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198 | and they have dedicated their lives to it and just to give you an idea they have spent million over years it's very harsh conditions they work on a shoestring budget the toilets there are literally holes in the ground covered with a wooden shack and it's that basic but they do this every year from siberia to the desert in chile to see something called the very large telescope the very large telescope is one of these things that astronomers do they name their telescopes rather i can tell you for a fact that the next one that they're planning is called the extremely large telescope | 1 |
199 | i would like to talk today about what i think is one of the greatest adventures human beings have embarked upon which is the quest to understand the universe and our place in it my own interest in this subject and my passion for it began rather accidentally i had bought a copy of this book the universe and dr einstein a used paperback from a secondhand bookstore in seattle a few years after that in bangalore i was finding it hard to fall asleep one night and i picked up this book thinking it would put me to sleep in minutes and as it happened i read it from midnight to five in the morning in one shot and i was left with this intense feeling of awe and exhilaration at the universe and our own ability to understand as much as we do | 0 |
200 | you're seeing on the right is the design of the library specifically in terms of square footage on the left of that diagram here you'll see a series of five platforms sort of combs collective programs and on the right are the more indeterminate spaces things like reading rooms whose evolution in years we can't predict so that literally was the design of the building they signed it and to their chagrin we came back a week later and we presented them this and as you can see it is literally the diagram on the right | 1 |
201 | so you see the five platforms those are the boxes within each one a very discrete thing is happening the area in between is sort of an urban continuum these things that we can't predict their evolution to the same degree to give you some sense of the power of this idea the biggest block is what we call the book spiral it's literally built in a very inexpensive way it is a parking garage for books it just so happens to be on the through floors of the building but that is not necessarily an expensive approach and it allows us to organize the entire dewey decimal system on one continuous run no matter how it grows or contracts within the building it will always have its clarity to end the sort of trail of tears that we've all experienced in public libraries | 1 |
202 | this is actually a program that we invented with the library it was recognizing that public libraries are the last vestige of public free space there are plenty of shopping malls that allow you to get out of the rain in downtown seattle but there are not so many free places that allow you to get out of the rain so this was an area where people could pretty much do anything including eat yell play chess and so forth now we're moving up into what we call the mixing chamber that was the main technology area in the building you'll have to tell me if i'm going too fast for you and now up this is actually the place that we put into the building so i could propose to my wife right there | 1 |
204 | first the physical constraints we actually had to operate on three discrete sites all of them well smaller than the size of the building we had to operate next to the new muhammad ali center and respect it we had to operate within the floodplain now this area floods three to four times a year and there's a levee behind our site similar to the ones that broke in new orleans had to operate behind the corridor a street that cuts through the middle of these separate sites so we're starting to build a sort of nightmare of constraints in a bathtub underneath the bathtub are the city's main power lines and there is a pedestrian corridor that they wanted to add that would link a series of cultural buildings and a view corridor because this is the historic district that they didn't want to obstruct with a new building | 1 |
205 | and now we're going to add million square feet and if we did the traditional thing that million square feet these are the different programs the traditional thing would be to identify the public elements place them on sites and now we'd have a really terrible situation a public thing in the middle of a bathtub that floods and then we would size all the other elements the different commercial elements hotel luxury housing offices and so forth and dump it on top and we would create something that was in fact and you know this this is called the time warner building | 1 |
207 | the second the second is that this process does not have a signature there is no authorship architects are obsessed with authorship this is something that has editing and it has teams but in fact we no longer see within this process the traditional master architect creating a sketch that his minions carry out and the third is that it challenges and this is in the length of this very hard to support why connect all these things but it challenges the high modernist notion of flexibility high modernists said we will create sort of singular spaces that are generic almost anything can happen within them i call it sort of shotgun flexibility turn your head this way shoot and you're bound to kill something | 0 |
208 | high modernists said we will create sort of singular spaces that are generic almost anything can happen within them i call it sort of shotgun flexibility turn your head this way shoot and you're bound to kill something so this is the promise of high modernism within a single space actually any kind of activity can happen but as we're seeing operational costs are starting to dwarf capital costs in terms of design parameters and so with this sort of idea what happens is whatever actually is in the building on opening day or whatever seems to be the most immediate need starts to dwarf the possibility and sort of it of anything else could ever happen and so we're proposing a different kind of flexibility something that we call compartmentalized flexibility and the idea is that you within that continuum identify a series of points and you design specifically to them they can be pushed off center a little bit but in the end you actually still get as much of that original spectrum as you originally had hoped with high modernist flexibility that doesn't really work | 0 |
209 | to talk about i'm going to build up the seattle central library in this way before your eyes in about five or six diagrams and i truly mean this is the design process that you'll see with the library staff and the library board we settled on two core positions this is the first one and this is showing over the last years the evolution of the book and other technologies this diagram was our sort of position piece about the book and our position was books are technology that's something people forget but it's a form of technology that will have to share its dominance with any other form of truly potent technology or media the second premise and this was something that was very difficult for us to convince the librarians of at first is that libraries since the inception of carnegie library tradition in america had a second responsibility and that was for social roles ok now this i'll come back to later but something actually the librarians at first said no this isn't our mandate our mandate is media and particularly the book | 0 |
210 | so what you're seeing now is actually the design of the building the upper diagram is what we had seen in a whole host of contemporary libraries that used high modernist flexibility sort of any activity could happen anywhere we don't know the future of the library we don't know the future of the book and so we'll use this approach and what we saw were buildings that were very generic and worse not only were they very generic so not only does the reading room look like the copy room look like the magazine area but it meant that whatever issue was troubling the library at that moment was starting to engulf every other activity that was happening in it and in this case what was getting engulfed were these social responsibilities by the expansion of the book and so we proposed what's at the lower diagram | 0 |
212 | he wasn't content with the way the newspapers published it to be safe and legal he threw it all out there that did end up with vulnerable people in afghanistan being exposed it also meant that the dictator was given a handy list of all the pro democracy campaigners in that country who had spoken to the u s government is that radical openness i say it's not because for me what it means it doesn't mean abdicating power responsibility accountability it's actually being a partner with power it's about sharing responsibility sharing accountability also the fact that he threatened to sue me because i got a leak of his leaks i thought that showed a remarkable sort of inconsistency in ideology to be honest as well | 1 |
213 | so what is the solution it is i believe to embody within the rule of law rights to information at the moment our rights are incredibly weak in a lot of countries we have official secrets acts including in britain here we have an official secrets act with no public interest test so that means it's a crime people are punished quite severely in a lot of cases for publishing or giving away official information now wouldn't it be amazing and really this is what i want all of you to think about if we had an official disclosure act where officials were punished if they were found to have suppressed or hidden information that was in the public interest so that yes yes my power pose i would like us to work towards that | 1 |
214 | they've locked all the doors they've kidded out the house with cameras they're watching all of us they've dug a basement and they've built a spy center to try and run algorithms and figure out which ones of us are troublesome and if any of us complain about that we're arrested for terrorism well is that a fairy tale or a living nightmare some fairy tales have happy endings some don't i think we've all read the fairy tales which are indeed very grim but the world isn't a fairy tale and it could be more brutal than we want to acknowledge equally it could be better than we've been led to believe but either way we have to start seeing it exactly as it is with all of its problems because it's only by seeing it with all of its problems that we'll be able to fix them and live in a world in which we can all be happily ever after | 1 |
215 | a time the world was a big dysfunctional family it was run by the great and powerful parents and the people were helpless and hopeless naughty children if any of the more children questioned the authority of the parents they were scolded if they went exploring into the parents' rooms or even into the secret filing cabinets they were punished and told that for their own good they must never go in there again then one day a man came to town with boxes and boxes of secret documents stolen from the parents' rooms look what they've been hiding from you he said | 0 |
216 | then one day a man came to town with boxes and boxes of secret documents stolen from the parents' rooms look what they've been hiding from you he said the children looked and were amazed there were maps and minutes from meetings where the parents were each other off they behaved just like the children and they made mistakes too just like the children the only difference was their mistakes were in the secret filing cabinets well there was a girl in the town and she didn't think they should be in the secret filing cabinets or if they were there ought to be a law to allow the children access and so she set about to make it so | 0 |
217 | well i'm the girl in that story and the secret documents that i was interested in were located in this building the british parliament and the data that i wanted to get my hands on were the expense receipts of members of parliament i thought this was a basic question to ask in a democracy it wasn't like i was asking for the code to a nuclear bunker or anything like that but the amount of resistance i got from this freedom of information request you would have thought i'd asked something like this so i fought for about five years doing this and it was one of many hundreds of requests that i made not i didn't hey look i didn't set out honestly to revolutionize the british parliament that was not my intention i was just making these requests as part of research for my first book but it ended up in this very long protracted legal battle and there i was after five years fighting against parliament in front of three of britain's most eminent high court judges waiting for their ruling about whether or not parliament had to release this data | 0 |
218 | so what i'd like to talk about is something that was very dear to kahn's heart which is how do we discover what is really particular about a project how do you discover the uniqueness of a project as unique as a person because it seems to me that finding this uniqueness has to do with dealing with the whole force of globalization that the particular is central to finding the uniqueness of place and the uniqueness of a program in a building and so i'll take you to wichita kansas where i was asked some years ago to do a science museum on a site right downtown by the river and i thought the secret of the site was to make the building of the river part of the river unfortunately though the site was separated from the river by mclean boulevard so i suggested let's reroute mclean and that gave birth instantly to friends of mclean boulevard | 1 |
220 | and so the process began and they said you can't put it all on an island some of it has to be on the mainland because we don't want to turn our back to the community and there emerged a design the galleries sort of forming an island and you could walk through them or on the roof and there were all kinds of exciting features you could come in through the buildings walk through the galleries into playgrounds in the landscape if you were cheap you could walk on top of a bridge to the roof peek in the exhibits and then get totally seduced come back and pay the five dollars admission | 1 |
221 | so you know it's one of those things that you don't take too seriously but two weeks later i was in this little town outside the capital of the punjab and the temple and also next to it the fortress that the last guru of the sikhs guru died in as he wrote the khalsa which is their holy scripture and i got to work and they took me somewhere down there nine kilometers away from the town and the temple and said that's where we have chosen the location and i said this just doesn't make any sense the pilgrims come here by the hundreds of thousands they're not going to get in trucks and buses and go down there let's get back to the town and walk to the site and i recommended they do it right there on that hill and this hill and bridge all the way into the town and as things are a little easier in india the site was purchased within a week and we were working | 1 |
223 | and there it is under construction there are workers at work and it will be finished in two years back to three years ago after all this episode began decided to rebuild completely the historic museum because now washington was built the holocaust museum in washington and that museum is so much more comprehensive in terms of information and needs to deal with three million visitors a year at this point they said let's rebuild the museum but of course the sikhs might give you a job on a platter the jews make it hard international competition phase one phase two phase three | 1 |
224 | a for those who don't know is the surface of a doughnut or for some of us a bagel and out of this idea started spinning off many many kinds of variations of different plans and possibilities and then the plan itself evolved in relationship to the exhibits and you see the intersection of the plan with the geometry | 0 |
225 | and finally the building this is the model and when there were complaints about budget i said well it's worth doing the island because you get twice for your money reflections and here's the building as it opened with a channel overlooking downtown and as seen from downtown and the bike going right through the building so those traveling the river would see the exhibits and be drawn to the building the geometry made for a very efficient building every beam in this building is the same radius all laminated wood every wall every concrete wall is resisting the stresses and supporting the building every piece of the building works | 0 |
227 | this voice does not repeat for six months and then you descend to light and to the north and to life | 0 |
228 | well they said people won't understand they'll think it's a discotheque you can't do that and they shelved the project and it sat there for years and then one day abe spiegel from los angeles who had lost his three son at auschwitz came saw the model wrote the check and it got built years later so many years after that in i was on one of my monthly trips to jerusalem and i got a call from the foreign ministry saying we've got the chief minister of the punjab here he is on a state visit we took him on a visit to we took him to the children's memorial he was extremely moved | 0 |
229 | so many years after that in i was on one of my monthly trips to jerusalem and i got a call from the foreign ministry saying we've got the chief minister of the punjab here he is on a state visit we took him on a visit to we took him to the children's memorial he was extremely moved he's demanding to meet the architect could you come down and meet him in tel aviv and i went down and chief minister badal said to me we sikhs have suffered a great deal as you have jews i was very moved by what i saw today we are going to build our national museum to tell the story of our people we're about to embark on that i'd like you to come and design it and so you know it's one of those things that you don't take too seriously | 0 |
232 | and watched a real surgery i had no idea what to expect i was a college student in engineering i thought it was going to be like on tv ominous music playing in the background beads of sweat pouring down the surgeon's face but it wasn't like that at all there was music playing on this day i think it was madonna's greatest hits | 1 |
235 | so let's take a look at some of the devices that are used in these types of procedures i mentioned this is an epidural needle it's used to puncture through the ligaments in the spine and deliver anesthesia during childbirth here's a set of bone marrow biopsy tools these are actually used to burrow into the bone and collect bone marrow or sample bone lesions here's a from the civil war | 1 |
237 | right every single time you did this you experienced the same fundamental physics that i was watching in the operating room that day and it turns out it really is a problem in the actually came out and said that incisions might be the most dangerous step in minimally invasive surgery again in we see a paper that says that account for over half of all major complications in laparoscopic surgery and oh by the way this hasn't changed for years so when i got to graduate school this is what i wanted to work on | 0 |
239 | because what's the difference so the more i did this research the more i thought there has to be a better way to do this and for me the key to this problem is that all these different puncture devices share a common set of fundamental physics so what are those physics let's go back to drilling through a wall so you're applying a force on a drill towards the wall | 0 |
240 | this story begins in when at age i became the world chess champion after beating anatoly karpov earlier that year i played what is called simultaneous exhibition against of the world's best chess playing machines in hamburg germany i won all the games and then it was not considered much of a surprise that i could beat computers at the same time to me that was the golden age | 1 |
242 | just years later i was fighting for my life against just one computer in a match called by the cover of newsweek the brain's last stand no pressure | 1 |
245 | john henry's legend is a part of a long historical narrative pitting humanity versus technology and this competitive rhetoric is standard now we are in a race against the machines in a fight or even in a war jobs are being killed off | 0 |
248 | deep blue was victorious but was it intelligent no no it wasn't at least not in the way alan turing and other founders of computer science had hoped it turned out that chess could be crunched by brute force once hardware got fast enough and algorithms got smart enough although by the definition of the output grandmaster level chess deep blue was intelligent but even at the incredible speed million positions per second deep blue's method provided little of the dreamed of insight into the mysteries of human intelligence soon machines will be taxi drivers and doctors and professors but will they be intelligent i would rather leave these definitions to the philosophers and to the dictionary what really matters is how we humans feel about living and working with these machines when i first met deep blue in in february i had been the world champion for more than years and i had played world championship games and hundreds of games against other top players in other competitions | 0 |
250 | what about the electronic revolution here's an early computer it's amazing the mainframe computer was invented in by we had telephone bills bank statements were being produced by computers the earliest cell phones the earliest personal computers were invented in the the brought us bill gates dos machines to replace bank tellers bar code scanning to cut down on labor in the retail sector fast forward through the we had the revolution and a temporary rise in productivity growth but i'm now going to give you an experiment you have to choose either option a or option b | 1 |
252 | i don't know why but i'm continually amazed to think that two and a half billion of us around the world are connected to each other through the internet and that at any point in time more than percent of the world's population can go online to learn to create and to share and the amount of time each of us is spending doing all of this is also continuing to go grow a recent study showed that the young generation alone is spending over eight hours a day online as the parent of a nine girl that number seems awfully low | 1 |
253 | this is a nine girl navigating to principally children's sites i move from this from freaked out to enraged this is no longer me being a tech pioneer or a privacy advocate this is me being a parent imagine in the physical world if somebody followed our children around with a camera and a notebook and recorded their every movement i can tell you there isn't a person in this room that would sit idly by we'd take action it may not be good action but we would take action | 1 |
254 | and with every click of the mouse and every touch of the screen we are like hansel and gretel leaving of our personal information everywhere we travel through the digital woods we are leaving our birthdays our places of residence our interests and preferences our relationships our financial histories and on and on it goes now don't get me wrong i'm not for one minute suggesting that sharing data is a bad thing | 0 |
255 | now don't get me wrong i'm not for one minute suggesting that sharing data is a bad thing in fact when i know the data that's being shared and i'm asked explicitly for my consent i want some sites to understand my habits it helps them suggest books for me to read or movies for my family to watch or friends for us to connect with but when i don't know and when i haven't been asked that's when the problem arises it's a phenomenon on the internet today called behavioral tracking and it is very big business in fact there's an entire industry formed around following us through the digital woods and compiling a profile on each of us and when all of that data is held they can do almost whatever they want with it this is an area today that has very few regulations and even fewer rules | 0 |
256 | pitch black outside my old son is fast asleep in his bed sleeping the reckless deep sleep of a teenager i flip on the light and physically shake the poor boy awake because i know that like ripping off a band aid it's better to get it over with quickly | 1 |
259 | i also know that by waking him up hours before his natural biological clock tells him he's ready i'm literally robbing him of his dreams the type of sleep most associated with learning memory consolidation and emotional processing but it's not just my kid that's being deprived of sleep sleep deprivation among american teenagers is an epidemic only about one in gets the eight to hours of sleep per night recommended by sleep scientists and pediatricians | 0 |
260 | sleep deprivation among american teenagers is an epidemic only about one in gets the eight to hours of sleep per night recommended by sleep scientists and pediatricians now if you're thinking to yourself phew we're doing good my kid's getting eight hours remember eight hours is the minimum recommendation you're barely passing eight hours is kind of like getting a c on your report card there are many factors contributing to this epidemic but a major factor preventing teens from getting the sleep they need is actually a matter of public policy not hormones social lives or across the country many schools are starting around or earlier despite the fact that major medical organizations recommend that middle and high school start no earlier than these early start policies have a direct effect on how much or really how little sleep american teenagers are getting | 0 |
262 | i loved dance lola alvin ailey jerome robbins and i also avidly followed the gemini and the apollo programs i had science projects and tons of astronomy books i took calculus and philosophy i wondered about the infinity and the big bang theory and when i was at stanford i found myself my senior year chemical engineering major half the folks thought i was a political science and performing arts major which was sort of true because i was black student union president and i did major in some other things and i found myself the last quarter juggling chemical engineering separation processes logic classes nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and also producing and choreographing a dance production and i had to do the lighting and the design work and i was trying to figure out do i go to new york city to try to become a professional dancer or do i go to medical school now my mother helped me figure that one out | 1 |
263 | and yeah sub atomic physics is you literally try to tear atoms apart to understand what's inside of them but sculpture from what i understand from great sculptors is because you see a piece and you remove what doesn't need to be there biotechnology is constructive orchestral arranging is constructive so in fact we use constructive and techniques in everything the difference between science and the arts is not that they are different sides of the same coin even or even different parts of the same continuum but rather they're manifestations of the same thing different quantum states of an atom or maybe if i want to be more century i could say that they are different harmonic of a but we'll leave that alone | 1 |
265 | you know people say intuitive you know that's like you're in touch with nature in touch with yourself and relationships analytical you put your mind to work and i'm going to tell you a little secret you all know this though but sometimes people use this analysis idea that things are outside of ourselves to be say that this is what we're going to elevate as the true most important sciences right and then you have artists and you all know this is true as well artists will say things about scientists because they say they're too concrete they're disconnected with the world but we've even had that here on stage so don't act like you don't know what i'm talking about | 1 |
269 | is to spend some time talking about some stuff that's sort of giving me a little bit of existential angst for lack of a better word over the past couple of years and basically these three quotes tell what's going on when god made the color purple god was just showing off alice walker wrote in the color purple and zora neale hurston wrote in dust tracks on a road research is a formalized curiosity it's poking and prying with a purpose and then finally when i think about the near future you know we have this attitude well whatever happens happens right so that goes along with the cat saying if you don't care much where you want to get to it doesn't much matter which way you go but i think it does matter which way we go and what road we take because when i think about design in the near future what i think are the most important issues what's really crucial and vital is that we need to revitalize the arts and sciences right now in if we describe the near future as years from now that means that what we do today is going to be critically important because in the year and the year the world our society is going to be building on the basic knowledge and abstract ideas the discoveries that we came up with today just as all these wonderful things we're hearing about here at the ted conference that we take for granted in the world right now were really knowledge and ideas that came up in the the and the that's the substrate that we're exploiting today whether it's the internet genetic engineering laser scanners guided missiles fiber optics high definition television sensing remote sensing from space and the wonderful remote sensing photos that we see in weaving tv programs like tracker and enterprise cd rewrite drives alvin suite otis or sarah jones' your revolution will not be between these thighs which by the way was banned by the or all of these things without question almost without exception are really based on ideas and abstract and creativity from years before so we have to ask ourselves what are we contributing to that legacy right now and when i think about it i'm really worried to be quite frank i'm concerned | 0 |
279 | take all this advice with a grain of salt i'm tulley i'm a contract computer scientist by trade but i'm the founder of something called the tinkering school it's a summer program which aims to help kids learn how to build the things that they think of so we build a lot of things and i do put power tools into the hands of second graders so if you're thinking about sending your kid to tinkering school they do come back bruised scraped and bloody | 1 |
280 | you know we live in a world that's subjected to ever more stringent child safety regulations there doesn't seem to be any limit on how crazy child safety regulations can get we put suffocation warnings on every piece of plastic film manufactured in the united states or for sale with an item in the united states we put warnings on coffee cups to tell us that the contents may be hot and we seem to think that any item sharper than a golf ball is too sharp for children under the age of so where does this trend stop when we round every corner and eliminate every sharp object every pokey bit in the world then the first time that kids come in contact with anything sharp or not made out of round plastic they'll hurt themselves with it so as the boundaries of what we determine as the safety zone grow ever smaller we cut off our children from valuable opportunities to learn how to interact with the world around them and despite all of our best efforts and intentions kids are always going to figure out how to do the most dangerous thing they can in whatever environment they can | 1 |
281 | so despite the provocative title this presentation is really about safety and about some simple things that we can do to raise our kids to be creative confident and in control of the environment around them and what i now present to you is an excerpt from a book in progress the book is called dangerous things this is five dangerous things thing number one play with fire learning to control one of the most elemental forces in nature is a pivotal moment in any child's personal history | 0 |
282 | your first is like the first universal tool that you're given you know it's a spatula it's a pry bar it's a screwdriver and it's a blade yeah and it's a powerful and empowering tool and in a lot of cultures they give knives like as soon as they're toddlers they have knives these are inuit children cutting whale blubber i first saw this in a canadian film board film when i was and it left a lasting impression to see babies playing with knives | 0 |
290 | bangladesh less power america germany japan more power china russia ambiguous | 1 |
291 | last year i went on my first book tour in months i flew to countries and gave some hundred talks every talk in every country began with an introduction and every introduction began alas with a lie comes from ghana and nigeria or comes from england and the states whenever i heard this opening sentence no matter the country that concluded it england america ghana nigeria i thought but that's not true yes i was born in england and grew up in the united states my mum born in england and raised in nigeria currently lives in ghana | 0 |
327 | and in i found the answer in principles in a master spoken word artist named reg e gaines who wrote the famous poem please don't take my air jordans and i followed this guy everywhere until i had him in the room and i read him one of my pieces and you know what he told me wack you know what the problem is with you you don't read other people's poetry and you don't got any subordination for verbal measures to tonal consideration | 1 |
332 | i've actually been waiting by the phone for a call from ted for years and in fact in i was ready to talk about but no call in i was ready to do a talk about the foundation and social entrepreneurship no call in i started participant productions and we had a really good first year and no call and finally i get a call last year and then i have to go up after j j abrams | 1 |
333 | when i first moved to hollywood from silicon valley i had some misgivings but i found that there were some advantages to being in hollywood | 1 |
334 | and i also found that hollywood and silicon valley have a lot more in common than i would have dreamed hollywood has its sex symbols and the valley has its sex symbols | 1 |
335 | i then had a bit of a wake up call when i was and my dad came home one day and announced that he had cancer and it looked pretty bad and what he said was he wasn't so much afraid that he might die but that he hadn't done the things that he wanted to with his life and knock on wood he's still alive today many years later but for a young man that made a real impression on me that one never knows how much time one really has so i set out in a hurry i studied engineering i started a couple of businesses that i thought would be the ticket to financial freedom one of those businesses was a computer rental business called micros on the move which is very well named because people kept stealing the computers | 1 |
336 | and while i was there i made friends with a fellow named pierre who is here today and pierre i apologize for this this is a photo from the old days and just after i'd graduated pierre came to me with this idea to help people buy and sell things online with each other and with the wisdom of my stanford degree i said pierre what a stupid idea | 1 |
337 | and it was this last part of the mission the celebrate part that really got me back to thinking when i was a kid and wanted to tell stories to get people involved in the issues that affect us all and a light bulb went off which was first that i didn't actually have to do the writing myself i could find writers and then the next light bulb was better than just writing what about film and tv to get out to people in a big way and i thought about the films that inspired me films like gandhi and schindler's list and i wondered who was doing these kinds of films today and there really wasn't a specific company that was focused on the public interest so in i started to make my way around los angeles to talk about the idea of a pro social media company and i was met with a lot of encouragement one of the lines of encouragement that i heard over and over was the streets of hollywood are littered with the carcasses of people like you who think you're going to come to this town and make movies and then of course there was the other adage the surest way to become a millionaire is to start by being a billionaire and go into the movie business | 1 |
338 | know there's another adage in hollywood that nobody knows nothing about anything and i really thought this was going to be a straight charitable initiative and so it was a great shock to all of us when the film really captured the public interest and today is mandatory viewing in schools in england and scotland and most of scandinavia we've sent to high school teachers in the u s and it's really changed the debate on global warming it was also a pretty good year for this guy we now call al the george clooney of global warming | 1 |
340 | closing i'd like to say that everybody has the opportunity to make change in their own way and all the people in this room have done so through their business lives or their philanthropic work or their other interests and one thing that i've learned is that there's never one right way to make change one can do it as a tech person or as a finance person or a nonprofit person or as an entertainment person but every one of us is all of those things and more and i believe if we do these things we can close the opportunity gaps we can close the hope gaps and i can imagine if we do this the headlines in years might read something like these new aids cases in africa fall to zero u s imports its last barrel of oil israelis and palestinians celebrate years of peaceful coexistence and i like this one snow has returned to kilimanjaro | 1 |
341 | when chris invited me to speak he said people think of you as a bit of an enigma and they want to know what drives you a bit and what really drives me is a vision of the future that i think we all share | 0 |
342 | and what really drives me is a vision of the future that i think we all share it's a world of peace and prosperity and sustainability and when we heard a lot of the presentations over the last couple of days ed wilson and the pictures of james i think we all realized how far we have to go to get to this new version of humanity that i like to call humanity and it's also something that resides in each of us to close what i think are the two big calamities in the world today one is the gap in opportunity this gap that president clinton last night called uneven unfair and unsustainable and out of that comes poverty and illiteracy and disease and all these evils that we see around us but perhaps the other bigger gap is what we call the hope gap and someone at some point came up with this very bad idea that an ordinary individual couldn't make a difference in the world and i think that's just a horrible thing | 0 |
343 | and someone at some point came up with this very bad idea that an ordinary individual couldn't make a difference in the world and i think that's just a horrible thing and so chapter one really begins today with all of us because within each of us is the power to equal those opportunity gaps and to close the hope gaps and if the men and women of ted can't make a difference in the world i don't know who can and for me a lot of this started when i was younger and my family used to go camping in upstate new york and there really wasn't much to do there for the summer except get beaten up by my sister or read books and so i used to read authors like james michener and james and ayn rand and their stories made the world seem a very small and interconnected place and it struck me that if i could write stories that were about this world as being small and interconnected that maybe i could get people interested in the issues that affected us all and maybe engage them to make a difference | 0 |
344 | but for me personally it was a real change i went from living in a house with five guys in palo alto and living off their leftovers to all of a sudden having all kinds of resources | 0 |
345 | bet on good people doing good things and that really resonated with me | 0 |
346 | to bet on these good people doing good things these leading innovative nonprofit folks who are using business skills in a very leveraged way to solve social problems people today we call social entrepreneurs and to put a face on it people like muhammad who started the bank has lifted million people plus out of poverty around the world won the nobel peace prize but there's also a lot of people that you don't know folks like ann cotton who started a group called in africa because she felt girls' education was lagging and she started it about years ago and today she educates over a quarter million african girls | 0 |
347 | and she started it about years ago and today she educates over a quarter million african girls and somebody like dr victoria hale who started the world's first nonprofit pharmaceutical company and whose first drug will be fighting visceral also known as black fever and by she hopes to eliminate this disease which is really a scourge in the developing world and so this is one way to bet on good people doing good things and a lot of this comes together in a philosophy of change that i find really is powerful it's what we call invest connect and celebrate and invest if you see good people doing good things invest in them invest in their organizations or in business | 0 |
349 | in we launched our first slate of films murder ball north country and good night and good luck and much to my surprise they were noticed | 0 |
368 | silicon valley is obsessed with disruption but these days the biggest didn't come out of silicon valley it came out of steel towns in ohio rural communities in pennsylvania the panhandle in florida and this last us presidential election was the mother of all disruptions once again politics is personal millions of americans became activists overnight pouring into the streets in record numbers in record time | 1 |
369 | now these are big images and big ideas but i really love the small stuff along another wall lorenzetti illustrates the effects of good government on the real and everyday lives of ordinary people with a series of delicious little details in the countryside the hills are landscaped and farmed crops are being sown reaped milled plowed all in one picture crops and livestock are being brought to market in the city builders raise a tower people attend a law lecture a ted talk of the century | 1 |
370 | now what's amazing about these images from years ago is that they're familiar to us today we see what democracy looks like we experience the effects of good government in our lives just as lorenzetti did in his life but it is the allegory of bad government that has been haunting me since november it's badly damaged but it reads like today's newspapers and ruling over bad government is not the commune but the tyrant he has horns tusks crossed eyes braided hair he obviously spends a lot of time on that hair | 1 |
372 | now i study even stalk the old masters this is my desk with a postcard exhibition of some famous and obscure paintings mostly from the italian renaissance now art used to provide me with a necessary break from the hurly burly of politics in my daily work at the but not anymore i was at the women's march in san francisco the day after inauguration and the crowd was chanting this is what democracy looks like this is what democracy looks like and there i was holding my sign and my umbrella in the rain and i flashed on an old painting that first captivated me many years ago i struggled to remember the different pieces of an actual painting of good and bad government it was almost like the old master was taunting me | 0 |
373 | and there i was holding my sign and my umbrella in the rain and i flashed on an old painting that first captivated me many years ago i struggled to remember the different pieces of an actual painting of good and bad government it was almost like the old master was taunting me you want to know what democracy looks like go back and look at my frescoes and so i did in ambrogio lorenzetti finished a monumental commission in the governing council chamber of palazzo it's a painting that speaks to us even screams to us today art is a lie that makes us realize truth pablo picasso once said and as we search for the truth about government we should keep work not a lie but an allegory in our collective mind's eye | 0 |
374 | seven years old some well meaning adult asked me what i wanted to be when i grew up proudly i said an artist no you don't he said you can't make a living being an artist my little seven picasso dreams were crushed but i gathered myself went off in search of a new dream eventually settling on being a scientist perhaps something like the next albert einstein | 1 |
376 | he is as you can see we can create any world that we want inside the computer we can make a world with monsters with robots that fall in love we can even make pigs fly | 1 |
377 | we use science to create something wonderful we use story and artistic touch to get us to a place of wonder this guy wall e is a great example of that he finds beauty in the simplest things but when he came in to lighting we knew we had a big problem we got so out on making wall e this convincing robot that we made his binoculars practically optically perfect | 1 |
378 | his binoculars are one of the most critical acting devices he has he doesn't have a face or even traditional dialogue for that matter so the animators were heavily dependent on the binoculars to sell his acting and emotions we started lighting and we realized the triple lenses inside his binoculars were a mess of reflections he was starting to look glassy eyed | 1 |
379 | i have always loved math and science later coding and so i decided to study computer programming in college in my junior year my computer graphics professor showed us these wonderful short films it was the first computer animation any of us had ever seen i watched these films in wonder transfixed fireworks going off in my head thinking that is what i want to do with my life the idea that all the math science and code i had been learning could come together to create these worlds and characters and stories i connected with was pure magic for me | 0 |
380 | just two years later i started working at the place that made those films pixar animation studios it was here i learned how we actually execute those films to create our movies we create a three dimensional world inside the computer we start with a point that makes a line that makes a face that creates characters or trees and rocks that eventually become a forest and because it's a three dimensional world we can move a camera around inside that world i was fascinated by all of it but then i got my first taste of lighting | 0 |
381 | while this is an incredible thing this artistic freedom it can create chaos it can create unbelievable worlds unbelievable movement things that are jarring to the audience so to combat this we tether ourselves with science we use science and the world we know as a backbone to ground ourselves in something and recognizable finding nemo is an excellent example of this a major portion of the movie takes place underwater | 0 |
382 | research and development we took a clip of underwater footage and recreated it in the computer then we broke it back down to see which elements make up that underwater look one of the most critical elements was how the light travels through the water so we coded up a light that mimics this physics first the visibility of the water and then what happens with the color objects close to the eye have their full rich colors as light travels deeper into the water we lose the red wavelengths then the green wavelengths leaving us with blue at the far depths | 0 |
384 | i sat there on the river for two months without seeing one i thought my over i proposed this stupid story to national geographic what in the heck was i thinking so i had two months to sit there and figure out different ways of what i was going to do in my next life after i was a photographer because they were going to fire me because national geographic is a magazine they remind us all the time they publish pictures not excuses | 1 |
385 | and i've come up and all i wanted to do was get out of the water after an hour in these conditions it's so extreme that when i go down almost every dive i vomit into my regulator because my body can't deal with the stress of the cold on my head and so i'm just so happy that the dive is over i get to hand my camera to my assistant and i'm looking up at him and i'm going woo woo woo which means take my camera and he thinks i'm saying take my picture so we had this little communication breakdown | 1 |
386 | they've got those black sinister eyes and those spots on their body they look positively prehistoric and a bit scary and tragically in a scientist was taken down and drowned and she was being consumed by a leopard seal and people were like we knew they were vicious we knew they were and so people love to form their opinions and that's when i got a story idea i want to go to antarctica get in the water with as many leopard seals as i possibly can and give them a fair shake find out if they really are these vicious animals or if they're misunderstood so this is that story oh and they also happen to eat happy feet | 1 |
387 | they're also big they're not these little harbor seals they are long a thousand pounds and they're also curiously aggressive you get tourists packed into a zodiac floating in these icy waters and a leopard seal comes up and bites the pontoon the boat starts to sink they race back to the ship and get to go home and tell the stories of how they got attacked all the leopard seal was doing it's just biting a balloon it just sees this big balloon in the ocean it doesn't have hands it's going to take a little bite the boat pops and off they go | 1 |
388 | so after five days of crossing the drake passage isn't that beautiful after five days of crossing the drake passage we have finally arrived at antarctica i'm with my swedish assistant and guide his name is from sweden and he has a lot of experience with leopard seals i have never seen one so we come around the cove in our little zodiac boat and there's this monstrous leopard seal and even in his voice he goes that's a bloody big seal ya | 1 |
389 | and what it's trying to do is turn that penguin inside out so it can eat the meat off the bones and then it goes off and gets another one and so this leopard seal grabbed another penguin came under the boat the zodiac starting hitting the hull of the boat and we're trying to not fall in the water and we sit down and that's when said to me this is a good seal ya it's time for you to get in the water | 1 |
390 | so i had such dry mouth probably not as bad as now but i had such such dry mouth and my legs were just trembling i couldn't feel my legs i put my flippers on i could barely part my lips i put my in my mouth and i rolled over the side of the zodiac into the water and this was the first thing she did she came racing up to me engulfed my whole camera and her teeth are up here and down here but before i had gotten in the water had given me amazing advice he said if you get scared you close your eyes ya and she'll go away | 1 |
391 | so she did this threat display for a few minutes and then the most amazing thing happened she totally relaxed she went off she got a penguin she stopped about feet away from me and she sat there with this penguin the flapping and she let's it go the penguin swims toward me takes off she grabs another one she does this over and over and it dawned on me that she's trying to feed me a penguin why else would she release these penguins at me and after she did this four or five times she swam by me with this dejected look on her face you don't want to be too anthropomorphic but i swear that she looked at me like this useless going to starve in my ocean | 1 |
392 | so realizing i couldn't catch swimming penguins she'd get these other penguins and bring them slowly towards me bobbing like this and she'd let them go this didn't work i was laughing so hard and so emotional that my mask was flooding because i was crying underwater just because it was so amazing and so that didn't work so then she'd get another penguin and try this ballet like sexy display sliding down this iceberg like this | 1 |
393 | this went on for four days this just didn't happen a couple of times and then so she realized i couldn't catch live ones so she brought me dead penguins | 1 |
394 | and she would often stop and have this dejected look on her face like are you for real because she can't believe i can't eat this penguin because in her world you're either breeding or you're eating and i'm not breeding so | 1 |
395 | and she would get frustrated she'd blow bubbles in my face she would i think let me know that i was going to starve but yet she didn't stop she would not stop trying to feed me penguins and on the last day with this female where i thought i had pushed her too far i got nervous because she came up to me she rolled over on her back and she did this deep guttural jackhammer sound this and i thought she's about to bite she's about to let me know she's too frustrated with me what had happened was another seal had snuck in behind me and she did that to threat display she chased that big seal away went and got its penguin and brought it to me | 1 |
397 | all of my time was spent outside with the inuit playing the snow and the ice were my sandbox and the inuit were my teachers and that's where i became truly obsessed with this polar realm and i knew someday that i was going to do something that had to do with trying to share news about it and protect it i'd like to share with you for just two minutes only some images a cross section of my work to the beautiful music by brandi carlile have you ever i don't know why national geographic has done this they've never done this before but they're allowing me to show you a few images from a coverage that i've just completed that is not published yet national geographic doesn't do this so i'm very excited to be able to share this with you and what these images are you'll see them at the start of the slide show there's only about four images but it's of a little bear that lives in the great bear rainforest it's pure white but it's not a polar bear | 0 |
402 | you glaze over with it and what i'm trying to do with my work is put faces to this and i want people to understand and get the concept that if we lose ice we stand to lose an entire ecosystem projections are that we could lose polar bears they could become extinct in the next to years and there's no better sexier more beautiful charismatic species for me to hang my campaign on polar bears are amazing hunters this was a bear i sat with for a while on the shores there was no ice around but this glacier caved into the water and a seal got on it | 0 |
403 | there was no ice around but this glacier caved into the water and a seal got on it and this bear swam out to that seal bearded seal grabbed it swam back and ate it and he was so full he was so happy and so fat eating this seal that as i approached him about feet away to get this picture his only defense was to keep eating more seal and as he ate he was so full he probably had about of meat in his belly and as he ate inside one side of his mouth he was out the other side of his mouth so as long as these bears have any bit of ice they will survive but it's the ice that's disappearing we're finding more and more dead bears in the arctic when i worked on polar bears as a biologist years ago we never found dead bears | 0 |
404 | we're finding more and more dead bears in the arctic when i worked on polar bears as a biologist years ago we never found dead bears and in the last four or five years we're finding dead bears popping up all over the place we're seeing them in the beaufort sea floating in the open ocean where the ice has melted out i found a couple in norway last year we're seeing them on the ice these bears are already showing signs of the stress of disappearing ice here's a mother and her two year old cub were traveling on a ship a hundred miles offshore in the middle of nowhere and they're riding on this big piece of glacier ice which is great for them they're safe at this point they're not going to die of hypothermia | 0 |
405 | here's a mother and her two year old cub were traveling on a ship a hundred miles offshore in the middle of nowhere and they're riding on this big piece of glacier ice which is great for them they're safe at this point they're not going to die of hypothermia they're going to get to land but unfortunately percent of the glaciers in the arctic are also receding right now to the point that the ice is ending up on land and not injecting any ice back into the ecosystem these ringed seals these are the of the arctic these little fat dumplings bundles of blubber are the mainstay of the polar bear and they're not like the harbor seals that you have here these ringed seals also live out their entire life cycle associated and connected to sea ice they give birth inside the ice and they feed on the arctic cod that live under the ice | 0 |
406 | they give birth inside the ice and they feed on the arctic cod that live under the ice and here's a picture of sick ice this is a piece of multi year ice that's years old and what scientists didn't predict is that as this ice melts these big pockets of black water are forming and they're grabbing the sun's energy and accelerating the melting process and here we are diving in the beaufort sea the we're on our safety lines the ice is moving all over the place i wish i could spend half an hour telling you about how we almost died on this dive but what's important in this picture is that you have a piece of multi year ice that big chunk of ice up in the corner | 0 |
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