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+# IIIF APIs Reference (Image API 3.0 & Presentation API 3.0)
+
+## Overview
+
+The IIIF (International Image Interoperability Framework) consists of complementary APIs for delivering and presenting digital content:
+
+- **Image API**: Web service for image manipulation and delivery via URI parameters
+- **Presentation API**: JSON-LD format for describing structure, metadata, and presentation of compound digital objects
+- **Content Search API**: Full-text search within IIIF resources
+
+## IIIF Image API 3.0
+
+## URI Syntax
+
+### Base URI Template
+```
+{scheme}://{server}{/prefix}/{identifier}
+```
+
+### Image Request URI Template
+```
+{scheme}://{server}{/prefix}/{identifier}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}
+```
+
+### Image Information Request URI Template
+```
+{scheme}://{server}{/prefix}/{identifier}/info.json
+```
+
+## URI Components
+
+| Component | Description |
+|-----------|-------------|
+| scheme | HTTP or HTTPS protocol |
+| server | Host server (may include port number) |
+| prefix | Optional path to the service on the host server |
+| identifier | Identifier of the requested image (ARK, URN, filename, etc.) |
+
+**Important**: Special characters in identifiers MUST be URI encoded, including slashes (/).
+
+## Image Request Parameters
+
+Parameters must be specified in this exact order: region/size/rotation/quality.format
+
+### Region Parameter
+
+Defines the rectangular portion of the image to return.
+
+| Form | Description | Example |
+|------|-------------|---------|
+| `full` | Return the complete image | `full` |
+| `square` | Return square region (shorter dimension) | `square` |
+| `x,y,w,h` | Pixel coordinates (x,y) and dimensions (w,h) | `125,15,120,140` |
+| `pct:x,y,w,h` | Percentage coordinates and dimensions | `pct:41.6,7.5,40,70` |
+
+### Size Parameter
+
+Specifies dimensions for scaling the extracted region.
+
+| Form | Description | Example |
+|------|-------------|---------|
+| `max` | Maximum size available (no upscaling) | `max` |
+| `^max` | Maximum size (allows upscaling) | `^max` |
+| `w,` | Scale to exact width | `150,` |
+| `^w,` | Scale to exact width (allows upscaling) | `^200,` |
+| `,h` | Scale to exact height | `,100` |
+| `^,h` | Scale to exact height (allows upscaling) | `^,150` |
+| `pct:n` | Scale to n percent (max 100%) | `pct:50` |
+| `^pct:n` | Scale to n percent (allows upscaling) | `^pct:150` |
+| `w,h` | Exact width and height (may distort) | `200,300` |
+| `^w,h` | Exact width and height (allows upscaling) | `^250,400` |
+| `!w,h` | Best fit within w,h (maintains aspect ratio) | `!200,300` |
+
+### Rotation Parameter
+
+Specifies mirroring and rotation to be applied to the image.
+
+| Form | Description |
+|------|-------------|
+| `0` | No rotation |
+| `90`, `180`, `270` | Clockwise rotation in degrees |
+| `!0`, `!90`, etc. | Horizontal mirroring then rotation |
+
+### Quality Parameter
+
+Determines color characteristics of the image.
+
+| Value | Description |
+|-------|-------------|
+| `default` | Server-determined default quality |
+| `color` | Full color image |
+| `gray` | Grayscale image |
+| `bitonal` | Black and white image |
+
+### Format Parameter
+
+Specifies the output format.
+
+Common formats: `jpg`, `png`, `gif`, `webp`, `tif`
+
+---
+
+## IIIF Presentation API 3.0
+
+### Purpose
+The Presentation API provides a standardized way to describe compound digital objects (books, manuscripts, albums, etc.) with their structure, metadata, and presentation instructions. It uses JSON-LD format to enable rich viewing experiences across different client applications.
+
+### Core Resource Types
+
+#### Collection
+Ordered list of Manifests and/or other Collections for hierarchical organization.
+```json
+{
+  "@context": "http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json",
+  "id": "https://example.org/collection/books",
+  "type": "Collection",
+  "label": { "en": ["Book Collection"] },
+  "items": [
+    {
+      "id": "https://example.org/manifest/book1",
+      "type": "Manifest",
+      "label": { "en": ["Book 1"] }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+#### Manifest
+Describes a single compound object with its structure, metadata, and viewing instructions.
+```json
+{
+  "@context": "http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json",
+  "id": "https://example.org/manifest/book1",
+  "type": "Manifest",
+  "label": { "en": ["Example Book"] },
+  "summary": { "en": ["A description of this book"] },
+  "metadata": [
+    {
+      "label": { "en": ["Author"] },
+      "value": { "en": ["Jane Doe"] }
+    }
+  ],
+  "items": [
+    {
+      "id": "https://example.org/canvas/page1",
+      "type": "Canvas",
+      "label": { "en": ["Page 1"] },
+      "height": 1000,
+      "width": 750,
+      "items": [
+        {
+          "id": "https://example.org/page/page1/annopage",
+          "type": "AnnotationPage",
+          "items": [
+            {
+              "id": "https://example.org/page/page1/anno",
+              "type": "Annotation",
+              "motivation": "painting",
+              "body": {
+                "id": "https://example.org/iiif/page1/full/max/0/default.jpg",
+                "type": "Image",
+                "format": "image/jpeg",
+                "service": [
+                  {
+                    "id": "https://example.org/iiif/page1",
+                    "type": "ImageService3",
+                    "profile": "level2"
+                  }
+                ]
+              },
+              "target": "https://example.org/canvas/page1"
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+#### Canvas
+Virtual container representing a view of the object (page, image, time segment) with defined dimensions.
+- **Spatial**: Uses `height` and `width` properties
+- **Temporal**: Uses `duration` property  
+- **Mixed**: Can have all three dimensions
+
+#### Range
+Defines structural sections within an object (chapters, movements, articles).
+```json
+{
+  "id": "https://example.org/range/chapter1",
+  "type": "Range",
+  "label": { "en": ["Chapter 1"] },
+  "items": [
+    { "id": "https://example.org/canvas/page1", "type": "Canvas" },
+    { "id": "https://example.org/canvas/page2", "type": "Canvas" }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+#### Annotation & Annotation Page
+Content is associated with Canvases through Annotations collected in Annotation Pages.
+- **Painting motivation**: Content that is part of the Canvas (images, video, audio)
+- **Supplementing motivation**: Content derived from the Canvas (transcriptions, translations)
+- **Other motivations**: Commentary, tags, etc.
+
+### Essential Properties
+
+#### Required Properties
+- **id**: HTTP(S) URI identifier
+- **type**: Resource class (Collection, Manifest, Canvas, etc.)
+- **label**: Human-readable name (internationalized)
+
+#### Key Descriptive Properties
+- **metadata**: Array of label/value pairs for display
+- **summary**: Brief description
+- **thumbnail**: Representative image(s)
+- **provider**: Institution/organization information
+- **rights**: License or rights statement URI
+- **requiredStatement**: Text that must be displayed (attribution)
+
+#### Technical Properties
+- **height/width**: Pixel dimensions for images, aspect ratio for Canvas
+- **duration**: Time length in seconds
+- **format**: MIME type (e.g., "image/jpeg")
+- **profile**: Schema or functionality description
+- **viewingDirection**: Display order (left-to-right, right-to-left, etc.)
+- **behavior**: Presentation hints (paged, continuous, individuals, etc.)
+
+#### Structural Properties
+- **items**: Ordered list of child resources
+- **structures**: Top-level Ranges for table of contents
+- **annotations**: Commentary Annotation Pages
+
+### Language Internationalization
+Properties like `label`, `summary`, and `metadata` use language maps:
+```json
+{
+  "label": {
+    "en": ["English Title"],
+    "fr": ["Titre Français"],
+    "none": ["No Language"]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Behavior Values
+Control presentation and navigation:
+
+| Behavior | Applies To | Description |
+|----------|------------|-------------|
+| `auto-advance` | Collections, Manifests, Canvases, Ranges | Automatically proceed to next item |
+| `no-auto-advance` | Collections, Manifests, Canvases, Ranges | Do not auto-advance (default) |
+| `paged` | Collections, Manifests, Ranges | Page-turning interface |
+| `continuous` | Collections, Manifests, Ranges | Virtually stitch views together |
+| `individuals` | Collections, Manifests, Ranges | Distinct objects/views (default) |
+| `unordered` | Collections, Manifests, Ranges | No inherent order |
+| `facing-pages` | Canvases | Canvas shows both parts of opening |
+| `sequence` | Ranges | Alternative ordering of Canvases |
+| `hidden` | Annotations, etc. | Not rendered by default |
+
+### Viewing Directions
+- `left-to-right` (default)
+- `right-to-left` 
+- `top-to-bottom`
+- `bottom-to-top`
+
+---
+
+## Practical Integration Examples
+
+## Practical Integration Examples
+
+### Image API + Presentation API Workflow
+1. **Presentation API** provides structure and metadata via Manifests
+2. **Image API** delivers actual image content with manipulation capabilities
+3. **Annotations** link Image API resources to Canvas positions
+
+```json
+{
+  "id": "https://example.org/canvas/page1",
+  "type": "Canvas",
+  "height": 1000,
+  "width": 750,
+  "items": [{
+    "id": "https://example.org/annopage/page1",
+    "type": "AnnotationPage",
+    "items": [{
+      "id": "https://example.org/annotation/page1-image",
+      "type": "Annotation",
+      "motivation": "painting",
+      "body": {
+        "id": "https://example.org/iiif/page1/full/max/0/default.jpg",
+        "type": "Image",
+        "format": "image/jpeg",
+        "service": [{
+          "id": "https://example.org/iiif/page1",
+          "type": "ImageService3",
+          "profile": "level2"
+        }]
+      },
+      "target": "https://example.org/canvas/page1"
+    }]
+  }]
+}
+```
+
+### Image API Examples
+
+### General Examples
+```
+# Full image at maximum size, default quality, JPEG format
+https://example.org/image-service/abcd1234/full/max/0/default.jpg
+
+# Square region, scaled to 200px width
+https://example.org/image-service/abcd1234/square/200,/0/default.jpg
+
+# Specific region by pixels, 50% scale, 90° rotation
+https://example.org/image-service/abcd1234/125,15,120,140/pct:50/90/color.png
+
+# Region by percentage, best fit 300x200
+https://example.org/image-service/abcd1234/pct:25,25,50,50/!300,200/0/gray.jpg
+
+# Image information document
+https://example.org/image-service/abcd1234/info.json
+```
+
+### Riksarkivet (Swedish National Archives) Examples
+
+**IIIF Image API 3.0:**
+```
+# Base URL patterns
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/{image-id}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.jpg
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/v3/{image-id}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.jpg
+
+# Full image examples
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0001216_00005/full/max/0/default.jpg
+
+# Square crop
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0001216_00005/square/max/0/default.jpg
+
+# Region by pixels (x=300, y=300, width=100, height=100)
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0001216_00005/300,300,100,100/max/0/default.jpg
+
+# Scale to fixed width (300px)
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0001216_00005/full/300,/0/default.jpg
+
+# Scale to fixed height (500px)
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0001216_00005/full/,500/0/default.jpg
+
+# Scale to exact dimensions (may distort aspect ratio)
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0001216_00005/full/500,300/0/default.jpg
+
+# 90-degree clockwise rotation
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0001216_00005/full/max/90/default.jpg
+
+# 90-degree rotation with horizontal flip
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0001216_00005/full/max/!90/default.jpg
+```
+
+**IIIF Presentation API:**
+```
+# Manifest for a specific resource
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/{identifier}/manifest
+
+# Example manifest
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0000480/manifest
+
+# Collections (hierarchical organization)
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/collection/riksarkivet
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/collection/amnesomraden  # Subject areas
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/collection/tid           # Time periods
+
+# Collection by archive unit PID
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/collection/arkiv/2Yz2ClKdn2VMeUXQcoZOO6
+```
+
+**IIIF Content Search:**
+```
+# Search within a volume
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/search/arkis!40008511?q=kaffe
+https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/search/arkis!A0068583?q=juveler
+```
+
+### Universal Examples (Any IIIF Server)
+
+## Key Implementation Notes
+
+- Parameters must be in exact order: region/size/rotation/quality.format
+- All special characters in identifiers must be URI encoded
+- Operations are applied in parameter order: extract region → scale → rotate → adjust quality → convert format
+- Servers SHOULD support CORS on image responses
+- If region extends beyond image bounds, crop at edges rather than adding empty space
+- Zero-dimension regions should return 400 Bad Request
+
+## Error Handling and Rate Limiting
+
+Common HTTP status codes:
+- `400 Bad Request` - Invalid parameters
+- `403 Forbidden` - Missing rights marking or access denied
+- `404 Not Found` - Image/resource not found
+- `429 Too Many Requests` - Rate limit exceeded (check X-RateLimit-* headers)
+- `501 Not Implemented` - Feature not supported
+
+## CORS Configuration
+
+For external applications, configure CORS headers:
+```
+# Request header
+Origin: https://yourdomain.com
+
+# Response header
+Access-Control-Allow-Origin: https://yourdomain.com
+```
+
+**Reverse Proxy Setup (recommended for external services):**
+
+Apache HTTP Server:
+```apache
+ProxyPass /iiif/ https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/
+ProxyPassReverse /iiif/ https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/
+Header always set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
+```
+
+Nginx:
+```nginx
+location /iiif/ {
+    proxy_pass https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/;
+    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*";
+}
+```
+
+## Programming Examples
+
+### Python: Working with IIIF Manifests and Images
+```python
+import requests
+import json
+
+# Fetch and parse a IIIF Manifest
+def get_manifest(manifest_url):
+    response = requests.get(manifest_url)
+    return response.json()
+
+# Extract all image URLs from a manifest
+def extract_image_urls(manifest):
+    image_urls = []
+    for canvas in manifest.get('items', []):
+        for annotation_page in canvas.get('items', []):
+            for annotation in annotation_page.get('items', []):
+                if annotation.get('motivation') == 'painting':
+                    body = annotation.get('body', {})
+                    if body.get('type') == 'Image':
+                        image_urls.append(body.get('id'))
+    return image_urls
+
+# Get image service base URL from image URL
+def get_image_service_url(image_url):
+    # Remove the Image API parameters to get base service URL
+    # e.g., https://example.org/iiif/img1/full/max/0/default.jpg
+    # becomes https://example.org/iiif/img1
+    parts = image_url.split('/')
+    return '/'.join(parts[:-4])  # Remove /region/size/rotation/quality.format
+
+# Generate thumbnail URL using Image API
+def create_thumbnail_url(image_url, width=150, height=150):
+    service_url = get_image_service_url(image_url)
+    return f"{service_url}/full/!{width},{height}/0/default.jpg"
+
+# Example usage
+manifest_url = "https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0000480/manifest"
+manifest = get_manifest(manifest_url)
+images = extract_image_urls(manifest)
+
+for img_url in images:
+    thumb_url = create_thumbnail_url(img_url)
+    print(f"Original: {img_url}")
+    print(f"Thumbnail: {thumb_url}")
+```
+
+### Python: Download Images from Riksarkivet Collection
+```python
+import requests
+import sys
+import json
+import zipfile
+import re
+import os
+
+URL_BASE = 'https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/collection/arkiv/'
+
+def process_collection(collection, zip_file):
+    for item in collection.get('items', []):
+        res = requests.get(item.get('id'))
+        if res.status_code == 200:
+            item_json = res.json()
+            if item.get('type') == 'Collection':
+                process_collection(item_json, zip_file)
+            else:
+                process_manifest(item_json, zip_file)
+
+def process_manifest(manifest, zip_file):
+    for canvas in manifest.get('items', []):
+        for annotation_page in canvas.get('items', []):
+            for annotation in annotation_page.get('items', []):
+                image_url = annotation.get('body', {}).get('id')
+                if image_url:
+                    regex = re.compile('.*\!(.*)\/full.*')
+                    result = regex.match(image_url)
+                    if result:
+                        image_id = result.group(1)
+                        try:
+                            file_name = f'{image_id}.jpg'
+                            print(f'Processing {file_name}')
+                            download_file(image_url, file_name)
+                            zip_file.write(file_name, file_name)
+                            os.remove(file_name)
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            print(e)
+
+def download_file(url, file_name):
+    with requests.get(url, stream=True) as r:
+        r.raise_for_status()
+        with open(file_name, 'wb') as f:
+            for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size=8192):
+                f.write(chunk)
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+        pid = sys.argv[1]
+        res = requests.get(f'{URL_BASE}{pid}')
+        if res.status_code == 200:
+            collection = res.json()
+            with zipfile.ZipFile(f'{pid}.zip', 'w') as zip_file:
+                process_collection(collection, zip_file)
+    else:
+        print('Usage: download.py <pid>')
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+```
+
+### JavaScript: IIIF Viewer Integration
+```javascript
+// Universal Viewer integration
+const manifestUri = 'https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0000480/manifest';
+const uv = new UV.createUV('#uv-container', { 
+  manifestUri: manifestUri,
+  configUri: '/uv-config.json'
+});
+
+// Mirador viewer integration
+const mirador = Mirador.viewer({
+  id: 'mirador-container',
+  windows: [{
+    manifestId: manifestUri,
+    canvasId: 'https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0000480/canvas/1'
+  }]
+});
+
+// OpenSeadragon with IIIF Image service
+const viewer = OpenSeadragon({
+  id: 'osd-container',
+  tileSources: {
+    '@context': 'http://iiif.io/api/image/3/context.json',
+    '@id': 'https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0000480_00001',
+    'profile': 'level1'
+  }
+});
+
+// Fetch manifest and display metadata
+async function displayManifest(manifestUrl) {
+  const response = await fetch(manifestUrl);
+  const manifest = await response.json();
+  
+  // Display basic info
+  const title = manifest.label?.en?.[0] || manifest.label?.sv?.[0] || 'Untitled';
+  const summary = manifest.summary?.en?.[0] || manifest.summary?.sv?.[0] || '';
+  
+  document.getElementById('title').textContent = title;
+  document.getElementById('summary').textContent = summary;
+  
+  // Display metadata
+  const metadataContainer = document.getElementById('metadata');
+  manifest.metadata?.forEach(item => {
+    const label = item.label?.en?.[0] || item.label?.sv?.[0] || '';
+    const value = item.value?.en?.[0] || item.value?.sv?.[0] || '';
+    
+    const div = document.createElement('div');
+    div.innerHTML = `<strong>${label}:</strong> ${value}`;
+    metadataContainer.appendChild(div);
+  });
+}
+```
+
+### Finding Image IDs from Archive Units
+1. Get archive unit PID from search interface
+2. Fetch collection data: `https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/collection/arkiv/{pid}`
+3. Extract manifest URLs from `items` array
+4. Parse image IDs from manifest image URLs
+
+### IIIF Presentation API Structure
+
+**Collection Response Example:**
+```json
+{
+  "id": "https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/collection/arkiv/2Yz2ClKdn2VMeUXQcoZOO6",
+  "type": "Collection",
+  "label": { "sv": ["1 (1654-1721) - Handlingar rörande förhandlingar..."] },
+  "summary": { "sv": ["Referenskod: SE/RA/2113/2113.2/1"] },
+  "items": [
+    {
+      "id": "https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0000480/manifest",
+      "type": "Manifest",
+      "label": { "sv": ["1 (1654-1721) - R0000480 - Handlingar..."] }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+**Hierarchy:**
+- **Collection** → Contains other Collections or Manifests
+- **Manifest** → Contains Canvases (individual pages/images)
+- **Canvas** → Contains image annotations with Image API URLs
+
+## Common Use Cases
+
+### Image API
+- **Thumbnails** - Quick generation of preview images at specific sizes
+- **Deep zoom viewers** - Requesting tiles and regions for interactive viewing
+- **Responsive images** - Serving appropriate sizes for different devices
+- **Image analysis** - Extracting specific regions for processing
+- **Print quality** - High-resolution downloads with rotation/cropping
+
+### Presentation API
+- **Digital libraries** - Organizing books, manuscripts, and documents
+- **Museum collections** - Presenting artworks with metadata and context
+- **Archives** - Hierarchical organization of historical materials
+- **Educational platforms** - Structured learning materials with annotations
+- **Cultural heritage** - Multi-language, multi-institutional content sharing
+
+### Combined Workflows
+- **Reading room interfaces** - Full manuscripts with page-turning and zoom
+- **Annotation tools** - Transcription and commentary systems
+- **Comparative viewing** - Side-by-side analysis of similar materials
+- **Mobile apps** - Responsive cultural heritage exploration
+- **Research platforms** - Advanced search and analysis tools
+
+## Implementation Notes
+
+### Content Delivery Best Practices
+- Use Image API for dynamic image manipulation and delivery
+- Use Presentation API for metadata, structure, and viewing instructions
+- Combine both APIs for complete digital object presentation
+- Implement proper caching strategies for performance
+- Consider CDN deployment for global access
+
+### Client Application Patterns
+1. **Parse Manifest** → Extract structure and metadata
+2. **Render Canvas** → Display individual views/pages
+3. **Load Images** → Use Image API services for content
+4. **Handle Annotations** → Process transcriptions, translations, comments
+5. **Navigate Structure** → Use Ranges for table of contents
+6. **Apply Behaviors** → Follow presentation hints (paging, auto-advance, etc.)
+
+### Data Flow
+```
+Collection → Manifest → Canvas → Annotation → Image Service
+     ↓          ↓         ↓          ↓            ↓
+  Hierarchy  Metadata  Viewport  Association   Pixels
+```
+
+## Implementation Variations
+
+### Riksarkivet (Swedish National Archives) Specifics
+**Technical Implementation:**
+- **Compliance Level**: Image API Level 1 (basic features)
+- **Supported Formats**: JPEG only (`.jpg`)
+- **Supported Quality**: `default` only
+- **Version Support**: Both IIIF 2.0 and 3.0 APIs
+- **Content Types**: 
+  - Images: `content-type: image/jpeg`
+  - Manifests: `content-type: application/json`
+- **Access Rights**: Public digitized archives older than 110 years
+- **Rate Limiting**: Enforced with `X-RateLimit-*` headers
+
+**Content Organization:**
+- Collections organized by subject (`amnesomraden`) and time (`tid`)
+- Archive units identified by persistent IDs (PIDs)
+- Manifests correspond to volumes or individual items
+- Search integration with full-text OCR content
+
+**API Endpoints:**
+- Image API: `https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/`
+- Collections: `https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/collection/`
+- Search: `https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/search/`
+
+### General IIIF Implementation Patterns
+
+**Compliance Levels (Image API):**
+- **Level 0**: Static images with limited manipulation
+- **Level 1**: Basic resize, rotation, quality options
+- **Level 2**: Full specification support with advanced features
+
+**Common Institution Patterns:**
+- **Museums**: Focus on high-quality images with rich metadata
+- **Libraries**: Emphasis on text materials with OCR and search
+- **Archives**: Hierarchical organization with finding aids
+- **Universities**: Research-focused with annotation tools
+
+**Supported IIIF APIs (Typical Implementations):**
+- ✅ **Image API 3.0/2.0** - Core image delivery (universal)
+- ✅ **Presentation API 3.0** - Metadata and structure (most institutions)
+- ✅ **Content Search API 1.0** - Full-text search (text-heavy collections)
+- ⚠️ **Authentication API 1.0** - Access control (restricted content)
+- ⚠️ **Change Discovery API 1.0** - Update notifications (large institutions)
+
+### Server Technology Stacks
+
+**Popular IIIF Server Software:**
+- **Cantaloupe** - Java-based image server (Image API)
+- **IIPImage** - C++ high-performance server
+- **Loris** - Python image server
+- **RIIIF** - Ruby implementation
+- **Omeka S** - Content management with IIIF support
+- **Samvera/Hyrax** - Digital repository platform
+- **DSpace** - Institutional repository with IIIF modules
+
+**Cloud Solutions:**
+- **IIIF Hosting** - Managed IIIF services
+- **AWS/Azure/GCP** - Serverless IIIF implementations
+- **ContentDM** - OCLC's hosted digital collections platform
+
+## Integration with Viewers
+
+### Popular IIIF-Compatible Viewers
+
+**Full-Featured Viewers:**
+- **Universal Viewer** - Complete presentation with navigation and metadata
+- **Mirador** - Advanced viewer with workspace and comparison features
+- **Tify** - Vue.js-based viewer for modern web applications
+
+**Specialized Viewers:**
+- **OpenSeadragon** - High-performance pan/zoom for images
+- **Leaflet-IIIF** - Map-style tile viewer for large images
+- **Annona** - Lightweight annotation-focused viewer
+
+**Implementation Examples:**
+```javascript
+// Universal Viewer (comprehensive)
+const manifestUri = 'https://lbiiif.riksarkivet.se/arkis!R0000480/manifest';
+const uv = new UV.createUV('#uv', { manifestUri: manifestUri });
+
+// Mirador (research-focused)
+const mirador = Mirador.viewer({
+  id: 'mirador',
+  windows: [{ manifestId: manifestUri }],
+  workspaceControlPanel: { enabled: true }
+});
+
+// OpenSeadragon (image-focused)
+const viewer = OpenSeadragon({
+  id: 'osd',
+  tileSources: 'https://example.org/iiif/image1/info.json'
+});
+```
+
+### Mobile and Responsive Considerations
+- Progressive image loading for bandwidth optimization
+- Touch-friendly zoom and pan interactions  
+- Adaptive metadata display for small screens
+- Offline capability for downloaded content
+- Platform-specific apps (iOS/Android) using IIIF APIs