, was the horrible hypocrisy of the church. a betrayal of the church to its own message, of authority and hierarchy covered up in the illusion of a world for the meek.
traditionally, many historians have simplified the anarchist experience in brazil and all of south america by simply stating that was very popular among the poor of southern europe, and that it was simply imported with the immigrants. when the immigrants arrived in south america they simply tried to recreate their old world in every way and that included their political affiliations. the brazilian anarchist experience was far more complex than that quick equation. as historian sheldon suggested flourished in brazil because not because it was imported with all other southern european characteristics but because it was the movement most attuned to the situation in brazil. this is a major theme in the development of the movement in brazil, that was the only political philosophy capable of uniting brazil's immigrants and serving the organized labor needs at the same time.
the very first people to organize themselves into unions in brazil were not industrialists or factory workers but artisans and skilled workers. it was their fierce independent spirit of the artisan the flamed the fires of anarchist organizing among brazil's working class, " drew its early strength from the artisan. who valued and individual enterprise and therefore saw a rise in industry a threat to his way of life ". it was in this immigrant population that brazil's most active anarchists dwelled. one of brazil's most active fields and areas for anarchist action was the stonecutters of greater sao paulo. stone cutting by its very nature was an independent activity. stonecutters were not paid a wage, they profited in small groups of workers and got paid on the delivery of finished products; they needed neither the government nor the employer. by their positions as skilled workers who could not be easily replaced when they struck or withdrew their labor over an issue immediate action would be taken to remedy the problem by the people the stonecutters worked for. in this sense 'direct action' as a political philosophy made sense to them. in contrast factory workers because of the nature of their work and the ease of replacing the work force were often subjected to longer more drawn out strikes.
there was often tension among diverse population in this era. among the italians and portuguese the labor movement was often divided among the different races. language was the chief barrier as most labor publications and radical newspapers in up until 1920 were published in italian. locals, were often divided by language. only minor conflicts arose between the european immigrants. the serious divisions among races in brazil took place between native brazilians and and the massive immigrant populations. immigrants constantly complained that the brazilians had no class conscious and no passion for working class issues. often the brazilians would be used as 'scabs' to break up immigrant strikes. in the world of organized labor a person who turns their back on his fellow workers and agrees to replace a striking worker in considered the lowest form of human scum. this division created by the employing class in brazil created a huge gulf between these two populations. this tensions over brazilians (often blacks) crossing immigrant picket lines created distrust and hate between these two groups that otherwise would of shared many things in common.
afro-brazilians did organize themselves into political groups but these groups most often focused on racial politics rather than labor issues. occasionally an group would form a 'socialist' organization like the brasil novo newspaper that was founded by a black lawyer santana in 1932.
immigrants often charged that brazilians had no working class traditions to draw on. while the brazilians may not of had a specific working class tradition to draw on many anarchists were impressed with the inhabitants of rural brazil ability to exist peacefully with very little government interference., a famous brazilian anarchist writing for a geneva newspaper wrote that, " whole areas of brazil are free of government, one could travel for weeks, even seeing a the law everyone respected was work."
the diverse anarchists of brazil sponsored and took part in many activities besides the labor movement. brazil was particularly well known for instituting ferrer free schools. francisco ferrer was an internationally known anarchist educator who was murdered in his homeland by spanish officials for criticizing the catholic church as an educational institution. free schools were anarchist run institutions built on learning, through free exploration of ideas rather than forced information. besides education, the anarchist was often at the cultural forefront of brazil. they were the only group that tried to bring plays to the poor working class. they also published literary works not related to politics in their newspapers, like a terra. they always organized celebrations and festivals on the traditional anarchist holidays, like may 1, november 11, and march 18. was not a simple one-sided political philosophy but rather a complex ideology with a diverse movement in brazil.
the anarchists did not break out of their political isolation until 1902 when many started to take an active interest in the development of trade unions. the first major strike in brazil occurred in rio de janeiro in 1903 when workers at the textile mill walked off the job. this strike paralyzed rio de janeiro for twenty days when over workers from all the textile mills went on strike demanding better conditions and pay. most strikers did not win but instead they settled for a nine and a half hour workday.
the first brazilian labor congress was held in 1906. the major event of this congress was the founding of the (c.o.b.), this new labor system was based on. the system of organization the congress endorsed was the federation system where unions were held in loose associations but retained their individual autonomy. this federation system was directly based on the radical french union the confederation generale du travail (c.g.t.). in the anarchist federation system there exists no paid officials, only temporary officers and no official leaders.
many of the workers in urban brazil were actually not industrial workers but instead worked in the cities extensive service industries. it was just these type of workers who struck in 1906, at the railroad. the government reacted quickly to an anarchist lead strike that threatened transportation network; immediately the government sent 500 troops to break up the strike. attorneys who tried to help strikers were arrested and the government stopped all telegraph service in all areas around the strikers. next, the government went to the company housing that they provided railroad workers and started kicking families out of their homes. the government and the catholic church did not know how to handle their urban poor striking. catholic leaders sent letters to the strikers asking them to call off the strike; but even the urgings of the church could stop the strikers. the real reaction came when workers in santos threatened a sympathy strike. the immediate reaction of the government was to send to warships to that port city.
leaders in government and industry had good reason to fear a sympathy strike in santos. as santos was regarded as brazil's most radical city it earned the nickname 'little barcelona'. the c.o.b., one of leading anarchist labor organizations always had higher membership numbers in santos. in 1907, shortly after the c.o.b. was created santos had brazil's highest concentration of organized labor and four times the members of rio de janeiro unions (22,500 in santo to in rio de janeiro and in sao paulo). santos had the highest concentration ofs in brazil for several reasons. since the city served as a port and satellite city for sao paulo it consisted of very little industry. the residents of santos were highly skilled laborers compared to other major cities. working in a port city provided for constant interaction with anarchist, socialists, and communists who were arriving from europe and other south american countries. santos tended to be a city of single men in the anarchist movement. men with families were more likely to live in the larger cities of sao paulo or rio de janeiro. a work force of single men without the burden of families is going to have the flexibility to take more chances and less fear of the consequences of direct action than men who had to support a family. in this respect, santos shared more things in common with the huge anarchist movement in argentina where families were rare as the concentration to men over women was greater.
the next strike to shake brazil was a general strike in the textile industry of sao paulo in 1907, it was a short unsuccessful strike. after the enthusiasm of 1906 and 1907 brazilian labor went into a bit of a lull and little activity took place. the anarchists continued to publish their newspapers and organize their free schools but little labor activity took place until the massive resurgence of 1912.
while labor activity slowed down for about five years between 1907 and 1912 the seeds for further revolt were being planted in the minds of the workers. during this time leading anarchist paper a terre published seventy five issues and kept a weekly readership averaging around. the paper was being recognized on an international scale when peter the famous russian anarchist wrote to the paper thanking them for a donation to the russian anarchist movement and publishing a fine newspaper.
this lull in labor activity fit right into the anarchist plan for organizing. their pattern was for years organizers would spread propaganda among the workers. when unrest happened on the labor agitators would organize a union for a strike. if the strike was successful than the union was kept; if the strike failed then so did the union. this was the pattern of labor organizing that anarchists employed all throughout the and.
the c.o.b. was not the only labor organization attracting workers along anarchist lines the workers federation of sao paulo (f.o.s.p.) was very militant among many fields between 1908 and 1912 especially among construction workers in sao paulo. these construction workers like the stone cutters of sao paulo were very aggressive in their demands and their actions. one strike in rio grande do saul, which was led by that cities by 1913 this group which had its headquarters in porte alegre which represented 42% of all the federations members.
textile workers had always been considered hard to organize for the brazilian anarchists because in 1911, for example 72% of all textile workers in sao paulo were women and children. these textile workers were not all together cautious though they probably just seemed harder to organize because there were so many textile factories. between 1901 and 1914, twenty six of the seventy five strikes in sao paulo somehow involved textile workers. in general though labor was considered to be in a decline between 1908 and 1912.
the resurgence was strong when in 1912 unions represented over workers in brazil. this new wave of unionization carried brazil towards its second national labor congress which took place in rio de janeiro in 1913. the themes for this congress where simple shorter hours, better pay, and safe work conditions. anarchists from all over south america attended the 1913 labor congress and many were impressed with the santos labor federations plan to recruit members strictly along anarchist lines. brazil experienced a depression in 1913 and 1914 but the labor movement only slowed slightly.
in 1915, rio de janeiro hosted an international south american conference with delegates attending from: argentina, chile, uruguay and five brazilian states. the major themes for this conference was building an movement to oppose the war in europe.
brazil was unique in that it maintained a large and often stable organized labor force capable of conducting numerous strikes; while at the same time constantly having a surplus of labor. this may prove more toward the racism of the brazilian ruling class than the solidity of the working class as the ruling class preferred to pay european immigrant women and children to work than use the countries massive population. industrial employers on the whole considered blacks to be fit for menial labor only as they were considered inferior to europeans.
the years 1917 through 1920 represent the height of brazil's worker led labor movement. the winter of 1917 is considered one of south america's most impressive displays of human solidarity and radical labor activities. in these years brazil's movement would ignite like a fresh struck match. then just a quickly as the match ignited, the flame would burn the match until only a smolder of what was before remains. brazil's labor unrest was ignited not by political ambitions but instead by the ambitions of bread.
in 1916 and the first part of 1917, brazil was experiencing a huge increase in the cost of living in food and fuel prices. this rise was dramatic and combined with in wages and the populations of industrial cities like sao paulo and rio de janeiro were not happy. any attempt to better conditions or pay was quickly turned down. in june of 1917 workers at the crespi plant in the district of sao paulo asked for a 25% wage increase; although business was booming their request was turned down.
unions like the f.o.s.p. who started 1917 with membership around; organized rallies to protest the high cost of living. at one such of these rallies on july 11, a common worker who had no connection with the rally, antonio martinez, was beaten to death by sao paulo police. sao paulo erupted in shock at the brutal death of a 21 year old worker. antonio martinez's funeral was a massive event. the funeral procession marched throughout the city and at one point the police confronted the mourners. after a shuffle the police began to attack the crowds. police on horseback attacked one portion of the processional with swords. the result of this was massive unrest and rioting in sao paulo. the next day, july 12, workers walked out on strike. the day after another workers joined the strike. soon a general strike was declared and the city was at a standstill. the government declared martial law and brought in the army. the main cause behind all the strikes was the high cost of food and the brutal death of martinez was just the catalyst. eventually, the strike ended when the government put pressure on the industrialists to end the strike; the workers settled for a 10% wage increase.
sao paulo was actually just the begging to the strikes of 1917. news of the unrest was not slow to reach rio de janeiro. when descriptions of the strikes reached one furniture worker on the morning of july 18, he immediately walked off the job calling for a strike at his factory; two others workers joined him. by the afternoon of july 18, only 150 workers had walked out in solidarity with the strikers of sao paulo. on july 19, five factories were on strike and the movement was growing uncontrollably. on july 22, the f.o.s.p. of rio de janeiro called for a general strike. to their surprise workers went on strike on the morning of july 23. later in the afternoon of july 23, metal workers walked out in solidarity with the factory workers. the demands for all the workers were universal; an eight hour work day and a 20% wage increase. this was a textbook spontaneous general strike and all of industrial brazil was stopped and in control of the workers.
the reaction of the government was swift and severe. by july 26, the government had used all its resources and declared martial law. army, navy, and police were guarding all the major areas of rio de janeiro. the strike carried on into august when the government finally realized they could not keep control of a whole population. the government soon forced the leaders of industry to settle with the workers. on august 2, 1917 the rio de janeiro general strike ended with the workers settling for a fifty six hour work week and a 10% wage increase.
in a few short months brazilian labor had shown its incredible strength and power. the workers displayed that they were powerful enough to call strikes on a national scale. the organization and influence of the anarchist played an important role in the speed by which union leaders called strikes. traditional reform unions have always been slow to call strikes preferring long meeting with employers and drawn out negotiations. the anarchist leadership of the f.o.s.p. knew the pulse and passions of the workers and had the good sense and timing to know when to call the strike at a time when they knew they could get massive workers support.
the government too was impressed with the actions of the anarchists and the realized that they had a problem with their labor unions. in september 1917, in response to open german bombing to brazilian merchant shipping the south atlantic, brazil entered the war against the germans. while brazil had entered the war near its end and they played a very small role the brazilian government used the war as an opportunity to solve their domestic labor problems. the brazilian government declared that the strikes of july and august were the work of german and italian agitators who had the backing of their respective governments to cause unrest in brazil. the response was the deportation of hundreds of labor leaders, the closing down of labor newspapers and the threatened deportation of anyone professing leading labor activity in the july and august strikes. this was a devastating blow to the labor movement that had just made so much progress with the workers. the labor forces of industrial brazil was at this time still mostly immigrant and most often these immigrants’ worst fear was being deported from brazil.
1917 was the height of in brazil. as a result of the general strikes the industrial employers and the government realized they had a common goal in the destruction of the unions. the government used world war i as an excuse to tear apart the leadership of the unions but they needed a bigger event to give them an excuse for more repressive deportations and a public crackdown of the radicals. the attempted revolt of 1918 signalled the decline of in brazil.
the world at this time was a place of great change and social unrest. the standard marxist notion that capitalism would be destroyed and a new world would arise was a commonly held sentiment at the time. workers truly believed that the great socialist revolution was a just about upon them and why would they have any reason to doubt that notion. the whole world at his time was in a great state of revolution as socialist movements were alive in every industrial country on the earth. when the news of the russian revolution first reached brazil; anarchists were ecstatic. radicals of all sorts were convinced that the russian revolution had spread farther and was much more utopian that was being described to them by the capitalist press. it was a commonly held belief among radicals everywhere that it would be only a short time to a revolution came to a town near them. it was with thoughts like these in their heads that a group of anarchist labor leaders planned the overthrow on rio de janeiro and eventually the whole brazilian state. with the exception of this incident (which as we will see never got off the ground) brazilian was an incredibly peaceful movement. bomb throwing were almost unheard of as the brazilian anarchists did very little to live up the phantom notion of the violent lone anarchist bomb thrower.
the 1918 revolt was being planned by a group of forty anarchist labor leaders who met in one of the classrooms of one the leaders. the group had a considerable plan and arsenal for their attack. they had gathered bombs, a detailed plan with people in all the key positions of the city: power, radio, telegraphs, and transportation. they also had over 40 barrels of gasoline ready to burn down the key structures of government the city hall, police station, and banks. also included in their portfolio was an small army of militant anarchists union members who were ready for street battles with the authorities. the plan was to take over the city and lead the workers to a general strike that would shut down industry which then would fall under worker control. the plan actually never got a shot to be put into action because one of the men attending the organizational meetings was an informant for the rio de janeiro police. the only results were massive arrests and deportations of all involved and some small instances of street fighting. the majority of the labor movement and the majority of the anarchists never had any knowledge of the plan but they certainly felt the repression that followed as this incident gave the brazilian government full authority to persecute those in the anarchist and labor movements. actions like this attempted revolt were a direct result of the russian revolution which had a enormous effect on the radical labor movement in brazil.
1919 was an important year in the development of brazilian labor. 1919 signaled the turning point in brazilian labor history when control of organized labor shifted from the to the reformist unions. the year consisted of many strikes and for the first time the strikes to place in different regions of brazil. bahia, pernambugo, and rio grande do sul as well as sao paulo, rio de janeiro and santos all had consistent labor activity. 1919, was the first year that brazil enacted a workers compensation law. as the anarchists would be fond of pointing out the government could create all the laws they wanted to because it made no difference in the lives of the workers; as this labor law was the quickly ignored brazil's employing class.
the first major strike of 1919 took place in early may and sections of it lasted until june and july. it is important to note that even during a general strike not all workers would be out on strike. workers would often strike a few days then return to the job as another factory or section of the factory went out on strike. this tactic frustrated the anarchist labor leader's who saw it as a determent to achieving the end result. the simple truth was the often times were just too tough in brazil and common workers did not have the savings to support themselves during a long strike. it seem of confusing way to conduct of strike but these were unsettling times in brazil. organized labor in brazil was considered at this time still very radical by global standards. a delegate from brazil that traveled to a world labor congress in europe reported that brazilian was not plagued by ' socialists parliamentary illusions'. in others words in brazil was still a revolutionary and not a reform organization.
on may day 1919, in sao paulo an anarchist rally attracted workers who spent the day listening to revolutionary speeches. one month latter, factory workers struck in sao paulo. around the same time as the may day rally in sao paulo another massive strike was brewing in rio de janeiro. finally on the of may 1919, factory workers went out on strike in rio de janeiro. their demands were the same as always an eight hour work day and a 20% pay increase. both the rio de janeiro and the sao paulo strikes lingered on well into june and july and the government was starting to get serious about brazil's growing urban labor problem. during this time the catholic church displayed which side they were on. one catholic center in sao paulo begged the workers to be peaceful and give, " unrestricted support to all conservative classes in the present emergency and (to) declare themselves at the side of the government for the repression of".
with the government finally forcing the hand of the industrialists the strikers in sao paulo and rio de janeiro won an eight hour day and a 20% wage increase. it was a short lived victory as the trade off for the shorter hours and pay increase was that workers had to give up their unions. an organization centro de e de aldgodai, was set up to mediate the strikes they were a composition of half workers and half employers, they made the decision to drop the unions. shortly after the workers in sao paulo lost the unions their new victories from the strike slowly started to wither away and in some of the same factories that struck conditions reverted to within a year. this was the first time that the anarchist started to loose their control over brazilian labor. brazil at the same time was getting serious about the anarchist threat and in september of 1919, brazil signed a pact with uruguay, argentina and paraguay to rid themselves of their mutual anarchist enemies. this was a direct result of an international labor congress in 1919 that called for the formation of the south american international, a conference that brazilian delegate took an active role in. almost immediately the arrests and deportations started. newspapers and the offices of anarchist lead labor unions were trashed, labor leaders were beaten and killed.
the rebellious workers of santos took instant action. in 1919 strikers from santos were arrested as part of the repression of labor activity. leaders at the f.o.s.p. called for an immediate general strike on october 20, to protest the arrests of strikers in santos. only four factories took part, and the general strike was over before it had a chance to begin it was considered a complete disaster for the f.o.s.p.
the amazing instincts of the anarchist labor leaders in 1917 were missing now as the brazilian workers were not in a desperate food shortage and would not rise up solely for political reasons. unfortunately for the anarchists the failed santos general strike started a self destructing pattern for the anarchist labor unions. the exact same thing happened again when a general strike was called in 1920 for factory workers in rio de janeiro and the workers did not arise. this pattern of failed general strikes would the most important cause of the slow decline of in brazil.
industrial brazil was getting more concentrated. in 1920, rio de janeiro out of the textile workers labored in factories employing more than 100, worked in factories that employed more than. the situation was similar in sao paulo were in large factories employers had gotten better at spotting agitators and removing them before trouble started.
at the third brazilian labor congress in 1920, the congress formed the do which tried to do away with the c.o.b. at this congress the delegates also voted unanimously to condemn an international labor congress that was to be held in washington dc because the employers and governments were allowed to choose the delegates for the congress. this congress showed a slow decline in anarchist sentiment and the growth in the popularity of communism.
1921, saw another failed general strike in rio de janeiro where maritime workers were on strike. the government was now all too prepared for the anarchist predictable pattern of striking and union organizing. before a movement could get started they would step in and arrest all the labor leaders and most often deport them.
anarchist activity slowed considerably during the for a number of reasons.
anarcho-syndicalism became a more concentrated movement not reaching the large numbers it did earlier but still keeping control over a number of unions if different parts of brazil. one well known brazilian labor leader was jose righetti, a weaver and an anarchist who founded the textiles workers' union on april 14, 1924. during this time the loose nature of the anarchist organization allowed this textile workers' union to build ties to a number of community organization. this came in helpful in july 1924, when a group of dissident military officers took over sao paulo as a coup against the government in rio de janeiro. during july, this military coup ran the city and kept sao paulo in a state of siege.nos were dead and more wounded in bombing and shelling; another fled into the interior around sao paulo. in desperation, lead by jose righetti, people from all over sao paulo raided food warehouses in bras and mooca. bringing the anarchists again a surge of popularity for their leadership and skills in direct actions and times of crisis. once order was restored the government blamed much of the chaos in sao paulo on the anarchists. this was cause for even more repression as dozens of labor leaders and anarchists not associated with the anarchist movement were banished to rural prisons and labor colonies near the french guinea border.
1925 saw more labor laws passed by the brazilian government. this new law tried to enforce a two week vacation for workers and put down on child labor. as is often the case with labor laws a chasm exist between the law and what is enforced.
another major factor in the decline of in brazil was that the focus of anarchists shifted from labor to other concerns like fascism. the late saw the anarchist movement shift away their focus from labor and start to address issues that were harder to control and fight like the global rise in fascism and the growing communist threat.
during the first twenty years of the century communist had existed in brazil but their power was marginal as they were too removed from the masses and too authoritarian for the anarchists. in 1923, all of the communists in latin america numbered only. in brazil former anarchist lead by pereira formed the partido do brasil (pcb) in 1922. over the next decade most of the energies of both the anarchist and communist movements in brazil went to discrediting each other. the largest issue of dispute in brazil as well as between anarchist and communists all over the world was the uses of force and authority in the russian revolution. anarchist papers like the famous a would print articles by emma goldman and alexander berkman, well known american anarchists who had been to russia at the invitation of lenin shortly after the revolution. the communists would print revenge articles by lenin denouncing goldman and berkman, and so in brazil the political left eroded with bitter fights like these. the ideological dispute put off workers from joining the and all during the their movement lacked the support of the working class.
the anarchists were right to concern themselves with the spread of fascism but unfortunately for them they lacked the power to do anything to halt it. fascism rose in brazil just as it did all over the world in direct response to the global depression. brazilian nationalism was appearing in organizations like to brazilian movement which was based in sao paulo and sputtered the motto 'god, fatherland, and family'.
the change from a radical libertarian majority in politics and labor to an authoritarian majority was a slow process that took the entire to slowly unfold. at the same time labor was shrinking in power and influence an eager politician getulio getulio vargas (1930-1945) was making a bid to come to power. in 1930, union membership for all of brazil was only at with a fraction belonging to anarchist (2,000) and communists (4,000) sponsored unions. in 1935, one last attempt at uniting the parties of the left in brazil took place. the nacional was founded in 1935 and had four months of incredible growth until it was banned by the vargas administration.
even with unionized labor being such a minority in a country of 30 million politicians like vargas knew the importance of controlling urban brazil. these few workers produced more wealth with their labor then millions of rural brazilians. one company in sao paulo in 1932, paid more taxes to the federal government that 15 of brazil's rural states.
the government was supportive of unions it could control. when catolica (catholic action) was founded in 1933 it had the full support of the government. these catholic action groups were supported in a number of dioceses but never really gathered any enthusiasm among the church's hierarchy. another catholic organization named the workers circle tried to organize workers but made very small membership and it lacked the full approval of the catholic church.
vargas came to power in 1930 after he declared that the election he had just lost for president was fixed. almost immediately after taking power he attacked the brazilian left. vargas closed down labor publications, arrested 600 labor leaders and prohibited strikes and meetings and demonstrations. throughout his time in office vargas had a perennial fear of the in brazil as they were in constant contact with moscow. vargas used this as an excuse to restrict foreign memberships in unions and to denounce communism as a 'exotic ideology' and a ' doctrine'. this fear unfolded and on january 31, 1931 vargas ordered all communists arrested and their property seized. anarchists were less of a threat as they had no national power behind them as the moscow backed the.
estado nova (new state) was the program vargas implemented when he implemented a complete take over of the brazilian government in 1937 but in reality it was a slow progress and not an rebellion. the unionization law of march, 19 1931 or decree legalized trade unions but provided tutelage for the unions. vargas, wanted to implement control over his unions in the same way the mussolini in italy had dealt with his anarchist and communists by making the unions there legal and controlling them. by 1934, the ministry of labor was suppose to attend all union meeting to monitor them; and the state only recognized one union for every industry of workers. finally on september 30, 1937 the brazilian army claimed they discovered a 'cohen plan' for a communist revolution in brazil. reaction was to cancel the upcoming presidential election and with the help of the military complete his take over of brazil.
on november 10, 1937 vargas officially announced novo a new constitution based on corporatist and fascist ideas. the vargas government dissolved national, state and city councils and banned any thing close to union activity as and harmful'. novo was not a quick development but a long gradual process in which vargas was very interested in promoting industrialization and proving to major american investors like standard oil and the united states steel corporation that brazil was a stable place. this truly was a fascist takeover of brazil as italy and germany congratulated vargas on his success and photographs of brazil's new leader where mandated in all public places.
anarchists in brazil now had to struggle for breath. their daily mission was simply to maintain their freedom and keep their passionate struggle alive. many a jaded anarchist decided to leave brazil like, who left to fight in the massive anarchist revolution in spain. kept on fighting in europe just as he spent a lifetime promoting the anarchist cause in brazil, he was finally shot to death by the germans as a member of the italian resistance in 1944.
in a span of forty years in brazil had come full circle. what had started out as a small movement of anarchists who took an interest in organized labor ended up just as it had started: a small determined segment of brazil's population. is important to the history of organized labor in brazil because it represented the position of a whole generation of brazilian immigrants. it displayed through dramatic events like the general strikes of 1917 that brazil's working class had the capacity to organize themselves without coercion, without authority, outside of the capitalist system. the failed revolt of 1918 is important because if it succeeded (if only for a short while) it would have been the paris commune or spanish civil war of south america. at that point in 1918 the working class population of brazil had no love of the government or the employers and riding the success of 1917 the anarchists might have taken power. the results of the attempted revolt of 1918 was the political repression that deported most of the anarchist leadership of the unions. the result of years of political repression is a movement in 1919 that was missing many of the key players in the 1917 general strike. the failed general strikes in 1919 signaled the end of massive unions and the start of a more repressive political state in brazil.
passionate brazil experienced the full spectrum of modern political diversity in the first four decades of the century. the sad result of one of south america's greatest organized labor achievements was the rise fascism in brazil and the rule of vargas.
in 1999, is alive in brazil. the c.o.b. still keeps an active voice in national and international politics. the rebirth was a result of the massive wildcat strikes on the brazilian waterfront in the mid-1980s. in 1988, the c.o.b. aligned itself with the international association (iwa). the today is the largest organization with chapters in many countries and the brazilian c.o.b. plays an active role within that organization.
poem by sylvio de figueredo jesus christ
great anarchist! oh pallid figure
of a rebel who, among the insane,
dared to raise ever bigger
a ringing cry against slavery.
who, in contrast to the roman rot,
against the foul opulence of the orgies,
dreamed of a universal redemption.
my poor christ, good martyr sublime,
the cross is not required to redeem
the generation of despised poor,
but the struggle on that final battle
among the shouts of your brothers in the fight
and the rubble of the rebels on the barricades.
anarchism- a philosophy of resistance to, and criticism of, all statist laws and authoritarianism; the theory that all forms of government rest on violence, and are therefore wrong and harmful, as well as unnecessary. (for the record the anarchist of brazil during this time would not associate with any form of violence). it is important to note that in brazil at this time not all anarchists were supporters of the labor movement. some strongly criticized the anarchist role in labor unions as and not revolutionary. there are a number of forms of that are neither communist orist in nature. in brazil at this time the only other factions were individualist ands. an example of an would be max in germany or henry david thoreau in america. a famous would be proudhon.
syndicalism- a theory of economy that advocates unions controlling the means of production in loosely connected associations. reformist were not numerous in brazil but they were in some countries like italy. a reformist would advocate that workers take over the means of production through reform within the existing political system.
socialism- in this time and region of the world, socialism was used as a common term for anyone who opposed capitalism and tried to organize a world without it. both anarchists and communists considered themselves socialists. anarchists were not reform socialists but rather 'libertarian socialists', which is a term still used today by some factions of the anarchist movement.
communism- communists were party socialists who backed and authoritative socialist organizations. in brazil communists were closely connected with the ussr, and followed a similar political agenda.
anarcho-syndicalism- is the vision of a worker controlled economy free from the authority of government and the ruling class. is organized along industry rather than by trade. maintains that economic and social monopolies must be replaced by free, federations of agriculture and industrial workers united in a system of councils.
anarcho-communism- although rare in brazil, advocate a direct path to the pure communism at the end of the communist revolution. the communists advocate a communist state where in theory, a communist government is established in order to destroy itself and slowly erode away and dissolve. advocates disagree with the traditional communist claim that a strong communists state is needed, they advocate a direct path to the pure communism that marx spoke of. to summarize they agree with the traditional communists on the end result of a communist revolution they just disagree on the methods used to achieve those ends.
general strike- one of the most important tools in the revolution. the general strike is used to halt industry and the economy while the transition to a libertarian and socialist economy could be set up.
libertarian- before the libertarian was synonymous with. this word is used in the anarchist sense and has no connection to the bourgeois laissez faire libertarian party of modern times and their capitalist agenda.
direct action- as opposed to the lengthy process of conventional political action, direct action promotes action without government interference.
scab- a scab is someone who crosses a picket line and replaces the labor of workers on strike.
alba, victor. politics and the labor movement in latin america stanford, californian: stanford university press, 1968.
this is a massive work on the politics of labor in south america. this book contains excellent information on south american and has a chapter on in brazil.
arvich, paul. anarchist portraits. princeton, new jersey: princeton university press, 1988.
paul is foremost expert on in america. this book contains a chapter that outlines general anarchist activity in brazil.
bookchin, murray. the spanish anarchists: the heroic years. san francisco, california, press, 1998.
murray history of the spanish civil war provided some information for comparisons between in brazil and spain as well as information on the famous educator francis ferrer.
butler, kim d. freedoms given freedoms won: in sao paulo and salvador. new brunswick, new jersey: rutgers university press, 1998.
this work provided for the examples of conflict between and brazilian immigrant workers.
chilcote, ronald h. brazil and its radical left: an annotated bibliography on the communist movement and the rise of marxism,. mildwood, new york: kraus international.
this is a mainly a reference book but its introductory essay provided some information for this report.
dolgoff, sam. " revolutionary unionism in brazil today: the cob " libertarian labor review. #6:, winter 1989.
this is an interview of leonardo morelli of the present day cob. the interview was conducted by the french anarchist weekly le mondo and translated by sam dolgoff. the information in this article was only used to summarize the conclusion of the paper.
dulles, john w. f. anarchists and communists in brazil,. austin, texas: university of texas press, 1973.
john dulles is one of leading brazilian historians in america. this work serves as one of the main sources for this report.
dulles, john w.f. vargas of brazil: a political biography. austin, texas: university of texas press, 1967.
this biography of vargas was used as a source for information on novo which is an important element in this paper.
fausto, boris. a concise history of brazil. new york: cambridge university press, 1999.
this survey of brazil was used for background information on general brazilian history.
french, john d. the brazilian workers' abc: class conflict and alliances in modern sao
paulo. chapel hill, north carolina: the university of north carolina press, 1992.
the area directly around sao paulo and its labor history was the theme for this book. this detailed work provided much information that related directly to sao paulo and its labor movement.
gordon, eric arthur. in brazil: theory and practice,. dissertation. tulane university, 1978.
this dissertation was one of the main sources for this report. this concise history of brazilian provided much of the information about that is not directly related to.
hall, michael mcdonald. the origins of mass immigration in brazil,. dissertation: columbia university, 1969.
this dissertation was only cited once in the form of a statistic.
herman, donald l. the communist tide in latin america: a selected treatment. austin texas: the university of texas, 1973.
only information that related to south american communism and brazil was selected from this book. it is not a main source.
howowitz, irving louis. revolution in brazil: politics and society in a developing nation. new york: e.p. dutton & co., inc., 1964.
the theme of this book was revolutions and conflicts in century brazil nut the introductory essay provided some information for this paper.
international workers association. " principles of revolutionary." review. number 25, pg., 2, 1999.
this article only contributed to the official definition of in the glossary section of the paper.
kadt, emanuel de. catholic radicals in brazil. london: oxford university press, 1970.
this book provided information about catholic worker groups in brazil as well as a general history of brazil.
levine, robert m. father of the poor? vargas and his era. new york: cambridge university press, 1998.
more details about vargas' rise to power and brazil in the.
maram, sheldon l. " labor and the left in brazil,: a movement aborted." hispanic american historical review. (1977).
this article provides information not in's dissertation.
maram, sheldon l. anarchists, immigrants, and the brazilian labor movement,. dissertation: university of california santa barbara, 1972.
this is the book that is cited the most in this report. this book specifically details the role of in the development of the brazilian labor movement.
skidmore, thomas e. " workers and soldiers: urban labor movements and elite response in lain america." elites, masses, and modernization in latin america austin texas: the university of texas press, 1979.
skidmore, like dulles is a major brazilian historian in america. this essay deals directly with the development of organized labor in brazil and often referring to the anarchist influence on labor.
skidmore, thomas e. brazil five centuries of change. new york: oxford university press, 1999.
a general history of brazil which was used in this report to provide a general background to the labor movement in brazil.
simon, fanny s. " and in south america." hispanic american historical review. february (1946):.
a very survey of latin american with only a section on brazil.
spalding, hobart a. jr. organized labor in latin america: historical case studies of urban workers in dependent societies. new york: harper torchbooks, 1977.
a historical work that focuses on industrial labors in organized labor. this book provided very few examples of the anarchist influence on brazilian labor, but did provide information about both topics separately.
troncoso, & ben g. burnett. the rise of the latin american labor movement. new york: bookman associates, 1960.
a broad survey of latin american labor with only a small section on brazil.
wolfe, jon. " anarchist ideology, worker practice: the 1917 general strike and the formation of sao working class. " hispanic american historical review (1991):.
a very opinionated and detailed article that focuses on the role on women in the 1917 general strike in sao paulo. jon wolfe makes a very clear stand against romanticizing the brazilian anarchists and holding those anarchists to modern anarchist moral standards (positions such as sexism and racism). his thesis is attacked by jon d. french in a response in the same issue of the hispanic american historical review.
woodworth, fred. "definition of". the match,, number 94, 1999.
this source was used to provide a clear definition of for the glossary.
written in 1999. a large number of corrections for spelling and grammar have been made by libcom.org.
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ˈkoʊlɪn ˈɛvərət ˌriˈkaʊnts ðə ˈɔrəʤɪnz əv ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt, ənd ɪts əˈvɛnʧuəl baɪ əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən, ˈjunjənz. ðə ruts əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ɪn brəˈzɪl ɛz ɪn moʊst ˈəðər ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkəntriz, laɪz ɪn ðə ˈɔfən fərˈgɑtən rɛlm əv. brɔt tɪ laɪf wɪθ ðə fləd əv ˈɪməgrənts əraʊnd ðə tərn əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri, brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər gru ɪn ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈsɪtiz əˈlɔŋ ðə koʊst. ðɪs ˈrædɪkəl ˈmuvmənt wɪʧ gru wɪθ ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈpæʃən əv ˈsəðərn ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈɪməgrənts ənd fænd baɪ ðə riˈprɛʃən əv boʊθ ʧərʧ ənd steɪt wɑz ðə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈlɑrʤəst fɔrs bɪˈhaɪnd brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər fər ðə fərst tˈwɛntiˌfaɪv jɪrz əv ɪts dɪˈvɛləpmənt. waɪl ðə ˈmuvmənt ˈsəfərd ˈhɑrʃli ˈəndər ðə ˈvɑrgəs rəˈʒim ɪt rɪˈteɪnd ɪts ərˈɪʤənəl strɛŋθ bət ɔn ə məʧ sˈmɔlər skeɪl. wər stɪl ˈdipli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ənˈtɪl ðə ˈnaɪnˈtin ˈθərtiz wɪn ˈleɪbər ˈsəfərd ə sloʊ dɛθ ənd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tʊk kənˈtroʊl əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər. brəˈzɪl ˌəndərˈwɛnt ðə fʊl ˈspɛktrəm əv dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪn ɪts ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər, frəm ˈædvəˌkeɪtɪŋ ˈwərkər kənˈtroʊl ənd ˈænərˌkɪst ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzɪŋ tɪ əˈθɔrəˌteɪtɪv ənd ˈgəvərnmənt kənˈtroʊld. ðɪs ˈpeɪpər wɪl ʃoʊ ðə ˈɪnfluəns ðət hæd ɔn ðə groʊθ əv ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ənd haʊ ɪt wɑz ðə moʊst ˈdɑməˌneɪtɪŋ fɔrs ɪn brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst kˈwɔrtər əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri əv ɪts fɔrˈmeɪʃən ənˈtɪl ˈleɪbərz dɪˈklaɪn ɪn 1937 brəˈzɪl ɪz ə ˈkəntri əv væst ɪkˈstrimz. ðə ˈstɔri əv ˈleɪbər ɪn brəˈzɪl dɪˈspleɪz ɔl ðə dɪˈvərsɪti əv θɔt ənd ˈækʃən ˈlaɪkli ɔn ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər. frəm wən ɪkˈstrim əv ən ˈænərˌkɪst kənˈtroʊld ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈleɪbər fɔrs tɪ ðə ˈəðər ə kəmˈplitli əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən ˈgəvərnmənt kənˈtroʊld ˈleɪbər bjʊˈrɑkrəsi. ðə ˈstɔri əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈivɪn æt ɪts haɪt ˈoʊnli ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ə ˈfrækʃən əv ðət ˈkəntriz ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ɪn 1920 əv ðə 30 ˈmɪljən ˈpipəl ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈoʊnli wər ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈjunjənz æt ðɛr haɪt waɪl ðɪs ɪz laɪk ə məˈnɔrəti əv ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən brəˈzɪlz ˈmuvmənt wɑz ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈlɑrʤəst ɪn ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkə ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst kˈwɔrtər əv ðə tˈwɛnˌtiɛθ ˈsɛnʧəri. brəˈzɪl wɛnt θru səm ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə læst ˈdɛkeɪd əv ðə ˈnaɪnˈtinθ ˈsɛnʧəri. sˈleɪvəri ɪn brəˈzɪl wɑz ˈoʊnli əˈbɑlɪʃt ɪn 1888 ɪn 1887 ˈlɪtərəsi ɪn brəˈzɪl wɑz stɪl ˈoʊnli æt əˈbaʊt 45 əv ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv brəˈzɪljənz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd stɪl lɪvd ɪn ðə ˈkəntriz væst ˌɪnˈtɪriər. ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ʧeɪnʤd əraʊnd ðə tərn əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri wɪn ˈmæsɪv ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən frəm ˈsəðərn ˈjʊrəp tʊk pleɪs ənd ˈoʊvər 10 ˈmɪljən ˌjʊrəˈpiənz ˈɛnərd saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə frəm ðə ənˈtɪl wərld wɔr aɪ. aʊt əv ðət 10 ˈmɪljən, hæd ˈɛnərd brəˈzɪl bɪtˈwin moʊst əv ðə ˈɪməgrənts əraɪvd ɪn ðə fərst ˈdɛkeɪd əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ðɪs ˈmæsɪv weɪv əv ˈɪməgrənts kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ðə groʊθ əv ˌɪnˈdəstriəl brəˈzɪl lɛd tɪ wən əv ðə wərldz ˈlɑrʤəst ˈleɪbər ˈfɔrsɪz ənd hɛlpt ʃeɪp ðə ˈhɪstəri əv brəˈzɪl. ðɪs ˈpeɪpər wɪl ˈditeɪl ðə lɪvz əv ðoʊz ˈɪməgrənts ənd, ʤɔɪnd wɪθ ðə ˈneɪtɪv brəˈzɪljənz, ðə nu lænd ðeɪ kriˈeɪtɪd. ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər θru ˈvɛriəs ˈleɪbər ˈkɑŋgrəsɪz ənd straɪks wɪl bi ˈstədid ɪn ˈditeɪl, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈɪnfluəns əv ðə ˈrulɪŋ klæs, ˈkæθlɪk ʧərʧ, ənd ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈwərkərz ðɛmˈsɛlvz hu kənˈtroʊld ðə wərld ðeɪ lɪvd ɪn. ɔl ðiz θɪŋz kəmˈbaɪnd kriˈeɪtɪd ðɪs juˈnik ˈwərkərz ˈmuvmənt wɪʧ meɪd ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt fɔrs ɪn ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər boʊθ ɪn ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkə ənd ɪn brəˈzɪl fər ðə fərst kˈwɔrtər əv ðɪs ˈsɛnʧəri. brəˈzɪl wɑz stɪl praɪˈmɛrəli ən ˌægrɪˈkəlʧərəl ˈkəntri wɪn ɪt bɪˈgæn tɪ bi ˈflədɪd wɪθ ˈɪməgrənts əraʊnd ðə tərn əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ˈmɛni ˈɪməgrənts wər brɔt ˈɪntu brəˈzɪl tɪ wərk ðə ˈkəntriz ˈnumərəs ˈkɔfi ˌplænˈteɪʃənz. ənˈfɔrʧənətli fər ðə ˌplænˈteɪʃən ˈoʊnərz ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈɪməgrənts ʤɪst kɛpt ɔn ˈmuvɪŋ bɪˈkəz ðeɪ dɪd nɑt wɔnt tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ðə sleɪv ˈleɪbər fɔrs hu hæd bɪn frid ˈoʊnli ə fju jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr. wən ˌɪˈtæljən ˈʤərnəlɪst ˈraɪtɪŋ fər ðə ˌɪˈtæljən ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəl soʊˈsaɪɪti rɪˈmɑrkt ðət ðə ˌplænˈteɪʃən ˈoʊnərz əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ˈsɪmpli ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs blæk sleɪvz fər waɪt wənz". ˈmɛni əv ðiz ˈɪməgrənts ʤɪst kɛpt ɔn ˈmuvɪŋ ənd ˈfaɪnəli ˈsɛtəld ɪn brəˈzɪlz tu ˈmeɪʤər ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈsɛnərz: saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ənd ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ. wəns ˈɪməgrənts ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ əraɪv ɪn ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈsɪtiz ðeɪ wər ʃɑkt tɪ faɪnd ðə ˈkraʊdɪd ˈfɪlθi kənˈdɪʃənz. ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ pur ˈwərkɪŋ ˈpipəl wər kræmd ˈɪntu smɔl rumz ˈævrɪʤɪŋ 10 baɪ 10 baɪ 18 fit, ˈɔfən wɪθ fɔr tɪ sɪks ˈpipəl ɪn iʧ rum. ðə ˈsænɪˌtɛri kənˈdɪʃənz wər ʤɪst ɛz dɪˈplɔrəbəl, ðə ˈpurɪst 15 əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ wɑz fɔrst tɪ ʃɛr wən ˈtɔɪlət fər tˈwɛnti ˈpipəl. ðə ˈpurɪst 10 hæd tɪ ʃɛr wən ˈtɔɪlət fər ˈɛvəri wən ˈhənərd tɪ tu ˈhənərd ˈpipəl. ˌɪnˈdəstriəli brəˈzɪl sˈloʊli gru ɛz ə ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈsɛnər fər saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə. ðə pɔrt ˈsɪtiz əv ˈsæntoʊs ənd ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ʃɪpt məʧ əv brəˈzɪlz ˈkɔfi ənd ˈrəbər ˈoʊvərˈsiz tɪ ˌjʊrəˈpiən ənd əˈmɛrɪkən ˈmɑrkɪts. brəˈzɪlz ˈrulɪŋ klæs stɪl ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd ɛz ɪf ðeɪ wər ɪn ə sleɪv ɪˈkɑnəmi dɪˈmændɪŋ tɪ ˈleɪbər; boʊθ ɪn ðə fildz ənd ɪn ðə ˈfæktəriz. ðə ˈpɑpjələr əˈpɪnjən ðət ðə ˈrulɪŋ klæs ʃɛrd əˈbaʊt klæs dɪˈvɪʒən ɪn ðɛr soʊˈsaɪɪti wɑz tɪ kəmˈplitli dɪˈnaɪ ɪt. rɑˈdrigɛs ˈɑlvɛs, ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ, wɪn æst əˈbaʊt klæs dɪˈvɪʒən ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈsteɪtɪd, əˈməŋ ˈjuˈɛs (brəˈzɪljənz) ðɛr ɪz fræŋk dɪˈmɑkrəsi ənd ə kəmˈplit ˈæbsəns əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈklæsɪz". wɪθ ə dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ɪˈkɑnəmi ənd ə ˈmæsɪv ˌɪnˈtɪriər fɪld wɪθ ˈnæʧərəl ˈrisɔrsɪz, brəˈzɪl wɑz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˌɪtˈsɛlf wən əv saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈlidɪŋ ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈsɛnərz. brəˈzɪl, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt wɑz groʊɪŋ sˈloʊli, rɪˈmeɪnd ə ˈmaɪnər ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈsɛnər ɔn ə ˈgloʊbəl skeɪl tɪl wərld wɔr aɪ keɪm əˈbaʊt ənd brəˈzɪl wɑz kət ɔf frəm ɪts ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈpɑrtnərz. ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt ɪt wɑz fɔrst tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ˌɪtˈsɛlf ˌɪnˈdəstriəli tɪ meɪk əp fər wət kʊd nɑt bi ˌɪmˈpɔrtɪd frəm ˈjʊrəp ər əˈmɛrɪkə. ðɪs kən bi sin ɪn ðə ˈstɑrtlɪŋ groʊθ əv brəˈzɪlz ˈlidɪŋ ˈsɪti æt ðə taɪm, saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. ɪn 1900 saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ hæd ˈpipəl ənd ˈbɪldɪŋz, ɪn 1918 ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ənd ˈbɪldɪŋz ˈdəbəld tɪ ənd 55 256 rɪˈspɛktɪvli. bət ˈɪndəstri ənd ˈgəvərnmənt wər kərəpt ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz hu sərvd ˈoʊnli ðə ˈɪntərɪsts əv ðoʊz ɪn paʊər. ˈnuli əraɪvd ˈɪməgrənts sɔ ðɪs ˈdɛkədənt ˈsɪstəm beɪst ɔn ˈjumən ˌɛkˌsplɔɪˈteɪʃən ənd ˈvaɪələns ənd rɪˈʤɛktɪd ðə hoʊl ˈsɪstəm ɛz bɪɔnd rɪˈdɛmʃən, ɪn ðɪs bɪˈlif laɪz ðə ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti əv fər brəˈzɪlz ˈɪməgrənt ˈwərkɪŋ klæs. ɪn ðə wərdz əv hɪˈstɔriən ˈfæni ˈsaɪmən, frɔd, ˈvaɪələns ənd kənˈtroʊl baɪ ˈlændɪd ˈoʊlɪˌgɑrks wər ðə rul ɪn saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə. ˈmɛni ˈwərkərz əˈkɔrdɪŋli, keɪm tɪ bɪˈliv ðət dɪˈrɛkt ˈrəðər ðət pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈækʃən wɑz ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛr ˈstætəs." ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə groʊθ əv ˈərbən brəˈzɪl bɪˈgɪnz wɪθ ðə ˈmæsɪv weɪv əv ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ðət ʧeɪnʤd ðə hoʊl wərld ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst hæf əv ðə tˈwɛnˌtiɛθ ˈsɛnʧəri. θruaʊt ɪts ˈhɪstəri brəˈzɪl həz lɔŋ ˈsəfərd ən aɪˈdɛntəˌti ˈprɑbləm. ðə ˈkæpətəlɪsts hu ræn ðə ˈfæktəriz ənd ˌplænˈteɪʃənz prɪˈfərd ˈɪməgrənt ˈleɪbər ˈoʊvər ðət əv ðə brəˈzɪljənz. ðeɪ kənˈsɪdərd ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˌjʊrəˈpiən tɪ bi suˈpɪriər ˈoʊvər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ brəˈzɪljən; brəˈzɪljən ˈwərkərz ˌɪnˈkludɪd. əv ðə ˈɪməgrənts hu ˈflədɪd ˈɪntu brəˈzɪl ðə məˈʤɔrəti wər frəm ˈɪtəli ðə ˈpɔrʧəˌgiz meɪd əp ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈlɑrʤəst grup ˈspænɪʃ ˈɪməgrənts wər ˈnumərəs ɛz wɛl ˈʤərmən, ˈpɑlɪʃ, ʤuɪʃ, ˈrəʃən ənd ˈdeɪnɪʃ ˈɪməgrənts ɔl muvd tɪ brəˈzɪl ɪz lɛs ˈsaɪzəbəl ˈnəmbərz. baɪ fɑr ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ðə ˌɪˈtæljən ˈɪməgrənts heɪld frəm ðə ˈkəntri ənd ˈsɪtiz əv ˈnɔrðərn ˈɪtəli wɛr ə fərm ˈleɪbər trəˈdɪʃən hæd bɪn ɪn pleɪs fər ə ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən. ɛz ˈmɛnʃənd ˈərliər ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈɪməgrənts skɪpt ðə ˈsɪtiz ənd muvd ˈɪntu ðə ˈkəntriˌsaɪd tɪ faɪnd ˈhɔrəbəl kənˈdɪʃənz: əˈloʊn ˌɪnˈfɛktɪd ˈpipəl ɪn 1905 ɔn ˈkɔfi ˌplænˈteɪʃənz ɪn ˈrʊrəl saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. ˌbiˈsaɪdz ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈɪməgrənts ˈflədɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈsɪtiz, brəˈzɪljənz wər ˈɔfən fɔrst baɪ ðə dɪˈklaɪn əv brəˈzɪljən ˈʃʊgər ɔn ðə ˈgloʊbəl ˈmɑrkɪts tɪ muv frəm ðə ˈnɔrðərn ˈriʤənz tɪ ðə ˈərbən ˈsɛnərz əv ðə saʊθ. ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli, ɪt wɑz ˈɪməgrənts hu meɪd əp ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ənd ˈərbən wərk ˈfɔrsɪz ənd ɪt wɑz ðeɪ hu wər ðə fɔrs bɪˈhaɪnd ðə groʊɪŋ ˈmuvmənt ɪn brəˈzɪl. wɑz ðə ˈfeɪvərd pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤi əv ðə ˈɪməgrənts fər ə vərˈaɪəti əv ˈrizənz. waɪl ɪt wɑz ˈdɛfənətli ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə hɑrʃ ˈtritmənt ˈhændɪd daʊn frəm brəˈzɪlz ˈrulɪŋ klæs, ɪt kənˈsɪstɪd əv məʧ mɔr ðən ˈsɪmpli ə riˈækʃən tɪ ˈkruəlti. wən əv ðə ˈrizənz fər ðə ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti əv wɑz ðət fju ˈɪməgrənts hæd ˈɛni dɪˈzaɪər tɪ bɪˈkəm ˈsɪtɪzənz. ɪn 1920 ˈoʊnli ər əv ðə ˈfɔrənərz ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ənd ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ hæd bɪˈkəm brəˈzɪljən ˈsɪtɪzənz. ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈɪməgrənt ˈðɛrˌfɔr ɪgˈzɪstəd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsɪstəm. ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz ˈsəmθɪŋ riˈmuvd tɪ ðɛm, ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈdɪstənt. wɑz ðə ˈoʊnli pəˈlɪtɪkəl fəˈlɑsəfi ðət ˈæˌkʧuəli ɪnˈkərəʤd ɪts səˈpɔrtərz tɪ lɪv ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈspɛktrəm. ˈsoʊʃəlɪst ənd rɪˈfɔrm ˈpɑrtiz ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈɔlˌweɪz ɪnˈkərəʤd ɪts ˈfɑloʊərz tɪ bɪˈkəm ˈsɪtɪzənz, ˈrɛʤɪstər tɪ voʊt ənd ɪˈlɛkt ðɛm ˈɪntu pəˈzɪʃənz əv paʊər; meɪks noʊ səʧ rɪkˈwɛsts tɪ ɪts æˈdhɪrənts. ɪt wɑz ðə ˈrɛlətɪv fju dɪˈmændz ðət priˈskraɪbd frəm ɪts ˈfɑloʊərz ðət meɪd ɪt soʊ ˈpɑpjələr. ˈsɪmpli æst fər lɛs frəm ðə ˈwərkərz ðən ˈəðər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑrtiz əv ðə taɪm. wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈpɑpjələr tɪ ðə ˈɪməgrənt bɪˈkəz ˈmɛni hæd wɪʃt tɪ ɪˈskeɪp ðə ˈrɪʤɪd 'ˌhaɪˈrɑrkəkəl ˈstrəkʧərz' ənd kənˈtroʊl ðət wɑz ˈprɛvələnt ɪn soʊ ˈmɛni ˈsəðərn ˌjʊrəˈpiən kəmˈjunɪtiz. tɪ ðɛm brəˈzɪl ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ə nu wərld wɪθ ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti tɪ fri ðɛmˈsɛlvz frəm ðə rɪˈstreɪnts əv ðə oʊld. wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ə strɔŋ pəˈlɪtɪkəl fɔrs ɪn ˈsəðərn ˈjʊrəp, wɪθ ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈfɑloʊərz ɪn boʊθ ˈərbən ənd ˈrʊrəl ˈjʊrəp. wən θɪŋ ðət ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɔl ˈɪməgrənts tɪ brəˈzɪl ʃɛrd ɪn ˈkɑmən wɑz ə ˈkæθlɪk ˈbækˌgraʊnd. waɪl ðə ˈɪməgrənts meɪ nɑt hæv heɪld frəm ə ˈpərsənəli rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈbækˌgraʊnd ðə soʊˈsaɪɪti ðeɪ lɛft ɛz wɛl ɛz ðeɪ soʊˈsaɪɪti ðeɪ ˈɛnərd wɑz ˈkæθlɪk. ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts hu ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd brəˈzɪlz ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt hæd ə ˈdɛləkət riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ kəˈθɔləˌsɪzəm. ˈɪməgrənt ˈwərkərz drɔn tɪ ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðə hɪˈpɑkrəsi əv ðə ˈʧərʧəz ˈækʃən; bət æt ðə seɪm taɪm jərnd fər fɪrs ˈmɔrəl ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz. ðɪs ɪz truər ər əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts hu tʊk ɔn ðə roʊl əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzərz ˈrəðər ðən ðə ræŋk ənd faɪl ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈænərˌkɪst ˈjunjənz. ˈænərˌkɪst ˈleɪbər ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzərz ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈfɑloʊd ə strɪkt koʊd əv kənˈdəktɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ɛz ˈmɛni əˈpoʊzd ɔl fɔrmz əv ˈælkəˌhɑl, təˈbæˌkoʊ, ənd ðə ˈitɪŋ əv mit. ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈfɪrsli əˈtækt ðə ʧərʧ ɔn ˈmɛni ˈɪʃuz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈʧərʧəz rɪfˈjuzəl tɪ prəˈmoʊt ər ækˈnɑlɪʤ ˈɛni fɔrm əv bərθ kənˈtroʊl. brəˈzɪljən ˈænərˌkɪsts θræʃt ðə ˈkæθlɪk ʧərʧ fər əˈlaʊɪŋ səʧ ˈmædnəs ɛz ˈkɑrnəvəl ˈkleɪmɪŋ ɪt wɑz ə weɪst əv ˈjumən laɪf. ɪn ðə wərdz əv wən ˈkrɪtɪk ˈraɪtɪŋ ɪn ə ˈtɛˌrɑ, ˈkɑrnəvəl ɪz ˈoʊvər, ənd wət ɪz lɛft skwizd ˈbətəks ənd brɛsts ənd ˈəðər ˈləvli θɪŋz". tɪ ˈænərˌkɪsts hu wər traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz pur, ˈkɑrnəvəl wɑz ə dɪˈstrækʃən fər ðə pur soʊ ðət ðeɪ kʊd fərˈgɛt əˈbaʊt ðɛr ˈmɪzərəbəl lɔt ɪn laɪf ɪn ə ˈdɛkədənt dɪˈspleɪ əv ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ ənd ˈəðər ənˈsimli bɪˈheɪvjər. ˈænərˌkɪst ˈleɪbər ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzərz wʊd saɪt ðə seɪm dɪˈsteɪst fər ˈɛni dɪˈvərʒən kriˈeɪtɪd ɛz ə ʧæns fər ðə ˈwərkərz tɪ ˈtɛmpərəli raɪz əˈbəv ðɛr ˈmɪzəri. ˈælkəˌhɑl wɑz ðə ʧif ˈkəlʧərəl ˈɛnəmi əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts, bət ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət dɪˈvərtɪd ðə pur wɑz ˈoʊpən tɪ əˈtæk: təˈbæˌkoʊ, ˈsɪnəmə, ənd ˈsɑkər. ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts bɛgd ðə pur əv brəˈzɪl nɑt tɪ weɪt fər ɪˈtərnəl rɪˈdɛmʃən waɪl ˈlɪvɪŋ ðɛr lɪvz ɪn ˈətər ˈmɪzəri ənd ˈpɑvərti; bət tɪ græsp ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ənd teɪk kənˈtroʊl əv ðɛr ˈdɛstəni. ðeɪ ʧɑrʤd ðət ðə ʧərʧ wɑz ˈkɑntɛnt tɪ lɛt ðə pur ˈsəfər, ˈkɑntɛnt tɪ əˈlaʊ ðɛm tɪ bi ˈmɪrli ˈpæsɪv əbˈzərvərz ɪn ðɛr oʊn lɪvz. fər ðiz ˈdaɪˌhɑrd ˈæktɪvɪsts ˈsprɛdɪŋ ðə wərd əv ˈwərkərz raɪts ənd wɑz ðə seɪm ɛz ˈsprɛdɪŋ ðə wərd əv ə rɪˈlɪʤən. ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋli ɪˈnəf wən əv ðə ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈtɑpɪks əˈməŋ ˈænərˌkɪst wɑz; wɑz ˈʤizəs kraɪst ən ˈænərˌkɪst ðiz anarchists’*’ ˈæktɪvɪsts kənˈsɪdərd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈkloʊzər tɪ kraɪsts ˈmɛsɪʤ ðən ðə ˈkæθlɪks. ˈkloʊzər tɪ hɪz ˌpərsəˈnælɪti ənd tɪ hɪz prɪˈdɪkəmənt əv wən mæn əˈgɛnst ən ˈɛmpaɪər. wɪn ˈmɪlətənt ˈleɪbər ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzərz wɛnt aʊt tɪ ðə pur tɪ spik əv ˈwərkərz raɪts ənd ðə greɪt dɪˈvɪʒən bɪtˈwin rɪʧ ənd pur ðeɪ ˈprɛzənt ðɛr vjuz ʤɪst ɛz ˈkrɪsʧɪnz wʊd. ðə ˌivænˈʤɛlɪkəl ˈspɪrɪt ənd ðə kənˈvərʒən ɪkˈspɪriəns wər tu treɪts ðət ˈmɪlətənt ˈænərˌkɪsts ʃɛrd wɪθ ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˈmɪʃəˌnɛriz ənd ˈpriʧərz. wət ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts əˈpoʊzd wɪθ ɔl ðɛr strɛŋθ, daʊn tɪ ðɛr læst brɛθ, wɑz ðə ˈhɔrəbəl hɪˈpɑkrəsi əv ðə ʧərʧ. ə bɪˈtreɪəl əv ðə ʧərʧ tɪ ɪts oʊn ˈmɛsɪʤ, əv əˈθɔrəti ənd ˈhaɪˌrɑrki ˈkəvərd əp ɪn ðə ˌɪˈluʒən əv ə wərld fər ðə mik. trəˈdɪʃənəli, ˈmɛni hɪˈstɔriənz hæv ˈsɪmpləˌfaɪd ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn brəˈzɪl ənd ɔl əv saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə baɪ ˈsɪmpli ˈsteɪtɪŋ ðət wɑz ˈvɛri ˈpɑpjələr əˈməŋ ðə pur əv ˈsəðərn ˈjʊrəp, ənd ðət ɪt wɑz ˈsɪmpli ˌɪmˈpɔrtɪd wɪθ ðə ˈɪməgrənts. wɪn ðə ˈɪməgrənts əraɪvd ɪn saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə ðeɪ ˈsɪmpli traɪd tɪ ˈrɛkriˌeɪt ðɛr oʊld wərld ɪn ˈɛvəri weɪ ənd ðət ˌɪnˈkludɪd ðɛr pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˌfɪliˈeɪʃənz. ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈænərˌkɪst ɪkˈspɪriəns wɑz fɑr mɔr ˈkɑmplɛks ðən ðət kwɪk ɪkˈweɪʒən. ɛz hɪˈstɔriən ˈʃɛldən səˈʤɛstɪd flərɪʃt ɪn brəˈzɪl bɪˈkəz nɑt bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ˌɪmˈpɔrtɪd wɪθ ɔl ˈəðər ˈsəðərn ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪks bət bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ðə ˈmuvmənt moʊst əˈtund tɪ ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ɪn brəˈzɪl. ðɪs ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər θim ɪn ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ðə ˈmuvmənt ɪn brəˈzɪl, ðət wɑz ðə ˈoʊnli pəˈlɪtɪkəl fəˈlɑsəfi ˈkeɪpəbəl əv juˈnaɪtɪŋ brəˈzɪlz ˈɪməgrənts ənd ˈsərvɪŋ ðə ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər nidz æt ðə seɪm taɪm. ðə ˈvɛri fərst ˈpipəl tɪ ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈɪntu ˈjunjənz ɪn brəˈzɪl wər nɑt ˌɪnˈdəstriəlɪsts ər ˈfæktəri ˈwərkərz bət ˈɑrtəzənz ənd skɪld ˈwərkərz. ɪt wɑz ðɛr fɪrs ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈspɪrɪt əv ðə ˈɑrtəzən ðə fleɪmd ðə faɪərz əv ˈænərˌkɪst ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzɪŋ əˈməŋ brəˈzɪlz ˈwərkɪŋ klæs, dru ɪts ˈərli strɛŋθ frəm ðə ˈɑrtəzən. hu ˈvæljud ənd ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈɛnərˌpraɪz ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr sɔ ə raɪz ɪn ˈɪndəstri ə θrɛt tɪ hɪz weɪ əv laɪf ɪt wɑz ɪn ðɪs ˈɪməgrənt ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ðət brəˈzɪlz moʊst ˈæktɪv ˈænərˌkɪsts dwɛld. wən əv brəˈzɪlz moʊst ˈæktɪv fildz ənd ˈɛriəz fər ˈænərˌkɪst ˈækʃən wɑz ðə ˈstoʊnˌkətərz əv ˈgreɪtər saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. stoʊn ˈkətɪŋ baɪ ɪts ˈvɛri ˈneɪʧər wɑz ən ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ækˈtɪvɪti. ˈstoʊnˌkətərz wər nɑt peɪd ə weɪʤ, ðeɪ ˈprɑfətəd ɪn smɔl grups əv ˈwərkərz ənd gɑt peɪd ɔn ðə dɪˈlɪvəri əv ˈfɪnɪʃt ˈprɑdəkts; ðeɪ ˈnidɪd ˈniðər ðə ˈgəvərnmənt nɔr ðə ɪmˈplɔɪər. baɪ ðɛr pəˈzɪʃənz ɛz skɪld ˈwərkərz hu kʊd nɑt bi ˈizəli ˌriˈpleɪst wɪn ðeɪ strək ər wɪθˈdru ðɛr ˈleɪbər ˈoʊvər ən ˈɪʃu ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈækʃən wʊd bi ˈteɪkən tɪ ˈrɛmədi ðə ˈprɑbləm baɪ ðə ˈpipəl ðə ˈstoʊnˌkətərz wərkt fər. ɪn ðɪs sɛns 'dɪˈrɛkt ˈækʃən' ɛz ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl fəˈlɑsəfi meɪd sɛns tɪ ðɛm. ɪn ˈkɑntræst ˈfæktəri ˈwərkərz bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈneɪʧər əv ðɛr wərk ənd ðə iz əv rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ ðə wərk fɔrs wər ˈɔfən səˈbʤɛktɪd tɪ ˈlɔŋgər mɔr drɔn aʊt straɪks. ðɛr wɑz ˈɔfən ˈtɛnʃən əˈməŋ dɪˈvərs ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ɪn ðɪs ˈɪrə. əˈməŋ ðə ˌɪˈtæljənz ənd ˈpɔrʧəˌgiz ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt wɑz ˈɔfən dɪˈvaɪdɪd əˈməŋ ðə ˈdɪfərənt ˈreɪsɪz. ˈlæŋgwɪʤ wɑz ðə ʧif ˈbɛriər ɛz moʊst ˈleɪbər ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz ənd ˈrædɪkəl ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz ɪn əp ənˈtɪl 1920 wər ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ˌɪˈtæljən. ˈloʊkəlz, wər ˈɔfən dɪˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ. ˈoʊnli ˈmaɪnər ˈkɑnflɪkts əroʊz bɪtˈwin ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈɪməgrənts. ðə ˈsɪriəs dɪˈvɪʒənz əˈməŋ ˈreɪsɪz ɪn brəˈzɪl tʊk pleɪs bɪtˈwin ˈneɪtɪv brəˈzɪljənz ənd ənd ðə ˈmæsɪv ˈɪməgrənt ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃənz. ˈɪməgrənts ˈkɑnstəntli kəmˈpleɪnd ðət ðə brəˈzɪljənz hæd noʊ klæs ˈkɑnʃəs ənd noʊ ˈpæʃən fər ˈwərkɪŋ klæs ˈɪʃuz. ˈɔfən ðə brəˈzɪljənz wʊd bi juzd ɛz 'skæbz' tɪ breɪk əp ˈɪməgrənt straɪks. ɪn ðə wərld əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ə ˈpərsən hu tərnz ðɛr bæk ɔn hɪz ˈfɛloʊ ˈwərkərz ənd əˈgriz tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ə ˈstraɪkɪŋ ˈwərkər ɪn kənˈsɪdərd ðə loʊəst fɔrm əv ˈjumən skəm. ðɪs dɪˈvɪʒən kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ðə ɪmˈplɔɪɪŋ klæs ɪn brəˈzɪl kriˈeɪtɪd ə juʤ gəlf bɪtˈwin ðiz tu ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃənz. ðɪs ˈtɛnʧənz ˈoʊvər brəˈzɪljənz (ˈɔfən blæks) ˈkrɔsɪŋ ˈɪməgrənt ˈpɪkɪt laɪnz kriˈeɪtɪd dɪˈstrəst ənd heɪt bɪtˈwin ðiz tu grups ðət ˈəðərˌwaɪz wʊd əv ʃɛrd ˈmɛni θɪŋz ɪn ˈkɑmən. dɪd ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈɪntu pəˈlɪtɪkəl grups bət ðiz grups moʊst ˈɔfən ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ˈreɪʃəl ˈpɑləˌtɪks ˈrəðər ðən ˈleɪbər ˈɪʃuz. ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli ən grup wʊd fɔrm ə 'ˈsoʊʃəlɪst' ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən laɪk ðə ˈbræsəl ˈnoʊvoʊ ˈnuzˌpeɪpər ðət wɑz ˈfaʊndɪd baɪ ə blæk ˈlɔjər sænˈtænə ɪn 1932 ˈɪməgrənts ˈɔfən ʧɑrʤd ðət brəˈzɪljənz hæd noʊ ˈwərkɪŋ klæs trəˈdɪʃənz tɪ drɔ ɔn. waɪl ðə brəˈzɪljənz meɪ nɑt əv hæd ə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈwərkɪŋ klæs trəˈdɪʃən tɪ drɔ ɔn ˈmɛni ˈænərˌkɪsts wər ˌɪmˈprɛst wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˈhæbɪtənts əv ˈrʊrəl brəˈzɪl əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ɪgˈzɪst ˈpisfəli wɪθ ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns., ə ˈfeɪməs brəˈzɪljən ˈænərˌkɪst ˈraɪtɪŋ fər ə ʤəˈnivə ˈnuzˌpeɪpər roʊt ðət, hoʊl ˈɛriəz əv brəˈzɪl ər fri əv ˈgəvərnmənt, wən kʊd ˈtrævəl fər wiks, ˈivɪn siɪŋ ə ðə lɔ ˈɛvriˌwən rɪˈspɛktɪd wɑz wərk." ðə dɪˈvərs ˈænərˌkɪsts əv brəˈzɪl ˈspɑnsərd ənd tʊk pɑrt ɪn ˈmɛni ækˈtɪvɪtiz ˌbiˈsaɪdz ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt. brəˈzɪl wɑz ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli wɛl noʊn fər ˈɪnstɪˌtutɪŋ ˈfɛrər fri skulz. frænˈsɪskoʊ ˈfɛrər wɑz ən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑli noʊn ˈænərˌkɪst ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtər hu wɑz ˈmərdərd ɪn hɪz ˈhoʊmˌlænd baɪ ˈspænɪʃ əˈfɪʃəlz fər ˈkrɪtɪˌsaɪzɪŋ ðə ˈkæθlɪk ʧərʧ ɛz ən ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃənəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃən. fri skulz wər ˈænərˌkɪst rən ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz bɪlt ɔn ˈlərnɪŋ, θru fri ˌɛksplərˈeɪʃən əv aɪˈdiəz ˈrəðər ðən fɔrst ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. ˌbiˈsaɪdz ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən, ðə ˈænərˌkɪst wɑz ˈɔfən æt ðə ˈkəlʧərəl ˈfɔrˌfrənt əv brəˈzɪl. ðeɪ wər ðə ˈoʊnli grup ðət traɪd tɪ brɪŋ pleɪz tɪ ðə pur ˈwərkɪŋ klæs. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈpəblɪʃt ˈlɪtərˌɛri wərks nɑt rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈpɑləˌtɪks ɪn ðɛr ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz, laɪk ə ˈtɛˌrɑ. ðeɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃənz ənd ˈfɛstɪvəlz ɔn ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈænərˌkɪst ˈhɑləˌdeɪz, laɪk meɪ 1 noʊˈvɛmbər 11 ənd mɑrʧ 18 wɑz nɑt ə ˈsɪmpəl ˌwənˈsaɪdəd pəˈlɪtɪkəl fəˈlɑsəfi bət ˈrəðər ə ˈkɑmplɛks ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤi wɪθ ə dɪˈvərs ˈmuvmənt ɪn brəˈzɪl. ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts dɪd nɑt breɪk aʊt əv ðɛr pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən ənˈtɪl 1902 wɪn ˈmɛni ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ teɪk ən ˈæktɪv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv treɪd ˈjunjənz. ðə fərst ˈmeɪʤər straɪk ɪn brəˈzɪl əˈkərd ɪn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ɪn 1903 wɪn ˈwərkərz æt ðə ˈtɛkˌstaɪl mɪl wɔkt ɔf ðə ʤɑb. ðɪs straɪk ˈpɛrəˌlaɪzd ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ fər tˈwɛnti deɪz wɪn ˈoʊvər ˈwərkərz frəm ɔl ðə ˈtɛkˌstaɪl mɪlz wɛnt ɔn straɪk dɪˈmændɪŋ ˈbɛtər kənˈdɪʃənz ənd peɪ. moʊst ˈstraɪkərz dɪd nɑt wɪn bət ˌɪnˈstɛd ðeɪ ˈsɛtəld fər ə naɪn ənd ə hæf aʊər ˈwərkˌdeɪ. ðə fərst brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈkɑŋgrəs wɑz hɛld ɪn 1906 ðə ˈmeɪʤər ɪˈvɛnt əv ðɪs ˈkɑŋgrəs wɑz ðə ˈfaʊndɪŋ əv ðə (c.o.b*.), ðɪs nu ˈleɪbər ˈsɪstəm wɑz beɪst ɔn. ðə ˈsɪstəm əv ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ðə ˈkɑŋgrəs ɛnˈdɔrst wɑz ðə ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən ˈsɪstəm wɛr ˈjunjənz wər hɛld ɪn lus əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz bət rɪˈteɪnd ðɛr ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl əˈtɑnəmi. ðɪs ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən ˈsɪstəm wɑz dɪˈrɛkli beɪst ɔn ðə ˈrædɪkəl frɛnʧ ˈjunjən ðə kənˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən ˌʤɛnərˈæl də trəˈveɪl (c.g.t*.). ɪn ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən ˈsɪstəm ðɛr ɪgˈzɪsts noʊ peɪd əˈfɪʃəlz, ˈoʊnli ˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈɔfɪsərz ənd noʊ əˈfɪʃəl ˈlidərz. ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈwərkərz ɪn ˈərbən brəˈzɪl wər ˈæˌkʧuəli nɑt ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈwərkərz bət ˌɪnˈstɛd wərkt ɪn ðə ˈsɪtiz ɪkˈstɛnsɪv ˈsərvɪs ˈɪndəstriz. ɪt wɑz ʤɪst ðiz taɪp əv ˈwərkərz hu strək ɪn 1906 æt ðə ˈreɪˌlroʊd. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt riˈæktɪd kˈwɪkli tɪ ən ˈænərˌkɪst lɛd straɪk ðət θˈrɛtənd ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən ˈnɛtˌwərk; ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ðə ˈgəvərnmənt sɛnt 500 trups tɪ breɪk əp ðə straɪk. əˈtərniz hu traɪd tɪ hɛlp ˈstraɪkərz wər ərˈɛstɪd ənd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt stɑpt ɔl ˈtɛləˌgræf ˈsərvɪs ɪn ɔl ˈɛriəz əraʊnd ðə ˈstraɪkərz. nɛkst, ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɛnt tɪ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈhaʊzɪŋ ðət ðeɪ prəˈvaɪdɪd ˈreɪˌlroʊd ˈwərkərz ənd ˈstɑrtɪd ˈkɪkɪŋ ˈfæməliz aʊt əv ðɛr hoʊmz. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ðə ˈkæθlɪk ʧərʧ dɪd nɑt noʊ haʊ tɪ ˈhændəl ðɛr ˈərbən pur ˈstraɪkɪŋ. ˈkæθlɪk ˈlidərz sɛnt ˈlɛtərz tɪ ðə ˈstraɪkərz ˈæskɪŋ ðɛm tɪ kɔl ɔf ðə straɪk; bət ˈivɪn ðə ˈərʤɪŋz əv ðə ʧərʧ kʊd stɑp ðə ˈstraɪkərz. ðə ril riˈækʃən keɪm wɪn ˈwərkərz ɪn ˈsæntoʊs θˈrɛtənd ə ˈsɪmpəθi straɪk. ðə ˌɪˈmiˌdiət riˈækʃən əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz tɪ sɛnd tɪ ˈwɔrˌʃɪps tɪ ðət pɔrt ˈsɪti. ˈlidərz ɪn ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ˈɪndəstri hæd gʊd ˈrizən tɪ fɪr ə ˈsɪmpəθi straɪk ɪn ˈsæntoʊs. ɛz ˈsæntoʊs wɑz rɪˈgɑrdɪd ɛz brəˈzɪlz moʊst ˈrædɪkəl ˈsɪti ɪt ərnd ðə ˈnɪkˌneɪm 'ˈlɪtəl ˌbɑrsɪˈloʊnə'. ðə c.o.b*., wən əv ˈlidɪŋ ˈænərˌkɪst ˈleɪbər ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ˈɔlˌweɪz hæd haɪər ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp ˈnəmbərz ɪn ˈsæntoʊs. ɪn 1907 ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ðə c.o.b*. wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd ˈsæntoʊs hæd brəˈzɪlz haɪəst ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ənd fɔr taɪmz ðə ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ˈjunjənz ɪn ˈsæntoʊ tɪ ɪn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ənd ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ). ˈsæntoʊs hæd ðə haɪəst ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən əv ɪn brəˈzɪl fər ˈsɛvərəl ˈrizənz. sɪns ðə ˈsɪti sərvd ɛz ə pɔrt ənd ˈsætəˌlaɪt ˈsɪti fər saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ɪt kənˈsɪstɪd əv ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl ˈɪndəstri. ðə ˈrɛzɪdənts əv ˈsæntoʊs wər ˈhaɪli skɪld ˈleɪbərərz kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ˈəðər ˈmeɪʤər ˈsɪtiz. ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ə pɔrt ˈsɪti prəˈvaɪdɪd fər ˈkɑnstənt ˌɪnərˈækʃən wɪθ ˈænərˌkɪst, ˈsoʊʃəlɪsts, ənd ˈkɑmjənəsts hu wər ərˈaɪvɪŋ frəm ˈjʊrəp ənd ˈəðər saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkəntriz. ˈsæntoʊs ˈtɛndɪd tɪ bi ə ˈsɪti əv ˈsɪŋgəl mɛn ɪn ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈmuvmənt. mɛn wɪθ ˈfæməliz wər mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ lɪv ɪn ðə ˈlɑrʤər ˈsɪtiz əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ər ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ. ə wərk fɔrs əv ˈsɪŋgəl mɛn wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈbərdən əv ˈfæməliz ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ hæv ðə ˌflɛksəˈbɪləti tɪ teɪk mɔr ˈʧænsɪz ənd lɛs fɪr əv ðə ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv dɪˈrɛkt ˈækʃən ðən mɛn hu hæd tɪ səˈpɔrt ə ˈfæməli. ɪn ðɪs rɪˈspɛkt, ˈsæntoʊs ʃɛrd mɔr θɪŋz ɪn ˈkɑmən wɪθ ðə juʤ ˈænərˌkɪst ˈmuvmənt ɪn ˌɑrʤənˈtinə wɛr ˈfæməliz wər rɛr ɛz ðə ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən tɪ mɛn ˈoʊvər ˈwɪmən wɑz ˈgreɪtər. ðə nɛkst straɪk tɪ ʃeɪk brəˈzɪl wɑz ə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ɪn ðə ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈɪndəstri əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ɪn 1907 ɪt wɑz ə ʃɔrt ˌənsəkˈsɛsfəl straɪk. ˈæftər ðə ɪnˈθuziˌæzəm əv 1906 ənd 1907 brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər wɛnt ˈɪntu ə bɪt əv ə ləl ənd ˈlɪtəl ækˈtɪvɪti tʊk pleɪs. ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts kənˈtɪnjud tɪ ˈpəblɪʃ ðɛr ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz ənd ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ðɛr fri skulz bət ˈlɪtəl ˈleɪbər ækˈtɪvɪti tʊk pleɪs ənˈtɪl ðə ˈmæsɪv riˈsərʤəns əv 1912 waɪl ˈleɪbər ækˈtɪvɪti sloʊd daʊn fər əˈbaʊt faɪv jɪrz bɪtˈwin 1907 ənd 1912 ðə sidz fər ˈfərðər rɪˈvoʊlt wər biɪŋ ˈplænɪd ɪn ðə maɪndz əv ðə ˈwərkərz. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs taɪm ˈlidɪŋ ˈænərˌkɪst ˈpeɪpər ə ˈtɛrə ˈpəblɪʃt ˈsɛvənti faɪv ˈɪʃuz ənd kɛpt ə ˈwikli ˈridərˌʃɪp ˈævrɪʤɪŋ əraʊnd ðə ˈpeɪpər wɑz biɪŋ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd ɔn ən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl skeɪl wɪn ˈpitər ðə ˈfeɪməs ˈrəʃən ˈænərˌkɪst roʊt tɪ ðə ˈpeɪpər ˈθæŋkɪŋ ðɛm fər ə doʊˈneɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈrəʃən ˈænərˌkɪst ˈmuvmənt ənd ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ ə faɪn ˈnuzˌpeɪpər. ðɪs ləl ɪn ˈleɪbər ækˈtɪvɪti fɪt raɪt ˈɪntu ðə ˈænərˌkɪst plæn fər ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzɪŋ. ðɛr ˈpætərn wɑz fər jɪrz ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzərz wʊd sprɛd ˌprɑpəˈgændə əˈməŋ ðə ˈwərkərz. wɪn ənˈrɛst ˈhæpənd ɔn ðə ˈleɪbər ˈæʤɪˌteɪtərz wʊd ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ə ˈjunjən fər ə straɪk. ɪf ðə straɪk wɑz səkˈsɛsfəl ðən ðə ˈjunjən wɑz kɛpt; ɪf ðə straɪk feɪld ðɛn soʊ dɪd ðə ˈjunjən. ðɪs wɑz ðə ˈpætərn əv ˈleɪbər ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzɪŋ ðət ˈænərˌkɪsts ɪmˈplɔɪd ɔl θruaʊt ðə ənd. ðə c.o.b*. wɑz nɑt ðə ˈoʊnli ˈleɪbər ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən əˈtræktɪŋ ˈwərkərz əˈlɔŋ ˈænərˌkɪst laɪnz ðə ˈwərkərz ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ (f.o.s.p*.) wɑz ˈvɛri ˈmɪlətənt əˈməŋ ˈmɛni fildz bɪtˈwin 1908 ənd 1912 əˈspɛʃəli əˈməŋ kənˈstrəkʃən ˈwərkərz ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. ðiz kənˈstrəkʃən ˈwərkərz laɪk ðə stoʊn ˈkətərz əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ wər ˈvɛri əˈgrɛsɪv ɪn ðɛr dɪˈmændz ənd ðɛr ˈækʃənz. wən straɪk ɪn ˈrioʊ grænd du sɔl, wɪʧ wɑz lɛd baɪ ðət ˈsɪtiz baɪ 1913 ðɪs grup wɪʧ hæd ɪts ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz ɪn pɔrt ɑˈlɛgri wɪʧ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd 42 əv ɔl ðə ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃənz ˈmɛmbərz. ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈwərkərz hæd ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn kənˈsɪdərd hɑrd tɪ ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz fər ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈænərˌkɪsts bɪˈkəz ɪn 1911 fər ɪgˈzæmpəl 72 əv ɔl ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈwərkərz ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ wər ˈwɪmən ənd ˈʧɪldrən. ðiz ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈwərkərz wər nɑt ɔl təˈgɛðər ˈkɔʃəs ðoʊ ðeɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli ʤɪst simd ˈhɑrdər tɪ ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz bɪˈkəz ðɛr wər soʊ ˈmɛni ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈfæktəriz. bɪtˈwin 1901 ənd 1914 tˈwɛnti sɪks əv ðə ˈsɛvənti faɪv straɪks ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ˈsəmˌhaʊ ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈwərkərz. ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl ðoʊ ˈleɪbər wɑz kənˈsɪdərd tɪ bi ɪn ə dɪˈklaɪn bɪtˈwin 1908 ənd 1912 ðə riˈsərʤəns wɑz strɔŋ wɪn ɪn 1912 ˈjunjənz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ˈoʊvər ˈwərkərz ɪn brəˈzɪl. ðɪs nu weɪv əv ˌjunjənəˈzeɪʃən ˈkɛrid brəˈzɪl təˈwɔrdz ɪts ˈsɛkənd ˈnæʃənəl ˈleɪbər ˈkɑŋgrəs wɪʧ tʊk pleɪs ɪn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ɪn 1913 ðə θimz fər ðɪs ˈkɑŋgrəs wɛr ˈsɪmpəl ˈʃɔrtər aʊərz, ˈbɛtər peɪ, ənd seɪf wərk kənˈdɪʃənz. ˈænərˌkɪsts frəm ɔl ˈoʊvər saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə əˈtɛndəd ðə 1913 ˈleɪbər ˈkɑŋgrəs ənd ˈmɛni wər ˌɪmˈprɛst wɪθ ðə ˈsæntoʊs ˈleɪbər ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃənz plæn tɪ rɪˈkrut ˈmɛmbərz ˈstrɪktli əˈlɔŋ ˈænərˌkɪst laɪnz. brəˈzɪl ɪkˈspɪriənst ə dɪˈprɛʃən ɪn 1913 ənd 1914 bət ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ˈoʊnli sloʊd sˈlaɪtli. ɪn 1915 ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ˈhoʊstɪd ən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkɑnfərəns wɪθ ˈdɛləˌgeɪts əˈtɛndɪŋ frəm: ˌɑrʤənˈtinə, ˈʧɪli, ˈjərəgˌweɪ ənd faɪv brəˈzɪljən steɪts. ðə ˈmeɪʤər θimz fər ðɪs ˈkɑnfərəns wɑz ˈbɪldɪŋ ən ˈmuvmənt tɪ əˈpoʊz ðə wɔr ɪn ˈjʊrəp. brəˈzɪl wɑz juˈnik ɪn ðət ɪt meɪnˈteɪnd ə lɑrʤ ənd ˈɔfən ˈsteɪbəl ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər fɔrs ˈkeɪpəbəl əv kənˈdəktɪŋ ˈnumərəs straɪks; waɪl æt ðə seɪm taɪm ˈkɑnstəntli ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈsərpləs əv ˈleɪbər. ðɪs meɪ pruv mɔr təˈwɔrd ðə ˈreɪˌsɪzəm əv ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈrulɪŋ klæs ðən ðə səˈlɪdəti əv ðə ˈwərkɪŋ klæs ɛz ðə ˈrulɪŋ klæs prɪˈfərd tɪ peɪ ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈɪməgrənt ˈwɪmən ənd ˈʧɪldrən tɪ wərk ðən juz ðə ˈkəntriz ˈmæsɪv ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ɪmˈplɔɪərz ɔn ðə hoʊl kənˈsɪdərd blæks tɪ bi fɪt fər ˈminiəl ˈleɪbər ˈoʊnli ɛz ðeɪ wər kənˈsɪdərd ˌɪnˈfɪriər tɪ ˌjʊrəˈpiənz. ðə jɪrz 1917 θru 1920 ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ðə haɪt əv brəˈzɪlz ˈwərkər lɛd ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt. ðə ˈwɪntər əv 1917 ɪz kənˈsɪdərd wən əv saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkəz moʊst ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv dɪˈspleɪz əv ˈjumən ˌsɑləˈdɛrəti ənd ˈrædɪkəl ˈleɪbər ækˈtɪvɪtiz. ɪn ðiz jɪrz brəˈzɪlz ˈmuvmənt wʊd ˌɪgˈnaɪt laɪk ə frɛʃ strək mæʧ. ðɛn ʤɪst ə kˈwɪkli ɛz ðə mæʧ ˌɪgˈnaɪtɪd, ðə fleɪm wʊd bərn ðə mæʧ ənˈtɪl ˈoʊnli ə sˈmoʊldər əv wət wɑz ˌbiˈfɔr rɪˈmeɪnz. brəˈzɪlz ˈleɪbər ənˈrɛst wɑz ˌɪgˈnaɪtɪd nɑt baɪ pəˈlɪtɪkəl æmˈbɪʃənz bət ˌɪnˈstɛd baɪ ðə æmˈbɪʃənz əv brɛd. ɪn 1916 ənd ðə fərst pɑrt əv 1917 brəˈzɪl wɑz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪŋ ə juʤ ˌɪnˈkris ɪn ðə kɔst əv ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn fud ənd fjuəl ˈpraɪsɪz. ðɪs raɪz wɑz drəˈmætɪk ənd kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ɪn ˈweɪʤɪz ənd ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃənz əv ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈsɪtiz laɪk saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ənd ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ wər nɑt ˈhæpi. ˈɛni əˈtɛmpt tɪ ˈbɛtər kənˈdɪʃənz ər peɪ wɑz kˈwɪkli tərnd daʊn. ɪn ʤun əv 1917 ˈwərkərz æt ðə ˈkrɛspi plænt ɪn ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ æst fər ə 25 weɪʤ ˌɪnˈkris; ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈbɪznɪs wɑz ˈbumɪŋ ðɛr rɪkˈwɛst wɑz tərnd daʊn. ˈjunjənz laɪk ðə f.o.s.p*. hu ˈstɑrtɪd 1917 wɪθ ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp əraʊnd ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈræliz tɪ ˈproʊˌtɛst ðə haɪ kɔst əv ˈlɪvɪŋ. æt wən səʧ əv ðiz ˈræliz ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 11 ə ˈkɑmən ˈwərkər hu hæd noʊ kəˈnɛkʃən wɪθ ðə ˈræli, ænˈtoʊnioʊ mɑrˈtinɛz, wɑz ˈbitən tɪ dɛθ baɪ saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ pəˈlis. saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ˌɪˈrəptɪd ɪn ʃɑk æt ðə ˈbrutəl dɛθ əv ə 21 jɪr oʊld ˈwərkər. ænˈtoʊnioʊ mɑrˈtiˌnɛzɪz fˈjunərəl wɑz ə ˈmæsɪv ɪˈvɛnt. ðə fˈjunərəl prəˈsɛʃən mɑrʧt θruaʊt ðə ˈsɪti ənd æt wən pɔɪnt ðə pəˈlis kənˈfrəntɪd ðə ˈmɔrnərz. ˈæftər ə ˈʃəfəl ðə pəˈlis bɪˈgæn tɪ əˈtæk ðə kraʊdz. pəˈlis ɔn ˈhɔrsˌbæk əˈtækt wən ˈpɔrʃən əv ðə prəˈsɛʃənəl wɪθ sɔrdz. ðə rɪˈzəlt əv ðɪs wɑz ˈmæsɪv ənˈrɛst ənd ˈraɪətɪŋ ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. ðə nɛkst deɪ, ˌʤuˈlaɪ 12 ˈwərkərz wɔkt aʊt ɔn straɪk. ðə deɪ ˈæftər əˈnəðər ˈwərkərz ʤɔɪnd ðə straɪk. sun ə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk wɑz dɪˈklɛrd ənd ðə ˈsɪti wɑz æt ə ˈstændˌstɪl. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt dɪˈklɛrd ˈmɑrʃəl lɔ ənd brɔt ɪn ðə ˈɑrmi. ðə meɪn kɔz bɪˈhaɪnd ɔl ðə straɪks wɑz ðə haɪ kɔst əv fud ənd ðə ˈbrutəl dɛθ əv mɑrˈtinɛz wɑz ʤɪst ðə ˈkætəˌlɪst. ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli, ðə straɪk ˈɛndɪd wɪn ðə ˈgəvərnmənt pʊt ˈprɛʃər ɔn ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəlɪsts tɪ ɛnd ðə straɪk; ðə ˈwərkərz ˈsɛtəld fər ə 10 weɪʤ ˌɪnˈkris. saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ wɑz ˈæˌkʧuəli ʤɪst ðə ˈbɛgɪŋ tɪ ðə straɪks əv 1917 nuz əv ðə ənˈrɛst wɑz nɑt sloʊ tɪ riʧ ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ. wɪn dɪˈskrɪpʃənz əv ðə straɪks riʧt wən ˈfərnɪʧər ˈwərkər ɔn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ əv ˌʤuˈlaɪ 18 hi ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli wɔkt ɔf ðə ʤɑb ˈkɔlɪŋ fər ə straɪk æt hɪz ˈfæktəri; tu ˈəðərz ˈwərkərz ʤɔɪnd ɪm. baɪ ðə ˌæftərˈnun əv ˌʤuˈlaɪ 18 ˈoʊnli 150 ˈwərkərz hæd wɔkt aʊt ɪn ˌsɑləˈdɛrəti wɪθ ðə ˈstraɪkərz əv saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 19 faɪv ˈfæktəriz wər ɔn straɪk ənd ðə ˈmuvmənt wɑz groʊɪŋ ˌənkənˈtroʊləbli. ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 22 ðə f.o.s.p*. əv ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ kɔld fər ə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk. tɪ ðɛr səˈpraɪz ˈwərkərz wɛnt ɔn straɪk ɔn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ əv ˌʤuˈlaɪ 23 ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə ˌæftərˈnun əv ˌʤuˈlaɪ 23 ˈmɛtəl ˈwərkərz wɔkt aʊt ɪn ˌsɑləˈdɛrəti wɪθ ðə ˈfæktəri ˈwərkərz. ðə dɪˈmændz fər ɔl ðə ˈwərkərz wər ˌjunəˈvərsəl; ən eɪt aʊər wərk deɪ ənd ə 20 weɪʤ ˌɪnˈkris. ðɪs wɑz ə ˈtɛkstˌbʊk spɑnˈteɪniəs ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ənd ɔl əv ˌɪnˈdəstriəl brəˈzɪl wɑz stɑpt ənd ɪn kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ˈwərkərz. ðə riˈækʃən əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz swɪft ənd səˈvɪr. baɪ ˌʤuˈlaɪ 26 ðə ˈgəvərnmənt hæd juzd ɔl ɪts ˈrisɔrsɪz ənd dɪˈklɛrd ˈmɑrʃəl lɔ. ˈɑrmi, ˈneɪvi, ənd pəˈlis wər ˈgɑrdɪŋ ɔl ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈɛriəz əv ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ. ðə straɪk ˈkɛrid ɔn ˈɪntu ˈɔgəst wɪn ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈfaɪnəli ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðeɪ kʊd nɑt kip kənˈtroʊl əv ə hoʊl ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt sun fɔrst ðə ˈlidərz əv ˈɪndəstri tɪ ˈsɛtəl wɪθ ðə ˈwərkərz. ɔn ˈɔgəst 2 1917 ðə ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ˈɛndɪd wɪθ ðə ˈwərkərz ˈsɛtəlɪŋ fər ə ˈfɪfti sɪks aʊər wərk wik ənd ə 10 weɪʤ ˌɪnˈkris. ɪn ə fju ʃɔrt mənθs brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər hæd ʃoʊn ɪts ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl strɛŋθ ənd paʊər. ðə ˈwərkərz dɪˈspleɪd ðət ðeɪ wər ˈpaʊərfəl ɪˈnəf tɪ kɔl straɪks ɔn ə ˈnæʃənəl skeɪl. ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ənd ˈɪnfluəns əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪst pleɪd ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt roʊl ɪn ðə spid baɪ wɪʧ ˈjunjən ˈlidərz kɔld straɪks. trəˈdɪʃənəl rɪˈfɔrm ˈjunjənz hæv ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn sloʊ tɪ kɔl straɪks prɪˈfərɪŋ lɔŋ ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ ɪmˈplɔɪərz ənd drɔn aʊt nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz. ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈlidərˌʃɪp əv ðə f.o.s.p*. nu ðə pəls ənd ˈpæʃənz əv ðə ˈwərkərz ənd hæd ðə gʊd sɛns ənd ˈtaɪmɪŋ tɪ noʊ wɪn tɪ kɔl ðə straɪk æt ə taɪm wɪn ðeɪ nu ðeɪ kʊd gɪt ˈmæsɪv ˈwərkərz səˈpɔrt. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tu wɑz ˌɪmˈprɛst wɪθ ðə ˈækʃənz əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts ənd ðə ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət ðeɪ hæd ə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ðɛr ˈleɪbər ˈjunjənz. ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər 1917 ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈoʊpən ˈʤərmən ˈbɑmɪŋ tɪ brəˈzɪljən ˈmərʧənt ˈʃɪpɪŋ ðə saʊθ əˈtlæntɪk, brəˈzɪl ˈɛnərd ðə wɔr əˈgɛnst ðə ˈʤərmənz. waɪl brəˈzɪl hæd ˈɛnərd ðə wɔr nɪr ɪts ɛnd ənd ðeɪ pleɪd ə ˈvɛri smɔl roʊl ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt juzd ðə wɔr ɛz ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ sɑlv ðɛr dəˈmɛstɪk ˈleɪbər ˈprɑbləmz. ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt dɪˈklɛrd ðət ðə straɪks əv ˌʤuˈlaɪ ənd ˈɔgəst wər ðə wərk əv ˈʤərmən ənd ˌɪˈtæljən ˈæʤɪˌteɪtərz hu hæd ðə ˈbækɪŋ əv ðɛr rɪˈspɛktɪv ˈgəvərnmənts tɪ kɔz ənˈrɛst ɪn brəˈzɪl. ðə rɪˈspɑns wɑz ðə ˌdipɔrˈteɪʃən əv ˈhənərdz əv ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz, ðə ˈkloʊzɪŋ daʊn əv ˈleɪbər ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz ənd ðə θˈrɛtənd ˌdipɔrˈteɪʃən əv ˈɛniˌwən prəˈfɛsɪŋ ˈlidɪŋ ˈleɪbər ækˈtɪvɪti ɪn ðə ˌʤuˈlaɪ ənd ˈɔgəst straɪks. ðɪs wɑz ə ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ bloʊ tɪ ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ðət hæd ʤɪst meɪd soʊ məʧ ˈprɑˌgrɛs wɪθ ðə ˈwərkərz. ðə ˈleɪbər ˈfɔrsɪz əv ˌɪnˈdəstriəl brəˈzɪl wɑz æt ðɪs taɪm stɪl ˈmoʊstli ˈɪməgrənt ənd moʊst ˈɔfən ðiz immigrants’*’ wərst fɪr wɑz biɪŋ dɪˈpɔrtəd frəm brəˈzɪl. 1917 wɑz ðə haɪt əv ɪn brəˈzɪl. ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ðə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪks ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ɪmˈplɔɪərz ənd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðeɪ hæd ə ˈkɑmən goʊl ɪn ðə dɪˈstrəkʃən əv ðə ˈjunjənz. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt juzd wərld wɔr aɪ ɛz ən ɪkˈskjuz tɪ tɪr əˈpɑrt ðə ˈlidərˌʃɪp əv ðə ˈjunjənz bət ðeɪ ˈnidɪd ə ˈbɪgər ɪˈvɛnt tɪ gɪv ðɛm ən ɪkˈskjuz fər mɔr riˈprɛsɪv ˌdipɔrˈteɪʃənz ənd ə ˈpəblɪk ˈkrækˌdaʊn əv ðə ˈrædɪkəlz. ðə əˈtɛmptəd rɪˈvoʊlt əv 1918 ˈsɪgnəld ðə dɪˈklaɪn əv ɪn brəˈzɪl. ðə wərld æt ðɪs taɪm wɑz ə pleɪs əv greɪt ʧeɪnʤ ənd ˈsoʊʃəl ənˈrɛst. ðə ˈstændərd ˈmɑrksɪst ˈnoʊʃən ðət ˈkæpɪtəˌlɪzəm wʊd bi dɪˈstrɔɪd ənd ə nu wərld wʊd əraɪz wɑz ə ˈkɑmənli hɛld ˈsɛnəmənt æt ðə taɪm. ˈwərkərz ˈtruli bɪˈlivd ðət ðə greɪt ˈsoʊʃəlɪst ˌrɛvəˈluʃən wɑz ə ʤɪst əˈbaʊt əˈpɑn ðɛm ənd waɪ wʊd ðeɪ hæv ˈɛni ˈrizən tɪ daʊt ðət ˈnoʊʃən. ðə hoʊl wərld æt hɪz taɪm wɑz ɪn ə greɪt steɪt əv ˌrɛvəˈluʃən ɛz ˈsoʊʃəlɪst ˈmuvmənts wər əˈlaɪv ɪn ˈɛvəri ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈkəntri ɔn ðə ərθ. wɪn ðə nuz əv ðə ˈrəʃən ˌrɛvəˈluʃən fərst riʧt brəˈzɪl; ˈænərˌkɪsts wər ɛkˈstætɪk. ˈrædɪkəlz əv ɔl sɔrts wər kənˈvɪnst ðət ðə ˈrəʃən ˌrɛvəˈluʃən hæd sprɛd ˈfɑrðər ənd wɑz məʧ mɔr juˈtoʊpiən ðət wɑz biɪŋ dɪˈskraɪbd tɪ ðɛm baɪ ðə ˈkæpətəlɪst prɛs. ɪt wɑz ə ˈkɑmənli hɛld bɪˈlif əˈməŋ ˈrædɪkəlz ˈɛvriˌwɛr ðət ɪt wʊd bi ˈoʊnli ə ʃɔrt taɪm tɪ ə ˌrɛvəˈluʃən keɪm tɪ ə taʊn nɪr ðɛm. ɪt wɑz wɪθ θɔts laɪk ðiz ɪn ðɛr hɛdz ðət ə grup əv ˈænərˌkɪst ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz plænd ðə ˈoʊvərθˌroʊ ɔn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ðə hoʊl brəˈzɪljən steɪt. wɪθ ðə ɪkˈsɛpʃən əv ðɪs ˈɪnsədənt (wɪʧ ɛz wi wɪl si ˈnɛvər gɑt ɔf ðə graʊnd) brəˈzɪljən wɑz ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈpisfəl ˈmuvmənt. bɔm θroʊɪŋ wər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ənˈhərd əv ɛz ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈænərˌkɪsts dɪd ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl tɪ lɪv əp ðə ˈfænəm ˈnoʊʃən əv ðə ˈvaɪələnt loʊn ˈænərˌkɪst bɔm θroʊər. ðə 1918 rɪˈvoʊlt wɑz biɪŋ plænd baɪ ə grup əv ˈfɔrti ˈænərˌkɪst ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz hu mɛt ɪn wən əv ðə ˈklæsˌrumz əv wən ðə ˈlidərz. ðə grup hæd ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl plæn ənd ˈɑrsənəl fər ðɛr əˈtæk. ðeɪ hæd ˈgæðərd bɑmz, ə dɪˈteɪld plæn wɪθ ˈpipəl ɪn ɔl ðə ki pəˈzɪʃənz əv ðə ˈsɪti: paʊər, ˈreɪdiˌoʊ, telegraphs*, ənd ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ hæd ˈoʊvər 40 ˈbɛrəlz əv ˈgæsəˌlin ˈrɛdi tɪ bərn daʊn ðə ki ˈstrəkʧərz əv ˈgəvərnmənt ðə ˈsɪti hɔl, pəˈlis ˈsteɪʃən, ənd bæŋks. ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðɛr pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ wɑz ən smɔl ˈɑrmi əv ˈmɪlətənt ˈænərˌkɪsts ˈjunjən ˈmɛmbərz hu wər ˈrɛdi fər strit ˈbætəlz wɪθ ðə əˈθɔrətiz. ðə plæn wɑz tɪ teɪk ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsɪti ənd lɛd ðə ˈwərkərz tɪ ə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ðət wʊd ʃət daʊn ˈɪndəstri wɪʧ ðɛn wʊd fɔl ˈəndər ˈwərkər kənˈtroʊl. ðə plæn ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈnɛvər gɑt ə ʃɑt tɪ bi pʊt ˈɪntu ˈækʃən bɪˈkəz wən əv ðə mɛn əˈtɛndɪŋ ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənəl ˈmitɪŋz wɑz ən ˌɪnˈfɔrmənt fər ðə ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ pəˈlis. ðə ˈoʊnli rɪˈzəlts wər ˈmæsɪv ərˈɛsts ənd ˌdipɔrˈteɪʃənz əv ɔl ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ənd səm smɔl ˈɪnstənsɪz əv strit ˈfaɪtɪŋ. ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ənd ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts ˈnɛvər hæd ˈɛni ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ðə plæn bət ðeɪ ˈsərtənli fɛlt ðə riˈprɛʃən ðət ˈfɑloʊd ɛz ðɪs ˈɪnsədənt geɪv ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt fʊl əˈθɔrəti tɪ ˈpərsəˌkjut ðoʊz ɪn ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ənd ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənts. ˈækʃənz laɪk ðɪs əˈtɛmptəd rɪˈvoʊlt wər ə dɪˈrɛkt rɪˈzəlt əv ðə ˈrəʃən ˌrɛvəˈluʃən wɪʧ hæd ə ɪˈnɔrmɪs ˈifɛkt ɔn ðə ˈrædɪkəl ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ɪn brəˈzɪl. 1919 wɑz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt jɪr ɪn ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər. 1919 ˈsɪgnəld ðə ˈtərnɪŋ pɔɪnt ɪn brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈhɪstəri wɪn kənˈtroʊl əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ˈʃɪftɪd frəm ðə tɪ ðə rɪˈfɔrmɪst ˈjunjənz. ðə jɪr kənˈsɪstɪd əv ˈmɛni straɪks ənd fər ðə fərst taɪm ðə straɪks tɪ pleɪs ɪn ˈdɪfərənt ˈriʤənz əv brəˈzɪl. ˈbɑhiə, pernambugo*, ənd ˈrioʊ grænd du səl ɛz wɛl ɛz saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ, ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ənd ˈsæntoʊs ɔl hæd kənˈsɪstənt ˈleɪbər ækˈtɪvɪti. 1919 wɑz ðə fərst jɪr ðət brəˈzɪl ɛˈnæktəd ə ˈwərkərz ˌkɑmpənˈseɪʃən lɔ. ɛz ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts wʊd bi fɑnd əv ˈpɔɪntɪŋ aʊt ðə ˈgəvərnmənt kʊd kriˈeɪt ɔl ðə lɔz ðeɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ bɪˈkəz ɪt meɪd noʊ ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ðə lɪvz əv ðə ˈwərkərz; ɛz ðɪs ˈleɪbər lɔ wɑz ðə kˈwɪkli ˌɪgˈnɔrd brəˈzɪlz ɪmˈplɔɪɪŋ klæs. ðə fərst ˈmeɪʤər straɪk əv 1919 tʊk pleɪs ɪn ˈərli meɪ ənd ˈsɛkʃənz əv ɪt ˈlæstɪd ənˈtɪl ʤun ənd ˌʤuˈlaɪ. ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ noʊt ðət ˈivɪn ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk nɑt ɔl ˈwərkərz wʊd bi aʊt ɔn straɪk. ˈwərkərz wʊd ˈɔfən straɪk ə fju deɪz ðɛn rɪˈtərn tɪ ðə ʤɑb ɛz əˈnəðər ˈfæktəri ər ˈsɛkʃən əv ðə ˈfæktəri wɛnt aʊt ɔn straɪk. ðɪs ˈtæktɪk ˈfrəˌstreɪtəd ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz hu sɔ ɪt ɛz ə dɪˈtərmənt tɪ əˈʧivɪŋ ðə ɛnd rɪˈzəlt. ðə ˈsɪmpəl truθ wɑz ðə ˈɔfən taɪmz wər ʤɪst tu təf ɪn brəˈzɪl ənd ˈkɑmən ˈwərkərz dɪd nɑt hæv ðə ˈseɪvɪŋz tɪ səˈpɔrt ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈdʊrɪŋ ə lɔŋ straɪk. ɪt sim əv kənfˈjuzɪŋ weɪ tɪ ˈkɑndəkt əv straɪk bət ðiz wər ənˈsɛtəlɪŋ taɪmz ɪn brəˈzɪl. ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ɪn brəˈzɪl wɑz kənˈsɪdərd æt ðɪs taɪm stɪl ˈvɛri ˈrædɪkəl baɪ ˈgloʊbəl ˈstændərdz. ə ˈdɛləˌgeɪt frəm brəˈzɪl ðət ˈtrævəld tɪ ə wərld ˈleɪbər ˈkɑŋgrəs ɪn ˈjʊrəp ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət brəˈzɪljən wɑz nɑt pleɪgd baɪ ˈsoʊʃəlɪsts ˌpɑrləˈmɛntəri ˌɪˈluʒənz'. ɪn ˈəðərz wərdz ɪn brəˈzɪl wɑz stɪl ə ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri ənd nɑt ə rɪˈfɔrm ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. ɔn meɪ deɪ 1919 ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ən ˈænərˌkɪst ˈræli əˈtræktəd ˈwərkərz hu spɛnt ðə deɪ ˈlɪsənɪŋ tɪ ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri ˈspiʧɪz. wən mənθ ˈlætər, ˈfæktəri ˈwərkərz strək ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. əraʊnd ðə seɪm taɪm ɛz ðə meɪ deɪ ˈræli ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ əˈnəðər ˈmæsɪv straɪk wɑz bruɪŋ ɪn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ. ˈfaɪnəli ɔn ðə əv meɪ 1919 ˈfæktəri ˈwərkərz wɛnt aʊt ɔn straɪk ɪn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ. ðɛr dɪˈmændz wər ðə seɪm ɛz ˈɔlˌweɪz ən eɪt aʊər wərk deɪ ənd ə 20 peɪ ˌɪnˈkris. boʊθ ðə ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ənd ðə saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ straɪks ˈlɪŋgərd ɔn wɛl ˈɪntu ʤun ənd ˌʤuˈlaɪ ənd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ gɪt ˈsɪriəs əˈbaʊt brəˈzɪlz groʊɪŋ ˈərbən ˈleɪbər ˈprɑbləm. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs taɪm ðə ˈkæθlɪk ʧərʧ dɪˈspleɪd wɪʧ saɪd ðeɪ wər ɔn. wən ˈkæθlɪk ˈsɛnər ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ bɛgd ðə ˈwərkərz tɪ bi ˈpisfəl ənd gɪv, ˌənriˈstrɪktɪd səˈpɔrt tɪ ɔl kənˈsərvətɪv ˈklæsɪz ɪn ðə ˈprɛzənt ˈimərʤənsi ənd (tɪ) dɪˈklɛr ðɛmˈsɛlvz æt ðə saɪd əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt fər ðə riˈprɛʃən əv". wɪθ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈfaɪnəli ˈfɔrsɪŋ ðə hænd əv ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəlɪsts ðə ˈstraɪkərz ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ənd ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ wən ən eɪt aʊər deɪ ənd ə 20 weɪʤ ˌɪnˈkris. ɪt wɑz ə ʃɔrt lɪvd ˈvɪktəri ɛz ðə treɪd ɔf fər ðə ˈʃɔrtər aʊərz ənd peɪ ˌɪnˈkris wɑz ðət ˈwərkərz hæd tɪ gɪv əp ðɛr ˈjunjənz. ən ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ˈsɛntroʊ də i də aldgodai*, wɑz sɛt əp tɪ ˈmidiˌeɪt ðə straɪks ðeɪ wər ə ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən əv hæf ˈwərkərz ənd hæf ɪmˈplɔɪərz, ðeɪ meɪd ðə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ drɔp ðə ˈjunjənz. ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ðə ˈwərkərz ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ lɔst ðə ˈjunjənz ðɛr nu ˈvɪktəriz frəm ðə straɪk sˈloʊli ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ ˈwɪðər əˈweɪ ənd ɪn səm əv ðə seɪm ˈfæktəriz ðət strək kənˈdɪʃənz rɪˈvərtɪd tɪ wɪˈθɪn ə jɪr. ðɪs wɑz ðə fərst taɪm ðət ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ lus ðɛr kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər. brəˈzɪl æt ðə seɪm taɪm wɑz ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈsɪriəs əˈbaʊt ðə ˈænərˌkɪst θrɛt ənd ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər əv 1919 brəˈzɪl saɪnd ə pækt wɪθ ˈjərəgˌweɪ, ˌɑrʤənˈtinə ənd ˈpɛrəgˌweɪ tɪ rɪd ðɛmˈsɛlvz əv ðɛr mˈjuʧuəl ˈænərˌkɪst ˈɛnəmiz. ðɪs wɑz ə dɪˈrɛkt rɪˈzəlt əv ən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈleɪbər ˈkɑŋgrəs ɪn 1919 ðət kɔld fər ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əv ðə saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl, ə ˈkɑnfərəns ðət brəˈzɪljən ˈdɛləˌgeɪt tʊk ən ˈæktɪv roʊl ɪn. ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ðə ərˈɛsts ənd ˌdipɔrˈteɪʃənz ˈstɑrtɪd. ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz ənd ðə ˈɔfəsɪz əv ˈænərˌkɪst lɛd ˈleɪbər ˈjunjənz wər træʃt, ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz wər ˈbitən ənd kɪld. ðə rɪˈbɛljəs ˈwərkərz əv ˈsæntoʊs tʊk ˈɪnstənt ˈækʃən. ɪn 1919 ˈstraɪkərz frəm ˈsæntoʊs wər ərˈɛstɪd ɛz pɑrt əv ðə riˈprɛʃən əv ˈleɪbər ækˈtɪvɪti. ˈlidərz æt ðə f.o.s.p*. kɔld fər ən ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ɔn ɑkˈtoʊbər 20 tɪ ˈproʊˌtɛst ðə ərˈɛsts əv ˈstraɪkərz ɪn ˈsæntoʊs. ˈoʊnli fɔr ˈfæktəriz tʊk pɑrt, ənd ðə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk wɑz ˈoʊvər ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt hæd ə ʧæns tɪ bɪˈgɪn ɪt wɑz kənˈsɪdərd ə kəmˈplit dɪˈzæstər fər ðə f.o.s.p*. ðə əˈmeɪzɪŋ ˈɪnstɪŋkts əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz ɪn 1917 wər ˈmɪsɪŋ naʊ ɛz ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈwərkərz wər nɑt ɪn ə ˈdɛspərɪt fud ˈʃɔrtɪʤ ənd wʊd nɑt raɪz əp ˈsoʊəli fər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈrizənz. ənˈfɔrʧənətli fər ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts ðə feɪld ˈsæntoʊs ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ˈstɑrtɪd ə sɛlf dɪˈstrəktɪŋ ˈpætərn fər ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈleɪbər ˈjunjənz. ðə ɪgˈzækt seɪm θɪŋ ˈhæpənd əˈgɛn wɪn ə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk wɑz kɔld ɪn 1920 fər ˈfæktəri ˈwərkərz ɪn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ ənd ðə ˈwərkərz dɪd nɑt əraɪz. ðɪs ˈpætərn əv feɪld ˈʤɛnərəl straɪks wʊd ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt kɔz əv ðə sloʊ dɪˈklaɪn əv ɪn brəˈzɪl. ˌɪnˈdəstriəl brəˈzɪl wɑz ˈgɪtɪŋ mɔr ˈkɔnsənˌtreɪtɪd. ɪn 1920 ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ aʊt əv ðə ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈwərkərz ˈleɪbərd ɪn ˈfæktəriz ɪmˈplɔɪɪŋ mɔr ðən 100 wərkt ɪn ˈfæktəriz ðət ɪmˈplɔɪd mɔr ðən ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən wɑz ˈsɪmələr ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ wər ɪn lɑrʤ ˈfæktəriz ɪmˈplɔɪərz hæd ˈgɔtən ˈbɛtər æt ˈspɑtɪŋ ˈæʤɪˌteɪtərz ənd riˈmuvɪŋ ðɛm ˌbiˈfɔr ˈtrəbəl ˈstɑrtɪd. æt ðə θərd brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈkɑŋgrəs ɪn 1920 ðə ˈkɑŋgrəs fɔrmd ðə du wɪʧ traɪd tɪ du əˈweɪ wɪθ ðə c.o.b*. æt ðɪs ˈkɑŋgrəs ðə ˈdɛləˌgeɪts ˈɔlsoʊ ˈvoʊtɪd juˈnænəməsli tɪ kənˈdɛm ən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈleɪbər ˈkɑŋgrəs ðət wɑz tɪ bi hɛld ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˌdiˈsi bɪˈkəz ðə ɪmˈplɔɪərz ənd ˈgəvərnmənts wər əˈlaʊd tɪ ʧuz ðə ˈdɛləˌgeɪts fər ðə ˈkɑŋgrəs. ðɪs ˈkɑŋgrəs ʃoʊd ə sloʊ dɪˈklaɪn ɪn ˈænərˌkɪst ˈsɛnəmənt ənd ðə groʊθ ɪn ðə ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti əv ˈkɑmjəˌnɪzəm. 1921 sɔ əˈnəðər feɪld ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ɪn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ wɛr ˈmærəˌtaɪm ˈwərkərz wər ɔn straɪk. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz naʊ ɔl tu priˈpɛrd fər ðə ˈænərˌkɪst prɪˈdɪktəbəl ˈpætərn əv ˈstraɪkɪŋ ənd ˈjunjən ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzɪŋ. ˌbiˈfɔr ə ˈmuvmənt kʊd gɪt ˈstɑrtɪd ðeɪ wʊd stɛp ɪn ənd ərˈɛst ɔl ðə ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz ənd moʊst ˈɔfən dɪˈpɔrt ðɛm. ˈænərˌkɪst ækˈtɪvɪti sloʊd kənˈsɪdərəbli ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fər ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈrizənz. bɪˈkeɪm ə mɔr ˈkɔnsənˌtreɪtɪd ˈmuvmənt nɑt ˈriʧɪŋ ðə lɑrʤ ˈnəmbərz ɪt dɪd ˈərliər bət stɪl ˈkipɪŋ kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈjunjənz ɪf ˈdɪfərənt pɑrts əv brəˈzɪl. wən wɛl noʊn brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈlidər wɑz ˌhoʊˈzeɪ riˈgɛti, ə ˈwivər ənd ən ˈænərˌkɪst hu ˈfaʊndɪd ðə ˈtɛkˌstaɪlz ˈwərkərz' ˈjunjən ɔn ˈeɪprəl 14 1924 ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs taɪm ðə lus ˈneɪʧər əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən əˈlaʊd ðɪs ˈtɛkˌstaɪl ˈwərkərz' ˈjunjən tɪ bɪld taɪz tɪ ə ˈnəmbər əv kəmˈjunɪti ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. ðɪs keɪm ɪn ˈhɛlpfəl ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1924 wɪn ə grup əv ˈdɪsədɪnt ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈɔfɪsərz tʊk ˈoʊvər saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ɛz ə ku əˈgɛnst ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ɪn ˈrioʊ də ʤəˈnɛˌroʊ. ˈdʊrɪŋ ˌʤuˈlaɪ ðɪs ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ku ræn ðə ˈsɪti ənd kɛpt saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ɪn ə steɪt əv siʤ. wər dɛd ənd mɔr ˈwundɪd ɪn ˈbɑmɪŋ ənd ˈʃɛlɪŋ; əˈnəðər flɛd ˈɪntu ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər əraʊnd saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. ɪn ˌdɛspərˈeɪʃɪn, lɛd baɪ ˌhoʊˈzeɪ riˈgɛti, ˈpipəl frəm ɔl ˈoʊvər saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ˈreɪdɪd fud ˈwɛˌrhaʊzɪz ɪn brɑs ənd mooca*. ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts əˈgɛn ə sərʤ əv ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti fər ðɛr ˈlidərˌʃɪp ənd skɪlz ɪn dɪˈrɛkt ˈækʃənz ənd taɪmz əv ˈkraɪsəs. wəns ˈɔrdər wɑz rɪˈstɔrd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt bleɪmd məʧ əv ðə keɪɑs ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ɔn ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts. ðɪs wɑz kɔz fər ˈivɪn mɔr riˈprɛʃən ɛz ˈdəzənz əv ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz ənd ˈænərˌkɪsts nɑt əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈmuvmənt wər ˈbænɪʃt tɪ ˈrʊrəl ˈprɪzənz ənd ˈleɪbər ˈkɑləniz nɪr ðə frɛnʧ ˈgɪni ˈbɔrdər. 1925 sɔ mɔr ˈleɪbər lɔz pæst baɪ ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt. ðɪs nu lɔ traɪd tɪ ɛnˈfɔrs ə tu wik veɪˈkeɪʃən fər ˈwərkərz ənd pʊt daʊn ɔn ʧaɪld ˈleɪbər. ɛz ɪz ˈɔfən ðə keɪs wɪθ ˈleɪbər lɔz ə ˈkæzəm ɪgˈzɪst bɪtˈwin ðə lɔ ənd wət ɪz ɛnˈfɔrst. əˈnəðər ˈmeɪʤər ˈfæktər ɪn ðə dɪˈklaɪn əv ɪn brəˈzɪl wɑz ðət ðə ˈfoʊkɪs əv ˈænərˌkɪsts ˈʃɪftɪd frəm ˈleɪbər tɪ ˈəðər kənˈsərnz laɪk ˈfæˌʃɪzəm. ðə leɪt sɔ ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈmuvmənt ʃɪft əˈweɪ ðɛr ˈfoʊkɪs frəm ˈleɪbər ənd stɑrt tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ˈɪʃuz ðət wər ˈhɑrdər tɪ kənˈtroʊl ənd faɪt laɪk ðə ˈgloʊbəl raɪz ɪn ˈfæˌʃɪzəm ənd ðə groʊɪŋ ˈkɑmjənəst θrɛt. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst tˈwɛnti jɪrz əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ˈkɑmjənəst hæd ɪgˈzɪstəd ɪn brəˈzɪl bət ðɛr paʊər wɑz ˈmɑrʤənəl ɛz ðeɪ wər tu riˈmuvd frəm ðə ˈmæsɪz ənd tu əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən fər ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts. ɪn 1923 ɔl əv ðə ˈkɑmjənəsts ɪn ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkə ˈnəmbərd ˈoʊnli ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈfɔrmər ˈænərˌkɪst lɛd baɪ pərˈɛrə fɔrmd ðə pɑrˈtidoʊ du ˈbræsəl (pcb*) ɪn 1922 ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst ˈdɛkeɪd moʊst əv ðə ˈɛnərʤiz əv boʊθ ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ənd ˈkɑmjənəst ˈmuvmənts ɪn brəˈzɪl wɛnt tɪ dɪˈskrɛdətɪŋ iʧ ˈəðər. ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˈɪʃu əv dɪˈspjut ɪn brəˈzɪl ɛz wɛl ɛz bɪtˈwin ˈænərˌkɪst ənd ˈkɑmjənəsts ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə wərld wɑz ðə ˈjuzɪz əv fɔrs ənd əˈθɔrəti ɪn ðə ˈrəʃən ˌrɛvəˈluʃən. ˈænərˌkɪst ˈpeɪpərz laɪk ðə ˈfeɪməs ə wʊd prɪnt ˈɑrtɪkəlz baɪ ˈɛmə ˈgoʊldmən ənd ˌælɪgˈzændər ˈbərkmən, wɛl noʊn əˈmɛrɪkən ˈænərˌkɪsts hu hæd bɪn tɪ ˈrəʃə æt ðə ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən əv ˈlɛnɪn ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ðə ˌrɛvəˈluʃən. ðə ˈkɑmjənəsts wʊd prɪnt riˈvɛnʤ ˈɑrtɪkəlz baɪ ˈlɛnɪn dɪˈnaʊnsɪŋ ˈgoʊldmən ənd ˈbərkmən, ənd soʊ ɪn brəˈzɪl ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl lɛft ɪˈroʊdɪd wɪθ ˈbɪtər faɪts laɪk ðiz. ðə ˌaɪdiəˈlɑʤɪkəl dɪˈspjut pʊt ɔf ˈwərkərz frəm ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ðə ənd ɔl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ðɛr ˈmuvmənt lækt ðə səˈpɔrt əv ðə ˈwərkɪŋ klæs. ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts wər raɪt tɪ kənˈsərn ðɛmˈsɛlvz wɪθ ðə sprɛd əv ˈfæˌʃɪzəm bət ənˈfɔrʧənətli fər ðɛm ðeɪ lækt ðə paʊər tɪ du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ tɪ hɔlt ɪt. ˈfæˌʃɪzəm roʊz ɪn brəˈzɪl ʤɪst ɛz ɪt dɪd ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə wərld ɪn dɪˈrɛkt rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə ˈgloʊbəl dɪˈprɛʃən. brəˈzɪljən ˈnæʃənəˌlɪzəm wɑz əˈpɪrɪŋ ɪn ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz laɪk tɪ brəˈzɪljən ˈmuvmənt wɪʧ wɑz beɪst ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ənd ˈspətərd ðə ˈmɑtoʊ 'gɑd, ˈfɑðərˌlænd, ənd ˈfæməli'. ðə ʧeɪnʤ frəm ə ˈrædɪkəl ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən məˈʤɔrəti ɪn ˈpɑləˌtɪks ənd ˈleɪbər tɪ ən əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən məˈʤɔrəti wɑz ə sloʊ ˈprɔˌsɛs ðət tʊk ðə ɪnˈtaɪər tɪ sˈloʊli ənˈfoʊld. æt ðə seɪm taɪm ˈleɪbər wɑz ʃˈrɪŋkɪŋ ɪn paʊər ənd ˈɪnfluəns ən ˈigər ˌpɑləˈtɪʃən gəˈʧulioʊ gəˈʧulioʊ ˈvɑrgəs wɑz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə bɪd tɪ kəm tɪ paʊər. ɪn 1930 ˈjunjən ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp fər ɔl əv brəˈzɪl wɑz ˈoʊnli æt wɪθ ə ˈfrækʃən bɪˈlɔŋɪŋ tɪ ˈænərˌkɪst ənd ˈkɑmjənəsts ˈspɑnsərd ˈjunjənz. ɪn 1935 wən læst əˈtɛmpt æt juˈnaɪtɪŋ ðə ˈpɑrtiz əv ðə lɛft ɪn brəˈzɪl tʊk pleɪs. ðə ˌneɪˈsiənəl wɑz ˈfaʊndɪd ɪn 1935 ənd hæd fɔr mənθs əv ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl groʊθ ənˈtɪl ɪt wɑz bænd baɪ ðə ˈvɑrgəs ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən. ˈivɪn wɪθ ˈjunjəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər biɪŋ səʧ ə məˈnɔrəti ɪn ə ˈkəntri əv 30 ˈmɪljən ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz laɪk ˈvɑrgəs nu ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv kənˈtroʊlɪŋ ˈərbən brəˈzɪl. ðiz fju ˈwərkərz prəˈdust mɔr wɛlθ wɪθ ðɛr ˈleɪbər ðɛn ˈmɪljənz əv ˈrʊrəl brəˈzɪljənz. wən ˈkəmpəˌni ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ɪn 1932 peɪd mɔr ˈtæksɪz tɪ ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt ðət 15 əv brəˈzɪlz ˈrʊrəl steɪts. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz səˈpɔrtɪv əv ˈjunjənz ɪt kʊd kənˈtroʊl. wɪn kəˈtoʊlɪkə (ˈkæθlɪk ˈækʃən) wɑz ˈfaʊndɪd ɪn 1933 ɪt hæd ðə fʊl səˈpɔrt əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt. ðiz ˈkæθlɪk ˈækʃən grups wər səˈpɔrtɪd ɪn ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈdaɪəˌsizəz bət ˈnɛvər ˈrɪli ˈgæðərd ˈɛni ɪnˈθuziˌæzəm əˈməŋ ðə ˈʧərʧəz ˈhaɪˌrɑrki. əˈnəðər ˈkæθlɪk ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən neɪmd ðə ˈwərkərz ˈsərkəl traɪd tɪ ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ˈwərkərz bət meɪd ˈvɛri smɔl ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp ənd ɪt lækt ðə fʊl əˈpruvəl əv ðə ˈkæθlɪk ʧərʧ. ˈvɑrgəs keɪm tɪ paʊər ɪn 1930 ˈæftər hi dɪˈklɛrd ðət ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən hi hæd ʤɪst lɔst fər ˈprɛzɪdənt wɑz fɪkst. ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈæftər ˈteɪkɪŋ paʊər hi əˈtækt ðə brəˈzɪljən lɛft. ˈvɑrgəs kloʊzd daʊn ˈleɪbər ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz, ərˈɛstɪd 600 ˈleɪbər ˈlidərz ənd proʊˈhɪbətəd straɪks ənd ˈmitɪŋz ənd ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃənz. θruaʊt hɪz taɪm ɪn ˈɔfəs ˈvɑrgəs hæd ə pərˈɛniəl fɪr əv ðə ɪn brəˈzɪl ɛz ðeɪ wər ɪn ˈkɑnstənt ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ˈmɔˌskaʊ. ˈvɑrgəs juzd ðɪs ɛz ən ɪkˈskjuz tɪ riˈstrɪkt ˈfɔrən ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪps ɪn ˈjunjənz ənd tɪ dɪˈnaʊns ˈkɑmjəˌnɪzəm ɛz ə 'ɪgˈzɑtɪk ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤi' ənd ə ˈdɔktərɪn'. ðɪs fɪr ənˈfoʊldəd ənd ɔn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 31 1931 ˈvɑrgəs ˈɔrdərd ɔl ˈkɑmjənəsts ərˈɛstɪd ənd ðɛr ˈprɑpərti sizd. ˈænərˌkɪsts wər lɛs əv ə θrɛt ɛz ðeɪ hæd noʊ ˈnæʃənəl paʊər bɪˈhaɪnd ðɛm ɛz ðə ˈmɔˌskaʊ bækt ðə. ˈnoʊvə (nu steɪt) wɑz ðə ˈproʊˌgræm ˈvɑrgəs ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd wɪn hi ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ə kəmˈplit teɪk ˈoʊvər əv ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt ɪn 1937 bət ɪn ˌriˈæləˌti ɪt wɑz ə sloʊ ˈprɑˌgrɛs ənd nɑt ən rɪˈbɛljən. ðə ˌjunjənəˈzeɪʃən lɔ əv mɑrʧ, 19 1931 ər dɪˈkri ˈligəˌlaɪzd treɪd ˈjunjənz bət prəˈvaɪdɪd ˈtjutɪlɪʤ fər ðə ˈjunjənz. ˈvɑrgəs, ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈjunjənz ɪn ðə seɪm weɪ ðə ˌmusoʊˈlini ɪn ˈɪtəli hæd dɛlt wɪθ hɪz ˈænərˌkɪst ənd ˈkɑmjənəsts baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈjunjənz ðɛr ˈligəl ənd kənˈtroʊlɪŋ ðɛm. baɪ 1934 ðə ˈmɪnɪstri əv ˈleɪbər wɑz səˈpoʊz tɪ əˈtɛnd ɔl ˈjunjən ˈmitɪŋ tɪ ˈmɑnətər ðɛm; ənd ðə steɪt ˈoʊnli ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd wən ˈjunjən fər ˈɛvəri ˈɪndəstri əv ˈwərkərz. ˈfaɪnəli ɔn sɛpˈtɛmbər 30 1937 ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈɑrmi kleɪmd ðeɪ dɪˈskəvərd ə 'koʊən plæn' fər ə ˈkɑmjənəst ˌrɛvəˈluʃən ɪn brəˈzɪl. riˈækʃən wɑz tɪ ˈkænsəl ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən ənd wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kəmˈplit hɪz teɪk ˈoʊvər əv brəˈzɪl. ɔn noʊˈvɛmbər 10 1937 ˈvɑrgəs əˈfɪʃəli əˈnaʊnst ˈnoʊvoʊ ə nu ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən beɪst ɔn ˈkɔrpərətɪst ənd ˈfæʃɪst aɪˈdiəz. ðə ˈvɑrgəs ˈgəvərnmənt dɪˈzɑlvd ˈnæʃənəl, steɪt ənd ˈsɪti ˈkaʊnsɪlz ənd bænd ˈɛni θɪŋ kloʊz tɪ ˈjunjən ækˈtɪvɪti ɛz ənd ˈhɑrmfəl'. ˈnoʊvoʊ wɑz nɑt ə kwɪk dɪˈvɛləpmənt bət ə lɔŋ ˈgræʤuəl ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪn wɪʧ ˈvɑrgəs wɑz ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ˌɪnˌdəstriəlɪˈzeɪʃən ənd ˈpruvɪŋ tɪ ˈmeɪʤər əˈmɛrɪkən ˌɪnˈvɛstərz laɪk ˈstændərd ɔɪl ənd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts stil ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən ðət brəˈzɪl wɑz ə ˈsteɪbəl pleɪs. ðɪs ˈtruli wɑz ə ˈfæʃɪst ˈteɪˌkoʊvər əv brəˈzɪl ɛz ˈɪtəli ənd ˈʤərməni kənˈgræʧəˌleɪtɪd ˈvɑrgəs ɔn hɪz səkˈsɛs ənd ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs əv brəˈzɪlz nu ˈlidər wɛr ˈmænˌdeɪtɪd ɪn ɔl ˈpəblɪk ˈpleɪsɪz. ˈænərˌkɪsts ɪn brəˈzɪl naʊ hæd tɪ ˈstrəgəl fər brɛθ. ðɛr ˈdeɪli ˈmɪʃən wɑz ˈsɪmpli tɪ meɪnˈteɪn ðɛr ˈfridəm ənd kip ðɛr ˈpæʃənət ˈstrəgəl əˈlaɪv. ˈmɛni ə ˈʤeɪdɪd ˈænərˌkɪst ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ liv brəˈzɪl laɪk, hu lɛft tɪ faɪt ɪn ðə ˈmæsɪv ˈænərˌkɪst ˌrɛvəˈluʃən ɪn speɪn. kɛpt ɔn ˈfaɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈjʊrəp ʤɪst ɛz hi spɛnt ə ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm prəˈmoʊtɪŋ ðə ˈænərˌkɪst kɔz ɪn brəˈzɪl, hi wɑz ˈfaɪnəli ʃɑt tɪ dɛθ baɪ ðə ˈʤərmənz ɛz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˌɪˈtæljən rɪˈzɪstəns ɪn 1944 ɪn ə spæn əv ˈfɔrti jɪrz ɪn brəˈzɪl hæd kəm fʊl ˈsərkəl. wət hæd ˈstɑrtɪd aʊt ɛz ə smɔl ˈmuvmənt əv ˈænərˌkɪsts hu tʊk ən ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ˈɛndɪd əp ʤɪst ɛz ɪt hæd ˈstɑrtɪd: ə smɔl dɪˈtərmənd ˌsɛgˈmɛnt əv brəˈzɪlz ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən. ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ɪn brəˈzɪl bɪˈkəz ɪt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ðə pəˈzɪʃən əv ə hoʊl ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən əv brəˈzɪljən ˈɪməgrənts. ɪt dɪˈspleɪd θru drəˈmætɪk ɪˈvɛnts laɪk ðə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪks əv 1917 ðət brəˈzɪlz ˈwərkɪŋ klæs hæd ðə kəˈpæsɪti tɪ ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ðɛmˈsɛlvz wɪˈθaʊt koʊəˈrʃən, wɪˈθaʊt əˈθɔrəti, ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv ðə ˈkæpətəlɪst ˈsɪstəm. ðə feɪld rɪˈvoʊlt əv 1918 ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt bɪˈkəz ɪf ɪt səkˈsidɪd (ɪf ˈoʊnli fər ə ʃɔrt waɪl) ɪt wʊd hæv bɪn ðə ˈpɛrɪs ˈkɑmjun ər ˈspænɪʃ ˈsɪvəl wɔr əv saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə. æt ðət pɔɪnt ɪn 1918 ðə ˈwərkɪŋ klæs ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən əv brəˈzɪl hæd noʊ ləv əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ər ðə ɪmˈplɔɪərz ənd ˈraɪdɪŋ ðə səkˈsɛs əv 1917 ðə ˈænərˌkɪsts maɪt hæv ˈteɪkən paʊər. ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ðə əˈtɛmptəd rɪˈvoʊlt əv 1918 wɑz ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl riˈprɛʃən ðət dɪˈpɔrtəd moʊst əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈlidərˌʃɪp əv ðə ˈjunjənz. ðə rɪˈzəlt əv jɪrz əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl riˈprɛʃən ɪz ə ˈmuvmənt ɪn 1919 ðət wɑz ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈmɛni əv ðə ki pleɪərz ɪn ðə 1917 ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk. ðə feɪld ˈʤɛnərəl straɪks ɪn 1919 ˈsɪgnəld ðə ɛnd əv ˈmæsɪv ˈjunjənz ənd ðə stɑrt əv ə mɔr riˈprɛsɪv pəˈlɪtɪkəl steɪt ɪn brəˈzɪl. ˈpæʃənət brəˈzɪl ɪkˈspɪriənst ðə fʊl ˈspɛktrəm əv ˈmɑdərn pəˈlɪtɪkəl dɪˈvərsɪti ɪn ðə fərst fɔr ˈdɛkeɪdz əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri. ðə sæd rɪˈzəlt əv wən əv saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkəz ˈgreɪtəst ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər əˈʧivmənts wɑz ðə raɪz ˈfæˌʃɪzəm ɪn brəˈzɪl ənd ðə rul əv ˈvɑrgəs. ɪn 1999 ɪz əˈlaɪv ɪn brəˈzɪl. ðə c.o.b*. stɪl kips ən ˈæktɪv vɔɪs ɪn ˈnæʃənəl ənd ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈpɑləˌtɪks. ðə riˈbərθ wɑz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ðə ˈmæsɪv ˈwaɪldˌkæt straɪks ɔn ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈwɔtərˌfrənt ɪn ðə mid-1980s*. ɪn 1988 ðə c.o.b*. əˈlaɪnd ˌɪtˈsɛlf wɪθ ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən (iwa*). ðə təˈdeɪ ɪz ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən wɪθ ˈʧæptərz ɪn ˈmɛni ˈkəntriz ənd ðə brəˈzɪljən c.o.b*. pleɪz ən ˈæktɪv roʊl wɪˈθɪn ðət ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən. poʊəm baɪ ˈsɪlvioʊ də figɛˈreɪdoʊ ˈʤizəs kraɪst greɪt ˈænərˌkɪst! oʊ ˈpæləd ˈfɪgjər əv ə ˈrɛbəl hu, əˈməŋ ðə ˌɪnˈseɪn, dɛrd tɪ reɪz ˈɛvər ˈbɪgər ə ˈrɪŋɪŋ kraɪ əˈgɛnst sˈleɪvəri. hu, ɪn ˈkɑntræst tɪ ðə ˈroʊmən rɑt, əˈgɛnst ðə faʊl ˈɑpjələns əv ðə ˈɔrʤiz, drimd əv ə ˌjunəˈvərsəl rɪˈdɛmʃən. maɪ pur kraɪst, gʊd ˈmɑrtər səˈblaɪm, ðə krɔs ɪz nɑt rikˈwaɪərd tɪ rɪˈdim ðə ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən əv dɪˈspaɪzd pur, bət ðə ˈstrəgəl ɔn ðət ˈfaɪnəl ˈbætəl əˈməŋ ðə ʃaʊts əv jʊr ˈbrəðərz ɪn ðə faɪt ənd ðə ˈrəbəl əv ðə ˈrɛbəlz ɔn ðə ˈbɛrəˌkeɪdz.- ə fəˈlɑsəfi əv rɪˈzɪstəns tɪ, ənd ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm əv, ɔl ˈsteɪtɪst lɔz ənd əˌθɔrəˈtɛriəˌnɪzəm; ðə ˈθɪri ðət ɔl fɔrmz əv ˈgəvərnmənt rɛst ɔn ˈvaɪələns, ənd ər ˈðɛrˌfɔr rɔŋ ənd ˈhɑrmfəl, ɛz wɛl ɛz ənˈnɛsəˌsɛri. (fər ðə ˈrɛkərd ðə ˈænərˌkɪst əv brəˈzɪl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs taɪm wʊd nɑt əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt wɪθ ˈɛni fɔrm əv ˈvaɪələns). ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ noʊt ðət ɪn brəˈzɪl æt ðɪs taɪm nɑt ɔl ˈænərˌkɪsts wər səˈpɔrtərz əv ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt. səm ˈstrɔŋli ˈkrɪtəˌsaɪzd ðə ˈænərˌkɪst roʊl ɪn ˈleɪbər ˈjunjənz ɛz ənd nɑt ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri. ðɛr ər ə ˈnəmbər əv fɔrmz əv ðət ər ˈniðər ˈkɑmjənəst ər ɪn ˈneɪʧər. ɪn brəˈzɪl æt ðɪs taɪm ðə ˈoʊnli ˈəðər ˈfækʃənz wər ˌɪndɪvɪˈduəlɪst ənd mutualists*. ən ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ən wʊd bi mæks ɪn ˈʤərməni ər ˈhɛnri ˈdeɪvɪd θəroʊ ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə. ə ˈfeɪməs wʊd bi proudhon*.- ə ˈθɪri əv ɪˈkɑnəmi ðət ˈædvəˌkeɪts ˈjunjənz kənˈtroʊlɪŋ ðə minz əv pərˈdəkʃən ɪn ˈlusli kəˈnɛktɪd əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz. rɪˈfɔrm wər nɑt ˈnumərəs ɪn brəˈzɪl bət ðeɪ wər ɪn səm ˈkəntriz laɪk ˈɪtəli. ə rɪˈfɔrm wʊd ˈædvəˌkeɪt ðət ˈwərkərz teɪk ˈoʊvər ðə minz əv pərˈdəkʃən θru rɪˈfɔrm wɪˈθɪn ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsɪstəm. ˈsoʊʃəˌlɪzəm- ɪn ðɪs taɪm ənd ˈriʤən əv ðə wərld, ˈsoʊʃəˌlɪzəm wɑz juzd ɛz ə ˈkɑmən tərm fər ˈɛniˌwən hu əˈpoʊzd ˈkæpɪtəˌlɪzəm ənd traɪd tɪ ˈɔrgəˌnaɪz ə wərld wɪˈθaʊt ɪt. boʊθ ˈænərˌkɪsts ənd ˈkɑmjənəsts kənˈsɪdərd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈsoʊʃəlɪsts. ˈænərˌkɪsts wər nɑt rɪˈfɔrm ˈsoʊʃəlɪsts bət ˈrəðər 'ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən ˈsoʊʃəlɪsts', wɪʧ ɪz ə tərm stɪl juzd təˈdeɪ baɪ səm ˈfækʃənz əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈmuvmənt. ˈkɑmjəˌnɪzəm- ˈkɑmjənəsts wər ˈpɑrti ˈsoʊʃəlɪsts hu bækt ənd əˈθɔrəˌteɪtɪv ˈsoʊʃəlɪst ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz. ɪn brəˈzɪl ˈkɑmjənəsts wər ˈkloʊsli kəˈnɛktɪd wɪθ ðə ussr*, ənd ˈfɑloʊd ə ˈsɪmələr pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈʤɛndə.- ɪz ðə ˈvɪʒən əv ə ˈwərkər kənˈtroʊld ɪˈkɑnəmi fri frəm ðə əˈθɔrəti əv ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ðə ˈrulɪŋ klæs. ɪz ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd əˈlɔŋ ˈɪndəstri ˈrəðər ðən baɪ treɪd. meɪnˈteɪnz ðət ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ənd ˈsoʊʃəl məˈnɑpəliz məst bi ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ fri, ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃənz əv ˈægrɪˌkəlʧər ənd ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈwərkərz juˈnaɪtɪd ɪn ə ˈsɪstəm əv ˈkaʊnsɪlz. anarcho-communism*- ˌɔlˈðoʊ rɛr ɪn brəˈzɪl, ˈædvəˌkeɪt ə dɪˈrɛkt pæθ tɪ ðə pjʊr ˈkɑmjəˌnɪzəm æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈkɑmjənəst ˌrɛvəˈluʃən. ðə ˈkɑmjənəsts ˈædvəˌkeɪt ə ˈkɑmjənəst steɪt wɛr ɪn ˈθɪri, ə ˈkɑmjənəst ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ dɪˈstrɔɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf ənd sˈloʊli ˈiroʊd əˈweɪ ənd dɪˈzɑlv. ˈædvəˌkeɪts dɪsəˈgri wɪθ ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈkɑmjənəst kleɪm ðət ə strɔŋ ˈkɑmjənəsts steɪt ɪz ˈnidɪd, ðeɪ ˈædvəˌkeɪt ə dɪˈrɛkt pæθ tɪ ðə pjʊr ˈkɑmjəˌnɪzəm ðət mɑrks spoʊk əv. tɪ ˈsəmərˌaɪz ðeɪ əˈgri wɪθ ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈkɑmjənəsts ɔn ðə ɛnd rɪˈzəlt əv ə ˈkɑmjənəst ˌrɛvəˈluʃən ðeɪ ʤɪst dɪsəˈgri ɔn ðə ˈmɛθədz juzd tɪ əˈʧiv ðoʊz ɛndz. ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk- wən əv ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tulz ɪn ðə ˌrɛvəˈluʃən. ðə ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ɪz juzd tɪ hɔlt ˈɪndəstri ənd ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi waɪl ðə trænˈzɪʃən tɪ ə ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən ənd ˈsoʊʃəlɪst ɪˈkɑnəmi kʊd bi sɛt əp. ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən- ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən wɑz səˈnɑnəməs wɪθ. ðɪs wərd ɪz juzd ɪn ðə ˈænərˌkɪst sɛns ənd həz noʊ kəˈnɛkʃən tɪ ðə ˈbʊrʒwɑ ˈlɛˌzeɪ fɛr ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən ˈpɑrti əv ˈmɑdərn taɪmz ənd ðɛr ˈkæpətəlɪst əˈʤɛndə. dɪˈrɛkt ˈækʃən- ɛz əˈpoʊzd tɪ ðə ˈlɛŋθi ˈprɔˌsɛs əv kənˈvɛnʃənəl pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈækʃən, dɪˈrɛkt ˈækʃən prəˈmoʊts ˈækʃən wɪˈθaʊt ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns. skæb- ə skæb ɪz ˈsəmˌwən hu ˈkrɔsɪz ə ˈpɪkɪt laɪn ənd rɪˈpleɪsɪz ðə ˈleɪbər əv ˈwərkərz ɔn straɪk. ˈælbə, ˈvɪktər. ˈpɑləˌtɪks ənd ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ɪn ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkə ˈstænfərd, ˌkælɪˈfɔrnjən: ˈstænfərd ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs, 1968 ðɪs ɪz ə ˈmæsɪv wərk ɔn ðə ˈpɑləˌtɪks əv ˈleɪbər ɪn saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə. ðɪs bʊk kənˈteɪnz ˈɛksələnt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkən ənd həz ə ˈʧæptər ɔn ɪn brəˈzɪl. arvich*, pɔl. ˈænərˌkɪst ˈpɔrtrəts. ˈprɪnstən, nu ˈʤərzi: ˈprɪnstən ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs, 1988 pɔl ɪz ˈfɔrˌmoʊst ˈɛkspərt ɔn ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə. ðɪs bʊk kənˈteɪnz ə ˈʧæptər ðət ˈaʊˌtlaɪnz ˈʤɛnərəl ˈænərˌkɪst ækˈtɪvɪti ɪn brəˈzɪl. bookchin*, ˈməri. ðə ˈspænɪʃ ˈænərˌkɪsts: ðə hɪˈroʊɪk jɪrz sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ, ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, prɛs, 1998 ˈməri ˈhɪstəri əv ðə ˈspænɪʃ ˈsɪvəl wɔr prəˈvaɪdɪd səm ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən fər kəmˈpɛrəsənz bɪtˈwin ɪn brəˈzɪl ənd speɪn ɛz wɛl ɛz ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈfeɪməs ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtər ˈfrænsɪs ˈfɛrər. ˈbətlər, kɪm di. ˈfridəmz ˈgɪvɪn ˈfridəmz wən: ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ənd ˈsælvəˌdɔr. nu ˈbrənzwɪk, nu ˈʤərzi: ˈrətgərz ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs, 1998 ðɪs wərk prəˈvaɪdɪd fər ðə ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv ˈkɑnflɪkt bɪtˈwin ənd brəˈzɪljən ˈɪməgrənt ˈwərkərz. ˈʧɪlˌkoʊt, ˈrɑnəld eɪʧ. brəˈzɪl ənd ɪts ˈrædɪkəl lɛft: ən ˌænəˈteɪtɪd ˌbɪbliˈɑgrəfi ɔn ðə ˈkɑmjənəst ˈmuvmənt ənd ðə raɪz əv ˈmɑrksɪzəm, mildwood*, nu jɔrk: kraʊs ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ðɪs ɪz ə ˈmeɪnli ə ˈrɛfərəns bʊk bət ɪts ˌɪntrəˈdəktəri ˈɛˌseɪ prəˈvaɪdɪd səm ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən fər ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt. dolgoff*, sæm. ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri ˈjunjəˌnɪzəm ɪn brəˈzɪl təˈdeɪ: ðə kɑb ˌlɪˌbərˈtɛˌriən ˈleɪbər ˌrivˈju. 6 ˈwɪntər 1989 ðɪs ɪz ən ˈɪntərvˌju əv ˌliəˈnɑrdoʊ mɔˈrɛli əv ðə ˈprɛzənt deɪ kɑb. ðə ˈɪntərvˌju wɑz kənˈdəktəd baɪ ðə frɛnʧ ˈænərˌkɪst ˈwikli lə ˈmɑndoʊ ənd trænzˈleɪtəd baɪ sæm dolgoff*. ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪn ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl wɑz ˈoʊnli juzd tɪ ˈsəmərˌaɪz ðə kənˈkluʒən əv ðə ˈpeɪpər. ˈdələs, ʤɑn ˈdəbəlju. ɛf. ˈænərˌkɪsts ənd ˈkɑmjənəsts ɪn brəˈzɪl, ˈɔstən, ˈtɛksəs: ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈtɛksəs prɛs, 1973 ʤɑn ˈdələs ɪz wən əv ˈlidɪŋ brəˈzɪljən hɪˈstɔriənz ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə. ðɪs wərk sərvz ɛz wən əv ðə meɪn ˈsɔrsəz fər ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt. ˈdələs, ʤɑn w.f*. ˈvɑrgəs əv brəˈzɪl: ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl baɪˈɑgrəfi. ˈɔstən, ˈtɛksəs: ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈtɛksəs prɛs, 1967 ðɪs baɪˈɑgrəfi əv ˈvɑrgəs wɑz juzd ɛz ə sɔrs fər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ˈnoʊvoʊ wɪʧ ɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈɛləmənt ɪn ðɪs ˈpeɪpər. ˈfɔstoʊ, ˈbɔrɪs. ə kənˈsaɪs ˈhɪstəri əv brəˈzɪl. nu jɔrk: ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs, 1999 ðɪs ˈsərˌveɪ əv brəˈzɪl wɑz juzd fər ˈbækˌgraʊnd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ˈʤɛnərəl brəˈzɪljən ˈhɪstəri. frɛnʧ, ʤɑn di. ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈwərkərz' ˈeɪˌbiˌsi: klæs ˈkɑnflɪkt ənd əˈlaɪənsɪz ɪn ˈmɑdərn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. ˈʧæpəl hɪl, nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə: ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə prɛs, 1992 ðə ˈɛriə dɪˈrɛkli əraʊnd saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ənd ɪts ˈleɪbər ˈhɪstəri wɑz ðə θim fər ðɪs bʊk. ðɪs dɪˈteɪld wərk prəˈvaɪdɪd məʧ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðət rɪˈleɪtɪd dɪˈrɛkli tɪ saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ ənd ɪts ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt. ˈgɔrdən, ˈɛrɪk ˈɑrθər. ɪn brəˈzɪl: ˈθɪri ənd ˈpræktɪs, ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən. tuˈleɪn ˌjunəˈvərsəti, 1978 ðɪs ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən wɑz wən əv ðə meɪn ˈsɔrsəz fər ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt. ðɪs kənˈsaɪs ˈhɪstəri əv brəˈzɪljən prəˈvaɪdɪd məʧ əv ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ðət ɪz nɑt dɪˈrɛkli rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ. hɔl, ˈmaɪkəl məkˈdɑnəld. ðə ˈɔrəʤɪnz əv mæs ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ɪn brəˈzɪl, ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən: kəˈləmbiə ˌjunəˈvərsəti, 1969 ðɪs ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən wɑz ˈoʊnli ˈsaɪtɪd wəns ɪn ðə fɔrm əv ə stəˈtɪstɪk. ˈhərmən, ˈdɑnəld ɛl. ðə ˈkɑmjənəst taɪd ɪn ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkə: ə səˈlɛktɪd ˈtritmənt. ˈɔstən ˈtɛksəs: ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈtɛksəs, 1973 ˈoʊnli ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðət rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkɑmjəˌnɪzəm ənd brəˈzɪl wɑz səˈlɛktɪd frəm ðɪs bʊk. ɪt ɪz nɑt ə meɪn sɔrs. howowitz*, ˈərvɪŋ luɪs. ˌrɛvəˈluʃən ɪn brəˈzɪl: ˈpɑləˌtɪks ənd soʊˈsaɪɪti ɪn ə dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˈneɪʃən. nu jɔrk: e.p*. ˈdətən koʊ., ɪŋk., 1964 ðə θim əv ðɪs bʊk wɑz ˌrɛvəˈluʃənz ənd ˈkɑnflɪkts ɪn ˈsɛnʧəri brəˈzɪl nət ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəktəri ˈɛˌseɪ prəˈvaɪdɪd səm ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən fər ðɪs ˈpeɪpər. ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈwərkərz əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən. ˈprɪnsəpəlz əv ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri." ˌrivˈju. ˈnəmbər 25 pg*., 2 1999 ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈoʊnli kənˈtrɪbjutɪd tɪ ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ɪn ðə ˈglɔsəri ˈsɛkʃən əv ðə ˈpeɪpər. kadt*, ɪˈmænjuəl də. ˈkæθlɪk ˈrædɪkəlz ɪn brəˈzɪl. ˈləndən: ˈɑksfərd ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs, 1970 ðɪs bʊk prəˈvaɪdɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ˈkæθlɪk ˈwərkər grups ɪn brəˈzɪl ɛz wɛl ɛz ə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈhɪstəri əv brəˈzɪl. lɛˈvin, ˈrɑbərt ɛm. ˈfɑðər əv ðə pur? ˈvɑrgəs ənd hɪz ˈɪrə. nu jɔrk: ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs, 1998 mɔr ˈditeɪlz əˈbaʊt ˈvɑrgəs' raɪz tɪ paʊər ənd brəˈzɪl ɪn ðə., ˈʃɛldən ɛl. ˈleɪbər ənd ðə lɛft ɪn brəˈzɪl, ə ˈmuvmənt əˈbɔrtɪd." hɪˈspænɪk əˈmɛrɪkən hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˌrivˈju. 1977 ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl prəˈvaɪdz ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən nɑt ɪn ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən., ˈʃɛldən ɛl. ˈænərˌkɪsts, ˈɪməgrənts, ənd ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt, ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən: ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ˈsænə ˈbɑrbərə, 1972 ðɪs ɪz ðə bʊk ðət ɪz ˈsaɪtɪd ðə moʊst ɪn ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt. ðɪs bʊk spəˈsɪfɪkli ˈditeɪlz ðə roʊl əv ɪn ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt. ˈskɪdmɔr, ˈtɑməs i. ˈwərkərz ənd ˈsoʊlʤərz: ˈərbən ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənts ənd ɪˈlit rɪˈspɑns ɪn leɪn əˈmɛrɪkə." ɪˈlits, ˈmæsɪz, ənd ˌmɑdərnəˈzeɪʃən ɪn ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkə ˈɔstən ˈtɛksəs: ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈtɛksəs prɛs, 1979 ˈskɪdmɔr, laɪk ˈdələs ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər brəˈzɪljən hɪˈstɔriən ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə. ðɪs ˈɛˌseɪ dilz dɪˈrɛkli wɪθ ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ɪn brəˈzɪl ənd ˈɔfən rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈɪnfluəns ɔn ˈleɪbər. ˈskɪdmɔr, ˈtɑməs i. brəˈzɪl faɪv ˈsɛnʧəriz əv ʧeɪnʤ. nu jɔrk: ˈɑksfərd ˌjunəˈvərsəti prɛs, 1999 ə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈhɪstəri əv brəˈzɪl wɪʧ wɑz juzd ɪn ðɪs rɪˈpɔrt tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈbækˌgraʊnd tɪ ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ɪn brəˈzɪl. ˈsaɪmən, ˈfæni ɛs. ənd ɪn saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə." hɪˈspænɪk əˈmɛrɪkən hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˌrivˈju. ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1946 ə ˈvɛri ˈsərˌveɪ əv ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkən wɪθ ˈoʊnli ə ˈsɛkʃən ɔn brəˈzɪl. ˈspɔldɪŋ, ˈhoʊˌbɑrt ə. jr*. ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər ɪn ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkə: hɪˈstɔrɪkəl keɪs ˈstədiz əv ˈərbən ˈwərkərz ɪn dɪˈpɛndənt səˈsaɪɪtiz. nu jɔrk: ˈhɑrpər torchbooks*, 1977 ə hɪˈstɔrɪkəl wərk ðət ˈfoʊkɪsɪz ɔn ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈleɪbərz ɪn ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd ˈleɪbər. ðɪs bʊk prəˈvaɪdɪd ˈvɛri fju ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv ðə ˈænərˌkɪst ˈɪnfluəns ɔn brəˈzɪljən ˈleɪbər, bət dɪd prəˈvaɪd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt boʊθ ˈtɑpɪks ˈsɛpərətli. troʊnˈkoʊsoʊ, bɛn ʤi. bərˈnɛt. ðə raɪz əv ðə ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkən ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt. nu jɔrk: ˈbʊkmən əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪts, 1960 ə brɔd ˈsərˌveɪ əv ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkən ˈleɪbər wɪθ ˈoʊnli ə smɔl ˈsɛkʃən ɔn brəˈzɪl. wʊlf, ʤɑn. ˈænərˌkɪst ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤi, ˈwərkər ˈpræktɪs: ðə 1917 ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ənd ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əv saʊ ˈwərkɪŋ klæs. hɪˈspænɪk əˈmɛrɪkən hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˌrivˈju 1991 ə ˈvɛri əˈpɪnjəˌneɪtɪd ənd dɪˈteɪld ˈɑrtɪkəl ðət ˈfoʊkɪsɪz ɔn ðə roʊl ɔn ˈwɪmən ɪn ðə 1917 ˈʤɛnərəl straɪk ɪn saʊ ˈpɔˌloʊ. ʤɑn wʊlf meɪks ə ˈvɛri klɪr stænd əˈgɛnst roʊˈmæntəˌsaɪzɪŋ ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈænərˌkɪsts ənd ˈhoʊldɪŋ ðoʊz ˈænərˌkɪsts tɪ ˈmɑdərn ˈænərˌkɪst ˈmɔrəl ˈstændərdz (pəˈzɪʃənz səʧ ɛz ˈsɛksɪzəm ənd ˈreɪˌsɪzəm). hɪz ˈθiˌsɪs ɪz əˈtækt baɪ ʤɑn di. frɛnʧ ɪn ə rɪˈspɑns ɪn ðə seɪm ˈɪʃu əv ðə hɪˈspænɪk əˈmɛrɪkən hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˌrivˈju. ˈwʊdˌwərθ, frɛd. "ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv". ðə mæʧ, ˈnəmbər 94 1999 ðɪs sɔrs wɑz juzd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə klɪr ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv fər ðə ˈglɔsəri. ˈrɪtən ɪn 1999 ə lɑrʤ ˈnəmbər əv kərˈɛkʃənz fər ˈspɛlɪŋ ənd ˈgræmər hæv bɪn meɪd baɪ libcom.org*.
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emily september 18, 2015
since i last checked in with curiosity, the rover has been steadily driving southward, heading fairly directly toward the dune field. when curiosity left pass on sol 1072, they had one piece of unfinished business: drilling into the sandstone of the stimson unit that tops the of the murray formation. since stimson sandstone forms exposed bedrock everywhere that curiosity planned to drive over the next several hundred meters, they figured it wouldn't be very hard to find a good spot to drill. but as they have driven along, they've driven into puzzles, making it harder than anticipated to select the right spot where drilling can answer their questions.
so the story this month has mostly been one of driving. now on top of the stimson unit, path is taking her across a rhythmic set of ridges, each roughly a meter high and spaced meters apart, that earned this terrain the nickname "washboard unit" when seen from orbit. here is a look at the recent traverse map, which makes that topography very clear.
a wide view of traverse on a base map. not every drive sol is shown -- just enough to pick out the route. at full resolution it is 1 meter per pixel. north is about degrees to the left of up. the red line on the map is the "safe transit route" announced by around sol 668, designed to preserve rover wheels by crossing benign terrain. more formats: left stereo | right stereo | flicker
this unit makes for challenging driving for a number of reasons. have a look at the view forward on sol 1083:
i have personally been apprehensive about this stage of mission ever since writing my long on wheel damage more than a year ago. the terrain that curiosity is driving on now was identified from orbital missions as being of the potentially variety. so i have been examining wheel images very closely and i'm pleased to report that, at least to my eye, there is no acceleration in wheel damage now that curiosity is driving on a plateau.
curiosity performed a complete survey of all wheels on sol 1046 with the camera on the end of the arm. the damage to the wheels has changed only slightly since sol 708.
comparing wheel images taken on 708, 962, and 1046, there are only slight changes, and i see no (treads) in trouble. this composite looks at wheel, the one.
that being said, there has been no imaging set in the last 450 meters, which includes most of the stimson driving, so i'll still be examining the next full set of wheel images closely. (they usually perform a full set of wheel images once every 500 meters.)
another reason the driving is difficult is because the rhythmic ridges that make up the "washboard" limit the rover planners' forward view of the terrain to a few tens of meters. even if it weren't for the limited viewsheds, in this potentially terrain, they want to be able to see and steer around every rock. so each drive day has been taking them only 10 to 40 meters or so southward. still, progress is progress, and they're making it, drive sol by drive sol.
as they work southward, they're looking for a good drill site. but, project scientist told me, they've been distracted by a new feature type that they haven't seen before. whereas the murray formation had very thin, very distinct fractures filled with bright calcium sulfate veins, the stimson unit has something different. here's a reminder of what the murray formation veins look like:
curiosity took the photos for this panorama on sol 950 (april 9, 2015). curiosity had recently departed the area called garden city and took several panoramic views of lining "artists' drive," the path to the west of garden city and hills.
the stimson unit also has fractures, but they are spaced much wider apart. they also don't seem to have those distinct calcium sulfate fills. the weirdest thing about them is that they are surrounded by bright that spread into the stimson rock itself, and they mark zones where the stimson unit erodes more easily than elsewhere. here are a few snapshots of these along recent trek:
as curiosity drove across the stimson unit, the rover repeatedly encountered fractures in the rock that were surrounded by bright of unknown cause. the photos were taken on sol 1083 (top left), 1087 (top right), 1093 (lower left), and 1094) lower right) by the.
what are these? is it a deposit of mineral material in the pores of the stimson unit? is it a place where the stimson has been bleached? has something been leached away? or is it just a zone where one mineral has been altered into another? so far, says, there are a lot more questions than there are answers.
so they are looking for a good place to drill, but one of their challenges is that they want to find a location where the stratigraphic relationship between the underlying murray formation and the overlying stimson unit is clear. that way, they'll know where in the stimson unit they're drilling. it's not been easy to find such a location that is also good for drilling. as of sol 1106 they had a decent view of the contact, and were trying to identify a good place to drill along the path south. so my next report in a few weeks will hopefully concern drilling into the stimson. perhaps they'll even find a location where they can drill into one of those.
i thought this would be a good time to zoom out and take stock of traverse to date. i made a new overview map, showing the entire route. i've called out the drill locations in white dots and bold text. you can see how the amount of drilling activity has dramatically increased since their announced arrival at the base of mount sharp around sol 740.
once they have drilled the stimson, the next stop is the dunefield, told me. this is rather exciting because the very first dune that curiosity will encounter is one that has actually been observed to move over time. here is a comparison of two images taken by in 2008 and 2014. the ripples on top of the dune are moving from north to south, and the dune itself is also moving southward, more slowly. this will be the first time that a mars rover has visited a dune that is known to be active. (i'll let lori fenton explain the difference between dunes and ripples to you.)
this animation consists of two images of a single dune within the dune field that lies north of mount sharp within gale crater. one was taken on august 22, 2008, the other on april 16, 2014. in the time separating the two images, ripples have moved southward up the sloping back of the dune, and the entire dune has shifted southward very slightly. some of the apparent changes in the image are due to the slightly different angles from which looked at the scene.
after encountering this dune, curiosity will skirt the dune field on a westward path, driving up and over another segment of stimson unit. then the rover will drop down again, finally beginning to cross the dune field from north to south across a relatively area between the murray and the dunes. the dunes and the are going to make for some dramatic views ahead.
to whet your appetite, here is another image that covers the area of the dune field that curiosity has to cross. it's an area where the sand is thin, exposing bedrock; hopefully the traverse will not be too hard.
a wide view of future traverse. at full resolution it is 1 meter per pixel. north is about 7 degrees to the left of up. murray are at the left of the image, and the dark swath is the dune field. route is based on mapping by phil stooke. more formats: left stereo | right stereo | flicker
and finally, here's a view of the path ahead. it's quite a lovely place to be.
curiosity took the images for this panoramic view of mount sharp on sol 1100 (september 10, 2015). ahead to the right are the sand dunes of the dune field. path will take it to the right side of those dunes, then across a gap in the dune field below the murray (not visible here) before it begins to rise higher onto the mountain.
as usual, here are the detailed updates from the astrogeology blog covering this period.
sols update by ryan anderson: time for sam! (14 august 2015)
we had another successful drive on sol 1074, putting us in a good position for the weekend! the main activity for the weekend is using the sample analysis at mars (sam) instrument to analyze some of the recent drill sample that we collected. sam activities will take up all of sol 1075. on sol 1076, we will use to check on the health of our wheels, and sam will do its evolved gas analysis (ega) measurement on the sample.
on sol 1077 we have lots of and activities. has a mosaic of an area called “fournier”, followed by observations of the targets “butler”, “evaro”, “coldwater”, and “alberton” and associated documentation images. also has an atmosphere monitoring observation of the horizon to the north.
later in the afternoon on sol 1077, has a calibration observation and has another observation of “alberton” to try to see textures highlighted by the lower sun angle. also has a couple more observations, watching for clouds and dust devils.
sols update by ken herkenhoff: back to restricted planning (17 august 2015)
i had an easy planning day as/mardi uplink lead today, because another drive is planned for sol 1078 with only the usual (stowed) and mardi (twilight) imaging. planning is restricted again (mars and earth time are out of sync), so we are planning two. before driving away from the current location, and will observe rock targets dubbed "huson" and "ignatius" and will image another rock called "hodown." after the drive, an overnight integration on the drill sample is planned, followed by atmospheric observations early on the morning of sol 1079. more atmospheric observations are planned later that sol, along with some calibration activities. i'm glad that we are making good progress toward mt. sharp!
sols update from ryan anderson: official new selfie! (19 august 2015)
we had another successful drive on 1079, going about 29 meters this time. the plan for is pretty similar to the previous plan: remote sensing and a drive on the first day, and science on the second day. on sol 1080, has observations of the targets “red lodge”, “mowry”, and “rosebud”, with accompanying images. will also take a stereo mosaic of a cliff dubbed “judith river”. after the drive, we have our standard imaging, plus an active measurement with dan.
on sol 1081, since we have the data down yet to do targeted observations, we have a bunch of atmospheric monitoring with,,, and. also planning a 360 degree mosaic to take in our new surroundings and mardi will take a picture of the ground under the rover.
meanwhile, here on earth, nasa has released the "official" versions of the selfies taken by while we were drilling at "buckskin". i don't know about you, but i have a new wallpaper image!
sols update from ken herkenhoff: nice view (21 august 2015)
i'm having another very busy day as chair, as we are planning lots of activities to keep the rover busy this weekend. the vehicle is on a local high spot that gives us a spectacular view of the terrain ahead. but there aren't many targets in front of the rover that are suitable for contact science, so we selected only one (called "ravalli") to investigate using and. we had time for another contact science target, but decided that it would not be worthwhile to study the smaller rocks that are within arm's reach.
on sol 1082, and will observe and a brighter rock dubbed "sawtooth" before acquires a mosaic of the nice ahead. and will look up at the sky at about the same time that the mars odyssey orbiter will be passing over, to compare results of observations from above and the surface. then the arm will be deployed for contact science and the placed on for overnight integration.
chemcam and will observe a couple more bright blocks on sol 1083, named "stonewall" and "wolsey," before the rover drives toward the south. we'll then acquire the usual images and dan active data. on the last sol (1084), will take some calibration data and sam will clean its scrubber in preparation for future measurement.
sols update by ken herkenhoff: rough road ahead (24 august 2015)
msl had a good weekend, and returned lots of data including nice images of. the nearly sol 1083 drive completed as planned, and placed the rover near some nice rock. i helped the planning team select targets for observations; we settled on two that were named "tinder box" and "gordon." will acquire mosaics of these targets as well as "centennial range" and "willow ridge." there isn't for much more science, as another drive is planned for sol 1085 and an overnight sam atmospheric observation., and will make more atmospheric observations late in the morning of sol 1086, along with the usual background measurements. the path ahead is rough but looks very interesting!
sols update by ken herkenhoff: bright features (26 august 2015)
the complex, nearly sol 1085 drive completed successfully, leaving the rover in another area. again, i helped pick targets for favorites were on the brighter parts of the just south of the rover. the targets for and observations were named "fitzpatrick," "keith," and "fred and george creek." will also acquire 2 mosaics before the rover drives away on sol 1087. planning is still restricted, so we also planned sol 1088, which starts with and images of the sun and sky. similar observations are planned around noon that sol, to measure daily variations in atmospheric dust and clouds. finally,'s inlet funnel will be in an attempt to remove a particle from the screen over the funnel.
sols update by lauren edgar: stimson is stunning (28 august 2015)
curiosity is currently making her way through some beautiful exposures of the stimson unit. the 6 m drive on sol 1087 went well, and curiosity is in a good position for possible contact science early next week.
today planning for the weekend (sunday is a “soliday” to allow earth and mars schedules to sync back up). one of the main activities on sol 1089 is dropping off part of the buckskin drill sample to sam. then dump the buckskin sample, and analyze it with. the plan also includes and imaging to document the dump pile. sol 1090 consists of several observations of the targets “fox hills,” “obriens creek,” and “bearpaw” to investigate the bedrock and local alteration features. also acquire a large mosaic to document the, and a deck pan for dust monitoring. this region has some particularly stunning views, so looking forward to seeing the new mosaics!
sol 1091 update by ken herkenhoff: lots of targets (31 august 2015)
planning is no longer restricted, but we had to start at this morning to give the operations team enough time to uplink commands by the time the rover expects them. driving to work before sunrise reminded me of the sometimes odd times we had to wake up during the first 90 of the mission, when the entire operations team was on "mars time."
the team is very interested in the in front of the rover, so i had a very busy day as/mardi uplink lead today, even though we are planning just one sol. we planned in advance for nighttime imaging of's inlet and's calibration target (using white and leds), so those activities were ready to go this morning. but we had to prioritize and plan the details of observations of other contact science targets. because the sol 1089 images and placement were not perfectly centered on the buckskin dump pile, our top priority is to repeat those observations with updated positioning. we planned images of a target dubbed "devon," which will also be measured by. many of the targets of interest are difficult to reach with the arm, so the rover planners requested relatively images of them to support planning of more contact science on sol 1092. these targets were named "pentagon," "lebo," "ivanhoe," and "ledger," with ledger being in stereo by because it is a candidate for brushing with the. finally, the will be placed on the dump pile for overnight integration.
we had to put more thought than usual into prioritizing various data for, as we expect only 38 of data before sol 1092 planning begins tomorrow morning. this situation forced us to compress some of the images more than usual, and to create new command sequences. but if all goes well, we will receive enough data tomorrow morning to plan contact science on multiple targets.
sol 1092 update by lauren edgar: stimson contact science (1 september 2015)
curiosity is currently investigating an of the stimson unit. on sol 1091, curiosity acquired some images of the targets “pentagon,” “lebo,” “ivanhoe,” and “ledger” in order to plan more detailed imaging of those targets today.
the sol 1092 plan includes targeted remote sensing followed by more contact science. in the midday science block, acquire and on the targets “rabbit hills” and “horseshoe hills” to investigate some of the alteration features seen here. also acquire some large mosaics of the “williams” area to investigate the sedimentary structures. the plan also includes a test, and a movie to monitor the atmosphere. in the afternoon, acquire closer imaging on “lebo,” “ivanhoe,” and “ledger,” using the information we gained from the sol 1091 finder frames. since "ledger” is a nice flat ledge, also a good target for the, so we can brush away the dust to expose a fresh surface. then place the on “ledger” for an overnight integration. in really early slide this week (meaning planning starts at 6am), but that stopped the team from putting together some very full plans!
sol 1093 update by lauren edgar: leaving the williams area (2 september 2015)
after successful contact science on the stimson unit in the williams area, time to get back on the road. in plan finish up a few activities at the williams area, and then continue on our drive towards bridger basin and eventually the dunes.
today’s plan consists of and observations on the targets “interlake,” “ledger,” and “mackay dome.” then image the “ledger” target using all of the camera filters, and take another survey image to look for any changes in the time that been here. also use to look at the sun to measure the atmospheric opacity. then take a short drive and acquire imaging to help with targeting in plan. exciting to be driving again, and sure encounter some beautiful views as we continue to drive through this interesting terrain.
sol 1094 update by lauren edgar: turning in to bridger basin (3 september 2015)
the drive on sol 1093 went well, and curiosity drove ~15 m towards bridger basin. in the sol 1094 plan, drive for ~30 m to round the turn into the basin, as we continue making our way through the stimson unit. these rocks exhibit a lot of beautiful cross-bedding, as seen in the sol 1093s.
today’s plan consists of and observations on the targets “whitewater” and “whitefish,” two targets that are within a bright, bleached area near a fracture. after a short drive, take standard imaging to help with targeting in plan. the plan also includes a test to assess temperature effects. looking ahead, tomorrow will be a busy plan to prepare for the long weekend!
sols update by lauren edgar: laboring away in the stimson… (4 september 2015)
as many of us in the u.s. take a break over labor day weekend, curiosity will be keeping busy by using every instrument in her science payload! curiosity is currently making her way towards bridger basin and studying the stimson unit along the way.
the weekend plan is packed with exciting science. on sol 1095, acquire and on the targets “bullwacker,” “damnation,” and "bootlegger,” to assess the chemistry of some of the bright bands along fractures and unaltered bedrock. also take some mosaics to investigate the local geology. in the evening, sam will run a diagnostic test, and will dump the buckskin sample and analyze an empty cell to prepare for analysis of a future drill sample. on sol 1096, curiosity will take it easy, and the science activities mostly just involve standard rad and observations. things pick up again on sol 1097, with another science block full of and on “hell_creek,” and “sober_up_creek” (yes, these are real names of features near arlee, montana!) and additional mosaics to investigate the and sedimentary structures. then use to check out the sensor, followed by on the target “conniption,” as well as several dan passive observations. overnight, curiosity will acquire on “conniption.” on sol 1098, curiosity will drive for ~35 m, followed by imaging to prepare for targeting next week, and an evening mardi image to assess the ground beneath the rover. finally, on the morning of sol 1099, curiosity will take several and observations to monitor the atmosphere. phew!
sol 1099 update by ken herkenhoff: driving again (8 september 2015)
msl did well over the long weekend, except that the sol 1098 drive was halted after 13 meters of the planned 25 meters because the rover could not confirm that the path ahead was safe. so the plan for the sol 1099 drive is essentially to complete the rest of the previously planned drive. the only significant problem i've had to grapple with today as chair is that the last 5 relays of data through have returned significantly less data than expected; if this problem continues, we will barely receive enough data to plan another drive on sol 1100. fortunately, the team understands the problem and knows how to correct it, and there is a good chance that we will receive all the data we need in time for planning tomorrow morning. this situation reminds me of how much we depend on the mars orbiters and the teams that operate them, and to thank them for their continued support of the mission.
before the sol 1099 drive, we have time to acquire and observations of "mission creek" and "chamberlain," plus mosaics of "bridger basin," "hackley point," and "police creek." the rover will wake up early on the morning of sol 1100 to acquire a big stereo mosaic of the far wall of bridger basin, because the illumination will be better early in the morning. will also take a panorama with the left camera.
sol 1100 update from ken herkenhoff: swan, sunburst, studhorse, arch, and silver hill (9 september 2015)
the rover drove meters on sol 1099, as planned, to a good location for the imaging of the northwest wall of bridger basin. the team verified that the pointing of the mosaic of that wall, planned to occur early on sol 1100, is excellent. so the sol 1100 plan includes another drive, to the southwest edge of the small plateau the rover is on. before the drive, and will observe nearby layered rocks dubbed "swan" and "sunburst," and right mosaics will be taken of targets named "studhorse," arch" and "silver hill." after the drive, in addition to the standard activities, we're planning a right mosaic of butte" and a sam diagnostic activity in preparation for the next solid sample analysis. fitting all of the desired observations into the plan was challenging, otherwise i've had an easy day as chair.
the operations team identified the cause of the communications relay problem we had over the holiday weekend, and sent commands to the spacecraft to correct it. we're happy that we are again receiving lots of good data via!
sol 1101 update from ken herkenhoff: driving into the saddle (10 september 2015)
the drive planned for sol 1100 placed the rover at the edge of the small plateau, as intended, with a good view of a bright murray formation. the center of the murray is the target of the drive planned for sol 1101, which will hopefully put the vehicle in position for contact science over the weekend. before the drive, and observations of targets named "brady" and "bradley" are planned, both of which are on the far wall of bridger basin. will also observe a shallow trough in the soil next to the rover creek") and acquire a mosaic of the murray exposure, which has been named "saddle."
although is now relaying data as expected, it will pass low in the sky over after the sol 1101 drive, so we aren't expecting to receive as much data as usual. the biggest challenge for me as chair today was therefore planning and prioritizing the data we need for planning tomorrow. we're hoping that we get at least as much data as expected.
sols update by ken herkenhoff: arm error recovery (11 september 2015)
the sol 1101 activities that we planned yesterday did not complete due to an arm error while it was being stowed. apparently the shoulder motor was too cold, so the rover software halted the stow, which precluded the drive that was to follow. the rover is therefore in the same position that it was yesterday.
i'm not scheduled in any operational role today, but i called in to help plan imaging of the optical window, to monitor dust accumulation. the operations team had to scramble to recover from the arm error and plan science observations, but was able to put together an excellent weekend plan. on sol 1102, will take the standard images of the rover wheels, then acquire a full suite of images of a rock dubbed "badlands." will then be placed on the rock for an overnight integration. arm work will continue on sol 1103, with images of the window. then and will observe targets named "madison" and "jefferson." on sol 1104, the and will take images of a bright ridge on the flank of mt. sharp, then and will observe "lincoln." will also acquire another mosaic of the wall of bridger basin, then the rover will drive to the bright murray "saddle" as planned yesterday. fortunately, the sol 1104 orbiter overflight geometry is better than it was yesterday, so we expect to receive all the data needed for planning on monday. finally, early on sol 1105, and will observe the sun and sky soon after the mars odyssey orbiter flies over, so that orbiter observations can be compared with nearly simultaneous observations from the surface. overall, not a bad plan, considering that the operations team had to quickly respond to the arm error!
sol 1105 update by lauren edgar: murray formation contact science (14 september 2015)
over the weekend, curiosity had a successful ~ 21 m drive, and currently parked in front of a beautiful of the murray formation (shown in the bottom half of the above image, overlain by stimson). mostly been driving through the stimson unit for the past 280 m, so this is a great opportunity to do contact science on the murray formation to look for any changes in composition or grain size.
i was the geology theme lead today, and our plan consists of hours of targeted remote science, followed by contact science. we planned several and observations on the targets “winnipeg,” “alma,” and “blackjack.” “winnipeg” is a target in the murray formation that also assess with and. “alma” is aimed at characterizing the composition across the contact, and “blackjack” is a resistant ledge within the murray formation. also acquire a couple of mosaics to document the contact and characterize the local structure and stratification, and a to assess atmospheric opacity. in the afternoon acquire several images of the “sacajawea” target to investigate a resistant ledge. then use the to brush off the dust on “winnipeg” and take some really close images to look for grain size variations. overnight, use to investigate the composition of the “winnipeg” target.
sol 1106 update by lauren edgar: searching for the next drilling location (15 september 2015)
after some additional contact science on the murray formation (of the location shown in the above image), now in search of a good sandstone for our next drill target.
the goal of plan is to drive towards a bright patch of that was first identified in orbital images, and to see if this is an area that we might want to investigate further. plan includes an hour of targeted science, followed by a short drive towards the bright, and imaging for targeting.
in the morning science block, acquire and observations of the targets “prichard” and “cat creek” to look for changes in composition through the murray formation. we also planned a mosaic of the “vaughn” area to document the contact. then acquire a mosaic of the “rice” area to investigate the bright patch from our current location. after a short ~12 m drive, acquire standard imaging, as well as another large mosaic of the “rice” area. as the geology theme lead today, i had to balance priorities to make sure that get all of the necessary imaging down in time to make a decision tomorrow (is this a good place to investigate further? or should we keep driving?). wait to see what the new images will reveal!
sol 1108 update by ken herkenhoff: limited data for planning (17 september 2015)
the drive planned for sol 1107 completed as planned, placing the rover in front of the bright of interest. as expected, only a few images were received in time for sol 1108 planning, which made it more difficult than usual to pick targets for remote sensing observations and driving. however, we found some bright blocks that the rover planners confirmed would be good targets for contact science, and plan is to approach and study them this weekend. but first and will observe nearby rock and soil targets named "sphinx," "houle," and "utopia." after the short drive, we decided not to acquire the usual stowed image and mardi twilight image, as the view from will not be
very different than the previous image, and we can't acquire the mardi image when we would like because there will be a mars odyssey communications session at that time. we can acquire these images on sol 1109 anyway. so it was an easy day for me as/mardi uplink lead today, and i helped pick/mastcam targets.
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ˈɛmɪli sɛpˈtɛmbər 18 2015 sɪns aɪ læst ʧɛkt ɪn wɪθ ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti, ðə ˈroʊvər həz bɪn ˈstɛdəli ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈsaʊθwərd, ˈhɛdɪŋ ˈfɛrli dɪˈrɛkli təˈwɔrd ðə dun fild. wɪn ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti lɛft pæs ɔn sɑl 1072 ðeɪ hæd wən pis əv ənˈfɪnɪʃt ˈbɪznɪs: ˈdrɪlɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈsænˌstoʊn əv ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt ðət tɑps ðə əv ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən. sɪns ˈstɪmsən ˈsænˌstoʊn fɔrmz ɪkˈspoʊzd ˈbɛˌdrɑk ˈɛvriˌwɛr ðət ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti plænd tɪ draɪv ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst ˈsɛvərəl ˈhənərd ˈmitərz, ðeɪ ˈfɪgjərd ɪt ˈwʊdənt bi ˈvɛri hɑrd tɪ faɪnd ə gʊd spɑt tɪ drɪl. bət ɛz ðeɪ hæv ˈdrɪvən əˈlɔŋ, ðeɪv ˈdrɪvən ˈɪntu ˈpəzəlz, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt ˈhɑrdər ðən ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd tɪ səˈlɛkt ðə raɪt spɑt wɛr ˈdrɪlɪŋ kən ˈænsər ðɛr kˈwɛsʧənz. soʊ ðə ˈstɔri ðɪs mənθ həz ˈmoʊstli bɪn wən əv ˈdraɪvɪŋ. naʊ ɔn tɔp əv ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt, pæθ ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ hər əˈkrɔs ə ˈrɪðmɪk sɛt əv ˈrɪʤɪz, iʧ ˈrəfli ə ˈmitər haɪ ənd speɪst ˈmitərz əˈpɑrt, ðət ərnd ðɪs təreɪn ðə ˈnɪkˌneɪm "ˈwɑʃˌbɔrd ˈjunɪt" wɪn sin frəm ˈɔrbət. hir ɪz ə lʊk æt ðə ˈrisənt ˈtrævərs mæp, wɪʧ meɪks ðət təˈpɑgrəfi ˈvɛri klɪr. ə waɪd vju əv ˈtrævərs ɔn ə beɪs mæp. nɑt ˈɛvəri draɪv sɑl ɪz ʃoʊn ʤɪst ɪˈnəf tɪ pɪk aʊt ðə rut. æt fʊl ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ɪt ɪz 1 ˈmitər pər ˈpɪksəl. nɔrθ ɪz əˈbaʊt dɪˈgriz tɪ ðə lɛft əv əp. ðə rɛd laɪn ɔn ðə mæp ɪz ðə "seɪf ˈtrænzɪt rut" əˈnaʊnst baɪ əraʊnd sɑl 668 dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ prɪˈzərv ˈroʊvər wilz baɪ ˈkrɔsɪŋ bɪˈnaɪn təreɪn. mɔr ˈfɔrˌmæts: lɛft ˈstɛriˌoʊ raɪt ˈstɛriˌoʊ ˈflɪkər ðɪs ˈjunɪt meɪks fər ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ˈdraɪvɪŋ fər ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈrizənz. hæv ə lʊk æt ðə vju ˈfɔrwərd ɔn sɑl 1083 aɪ hæv ˈpərsənəli bɪn ˌæprɪˈhɛnsɪv əˈbaʊt ðɪs steɪʤ əv ˈmɪʃən ˈɛvər sɪns ˈraɪtɪŋ maɪ lɔŋ ɔn wil ˈdæmɪʤ mɔr ðən ə jɪr əˈgoʊ. ðə təreɪn ðət ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti ɪz ˈdraɪvɪŋ ɔn naʊ wɑz aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd frəm ˈɔrbətəl ˈmɪʃənz ɛz biɪŋ əv ðə pəˈtɛnʃəli vərˈaɪəti. soʊ aɪ hæv bɪn ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ wil ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈvɛri ˈkloʊsli ənd əm plizd tɪ rɪˈpɔrt ðət, æt list tɪ maɪ aɪ, ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˌækˌsɛlərˈeɪʃən ɪn wil ˈdæmɪʤ naʊ ðət ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti ɪz ˈdraɪvɪŋ ɔn ə plæˈtoʊ. ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti pərˈfɔrmd ə kəmˈplit ˈsərˌveɪ əv ɔl wilz ɔn sɑl 1046 wɪθ ðə ˈkæmərə ɔn ðə ɛnd əv ðə ɑrm. ðə ˈdæmɪʤ tɪ ðə wilz həz ʧeɪnʤd ˈoʊnli sˈlaɪtli sɪns sɑl 708 kəmˈpɛrɪŋ wil ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈteɪkən ɔn 708 962 ənd 1046 ðɛr ər ˈoʊnli slaɪt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz, ənd aɪ si noʊ (trɛdz) ɪn ˈtrəbəl. ðɪs kəmˈpɑzət lʊks æt wil, ðə wən. ðət biɪŋ sɛd, ðɛr həz bɪn noʊ ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ sɛt ɪn ðə læst 450 ˈmitərz, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludz moʊst əv ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈdraɪvɪŋ, soʊ aɪl stɪl bi ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ ðə nɛkst fʊl sɛt əv wil ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈkloʊsli. (ðeɪ ˈjuʒəwəli pərˈfɔrm ə fʊl sɛt əv wil ˈɪmɪʤɪz wəns ˈɛvəri 500 ˈmitərz.) əˈnəðər ˈrizən ðə ˈdraɪvɪŋ ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt ɪz bɪˈkəz ðə ˈrɪðmɪk ˈrɪʤɪz ðət meɪk əp ðə "ˈwɑʃˌbɔrd" ˈlɪmət ðə ˈroʊvər ˈplænərz' ˈfɔrwərd vju əv ðə təreɪn tɪ ə fju tɛnz əv ˈmitərz. ˈivɪn ɪf ɪt wərənt fər ðə ˈlɪmɪtɪd viewsheds*, ɪn ðɪs pəˈtɛnʃəli təreɪn, ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ si ənd stɪr əraʊnd ˈɛvəri rɑk. soʊ iʧ draɪv deɪ həz bɪn ˈteɪkɪŋ ðɛm ˈoʊnli 10 tɪ 40 ˈmitərz ər soʊ ˈsaʊθwərd. stɪl, ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪz ˈprɑˌgrɛs, ənd ðɛr ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt, draɪv sɑl baɪ draɪv sɑl. ɛz ðeɪ wərk ˈsaʊθwərd, ðɛr ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə gʊd drɪl saɪt. bət, ˈprɑʤɛkt ˈsaɪəntɪst toʊld mi, ðeɪv bɪn dɪˈstræktɪd baɪ ə nu ˈfiʧər taɪp ðət ðeɪ ˈhævənt sin ˌbiˈfɔr. wɛˈræz ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən hæd ˈvɛri θɪn, ˈvɛri dɪˈstɪŋkt ˈfrækʧərz fɪld wɪθ braɪt ˈkælsiəm ˈsəlˌfeɪt veɪnz, ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt həz ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈdɪfərənt. hɪrz ə riˈmaɪndər əv wət ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən veɪnz lʊk laɪk: ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti tʊk ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz fər ðɪs ˌpænərˈæmə ɔn sɑl 950 (ˈeɪprəl 9 2015 ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti hæd ˈrisəntli dɪˈpɑrtɪd ðə ˈɛriə kɔld ˈgɑrdən ˈsɪti ənd tʊk ˈsɛvərəl ˌpænərˈæmɪk vjuz əv ˈlaɪnɪŋ "ˈɑrtɪsts' draɪv," ðə pæθ tɪ ðə wɛst əv ˈgɑrdən ˈsɪti ənd hɪlz. ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt ˈɔlsoʊ həz ˈfrækʧərz, bət ðeɪ ər speɪst məʧ ˈwaɪdər əˈpɑrt. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ doʊnt sim tɪ hæv ðoʊz dɪˈstɪŋkt ˈkælsiəm ˈsəlˌfeɪt fɪlz. ðə ˈwɪrdəst θɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðɛm ɪz ðət ðeɪ ər sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ braɪt ðət sprɛd ˈɪntu ðə ˈstɪmsən rɑk ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ənd ðeɪ mɑrk zoʊnz wɛr ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt ɪˈroʊdz mɔr ˈizəli ðən ˈɛlsˌwɛr. hir ər ə fju sˈnæpˌʃɑts əv ðiz əˈlɔŋ ˈrisənt trɛk: ɛz ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti droʊv əˈkrɔs ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt, ðə ˈroʊvər rɪˈpitɪdli ɪnˈkaʊnərd ˈfrækʧərz ɪn ðə rɑk ðət wər sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ braɪt əv ənˈnoʊn kɔz. ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz wər ˈteɪkən ɔn sɑl 1083 (tɔp lɛft), 1087 (tɔp raɪt), 1093 (loʊər lɛft), ənd 1094 loʊər raɪt) baɪ ðə. wət ər ðiz? ɪz ɪt ə dɪˈpɑzət əv ˈmɪnərəl məˈtɪriəl ɪn ðə pɔrz əv ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt? ɪz ɪt ə pleɪs wɛr ðə ˈstɪmsən həz bɪn bliʧt? həz ˈsəmθɪŋ bɪn liʧt əˈweɪ? ər ɪz ɪt ʤɪst ə zoʊn wɛr wən ˈmɪnərəl həz bɪn ˈɔltərd ˈɪntu əˈnəðər? soʊ fɑr, sɪz, ðɛr ər ə lɔt mɔr kˈwɛsʧənz ðən ðɛr ər ˈænsərz. soʊ ðeɪ ər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə gʊd pleɪs tɪ drɪl, bət wən əv ðɛr ˈʧælənʤɪz ɪz ðət ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ faɪnd ə loʊˈkeɪʃən wɛr ðə ˌstrætəˈgræfɪk riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp bɪtˈwin ðə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd ðə ˌoʊvərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt ɪz klɪr. ðət weɪ, ðɛl noʊ wɛr ɪn ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt ðɛr ˈdrɪlɪŋ. ɪts nɑt bɪn ˈizi tɪ faɪnd səʧ ə loʊˈkeɪʃən ðət ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ gʊd fər ˈdrɪlɪŋ. ɛz əv sɑl 1106 ðeɪ hæd ə ˈdisənt vju əv ðə ˈkɑnˌtækt, ənd wər traɪɪŋ tɪ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ə gʊd pleɪs tɪ drɪl əˈlɔŋ ðə pæθ saʊθ. soʊ maɪ nɛkst rɪˈpɔrt ɪn ə fju wiks wɪl ˈhoʊpfəli kənˈsərn ˈdrɪlɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈstɪmsən. pərˈhæps ðɛl ˈivɪn faɪnd ə loʊˈkeɪʃən wɛr ðeɪ kən drɪl ˈɪntu wən əv ðoʊz. aɪ θɔt ðɪs wʊd bi ə gʊd taɪm tɪ zum aʊt ənd teɪk stɑk əv ˈtrævərs tɪ deɪt. aɪ meɪd ə nu ˈoʊvərvˌju mæp, ʃoʊɪŋ ðə ɪnˈtaɪər rut. aɪv kɔld aʊt ðə drɪl loʊˈkeɪʃənz ɪn waɪt dɑts ənd boʊld tɛkst. ju kən si haʊ ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˈdrɪlɪŋ ækˈtɪvɪti həz drəˈmætɪkəli ˌɪnˈkrist sɪns ðɛr əˈnaʊnst ərˈaɪvəl æt ðə beɪs əv maʊnt ʃɑrp əraʊnd sɑl 740 wəns ðeɪ hæv drɪld ðə ˈstɪmsən, ðə nɛkst stɑp ɪz ðə dunefield*, toʊld mi. ðɪs ɪz ˈrəðər ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ bɪˈkəz ðə ˈvɛri fərst dun ðət ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti wɪl ɪnˈkaʊnər ɪz wən ðət həz ˈæˌkʧuəli bɪn əbˈzərvd tɪ muv ˈoʊvər taɪm. hir ɪz ə kəmˈpɛrəsən əv tu ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈteɪkən baɪ ɪn 2008 ənd 2014 ðə ˈrɪpəlz ɔn tɔp əv ðə dun ər ˈmuvɪŋ frəm nɔrθ tɪ saʊθ, ənd ðə dun ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈmuvɪŋ ˈsaʊθwərd, mɔr sˈloʊli. ðɪs wɪl bi ðə fərst taɪm ðət ə mɑrz ˈroʊvər həz ˈvɪzɪtɪd ə dun ðət ɪz noʊn tɪ bi ˈæktɪv. (aɪl lɛt ˈlɔri ˈfɛntən ɪkˈspleɪn ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin dunz ənd ˈrɪpəlz tɪ ju.) ðɪs ˌænəˈmeɪʃən kənˈsɪsts əv tu ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ə ˈsɪŋgəl dun wɪˈθɪn ðə dun fild ðət laɪz nɔrθ əv maʊnt ʃɑrp wɪˈθɪn geɪl ˈkreɪtər. wən wɑz ˈteɪkən ɔn ˈɔgəst 22 2008 ðə ˈəðər ɔn ˈeɪprəl 16 2014 ɪn ðə taɪm ˈsɛpərˌeɪtɪŋ ðə tu ˈɪmɪʤɪz, ˈrɪpəlz hæv muvd ˈsaʊθwərd əp ðə sˈloʊpɪŋ bæk əv ðə dun, ənd ðə ɪnˈtaɪər dun həz ˈʃɪftɪd ˈsaʊθwərd ˈvɛri sˈlaɪtli. səm əv ðə əˈpɛrənt ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ðə ˈɪmɪʤ ər du tɪ ðə sˈlaɪtli ˈdɪfərənt ˈæŋgəlz frəm wɪʧ lʊkt æt ðə sin. ˈæftər ɛnˈkaʊnərɪŋ ðɪs dun, ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti wɪl skərt ðə dun fild ɔn ə ˈwɛstwərd pæθ, ˈdraɪvɪŋ əp ənd ˈoʊvər əˈnəðər ˌsɛgˈmɛnt əv ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt. ðɛn ðə ˈroʊvər wɪl drɔp daʊn əˈgɛn, ˈfaɪnəli bɪˈgɪnɪŋ tɪ krɔs ðə dun fild frəm nɔrθ tɪ saʊθ əˈkrɔs ə ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈɛriə bɪtˈwin ðə ˈməri ənd ðə dunz. ðə dunz ənd ðə ər goʊɪŋ tɪ meɪk fər səm drəˈmætɪk vjuz əˈhɛd. tɪ wɛt jʊr ˈæpəˌtaɪt, hir ɪz əˈnəðər ˈɪmɪʤ ðət ˈkəvərz ðə ˈɛriə əv ðə dun fild ðət ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti həz tɪ krɔs. ɪts ən ˈɛriə wɛr ðə sænd ɪz θɪn, ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ ˈbɛˌdrɑk; ˈhoʊpfəli ðə ˈtrævərs wɪl nɑt bi tu hɑrd. ə waɪd vju əv fˈjuʧər ˈtrævərs. æt fʊl ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ɪt ɪz 1 ˈmitər pər ˈpɪksəl. nɔrθ ɪz əˈbaʊt 7 dɪˈgriz tɪ ðə lɛft əv əp. ˈməri ər æt ðə lɛft əv ðə ˈɪmɪʤ, ənd ðə dɑrk swɑθ ɪz ðə dun fild. rut ɪz beɪst ɔn ˈmæpɪŋ baɪ fɪl stooke*. mɔr ˈfɔrˌmæts: lɛft ˈstɛriˌoʊ raɪt ˈstɛriˌoʊ ˈflɪkər ənd ˈfaɪnəli, hɪrz ə vju əv ðə pæθ əˈhɛd. ɪts kwaɪt ə ˈləvli pleɪs tɪ bi. ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti tʊk ðə ˈɪmɪʤɪz fər ðɪs ˌpænərˈæmɪk vju əv maʊnt ʃɑrp ɔn sɑl 1100 (sɛpˈtɛmbər 10 2015 əˈhɛd tɪ ðə raɪt ər ðə sænd dunz əv ðə dun fild. pæθ wɪl teɪk ɪt tɪ ðə raɪt saɪd əv ðoʊz dunz, ðɛn əˈkrɔs ə gæp ɪn ðə dun fild bɪˈloʊ ðə ˈməri (nɑt ˈvɪzəbəl hir) ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt bɪˈgɪnz tɪ raɪz haɪər ˈɔntu ðə ˈmaʊntən. ɛz ˈjuʒəwəl, hir ər ðə dɪˈteɪld ˈəpˌdeɪts frəm ðə ˌæstrəˌʤiˈɑləʤi blɔg ˈkəvərɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd. ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ raɪən ˈændərsən: taɪm fər sæm! 14 ˈɔgəst 2015 wi hæd əˈnəðər səkˈsɛsfəl draɪv ɔn sɑl 1074 ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ə gʊd pəˈzɪʃən fər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd! ðə meɪn ækˈtɪvɪti fər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈsæmpəl æˈnælɪsɪs æt mɑrz (sæm) ˈɪnstrəmənt tɪ ˈænəˌlaɪz səm əv ðə ˈrisənt drɪl ˈsæmpəl ðət wi kəˈlɛktəd. sæm ækˈtɪvɪtiz wɪl teɪk əp ɔl əv sɑl 1075 ɔn sɑl 1076 wi wɪl juz tɪ ʧɛk ɔn ðə hɛlθ əv ɑr wilz, ənd sæm wɪl du ɪts ɪˈvɑlvd gæs æˈnælɪsɪs (ega*) ˈmɛʒərmənt ɔn ðə ˈsæmpəl. ɔn sɑl 1077 wi hæv lɑts əv ənd ækˈtɪvɪtiz. həz ə moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ən ˈɛriə kɔld ““fournier”*”, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz əv ðə ˈtɑrgəts ““butler”*”, ““evaro”*”, ““coldwater”*”, ənd ““alberton”*” ənd əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən ˈɪmɪʤɪz. ˈɔlsoʊ həz ən ˈætməsˌfɪr ˈmɑnətərɪŋ ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən əv ðə hərˈaɪzən tɪ ðə nɔrθ. ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə ˌæftərˈnun ɔn sɑl 1077 həz ə ˌkæləˈbreɪʃən ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən ənd həz əˈnəðər ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən əv ““alberton”*” tɪ traɪ tɪ si ˈtɛksʧərz ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪd baɪ ðə loʊər sən ˈæŋgəl. ˈɔlsoʊ həz ə ˈkəpəl mɔr ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz, ˈwɑʧɪŋ fər klaʊdz ənd dəst ˈdɛvəlz. ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ kɛn herkenhoff*: bæk tɪ riˈstrɪktɪd ˈplænɪŋ 17 ˈɔgəst 2015 aɪ hæd ən ˈizi ˈplænɪŋ deɪ ɛz ˈuˌplɪŋk lɛd təˈdeɪ, bɪˈkəz əˈnəðər draɪv ɪz plænd fər sɑl 1078 wɪθ ˈoʊnli ðə ˈjuʒəwəl (stoʊd) ənd ˈmɑrdi (tˈwaɪˌlaɪt) ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ. ˈplænɪŋ ɪz riˈstrɪktɪd əˈgɛn (mɑrz ənd ərθ taɪm ər aʊt əv sɪŋk), soʊ wi ər ˈplænɪŋ tu. ˌbiˈfɔr ˈdraɪvɪŋ əˈweɪ frəm ðə ˈkɑrənt loʊˈkeɪʃən, ənd wɪl əbˈzərv rɑk ˈtɑrgəts dəbd "ˈhusən" ənd "ˌɪgˈneɪʃəs" ənd wɪl ˈɪmɪʤ əˈnəðər rɑk kɔld "hodown*." ˈæftər ðə draɪv, ən ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən ɔn ðə drɪl ˈsæmpəl ɪz plænd, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ˈərli ɔn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ əv sɑl 1079 mɔr ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ər plænd ˈleɪtər ðət sɑl, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ səm ˌkæləˈbreɪʃən ækˈtɪvɪtiz. əm glæd ðət wi ər ˈmeɪkɪŋ gʊd ˈprɑˌgrɛs təˈwɔrd ˈɛmˈti. ʃɑrp! ˈəpˌdeɪt frəm raɪən ˈændərsən: əˈfɪʃəl nu ˈsɛlˌfi! 19 ˈɔgəst 2015 wi hæd əˈnəðər səkˈsɛsfəl draɪv ɔn 1079 goʊɪŋ əˈbaʊt 29 ˈmitərz ðɪs taɪm. ðə plæn fər ɪz ˈprɪti ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðə ˈpriviəs plæn: rɪˈmoʊt ˈsɛnsɪŋ ənd ə draɪv ɔn ðə fərst deɪ, ənd saɪəns ɔn ðə ˈsɛkənd deɪ. ɔn sɑl 1080 həz ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz əv ðə ˈtɑrgəts lodge”*”, ““mowry”*”, ənd ““rosebud”*”, wɪθ əˈkəmpəniɪŋ ˈɪmɪʤɪz. wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ teɪk ə ˈstɛriˌoʊ moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ə klɪf dəbd river”*”. ˈæftər ðə draɪv, wi hæv ɑr ˈstændərd ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ, pləs ən ˈæktɪv ˈmɛʒərmənt wɪθ dæn. ɔn sɑl 1081 sɪns wi hæv ðə ˈdætə daʊn jɛt tɪ du ˈtɑrgətɪd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz, wi hæv ə bənʧ əv ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk ˈmɑnətərɪŋ wɪθ,,, ənd. ˈɔlsoʊ ˈplænɪŋ ə 360 dɪˈgri moʊˈzeɪɪk tɪ teɪk ɪn ɑr nu sərˈaʊndɪŋz ənd ˈmɑrdi wɪl teɪk ə ˈpɪkʧər əv ðə graʊnd ˈəndər ðə ˈroʊvər. ˈminˌwaɪl, hir ɔn ərθ, ˈnæsə həz riˈlist ðə "əˈfɪʃəl" ˈvərʒənz əv ðə ˈsɛlˌfiz ˈteɪkən baɪ waɪl wi wər ˈdrɪlɪŋ æt "ˈbəkˌskɪn". aɪ doʊnt noʊ əˈbaʊt ju, bət aɪ hæv ə nu ˈwɔlˌpeɪpər ˈɪmɪʤ! ˈəpˌdeɪt frəm kɛn herkenhoff*: nis vju 21 ˈɔgəst 2015 əm ˈhævɪŋ əˈnəðər ˈvɛri ˈbɪzi deɪ ɛz ʧɛr, ɛz wi ər ˈplænɪŋ lɑts əv ækˈtɪvɪtiz tɪ kip ðə ˈroʊvər ˈbɪzi ðɪs ˈwiˌkɪnd. ðə ˈviɪkəl ɪz ɔn ə ˈloʊkəl haɪ spɑt ðət gɪvz ˈjuˈɛs ə spɛkˈtækjələr vju əv ðə təreɪn əˈhɛd. bət ðɛr ˈɑrənt ˈmɛni ˈtɑrgəts ɪn frənt əv ðə ˈroʊvər ðət ər ˈsutəbəl fər ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns, soʊ wi səˈlɛktɪd ˈoʊnli wən (kɔld "ravalli*") tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ˈjuzɪŋ ənd. wi hæd taɪm fər əˈnəðər ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ˈtərgət, bət ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət ɪt wʊd nɑt bi ˈwərθˈwaɪl tɪ ˈstədi ðə sˈmɔlər rɑks ðət ər wɪˈθɪn ɑrmz riʧ. ɔn sɑl 1082 ənd wɪl əbˈzərv ənd ə ˈbraɪtər rɑk dəbd "sawtooth*" ˌbiˈfɔr əkˈwaɪərz ə moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ðə nis əˈhɛd. ənd wɪl lʊk əp æt ðə skaɪ æt əˈbaʊt ðə seɪm taɪm ðət ðə mɑrz ˈɑdəsi ˈɔrbətər wɪl bi ˈpæsɪŋ ˈoʊvər, tɪ kəmˈpɛr rɪˈzəlts əv ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz frəm əˈbəv ənd ðə ˈsərfəs. ðɛn ðə ɑrm wɪl bi dɪˈplɔɪd fər ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ənd ðə pleɪst ɔn fər ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən. ənd wɪl əbˈzərv ə ˈkəpəl mɔr braɪt blɑks ɔn sɑl 1083 neɪmd "ˈstoʊnˌwɔl" ənd "ˈwoʊlsi," ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈroʊvər draɪvz təˈwɔrd ðə saʊθ. wɪl ðɛn əkˈwaɪər ðə ˈjuʒəwəl ˈɪmɪʤɪz ənd dæn ˈæktɪv ˈdætə. ɔn ðə læst sɑl 1084 wɪl teɪk səm ˌkæləˈbreɪʃən ˈdætə ənd sæm wɪl klin ɪts ˈskrəbər ɪn ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən fər fˈjuʧər ˈmɛʒərmənt. ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ kɛn herkenhoff*: rəf roʊd əˈhɛd 24 ˈɔgəst 2015 hæd ə gʊd ˈwiˌkɪnd, ənd rɪˈtərnd lɑts əv ˈdætə ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ nis ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv. ðə ˈnɪrli sɑl 1083 draɪv kəmˈplitɪd ɛz plænd, ənd pleɪst ðə ˈroʊvər nɪr səm nis rɑk. aɪ hɛlpt ðə ˈplænɪŋ tim səˈlɛkt ˈtɑrgəts fər ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz; wi ˈsɛtəld ɔn tu ðət wər neɪmd "ˈtɪndər bɑks" ənd "ˈgɔrdən." wɪl əkˈwaɪər moʊˈzeɪɪks əv ðiz ˈtɑrgəts ɛz wɛl ɛz "sɛnˈtɛniəl reɪnʤ" ənd "ˈwɪˌloʊ rɪʤ." ðɛr ˈɪzənt fər məʧ mɔr saɪəns, ɛz əˈnəðər draɪv ɪz plænd fər sɑl 1085 ənd ən ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt sæm ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən., ənd wɪl meɪk mɔr ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz leɪt ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ əv sɑl 1086 əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə ˈjuʒəwəl ˈbækˌgraʊnd ˈmɛʒərmənts. ðə pæθ əˈhɛd ɪz rəf bət lʊks ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ! ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ kɛn herkenhoff*: braɪt ˈfiʧərz 26 ˈɔgəst 2015 ðə ˈkɑmplɛks, ˈnɪrli sɑl 1085 draɪv kəmˈplitɪd səkˈsɛsfəli, ˈlivɪŋ ðə ˈroʊvər ɪn əˈnəðər ˈɛriə. əˈgɛn, aɪ hɛlpt pɪk ˈtɑrgəts fər ˈfeɪvərɪts wər ɔn ðə ˈbraɪtər pɑrts əv ðə ʤɪst saʊθ əv ðə ˈroʊvər. ðə ˈtɑrgəts fər ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz wər neɪmd "ˌfɪtˈspætrɪk," "kiθ," ənd "frɛd ənd ʤɔrʤ krik." wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ əkˈwaɪər 2 moʊˈzeɪɪks ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈroʊvər draɪvz əˈweɪ ɔn sɑl 1087 ˈplænɪŋ ɪz stɪl riˈstrɪktɪd, soʊ wi ˈɔlsoʊ plænd sɑl 1088 wɪʧ stɑrts wɪθ ənd ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ðə sən ənd skaɪ. ˈsɪmələr ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ər plænd əraʊnd nun ðət sɑl, tɪ ˈmɛʒər ˈdeɪli ˌvɛriˈeɪʃənz ɪn ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk dəst ənd klaʊdz. ˈfaɪnəli, ˈɪnˌlɛt ˈfənəl wɪl bi ɪn ən əˈtɛmpt tɪ riˈmuv ə ˈpɑrtɪkəl frəm ðə skrin ˈoʊvər ðə ˈfənəl. ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ ˈlɔrən ˈɛdgər: ˈstɪmsən ɪz ˈstənɪŋ 28 ˈɔgəst 2015 ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti ɪz ˈkərəntli ˈmeɪkɪŋ hər weɪ θru səm ˈbjutəfəl ɪkˈspoʊʒərz əv ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt. ðə 6 ɛm draɪv ɔn sɑl 1087 wɛnt wɛl, ənd ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti ɪz ɪn ə gʊd pəˈzɪʃən fər ˈpɑsəbəl ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ˈərli nɛkst wik. təˈdeɪ ˈplænɪŋ fər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd (ˈsənˌdi ɪz ə ““soliday”*” tɪ əˈlaʊ ərθ ənd mɑrz ˈskɛʤʊlz tɪ sɪŋk bæk əp). wən əv ðə meɪn ækˈtɪvɪtiz ɔn sɑl 1089 ɪz ˈdrɑpɪŋ ɔf pɑrt əv ðə ˈbəkˌskɪn drɪl ˈsæmpəl tɪ sæm. ðɛn dəmp ðə ˈbəkˌskɪn ˈsæmpəl, ənd ˈænəˌlaɪz ɪt wɪθ. ðə plæn ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludz ənd ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ tɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ðə dəmp paɪl. sɑl 1090 kənˈsɪsts əv ˈsɛvərəl ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz əv ðə ˈtɑrgəts hills,”*,” creek,”*,” ənd ““bearpaw”*” tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə ˈbɛˌdrɑk ənd ˈloʊkəl ˌɔltərˈeɪʃən ˈfiʧərz. ˈɔlsoʊ əkˈwaɪər ə lɑrʤ moʊˈzeɪɪk tɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ðə, ənd ə dɛk pæn fər dəst ˈmɑnətərɪŋ. ðɪs ˈriʤən həz səm ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈstənɪŋ vjuz, soʊ ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ siɪŋ ðə nu moʊˈzeɪɪks! sɑl 1091 ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ kɛn herkenhoff*: lɑts əv ˈtɑrgəts 31 ˈɔgəst 2015 ˈplænɪŋ ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər riˈstrɪktɪd, bət wi hæd tɪ stɑrt æt ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ tɪ gɪv ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz tim ɪˈnəf taɪm tɪ ˈuˌplɪŋk kəˈmændz baɪ ðə taɪm ðə ˈroʊvər ɪkˈspɛkts ðɛm. ˈdraɪvɪŋ tɪ wərk ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsənˌraɪz riˈmaɪndɪd mi əv ðə ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ɑd taɪmz wi hæd tɪ weɪk əp ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst 90 əv ðə ˈmɪʃən, wɪn ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz tim wɑz ɔn "mɑrz taɪm." ðə tim ɪz ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ðə ɪn frənt əv ðə ˈroʊvər, soʊ aɪ hæd ə ˈvɛri ˈbɪzi deɪ ɛz ˈuˌplɪŋk lɛd təˈdeɪ, ˈivɪn ðoʊ wi ər ˈplænɪŋ ʤɪst wən sɑl. wi plænd ɪn ədˈvæns fər ˈnaɪtˌtaɪm ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ əv ˈɪnˌlɛt ənd ˌkæləˈbreɪʃən ˈtərgət (ˈjuzɪŋ waɪt ənd leds*), soʊ ðoʊz ækˈtɪvɪtiz wər ˈrɛdi tɪ goʊ ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ. bət wi hæd tɪ praɪˈɔrəˌtaɪz ənd plæn ðə ˈditeɪlz əv ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz əv ˈəðər ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ˈtɑrgəts. bɪˈkəz ðə sɑl 1089 ˈɪmɪʤɪz ənd ˈpleɪsmənt wər nɑt ˈpərfəktli ˈsɛntərd ɔn ðə ˈbəkˌskɪn dəmp paɪl, ɑr tɔp praɪˈɔrəti ɪz tɪ rɪˈpit ðoʊz ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz wɪθ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd pəˈzɪʃənɪŋ. wi plænd ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ə ˈtərgət dəbd "ˈdɛvən," wɪʧ wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈmɛʒərd baɪ. ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈtɑrgəts əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ər ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ riʧ wɪθ ðə ɑrm, soʊ ðə ˈroʊvər ˈplænərz rɪkˈwɛstɪd ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ðɛm tɪ səˈpɔrt ˈplænɪŋ əv mɔr ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ɔn sɑl 1092 ðiz ˈtɑrgəts wər neɪmd "ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn," "ˈleɪboʊ," "ˈaɪvənˌhoʊ," ənd "ˈlɛʤər," wɪθ ˈlɛʤər biɪŋ ɪn ˈstɛriˌoʊ baɪ bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ə ˈkænədɪt fər ˈbrəʃɪŋ wɪθ ðə. ˈfaɪnəli, ðə wɪl bi pleɪst ɔn ðə dəmp paɪl fər ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən. wi hæd tɪ pʊt mɔr θɔt ðən ˈjuʒəwəl ˈɪntu praɪˈɔrəˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈvɛriəs ˈdætə fər, ɛz wi ɪkˈspɛkt ˈoʊnli 38 əv ˈdætə ˌbiˈfɔr sɑl 1092 ˈplænɪŋ bɪˈgɪnz təˈmɑˌroʊ ˈmɔrnɪŋ. ðɪs ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən fɔrst ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ˈkɑmprɛs səm əv ðə ˈɪmɪʤɪz mɔr ðən ˈjuʒəwəl, ənd tɪ kriˈeɪt nu kəˈmænd ˈsikwənsɪz. bət ɪf ɔl goʊz wɛl, wi wɪl rɪˈsiv ɪˈnəf ˈdætə təˈmɑˌroʊ ˈmɔrnɪŋ tɪ plæn ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ɔn ˈməltəpəl ˈtɑrgəts. sɑl 1092 ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ ˈlɔrən ˈɛdgər: ˈstɪmsən ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns 1 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti ɪz ˈkərəntli ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ən əv ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt. ɔn sɑl 1091 ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti əkˈwaɪərd səm ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ðə ˈtɑrgəts ““pentagon,”*,” ““lebo,”*,” ““ivanhoe,”*,” ənd ““ledger”*” ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ plæn mɔr dɪˈteɪld ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ əv ðoʊz ˈtɑrgəts təˈdeɪ. ðə sɑl 1092 plæn ˌɪnˈkludz ˈtɑrgətɪd rɪˈmoʊt ˈsɛnsɪŋ ˈfɑloʊd baɪ mɔr ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns. ɪn ðə ˈmɪdˌdeɪ saɪəns blɑk, əkˈwaɪər ənd ɔn ðə ˈtɑrgəts hills”*” ənd hills”*” tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt səm əv ðə ˌɔltərˈeɪʃən ˈfiʧərz sin hir. ˈɔlsoʊ əkˈwaɪər səm lɑrʤ moʊˈzeɪɪks əv ðə ““williams”*” ˈɛriə tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə ˌsɛdəˈmɛntəri ˈstrəkʧərz. ðə plæn ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludz ə tɛst, ənd ə ˈmuvi tɪ ˈmɑnətər ðə ˈætməsˌfɪr. ɪn ðə ˌæftərˈnun, əkˈwaɪər ˈkloʊzər ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ ɔn ““lebo,”*,” ““ivanhoe,”*,” ənd ““ledger,”*,” ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wi geɪnd frəm ðə sɑl 1091 ˈfaɪndər freɪmz. sɪns "ledger”*” ɪz ə nis flæt lɛʤ, ˈɔlsoʊ ə gʊd ˈtərgət fər ðə, soʊ wi kən brəʃ əˈweɪ ðə dəst tɪ ɪkˈspoʊz ə frɛʃ ˈsərfəs. ðɛn pleɪs ðə ɔn ““ledger”*” fər ən ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən. ɪn ˈrɪli ˈərli slaɪd ðɪs wik (ˈminɪŋ ˈplænɪŋ stɑrts æt 6am*), bət ðət stɑpt ðə tim frəm ˈpʊtɪŋ təˈgɛðər səm ˈvɛri fʊl plænz! sɑl 1093 ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ ˈlɔrən ˈɛdgər: ˈlivɪŋ ðə ˈwɪljəmz ˈɛriə 2 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ˈæftər səkˈsɛsfəl ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ɔn ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt ɪn ðə ˈwɪljəmz ˈɛriə, taɪm tɪ gɪt bæk ɔn ðə roʊd. ɪn plæn ˈfɪnɪʃ əp ə fju ækˈtɪvɪtiz æt ðə ˈwɪljəmz ˈɛriə, ənd ðɛn kənˈtɪnju ɔn ɑr draɪv təˈwɔrdz ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ðə dunz. plæn kənˈsɪsts əv ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ɔn ðə ˈtɑrgəts ““interlake,”*,” ““ledger,”*,” ənd dome.”*.” ðɛn ˈɪmɪʤ ðə ““ledger”*” ˈtərgət ˈjuzɪŋ ɔl əv ðə ˈkæmərə ˈfɪltərz, ənd teɪk əˈnəðər ˈsərˌveɪ ˈɪmɪʤ tɪ lʊk fər ˈɛni ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ðə taɪm ðət bɪn hir. ˈɔlsoʊ juz tɪ lʊk æt ðə sən tɪ ˈmɛʒər ðə ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk oʊˈpæsəti. ðɛn teɪk ə ʃɔrt draɪv ənd əkˈwaɪər ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ tɪ hɛlp wɪθ ˈtɑrgətɪŋ ɪn plæn. ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ tɪ bi ˈdraɪvɪŋ əˈgɛn, ənd ʃʊr ɪnˈkaʊnər səm ˈbjutəfəl vjuz ɛz wi kənˈtɪnju tɪ draɪv θru ðɪs ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ təreɪn. sɑl 1094 ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ ˈlɔrən ˈɛdgər: ˈtərnɪŋ ɪn tɪ ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən 3 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ðə draɪv ɔn sɑl 1093 wɛnt wɛl, ənd ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti droʊv 15 ɛm təˈwɔrdz ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən. ɪn ðə sɑl 1094 plæn, draɪv fər 30 ɛm tɪ raʊnd ðə tərn ˈɪntu ðə ˈbeɪsən, ɛz wi kənˈtɪnju ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɑr weɪ θru ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt. ðiz rɑks ɪgˈzɪbɪt ə lɔt əv ˈbjutəfəl cross-bedding*, ɛz sin ɪn ðə sɑl 1093 navcams*. plæn kənˈsɪsts əv ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ɔn ðə ˈtɑrgəts ““whitewater”*” ənd ““whitefish,”*,” tu ˈtɑrgəts ðət ər wɪˈθɪn ə braɪt, bliʧt ˈɛriə nɪr ə ˈfrækʧər. ˈæftər ə ʃɔrt draɪv, teɪk ˈstændərd ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ tɪ hɛlp wɪθ ˈtɑrgətɪŋ ɪn plæn. ðə plæn ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludz ə tɛst tɪ əˈsɛs ˈtɛmpərəʧər ˈifɛkts. ˈlʊkɪŋ əˈhɛd, təˈmɑˌroʊ wɪl bi ə ˈbɪzi plæn tɪ priˈpɛr fər ðə lɔŋ ˈwiˌkɪnd! ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ ˈlɔrən ˈɛdgər: ˈleɪbərɪŋ əˈweɪ ɪn ðə stimson…*… 4 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ɛz ˈmɛni əv ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ðə juz. teɪk ə breɪk ˈoʊvər ˈleɪbər deɪ ˈwiˌkɪnd, ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti wɪl bi ˈkipɪŋ ˈbɪzi baɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ˈɛvəri ˈɪnstrəmənt ɪn hər saɪəns ˈpeɪˌloʊd! ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti ɪz ˈkərəntli ˈmeɪkɪŋ hər weɪ təˈwɔrdz ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən ənd ˈstədiɪŋ ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ. ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd plæn ɪz pækt wɪθ ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ saɪəns. ɔn sɑl 1095 əkˈwaɪər ənd ɔn ðə ˈtɑrgəts ““bullwacker,”*,” ““damnation,”*,” ənd "bootlegger,”*,” tɪ əˈsɛs ðə ˈkɛmɪstri əv səm əv ðə braɪt bændz əˈlɔŋ ˈfrækʧərz ənd əˈnɔltərd ˈbɛˌdrɑk. ˈɔlsoʊ teɪk səm moʊˈzeɪɪks tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə ˈloʊkəl ʤiˈɑləʤi. ɪn ðə ˈivnɪŋ, sæm wɪl rən ə ˌdaɪəgˈnɑstɪk tɛst, ənd wɪl dəmp ðə ˈbəkˌskɪn ˈsæmpəl ənd ˈænəˌlaɪz ən ˈɛmti sɛl tɪ priˈpɛr fər æˈnælɪsɪs əv ə fˈjuʧər drɪl ˈsæmpəl. ɔn sɑl 1096 ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti wɪl teɪk ɪt ˈizi, ənd ðə saɪəns ækˈtɪvɪtiz ˈmoʊstli ʤɪst ˌɪnˈvɑlv ˈstændərd ræd ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz. θɪŋz pɪk əp əˈgɛn ɔn sɑl 1097 wɪθ əˈnəðər saɪəns blɑk fʊl əv ənd ɔn ““hell_creek,”*,” ənd ““sober_up_creek”*” (jɛs, ðiz ər ril neɪmz əv ˈfiʧərz nɪr arlee*, mɑnˈtænə!) ənd əˈdɪʃənəl moʊˈzeɪɪks tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə ənd ˌsɛdəˈmɛntəri ˈstrəkʧərz. ðɛn juz tɪ ʧɛk aʊt ðə ˈsɛnsər, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ɔn ðə ˈtərgət ““conniption,”*,” ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈsɛvərəl dæn ˈpæsɪv ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz. ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt, ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti wɪl əkˈwaɪər ɔn ““conniption.”*.” ɔn sɑl 1098 ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti wɪl draɪv fər 35 ɛm, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ tɪ priˈpɛr fər ˈtɑrgətɪŋ nɛkst wik, ənd ən ˈivnɪŋ ˈmɑrdi ˈɪmɪʤ tɪ əˈsɛs ðə graʊnd bɪˈniθ ðə ˈroʊvər. ˈfaɪnəli, ɔn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ əv sɑl 1099 ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti wɪl teɪk ˈsɛvərəl ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz tɪ ˈmɑnətər ðə ˈætməsˌfɪr. fju! sɑl 1099 ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ kɛn herkenhoff*: ˈdraɪvɪŋ əˈgɛn 8 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 dɪd wɛl ˈoʊvər ðə lɔŋ ˈwiˌkɪnd, ɪkˈsɛpt ðət ðə sɑl 1098 draɪv wɑz ˈhɔltɪd ˈæftər 13 ˈmitərz əv ðə plænd 25 ˈmitərz bɪˈkəz ðə ˈroʊvər kʊd nɑt kənˈfərm ðət ðə pæθ əˈhɛd wɑz seɪf. soʊ ðə plæn fər ðə sɑl 1099 draɪv ɪz ɛˈsɛnʃəli tɪ kəmˈplit ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈpriviəsli plænd draɪv. ðə ˈoʊnli sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈprɑbləm aɪv hæd tɪ ˈgræpəl wɪθ təˈdeɪ ɛz ʧɛr ɪz ðət ðə læst 5 ˈriˌleɪz əv ˈdætə θru hæv rɪˈtərnd sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli lɛs ˈdætə ðən ɪkˈspɛktɪd; ɪf ðɪs ˈprɑbləm kənˈtɪnjuz, wi wɪl ˈbɛrli rɪˈsiv ɪˈnəf ˈdætə tɪ plæn əˈnəðər draɪv ɔn sɑl 1100 ˈfɔrʧənətli, ðə tim ˌəndərˈstændz ðə ˈprɑbləm ənd noʊz haʊ tɪ kərˈɛkt ɪt, ənd ðɛr ɪz ə gʊd ʧæns ðət wi wɪl rɪˈsiv ɔl ðə ˈdætə wi nid ɪn taɪm fər ˈplænɪŋ təˈmɑˌroʊ ˈmɔrnɪŋ. ðɪs ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən riˈmaɪndz mi əv haʊ məʧ wi dɪˈpɛnd ɔn ðə mɑrz ˈɔrbətərz ənd ðə timz ðət ˈɔpərˌeɪt ðɛm, ənd tɪ θæŋk ðɛm fər ðɛr kənˈtɪnjud səˈpɔrt əv ðə ˈmɪʃən. ˌbiˈfɔr ðə sɑl 1099 draɪv, wi hæv taɪm tɪ əkˈwaɪər ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz əv "ˈmɪʃən krik" ənd "ˈʧeɪmbərlɪn," pləs moʊˈzeɪɪks əv "ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən," "ˈhækli pɔɪnt," ənd "pəˈlis krik." ðə ˈroʊvər wɪl weɪk əp ˈərli ɔn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ əv sɑl 1100 tɪ əkˈwaɪər ə bɪg ˈstɛriˌoʊ moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ðə fɑr wɔl əv ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən, bɪˈkəz ðə ˌɪˌluməˈneɪʃən wɪl bi ˈbɛtər ˈərli ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ. wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ teɪk ə ˌpænərˈæmə wɪθ ðə lɛft ˈkæmərə. sɑl 1100 ˈəpˌdeɪt frəm kɛn herkenhoff*: swɔn, sunburst*, studhorse*, ɑrʧ, ənd ˈsɪlvər hɪl 9 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ðə ˈroʊvər droʊv ˈmitərz ɔn sɑl 1099 ɛz plænd, tɪ ə gʊd loʊˈkeɪʃən fər ðə ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ əv ðə ˌnɔrθˈwɛst wɔl əv ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən. ðə tim ˈvɛrəˌfaɪd ðət ðə ˈpɔɪntɪŋ əv ðə moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ðət wɔl, plænd tɪ əˈkər ˈərli ɔn sɑl 1100 ɪz ˈɛksələnt. soʊ ðə sɑl 1100 plæn ˌɪnˈkludz əˈnəðər draɪv, tɪ ðə ˌsaʊθˈwɛst ɛʤ əv ðə smɔl plæˈtoʊ ðə ˈroʊvər ɪz ɔn. ˌbiˈfɔr ðə draɪv, ənd wɪl əbˈzərv ˈnɪrˈbaɪ leɪərd rɑks dəbd "swɔn" ənd "sunburst*," ənd raɪt moʊˈzeɪɪks wɪl bi ˈteɪkən əv ˈtɑrgəts neɪmd "studhorse*," ɑrʧ" ənd "ˈsɪlvər hɪl." ˈæftər ðə draɪv, ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈstændərd ækˈtɪvɪtiz, wɪr ˈplænɪŋ ə raɪt moʊˈzeɪɪk əv bjut" ənd ə sæm ˌdaɪəgˈnɑstɪk ækˈtɪvɪti ɪn ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən fər ðə nɛkst ˈsɑləd ˈsæmpəl æˈnælɪsɪs. ˈfɪtɪŋ ɔl əv ðə dɪˈzaɪərd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ˈɪntu ðə plæn wɑz ˈʧælənʤɪŋ, ˈəðərˌwaɪz aɪv hæd ən ˈizi deɪ ɛz ʧɛr. ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz tim aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ðə kɔz əv ðə kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˈriˌleɪ ˈprɑbləm wi hæd ˈoʊvər ðə ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ ˈwiˌkɪnd, ənd sɛnt kəˈmændz tɪ ðə ˈspeɪˌskræft tɪ kərˈɛkt ɪt. wɪr ˈhæpi ðət wi ər əˈgɛn rɪˈsivɪŋ lɑts əv gʊd ˈdætə ˈviə! sɑl 1101 ˈəpˌdeɪt frəm kɛn herkenhoff*: ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈsædəl 10 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ðə draɪv plænd fər sɑl 1100 pleɪst ðə ˈroʊvər æt ðə ɛʤ əv ðə smɔl plæˈtoʊ, ɛz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd, wɪθ ə gʊd vju əv ə braɪt ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən. ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə ˈməri ɪz ðə ˈtərgət əv ðə draɪv plænd fər sɑl 1101 wɪʧ wɪl ˈhoʊpfəli pʊt ðə ˈviɪkəl ɪn pəˈzɪʃən fər ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ˈoʊvər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd. ˌbiˈfɔr ðə draɪv, ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz əv ˈtɑrgəts neɪmd "ˈbreɪdi" ənd "ˈbrædli" ər plænd, boʊθ əv wɪʧ ər ɔn ðə fɑr wɔl əv ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən. wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ əbˈzərv ə ˈʃæloʊ trɔf ɪn ðə sɔɪl nɛkst tɪ ðə ˈroʊvər krik") ənd əkˈwaɪər ə moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ðə ˈməri ɪkˈspoʊʒər, wɪʧ həz bɪn neɪmd "ˈsædəl." ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪz naʊ ˈriˌleɪɪŋ ˈdætə ɛz ɪkˈspɛktɪd, ɪt wɪl pæs loʊ ɪn ðə skaɪ ˈoʊvər ˈæftər ðə sɑl 1101 draɪv, soʊ wi ˈɑrənt ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ tɪ rɪˈsiv ɛz məʧ ˈdætə ɛz ˈjuʒəwəl. ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈʧælənʤ fər mi ɛz ʧɛr təˈdeɪ wɑz ˈðɛrˌfɔr ˈplænɪŋ ənd praɪˈɔrəˌtaɪzɪŋ ðə ˈdætə wi nid fər ˈplænɪŋ təˈmɑˌroʊ. wɪr ˈhoʊpɪŋ ðət wi gɪt æt list ɛz məʧ ˈdætə ɛz ɪkˈspɛktɪd. ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ kɛn herkenhoff*: ɑrm ˈɛrər rɪˈkəvəri 11 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ðə sɑl 1101 ækˈtɪvɪtiz ðət wi plænd ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ dɪd nɑt kəmˈplit du tɪ ən ɑrm ˈɛrər waɪl ɪt wɑz biɪŋ stoʊd. əˈpɛrəntli ðə ˈʃoʊldər ˈmoʊtər wɑz tu koʊld, soʊ ðə ˈroʊvər ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈhɔltɪd ðə stoʊ, wɪʧ prɪˈkludɪd ðə draɪv ðət wɑz tɪ ˈfɑloʊ. ðə ˈroʊvər ɪz ˈðɛrˌfɔr ɪn ðə seɪm pəˈzɪʃən ðət ɪt wɑz ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ. əm nɑt ˈskɛʤʊld ɪn ˈɛni ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənəl roʊl təˈdeɪ, bət aɪ kɔld ɪn tɪ hɛlp plæn ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ əv ðə ˈɑptɪkəl ˈwɪndoʊ, tɪ ˈmɑnətər dəst əˌkjumjəˈleɪʃən. ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz tim hæd tɪ ˈskræmbəl tɪ rɪˈkəvər frəm ðə ɑrm ˈɛrər ənd plæn saɪəns ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz, bət wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ pʊt təˈgɛðər ən ˈɛksələnt ˈwiˌkɪnd plæn. ɔn sɑl 1102 wɪl teɪk ðə ˈstændərd ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ðə ˈroʊvər wilz, ðɛn əkˈwaɪər ə fʊl swit əv ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ə rɑk dəbd "ˈbæˌdlændz." wɪl ðɛn bi pleɪst ɔn ðə rɑk fər ən ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən. ɑrm wərk wɪl kənˈtɪnju ɔn sɑl 1103 wɪθ ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ðə ˈwɪndoʊ. ðɛn ənd wɪl əbˈzərv ˈtɑrgəts neɪmd "ˈmædɪsən" ənd "ˈʤɛfərsən." ɔn sɑl 1104 ðə ənd wɪl teɪk ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ə braɪt rɪʤ ɔn ðə flæŋk əv ˈɛmˈti. ʃɑrp, ðɛn ənd wɪl əbˈzərv "ˈlɪŋkən." wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ əkˈwaɪər əˈnəðər moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ðə wɔl əv ˈbrɪʤər ˈbeɪsən, ðɛn ðə ˈroʊvər wɪl draɪv tɪ ðə braɪt ˈməri "ˈsædəl" ɛz plænd ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ. ˈfɔrʧənətli, ðə sɑl 1104 ˈɔrbətər ˈoʊvərˌflaɪt ʤiˈɑmətri ɪz ˈbɛtər ðən ɪt wɑz ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ, soʊ wi ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ rɪˈsiv ɔl ðə ˈdætə ˈnidɪd fər ˈplænɪŋ ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ. ˈfaɪnəli, ˈərli ɔn sɑl 1105 ənd wɪl əbˈzərv ðə sən ənd skaɪ sun ˈæftər ðə mɑrz ˈɑdəsi ˈɔrbətər flaɪz ˈoʊvər, soʊ ðət ˈɔrbətər ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz kən bi kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ ˈnɪrli ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəs ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz frəm ðə ˈsərfəs. ˈoʊvərˌɔl, nɑt ə bæd plæn, kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðət ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz tim hæd tɪ kˈwɪkli rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ðə ɑrm ˈɛrər! sɑl 1105 ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ ˈlɔrən ˈɛdgər: ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns 14 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ˈoʊvər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd, ˌkjʊriˈɑsəti hæd ə səkˈsɛsfəl 21 ɛm draɪv, ənd ˈkərəntli pɑrkt ɪn frənt əv ə ˈbjutəfəl əv ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən (ʃoʊn ɪn ðə ˈbɑtəm hæf əv ðə əˈbəv ˈɪmɪʤ, ˈoʊvərˌleɪn baɪ ˈstɪmsən). ˈmoʊstli bɪn ˈdraɪvɪŋ θru ðə ˈstɪmsən ˈjunɪt fər ðə pæst 280 ɛm, soʊ ðɪs ɪz ə greɪt ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ du ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ɔn ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ lʊk fər ˈɛni ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən ər greɪn saɪz. aɪ wɑz ðə ʤiˈɑləʤi θim lɛd təˈdeɪ, ənd ɑr plæn kənˈsɪsts əv aʊərz əv ˈtɑrgətɪd rɪˈmoʊt saɪəns, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns. wi plænd ˈsɛvərəl ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ɔn ðə ˈtɑrgəts ““winnipeg,”*,” ““alma,”*,” ənd ““blackjack.”*.” ““winnipeg”*” ɪz ə ˈtərgət ɪn ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən ðət ˈɔlsoʊ əˈsɛs wɪθ ənd. ““alma”*” ɪz eɪmd æt ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪzɪŋ ðə ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkɑnˌtækt, ənd ““blackjack”*” ɪz ə rɪˈzɪstənt lɛʤ wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən. ˈɔlsoʊ əkˈwaɪər ə ˈkəpəl əv moʊˈzeɪɪks tɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ðə ˈkɑnˌtækt ənd ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪz ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈstrəkʧər ənd stratification*, ənd ə tɪ əˈsɛs ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk oʊˈpæsəti. ɪn ðə ˌæftərˈnun əkˈwaɪər ˈsɛvərəl ˈɪmɪʤɪz əv ðə ““sacajawea”*” ˈtərgət tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ə rɪˈzɪstənt lɛʤ. ðɛn juz ðə tɪ brəʃ ɔf ðə dəst ɔn ““winnipeg”*” ənd teɪk səm ˈrɪli kloʊz ˈɪmɪʤɪz tɪ lʊk fər greɪn saɪz ˌvɛriˈeɪʃənz. ˈoʊvərˈnaɪt, juz tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən əv ðə ““winnipeg”*” ˈtərgət. sɑl 1106 ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ ˈlɔrən ˈɛdgər: ˈsərʧɪŋ fər ðə nɛkst ˈdrɪlɪŋ loʊˈkeɪʃən 15 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ˈæftər səm əˈdɪʃənəl ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns ɔn ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən (əv ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən ʃoʊn ɪn ðə əˈbəv ˈɪmɪʤ), naʊ ɪn sərʧ əv ə gʊd ˈsænˌstoʊn fər ɑr nɛkst drɪl ˈtərgət. ðə goʊl əv plæn ɪz tɪ draɪv təˈwɔrdz ə braɪt pæʧ əv ðət wɑz fərst aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɪn ˈɔrbətəl ˈɪmɪʤɪz, ənd tɪ si ɪf ðɪs ɪz ən ˈɛriə ðət wi maɪt wɔnt tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ˈfərðər. plæn ˌɪnˈkludz ən aʊər əv ˈtɑrgətɪd saɪəns, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ə ʃɔrt draɪv təˈwɔrdz ðə braɪt, ənd ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ fər ˈtɑrgətɪŋ. ɪn ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ saɪəns blɑk, əkˈwaɪər ənd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz əv ðə ˈtɑrgəts ““prichard”*” ənd creek”*” tɪ lʊk fər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən θru ðə ˈməri fɔrˈmeɪʃən. wi ˈɔlsoʊ plænd ə moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ðə ““vaughn”*” ˈɛriə tɪ ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ðə ˈkɑnˌtækt. ðɛn əkˈwaɪər ə moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ðə ““rice”*” ˈɛriə tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə braɪt pæʧ frəm ɑr ˈkɑrənt loʊˈkeɪʃən. ˈæftər ə ʃɔrt 12 ɛm draɪv, əkˈwaɪər ˈstændərd ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ, ɛz wɛl ɛz əˈnəðər lɑrʤ moʊˈzeɪɪk əv ðə ““rice”*” ˈɛriə. ɛz ðə ʤiˈɑləʤi θim lɛd təˈdeɪ, aɪ hæd tɪ ˈbæləns praɪˈɔrətiz tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət gɪt ɔl əv ðə ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈɪmɪʤɪŋ daʊn ɪn taɪm tɪ meɪk ə dɪˈsɪʒən təˈmɑˌroʊ (ɪz ðɪs ə gʊd pleɪs tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ˈfərðər? ər ʃʊd wi kip ˈdraɪvɪŋ?). weɪt tɪ si wət ðə nu ˈɪmɪʤɪz wɪl rɪˈvil! sɑl 1108 ˈəpˌdeɪt baɪ kɛn herkenhoff*: ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈdætə fər ˈplænɪŋ 17 sɛpˈtɛmbər 2015 ðə draɪv plænd fər sɑl 1107 kəmˈplitɪd ɛz plænd, ˈpleɪsɪŋ ðə ˈroʊvər ɪn frənt əv ðə braɪt əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst. ɛz ɪkˈspɛktɪd, ˈoʊnli ə fju ˈɪmɪʤɪz wər rɪˈsivd ɪn taɪm fər sɑl 1108 ˈplænɪŋ, wɪʧ meɪd ɪt mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt ðən ˈjuʒəwəl tɪ pɪk ˈtɑrgəts fər rɪˈmoʊt ˈsɛnsɪŋ ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ənd ˈdraɪvɪŋ. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wi faʊnd səm braɪt blɑks ðət ðə ˈroʊvər ˈplænərz kənˈfərmd wʊd bi gʊd ˈtɑrgəts fər ˈkɑnˌtækt saɪəns, ənd plæn ɪz tɪ əˈproʊʧ ənd ˈstədi ðɛm ðɪs ˈwiˌkɪnd. bət fərst ənd wɪl əbˈzərv ˈnɪrˈbaɪ rɑk ənd sɔɪl ˈtɑrgəts neɪmd "sfɪŋks," "haʊl," ənd "juˈtoʊpiə." ˈæftər ðə ʃɔrt draɪv, wi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd nɑt tɪ əkˈwaɪər ðə ˈjuʒəwəl stoʊd ˈɪmɪʤ ənd ˈmɑrdi tˈwaɪˌlaɪt ˈɪmɪʤ, ɛz ðə vju frəm wɪl nɑt bi ˈvɛri ˈdɪfərənt ðən ðə ˈpriviəs ˈɪmɪʤ, ənd wi kænt əkˈwaɪər ðə ˈmɑrdi ˈɪmɪʤ wɪn wi wʊd laɪk bɪˈkəz ðɛr wɪl bi ə mɑrz ˈɑdəsi kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˈsɛʃən æt ðət taɪm. wi kən əkˈwaɪər ðiz ˈɪmɪʤɪz ɔn sɑl 1109 ˈɛniˌweɪ. soʊ ɪt wɑz ən ˈizi deɪ fər mi ɛz ˈuˌplɪŋk lɛd təˈdeɪ, ənd aɪ hɛlpt pɪk ˈtɑrgəts.
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microsoft hasn't pushed gaming enough on windows phone, which has been adequately covered in our series of editorials by paul acevedo. we've gone into some detail as to who microsoft can save games for windows phone, but it seems the company does have plans to tackle the issue. still aiming for the "three screens" goal, microsoft is looking to release some titles in the future to take advantage of support.
it makes perfect sense. windows phone. windows pc (and tablets).. that's a massive family of potential with powering the video game console industry, windows advancing the desktop environment and windows phone sporting live connectivity. it's a recipe for success, but microsoft really has to step up its game to take full advantage of the integration with microsoft account. this will require developers to be to produce content. senior live product marketing manager peter has promised that microsoft is going after mobile in a big way, urging developers to take full advantage of live servers to build games with asynchronous multiplayer elements and cloud storage. during a phone conversation with pc world, confirmed that at least two more titles are coming to the windows store. it's reported these games will enable consumers to start a game on a device of choice, pause it, and start again on a completely different platform where the state was paused. for example, you could be battling hard on a windows 8 tablet on the train, to then continue on windows phone while on the move through the station. it's exactly how we all imagine live gaming to be, with windows phone at the very heart of the experience alongside and windows 8.
indie game armed! is
orullian points out that music, video and games apps that are bundled with windows phone, windows and are proof that microsoft is committed to unifying digital entertainment across a number of devices, within the new windows ecosystem. unfortunately, this hasn't quite become the story for gaming, which surely has to change should it become anything but a failure. the pc world article brings up a point which many windows phone owners have shouted about since the platform launched. live games don't actually sport special functionality with live, beyond being a dumping ground for achievements. fast-paced multiplayer would be difficult to implement correctly, taking into account multiple form factors and control layouts, but gameplay is definitely a perfect suit for microsoft's approach. the company already knows this, cue skulls of the shogun.
skulls of the shogun proves microsoft can do it
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ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ˈhæzənt pʊʃt ˈgeɪmɪŋ ɪˈnəf ɔn ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn, wɪʧ həz bɪn ˈædəkwɪtli ˈkəvərd ɪn ɑr ˈsɪriz əv ˌɛdəˈtɔriəlz baɪ pɔl æsəˈveɪdoʊ. wiv gɔn ˈɪntu səm ˈditeɪl ɛz tɪ hu ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft kən seɪv geɪmz fər ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn, bət ɪt simz ðə ˈkəmpəˌni dɪz hæv plænz tɪ ˈtækəl ðə ˈɪʃu. stɪl ˈeɪmɪŋ fər ðə "θri skrinz" goʊl, ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ɪz ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ riˈlis səm ˈtaɪtəlz ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər tɪ teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv səˈpɔrt. ɪt meɪks ˈpərˌfɪkt sɛns. ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn. ˈwɪndoʊz ˈpiˈsi (ənd ˈtæbləts).. ðæts ə ˈmæsɪv ˈfæməli əv pəˈtɛnʃəl wɪθ paʊərɪŋ ðə ˈvɪdioʊ geɪm ˈkɑnsoʊl ˈɪndəstri, ˈwɪndoʊz ədˈvænsɪŋ ðə ˈdɛskˌtɑp ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ənd ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn ˈspɔrtɪŋ lɪv kənɛkˈtɪvɪti. ɪts ə ˈrɛsəpi fər səkˈsɛs, bət ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ˈrɪli həz tɪ stɛp əp ɪts geɪm tɪ teɪk fʊl ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ðə ˌɪnəˈgreɪʃən wɪθ ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft əˈkaʊnt. ðɪs wɪl ˌrikˈwaɪər dɪˈvɛləpərz tɪ bi tɪ ˈproʊdus ˈkɑntɛnt. ˈsinjər lɪv ˈprɑdəkt ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˈmænɪʤər ˈpitər həz ˈprɑməst ðət ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ɪz goʊɪŋ ˈæftər ˈmoʊbəl ɪn ə bɪg weɪ, ˈərʤɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpərz tɪ teɪk fʊl ædˈvæntɪʤ əv lɪv ˈsərvərz tɪ bɪld geɪmz wɪθ ˈeɪˈsɪŋkrənəs ˈməltiˌpleɪər ˈɛləmənts ənd klaʊd ˈstɔrɪʤ. ˈdʊrɪŋ ə foʊn ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ ˈpiˈsi wərld, kənˈfərmd ðət æt list tu mɔr ˈtaɪtəlz ər ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈwɪndoʊz stɔr. ɪts ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðiz geɪmz wɪl ɪˈneɪbəl kənˈsumərz tɪ stɑrt ə geɪm ɔn ə dɪˈvaɪs əv ʧɔɪs, pɔz ɪt, ənd stɑrt əˈgɛn ɔn ə kəmˈplitli ˈdɪfərənt ˈplætˌfɔrm wɛr ðə steɪt wɑz pɔzd. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ju kʊd bi ˈbætəlɪŋ hɑrd ɔn ə ˈwɪndoʊz 8 ˈtæblət ɔn ðə treɪn, tɪ ðɛn kənˈtɪnju ɔn ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn waɪl ɔn ðə muv θru ðə ˈsteɪʃən. ɪts ɪgˈzæktli haʊ wi ɔl ˌɪˈmæʤən lɪv ˈgeɪmɪŋ tɪ bi, wɪθ ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn æt ðə ˈvɛri hɑrt əv ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ənd ˈwɪndoʊz 8 ˈɪndi geɪm ɑrmd! ɪz pɔɪnts aʊt ðət mˈjuzɪk, ˈvɪdioʊ ənd geɪmz æps ðət ər ˈbəndəld wɪθ ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn, ˈwɪndoʊz ənd ər pruf ðət ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft ɪz kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ˈjunəˌfaɪɪŋ ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt əˈkrɔs ə ˈnəmbər əv dɪˈvaɪsɪz, wɪˈθɪn ðə nu ˈwɪndoʊz ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, ðɪs ˈhæzənt kwaɪt bɪˈkəm ðə ˈstɔri fər ˈgeɪmɪŋ, wɪʧ ˈʃʊrli həz tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ʃʊd ɪt bɪˈkəm ˈɛniˌθɪŋ bət ə ˈfeɪljər. ðə ˈpiˈsi wərld ˈɑrtɪkəl brɪŋz əp ə pɔɪnt wɪʧ ˈmɛni ˈwɪndoʊz foʊn ˈoʊnərz hæv ˈʃaʊtɪd əˈbaʊt sɪns ðə ˈplætˌfɔrm lɔnʧt. lɪv geɪmz doʊnt ˈæˌkʧuəli spɔrt ˈspɛʃəl ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti wɪθ lɪv, bɪɔnd biɪŋ ə ˈdəmpɪŋ graʊnd fər əˈʧivmənts. ˌfæstˈpeɪst ˈməltiˌpleɪər wʊd bi ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt kərˈɛktli, ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt ˈməltəpəl fɔrm ˈfæktərz ənd kənˈtroʊl leɪaʊts, bət ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ ɪz ˈdɛfənətli ə ˈpərˌfɪkt sut fər ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔfts əˈproʊʧ. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ɔˈrɛdi noʊz ðɪs, kju skəlz əv ðə ˈʃoʊgən. skəlz əv ðə ˈʃoʊgən pruvz ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft kən du ɪt
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nashville, tenn. premium power hitters often get to the open market, which is why the free agency of chris davis is one worth keeping a close eye on for the toronto blue jays.
the baltimore orioles are said to have tabled their slugger an offer of $150 million over seven years, and he is reportedly looking to crack $200 million. if edwin encarnacion and jose bautista, both eligible for free agency next fall, catching your attention.
whatever number davis lands at offer an exact barometer of the future for the blue jays power duo should they reach the marketplace they hit home runs but are different players with significantly different variables but it will offer some indication of how other teams value power.
we know already how stupid the money has gotten for upper- and starters this and now davis, jason heyward, cespedes and justin upton are looking to get theirs.
“these would be unique guys in free agency, if you look at the circumstances around them for both performance levels and other things as well,” blue jays president and ceo mark shapiro said of his sluggers wednesday at the winter meetings. “you never know what a free agent market is going to be until in it, where the risk comes in for the player. you just know what going to be.”
the reasonable guess, especially if they can perform similarly next season to the way they did this past one, is that the market for them is going to be rather robust. as a general rule, these types of players tend to get cheaper.
“we’ve seen a dramatic reduction in power and the ability to hit even 30 home runs,” said agent scott boras, who represents davis, among other prime free agents. “it’s something really going to be a commodity in the future.”
worth noting, too, is that the new york yankees have at least $38 million coming off the books next year when the contracts for mark teixeira and carlos beltran expire, which could mark their return to free agency and significantly alter the market. put all together, if the blue jays want to lock up one or both of their sluggers beyond 2016, better off doing it sooner rather than later.
that being said, shapiro certainly changed the conversation wednesday by saying he does have an interest in extending both players, but also explaining that there are enough other things on the plate right now that take a higher priority. between filling out the 2016 roster, building up depth, restructuring the front office and preparing for up to nine arbitration cases in january, the blue jays have plenty to work through.
“we’ve only got so many human beings who can lift the rocks up the hill,” said shapiro, adding later: “at some point we will turn our attention away from this team, at least a portion of it, and start looking at those contract issues and the other things that lurk for us.”
there are also planning questions, particularly when it comes to the payroll for 2017 and beyond, the blue jays will need a better grasp of before they can make the type of financial commitment that will be required to encarnacion bautista.
“it’s a business so you know where revenues are now, you know where you hope to grow them to, you know what it could mean if you have a winning year this year to continue to grow upon last year, so you start to get some ideas of where the upper range of payrolls might be,” said shapiro. “obviously team performance will be a big part of that.”
another issue is the weakened canadian dollar and its growing gap against the american greenback. shapiro insisted the 2016 payroll will be higher than that in 2015, but when asked if that is partly because the same amount of u.s. money is more expensive now than last season, he replied: “the exchange rate has a factor on expenses.”
as things stand now, the blue jays have an estimated $135 million committed to their roster. for 2017, they have $67.5 million committed to four players, $53 million on the books to three players in 2018, although josh donaldson will be making major money in arbitration those seasons and that needs to be considered, too.
if the payroll rise substantially from the $135-$140-million range believed to be at right now, the blue jays will have a very hard time in both bautista and encarnacion.
asked if they could afford to extend both players, shapiro replied: “theoretically, at the expense of other players, yes. the question gets back to what would the team look like around them if you did that, what are your revenues going to be, where will your payroll be. we have certainty on a lot of those things right now. as time goes on get more and more of those answers.”
time, however, is not necessarily on the blue jays’ side.
encarnacion’s representatives made it clear to the blue jays that he want negotiations extending into the regular season. ideally, neither he nor bautista has to deal with the distraction while trying to help defend the american league east championship.
additionally, the closer a player gets to free agency, the less incentive he typically has to sign an extension without learning how the market values him.
“we’ll be respectful of a wishes, but not going to be black and white,” shapiro said of deadline. “so we may say, ‘hey, is there an ability to revisit it for three days over the all-star break when not playing? is that something you want no matter what?’ one of the reasons agents exist, to deflect that from a player. going to know their player. so never going to set rules that are so rock solid that we reconsider them if it benefits both parties. the underlying desire is always going to be to keep a player like that here.”
the blue jays kept both bautista and encarnacion in toronto the last time they approached free agency with what turned out to be very deals.
bautista’s contract signed in february 2011 will pay him a total of $78 million over six years, while deal agreed to july 2012 will pay him a total of $37 million over four years. both are believed to want to stay, but neither is likely to offer a major hometown discount.
“a contract is about sharing risk and can you find that sweet spot where the player feels good about the risk taking, giving up what could be out there on the open marketplace, and the club has to assess what risks exist for them, either in health, performance or the other circumstances, which is team performance, revenue, all the other things that go into building a team,” said shapiro.
“right now, got some other things got to take care of. these jobs are got balls up in the air, and to be successful you have to prioritize. those are big issues that are looming but right now got to fill some spots on this team. in order to have the best team possible to ensure the best sources of revenue and the most excitement for our fans, what we need to focus on right now is
searching for the sweet spot will mean a whole lot more than just putting barrel to baseball this spring training for the blue jays.
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ˈnæʃvɪl, tɛn. ˈprimiəm paʊər ˈhɪtərz ˈɔfən gɪt tɪ ðə ˈoʊpən ˈmɑrkɪt, wɪʧ ɪz waɪ ðə fri ˈeɪʤənsi əv krɪs ˈdeɪvɪs ɪz wən wərθ ˈkipɪŋ ə kloʊz aɪ ɔn fər ðə tərˈɑntoʊ blu ʤeɪz. ðə ˈbɔltəˌmɔr ˈɔriˌoʊlz ər sɛd tɪ hæv ˈteɪbəld ðɛr sˈləgər ən ˈɔfər əv 150 ˈmɪljən ˈoʊvər ˈsɛvən jɪrz, ənd hi ɪz rɪˈpɔrtədli ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ kræk 200 ˈmɪljən. ɪf ˈɛdwɪn ɛnˌkɑrnɑsˈjɔn ənd ˌhoʊˈzeɪ bɔˈtistə, boʊθ ˈɛlɪʤəbəl fər fri ˈeɪʤənsi nɛkst fɔl, ˈkæʧɪŋ jʊr əˈtɛnʃən. ˌwəˈtɛvər ˈnəmbər ˈdeɪvɪs lændz æt ˈɔfər ən ɪgˈzækt bərˈɑmɪtər əv ðə fˈjuʧər fər ðə blu ʤeɪz paʊər ˈduoʊ ʃʊd ðeɪ riʧ ðə ˈmɑrkɪtˌpleɪs ðeɪ hɪt hoʊm rənz bət ər ˈdɪfərənt pleɪərz wɪθ sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˈdɪfərənt ˈvɛriəbəlz bət ɪt wɪl ˈɔfər səm ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən əv haʊ ˈəðər timz ˈvælju paʊər. wi noʊ ɔˈrɛdi haʊ ˈstupɪd ðə ˈməni həz ˈgɔtən fər ˈəpər- ənd ˈstɑrtərz ðɪs ənd naʊ ˈdeɪvɪs, ˈʤeɪsən ˈheɪwərd, seɪˈspeɪdɛs ənd ˈʤəstɪn ˈəptən ər ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ gɪt ðɛrz. wʊd bi juˈnik gaɪz ɪn fri ˈeɪʤənsi, ɪf ju lʊk æt ðə ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz əraʊnd ðɛm fər boʊθ pərˈfɔrməns ˈlɛvəlz ənd ˈəðər θɪŋz ɛz well,”*,” blu ʤeɪz ˈprɛzɪdənt ənd ˈsiˌiˈoʊ mɑrk ʃəˈpɪroʊ sɛd əv hɪz sˈləgərz ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ æt ðə ˈwɪntər ˈmitɪŋz. ˈnɛvər noʊ wət ə fri ˈeɪʤənt ˈmɑrkɪt ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ənˈtɪl ɪn ɪt, wɛr ðə rɪsk kəmz ɪn fər ðə pleɪər. ju ʤɪst noʊ wət goʊɪŋ tɪ be.”*.” ðə ˈrizənəbəl gɛs, əˈspɛʃəli ɪf ðeɪ kən pərˈfɔrm ˈsɪmələrli nɛkst ˈsizən tɪ ðə weɪ ðeɪ dɪd ðɪs pæst wən, ɪz ðət ðə ˈmɑrkɪt fər ðɛm ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈrəðər roʊˈbəst. ɛz ə ˈʤɛnərəl rul, ðiz taɪps əv pleɪərz tɛnd tɪ gɪt ˈʧipər. sin ə drəˈmætɪk rɪˈdəkʃən ɪn paʊər ənd ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ hɪt ˈivɪn 30 hoʊm runs,”*,” sɛd ˈeɪʤənt skɑt boras*, hu ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ˈdeɪvɪs, əˈməŋ ˈəðər praɪm fri ˈeɪʤənts. ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈrɪli goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ə kəˈmɑdəti ɪn ðə future.”*.” wərθ ˈnoʊtɪŋ, tu, ɪz ðət ðə nu jɔrk ˈjæŋkiz hæv æt list 38 ˈmɪljən ˈkəmɪŋ ɔf ðə bʊks nɛkst jɪr wɪn ðə ˈkɑnˌtrækts fər mɑrk təkˈsɛrə ənd ˈkɑrloʊs ˈbɛltrən ɪkˈspaɪr, wɪʧ kʊd mɑrk ðɛr rɪˈtərn tɪ fri ˈeɪʤənsi ənd sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˈɔltər ðə ˈmɑrkɪt. pʊt ɔl təˈgɛðər, ɪf ðə blu ʤeɪz wɔnt tɪ lɑk əp wən ər boʊθ əv ðɛr sˈləgərz bɪɔnd 2016 ˈbɛtər ɔf duɪŋ ɪt ˈsunər ˈrəðər ðən ˈleɪtər. ðət biɪŋ sɛd, ʃəˈpɪroʊ ˈsərtənli ʧeɪnʤd ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ baɪ seɪɪŋ hi dɪz hæv ən ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ɪkˈstɛndɪŋ boʊθ pleɪərz, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ ðət ðɛr ər ɪˈnəf ˈəðər θɪŋz ɔn ðə pleɪt raɪt naʊ ðət teɪk ə haɪər praɪˈɔrəti. bɪtˈwin ˈfɪlɪŋ aʊt ðə 2016 ˈrɑstər, ˈbɪldɪŋ əp dɛpθ, riˈstrəkʧərɪŋ ðə frənt ˈɔfəs ənd pərˈpɛrɪŋ fər əp tɪ naɪn ˌɑrbɪˈtreɪʃən ˈkeɪsɪz ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, ðə blu ʤeɪz hæv ˈplɛnti tɪ wərk θru. ˈoʊnli gɑt soʊ ˈmɛni ˈjumən biɪŋz hu kən lɪft ðə rɑks əp ðə hill,”*,” sɛd ʃəˈpɪroʊ, ˈædɪŋ ˈleɪtər: səm pɔɪnt wi wɪl tərn ɑr əˈtɛnʃən əˈweɪ frəm ðɪs tim, æt list ə ˈpɔrʃən əv ɪt, ənd stɑrt ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðoʊz ˈkɑnˌtrækt ˈɪʃuz ənd ðə ˈəðər θɪŋz ðət lərk fər us.”*.” ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈplænɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ðə ˈpeɪˌroʊl fər 2017 ənd bɪɔnd, ðə blu ʤeɪz wɪl nid ə ˈbɛtər græsp əv ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ kən meɪk ðə taɪp əv ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl kəˈmɪtmənt ðət wɪl bi rikˈwaɪərd tɪ ɛnˌkɑrnɑsˈjɔn bɔˈtistə. ə ˈbɪznɪs soʊ ju noʊ wɛr ˈrɛvəˌnuz ər naʊ, ju noʊ wɛr ju hoʊp tɪ groʊ ðɛm tɪ, ju noʊ wət ɪt kʊd min ɪf ju hæv ə ˈwɪnɪŋ jɪr ðɪs jɪr tɪ kənˈtɪnju tɪ groʊ əˈpɑn læst jɪr, soʊ ju stɑrt tɪ gɪt səm aɪˈdiəz əv wɛr ðə ˈəpər reɪnʤ əv ˈpeɪˌroʊlz maɪt be,”*,” sɛd ʃəˈpɪroʊ. tim pərˈfɔrməns wɪl bi ə bɪg pɑrt əv that.”*.” əˈnəðər ˈɪʃu ɪz ðə ˈwikənd kəˈneɪdiən ˈdɔlər ənd ɪts groʊɪŋ gæp əˈgɛnst ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈgrinˌbæk. ʃəˈpɪroʊ ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd ðə 2016 ˈpeɪˌroʊl wɪl bi haɪər ðən ðət ɪn 2015 bət wɪn æst ɪf ðət ɪz ˈpɑrtli bɪˈkəz ðə seɪm əˈmaʊnt əv juz. ˈməni ɪz mɔr ɪkˈspɛnsɪv naʊ ðən læst ˈsizən, hi rɪˈplaɪd: ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ reɪt həz ə ˈfæktər ɔn expenses.”*.” ɛz θɪŋz stænd naʊ, ðə blu ʤeɪz hæv ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd 135 ˈmɪljən kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ðɛr ˈrɑstər. fər 2017 ðeɪ hæv ˈmɪljən kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ fɔr pleɪərz, 53 ˈmɪljən ɔn ðə bʊks tɪ θri pleɪərz ɪn 2018 ˌɔlˈðoʊ ʤɑʃ ˈdɑnəldsən wɪl bi ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈmeɪʤər ˈməni ɪn ˌɑrbɪˈtreɪʃən ðoʊz ˈsizənz ənd ðət nidz tɪ bi kənˈsɪdərd, tu. ɪf ðə ˈpeɪˌroʊl raɪz səbˈstænʃəli frəm ðə reɪnʤ bɪˈlivd tɪ bi æt raɪt naʊ, ðə blu ʤeɪz wɪl hæv ə ˈvɛri hɑrd taɪm ɪn boʊθ bɔˈtistə ənd ɛnˌkɑrnɑsˈjɔn. æst ɪf ðeɪ kʊd əˈfɔrd tɪ ɪkˈstɛnd boʊθ pleɪərz, ʃəˈpɪroʊ rɪˈplaɪd: ““theoretically*, æt ðə ɪkˈspɛns əv ˈəðər pleɪərz, jɛs. ðə kˈwɛʃən gɪts bæk tɪ wət wʊd ðə tim lʊk laɪk əraʊnd ðɛm ɪf ju dɪd ðət, wət ər jʊr ˈrɛvəˌnuz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi, wɛr wɪl jʊr ˈpeɪˌroʊl bi. wi hæv ˈsərtənti ɔn ə lɔt əv ðoʊz θɪŋz raɪt naʊ. ɛz taɪm goʊz ɔn gɪt mɔr ənd mɔr əv ðoʊz answers.”*.” taɪm, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪz nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ɔn ðə blu jays’*’ saɪd. ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz meɪd ɪt klɪr tɪ ðə blu ʤeɪz ðət hi wɔnt nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz ɪkˈstɛndɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈrɛgjələr ˈsizən. aɪˈdili, ˈniðər hi nɔr bɔˈtistə həz tɪ dil wɪθ ðə dɪˈstrækʃən waɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ hɛlp dɪˈfɛnd ðə əˈmɛrɪkən lig ist ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, ðə ˈkloʊzər ə pleɪər gɪts tɪ fri ˈeɪʤənsi, ðə lɛs ˌɪnˈsɛnɪv hi ˈtɪpɪkəli həz tɪ saɪn ən ɪkˈstɛnʃən wɪˈθaʊt ˈlərnɪŋ haʊ ðə ˈmɑrkɪt ˈvæljuz ɪm. bi rɪˈspɛktfəl əv ə ˈwɪʃɪz, bət nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ bi blæk ənd white,”*,” ʃəˈpɪroʊ sɛd əv ˈdɛˌdlaɪn. wi meɪ seɪ, ‘‘hey*, ɪz ðɛr ən əˈbɪləˌti tɪ riˈvɪzɪt ɪt fər θri deɪz ˈoʊvər ðə ˌɔlˈstɑr breɪk wɪn nɑt pleɪɪŋ? ɪz ðət ˈsəmθɪŋ ju wɔnt noʊ ˈmætər what?’*?’ wən əv ðə ˈrizənz ˈeɪʤənts ɪgˈzɪst, tɪ dɪˈflɛkt ðət frəm ə pleɪər. goʊɪŋ tɪ noʊ ðɛr pleɪər. soʊ ˈnɛvər goʊɪŋ tɪ sɛt rulz ðət ər soʊ rɑk ˈsɑləd ðət wi ˌrikənˈsɪdər ðɛm ɪf ɪt ˈbɛnəfɪts boʊθ ˈpɑrtiz. ðə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ dɪˈzaɪər ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi tɪ kip ə pleɪər laɪk ðət here.”*.” ðə blu ʤeɪz kɛpt boʊθ bɔˈtistə ənd ɛnˌkɑrnɑsˈjɔn ɪn tərˈɑntoʊ ðə læst taɪm ðeɪ əˈproʊʧt fri ˈeɪʤənsi wɪθ wət tərnd aʊt tɪ bi ˈvɛri dilz. ˈkɑnˌtrækt saɪnd ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2011 wɪl peɪ ɪm ə ˈtoʊtəl əv 78 ˈmɪljən ˈoʊvər sɪks jɪrz, waɪl dil əˈgrid tɪ ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2012 wɪl peɪ ɪm ə ˈtoʊtəl əv 37 ˈmɪljən ˈoʊvər fɔr jɪrz. boʊθ ər bɪˈlivd tɪ wɔnt tɪ steɪ, bət ˈniðər ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ ˈɔfər ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈhoʊmˌtaʊn ˈdɪskaʊnt. ˈkɑnˌtrækt ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈʃɛrɪŋ rɪsk ənd kən ju faɪnd ðət swit spɑt wɛr ðə pleɪər filz gʊd əˈbaʊt ðə rɪsk ˈteɪkɪŋ, ˈgɪvɪŋ əp wət kʊd bi aʊt ðɛr ɔn ðə ˈoʊpən ˈmɑrkɪtˌpleɪs, ənd ðə kləb həz tɪ əˈsɛs wət rɪsks ɪgˈzɪst fər ðɛm, ˈiðər ɪn hɛlθ, pərˈfɔrməns ər ðə ˈəðər ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz, wɪʧ ɪz tim pərˈfɔrməns, ˈrɛvəˌnu, ɔl ðə ˈəðər θɪŋz ðət goʊ ˈɪntu ˈbɪldɪŋ ə team,”*,” sɛd ʃəˈpɪroʊ. naʊ, gɑt səm ˈəðər θɪŋz gɑt tɪ teɪk kɛr əv. ðiz ʤɑbz ər gɑt bɔlz əp ɪn ðə ɛr, ənd tɪ bi səkˈsɛsfəl ju hæv tɪ praɪˈɔrəˌtaɪz. ðoʊz ər bɪg ˈɪʃuz ðət ər ˈlumɪŋ bət raɪt naʊ gɑt tɪ fɪl səm spɑts ɔn ðɪs tim. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ hæv ðə bɛst tim ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðə bɛst ˈsɔrsəz əv ˈrɛvəˌnu ənd ðə moʊst ɪkˈsaɪtmənt fər ɑr fænz, wət wi nid tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn raɪt naʊ ɪz ˈsərʧɪŋ fər ðə swit spɑt wɪl min ə hoʊl lɔt mɔr ðən ʤɪst ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈbɛrəl tɪ ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ðɪs spərɪŋ ˈtreɪnɪŋ fər ðə blu ʤeɪz.
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winamp will be soon retired, unless microsoft buys it, so users who are still running it right now will clearly have no other option than to switch to another media player.
there are countless options out there, but it could actually be really hard to choose an application that has what it takes to replace.
truth is, has a pretty rich feature lineup, so whatever app you choose, it obviously needs to come with themes, plugins, support for the most audio and video formats on the market and plenty of options.
and still, this pretty much depends on the user, as some prefer to stick to a rather simple interface, while others go for a modern look that provides quick access to the main features of the media player.
as said, there are plenty of apps out there that could replace, but picked five of them to lend you a hand when the moment to abandon the famous media player finally comes. of course, if you feel like another app should be added to this list, just drop us a line in the comment box after the jump and going to update this article.
1. media player
there is absolutely no doubt that media player has what it takes to successfully replace. mostly focused on video playing, but boasting superior performance for audio playback too, has all the things a windows user would hope to get from a freeware app.
vlc comes with themes, plugins, a plethora of options, and, really important, reduced footprint on system performance.
vlc is available not only on windows, but also on linux, mac os x, ios, and android, and will soon arrive on windows too. of course, is offered free of charge, so make sure you give it a try when ready to abandon.
2. apple itunes
apple’s very own itunes is more than just a regular media player. itunes has been designed to help users subscribe to podcasts, play music files, manage the local library, create playlists, and listen to radio stations with minimum effort.
at the same time, it also helps iphone, ipad, and ipod users synchronize their local libraries with their gadgets, but such a feature really count when looking for a replacement.
if something that you might hate about itunes, the visual interface. itunes is far from being an app and apple implemented skin support, so stuck with the standard look.
what’s more, itunes could also slow down your computer a little bit, but still worth a look.
3.
foobar is a very lightweight and simple application currently being used by millions of consumers across the world. freeware and compatible with all windows versions on the market, be they 32- or 64-bit, supports the majority of audio formats, including and aac.
at the same time, its functionality can be further extended with plugins. it also has looks, keyboard shortcuts support, options to rip audio cds and playback.
if one thing that really needs to be praised about foobar is the way it handles system resources. this app is extremely system friendly and it affect performance at all.
4. clementine
clementine is a audio player that already has a gigantic user base and could successfully replace.
the application has quite an impressive feature lineup that includes a media library manager and options to create playlists, play audio cds, and listen to internet radio stations.
at the same time, it supports the majority of audio formats out there and includes a tag editor, an album cover art downloader, remote control support, playlists, and a powerful search tool to quickly find the song looking for.
of course, offered free of charge and has everything ever need from a multimedia player, including (hold your breath) support for indexing and playing music from cloud storage services such as and skydrive.
5.
aimp is basically a clone that comes with almost the same features and offers a great audio quality on windows computers.
just like player, supports most audio formats out there, works with multiple playlists, packs an audio converter and a powerful tag editor, and boasts support for internet radio stations.
aimp is extremely light on system resources and works with basically every single version of windows on the market, including the windows.
overall, if you want an app that looks and works just like, is the right choice.
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winamp* wɪl bi sun rɪˈtaɪrd, ənˈlɛs ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft baɪz ɪt, soʊ ˈjuzərz hu ər stɪl ˈrənɪŋ ɪt raɪt naʊ wɪl ˈklɪrli hæv noʊ ˈəðər ˈɔpʃən ðən tɪ swɪʧ tɪ əˈnəðər ˈmidiə pleɪər. ðɛr ər ˈkaʊntləs ˈɔpʃənz aʊt ðɛr, bət ɪt kʊd ˈæˌkʧuəli bi ˈrɪli hɑrd tɪ ʧuz ən ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ðət həz wət ɪt teɪks tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs. truθ ɪz, həz ə ˈprɪti rɪʧ ˈfiʧər ˈlaɪˌnəp, soʊ ˌwəˈtɛvər æp ju ʧuz, ɪt ˈɑbviəsli nidz tɪ kəm wɪθ θimz, plugins*, səˈpɔrt fər ðə moʊst ˈɑdiˌoʊ ənd ˈvɪdioʊ ˈfɔrˌmæts ɔn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt ənd ˈplɛnti əv ˈɔpʃənz. ənd stɪl, ðɪs ˈprɪti məʧ dɪˈpɛndz ɔn ðə ˈjuzər, ɛz səm prɪˈfər tɪ stɪk tɪ ə ˈrəðər ˈsɪmpəl ˈɪnərˌfeɪs, waɪl ˈəðərz goʊ fər ə ˈmɑdərn lʊk ðət prəˈvaɪdz kwɪk ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə meɪn ˈfiʧərz əv ðə ˈmidiə pleɪər. ɛz sɛd, ðɛr ər ˈplɛnti əv æps aʊt ðɛr ðət kʊd ˌriˈpleɪs, bət pɪkt faɪv əv ðɛm tɪ lɛnd ju ə hænd wɪn ðə ˈmoʊmənt tɪ əˈbændən ðə ˈfeɪməs ˈmidiə pleɪər ˈfaɪnəli kəmz. əv kɔrs, ɪf ju fil laɪk əˈnəðər æp ʃʊd bi ˈædɪd tɪ ðɪs lɪst, ʤɪst drɔp ˈjuˈɛs ə laɪn ɪn ðə ˈkɑmɛnt bɑks ˈæftər ðə ʤəmp ənd goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl. 1 ˈmidiə pleɪər ðɛr ɪz ˌæbsəˈlutli noʊ daʊt ðət ˈmidiə pleɪər həz wət ɪt teɪks tɪ səkˈsɛsfəli ˌriˈpleɪs. ˈmoʊstli ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ˈvɪdioʊ pleɪɪŋ, bət ˈboʊstɪŋ suˈpɪriər pərˈfɔrməns fər ˈɑdiˌoʊ ˈpleɪˌbæk tu, həz ɔl ðə θɪŋz ə ˈwɪndoʊz ˈjuzər wʊd hoʊp tɪ gɪt frəm ə ˈfriˌwɛr æp. kəmz wɪθ θimz, plugins*, ə ˈplɛθərə əv ˈɔpʃənz, ənd, ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, rɪˈdust ˈfʊtˌprɪnt ɔn ˈsɪstəm pərˈfɔrməns. ɪz əˈveɪləbəl nɑt ˈoʊnli ɔn ˈwɪndoʊz, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ɔn ˈlɪnəks, mæk ɑs ɛks, ˈioʊs, ənd ˈænˌdrɔɪd, ənd wɪl sun əraɪv ɔn ˈwɪndoʊz tu. əv kɔrs, ɪz ˈɔfərd fri əv ʧɑrʤ, soʊ meɪk ʃʊr ju gɪv ɪt ə traɪ wɪn ˈrɛdi tɪ əˈbændən. 2 ˈæpəl ˈaɪˌtunz ˈvɛri oʊn ˈaɪˌtunz ɪz mɔr ðən ʤɪst ə ˈrɛgjələr ˈmidiə pleɪər. ˈaɪˌtunz həz bɪn dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ hɛlp ˈjuzərz səbˈskraɪb tɪ podcasts*, pleɪ mˈjuzɪk faɪlz, ˈmænɪʤ ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈlaɪbrɛˌri, kriˈeɪt playlists*, ənd ˈlɪsən tɪ ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈsteɪʃənz wɪθ ˈmɪnəməm ˈɛfərt. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ hɛlps ˈaɪˌfoʊn, ˈaɪˌpæd, ənd ˈaɪˌpɔd ˈjuzərz ˈsɪŋkrəˌnaɪz ðɛr ˈloʊkəl ˈlaɪbrɛˌriz wɪθ ðɛr ˈgæʤəts, bət səʧ ə ˈfiʧər ˈrɪli kaʊnt wɪn ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə rɪˈpleɪsmənt. ɪf ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ju maɪt heɪt əˈbaʊt ˈaɪˌtunz, ðə ˈvɪʒəwəl ˈɪnərˌfeɪs. ˈaɪˌtunz ɪz fɑr frəm biɪŋ ən æp ənd ˈæpəl ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd skɪn səˈpɔrt, soʊ stək wɪθ ðə ˈstændərd lʊk. mɔr, ˈaɪˌtunz kʊd ˈɔlsoʊ sloʊ daʊn jʊr kəmˈpjutər ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt, bət stɪl wərθ ə lʊk. 3 ˈfuˈbɑr ɪz ə ˈvɛri ˈlaɪtˈweɪt ənd ˈsɪmpəl ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ˈkərəntli biɪŋ juzd baɪ ˈmɪljənz əv kənˈsumərz əˈkrɔs ðə wərld. ˈfriˌwɛr ənd kəmˈpætəbəl wɪθ ɔl ˈwɪndoʊz ˈvərʒənz ɔn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt, bi ðeɪ 32 ər 64-bit*, səˈpɔrts ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈɑdiˌoʊ ˈfɔrˌmæts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ənd aac*. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ɪts ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti kən bi ˈfərðər ɪkˈstɛndɪd wɪθ plugins*. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ həz lʊks, ˈkiˌbɔrd ˈʃɔrtˌkəts səˈpɔrt, ˈɔpʃənz tɪ rɪp ˈɑdiˌoʊ ˈsiˈdiz ənd ˈpleɪˌbæk. ɪf wən θɪŋ ðət ˈrɪli nidz tɪ bi preɪzd əˈbaʊt ˈfuˈbɑr ɪz ðə weɪ ɪt ˈhændəlz ˈsɪstəm ˈrisɔrsɪz. ðɪs æp ɪz ɪkˈstrimli ˈsɪstəm ˈfrɛndli ənd ɪt əˈfɛkt pərˈfɔrməns æt ɔl. 4 ˈklɛmənˌtin ˈklɛmənˌtin ɪz ə ˈɑdiˌoʊ pleɪər ðət ɔˈrɛdi həz ə ʤaɪˈgænɪk ˈjuzər beɪs ənd kʊd səkˈsɛsfəli ˌriˈpleɪs. ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən həz kwaɪt ən ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv ˈfiʧər ˈlaɪˌnəp ðət ˌɪnˈkludz ə ˈmidiə ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˈmænɪʤər ənd ˈɔpʃənz tɪ kriˈeɪt playlists*, pleɪ ˈɑdiˌoʊ ˈsiˈdiz, ənd ˈlɪsən tɪ ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈsteɪʃənz. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ɪt səˈpɔrts ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈɑdiˌoʊ ˈfɔrˌmæts aʊt ðɛr ənd ˌɪnˈkludz ə tæg ˈɛdɪtər, ən ˈælbəm ˈkəvər ɑrt downloader*, rɪˈmoʊt kənˈtroʊl səˈpɔrt, playlists*, ənd ə ˈpaʊərfəl sərʧ tul tɪ kˈwɪkli faɪnd ðə sɔŋ ˈlʊkɪŋ fər. əv kɔrs, ˈɔfərd fri əv ʧɑrʤ ənd həz ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˈɛvər nid frəm ə ˌməltiˈmidiə pleɪər, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ (hoʊld jʊr brɛθ) səˈpɔrt fər ˈɪndɛksɪŋ ənd pleɪɪŋ mˈjuzɪk frəm klaʊd ˈstɔrɪʤ ˈsərvɪsɪz səʧ ɛz ənd skydrive*. 5 ɪz ˈbeɪsɪkli ə kloʊn ðət kəmz wɪθ ˈɔlˌmoʊst ðə seɪm ˈfiʧərz ənd ˈɔfərz ə greɪt ˈɑdiˌoʊ kˈwɑləti ɔn ˈwɪndoʊz kəmˈpjutərz. ʤɪst laɪk pleɪər, səˈpɔrts moʊst ˈɑdiˌoʊ ˈfɔrˌmæts aʊt ðɛr, wərks wɪθ ˈməltəpəl playlists*, pæks ən ˈɑdiˌoʊ kənˈvərtər ənd ə ˈpaʊərfəl tæg ˈɛdɪtər, ənd boʊsts səˈpɔrt fər ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈsteɪʃənz. ɪz ɪkˈstrimli laɪt ɔn ˈsɪstəm ˈrisɔrsɪz ənd wərks wɪθ ˈbeɪsɪkli ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl ˈvərʒən əv ˈwɪndoʊz ɔn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈwɪndoʊz ˈoʊvərˌɔl, ɪf ju wɔnt ən æp ðət lʊks ənd wərks ʤɪst laɪk, ɪz ðə raɪt ʧɔɪs.
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prime minister is to warn tory right that party will consign itself to margins unless it remains on 'common ground'
david cameron is to use mitt romney's failure in the us presidential election to warn the tory right that the conservative party will consign itself to the margins unless it remains resolutely on britain's "common ground".
hours after learning of barack obama's during the final day of his tour to the gulf and the middle east, the prime minister said a "loud and clear" message had emerged from the us election.
cameron also moved to scotch labour euphoria at the success of its us sister party by saying that obama's success with the democrats showed governments can win by adopting a "right track, hard road" approach on the economy.
the prime minister breathed a sigh of relief after learning of obama's success because the two leaders have built up a strong rapport over the last two years. obama admired the prime minister for taking decisive action in libya and he rewarded him with a reception on the south lawn of the white house in march, which was a state visit in all but name.
cameron would have had a prickly start to relations with a president romney after delivering a public rebuke to the republican candidate after he questioned london's preparedness to stage the olympics. a romney victory would also have emboldened the tory right, which cameron refers to with disdain in private.
the prime minister went further than offering the usual congratulations to a newly us president as he expressed delight at the result. cameron, who is expected to meet obama within months ahead of britain's presidency of the next year, said: "in terms of working with barack obama i am delighted with the result and congratulate him," he said.
he made clear that the tory right, which is putting pressure on him to campaign on more traditional conservative themes, should take note of obama's success. "i believe that elections are won in the common ground the centre ground," cameron said. "that is where you need to be, arguing about the things that matter to most people that is making sure they can find a good job, they can build a good life for themselves, that if people work hard and try to get on you are behind them and helping them. that is the message loud and clear from this election as it is from all elections. you win elections in the mainstream."
the prime minister did not identify any tories on the right. but downing street is taking note of the new conservative voice group launched with the enthusiastic support of tim montgomerie, the founder of the website, who was an enthusiastic romney supporter.
while cameron and obama hail from vastly contrasting backgrounds, they have provided each other with useful political support. to the fury of romney, cameron accepted an invitation from obama during his us visit last march to travel on air force one to watch a basketball game in the vital swing state of ohio. cameron is acutely aware of the immense political value for a tory leader to be seen on easy terms with the first african-american president.
cameron even suggested that he and obama, whose fiscal stimulus programme was hailed by labour, are adopting a similar economic approach.
"i was very struck by the fact that barack had been saying it's a hard road but we're on the right track," he said. "and a government that's worked hard to deliver economic recovery can be i do think: right track, hard road but if you deliver on the economy you can win i think is an important message."
the prime minister felt confident enough to note that obama had used some tory language, new and old. "i even noticed in his tweet he had: 'we're all in this together.' so there's commonality. one nation [also mentioned by obama] is a famous conservative phrase first invented by disraeli."
cameron qualified his remarks about the lessons for britain by saying that the us and centre right occupy different parts of the political terrain. no 10 regularly jokes that the prime minister would be regarded as a socialist by many us republicans after he declared that the is his main priority.
"i think the thing about centre right parties is that we are different all over the world because centre right parties draw a huge amount from culture and history and the different conditions in different countries," he said.
"so there is no tradition on the centre right of arguments in this country about gun control. the conservatives have always been able to work with american presidents of both parties and have good relations with both parties. so i think there are limited lessons to learn."
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praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ɪz tɪ wɔrn ˈtɔri raɪt ðət ˈpɑrti wɪl kənˈsaɪn ˌɪtˈsɛlf tɪ ˈmɑrʤənz ənˈlɛs ɪt rɪˈmeɪnz ɔn 'ˈkɑmən graʊnd' ˈdeɪvɪd ˈkæmərən ɪz tɪ juz mɪt ˈrɑmniz ˈfeɪljər ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən tɪ wɔrn ðə ˈtɔri raɪt ðət ðə kənˈsərvətɪv ˈpɑrti wɪl kənˈsaɪn ˌɪtˈsɛlf tɪ ðə ˈmɑrʤənz ənˈlɛs ɪt rɪˈmeɪnz ˈrɛzəˌlutli ɔn ˈbrɪtənz "ˈkɑmən graʊnd". aʊərz ˈæftər ˈlərnɪŋ əv ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑməz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈfaɪnəl deɪ əv hɪz tʊr tɪ ðə gəlf ənd ðə ˈmɪdəl ist, ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər sɛd ə "laʊd ənd klɪr" ˈmɛsɪʤ hæd ˈimərʤd frəm ðə ˈjuˈɛs ɪˈlɛkʃən. ˈkæmərən ˈɔlsoʊ muvd tɪ skɑʧ ˈleɪbər juˈfɔriə æt ðə səkˈsɛs əv ɪts ˈjuˈɛs ˈsɪstər ˈpɑrti baɪ seɪɪŋ ðət ˌoʊˈbɑməz səkˈsɛs wɪθ ðə ˈdɛməˌkræts ʃoʊd ˈgəvərnmənts kən wɪn baɪ əˈdɑptɪŋ ə "raɪt træk, hɑrd roʊd" əˈproʊʧ ɔn ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi. ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər briðd ə saɪ əv rɪˈlif ˈæftər ˈlərnɪŋ əv ˌoʊˈbɑməz səkˈsɛs bɪˈkəz ðə tu ˈlidərz hæv bɪlt əp ə strɔŋ ræˈpɔr ˈoʊvər ðə læst tu jɪrz. ˌoʊˈbɑmə ədˈmaɪərd ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər fər ˈteɪkɪŋ dɪˈsaɪsɪv ˈækʃən ɪn ˈlɪˌbiə ənd hi rɪˈwɔrdɪd ɪm wɪθ ə rɪˈsɛpʃən ɔn ðə saʊθ lɔn əv ðə waɪt haʊs ɪn mɑrʧ, wɪʧ wɑz ə steɪt ˈvɪzɪt ɪn ɔl bət neɪm. ˈkæmərən wʊd hæv hæd ə ˈprɪkli stɑrt tɪ riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ə ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈrɑmni ˈæftər dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ ə ˈpəblɪk rɪˈbjuk tɪ ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈkænədɪt ˈæftər hi kˈwɛsʧənd ˈləndənz priˈpɛrədnəs tɪ steɪʤ ðə oʊˈlɪmpɪks. ə ˈrɑmni ˈvɪktəri wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ɛmˈboʊldənd ðə ˈtɔri raɪt, wɪʧ ˈkæmərən rɪˈfərz tɪ wɪθ dɪsˈdeɪn ɪn ˈpraɪvət. ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər wɛnt ˈfərðər ðən ˈɔfərɪŋ ðə ˈjuʒəwəl kənˌgræʧəˈleɪʃənz tɪ ə ˈnuli ˈjuˈɛs ˈprɛzɪdənt ɛz hi ɪkˈsprɛst dɪˈlaɪt æt ðə rɪˈzəlt. ˈkæmərən, hu ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ mit ˌoʊˈbɑmə wɪˈθɪn mənθs əˈhɛd əv ˈbrɪtənz ˈprɛzɪdənsi əv ðə nɛkst jɪr, sɛd: "ɪn tərmz əv ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə aɪ æm dɪˈlaɪtɪd wɪθ ðə rɪˈzəlt ənd kənˈgræʧəˌleɪt ɪm," hi sɛd. hi meɪd klɪr ðət ðə ˈtɔri raɪt, wɪʧ ɪz ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈprɛʃər ɔn ɪm tɪ kæmˈpeɪn ɔn mɔr trəˈdɪʃənəl kənˈsərvətɪv θimz, ʃʊd teɪk noʊt əv ˌoʊˈbɑməz səkˈsɛs. "aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ɪˈlɛkʃənz ər wən ɪn ðə ˈkɑmən graʊnd ðə ˈsɛntər graʊnd," ˈkæmərən sɛd. "ðət ɪz wɛr ju nid tɪ bi, ˈɑrgjuɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə θɪŋz ðət ˈmætər tɪ moʊst ˈpipəl ðət ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʃʊr ðeɪ kən faɪnd ə gʊd ʤɑb, ðeɪ kən bɪld ə gʊd laɪf fər ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðət ɪf ˈpipəl wərk hɑrd ənd traɪ tɪ gɪt ɔn ju ər bɪˈhaɪnd ðɛm ənd ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðɛm. ðət ɪz ðə ˈmɛsɪʤ laʊd ənd klɪr frəm ðɪs ɪˈlɛkʃən ɛz ɪt ɪz frəm ɔl ɪˈlɛkʃənz. ju wɪn ɪˈlɛkʃənz ɪn ðə ˈmeɪnˌstrim." ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər dɪd nɑt aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ˈɛni ˈtɔˌriz ɔn ðə raɪt. bət ˈdaʊnɪŋ strit ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ noʊt əv ðə nu kənˈsərvətɪv vɔɪs grup lɔnʧt wɪθ ðə ɪnˌθuziˈæstɪk səˈpɔrt əv tɪm montgomerie*, ðə ˈfaʊndər əv ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, hu wɑz ən ɪnˌθuziˈæstɪk ˈrɑmni səˈpɔrtər. waɪl ˈkæmərən ənd ˌoʊˈbɑmə heɪl frəm ˈvæstli kənˈtræstɪŋ ˈbækˌgraʊndz, ðeɪ hæv prəˈvaɪdɪd iʧ ˈəðər wɪθ ˈjusfəl pəˈlɪtɪkəl səˈpɔrt. tɪ ðə fˈjʊri əv ˈrɑmni, ˈkæmərən ækˈsɛptɪd ən ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən frəm ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈjuˈɛs ˈvɪzɪt læst mɑrʧ tɪ ˈtrævəl ɔn ɛr fɔrs wən tɪ wɔʧ ə ˈbæskətˌbɔl geɪm ɪn ðə ˈvaɪtəl swɪŋ steɪt əv oʊˈhaɪoʊ. ˈkæmərən ɪz əˈkjutli əˈwɛr əv ðə ˌɪˈmɛns pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈvælju fər ə ˈtɔri ˈlidər tɪ bi sin ɔn ˈizi tərmz wɪθ ðə fərst ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkən ˈprɛzɪdənt. ˈkæmərən ˈivɪn səˈʤɛstɪd ðət hi ənd ˌoʊˈbɑmə, huz ˈfɪskəl ˈstɪmjələs ˈproʊˌgræm wɑz heɪld baɪ ˈleɪbər, ər əˈdɑptɪŋ ə ˈsɪmələr ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk əˈproʊʧ. "aɪ wɑz ˈvɛri strək baɪ ðə fækt ðət ˈbɑrək hæd bɪn seɪɪŋ ɪts ə hɑrd roʊd bət wɪr ɔn ðə raɪt træk," hi sɛd. "ənd ə ˈgəvərnmənt ðæts wərkt hɑrd tɪ dɪˈlɪvər ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk rɪˈkəvəri kən bi aɪ du θɪŋk: raɪt træk, hɑrd roʊd bət ɪf ju dɪˈlɪvər ɔn ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi ju kən wɪn aɪ θɪŋk ɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈmɛsɪʤ." ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər fɛlt ˈkɑnfədənt ɪˈnəf tɪ noʊt ðət ˌoʊˈbɑmə hæd juzd səm ˈtɔri ˈlæŋgwɪʤ, nu ənd oʊld. "aɪ ˈivɪn ˈnoʊtɪst ɪn hɪz twit hi hæd: 'wɪr ɔl ɪn ðɪs təˈgɛðər.' soʊ ðɛrz ˌkɑməˈnæləti. wən ˈneɪʃən [ˈɔlsoʊ ˈmɛnʃənd baɪ ˌoʊˈbɑmə] ɪz ə ˈfeɪməs kənˈsərvətɪv freɪz fərst ˌɪnˈvɛntɪd baɪ dɪzˈreɪli." ˈkæmərən kˈwɑləˌfaɪd hɪz rɪˈmɑrks əˈbaʊt ðə ˈlɛsənz fər ˈbrɪtən baɪ seɪɪŋ ðət ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ˈsɛntər raɪt ˈɑkjəˌpaɪ ˈdɪfərənt pɑrts əv ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl təreɪn. noʊ 10 ˈrɛgjələrli ʤoʊks ðət ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər wʊd bi rɪˈgɑrdɪd ɛz ə ˈsoʊʃəlɪst baɪ ˈmɛni ˈjuˈɛs rɪˈpəblɪkənz ˈæftər hi dɪˈklɛrd ðət ðə ɪz hɪz meɪn praɪˈɔrəti. "aɪ θɪŋk ðə θɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈsɛntər raɪt ˈpɑrtiz ɪz ðət wi ər ˈdɪfərənt ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə wərld bɪˈkəz ˈsɛntər raɪt ˈpɑrtiz drɔ ə juʤ əˈmaʊnt frəm ˈkəlʧər ənd ˈhɪstəri ənd ðə ˈdɪfərənt kənˈdɪʃənz ɪn ˈdɪfərənt ˈkəntriz," hi sɛd. "soʊ ðɛr ɪz noʊ trəˈdɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈsɛntər raɪt əv ˈɑrgjəmənts ɪn ðɪs ˈkəntri əˈbaʊt gən kənˈtroʊl. ðə kənˈsərvətɪvz hæv ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ wərk wɪθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈprɛzɪˌdɛnts əv boʊθ ˈpɑrtiz ənd hæv gʊd riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ boʊθ ˈpɑrtiz. soʊ aɪ θɪŋk ðɛr ər ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈlɛsənz tɪ lərn."
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the numbers of unionists and their share of the u.s. workforce both declined in 2016, the bureau of labor statistics calculated. in minnesota, union membership held steady at percent of the workforce.
unions had members in 2016, the survey of households percent of all u.s. workers. it's down percent and workers from the year before. union contracts also covered another million non-members last year.
afl-cio president richard trumka had a somewhat sarcastic reaction to the figures. but he admitted labor “has challenges” from “corporations and their hired politicians.”
“the sky is falling! the labor movement is dead! these are the canned reactions that people who want to believe their own story about unions will tell themselves” about the data. “neither reflect a real understanding about a movement that cannot be defined by government statistics,” trumka defiantly declared.
“the truth is, collective action in america is stronger than ever,” trumka added. he cited defeat of the partnership (tpp) “free trade” pact “even when most people told us we couldn’t” and successful state and local campaigns.
labor will use collective action “to begin to change the tide for all working people, because a strong labor movement raises wages for all working families and improves our entire economy. for decades, study after study has proven that all wages in america have a direct tie to union density. and according to report, workers in a union made $202 more per week. money in pocket. a government statistic we can get behind.”
once again, calculated that unionists were concentrated in the northeast, the great lakes and the pacific coast states, with more than half of all union members living in just seven states: california, million (15.9 percent union), up; new york, million (23.6 percent), down; illinois, (14.5 percent), down; pennsyl-vania, (12.1 percent), down; michigan (14.4 percent), down; new jersey (16.1 percent), up; and ohio, (12.4 percent), up.
new jersey and ohio passed michigan, which now has a law, for fourth place. new york was the only state where more than of workers were unionized. its union share dropped from 26 percent in 2015. the other state more than union then, hawaii, slid to percent. union numbers stayed the same, but workforce grew.
south carolina was the least unionized state for the second year in a row, at percent. in general, southern states have low union densities, thanks to histories of anti-unionism, employers' efforts to pit the races against each other and laws.
despite the declines, unions still represented more workers (7.4 million) than workers (7.1 million), said. but the public sector was more heavily unionized, with education and library leading the way (34.6 percent) followed by protective services, such as fire fighters and emergency medical technicians (34.5 percent).
one of every 11 factory workers (8.8 percent) were unionized, for a total of million, but union contracts also covered almost non-union factory workers. one of every seven construction workers (13.9 percent) was unionized, but construction union contracts covered not just their own million members, but non-members.
as usual, union members had huge weekly earnings edges over their non-union colleagues. the median weekly wage for all unionists was $1,004, compared to $802 fors. union women and minority groups fared particularly well: the wage gap shrank to nine cents per dollar between union men and women, with union women garnering median weekly pay of $955.
unionized latinos, and african-american men all had higher median weekly wages than the entire median. even workers in the sector, bars and restaurants, showed the edge, with a $567 weekly median, to $490 fors.
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ðə ˈnəmbərz əv ˈjunjənɪsts ənd ðɛr ʃɛr əv ðə juz. ˈwərkˌfɔrs boʊθ dɪˈklaɪnd ɪn 2016 ðə ˈbjʊroʊ əv ˈleɪbər stəˈtɪstɪks ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd. ɪn ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə, ˈjunjən ˈmɛmbərˌʃɪp hɛld ˈstɛdi æt pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈwərkˌfɔrs. ˈjunjənz hæd ˈmɛmbərz ɪn 2016 ðə ˈsərˌveɪ əv ˈhaʊsˌhoʊldz pərˈsɛnt əv ɔl juz. ˈwərkərz. ɪts daʊn pərˈsɛnt ənd ˈwərkərz frəm ðə jɪr ˌbiˈfɔr. ˈjunjən ˈkɑnˌtrækts ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkəvərd əˈnəðər ˈmɪljən nɑnˈmɛmbərz læst jɪr. ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈrɪʧərd ˈtrəmkə hæd ə ˈsəmˈwət sɑrˈkæstɪk riˈækʃən tɪ ðə ˈfɪgjərz. bət hi ədˈmɪtəd ˈleɪbər challenges”*” frəm ənd ðɛr haɪərd politicians.”*.” skaɪ ɪz ˈfɑlɪŋ! ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ɪz dɛd! ðiz ər ðə kænd riˈækʃənz ðət ˈpipəl hu wɔnt tɪ bɪˈliv ðɛr oʊn ˈstɔri əˈbaʊt ˈjunjənz wɪl tɛl themselves”*” əˈbaʊt ðə ˈdætə. rɪˈflɛkt ə ril ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əˈbaʊt ə ˈmuvmənt ðət ˈkænɑt bi dɪˈfaɪnd baɪ ˈgəvərnmənt statistics,”*,” ˈtrəmkə dɪˈfaɪəntli dɪˈklɛrd. truθ ɪz, kəˈlɛktɪv ˈækʃən ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə ɪz ˈstrɔŋgər ðən ever,”*,” ˈtrəmkə ˈædɪd. hi ˈsaɪtɪd dɪˈfit əv ðə ˈpɑrtnərˌʃɪp (tpp*) trade”*” pækt wɪn moʊst ˈpipəl toʊld ˈjuˈɛs wi couldn’t”*” ənd səkˈsɛsfəl steɪt ənd ˈloʊkəl kæmˈpeɪnz. ˈleɪbər wɪl juz kəˈlɛktɪv ˈækʃən bɪˈgɪn tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðə taɪd fər ɔl ˈwərkɪŋ ˈpipəl, bɪˈkəz ə strɔŋ ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt ˈreɪzɪz ˈweɪʤɪz fər ɔl ˈwərkɪŋ ˈfæməliz ənd ˌɪmˈpruvz ɑr ɪnˈtaɪər ɪˈkɑnəmi. fər ˈdɛkeɪdz, ˈstədi ˈæftər ˈstədi həz ˈpruvən ðət ɔl ˈweɪʤɪz ɪn əˈmɛrɪkə hæv ə dɪˈrɛkt taɪ tɪ ˈjunjən ˈdɛnsɪti. ənd əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ rɪˈpɔrt, ˈwərkərz ɪn ə ˈjunjən meɪd 202 mɔr pər wik. ˈməni ɪn ˈpɑkət. ə ˈgəvərnmənt stəˈtɪstɪk wi kən gɪt behind.”*.” wəns əˈgɛn, ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət ˈjunjənɪsts wər ˈkɔnsənˌtreɪtɪd ɪn ðə ˌnɔrˈθist, ðə greɪt leɪks ənd ðə pəˈsɪfɪk koʊst steɪts, wɪθ mɔr ðən hæf əv ɔl ˈjunjən ˈmɛmbərz ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ʤɪst ˈsɛvən steɪts: ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, ˈmɪljən pərˈsɛnt ˈjunjən), əp nu jɔrk, ˈmɪljən pərˈsɛnt), daʊn ˌɪləˈnɔɪz, pərˈsɛnt), daʊn pennsyl-vania*, pərˈsɛnt), daʊn ˈmɪʃɪgən pərˈsɛnt), daʊn nu ˈʤərzi pərˈsɛnt), əp ənd oʊˈhaɪoʊ, pərˈsɛnt), əp nu ˈʤərzi ənd oʊˈhaɪoʊ pæst ˈmɪʃɪgən, wɪʧ naʊ həz ə lɔ, fər fɔrθ pleɪs. nu jɔrk wɑz ðə ˈoʊnli steɪt wɛr mɔr ðən əv ˈwərkərz wər ˈjunjəˌnaɪzd. ɪts ˈjunjən ʃɛr drɑpt frəm 26 pərˈsɛnt ɪn 2015 ðə ˈəðər steɪt mɔr ðən ˈjunjən ðɛn, həˈwaɪˌi, slɪd tɪ pərˈsɛnt. ˈjunjən ˈnəmbərz steɪd ðə seɪm, bət ˈwərkˌfɔrs gru. saʊθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə wɑz ðə list ˈjunjəˌnaɪzd steɪt fər ðə ˈsɛkənd jɪr ɪn ə roʊ, æt pərˈsɛnt. ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl, ˈsəðərn steɪts hæv loʊ ˈjunjən ˈdɛnsətiz, θæŋks tɪ ˈhɪstəriz əv anti-unionism*, ɪmˈplɔɪərz' ˈɛfərts tɪ pɪt ðə ˈreɪsɪz əˈgɛnst iʧ ˈəðər ənd lɔz. dɪˈspaɪt ðə dɪˈklaɪnz, ˈjunjənz stɪl ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd mɔr ˈwərkərz ˈmɪljən) ðən ˈwərkərz ˈmɪljən), sɛd. bət ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈsɛktər wɑz mɔr ˈhɛvəli ˈjunjəˌnaɪzd, wɪθ ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ənd ˈlaɪbrɛˌri ˈlidɪŋ ðə weɪ pərˈsɛnt) ˈfɑloʊd baɪ prəˈtɛktɪv ˈsərvɪsɪz, səʧ ɛz faɪər ˈfaɪtərz ənd ˈimərʤənsi ˈmɛdɪkəl tɛkˈnɪʃənz pərˈsɛnt). wən əv ˈɛvəri 11 ˈfæktəri ˈwərkərz pərˈsɛnt) wər ˈjunjəˌnaɪzd, fər ə ˈtoʊtəl əv ˈmɪljən, bət ˈjunjən ˈkɑnˌtrækts ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkəvərd ˈɔlˌmoʊst nɑnˈjunjən ˈfæktəri ˈwərkərz. wən əv ˈɛvəri ˈsɛvən kənˈstrəkʃən ˈwərkərz pərˈsɛnt) wɑz ˈjunjəˌnaɪzd, bət kənˈstrəkʃən ˈjunjən ˈkɑnˌtrækts ˈkəvərd nɑt ʤɪst ðɛr oʊn ˈmɪljən ˈmɛmbərz, bət nɑnˈmɛmbərz. ɛz ˈjuʒəwəl, ˈjunjən ˈmɛmbərz hæd juʤ ˈwikli ˈərnɪŋz ˈɛʤɪz ˈoʊvər ðɛr nɑnˈjunjən ˈkɑligz. ðə ˈmidiən ˈwikli weɪʤ fər ɔl ˈjunjənɪsts wɑz kəmˈpɛrd tɪ 802 fər non-unionists*. ˈjunjən ˈwɪmən ənd məˈnɔrəti grups fɛrd ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli wɛl: ðə weɪʤ gæp ʃræŋk tɪ naɪn sɛnts pər ˈdɔlər bɪtˈwin ˈjunjən mɛn ənd ˈwɪmən, wɪθ ˈjunjən ˈwɪmən ˈgɑrnərɪŋ ˈmidiən ˈwikli peɪ əv 955 ˈjunjəˌnaɪzd lɑˈtinoʊs, ənd ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkən mɛn ɔl hæd haɪər ˈmidiən ˈwikli ˈweɪʤɪz ðən ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈmidiən. ˈivɪn ˈwərkərz ɪn ðə ˈsɛktər, bɑrz ənd ˈrɛˌstrɑnts, ʃoʊd ðə ɛʤ, wɪθ ə 567 ˈwikli ˈmidiən, tɪ 490 fər non-unionists*.
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in the last few years, a preferred topic of journalistic inquiry amongst concerned baby boomers and gen xers is the unique situation caused by the invasion of the workforce by. born from the early to the early aughts, bear the positive distinction of being among the most idealistic and socially conscious generations ever. formed in the internet age, have knowledge of and wish to improve things on a global stage in a way no other generation has even had an opportunity to.
this idealism is not solely limited to notions of transcontinental betterment, however. unfortunately, many have noted that these same also bear unrealistically idealistic notions of their own capabilities leading to a sense of and entitlement often categorized under the term of “narcissism.”
sociologists debate how seemingly an entire generation has been captured by narcissus’ condition, but, no matter the cause, the effects seem rather dire. relationships between often can suffer because of this shared selfishness, but it also seems to hamper the ability of my generation to really grind out a job in the work place the latter is the most frequently discussed fruit of this excessive and is the main topic to be analyzed in this article.
having been told they are special throughout their entire developmental life, find it difficult to put their head down and crank out the work required of positions because they feel that their skill set requires more challenge and excitement. can you really blame them? been told since kindergarten to “follow their passions” and if the situation in really resonate with your ideals and passions then something is defective. one can see the apparent difficulties for relationships (i.e. “as soon as you encounter difficulties nothing you have to change about yourself their problem and run”) and the same dynamic is played out at the professional level.
my intention with this article is not to simply ensure that an online catholic journal has an article similar to those that have been written dozens of times already on yahoo news! or for the huffington post. neither is it my intention to join the chorus of gen xers and baby boomers who are “…just so appalled at the lack of a work ethic in this newest generation.” rather, i would seek to call out to catholics who have grown up in the “you are special” milieu to confront how the inability to find meaning in the mundane can be a profound detriment to a relationship with jesus.
note the tendency of the millenial: an sense of self leads to a general with being engaged in a *gulp* normal way of life. when this underlying tendency becomes “catholicized,” this sense of becomes applied to the spiritual life. we may even convince ourselves that such notions are really voice we are hearing.
i have a theory that the vocation of perpetual discernment is in some sense related to this. “only when i find a situation that perfectly “fits” me will i choose to dive into it.”
in other cases, my fellow and i will read the lives of the saints and be convinced that we too must be called to such exalted levels of public immolation. this conviction leads to with our little sacrifices surrounding family life and employment. if we really loved the lord (and if he really loved us), then we would have an international speaking ministry or would already be in south sudan serving orphans, right? i posit the question to my fellow sinners though, are these the only real paths to holiness? does sanctity really require such public displays? is that always the desire for you as a saint?
i think in part because of my own millenialness, begun to develop a deep devotion to the saints who been canonized by the church. there are probably some pretty powerful, sitting up there right by the throne of jesus of whom we here on earth have never even heard. close to the heart. completely anonymous.
to put a finer point on it, the real difficulty is this: if our excessive sense of self causes us to be discontent with our daily lives and unable to find the hand working in the mundane, then we are currently, right now, missing the only opportunity for grace that is being offered to us. holiness, sanctity, grace is a present moment kind of thing and if our present moment is pretty *gulp* normal then the lord has chosen for us a quiet and private holiness, at least for now.
let’s be those kind of saints, guys. no going to know about us, but going to know the heart pretty well.
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ɪn ðə læst fju jɪrz, ə prɪˈfərd ˈtɑpɪk əv ˌʤərnəˈlɪstɪk ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri əˈməŋst kənˈsərnd ˈbeɪbi ˈbumərz ənd ʤɛn ˈɛksɛrz ɪz ðə juˈnik ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən kɔzd baɪ ðə ˌɪnˈveɪʒən əv ðə ˈwərkˌfɔrs baɪ. bɔrn frəm ðə ˈərli tɪ ðə ˈərli aughts*, bɛr ðə ˈpɑzətɪv dɪˈstɪŋkʃən əv biɪŋ əˈməŋ ðə moʊst aɪˌdiəˈlɪstɪk ənd ˈsoʊʃəli ˈkɑnʃəs ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənz ˈɛvər. fɔrmd ɪn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt eɪʤ, hæv ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ənd wɪʃ tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv θɪŋz ɔn ə ˈgloʊbəl steɪʤ ɪn ə weɪ noʊ ˈəðər ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən həz ˈivɪn hæd ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ. ðɪs aɪˈdilɪzəm ɪz nɑt ˈsoʊəli ˈlɪmɪtɪd tɪ ˈnoʊʃənz əv ˌtrænzˌkɑnɪˈnɛnəl ˈbɛtərmənt, ˌhaʊˈɛvər. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, ˈmɛni hæv ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ðiz seɪm ˈɔlsoʊ bɛr ənˌriəˈlɪstɪkli aɪˌdiəˈlɪstɪk ˈnoʊʃənz əv ðɛr oʊn ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz ˈlidɪŋ tɪ ə sɛns əv ənd ɛnˈtaɪtəlmənt ˈɔfən ˈkætəgərˌaɪzd ˈəndər ðə tərm əv ““narcissism.”*.” ˌsoʊsiˈɑləʤɪsts dəˈbeɪt haʊ ˈsimɪŋli ən ɪnˈtaɪər ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən həz bɪn ˈkæpʧərd baɪ narcissus’*’ kənˈdɪʃən, bət, noʊ ˈmætər ðə kɔz, ðə ˈifɛkts sim ˈrəðər daɪər. riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps bɪtˈwin ˈɔfən kən ˈsəfər bɪˈkəz əv ðɪs ʃɛrd ˈsɛlfɪʃnəs, bət ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ simz tɪ ˈhæmpər ðə əˈbɪləˌti əv maɪ ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən tɪ ˈrɪli graɪnd aʊt ə ʤɑb ɪn ðə wərk pleɪs ðə ˈlætər ɪz ðə moʊst ˈfrikwɛntli dɪˈskəst frut əv ðɪs ɪkˈsɛsɪv ənd ɪz ðə meɪn ˈtɑpɪk tɪ bi ˈænəˌlaɪzd ɪn ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl. ˈhævɪŋ bɪn toʊld ðeɪ ər ˈspɛʃəl θruaʊt ðɛr ɪnˈtaɪər dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛnəl laɪf, faɪnd ɪt ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ pʊt ðɛr hɛd daʊn ənd kræŋk aʊt ðə wərk rikˈwaɪərd əv pəˈzɪʃənz bɪˈkəz ðeɪ fil ðət ðɛr skɪl sɛt rikˈwaɪərz mɔr ˈʧælənʤ ənd ɪkˈsaɪtmənt. kən ju ˈrɪli bleɪm ðɛm? bɪn toʊld sɪns ˈkɪndərˌgɑrtən tɪ ðɛr passions”*” ənd ɪf ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ɪn ˈrɪli ˈrɛzəˌneɪt wɪθ jʊr aɪˈdilz ənd ˈpæʃənz ðɛn ˈsəmθɪŋ ɪz dɪˈfɛktɪv. wən kən si ðə əˈpɛrənt ˈdɪfɪˌkəltiz fər riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps (i.e*. sun ɛz ju ɪnˈkaʊnər ˈdɪfɪˌkəltiz ˈnəθɪŋ ju hæv tɪ ʧeɪnʤ əˈbaʊt ˈjɔrsɛlf ðɛr ˈprɑbləm ənd run”*”) ənd ðə seɪm daɪˈnæmɪk ɪz pleɪd aʊt æt ðə prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈlɛvəl. maɪ ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən wɪθ ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪz nɑt tɪ ˈsɪmpli ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ən ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈkæθlɪk ˈʤərnəl həz ən ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðoʊz ðət hæv bɪn ˈrɪtən ˈdəzənz əv taɪmz ɔˈrɛdi ɔn ˈjɑˌhu nuz! ər fər ðə ˈhəfɪŋtən poʊst. ˈniðər ɪz ɪt maɪ ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən tɪ ʤɔɪn ðə ˈkɔrəs əv ʤɛn ˈɛksɛrz ənd ˈbeɪbi ˈbumərz hu ər soʊ əˈpɔld æt ðə læk əv ə wərk ˈɛθɪk ɪn ðɪs nuəst generation.”*.” ˈrəðər, aɪ wʊd sik tɪ kɔl aʊt tɪ ˈkæθlɪks hu hæv groʊn əp ɪn ðə ər special”*” mɪˈljʊ tɪ kənˈfrənt haʊ ðə ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti tɪ faɪnd ˈminɪŋ ɪn ðə mənˈdeɪn kən bi ə proʊˈfaʊnd ˈdɛtrəmənt tɪ ə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈʤizəs. noʊt ðə ˈtɛndənsi əv ðə millenial*: ən sɛns əv sɛlf lidz tɪ ə ˈʤɛnərəl wɪθ biɪŋ ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn ə ˈnɔrməl weɪ əv laɪf. wɪn ðɪs ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈtɛndənsi bɪˈkəmz ““catholicized,”*,” ðɪs sɛns əv bɪˈkəmz əˈplaɪd tɪ ðə ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl laɪf. wi meɪ ˈivɪn kənˈvɪns ɑrˈsɛlvz ðət səʧ ˈnoʊʃənz ər ˈrɪli vɔɪs wi ər ˈhirɪŋ. aɪ hæv ə ˈθɪri ðət ðə voʊˈkeɪʃən əv pərˈpɛʧuəl dɪˈsərnmənt ɪz ɪn səm sɛns rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðɪs. wɪn aɪ faɪnd ə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ðət ˈpərfəktli ““fits”*” mi wɪl aɪ ʧuz tɪ daɪv ˈɪntu it.”*.” ɪn ˈəðər ˈkeɪsɪz, maɪ ˈfɛloʊ ənd aɪ wɪl rɛd ðə lɪvz əv ðə seɪnts ənd bi kənˈvɪnst ðət wi tu məst bi kɔld tɪ səʧ ɪgˈzɔltɪd ˈlɛvəlz əv ˈpəblɪk ˈɪməˌleɪʃən. ðɪs kənˈvɪkʃən lidz tɪ wɪθ ɑr ˈlɪtəl ˈsækrəˌfaɪsɪz sərˈaʊndɪŋ ˈfæməli laɪf ənd ɪmˈplɔɪmənt. ɪf wi ˈrɪli ləvd ðə lɔrd (ənd ɪf hi ˈrɪli ləvd ˈjuˈɛs), ðɛn wi wʊd hæv ən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈspikɪŋ ˈmɪnɪstri ər wʊd ɔˈrɛdi bi ɪn saʊθ suˈdæn ˈsərvɪŋ ˈɔrfənz, raɪt? aɪ ˈpɑzət ðə kˈwɛʃən tɪ maɪ ˈfɛloʊ ˈsɪnərz ðoʊ, ər ðiz ðə ˈoʊnli ril pæθs tɪ ˈhoʊlinəs? dɪz ˈsæŋktɪti ˈrɪli ˌrikˈwaɪər səʧ ˈpəblɪk dɪˈspleɪz? ɪz ðət ˈɔlˌweɪz ðə dɪˈzaɪər fər ju ɛz ə seɪnt? aɪ θɪŋk ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz əv maɪ oʊn millenialness*, ˈbeɪgən tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ə dip dɪˈvoʊʃən tɪ ðə seɪnts hu bɪn ˈkænəˌnaɪzd baɪ ðə ʧərʧ. ðɛr ər ˈprɑbəˌbli səm ˈprɪti ˈpaʊərfəl, ˈsɪtɪŋ əp ðɛr raɪt baɪ ðə θroʊn əv ˈʤizəs əv hum wi hir ɔn ərθ hæv ˈnɛvər ˈivɪn hərd. kloʊz tɪ ðə hɑrt. kəmˈplitli əˈnɑnəməs. tɪ pʊt ə ˈfaɪnər pɔɪnt ɔn ɪt, ðə ril ˈdɪfɪˌkəlti ɪz ðɪs: ɪf ɑr ɪkˈsɛsɪv sɛns əv sɛlf ˈkɔzɪz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ bi dɪskənˈtɛnt wɪθ ɑr ˈdeɪli lɪvz ənd əˈneɪbəl tɪ faɪnd ðə hænd ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ðə mənˈdeɪn, ðɛn wi ər ˈkərəntli, raɪt naʊ, ˈmɪsɪŋ ðə ˈoʊnli ˌɑpərˈtunəti fər greɪs ðət ɪz biɪŋ ˈɔfərd tɪ ˈjuˈɛs. ˈhoʊlinəs, ˈsæŋktɪti, greɪs ɪz ə ˈprɛzənt ˈmoʊmənt kaɪnd əv θɪŋ ənd ɪf ɑr ˈprɛzənt ˈmoʊmənt ɪz ˈprɪti ˈnɔrməl ðɛn ðə lɔrd həz ˈʧoʊzən fər ˈjuˈɛs ə kwaɪət ənd ˈpraɪvət ˈhoʊlinəs, æt list fər naʊ. bi ðoʊz kaɪnd əv seɪnts, gaɪz. noʊ goʊɪŋ tɪ noʊ əˈbaʊt ˈjuˈɛs, bət goʊɪŋ tɪ noʊ ðə hɑrt ˈprɪti wɛl.
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when a extrovert, amassed quite a record of declarations and pronouncements. so when we say a donald trump presidency would harm america, take our word for it. take his.
what america needs is bankruptcy, right?
trump on the economy: “i will be the greatest jobs president that god ever created.”
if his record for the past 25 years is any indication, there is a 75 percent chance trump would declare bankruptcy during his presidency. trump has declared bankruptcy for his trump taj mahal, trump plaza hotel and casino, trump hotels and casino resorts, and trump entertainment resorts during the presidencies of bush 41 (twice), bush 43, and obama. only the boom years of the clinton presidency appear to have kept trump out of bankruptcy court for a fifth time.
as the presidential hopeful often reminds the public, performance and winning are where at, and his four bankruptcies do reflect a distinguished performance of trump in the bottom 5 percent of his corporate peers. no wonder that part of the bankruptcy deals required trump to give up ownership or removed his authority to make day to day decisions for the company.
on a positive note, been for six years, though this coincides suspiciously with his tax plan estimates to deliver “tremendous” economic growth if elected, as much as 6 percent annually. the last time america had that type of growth? years before trump first declared bankruptcy.
attacking people always brings unity
trump on social conflict: “i will be a great.”
across the aisle and within the party, unity is needed so the big things can get done and trump can make america great again. for us average americans, obvious that trump will be the great told us he will be. as he reminds, been at the top of the polls since he declared his candidacy, and his venues cannot even fit all of us trying to get in. unified!
he is unifying the republican party, starting with that ‘p-ssy’ cruz, ‘low-energy’ bush, ‘weak like a baby’ rubio, and fiorina with the face that no one could vote for.
for some, though, still work to be done. take iowa, for example. when trump asks how stupid are the people of iowa, a legitimate question. they wavered in their support of the great, which trump correctly identified as a sign of stupidity.
all right, so maybe some unifying still to do beyond iowa. thankfully, though, mostly with women, so half of america appears to be safe. “disgusting” rosie needs to be less “fat” and less of a “slob.” if arianna huffington so unattractive, trump would not have needed to state the obvious: “i fully understand why her former husband left her for a man he made a good decision.”
but then, disregard for journalistic standards overwhelmed even the great’s capacity for tolerance. referencing those comments and others that disparaged women, kelly asked how the comments might impact the general election. initially, trump reminded her and debate watchers that too busy for political correctness (a sweeping term meant to negate the consequences of anything you say if donald trump). the following day, however, the great did what he does so well: taunting kelly for the “blood coming out of her wherever,” he set about to unify.
he is unifying the republican party, starting with that “p-ssy” cruz, “low-energy” bush, “super low-energy” carson, “weak like a baby” rubio, and fiorina with the face that no one could vote for. then, “not a war hero” mccain tell him that mccain was awarded second- and military decorations for his gallantry and heroism). no one wants a stupid military.
‘i’ve always had a great relationship with the blacks.’
trump’s also reaching out across the aisle. unifying as he goes with clinton, the “single worst secretary of state in the history of this country,” and the democratic party writ large, despite their polices that are “going to end up kicking them you know where.”
but what about race relations, a topic so tricky that not even barack obama, first african-american president, has managed to move the needle on it? fear not! trump has reassured us that he is the right man for that job, too, since “i have a great relationship with the blacks. always had a great relationship with the blacks.”
we need a temper holding the red button
trump on international relations and national security: “listen, you mother f—ers!”
on the international stage, trump appears equally committed to and gifted at unifying. we know already that trump would “get along very well with putin,” noting that “at least a leader, unlike what we have in this country.”
with more than bombs already dropped by the united states in 2015, promise to really light up the sky is reassuring.
the great in chief has also shared his plans for rising powers like china, “listen you mother f——, going to tax you 25 percent!” bold words, but as trump tells us, all in how you sell it.
closer to home, trump is very aware of the problems of illegal immigration from mexico. “when mexico sends its people, not sending the best. not sending you, sending people that have lots of problems and bringing those problems with us. bringing drugs. bringing crime. rapists. and some, i assume, are good people.”
thankfully, trump has the solution and simple: “i will build a great wall and nobody builds walls better than me, believe me and build them very inexpensively. i will build a great, great wall on our southern border, and i will make mexico pay for that wall. mark my words.”
and when it comes to terrorism, trump has another simple solution: “i would bomb the out of isis… the worst thing ever happened to isis.” it sounds well and with more than bombs already dropped by the united states in 2015, promise to really light up the sky is reassuring.
finally, what about the ultimate deterrent in the u.s. arsenal? surely a commander in chief needs a clear vision about nuclear weapons. luckily, views are clear to all potential adversaries: “for me, nuclear, the power, the devastation, is very important to me.”
i’m a at work
trump on problem-solving: “my style of is quite simple and straightforward. i aim very high, and then i just keep pushing and pushing and pushing to get what after.”
aiming high is always easier when led your business into bankruptcy again again and again. but of poor performance aside, let his words speak to you: “we’re going to win so much win after win after win that going to be begging me: ‘please, mr. president, let us lose once or twice. we stand it any more.’ and going to say: ‘no way. going to keep winning. never going to lose. never, ever going to lose.’”
politics is a disgrace
trump on governing: “one of the key problems today is that politics is such a disgrace, good people go into government.” like any good lie, a ring of truth to it, but trump is not the antidote.
donald trump a statesman; incendiary.
donald trump a commander-in-chief; a bully.
donald trump love america; he loves himself.
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wɪn ə ˈɛkstrəˌvərt, əˈmæst kwaɪt ə ˈrɛkərd əv ˌdɛklərˈeɪʃənz ənd prəˈnaʊnsmənts. soʊ wɪn wi seɪ ə ˈdɑnəld trəmp ˈprɛzɪdənsi wʊd hɑrm əˈmɛrɪkə, teɪk ɑr wərd fər ɪt. teɪk hɪz. wət əˈmɛrɪkə nidz ɪz ˈbæŋkrəptsi, raɪt? trəmp ɔn ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi: wɪl bi ðə ˈgreɪtəst ʤɑbz ˈprɛzɪdənt ðət gɑd ˈɛvər created.”*.” ɪf hɪz ˈrɛkərd fər ðə pæst 25 jɪrz ɪz ˈɛni ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən, ðɛr ɪz ə 75 pərˈsɛnt ʧæns trəmp wʊd dɪˈklɛr ˈbæŋkrəptsi ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈprɛzɪdənsi. trəmp həz dɪˈklɛrd ˈbæŋkrəptsi fər hɪz trəmp tɑʒ məˈhɑl, trəmp ˈplɑzə hoʊˈtɛl ənd kəˈsinoʊ, trəmp hoʊˈtɛlz ənd kəˈsinoʊ rɪˈzɔrts, ənd trəmp ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt rɪˈzɔrts ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈprɛzɪdənsiz əv bʊʃ 41 (twaɪs), bʊʃ 43 ənd ˌoʊˈbɑmə. ˈoʊnli ðə bum jɪrz əv ðə ˈklɪntən ˈprɛzɪdənsi əˈpɪr tɪ hæv kɛpt trəmp aʊt əv ˈbæŋkrəptsi kɔrt fər ə fɪθ taɪm. ɛz ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈhoʊpfəl ˈɔfən riˈmaɪndz ðə ˈpəblɪk, pərˈfɔrməns ənd ˈwɪnɪŋ ər wɛr æt, ənd hɪz fɔr ˈbæŋkrəptsiz du rɪˈflɛkt ə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt pərˈfɔrməns əv trəmp ɪn ðə ˈbɑtəm 5 pərˈsɛnt əv hɪz ˈkɔrpərət pɪrz. noʊ ˈwəndər ðət pɑrt əv ðə ˈbæŋkrəptsi dilz rikˈwaɪərd trəmp tɪ gɪv əp ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp ər riˈmuvd hɪz əˈθɔrəti tɪ meɪk deɪ tɪ deɪ dɪˈsɪʒənz fər ðə ˈkəmpəˌni. ɔn ə ˈpɑzətɪv noʊt, bɪn fər sɪks jɪrz, ðoʊ ðɪs ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪdz səˈspɪʃəsli wɪθ hɪz tæks plæn ˈɛstəˌmeɪts tɪ dɪˈlɪvər ““tremendous”*” ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk groʊθ ɪf ɪˈlɛktɪd, ɛz məʧ ɛz 6 pərˈsɛnt ˈænjuəli. ðə læst taɪm əˈmɛrɪkə hæd ðət taɪp əv groʊθ? jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr trəmp fərst dɪˈklɛrd ˈbæŋkrəptsi. əˈtækɪŋ ˈpipəl ˈɔlˌweɪz brɪŋz ˈjunɪti trəmp ɔn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈkɑnflɪkt: wɪl bi ə greɪt unifier.”*.” əˈkrɔs ðə aɪəl ənd wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈpɑrti, ˈjunɪti ɪz ˈnidɪd soʊ ðə bɪg θɪŋz kən gɪt dən ənd trəmp kən meɪk əˈmɛrɪkə greɪt əˈgɛn. fər ˈjuˈɛs ˈævərɪʤ əˈmɛrɪkənz, ˈɑbviəs ðət trəmp wɪl bi ðə greɪt toʊld ˈjuˈɛs hi wɪl bi. ɛz hi riˈmaɪndz, bɪn æt ðə tɔp əv ðə poʊlz sɪns hi dɪˈklɛrd hɪz ˈkændɪdəsi, ənd hɪz ˈvɛnuz ˈkænɑt ˈivɪn fɪt ɔl əv ˈjuˈɛs traɪɪŋ tɪ gɪt ɪn. ˈjunəˌfaɪd! hi ɪz ˈjunəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti, ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ ðət ‘‘p-ssy’*’ kruz, ‘‘low-energy’*’ bʊʃ, laɪk ə baby’*’ ˈrubioʊ, ənd fiɔˈrinə wɪθ ðə feɪs ðət noʊ wən kʊd voʊt fər. fər səm, ðoʊ, stɪl wərk tɪ bi dən. teɪk ˈaɪəwə, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl. wɪn trəmp æsks haʊ ˈstupɪd ər ðə ˈpipəl əv ˈaɪəwə, ə ləˈʤɪtəmət kˈwɛʃən. ðeɪ ˈweɪvərd ɪn ðɛr səˈpɔrt əv ðə greɪt, wɪʧ trəmp kərˈɛktli aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɛz ə saɪn əv stuˈpɪdɪˌti. ɔl raɪt, soʊ ˈmeɪbi səm ˈjunəˌfaɪɪŋ stɪl tɪ du bɪɔnd ˈaɪəwə. ˈθæŋkfəli, ðoʊ, ˈmoʊstli wɪθ ˈwɪmən, soʊ hæf əv əˈmɛrɪkə əˈpɪrz tɪ bi seɪf. ““disgusting”*” ˈroʊzi nidz tɪ bi lɛs ““fat”*” ənd lɛs əv ə ““slob.”*.” ɪf ɑriˈænə ˈhəfɪŋtən soʊ ˌənəˈtræktɪv, trəmp wʊd nɑt hæv ˈnidɪd tɪ steɪt ðə ˈɑbviəs: ˈfʊli ˌəndərˈstænd waɪ hər ˈfɔrmər ˈhəzbənd lɛft hər fər ə mæn hi meɪd ə gʊd decision.”*.” bət ðɛn, ˌdɪsrɪˈgɑrd fər ˌʤərnəˈlɪstɪk ˈstændərdz ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmd ˈivɪn ðə greɪt kəˈpæsɪti fər ˈtɑlərəns. ˈrɛfərənsɪŋ ðoʊz ˈkɑmɛnts ənd ˈəðərz ðət dɪˈspɛrɪʤd ˈwɪmən, ˈkɛli æst haʊ ðə ˈkɑmɛnts maɪt ˌɪmˈpækt ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ɪˈlɛkʃən. ˌɪˈnɪʃəli, trəmp riˈmaɪndɪd hər ənd dəˈbeɪt ˈwɑʧərz ðət tu ˈbɪzi fər pəˈlɪtɪkəl kərˈɛktnəs (ə sˈwipɪŋ tərm mɛnt tɪ nɪˈgeɪt ðə ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ju seɪ ɪf ˈdɑnəld trəmp). ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ deɪ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə greɪt dɪd wət hi dɪz soʊ wɛl: ˈtɔntɪŋ ˈkɛli fər ðə ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt əv hər wherever,”*,” hi sɛt əˈbaʊt tɪ ˈjunəˌfaɪ. hi ɪz ˈjunəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti, ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ ðət ““p-ssy”*” kruz, ““low-energy”*” bʊʃ, low-energy”*” ˈkɑrzən, laɪk ə baby”*” ˈrubioʊ, ənd fiɔˈrinə wɪθ ðə feɪs ðət noʊ wən kʊd voʊt fər. ðɛn, ə wɔr hero”*” məˈkeɪn tɛl ɪm ðət məˈkeɪn wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ˈsɛkənd- ənd ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˌdɛkərˈeɪʃənz fər hɪz ˈgæləntri ənd ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm). noʊ wən wɔnts ə ˈstupɪd ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri. ˈɔlˌweɪz hæd ə greɪt riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ðə blacks.’*.’ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈriʧɪŋ aʊt əˈkrɔs ðə aɪəl. ˈjunəˌfaɪɪŋ ɛz hi goʊz wɪθ ˈklɪntən, ðə wərst ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ðɪs country,”*,” ənd ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti rɪt lɑrʤ, dɪˈspaɪt ðɛr pəˈlisɪz ðət ər tɪ ɛnd əp ˈkɪkɪŋ ðɛm ju noʊ where.”*.” bət wət əˈbaʊt reɪs riˈleɪʃənz, ə ˈtɑpɪk soʊ ˈtrɪki ðət nɑt ˈivɪn ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə, fərst ˈæfrɪkənəˈmɛrɪkən ˈprɛzɪdənt, həz ˈmænɪʤd tɪ muv ðə ˈnidəl ɔn ɪt? fɪr nɑt! trəmp həz ˌriəˈʃʊrd ˈjuˈɛs ðət hi ɪz ðə raɪt mæn fər ðət ʤɑb, tu, sɪns hæv ə greɪt riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ðə blæks. ˈɔlˌweɪz hæd ə greɪt riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ðə blacks.”*.” wi nid ə ˈtɛmpər ˈhoʊldɪŋ ðə rɛd ˈbətən trəmp ɔn ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl riˈleɪʃənz ənd ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti:, ju ˈməðər f—ers!”*!” ɔn ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl steɪʤ, trəmp əˈpɪrz ˈikwəli kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ənd ˈgɪftɪd æt ˈjunəˌfaɪɪŋ. wi noʊ ɔˈrɛdi ðət trəmp wʊd əˈlɔŋ ˈvɛri wɛl wɪθ putin,”*,” ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðət list ə ˈlidər, ənˈlaɪk wət wi hæv ɪn ðɪs country.”*.” wɪθ mɔr ðən bɑmz ɔˈrɛdi drɑpt baɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ɪn 2015 ˈprɑməs tɪ ˈrɪli laɪt əp ðə skaɪ ɪz ˌriəˈʃʊrɪŋ. ðə greɪt ɪn ʧif həz ˈɔlsoʊ ʃɛrd hɪz plænz fər ˈraɪzɪŋ paʊərz laɪk ˈʧaɪnə, ju ˈməðər f——*——, goʊɪŋ tɪ tæks ju 25 percent!”*!” boʊld wərdz, bət ɛz trəmp tɛlz ˈjuˈɛs, ɔl ɪn haʊ ju sɛl ɪt. ˈkloʊzər tɪ hoʊm, trəmp ɪz ˈvɛri əˈwɛr əv ðə ˈprɑbləmz əv ˌɪˈligəl ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən frəm ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ. ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ sɛndz ɪts ˈpipəl, nɑt ˈsɛndɪŋ ðə bɛst. nɑt ˈsɛndɪŋ ju, ˈsɛndɪŋ ˈpipəl ðət hæv lɑts əv ˈprɑbləmz ənd ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðoʊz ˈprɑbləmz wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs. ˈbrɪŋɪŋ drəgz. ˈbrɪŋɪŋ kraɪm. ˈreɪpɪsts. ənd səm, aɪ əˈsum, ər gʊd people.”*.” ˈθæŋkfəli, trəmp həz ðə səˈluʃən ənd ˈsɪmpəl: wɪl bɪld ə greɪt wɔl ənd ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi bɪldz wɔlz ˈbɛtər ðən mi, bɪˈliv mi ənd bɪld ðɛm ˈvɛri ˌɪnəkˈspɛnsɪvli. aɪ wɪl bɪld ə greɪt, greɪt wɔl ɔn ɑr ˈsəðərn ˈbɔrdər, ənd aɪ wɪl meɪk ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ peɪ fər ðət wɔl. mɑrk maɪ words.”*.” ənd wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm, trəmp həz əˈnəðər ˈsɪmpəl səˈluʃən: wʊd bɔm ðə aʊt əv isis…*… ðə wərst θɪŋ ˈɛvər ˈhæpənd tɪ isis.”*.” ɪt saʊnz wɛl ənd wɪθ mɔr ðən bɑmz ɔˈrɛdi drɑpt baɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ɪn 2015 ˈprɑməs tɪ ˈrɪli laɪt əp ðə skaɪ ɪz ˌriəˈʃʊrɪŋ. ˈfaɪnəli, wət əˈbaʊt ðə ˈəltəmət dɪˈtərrənt ɪn ðə juz. ˈɑrsənəl? ˈʃʊrli ə kəˈmændər ɪn ʧif nidz ə klɪr ˈvɪʒən əˈbaʊt ˈnukliər ˈwɛpənz. ˈləkəli, vjuz ər klɪr tɪ ɔl pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈædvərˌsɛriz: mi, ˈnukliər, ðə paʊər, ðə ˌdɛvəˈsteɪʃən, ɪz ˈvɛri ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ me.”*.” ə æt wərk trəmp ɔn problem-solving*: staɪl əv ɪz kwaɪt ˈsɪmpəl ənd ˈstreɪtˈfɔrwərd. aɪ eɪm ˈvɛri haɪ, ənd ðɛn aɪ ʤɪst kip ˈpʊʃɪŋ ənd ˈpʊʃɪŋ ənd ˈpʊʃɪŋ tɪ gɪt wət after.”*.” ˈeɪmɪŋ haɪ ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈiziər wɪn lɛd jʊr ˈbɪznɪs ˈɪntu ˈbæŋkrəptsi əˈgɛn əˈgɛn ənd əˈgɛn. bət əv pur pərˈfɔrməns əˈsaɪd, lɛt hɪz wərdz spik tɪ ju: goʊɪŋ tɪ wɪn soʊ məʧ wɪn ˈæftər wɪn ˈæftər wɪn ðət goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈbɛgɪŋ mi: ‘‘please*, ˈmɪstər. ˈprɛzɪdənt, lɛt ˈjuˈɛs luz wəns ər twaɪs. wi stænd ɪt ˈɛni more.’*.’ ənd goʊɪŋ tɪ seɪ: weɪ. goʊɪŋ tɪ kip ˈwɪnɪŋ. ˈnɛvər goʊɪŋ tɪ luz. ˈnɛvər, ˈɛvər goʊɪŋ tɪ lose.’”*.’” ˈpɑləˌtɪks ɪz ə dɪsˈgreɪs trəmp ɔn ˈgəvərnɪŋ: əv ðə ki ˈprɑbləmz təˈdeɪ ɪz ðət ˈpɑləˌtɪks ɪz səʧ ə dɪsˈgreɪs, gʊd ˈpipəl goʊ ˈɪntu government.”*.” laɪk ˈɛni gʊd laɪ, ə rɪŋ əv truθ tɪ ɪt, bət trəmp ɪz nɑt ðə ˈænɪˌdoʊt. ˈdɑnəld trəmp ə ˈsteɪtsmən; ˌɪnˈsɛndiɛri. ˈdɑnəld trəmp ə commander-in-chief*; ə ˈbʊli. ˈdɑnəld trəmp ləv əˈmɛrɪkə; hi ləvz hɪmˈsɛlf.
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was chosen as the best villain for the highly anticipated "batman begins" (2005) at the 2006 mtv movie awards show held on june 3rd.
is a keen environmental and social worker in various organizations, such as greenpeace, wwf, ark trust, dian fossey gorilla fund, sanctuary and happy child mission.
is an outstanding horseman and keen reader.
backed out from formal acting lesson at the royal academy of dramatic art (rada) when he was twenty and chose to focus on working only to regret it later.
decided not to perform his promotional interviews for the movie "batman begins" (2005) in his native mixed accent because batman was such an 'american icon'.
his two big roles, bateman in "american psycho" (2000) and batman in "batman begins" (2005) differ in a single letter.
was a runner for the role of dick grayson aka robin in "batman forever" (1995) but chris o'donnell eventually got it.
only consumed a single vitamin from a nutritionist, ate salads and apples, chewed gum, smoked cigarettes, and drank nonfat for his role in "the machinist" (2004).
was the seventh actor to play bruce wayne aka batman, the youngest and the first to portray the character.
was introduced to his wife, by winona ryder. was ryder's personal assistant.
had a 10 weeks course of dancing for his act in "newsies" (1992) and martial arts for his role in "swing kids" (1993).
used to have a house in manhattan beach, which he shared with his sister, louise bale.
loves animals and picks two stray dogs and three stray cats that become his pets.
has an ear for accents and had changed his accents throughout his different movies.
his father suffered from brain lymphoma and died at the age of 62.
his stepmother, gloria steinem is a feminist author.
his sister, louise bale is an theatre director and actor and also appeared in "newsies" (1992).
his grandfather was a stand-up comic and children's entertainer while his great-uncle, rex bale, was an actor.
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wɑz ˈʧoʊzən ɛz ðə bɛst ˈvɪlən fər ðə ˈhaɪli ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd "ˈbætˌmæn bɪˈgɪnz" 2005 æt ðə 2006 ˈɛmˈtiˈvi ˈmuvi əˈwɔrdz ʃoʊ hɛld ɔn ʤun 3rd*. ɪz ə kin ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl ənd ˈsoʊʃəl ˈwərkər ɪn ˈvɛriəs ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz, səʧ ɛz ˈgrinˌpis, wwf*, ɑrk trəst, daɪən ˈfɑsi gərˈɪlə fənd, ˈsæŋkʧuˌɛri ənd ˈhæpi ʧaɪld ˈmɪʃən. ɪz ən ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ˈhɔrsmən ənd kin ˈridər. bækt aʊt frəm ˈfɔrməl ˈæktɪŋ ˈlɛsən æt ðə rɔɪəl əˈkædəmi əv drəˈmætɪk ɑrt (ˈrɑdə) wɪn hi wɑz tˈwɛnti ənd ʧoʊz tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˈwərkɪŋ ˈoʊnli tɪ rɪˈgrɛt ɪt ˈleɪtər. ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd nɑt tɪ pərˈfɔrm hɪz pərˈmoʊʃənəl ˈɪntərvˌjuz fər ðə ˈmuvi "ˈbætˌmæn bɪˈgɪnz" 2005 ɪn hɪz ˈneɪtɪv mɪkst ˈækˌsɛnt bɪˈkəz ˈbætˌmæn wɑz səʧ ən 'əˈmɛrɪkən ˈaɪkɑn'. hɪz tu bɪg roʊlz, ˈbeɪtmən ɪn "əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsaɪkoʊ" 2000 ənd ˈbætˌmæn ɪn "ˈbætˌmæn bɪˈgɪnz" 2005 ˈdɪfər ɪn ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈlɛtər. wɑz ə ˈrənər fər ðə roʊl əv dɪk ˈgreɪsən ˈɑkə ˈrɑbɪn ɪn "ˈbætˌmæn fərˈɛvər" 1995 bət krɪs oʊˈdɑnəl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli gɑt ɪt. ˈoʊnli kənˈsumd ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈvaɪtəmən frəm ə nuˈtrɪʃənɪst, eɪt ˈsælədz ənd ˈæpəlz, ʧud gəm, smoʊkt ˌsɪgəˈrɛts, ənd dræŋk ˈnɑnˈfæt fər hɪz roʊl ɪn "ðə məˈʃinəst" 2004 wɑz ðə ˈsɛvənθ ˈæktər tɪ pleɪ brus weɪn ˈɑkə ˈbætˌmæn, ðə ˈjəŋgəst ənd ðə fərst tɪ pɔrˈtreɪ ðə ˈkɛrɪktər. wɑz ˌɪntrəˈdust tɪ hɪz waɪf, baɪ ˈwɪnənə ˈraɪdər. wɑz ˈraɪdərz ˈpərsɪnəl əˈsɪstənt. hæd ə 10 wiks kɔrs əv ˈdænsɪŋ fər hɪz ækt ɪn "ˈnuziz" 1992 ənd ˈmɑrʃəl ɑrts fər hɪz roʊl ɪn "swɪŋ kɪdz" 1993 juzd tɪ hæv ə haʊs ɪn mænˈhætən biʧ, wɪʧ hi ʃɛrd wɪθ hɪz ˈsɪstər, luiz beɪl. ləvz ˈænəməlz ənd pɪks tu streɪ dɔgz ənd θri streɪ kæts ðət bɪˈkəm hɪz pɛts. həz ən ɪr fər ˈæksɛnts ənd hæd ʧeɪnʤd hɪz ˈæksɛnts θruaʊt hɪz ˈdɪfərənt ˈmuviz. hɪz ˈfɑðər ˈsəfərd frəm breɪn lɪmˈfoʊmə ənd daɪd æt ðə eɪʤ əv 62 hɪz ˈstɛpˌməðər, ˈglɔriə ˈstaɪnəm ɪz ə ˈfɛmənɪst ˈɔθər. hɪz ˈsɪstər, luiz beɪl ɪz ən ˈθiətər dɪˈrɛktər ənd ˈæktər ənd ˈɔlsoʊ əˈpɪrd ɪn "ˈnuziz" 1992 hɪz ˈgrænˌfɑðər wɑz ə ˈstænˌdəp ˈkɑmɪk ənd ˈʧɪldrənz ˌɛnərˈteɪnər waɪl hɪz great-uncle*, rɛks beɪl, wɑz ən ˈæktər.
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us president donald trump has been tough on russia and expects moscow to “return” the crimea peninsula to ukraine, the white house spokesman told reporters.
addressing the resignation of national security adviser michael flynn hounded by the media over his contacts with russian diplomats prior to inauguration spicer pointed out that russia “seized” crimea under the obama administration and that the ambassador to the un nikki haley has “strongly denounced the russian occupation.”
"president trump has made it very clear that he expects the russian government to violence in the ukraine and return crimea," spicer said at the daily news briefing on tuesday. “at the same time, he fully expects to and wants to get along with russia."
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“crimea is a part of ukraine. our sanctions will remain in place until russia returns control of the peninsula to ukraine,” haley said at the un security council meeting on february 2.
russian envoy vitaly churkin responded by citing the us constitution and pointing out that overwhelmingly voted to join russia, after the coup in february 2014 overthrew the elected government in kiev.
it is in the national and economic interest of the us to have a good relationship with russia, spicer explained, but said that haley “speaks for the president” on the matter of crimea.
flynn’s resignation on monday followed several weeks of media furor over his telephone conversation with the russian ambassador to the us in december, after the outgoing obama administration expelled 35 russian diplomats and seized two properties. moscow chose not to respond in kind.
“there is nothing that general flynn did that was a violation of any sort,” spicer said, explaining that the adviser was asked to resign because of “eroding trust” after accounts of the conversation to administration officials did not square with what was leaked to the media.
crimea ‘cannot be given back’ to ukraine czech president (@rt_com) september 9, 2016
crimea became part of russia in 1783, but was reassigned to the ukrainian soviet socialist republic in 1954 by the soviet ruling presidium. following the 2014 coup, overwhelmingly voted to rejoin russia in a referendum.
other regions of ukraine also resisted the new government. kiev was able to brutally suppress dissent in odessa and kharkov, but ran into armed resistance in and lugansk. efforts to negotiate a peaceful resolution between kiev and the two breakaway regions, known as the minsk accords, make no mention of crimea.
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ˈjuˈɛs ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdɑnəld trəmp həz bɪn təf ɔn ˈrəʃə ənd ɪkˈspɛkts ˈmɔˌskaʊ tɪ ““return”*” ðə kraɪˈmiə pəˈnɪnsələ tɪ juˈkreɪn, ðə waɪt haʊs ˈspoʊksmən toʊld rɪˈpɔrtərz. æˈdrɛsɪŋ ðə ˌrɛzɪgˈneɪʃən əv ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ædˈvaɪzər ˈmaɪkəl flɪn ˈhaʊndɪd baɪ ðə ˈmidiə ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈkɑnˌtækts wɪθ ˈrəʃən ˈdɪpləˌmæts praɪər tɪ ˌɪˌnɔgjəˈreɪʃən ˈspaɪsər ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ðət ˈrəʃə ““seized”*” kraɪˈmiə ˈəndər ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ənd ðət ðə æmˈbæsədər tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛn ˈnɪki ˈheɪli həz dɪˈnaʊnst ðə ˈrəʃən occupation.”*.” "ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp həz meɪd ɪt ˈvɛri klɪr ðət hi ɪkˈspɛkts ðə ˈrəʃən ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ ˈvaɪələns ɪn ðə juˈkreɪn ənd rɪˈtərn kraɪˈmiə," ˈspaɪsər sɛd æt ðə ˈdeɪli nuz ˈbrifɪŋ ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ. ðə seɪm taɪm, hi ˈfʊli ɪkˈspɛkts tɪ ənd wɔnts tɪ gɪt əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈrəʃə." rɛd mɔr ɪz ə pɑrt əv juˈkreɪn. ɑr ˈsæŋkʃənz wɪl rɪˈmeɪn ɪn pleɪs ənˈtɪl ˈrəʃə rɪˈtərnz kənˈtroʊl əv ðə pəˈnɪnsələ tɪ ukraine,”*,” ˈheɪli sɛd æt ðə ˈjuˈɛn sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈkaʊnsəl ˈmitɪŋ ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2 ˈrəʃən ˈɛnvɔɪ vəˈtæli ˈʧərkən rɪˈspɑndɪd baɪ ˈsaɪtɪŋ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən ənd ˈpɔɪntɪŋ aʊt ðət ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli ˈvoʊtɪd tɪ ʤɔɪn ˈrəʃə, ˈæftər ðə ku ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2014 ˌoʊvərθˈru ðə ɪˈlɛktɪd ˈgəvərnmənt ɪn kiɛv. ɪt ɪz ɪn ðə ˈnæʃənəl ənd ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈɪntəˌrɛst əv ðə ˈjuˈɛs tɪ hæv ə gʊd riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ˈrəʃə, ˈspaɪsər ɪkˈspleɪnd, bət sɛd ðət ˈheɪli fər ðə president”*” ɔn ðə ˈmætər əv kraɪˈmiə. ˌrɛzɪgˈneɪʃən ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ ˈfɑloʊd ˈsɛvərəl wiks əv ˈmidiə fˈjʊrɔr ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈtɛləˌfoʊn ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˈrəʃən æmˈbæsədər tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər, ˈæftər ðə ˈaʊtˌgoʊɪŋ ˌoʊˈbɑmə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ɪkˈspɛld 35 ˈrəʃən ˈdɪpləˌmæts ənd sizd tu ˈprɑpərtiz. ˈmɔˌskaʊ ʧoʊz nɑt tɪ rɪˈspɑnd ɪn kaɪnd. ɪz ˈnəθɪŋ ðət ˈʤɛnərəl flɪn dɪd ðət wɑz ə vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv ˈɛni sort,”*,” ˈspaɪsər sɛd, ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ ðət ðə ædˈvaɪzər wɑz æst tɪ rɪˈzaɪn bɪˈkəz əv trust”*” ˈæftər əˈkaʊnts əv ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən tɪ ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əˈfɪʃəlz dɪd nɑt skwɛr wɪθ wət wɑz likt tɪ ðə ˈmidiə. kraɪˈmiə bi ˈgɪvɪn back’*’ tɪ juˈkreɪn ʧɛk ˈprɛzɪdənt (@rt_com*) sɛpˈtɛmbər 9 2016 kraɪˈmiə bɪˈkeɪm pɑrt əv ˈrəʃə ɪn 1783 bət wɑz ˌriəˈsaɪnd tɪ ðə juˈkreɪniən ˈsoʊviˌɛt ˈsoʊʃəlɪst riˈpəblɪk ɪn 1954 baɪ ðə ˈsoʊviˌɛt ˈrulɪŋ prɪˈsɪdiəm. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə 2014 ku, ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli ˈvoʊtɪd tɪ riˈʤɔɪn ˈrəʃə ɪn ə ˌrɛfərˈɛndəm. ˈəðər ˈriʤənz əv juˈkreɪn ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈzɪstɪd ðə nu ˈgəvərnmənt. kiɛv wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈbrutəli səˈprɛs dɪˈsɛnt ɪn oʊˈdɛsə ənd kharkov*, bət ræn ˈɪntu ɑrmd rɪˈzɪstəns ɪn ənd lugansk*. ˈɛfərts tɪ nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪt ə ˈpisfəl ˌrɛzəˈluʃən bɪtˈwin kiɛv ənd ðə tu ˈbreɪkəˌweɪ ˈriʤənz, noʊn ɛz ðə mɪnsk əˈkɔrdz, meɪk noʊ ˈmɛnʃən əv kraɪˈmiə.
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amazon announced plans monday to open its first fulfillment center in colorado.
amazon announced plans monday to open its first fulfillment center in colorado.
the facility is expected to create more than full-time jobs in aurora for workers who will pick, pack and ship larger customer items, such as sports equipment, musical instruments and furniture. last year, inc. added hundreds of jobs in aurora when it opened its first colorado center.
“we knew amazon coming to aurora meant the creation of great jobs for this community and the arrival of a strong corporate neighbor,” aurora mayor steve hogan said in a statement. “our community has already benefited from their presence here and the announcement of a second facility is very exciting because it means continued economic growth in aurora and the surrounding communities.”
amazon is building a 1 facility at smith way and avenue in aurora, about three miles southeast of its facility.
“it is a new building and is currently under construction. the center is expected to open before the holiday shopping season,” said spokeswoman ashley robinson.
the new jobs will pay 30 percent higher than traditional retail jobs and come with comprehensive benefits starting on day one, according to the company.
subscribe to newsletter here. business & data reporter adrian d. garcia can be reached via email at or twitter.com/adriandgarcia.
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ˈæməˌzɑn əˈnaʊnst plænz ˈmənˌdeɪ tɪ ˈoʊpən ɪts fərst fʊlˈfɪlmənt ˈsɛnər ɪn ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ. ˈæməˌzɑn əˈnaʊnst plænz ˈmənˌdeɪ tɪ ˈoʊpən ɪts fərst fʊlˈfɪlmənt ˈsɛnər ɪn ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ. ðə fəˈsɪlɪti ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ kriˈeɪt mɔr ðən ˈfʊlˌtaɪm ʤɑbz ɪn ərˈɔrə fər ˈwərkərz hu wɪl pɪk, pæk ənd ʃɪp ˈlɑrʤər ˈkəstəmər ˈaɪtəmz, səʧ ɛz spɔrts ɪkˈwɪpmənt, mˈjuzɪkəl ˈɪnstrəmənts ənd ˈfərnɪʧər. læst jɪr, ɪŋk. ˈædɪd ˈhənərdz əv ʤɑbz ɪn ərˈɔrə wɪn ɪt ˈoʊpənd ɪts fərst ˌkɑlərˈɑdoʊ ˈsɛnər. nu ˈæməˌzɑn ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ərˈɔrə mɛnt ðə kriˈeɪʃən əv greɪt ʤɑbz fər ðɪs kəmˈjunɪti ənd ðə ərˈaɪvəl əv ə strɔŋ ˈkɔrpərət neighbor,”*,” ərˈɔrə meɪər stiv ˈhoʊˌgɑn sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt. kəmˈjunɪti həz ɔˈrɛdi ˈbɛnəˌfɪtɪd frəm ðɛr ˈprɛzəns hir ənd ðə əˈnaʊnsmɛnt əv ə ˈsɛkənd fəˈsɪlɪti ɪz ˈvɛri ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ bɪˈkəz ɪt minz kənˈtɪnjud ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk groʊθ ɪn ərˈɔrə ənd ðə sərˈaʊndɪŋ communities.”*.” ˈæməˌzɑn ɪz ˈbɪldɪŋ ə 1 fəˈsɪlɪti æt smɪθ weɪ ənd ˈævəˌnu ɪn ərˈɔrə, əˈbaʊt θri maɪəlz ˌsaʊˈθist əv ɪts fəˈsɪlɪti. ɪz ə nu ˈbɪldɪŋ ənd ɪz ˈkərəntli ˈəndər kənˈstrəkʃən. ðə ˈsɛnər ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ ˈoʊpən ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ ˈʃɑpɪŋ season,”*,” sɛd ˈspoʊksˌwʊmən ˈæʃli ˈrɑbənsən. ðə nu ʤɑbz wɪl peɪ 30 pərˈsɛnt haɪər ðən trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈriˌteɪl ʤɑbz ənd kəm wɪθ ˌkɑmpriˈhɛnsɪv ˈbɛnəfɪts ˈstɑrtɪŋ ɔn deɪ wən, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni. səbˈskraɪb tɪ ˈnuzˌlɛtər hir. ˈbɪznɪs ˈdætə rɪˈpɔrtər ˈeɪdriən di. ˌgɑrˈsiə kən bi riʧt ˈviə iˈmeɪl æt ər twitter.com/adriandgarcia*.
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highrev1 the greg
join date: jan 2005 location: 3) itrader: ( posts:
2002 audi mold detailed first i want to thank mayo, david fermani, and barry for their ideas and thoughts on this detail.
i got an email from the owner and said his audi had some mold. i have done some light mold work before and wasn't too worried about it: i decided to go check out the car to put together a more exact estimate. this audi had a leak coming from the firewall, causing the drivers side floor to be soaked. it was put away in a garage for about 4 months or so for the winter.
so what does 4 months of wet car interior look:
after some discussion, and research, i decided to use an enzyme mold cleaner called. i knew this would be a two day project. i suited up, using a mask, gloves, long sleeve shirt tucked into the glove, and some old pants. i was going to throw away everything i was wearing so i looked like pretty silly
i diluted it in a bucket, and in a spray bottle. not wanting the mold to get airborne i sprayed everything down with the mixture and let it sit for a few minutes. even after just spraying i saw a huge improvement. i was concerned about pitting on the leather but fortunately the mold wasn't on there long enough to pit the leather. i then continued to go over the entire interior with towels from the buckets rinsing after about every square foot or so, i wanted to remove it not spread it around.
even though i was using the i decided to break out the steamer to assist in the mold killing. i have a 2085 steamer that is absolutely amazing at producing steam, i don't know what i would have done without it. i steamed the carpets and lightly hit the seams of the leather. the air ducts were steamed also.
sc crew# 16 http://www.signaturedetailing.com/
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highrev1* ðə grɛg ʤɔɪn deɪt: ʤæn 2005 loʊˈkeɪʃən: 3 itrader*: poʊsts: 2002 ˈɔdi moʊld dɪˈteɪld fərst aɪ wɔnt tɪ θæŋk meɪoʊ, ˈdeɪvɪd fermani*, ənd ˈbɛri fər ðɛr aɪˈdiəz ənd θɔts ɔn ðɪs ˈditeɪl. aɪ gɑt ən iˈmeɪl frəm ðə ˈoʊnər ənd sɛd hɪz ˈɔdi hæd səm moʊld. aɪ hæv dən səm laɪt moʊld wərk ˌbiˈfɔr ənd ˈwəzənt tu ˈwərid əˈbaʊt ɪt aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ goʊ ʧɛk aʊt ðə kɑr tɪ pʊt təˈgɛðər ə mɔr ɪgˈzækt ˈɛstəˌmeɪt. ðɪs ˈɔdi hæd ə lik ˈkəmɪŋ frəm ðə ˈfaɪrwɑl, ˈkɔzɪŋ ðə ˈdraɪvərz saɪd flɔr tɪ bi soʊkt. ɪt wɑz pʊt əˈweɪ ɪn ə gərɑʒ fər əˈbaʊt 4 mənθs ər soʊ fər ðə ˈwɪntər. soʊ wət dɪz 4 mənθs əv wɛt kɑr ˌɪnˈtɪriər lʊk ˈæftər səm dɪˈskəʃən, ənd ˈrisərʧ, aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ juz ən ˈɛnˌzaɪm moʊld ˈklinər kɔld. aɪ nu ðɪs wʊd bi ə tu deɪ ˈprɑʤɛkt. aɪ ˈsutɪd əp, ˈjuzɪŋ ə mæsk, gləvz, lɔŋ sliv ʃərt təkt ˈɪntu ðə gləv, ənd səm oʊld pænts. aɪ wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ θroʊ əˈweɪ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ aɪ wɑz ˈwɛrɪŋ soʊ aɪ lʊkt laɪk ˈprɪti ˈsɪli aɪ dɪˈlutəd ɪt ɪn ə ˈbəkɪt, ənd ɪn ə spreɪ ˈbɑtəl. nɑt ˈwɑnɪŋ ðə moʊld tɪ gɪt ˈɛrˌbɔrn aɪ spreɪd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ daʊn wɪθ ðə ˈmɪksʧər ənd lɛt ɪt sɪt fər ə fju ˈmɪnəts. ˈivɪn ˈæftər ʤɪst spreɪɪŋ aɪ sɔ ə juʤ ˌɪmˈpruvmənt. aɪ wɑz kənˈsərnd əˈbaʊt ˈpɪtɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈlɛðər bət ˈfɔrʧənətli ðə moʊld ˈwəzənt ɔn ðɛr lɔŋ ɪˈnəf tɪ pɪt ðə ˈlɛðər. aɪ ðɛn kənˈtɪnjud tɪ goʊ ˈoʊvər ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˌɪnˈtɪriər wɪθ taʊəlz frəm ðə ˈbəkəts ˈrɪnsɪŋ ˈæftər əˈbaʊt ˈɛvəri skwɛr fʊt ər soʊ, aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ riˈmuv ɪt nɑt sprɛd ɪt əraʊnd. ˈivɪn ðoʊ aɪ wɑz ˈjuzɪŋ ðə aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ breɪk aʊt ðə ˈstimər tɪ əˈsɪst ɪn ðə moʊld ˈkɪlɪŋ. aɪ hæv ə 2085 ˈstimər ðət ɪz ˌæbsəˈlutli əˈmeɪzɪŋ æt prəˈdusɪŋ stim, aɪ doʊnt noʊ wət aɪ wʊd hæv dən wɪˈθaʊt ɪt. aɪ stimd ðə ˈkɑrpəts ənd ˈlaɪtli hɪt ðə simz əv ðə ˈlɛðər. ðə ɛr dəkts wər stimd ˈɔlsoʊ. kru# 16 http://www.signaturedetailing.com*/ ˈfɑloʊ mi ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk
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leaders of the five organisations of the survivors of the union carbide disaster in bhopal today condemned the united states government for its attempt to protect dow chemical from ongoing criminal proceedings in the bhopal district court. they said that today was the third time that dow chemical had ignored the notice to appear in the bhopal district court.
they said that the us department of justice has informed the that it has decided not to serve the notices against dow chemical as it held that dow chemical could not be held liable for the union carbide disaster.
counsel for one of the organizations, bhopal group for information & action, avi singh said the us department of refusal to serve notice on dow was against the principle of international cooperation against crime as enshrined in the mutual legal assistance treaty.
mr. singh pointed out that dow chemical refers to the bhopal notice upon its own website and has thus publicly acknowledged the summons. accordingly there was no need for further notice to be served on dow.
on behalf of the bhopal group for information & action, mr. singh moved an application in the court to commence ex parte proceedings against dow chemical as well as refer them for contempt of court, and filing of a fir under sections 174 (obstruction of a public official) and 212 a fugitive) of the ipc.
the application by the bhopal group for information and act also sought commencement of the criminal trial against ucc.
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ˈlidərz əv ðə faɪv ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz əv ðə sərˈvaɪvərz əv ðə ˈjunjən ˈkɑrˌbaɪd dɪˈzæstər ɪn boʊˈpɑl təˈdeɪ kənˈdɛmd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈgəvərnmənt fər ɪts əˈtɛmpt tɪ prəˈtɛkt daʊ ˈkɛmɪkəl frəm ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈkrɪmənəl prəˈsidɪŋz ɪn ðə boʊˈpɑl ˈdɪstrɪkt kɔrt. ðeɪ sɛd ðət təˈdeɪ wɑz ðə θərd taɪm ðət daʊ ˈkɛmɪkəl hæd ˌɪgˈnɔrd ðə ˈnoʊtɪs tɪ əˈpɪr ɪn ðə boʊˈpɑl ˈdɪstrɪkt kɔrt. ðeɪ sɛd ðət ðə ˈjuˈɛs dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈʤəstɪs həz ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ðə ðət ɪt həz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd nɑt tɪ sərv ðə ˈnoʊtɪsɪz əˈgɛnst daʊ ˈkɛmɪkəl ɛz ɪt hɛld ðət daʊ ˈkɛmɪkəl kʊd nɑt bi hɛld ˈlaɪəbəl fər ðə ˈjunjən ˈkɑrˌbaɪd dɪˈzæstər. ˈkaʊnsəl fər wən əv ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz, boʊˈpɑl grup fər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈækʃən, ˈɑvi sɪŋ sɛd ðə ˈjuˈɛs dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv rɪfˈjuzəl tɪ sərv ˈnoʊtɪs ɔn daʊ wɑz əˈgɛnst ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl əv ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl kˌwɔpərˈeɪʃən əˈgɛnst kraɪm ɛz ɛnʃˈraɪnd ɪn ðə mˈjuʧuəl ˈligəl əˈsɪstəns ˈtriti. ˈmɪstər. sɪŋ ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ðət daʊ ˈkɛmɪkəl rɪˈfərz tɪ ðə boʊˈpɑl ˈnoʊtɪs əˈpɑn ɪts oʊn ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ənd həz ðəs ˈpəblɪkli ækˈnɑlɪʤd ðə ˈsəmənz. əˈkɔrdɪŋli ðɛr wɑz noʊ nid fər ˈfərðər ˈnoʊtɪs tɪ bi sərvd ɔn daʊ. ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ðə boʊˈpɑl grup fər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈækʃən, ˈmɪstər. sɪŋ muvd ən ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ɪn ðə kɔrt tɪ kəˈmɛns ɛks ˈpɑrteɪ prəˈsidɪŋz əˈgɛnst daʊ ˈkɛmɪkəl ɛz wɛl ɛz rɪˈfər ðɛm fər kənˈtɛmpt əv kɔrt, ənd ˈfaɪlɪŋ əv ə fər ˈəndər ˈsɛkʃənz 174 (əbˈstrəkʃən əv ə ˈpəblɪk əˈfɪʃəl) ənd 212 ə fˈjuʤɪtɪv) əv ðə ipc*. ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən baɪ ðə boʊˈpɑl grup fər ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd ækt ˈɔlsoʊ sɔt kəˈmɛnsmənt əv ðə ˈkrɪmənəl traɪəl əˈgɛnst ucc*.
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