Datasets:

MedVLSynther
/

MedSynVQA-1K

question stringlengths 40 389	options stringlengths 55 568	answer_label stringclasses 5 values	answer stringlengths 2 127	dataset_name stringclasses 1 value	dataset_index int64 0 999	reasoning null
Which imaging modality is used to measure the cross-sectional area of gastric varices in the provided image?	{"A": "Esophagogastroduodenoscopy", "B": "Computed tomography", "C": "Magnetic resonance imaging", "D": "Barium swallow", "E": "High-frequency intraluminal ultrasound"}	E	High-frequency intraluminal ultrasound	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	0	null
Which histologic finding is present in Figure 3B?	{"A": "Ductal epithelium with squamous metaplasia", "B": "Stromal hypercellularity", "C": "Inflammatory cell infiltrate", "D": "Glandular hyperplasia", "E": "Fibrous stromal proliferation"}	A	Ductal epithelium with squamous metaplasia	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	1	null
Which coronary artery is labeled as the right coronary artery in the image?	{"A": "Left main coronary artery (LM)", "B": "Right coronary artery (RCA)", "C": "Left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD)", "D": "Left circumflex coronary artery (LCx)", "E": "Left anterior oblique (LAO)"}	B	Right coronary artery (RCA)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	2	null
Which abnormality is most prominently demonstrated in this autopsy specimen?	{"A": "Ischemic necrosis of the intestinal wall", "B": "Perforation of the small intestine", "C": "Intussusception with telescoping of bowel segments", "D": "Chronic inflammatory bowel disease", "E": "Benign neoplasm of the jejunum"}	C	Intussusception with telescoping of bowel segments	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	3	null
Which of the following best describes the clinical stage depicted in the images?	{"A": "Pre-biopsy examination of the oral cavity", "B": "Post-biopsy healing with granulation tissue", "C": "Placement of a dental implant", "D": "Removal of a dental restoration", "E": "Surgical flap elevation for tumor exposure"}	E	Surgical flap elevation for tumor exposure	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	4	null
Which phenotype is most consistently observed in toca-1 and toca-2 mutant embryos?	{"A": "Reduced egg production", "B": "Failure of oocyte endocytosis", "C": "Enlarged intestinal lumen", "D": "Gut extrusion to exterior (Gex)", "E": "Reduced embryonic lethality"}	D	Gut extrusion to exterior (Gex)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	5	null
Which mammographic density category is associated with the highest risk of breast cancer?	{"A": "BI-RADS 1 (Tabár I)", "B": "BI-RADS 2 (Tabár II)", "C": "BI-RADS 5 (Tabár V)", "D": "BI-RADS 3 (Tabár III)", "E": "BI-RADS 4 (Tabár IV)"}	C	BI-RADS 5 (Tabár V)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	6	null
In the provided series of images documenting an experimental model of choroidal neovascularization, which time point shows the most extensive late leakage on angiography?	{"A": "Pre-dose (Day 20 after laser treatment)", "B": "Day 14 after intravitreal injection", "C": "Day 28 after intravitreal injection", "D": "All time points show equal late leakage", "E": "No late leakage is observed at any time point"}	A	Pre-dose (Day 20 after laser treatment)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	7	null
Which finding is present in the pre-embolization angiogram (image a) of this patient with post-PCNL hematuria?	{"A": "Normal renal vasculature without contrast leakage", "B": "Contrast extravasation from the right inferior interlobular artery", "C": "Arteriovenous fistula formation", "D": "Pseudoaneurysm formation", "E": "Occlusion of the right renal artery"}	B	Contrast extravasation from the right inferior interlobular artery	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	8	null
Which abnormality is most prominently visible in the gastric mucosa on this endoscopic image?	{"A": "Ulcerative lesions with active bleeding", "B": "Polypoid growths with central necrosis", "C": "Diffuse atrophic changes with mucosal thinning", "D": "Nodular, prominent, and congested mucosa", "E": "Erosive gastritis with superficial mucosal defects"}	D	Nodular, prominent, and congested mucosa	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	9	null
Which visceral organ shows the least histopathological damage following combinatorial therapy in the xenograft model?	{"A": "Kidney", "B": "Brain", "C": "Heart", "D": "Spleen", "E": "Lung"}	C	Heart	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	10	null
Which image shows the most severe ocular inflammation in the experimental model?	{"A": "Image (a)", "B": "Image (b)", "C": "Image (d)", "D": "All images show equal inflammation", "E": "Image (c)"}	E	Image (c)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	11	null
Which feature of the prosthetic simulator is designed to detect muscle contractions for controlling hand movement?	{"A": "Carbon fibre trough", "B": "Velcro straps", "C": "Wristband", "D": "Electrodes on forearm muscles", "E": "Tripod grip pattern"}	D	Electrodes on forearm muscles	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	12	null
Which image best demonstrates the postoperative status of the intraocular lens (IOL) after refixation surgery?	{"A": "Postoperative overview of the refixed IOL", "B": "Preoperative overview of a dislocated IOL", "C": "Postoperative overview showing suture exposure", "D": "Ultrasound biomicroscopy showing IOL malposition", "E": "Preoperative image of a well-centered IOL"}	A	Postoperative overview of the refixed IOL	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	13	null
Which pattern of lung pathology is most consistent with the image?	{"A": "Diffuse alveolar consolidation", "B": "Lobar bronchopneumonia", "C": "Pleural effusion with atelectasis", "D": "Checkerboard pattern of interstitial pneumonia", "E": "Diffuse emphysema"}	D	Checkerboard pattern of interstitial pneumonia	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	14	null
A 75-year-old female with chronic pancreatitis presents with worsening abdominal pain and early satiety. Ultrasound shows a hypoechoic cystic structure separate from the gallbladder. Color Doppler reveals high vascularity. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?	{"A": "Gallbladder carcinoma", "B": "GDA pseudoaneurysm", "C": "Pancreatic pseudocyst", "D": "Hepatic hemangioma", "E": "Choledochal cyst"}	B	GDA pseudoaneurysm	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	15	null
Which finding is most consistent with the follow-up optical coherence tomography image?	{"A": "Subfoveal choroidal neovascular membrane", "B": "Resolution of subretinal fluid and cystoid edema", "C": "Cystoid macular edema", "D": "Subretinal fluid", "E": "Increased subfoveal choroidal thickness"}	B	Resolution of subretinal fluid and cystoid edema	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	16	null
Which MRI sequence is best for detecting cerebral microbleeds?	{"A": "FLAIR", "B": "T2-weighted", "C": "T2* gradient recalled echo", "D": "Diffusion-weighted", "E": "T1-weighted"}	C	T2* gradient recalled echo	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	17	null
Which position for medial elbow ultrasonography is associated with greater comfort for dynamic assessment?	{"A": "Seated position with elbow extended", "B": "Seated position with elbow flexed", "C": "Supine position with arm abducted", "D": "Supine position with arm extended and externally rotated", "E": "Seated position with arm resting on a pillow"}	D	Supine position with arm extended and externally rotated	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	18	null
Which abnormality is depicted in the neonate's abdominal region?	{"A": "Gastroschisis with eviscerated bowel", "B": "Umbilical hernia with reducible contents", "C": "Diaphragmatic hernia with abdominal organ displacement", "D": "Intestinal atresia with dilated bowel loops", "E": "Cephalic omphalocele containing liver"}	E	Cephalic omphalocele containing liver	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	19	null
Which step in the surgical procedure is depicted in image (c)?	{"A": "Placement of a giant soft contact lens over the eye", "B": "Partial closure of the eyelid aperture with sutures", "C": "Removal of the temporary tarsorrhaphy sutures", "D": "Application of an eye patch post-surgery", "E": "Insertion of a donor corneal graft"}	B	Partial closure of the eyelid aperture with sutures	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	20	null
Which group shows the lowest functional connectivity (FC) between the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) and the occipital regions (left lateral occipital cortex and bilateral lingual gyrus)?	{"A": "Control group", "B": "iRBD-NC group", "C": "All groups have similar FC", "D": "iRBD-MCI group", "E": "iRBD-MCI group has higher FC than controls"}	D	iRBD-MCI group	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	21	null
Which step of the Buerger exercise is depicted in the image showing multiple lower extremities with feet positioned below the level of the body?	{"A": "Elevation of lower extremities to 45° angle until skin pallor", "B": "Sitting with feet/legs below body level, performing foot flexion/extension and pronation/supination until redness appears", "C": "Lying quietly with legs on a bed covered by a warm blanket", "D": "Standing with legs straight and feet flat on the floor", "E": "Walking with alternating leg movements to improve circulation"}	B	Sitting with feet/legs below body level, performing foot flexion/extension and pronation/supination until redness appears	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	22	null
Which of the following best describes the tongue characteristics of a Yin-deficient patient compared to a nondeficient control?	{"A": "Lower tongue coating percentage and higher mean a* value of the whole tongue area", "B": "Higher tongue coating percentage and lower mean a* value of the whole tongue area", "C": "Higher tongue coating percentage and higher mean a* value of the whole tongue area", "D": "Lower tongue coating percentage and lower mean a* value of the whole tongue area", "E": "Similar tongue coating percentage and similar mean a* value of the whole tongue area"}	A	Lower tongue coating percentage and higher mean a* value of the whole tongue area	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	23	null
Which imaging modality is used to confirm the presence of SMA syndrome in this patient?	{"A": "Whole spine radiographs", "B": "Abdominal CT scan", "C": "Barium contrast study", "D": "MRI", "E": "Ultrasound"}	C	Barium contrast study	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	24	null
The stacked variable-temperature 1H NMR spectra of 3–Ni in toluene-d8 from 300–370 K show temperature-dependent changes in resonance patterns. Which of the following best describes the phenomenon observed in the spectra?	{"A": "Paramagnetic shift of resonances outside the typical aromatic range", "B": "Disappearance of phenyl hydrogen resonances at intermediate temperatures", "C": "Increased peak splitting with rising temperature", "D": "Constant chemical shift values across all temperatures", "E": "Coalescence of peaks due to interconversion of Δ and Λ isomers"}	E	Coalescence of peaks due to interconversion of Δ and Λ isomers	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	25	null
In the axial CT slice 6 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) of the maxillary lateral incisor, which of the following best describes the relationship between labial and palatal bone width?	{"A": "Palatal bone width is greater than labial bone width", "B": "Labial bone width is equal to palatal bone width", "C": "Labial bone width is greater than palatal bone width", "D": "Labial bone width is twice the palatal bone width", "E": "Palatal bone width is twice the labial bone width"}	A	Palatal bone width is greater than labial bone width	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	26	null
Which structure forms the ventral and posteroventral margins of the orbit?	{"A": "Postorbital ramus", "B": "Jugal main body", "C": "Quadratojugal ramus", "D": "Lacrimal bone", "E": "Maxilla"}	A	Postorbital ramus	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	27	null
Which finding is most consistent with the ultrasound image shown?	{"A": "Dilated IVC with fixed diameter", "B": "Markedly reduced IVC thickness with collapse on inspiration", "C": "Thickened IVC wall without collapse", "D": "Normal IVC size and respiratory variation", "E": "IVC thrombosis with heterogeneous echotexture"}	B	Markedly reduced IVC thickness with collapse on inspiration	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	28	null
Which feedback method is being used in image A?	{"A": "Verbal feedback", "B": "Electromyography biofeedback", "C": "Visual biofeedback only", "D": "Pressure biofeedback", "E": "Tactile biofeedback"}	D	Pressure biofeedback	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	29	null
Which finding is most consistent with the visual evoked potential (F-VEP) result shown in image H?	{"A": "Normal optic nerve conduction", "B": "Increased N1 latency", "C": "Decreased P2 peak amplitude", "D": "Absent P1 wave", "E": "Elevated N2 amplitude"}	C	Decreased P2 peak amplitude	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	30	null
Which of the following best describes the structural feature visible in the TEM image of magnetic nanofibers?	{"A": "Homogeneous, amorphous matrix with no distinct fibers", "B": "Spherical nanoparticles with uniform size distribution", "C": "Discrete, elongated fibers with a fibrous morphology", "D": "Crystalline lattice with periodic atomic arrangement", "E": "Porous network with interconnected voids"}	C	Discrete, elongated fibers with a fibrous morphology	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	31	null
Which image depicts the final occlusal splint as it would be worn in the mouth?	{"A": "Plaster models of upper and lower dentition in centric relationship with deprogrammer", "B": "Detailed view of bite into deprogrammer plate", "C": "Modified upper and lower dentition relationship based on centric relation", "D": "Traditionally made occlusal splint inside the mouth", "E": "Traditionally made occlusal splint"}	D	Traditionally made occlusal splint inside the mouth	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	32	null
The image shows a surgical specimen from a pulmonary endarterectomy. Which of the following best describes the material removed?	{"A": "Acute pulmonary embolus", "B": "Malignant tumor", "C": "Aneurysmal wall", "D": "Infectious exudate", "E": "Fibrotic chronic thromboembolic material"}	E	Fibrotic chronic thromboembolic material	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	33	null
Which procedure is depicted in the image for treating mitral regurgitation?	{"A": "Percutaneous mitral valve replacement", "B": "Transcatheter aortic valve implantation", "C": "Surgical mitral valve annuloplasty", "D": "Percutaneous tricuspid valve repair", "E": "Percutaneous mitral valve repair using an edge-to-edge technique"}	E	Percutaneous mitral valve repair using an edge-to-edge technique	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	34	null
Which neuroimaging finding is depicted in the left basal ganglia on T1-weighted imaging?	{"A": "Severe periventricular white matter hyperintensities", "B": "Enlarged perivascular spaces", "C": "Cerebral microbleed", "D": "Lacune", "E": "Diffuse cortical atrophy"}	D	Lacune	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	35	null
Which imaging feature is most consistent with the invasive ductal carcinoma diagnosed in this patient?	{"A": "A well-circumscribed mass with smooth margins", "B": "An irregular ill-defined mass", "C": "A round, circumscribed lesion with homogeneous enhancement", "D": "A calcified lesion with spiculated margins", "E": "A dilated duct with associated microcalcifications"}	B	An irregular ill-defined mass	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	36	null
Which tissue shows histopathological changes in all HEV-infected groups but not in the mock group?	{"A": "Pancreas", "B": "Liver", "C": "Duodenum", "D": "Ileum", "E": "Skeletal muscle"}	A	Pancreas	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	37	null
Which complication is depicted in the image showing the internal structure of the hernia?	{"A": "Perforation of the herniated intestine", "B": "Strangulation of the small bowel", "C": "Mechanical obstruction of the bowel", "D": "Wound infection at the surgical site", "E": "Acute renal failure secondary to surgery"}	B	Strangulation of the small bowel	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	38	null
Based on the provided experimental data, which combination of genetic alterations in ACC-M cells most significantly promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhances tumorigenic properties?	{"A": "Empty vector control", "B": "Coexpression of c-kit and H-RasV12G", "C": "c-kit expression alone", "D": "H-RasV12G expression alone", "E": "Coexpression of c-kit and E-cadherin"}	B	Coexpression of c-kit and H-RasV12G	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	39	null
The image displays fused imaging data from a neuronavigation system, with color-coded ultrasound intensities (green for low, red for high) overlaid on anatomical structures. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the registration correction shown in the right panels compared to the left panels?	{"A": "To reduce the echogenicity of the lesion in the ultrasound data", "B": "To eliminate acoustic shadows present in the ultrasound images", "C": "To increase the field of view of the ultrasound imaging", "D": "To improve spatial alignment of ultrasound and anatomical data for more accurate lesion localization", "E": "To convert the ultrasound data from 2D to 3D representation"}	D	To improve spatial alignment of ultrasound and anatomical data for more accurate lesion localization	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	40	null
Which image best illustrates the computer-generated tunneled path created during bronchoscopic transparenchymal nodule access?	{"A": "Real-time bronchoscopic image showing catheter at the point of entry", "B": "Computerized tomography projections with target and vessel overlay", "C": "Real-time virtual image with point of entry overlaid", "D": "3D reconstruction of the airway tree", "E": "Fluoroscopic image during procedure"}	C	Real-time virtual image with point of entry overlaid	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	41	null
Which abnormality is indicated by the arrowheads in the angiograms?	{"A": "Arteriovenous malformation in the left vertebral artery", "B": "Occlusion of the left vertebral artery", "C": "Dissecting aneurysm in the superior cerebellar artery", "D": "Atherosclerotic plaque in the basilar artery", "E": "Normal vascular anatomy with no abnormalities"}	C	Dissecting aneurysm in the superior cerebellar artery	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	42	null
Which of the following best describes the fracture pattern shown in the radiographs?	{"A": "Isolated supracondylar humerus fracture", "B": "Isolated midshaft fractures of radius and ulna", "C": "Distal humerus intercondylar fracture", "D": "Supracondylar humerus fracture with midshaft fractures of radius and ulna", "E": "Proximal radius fracture with ulna fracture"}	D	Supracondylar humerus fracture with midshaft fractures of radius and ulna	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	43	null
Which of the following best describes the location of the intracranial hemorrhage shown in the noncontrast CT head?	{"A": "Right frontal lobe", "B": "Left frontal lobe", "C": "Left parietal lobe", "D": "Right parietal lobe", "E": "Left temporal lobe"}	A	Right frontal lobe	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	44	null
Which abnormality is present in the left distal femur based on the radiographs?	{"A": "Patchy high-density shadow", "B": "Fracture", "C": "Bone destruction", "D": "Osteoporosis", "E": "Joint effusion"}	A	Patchy high-density shadow	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	45	null
Which structure is marked on the abdomen to guide the surgical incision for the flap procedure?	{"A": "Umbilicus", "B": "Iliac crest", "C": "Inguinal ligament", "D": "Rectus abdominis muscle", "E": "Costal margin"}	D	Rectus abdominis muscle	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	46	null
Which abnormality is present in both eyes as shown in the photographs?	{"A": "Cataracts", "B": "Corneal opacities", "C": "Glaucomatous optic nerve damage", "D": "Neovascularization", "E": "Ocular inflammation"}	B	Corneal opacities	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	47	null
Which brain region is involved in both face processing and biological motion perception?	{"A": "Superior temporal sulcus (STS)", "B": "Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC)", "C": "Amygdala (Amy)", "D": "Temporal pole (TP)", "E": "Lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)"}	A	Superior temporal sulcus (STS)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	48	null
Which Rac1 construct shows altered Golgi localization compared to wild-type Rac1?	{"A": "AcGFP-Rac1 (WT)", "B": "AcGFP-Rac1 (R187C)", "C": "AcGFP-Rac1-CDC42 (R186C)", "D": "AcGFP-Rac1-CDC42 (WT)", "E": "GM130"}	C	AcGFP-Rac1-CDC42 (R186C)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	49	null
Which arthroscopic finding is most consistent with palmar scar formation?	{"A": "Smooth, intact synovial membrane", "B": "Osteophyte formation on articular cartilage", "C": "Fibrous adhesions bridging joint surfaces", "D": "Intra-articular loose body", "E": "Chondromalacia with surface fibrillation"}	C	Fibrous adhesions bridging joint surfaces	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	50	null
Which of the following best describes the clinical finding shown in the postoperative images (c-h)?	{"A": "Normal conjunctival appearance without any elevation", "B": "Corneal ulcer with surrounding infiltrate", "C": "Subconjunctival hemorrhage without bleb formation", "D": "Elevated, cystic-appearing conjunctival bleb", "E": "Iris prolapse through a surgical wound"}	D	Elevated, cystic-appearing conjunctival bleb	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	51	null
Which imaging modality best demonstrates the lymph node metastases indicated by the red arrows in the provided images?	{"A": "CT alone", "B": "Fusion of PET and CT", "C": "PET alone", "D": "MRI", "E": "Ultrasound"}	B	Fusion of PET and CT	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	52	null
Which view of the mandible shows the articulation of the two mandibular rami at the symphysis?	{"A": "Lateral view of the left mandibular ramus", "B": "Medial view of the left mandibular ramus", "C": "Lateral view of the right mandibular ramus", "D": "Dorsal view of the articulated mandible", "E": "Medial view of the right mandibular ramus"}	D	Dorsal view of the articulated mandible	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	53	null
Which imaging finding is most prominently demonstrated in the provided images?	{"A": "Optic disc drusen", "B": "Choroidal neovascularization", "C": "Multiple serofibrinous retinal detachments", "D": "Central retinal artery occlusion", "E": "Vitreous hemorrhage"}	C	Multiple serofibrinous retinal detachments	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	54	null
Which molecular alteration is associated with the cytological and histological findings in the Hürthle cell carcinoma case?	{"A": "TERT mutation", "B": "BRAF V600E mutation", "C": "RAS mutation", "D": "ETV6-NTRK3 fusion", "E": "NCOA4-RET fusion"}	A	TERT mutation	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	55	null
Which endoscopic finding is most consistent with the progression of autoimmune gastritis (AIG) in this patient?	{"A": "Normal antral mucosa", "B": "Extensive mucosal atrophy on the lesser curvature of the corpus", "C": "Mild mucosal atrophy and nodules on the greater curvature of the corpus", "D": "Non-atrophic mucosa with granular surface and reddish nodules on the greater curvature of the corpus", "E": "Flattened gastric folds with decreased reddish nodules on the greater curvature of the corpus"}	C	Mild mucosal atrophy and nodules on the greater curvature of the corpus	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	56	null
Which imaging modality provides 3D information of oral-maxillofacial bones as shown in the figure?	{"A": "Intraoral scanner", "B": "Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)", "C": "Face Scan", "D": "Geomagic Studio", "E": "Mimics 22.0"}	B	Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	57	null
Which clinical finding is most consistent with the image of the oral cavity?	{"A": "Normal gingival architecture with no inflammation", "B": "Severe periodontitis with alveolar bone loss", "C": "Oral lichen planus with reticular white lesions", "D": "Traumatic ulceration from dental appliance irritation", "E": "Generalized marginal gingivitis with plaque-induced inflammation"}	E	Generalized marginal gingivitis with plaque-induced inflammation	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	58	null
Which structure is labeled as the choledochal cyst in this surgical image?	{"A": "CDC (choledochal cyst)", "B": "GB (gallbladder)", "C": "L (liver)", "D": "surgical instrument", "E": "peri cystic tissue"}	A	CDC (choledochal cyst)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	59	null
In the 3D coordinate system shown, which axis represents downward movement of the maxillary complex?	{"A": "X axis (transverse plane)", "B": "Y axis (sagittal plane)", "C": "All axes equally", "D": "No axis represents downward movement", "E": "Z axis (vertical plane)"}	E	Z axis (vertical plane)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	60	null
Which imaging feature is most consistent with the described high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) in this 27-year-old man?	{"A": "Homogeneous T2 hyperintensity in the right thalamus", "B": "Heterogeneous T2 hyperintense mass in the left thalamus with extension into the tectal plate", "C": "Uniform enhancement of the entire mass on post-contrast T1-weighted imaging", "D": "Isolated cerebellar mass with homogeneous signal characteristics", "E": "No evidence of obstructive hydrocephalus or mass effect"}	B	Heterogeneous T2 hyperintense mass in the left thalamus with extension into the tectal plate	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	61	null
Which radiographic view best demonstrates the mandibular lesion shown in the images?	{"A": "Posteroanterior mandible view", "B": "Panoramic view", "C": "Lateral cephalometric view", "D": "Bitewing view", "E": "Periapical view"}	B	Panoramic view	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	62	null
Which coronary artery segment is shown to have an intra-atrial course in the provided coronary computed tomography angiography images?	{"A": "Right coronary artery (RCA) mid-segment", "B": "Left main coronary artery (LM)", "C": "Left anterior descending artery (LAD)", "D": "Left circumflex artery (LCx)", "E": "Obtuse marginal branch (OM)"}	A	Right coronary artery (RCA) mid-segment	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	63	null
Which intraoperative finding is confirmed by the Doppler ultrasound image?	{"A": "Complete occlusion of the celiac artery", "B": "Sufficient arterial blood flow in the celiac artery", "C": "Aneurysm formation in the pancreaticoduodenal artery", "D": "Collateral perfusion from the superior mesenteric artery", "E": "Extraluminal compression of the common hepatic artery"}	B	Sufficient arterial blood flow in the celiac artery	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	64	null
Which imaging modality better delineates the microlobulated margin of the breast lesion?	{"A": "Full-field digital mammography (FFDM)", "B": "Ultrasound", "C": "Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)", "D": "Tomosynthesis", "E": "Positron emission tomography (PET)"}	D	Tomosynthesis	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	65	null
Which of the following best describes the change observed in the patient's skin between the two images?	{"A": "Increased number of inflammatory lesions", "B": "Reduced erythema and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation", "C": "Development of new comedonal acne", "D": "Worsening of atrophic scarring", "E": "No significant change in skin appearance"}	B	Reduced erythema and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	66	null
Which finding is most consistent with the fluorescein angiography images shown?	{"A": "Disc hyperfluorescence and periphlebitis", "B": "Normal retinal vasculature without leakage", "C": "Cystoid macular edema with vascular occlusion", "D": "Choroidal neovascularization with exudative changes", "E": "Retinal artery occlusion with optic disc swelling"}	A	Disc hyperfluorescence and periphlebitis	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	67	null
Which finding is most consistent with the endoscopic image?	{"A": "Active bleeding from a mucosal ulcer", "B": "Malignant polypoid lesion", "C": "Inflammatory pseudopolyp", "D": "Foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract", "E": "Healed full-thickness defect with an intact clip"}	E	Healed full-thickness defect with an intact clip	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	68	null
Which fracture pattern is demonstrated in the provided images of the cervical spine?	{"A": "Typical hangman's fracture with isolated pars interarticularis involvement", "B": "Atypical hangman's fracture with fracture lines through the posterior C2 vertebral body and pars interarticularis", "C": "Jefferson fracture with bilateral C1 lateral mass fractures", "D": "Clay-shoveler fracture involving the spinous process of C7", "E": "Burst fracture of the C3 vertebral body with retropulsion"}	B	Atypical hangman's fracture with fracture lines through the posterior C2 vertebral body and pars interarticularis	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	69	null
Which imaging finding is most consistent with colonic pseudo-obstruction?	{"A": "Diffuse colonic dilation with air-fluid levels", "B": "Small bowel obstruction with transition point", "C": "Appendiceal inflammation with periappendiceal fat stranding", "D": "Gallbladder wall thickening with pericholecystic fluid", "E": "Renal calculus with hydronephrosis"}	A	Diffuse colonic dilation with air-fluid levels	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	70	null
Which of the following best describes the gross pathology findings in the explanted right hepatectomy specimen?	{"A": "A well-circumscribed, encapsulated mass with central necrosis", "B": "A small, nodular mass with calcified foci and distant metastases", "C": "A diffuse infiltrative lesion with satellite nodules and vascular invasion", "D": "A large, irregular mass with hemorrhagic cut surface and transection margin involvement", "E": "A cystic mass with clear fluid and smooth inner lining"}	D	A large, irregular mass with hemorrhagic cut surface and transection margin involvement	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	71	null
Which sonographic finding is characterized by a fibrillary pattern loss with abnormal focal anechoic areas?	{"A": "Cystic degeneration or intrasubstance partial tear", "B": "Normal tendon architecture", "C": "Thickened peritendineum", "D": "Mild tenosynovitis", "E": "Microcalcifications with acoustic shadowing"}	A	Cystic degeneration or intrasubstance partial tear	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	72	null
Which MRI sequence best demonstrates the characteristic features of the Achilles tendon xanthoma in this case?	{"A": "Sagittal proton density", "B": "T1-fat-saturated-weighted image following contrast agent injection", "C": "T1-weighted image", "D": "T2-weighted image", "E": "Diffusion-weighted imaging"}	B	T1-fat-saturated-weighted image following contrast agent injection	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	73	null
Which imaging feature is most consistent with the prostate cancer in the right transition zone of this 74-year-old man?	{"A": "Diffuse high signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging", "B": "Focal high signal intensity on apparent diffusion coefficient map", "C": "Asymmetric increased enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI", "D": "Symmetric enhancement on wash-in/wash-out imaging", "E": "Normal signal intensity on all sequences"}	C	Asymmetric increased enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	74	null
Which finding is most consistent with the mammographic appearance of an involuting fibroadenoma?	{"A": "A small, irregular mass with spiculated margins in the retromammary region", "B": "A well-circumscribed mass with homogeneous enhancement in the right breast", "C": "A cluster of pleomorphic microcalcifications in the right axilla", "D": "A calcified lesion with popcorn-like calcification in the left upper-outer quadrant", "E": "A dilated duct with central necrosis in the left breast"}	D	A calcified lesion with popcorn-like calcification in the left upper-outer quadrant	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	75	null
Which technique is demonstrated in the image?	{"A": "Linear technique", "B": "Fan technique", "C": "Cross-hatch technique", "D": "Spiral technique", "E": "Grid technique"}	B	Fan technique	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	76	null
Which radiographic modality is best suited for evaluating the root structure and surrounding bone of the maxillary left central incisor after orthodontic extrusion?	{"A": "Clinical intraoral photograph", "B": "Panoramic radiography", "C": "Cephalometric radiography", "D": "Lateral cephalogram", "E": "Periapical radiography"}	E	Periapical radiography	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	77	null
The image depicts a mechanical setup for distraction osteogenesis. Which type of mechanical strain is primarily applied to the bone segments in this procedure?	{"A": "Equiaxial strain", "B": "Multiaxial strain", "C": "Cyclic reciprocating strain", "D": "Uniaxial static strain", "E": "Fluid shear stress"}	D	Uniaxial static strain	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	78	null
Which image shows the most extensive macular retinoschisis (MRS) in the right eye?	{"A": "Baseline image (A)", "B": "Image after 79 months (C)", "C": "Image after 50 months (B)", "D": "All images show equal MRS extent", "E": "MRS is not present in any image"}	B	Image after 79 months (C)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	79	null
Which image demonstrates the overlay comparison between the transformed baseline image and the first follow-up (F/U) image, showing improved lung area matching after the two-step registration process?	{"A": "Baseline image (A)", "B": "Transformed baseline image (B)", "C": "Overlay comparison after final two-step registration (E)", "D": "First follow-up image (C)", "E": "Overlay comparison after first-step Affine registration (D)"}	C	Overlay comparison after final two-step registration (E)	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	80	null
Which finding is most consistent with the CT images showing Streptococcus intermedius pneumonia and empyema?	{"A": "Right lung consolidation with volume loss", "B": "Rounded gas collection with fluid along the right chest wall", "C": "Left-sided pleural effusion without air-fluid level", "D": "Diffuse bilateral interstitial infiltrates", "E": "Pneumothorax with mediastinal shift"}	B	Rounded gas collection with fluid along the right chest wall	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	81	null
Which image shows the aorta after stent placement for coarctation?	{"A": "Image A, showing the aorta prior to stenting", "B": "Image A, showing the aorta with a dissection", "C": "Image B, showing the aorta with a dissection", "D": "Image B, showing the aorta immediately after stenting", "E": "Neither image shows the aorta after stenting"}	D	Image B, showing the aorta immediately after stenting	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	82	null
Which structure is essential for the functional integrity of the cricoarytenoid unit (CAU)?	{"A": "Cricoid cartilage continuity", "B": "Presence of both arytenoid cartilages", "C": "Intact articular, neuromuscular, vascular, and mucosal components", "D": "Intact epiglottis", "E": "Unobstructed airway"}	C	Intact articular, neuromuscular, vascular, and mucosal components	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	83	null
Which finding is most consistent with the 12-year follow-up of this implant-supported prosthesis?	{"A": "Significant peri-implant bone loss on orthopantomography", "B": "Worn plastic matrices requiring replacement", "C": "Severe calculus accumulation on zirconia implants", "D": "Implant failure with prosthesis dislodgement", "E": "Peri-implant mucositis with erythema"}	B	Worn plastic matrices requiring replacement	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	84	null
Which echocardiographic finding is most consistent with impaired left ventricular relaxation?	{"A": "High E/A ratio on pulsed-wave Doppler mitral inflow", "B": "Normal e′-wave velocity on tissue Doppler imaging", "C": "Increased E/e′ ratio on combined Doppler analysis", "D": "Reduced e′-wave velocity on tissue Doppler imaging", "E": "Normal E/A ratio on pulsed-wave Doppler mitral inflow"}	D	Reduced e′-wave velocity on tissue Doppler imaging	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	85	null
Which of the following is the most likely indication for the surgical hardware visible in this radiograph?	{"A": "Tibial plateau fracture repair", "B": "Meniscal repair", "C": "Patellar fracture stabilization", "D": "Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction", "E": "Total knee arthroplasty"}	C	Patellar fracture stabilization	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	86	null
Which finding is most consistent with the clinical presentation depicted in the images?	{"A": "Isolated calf varices without associated symptoms", "B": "Acute arterial occlusion with limb ischemia", "C": "Lower extremity swelling and varices of the calf and thigh", "D": "Chronic venous insufficiency with ulceration", "E": "Deep vein thrombosis with post-thrombotic syndrome"}	C	Lower extremity swelling and varices of the calf and thigh	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	87	null
Which tooth exhibits a persistent periapical radiolucency in the radiographic images?	{"A": "Tooth 14", "B": "Tooth 36", "C": "Tooth 18", "D": "Tooth 28", "E": "Tooth 48"}	B	Tooth 36	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	88	null
Which imaging finding is characteristic of the condition shown in these contrast-enhanced CT images?	{"A": "Homogeneous enhancement of the entire liver", "B": "Hypodense lesions without enhancement", "C": "Calcified lesions with rim enhancement", "D": "Peripheral nodular enhancement with progressive centripetal filling", "E": "Diffuse heterogeneous enhancement without progression"}	D	Peripheral nodular enhancement with progressive centripetal filling	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	89	null
Which abnormality is present in the right eye shown in the slit-lamp image?	{"A": "Corneal ulcer", "B": "Iris neovascularization", "C": "Pterygium", "D": "Vitreous hemorrhage", "E": "Subconjunctival hemorrhage"}	E	Subconjunctival hemorrhage	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	90	null
Which muscle group is being assessed in image C?	{"A": "Elbow flexors", "B": "Wrist flexors", "C": "Shoulder abductors", "D": "Extrinsic finger flexors", "E": "Hip extensors"}	D	Extrinsic finger flexors	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	91	null
Which intraoral view shows the most significant posttreatment dental alignment improvement?	{"A": "Right side", "B": "Left side", "C": "All views show equal improvement", "D": "No improvement is visible in any view", "E": "Front"}	E	Front	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	92	null
Which of the following markers is expressed in the mesoderm lineage of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from human amniotic epithelial cells?	{"A": "OCT4", "B": "SSEA-4", "C": "Pax6", "D": "AFP", "E": "Brachyury"}	E	Brachyury	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	93	null
A 23-year-old hockey player presents with right shoulder pain and weakness after a fall. Physical exam shows infraspinatus atrophy and 4/5 external rotation strength. Which imaging finding is most consistent with the clinical presentation?	{"A": "Isolated infraspinatus muscle atrophy", "B": "Large paralabral cyst compressing the suprascapular nerve", "C": "Supraspinatus tendon tear", "D": "Rotator cuff calcific tendinitis", "E": "Acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis"}	B	Large paralabral cyst compressing the suprascapular nerve	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	94	null
Which brain region shows greater activation during exploitative choices compared to exploratory choices?	{"A": "Striatum", "B": "Prefrontal cortex", "C": "Posterior cingulate cortex", "D": "Anterior cingulate cortex", "E": "Hippocampus"}	A	Striatum	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	95	null
Which structure is indicated by the white arrow in this arthroscopic image?	{"A": "Lateral meniscus root attachment", "B": "Posterosuperior popliteomeniscal fascicule", "C": "Meniscofemoral ligament", "D": "Popliteus tendon", "E": "Joint capsule"}	B	Posterosuperior popliteomeniscal fascicule	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	96	null
Which receptor type is primarily responsible for mediating the fast excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) elicited by thalamocortical input in subplate neurons, as shown in the electrophysiological recording?	{"A": "AMPA/kainate receptors", "B": "NMDA receptors", "C": "GABA_A receptors", "D": "Glycine receptors", "E": "Taurine receptors"}	A	AMPA/kainate receptors	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	97	null
Which image depicts the preoperative design of the flap with marking of the donor vessel?	{"A": "Preoperative design of the flap with marking of the donor vessel", "B": "Preoperative view of the left lower leg soft tissue defect", "C": "Elevation of the harvested musculocutaneous flap", "D": "Immediate postoperative view of the flap", "E": "Postoperative view 19 months after surgery with a pressure sore"}	A	Preoperative design of the flap with marking of the donor vessel	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	98	null
Which finding is most consistent with the chest x-ray in this critically ill patient?	{"A": "Right upper lobe consolidation", "B": "Left pneumothorax", "C": "Right diaphragmatic hernia", "D": "Diffuse pulmonary edema", "E": "Left lower lobe atelectasis"}	D	Diffuse pulmonary edema	biomedica_webdataset_glm_generated_qwen_verified_VQA_parquet_25k_filtered_13k_subset1k	99	null

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Code: https://github.com/UCSC-VLAA/MedVLSynther Project Page: https://ucsc-vlaa.github.io/MedVLSynther/

📊 Datasets

Available Datasets

We release MedSynVQA and the subsets used in our paper. Each set targets medical vision–language QA and supports RLVR/SFT training.

Dataset	Generator	Verifier	Modality	Description	Download
MedSynVQA	GLM-4.5V 108B	Qwen2.5-VL 72B	Image–Text	Full training set for medical VQA (used for RLVR).	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-10K	GLM-4.5V 108B	Qwen2.5-VL 72B	Image–Text	10K-sample training subset for RLVR.	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-5K	GLM-4.5V 108B	Qwen2.5-VL 72B	Image–Text	5K-sample training subset for RLVR.	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-2K	GLM-4.5V 108B	Qwen2.5-VL 72B	Image–Text	2K-sample training subset for RLVR.	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-1K	GLM-4.5V 108B	Qwen2.5-VL 72B	Image–Text	1K-sample training subset for RLVR.	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-5K-qwen-glm	Qwen2.5-VL 72B	GLM-4.5V 108B	Image–Text	5K subset for generator and verifier choice ablation (GLM→Qwen generator, Qwen→GLM verifier).	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-5K-internvl-glm	InternVL-3.5 38B	GLM-4.5V 108B	Image–Text	5K subset for generator choice ablation (InternVL→GLM verifier).	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-5K-glm-glm	GLM-4.5V 108B	GLM-4.5V 108B	Image–Text	5K subset for verifier choice ablation (Qwen→GLM verifier).	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-5K-no-verify	GLM-4.5V 108B	N/A	Image–Text	5K subset for verifier necessity ablation (no verification step).	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-5K-PMC-style	GLM-4.5V 108B	N/A	Image–Text	5K subset generated with PMC-VQA–style prompts.	🤗 HF
MedSynVQA-5K-SFT	GLM-4.5V 108B	N/A	Image–Text	5K subset generated for SFT training.	🤗 HF

Dataset Usage

from datasets import load_dataset

# Load evaluation dataset
eval_dataset = load_dataset("UCSC-VLAA/MedVLThinker-Eval")

# Load training dataset
train_dataset = load_dataset("MedVLSynther/MedSynVQA-13K")

Dataset details and preparation of your own

Data Format

All train datasets follow a unified format:

{
    "images": [PIL.Image],           # List of images                           
    "question": str,                 # Question text
    "options": Dict[str, str],       # Multiple choice options
    "answer_label": str,             # Correct answer label (A, B, C, D, E)
    "answer": str,                   # Full answer text
    "reasoning": str,                # Chain-of-thought reasoning (optional)
    "dataset_name": str,             # Source dataset name
    "dataset_index": int             # Unique sample identifier
}

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Size of downloaded dataset files:

136 MB

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files:

136 MB

Number of rows:

1,000

Models trained or fine-tuned on MedVLSynther/MedSynVQA-1K

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